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Simpson Manufacturing

ssd · NYSE Industrials
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Industry Construction
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2016 Annual Report · Simpson Manufacturing
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STRENGTH
BEYOND
STEEL

2016 ANNUAL REPORT 

SIMPSON MANUFACTURING CO., INC.

2  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

STRENGTH BEYOND STEEL

Through the natural strength of steel, 
we’ve helped make structures safer and 
stronger for more than 60 years. But steel 
alone isn’t what makes us the industry 
leader in structural product solutions. 

Beyond the reliable strength of our high-performance 
connectors, frames and fasteners, it’s our ironclad 
commitment to ongoing technological innovations, 
intensive product testing and training, incomparable 
field support and on-time product delivery that 
reveals our true strength. Above and beyond the 
durability of our steel, our customers have come to 
depend on our expertise and our partnership.

2016 Annual Report   |  3

S T O C K H O L D E R S ’ 
M E S S A G E

To our stockholders, customers and employees:

As a global company, we derive our strength not only from
the steel used to manufacture our products, but also from our
steadfast commitment to our core values and to delivering
strong financial results.

Creating Stockholder Value
In order to create the most value for stockholders, we at Simpson
Manufacturing Co., Inc., through our subsidiary Simpson Strong-Tie
Company Inc., continue to follow our disciplined capital allocation
strategy that balances capital expenditures and internal investments,
acquisitions, dividends and share repurchases. This disciplined
approach of returning cash to stockholders has enabled us to generate
solid returns again in 2016. Since 2010, we have increased our
quarterly dividend by 80%. In the last five years, we have repurchased
more than $166 million in shares. We continue to support our capital
allocation target of returning to our stockholders 50% of cash from
operations through both dividends and repurchase of company shares
of common stock.

In 2016, our sales were up 8%, our income from operations was up
16%, and our declared quarterly dividend totaled 70 cents per share
for the year. Our successful financial performance was a direct result
of our employees and their keen focus on innovation and customer
service, as well as our ongoing efforts to expand our business
strategically.

To further add value for our stockholders, we have made several
changes to our executive compensation program based on company
strategic goals and direct stockholder feedback. The revised program
shifts our benchmarking pay practices to target the median, extends
the performance period of our long-term equity awards, reduces the
proportion of compensation delivered through our CPS program for
Named Executive Officers, and establishes long-term performance
metrics that align with our strategy.

We also made significant changes to our governance practices by
eliminating the Shareholders Rights Plan ahead of the 2019 expiration
date, decreasing our director term limit for new directors from 20
years to 15 years, proposed to declassify the staggered board, and 
adopting clawback, anti-hedging and anti-pledging policies.

Investing in Our Future
As we look ahead to 2017 and beyond, the dedicated employees
of Simpson Strong-Tie will continue to focus on our key strengths
of integrity, innovation, leadership and service to ensure that our
customers, employees and stockholders receive value well into
the future.

On a final note, we would like to congratulate Tom Fitzmyers on
his fantastic career at Simpson Strong-Tie. Tom joined the company
in 1978 and was instrumental in shaping and growing our business,
including taking the company public in 1994. He also greatly
influenced our company culture – what we fondly call our Secret
Sauce. Our founder, Barclay Simpson, often credited Tom for much
of the company’s success and was quick to point out his many
contributions and his charismatic leadership. Tom served as president
for a number of years and in 1994 became CEO. Since 2012, he
served on the Board of Directors as Chairman and, most recently,
as Vice Chairman. Thank you, Tom!

On behalf of everyone at Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., we 
thank you for your ongoing support.

Sincerely,

Karen Colonias 
President and  
Chief Executive Officer 

Peter N. Louras, Jr.
Non-Executive
Chairman of the  
Board of Directors

Important Additional Information
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. (the “Company”), its directors and certain of its executive officers and other employees will be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies  
from Company shareholders in connection with the matters to be considered at the Company’s Special Meeting scheduled to be held on March 28, 2017 (the “Special Meeting”),  
and the Company’s Annual Meeting to be held on or about May 16, 2017 (the “Annual Meeting”). The Company has filed a definitive proxy statement and proxy card with the U.S.  
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) in connection with any such solicitation of proxies from Company shareholders with respect to the Special Meeting, and intends to file a  
preliminary proxy statement and proxy card with the SEC in connection with any such solicitation of proxies from Company shareholders with respect to the Annual Meeting. COMPANY 
SHAREHOLDERS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO READ THE DEFINITIVE PROXY STATEMENT AND ACCOMPANYING PROXY CARD FILED WITH THE SEC IN CONNECTION 
WITH THE SPECIAL MEETING AS THEY CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION. Information regarding the identity of participants, and their direct or indirect interests in the matters to be 
considered at the Special Meeting, by security holdings or otherwise, is set forth in the definitive proxy statement and other materials filed by the Company with the SEC. Shareholders  
can obtain the definitive proxy statement with respect to the Special Meeting, any amendments or supplements to such proxy statement and other documents filed by the Company  
with the SEC for no charge at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Copies are also available at no charge at the Company’s website at http://www.simpsonmfg.com, by writing to  
the Company at 5956 W. Las Positas Blvd., Pleasanton, CA 94588, or by calling the Company’s proxy solicitor D.F. King at (212) 269-5550.

4  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F I N A N C I A L 
H I G H L I G H T S

2016 

2015 

% Change

Net Sales
Stockholders’ Equity

Earnings per Share

Net Sales

$860,661  

$794,059 

8.4%

Income from  
Operations

Net Income

Diluted Earnings  
per Share

$139,477  

$109,020 

27.9%

$89,734  

$67,888 

32.2%

$1.86  

$1.38 

34.8%

Total Assets

$979,974 

$961,309 

$865,842  

$849,825 

1.9%

1.9%

Stockholders’  
Equity

Common Shares  
Outstanding

Number of  
Employees

  47,437,320  

48,182,337 

-1.6%

2,647 

2,496 

6.0%

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000

2.00

1.80

1.60

1.40

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

Dollars in thousands except per-share amounts.

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2012 2013 2014

2015

2016

Factories, offices and warehouses in Asia, Australia, Canada, Chile, 
China, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, 
Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Switzerland, Taiwan, UK and USA.

Distribution in Australia, Canada, Chile, China, parts of Eastern Europe,  
Western Europe, Japan, Korea, Mexico, parts of the Middle East, New Zealand, 
South Africa, Taiwan and other Asian countries, UK and USA.

2016 Annual Report   |  5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TR UST

6  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

TESTED STRENGTH IS TRUSTED STRENGTH

TR UST

When customers choose Simpson Strong-Tie products, they’re selecting more than just a connector, an anchor 
or a fastening system. They’re choosing our experience and expertise. Asking how we can exceed industry 
standards through structural systems research, leading-edge engineering and comprehensive testing has 
helped us perfect our products for the needs of today’s customers and tomorrow’s communities. Our customers 
depend on our people to develop solutions that solve the complex engineering and load issues they face both on 
the jobsite and in their structural design. Our Engineering Technical Support Team is always standing by, letting 
customers know they’ll receive expert guidance they can count on from a company that fully backs its solutions.

2016 Annual Report   |  7

SECURE

8  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

SECURE AGAINST THE ELEMENTS 

SECURE

Without warning, disaster can strike at any time, causing widespread destruction. At 
Simpson Strong-Tie, we devote countless resources to testing a structure’s ability to 
resist the most devastating events. With laboratories across North America, Europe and 
Asia, we simulate a variety of regional construction challenges. By recreating natural 
disasters both physically and virtually, we’re consistently developing high-performance 
products and systems designed to stand up to Earth’s most catastrophic events.

2016 Annual Report   |  9

SMART

SUPPORT THAT’S SMART

Access to innovative, high-quality products 
is meaningless without the knowledge, 
training and continuous support to maximize 
their efficiency and value. We make extra 
efforts to provide customers with a deeper 
and more thorough understanding of our 
product portfolio. Through our workshops, 
classes, regional training centers and a full 
array of online resources, our multi-platform, 
mobile-friendly suite of educational content 
helps our customers build a comprehensive 
library of design tools.

10  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

SMART

2016 Annual Report   |  11

LEADING

12  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

LEADING

LEADING THE INDUSTRY

Our comprehensive portfolio of 
structural building products has made 
Simpson Strong-Tie a top choice of 
customers worldwide for over half 
a century. However, our passion for 
innovation, driven by our boundless 
curiosity, has truly defined our 
company’s role as a solution provider 
for structures large and small.

Through our rigorous research 
initiatives and product refinements, 
we’ve raised the bar for industry 
standards, with higher load values, 
faster installations, reduced costs and 
greater structural safety. 

ANCHORING SYSTEMS   

COLD-FORMED STEEL CLIPS 

DECK PRODUCTS   

FASTENING SYSTEMS     

INTEGRATED COMPONENT SYSTEMS

LATERAL SYSTEMS   

REPAIR, PROTECTION AND 
STRENGTHENING SYSTEMS FOR 
CONCRETE AND MASONRY        

SPECIALTY CONNECTORS      

WOOD CONSTRUCTION CONNECTORS   

2016 Annual Report   |  13

14  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

OUR PEOPLE ARE PROVEN

Strength of character is the defining 
quality that binds the men and women 
who work for Simpson Strong-Tie. 
In our effort to offer the very best, we 
hire only the very best – exceptional 
individuals whose intelligence, humility, 
entrepreneurial spirit and integrity 
continue to reflect the core values 
embodied by our founder, Barclay 
Simpson. Collectively, they represent 
the best of what our company has to 
offer our loyal customers – reliability, 
innovation, quality and service.

2016 Annual Report   |  15

DEDICATED TO OUR CUSTOMERS AND OUR COMMUNITIES

DEDICATED

To find our way forward, we must remind ourselves of our past. Our strong 
foundation continues to guide our mission of providing solutions that help people 
design and build safer, stronger structures. By continuing to design, engineer 
and manufacture a wide variety of No-Equal construction products, we remain 
passionately dedicated to our customers, communities and shareholders, and  
to pushing beyond industry standards in our ongoing pursuit of excellence.

16  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

DEDICATED

2016 Annual Report   |  17

Office
Street Address:  5956 W. Las Positas Boulevard, Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA  |  (800) 925-5099
Mailing Address:  P.O. Box 10789, Pleasanton, CA 94588

Officers

Karen Colonias 
President and Chief Executive Officer

Roger Dankel 
President, North American Sales 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.

Ricardo M. Arevalo 
Chief Operating Officer 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.

Brian J. Magstadt 
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

Jeffrey E. Mackenzie 
Vice President

Sunny H. Leung 
Vice President

Board of Directors

Peter N. Louras, Jr.(1)(2)(4) 
Chairman  
Group Vice President (retired) 
The Clorox Company

Karen Colonias(4) 
President and Chief Executive Officer

Thomas J Fitzmyers(4) 
Vice Chairman – Retiring

James S. Andrasick(2)(3)(4) 
Chairman (retired) 
Matson Navigation

Jennifer A. Chatman(1)(2) 
Paul J. Cortese Distinguished 
Professor of Management 
Haas School of Business, 
University of California, Berkeley

Gary M. Cusumano (1)(3)(4) 
Chairman (retired) 
The Newhall Land and Farming Company

Celeste Volz Ford(1)(4) 
Chief Executive Officer 
Stellar Solutions, Inc.

Robin Greenway MacGillivray(2)(3)(4) 
Senior Vice President (retired)  
One AT&T Integration – AT&T

Annual Meeting
The annual meeting of stockholders will take place at 10:00 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time, 
Tuesday, May 16, 2017, at the Company’s home office located at 5956 W. Las Positas 
Boulevard, Pleasanton, California.

Stock Listing
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s (the “Company’s”) common stock is traded on  
the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker “SSD.”

Quarterly Stock Data
The table below shows the per-share closing price range of the Company’s common 
stock for the last two years as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange.

2016 

Low 

High 

Close 

High 

2015

Low 

Close

 4Q 

 3Q 

 2Q 

 1Q 

$48.17 

$40.88 

$43.75 

$38.40 

$33.59 

$34.15 

$45.27 

$39.32 

$43.95 

$37.01 

$32.94 

$33.49 

$39.97 

$37.25 

$39.97 

$37.41 

$32.78 

$34.00 

$38.17 

$30.49 

$38.17 

$37.78 

$31.73 

$37.37 

Form 10-K
The Company’s annual report on Form 10-K (which is included in this report) and its 
quarterly and current reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K are filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission and are available upon request. These reports are also 
available on the Company’s website at www.simpsonmfg.com.

Investor Relations
Philip Bellotti 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
5956 W. Las Positas Boulevard, Pleasanton, California 94588
(925) 560-9215

For an investor information package, please call (925) 560-9097.

Transfer Agent and Registrar
P.O. Box 30170, College Station, Texas 77842

For stockholder inquiries, please call (877) 282-1168.
www.computershare.com

Independent Registered Public Accountants
Grant Thornton LLP
101 California Street, Suite 2700, San Francisco, CA  94111

18  |  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  

(1)  Member of Compensation and Leadership Development Committee
(2) Member of Audit Committee
(3) Member of Governance and Nominating Committee
(4) Member of Acquisitions and Strategy Committee

 
 
  
 
 
 
  
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K 

(Mark One)

 Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016
OR

 Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

for the transition period from                      to
Commission file number:  1-13429
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

.

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

94-3196943
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

5956 W. Las Positas Blvd., Pleasanton, CA 94588
(Address of principal executive offices) 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (925) 560-9000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Common Stock, par value $0.01
(Title of each class)

New York Stock Exchange, Inc.
(Name of each exchange on which registered)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of class) 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 

Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. 

Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, 

every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this 
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such 
files). Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, 
and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by 
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or 

a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting 
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). 

Yes  

  No  

As of June 30, 2016, there were outstanding 48,388,534 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01, which is 

the only outstanding class of common or voting stock of the registrant. The aggregate market value of the shares of common 
stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (based on the closing price for the common stock on the New York Stock Exchange 
on June 30, 2016) was approximately $1,649,633,546. 

As of February 23, 2017, 47,652,058 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding. 

19

Documents Incorporated by Reference 

Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by 
reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Such Proxy Statement will be filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") within 120 days of the registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

20

 
NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation 
Reform Act of 1995. All statements relating to events or results that may occur in the future are forward-looking statements, 
including but not limited to, statements regarding our plans, sales, sales trends, revenues, profits, costs, expenses, unrecognized 
costs (including those with respect to unvested stock-based compensation), cost savings, repatriation of funds, factory utilization 
rates, results of operations, tax liabilities, losses, capital spending, price changes (including product prices and raw material (such 
as steel) prices), profit margins, effective tax rates, depreciation or amortization expenses, amortization periods, stock repurchases, 
dividends,  compensation  arrangements,  plans  or  amendments  (including  those  related  to  profit  sharing  and  stock-based 
compensation), record dates, company policies, corporate governance practices, documents or amendments (including charter or 
bylaw  amendments,  stockholder  rights  plans  or  similar  arrangements),  capital  and  corporate  structure  (including  major 
stockholders, board structure and board composition), effects of changes in accounting standards, effects and expenses of mergers 
and acquisitions and related integrations, effects of changes in foreign exchange rates or interest rates, effects and costs of facility 
consolidations  and  expansions  (including  related  savings),  effects  and  costs  of  software  program  implementations  (including 
related savings), labor relations, needs for additional facilities, materials and personnel, and the projected impact of any of the 
foregoing on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified 
by  words  such  as  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “estimate,”  “expect,”  “intend,”  “plan,”  “target,”  “continue,”  “predict,”  “project,” 
“change,” “result,” “future,” “will,” “could,” “may,” “likely,” “potentially,” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements 
are necessarily speculative in nature, are based on numerous assumptions, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties 
and other factors (some of which are beyond our control) that could significantly affect our operations and may cause our actual 
actions, results, financial condition, performance or achievements to be substantially different from any future actions, results, 
financial condition, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any such forward-looking statements. Those factors 
include, but are not limited to: (i) general economic cycles and construction business conditions; (ii) customer acceptance of our 
products; (iii) product liability claims, contractual liability, engineering and design liability and similar liabilities or claims, (iv) 
relationships with key customers; (v) materials and manufacturing costs; (vi) financial conditions of customers, competitors and 
suppliers;  (vii)  technological  developments,  including  software  development;  (viii)  increased  competition;  (ix)  changes  in 
regulations or industry practices; (x) litigation risks, (xi) changes in market conditions; (xii) governmental and business conditions 
in countries where our products are manufactured and sold; (xiii) effects of merger or acquisition activities; (xiv) actual or potential 
takeover or other change-of-control threats; (xv) changes in our plans, strategies, objectives, expectations or intentions; and (xvi) 
other risks and uncertainties indicated from time to time in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See below “Part I, Item 1A — Risk Factors.” Each forward-looking statement contained in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K is specifically qualified in its entirety by the aforementioned factors. In light of the foregoing, 
investors are advised to carefully read this Annual Report on Form 10-K in connection with the important disclaimers set forth 
above and are urged not to rely on any forward-looking statements in reaching any conclusions or making any investment decisions 
about us or our securities. Except as required by law, we do not intend and undertake no obligation to update, revise or publicly 
release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements hereunder, whether as a result of the receipt of new information, 
the occurrence of future events, the change of circumstances or otherwise. We further do not accept any responsibility for any 
projections or reports published by analysts, investors or other third parties.

