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SIFCO Industries, Inc.

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FY2023 Annual Report · SIFCO Industries, Inc.
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SIFCO Industries, Inc.
2023 Annual Report

To our Shareholders: 

A very eventful year for SIFCO Industries; looking back it is proving to be a turning point for the business.  Beginning the year, 

our served markets continued to be in recovery mode both from Covid 19 and, in the case of Commercial Aerospace, aircraft 

delivery issues caused by supply chain disruptions.  At the end of our 1st quarter in 2023, we experienced a cyber incident that 

impacted our domestic sites.  We took immediate action to contain the threat, followed our internal protocols, and involved the 

appropriate governmental agencies as we worked to isolate the damage and regain the use of our systems.  We were successful 

in doing so, but with impact to operations that spanned months.  There were lessons learned and actions implemented that will 

allow us to respond and recover quickly in the event that something like this happens again.  In the second half of the fiscal 

year our firm backlog grew very quickly across our served markets as the global economy strengthened, resulting in a record 

high backlog at the end of the fiscal year.  We were awarded eighty-six new products during the year, eclipsing the previous 

record of seventy set just last year.  Helping to develop new alloys and new applications for existing alloys continued to be a 

focus.  We look forward to developing these new opportunities and ramping production as we move forward. 

Though  the  Ukraine  conflict  continues, Western  European  markets  have  demonstrated  a  strong  resilience.   This  and  other 

market factors have provided a robust Energy market resurgence after multiple challenging years.  Our backlog has directly 

benefited from this.  We look forward to serving our customers well in this segment as they grow. 

Commercial and Military Aerospace, our core markets, returned to normal procurement patterns in the second half of the year, 

again reflected in our firm backlog.  Commercial Space is an exciting opportunity, and our support has grown substantially.  

Finally, we now have three customers in the semiconductor industry providing products that are used in the manufacture of 

microchips. 

Our  conservative  financial  approach over  the  past  number of  years  positioned  us  well  as  we  navigated  the  cyber  incident, 

allowing continued investment in the business.   The SIFCO team remained focused on safely providing class leading quality 

and delivery to our customers. 

Our vision and mission have not changed.  We strive to be the forged products supplier of choice to the markets we serve.   

Thank you for your support of SIFCO. 

Peter W. Knapper 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

 
 
 
 
[This Page Intentionally Left Blank] 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549
FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

☒
1934 

   For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023

or
   ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

1934 

   For the transition period from _________________ to _____________________

Commission file number 1-5978

SIFCO Industries, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Ohio
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 970 East 64th Street, Cleveland Ohio 
(Address of principal executive offices)

34-0553950
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
44103
(Zip Code)

                (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(216) 881-8600

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Common Shares

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

SIF

NYSE American

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act:  None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.             
Yes ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.     
Yes ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934  during  the  preceding  12  months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  file  such 
reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted 
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period 
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). 
Yes ☒    No ☐   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller 
reporting company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). 

large accelerated filer ☐      accelerated filer ☐    non-accelerated filer ☒     smaller reporting company ☒   emerging 
growth company ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). 
Yes ☐    No ☒  

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for 
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on an attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness 
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.7262(b)) by the registered 
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
If  securities  are  registered  pursuant  to  Section  12(b)  of  the  Act,  indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  financial  statements  of  the 
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based 
compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). 
☐ 
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price 
at  which  the  common  equity  was  last  sold,  as  of  the  last  business  day  of  the  registrant’s  most  recently  completed  second  fiscal 
quarter is $13,037,758.

The number of the Registrant’s Common Shares outstanding at November 30, 2023 was 6,104,439.

Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held 
on January 31, 2024 (including Part III thereof).

2

Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the Year-ended September 30, 2023

Table of Contents 

Item                                                  

Number

PART I

1

1A.

2

3

4A.

PART II

5

7

8

9

9A

9B

9C

PART III

10

11

12

13

14

PART IV

15

Business

Risk Factors

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Executive Officers

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Financial Statements and Supplemental Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

Directors Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 

Executive Compensation

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

Signatures

4

7

16

16

16

17

18

29

68

68

70

70

70

70

70

71

71

71

75

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PART I

Item 1. Business

A.

The Company

SIFCO Industries, Inc. ("SIFCO," "Company," "we" or "our"), an Ohio corporation, was incorporated in 1916. The executive 
offices  of  the  Company  are  located  at  970  East  64th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio  44103,  and  its  telephone  number  is 
(216) 881-8600.

SIFCO is engaged in the production of forgings, sub-assemblies, and machined components primarily for the Aerospace and 
Energy ("A&E") markets. The processes and services include forging, heat-treating, chemical processing and machining. The 
Company's operations are conducted in a single business segment. Information relating to the Company's financial results is set 
forth in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Cybersecurity Incident

As reported on Forms 8-K filed January 6, 2023 and February 10, 2023, the Company became aware of unauthorized access to 
the  Company's  systems  on  December  30,  2022.  The  Company’s  domestic  operations  were  impacted  by  this  Cybersecurity 
Incident ("Cyber Incident") which resulted in production delays and delayed shipments due to information access limitations. 
The Company immediately initiated response protocols and an investigation, engaging cyber security experts to assist with the 
assessment of the incident and to help determine what data was impacted. The Company has since completed data recovery and 
restoration from the cyber incident. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies.

B.

Principal Products and Services

Operations
SIFCO is a manufacturer of forgings and machined components for the Aerospace and Defense, Energy and Commercial Space 
markets. We provide our customers with envelope and precision forgings, rough and finished machined components, as well as 
sub-assemblies. SIFCO services both original equipment manufacturers ("OEM"), Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers, and aftermarket 
service providers with products that range in size from approximately 2 to 1,200 pounds. The Company's strategic vision is to 
build a leading A&E company positioned for long-term, stable growth and profitability. 

SIFCO's  long-term  plan  is  to  have  a  balance  comprised  of  military  and  commercial  aerospace  revenues,  supplemented  with 
energy, commercial space, and adjacent market components. In fiscal 2023, commercial and military revenues accounted for 
55.6% and 44.4% of revenues, respectively, compared with 47.4% in commercial revenues and 52.6% in military revenues in 
fiscal  2022.  The  Company's  capabilities  are  focused  on  supplying  critical  components,  consisting  primarily  of  steel,  high 
temperature alloys, nickel alloys, titanium and aluminum.

SIFCO operates from multiple locations. SIFCO manufacturing facilities are located in Cleveland, Ohio ("Cleveland"); Orange, 
California ("Orange"); and Maniago, Italy ("Maniago"). SIFCO's operations are AS 9100D and/or ISO 9001:2015 certified and 
the  Company  also  holds  multiple  National  Aerospace  and  Defense  Contractors  Accreditation  Program  (“NADCAP”) 
certifications and site approvals from key OEM customers. During fiscal year 2022, the Company was subject to a NADCAP 
audit in Orange pursuant to which maintenance issues were identified that required remediation in order to meet the requisite 
qualifications for NADCAP Certification. The Company temporarily lost NADCAP Certification at its Orange location in the 
third  quarter  of  fiscal  2022  and  was  required  to  outsource  the  process  that  required  such  certification  to  a  third  party.  The 
Company  regained  such  NADCAP  Certification  in  Orange  in  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2023  and  was  able  to  fully  resume 
operations. 

The Company's success is not dependent on patents, trademarks, licenses or franchises.

Raw Materials
While the residual effects from the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the global supply chain and availability of raw materials, 
SIFCO  generally  has  multiple  sources  for  its  raw  materials,  which  consist  primarily  of  high-quality  metals  essential  to  its 
business. Suppliers of such materials are located principally in North America and Europe. SIFCO generally does not depend 
on a single source for the supply of its materials. Due to the limited supply of certain raw materials, some material is provided 
by  a  small  number  of  suppliers;  however,  SIFCO  believes  that  its  sources  are  adequate  for  its  business.  The  Company  has 
experienced  delays  in  the  supply  chain,  which  could  effect  our  ability  to  timely  obtain  materials  and  components  from  our 
suppliers in the quantities we require or on favorable terms. As a result of supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures, 
the  Company  has  experienced  increases  in  pricing  for  raw  materials  which  could  effect  our  customer  demand  and  cost. 

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However,  SIFCO  believes  that  its  ability  to  pass  through  raw  material  costs  on  certain  contractual  agreements  and  discrete 
orders  limits  this  exposure.  For  those  contractual  agreements,  in  which  pass  through  pricing  is  not  permissible,  a  material 
adverse effect upon the profitability of one or more of the affected contracts, future period financial reporting and performance 
may result.

Products
SIFCO’s products are made primarily of steel, high temperature alloys, nickel alloy, titanium and aluminum. SIFCO's product 
offerings  include:  OEM  and  aftermarket  components  for  aircraft  and  industrial  gas  turbine  engines;  steam  turbine  blades; 
structural airframe components; aircraft landing gear components; aircraft wheels and brakes; critical rotating components for 
helicopters; and commercial/industrial products. SIFCO also provides heat-treatment, surface-treatment, non-destructive testing 
and select machining and sub-assembly of forged components.

Industry
The performance of the domestic and international air transport industry, the energy industry, as well as government defense 
spending,  directly  and  significantly  impact  the  performance  of  SIFCO.  The  residual  impacts  of  COVID-19  continue  to  be 
assessed by the Company. While demand for travel declined at a rapid pace beginning in the second half of our fiscal 2020, 
commercial  air  travel  has  progressively  shown  signs  of  recovery  to  pre-pandemic  levels  in  fiscal  2023  with  increasing  air 
traffic, in both domestic and international markets.

•

•

•

•

•

SIFCO supplies new and spare components to the U.S. military for aircraft, helicopters, vehicles, and munitions. The 
Company's top programs include Blackhawk (H60), C-130, F-18 and F-35. The defense budget in the United States 
varies from year to year, driven by defense procurement policy and government budget constraints. Coming out of the 
pandemic,  the  defense  aerospace  market  has  been  impacted  by  COVID  overproduction  and  build  rates.  Uncertainty 
may arise if the government reprioritizes funding as a result of, among other factors, potential changes in the threat 
environment,  defense  spending  levels,  government  priorities,  political  leadership,  procurement  strategy,  military 
strategy and planning, and broader changes in social, economic or political demands or priorities. Certain programs in 
which the Company participates have seen favorable trends, which are expected to continue.

SIFCO supplies components for commercial aircraft, principally for large aircraft produced by Boeing and Airbus, and 
for  general  aviation.  Domestic  and  international  travel  are  now  at  pre-pandemic  levels.  Build  rates,  particularly  the 
Boeing 777-9 (formerly 777X), 787, 737 MAX and the Airbus A350, declined and partially rebounded in 2022, but 
not as quickly as previously anticipated. In fiscal year 2023, build rates on these platforms continued to rebound. 

SIFCO  supplies  new  and  spare  components  to  the  energy  industry,  particularly  the  industrial  gas  and  steam  turbine 
markets.  While  alternative  energy  markets  continue  to  strengthen,  oil  and  gas  prices  are  expected  to  rebound  given 
rising gas prices from historic lows. As such, it's currently anticipated that purchases of parts and supplies within the 
industry  will  increase.  SIFCO  has  positioned  itself  to  be  less  dependent  on  OEM  production,  but  with  flexibility  to 
address the demand cycle in this segment as well as continuing to support the aftermarket.

SIFCO  supplies  components  to  the  commercial  space  industry,  which  is  rapidly  evolving.  An  increasing  number  of 
companies  are  participating  in  the  space  launch  and  reentry  programs,  which  brings  continuous  development, 
innovation in technologies, and new approaches in this market. We believe there is an opportunity for SIFCO to gain 
an increased market share as this industry continues to evolve and grow.

SIFCO  supplies  components  to  the  semiconductor  industry,  for  use  in  the  manufacture  of  microchips.  These 
components  require  very  challenging  material  properties  and  purity.  Our  technical  expertise  has  allowed  SIFCO  to 
gain  customer  certifications  for  a  variety  of  materials  in  the  this  application.  We  believe  this  market  holds  growth 
opportunity for SIFCO.

Competition
SIFCO  competes  with  numerous  companies,  both  in  and  tangential  to  the  A&E  industry,  of  which  fifteen  are  known  by 
SIFCO.  SIFCO  competes  with  both  U.S.  and  non-U.S.  suppliers  of  forgings,  some  of  which  are  significantly  larger  than 
SIFCO;  however,  our  competitors  range  from  companies  focused  on  the  A&E  markets  to  large  diversified  corporations  that 
may also have business interests outside of the A&E markets to smaller companies that offer a limited portfolio of products in 
this  market.  SIFCO  believes  that  it  has  an  advantage  and  distinguishes  itself  in  the  primary  markets  it  serves  due  to  its:  (i) 
demonstrated A&E expertise; (ii) focus on quality and customer service; (iii) operating initiatives such as SMART (Streamlined 
Manufacturing Activities to Reduce Time/Cost) and Six Sigma; and (iv) broad range of capabilities and offerings. As customers 
establish  and  utilize  new  facilities  throughout  the  world,  SIFCO  will  continue  to  encounter  non-U.S.  competition.  SIFCO 
believes it can expand its market share by (i) continuing to increase capacity utilization; (ii) broadening its product lines through 

5

investment in equipment that expands its manufacturing capabilities; and (iii) developing new customers in markets where the 
participants require similar technical competence and service as those in the A&E industries. See further discussion of the risks 
relating to competition SIFCO faces in Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Government Contracts
Companies,  such  as  SIFCO,  that  supply  equipment  and  products  to  the  U.S.  military  are  subject  to  certain  risks  related  to 
commercial  relationships  with  the  U.S.  government  and  its  agencies.  Under  the  terms  of  these  agreements,  it  is  possible  for 
demand and build rates to fluctuate or for the U.S. government to terminate existing contracts.

Customers
During  fiscal  2023,  SIFCO  had  one  direct  customer  that  accounted  for  12%  of  consolidated  net  sales;  and  32%  of  the 
Company's consolidated net sales were from three customers and their direct subcontractors, which individually accounted for 
12%, 10% and 10% of net sales, respectively. SIFCO believes that the loss of sales to such customers would result in a material 
adverse impact on the business. However, SIFCO has maintained a business relationship with these customers for many years 
and  is  currently  conducting  business  with  them  under  multi-year  agreements.  Although  there  is  no  assurance  that  these 
relationships will continue, as one or more major customers have reduced their purchases, SIFCO has generally been successful 
in gaining new business, thereby avoiding a material adverse impact on the Company. SIFCO relies on its ability to adapt its 
services and operations to changing requirements of the market in general and its customers in particular. No material part of 
SIFCO’s  business  is  seasonal.  For  additional  financial  information  about  geographic  areas,  refer  to  Note  12,  Business 
Information.

Backlog of Orders
SIFCO’s total backlog as of September 30, 2023 increased to $120.1 million, compared with $81.9 million as of September 30, 
2022. Orders for delivery scheduled in the upcoming fiscal year 2024 increased to $89.6 million compared with $65.5 million 
scheduled  in  fiscal  2023.  Orders  may  be  subject  to  modification  or  cancellation  by  the  customer  with  limited  charges.  The 
increase  in  total  backlog  as  of  September  30,  2023  compared  with  the  previous  year  is  primarily  due  to  timing  of  annual 
awards, SIFCO's customers adjusting orders due to recovery within the commercial airline industry, new content awarded, and 
extended raw material lead times. Backlog information may not be indicative of future sales.

C.

Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to a number of domestic and foreign regulations relating to our operations worldwide and is required to 
comply  with  various  environmental,  health,  and  employee  safety  laws  and  regulations.  The  Company  believes  that  it  is  in 
compliance with these laws and regulations. Historically, compliance with such laws and regulations have not had, and are not 
presently  expected  to  have  a  material  effect  on  capital  expenditures,  earnings  or  competitive  position  of  the  Company  or  its 
subsidiaries under existing regulations and interpretations. Nevertheless, the Company cannot guarantee that, in the future, it 
will not incur additional costs for compliance or that such costs will not be material.

D.

Human Capital Management

SIFCO employed approximately 348 full-time employees at the beginning of fiscal 2023, which increased to approximately 368 
employees at the end of fiscal 2023. 

The Company’s employees include full-time, part-time, and temporary employees. Approximately 68% of our employees were 
located within the U.S. and 32% of our employees were located in Italy. Approximately 61% of our workforce within the U.S. 
is composed of skilled and unskilled labor, and the remaining population includes management, corporate, administrative and 
support staff.

The  Company  is  a  party  to  collective  bargaining  agreements  ("CBA")  with  certain  employees  within  the  Cleveland  location.  
The  Company  ratified  its  CBA  with  one  such  bargaining  unit  in  December  2019  and  ratified  its  CBA  with  the  second 
bargaining  unit  in  December  2021.  The  Maniago  location  is  party  to  the  National  Collective  Agreement  in  Metalworking, 
which renewed in February 2021. 

The skills, experience and industry knowledge of our employees significantly benefit our operations and performance. There 
are several ways in which we attract, develop, and retain highly qualified talent and measure the ongoing effectiveness of our 
human capital management practices, including by making the safety and health of our employees a top priority. The Company 
is focused on ensuring the health of our employees through the implementation of standards, controls, and inspections to help 
ensure that our operations and premises comply with national and local regulations. In addition, the Company conducts annual 
employee  development  reviews,  identifies  growth  opportunities,  which  include  employee  rotations,  promotes  value-based 
recognition programs and engages employees in continuous improvement activities. 

6

E.

Non-U.S. Operations

The Company's products are distributed in the U.S. as well as non-U.S. markets. 

Financial information about the Company's U.S. and non-U.S. operations is set forth in Note 12, Business Information, of the 
consolidated financial statements. 

F.

Available Information

The  Company  files  annual,  quarterly,  and  current  reports,  proxy  statements,  and  other  documents  with  the  SEC  under  the 
Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended.  The  SEC  maintains  an  Internet  website  that  contains  reports,  proxy  and 
information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain any 
documents that are filed by the Company at http://www.sec.gov.

In addition, our annual reports on Form 10-K, as well as our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and 
any amendments to all of the foregoing reports, are made available free of charge on or through the “Investor Relations” section 
of our website at www.sifco.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished 
to the SEC.

Information  relating  to  our  corporate  governance  at  SIFCO,  including  the  Audit  Committee,  Corporate  Governance  and 
Nominating Committee and Compensation Committee Charters, as well as the Corporate Governance Guidelines and Policies 
and the Code of Conduct & Ethics adopted by our Board of Directors, is available free of charge on or through the “Investor 
Relations”  section  of  our  website  at  www.sifco.com.  References  to  our  website  or  the  SEC’s  website  do  not  constitute 
incorporation by reference of the information contained on such websites, and such information is not part of this Form 10-K.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Set forth below are material risks and uncertainties that could negatively affect our business and financial condition and could 
cause  our  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  expressed  in  forward-looking  statements  contained  in  this  report. 
Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business 
operations and financial condition.  

Risks Related to Our Business and Operations

We are subject to the cyclical nature of the A&E industries and the continuing or further downturn in these industries could 
adversely impact the demand for our products.

The commercial aerospace industry is historically driven by the demand from commercial airlines for new aircraft. Demand for 
commercial aircraft is influenced by airline industry profitability, trends in airline passenger traffic, the state of U.S. and world 
economies,  the  ability  of  aircraft  purchasers  to  obtain  required  financing  and  numerous  other  factors  including  the  effects  of 
terrorism, health and safety concerns and environmental constraints imposed upon aircraft operators. Residual negative impacts 
of the COVID-19 pandemic on the commercial aerospace industry may continue for a prolonged period of time. We continue to 
experience  changes  in  demand  from  our  customers  in  this  market  and  a  reduction  in  demand  for  commercial  aircraft  will 
adversely impact our net sales and operating results.

There is risk that the industry reintroduces mitigation strategies in response to residual impacts from COVID-19, which could 
include reduced capacity and shifting route patterns. Furthermore, airlines may experience reduced demand due to reluctance by 
the  flying  public  to  travel  due  to  travel  restrictions  and/or  social  distancing  requirements.  The  residual  impacts  from  the 
COVID-19 pandemic also has increased uncertainty with respect to global trade volumes, which could put negative pressure on 
cargo  traffic  levels.  Any  of  these  factors  would  have  a  significant  impact  on  the  demand  within  the  commercial  aerospace 
industry. In addition, a lengthy period of reduced industry-wide demand for commercial aircraft could put additional pressure 
on  our  suppliers,  resulting  in  increased  procurement  costs  and/or  additional  supply  chain  disruption.  To  the  extent  that  the 
COVID-19 pandemic or its aftermath further impacts demand for our products and services or impairs the viability of some of 
our customers and/or suppliers, our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be adversely affected, and 
those impacts could be material. 

The military aerospace cycle is highly dependent on U.S. and foreign government funding; as well as the effects of terrorism, a 
changing global political environment, U.S. foreign policy, the retirement of older aircraft and technological improvements to 
new  engines.  Accordingly,  the  timing,  duration  and  severity  of  cyclical  upturns  and  downturns  cannot  be  forecast  with 
certainty. Downturns or reductions in demand could have a material adverse effect on our business.

7

    
 
The energy industry is also cyclical in nature. Demand for our new and spare components in this industry is, in turn, driven by 
the  global  demand  for  energy,  which  is  affected  by,  among  other  factors,  the  state  of  the  world  economies,  the  political 
environments of numerous countries and environmental constraints. The availability of alternative energy to oil and gas, and 
related  prices,  also  have  a  large  impact  on  demand.  Reductions  in  demand  for  products  in  this  market  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our business.

Cyclical declines or sustained weakness in these markets could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Government spending priorities and terms may change in a manner adverse to our business.

At times, our supplying of products to the U.S. military has been adversely affected by significant changes in U.S. defense and 
national security budgets. Budget changes that result in a decline in overall spending, program delays, program cancellations or 
a slowing of new program starts on programs in which we participate could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, 
financial condition or results of operations. Future levels of expenditures and authorizations for defense-related programs by the 
U.S.  government  may  decrease,  remain  constant  or  shift  to  programs  in  areas  where  we  do  not  currently  provide  products, 
thereby reducing the chances that we will be awarded new contracts.

SIFCO  has  contracts  for  programs  where  the  period  of  performance  may  exceed  one  year.  Congress  and  certain  foreign 
governments  must  usually  approve  funds  for  a  given  program  each  fiscal  year  and  may  significantly  reduce  funding  of  a 
program  in  a  particular  year.  Significant  reductions  in  these  appropriations  or  the  amount  of  new  defense  contracts  awarded 
may affect our ability to complete contracts, obtain new work and grow our business. At times when there are perceived threats 
to national security, U.S. defense spending can increase; at other times, defense spending can decrease. Future levels of defense 
spending  are  uncertain  and  subject  to  congressional  debate.  Any  reduction  in  future  U.S.  defense  spending  levels  could 
adversely impact our sales, operating profit and cash flow.

Furthermore,  business  conducted  pursuant  to  U.S.  government  contracts  is  subject  to  extensive  procurement  regulations  and 
other  unique  risks.  New  procurement  regulations,  or  changes  to  existing  requirements,  could  increase  compliance  costs  or 
otherwise have a material impact on the operating margins of the portion of our business derived from contracts with the U.S. 
government. The U.S. government contracting party may modify, curtail, or terminate its contracts and subcontracts with the 
company without prior notice either at its convenience or for default based on performance, and funding pursuant to our U.S. 
government  contracts  may  be  reduced  or  withheld  as  a  part  of  the  appropriations  process  due  to  fiscal  constraints  or  due  to 
changes in foreign or domestic policy strategy.  

Failure to retain existing contracts or win new contracts under competitive bidding processes may adversely affect our sales.

SIFCO obtains most of its contracts through a competitive bidding process, and substantially all of the business that we expect 
to seek in the foreseeable future likely will be subject to a competitive bidding process. Competitive bidding presents a number 
of risks, including:

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.
f.

g.

h.
i.
j.

k.

the need to compete against companies or teams of companies with more financial and marketing resources and more 
experience in bidding on and performing major contracts than we have;
the  need  to  compete  against  companies  or  teams  of  companies  that  may  be  long-term,  entrenched  incumbents  for  a 
particular contract for which we are competing and that have, as a result, greater domain expertise and better customer 
relations;
the need to compete to retain existing contracts that have in the past been awarded to us on a sole-source basis or that 
have been incumbent for a long time;
the award of contracts to providers offering solutions at the “lowest price technically acceptable,” which may lower the 
profit we may generate under a contract awarded using this pricing method or prevent us from submitting a bid for 
such work due to us deeming such work to be unprofitable;
the reduction of margins achievable under any contracts awarded to us;
the need to bid on some programs in advance of the completion of their specifications, which may result in unforeseen 
technological difficulties or increased costs that lower our profitability;
the substantial cost and managerial time and effort, including design, development and marketing activities, necessary 
to prepare bids and proposals for contracts that may not be awarded to us;
the need to develop, introduce and implement new and enhanced solutions to our customers’ needs;
the need to locate and contract with teaming partners and subcontractors;
the need to accurately estimate the resources and cost structure that will be required to perform any contract that we 
are awarded; and
long term agreements - changes in our cost profile over the life of a long-term agreement.

8

If SIFCO wins a contract, and upon expiration, the customer requires further services of the type provided by the contract, there 
is frequently a competitive rebidding process. There can be no assurance that we will win any particular bid, that we will win 
the  contract  at  the  same  profit  margin,  or  that  we  will  be  able  to  replace  business  lost  upon  expiration  or  completion  of  a 
contract.

If  SIFCO  is  unable  to  consistently  retain  existing  contracts  or  win  new  contract  awards,  our  business,  prospects,  financial 
condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

The Company may not receive the full amounts estimated under the contracts in our total backlog, which could reduce our 
sales  in  future  periods  below  the  levels  anticipated,  and  which  makes  backlog  an  uncertain  indicator  of  future  operating 
results.

As of September 30, 2023, our total backlog was $120.1 million. Orders may be canceled and scope adjustments may occur, 
and we may not realize the full amounts of sales that we anticipate in our backlog numbers. Further, there is no assurance that 
our customers will purchase all the orders represented in our backlog, due in part to the U.S. government’s ability to modify, 
curtail or terminate major programs. Additionally, the timing of receipt of orders, if any, on contracts included in our backlog 
could change. The failure to realize amounts reflected in our backlog could materially adversely affect our business, financial 
condition and results of operations in future periods.

SIFCO business is dependent on a few number of direct and indirect customers.

A substantial portion of SIFCO's business is conducted with a relatively small number of large direct and indirect customers. In 
fiscal  2023,  one  direct  customer  accounted  for  approximately  12%  percent  of  our  consolidated  net  sales  and  three  direct 
customers  and  their  direct  subcontractors  accounted  for  approximately  32%  of  the  Company’s  consolidated  net  sales.  A 
financial hardship experienced by any one of these key customers, the loss of any of them or a reduction in or substantial delay 
of orders from any of them could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The  Company's  failure  to  identify,  attract  and  retain  qualified  personnel  could  adversely  affect  our  existing  business, 
financial condition and results of operations.