Each of the terms the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” and similar terms used herein refer collectively to Simpson Manufacturing 
Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc., unless otherwise 
stated.

“Strong-Tie” and our other trademarks appearing in this report are our property. This report contains additional trade names and 
trademarks of other companies. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names or trademarks to imply an 
endorsement or sponsorship of us by such companies, or any relationship with any of these companies.

21

 
Item 1. Business.

Company Background

PART I

The Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. ("SST"), designs, engineers and is a 
leading manufacturer of wood construction products, including connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and pre-
fabricated lateral systems used in light-frame construction, and concrete construction products used for concrete, masonry, steel 
construction and for concrete repair, protection and strengthening, including adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, carbide 
drill bits, powder actuated tools and fiber reinforced materials. The Company markets its products to the residential construction, 
light  industrial  and  commercial  construction,  remodeling  and  do-it-yourself  (“DIY”)  markets.  The  Company  also  provides 
engineering  services  in  support  of  some  of  its  products  and  increasingly  offers  design  and  other  software  that  facilitates  the 
specification, selection and use of its products. The Company believes that the Simpson Strong-Tie brand benefits from strong 
brand name recognition among architects and engineers who frequently request the use of the Company’s products. The Company 
has continuously manufactured structural connectors since 1956.

Business Strategy

The  Company  attracts  and  retains  customers  by  designing,  manufacturing  and  selling  products  that  are  of  high  quality  and 
performance, easy to use and cost-effective for customers. The Company aims to manufacture and warehouse its products in 
geographic proximity to its markets to provide availability and rapid delivery of products to customers and prompt response to 
customer requests for specially designed products and services. The Company maintains levels of inventory intended to operate 
with little backlog and fill most customer orders within a few days. High levels of manufacturing automation and flexibility allow 
the Company to maintain its quality standards while continuing to provide prompt delivery.

The Company intends to continue efforts to increase market share in both the wood construction and concrete construction product 
groups by:

•  maintaining frequent contact with customers and private organizations that provide information to building code officials;
continuing to sponsor seminars to inform architects, engineers, contractors and building officials on appropriate use, 
• 
proper installation and identification of the Company’s products; 
continuing to invest in mobile, web and software applications for customers, utilizing social media, blog posts and videos 
to connect and engage with customers and to help them do their jobs more efficiently; and 
continuing to diversify product offerings to be less dependent on United States residential housing. 

• 

• 

The Company’s long-term strategy is to develop, acquire or invest in product lines or businesses that have the potential to increase 
the Company’s earnings per share over time and that:

complement the Company’s existing product lines;
can be marketed through the Company’s existing distribution channels;

• 
• 
•  might benefit from use of the Company’s brand names and expertise;
• 
• 
• 

are responsive to needs of the Company’s customers;
expand the Company’s markets geographically; and
reduce the Company’s dependence on the United States residential construction market.

New Products.  The Company commits substantial resources to new product development. The majority of SST’s products have 
been developed through its internal research and development program. SST’s research and development expense for the three 
years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, was $9.9 million, $10.3 million, and $11.2 million, respectively. The Company 
believes it is the only United States manufacturer with the capability to test multi-story wall systems, thus enabling full scale 
testing rather than analysis alone to prove system performance. The Company’s engineering, sales, product management, and 
marketing teams work together with architects, engineers, building inspectors, code officials and customers in the new product 
development process.

The Company’s product research and development is based largely on products or solutions that are identified within the Company 
or as customers communicate to the Company as well as the Company’s strategic initiatives to develop new markets or product 
lines. The Company’s strategy is to develop new products on a proprietary basis, to seek patents when appropriate and to rely on 
trade secret protection for others. The Company typically develops 15 to 25 new products each year.
22

 
 
The Company expanded its product offering in 2016 by adding:

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

new connectors for wood framing applications;
new cold formed steel connectors;
new structural screws for wood, metal and composite decking applications;
new mechanical anchors and a speed clean drill bit system;
new repair, protection and strengthening product formulations; and
new ornamental product line.

The Company intends to continue to expand its product offering.

Distribution channels.  The Company seeks to expand its product and distribution coverage through several channels:

•  Distributors. The Company regularly evaluates its distribution coverage and the service levels provided by its distributors, 
and from time to time implements changes. The Company evaluates distributor product mix and conducts promotions to 
encourage distributors to add the Company’s products that complement the mix of product offerings in their markets.
•  Home Centers. The Company intends to increase penetration of the DIY markets by continuing to solicit home centers 
and increase product offerings. The Company’s sales force maintains on-going contact with home centers to work with 
them in a broad range of areas, including inventory levels, retail display maintenance and product knowledge training. 
The Company’s strategy is to ensure that the home center retail stores are fully stocked with adequate supplies of the 
Company’s products carried by those stores. The Company has further developed extensive bar coding and merchandising 
aids and has devoted a portion of its research efforts to the development of DIY products. The Company’s sales to home 
centers increased year-over-year in 2016, 2015 and 2014. 

•  Dealers. In some markets, the Company sells its products directly to lumber dealers and cooperatives.
•  OEM Relationships. The Company works closely with manufacturers of engineered wood products and OEMs to develop 
and  expand  the  application  and  sales  of  its  engineered  wood  connector  and  fastener  products.  The  Company  has 
relationships with several of the largest manufacturers of engineered wood products.
International  Sales.  The  Company  has  established  a  presence  in  the  European  Community  through  acquisition  of 
companies with existing customer bases and through servicing United States-based customers operating in Europe. The 
Company also distributes connector, anchor and epoxy products in Mexico, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa 
and the Middle East. The Company intends to continue to pursue and expand operations both inside and outside of the 
United States. Sales of some products may relate primarily to certain regions.

• 

See  “Item  1A  —  Risk  Factors,”  “Item  7  —  Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of 
Operations,” and “Note 14 — Segment Information” to the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements included in 
Part  II,  Item  8  —  "Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data"  of  this Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  (the  "Company’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements").

Operating Segments and Geographic Areas

The Company is organized into three operating segments consisting of the North America, Europe and Asia/Pacific segments. The 
North America segment includes operations primarily in the United States and Canada. The Europe segment includes operations 
primarily in France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Portugal, Poland, The Netherlands and Belgium. The 
Asia/Pacific segment includes operations primarily in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, China, Taiwan, and Vietnam. These 
segments are similar in several ways, including similarities in the products manufactured and distributed, the types of materials 
used, the production processes, the distribution channels and the product applications. See “Note 14 — Segment Information” to 
the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the assets, revenue and performance of each of the 
Company’s operating segments and geographic areas. Also see “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”

Products and Services

The Company manufactures and markets building and construction products and is a recognized brand name in residential and 
commercial applications. The product lines historically have encompassed connectors, anchors, fasteners, lateral resistive systems, 
truss plates, as well as repair and strengthening product lines for the marine, industrial and transportation markets. See “Item 7 
—  Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations,”  and  “Note  14  —  Segment 
Information”  to  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  financial  information  regarding  revenues  by  product 
category.

23

Most of the Company’s products are approved by building code evaluation agencies. To achieve such approvals, the Company 
conducts extensive product testing, which is witnessed and certified by independent testing laboratories. The tests also provide 
the basis of load ratings for the Company’s structural products. This test and load information is used by architects, engineers, 
contractors, building officials and homeowners and is useful across all applications of the Company’s products, ranging from the 
deck constructed by a homeowner to a multi-story structure designed by an architect or engineer.

Wood Construction Products.  As described below, the Company’s wood construction products include (1) connectors, (2) truss 
plates, (3) fastening systems and (4) lateral systems, and are typically made of steel. The Company produces and markets over 
16,000 standard and custom wood construction products. These products are used primarily to strengthen, support and connect 
wood joints in residential and commercial construction and DIY projects. The Company’s wood construction products contribute 
to structural integrity and resistance to seismic, wind and other forces. Applications range from commercial and residential building, 
to deck construction, to DIY projects. 

1.  The  Company’s  connectors  are  prefabricated  metal  products  that  attach  wood,  concrete,  masonry  or  steel  together. 

Connectors are essential for tying wood construction elements together and create safer and stronger buildings. 

2.  The Company’s truss connector plates and software are marketed under the name Integrated Component Systems. Truss 
plates are toothed metal plates that join wood members together to form a truss. The Company continues to develop 
sophisticated software to assist truss and component manufacturers’ in modeling, designing trusses and selecting the 
appropriate truss plates for the applicable jobs. 

3.  The Company’s fastener line includes various nails, screws and staples. Complementing these products is the Quik Drive 

auto-feed screw driving system used in numerous applications such as decking, subfloors, drywall and roofing. 

4.  The Company’s lateral resistive systems are assemblies used to resist earthquake or wind forces and include Steel and 

Wood Shearwalls, Anchor Tiedown Systems (“ATS”) and steel moment frames. 

Concrete Construction Products.  As described below, the Company’s concrete construction products include (1) anchor products, 
and (2) construction repair, protection and strengthening products. The Company produces and markets over 2,000 standard and 
custom concrete construction products. The Company’s concrete construction products are composed of various materials including 
steel, chemicals and carbon fiber. They are used primarily to strengthen, anchor, support, repair and connect concrete joints in 
residential and commercial construction and DIY projects used to repair, protect and strengthen concrete, brick and masonry 
structures. The Company’s concrete construction products contribute to structural integrity and resistance to seismic, wind and 
other forces. Applications range from industrial, commercial, infrastructure and residential structures, to DIY projects. These 
products are sold in all segments of the Company worldwide.

1.  The Company’s concrete construction anchor products include adhesives, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits and 
powder-actuated pins and tools used for numerous applications of anchoring or attaching elements onto concrete, brick, 
masonry and steel. 

2.  The Company's concrete construction repair, protection and strengthening products include grouts, coatings, sealers, 

mortars, fiberglass and fiber-reinforced polymer systems and asphalt products. 

Engineering and Design Services.  The Company’s engineers not only design and test products, but also provide engineering 
support for customers in connection with a number of products that the Company manufactures and sells. This support might 
range from the discussion of a load value in a catalog to testing the suitability of an existing product in a unique application. For 
certain product lines, industry norms require that the Company’s engineers are more involved in the sales process. For example, 
in connection with the sale of our truss plates, the Company’s engineers review the output of the Company’s software to assist 
customers in ensuring that trusses are properly designed and specified, and in some instances seal design diagrams. Generally, in 
connection with any engineering services the Company provides, the Company’s engineers serve as a point of reference and 
support  for  the  customer’s  engineers  and  other  service  professionals,  who  ultimately  determine  and  are  responsible  for  the 
engineering approach to any project.

Sales and Marketing

The Company’s sales and marketing programs are implemented through its branch system. The Company currently maintains 
branches in California, Texas, Ohio, Canada, England, France, Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Poland, Czech Republic, Portugal, 
Austria, The Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium, Sweden, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Chile. Each branch is served by 
its own sales force, warehouse and office facilities, while some branches have their own manufacturing facilities. Each branch is 
responsible for setting and executing sales and marketing strategies that are consistent both with the markets in the geographic 
area that the branch serves and with the goals of the Company. Branch sales forces in North America are supported by marketing 
managers in the home office in Pleasanton, California. The home office also coordinates issues affecting customers that operate 

24

in  multiple  regions.  The  sales  force  maintains  close  working  relationships  with  customers,  develops  new  business,  calls  on 
architects, engineers and building officials and participates in a range of educational seminars.

The Company dedicates substantial resources to customer service. The Company produces numerous publications and point-of-
sale marketing aids to serve specifiers, distributors, retailers and users for the various markets that it serves. These publications 
include general catalogs, as well as various specific catalogs, such as those for its fastener products. The catalogs and publications 
describe the products and provide load and installation information. The Company also maintains several linked websites centered 
on www.strongtie.com, which include catalogs, product and technical information, code reports and other general information 
related to the Company, its product lines and promotional programs. The contents of these websites are not incorporated into this 
filing. Further, the Company’s references to the URLs for these websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.

Manufacturing Process

The Company designs and manufactures most of its products. The Company has developed and uses automated manufacturing 
processes for many of its products. The Company’s innovative manufacturing systems and techniques have allowed it to control 
manufacturing costs, even while developing both new products and products that meet customized requirements and specifications. 
The  Company’s  development  of  specialized  manufacturing  processes  has  also  permitted  increased  operating  flexibility  and 
enhanced product design innovation. As part of ongoing continuous improvement processes in its factories, the Company’s major 
North American and European manufacturing facilities initiated lean manufacturing practices to improve efficiency and customer 
service. The Company sources some products from third-party vendors, both domestically and internationally. The Company has 
25 manufacturing locations in the United States, Canada, France, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Portugal, Belgium, 
Sweden, China and England.

Quality Control.  The Company has developed a quality system that manages defined procedures to ensure consistent product 
quality and also meets the requirements of product evaluation reports of the International Code Council (ICC) and the International 
Association of Plumbers and Mechanical Officials Uniform Evaluation Services (IAPMO-UES). Since 1996, the Company’s 
quality system has been registered under ISO 9001, an internationally recognized set of quality-assurance standards. The Company 
believes that ISO registration is a valuable tool for maintaining and promoting its high quality standards. As the Company establishes 
new business locations through expansion or acquisitions, projects are established to integrate the Company’s quality systems and 
achieve  ISO  9001  registration.  In  addition,  the  Company  has  six  testing  laboratories  accredited  to  ISO  standard  17025,  an 
internationally  accepted  standard  that  provides  requirements  for  the  competence  of  testing  and  calibration  laboratories.  The 
Company implements testing requirements through systematic control of its processes, enhancing the Company’s standard for 
quality products, whether produced by the Company or purchased from others.

Wood Construction Products Manufacturing.  Most of the Company’s wood construction products are produced with a high level 
of automation. The Company has significant press capacity and has multiple dies for some of its high volume products to enable 
production of these products close to the customer and to provide back-up capacity. The balance of production is accomplished 
through a combination of manual, blanking and numerically controlled (NC) processes that include robotic welders, lasers and 
turret punches. This  capability allows  the Company to  produce  products with  little redesign or  set-up time, facilitating rapid 
turnaround for customers. The Company also has smaller specialty production facilities, which primarily use batch production 
with some automated lines.

Concrete Construction Products Manufacturing.  The Company manufactures its concrete construction products at its facilities 
in  Zhangjiagang,  China, Addison, Illinois,  Baltimore,  Maryland,  Cardet,  France,  Seewen,  Switzerland,  Malbork,  Poland,  and 
Elvas, Portugal. Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company anticipates that by 
the end of the second quarter of 2017, it will finish consolidating the Addison and Baltimore facilities into a single manufacturing 
facility in West Chicago, Illinois. See "Item 2 — Properties." The mechanical anchor products are produced with a high level of 
automation. Some products, such as epoxy and adhesive anchors, are mixed in batches and are then loaded into one-part or two-
part dispensers, which mix the product on the job site because set-up times are usually very short. In addition, the Company 
purchases a number of products, powder actuated pins, tools and accessories and certain of its mechanical anchoring products, 
from various sources around the world. These purchased products undergo inspections on a sample basis for conformance with 
ordered specifications and tolerances before being distributed.

Regulation

Environmental Regulation.  The Company itself is subject to environmental laws and regulations governing emissions into the 
air, discharges into water, and generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste materials. The Company 
is also subject to other federal and state laws and regulations regarding health and safety matters. The Company believes that it 
has obtained all material licenses and permits required by environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in connection 
25

with the Company’s operations and that its policies and procedures comply in all material respects with existing environmental, 
health and safety laws and regulations. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”

Other.  The Company’s product lines are subject to federal, state, county, municipal and other governmental and quasi-governmental 
regulations  that  affect  product  development,  design,  testing,  analysis,  load  rating,  application,  marketing,  sales,  exportation, 
installation and use. 

The Company considers product evaluation, recognition and listing to the building code as a significant tool that facilitates and 
expedites the use of the Company’s products by design professionals, building officials, inspectors, builders, home centers and 
contractors. Industry members are more likely to use building products that have the appropriate recognition and listing than 
products that lack this acceptance. The Company devotes considerable time and testing resources to obtaining and maintaining 
appropriate listings for its products. The Company actively participates in industry related professional associations and building 
code committees both to keep abreast of regulatory changes and to provide comments and expertise to these regulatory agencies.

A substantial portion of the Company’s products have been evaluated and are recognized by governmental and product evaluation 
agencies. Some of the entities that recognize the Company’s products include the International Code Council Uniform Evaluation 
Service (ICC-ES), IAPMO-UES, the City of Los Angeles (LARR’s), California Division of the State Architect, the State of Florida, 
Underwriters Laboratory (UL), Factory Mutual (FM) and state departments of transportation. In Europe, the Company’s structural 
products meet European Technical Agreement (ETA) regulations.

Competition 

The Company faces a variety of competition in all of the markets in which it participates. This competition ranges from subsidiaries 
of large national or international corporations to small regional manufacturers. While price is an important factor, the Company 
also competes on the basis of quality, breadth of product line, proprietary technology, technical support, availability of inventory, 
service (including custom design and manufacturing), field support and product innovation. As a result of differences in structural 
design and building practices and codes, the Company’s markets tend to differ by region. Within these regions, the Company 
competes with companies of varying size, several of which also distribute their products nationally or internationally. See “Item 
1A — Risk Factors.”