SIFCO  may  not  be  able  to  identify,  attract  or  retain  qualified  technical  personnel,  sales  and  customer  service  personnel, 
employees with expertise in forging, or management personnel to supervise such activities. We may also not attract and retain 
employees who share the Company's core values, who can maintain and grow our existing business, and who are suited to work 
in a public company environment, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

The Company's business could be negatively affected by cybersecurity threats, information systems interruptions, intrusions 
or new software implementations and other disruptions.

SIFCO faces cyber threats, as well as the potential for business disruptions associated with information technology failures and 
interruptions,  new  software  implementation,  and  damaging  weather  or  other  acts  of  nature,  and  pandemics  or  other  public 
health crises, which may adversely affect our business.

Although we continue to review and enhance our systems and cybersecurity controls, SIFCO has experienced and expects to 
continue to experience cybersecurity threats, including threats to our information technology infrastructure and attempts to gain 
access  to  the  Company’s  sensitive  information,  as  do  our  customers,  suppliers  and  subcontractors.  Although  we  maintain 
information  security  policies  and  procedures  to  prevent,  detect,  and  mitigate  these  threats,  information  system  disruptions, 
equipment  failures  or  cybersecurity  attacks,  such  as  unauthorized  access,  malicious  software  and  other  intrusions,  could  still 
occur and may lead to potential data corruption, exposure of proprietary and confidential information. Further, while SIFCO 
works  cooperatively  with  its  customers,  suppliers  and  subcontractors  to  seek  to  minimize  the  impacts  of  cyber  threats,  other 
security threats or business disruptions, in addition to our internal processes, procedures and systems, it must also rely on the 
safeguards put in place by those entities.

Any  intrusion,  disruption,  breach  or  similar  event  may  cause  operational  stoppages,  fines,  penalties,  diminished  competitive 
advantages through reputational damages and increased operational costs. The costs related to cyber or other security threats or 
disruptions may not be fully mitigated by insurance or other means. 

We continue to provide for remote work for certain of our employees, which may increase our vulnerability to cyber and other 
information technology risks. In addition to existing risks, any adoption or deployment of new technologies via acquisitions or 
internal initiatives may increase our exposure to risks, breaches, or failures, which could materially adversely affect our results 
of operations or financial condition. Furthermore, the Company may have access to sensitive, confidential, or personal data or 
information that may be subject to privacy and security laws, regulations, or other contractually-imposed controls. Despite our 
use of reasonable and appropriate controls, material security breaches, theft, misplaced, lost or corrupted data, programming, or 

9

employee errors and/or malfeasance could lead to the compromise or improper use of such sensitive, confidential, or personal 
data or information, resulting in possible negative consequences, such as fines, ransom demands, penalties, loss of reputation, 
competitiveness  or  customers,  or  other  negative  consequences  resulting  in  adverse  impacts  to  our  results  of  operations  or 
financial condition. 

SIFCO relies on our suppliers to meet the quality and delivery expectations of our customers.

The  ability  to  deliver  SIFCO's  products  on  schedule  is  dependent  upon  a  variety  of  factors,  including  execution  of  internal 
performance  plans,  availability  of  raw  materials,  internal  and  supplier  produced  parts  and  structures,  conversion  of  raw 
materials into parts and assemblies, and performance of suppliers and others. We rely on numerous third-party suppliers for raw 
materials  and  a  large  proportion  of  the  components  used  in  our  production  process.  Certain  of  these  raw  materials  and 
components are available only from single sources or a limited number of suppliers, or similarly, customers’ specifications may 
require SIFCO to obtain raw materials and/or components from a single source or certain suppliers. Many of our suppliers are 
small  companies  with  limited  financial  resources  and  manufacturing  capabilities.  We  do  not  currently  have  the  ability  to 
manufacture these components ourselves. Consequently, we risk disruptions in our supply of key products and components if 
our suppliers fail or are unable to perform because of shortages in raw materials, operational problems, strikes, natural disasters, 
health crises or other factors. We have and may continue to experience delays in the delivery of such products as a result of 
increased demands and pressures on the supply chain, customs, labor issues, geopolitical pressures, disruptions associated with 
changes  in  political,  economic,  and  social  conditions,  weather,  laws  and  regulations.  Unfavorable  fluctuations  in  price, 
international  trade  policies,  quality,  delivery,  and  availability  of  these  products  could  continue  to  adversely  affect  the 
Company's ability to meet demands of customers and cause negative impacts to the Company's cost structure, profitability and 
its cash flow. If we were unsuccessful in obtaining those products from other sources or at comparable cost, a disruption in our 
supply chain could adversely affect our sales, earnings, financial condition, and liquidity.

We  may  have  disputes  with  our  vendors  arising  from,  among  other  things,  the  quality  of  products  and  services  or  customer 
concerns about the vendor. If any of our vendors fail to timely meet their contractual obligations or have regulatory compliance 
or  other  problems,  our  ability  to  fulfill  our  obligations  may  be  jeopardized.  Economic  downturns  can  adversely  affect  a 
vendor’s ability to manufacture or deliver products. Further, vendors may also be enjoined from manufacturing and distributing 
products  to  us  as  a  result  of  litigation  filed  by  third  parties,  including  intellectual  property  litigation.  If  SIFCO  were  to 
experience  difficulty  in  obtaining  certain  products,  there  could  be  an  adverse  effect  on  its  results  of  operations  and  on  its 
customer relationships and our reputation. Additionally, our key vendors could also increase pricing of their products, which 
could negatively affect our ability to win contracts by offering competitive prices.

Any  material  supply  disruptions  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  perform  our  obligations  under  our  contracts  and  could 
result  in  cancellation  of  contracts  or  purchase  orders,  penalties,  delays  in  realizing  revenues,  and  payment  delays,  as  well  as 
adversely affect our ongoing product cost structure.

Failure to perform by our subcontractors could materially and adversely affect our contract performance and its ability to 
obtain future business.

The  performance  of  contracts  often  involves  subcontractors,  upon  which  we  rely  to  complete  delivery  of  products  to  our 
customers.  SIFCO  may  have  disputes  with  subcontractors.  A  failure  by  a  subcontractor  to  satisfactorily  deliver  products  can 
adversely affect our ability to perform our obligations as a prime contractor. Any subcontractor performance deficiencies could 
result in the customer terminating our contract for default, which could expose us to liability for excess costs of re-procurement 
by the customer and have a material adverse effect on our ability to compete for other contracts.

The Company's future success depends on the ability to meet the needs of its customer requirements in a timely manner.

The Company believes that the commercial A&E markets in which we operate require sophisticated manufacturing and system-
integration techniques and capabilities using composite and metallic materials. The Company’s success depends to a significant 
extent on our ability to acquire, develop, execute and maintain such sophisticated techniques and capabilities to meet the needs 
of our customers and to bring those products to market quickly and at cost-effective prices.  If we are unable to acquire and/or 
develop, execute and maintain such techniques and capabilities, we may experience an adverse effect to our business, financial 
condition or results of operation.

The  Company  faces  certain  significant  risk  exposures  and  potential  liabilities  that  may  not  be  covered  adequately  by 
insurance or indemnity.

We  are  exposed  to  liabilities  that  are  unique  to  the  products  we  provide.  While  we  maintain  insurance  for  certain  risks,  the 
amount  of  insurance  or  indemnity  may  not  be  adequate  to  cover  all  claims  or  liabilities,  and  we  may  be  forced  to  bear 
substantial  costs  from  an  accident  or  incident.  It  also  is  not  possible  for  SIFCO  to  obtain  insurance  to  protect  against  all 
operational risks and liabilities. Substantial claims resulting from an incident in excess of the indemnification we receive and 

10

our  insurance  coverage  would  harm  our  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows.  Moreover,  any  accident  or 
incident for which we are liable, even if fully insured, could negatively affect our standing with our customers and the public, 
thereby  making  it  more  difficult  for  us  to  compete  effectively,  and  could  significantly  impact  the  cost  and  availability  of 
adequate insurance in the future.

The Company's business is subject to risks associated with international operations.

SIFCO  has  operations  in  Maniago,  Italy  and  operates  internationally.  A  number  of  risks  inherent  in  international  operations 
could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, including:

a.

b.
c.

d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.

l.

fluctuations  in  U.S.  dollar  value  arising  from  transactions  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  and  the  translation  of 
certain foreign currency subsidiary balances;
difficulties in staffing and managing multi-national operations;
general economic and political uncertainties and potential for social unrest in countries in which we or our customers 
operate;
other deterioration of economic conditions, including the effect of inflation on our customers and suppliers;
limitations on our ability to enforce legal rights and remedies;
restrictions on the repatriation of funds;
changes in trade policies, laws, regulations, political leadership and environment, and/or security risks;
tariff regulations;
difficulties in obtaining export and import licenses and compliance with export/import controls and regulations;
the risk of government financed competition;
compliance with a variety of international laws as well as U.S. regulations, rules and practices affecting the activities 
of companies abroad; and
difficulties in managing and staffing international operations and the required infrastructure costs, including legal, tax, 
accounting, and information technology.

We operate in a highly competitive and price sensitive industry, and customer pricing pressures could reduce the demand 
and/or price for our products and services.

The  end-user  markets  SIFCO  serves  are  highly  competitive  and  price  sensitive.  We  compete  globally  with  a  number  of 
domestic  and  international  companies  that  have  substantially  greater  manufacturing,  purchasing,  marketing  and  financial 
resources  than  we  do.  Many  of  SIFCO's  customers  have  the  in-house  capability  to  fulfill  their  manufacturing  requirements. 
SIFCO's  larger  competitors  may  be  able  to  vie  more  effectively  for  very  large-scale  contracts  than  we  can  by  providing 
different  or  greater  capabilities  or  benefits  such  as  technical  qualifications,  past  performance  on  large-scale  contracts, 
geographic presence, price and availability of key professional personnel. If SIFCO is unable to successfully compete for new 
business, our net sales growth and operating margins may decline. Competitive pricing pressures may have an adverse effect on 
our  financial  condition  and  operating  results.  Further,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  competition  from  existing  or  potential 
competitors will not have a material adverse effect on our financial results. If SIFCO does not continue to compete effectively 
and win contracts, our future business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to meet its financial obligations 
may be materially compromised.

The Company uses estimates when pricing contracts and any changes in such estimates could have an adverse effect on our 
profitability and our overall financial performance.

When agreeing to contractual terms, some of which extend for multiple years, SIFCO makes assumptions and projections about 
future conditions and events. These projections assess the productivity and availability of labor, complexity of the work to be 
performed, cost and availability of materials, impact of delayed performance and timing of product deliveries. Contract pricing 
requires judgment relative to assessing risks, estimating contract revenues and costs, and making assumptions for schedule and 
technical issues. Due to the size and nature of many of our contracts, the estimation of total revenues and costs at completion is 
complicated  and  subject  to  many  variables.  For  example,  assumptions  are  made  regarding  the  length  of  time  to  complete  a 
contract  since  costs  also  include  expected  increases  in  wages,  prices  for  materials  and  allocated  fixed  costs.  Similarly, 
assumptions are made regarding the future impact of our efficiency initiatives and cost reduction efforts. Incentives, awards or 
penalties related to performance on contracts are considered in estimating revenue and profit rates and are recorded when there 
is sufficient information to assess anticipated performance. Suppliers' assertions are also assessed and considered in estimating 
costs and profit rates.

Because of the significance of the judgment and estimation processes described above, it is possible that materially different 
amounts could be obtained if different assumptions were used or if the underlying circumstances were to change. Changes in 
underlying assumptions, circumstances or estimates may have a material adverse effect upon the profitability of one or more of 
the affected contracts, future period financial reporting and performance, as pass through pricing is not always permissible.  

11

Our technologies could become obsolete, reducing our revenues and profitability.

Technologies related to our products have undergone, and in the future may undergo, significant changes and the future of our 
business  will  depend  in  large  part  upon  the  continuing  relevance  of  our  forging  capabilities.  SIFCO  could  encounter 
competition  from  new  or  revised  technologies  that  render  its  technologies  and  equipment  less  profitable  or  obsolete  in  our 
chosen markets and our operating results may suffer.

If  the  Company  fails  to  maintain  an  effective  system  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  it  may  not  be  able  to 
accurately or timely report its financial results. As a result, current and potential shareholders could lose confidence in the 
Company's financial reporting, which would harm the business and the trading price of its common stock. 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, among other things, requires that we maintain effective internal controls for financial reporting and 
disclosure controls and procedures. In particular, we must perform system and process evaluations and testing of our internal 
controls  over  financial  reporting  to  allow  management  to  report  on  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  controls  over  financial 
reporting,  as  required  by  Section  404  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act.  Compliance  with  Section  404  may  require  that  we  incur 
substantial  accounting  expenses  and  expend  significant  management  efforts.  Our  testing  has,  as  described  below,  and  in  the 
future may reveal deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses. In the 
event we identify significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our internal controls that we cannot remediate in a timely 
manner,  the  market  price  of  our  stock  could  decline  if  investors  and  others  lose  confidence  in  the  reliability  of  our  financial 
statements and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other applicable regulatory authorities.

As  further  described  in  Item  9A  in  our  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  September  30,  2023, 
management determined that SIFCO’s internal control over financial reporting and its disclosure controls and procedures were 
not  effective.  Management  identified  deficiencies  in  its  oversight  and  backup  and  recovery  controls  that  represent  a  material 
weakness  in  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Until  remediated,  this  material  weakness  could  result  in  a  material 
misstatement  to  the  annual  or  interim  consolidated  financial  statements  that  would  not  be  prevented  or  detected  on  a  timely 
basis.  As  with  any  internal  control  deficiency,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  remedial  measures  will  be  successful  or 
otherwise  sufficient  to  address  the  material  weakness.  If  the  Company  is  unable  to  remediate  the  material  weakness,  or  is 
otherwise  unable  to  maintain  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  or  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  if 
additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting are discovered or occur 
in  the  future,  the  Company’s  ability  to  record,  process  and  report  financial  information  accurately,  and  to  prepare  financial 
statements  within  required  time  periods,  could  be  adversely  affected,  which  could  subject  the  Company  to  litigation  or 
investigations requiring management resources and payment of legal and other expenses, including civil penalties, negatively 
affect investor confidence in our financial statements and adversely impact our stock price.

Labor disruptions by our employees or personnel turnover and/or shortage could adversely affect our business.

As of September 30, 2023, we employed approximately 378 people. We face competition for management and employees from 
other  companies  and  organizations.  If  we  continue  to  experience  turnover  and/or  are  unable  to  quickly  hire  employees  and 
subsequently retain our workforce, or we experience a significant or prolonged work stoppage in such an environment, we may 
experience  increased  costs,  such  as  increased  overtime  to  meet  demand  and  increased  wage  rates  to  attract  and  retain 
employees, and our ability to secure new work and our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. 
Additionally,  two  of  our  locations  are  parties  to  collective  bargaining  agreements.  Although  we  have  not  experienced  any 
material labor-related work stoppage and consider our relations with our employees to be good, labor stoppages may occur in 
the  future.  If  the  unionized  workers  were  to  engage  in  a  strike  or  other  work  stoppage,  or  if  SIFCO  is  unable  to  negotiate 
acceptable  collective  bargaining  agreements  with  the  unions,  or  if  other  employees  were  to  become  unionized,  we  could 
experience a significant disruption of our operations, higher ongoing labor costs and possible loss of customer contracts, which 
could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

The  price  and  availability  of  oil  and  other  energy  sources  worldwide  could  adversely  impact  our  results  of  operations. 
Unexpected  pricing  of  fuel  or  a  shortage  of,  or  disruption  in,  the  supply  of  fuel  or  other  energy  sources  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on our and our customers' business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our results of operations can be directly affected, positively and negatively, by volatility in the cost and availability of energy, 
which is subject to global supply and demand and other factors beyond our control. The ongoing conflict between Russia and 
Ukraine has impacted global energy markets, particularly in Europe, leading to high volatility and increasing prices for crude 
oil, natural gas and other energy supplies. Our customers' businesses are significantly impacted by the availability and pricing 
of  fuel.  Weather-related  events,  natural  disasters,  terrorism,  wars,  political  disruption  or  instability  involving  oil-producing 
countries, changes in governmental or cartel policy concerning crude oil or aircraft fuel production, labor strikes, cyberattacks 
or  other  events  affecting  refinery  production,  transportation,  taxes,  marketing,  environmental  concerns,  market  manipulation, 
price speculation and other unpredictable events may drive actual or perceived fuel supply shortages. In particular, the recent 

12

conflict between Russia and Ukraine has caused shortages in the availability of fuel. In the event that the supply of natural gas 
from Russia stops or is significantly reduced, there may be supply disruptions, increased prices, shutdowns of manufacturing 
facilities, or further rationing of energy supply within countries where we and/or our customers do business, which could have a 
material adverse impact on our and our customers' business or results of operations in those countries.

Risks Related to Financial Matters

A decline in operating results or access to financing may have an adverse impact on our liquidity position. 
Our  ability  to  make  required  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  our  debt  will  depend  in  part  on  our  future  performance, 
which, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, political and other factors, some of which are 
beyond our control. Accordingly, conditions could arise that could limit our ability to generate sufficient cash flows or to access 
borrowings to enable us to fund our liquidity needs, which could further limit our financial flexibility or impair our ability to 
obtain  alternative  financing  sufficient  to  repay  our  debt  at  maturity.  We  believe  that  our  cash  on  hand,  together  with  funds 
generated  by  our  operations  and  borrowings  under  our  existing  credit  facilities,  will  provide  us  with  sufficient  liquidity  and 
capital resources to meet our operating needs for the foreseeable future. Significant assumptions underlie this belief however, 
including,  among  other  things,  assumptions  relating  to  future  sales  volumes,  the  successful  implementation  of  our  business 
strategies  and  that  there  will  be  no  material  adverse  developments  in  our  competitive  market  position,  business,  liquidity  or 
capital requirements. In the event that we do not have sufficient liquidity, we may be required to seek additional capital, reduce 
or cut back our operating activities, capital expenditures or otherwise alter our business strategy. If we obtain additional capital 
by  issuing  equity,  the  interests  of  our  existing  stockholders  will  be  diluted.  If  we  incur  additional  debt,  the  agreements 
governing  that  debt  may  contain  significant  financial  and  other  covenants  that  may  materially  restrict  our  operations.  The 
Company may not be able to obtain refinancing or additional financing on favorable terms or at all. 

The Company has identified certain risks related to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. See Note 1, Going 
Concern for further information.

Our indebtedness and restrictive covenants under our credit facilities could limit our operational and financial flexibility. 

We have incurred indebtedness, and may incur additional debt in the future. Our ability to make interest and scheduled principal 
payments and operate within restrictive covenants could be adversely impacted by changes in the availability, terms and cost of 
capital,  changes  in  interest  rates  or  changes  in  our  credit  ratings  or  our  outlook.  These  changes  could  increase  our  cost  of 
business,  limiting  our  ability  to  pursue  acquisition  opportunities,  react  to  market  conditions  and  meet  operational  and  capital 
needs, thereby placing us at a competitive disadvantage. 

Global economic conditions may adversely impact our business, operating results or financial condition.

Disruption and volatility in global financial markets may lead to increased rates of default and bankruptcy and may negatively 
impact consumer and business spending levels. Current or potential customers may delay or decrease spending on our products 
and  services  as  their  business  and/or  budgets  are  impacted  by  economic  conditions.  The  inability  of  current  and  potential 
customers to pay SIFCO for its products and services may adversely affect its earnings and cash flows.

Further, we are exposed to fluctuations in inflation, which could negatively affect our business, financial condition and results 
of operation. The United States and other jurisdictions have recently experienced high levels of inflation. If the inflation rate 
continues  to  increase,  it  will  likely  affect  our  expenses,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  employee  compensation  and  labor 
expenses and increased costs for supplies, and we may not be successful in offsetting such cost increases.

We  cannot  predict  changes  in  worldwide  or  regional  economic  conditions  and  government  policies,  as  such  conditions  are 
highly volatile and beyond our control. If these conditions deteriorate for extended periods, however, our business, results of 
operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

The funding and costs associated with our pension plans and significant changes in key estimates and assumptions, such as 
discount  rates  and  assumed  long-term  returns  on  assets,  actual  investment  returns  on  our  pension  plan  assets,  and 
legislative and regulatory actions could affect our earnings, equity and contributions to our pension plans in future periods.

Certain of the Company's employees are covered by its noncontributory defined benefit pension plans (“Plans”). The impact of 
these Plans on our earnings may be volatile in that the amount of expense we record and may materially change from year to 
year  because  those  calculations  are  sensitive  to  changes  in  several  key  economic  assumptions,  including  discount  rates, 
inflation, expected return on plan assets, retirement rates and mortality rates. These pension costs are dependent on significant 
judgment in the use of various estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to the discount rate and expected long-term 
rates of return on plan assets. Changes to these estimates and assumptions could have a material adverse effect on our financial 
position, results of operations or cash flows. Differences between actual investment returns and our assumed long-term returns 

13

on assets will result in changes in future pension expense and the funded status of our Plans, and could increase future funding 
of the Plans. Changes in these factors affect our plan funding, cash flows, earnings, and shareholders’ equity. Additionally, the 
Company  contributed  to  a  multi-employer  retirement  plan.  While  the  Company  withdrew  from  this  plan  to  mitigate  future 
costs, the Company may be subject to liability in connection with such withdrawal (see Note 8, Retirement Benefit Plans).

Market  volatility  and  adverse  capital  or  credit  market  conditions  may  affect  our  ability  to  access  cost-effective  sources  of 
funding and may expose SIFCO to risks associated with the financial viability of suppliers.

The  financial  markets  can  experience  high  levels  of  volatility  and  disruption,  reducing  the  availability  of  credit  for  certain 
issuers and the financial markets have undergone significant volatility in reaction to various macroeconomic factors. 

The  tightening  of  the  credit  market  and  standards,  as  well  as  capital  market  volatility,  could  negatively  impact  our  ability  to 
obtain additional debt financing on terms equivalent to our existing Credit Agreement. Capital market uncertainty and volatility, 
together with the Company’s market capitalization and status as a smaller reporting company, could also negatively impact our 
ability to obtain capital market financing or bank financing on favorable terms, or at all, which could have a material adverse 
effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Tightening credit markets could also adversely affect our suppliers' ability to obtain financing. Delays in suppliers' ability to 
obtain financing, or the unavailability of financing, could negatively affect their ability to perform their contracts with SIFCO 
and cause our inability to meet our contract obligations. The inability of our suppliers to obtain financing could also result in the 
need for us to transition to alternate suppliers, which could result in significant incremental costs and delays.

A write-off of all or part of our goodwill or other intangible assets could adversely affect our operating results and net worth. 

Goodwill  and  other  intangible  assets  are  a  component  of  our  assets.  At  September  30,  2023,  goodwill  was  $3.5  million  and 
other  intangible  assets  were  $0.3  million  of  our  total  assets  of  $96.5  million.  We  may  have  to  write  off  all  or  part  of  our 
goodwill  or  other  intangible  assets  if  their  value  becomes  impaired.  Although  this  write-off  would  be  a  non-cash  charge,  it 
could reduce our earnings and our financial condition.

General Risks

Our business is subject to risks associated with widespread public health crises.

We  have  continued  to  see  a  prolonged  residual  impact  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  on  the  economy,  our  industry,  and  our 
business,  with  increased  challenges  for  customers,  labor  shortages,  supply  chain  disruptions,  and  increasing  inflation,  among 
others.

The pandemic has affected and is expected to continue to affect certain elements of our operations and business. As a result, we 
have  been  operating  in  industries  which  continue  to  be  impacted  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  As  a  result  of  the  residual 
impacts  of  the  pandemic,  we  may  in  the  future  experience,  production  site  shutdowns,  and  workplace  disruptions  and 
restrictions on the movement of people, raw materials and goods, both at our own facilities and at the facilities operated by our 
customers and suppliers. Further or a more prolonged suspension of operations or delayed recovery in our operations, and/or 
any similar suspension of operations or delayed recovery at one or more of our key suppliers, or the failure of any of our key 
suppliers,  would  result  in  further  challenges  to  our  business,  leading  to  a  further  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business, 
financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We expect to continue to experience unpredictable changes in demand from the markets we serve. The A&E industries continue 
to be negatively impacted by the residual impacts of  the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects as a result of various restrictions 
on  air  travel,  supply  chain  disruptions  and  labor  shortages.  These  factors  have  caused  reductions  in  demand  for  commercial 
aircraft, which have adversely impacted our net sales and operating results and may continue to do so for an extended period of 
time. Further, an overall reduction in business activity as a result of the disruption previously led to a softening of the energy 
market.  If  the  residual  impact  of  the  pandemic  continues  and/or  conditions  worsen,  we  may  experience  additional  adverse 
impacts on our operations, costs, customer orders, and collections of accounts receivable, which may be material. While we are 
unable to predict the magnitude of the impact of these factors at this time, the loss of, or significant reduction in, purchases by 
our large customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Additionally,  the  residual  impacts  of  the  pandemic  could  lead  to  an  extended  disruption  of  economic  activity  whereby  the 
impact  on  our  consolidated  results  of  operations,  financial  position  and  cash  flows  could  be  material.  While  the  potential 
economic impact brought by and the duration of the residual impacts of the coronavirus outbreak may be difficult to assess or 
predict, the resurgence of a widespread pandemic could result in significant or sustained disruption of global financial markets, 
reducing our ability to access capital, which could in the future negatively affect our liquidity. While the Company believes it 

14

has adequate cash/liquidity available to finance its operations, our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay 
interest  on  or  to  refinance  our  indebtedness,  depends  on  our  future  performance,  which  is  subject  to  general  economic, 
financial, competitive and other factors (including the continued residual impact of COVID-19) beyond our control. In addition, 
while we believe we have taken appropriate steps to maintain a safe workplace to protect our employees from contracting and 
spreading the coronavirus, we may not be able to prevent the spread of the virus among our employees, face litigation or other 
proceedings making claims related to unsafe working conditions, inadequate protection of our employees or other claims. Any 
of  these  claims,  even  if  without  merit,  could  result  in  costly  litigation  or  divert  management's  attention  and  resources. 
Furthermore, we may face a sustained disruption to our operations due to one or more of the factors described above.

The price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly.

An active, liquid and orderly market for our common stock may not be sustained, which could depress the trading price of our 
common stock.

Volatility in the market price of our common stock may prevent you from being able to sell your shares at or above the price 
you  paid  for  your  shares  or  at  all.  The  market  price  of  our  common  stock  could  fluctuate  significantly  for  various  reasons, 
which include:

a.
b.

c.
d.
e.
f.

g.

h.
i.
j.

our quarterly or annual earnings or those of our competitors or our significant customers;
the  public’s  reaction  to  our  press  releases,  our  other  public  announcements  and  our  filings  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission;
changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by research analysts who track the stocks of our competitors;
new laws or regulations or new interpretations of laws or regulations applicable to our business;
changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;
changes  in  general  conditions  in  the  domestic  and  global  economies  or  financial  markets,  including  those  resulting 
from war, incidents of terrorism, health crises or responses to such events;
litigation involving our company or investigations or audits by regulators into the operations of our company or our 
competitors;
strategic action by our competitors;
sales of common stock by our directors, executive officers and significant shareholders; and
our stock being closely held by insider holdings and is thinly traded which impacts price volatility.