Raw Materials

The principal raw material used by the Company is steel, including stainless steel. The Company also uses materials such as carbon 
fiber, epoxies and acrylics in the manufacture of its chemical anchoring and reinforcing products. The Company purchases raw 
materials from a variety of commercial sources. The Company’s practice is to seek cost savings and enhanced quality by purchasing 
from a limited number of suppliers.

The steel industry is highly cyclical and prices for the Company’s raw materials are influenced by numerous factors beyond the 
Company’s control. The steel market continues to be dynamic, with a high degree of uncertainty about future pricing trends. Given 
current conditions, labor union contract negotiations, anti-dumping and countervailing duty trade cases filed by United States steel 
producers in 2015 and 2016, and the current political climate regarding international trade, the Company currently expects that 
the high degree of uncertainty regarding steel prices will continue. Numerous factors may cause steel prices to increase in the 
future. In addition to increases in steel prices, steel mills may add surcharges for zinc, energy and freight in response to increases 
in their costs. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors” and “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and 
Results of Operations.” The Company historically has not attempted to hedge against changes in prices of steel or other raw 
materials.

Patents and Proprietary Rights

The Company has United States and foreign patents, the majority of which cover products that the Company currently manufactures 
and markets. These patents, and applications for new patents, cover various design aspects of the Company’s products, as well as 
processes used in their manufacture. The Company continues to develop new potentially patentable products, product enhancements 
and product designs. Although the Company does not intend to apply for additional foreign patents covering existing products, 
the Company has developed an international patent program to protect new products that it may develop. In addition to seeking 
patent protection, the Company relies on unpatented proprietary technology to maintain its competitive position. See “Item 1A 
— Risk Factors.”

26

Acquisitions and Expansion into New Markets

In August 2016, the Company purchased all of the outstanding shares of Multi Services Dêcoupe S.A. ("MS Decoupe"), a Belgium 
public limited company, for $6.9 million. MS Decoupe primarily manufactures and distributes connectors for wood construction, 
as  well  as  plastic  and  metal  label  products,  in  Belgium  and  the  Netherlands,  including  distributing  the  Company's  products 
manufactured at the Company's production facility in France. With this acquisition, the Company expects to be able to offer the 
Belgium market a wider-range of its products, shorten delivery lead times, and expand the Company's sales presence into the 
Netherlands. The Company's provisional measurement of assets acquired and liabilities assumed included cash and cash equivalents 
of $1.5 million, other current assets of $2.1 million, non-current assets of $5.0 million, current liabilities of $0.7 million and non-
current deferred income tax liabilities of $1.0 million. Included in non-current assets was goodwill of $1.8 million, which was 
assigned to the Europe segment, and intangible assets of $1.2 million, both of which are not subject to tax-deductible amortization. 
The estimated weighted-average amortization period for the intangible assets is 7 years.

In December 2015, the Company purchased all of the business assets, including intellectual property, from Blue Heron Enterprises, 
LLC, and Fox Chase Enterprises, LLC (collectively, "EBTY"), both New Jersey limited liability companies, for $3.4 million in 
cash. EBTY manufactured and sold hidden deck clips and associated products and systems. The Company's measurement of assets 
acquired included goodwill of $2.0 million, which was assigned to the North America segment, and intangible assets of $1.1 
million, both of which are subject to tax-deductible amortization. Net assets consisting of inventory and equipment accounted for 
the balance of the purchase price. 

The  Company’s  growth  potential  depends,  to  some  extent,  on  its  ability  to  penetrate  new  markets,  both  domestically  and 
internationally. See “Business Strategy” above. The Company currently intends as part of its expansion strategy to continue to 
pursue acquisitions of product lines or businesses. See “Note 2 — Acquisitions” and “Note 15 — Subsequent Events” to the 
Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as “Item 1A — Risk Factors” and “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Seasonality and Cyclicality

The Company’s sales are seasonal and cyclical. Operating results vary from quarter to quarter and with economic cycles. The 
Company’s sales are also dependent, to a large degree, on the North American residential home construction industry. See “Item 
1A — Risk Factors” and “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Employees and Labor Relations

As of December 31, 2016, the Company had 2,647 full-time employees, of whom 1,130 were hourly employees and 1,517 were 
salaried employees. The Company believes that its overall compensation and benefits for the most part meet industry averages 
and that its relations with its employees are good.

A significant number of the employees at two of the Company’s facilities are represented by labor unions and are covered by 
collective bargaining agreements. The Company’s facility in Stockton, California, is a union facility with two collective bargaining 
agreements, one with tool and die craftsmen and maintenance workers and the other with sheetmetal workers. These two contracts 
will expire in July and September 2019, respectively. The Company’s facility in San Bernardino County, California, also has two 
collective bargaining agreements, one with tool and die craftsmen and maintenance workers and the other with sheetmetal workers. 
These  two  contracts  will  expire  in  February  2017  and  June 2018,  respectively. The  Company  expects  to  agree  with  the  San 
Bernardino tool and die craftsman and maintenance workers union to extend the existing labor union contract that expires in 
February 2017, while the parties are negotiating a new agreement. Based on current information and subject to future events and 
circumstances, the Company believes that, even if a new agreement is not reached before the existing labor union contract expires, 
it is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to provide products to customers or on the Company’s 
profitability. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”

Available Information

The Company makes available, free of charge, on its website www.simpsonmfg.com, copies of its annual reports on Form 10-K, 
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, and amendments to reports filed pursuant to 
Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) after the Company files them 
with the SEC. Printed copies of any of these materials will also be provided free of charge on request.

You may read and copy any materials filed by the Company with the SEC at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, 
NE, Room 1580, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by 
27

calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, 
and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.

The contents of the websites referred to above are not incorporated into this filing. Further, our references to the URLs for these 
websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described 
below, in addition to other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial 
statements and related notes thereto, before you decide to buy or hold shares of our common stock. The risks and uncertainties 
described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently 
believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. We may not be able to control any 
of those risks and uncertainties. If any of those risks and uncertainties, whether described below or not, actually occurs, our 
business, results of operations, financial condition and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected, and you may 
lose all or part of your investment.

To facilitate a review of our risk factors, we have organized our risk factors into general groups of risks, including “General 
Business Risks,” “Products, Services, and Sales Risks,” “Technological and Intellectual Property Risks,” “Regulatory Risks,” 
“Capital  Expenditures,  Expansions,  Acquisitions  and  Divestitures  Risk,”  “International  Operations  Risks,”  “Capital  and 
Company Structure Risks,” “Employee Risks,” and “Other Risks.” The grouping of risks is to facilitate your review only, and no 
ranking of importance of risks or other inference should be made on account of such groups.

General Business Risks

Business cycles affect our operating results.

Our operating results and our stock price are heavily tied to the health of the building construction industry, with an 
estimated 55% to 65% of our total product sales being dependent on housing starts. The construction industry is subject 
to significant volatility due to real estate market cycles, fluctuations in interest rates, the availability, or lack thereof, of 
credit to builders and developers, inflation rates, weather, and other factors and trends.

Further, many of our customers in the construction industry are small and medium-sized businesses. These businesses 
are more likely to be significantly affected by economic downturns than larger, more established businesses. Uncertainty 
about current global economic conditions may cause these consumers to postpone or refrain from spending or may cause 
them  to  switch  to  lower-cost  alternative  products,  which  could  reduce  demand  for  our  products  and  materially  and 
adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

Additionally, declines in commercial and residential construction, such as housing starts and remodeling projects, which 
generally occur during economic downturns, have in the past significantly reduced, and in the future can be expected to 
reduce, the demand for our products and our stock price.

Our sales are seasonal and we have little control over the timing of customer purchases. If we miss seasonal forecasts 
or customers purchase our products in different quarters than we or analysts expect, our stock could materially 
decline.

Our sales are seasonal, with operating results varying from quarter to quarter. With some exceptions, our sales and income 
have historically been lower in the first and fourth quarters than in the second and third quarters, as customers tend to 
purchase construction materials in the late spring and summer months for the construction season. In addition, weather 
conditions, such as unseasonably warm, cold or wet weather, which affect, and sometimes delay or accelerate installation 
of some of our products, may significantly affect our results of operations. Sales that we anticipate in one quarter may 
occur in another quarter, affecting both quarters’ results. If our operating results for a quarter are below the expectations 
of analysts and investors, it could have a material adverse effect on our stock price.

In addition, we typically ship orders as we receive them and maintain such inventory levels to allow us to operate with 
little backlog. The efficiency of our inventory system is closely tied to our ability to accurately predict seasonal and 
quarterly variances. Further, our planned expenditures are also based primarily on sales forecasts. When sales do not 

28

meet our expectations, our operating results will be reduced for the relevant quarters, as we will have already incurred 
expenses based on those expectations. This could result in a material decline in our stock price.

We  operate  in  a  competitive  industry,  and  if  we  fail  to  anticipate  and  react  appropriately  to  competitors, 
technological changes, changing industry trends and other competitive forces our sales and profit margins will 
decline.

Our ability to compete effectively depends upon our ability to meet changing market conditions and develop enhancements 
to our products on a timely basis in order to maintain our competitive advantage. Many of our competitors have greater 
financial and other resources than we do. Our continued growth depends upon our ability to develop additional products, 
services and technologies that meet our customers’ expectation of our brand and quality. There can be no assurance that 
we will be successful in developing and marketing new products, product enhancements and additional technologies, 
that we will not experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development, introduction and marketing 
of these products, or that our new products and product enhancements will adequately meet the requirements of the 
marketplace, or will achieve market acceptance.

Further, one of the core elements of our strategy is to provide high quality products and customer services. Many of our 
competitors are dedicating increasing resources to competing with us, especially as our products and services become 
more  affected  by  technological  advances  and  software  innovations.  Some  of  our  competitors  have  more  experience 
producing software and other technology-driven solutions. As a result, we are dedicating increasing resources to research 
and development in new and changing technologies in order to stay competitive and provide high quality and innovative 
products and services. These increased expenditures could reduce our operating results.

Additionally, our ability to compete effectively depends, to a significant extent, on the specification or approval of our 
products by architects, engineers, building inspectors, building code officials and customers and their acceptance of our 
premium brand. If a significant segment of those communities were to decide that the design, materials, manufacturing, 
testing or quality control of our products is inferior to that of any of our competitors or the cost differences between our 
products and any competitors are not justifiable, our sales and profits would be materially reduced.

Our future growth may depend on our ability to develop new products and penetrate new markets, which could 
reduce our profitability.

Our future success depends upon our continued investment in research and new product development and our ability to 
continue  to  develop  new  products  that  allow  us  to  expand  into  new  markets.  Expansion  into  new  markets  and  the 
development of new products may involve considerable costs and may not generate sufficient revenue to be profitable 
or cover the costs of development. We might not be able to penetrate these product markets and any market penetration 
that occurs might not be timely or profitable. We may be unable to recoup part or all of the significant investments we 
will have made in attempting to penetrate new markets. 

Product, Services and Sales Risks

Design defects, labeling defects, product formula defects, inaccurate chemical mixes, product recalls and/or product 
liability claims could harm our reputation, sales and financial results.

We  have  on  occasion  found  flaws  and  deficiencies  in  the  design,  manufacturing,  assembling,  labeling,  product 
formulations, chemical mixes or testing of our products. We also have on occasion found flaws and deficiencies in raw 
materials  and  finished  goods  produced  by  others  and  used  with  or  incorporated  into  our  products.  Some  flaws  and 
deficiencies have not been apparent until after the products were installed by customers.

Many of our products are integral to the structural soundness or safety of the structures in which they are used. If any 
flaws or deficiencies exist in our products and if such flaws or deficiencies are not discovered and corrected before our 
products are incorporated into structures, the structures could be unsafe or could suffer severe damage, such as collapse 
or fire, and personal injury or death could result. Errors in the installation of our products, even if the products are free 
of flaws and deficiencies, could also cause personal injury or death and unsafe structural conditions. To the extent that 
such damage or injury is not covered by our product liability insurance and we are held to be liable, we could be required 
to correct such damage and to compensate persons who might have suffered injury or death, and our reputation, business 
and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

29

Even if a flaw or deficiency is discovered before any damage or injury occurs, we may need to refund customers and/or 
repair or recall products (to the extent possible), and we may be liable for any costs necessary to replace recalled products 
or retrofit or remedy the affected structures. Any such recall, retrofit or other remedy could entail substantial costs and 
adversely affect our reputation, sales and financial condition. We do not carry insurance against recall costs or the adverse 
business effect of a recall, and our product liability insurance may not cover retrofit or other remedy costs.

As a result of the nature of many of our products and their use in construction projects, claims (including product warranty 
claims and claims resulting from a natural disaster) may be made against us with regard to damage or destruction of 
structures incorporating our products whether or not our products failed. Any such claims, if asserted, could require us 
to expend material time and efforts defending the claim and may materially and adversely affect our business and financial 
condition. Costs associated with resolving such claims (such as repair or replacement of the affected parts) could be 
material and may exceed any amounts reserved in our consolidated financial statements.

While we generally attempt to limit our contractual liability and our exposure to price or expense increases, we 
may have uncapped liabilities or significant exposure under some contracts, and could suffer material losses under 
such contracts.

We enter into many types of contracts with our customers, suppliers and other third parties, including in connection with 
our expansion into new markets and new product lines. Under some of these contracts, our overall liability may not be 
limited to a specified maximum amount or we may have significant potential exposure to price or expense increases. If 
we receive claims under these contracts or experience significant price increases or comparable expense increases, we 
may incur liabilities significantly in excess of the revenues associated with such contracts, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our software provides some design functions to customers, and we increasingly are involved both in product sales 
and engineering services. Any software errors or deficiencies or failures in our engineering services could have 
material adverse effects on our operations and financial condition.

Our design software increasingly facilitates the creation by customers of complex construction and building designs and 
we increasingly are involved both in product sales and engineering services. Our software is extremely complex and is 
continually being modified and improved. As a result, it may contain defects or errors and new versions may introduce 
new defects and errors. While we have attempted to limit our potential liability for the failure of any designs created by 
our software, as a result of defects in our software, the structures could be unsafe or could suffer severe damage, such as 
collapse or fire, and personal injury or death could result. Errors in construction unconnected with our design could also 
cause personal injury or death and unsafe structural conditions, even if our software design is sufficient. To the extent 
that a structure designed by our software suffers any failure or deficiency, we could be required to correct deficiencies 
and may become involved in litigation, even if our software design was not the cause of such deficiency. Further, if any 
damage or injury is not covered by our insurance and we are held to be liable, we could be required to correct such damage 
and to compensate persons who might have suffered injury, and our reputation, business and financial condition could 
be materially and adversely affected.

While we engage in testing and upgrades, there can be no assurance that, despite our testing and upgrades, errors will 
not be found in new and existing products resulting in loss of revenues or delay in market acceptance, diversion of 
development resources, damage to our reputation, adverse litigation, or increased service and warranty costs, any of 
which would have a material adverse effect upon our business, operating results and financial condition.

We are also increasingly involved in providing engineering solutions to our clients. The risks associated with providing 
these services are materially different than the risks we historically faced when we only produced products. If our engineers 
prepare, approve or seal drawings that contain defects or otherwise are involved in any design or construction that contains 
flaws, regardless of whether our engineers caused such flaws, we may be held liable for professional negligence or other 
damages, which could involve material claims.

We have a few large customers, the loss of any one of which could negatively affect our sales and profits.

Our largest customers accounted for a significant portion of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 
2014. Any reduction in, or termination of, our sales to these customers would at least temporarily, and possibly on a 
longer term basis, cause a material reduction in our net sales, income from operations and net income. Such a reduction 
in or elimination of our sales to any of our largest customers would increase our relative dependence on our remaining 
large customers.

30

In addition, our distributor customers have increasingly consolidated over time, which has increased the material adverse 
effect of losing any one of them and may increase their bargaining power in negotiations with us. These trends could 
negatively affect our sales and profitability.

Increases in prices of raw materials could negatively affect our sales and profits.

Our principal raw material is steel, including stainless steel. The steel industry can have large fluctuations. Numerous 
factors beyond our control, such as general economic conditions, competition, worldwide demand, material and labor 
costs, energy costs, foreign exchange rates, import duties and other trade restrictions influence prices for our raw materials. 
Further, the domestic steel market is heavily influenced by three major United States manufacturers. We have not always 
been able, and in the future we might not be able, to increase our product prices in amounts that correspond to increases 
in costs of raw materials, without materially and adversely affecting our sales and profits.

We have historically not hedged against changes in prices of steel or other raw materials. In recent years, however, we 
have increased our anticipatory purchases of steel in an effort to mitigate the effects of rising steel prices. This strategy, 
coupled with changing economic conditions, has resulted in substantial fluctuations in our inventory in recent years, 
which can materially and adversely affect our margins, cash flow and profits.

We depend on third parties for transportation services and the lack of availability of transportation and/or increases 
in cost could materially adversely affect our business and operations.

Our business depends on the transportation of both finished goods to our customers and distributors and the transportation 
of raw materials to us. We rely on third parties for transportation services of these items, which services are occasionally 
in high demand (especially at the end of calendar quarters) and/or subject to price fluctuations.

If  the  required  supply  of  transportation  services  is  unavailable  when  needed,  our  manufacturing  processes  may  be 
interrupted or we may be unable to sell our products at full value, or at all. This could harm our reputation, negatively 
impact our customer relationships and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation. 
In addition, a material increase in transportation rates or fuel surcharges could have a material adverse effect on our 
profitability.

Technological and Intellectual Property Risks

Our recent efforts to increase our technology offerings and integrate new software and application offerings may 
prove unsuccessful and may affect our future prospects.

Our industry has experienced increased complexity in some home design and builders are more aggressively trying to 
reduce their costs. One of our responses has been to design and market sophisticated software to facilitate the design and 
marketing of our product systems. We have continued to commit substantial resources to our software development 
endeavors in recent years and expect that trend to continue in 2017. 

We have a limited operating history in the technology space and may not be able to create commercially successful 
software and applications. Even if we are able to create initially successful ideas, the technology industry is subject to 
rapid changes. We may not be able to adapt quickly enough to keep up with changing demands, and our software may 
become obsolete.

While we see having a software interface with the construction industry as a potential growth area, we also face competition 
from  other  companies  that  are  focused  solely  or  primarily  on  the  development  of  software  and  applications. These 
companies may have significantly greater expertise and resources to devote to software development, and we may be 
unable to compete with them in that space. 

If we cannot protect our technology, we will not be able to compete effectively.

Our ability to compete effectively with other companies depends in part on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature 
of our technology, in part through patents, copyrights, trade secrets and other intellectual property protections. We might 
not be able to protect or rely on our patents and copyrights. Patents might not issue pursuant to pending patent applications. 
Our software copyright and other protections might not be adequate to protect our software and application code. Others 
might independently develop the same or similar technology, develop around the patented aspects of any of our products 
31

or proposed products, or otherwise obtain access to or circumvent our proprietary technology. We also rely on unpatented 
proprietary technology to maintain our competitive position. We might not be able to protect our trade secrets, our know-
how or other proprietary information. If we are unable to maintain the proprietary nature of our significant products, our 
sales and profits are likely to be materially reduced.

In attempting to protect our proprietary information, we sometimes initiate lawsuits against competitors and others that 
we  believe  have  infringed  or  are  infringing  our  rights.  In  such  an  event,  the  defendant  may  assert  counterclaims  to 
complicate or delay the litigation or for other reasons. Litigation may be very costly and may result in adverse judgments 
that affect our sales and profits materially and adversely.

Claims that we infringe intellectual property rights of others may materially increase our expenses and reduce 
our profits.

Other parties have in the past and may in the future claim that our products or processes infringe their intellectual property 
rights. We may incur substantial costs and liabilities in investigating, defending and resolving such claims, whether or 
not they are meritorious, which may materially reduce our profitability and materially and adversely affect our business 
and financial condition. Litigation can be disruptive to normal business operations and may result in adverse rulings or 
decisions. If any such infringement claim is asserted against us, we may be required to obtain a license or cross-license, 
modify our existing technology or design a new non-infringing technology, any of which could be costly and time-
consuming. A ruling against us in an infringement lawsuit could include an injunction barring our production or sale of 
any infringing product. A damages award against us could include an award of royalties or lost profits and, if the court 
finds willful infringement, treble damages and attorneys’ fees.

If we are unable to protect our information systems against data corruption, cyber-based attacks or network 
security breaches, our operations could be disrupted and our reputation and profitability could be negatively 
affected.

We  depend  on  information  technology  networks  and  systems,  including  the  internet,  to  process,  transmit  and  store 
electronic information. We depend on our information technology infrastructure for electronic communications among 
our locations around the world and between our personnel and our subsidiaries, customers and suppliers. We collect and 
retain  large  volumes  of  internal  and  customer,  vendor  and  supplier  data,  including  some  personally  identifiable 
information,  for  business  purposes. We  also  maintain  personally  identifiable  information  about  our  employees. The 
integrity and protection of our customer, vendor, supplier, employee and other Company data is critical to our business. 
The regulatory environment governing information, security and privacy laws is increasingly demanding and continues 
to evolve. Maintaining compliance with applicable security and privacy regulations may increase our operating costs or 
adversely affect our business operations.

Unauthorized parties may also attempt to gain access to our systems or facilities through fraud, trickery or other forms 
of deceiving our employees, contractors or other agents or representatives. Security breaches of our infrastructure could 
create  system  disruptions,  shutdowns  or  unauthorized  disclosures  of  confidential  information.  Despite  the  security 
measures we have in place, our facilities and systems, and those of the retailers, dealers, licensees and other third party 
distributors with which we do business, may be vulnerable to security breaches, cyber-attacks, acts of vandalism, computer 
viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors or other similar events. Any security breach involving 
the misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure of confidential customer, employee, supplier or Company 
information, whether by us or by the retailers, dealers, licensees and other third party distributors with which we do 
business, could result in losses, severely damage our reputation, expose us to the risks of litigation and liability (including 
regulatory liability), disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and 
financial condition.

We  publicly  post  our  privacy  policies  and  practices  concerning  our  processing,  use,  and  disclosure  of  personally 
identifiable information on our website. The publication of our privacy policy and other statements we publish that provide 
assurances about privacy and security can subject us to potential federal, state, or other regulatory action if they are found 
to be deceptive or misrepresentative of our practices.

We may experience delays or outages in our information technology system and computer networks.

We may be subject to information technology system failures and network disruptions. These may be caused by delays 
or  disruptions  due  to  system  updates,  natural  disasters,  malicious  attacks,  accidents,  power  disruptions, 

32

telecommunications failures, acts of terrorism or war, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar events 
or disruptions.

Despite our security measures, our systems could be vulnerable to disruption, and any such disruption could negatively 
affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Regulatory Risks

Failure to comply with industry regulations could result in reduced sales and increased costs.

We  are  subject  to  environmental  laws  and  regulations  governing  emissions  into  the  air,  discharges  into  water,  and 
generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste materials. We are also subject to other 
federal and state laws and regulations regarding health and safety matters.

Our manufacturing operations involve the use of solvents, chemicals, oils and other materials that are regarded as hazardous 
or toxic. We also use complex and heavy machinery and equipment that can pose severe safety hazards, especially if not 
properly and carefully used. Some of our products also incorporate materials that are hazardous or toxic in some forms, 
such  as zinc and  lead used in  some steel galvanizing processes,  chemicals used  in our  acrylic and epoxy  anchoring 
products, and chemicals used in our concrete repair, strengthening and protecting products. The gun powder used in our 
powder-actuated tools is explosive. We have in the past, and may in the future, need to take steps to remedy our failure 
to properly label, store, transport, use and manufacture such toxic and hazardous materials.

If we do not obtain all material licenses and permits required by environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, 
we may be subject to regulatory action by governmental authorities. If our policies and procedures are flawed, or our 
employees fail or neglect to follow our policies and procedures in all respects, we might incur liability. Relevant laws 
and regulations could change or new ones could be adopted that require us to incur substantial expense to comply.

Complying or failing to comply with conflict minerals regulations could materially and adversely affect our supply 
chain, our relationships with customers and suppliers and our financial results.

We are currently subject to conflict mineral disclosure regulations in the U.S. and may be affected by new regulations 
concerning conflict and similar minerals adopted by other jurisdictions where we operate. While we have been successful 
to date in adapting to such regulations, we have and will continue to incur added costs to comply with the disclosure 
requirements, including costs related to determining the source of such minerals used in our products. We may not be 
able to ascertain the origins of such minerals that we use and may not be able to satisfy requests from customers to certify 
that our products are free of conflict minerals. These requirements also could constrain the pool of suppliers from which 
we source such minerals. We may be unable to obtain conflict-free minerals at competitive prices. Such consequences 
will increase costs and may materially and adversely affect our manufacturing operations and profitability.

Capital Expenditures, Expansions, Acquisitions and Divestitures Risks

Our acquisition growth strategy presents unique risks for our business, and any acquisition could materially and 
adversely affect our business and operating results.

We pursue acquisitions of product lines or businesses as one of our key growth strategies. We compete for acquisitions 
with other potential acquirers, some of which have greater financial or operational resources than we do. As a result, we 
may not be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates or strategic opportunities. Any acquisitions we undertake 
involve numerous risks, including, for example:

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• 

inadequate access to information and/or due diligence of acquired businesses;
diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;
overvaluation of acquired businesses;
difficulties  assimilating  the  operations  and  products  of  acquired  businesses,  including  expensive  and  time 
consuming integration costs such as employee redeployment, relocation or severance, combining teams and 
processes in various functional areas, reorganization or closures of facilities, and relocation or disposition of 
excess equipment;
inaccurate accounting or public reporting arising from integration of the financial statements and disclosures of 
acquired businesses;
undisclosed existing or potential liabilities of acquired businesses;

33

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

slow acceptance or rejection of acquired businesses’ products by our customers;
risks of entering markets in which we have little or no prior experience;
litigation involving activities, properties or products of acquired businesses;
increased cost of regulatory compliance and enforcement;
consumer and other claims related to products of acquired businesses; and
the potential loss of key employees of acquired businesses.

In addition, future acquisitions may involve issuance of additional equity securities that dilute the value of our existing 
equity securities, increase our debt, cause impairment related to goodwill and cause impairment of, and amortization 
expenses related to, other intangible assets, which could materially and adversely affect our profitability. Any acquisition 
could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results, and as a result, our business and operating results 
may differ from any guidance that we may provide.

We may decide to dispose of assets and incur material expenses in doing so.

We have terminated in the past and may terminate in the future product lines or businesses if we determine that the cost 
of operating them is not warranted by their expected profitability. For example, we closed our sales offices in China, 
Thailand and Dubai in 2015. There are significant costs with such divestitures, which could materially and adversely 
affect our sales, assets, profitability and financial condition.

Our capital expenditures may not be adequate to maintain our competitive position and may not be implemented 
in a timely or cost-effective manner.

Our capital expenditures are limited by our liquidity and capital resources and the amount we have available for capital 
spending is limited by the need to pay our other expenses and to maintain adequate cash reserves and borrowing capacity 
to meet unexpected demands that may arise. Productivity improvements through process re-engineering, design efficiency 
and manufacturing cost improvements may be required to offset potential increases in labor and raw material costs and 
competitive price pressures. If we are unable to make sufficient capital expenditures, or to maximize the efficiency of 
the capital expenditures we do make, our competitive position may be harmed and we may be unable to manufacture the 
products necessary to compete successfully in our targeted market segments.

Additional  financing,  if  needed,  to  fund  our  working  capital,  growth  or  acquisitions  may  not  be  available  on 
reasonable terms, or at all.

If our cash requirements for working capital or to fund our growth or acquisitions increase to a level that exceeds the 
amount of cash that we generate from operations and have available through our current credit arrangements, we will 
need to seek additional financing. Additional or new borrowings may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all. Our 
ability to raise money by issuing and selling shares of our common or preferred stock depends on general market conditions 
and the demand for our stock. If we sell stock, our existing stockholders could experience substantial dilution. Our inability 
to secure additional financing could prevent the expansion of our business, internally and through acquisitions.

If we change significantly the location, nature or extent of some of our manufacturing operations, we may reduce 
our net income.

If we decide to change significantly the location, nature or extent of a portion of our manufacturing operations, we may 
need to record an impairment of our goodwill. Our goodwill totaled $124.5 million at December 31, 2016. Recording an 
impairment of our goodwill correspondingly reduces our net income. Other changes or events in the future could further 
impair our recorded goodwill, which could also materially and adversely affect our profitability.

International Operations Risks

Our international operations may be materially and adversely affected by factors beyond our control.

Economic, social and political conditions, laws, practices and customs vary widely among the countries where we produce 
or sell our products. Our operations outside of the United States are subject to a number of risks and potential costs, 
including, for example, lower profit margins, less protection of intellectual property and economic, political and social 
uncertainty in some countries. Our sales and profits depend, in part, on our ability to develop and implement policies and 
strategies that effectively anticipate and manage these and other risks in the countries where we do business. These and 
other risks may materially and adversely affect our operations in any particular country and our business as a whole. 

34

International construction standards, techniques and methods differ from those in the United States. Laws and regulations 
applicable in new markets may be unfamiliar to us. Compliance may be substantially more costly than we anticipate. As 
a result, we may need to redesign our products, or invent or design new products, to compete effectively and profitably 
in international markets. Inflation in emerging markets may also make our products more expensive there and increases 
the market and credit risks that we are exposed to.

Other significant challenges to conducting business in foreign countries include, among other factors, local acceptance 
of  our  products,  political  instability,  changes  in  import  and  export  regulations,  changes  in  tariff  and  freight  rates, 
fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, currency controls, cash repatriation restrictions and differing economic outcomes. 

International operations expose us to foreign exchange rate risk.

We have foreign exchange rate risk in our international operations and through purchases from foreign vendors. We do 
not currently hedge this risk. Changes in currency exchange rates could materially and adversely affect our sales and 
profitability.

Because of our international operations, we could be adversely affected by violations of applicable U.S. federal 
and state or foreign laws and regulations, such as the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar 
worldwide anti-bribery, anti-corruption and anti-kickback laws.

As a result of our expanded international operations, we face increasing compliance and regulatory oversight related to 
operating in foreign countries. The foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that are applicable to our operations are complex 
and may increase the costs of regulatory compliance, or limit or restrict the products or services we sell or subject our 
business to the possibility of regulatory actions or proceedings. The United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and 
other similar laws and regulations, generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments 
to foreign governmental officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. While our policies mandate compliance 
with applicable laws and regulations, including anti-bribery laws and other anti-corruption laws, we cannot guarantee 
that we will be successful in preventing our employees or other agents from taking actions in violation of these laws or 
regulations. Such violations, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our business and result in a material adverse 
effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our  international  operations  depend  on  our  successful  management  of  our  subsidiaries  outside  of  the  United 
States.

We  conduct  our  international  business  through  wholly  owned  subsidiaries.  Managing  distant  subsidiaries  and  fully 
integrating them into our business is challenging. We cannot directly supervise every aspect of the operations of our 
subsidiaries operating outside the United States. As a result, we rely on local managers and staff. Cultural factors and 
language  differences  can  result  in  misunderstandings  among  internationally  dispersed  personnel.  The  risk  that 
unauthorized conduct may go undetected may be greater in subsidiaries outside of the United States. These problems 
could adversely affect our sales and profits.

Failure to comply with export, import, and sanctions laws and regulations could affect us materially and adversely.

We are subject to a number of export, import and economic sanction regulations, including the International Traffic in 
Arms Regulations (“ITAR”), the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”) and U.S. sanction regulations administered 
by the U.S. Department of Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets (“OFAC”). Foreign governments where we have operations 
also implement export, import and sanction laws and regulations, some of which may be inconsistent or conflict with 
ITAR and EAR. Where we face such inconsistencies, it may be impossible for us to comply with all applicable regulations.

If we do not obtain all necessary import and export licenses required by applicable export and import regulations, including 
ITAR and EAR, or do business with sanctioned countries or individuals, we may be subject to fines, penalties and other 
regulatory action by governmental authorities, including, among other things, having our export or import privileges 
suspended. Even if our policies and procedures for exports, imports and sanction regulations comply, but our employees 
fail or neglect to follow them in all respects, we might incur similar liability.

Any changes in applicable export, import or sanction laws or regulations or any legal or regulatory violations could 
materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.

35

Our manufacturing facilities in China complicate our supply and inventory management.

We maintain manufacturing capability in various parts of the world, in part to allow us to serve our customers with prompt 
delivery of needed products. Such customer service is a significant factor in our efforts to compete with larger companies 
that have greater resources than we have. In recent years, we have substantially expanded our manufacturing in China. 
Nearly all of our manufacturing output in China was and is currently intended for export to other parts of the world. 
Because of the great distances between our manufacturing facilities in China and the markets to which the products made 
there  will  be  shipped,  we  may  have  difficulty  providing  adequate  service  to  our  customers,  which  may  put  us  at  a 
competitive disadvantage. Our attempts to provide prompt delivery may necessitate that in China we produce and keep 
on hand substantially more inventory of finished products than would otherwise be needed. Inventory fluctuations can 
materially and adversely affect our margins, cash flow and profits. Any tariffs, duties, taxes, penalties imposed by the 
United States on imports from China would negatively affect our inventory management and profits.  

We are subject to U.S. and international tax laws that could affect our financial results.

We generally conduct international operations through our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Our income tax liabilities in the 
different countries where we operate depend in part on internal settlement prices and administrative charges among us 
and our subsidiaries. These arrangements require us to make judgments with which tax authorities may disagree. Tax 
authorities may impose additional tariffs, duties, taxes, penalties and interest on us. Transactions that we have arranged 
in light of current tax rules could have material and adverse consequences if tax rules change, and changes in tax rules or 
imposition of any new or increased tariffs, duties and taxes could materially and adversely affect our sales, profits and 
financial condition.

As of December 31, 2016, we held $87.2 million in cash outside the U.S. as a result of operations from our international 
subsidiaries, and any repatriation of funds currently held in foreign jurisdictions to the U.S. may result in higher effective 
tax rates for us. In addition, there have been proposals from Congress to change U.S. tax laws that would significantly 
impact how U.S. multinational corporations like us are taxed on foreign earnings.