In addition, the stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated 
or  disproportionate  to  the  operating  performance  of  those  companies.  Broad  market  and  industry  factors  may  significantly 
affect  the  market  price  of  our  common  stock,  regardless  of  actual  operating  performance.  In  addition,  in  the  past,  following 
periods  of  volatility  in  the  overall  market  and  the  market  price  of  a  particular  company’s  securities,  securities  class  action 
litigation  has  often  been  instituted  against  these  companies.  If  litigation  is  instituted  against  us,  it  could  result  in  substantial 
costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

Unanticipated changes in our tax provisions or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could affect our profitability and 
cash flow.

SIFCO is subject to income taxes in the United States, Italy and Ireland. Significant judgment is required in determining our 
provision for income taxes. In the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate 
tax determination is uncertain. Changes in applicable income tax laws and regulations, or their interpretation, could result in 
higher or lower income tax rates or changes in the taxability of certain sales or the deductibility of certain expenses, thereby 
affecting our income tax expense and profitability. In addition, the final results of any tax audits or related litigation could be 
materially different from our related historical income tax provisions and accruals. Additionally, changes in our tax rate as a 
result  of  changes  in  our  overall  profitability,  changes  in  tax  legislation,  changes  in  the  valuation  of  deferred  tax  assets  and 
liabilities, changes in differences between financial reporting income and taxable income, the examination of previously filed 
tax returns by taxing authorities and continuing assessments of our tax exposures can also impact our tax liabilities and affect 
our income tax expense, profitability and cash flow.

Damage or destruction of our facilities caused by storms, earthquakes or other causes could adversely affect our financial 
results and financial condition.

We  have  operations  located  in  regions  of  the  world  that  may  be  exposed  to  damaging  storms,  earthquakes  and  other  natural 
disasters as well as other events outside of our control, such as fires, floods and other catastrophic events. We maintain standard 
property  casualty  insurance  coverage  for  our  properties  and  may  be  able  to  recover  costs  associated  with  certain  natural 
disasters through insurance; however, even if covered by insurance, any significant damage or destruction of our facilities due 
to  such  events  could  result  in  our  inability  to  meet  customer  delivery  schedules  and  may  result  in  the  loss  of  customers  and 

15

significant  additional  costs  to  SIFCO.  Thus,  any  significant  damage  or  destruction  of  our  properties  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The occurrence of litigation where we could be named as a defendant is unpredictable.

From time to time, we are involved in various legal and other proceedings that are incidental to the conduct of our business. 
While we believe no current proceedings, if adversely determined, could have a material adverse effect on our financial results, 
no assurances can be given. Any such claims may divert financial and management resources that would otherwise be used to 
benefit our operations and could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.

Our operations are subject to environmental laws, and complying with those laws may cause us to incur significant costs. 

Our operations and facilities are subject to numerous stringent environmental laws and regulations. Although we believe that 
we are in compliance with these laws and regulations, future changes in these laws, regulations or interpretations of them, or 
changes in the nature of our operations may require us to make significant capital expenditures to ensure compliance. 

Item 2. Properties

The Company’s property, plant and equipment include the facilities described below and a substantial quantity of machinery 
and equipment, most of which consists of industry specific machinery and equipment using special dies, jigs, tools and fixtures 
and in many instances having automatic control features and special adaptations. In general, the Company’s property, plant and 
equipment are in good operating condition, are well maintained, and its facilities are in regular use. The Company considers its 
investment in property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2023 suitable and adequate given the current product offerings 
for  the  respective  operations  in  the  current  business  environment.  The  square  footage  numbers  set  forth  in  the  following 
paragraph are approximations:

•

SIFCO operates and manufactures in multiple facilities—(i) an owned 280,000 square foot facility located in 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  which  is  also  the  site  of  the  Company’s  corporate  headquarters,  (ii)  leased  facilities 
aggregating  approximately  70,500  square  feet  located  in  Orange,  California,  and  (iii)  owned  facilities 
aggregating approximately 91,000 square feet located in Maniago, Italy.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Company  may  be  involved  in  ordinary,  routine  legal  actions.  The  Company  cannot 
reasonably  estimate  future  costs,  if  any,  related  to  these  matters  and  does  not  believe  any  such  matters  are  material  to  its 
financial condition or results of operations. The Company maintains various liability insurance coverages to protect its assets 
from  losses  arising  out  of  or  involving  activities  associated  with  ongoing  and  normal  business  operations;  however,  it  is 
possible that the Company’s future operating results could be affected by future costs of litigation. See Note 11, Commitments 
and Contingencies, for more information regarding the legal proceedings in which the Company is involved.

Item 4A. Executive Officers of the Registrant

Set  forth  below  is  certain  information  concerning  the  Company's  executive  officers.  The  executive  officers  are  appointed 
annually by the Board of Directors.

•

•

Peter W. Knapper - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thomas R. Kubera - Chief Financial Officer

Name
Peter W. Knapper

Thomas R. Kubera

Age Title and Business Experience
62

President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  since  June  2016.  Prior  to  joining  SIFCO,  Mr.  Knapper 
worked  for  the  TECT  Corporation,  holding  positions  including  Vice  President  of  Operations  of 
TECT  Power,  Corporate  Director  of  Strategy  and  Site  Development,  and  President  of  TECT 
Aerospace.  In  addition,  Mr.  Knapper  held  progressive  leadership  roles  for  other  companies 
including Rolls Royce Energy Systems, Inc., a subsidiary of Rolls-Royce Holdings plc, and GE 
Aircraft Engines. Mr. Knapper has 38 years of experience in Aerospace and related industries.

64 Chief Financial Officer since August 8, 2018. Prior to his appointment, Mr. Kubera was Interim 
Chief Financial Officer from July 1, 2017 to August 7, 2018 and Chief Accounting Officer since 
January  31,  2018.  Mr.  Kubera  was  Corporate  Controller  from  May  2014  and  had  served  as 
Interim  Chief  Financial  Officer  from  April  2015  to  May  2015.  Prior  to  joining  SIFCO,  Mr. 
Kubera was previously at Cleveland-Cliffs, Inc. (previously known as Cliffs Natural Resources, 
Inc.)  from  April  2005  through  2014,  most  recently  as  the  Controller  of  Global  Operations 
Services. He also held several assistant controller positions and was a Senior Manager of External 
Reporting while at Cleveland-Cliffs, Inc.   

16

PART II

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K may contain various forward-looking statements and includes assumptions concerning the 
Company’s operations, future results and prospects. The words "will," "may," "designed to," "outlook," "believes," "should," 
"anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends," "estimates," "forecasts" and similar expressions identify certain of these forward-
looking  statements.  These  forward-looking  statements  are  based  on  current  expectations  and  are  subject  to  risk  and 
uncertainties.  In  connection  with  the  “safe  harbor”  provisions  of  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995,  the 
Company provides this cautionary statement identifying important economic, political and technological factors, among others, 
the absence or effect of which could cause the actual results or events to differ materially from those set forth in or implied by 
the  forward-looking  statements  and  related  assumptions.  Such  factors  include  the  following:  (1)  the  impact  on  business 
conditions in general, and on the demand for product in the aerospace and energy (or "A&E") industries in particular, of the 
global economic outlook, including the continuation of military spending at or near current levels and the availability of capital 
and  liquidity  from  banks,  the  financial  markets  and  other  providers  of  credit;  (2)  the  future  business  environment,  including 
capital and consumer spending; (3) competitive factors, including the ability to replace business that may be lost at comparable 
margins; (4) metals and commodities price increases and the Company’s ability to recover such price increases; (5) successful 
development and market introduction of new products and services; (6) continued reliance on consumer acceptance of regional 
and business aircraft powered by more fuel efficient turboprop engines; (7) continued reliance on military spending, in general, 
and/or  several  major  customers,  in  particular,  for  revenues;  (8)  the  impact  on  future  contributions  to  the  Company’s  defined 
benefit pension plans due to changes in actuarial assumptions, government regulations and the market value of plan assets; (9) 
stable governments, business conditions, laws, regulations and taxes in economies where business is conducted; (10) the ability 
to successfully integrate businesses that may be acquired into the Company’s operations; (11) cyber and other security threats 
or disruptions faced by us, our customers or our suppliers and other partners; (12) our exposure to additional risks as a result of 
our international business, including risks related to geopolitical and economic factors, suppliers, laws and regulations; (13) the 
ability  to  maintain  a  qualified  workforce;  (14)  the  adequacy  and  availability  of  our  insurance  coverage;  (15)  our  ability  to 
develop new products and technologies and maintain technologies, facilities, and equipment to win new competitions and meet 
the needs of our customers; (16) our ability to realize amounts in our backlog; (17) investigations, claims, disputes, enforcement 
actions, litigation and/or other legal proceedings; (18) extraordinary or force majeure events affecting the business or operations 
of our business (19) the continued long term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related residual negative impact on the 
global economy, which may exacerbate the above factors and/or impact our results of operations and financial condition; and 
(20)  in  connection  with  its  entry  into  the  Ninth  Amendment  (the  "Ninth  Amendment")  to  its  Credit  Agreement  and  Fourth 
Amendment  (the  "Fourth  Amendment")  to  its  Export  Credit  Agreement,  and  as  a  condition  to  the  consummation  by  the 
Company’s senior lender of the transactions contemplated thereby: (a) the Company incurred a secured subordinated loan from 
Garnet  Holdings,  Inc.,  a  California  corporation  owned  and  controlled  by  Mark  J.  Silk  (“GHI”)  (Mr.  Silk  is  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  and  considered  a  related  party),  in  the  original  principal  amount  of  $3.0  million,  which 
subordinated  loan  is  subject  to  the  terms  and  conditions  of  an  Intercreditor  and  Subordination  Agreement  by  and  among  the 
Company, GHI and the Company’s senior lender; and (b) Mr. Silk executed and delivered a personal guaranty in favor of the 
Company’s senior lender of certain Company indebtedness under the Credit Agreement and the Export Credit Agreement. The 
Company is evaluating available financial alternatives, including obtaining acceptable alternative financing. If the Company is 
unable  to  restructure  existing  debt  obligations,  obtain  capital  or  enter  into  a  strategic  alternative  transaction  which  provides 
sufficient funding for the refinancing of its outstanding indebtedness prior to the maturity date of its obligations by the terms of 
the  Ninth  Amendment,  the  lender  under  the  Credit  Agreement  may  choose  to  accelerate  repayment.  The  Company  cannot 
provide assurances that it will be successful in restructuring the existing debt obligations, obtaining capital or entering into a 
strategic alternative transaction which provides sufficient funding for the refinancing of its outstanding indebtedness prior to the 
maturity date of its obligations under the Credit Agreements.

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities

The Company’s Common Shares are traded on the NYSE American exchange under the symbol “SIF.”

Dividends and Shareholders

The Company did not declare a cash dividend during fiscal 2023 or fiscal 2022. The Company will continue to evaluate the 
payment of dividends annually based on its relative profitability, available resources, and investment strategies. The Company 
currently  intends  to  retain  a  significant  majority  of  its  earnings  for  operations,  focusing  on  its  long-term  plan  and  growth. 
Additionally, the Company’s ability to declare or pay cash dividends is limited by its credit agreement.  At November 30, 2023, 
there were approximately 298 shareholders of record of the Company’s Common Shares, as reported by Computershare, Inc., 
the  Company’s  Transfer  Agent  and  Registrar,  which  maintains  its  U.S.  corporate  offices  at  250  Royall  Street,  Canton,  MA 
02021.  

17

Reference  Part  III,  Item  12.  “Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  Management  and  Related  Stockholder 
Matters” for information related to the Company’s equity compensation plans.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

SIFCO is engaged in the production of forgings and machined and sub-assembled components primarily for the Aerospace and 
Defense,  Energy  and  Commercial  Space  markets.  The  processes  and  services  include  forging,  heat-treating,  chemical 
processing and machining.  The Company operates under one business segment.

When  planning  and  evaluating  its  business  operations,  the  Company  takes  into  consideration  certain  factors,  including  the 
following:  (i)  the  projected  build  rate  for  commercial,  business  and  military  aircraft,  as  well  as  the  engines  that  power  such 
aircraft; (ii) the projected build rate for industrial steam and gas turbine engines; and (iii) the projected maintenance, repair and 
overhaul schedules for commercial, business and military aircraft, as well as the engines that power such aircraft.

The Company operates within a cost structure that includes a significant fixed component. Therefore, higher net sales volumes 
are expected to result in greater operating income because such higher volumes allow the business operations to better leverage 
the fixed component of their respective cost structures. Conversely, the opposite effect is expected to occur at lower net sales 
and related production volumes.

A.  

Overview

Results of Operations

The Company produces forged components for (i) turbine engines that power commercial, business and regional aircraft as well 
as military aircraft and armored military vehicles; (ii) airframe applications for a variety of aircraft; (iii) industrial gas and steam 
turbine engines for power generation units; and (iv) other commercial applications. 

Cybersecurity Incident

As reported on Forms 8-K filed January 6, 2023 and February 10, 2023, the Company became aware of unauthorized access to 
the  Company's  systems  on  December  30,  2022.  The  Company’s  domestic  operations  were  impacted  by  this  Cybersecurity 
Incident  which  resulted  in  production  delays  and  delayed  shipments  due  to  information  access  limitations.  The  Company 
initiated response protocols and an investigation, engaging cyber security experts to assist with the assessment of the incident 
and to help determine what data was impacted. The Company has since completed data recovery and restoration from the cyber 
incident. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies.

Fiscal Year 2023 Compared with Fiscal Year 2022

Net Sales  

Net sales comparative information for fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively, is as follows:

(Dollars in millions)

Net Sales
Aerospace components for:
Fixed wing aircraft
Rotorcraft

Energy components for power generation units
Commercial product and other revenue

Total

Years Ended
September 30,

2023

2022

Year Over 
Year Increase
(Decrease)

$ 

$ 

40.1  $ 
16.4 
23.0 
7.5 
87.0  $ 

39.5  $ 
15.6 
17.4 
11.4 
83.9  $ 

0.6 
0.8 
5.6 
(3.9) 
3.1 

Net  sales  in  fiscal  2023  increased  3.7%,  or  $3.1  million  to  $87.0  million,  compared  with  $83.9  million  in  fiscal  2022.  The 
timing  of  shipments,  coupled  with  increased  demand  in  the  steam  turbine  power  generation  market,  have  contributed  to  the 
increase in deliveries in fiscal 2023 than in fiscal 2022. Fixed wing aircraft sales increased $0.6 million compared with the same 
period last year primarily due to F35, 737 and 787 programs. Rotorcraft sales increased $0.8 million in fiscal 2023 compared to 
the  same  period  in  fiscal  2022  primarily  due  to  commercial  and  Blackhawk  programs.  The  energy  components  for  power 
generation units increased $5.6 million compared with the same period last year due to growth in the steam turbine markets. 
Commercial  products  and  other  revenue  decreased  $3.9  million  in  fiscal  2023  compared  to  the  same  period  in  fiscal  2022, 
primarily due to timing of orders related to a munitions program partially offset by an increase in commercial space.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial net sales were 55.6% of total net sales and military net sales were 44.4% of total net sales in fiscal 2023, compared 
with 47.4% and 52.6%, respectively, in the comparable period in fiscal 2022. Commercial net sales increased $8.6 million to 
$48.4 million in fiscal 2023, compared to $39.8 million in fiscal 2022 primarily due to growth in the energy components for 
power generation units (steam turbine markets) and the increase in build rates in the commercial aerospace industry. Military 
net sales decreased $5.4 million to $38.7 million in fiscal 2023, compared to $44.1 million in fiscal 2022 primarily due to V22 
demand reduction and timing of orders related to a munition program.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold ("COGS") decreased by $6.3 million, or 7.3%, to $79.5 million, or 91.3% of net sales, during fiscal 2023, 
compared with $85.8 million or 102.2% of net sales in the comparable period of fiscal 2022. The decrease was primarily due to 
increased volume, ERC benefit of $1.5 million and reduction of net realizable value ("NRV") reserve of $0.9 million and lower 
idle expense of $0.9 million. Current year results include $2.1 million of idle expense and $0.9 million benefit associated with 
NRV compared with prior year costs of $3.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively. 

Gross Profit (Loss)

Gross profit increased by $9.4 million, to $7.5 million during fiscal 2023, compared with a loss of $1.9 million in fiscal 2022. 
Gross margin percent of sales was 8.7% during fiscal 2023, compared with (2.2%) in fiscal 2022, primarily due to increased 
volume, ERC benefit of $1.5 million, reduction of NRV reserve and idle expense, and lower outside processing costs compared 
with the prior year.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $14.0 million, or 16.1% of net sales, during fiscal 2023, compared with $11.9 
million, or 14.2% of net sales, in fiscal 2022. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses is primarily due to 
incremental  IT  costs  related  to  the  cybersecurity  incident  of  $1.3  million  and  professional  fees  primarily  related  to  the  ERC 
credit of $0.4 million partially offset by ERC benefit of $0.2 million. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies for further 
discussion on cyber incident. 

Amortization of Intangibles 

Amortization  of  intangibles  decreased  $0.1  million  to  $0.2  million  during  fiscal  2023,  compared  with  $0.3  million  in  the 
comparable period of fiscal 2022. The decrease was primarily due to certain intangible assets that were fully amortized during 
fiscal 2023.

Other/General
The Company recorded an operating loss of $6.7 million during fiscal 2023, compared with an operating loss of $14.1 million 
in fiscal 2022.

Prior year results included a gain on extinguishment of debt related to the PPP loan, that was forgiven by the SBA, for $5.1 
million. See Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event for further discussion.

Net interest expense was $1.3 million in fiscal 2023 compared with $0.6 million in fiscal 2022. The increase was due to higher 
interest rates and higher average borrowings compared with the prior year. See Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event for further 
discussion.

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  weighted  average  interest  rates  and  weighted  average  outstanding  balances  under  the 
Company’s debt agreements in fiscal 2023 and 2022:

Revolving credit agreement
Foreign term debt
Other debt

Weighted Average
Interest Rate
Years Ended September 30,

Weighted Average
Outstanding Balance
Years Ended September 30,

2023
6.9%
4.6%
1.5%

2022
2.6%
2.8%
0.7%

2023
$ 13.1 million
$  7.1 million
$  0.5 million

2022
$ 10.4 million
$   6.2 million
$   1.9 million

The Company believes that inflation did not materially impact its results of operations in either fiscal 2023 or 2022. 

19

 
 
Income Taxes 

The Company’s effective tax rate in fiscal 2023 was (1.9%) compared with 0.4% in fiscal 2022. The decrease in the effective 
tax rate in fiscal 2023 is primarily attributable to changes in jurisdictional mix of income in fiscal 2023 compared with the same 
period in fiscal 2022. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate due primarily to the valuation allowance 
against the Company’s U.S. deferred tax assets and income in foreign jurisdictions that are taxed at different rates than the U.S. 
statutory tax rate.

Net Loss

Net loss was $8.7 million during fiscal 2023, compared with $9.6 million in fiscal 2022. The decrease in net loss in the current 
period was primarily due to increased volume, ERC refund benefit, reduction of NRV reserve and idle expense, lower outside 
processing costs and stabilized raw material pricing partially offset by cybersecurity incident costs. Prior year results included a 
$5.1 million gain on debt extinguishment previously noted.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Presented  below  is  certain  financial  information  based  on  the  Company's  EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA.  References  to 
“EBITDA”  mean  earnings  (losses)  from  continuing  operations  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation  and  amortization,  and 
references to “Adjusted EBITDA” mean EBITDA plus, as applicable for each relevant period, certain adjustments as set forth 
in the reconciliations of net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA.

Neither  EBITDA  nor  Adjusted  EBITDA  is  a  measurement  of  financial  performance  under  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles  in  the  United  States  of  America  (“GAAP”).  The  Company  presents  EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA 
because management believes that they are useful indicators for evaluating operating performance and liquidity, including the 
Company’s ability to incur and service debt and it uses EBITDA to evaluate prospective acquisitions. Although the Company 
uses EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the reasons noted above, the use of these non-GAAP financial measures as analytical 
tools has limitations. Therefore, reviewers of the Company’s financial information should not consider them in isolation, or as a 
substitute for analysis of the Company's results of operations as reported in accordance with GAAP. Some of these limitations 
include:

•

•

•

•

Neither EBITDA nor Adjusted EBITDA reflects the interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest 
payments on indebtedness;

Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to 
be replaced in the future, and neither EBITDA nor Adjusted EBITDA reflects any cash requirements for such replacements;

The omission of the amortization expense associated with the Company’s intangible assets further limits the usefulness of 
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA; and

Neither EBITDA nor Adjusted EBITDA includes the payment of taxes, which is a necessary element of operations.

Because  of  these  limitations,  EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  should  not  be  considered  as  measures  of  discretionary  cash 
available  to  the  Company  to  invest  in  the  growth  of  its  businesses.  Management  compensates  for  these  limitations  by  not 
viewing EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA in isolation and specifically by using other GAAP measures, such as net income (loss), 
net  sales,  and  operating  income  (loss),  to  measure  operating  performance.  Neither  EBITDA  nor  Adjusted  EBITDA  is  a 
measurement of financial performance under GAAP, and neither should be considered as an alternative to net loss or cash flow 
from operations determined in accordance with GAAP. The Company’s calculation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may 
not be comparable to the calculation of similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

20

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:

(Dollars in thousands)

Net loss

Adjustments:

Depreciation and amortization expense

Interest expense, net

Income tax expense (benefit)

EBITDA

Adjustments:

Foreign currency exchange loss, net (1)

Other loss (income), net (2)

Loss (gain) on disposal of assets (3)

Gain on debt extinguishment (4)

Equity compensation expense (5)
Pension settlement/curtailment benefit (6)

LIFO impact (7)

IT incident costs, net (8)

Strategic alternative expense (9)

Adjusted EBITDA

Years Ended 
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

(8,692)  $ 

(9,640) 

6,404 

1,348 

159 

(781) 

9 

275 

1 

— 

375 

108 

(305) 

1,275 

86 

6,348 

646 

(43) 

(2,689) 

15 

(149) 

(7) 

(5,106) 

428 

208 

729 

— 

— 

$ 

1,043 

$ 

(6,571) 

(1) Represents  the  gain  or  loss  from  changes  in  the  exchange  rates  between  the  functional  currency  and  the  foreign 

currency in which the transaction is denominated.

(2) Represents miscellaneous non-operating income or expense, such as pension costs or grant income.

(3) Represents the difference between the proceeds from the sale of operating equipment and the carrying value shown on 

the Company's books.

(4) Represents the gain on extinguishment of debt and interest for the amount forgiven by the SBA as it relates to the PPP 

loan in fiscal 2022.

(5) Represents the equity-based compensation expense recognized by the Company under the 2016 Plan due to granting of 

awards, awards not vesting and/or forfeitures.

(6) Represents expense incurred by its defined benefit pension plans related to settlement of pension obligations.

(7) Represents the change in the reserve for inventories for which cost is determined using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) 

method.

(8) Represents  incremental  information  technology  costs  as  it  relates  to  the  cybersecurity  incident  and  loss  on  insurance 

recovery.

(9) Represents expense related to evaluation of strategic alternatives.

Reference to the above activities can be found in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K.

B. 

 Liquidity and Capital Resources

Historically,  the  main  sources  of  liquidity  of  the  Company  have  been  cash  flows  from  operations  and  borrowings  under  our 
Credit Agreement (as defined below under "Financing Activities"). The Company's liquidity could be negatively affected if the 
Company is unable to restructure existing debt obligations, obtain capital or enter into a strategic alternative transaction which 
provides sufficient funding for the refinancing of its outstanding indebtedness prior to the maturity date of its obligations under 
the Credit Agreements, by customers extending payment terms to the Company and/or the decrease in demand for our products. 
The Company and management will continue to assess and actively manage liquidity needs. See Note 5, Debt and Subsequent 
Event.  

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents decreased to $0.4 million at September 30, 2023 compared with $1.2 million at September 30, 2022.  
At  September  30,  2023  and  2022,  cash  included  financing  proceeds  for  capital  investment  and  a  nominal  amount  of  the 
Company’s cash and cash equivalents were in the possession of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. Distributions from the Company’s 
non-U.S. subsidiaries to the Company may be subject to adverse tax consequences.

Operating Activities

The  Company’s  operating  activities  used  $1.4  million  of  cash  in  fiscal  2023,  compared  with  $0.3  million  provided  in  fiscal 
2022. The cash used by operating activities in fiscal 2023 was primarily due to net operating loss of $8.7 million, adjusted for 
non-cash items such as change in NRV reserve $1.1 million, and LIFO benefit of $0.3 million, partially offset by depreciation 
and amortization of $6.4 million, equity based compensation of $0.3 million and sources of working capital of $1.7 million. The 
source  of  cash  from  working  capital  of  $1.7  million  was  primarily  due  to  increase  in  accounts  payable  due  to  timing  of 
payments and lower inventories due to extended lead times, partially offset by higher accounts receivable due to increased sales 
at the end of the fiscal year.

The Company’s operating activities provided $0.3 million of cash in fiscal 2022. The cash provided by operating activities in 
fiscal 2022 was primarily due to non-cash items, such as depreciation and amortization of $6.3 million, inventory write down to 
NRV of $1.5 million, LIFO effect of $0.7 million, equity based compensation of $0.3 million and source of working capital of 
$6.0 million, partially offset by the forgiveness of the PPP loan of $5.1 million and net loss of $9.6 million. The source of cash 
from working capital of $6.0 million was primarily due to reductions in receivables due to lower sales and improved collections 
as well as decreases in inventories, partially offset by payments to suppliers.

Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities was $2.4 million in fiscal 2023, compared with $3.2 million in fiscal 2022. Fiscal 2023 and 
fiscal 2022 expenditures were used primarily for manufacturing enhancement and maintenance capital. Capital commitments at 
September 30, 2023 were $1.1 million. The Company anticipates the total fiscal 2024 capital expenditures will be within the 
range of $3.5 million to $4.5 million and will relate principally to the further enhancement of production and product offering 
capabilities and operating cost reductions. 

Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities was $2.9 million in fiscal 2023 compared to cash provided by financing activities of $3.7 
million in fiscal 2022.