Recent changes in applicable law regarding the transfer of personally identifiable information by U.S. companies 
doing business in the European Union could lead us to spend significant resources trying to comply with the newly 
developed rules. We may not succeed in meeting such requirements, and we may face governmental actions and 
suffer business losses. 

We  have  in  the  past  relied  on  adherence  to  the  U.S.  Department  of  Commerce’s  Safe  Harbor  Policy  Principles  and 
compliance with the Safe Harbor Frameworks as agreed to and set forth by the European Commission and the United 
States, which established a means for legitimating the transfer of personally identifiable information by U.S. companies 
doing business in the European Union (“EU”) to the U.S. As a result of an October 6, 2015, European Union Court of 
Justice (“ECJ”) opinion, the Safe Harbor Framework no longer provides a lawful basis to transfer data from the EU to 
the U.S. On February 2, 2016, the European Commission and the United States agreed on a new framework for transatlantic 
data  sharing;  the  Privacy  Shield. The  Privacy  Shield  aims  to  strengthen  protections  of  European  personal  data  and 
monitoring and enforcement of such protections in the U.S., compared to that provided under the prior Safe Harbor 
Frameworks. 

In light of that ECJ opinion and the Privacy Shield, we have made and continue to engage in additional compliance efforts 
when  transferring  certain  data  from  the  EU. We  may  be  unsuccessful  in  complying  with  the  new  EU  data  transfer 
requirements, and as a result, we may be at risk of enforcement actions taken by an EU data protection authority until 
such point in time that we ensure all data transfers to us from the EU are in compliance with applicable law. We may find 
it necessary to establish systems to maintain EU-origin data in the European Economic Area, which may involve substantial 
expense and distraction from other aspects of our business.

Capital Structure and Stock Risks

A stockholder controls approximately 14% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, which may reduce 
other stockholders' ability to influence our affairs.

As of December 31, 2016, Sharon Simpson controlled, directly and indirectly, approximately 14% of the then outstanding 
shares of our common stock. Ms. Simpson, therefore, has significant influence with respect to our corporate matters 
requiring stockholder approval such as the election of our directors and proposals that come before the stockholders at 
the annual meeting or other special meetings.

36

Further, if all or a substantial portion of her shares of our common stock is sold, it could depress the price of our common 
stock.

Any issuance of preferred stock may dilute your investment and reduce funds available for dividends.

Our Board of Directors is authorized by our Certificate of Incorporation to determine the terms of one or more series of 
preferred stock and to authorize the issuance of shares of any such series on such terms as our Board of Directors may 
approve. Any such issuance could be used to impede an acquisition of our business that our Board of Directors does not 
approve, further dilute the equity investments of holders of our common stock and reduce funds available for the payment 
of dividends to holders of our common stock.

Future sales of our common stock could adversely affect our stock price.

Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue, from time to time, authorized and unissued shares of our common 
stock. Our issuance of substantial amounts of new shares of our common stock could adversely affect the prevailing 
market price for our common stock.

All of the outstanding shares of our common stock are freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act of 1933, 
as amended (the "Securities Act"), other than shares of our common stock held by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined 
in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. There were 6,844,696 million shares held by our affiliates as of February 26, 2017. 
In addition as of December 31, 2016, options to purchase 0.3 million shares of our common stock were outstanding and 
exercisable and restricted stock units with respect to 0.6 million shares of our common stock were unvested.

If a substantial number of shares of our common stock are sold in the public market pursuant to Rule 144 by our affiliates 
or issued upon the exercise of our outstanding options, the trading price of our common stock in the public market could 
be adversely affected.

Delaware law and our corporate governance documents contain anti-takeover provisions that could deter takeover 
attempts that might otherwise be beneficial to our stockholders.

Provisions of Delaware law could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us. Section 203 of the Delaware 
General Corporation Law may make the acquisition of the Company and the removal of our incumbent officers and 
directors more difficult for potential acquirers by prohibiting stockholders holding 15% or more of our outstanding voting 
stock from acquiring us without the consent of our Board of Directors for at least three years from the date they first hold 
15% or more of the voting stock.

As of February 28, 2017, we also have the following protective measures, among others:

• 

• 
• 

Under our current classified board structure, only a portion of our Board of Directors is elected at each annual 
meeting.
Stockholders cannot call special meetings of the stockholders and cannot take action by written consent.
A change in the composition of our Board of Directors that is not approved by the existing Board of Directors 
could trigger a default under our existing credit facilities.

These measures reduce the opportunity for a third party to launch a proxy contest to take control of the Company to once 
per year. These provisions may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition of the Company, including a transaction 
that may offer a premium price for our common stock.

We will continue to incur increased costs as a result of being a publicly-traded company, including costs arising 
from the scrutiny of our business, practice and governance as a publicly-traded company.

As a U.S. public company, we are generally subject to the reporting and other requirements of applicable federal and 
state securities laws, rules and regulations and scrutiny by stockholders and proxy advisors. Compliance with these laws, 
rules and regulations and attending to stockholder requests, requires us to continue to incur significant legal, accounting 
and other expenses and costs, makes some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increases demands on 
our systems and resources, and may continue to do so. For example, we recently expended significant time and resources 
in terminating our stockholder rights plan, creating a compensation recovery policy and an anti-hedging and anti-pledging 
policy, redesigning our executive compensation program and responding to other requests from our stockholders. We 
continue to implement strategic and board initiatives to comply with recent and updated best-practices related to our 
37

public company status and respond to stockholder feedback, and expect that will have to continue to allocate significant 
time and resources to such endeavors. 

In addition, as a result of disclosure of information in filings required of a public company, our business and financial 
condition will become more visible, which may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and 
other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed, and even if the 
claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve 
them, could divert the resources of our management and adversely affect our business, brand and reputation and results 
of operations.

Employee Risks

We depend on key management and technical personnel, the loss of whom could harm our business.

We depend on our key management and technical personnel. The loss of one or more key employees could materially 
and adversely affect us.

Our success also depends on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical, sales and marketing and management 
personnel necessary for the maintenance and expansion of our activities. We face strong competition for such personnel 
and may not be able to attract or retain such personnel. In addition, when we experience periods with little or no profits, 
a decrease in compensation based on our profits may make it difficult to attract and retain highly qualified personnel.

In order to attract and retain executives and other key employees, we must provide a competitive compensation package, 
including cash and stock-based compensation. Our primary form of stock-based compensation is restricted stock units 
(“RSUs”). We have issued a substantial number of RSUs in various forms to our management and staff. We cannot 
guarantee that such stock-based incentive awards are tax deductible. As a result, we may be required to pay additional 
tax on stock-based compensation to our employees.

If the anticipated value of our stock-based incentive awards does not materialize so that they cease to be viewed as 
valuable, if our profits decrease, or if our total compensation package is not viewed as competitive, our ability to attract, 
retain and motivate executives and key employees could be weakened. The failure to successfully hire and retain executives 
and key employees or the loss of any executives and key employees could have a significant impact on our operations.

Any work stoppage or interruption by employees could materially and adversely affect our business and financial 
condition.

A significant number of our employees are represented by labor unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements 
that will expire in 2017, 2018 and 2019. Although we believe that our relations with our employees are generally good, 
no assurance can be given that we will be able to successfully extend or renegotiate our collective bargaining agreements 
as they expire from time to time. If we fail to extend or renegotiate our collective bargaining agreements, if disputes with 
our unions arise, or if our unionized workers engage in a strike or other work stoppage or interruption, we could experience 
a significant disruption of, or inefficiencies in, our operations or incur higher labor costs, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position and liquidity.

Other Risks 

Natural disasters could decrease our manufacturing capacity.

Some  of  our  current  manufacturing  facilities  are  located  in  geographic  regions  that  have  experienced  major  natural 
disasters, such as earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. Our disaster recovery plan may not be adequate or effective. We 
do not carry earthquake insurance. Other insurance that we carry is limited in the risks covered and the amount of coverage. 
Our insurance would not be adequate to cover all of our resulting costs, business interruption and lost profits when a 
major natural disaster occurs. A natural disaster rendering one or more of our manufacturing facilities totally or partially 
unusable, whether or not covered by insurance, would materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.

Climate change could materially and adversely affect our business.

We cannot predict the effects that climate change may have on our business. They might, for example:

38

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

depress or reverse economic development,
reduce the demand for construction,
increase the cost and reduce the availability of fresh water,
destroy forests, increasing the cost and reducing the availability of wood products used in construction,
increase the cost and reduce the availability of raw materials and energy,
increase the cost of capital,
increase the cost and reduce the availability of insurance covering damage from natural disasters,
lead to claims regarding the content or adequacy of our public disclosures, and
lead to new laws and regulations that increase our expenses and reduce our sales.

Any of these consequences, and other consequences of climate change that we do not foresee, could materially and 
adversely affect our sales, profits and financial condition.

We may have exposure to greater than anticipated tax liabilities.

We provide guidance on our anticipated tax rates. Failure to meet these anticipated rates could cause us to miss analyst 
forecasts and could result in material declines in our stock price. Our future income taxes could be adversely affected by 
earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions that have lower statutory tax rates and higher than anticipated in 
jurisdictions that have higher statutory tax rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, as 
a result of changes in foreign tax exchanges, or changes in tax laws, regulations, or accounting principles, as well as 
certain discrete items. The determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities requires 
significant judgment, and there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. 
Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our 
financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination 
is made.

Contracts that we file as exhibits to our public reports contain recitals, representations and warranties that may 
not be factually correct.

The parties to any agreement or other instrument that we file as an exhibit to this or any other report did not necessarily 
intend that any recital, representation, warranty or other statement of purported fact in the instrument establish or confirm 
any fact, even if it is worded as such. Often such statements are used to allocate contractual risk between the parties, and 
the statements often are subject to standards of materiality that differ from the standards applicable to our reports. In 
addition, such statements may have been qualified by other materials that we have not filed with (or incorporated by 
reference into) this or any other report or document. Such exhibits should be read in the context of our other disclosures 
in our reports and it should not be assumed that any statement, representation or warranty of any party is necessarily 
factually accurate.

Impairment charges on goodwill or other intangible assets adversely affect our financial position and results of 
operations.

We are required to perform impairment tests on our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets and definite-lived intangible 
assets annually or at any time when events occur that could affect the value of such assets. To determine whether a 
goodwill impairment has occurred, we compare fair value of each of our reporting units with its carrying value. In the 
past,  these  tests  have  led  us  to  incur  significant  impairment  charges.  Significant  and  unanticipated  changes  in 
circumstances,  such  as  significant  adverse  changes  in  business  climate,  adverse  actions  by  regulatory  authorities, 
unanticipated competition, loss of key customers or changes in technology or markets, can require a charge for impairment 
that can materially and adversely affect our reported net income and our stockholders’ equity.

Failure of our internal control over financial reporting or our accounting systems could harm our business and 
financial results.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control, our internal control over financial reporting might not detect or 
prevent  misstatement  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements. We  have  used  a  commercially  available  Microsoft 
accounting software system in connection with our operations in the United States, Europe and Asia. Defects in that third-
party system, our other accounting systems, or their implementation could result in errors in our consolidated financial 
statements. Our growth and entry into globally dispersed markets puts significant additional pressure on our internal 
control system. Failure to maintain an effective internal control system could limit our ability to report our financial 
results  accurately  and  timely  or  to  detect  and  prevent  fraud,  cause  investors  to  lose  confidence  in  the  accuracy  and 
39

completeness of our financial reports, and subject us to regulatory investigations. As a result, our business and the market 
price of our common stock could be materially and adversely affected.

Changes in accounting standards could materially and adversely affect our financial results.

The  accounting  rules  applicable  to  public  companies  are  subject  to  frequent  revision.  Future  changes  in  accounting 
standards, guidance and interpretations could require us to change the way we measure revenue, expense or balance sheet 
amounts, which could result in material and adverse change to our reported results of operations or financial condition.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.

The Company owns its home office in Pleasanton, California, and its principal United States manufacturing facilities in Stockton 
and San Bernardino County, California, McKinney, Texas, West Chicago, Illinois, Columbus, Ohio, and Gallatin, Tennessee. The 
principal manufacturing facilities located outside the United States, the majority of which are owned, are in Canada, France, 
Denmark, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Sweden, Portugal and China. The Company also owns and leases smaller manufacturing 
facilities, warehouses, research and development facilities and sales offices in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe, 
Asia, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Chile. As of February 28, 2017, the Company’s owned and leased facilities were 
as follows:

North America
Europe
Asia/Pacific
Administrative and all other
Total

Number

Of

Properties

Approximate Square Footage

Owned

Leased

Total

(in thousands of square feet)

26
22
12
3
63

2,323
519
175
368
3,385

675
330
39
—
1,044

2,998
849
214
368
4,429

The Company’s properties, in management’s opinion, are maintained in good operating condition. The Company’s manufacturing 
facilities are equipped with specialized equipment and use extensive automation. The Company considers its existing and planned 
facilities to be adequate for its operations as currently conducted and as planned through 2017. The Company’s leased facilities 
typically have renewal options and have expiration dates through 2026. The Company believes it will be able to extend leases on 
its various facilities as necessary, as they expire. The manufacturing facilities currently are being operated with at least one full 
shift. Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company anticipates that it may require 
additional facilities to accommodate possible future growth.

In December 2015, the Company purchased for $12.6 million a manufacturing facility in West Chicago, Illinois, for the purposes 
of combining the operations of two leased chemical facilities into one owned facility. During 2016, the Company incurred $7.3 
million in improvement costs to build out the new facility. In 2016, the Company approved the expansion of the McKinney facility. 
Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company estimates that the expansion will cost 
$17.0 million to $19.0 million and will be completed by the end of 2017.

The Company retained its real estate in Vacaville, California. The Company leased that facility to M&G Dura-Vent, Inc. for 
approximately $0.9 million per year for ten years. These properties are classified under the “Administrative & All other” segment.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and other matters arising in the normal course of business.  

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corrosion, hydrogen enbrittlement, cracking, material hardness, wood pressure-treating chemicals, misinstallations, misuse, design 
and assembly flaws, manufacturing defects, labeling defects, product formula defects, inaccurate chemical mixes, adulteration, 
environmental conditions, or other factors can contribute to failure of fasteners, connectors, anchors, adhesives, specialty chemicals, 
such as fiber reinforced polymers, and tool products.  In addition, inaccuracies may occur in product information, descriptions 
and instructions found in catalogs, packaging, data sheets, and the Company’s website.

As of February 28, 2017, the Company is not a party to any legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to 
the Company’s business, which the Company expects individually or in the aggregate to have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. Nonetheless, the resolution of any claim or litigation is subject 
to inherent uncertainty and could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of 
operations.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information for Common Stock

The information presented below is our historical data and not necessarily indicative of our future financial condition or results 
of operations. 

The Company’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbol “SSD.” The following 
table shows the range of high and low closing sale prices per share of our common stock as reported by the NYSE and dividends 
declared per share of our common stock for each quarter of the two most recent fiscal years indicated below, respectively:

Quarter
2016

Fourth
Third
Second
First
2015

Fourth
Third
Second
First

Record Holders

Market Price

High

Low

Dividends
Declared

$

$

$

$

48.17
45.27
39.97
38.17

38.40
37.01
37.41
37.78

$

$

40.88
39.32
37.25
30.49

33.59
32.94
32.78
31.73

0.18
0.18
0.18
0.16

0.16
0.16
0.16
0.14

As of February 13, 2017, there were 9,484 holders of record of the Company’s common stock. Because many of our shares of 
common stock are held by brokers and other nominees on behalf of stockholders, including in trust, we are unable to estimate the 
total number of stockholders represented by these record holders. 

Dividends

The Company declared dividends of $0.14 per share of our common stock in the first quarter of 2015 and $0.16 per share of our 
common stock in each of the second, third and fourth quarters of 2015. The Company declared dividends of $0.16 per share of 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
our common stock in the first quarter of 2016, and $0.18 per share of our common stock in each of the second, third and fourth 
quarters of 2016. On January 30, 2017, the Company declared a dividend of $0.18 per share of our common stock. See "Note 15 
— Subsequent Events" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Future dividends, if any, will be determined by the 
Company’s Board of Directors, based on the Company’s future earnings, cash flows, financial condition and other factors deemed 
relevant by the Board of Directors. See “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations.”

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

The information required by this item with respect to our equity compensation plans is incorporated by reference to our Proxy 
Statement  for  the  2017 Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders  to  be  filed  with  the  SEC  within  120  days  of  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December 31, 2016.

Stock Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC for purposes of Section 18 of the 
Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference 
into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific 
reference in such filing. The information presented below is our historical data and not necessarily indicative of our future financial 
condition or results of operations. 

The graph below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s common stock from December 31, 2011, 
through December 31, 2016, with the cumulative total return on the S&P 500 Index (a broad equity market index) and the Dow 
Jones U.S. Building Materials & Fixtures Index (a published industry or line-of-business index) over the same period (assuming 
the investment of $100 in the Company’s common stock and in each of the indices on December 31, 2011, and reinvestment of 
all dividends into additional shares of the same class of equity securities at the frequency with which dividends are paid on such 
securities during the applicable fiscal year).

42

 
 
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The table below presents the monthly repurchases of shares of our common stock in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2016.