As discussed in Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event, the Company amended the Credit Agreement and the Export Agreement 
on  August  9,  2023.  The  combined  maximum  borrowings  decreased  to  $30.0  million  from  $35.0  million.  The  Seventh 
Amendment (the "Seventh Amendment") to the Credit Agreement (as amended, the "Credit Agreement") consists of a senior 
secured  revolving  credit  facility  with  a  maximum  borrowing  of  $23.0  million,  previously  $28.0  million.  The  revolving 
commitment through the Third Amendment (the "Third Amendment") of the Export Credit Agreement, which lends amounts to 
the  Company  on  foreign  receivables  remained  unchanged  at  $7.0  million.  The  Seventh  Amendment,  among  other  things,  (i) 
advanced  the  loan  maturity  date  to  December  31,  2023;  (ii)  provided  a  waiver  of  Existing  Defaults  and  concludes  the 
forbearance  period  as  described  under  the  Forbearance  Agreement  dated  April  28,  2023;  (iv)  the  aggregate  outstanding 
principal balance of the Revolving Exposure under the ABL Credit Agreement and Export Revolving Loan may not at any time 
exceed the lesser of Revolving Commitment, less the Availability Block, if applicable, the Borrowing Base, and in combination 
with the Export Revolving Loan under the Export Credit Agreement to $18.0 million through September 30, 2023 and $19.0 
million  thereafter;  (v)  the  Reserves  under  the  Borrowing  Base  in  the  ABL  Credit  Agreement  were  reduced  to  $1.5  million 
through  September  30,  2023  and  $2.0  million  thereafter.  The  Third  Amendment  amends  the  Export  Credit  Agreement  to  (i) 
modified  the  loan  maturity  date  to  December  31,  2023  and  (ii)  provided  waiver  of  Existing  Defaults  and  concludes  the 
forbearance period as described under the Forbearance Agreement dated April 28, 2023. The Seventh Amendment was subject 
to  satisfaction  of  certain  post  closing  deliverables,  including:  (i)  one  or  more  proposed  term  sheets  which  provide  for  the 
refinancing  of  all  of  the  Obligations  under  the  current  Credit  Agreement,  in  each  case  in  an  amount  sufficient  to  repay  the 
Obligations  in  full,  by  no  later  than  September  19,  2023;  (ii)  a  Confidential  Information  Memorandum  ("CIM"),  by  no  later 
than  September  20,  2023;  and  (iii)  a  duly  executed  term  sheet  providing  for  the  refinancing  of  all  of  the  Obligations  in  an 
amount sufficient to repay the Obligations in full, by no later than October 8, 2023. All post closing deliverables were satisfied 
as required under the Seventh Amendment.

As discussed in Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event, on November 8, 2023, the Company entered into the Eighth Amendment 
to the Credit Agreement (the "Eighth Amendment") with its Lender. The Eighth Amendment, among other things, reduced the 
Reserves under the Borrowing Base in the Credit Agreement to $1.5 million, or such lesser amount, if any, as may be agreed 
upon in writing by the Lender in its sole discretion. 

22

As discussed in Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event, on December 21, 2023 the Company entered into the Ninth Amendment 
(the "Ninth Amendment") to the Credit Agreement and the Fourth Amendment (the "Fourth Amendment") to the Export Credit 
Agreement with its lender JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the "Lender") The Ninth Amendment amends the Credit Agreement to, 
among  other  things,  to:  (i)  reflect  the  incurrence  by  borrowers  of  the  Subordinated  Loan  and  the  execution  and  delivery  by 
borrowers, the Lender and GHI of the Subordinated Loan Documents, and the receipt by borrowers of $3.0 million immediately 
available funds on the Ninth Amendment Effective Date; (ii) delay the maturity date from December 31, 2023 to October 4, 
2024, or any earlier date on which the Revolving Commitment is reduced to zero or otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms 
of the Credit Agreement; (iii) reduce the Revolving Commitment from $23.0 million to $19.0 million; (iv) modify the Reserves 
of $1.5 million, increasing on the first day of each month by $0.3 million, commencing on May 1, 2024 and continuing until 
(and  including)  August  1,  2024,  or  such  lesser  amount,  if  any,  as  may  be  agreed  upon  in  writing  by  the  Lender  in  its  sole 
discretion  (which  may  be  by  email  from  the  Lender),  plus  (d)  the  PP&E  Component;  (v)  modify  the  Applicable  Margin 
schedule  to  reflect  the  following  applicable  rates  2.75%  (SOFR  Spread),  and  0.50%  (Commitment  Fee  Rate).  The  Fourth 
Amendment  of  the  Export  Credit  Agreement,  to,  among  other  things,  to:  (i)  reflect  the  incurrence  by  borrowers  of  the 
Subordinated Loan and the execution and delivery by borrowers, the Lender and GHI of the Subordinated Loan Documents, 
and the receipt by borrowers of $3.0 million in immediately available funds on the Ninth Amendment Effective Date; and (ii) 
delay  the  maturity  date  to  October  4,  2024,  or  any  earlier  date  on  which  the  Revolving  Commitment  is  reduced  to  zero  or 
otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms thereof.

The Company incurred a secured subordinated loan from Garnet Holdings, Inc., a California corporation owned and controlled 
by Mark J. Silk (“GHI”) (Mr. Silk is a member of the Board of Directors of the Company and considered a related party), in the 
original  principal  amount  of  $3.0  million  (the  “Subordinated  Loan”)  as  a  condition  to  the  consummation  of  the  transactions 
contemplated  by  the  Ninth  Amendment  to  the  Credit  Agreement.  See  Note  13,  Related  Party  Transactions  and  Note  14, 
Subsequent Event for further discussion.

As discussed in Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event, the Company's Maniago, Italy location did not obtain any new borrowings 
in fiscal 2023.  The Company repaid $2.0 million of its Company's foreign term loans in 2023.

In fiscal 2022, the Company's Maniago, Italy location obtained borrowings from two separate lenders. The first loan was for 
$1.2 million with repayment terms of six years. A second loan with a five year term was obtained in the amount of $1.0 million. 
The proceeds of the first loan is to be used for working capital purposes, the proceeds of the second loan are earmarked for 
capital investment. The Company repaid $1.2 million of its Company's foreign term loans in 2022.

The  Company  had  net  borrowings  under  its  revolving  credit  facility  of  $5.1  million  in  fiscal  2023  and  $2.2  million  in  fiscal 
2022. Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all the assets of the Company and its U.S. 
subsidiaries  and  a  pledge  of  66.67%  of  the  stock  of  its  first-tier  non-U.S.  subsidiaries.  Borrowings  will  bear  interest  at  the 
lender's established domestic rate or SOFR, plus the applicable margin as set forth in the Credit Agreement. The revolver has a 
rate  based  on  SOFR  plus  a  2.25%  spread,  which  was  7.68%  at  September  30,  2023  and  the  Export  Credit  Agreement,  as 
discussed  in  Note  5,  Debt  and  Subsequent  Event,  has  a  rate  based  on  SOFR  plus  a  1.75%  spread,  which  was  7.18%  at 
September  30,  2023.  The  Company  also  has  a  commitment  fee  of  0.25%  under  the  Credit  Agreement  to  be  incurred  on  the 
unused balance of the revolver.   

As the Company’s Credit Agreement is asset-based, a sustained significant decrease in revenue in the U.S. or excessive aging 
of  the  underlying  receivables  could  materially  affect  the  collateral  capacity  limitation  of  the  availability  under  the  Credit 
Agreement and could impact our ability to comply with covenants in our Credit Agreement.

Under the Company's Credit Agreement, the Company is subject to certain customary loan covenants regarding availability as 
discussed in Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event. The availability at September 30, 2023 was $2.8 million. If the availability 
had fallen short, the Company would be required to meet the fixed charge coverage ratio ("FCCR") covenant, which must not 
be less than 1.1 to 1.0. In the event of a default, we may not be able to access our revolver, which could impact the ability to 
fund working capital needs, capital expenditures and invest in new business opportunities. Because the availability was greater 
than the $1.5 million Reserve minimum as of September 30, 2023, the FCCR calculation was not required.

Future cash flows from the Company’s operations may be used to pay down amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement 
and its foreign related debts. The Company believes it has adequate cash/liquidity available to finance its operations from the 
combination of (i) the Company’s expected cash flows from operations and (ii) funds available under the Credit Agreement for 
its domestic locations.  

23

Additionally, the credit and capital markets saw significant volatility during the course of the pandemic. Tightening of the credit 
market and standards, as well as capital market volatility, could negatively impact our ability to obtain additional debt financing 
on terms equivalent to our existing Credit Agreement. Capital market uncertainty and volatility, together with the Company’s 
market  capitalization  and  status  as  a  smaller  reporting  company,  could  also  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  obtain  equity 
financing.

C.  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business, the Company may be party to certain arrangements that are not reflected in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets. The Company does not have obligations that meet the definition of an off-balance sheet arrangement that have 
had, or are reasonably likely to have, a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

D. 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that 
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial 
statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are revised as additional 
information becomes available. The Company believes that the accounting estimates employed and the resulting balances are 
reasonable; however, actual results in these areas could differ from the management's estimates under different assumptions or 
conditions.

Significant  accounting  policies  used  in  the  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  discussed  in  Note  1, 
Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies.  The  Company  believes  that  the  assumptions  and  estimates  associated  with 
allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, goodwill, contract balances, and income taxes have the greatest potential 
impact  on  our  financial  statements  because  they  are  inherently  uncertain,  involve  significant  judgements,  and  include  areas 
where different estimates reasonably could materially impact the financial statements. The Company believes that the critical 
accounting  estimates  employed  and  the  resulting  balances  are  reasonable;  however,  actual  results  in  these  areas  could  differ 
from management's estimates under different assumptions or conditions. 

Allowances for Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of certain customers 
to make required payments. The Company evaluates the adequacy of its allowances for doubtful accounts each quarter based on 
the  customers’  credit-worthiness,  current  economic  trends  or  market  conditions,  past  collection  history,  aging  of  outstanding 
accounts receivable and specific identified risks. As these factors change, the Company’s allowances for doubtful accounts may 
change in subsequent periods. Historically, losses have been within management’s expectations and have not been significant.

Inventories

Approximately  19%  of  the  Company's  inventory  is  valued  using  the  last-in,  first-out  (“LIFO”)  method  with  the  remaining 
valued using the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the 
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion. 

The  Company  evaluates  obsolete  and  excess  inventory  on  a  quarterly  basis.  The  Company  maintains  a  formal  policy,  which 
requires  at  a  minimum,  that  amounts  are  written  down  based  on  an  analysis  of  the  age  of  the  inventory.  In  addition,  if  the 
Company  learns  of  specific  obsolescence,  other  than  that  identified  by  the  aging  criteria,  an  additional  write  down  will  be 
recognized.  Specific  obsolescence  may  arise  due  to  a  technological  or  market  change  or  based  on  cancellation  of  an  order. 
Management’s judgment is necessary in determining the proper write down for obsolete and excess inventory. For the portion 
of the Company's inventory not valued at LIFO, inventory is valued at FIFO and stated at the lower of cost or net realizable 
value. The Company evaluates net realizable value on a quarterly basis. See Note 2, Inventories for further discussion.

Revenue Recognition

The  Company  recognizes  revenue  using  the  five-step  revenue  recognition  model  in  which  it  depicts  the  transfer  of  goods  to 
customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which a company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or 
services. The revenue standard also requires disclosure sufficient to enable users to understand the nature, amount, timing and 
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures 
about contracts with customers, significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from the cost to obtain 
or fulfill a contract.

24

 
 
Contract Balances

Contract assets on the consolidated balance sheets are recognized when a good is transferred to the customer and the Company 
does  not  have  the  contractual  right  to  bill  for  the  related  performance  obligations.  In  these  instances,  revenue  recognized 
exceeds the amount billed to the customer and the right to payment is not solely subject to the passage of time. Amounts do not 
exceed their net realizable value. Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance 
under the contract. Payment from customers are received based on the terms established in the contract with the customer.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the 
carrying  amount  of  the  long-lived  asset  (group)  might  not  be  recoverable.  This  review  involves  judgment  and  is  performed 
using  estimates  of  future  undiscounted  cash  flows,  which  include  proceeds  from  disposal  of  assets  and  which  the  Company 
considers  a  critical  accounting  estimate.  The  Company  would  assess  the  fair  value  of  the  asset  group  and  compare  it  to  its 
carrying value. Under the Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") 360 ("Topic 360"), if the carrying value of a long-lived 
asset  or  asset  group  is  greater  than  the  estimated  undiscounted  future  cash  flows,  then  the  long-lived  asset  or  asset  group  is 
considered impaired and an impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived asset or 
asset group exceeds its fair value. 

In  projecting  future  undiscounted  cash  flows,  the  Company  relies  on  internal  budgets  and  forecasts,  and  projected  proceeds 
upon disposal of long-lived assets. The Company’s budgets and forecasts are based on historical results and anticipated future 
market  conditions,  such  as  the  general  business  climate  and  the  effectiveness  of  competition.  The  Company  believes  that  its 
estimates of future undiscounted cash flows and fair value are reasonable; however, changes in estimates of such undiscounted 
cash flows and fair value could change the Company’s estimates, which could result in future impairment charges.

2023 Long-Lived Asset Recoverability Tests
In the first, second, third and fourth quarters, the Company evaluated triggering events and did not identify any indicators that 
the asset groups might be impaired.

2022 Long-Lived Asset Recoverability Tests
In  the  third  and  fourth  quarters,  certain  qualitative  factors,  including  operating  results,  at  the  Orange,  California  ("Orange") 
location, triggered recoverability tests. The results of both indicated that the long-lived assets, right-of-use assets and definite 
lived intangible assets were recoverable and did not require further review for impairment.

Impairment of Goodwill

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually as of July 31. If circumstances change during interim periods between annual tests 
that  would  more  likely  than  not  reduce  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  below  its  carrying  value,  the  Company  will  test 
goodwill for impairment. Factors that would necessitate an interim goodwill impairment assessment include a sustained decline 
in  the  Company's  stock  price,  prolonged  negative  industry  or  economic  trends,  or  significant  under-performance  relative  to 
expected, historical or projected future operating results. Management uses judgment to determine whether to use a qualitative 
analysis or a quantitative fair value measurement for its goodwill impairment testing. The Company's fair value measurement 
approach combines the income and market valuation techniques for each of the Company’s reporting units that carry goodwill. 
These valuation techniques use estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the determination of appropriate market 
comparables, projected future cash flows (including timing and profitability), discount rate reflecting the risk inherent in future 
cash flows, perpetual growth rate, and projected future economic and market conditions.

If a reporting unit fails the quantitative impairment test, impairment expense is immediately recorded as the difference between 
the reporting unit's fair value and carrying value not to exceed the amount of goodwill recorded.

2023 Annual Goodwill Impairment Tests
SIFCO performed its annual test as of July 31, 2023. Goodwill existed at one of the Company's reporting units, Cleveland, Ohio 
as  of  July  31,  2023  and  September  30,  2023.  No  impairment  charge  was  identified  in  connection  with  the  annual  goodwill 
impairment test with respect to the Cleveland reporting unit. Refer to Note 3, Goodwill and Intangible Assets. 

2022 Annual Goodwill Impairment Tests
SIFCO performed its annual test as of July 31, 2022. Goodwill existed at one of the Company's reporting units, Cleveland, Ohio 
as  of  July  31,  2022  and  September  30,  2022.  No  impairment  charge  was  identified  in  connection  with  the  annual  goodwill 
impairment test with respect to the Cleveland reporting unit. Refer to Note 3, Goodwill and Intangible Assets.

25

  
Defined Benefit Pension Plan Expense

The Company maintains four defined benefit pension plans in accordance with the requirements of the Employee Retirement 
Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”). The amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements for pension benefits 
under these four defined benefit pension plans are determined on an actuarial basis utilizing various assumptions. The following 
table illustrates the sensitivity to change in the assumed discount rate and expected long-term rate of return on assets for the 
Company's pension plans as of September 30, 2023.

Change in Assumptions

25 basis point decrease in discount rate

25 basis point increase in discount rate

100 basis point decrease in expected long-term rate of return on assets

100 basis point increase in expected long-term rate of return on assets

Impact on Fiscal 2023 
Benefits Expense

Impact on September 
30, 2023 Projected 
Benefit Obligation for 
Pension Plans

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(In thousands)

17 

$ 

(17)  $ 

181 

$ 

(181)  $ 

403 

(403) 

— 

— 

The discussion that follows provides information on the significant assumptions/elements associated with these defined benefit 
pension plans.

The Company determines the expected return on plan assets principally based on (i) the expected return for the various asset 
classes in the respective plans’ investment portfolios and (ii) the targeted allocation of the respective plans’ assets. The expected 
return on plan assets is developed using historical asset return performance as well as current and anticipated market conditions 
such  as  inflation,  interest  rates  and  market  performance.  Should  the  actual  rate  of  return  differ  materially  from  the  assumed/
expected rate, the Company could experience a material adverse effect on the funded status of its plans and, accordingly, on its 
related future net pension expense.

The discount rate for each plan is determined, as of the fiscal year end measurement date, using prevailing market spot-rates 
(from  an  appropriate  yield  curve)  with  maturities  corresponding  to  the  expected  timing/date  of  the  future  defined  benefit 
payment amounts for each of the respective plans. Such corresponding spot-rates are used to discount future years’ projected 
defined benefit payment amounts back to the fiscal year end measurement date as a present value. A composite discount rate is 
then developed for each plan by determining the single rate of discount that will produce the same present value as that obtained 
by applying the annual spot-rates. The discount rate may be further revised if the market environment indicates that the above 
methodology  generates  a  discount  rate  that  does  not  accurately  reflect  the  prevailing  interest  rates  as  of  the  fiscal  year  end 
measurement date. The Company computes a weighted-average discount rate taking into account anticipated plan payments and 
the associated interest rates from the USI Consulting Group Pension Discount Curve. 

As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, SIFCO used the following weighted-average assumptions:

Discount rate for liabilities
Discount rate for expenses
Expected return on assets

Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance

Years Ended
September 30,

2023

2022

 5.6 %
 5.1 %
 6.2 %

 5.2 %
 2.9 %
 6.4 %

The Company accounts for deferred taxes in accordance with the provisions of the Accounting Standards Codification guidance 
related to accounting for income taxes, whereby the Company recognizes an income tax benefit related to income tax credits, 
loss carryforwards and deductible temporary differences between financial reporting basis and tax reporting basis.

A high degree of judgment is required to determine the extent a valuation allowance should be provided against deferred tax 
assets.  On  a  quarterly  basis,  the  Company  assesses  the  likelihood  of  realization  of  its  deferred  tax  assets  considering  all 
available  evidence,  both  positive  and  negative.  In  determining  whether  a  valuation  allowance  is  warranted,  the  Company 
evaluates  factors  such  as  prior  earnings  history,  expected  future  earnings,  carry-back  and  carry-forward  periods  and  tax 
strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of the realization of a deferred tax asset. The weight given to the positive 
and  negative  evidence  is  commensurate  with  the  extent  to  which  the  evidence  may  be  objectively  verified.  It  is  generally 

26

 
 
difficult  to  outweigh  objectively  verifiable  negative  evidence  of  recent  financial  reporting  losses.  Based  on  the  weight  of 
available evidence, the Company determines if it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets will be realized in the future.

As  a  result  of  losses  incurred  in  recent  years,  the  Company  entered  into  a  three-year  cumulative  loss  position  in  the  U.S. 
jurisdiction during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016 and remains in a cumulative loss position at the conclusion of fiscal 2023. 
Accordingly, the Company maintained its valuation allowance on its U.S. deferred tax assets as of the fourth quarter of fiscal 
year 2023.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The  calculation  of  the  Company's  tax  liabilities  also  involves  considering  uncertainties  in  the  application  of  complex  tax 
regulations.  SIFCO recognizes liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on its estimate of whether it is more likely 
than  not  that  additional  taxes  will  be  required,  and  it  reports  related  interest  and  penalties  as  income  taxes.  Refer  to  Note  7, 
Income Taxes for further discussion.

E. 

 Impact of Newly Issued Accounting Standards

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-13,  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326):  Measurement  of  Credit 
Losses on Financial Instruments" and subsequent updates. ASU 2016-13 changes how entities will measure credit losses for 
most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The new guidance 
will replace the current incurred loss approach with an expected loss model. The new expected credit loss impairment model 
will  apply  to  most  financial  assets  measured  at  amortized  cost  and  certain  other  instruments,  including  trade  and  other 
receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt instruments, net investments in leases, loan commitments and standby letters of credit. 
Upon initial recognition of the exposure, the expected credit loss model requires entities to estimate the credit losses expected 
over  the  life  of  an  exposure  (or  pool  of  exposures).  The  estimate  of  expected  credit  losses  should  consider  historical 
information,  current  information  and  reasonable  and  supportable  forecasts,  including  estimates  of  prepayments.  Financial 
instruments with similar risk characteristics should be grouped together when estimating expected credit losses. ASU 2016-13 
does not prescribe a specific method to make the estimate, so its application will require significant judgment. ASU 2016-13 is 
effective for public companies in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal 
years.  However,  in  November  2019,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2019-10,  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Loss  (Topic  326), 
Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)," which defers the effective date for public filers that qualify as a 
smaller reporting company ("SRC"), as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, to fiscal years after December 15, 
2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Because SIFCO is considered a SRC, this ASU is effective for the 
Company  beginning  October  1,  2023.  The  effect  of  adopting  this  ASU  is  not  expected  to  have  a  material  impact  to  the 
Company's results within the consolidated statements of operations and financial condition.

In July 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-03, “Presentation of Financial Statement (Topic 205), Income Statement - Reporting 
Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Equity (Topic 505), and Compensation 
- Stock Compensation (Topic 718)”, to amend various SEC paragraphs in the Accounting Standards Codification to reflect the 
issuance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 120, among other things. The ASU does not provide any new guidance so there 
is no transition or effective date associated with it. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting ASU 2023-03 on 
the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-07,  "Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to  Reportable  Segment 
Disclosures", that would enhance disclosures for significant segment expenses for all public entities required to report segment 
information in accordance with ASC 280. ASC 280 requires a public entity to report for each reportable segment a measure of 
segment  profit  or  loss  that  its  chief  operating  decision  maker  (“CODM”)  uses  to  assess  segment  performance  and  to  make 
decisions about resource allocations. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of 
incremental  segment  information  on  an  annual  and  interim  basis  for  all  public  entities  to  enable  investors  to  develop  more 
useful  financial  analyses.  Currently,  Topic  280  requires  that  a  public  entity  disclose  certain  information  about  its  reportable 
segments. For example, a public entity is required to report a measure of segment profit or loss that the CODM uses to assess 
segment performance and make decisions about allocating resources. ASC 280 also requires other specified segment items and 
amounts  such  as  depreciation,  amortization  and  depletion  expense  to  be  disclosed  under  certain  circumstances.  The 
amendments in ASU 2023-07 do not change or remove those disclosure requirements. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 also 
do  not  change  how  a  public  entity  identifies  its  operating  segments,  aggregates  those  operating  segments,  or  applies  the 
quantitative  thresholds  to  determine  its  reportable  segments.  The  amendments  in  ASU  2023-07  are  effective  for  fiscal  years 
beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption 
is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in ASU 2023-07 retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the 
financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting ASU 2023-07 on the consolidated financial 
statements and related disclosures.

27

 
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures".  
ASU 2023-09 is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in 
ASU  2023-09  address  investor  requests  for  enhanced  income  tax  information  primarily  through  changes  to  the  rate 
reconciliation and income taxes paid information. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in 
ASU 2023-09 prospectively to all annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the 
impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

28

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Financial Statements
     Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 49 )1
     Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 248)2
     Consolidated Statements of Operations
     Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
     Consolidated Balance Sheets
     Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
     Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
     Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1 Report provided in connection with audited financial statements for fiscal year ended 2023.
2 Report provided in connection with audited financial statements for fiscal year ended 2022.

29

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of SIFCO Industries, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of SIFCO Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the 
Company) as of September 30, 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income 
(loss),  shareholders’  equity,  and  cash  flows  for  the  year  then  ended,  and  the  related  notes  to  the  consolidated 
financial  statements  and  financial  statement  schedule  included  under  Item  15(a)  (collectively,  the  financial 
statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of the Company as of September 30, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then 
ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going 
concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has debt maturing in October 2024 and 
an  alternate  financing  arrangement  has  yet  to  be  executed.  This  raises  substantial  doubt  about  the  Company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to this matter are also described in Note 1. 
The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. 

Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB)  and  are  required  to  be 
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules 
and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  The  Company  is  not  required  to  have,  nor  were  we  engaged  to 
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness  of  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Accordingly,  we  express  no  such 
opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, 
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well 
as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) 
relates  to  accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially 
challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any 
way  our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by  communicating  the  critical 
audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to 
which it relates.

Goodwill Impairment Assessment 
As  discussed  in  Notes  1  and  3  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company’s  goodwill  balance  was 
$3.5 million at September 30, 2023 and is recorded at the Cleveland, Ohio (“Cleveland”) reporting unit. At July 
31, 2023, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test by performing a quantitative analysis in 
lieu of a qualitative analysis and concluded there was no impairment of goodwill. The fair value of the Cleveland 

30

reporting unit for the goodwill impairment assessment is estimated utilizing a combination of income (discounted 
cash  flow  method)  and  market  valuation  (market  comparable  method)  approaches.  The  income  approach 
involves using cash flow projections developed by management to calculate discounted cash flows, the sum of 
which is subject to certain adjustments to estimate the business enterprise value. The market approach involves 
performing  research  on  guideline  public  companies  that  are  similar  in  nature  to  the  Company  to  develop  an 
appropriate valuation multiple to estimate the business enterprise value. The estimated fair values determined by 
the income approach and market approach are then weighted to estimate the fair value of the Cleveland reporting 
unit. Significant judgment is required to forecast future cash flows, determine the discount rate applicable to the 
Cleveland reporting unit, select the appropriate guideline public companies and determine the appropriate market 
multiples from those guideline public companies.

We identified the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test for the Cleveland reporting unit as a critical audit 
matter  because  of  the  significant  assumptions  management  used  in  its  annual  impairment  test,  including  the 
revenue growth rates and margin percentages used in the projected cash flows, the determination of the discount 
rate  applicable  to  the  reporting  unit,  the  identification  of  comparable  guideline  public  companies  and  the 
determination of the appropriate market multiples. Auditing management’s assumptions involved a high degree 
of  auditor  judgment  and  an  increase  in  audit  effort,  including  the  use  of  our  valuation  specialists,  due  to  the 
impact these assumptions have on the accounting estimate.

Our audit procedures related to the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test included the following, among 
others:

a. We tested the underlying data used by management in its model for completeness and accuracy.
b. We  developed  an  independent  estimate  of  the  Cleveland  reporting  unit’s  fair  value  under  both  the 
income  and  market  valuation  approaches  using  publicly  available  market  data  for  the  Cleveland 
reporting  unit’s  industry  and  compared  our  independent  estimate  to  management’s  estimate  of  fair 
value.   

c. We utilized our valuation specialists to assist in the following procedures, among others:

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

Testing the reasonableness of the discount rate by comparing the inputs used by management 
to publicly available market data.
Evaluating  the  comparability  of  the  guideline  public  companies  identified  by  management 
based upon publicly available market data.
Corroborating  the  market  multiples  selected  by  the  Company  by  comparing  them  publicly 
available market data.
Evaluating the appropriateness of the valuation models used by management and testing their 
mathematical accuracy.

/s/ RSM US LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2023.

Cleveland, Ohio
December 29, 2023

31

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Shareholders

SIFCO Industries, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of SIFCO Industries, 
Inc.  (an  Ohio  corporation)  and  subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  as  of  September  30, 
2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), 
shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes and 
financial statement schedule included under Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the 
“financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all 
material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2022, and 
the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for opinion 
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on 
our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  Public  Company 
Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (“PCAOB”)  and  are  required  to  be 
independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal 
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB. 

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those 
standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance 
about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due 
to  error  or  fraud.  The  Company  is  not  required  to  have,  nor  were  we  engaged  to 
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit 
we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting 
but  not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such 
opinion. 