Period
October 1 - October 31, 2016
November 1 - November 30, 2016
December 1 - December 31, 2016
     Total

(a)

(b)

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased

Average
Price Paid
per Share

(1)

—
154,156
—
154,156

N/A
43.95
N/A

(c)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs

—
154,156
—

(2)

(d)
Approximate Value
of Shares that May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs
$78.0 million
$71.5 million
$71.5 million

(1) 

(2) 

All purchases were made pursuant to a publicly announced repurchase plan or program. See footnote (2) to this table.

At its meeting in August 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $125.0 million of the 
Company’s common stock through 2017. This authorization increased and extended the $50.0 million repurchase authorization from 
February 2016 and will remain in effect through the end of 2017. In August 2016, the Company entered into a Supplemental Confirmation 
with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association for a $50.0 million accelerated share repurchase program (the “2016 ASR Agreement”). 
In 2016, the Company repurchased 1,244,003 shares of its common stock, which included the 1,137,656 shares pursuant to the 2016 
ASR agreement, at a cost of approximately $53.5 million. See “Note 1 — Stock Repurchase Program” to the Company’s Consolidated 
Financial Statements.

43

Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

You should read the following selected consolidated financial data in conjunction with Part II, Item 7 — "Management's Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the 
related Notes thereto, including any discussion of accounting changes, business combinations or dispositions of business operations 
therein, to fully understand factors that may affect the comparability of the information presented below.

The consolidated statements of operations data for each of the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated 
balance sheets data as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included 
in  the  Company's  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  The  consolidated  statements  of  operations  data  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2013 and 2012 and the consolidated balance sheets data as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are derived from 
our audited consolidated financial statements, except as otherwise noted, that are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-
K. The information presented below is our historical data and not necessarily indicative of our future financial condition or results 
of  operations.  The  financial  data  below  includes  the  results  of  operations  of  acquired  companies  beginning  on  the  dates  of 
acquisition. For a summary of recent acquisitions that took place during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, 
see “Note 2 — Acquisitions” to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

 (in thousands, except per-share data)
Statement of Operations Data:
Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit

Research and development and other engineering expense
Selling expense
General and administrative expense
Impairment of goodwill
Net loss (gain) on disposal of assets
Income from operations
Interest income (expense), net
Income from operations
Provision for income taxes
Net income

Earnings per share of common stock:

Basic
Diluted

Cash dividends declared per share of common stock

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

$ 860,661
448,211
412,450

$ 794,059
435,140
358,919

$ 752,148
410,118
342,030

$ 705,322
391,791
313,531

$ 656,231
373,759
282,472

46,248
98,343
129,162
—
(780)
139,477
(577)
138,900
49,166
89,734

1.87
1.86

0.700

46,196
90,663
113,428
—
(389)
109,021
(342)
108,679
40,791
67,888

1.39
1.38

0.620

$

$
$

$

$

$
$

$

39,018
92,031
111,500
530
(325)
99,276
46
99,322
35,791
63,531

1.30
1.29

0.545

36,843
85,102
108,070
—
2,038
81,478
86
81,564
30,593
50,971

1.05
1.05

0.375

$

$
$

$

$

$
$

$

35,919
82,364
99,968
2,346
166
61,709
212
61,921
20,003
41,918

0.87
0.87

0.625

$

$
$

$

 (in thousands)
Balance Sheet Data:
Working capital
Property, plant and equipment, net
Goodwill
Total assets
Line of credit and long-term debt, including current
portion
Total liabilities
Total stockholders’ equity

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

December 31,

$

476,451
232,810
124,479
979,974

—
114,132
865,842

$

494,308
213,716
123,950
961,309

—
111,485
849,824

$

509,838
207,027
123,881
973,065

18
109,600
863,465

$

464,901
209,533
129,218
953,613

103
112,334
841,279

$

402,538
213,452
121,981
890,322

178
100,754
789,568

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following is a discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations, unless stated otherwise, for the 
Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, and of certain factors that may affect the Company’s 
prospective financial condition and results of operations. The following discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements 
as discussed in the “Note About Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should 
be read in conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included therein. In addition to 
our historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our 
plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those plans, estimates, and beliefs. Factors that could 
cause  or  contribute  to  these  differences  include  those  discussed  below  and  elsewhere  in  this Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K, 
particularly "Item 1A — Risk Factors."

Overview

To avoid fractional percentages, all percentages presented in this "Overview" section were rounded to the nearest whole number 
except for the estimated full-year 2017 gross profit margin.

The Company's strategy is to grow its building material product offerings and geographic sales footprint so it is not so heavily 
dependent on North America housing starts. It is focused on expanding sales in wood products by introducing new products into 
markets it currently operates in or entering new geographic markets, such as countries in Europe. New wood products, such as 
fasteners, may be internally developed or acquired. The Company is also focused on growing its concrete products business in all 
segments it operates in and will also search for new acquisition opportunities, such as concrete repair. The Company's strategy is 
to grow into new markets and products while leveraging its strengths in engineering, sales and distribution, and strong brand name.

The Company designs, manufactures and sells building construction products that are of high quality and performance, easy to 
use and cost-effective for customers. It operates in three business segments determined by geographic region; North America, 
Europe and Asia/Pacific. See "Note 14 — Segment Information."

•  The North America segment sells both wood and concrete construction products and has been highly dependent on housing 
starts. The Company has made efforts to be less dependent on new housing construction by expanding its line of concrete 
construction products. North America concrete construction product net sales increased 22% in 2016 from 2014 net sales, 
primarily due to improved economic conditions, partly offset by the negative effects of foreign currency translation. To 
improve operating efficiencies, during the third quarter of 2016, the Company initiated a multi-year plan to increase its 
North America connector factory production efficiency, aiming to achieve a 75% factory utilization rate on two full shifts 
by moving high-volume wood connector production from both its San Bernardino County and Western Canada facilities 
to its other major manufacturing locations in North America. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had relocated 60% 
of the high-volume connector production and 45% of the related product dies, which is ahead of schedule. Once the 
transition  is  completed,  based  on  current  information  and  subject  to  future  events  and  circumstances,  the  Company 
estimates this consolidation will save approximately $3.0 million per year, mostly in production costs. Both the San 
Bernardino County and Western Canada locations will continue as sales and distribution locations, and maintain the 
capability to manufacture custom orders to continue to meet the Company's service and product availability commitments 
to customers in the Southwestern region of the United States and Western region of Canada.

•  The Europe segment also sells both wood and concrete construction products and until recently relied primarily on wood 
construction products. Europe concrete construction product net sales increased 11% in 2016 from 2014 net sales, primarily 
due to improved economic conditions and expanded sales activities into new countries, partly offset by the negative 
effects of foreign currency translation as the result of a generally strengthening United States dollar. In January 2017, to 
increase fastener product offerings, the Company acquired Gbo Fastening Systems AB ("Gbo Fastening Systems") for 
approximately  $10.2  million.  Based  on  preliminary  unaudited  information  received  from  Gbo  Fastening  Systems’ 
management, the Company currently believes that for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, Gbo Fastening Systems 
had approximately $42.6 million in net sales. Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, 
the Company estimates that 2017 integration expenses related to Gbo Fastening Systems will be approximately $1 million 
to $2 million. See "Note 15 — Subsequent Events" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

•  The Asia/Pacific segment also sells both wood and concrete construction products. The Company has closed its sales 
offices located in China, Thailand and Dubai, as well as eliminated its selling activities in Hong Kong, due to continued 
losses in the regions. As a result, concrete construction product net sales decreased over 82% in 2016 from 2014 while 
wood construction product net sales increased 10% in 2016 from 2014. The Company believes that the Asia/Pacific 
segment is not significant to the Company's overall performance.

•  Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company estimates that its full-year 

2017 gross profit margin will be between approximately 46.5% and 47.5%.

45

 
 
•  Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company currently anticipates that it 

is possible for the market price of steel to rise during the first quarter of 2017.

•  Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company estimates that its full-year 

2017 effective tax rate will be between 36% and 37%.

The Company continues to invest in its strategic initiatives, such as expanding its offering of concrete construction products 
(including specialty chemicals), wood construction products (particularly its truss plate and fasteners) and software solutions. In 
support of these initiatives, the Company expects to commit resources to improve and increase manufacturing capabilities and is 
prepared to invest resources to acquire products or businesses that meet the Company's goals, such as the recent acquisitions of 
Gbo Fastening Systems AB ("Gbo Fastening Systems") and CG Visions, Inc. ("CG Visions"). In addition, the Company also 
expects  to  continue  to  invest  time  and  resources  in  its  stockholder  engagement  and  other  board-driven  initiatives,  including 
harmonizing its corporate governance and executive compensation to reflect current best practices and latest developments.

In January 2017, the Company acquired Gbo Fastening Systems for approximately $10.2 million. Gbo Fastening Systems is 
headquartered  in  Gunnebo,  Sweden,  with  fastener  production  and  surface  treatment  capabilities  in  Sweden  and  Poland.  Gbo 
Fastening Systems has over 200 employees located in Sweden, Poland, Norway and Romania. Gbo Fastening Systems manufactures 
and sells a complete line of European approved CE-marked structural fasteners and provides unique fastener dimensioning software 
for wood construction applications, mostly in northern and eastern Europe, which the Company expects to eventually distribute 
and sell in western  Europe. The Company  also  expects that the acquisition will enable the Company to  develop and expand 
distribution into northern Europe its wood construction products manufactured in the Company's manufacturing facilities in western 
Europe.  Further,  the  Company  expects  to  access  Gbo  Fastening  Systems'  expertise  in  product  development  and  testing,  and 
proficiency in fastener manufacturing, surface treatment and painting, to strengthen Gbo Fastening Systems' global presence and 
contribute engineering expertise in automatic fastening systems and fastener collation to help Gbo Fastening Systems broaden 
both its fastener and structural connectors lines.

Based on preliminary unaudited information received from Gbo Fastening Systems’ management, the Company currently believes 
that for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, Gbo Fastening Systems had approximately $42.6 million in net sales and $0.8 
million in income from operations before interest, non-recurring expenses and income taxes. Based on such information, and 
subject to future events and circumstances, the Company believes it is reasonable to expect that the annual return on investment 
with respect Gbo Fastening Systems will exceed its cost of capital within 4 to 5 years, although the Company will incur integration 
expenses that are expected to result in operating losses during the next 2 years.

In January 2017, the Company acquired CG Visions, Inc. ("CG Visions") for up to approximately $21.5 million, including an earn-
out of $2.15 million subject to meeting sales targets, and subject to specified holdback provisions and post-closing adjustment. 
CG Visions was founded in 2000 in Lafayette, Indiana, to bring new ideas and experience in the digital media and construction 
fields. CG Visions provides its scalable technologies and services to a number of the top 100 mid-sized to large builders in the 
United States of America. This acquisition is expected to enable the Company to build closer partnerships with builders by offering 
software and services to help them control costs and increase efficiency at all stages of the home building process. The Company 
expects to look for opportunities to incorporate its products into CG Visions' building information modeling ("BIM") packages 
and apply CG Visions’ expertise to the Company's existing and future software initiatives.

Based on preliminary unaudited information received from CG Visions’ management team, the Company currently believes that 
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, CG Visions had approximately $5.9 million in net sales and $1.2 million in income 
from operations before interest and income taxes. Based on such information, and subject to future events and circumstances, the 
Company believes that it is reasonable to expect that the annual return on investment with respect to the Company’s investment 
in CG Visions will exceed its cost of capital within 4 to 5 years.

While we believe that the unaudited third-party information in connection with our recent acquisitions provides investors with 
useful information about the financial performance of our acquisition targets and allow for greater transparency with respect to 
information relied on by our management in evaluating and executing such acquisitions, investors are cautioned that there are 
material limitations associated with the use of such unaudited information as an analytical tool. For example, these measures may 
be different from financial measures used by the Company and/or other companies, limiting their usefulness for comparison 
purposes.

In July 2016, the Company's Board of Directors approved a plan to replace the Company's current in-house enterprise resource 
planning ("ERP") and accounting platforms with a fully integrated ERP platform from SAP America, Inc. ("SAP"). Management 
plans to replace the current platforms in multiple phases over a period of three to four years, minimize project scope expansion 
and focus on configuring, instead of customizing, the standard SAP modules with an emphasis on creating a global template that 
will accommodate all Company product lines and market segments. Based on current information and subject to future events and 
46

 
circumstances, management estimates that the new platform will cost approximately $30 million, including capital expenditures, 
which will increase annual operating expenses during the implementation phase from 2017 to 2019. When fully implemented, 
however, the Company anticipates that the new platform could result in annual savings approximately equal to 1% of net sales 
from improved production scheduling and inventory management, as well as lower labor, administrative and compliance costs. 

The Company generally manufactures products and incurs costs in the areas where sales occur. Therefore, for each of the Company’s 
foreign operations the local currency is the functional currency and each foreign operation transacts primarily in its functional 
currency. The Company does not currently have or plan to enter into foreign currency contracts to hedge its exposure to foreign 
exchange rates. 

The Administrative & All Other segment primarily includes expenses such as self-insured workers compensation claims costs for 
employees  of  the  Company’s  venting  business,  which  was  sold  in  2010,  stock-based  compensation  for  certain  members  of 
management, interest expense, foreign exchange gains or losses and income tax expense, as well as income and expenses related 
to real estate activities, such as rental income and depreciation expense on the Company’s facility in Vacaville, California, which 
the Company has leased to a third party for a 10-year term expiring in August 2020.

Unlike lumber or other products that have a more direct correlation to housing starts, the Company’s products are used to a greater
extent in areas that are subject to natural forces, such as seismic or wind events. The Company’s products are used in a sequential 
process that follows the construction process. Residential and commercial construction begins with the foundation, followed by 
the wall and the roof systems, and the installation of the Company’s products flow into a project or a house according to these 
schedules. Foundation product sales could be considered a leading indicator for the Company. Sales of these products in the fourth
quarter of 2016 increased compared to the same period in 2015.

The Company’s sales also tend to be seasonal, with operating results varying from quarter to quarter. With some exceptions, the
Company’s sales and income have historically been lower in the first and fourth quarters than in the second and third quarters of
the year, as customers purchase construction materials in the late spring and summer months for the construction season. In addition,
weather conditions, such as extended wet or cold weather in any region of North America or Europe, which affect and sometimes 
delay installation of some of the Company’s products, could negatively affect the Company’s net sales and results of operations. 
Political and economic events can also affect the Company’s sales and profitability. See "Item 1A — Risk Factors."

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the years indicated, the Company's operating results as a percentage of net sales for the years 
ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Research and development and other engineering
Selling expense
General and administrative expense
Impairment of goodwill
Net loss on disposal of assets
Income from operations
Interest income (expense), net
Income before taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income

100.0 %
52.1 %
47.9 %
5.4 %
11.4 %
15.0 %
— %
(0.1)%
16.2 %
(0.1)%
16.1 %
5.7 %
10.4 %

100.0 %
54.8 %
45.2 %
5.8 %
11.4 %
14.3 %
— %
— %
13.7 %
— %
13.7 %
5.1 %
8.6 %

100.0%
54.5%
45.5%
5.2%
12.2%
14.8%
0.1%
—%
13.2%
—%
13.2%
4.8%
8.4%

47

 
 
 
 
 
2014 to 2016 Financial Highlights

To avoid fractional percentages, all percentages presented below in this "2014 to 2016 Financial Highlights" section were rounded 
to  the  nearest  whole  number  except  for  the  2016  and  2014  operating  expenses  as  a  percentage  of  2016  and  2014  net  sales, 
respectively.

From 2014 to 2016, net sales increased to $860.7 million from $752.1 million. The Company had net income of $89.7 million for 
2016 compared to net income of $63.5 million for 2014. Diluted net income per common share was $1.86 for 2016 compared to 
$1.29 for 2014. Income from operations increased 40% to $139.5 million in 2016 from $99.3 million in 2014. 

Net sales

Net sales increased to $860.7 million in 2016 from $752.1 million in 2014, reflecting improved economic conditions in North 
America.

• 

Segment net sales:

North America — Net sales increased to $742.0 million in 2016 from $613.8 million in 2014. Canada net sales 
decreased due to the effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $7 million. In the local currency, Canada's 
net sales increased in 2016 compared to 2014. The net sales increases in North America were mostly due to increases 
in unit sales volume in both concrete construction and wood products from increased building activity, partly offset 
by a slight decrease in average sales prices.
Europe — Net sales decreased to $111.3 million in 2016 from $123.2 million in 2014, primarily due to the effects 
of foreign currency translation. Net sales in Europe were negatively affected by approximately $22 million due to 
European  currencies  weakening  against  the  United  States  dollar.  In  local  currencies,  Europe's  overall  net  sales 
increased  in  2016  compared  to  2014,  primarily  due  to  increases  in  unit  sales  volume  from  expanding  concrete 
construction products net sales into Denmark and Sweden, as well as the August 2016 acquisition of MS Decoupe 
(see "Note 2 — Acquisitions" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements), partly offset by a slight decrease 
in average sales prices.
Asia/Pacific — Net sales decreased to $7.4 million in 2016 from $15.1 million in 2014, due to the closing of sales 
offices in China, Thailand and Dubai in the first quarter of 2015, which accounted for an approximately $10 million 
decrease in net sales. Excluding net sales from the closed sales offices, Asia/Pacific net sales increased $1.9 million, 
net of the negative effects of foreign currency translation of approximately $1.4 million.