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement 
of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures 
that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis, 
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made 
by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  financial 
statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We served as the Company’s auditor from 2002 to 2023.

Cleveland, Ohio
December 22, 2022

32

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

Net sales

Cost of goods sold

Gross profit (loss)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Amortization of intangible assets

Loss (gain) on disposal of operating assets

Operating loss

Interest expense, net
Gain on debt extinguishment

Foreign currency exchange loss, net

Other expense, net

Loss before income tax expense (benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net loss

Net loss per share:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted-average number of common shares (basic)

Weighted-average number of common shares (diluted)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Years Ended September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

87,022  $ 

79,492 

7,530 

14,029 

233 

1 

83,902 

85,757 

(1,855) 

11,909 

313 

(7) 

(6,733)   

(14,070) 

1,348 

— 

9 

443 

645 

(5,106) 

15 

59 

(8,533)   

(9,683) 

159 

(43) 

$ 

(8,692)  $ 

(9,640) 

$ 

$ 

(1.47)  $ 

(1.47)  $ 

(1.65) 

(1.65) 

5,929 

5,929 

5,830 

5,830 

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Amounts in thousands)

Net loss

Other comprehensive loss:

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax

Retirement plan liability adjustment, net of tax

Interest rate swap agreement adjustment, net of tax

Comprehensive loss

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Years Ended 
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

(8,692)  $ 

(9,640) 

268 

1,768 

(3)   

(837) 

1,211 

12 

$ 

(6,659)  $ 

(9,254) 

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

ASSETS

Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $242 and $111, respectively

Contract asset

Inventories, net

Refundable income taxes

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

Intangible assets, net

Goodwill

Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Current maturities of long-term debt

Revolver
Short-term operating lease liabilities

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net of current maturities
Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of short-term

Deferred income taxes, net

Pension liability

Other long-term liabilities

Shareholders’ equity:

September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

368  $ 

20,196 

10,091 

8,853 

84 

1,882 

41,474 

36,287 

14,380 

278 

3,493 

81 

1,174 

16,515 

10,172 

8,969 

97 

1,851 

38,778 

39,272 

15,167 

477 

3,493 

79 

$ 

95,993  $ 

97,266 

$ 

3,820  $ 

16,289 

869 

13,497 

6,477 

40,952 

2,457 

14,020 

142 

3,417 

670 

4,379 

11,163 

792 

10,387 

5,868 

32,589 

3,508 

14,786 

137 

4,812 

744 

Serial preferred shares, no par value, authorized 1,000 shares; 0 shares issued and 
outstanding at September 30, 2023 and 2022

— 

— 

Common shares, par value $1 per share, authorized 10,000 shares; issued and outstanding 
shares 6,105 at September 30, 2023 and 6,040 at September 30, 2022

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total shareholders’ equity

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

6,105 

11,626 

23,264 

6,040 

11,387 

31,956 

(6,660)   

(8,693) 

34,335 
95,993  $ 

40,690 
97,266 

$ 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net (loss)

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of debt issuance costs
(Gain) loss on disposal of operating assets
Loss on insurance proceeds received for damaged property
Gain on extinguishment of debt
Inventory valuation accounts
LIFO effect
Share transactions under employee stock plan
Deferred income taxes
Other long-term liabilities
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Receivables
Contract assets
Inventories
Refundable income taxes
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Accrued income tax and other

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities:

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
Capital expenditures

Net cash used for investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from term note
Proceeds from long term debt
Repayments of long-term debt
Proceeds from revolving credit agreement
Repayments of revolving credit agreement
Proceeds from short-term debt borrowings
Repayments of short-term debt borrowings

Net cash provided by financing activities

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

36

Years Ended 
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

(8,692)  $ 

(9,640) 

6,404 
44 
1 
60 
— 
(1,149)   
(305)   
304 
5 
269 

(3,304)   
81 
1,872 
13 
(76)   
60 
2,575 
322 
153 

(1,363)   

6,348 
40 
(7) 
— 
(5,106) 
1,639 
729 
322 
(48) 
19 

2,633 
2,702 
443 
4 
(138) 
(4) 
808 
(419) 
(27) 

298 

20 
(2,454)   
(2,434)   

7 
(3,199) 
(3,192) 

— 
— 
(1,086)   
80,041 
(74,915)   
5,483 
(6,642)   

261 
2,245 
(1,243) 
79,802 
(77,569) 
4,132 
(3,894) 

2,881 

3,734 

(916)   
1,174 
110 
368  $ 

840 
346 
(12) 
1,174 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental disclosure of Cash Flow Information
(Amounts in thousands)

Cash paid during the year:
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for income tax, net

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

Additions to property, plant & equipment - incurred but not yet paid

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Years Ended 
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 
$ 

$ 

(1,324)  $ 
(16)  $ 

(585) 
(19) 

230  $ 

372 

37

 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
(Amounts in thousands) 

Balance - September 30, 2021

5,987 $  11,118  $  41,596  $ 

(9,079)  $ 

49,622 

Common
Shares 

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

Comprehensive (loss) income

Performance and restricted share expense

Share transactions under employee stock plans

Balance - September 30, 2022

Comprehensive (loss) income

Performance and restricted share expense

Share transactions under employee stock plans
Balance - September 30, 2023

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

386 

— 

— 
(8,693)   

2,033 

— 

— 
(6,660)  $ 

(9,254) 

428 

(106) 
40,690 

(6,659) 

375 

(71) 
34,335 

— 

— 

53 
6,040 

— 

— 

— 

428 

(9,640)   

— 

(159)   

— 
  31,956 

  11,387 

— 

375 

(8,692)   

— 

65 

(136)   
6,105 $  11,626  $  23,264  $ 

— 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

1.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

A. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries are engaged in the production of forgings and machined components primarily in the 
Aerospace and Energy ("A&E"), Defense and Commercial Space markets. The Company’s operations are conducted in a single 
business  segment,  "SIFCO"  or  the  "Company."  SIFCO  operates  from  multiple  locations.  SIFCO  manufacturing  facilities  are 
located in Cleveland, Ohio ("Cleveland"); Orange, California ("Orange"); and Maniago, Italy ("Maniago").

Cybersecurity Incident

During fiscal 2023, the Company’s domestic operations were impacted by the Cybersecurity Incident ("Cyber Incident") which 
resulted in production delays and delayed shipments due to information access limitations. The Company has since completed 
data recovery and restoration from the cyber incident. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies.

B. PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. 
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The U.S. dollar is the functional 
currency for all the Company’s U.S. operations and its non-operating non-U.S. subsidiaries. For these operations, all gains and 
losses from completed currency transactions are included in income. The functional currency for the Company's other non-U.S. 
subsidiaries is the Euro. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange at the end of the period, 
and revenues and expenses are translated using average rates of exchange which approximate the rates in effect at the date of 
the transaction. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss 
in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity.

C. CASH EQUIVALENTS

The  Company  considers  all  highly  liquid  short-term  investments  with  original  maturities  of  three  months  or  less  to  be  cash 
equivalents. A substantial majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalent bank balances exceed federally insured limits as 
of September 30, 2023 and 2022.

D. CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
Receivables  are  presented  net  of  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  of  $242  and  $111  at  September  30,  2023  and  2022, 
respectively. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. The Company 
writes  off  accounts  receivable  when  they  become  uncollectible.  In  fiscal  2023  $16  of  accounts  receivable  were  written  off 
against the allowance for doubtful accounts, while $53 were written off in fiscal 2022. Bad debt expense totaled $143 in fiscal 
2023 and was a $3 benefit in fiscal 2022.

Most  of  the  Company’s  receivables  represent  trade  receivables  due  from  manufacturers  of  turbine  engines  and  aircraft 
components as well as turbine engine overhaul companies located throughout the world, including a significant concentration of 
U.S. based companies. In fiscal 2023, 12% of the Company’s consolidated net sales were from one of its largest customers; and 
32%  of  the  Company's  consolidated  net  sales  were  from  the  three  largest  customers  and  their  direct  subcontractors,  which 
individually accounted for 12%, 10% and 10%, of consolidated net sales, respectively. In fiscal 2022, 11% of the Company’s 
consolidated net sales were from one of its largest customers; and 23% of the Company's consolidated net sales were from two 
of the largest customers and their direct subcontractors which individually accounted for 12%, and 11%, of consolidated net 
sales, respectively. Other than what has been disclosed, no other single customer or group represented greater than 10% of total 
net sales in fiscal 2023 and 2022. 

At September 30, 2023, one of the Company’s largest customers had an outstanding net accounts receivable balance of 11% of 
the  total  net  accounts  receivable;  and  one  of  the  largest  customers  and  their  direct  subcontractors  collectively  had  an 
outstanding net accounts receivable which accounted for 13% of total net accounts receivable. At September 30, 2022, three of 
the  Company’s  largest  customers  had  outstanding  net  accounts  receivable  that  were  15%,  11%  and  10%,  respectively  of  the 
total net accounts receivable; and four of the largest customers and their direct subcontractors collectively had outstanding net 
accounts receivable which accounted for 15%, 11%, 11% and 10%, respectively of total net accounts receivable. The Company 

39

 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

performs  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  its  customers’  financial  conditions.  The  Company  believes  its  allowance  for  doubtful 
accounts is sufficient based on the credit exposures outstanding at September 30, 2023.

E. INVENTORY VALUATION

For a portion of the Company's inventory, cost is determined using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method. For approximately 
19% and 42% of the Company’s inventories at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, the LIFO method is used to value 
the Company’s inventories. The first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method is used to value the remainder of the Company’s inventories, 
which are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary 
course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion. In order to accurately reflect inventory, the Company wrote 
down inventory to realizable value, and accrued reserves of $669 and $1,538 as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company writes down inventory for obsolete and excess inventory each quarter and requires at a minimum that the write 
down  be  established  based  on  an  analysis  of  the  age  of  the  inventory.  In  addition,  if  the  Company  identifies  specific 
obsolescence, other than that identified by the aging criteria, an additional write down will be recognized. Specific obsolescence 
and excess write down requirements may arise due to technological or market changes or based on cancellation of an order. In 
order to accurately reflect the value of inventory, the Company wrote down inventory for obsolete and excess inventory, and 
accrued reserves of $3,380 and $3,546 as of September 30, 2023 and 2022.

F. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is generally computed using the 
straight-line method. Depreciation is provided in amounts sufficient to amortize the cost of the assets over their estimated useful 
lives.  Depreciation  provisions  are  based  on  estimated  useful  lives:  (i)  buildings,  including  building  improvements  -  5  to  40 
years;  (ii)  machinery  and  equipment,  including  office  and  computer  equipment  -  3  to  20  years;  (iii)  software  -  3  to  7  years 
(included in machinery and equipment); and (iv) leasehold improvements - 6 to 15 years range represent the remaining life or 
length of the lease, whichever is less (included in buildings).

The Company's property, plant and equipment assets by major asset class at September 30 consist of:

Property, plant and equipment:

Land

Buildings

Machinery and equipment

Total property, plant and equipment

Less: Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

2023

2022

$ 

949  $ 

17,016 

96,874 

114,839 

78,552 

$ 

36,287  $ 

913 

16,553 

93,510 

110,976 

71,704 

39,272 

Depreciation expense was $6,170 and $6,035 in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

G. LONG-LIVED ASSET IMPAIRMENT

The  Company  reviews  the  carrying  value  of  its  long-lived  assets  ("asset  groups"),  when  events  and  circumstances  indicate  a 
triggering  event  has  occurred.  A  triggering  event  is  a  change  in  circumstances  that  indicates  the  carrying  value  of  the  asset 
group  may  not  be  recoverable.  This  review  is  performed  using  estimates  of  future  undiscounted  cash  flows,  which  include 
proceeds from disposal of assets. Under the Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") 360 ("Topic 360"), if the carrying value 
of  a  long-lived  asset  is  greater  than  the  estimated  undiscounted  future  cash  flows,  then  the  long-lived  asset  is  considered 
impaired and an impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its 
fair value. 

Fiscal 2023
The Company continuously monitors potential triggering events to determine if further testing is necessary. In the first, second, 
third  and  fourth  quarters,  the  Company  evaluated  triggering  events  and  did  not  identify  any  indicators  that  the  asset  groups 
might be impaired.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Fiscal 2022
The Company continuously monitors triggers to determine if further testing is necessary. In the third and fourth quarters, further  
assessment was necessary as certain qualitative factors, such as, operating results, historical and forecasted market conditions  
and projected undiscounted future cash flows triggered a recoverability test on its Orange, California ("Orange") location. The 
results indicated that the long-lived assets, right-of-use assets and definite lived intangible assets were recoverable and did not 
require further review for impairment. 

H. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets of an acquired business. Goodwill 
is subject to impairment testing if triggered in the interim, and if not, on an annual basis. The Company has selected July 31 as 
the annual impairment testing date. The first step of the goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of a reporting unit (as 
defined)  with  its  carrying  amount,  including  goodwill.  If  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  exceeds  its  carrying  amount, 
goodwill is not considered impaired.  However, if the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, the Company should recognize an 
impairment  charge  for  the  amount  by  which  the  carrying  amount  exceeds  the  fair  value,  not  to  exceed  the  total  amount  of 
goodwill  allocated  to  that  reporting  unit.  See  Note  3,  Goodwill  and  Intangibles  Assets,  for  further  discussion  of  the  July  31, 
2023 and 2022 annual impairment test results. The Company monitors for triggering events outside of the annual impairment 
assessment date and no potential triggers were identified through September 30, 2023.

Intangible assets consist of identifiable intangibles acquired or recognized in the accounting for the acquisition of a business 
and  include  such  items  as  a  trade  name,  a  non-compete  agreement,  below  market  lease,  customer  relationships  and  order 
backlog. Intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives ranging from one year to ten years. Identifiable intangible assets 
assessment  for  impairment  is  evaluated  when  events  and  circumstances  warrant  such  a  review,  as  noted  within  Note  1, 
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Long-Lived Asset Impairment for further discussion.

I. NET LOSS PER SHARE

The  Company’s  net  loss  per  basic  share  has  been  computed  based  on  the  weighted-average  number  of  common  shares 
outstanding.  Due  to  the  net  loss  in  the  reporting  period,  zero  restricted  shares  and  performance  shares  are  included  in  the 
calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be anti-dilutive. In the prior period, net loss per diluted share 
reflects  the  effect  of  the  Company's  outstanding  restricted  shares  and  performance  shares  under  the  treasury  method.  The 
dilutive effect is as follows:

Net loss

Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic and diluted)

Net loss per share – basic and diluted:

September 30,

2023
(8,692)  $ 

2022
(9,640) 

$ 

5,929 

5,830 

$ 

(1.47)  $ 

(1.65) 

Anti-dilutive weighted-average common shares excluded from calculation of diluted earnings per 
share

202 

270 

J. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The  Company  recognizes  revenue  using  the  five-step  revenue  recognition  model  in  which  it  depicts  the  transfer  of  goods  to 
customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which a company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or 
services. The revenue standard also requires disclosure sufficient to enable users to understand the nature, amount, timing and 
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures 
about contracts with customers, significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from the cost to obtain 
or fulfill a contract.

The  Company  recognizes  revenue  in  the  following  manner  using  the  five-step  revenue  recognition  model.  A  contract  exists 
when there is approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, 
the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Revenue  is  recognized  when  performance  obligations  under  the  terms  of  the  contract  with  a  customer  of  the  Company  are 
satisfied. A portion of the Company's contracts are from purchase orders ("PO's"), which continue to be recognized as of a point 
in time when products are shipped from the Company's manufacturing facilities or at a later time when control of the products 
transfers  to  the  customer.  Under  the  revenue  standard,  the  Company  recognizes  certain  revenue  over  time  as  it  satisfies  the 
performance obligations because the conditions of transfer of control to the applicable customer are as follows:

•

•

Certain military contracts, which relate to the provisions of specialized or unique goods to the U.S. government with 
no  alternative  use,  include  provisions  within  the  contract  that  are  subject  to  the  Federal  Acquisition  Regulation 
("FAR"). The FAR provision allows the customer to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience and requires 
the  customer  to  pay  the  Company  for  costs  incurred  plus  reasonable  profit  margin  and  take  control  of  any  work  in 
process.  

For certain commercial contracts involving customer-specific products with no alternative use, the contract may fall 
under  the  FAR  clause  provisions  noted  above  for  military  contracts  or  may  include  certain  provisions  within  their 
contract that the customer controls the work in process based on contractual termination clauses or restrictions of the 
Company's  use  of  the  product  and  the  Company  possesses  a  right  to  payment  for  work  performed  to  date  plus 
reasonable profit margin.  

As a result of control transferring over time for these products, revenue is recognized based on progress toward completion of 
the performance obligation. The determination of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is 
based on the nature of the products to be provided. The Company elected to use the cost to cost input method of progress based 
on costs incurred for these contracts because it best depicts the transfer of goods to the customer based on incurring costs on the 
contracts. Under this method, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date 
to  the  total  estimated  costs  at  completion  of  the  performance  obligation.  Revenues  are  recorded  proportionally  as  costs  are 
incurred.  When  the  criteria  to  recognize  revenue  over  time  are  not  met,  revenue  is  recognized  at  point  in  time.  Under  this 
method, transferring control of the good or service to the customer satisfies the performance obligation to recognize revenue at 
a point in time. Transfer of control is satisfied when the Company has the right to present for payment and/or the customer has 
legal title, physical possession, significant risks and rewards of ownership and/or accepted the asset.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods. An 
accounting  policy  election  to  exclude  from  transaction  price  was  made  for  sales,  value  add,  and  other  taxes  the  Company 
collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities when applicable. The Company has elected to recognize incremental costs 
incurred  to  obtain  contracts,  which  primarily  represent  commissions  paid  to  third  party  sales  agents  where  the  amortization 
period would be less than one year, as selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations 
as incurred. 

The Company elected a practical expedient under Topic 606 to not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects 
of any significant financing component where the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the 
Company transfers a promised good to a customer and when the customer pays for that good will be one year or less. Finally, 
the Company's policy is to exclude performance obligations resulting from contracts with a duration of one year or less from its 
disclosures related to remaining performance obligations. 

The amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for the goods is not generally subject to 
significant variations.  

The Company elected to recognize the cost of freight and shipping after control of the products has transferred to the customer 
as an expense in cost of goods sold on the consolidated statements of operations, because those are costs incurred to fulfill the 
promise  recognized,  not  a  separate  performance  obligation.  To  the  extent  certain  freight  and  shipping  fees  are  charged  to 
customers, the Company recognizes the amounts charged to customers as revenues and the related costs as an expense in cost of 
goods sold when control of the related products has transferred to the customer. 

Contracts are occasionally modified to account for changes in contract specifications, requirements, and pricing. The Company 
considers contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights 
and  obligations.  Substantially  all  of  the  Company's  contract  modifications  are  for  goods  that  are  distinct  from  the  existing 
contract. Therefore, the effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and the Company's measure of progress for the 
performance obligation to which it relates is generally recognized on a prospective basis.

42

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Contract Balances

Contract assets on the consolidated balance sheets are recognized when control is transferred to the customer over-time and the 
Company  does  not  have  the  contractual  right  to  bill  for  the  related  performance  obligations.  In  these  instances,  revenue 
recognized  exceeds  the  amount  billed  to  the  customer  and  the  right  to  payment  is  not  solely  subject  to  the  passage  of  time. 
Amounts do not exceed their net realizable value. Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of the satisfaction 
of performance under the contract. Payments from customers are received based on the terms established in the contract with 
the customer.

K. LEASES

The  leasing  standard  requires  lessees  to  recognize  a  Right-of-Use  ("ROU")  asset  and  a  lease  liability  on  the  consolidated 
balance sheet, with the exception of short-term leases. The Company primarily leases its manufacturing buildings, specifically 
at  its  Orange  location,  as  well  as  certain  machinery  and  office  equipment.  The  Company  determines  if  a  contract  contains  a 
lease  based  on  whether  the  contract  conveys  the  right  to  control  the  use  of  identified  assets  for  a  period  in  exchange  for 
consideration. Upon identification and commencement of a lease, the Company establishes a ROU asset and a lease liability.  
Operating leases are included in ROU assets, short-term operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities on 
the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property, plant, and equipment, current maturities of long-term 
debt and long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheets. 

ROU assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term 
at commencement date. As most of the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses the incremental borrowing rate 
based on the information available at commencement date and duration of the lease term in determining the present value of the 
future payments. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, while the expense 
for  finance  leases  is  recognized  as  depreciation  expense  and  interest  expense  using  the  accelerated  interest  method  of 
recognition.

L.  EMPLOYEE RETENTION CREDIT

Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act"), the Employee Retention Credit ("ERC") is 
a refundable payroll tax credit for businesses and tax-exempt organizations that were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. 
Eligible  businesses,  both  for-profit  and  not-for-profit,  that  experienced  a  full  or  partial  government-ordered  suspension  of 
operations or a "significant" decline in gross receipts in any quarter (more than 50% decrease in 2020 from 2019, and more than 
20%  in  2021)  could  receive  a  quarterly  refundable  payroll  tax  credit.  The  Company,  with  reasonably  assured  qualification, 
submitted and received approval for refunds under the ERC program. 

As  no  authoritative  guidance  exists  under  U.S.  GAAP  for  reporting  ERCs,  the  Company  adopted  International  Accounting 
Standards  (“IAS”)  20  –  Accounting  for  Government  Grants  and  Disclosure  of  Government  Assistance  which  permits  the 
recording  and  presentation  of  either  the  gross  amount  as  other  income  or  netting  the  credit  against  related  expense.  The 
Company recorded a gross benefit of $1,772, which represented $1,688 claimed as refund and $84 in interest income. The ERC 
was  recognized  as  a  reduction  in  other  manufacturing  and  selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  and  allocated  to  the 
financial statement categories from which the payroll taxes were originally incurred. The Company recorded benefits to cost of 
goods sold of $1,452, selling, general and administrative expense of $236 and interest income $84, respectively and recorded 
selling, general and administrative expense of $354 for professional fees related to the tax credit in the consolidated condensed 
statements of operations during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023. 

M. IMPACT OF RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

None.

N. IMPACT OF NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-13,  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326):  Measurement  of  Credit 
Losses on Financial Instruments" and subsequent updates. ASU 2016-13 changes how entities will measure credit losses for 
most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The new guidance 
will replace the current incurred loss approach with an expected loss model. The new expected credit loss impairment model 
will  apply  to  most  financial  assets  measured  at  amortized  cost  and  certain  other  instruments,  including  trade  and  other 
receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt instruments, net investments in leases, loan commitments and standby letters of credit. 
Upon initial recognition of the exposure, the expected credit loss model requires entities to estimate the credit losses expected 

43

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

over  the  life  of  an  exposure  (or  pool  of  exposures).  The  estimate  of  expected  credit  losses  should  consider  historical 
information,  current  information  and  reasonable  and  supportable  forecasts,  including  estimates  of  prepayments.  Financial 
instruments with similar risk characteristics should be grouped together when estimating expected credit losses. ASU 2016-13 
does not prescribe a specific method to make the estimate, so its application will require significant judgment. ASU 2016-13 is 
effective for public companies in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal 
years.  However,  in  November  2019,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2019-10,  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Loss  (Topic  326), 
Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)," which defers the effective date for public filers that qualify as a 
smaller reporting company ("SRC"), as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, to fiscal years after December 15, 
2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Because SIFCO is considered a SRC, this ASU is effective for the 
Company  beginning  October  1,  2023.  The  effect  of  adopting  this  ASU  is  not  expected  to  have  a  material  impact  to  the 
Company's results within the consolidated statements of operations and financial condition.

In July 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-03, “Presentation of Financial Statement (Topic 205), Income Statement - Reporting 
Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Equity (Topic 505), and Compensation 
- Stock Compensation (Topic 718)”, to amend various SEC paragraphs in the Accounting Standards Codification to reflect the 
issuance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 120, among other things. The ASU does not provide any new guidance so there 
is no transition or effective date associated with it. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting ASU 2023-03 on 
the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-07,  "Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to  Reportable  Segment 
Disclosures", that would enhance disclosures for significant segment expenses for all public entities required to report segment 
information in accordance with ASC 280. ASC 280 requires a public entity to report for each reportable segment a measure of 
segment  profit  or  loss  that  its  chief  operating  decision  maker  (“CODM”)  uses  to  assess  segment  performance  and  to  make 
decisions about resource allocations. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of 
incremental  segment  information  on  an  annual  and  interim  basis  for  all  public  entities  to  enable  investors  to  develop  more 
useful  financial  analyses.  Currently,  Topic  280  requires  that  a  public  entity  disclose  certain  information  about  its  reportable 
segments. For example, a public entity is required to report a measure of segment profit or loss that the CODM uses to assess 
segment performance and make decisions about allocating resources. ASC 280 also requires other specified segment items and 
amounts  such  as  depreciation,  amortization  and  depletion  expense  to  be  disclosed  under  certain  circumstances.  The 
amendments in ASU 2023-07 do not change or remove those disclosure requirements. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 also 
do  not  change  how  a  public  entity  identifies  its  operating  segments,  aggregates  those  operating  segments,  or  applies  the 
quantitative  thresholds  to  determine  its  reportable  segments.  The  amendments  in  ASU  2023-07  are  effective  for  fiscal  years 
beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption 
is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in ASU 2023-07 retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the 
financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting ASU 2023-07 on the consolidated financial 
statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures".  
ASU 2023-09 is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in 
ASU  2023-09  address  investor  requests  for  enhanced  income  tax  information  primarily  through  changes  to  the  rate 
reconciliation and income taxes paid information. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in 
ASU 2023-09 prospectively to all annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the 
impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

O. USE OF ESTIMATES

Accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  U.S.  require  management  to  make  a  number  of  estimates  and  assumptions 
relating  to  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  the  disclosure  of  contingent  liabilities,  at  the  date  of  the 
consolidated  financial  statements,  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  period  in  preparing  these 
financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

P. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Research and development costs are expensed as they are incurred. Research and development expenses were nominal in fiscal 
2023 and 2022.

44

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Q. DEBT ISSUANCE COSTS

Debt  issuance  costs  are  capitalized  and  amortized  over  the  life  of  the  related  debt.  Amortization  of  debt  issuance  costs  is 
included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

R. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as shown on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30 are as 
follows: 

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax

Net retirement plan liability adjustment, net of income tax 

Interest rate swap agreement, net of income tax 

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss

2023

2022

$ 

(5,928)  $ 

(741)   

9 

(6,196) 

(2,509) 

12 

$ 

(6,660)  $ 

(8,693) 

The  following  table  provides  additional  details  of  the  amounts  recognized  into  net  earnings  from  accumulated  other 
comprehensive loss, net of tax:

Foreign Currency 
Translation 
Adjustment

Retirement Plan 
Liability Adjustment

Interest Rates 
Swap Adjustment

Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Loss

Balance at September 30, 2021

(5,359) 

(3,720) 

Other comprehensive (loss) income 
before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from 
accumulated other comprehensive loss  

  Net current-period other 
comprehensive (loss) income

Balance at September 30, 2022

Other comprehensive income (loss) 
before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from 
accumulated other comprehensive loss  

  Net current-period other 
comprehensive income (loss)

(837) 

— 

(837) 

(6,196) 

268 

— 

268 

527 

684 

1,211 

(2,509) 

1,341 

427 

1,768 

Balance at September 30, 2023

$ 

(5,928) 

$ 

(741)  $ 

— 

12 

12 

12 

(3) 

(3) 

9 

$ 

(9,079) 

(298) 

684 

386 

(8,693) 

1,606 

427 

2,033 

(6,660) 

The following table reflects the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to the Company for September 30, 
2023 and 2022:

Details about accumulated other 
comprehensive loss components

Amortization of Retirement plan liability:

Net actuarial gain

Settlements/curtailments

Amount reclassified from accumulated 
other comprehensive loss

2023

2022

Affected line item in the 
Consolidated Statement of 
Operations

1,659 

108 

1,767 
— 
1,767  $ 

1,003 

208 

1,211 
— 

(1)

(1)

Total before taxes
Income tax expense

1,211  Net of taxes

$ 

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost. See 
Note 8, Retirement Benefit Plans for further discussion.

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

S. INCOME TAXES

The Company files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return and tax returns in various state and local jurisdictions. The 
Company’s Irish and Italian subsidiaries also file tax returns in their respective jurisdictions. 

The Company provides deferred income taxes for the temporary difference between the financial reporting basis and tax basis 
of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Such taxes are measured using the enacted tax rates that are assumed to be in effect 
when  the  differences  reverse.  Deductible  temporary  differences  result  principally  from  recording  certain  expenses  in  the 
financial  statements  in  excess  of  amounts  currently  deductible  for  tax  purposes.  Taxable  temporary  differences  result 
principally from tax depreciation in excess of book depreciation.

The  Company  evaluates  for  uncertain  tax  positions  taken  at  each  balance  sheet  date.  The  Company  recognizes  the  financial 
statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the 
position. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the 
largest cumulative benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax 
authority. The Company's policy for interest and/or penalties related to underpayments of income taxes is to include interest and 
penalties in tax expenses.

The Company maintains a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets when management believes it is more likely than 
not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset may not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances are recorded in the period 
of change. In determining whether a valuation allowance is warranted, the Company evaluates factors such as prior earnings 
history,  expected  future  earnings,  carry-back  and  carry-forward  periods  and  tax  strategies  that  could  potentially  enhance  the 
likelihood of the realization of a deferred tax asset.

The  Tax  Cut  and  Jobs  Act  (the  "Act")  includes  provisions  for  Global  Intangible  Low-Taxed  Income  (“GILTI”)  wherein 
minimum taxes are imposed on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on the tangible assets of foreign corporations. This 
income  will  effectively  be  taxed  at  a  10.5%  tax  rate.  GILTI  was  effective  for  the  Company  starting  in  fiscal  2019.  The 
Company has elected to account for GILTI as a component of tax expense in the period in which the Company is subject to the 
rules.

T. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction 
between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company utilizes certain assumptions that 
market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and/or the risks inherent in the 
inputs  to  the  valuation  technique.  Based  on  the  examination  of  the  inputs  used  in  the  valuation  techniques,  the  Company  is 
required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality 
and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. 

Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories: 

Level 1 - Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 

Level 2 - Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data 

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data 

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant 
to the fair value measurement. The book value of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable are considered to 
be representative of their fair values because of their short maturities. The carrying value of debt is considered to approximate 
the  fair  value  based  on  the  borrowing  rates  currently  available  to  us  for  loans  with  similar  terms  and  maturities.  Fair  value 
measurements  of  non-financial  assets  and  non-financial  liabilities  are  primarily  used  in  goodwill,  other  intangible  assets  and 
long-lived  assets  impairment  analysis,  the  valuation  of  acquired  intangibles  and  in  the  valuation  of  assets  held  for  sale.  
Goodwill and intangible assets are valued using Level 3 inputs. Defined benefit plans can be valued using Level 1, Level 2, 
Level 3 or a combination of Level 1, 2 and 3 inputs. See Note 8, Retirement Benefit Plans for further discussion.

46

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

U. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Share-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award and the probability of 
meeting its performance condition, and is recognized as expense when it is probable that the performance conditions will be 
met over the requisite service period (generally the vesting period). Share-based expense includes expense related to restricted 
shares  and  performance  shares  issued  under  the  Company's  2007  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  (Amended  and  Restated  as  of 
November  16,  2016)  (as  further  amended,  the  "2016  Plan").  The  Company  recognizes  share-based  expense  within  selling, 
general, and administrative expense and adjusts for any forfeitures as they occur.

V. GOING CONCERN

In accordance with ASU 2014-15, "Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) ("ASC 205-40")", 
the Company has the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about its ability to meet 
its future financial obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. This 
evaluation requires management to perform two steps. First, management must evaluate whether there are conditions and events 
that  raise  substantial  doubt  about  the  entity’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Second,  if  management  concludes  that 
substantial doubt is raised, management is required to consider whether its plans that are not yet fully implemented are probable 
of  both  being  implemented  and  effective  in  alleviating  that  doubt.  In  the  event  substantial  doubt  is  raised,  disclosures  in  the 
notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  management’s  plans  and  management’s  conclusion  as  to  whether  the 
substantial doubt exists or has been alleviated are required. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming 
that the Company will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on 
the recoverability and classification of assets, or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of 
this  uncertainty.  This  step  shall  not  take  into  consideration  the  potential  mitigating  effects  of  plans  that  have  not  been  fully 
implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued.

The Company has debt maturing in October 2024. As a result of this condition, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company is evaluating available financial alternatives, including obtaining acceptable alternative financing. The Company 
cannot provide assurances that it will be successful in restructuring the existing debt obligations, obtaining capital or entering 
into a strategic alternative transaction which provides sufficient funding for the refinancing of its outstanding indebtedness prior 
to  the  maturity  date  of  its  obligations  under  the  Credit  Agreements.  See  Note  5,  Debt  and  Subsequent  Event  and  Note  14, 
Subsequent Events.

W. RECLASSIFICATIONS

None.

2.  Inventories

Inventories at September 30 consist of:

Raw materials and supplies

Work-in-process

Finished goods

Total inventories

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

1,684  $ 

4,061 

3,108 

8,853  $ 

2,968 

3,356 

2,645 

8,969 

If the FIFO method had been used for the entire Company, inventories would have been $9,634 and $9,939 higher than reported 
at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. LIFO benefit was $305 in fiscal 2023 and expense of $729 in fiscal 2022.

In  fiscal  2023,  results  showed  a  reduction  of  inventory  resulting  in  liquidations  of  LIFO  inventory  quantities.  The  estimated 
liquidation of LIFO inventory quantities results in a projected increase in cost of goods sold of $1,476 during fiscal 2023. These 
inventories were carried in prior periods at the then prevailing costs, which were accurate at the time, but differ from the current 
manufacturing cost and/or material costs. There was $180 of LIFO liquidation in fiscal 2022. 

47

 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

For the portion of the Company's inventory not valued at LIFO, inventory is valued at FIFO and stated at the lower of cost or 
net  realizable  value.  The  Company  recorded  an  inventory  reserve  to  adjust  to  net  realizable  value  of  $669  and  $1,538  as  of 
September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company recorded an inventory reserve to adjust for obsolete and excess inventory of $3,380 and $3,546 as of September 
30, 2023 and 2022. 

The  allocation  of  production  costs  to  inventory  are  based  on  a  normal  range  of  capacity  in  production.  The  amount  of  cost 
allocated  to  each  unit  of  production  is  not  increased  as  a  consequence  of  low  production  or  idle  capacity.  As  a  result,  the 
Company recorded idle cost of $2,149 and $3,087 for years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

3.  Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company’s intangible assets by major asset class subject to amortization as of:

September 30, 2023
Intangible assets:

Trade name

Technology asset

Customer relationships

Total intangible assets

September 30, 2022
Intangible assets:

Trade name

Technology asset

Customer relationships

Total intangible assets

Weighted Average 
Life at September 30, 

Original
Cost

Accumulated
Amortization

Impairment

Currency 
Translation

Net Book
Value

8 years

5 years

10 years

8 years

5 years

10 years

$ 

1,876  $ 

1,876  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

1,869 

13,589 

1,869 

13,346 

— 

— 

— 

35 

$  17,334  $ 

17,091  $ 

—  $ 

35  $ 

$ 

1,876  $ 

1,868  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

1,869 

13,589 

1,869 

13,036 

— 

— 

$  17,334  $ 

16,773  $ 

—  $ 

— 

(84)   

(84)  $ 

— 

— 

278 

278 

8 

— 

469 

477 

The amortization expense on identifiable intangible assets for fiscal 2023 and 2022 was $233 and $313, respectively.  
Amortization expense associated with the identified intangible assets is expected to be as follows:

Fiscal year 2024

Fiscal year 2025

Amortization
Expense

$ 

159 

119 

Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to an annual impairment test. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment in the 
fourth  fiscal  quarter,  and  in  interim  periods  if  certain  events  occur  indicating  that  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill  may  be 
impaired.  Factors  that  would  necessitate  an  interim  goodwill  impairment  assessment  include  a  sustained  decline  in  the 
Company's stock price, prolonged negative industry or economic trends, or significant under-performance relative to expected, 
historical or projected future operating results.

The Company uses a fair value measurement approach which combines the income (discounted cash flow method) and market 
valuation  (market  comparable  method)  techniques  for  each  of  the  Company’s  reporting  units  that  carry  goodwill.  These 
valuation  techniques  use  estimates  and  assumptions  including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  determination  of  appropriate  market 
comparable, projected future cash flows (including timing and profitability), discount rate reflecting the risk inherent in future 
cash flows, perpetual growth rate, and projected future economic and market conditions (Level 3 inputs).  

Although  the  Company  believes  its  assumptions  are  reasonable,  actual  results  may  vary  significantly  and  may  expose  the 
Company  to  material  impairment  charges  in  the  future.    The  methodology  for  determining  fair  values  was  consistent  for  the 
periods presented.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

2023 and 2022 Annual Goodwill Impairment Tests
SIFCO performed its annual impairment test as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for the Cleveland, Ohio ("Cleveland") 
reporting unit which is the only reporting unit that carries goodwill. Results determined that the fair value of the reporting unit 
exceeded the carrying value at each assessment date. As a result, no impairment was required as of September 30, 2023 and 
2022, respectively.

Goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. Changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill were as follows:

Balance at September 30, 2021

Goodwill impairment adjustment

  Currency translation
Balance at September 30, 2022
  Goodwill impairment adjustment
  Currency translation
Balance at September 30, 2023

4.   Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities at September 30 consist of:

Accrued employee compensation and benefits

Accrued workers’ compensation

Contract liabilities

Other accrued liabilities

Total accrued liabilities

5.  Debt and Subsequent Event

Debt at September 30 consists of:

Revolving credit agreement

Foreign subsidiary borrowings 

Finance lease obligations

Other, net of unamortized debt issuance cost $9 and $20

Total debt

Less – current maturities

Total long-term debt

$ 

$ 

3,493 
— 
— 
3,493 
— 
— 
3,493 

2023

2022

$ 

2,888  $ 

2,705 

648 

1,150 

1,791 

$ 

6,477  $ 

912 

807 

1,444 

5,868 

2023

2022

$ 

16,289  $ 

11,163 

5,771 

142 

364 
22,566 

7,101 

192 

594 
19,050 

(20,109)   

(15,542) 

$ 

2,457  $ 

3,508 

Credit Agreement and Security Agreement
The  Company's  asset-based  Credit  Agreement  (as  amended,  the  "Credit  Agreement"),  Security  Agreement  (“Security 
Agreement”) and Export Credit Agreement (as amended, the "Export Credit Agreement") are secured by substantially all the 
assets of the Company and its U.S. subsidiaries and a pledge of 66.67% of the stock of its first-tier non-U.S. subsidiaries. 

The Credit Agreement (as amended by Seventh Amendment (the "Seventh Amendment") described below), consists of a senior 
secured revolving credit facility with a maximum borrowing of $23,000. The revolving commitment through the Export Credit 
which lends amounts to the Company on foreign receivables is $7,000.  The Credit Agreement and the Export Agreement were 
amended on August 9, 2023, when the Company and certain of its subsidiaries (collectively, the "borrowers") entered into the 
Seventh  Amendment  to  the  Credit  Agreement  and  the  Third  Amendment  (the  "Third  Amendment")  to  the  Export  Credit 
Agreement,  in  each  case,  with  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  a  national  banking  association,  (the  "Lender").  The  combined 
maximum borrowings was reduced to $30,000 (from $35,000); and the maximum borrowing under the Credit Agreement was 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

decreased  to  $23,000  (from  $28,000)  and  the  revolving  commitment  through  the  Export  Agreement  remained  unchanged  at 
$7,000. The Seventh Amendment amends the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) advanced the loan maturity date to 
December 31, 2023; (ii) provided a waiver of Existing Defaults and concludes the forbearance period as described under the 
Forbearance Agreement dated April 28, 2023; (iv) the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Revolving Exposure under 
the ABL Credit Agreement and Export Revolving Loan may not at any time exceed the lesser of Revolving Commitment, less 
the Availability Block, if applicable, the Borrowing Base, and in combination with the Export Revolving Loan under the Export 
Credit Agreement to $18,000 through September 30, 2023 and $19,000 thereafter; (v) the Reserves under the Borrowing Base 
in  the  ABL  Credit  Agreement  were  reduced  to  $1,500  through  September  30,  2023  and  $2,000  thereafter.  The  Third 
Amendment amends the Export Credit Agreement to (i) modified the loan maturity date to December 31, 2023 and (ii) provided 
waiver of Existing Defaults and concludes the forbearance period as described under the Forbearance Agreement dated April 
28,  2023.  Lender’s  agreement  was  subject  to  satisfaction  of  certain  post  closing  deliverables,  including:  (i)  one  or  more 
proposed term sheets which provide for the refinancing of all of the Obligations, in each case in an amount sufficient to repay 
the Obligations in full, by no later than September 19, 2023; (ii) a Confidential Information Memorandum ("CIM"), by no later 
than  September  20,  2023;  and  (iii)  a  duly  executed  term  sheet  providing  for  the  refinancing  of  all  of  the  Obligations  in  an 
amount sufficient to repay the Obligations in full, by no later than October 8, 2023.

The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants and events of defaults. Prior to the Seventh Amendment, the 
Credit Agreement required the Company to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio ("FCCR") to be less than 1.1 to 1.0 as of the 
last day of any calendar month; provided that the fixed charge coverage ratio will not be tested unless (i) a default has occurred 
and  is  continuing,  (ii)  when  the  combined  availability  was  less  than  or  equal  to  the  greater  of  (x)  10%  of  the  lesser  of  the 
combined  commitments  or  (y)  10%  of  the  combined  borrowing  base,  and  $2,000,  for  three  or  more  business  days  in  any 
consecutive  30  day  period.  However,  the  Seventh  Amendment  provides  that  the  Company  will  not  permit  the  fixed  charge 
coverage ratio to be less than 1.1 to 1.0 as of the last day of any calendar month; provided that the fixed charge coverage ratio 
will  not  be  tested  unless  availability  falls  below  the  Reserves  under  the  Borrowing  Base  in  the  ABL  Credit  Agreement  of 
$1,500.

On November 8, 2023, the Company entered into the Eighth Amendment to the Credit Agreement (the "Eighth Amendment") 
with  its  Lender.  The  Eighth  Amendment,  among  other  things,  reduced  the  Reserves  under  the  Borrowing  Base  in  the  Credit 
Agreement to $1,500, or such lesser amount, if any, as may be agreed upon in writing by the Lender in its sole discretion. See 
Note 14, Subsequent Event for further discussion.

On December 21, 2023, the Company entered into the Ninth Amendment (the "Ninth Amendment") to the Credit Agreement 
and the Fourth Amendment (the "Fourth Amendment") to the Export Credit Agreement with its lender. The Ninth Amendment 
amends the Credit Agreement to, among other things, to: (i) reflect the incurrence by borrowers of the Subordinated Loan and 
the execution and delivery by borrowers, the Lender and Silk (Mr. Silk is a member of the Board of Directors of the Company 
and considered a related party) of the Subordinated Loan Documents, and the receipt by borrowers of $3,000 in immediately 
available funds on the Ninth Amendment Effective Date; (ii) delay the maturity date from December 31, 2023 to October 4, 
2024, or any earlier date on which the Revolving Commitment is reduced to zero or otherwise terminated pursuant to the terms 
of  the  Credit  Agreement;  (iii)  reduce  the  Revolving  Commitment  to  $19,000  from  $23,000;  (iv)  modify  the  definition  of 
Borrowing Base to mean, at any time, the sum of (a) 85% of Eligible Accounts at such time, plus (b) the lesser of (1) 70% of 
Eligible Inventory, valued at the lower of cost or market value, determined on a first-in-first-out basis, at such time and (2) the 
product  of  85%  multiplied  by  the  NOLV  Percentage  identified  in  the  most  recent  inventory  appraisal  ordered  by  the  Lender 
multiplied by Eligible Inventory, valued at the lower of cost or market value, determined on a first-in-first-out basis, at such 
time,  minus  (c)  Reserves  of  $1,500,  increasing  on  the  first  day  of  each  month  by  $250,  commencing  on  May  1,  2024  and 
continuing until (and including) August 1, 2024, or such lesser amount, if any, as may be agreed upon in writing by the Lender 
in  its  sole  discretion  (which  may  be  by  email  from  the  Lender),  plus  (d)  the  PP&E  Component;  (v)  modify  the  Applicable 
Margin schedule to reflect the following applicable rates:  2.75% (CBFR REVSOFR30), 0.25% (CBFR Spread (CB Floating 
Rate)), 2.75% (SOFR Spread), and 0.50% (Commitment Fee Rate); and (vi) amend and restate subsection (l) of the Reporting 
Schedule to require, by the 17th day of every month, the delivery of a rolling 13 week cash flow forecast in form acceptable to 
Lender, which must include a projected to actual results comparison for the week then ended and on a cumulative basis from 
the beginning of the cash flow forecast. The Fourth Amendment of the Export Credit Agreement, to, among other things, to: (i) 
reflect the incurrence by borrowers of the Subordinated Loan and the execution and delivery by borrowers, the Lender and Silk 
of the Subordinated Loan Documents, and the receipt by borrowers of $3.0 million in immediately available funds on the Ninth 
Amendment  Effective  Date;  and  (ii)  delay  the  maturity  date  to  October  4,  2024,  or  any  earlier  date  on  which  the  Revolving 
Commitment  is  reduced  to  zero  or  otherwise  terminated  pursuant  to  the  terms  thereof.  See  Note  14,  Subsequent  Event  for 
further discussion.

50

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The  Seventh  Amendment  provides  that  the  Company  maintains  the  Reserves  under  the  Borrowing  Base  in  the  ABL  Credit 
Agreement at $1,500. In the event of a default, the Company may not be able to access the revolver, which could impact the 
ability  to  fund  working  capital  needs,  capital  expenditures  and  invest  in  new  business  opportunities.  The  total  collateral  at 
September  30,  2023  and  September  30,  2022  was  $21,089  and  $22,711,  respectively  and  the  revolving  commitment  was 
$30,000 and $35,000, respectively. Total availability at September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 was $2,830 and $9,403, 
respectively, which exceeds both the collateral and total commitment threshold. Since the availability exceeded the Reserves 
minimum  of  $1,500    as  of  September  30,  2023  and  10.0%  of  the  revolving  commitment  at  September  30,  2022,  the  FCCR 
calculation was not required. The Company's letters of credit balance was $1,970 for both periods.

Borrowings will bear interest at the Lender's established domestic rate or SOFR, plus the applicable margin as set forth in the 
Seventh Amendment. The revolver has a rate based on SOFR plus 2.25% spread, which was 7.68% at September 30, 2023 and 
a rate based on SOFR plus 2.25% spread, which was 4.86% at September 30, 2022. The Export Credit Agreement has a rate 
based on SOFR plus 1.75% spread, which was 7.18% at September 30, 2023 and a rate based on SOFR plus 1.75% spread, 
which was 4.36% at September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company also has a commitment fee of 0.25% under the Credit 
Agreement as amended to be incurred on the unused balance of the revolver. 

Subordinated Promissory Note and Guarantee
The  Company,  in  connection  with  and  as  a  condition  to  the  agreement  by  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  to  consummate  the 
transactions  contemplated  by  the  Ninth  Amendment  and  the  Fourth  Amendment,  incurred  a  secured  subordinated  loan  from 
Garnet  Holdings,  Inc.,  a  California  corporation  owned  and  controlled  by  Mark  J.  Silk  (“GHI”)  (Mr.  Silk  is  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  and  considered  a  related  party),  in  the  original  principal  amount  of  $3,000  (the 
“Subordinated  Loan”)  on  the  terms  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  a  Subordinated  Secured  Promissory  Note  (the 
“Subordinated  Promissory  Note”).  The  obligations  of  borrowers  under  the  Subordinated  Loan  mature  on  October  4,  2024. 
Interest accrues on the then-outstanding principal amount at a rate of 14% per annum and shall be paid in kind (and not in cash) 
by capitalization as additional principal ("PIK Interest") each six-month period after the date hereof in arrears. The Company 
agreed to pay to Mr. Silk a fully earned and non-refundable fee in an amount equal to $150, which fee shall be due and payable 
in full on, and subject to the occurrence of the Maturity Date or such earlier date on which the Company’s obligations under the 
Subordinated  Promissory  Note  are  accelerated  pursuant  to  the  terms  thereof.  Borrower’s  obligations  under  the  Subordinated 
Promissory Note are secured by a first priority lien, subject to any liens granted to Lender as described in the Subordination 
Agreement,  on  all  of  borrowers’  accounts,  deposit  accounts,  contract  rights,  documents,  equipment,  general  intangibles, 
instruments, inventory, investment property, commercial tort claims, all other goods and personal property whether tangible or 
intangible  and  wherever  located,  and  all  proceeds  of  the  foregoing.  See  Note  13,  Related  Party  Transactions  and  Note  14, 
Subsequent Event.

The Ninth Amendment, was also subject to including, but not limited to, the execution and delivery by Mark. J. Silk, a member 
of the Board of Directors of the Company (“Silk”), of a Guaranty Agreement (the “Guaranty”) in favor of Lender pursuant to 
which Silk guarantees the obligations of borrowers under the Credit Agreement and Export Credit Agreement. The Fee Letter 
requires the borrowers to pay Silk a fee in an amount equal to $760 (the “Guaranty Fee”) in consideration for his agreement to 
execute and deliver the Guaranty. The Guaranty Fee becomes due and payable on the maturity date. See Note 13, Related Party 
Transactions and Note 14, Subsequent Event.

51

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Foreign subsidiary borrowings
Foreign debt at September 30 consists of:

Term loan

Short-term borrowings

Factor

Total debt

Less – current maturities

Total long-term debt

Receivables pledged as collateral

2023

2022

3,293  $ 

1,862 

616 

5,771  $ 

(3,386)   

2,385  $ 

3,818 

2,289 

994 

7,101 

(4,078) 

3,023 

1,247  $ 

792 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Interest rates are based on Euribor rates plus spread which range from 0.5% to 7.9%.  In September 2020, Maniago entered into 
a  long-term  term  debt  agreement  in  the  amount  of  $1,465,  which  was  used  to  repay  existing  debt  and  for  working  capital 
purposes. The long-term loan repayment schedule is over a 72 month period and has a rate based on Euribor plus 3.20% spread, 
which was 6.96% at September 30, 2023. To assist with the preservation of liquidity and uncertainty of COVID-19, subsequent 
to September 30, 2020, Maniago finalized with certain lenders a deferment of payments ranging between 6 to 12 months which 
has been reflected within the future minimum payment schedule.  

The  Maniago  location  factors  receivables  from  one  of  its  customers.  The  factoring  programs  are  uncommitted,  whereby  the 
Company  offers  receivables  for  sale  to  an  unaffiliated  financial  institution,  which  are  then  subject  to  acceptance  by  the 
unaffiliated financial institution. Following the sale and transfer of the receivables to the unaffiliated financial institution, the 
receivables are not isolated from the Company, and effective control of the receivables is not passed to the unaffiliated financial 
institution, which does not have the right to pledge or sell the receivables. The Company accounts for the pledge of receivables 
under this agreement as short-term debt and continues to carry the receivables on its consolidated balance sheets. 

The Maniago location did not obtain any new borrowings in fiscal 2023. In fiscal 2022, the location obtained borrowings from 
two  separate  lenders.  The  first  loan  agreement  was  entered  into  in  October  2021,  in  the  amount  of  $1,200  with  a  repayment 
term of six years. The second loan agreement was entered into in September 2022, in the amount of $1,100 with a repayment 
term of five years. The proceeds from the first loan were used for working capital and the proceeds from the second loan for 
capital investment.

The  Maniago  location  obtained  borrowings  from  two  separate  lenders  in  fiscal  2021.  The  first  loan  was  for  $717  with 
repayment  terms  of  approximately  seven  years,  of  which  $287  was  forgiven  in  the  same  period  and  was  recorded  in  other 
income within the consolidated statements of operations and treated as a gain on debt extinguishment. A second loan with a 
repayment term of five years was obtained in the amount of $303. The proceeds of these loans were used for working capital 
purposes.  

Payments on debt under foreign debt and other debt (excluding finance lease obligations, see Note 10, Leases) over the next 5 
fiscal years are as follows:

Minimum debt payments

$ 

$ 

20,047 

961 

884 

493 
48 
— 
22,433 

2024

2025

2026

2027
2028
Thereafter
 Total minimum debt payments

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Debt issuance costs
The  Company  had  debt  issuance  costs  of  $86,  which  are  included  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  as  a  deferred  charge  in 
other current assets, net of amortization of $78 and $46 at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Other
On April 10, 2020, the Company entered into an unsecured promissory note under the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP 
Loan”). The PPP Loan had an aggregate principal amount of $5,025. The loan proceeds were used for payroll payments and the 
SBA granted full forgiveness on January 25, 2022. The Company elected to treat the PPP Loan as debt under FASB Topic 470.  
As  such,  the  Company  derecognized  the  liability  in  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2022  when  the  loan  was  forgiven.  As  of 
September 30, 2023 and 2022 the PPP loan balance was $0 and $0, respectively.

6.  Revenue

The Company produces forged components for (i) turbine engines that power commercial, business and regional aircraft as well 
as military aircraft and armored military vehicles; (ii) airframe applications for a variety of aircraft; (iii) industrial gas and steam 
turbine engines for power generation units; and (iv) other commercial applications.