•  Consolidated net sales channels and product groups:

Net sales to contractor distributors, lumber dealers and dealer distributors increased significantly in 2016 compared 
to 2014 due to increased construction activity. 
Wood construction product net sales, including connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and shearwalls, 
increased 15% to $732.4 million in 2016 from $636.0 million in 2014, primarily due to increased unit sales volumes 
on improved economic conditions, partly offset by the negative effects of foreign currency translation. 
Concrete construction product sales, including adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, powder actuated tools and 
reinforcing fiber materials, increased 11% to $128.2 million in 2016 from $115.9 million in 2014, primarily due to 
increased unit sales volumes on improved economic conditions, partly offset a decrease of $8.7 million in net sales 
from the closure of sales offices located in China, Thailand and Dubai, as well as the negative effects of foreign 
currency translation.

Gross profit

Gross profit margin increased to 48% in 2016 from 46% in 2014.

•  North America — Gross profit margin increased to 49% from 46%, primarily as a result of a decrease in material costs, as a 

percentage of net sales. 

•  Europe — Gross profit margin increased to 40% from 38%, primarily as a as a result of decreases in material costs and factory 

overhead costs, as a percentage of net sales. 
Product group — The gross profit margins, including some inter-segment expenses, that are eliminated in consolidation, and 
excluding other expenses not allocated according to product group, increased to 49% from 46% for wood construction products 
and increased to 35% from 34% for concrete construction products. 

• 

48

 
Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased in dollar amounts, but decreased as a percentage of net sales, and were $273.0 million, or 31.7% of 
net sales, in 2016, compared to $242.8 million, or 32.3% of net sales, in 2014. The increase in operating expenses was primarily 
due to increased cash profit sharing expense related to increased operating profits, costs in support of new products lines, which 
included increased personnel costs, mostly related to the addition of staff, increased legal and professional fees, primarily related 
to acquisition activities, stockholder engagement and board initiatives, such as changes to executive compensation, and corporate 
governance, write-off of a software development project, and computer and information technology expense related to upgrading 
and supporting information technology systems.

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

Unless otherwise stated, the results announced below, in this "Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015"
section, when providing comparisons (which are generally indicated by words such as “increased,” “decreased,” "remained" or 
“compared to”), compare the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016, against the results of operations for the 
year ended December 31, 2015.

To avoid fractional percentages, all percentages presented below in this section were rounded to the nearest whole number.

Net sales increased 8% to $860.7 million from $794.1 million. The Company had net income of $89.7 million compared to $67.9 
million. Diluted net income per common share was $1.86 compared to $1.38. Income from operations increased 28% to $139. 5 
million from $109.0 million.

The following table shows the change in the Company’s operations from 2015 to 2016, and the increases or decreases for each 
category by segment:

 (in thousands)
Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Research and development and other
engineering expense
Selling expense
General and administrative expense
Impairment of goodwill
Gain on sale of assets
Income from operations
Interest income (expense), net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income

Net Sales

Increase (Decrease) in Operating Segment

North
America

Europe

Asia/ 
Pacific

Admin & 
All Other

$

$

65,403
17,273
48,130

$

3,206
680
2,526

(2,007) $
(4,174)
2,167

— $

(708)
708

(33)
6,370
14,622
—
(695)
27,866
(79)
27,787
8,547
19,240

$

191
1,920
3,337
—
(24)
(2,898)
(256)
(3,154)
(264)
(2,890) $

(90)
(563)
(3,027)
—
263
5,584
(96)
5,488
140
5,348

$

$

(16)
(47)
802
—
65
(96)
196
100
(48)
148

$

2015
794,059
435,140
358,919

46,196
90,663
113,428
—
(389)
109,021
(342)
108,679
40,791
67,888

$

$

2016
860,661
448,211
412,450

46,248
98,343
129,162
—
(780)
139,477
(577)
138,900
49,166
89,734

The following table shows net sales by segment for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively:

(in thousands)
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2016
Increase (decrease)
Percentage increase (decrease)

North
America
$ 676,618
742,021
65,403

$

Europe
$ 108,068
111,274
3,206

$

$

Asia/
Pacific
9,373
7,366
$ (2,007)

Total
$ 794,059
860,661
66,602

$

10%

3%

(21)%

8%

49

 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The following table shows segment net sales as percentages of total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, 
respectively:

Percentage of total 2015 net sales
Percentage of total 2016 net sales

• 

Segment net sales:

North
America

Europe

Asia/
Pacific

85%
86%

14%
13%

Total

100%
100%

1%
1%

•  North America — Net sales increased 10%, mostly due to increased unit sales volumes on improved economic 
activity as well as a slight increase in average net sales unit prices in both the United States and Canada. Canada's 
net sales were negatively affected by approximately $1.2 million in foreign currency translation, due to the weakening 
of the Canadian dollar against the United States dollar. 

•  Europe — Net sales increased 3%, mostly due to increased unit sales volumes, partly offset by a decrease in average 
net sales unit prices. Europe's net sales were negatively affected by approximately $3.1 million primarily due to the 
weakening of the British pound against the United States dollar. 

•  Asia/Pacific — Net sales decreased 21%, primarily due to the effects of the closing of sales offices in China, Thailand 
and Dubai late in the first quarter of 2015, which accounted for an approximately $4.1 million decrease in net sales.

•  Consolidated net sales channels and product groups:

•  Net sales to dealer distributors, lumber dealers, contractor distributors and home centers increased, primarily due 

to increased construction activity.

•  Wood construction product net sales, including sales of connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and 

shearwalls, represented 85% of the Company's total net sales in both 2016 and 2015.

•  Concrete construction product net sales, including sales of adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, powder 

actuated tools and reinforcing fiber materials, represented 15% of the Company's total net sales in both 2016 and 
2015. 

Gross Profit

The following table shows gross profit by segment for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively:

(in thousands)
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2016

Increase
Percentage increase

North
America
$ 317,628
365,758
48,130

$

Europe
41,512
44,038
2,526

$

$

Asia/
Pacific

Admin &
All Other

Total

$

$

251
2,419
2,168

$

$

(472) $ 358,919
412,450
235
707
53,531
N/M

$

15%

15%

6%

864%

The following table shows gross profit percentages by segment for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively:

2015 gross profit percentage
2016 gross profit percentage

North
America

Europe

Asia/
Pacific

Admin &
All Other

Total

47%
49%

38%
40%

3%
33%

NM
NM

45%
48%

Gross profit increased to $412.5 million from $358.9 million. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased to 48% from 
45%.

•  North America — Gross profit margin increased to 49% from 47%, primarily as a result of a decrease in material costs, 

each as a percentage of sales and an increase in average net sales unit price.

•  Europe — Gross profit margin increased to 40% from 38%, primarily as a result of decreases in material costs and factory 

overhead costs, each as a percentage of sales. 

50

 
 
 
 
 
• 

Product group — The gross profit margins, including some inter-segment expenses, that are eliminated in consolidation, 
and excluding other expenses not allocated according to product group, increased to 49% from 47% for wood construction 
products and increased to 35% from 31% for concrete construction products.

Research and development and engineering expense

Research and development and engineering expense was $46.2 million in both 2016 and 2015, primarily due to increases of $2.3 
million in cash profit sharing expense on increased profits, $0.7 million in personnel costs, $0.5 million in supply costs, $0.4 
million  in  computer  costs  and  $0.1  in  stock-based  compensation,  offset  by  decreases  of  $4.2  million  write-offs  of  software 
development projects, most of which occurred in the North America segment.

Selling expense

Selling expense increased 8% to $98.3 million from $90.7 million, primarily due to increases of $5.0 million in personnel costs, 
$2.6 million in cash profit sharing expense on increased profits, and $0.5 million in advertising expense, partly offset by a decrease 
of $0.8 million in professional fees.

•  North America — Selling expense increased $6.4 million, primarily due to increases of $4.4 million in personnel costs, 
mostly related to the addition of staff and pay rate increases instituted on January 1, 2016, $2.3 million in cash profit sharing 
expense and $0.5 million in advertising expense, partly offset by a decrease of $1.0 million in professional fees.

•  Europe — Selling expense increased $1.9 million, primarily due to increases of $1.2 million in personnel costs, mostly 

related to the addition of staff, and $0.2 million in cash profit sharing expense.

•  Asia/Pacific — Selling expense decreased $0.6 million, primarily due to a decrease of $0.6 million in personnel costs related 

to closing three sales offices and downsizing one sales office in 2015.

General and administrative expense

General and administrative expense increased 14% to $129.2 million from $113.4 million, primarily due to increases of $5.4 
million in cash profit sharing expense on increased profits, $4.0 million in legal and professional fees, primarily related to acquisition 
activities, stockholder engagement and board initiatives, such as changes to executive compensation and corporate governance, 
$2.2 million in stock-based compensation, $1.8 million in computer and information technology expense, $1.1 million in personnel 
costs, and $0.4 million in contingent compensation related to prior acquisitions made in Europe, as well as a $0.9 million increase 
in net foreign currency losses, partly offset by decreases of $0.6 million in bad debt reserve and $0.1 million in facility rent and 
maintenance expense.

•  North America — General and administrative expense increased $14.6 million, primarily due to increases of $4.9 million 
in cash profit sharing expense, $2.5 million in legal and professional fees, $2.3 million in personnel costs, $1.8 million in 
computer and information technology expense, $1.1 million in stock-based compensation, and $0.5 million in facility rent 
and maintenance expense, as well as a $0.9 million increase in net foreign currency losses, partly offset by a decrease of 
$0.4 million in bad debt reserve.

•  Europe — General and administrative expense increased $3.3 million, primarily due to increases of $1.6 million in legal 
and  professional  fees  related  to  acquisition  activities,  $0.6  million  in  personnel  costs,  and  $0.4  million  in  contingent 
compensation related to prior acquisitions, partly offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in stock-based compensation and $0.2 
million in bad debt reserves.

•  Asia/Pacific — General and administrative expense decreased $3.0 million, primarily due to decreases of $1.7 million in 
personnel costs, $0.6 million in facility rent and maintenance expense and $0.2 million in legal and professional fees, each 
related to the sales office closures in 2015.

•  Administrative and All Other — General and administrative expense increased, primarily due to increases of $1.3 million 

in stock-based compensation and $0.4 million in cash profit sharing expense.

Income taxes

The Company's effective income tax rate decreased to 35% from 38%, primarily due to reduced operating losses in the Asia/
Pacific segment, for which no tax benefit was recorded. 

51

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014

Unless otherwise stated, the results announced below, in this "Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014"
section, when providing comparisons (which are generally indicated by words such as “increased,” “decreased,” "remained" or 
“compared to”), compare the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015, against the results of operations for the 
year ended December 31, 2014.

To avoid fractional percentages, all percentages presented below in this section were rounded to the nearest whole number except 
for the 2015 and 2014 gross profit margins (including segment gross profit margins) as a percentage of 2015 and 2014 net sales, 
respectively, as well as their comparisons.

Net sales increased 6% to $794.1 million from $752.1 million. The Company had net income of $67.9 million compared to $63.5 
million. Diluted net income per common share was $1.38 compared to $1.29. An out-of-period adjustment recorded during 2014 
relating to a non-recurring correction had the effect of increasing net income by $1.3 million, or the equivalent of $0.026 per share 
(see  "Note  1  —  Out-of-Period Adjustment"  to  the  Company's  Consolidated  Financial  Statements).  Income  from  operations 
increased 10% to $109.0 million from $99.3 million.

The following table shows the change in the Company’s operations from 2014 to 2015, and the increases or decreases for each 
category by segment.

 (in thousands)
Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Research and development and other
engineering expense
Selling expense
General and administrative expense
Impairment of goodwill
Gain on sale of assets
Income from operations
Interest income (expense), net
Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income

Net Sales

Increase (Decrease) in Operating Segment

2014
752,148
410,118
342,030

39,018
92,031
111,500
530
(325)
99,276
46
99,322
35,791
63,531

$

$

$

$

North
America

62,775
36,263
26,512

7,966
898
2,847
—
243
14,558
5
14,563
6,713
7,850

Europe

$

(15,109) $
(9,656)
(5,453)

(570)
(941)
(2,125)
(530)
(77)
(1,210)
(234)
(1,444)
(745)
(699) $

$

Asia/ 
Pacific

Admin & 
All Other

(5,755) $
(2,354)
(3,401)

(316)
(1,307)
331
—
(230)
(1,879)
(18)
(1,897)
(302)
(1,595) $

— $
769
(769)

98
(18)
875
—
—
(1,724)
(141)
(1,865)
(666)
(1,199) $

2015
794,059
435,140
358,919

46,196
90,663
113,428
—
(389)
109,021
(342)
108,679
40,791
67,888

The following table shows net sales by segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively:

(in thousands)
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2015
Increase (decrease)
Percentage increase (decrease)

North
America
$ 613,843
676,618
62,775

$

Europe
$ 123,177
108,068
$ (15,109)

Asia/
Pacific
$ 15,128
9,373
$ (5,755)

Total
$ 752,148
794,059
41,911

$

10%

(12)%

(38)%

6%

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table shows segment net sales as percentages of total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, 
respectively:

Percentage of total 2014 net sales
Percentage of total 2015 net sales

• 

Segment net sales:

North
America

Europe

Asia/
Pacific

82%
85%

16%
14%

Total

100%
100%

2%
1%

•  North America — Net sales increased 10%, primarily due to increased unit sales volumes in the United States on 
improved economic activity, partly offset by a slight decrease in average sales prices. Canadian net sales decreased, 
mostly due to the effects of foreign currency translation, partly offset by an increase in unit sales volumes. Canada's 
2015 net sales were negatively affected by approximately $5.6 million due to the Canadian dollar weakening 
against the United States dollar. In Canadian dollars, Canada's overall net sales increased slightly in 2015.

•  Europe — Net sales decreased 12%, mostly due to the effects of foreign currency translations. Europe's 2015 net 
sales were negatively affected by approximately $17.6 million due to European currencies weakening against the 
United States dollar. In local currencies, Europe's overall net sales increased slightly in 2015.

•  Asia/Pacific — Net sales decreased 38%, primarily due to the closing of sales offices in China, Thailand and 
Dubai, which accounted for approximately $5.6 million of the decreases in net sales. Foreign currency translations 
due to the weakening of the respective currencies against the United States dollar negatively affected net sales by 
approximately $0.6 million. 

•  Consolidated net sales channels and product groups:

•  Net sales to contractor distributors, dealer distributors, home centers and lumber dealers increased in 2015, primarily 

due to increased home construction activity.

•  Wood construction product net sales, including connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and shearwalls, 

represented 85% of our total net sales in both 2015 and 2014. 

•  Concrete construction product sales, including adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, powder actuated tools 

and reinforcing fiber materials, represented 15% of our total net sales in both 2015 and 2014.

 Gross Profit

The following table shows gross profit by segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively:

(in thousands)
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2015
Increase (decrease)
Percentage increase (decrease)

North
America
$ 291,116
317,628
$ 26,512

Europe
$ 46,965
41,512
$ (5,453)

$

Asia/
Pacific
3,652
251
$ (3,401)

$

$

9%

(12)%

(93)%

Admin &
All Other

Total
$ 342,030
358,919
16,889

297
(472)
(769) $
N/M

5%

The following table shows gross profit percentages by segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively:

2014 gross profit percentage
2015 gross profit percentage

North
America

47.4%
46.9%

Europe

38.1%
38.4%

Asia/
Pacific

Admin &
All Other

24.1%
2.7%

NM
NM

Total

45.5%
45.2%

Gross profit increased to $358.9 million from $342.0 million. Gross profit margin as a percentage of net sales decreased to 45.2%
from 45.5%, partly due to a non-recurring $2.5 million correction to workers' compensation expense in the North America segment 
that increased the Company's 2014 gross profit margin by 0.3% of net sales and increases in material costs.

•  North America — Gross profit margin decreased to 46.9% from 47.4%, primarily as a result of increases in material costs, 
as a percentage of net sales, partly offset by slight decreases in factory overhead cost and shipping cost, each as a percentage 
of sales. Factory overhead cost, as a percentage of net sales, in 2014 was affected by a non-recurring $2.5 million correction 

53

 
 
 
to workers' compensation expense that increased the 2014 gross profit margin by 0.4%. Factory overhead, as a percentage 
of net sales, in 2015 was reduced by a non-recurring settlement of a union-based defined-benefit pension withdrawal liability 
that increased gross profit margin by 0.1% as compared to 2014 when an atypical non-recurring $3.3 million pension charge 
resulted from the Company's withdrawal from a multiemployer union-based defined-benefit pension plan.

•  Europe — Gross profit margin increased by 0.3% as a result of decreases in material costs, factory overhead (on increased 
production volumes) and warehouse costs, each as a percentage of sales, partly offset by increases in the costs of labor and 
shipping, each also as a percentage of sales. 
Product mix — The gross profit margins, including some inter-segment expenses, that are eliminated in consolidation, and 
excluding other expenses not allocated according to product group, increased to 47% from 46% for wood construction 
products and decreased to 31% from 34% for concrete construction products.

• 

Research and development and engineering expense

Research and development and engineering expense increased 18% to $46.2 million from $39.0 million, primarily due to $5.9 
million in write-offs of software development projects, as well as increases of $2.0 million in personnel costs related to the addition 
of staff and pay rate increases instituted in January 2015 and $0.6 million in cash profit sharing expense on increased operating 
profits, partly offset by a decrease of $0.7 million in stock-based compensation costs, most of which occurred in the North America 
segment.