The following table represents a breakout of total revenue by customer type:

Commercial revenue

Military revenue

Total 

The following table represents revenue by the various components:

Net Sales
Aerospace components for:
Fixed wing aircraft
Rotorcraft

Energy components for power generation units
Commercial product and other revenue

Total

Years Ended
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

48,358  $ 

38,664 

87,022  $ 

39,786 

44,116 

83,902 

Years Ended
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

40,094  $ 
16,369 
23,033 
7,526 
87,022  $ 

39,474 
15,602 
17,396 
11,430 
83,902 

The following table represents revenue by geographic region based on the Company's selling operation locations:

Net Sales
North America
Europe

Total

Years Ended
September 30,

2023
66,067  $ 
20,955 
87,022  $ 

2022

68,333 
15,569 
83,902 

$ 

$ 

In  addition  to  the  disaggregating  revenue  information  provided  above,  approximately  46%  and  56%  of  total  net  sales  as  of 
September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, was recognized on an over-time basis because of the continuous transfer of control 
to the customer, with the remainder recognized at a point in time.  

Contract Balances

Generally, payment is due upon the shipment of goods. For performance obligations recognized at a point in time, a contract 
asset is not established as the billing and revenue recognition occur at the same time. For performance obligations recognized 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

over time, a contract asset is established for revenue that is recognized prior to billing and shipment. Upon shipment and billing, 
the value of the contract asset is reversed and accounts receivable is recorded. In circumstances where prepayments are required 
and payment is made prior to satisfaction of performance obligations, a contract liability is established. If the satisfaction of the 
performance obligation occurs over time, the contract liability is reversed over the course of production. If the satisfaction of 
the performance obligation is point in time, the contract liability reverses upon shipment.  

The following table contains a roll forward of contract assets and contract liabilities for the period ended September 30, 2023 
and 2022:

Contract assets - Ending balance, September 30, 2021

Additional revenue recognized over-time

Less amounts billed to the customers

Contract assets - Ending balance, September 30, 2022

Additional revenue recognized over-time

Less amounts billed to the customers

Contract assets - Ending balance, September 30, 2023

Contract liabilities (included within Accrued liabilities) - Ending balance, September 30, 2021

Payments received in advance of performance obligations

Performance obligations satisfied

Contract liabilities (included within Accrued liabilities) - Ending balance, September 30, 2022

Payments received in advance of performance obligations

Performance obligations satisfied

Contract liabilities (included within Accrued liabilities) - Ending balance, September 30, 2023

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

12,874 

46,747 

(49,449) 

10,172 

40,265 

(40,346) 

10,091 

(236) 

(1,691) 

1,120 

(807) 

(2,242) 

1,899 

(1,150) 

There were no impairment losses recorded on contract assets during the year ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Remaining performance obligations

As  of  September  30,  2023  and  2022,  the  Company  has  $89,591  and  $81,852,  respectively,  of  remaining  performance 
obligations, the majority of which are anticipated to be completed within the next twelve months.

7.  Income Taxes

The components of loss before income tax provision (benefit) are as follows:

U.S.

Non-U.S.

Loss before income tax benefit

Years Ended 
 September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

(10,260)  $ 

1,727 

(8,533)  $ 

(6,985) 

(2,698) 

(9,683) 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Income tax provision (benefit) consist of the following:

Current income tax provision (benefit):

U.S. federal

U.S. state and local

Non-U.S.

Total current tax provision 

Deferred income tax provision (benefit):

U.S. federal

U.S. state and local

Non-U.S.

Total deferred tax provision (benefit)
Income tax provision (benefit)

Years Ended 
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

— 

$ 

2 

152 

154 

10 

3 

(8) 

5 

$ 

159 

$ 

— 

14 

(9) 

5 

10 

3 

(61) 

(48) 

(43) 

The income tax provision (benefit) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations differs from amounts determined 
by using the statutory rate as follows:

Loss before income tax provision (benefit)

Income tax provision (benefit) at U.S. federal statutory rates

Tax effect of:

Foreign rate differential

Permanent items

State and local income taxes

Federal tax credits

Valuation allowance

Other

Years Ended 
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

(8,533)  $ 

(9,683) 

(1,792) 

(2,033) 

(331) 

83 

5 

(179) 

2,363 

10 

(46) 

(1,032) 

18 

(157) 

3,198 

9 

(43) 

Income tax provision (benefit)

$ 

159 

$ 

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities at September 30 consist of the following:

Deferred tax assets:

Net U.S. operating loss carryforwards

Net non-U.S. operating loss carryforwards

Employee benefits

Inventory reserves

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Intangibles

Foreign tax credits

Other tax credits

Other 

2023

2022

$ 

8,107 

$ 

740 

1,088 

569 

62 

759 

1,724 

1,882 

2,130 

6,166 

1,023 

1,514 

1,045 

33

1,223 

1,724 

1,684 

1,171 

Total deferred tax assets

$ 

17,061 

$ 

15,583 

Deferred tax liabilities:

Depreciation

Prepaid expenses

Other

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax assets 

Valuation allowance

Net deferred tax liabilities

(6,548) 

(355) 

(408) 

$ 

(7,311)  $ 

9,750 

(9,892) 

$ 

(142)  $ 

(7,298) 

(286) 

(419) 

(8,003) 

7,580 

(7,717) 

(137) 

At September 30, 2023, the Company has a non-U.S. tax loss carryforward of approximately $5,988 related to the Company’s 
non-operating  and  Italian  subsidiaries.  The  Company's  non-operating  subsidiary  ceased  operations  in  2007  and  therefore,  a 
valuation  allowance  has  been  recorded  against  the  deferred  tax  asset  related  to  the  Irish  tax  loss  carryforward  because  it  is 
unlikely  that  such  operating  loss  can  be  utilized  unless  the  Irish  subsidiary  resumes  operations.  Additionally,  a  valuation 
allowance has been recorded against the deferred tax asset related to the Italian tax loss carryforward as it is not more-likely-
than-not that the deferred tax asset will be realizable. The non-operating and Italian tax loss carryforwards do not expire.  

The Company has $1,724 of foreign tax credit carryforwards that are subject to expiration in fiscal 2025-2028, $1,705 of U.S. 
general  business  tax  credits  that  are  subject  to  expiration  in  2035-2043,  $1,001  of  interest  expense  carryforward  that  do  not 
expire, and $33,205 of U.S. Federal tax loss carryforwards with $9,107 subject to expiration in fiscal 2037 and $24,098 that do 
not  expire.  A  valuation  allowance  has  been  recorded  against  the  deferred  tax  assets  related  to  the  foreign  tax  credit 
carryforwards, U.S. general business credits, interest expense carryforward, and U.S. Federal tax loss carryforwards.

In addition, the Company has $178 of U.S. state tax credit carryforwards subject to expiration in fiscal 2024 and $28,561 of 
U.S. state and local tax loss carryforwards subject to expiration in fiscal 2024-2043. The U.S. state tax credit carryforwards and 
U.S. state and local tax loss carryforwards have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. 

The Company reported liabilities for uncertain tax positions, excluding any related interest and penalties, of $22 for both fiscal 
2023  and  2022.  If  recognized,  $22  of  the  fiscal  2023  uncertain  tax  positions  would  impact  the  effective  tax  rate.  As  of 
September 30, 2023, the Company had accrued interest of $17 and recognized $1 for interest and penalties in operations. The 
Company classifies interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as income tax expense. A summary of activity related to the 
Company’s uncertain tax position is as follows:

Balance at beginning of year
Decrease due to lapse of statute of limitations
Balance at end of year

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

22  $ 

— 

22  $ 

22 

— 

22 

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, Ireland, Italy and various states and local jurisdictions. 
The Company believes it has appropriate support for its federal income tax returns. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. 
federal income tax examinations by tax authorities for fiscal years prior to 2020, state and local income tax examinations for 
fiscal years prior to 2017, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for fiscal years prior to 2007.

The Company does not record deferred taxes on the undistributed earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries as it does not expect the 
temporary differences related to those unremitted earnings to reverse in the foreseeable future. As of September 30, 2023, the 
Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries had accumulated deficits of approximately $731. Future distributions of accumulated earnings 
of the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries may be subject to nominal withholding taxes.

8.  Retirement Benefit Plans

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company and certain of its subsidiaries sponsor four defined benefit pension plans covering some of its employees. The 
Company’s funding policy for its defined benefit pension plans is based on an actuarially determined cost method allowable 
under  Internal  Revenue  Service  regulations.  One  of  the  defined  benefit  pension  plans  covers  non-union  employees  of  the 
Company’s U.S. operations who were hired prior to March 1, 2003. Benefit accruals ceased in March 2003. A second defined 
benefit plan covered employees at a business location that closed in December 2013, at which time benefits accruals ceased.  
The third defined pension plan covers one of the Company's union groups at the Cleveland location. Benefits accruals under 
this  plan  ceased  in  March  2020,  when  the  then-current  union  disclaimed  all  interest  in  the  bargaining  unit.  Curtailment 
occurred;  however,  there  was  no  impact  to  consolidated  financial  statements.  A  new  union  was  certified  and  the  collective 
bargaining  agreement  was  finalized  in  December  2021,  at  which  time  it  was  agreed  that  the  defined  benefit  plan  would  be 
frozen and retirement benefits are to be provided through a defined contribution plan. The Company sponsors a fourth defined 
benefit plan for certain employees at its Maniago location. The plan is a severance entitlement payable to the Italian employees 
who qualified prior to December 27, 2006. The plan is considered an unfunded defined benefit plan and its liability is measured 
as  the  actuarial  present  value  of  the  vested  benefits  to  which  the  employees  would  be  entitled  if  they  separated  at  the 
consolidated balance sheet date.

The Company uses a September 30 measurement date for its U.S. defined benefit pension plans. Net pension expense, benefit 
obligations and plan assets for the Company-sponsored defined benefit pension plans consist of the following:

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of net loss

Settlement cost

$ 

24  $ 

1,090 

(1,101) 

319 

108 

Net pension expense for defined benefit plans (non-operating expense)

$ 

440  $ 

42 

714 

(1,362) 

476 

208 

78 

Years Ended 
 September 30,

2023

2022

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The status of all defined benefit pension plans at September 30 is as follows:

Benefit obligations:

Benefit obligations at beginning of year

Service cost

Interest cost

Actuarial (gain)

Benefits paid

Currency translation

Benefit obligations at end of year

Plan assets:

Plan assets at beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets
Employer contributions
Benefits paid

Plan assets at end of year

Underfunded status at end of year

2023

2022

$ 

22,795  $ 

29,330 

24 

1,090 

(1,463) 

(1,814) 

25 

42 

714 

(5,265) 

(1,970) 

(56) 

20,657  $ 

22,795 

17,937  $ 

979 

92 

(1,814) 

17,194  $ 

23,211 

(3,376) 

72 

(1,970) 

17,937 

(3,463)  $ 

(4,858) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

As shown within the above table, there was a decrease in the benefit obligation of $2,138 to $20,657 at September 30, 2023 
compared with $22,795 at September 30, 2022.  The primary drivers that attributed to the change pertained to increase in the  
discount rate used partially offset by asset returns. 

Plans in which
Benefit Obligations
Exceed Assets at
September 30,

2023

2022

$ 

(3,463)  $ 

(4,858) 

4,504 

$ 

1,041  $ 

(46) 

(3,417) 

4,504 

6,271 

1,413 

(46) 

(4,812) 

6,271 

1,413 

Reconciliation of funded status:

Plan assets less than projected benefit obligations

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:

Net loss

Net amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets

Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets are:

Accrued liabilities

Pension liability

Accumulated other comprehensive loss – pretax

Net amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets

$ 

1,041  $ 

Where  applicable,  the  following  weighted-average  assumptions  were  used  in  developing  the  benefit  obligation  and  the  net 
pension expense for defined benefit pension plans:

Discount rate for liabilities
Discount rate for expenses
Expected return on assets

58

Years Ended
September 30,

2023

2022

 5.6 %
 5.1 %
 6.2 %

 5.2 %
 2.9 %
 6.4 %

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Company held investments in pooled separate accounts and common/collective trusts prior to February 2023, in which the 
fair value of assets of the underlying funds are determined in the following ways:

•

•

•

•

•

U.S. equity securities are comprised of domestic equities that are priced using the closing price of the applicable 
nationally  recognized  stock  exchange,  as  provided  by  industry  standard  vendors  such  as  Interactive  Data 
Corporation.

Non-U.S. equity securities are comprised of international equities.  These securities are priced using the closing 
price from the applicable foreign stock exchange.

U.S. bond funds are comprised of domestic fixed income securities.  Securities are priced by industry standards 
vendors,  such  as  Interactive  Data  Corporation,  using  inputs  such  as  benchmark  yields,  reported  trades,  broker/
dealer quotes, or issuer spreads.  

◦

Included as part of the U.S. bond funds, was a private placement funds, for which fair market value is not 
always  commercially  available,  the  fair  value  of  these  investments  is  primarily  determined  using  a 
discounted  cash  flow  model,  which  utilizes  a  discount  rate  based  upon  the  average  of  spread  surveys 
collected from private-market intermediaries who are active in both primary and secondary transactions, 
and takes into account, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the 
reduced liquidity associated with private placements.

Non-U.S. bond funds are comprised of international fixed income securities.  Securities are priced by Interactive 
Data Corporation, using inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, or issuer spreads.  

Stable value fund is comprised of short-term securities and cash equivalent securities, which seek to provide high 
current income consistent with the preservation of principal and liquidity.  As permitted under relevant securities 
laws,  securities  in  this  type  of  fund  are  valued  initially  at  cost  and  thereafter  adjusted  for  amortization  of  any 
discount or premium. 

During  fiscal  2023,  the  Company  transferred  its  investments  to  a  new  custodian.  The  Company  held  investments  in  mutual 
funds and money market funds, in which the fair value of assets of the underlying funds are determined in the following ways:

• Mutual  funds  are  valued  at  the  daily  closing  price  as  reported  by  the  fund.    Mutual  funds  held  are  open-ended 
mutual  funds  that  are  registered  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission.  These  funds  are  required  to 
publish their daily net asset value (“NAV”) and to transact at that price. The mutual funds held by the Plan are 
deemed to be actively traded.

• Money market funds are valued at NAV, which approximates fair value. 

The  methods  described  above  may  produce  a  fair  value  calculation  that  may  not  be  indicative  of  net  realizable  value  or 
reflective of future fair values.  However, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with 
other  market  participants,  the  use  of  different  methodologies  or  assumptions  to  determine  the  fair  value  of  certain  financial 
instruments could result in a different fair value measurement result. 

59

  
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables set forth the asset allocation of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan assets and summarize the fair 
values and levels within the fair value hierarchy for such plan assets as of September 30, 2023 and 2022: 

September 30, 2023
U.S. equity securities:

Large value

Large blend

Large growth

Mid blend

Small blend

Non-U.S. equity securities:

Foreign large blend

Diversified emerging markets

Global equity securities

U.S. debt securities:

Inflation protected bond

Intermediate term bond

Multi-sector bond

Stable value:

Cash or money market

Total plan assets at fair value

September 30, 2022
U.S. equity securities:
Large value
Large blend
Large growth
Mid blend
Small blend

Non-U.S. equity securities:
Foreign large blend
Diversified emerging markets

U.S. debt securities:

Inflation protected bond
Intermediate term bond
High inflation bond
Non-U.S. debt securities:

Emerging markets bonds

Stable value:

Short-term bonds

Total plan assets at fair value

Asset
Amount

Level 1

$ 

879  $ 

3,124 

1,060 

599 

499 

615 

272 

577 

— 

5,676 

2,044 

1,849 

$ 

17,194  $ 

879 

3,124 

1,060 

599 

499 

615 

272 

577 

5,676 

2,044 

1,849 

17,194 

Asset
Amount

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

393  $ 

393  $ 

7,637 
302 
167 
359 

1,276 
63 

971 
6,332 
78 

7,637 
302 
167 
359 

1,276 
63 

971 
4,503 
78 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 

— 
1,829 
— 

— 

— 

— 

359 
17,937  $ 

359 
16,108  $ 

$ 

— 
1,829 

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 investments during the years ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as 
follows:

Balance at beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets

Purchases and sales of plan assets, net

Balance at end of year

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

1,829  $ 

94 

(1,923)   

—  $ 

2,108 

(279) 

— 

1,829 

Investment objectives relative to the assets of the Company’s defined benefit pension plans are to (i) optimize the long-term 
return on the plans’ assets while assuming an acceptable level of investment risk; (ii) maintain an appropriate diversification 
across asset categories and among investment managers; and (iii) maintain a careful monitoring of the risk level within each 
asset  category.  Asset  allocation  objectives  are  established  to  promote  optimal  expected  returns  and  volatility  characteristics 
given the long-term time horizon for fulfilling the obligations of the Company’s defined benefit pension plans. Selection of the 
appropriate asset allocation for the plans’ assets was based upon a review of the expected return and risk characteristics of each 
asset category in relation to the anticipated timing of future plan benefit payment obligations. The Company has a long-term 
objective for the allocation of plan assets. However, the Company realizes that actual allocations at any point in time will likely 
vary  from  this  objective  due  principally  to  (i)  the  impact  of  market  conditions  on  plan  asset  values  and  (ii)  required  cash 
contributions to and distribution from the plans. The “Asset Allocation Range” listed below anticipates these potential scenarios 
and provides flexibility for the plans' investments to vary around the objective without triggering a reallocation of the assets, as 
noted by the following:

U.S. equities
Non-U.S. equities
U.S. debt securities
Non-U.S. debt securities
Other securities
Total

Percent of Plan Assets at
September 30,

2023

2022

 36 %
 8 %
 45 %
 — %
 11 %
 100 %

 49 %
 8 %
 41 %
 — %
 2 %
 100 %

Asset
Allocation
Range

30% to 70%
0% to 20%
20% to 70%
0% to10%
0% to 60%

External consultants assist the Company with monitoring the appropriateness of the above investment strategy and the related 
asset  mix  and  performance.  To  develop  the  expected  long-term  rate  of  return  assumptions  on  plan  assets,  generally  the 
Company uses long-term historical information for the target asset mix selected. Adjustments are made to the expected long-
term rate of return assumptions when deemed necessary based upon revised expectations of future investment performance of 
the overall investments markets.

The Company anticipates making approximately $93 in contributions to its defined benefit pension plans during fiscal 2024. 
The Company has carryover balances from previous periods that may be available for use as a credit to reduce the amount of 
contributions  that  the  Company  is  required  to  make  to  certain  of  its  defined  benefit  pension  plans  in  fiscal  2024.  The 
Company’s ability to elect to use such carryover balances will be determined based on the actual funded status of each defined 
benefit pension plan relative to the plan’s minimum regulatory funding requirements. 

61

 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following defined benefit payment amounts are expected to be made in the future:

Years Ending
September 30,

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029-2032

Projected
Benefit Payments

$ 

2,295 

1,893 

1,724 

1,669 

1,643 

7,497 

Multi-Employer Plan

As noted within Note 12, Business Information, one of the bargaining units previously participated in a multi-employer plan; 
however,  as  part  of  the  ratification  of  a  new  collective  bargaining  agreement  in  December  2019,  there  was  a  provision  to 
withdraw from the existing multi-employer plan effective December 31, 2019. The withdrawal resulted in a liability of $739, 
which  was  recorded  within  the  costs  of  goods  sold  line  in  fiscal  2020  of  the  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and  is 
included in other long-term liabilities. The liability is payable in quarterly installments over the next 20 years. The next four 
quarterly installments are recorded in accrued liabilities of the consolidated balance sheet. 

Defined Contribution Plans

Substantially  all  non-union  U.S.  employees  of  the  Company  and  its  U.S.  subsidiaries  are  eligible  to  participate  in  the 
Company’s U.S. defined contribution plan. The Company makes non-discretionary, regular matching contributions to this plan 
equal  to  an  amount  that  represents  one  hundred  percent  (100%)  of  a  participant’s  deferral  contribution  up  to  one  percent 
(1%) of eligible compensation plus eighty percent (80%) of a participant’s deferral contribution between one percent (1%) and 
six  percent  (6%)  of  eligible  compensation.  The  Company’s  regular  matching  contribution  expense  for  its  U.S.  defined 
contribution  plan  in  fiscal  2023  and  2022  was  $516  and  $528,  respectively.  This  defined  contribution  plan  provides  that  the 
Company  may  also  make  an  additional  discretionary  matching  contribution  during  those  periods  in  which  the  Company 
achieves  certain  performance  levels.  The  Company  did  not  provide  additional  discretionary  matching  contributions  in  either 
fiscal 2023 and 2022. 

The Company sponsors two defined contribution plans for the Cleveland bargaining units that either withdrew from the multi-
employer  plan  (union)  pension  plan  or  bargained  to  freeze  the  company-sponsored  pension  plan.  Impacted  employees  were 
enrolled into one of two newly formed defined contribution plans. The Company makes a non-elective contribution equal to 
$1.50  or  $1.25  per  work,  vacation,  or  holiday  hour,  up  to  a  maximum  of  40  hours  per  week.  The  Company's  non-elective 
contribution expense was $222 in fiscal 2023 and $204 in fiscal 2022.  

The  Company  sponsors  a  defined  contribution  plan  for  certain  of  its  Maniago  union  employees.  The  plan  is  a  severance 
entitlement plan payable to Italian employees based on local government laws, which qualifies as a defined contribution plan.  

9. Stock-Based Compensation

The  Company  has  awarded  performance  and  restricted  shares  under  the  Company's  2007  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  ("2007 
Plan")  and  the  Company's  2007  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  (Amended  and  Restated  as  of  November  16,  2016)  (as  further 
amended, the "2016 Plan"). The aggregate number of shares that may be awarded by the Company under the 2016 Plan is 1,196 
shares, less any shares previously awarded and subject to an adjustment for the forfeiture of any unvested shares. In addition, 
shares that may be awarded are subject to individual recipient award limitations. The shares awarded under the 2016 Plan may 
be made in multiple forms including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted or unrestricted stock, and performance 
related shares. Any such awards are exercisable no later than ten years from the date of grant.

The performance shares that have been awarded under both plans generally provide for the vesting of the Company’s common 
shares  upon  the  Company  achieving  certain  defined  financial  performance  objectives  during  a  period  up  to  three  years 
following the granting of such award. The ultimate number of common shares of the Company that may be earned pursuant to 
an  award  ranges  from  a  minimum  of  no  shares  to  a  maximum  of  200%  of  the  initial  target  number  of  performance  shares 

62

 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

awarded,  depending  on  the  level  of  the  Company’s  achievement  of  its  financial  performance  objectives.  Beginning  in  fiscal 
2020, the maximum shares that may be achieved was reduced to 150% of target. 

With  respect  to  such  performance  shares,  compensation  expense  is  being  accrued  based  on  the  probability  of  meeting  the 
performance target.  The Company is not recognizing compensation expense for three tranches of awards as it has concluded it 
is not probable that the performance criteria for those awards will be met. During each future reporting period, such expense 
may  be  subject  to  adjustment  based  upon  the  Company's  financial  performance,  which  impacts  the  number  of  shares  that  it 
expects to vest upon the completion of a performance period. The performance shares were valued at the closing market price 
of the Company’s common shares on the date of grant. The vesting of such shares is determined at the end of the performance 
period.  

The  Company  has  awarded  restricted  shares  to  certain  of  its  directors,  officers  and  other  employees  of  the  Company.  The 
restricted shares were valued at the closing market price of the Company’s common shares on the date of grant, and such value 
was  recorded  as  unearned  compensation.  The  unearned  compensation  is  being  amortized  ratably  over  the  restricted  stock 
vesting period of one (1) year or three (3) years.

If all outstanding share awards are ultimately earned and vest at the target number of shares, there are approximately 420 shares 
that remain available for award at September 30, 2023. If any of the outstanding share awards are ultimately earned and vest at 
greater than the target number of shares, up to the maximum of 200% or 150% of such target, then a fewer number of shares 
would be available for award.

Stock-based compensation under the 2016 Plan was expense of $375 and $428 for fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of 
September 30, 2023, there was $259 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the performance and restricted shares 
awarded under the 2016 Plan. The Company expects to recognize this cost over the next year.

The following is a summary of activity related to performance and restricted shares:

2023

2022

Weighted 
Average 
Fair 
Value at Date 
of Grant

Number of
Shares

Number of
Shares

Weighted 
Average 
Fair 
Value at Date 
of Grant

305  $ 

97 

(126)   

27 

(70)   
233  $ 

4.75 

3.08 

3.85 

2.84 

3.67 
4.65 

406  $ 

72 

(75)   

44 

(142)   
305  $ 

4.05 

7.18 

6.47 

8.00 

4.73 
4.75 

Outstanding at beginning of year

Restricted shares awarded

Restricted shares earned 

Performance shares awarded 

Awards forfeited 

Outstanding at end of year

63

                             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

10. Leases

The components of lease expense were as follows:

Lease expense

Finance lease expense:

Amortization of right-of use assets on finance leases

Interest on lease liabilities

Operating lease expense

Variable lease cost

Total lease expense

Year Ended 
 September 30, 
2023

Year Ended 
 September 30, 
2022

$ 

$ 

65 

$ 

7

1,681 

98

1,851 

$ 

46 

4

1,696 

118

1,864 

The following table presents the impact of leasing on the consolidated balance sheet  at September 30:

Classification to the consolidated balance sheets

2023

2022

Assets:

Finance lease assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Operating lease assets

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

Total lease assets

Current liabilities:

Finance lease liabilities

Current maturities of long-term debt

Operating lease liabilities

Short-term operating lease liabilities

Non-current liabilities:

Finance lease liabilities

Long-term debt, net of current maturities

Operating lease liabilities

Long-term operating lease liabilities, net of short-term

$ 

$ 

$ 

147  $ 

14,380 

14,527  $ 

61  $ 

869 

81 

14,020 

Total lease liabilities

$ 

15,031  $ 

Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases were as follows:

202 

15,167 

15,369 

61 

792 

131 

14,786 

15,770 

Other Information

Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of liabilities:

Operating cash flows from operating leases

Operating cash flows from finance leases

Financing cash flows from finance leases

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities:

Finance leases

Operating leases

September 30, 
2023

September 30, 
2022

$ 

$ 

1,681 

$ 

1,693 

8

62

— 

109 

3

53

206 

236 

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):

Finance leases

Operating leases

Weighted-average discount rate:

Finance leases

Operating leases

September 30, 
2023

September 30, 
2022

2.9

12.5

 5.13 %

 5.93 %

3.6

13.5

 4.70 %

 5.93 %

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of September 30, 2023 were as follows:

Year ending September 30,

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter

Total lease payments

Less: Imputed interest

Present value of lease liabilities

11. Commitments and Contingencies

Finance 
Leases

Operating
Leases

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

66 

36 

29 

21 

— 

— 

152 

$ 

(10) 

1,699 

1,696 

1,693 

1,702 

1,557 

12,740 

21,087 

(6,198) 

142 

$ 

14,889 

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Company  may  be  involved  in  ordinary,  routine  legal  actions.  The  Company  cannot 
reasonably estimate future costs, if any, related to these matters; however, it does not believe any such matters are material to its 
financial condition or results of operations. The Company maintains various liability insurance coverages to protect its assets 
from  losses  arising  out  of  or  involving  activities  associated  with  ongoing  and  normal  business  operations;  however,  it  is 
possible that the Company’s future operating results could be affected by future costs of litigation.

On December 30, 2022, the Company became aware of a cyber security issue involving unauthorized access to the Company's 
system.  The Company immediately began an investigation and engaged cyber security experts to assist with the assessment of 
the incident and to help determine what data was impacted. The Company's investigation uncovered that the threat actor had 
gained access to certain areas of the Company's systems on or about December 27, 2022. With the assistance of outside cyber 
security  experts,  the  Company  located  and  closed  the  unauthorized  access  to  our  systems  and  identified  compromised 
information, and notified those impacted in accordance with state and federal requirements. The Company undertook a number 
of other measures to demonstrate our continued support and commitment to data privacy and protection and coordinated with 
law enforcement.

The Company maintains $3,000 of cybersecurity insurance coverage to limit our exposure to losses such as those related to the 
Cyber Incident. The Company recorded costs of $60 to other expense (income), net of $3,000 insurance recovery and $1,215 to 
selling, general and administrative expense in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, resulting in net IT incident costs of  
$1,275 in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023. The Company received the $3,000 of insurance proceeds on February 
20,  2023.  At  September  30,  2023,  the  Company  recorded  $965  related  to  the  Cyber  Incident  in  accounts  payable  on  the 
consolidated condensed balance sheets.

The Company has incurred, and may continue to incur, certain expenses related to this attack, including expenses associated 
with additional remediation measures.  The Company will accrue these costs as incurred.

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

12. Business Information

The  Company  identifies  itself  as  one  operating  segment,  SIFCO,  which  is  a  manufacturer  of  forgings  and  machined 
components for the A&E markets.

Geographic  net  sales  are  based  on  location  of  customer.  The  United  States  of  America  is  the  single  largest  country  for 
unaffiliated customer sales, accounting for 59% and 72% of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. No 
other  single  country  represents  greater  than  10%  of  consolidated  net  sales  in  fiscal  2023  and  2022.  Net  sales  to  unaffiliated 
customers located in various European countries accounted for 29% and 19% of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2023 and 2022, 
respectively. Net sales to unaffiliated customers located in various Asian countries accounted for 7% and 6% of consolidated 
net sales in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. Other North American countries represent 6% and 3% of consolidated net sales 
in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The majority of the Company's operations and identifiable assets are located within the United States with the exception of its 
non-U.S. subsidiary located in Maniago, Italy. The identifiable assets for the Company's foreign subsidiaries as of September 
30, 2023 were $16,460, or 17% of total assets, compared with $15,219, of 16% of total assets, as of September 30, 2022.

Long-Lived Assets

United States

Europe

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

47,261 

7,258 

54,519 

51,801 

6,686 

58,487 

At September 30, 2023, approximately 189 of the hourly plant personnel are represented by three separate collective bargaining 
agreements. The table below shows the expiration dates of the collective bargaining agreements.

Plant locations

Cleveland, Ohio (unit 1)

Cleveland, Ohio (unit 2)

Maniago, Italy 

Expiration date

May 15, 2025

March 31, 2025

June 30, 2024

The Company is a party to collective bargaining agreements ("CBA") with certain employees located in Cleveland, which has 
two bargaining units. The Company's Cleveland bargaining unit 1 ratified its CBA in fiscal 2020. The second bargaining unit, 
under its new representative the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, was ratified in fiscal 2022. The Maniago location is 
party to the National Collective Agreement in Metalworking, which was renewed in February 2021.

13. Related Party Transactions

On December 21, 2023, the Company entered into the Ninth Amendment to the Credit Agreement and Fourth Amendment to 
the  Export  Credit  agreement  with  its  lender  incurring  a  secured  subordinated  loan  from  Garnet  Holdings,  Inc.,  a  California 
corporation owned and controlled by Mark J. Silk (“GHI”), in the original principal amount of  $3,000 (Mr. Silk is a member of 
the Board of Directors of the Company and considered a related party) and Mr. Silk delivered a personal guaranty in favor of 
the Company’s senior lender of certain Company indebtedness under the Credit Agreement and the Export Credit Agreement. 
See Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event for further information.

14. Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through December 29, 2023, the date the financial statements were available to 
be issued, and has determined that the following subsequent events require disclosure in the financial statements.

On  November  8,  2023,  the  Company  entered  into  the  Eighth  Amendment  to  the  Credit  Agreement  with  its  lender  which 
reduced the Reserves under the Borrowing Base in the Credit Agreement to $1,500, or such lesser amount, if any, as may be 
agreed upon in writing by the Lender in its sole discretion. See Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event for more information.

66

 
 
 
 
SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

On December 21, 2023, the Company entered into the Ninth Amendment to the Credit Agreement and the Fourth Amendment 
to the Export Credit Agreement with its lender. The Ninth Amendment amends the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) 
reduce  the  Revolving  Credit  Agreement  to  $19,000,  (ii)  modifies  the  loan  maturity  date  to  October  4,  2024;  (iii)  incurred  a 
secured subordinated loan from Garnet Holdings, Inc., a California corporation owned and controlled by Mark J. Silk (“GHI”) 
of $3,000 (iv) full personal guarantee from Mr. Silk; (v) maintains the Reserves under the Borrowing Base in the ABL Credit 
Agreement at $1,500, increasing on the first day of each month by $250, commencing on May 1, 2024 and continuing until 
(and including) August 1, 2024, or such a lesser amount, if any, as may be agreed upon in writing by the Lender in its sole 
discretion;  (vi)  modify  the  Applicable  Margin  schedule  to  reflect  the  following  applicable  rates  to  2.75%  (CBFR 
REVSOFR30),  0.25%  (CBFR  Spread  (CB  Floating  Rate)),  2.75%  (SOFR  Spread),  and  0.50%  (Commitment  Fee  Rate)  The 
Fourth  Amendment  of  the  Export  Credit  Agreement,  which  lends  amounts  to  the  Company  on  foreign  receivables  remained 
unchanged at $7,000 million, and extends the loan maturity date to October 4, 2024. See Note 5, Debt and Subsequent Event for 
further information.

On December 21, 2023, the Company issued a Subordinated Secured Promissory Note (the “Subordinated Promissory Note”) in 
the original principal amount of $3,000, on the terms and subject to the conditions of: (a) a Subordinated Secured Promissory 
Note in the original principal amount of $3,000 issued by borrowers to GHI, (b) a Subordination and Intercreditor Agreement 
(the “Subordination Agreement”) by and among borrowers, GHI and Lender, and (c) a Side Letter by and among borrowers and 
Mark  J.  Silk  (the  “Fee  Letter,”  and  together  with  the  Subordinated  Promissory  Note  and  Subordination  Agreement,  the 
“Subordinated  Loan  Documents”).  Interest  accrues  at  a  rate  of  14%  per  annum.  See  Note  5,  Debt  and  Subsequent  Event  for 
further information. 

67

Schedule II

SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Years Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
(Amounts in thousands)

Balance at
Beginning
of Period

Additions
(Reductions)
Charged to
Expense

Additions
(Reductions)
Charged to
Other
Accounts

Deductions

Balance at
End of
Period

Year Ended September 30, 2023
Deducted from asset accounts

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventory valuation accounts¹
Inventory LIFO reserve
Deferred tax valuation allowance

$ 

111  $ 

5,084 
9,939 
7,717 

143  $ 
188 
(305)   
2,574 

4  $ 
— 
— 
(399)   

$ 

(16) (a)
(930) (b)
— 
— 

242 
4,342 
9,634 
9,892 

Accrual for estimated liability

Workers’ compensation reserve

912 

285 

— 

(638) (c)

559 

Year Ended September 30, 2022
Deducted from asset accounts

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Inventory valuation accounts¹

Inventory LIFO reserve

Deferred tax valuation allowance

Accrual for estimated liability

167 

3,769 

9,210 

4,641 

(3)   

1,983 

729 

3,360 

— 

11 

— 

(284)   

(53) (a)

(679) (b)

—    

—    

111 

5,084 

9,939 

7,717 

Workers’ compensation reserve

888 

741 

— 

(717) (c)

912 

¹Inventory valuation accounts, previously Inventory obsolescence reserve, reflect the impact of excess and obsolete and net 
realizable value inventory write downs.

(a) Accounts determined to be uncollectible, net of recoveries
(b) Inventory sold or otherwise disposed
(c) Payment of workers’ compensation claims

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As  required  by  Rule  13a-15(b)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  (the  “Exchange  Act”),  the  Company’s  management, 
including  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  effective 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(e).  Our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are 
designed  to  ensure  that  information  required  to  be  disclosed  in  the  Company’s  SEC  reports  was  recorded,  processed, 
summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and that 
such  information  is  accumulated  and  communicated  to  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief 
Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 

The  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements  because  of  its  inherent 
limitations,  including  the  possibility  of  human  error,  the  circumvention  or  overriding  of  controls,  or  fraud.  Our  disclosure 
controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving 
the desired control objectives. Our management recognizes that any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, 
is  based  upon  certain  judgments  and  assumptions  and  cannot  provide  absolute  assurance  that  its  objectives  will  be  met. 

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Similarly, an evaluation of controls cannot provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or 
that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. If the Company fails to maintain the adequacy of its 
internal  controls,  including  any  failure  to  implement  required  new  or  improved  controls,  or  if  the  Company  experiences 
difficulties in their implementation, the Company's business and financial results could be harmed, and the Company could fail 
to meet its financial reporting obligations.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  September  30,  2023.  In  making  this  assessment,  our  management  used  the  criteria  for 
effective internal control over financial reporting described in the 2013 “Internal Control-Integrated Framework” issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management has determined 
that  due  to  the  material  weakness  described  below,  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  not  effective  as  of 
September 30, 2023. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial 
reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial 
statements  will  not  be  prevented  or  detected  on  a  timely  basis.  Notwithstanding  the  identified  material  weakness  described 
below, management does not believe that these deficiencies had an adverse effect on our reported operating results or financial 
condition and management has determined that the financial statements and other information included in this report and other 
periodic filings present fairly in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows at and for the 
periods presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP").

The Company identified the following material weakness which continues to exist as of September 30, 2023:

• On  December  30,  2022,  the  Company  experienced  a  cybersecurity  incident  that  led  to  a  disruption  of  its  domestic 
operations.  As  a  result  of  the  cyber  incident  and  its  residual  effects,  the  Company  identified  deficiencies  in  its 
oversight  and  backup  and  recovery  controls  that  represent  a  material  weakness  in  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies.

Remediation Plan for Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  and  the  Company's  Board  of  Directors  are  committed  to  improving  the  Company's  overall  system  of  internal 
controls over financial reporting.

In response to the material weakness identified in our control environment, the Company has made progress in executing our 
remediation action plan, including the following:

•

•

Implemented  additional  control  activities  to  enhance  backup  and  recovery  controls,  and  increased  oversight  of 
information technology systems, with emphasis on endpoint protection and detection as well as monitoring backups.

Further  engaged  with  outside  specialist  resources  to  assist  with  our  ongoing  assessment  of  existing  policies  and 
procedures.

Although progress has been made, the Company, with oversight of senior management and the Company’s Board of Directors, 
is planning to incorporate additional enhancements to policies and procedures influencing the Company’s preventative controls 
to support remediation.

We will continue to execute and monitor the status of our remediation action plan in fiscal year 2024 but, at this time, cannot 
estimate the remaining time it will take to complete the process or the costs of actions required. There is no assurance that the 
aforementioned plans will be sufficient and that additional steps may not be necessary.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting and other Remediation
As of September 30, 2023, no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) 
and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the Company's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, 
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

As  of  March  31,  2023,  management  has  designed  and  implemented  additional  controls  to  remediate  the  previously  reported 
material weaknesses in Item 9A on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 and in Item 4 on Form 10-Q for 
the first quarter ended December 31, 2022.

69

•

Lack of precise review controls associated with the valuation of inventory at the Orange location and long-lived asset 
impairment  triggering  event  indicators  in  the  fourth  quarter  at  the  Orange  location  were  not  sufficient  in  preventing 
material errors.

Management, with the oversight of the Audit Committee, took the following steps as part of our remediation efforts:

•

Implemented additional review controls related to certain accounting matters with manual calculations and financial 
statements disclosures to ensure appropriate valuation of inventory and identification and conclusion of indicators of 
impairment per ASC 360.

Given  the  remediation  efforts  noted  above,  testing  of  applicable  controls  completed  during  the  second  quarter  and  the 
determination  that  controls  are  designed  and  operating  effectively,  management  has  concluded  that  the  material  weakness  in 
Item 9A on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 has been remediated as of March 31, 2023.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

None.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Information about the Executive Officers of the Company appears in Part I of this Report. 

PART III

The  Company  incorporates  herein  by  reference  the  information  required  by  this  Item  as  to  the  Directors,  procedures  for 
recommending  Director  nominees  and  the  Audit  Committee  appearing  under  the  captions  “Proposal  1  -  To  Elect  Six 
(6) Directors,” and “Corporate Governance and Board of Director Matters” of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be 
filed with the SEC on or about December 29, 2023.

The  Directors  of  the  Company  are  elected  annually  to  serve  for  one-year  terms  or  until  their  successors  are  elected  and 
qualified.

The  Company  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Ethics  within  the  meaning  of  Item  406(b)  of  Regulation  S-K  under  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Code of Ethics is applicable to, among other people, the Company’s Chief Executive 
Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  who  is  the  Company’s  Principal  Financial  Officer,  and  Principal  Accounting  Officer.  The 
Company’s  Code  of  Ethics  (including  any  amendments  to,  or  related  waivers  from,  the  Code  of  Ethics)  is  available  on  its 
website: www.sifco.com.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The  Company  incorporates  herein  by  reference  the  information  appearing  under  the  captions  "Executive  Compensation"  and 
"Director  Compensation"  of  the  Company’s  definitive  Proxy  Statement  to  be  filed  with  the  SEC  on  or  about  December  29, 
2023.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters

The following table sets forth information regarding Common Shares to be issued under the Company’s equity compensation 
plans as of September 30, 2023.

70

Number of
securities to
be issued
upon
exercise of
outstanding
options, warrants 
and rights

Weighted-
average
exercise
price of
outstanding
options, warrants 
and rights

Number of
securities
remaining
available for
future
issuance
under equity
compensation
plans

Plan category 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders:

2016 Plan (1)

232,577 

N/A  

419,666 

(1)

Under  the  2016  Plan,  the  aggregate  number  of  common  shares  that  are  available  to  be  granted  is  1,196,401 
shares,  with  a  further  limit  of  no  more  than  50,000  shares  to  any  one  person  in  any  twelve-month  period.  For 
additional information concerning the Company’s equity compensation plans, refer to the discussion in Note 9, 
Stock-Based  Compensation.  These  securities  are  issued  under  time  based  vesting  for  retention  and/or  upon 
meeting performance objectives. 

The  Company  incorporates  herein  by  reference  the  beneficial  ownership  information  appearing  under  the  captions  "Stock 
Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners"  and  "Stock  Ownership  of  Executive  Officers,  Director  and  Nominees"  of  the 
Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC on or about December 29, 2023.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The Company incorporates herein by reference the information required by this item appearing under the captions "Corporate 
Governance and Board of Director Matters" of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC on or about 
December 29, 2023.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The  Company  incorporates  herein  by  reference  the  information  required  by  this  item  appearing  under  the  caption  "Principal 
Accounting Fees and Services" of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC on or about December 
29, 2023.

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a) (1) Financial Statements:

Part IV

The  following  Consolidated  Financial  Statements;  Notes  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  and  the  Report  of 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are included in Part II, Item 8 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(a) (2) Financial Statement Schedules:

The following financial statement schedule is included in Item 8:

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission are not required under the related regulations, are inapplicable, or the information has been included in the 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(a) (3) Exhibits:

The following exhibits are filed with this report or are incorporated herein by reference to a prior filing in accordance with 
Rule 12b-32 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. (Asterisk denotes exhibits filed with this report)

*Filed herewith.

**Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

71

 
Exhibit
No.
2.1

2.2

3.1

3.2

*4.1

9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

9.5

10.1**

10.2**

10.3**

10.4**

10.5**

10.6**

10.7

10.8**

10.9**

10.10**

10.11**

10.12**

Description
Stock Purchase Agreement between Riello Investimenti Partners SGR S.p.A., Giorgio Visentini, Giorgio Frassini, 
Giancarlo Sclabi and Matteo Talmassons and SIFCO Italy Holdings S.R.L (a wholly-owned subsidiary of SIFCO 
Industries  Inc.)  dated  March  16,  2015  filed  as  Exhibit  2.1  to  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  dated  July  2,  2015,  and 
incorporated herein by reference

Amendment  to  the  Stock  Purchase  Agreement    Riello  Investimenti  Partners  SGR  S.p.A.,  Giorgio  Visentini, 
Giorgio  Frassini,  Giancarlo  Sclabi  and  Matteo  Talmassons  and  SIFCO  Italy  Holdings  S.R.L  (a  wholly-owned 
subsidiary of SIFCO Industries Inc.) dated June 30, 2015 filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated 
July 2, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference

Third Amended Articles of Incorporation of SIFCO Industries, Inc., filed as Exhibit 3(a) of the Company’s Form 
10-Q dated March 31, 2002, and incorporated herein by reference
SIFCO Industries, Inc. Amended and Restated Code of Regulations dated January 28, 2016, filed as Exhibit 3.2 of 
the Company’s Form 10-K dated September 30, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference
Description of securities.

Voting Trust Agreement dated January 31, 2013, filed as Exhibit 9.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q dated February 
11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference
Voting Trust Extension Agreement dated January 15, 2015, filed as Exhibit 9.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q dated 
February 3, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference
Voting  Trust  Agreement  dated  January  31,  2017,  filed  as  Exhibit  9.3  to  the  Company's  Form  10-Q  dated 
December 31, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference

Voting Trust Extension Agreement dated January 18, 2019, filed as Exhibit 9.4 to the Company's Form 10-Q dated 
February 14, 2019, and incorporated herein by reference

Voting Trust Extension Agreement dated January 27, 2021, filed as Exhibit 9.5 to the Company's Form 10-Q dated 
February 5, 2021, and incorporated herein by reference
SIFCO Industries, Inc. 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan, filed as Exhibit A of the Company’s Proxy and Notice of 
2008 Annual Meeting to Shareholders dated December 14, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference
Letter Agreement between the Company and Jeffrey P. Gotschall, dated August 12, 2009 filed as Exhibit 10.1 of 
the Company’s Form 8-K dated August 12, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference 
Amendment  No.  1  to  the  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  2007  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan,  filed  as  Exhibit  A  of  the 
Company’s  Proxy  and  Notice  of  2011  Annual  Meeting  to  Shareholders  dated  December  15,  2010,  and 
incorporated herein by reference
Change in control Agreement and Separation Agreement between the Company and Peter W. Knapper, effective 
June 29, 2022, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated June 29, 2022 and incorporated herein by 
reference.

Form  of  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  Long-term  incentive  plan  performance  share  award,  filed  as  Exhibit  10.6  to  the 
Company's Form 10-Q dated May 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference
Form  of  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  Long-term  incentive  plan  restricted  share  award,  filed  as  Exhibit  10.7  to  the 
Company's Form 10-Q dated May 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference

Credit Agreement, dated August 8, 2018, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc. and Lender named therein and J.P. 
Morgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  filed  as  Exhibit  10.12  to  the  Company's  Form  10-Q  dated  August  9,  2018,  and 
incorporated herein by reference

Amendment and Restatement to the SIFCO Industries, Inc. 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan, filed as Exhibit A of 
the  Company’s  Proxy  and  Notice  of    2017  Annual  Meeting  to  Shareholders  dated  December  6,  2016,  and 
incorporated herein by reference

Form of SIFCO Industries, Inc. Long-term incentive plan performance share award, filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the 
Company's Form 10-Q dated January 31, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference

Form  of  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  Long-term  incentive  plan  restricted  share  award,  filed  as  Exhibit  10.15  to  the 
Company's Form 10-Q dated January 31, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference

Form  of  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  Long-term  incentive  plan  restricted  share  award,  filed  as  Exhibit  10.16  to  the 
Company's Form 10-Q dated January 31, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference

Change in Control Agreement and Separation Agreement between the Company and Thomas R. Kubera, effective 
June 29, 2019, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q dated July 1, 2019, and incorporated herein by 
reference

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21**

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated November 5, 2018, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., T & W 
Forge,  LLC,  Quality  Aluminum  Forge,  LLC,  and  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  a  national  banking  association, 
filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated November 8, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference

Economic Development Administration Title IX Loan Agreement, dated November 8, 2018, by and between the 
City of Cleveland and SIFCO Industries, Inc., filed as exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated November 8, 
2018, and incorporated herein by reference
Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated December 17, 2018, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., T&W 
Forge, LLC., Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, 
filed as exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 19, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference

Export Credit Agreement, dated December 17, 2018, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., T & W Forge, LLC, 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association filed as Exhibit 
10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 19, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference

Third  Amendment  to  Credit  Agreement,  dated  March  29,  2019,  by  and  among  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.,  Quality 
Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 10.19 to 
the Company's Form 10-Q dated May 10, 2019

Fourth  Amendment  to  Credit  Agreement,  dated  March  29,  2019,  by  and  among  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.,  Quality 
Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 10.1 to 
the Company's Form 8-K dated September 24, 2019

First  Amendment  to  the  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  2007  Long-term  Incentive  Plan  (Amended  and  Restated  as  of 
November 16, 2016) filed as Exhibit A of the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement dated December 16, 2019, 
and incorporated herein by reference

Promissory Note, dated April 10, 2020, by and between SIFCO Industries, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a 
national  banking  association,  filed  as  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company's  Form  8-K  dated  April  13,  2020,  and 
incorporated herein by reference

Form  of  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  Long-term  incentive  plan  restricted  share  award,  filed  as  Exhibit  10.21  to  the 
Company's Form 10-K dated December 23, 2020, and incorporated herein by reference
Fifth  Amendment  to  the  Credit  Agreement,  dated  February  19,  2021,  by  and  among  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc., 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 
10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated February 22, 2021, and incorporated herein by reference.

First Amendment to the Export Credit Agreement, dated February 19, 2021, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 
10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated February 22, 2021, and incorporated herein by reference.

Sixth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated March 23, 2022, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., Quality 
Aluminum Forge, LLC, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association filed as Exhibit 10.1 to 
the Company's Form 8-K dated March 24, 2022,  and incorporated herein by reference

Second Amendment to the Export Credit Agreement, dated March 23, 2022, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association filed as Exhibit 
10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated March 24, 2022, and incorporated herein by reference

Forbearance  Agreement,  dated  April  28,  2023,  by  and  among  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  SIFCO  Industries, 
Inc., T&W Forge LLC, and Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC.
Seventh Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated August 9, 2023, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., Quality 
Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 10.1 to 
the Company's Form 8-K dated August 10, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Third  Amendment  to  Export  Credit  Agreement,  dated  August  9,  2023,  by  and  among  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc., 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 
10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated August 10, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Eighth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated November 8, 2023, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., Quality 
Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 10.1 to 
the Company's Form 8-K dated November 13, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Ninth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated December 21, 2023, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., Quality 
Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 10.1 to 
the Company's Form 8-K dated December 28, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Fourth Amendment to Export Credit Agreement, dated December 21, 2023, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 
10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 28, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Subordinated  Promissory  Note  -  Garnet  Holdings  (M.  Silk),  dated  December  21,  2023,  by  and  among  SIFCO 
Industries, Inc., Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, 
filed as exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 28, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

73

10.33

10.34

14.1

*21.1

*23.1

*23.2

*31.1

*31.2

*32.1

*32.2

*97.1

*101

Silk Subordination and Intercreditor Agreement, dated December 21, 2023, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., 
Quality Aluminum Forge, LLC., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., a national banking association, filed as exhibit 
10.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 28, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Side Letter - MS Guaranty, dated December 21, 2023, by and among SIFCO Industries, Inc., Quality Aluminum 
Forge,  LLC.,  and  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  a  national  banking  association,  filed  as  exhibit  10.2  to  the 
Company's Form 8-K dated December 28, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference.

Code of Ethics, filed as Exhibit 14.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K dated February 6, 2018, and incorporated herein 
by reference

Subsidiaries of Company

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Grant Thornton

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a)

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a)

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation

The  following  financial  information  from  SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended 
September  30,  2023  filed  with  the  SEC  on  December  29,  2023,  formatted  in  XBRL  includes:  (i)  Consolidated 
Statements  of  Operations  for  the  years  ended  September  30,  2023  and  2022,  (ii)  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Comprehensive  Income  for  the  years  ended  September  30,  2023  and  2022,  (iii)  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  at 
September 30, 2023 and 2022, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended September 30, 2023 
and 2022, (vi) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 
and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

*104

Cover Page Interactive Data File: the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document and 
are contained with Exhibit 101

74

 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIFCO Industries, Inc.

By: /s/ Thomas R. Kubera

Thomas R. Kubera
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Date: December 29, 2023

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on December 29, 2023 
by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities indicated.

/s/ Alayne Reitman
Alayne Reitman
Chairman of the Board

/s/ Jeffrey P. Gotschall
Jeffrey P. Gotschall
Director

/s/ Mark J. Silk
Mark J. Silk
Director

/s/ Peter W. Knapper
Peter W. Knapper

President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Donald C. Molten, Jr.
Donald C. Molten, Jr.
Director

/s/ Hudson D. Smith
Hudson D. Smith
Director

/s/ Thomas R. Kubera

     Thomas R. Kubera

     Chief Financial Officer

     (Principal Financial Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
[This Page Intentionally Left Blank] 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS 

Jeffrey P. Gotschall 
Chairman Emeritus 

Alayne L. Reitman 
Formerly Vice President – Finance and 
Chief Financial Officer  
The Tranzonic Companies, Inc. 
Chairman of the Board 

Peter W. Knapper 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Donald C. Molten, Jr.  
Formerly Managing Partner of Dimensional 
Analytics, LLC 

Mark J. Silk 
President 
ThinKom Solutions, Inc. 
Partner  
Blue Sea Capital, LLC 

Hudson D. Smith 
President 
Forged Aerospace Sales, LLC 

OFFICERS 

AUDITORS 

RSM US LLP 
Certified Public Accountants 
127 Public Square Suite 2300 
Cleveland, Ohio 44114 

GENERAL COUNSEL 

Benesch Friedlander Coplan & Aronoff LLP  
127 Public Square, Suite 4900 
Cleveland, Ohio 44114 

COMPANY INFORMATION  

Included  with  this  Annual  Report  is  a  copy  of 
SIFCO  Industries,  Inc.’s  Form  10-K  filed  with 
the Securities and Exchange Commission for the 
year  ended  September  30,  2023.  Additional 
copies  of  the  Company’s  Form  10-K  and  other 
information  are  available  to  shareholders  upon 
written request to: 

                    Investor Relations 
                    SIFCO Industries, Inc. 
                    970 East 64th Street 
                    Cleveland, Ohio 44103 

We  also 
www.sifco.com. 

invite  you 

to  visit  our  website: 

Peter W. Knapper 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

ANNUAL MEETING 

Thomas R. Kubera 
Chief Financial Officer 

The  annual  meeting  of  shareholders  of  SIFCO 
Industries, Inc. will be held virtually at 9:30 a.m. 
EST on January 31, 2024. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2

2

0

2

970 East 64th Street • Cleveland, Ohio 44103-1694
Phone: (216) 881-8600 • www.sifco.com