Selling expense

Selling expense decreased 2% to $90.7 million from $92.0 million, primarily due to decreases of $0.9 million in professional fees, 
$0.7 million in stock-based compensation and $0.6 million in advertising costs, partly offset by increases of $0.5 million in cash 
profit sharing and commission expense, $0.3 million in agent commission expense and $0.2 million in personnel costs related to 
the addition of staff and pay rate increases instituted in January 2015.

•  North America — Selling expense increased $0.9 million, primarily due to increases of $1.5 million in personnel costs and 
$1.1  million  in  cash  profit  sharing  and  commission  expense,  partly  offset  by  decreases  of  $0.7  million  in  stock-based 
compensation, $0.7 million in professional fees and $0.4 million in advertising costs.

•  Europe — Selling expense decreased by $0.9 million, primarily due to decreases of $1.1 million in personnel costs and 
$0.2 million in professional fees, partly offset by a $0.4 million increase in agent commission expense, primarily attributable 
to differences in exchange rates used for translating local currencies into United States dollars.

•  Asia/Pacific — Selling expense decreased $1.3 million, primarily due to decreases of $0.6 million in personnel costs and 
$0.5 million in cash profit sharing and sales commissions, both related to closing three sales offices and downsizing one 
sales office.

General and administrative expense

General and administrative expense increased 2% to $113.4 million from $111.5 million, primarily due to increases of $2.2 million 
in personnel costs related to the addition of staff and pay rate increases instituted in January 2015, $0.6 million in stock-based 
compensation expense, $0.4 million in bad debt expense and $0.1 million in cash profit sharing, partly offset by a decrease of $1.1 
million in amortization expense.

•  North America — General and administrative expense increased $2.8 million, primarily due to increases of $2.4 million 
in personnel costs, $0.3 million in cash profit sharing expense, $0.3 million in stock-based compensation costs and $0.2 
million in bad debt expense, partly offset by a decrease of $0.7 million in amortization expense.

•  Europe — General and administrative expense decreased by $2.1 million, primarily due to decreases of $1.1 million in 
personnel costs, $0.5 million in cash profit sharing and $0.3 million in intangible amortization expense, primarily attributable 
to differences in exchange rates used for translating local currencies into United States dollars.

•  Asia/Pacific — General and administrative expenses increased by $0.3 million, primarily due to increases of $0.4 million 

in personnel costs.

•  Administrative and Other — General and administrative expense increased by $0.9 million, primarily due to increases of 
$0.4 million in personnel cost, $0.3 million in stock-based compensation expense and $0.2 million in cash profit sharing.

Income taxes

The effective income tax rate increased to 38% from 36%. The 2015 effective income tax rate was higher primarily due to the 
2014 release of an uncertain tax position as well as a solar tax credit for installing solar panels at one of the Company's facilities, 
which were non-recurring.
54

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The  critical  accounting  policies  described  below  affect  the  Company’s  more  significant  judgments  and  estimates  used  in  the 
preparation of the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. If the Company’s business conditions change or if it uses different 
assumptions or estimates in the application of these and other accounting policies, the Company’s future results of operations 
could be adversely affected.

Inventory Valuation

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value (market). Cost includes all costs incurred in bringing each product 
to its present location and condition, as follows:

•  Raw materials and purchased finished goods — principally valued at cost determined on a weighted average basis: and
In-process products and finished goods — cost of direct materials and labor plus attributable overhead based on a 
• 
normal level of activity.

The Company applies net realizable value and obsolescence to the gross value of inventory. The Company estimates net realizable 
value based on estimated selling price less further costs to completion and disposal. The Company impairs slow-moving products 
by comparing inventories on hand to projected demand. If on-hand supply of a product exceeds projected demand or if the Company 
believes the product is no longer marketable, the product is considered obsolete inventory. The Company revalues obsolete inventory 
to its net realizable value. The Company has consistently applied this methodology. The Company believes that this approach is 
prudent and makes suitable impairments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. When impairments are established, a new cost 
basis of the inventory is created. Unexpected change in market demand, building codes or buyer preferences could reduce the rate 
of inventory turnover and require the Company to recognize more obsolete inventory.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when the earnings process is complete, net of applicable provision for discounts, returns and 
incentives, whether actual or estimated, based on the Company’s experience. This generally occurs when products are shipped to 
the customer in accordance with the sales agreement or purchase order, ownership and risk of loss pass to the customer, collectability 
is reasonably assured and pricing is fixed or determinable. The Company’s general shipping terms are F.O.B. shipping point, where 
title is transferred and revenue is recognized when the products are shipped to customers. When the Company sells F.O.B. destination 
point, title is transferred and the Company recognizes revenue on delivery or customer acceptance, depending on terms of the sales 
agreement. Service  sales,  representing  after-market  repair  and  maintenance, engineering  activities, software  license  sales  and 
service and lease income, though significantly less than 1% of net sales and not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements, 
are recognized as the services are completed or the software products and services are delivered. If actual costs of sales returns, 
incentives and discounts were to significantly exceed the recorded estimated allowance, the Company’s sales would be adversely 
affected.

Business Combinations

The Company recognizes separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair 
values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred and the net of the acquisition 
date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions as 
a part of the purchase price allocation process to value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, the Company’s 
estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one 
year  from  the  acquisition  date,  the  Company  records  adjustments  to  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed,  with  the 
corresponding offset to goodwill. On the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets 
acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, the Company records subsequent adjustments, if any, to its consolidated 
statements of operations. None of the subsequent adjustments for the fiscal years ended 2014, 2015 and 2016 were material. 

Accounting  for  business  combinations  requires  the  Company’s  management  to  make  significant  estimates  and  assumptions, 
especially  at  the  acquisition  date  with  respect  to  intangible  assets. Although  the  Company  believes  that  the  assumptions  and 
estimates it has made in the past have been reasonable and appropriate, they are based in part on historical experience and information 
obtained from the management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Examples of critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets that the Company has acquired include:

Future expected cash flows from customer relationships and acquired unpatented technologies and patents;

• 
•  The acquired company’s brand and competitive position and assumptions about the period of time the acquired brand 

will continue to be used in the combined company’s product portfolio; and

•  Discount rates.

Unanticipated events and circumstances may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.

For a given acquisition, the Company may identify pre-acquisition contingencies as of the acquisition date and may extend its 
review and evaluation of these pre-acquisition contingencies throughout the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition 
date) to obtain sufficient information to assess whether the Company includes these contingencies as a part of the purchase price 
allocation and, if so, to determine their estimated amounts.

If the Company determines that a pre-acquisition contingency (that is not income-tax related) is probable and estimable as of the 
acquisition date, the Company records its best estimate for such a contingency as a part of the preliminary purchase price allocation. 
The Company often continues to gather information and evaluate its pre-acquisition contingencies throughout the measurement 
period. If the Company changes the amounts recorded or identifies additional pre-acquisition contingencies during the measurement 
period,  such  amounts  are  included  in  the  purchase  price  allocation  during  the  measurement  period  and,  subsequently,  in  the 
Company’s results of operations.

In addition, the Company estimates uncertain tax positions and income tax related valuation allowances assumed in connection 
with a business combination initially as of the acquisition date. The Company reevaluates these items quarterly with any adjustments 
to its preliminary estimates being recorded to goodwill if the Company is within the measurement period. The Company continues 
to collect information to determine estimated values. Subsequent to the measurement period or the Company’s final determination 
of the uncertain tax positions estimated value or tax-related valuation allowances, whichever comes first, changes to these uncertain 
tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances will affect the Company’s provision for income taxes in its consolidated statement 
of operations and could have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

Goodwill Impairment Testing

The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis (in the fourth quarter for the Company). 
The Company also reviews goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of 
an asset may not be recoverable. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal 
factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or disposition or relocation of a significant portion of a reporting unit.

The reporting unit level is generally one level below the operating segment, which is at the country level, except for the United 
States, Australia and S&P Clever reporting units.

The Company determined that the United States reporting unit includes four components: Northwest United States, Southwest 
United States, Northeast United States and Southeast United States (collectively, the “U.S. Components”). The Company aggregates 
the U.S. Components into a single reporting unit because management concluded that they are economically similar and that the 
goodwill is recoverable from the U.S. Components working in concert. The U.S. Components are economically similar because 
of a number of factors, including selling similar products to shared customers and sharing assets and services such as intellectual 
property, manufacturing assets for certain products, research and development projects, manufacturing processes, management of 
inventory excesses and shortages and administrative services. These activities are managed centrally at the U.S. Components level 
and costs are allocated among the four U.S. Components.

The Company determined that the Australia reporting unit includes four components: Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and 
United Arab Emirates (collectively, the “AU Components”). The Company aggregates the AU Components into a single reporting 
unit  because  management  concluded  that  they  are  economically  similar  and  that  the  goodwill  is  recoverable  from  the AU 
Components working in concert. The AU Components are economically similar because of a number of factors, including that 
New Zealand, South Africa and United Arab Emirates operate as extensions of their Australian parent company selling similar 
products and sharing assets and services such as intellectual property, manufacturing assets for certain products, management of 
inventory excesses and shortages and administrative services. These activities are managed centrally at the AU Components level 
and costs are allocated among the AU Components.

The Company determined that the S&P Clever reporting unit includes eight components: S&P Switzerland, S&P Poland, S&P 
Austria, S&P The Netherlands, S&P Portugal, S&P Germany, S&P France and S&P Nordic (collectively, the "S&P Components”). 
56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company  aggregates  the  S&P  Components  into  a  single  reporting  unit  because  management  concluded  that  they  are 
economically similar and that the goodwill is recoverable from the S&P Components working in concert. The S&P Components 
are  economically  similar  because  of  a  number  of  factors,  including  sharing  assets  and  services  such  as  intellectual  property, 
manufacturing assets for certain products, research and development projects, manufacturing processes, management of inventory 
excesses and shortages and administrative services. These activities are managed centrally at the S&P Components level and costs 
are allocated among the S&P Components.

For certain reporting units, the Company may first assess qualitative factors related to the goodwill of the reporting unit to determine 
whether it is necessary to perform a two-step impairment test. If the Company judges that it is more likely than not that the fair 
value of the reporting unit is greater than the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill, no further testing is required. 
If the Company judges that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount of the 
reporting  unit,  including  goodwill,  management  will  perform  a  two-step  impairment  test  on  goodwill.  In  the  first  step  of  the 
Company's annual goodwill impairment test ("Step 1"), the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying 
value. The fair value calculation uses both the income approach (discounted cash flow method) and the market approach, equally 
weighted. If the Company judges that the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds 
the fair value of the reporting unit, a second step of the impairment test must be performed to determine the implied fair value of 
the reporting unit’s goodwill. If the Company judges that the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair 
value, the Company would record an impairment charge equal to the difference between the implied fair value of the goodwill 
and the carrying value.

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit or an indefinite-lived purchased intangible asset is a judgment involving significant 
estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates, operating margins and working capital 
requirements used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted discount rates, selected multiples, control premiums and 
future economic and market conditions (Level 3 fair value inputs). The Company bases its fair value estimates on assumptions 
that it believes to be reasonable, but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those 
estimates.

Assumptions about a reporting unit’s operating performance in the first year of the discounted cash flow model used to determine 
whether or not the goodwill related to that reporting unit is impaired are derived from the Company’s budget. The fair value model 
considers such factors as macro-economic conditions, revenue and expense forecasts, product line changes, material, labor and 
overhead costs, tax rates, working capital levels and competitive environment. Future estimates, however derived, are inherently 
uncertain but the Company believes that this is the most appropriate source on which to base its fair value calculations.

The Company uses these parameters only to provide a basis for the determination of whether or not the goodwill related to a 
reporting unit is impaired. No inference whatsoever should be drawn from these parameters about the Company’s future financial 
performance and they should not be taken as projections or guidance of any kind.

The 2016, 2015 and 2014 annual testing of goodwill for impairment did not result in impairment charges. The impairment charge 
taken in the third quarter of 2014 was associated with assets in the Germany reporting unit acquired from Bierbach GmbH & Co. 
KG ("Bierbach") in 2013. The factors that led to the third quarter impairment were a failure to retain Bierbach's historical customers 
and increased competition, which led to the reduction in the contingent consideration liability related to the Bierbach acquisition 
and resulted in management performing an impairment test to evaluate the recoverability of the Germany reporting unit's goodwill. 
The test resulted in the impairment of all of the reporting unit’s goodwill in the amount of $0.5 million. In connection with the 
impairment of the goodwill, the Company also reviewed associated long-lived assets in Germany, such as property and equipment 
and intangible assets, for recoverability by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with those assets to 
their carrying values. No impairment of long-lived assets was required as a result of that review during the third quarter of 2014.

Effect of New Accounting Standards

See "Note 1 — Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" and "Note 1 — Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted" 
to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

Liquidity and Sources of Capital

The  Company’s  primary  sources  of  liquidity  are  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  income  from  the  Company’s  operations. The 
Company  also  receives  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of  its  common  stock  through  the  exercise  of  stock  options  granted  to  its 
employees. The Company anticipates that it will receive less than $7.5 million from stock option exercises through February 2018 
as the last of the stock options that are outstanding, all of which are currently in-the-money, will either be exercised or expire by 

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
then. As of December 31, 2016, the Company's cash and cash equivalents consisted of deposits and money market funds held with 
established national financial institutions. 

The Company's principal uses of liquidity are paying the costs and expenses associated with the Company's operations, continuing 
its capital allocation strategy, which includes growing its business by internal improvements or acquisitions, repurchasing the 
Company’s  common  stock,  paying  cash  dividends,  and  meeting  other  liquidity  requirements.  Depending,  however,  on  the 
Company’s future growth and possible acquisitions, it may become necessary to secure additional sources of financing, which 
may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all. 

On July 25, 2016, the Company entered into a second amendment (the “Amendment”) to its $300.0 million credit facility. For 
additional information about the Amendment, see the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 28, 2016. As amended, 
this credit facility expires on July 23, 2021. See "Note 8 — Debt" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

As of December 31, 2016, cash and cash equivalents of $87.2 million are held by the Company in the local currencies of its foreign 
operations and could be subject to additional taxation if repatriated to the United States. The Company has no current plans to 
repatriate cash and cash equivalents held outside the United States, as it expects to use such amounts to fund future international 
growth and acquisitions.

The following table presents selected financial information as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

(in thousands)

At December 31,

2016

2015

2014

Cash and cash equivalents

Property, plant and equipment, net

Equity Investment, goodwill and intangible assets
Working capital(1)

$

226,537

$

258,825

$

260,307

232,810

149,843

476,451

213,716

151,625

494,308

207,027

156,468

509,838

(1)Due to the adoption of ASU 2015-17, (see "Note 1 — Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" to the Company's Consolidated Financial 
Statements), $16.2 million of current deferred income taxes included in current assets and working capital, as of January 1, 2016, were reclassified 
to non-current assets and long-term liabilities, resulting in decreases in current assets from $589.3 million to $573.1 million and in working 
capital from $494.3 million to $478.1 million. 

The following table provides cash flow indicators for the twelve months ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

(in thousands)

Net cash provided by (used in):
  Operating activities

  Investing activities

  Financing activities

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

$

94,947
(48,543)
(79,116)

$

114,207
(37,828)
(67,892)

67,221
(23,505)
(25,608)

Cash flows from operating activities result primarily from the Company's earnings or losses, and are also affected by changes in 
operating assets and liabilities which consist primarily of working capital balances. As a building materials manufacturer, the 
Company's operating cash flows are subject to seasonality and are cyclically associated with the volume and timing of construction 
project starts. For example, trade accounts receivable, net, is generally at its lowest at the end of the fourth quarter and increases 
during the first, second and third quarters. 

In 2016, operating activities provided $94.9 million in cash and cash equivalents, as a result of $89.7 million from net income and 
$42.1  million  from  non-cash  adjustments  to  net  income  which  includes  depreciation  and  amortization  expenses,  stock-based 
compensation expenses and software development project write-off, partly offset by a decrease of $36.9 million in the net change 
in operating assets and liabilities, including net change decreases in cash and cash equivalents due to increases of $36.6 million 
in inventory and $7.5 million in trade accounts receivable, net, partly offset by a decrease of $5.8 million in trade accounts payable. 
Cash used in investing activities of $48.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, consisted primarily of $42.0 million
for property, plant and equipment expenditures, related to real estate improvements, primarily related to improvements of the West 

58

 
Chicago facility, machinery and equipment purchases, and software in development, $5.4 million, net of acquired cash of $1.5 
million, for the acquisition of MS Decoupe, and $2.5 million for the equity investment in Ruby Sketch. See "Note 2 — Acquisitions" 
and "Note 6 — Investments" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Cash used in financing activities of $79.1 
million  during  the  year ended  December 31, 2016,  consisted  primarily of  $53.5  million  for  the  repurchase of  the  Company's 
common stock, including a $50.0 million accelerated share repurchase program (see "Note 1 — Stock Repurchase Program" to 
the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements) and $32.7 million used to pay cash dividends, partly offset by $8.0 million
received from the issuance of common stock on the exercise of stock options.

In 2015, operating activities provided $114.2 million in cash and cash equivalents, as a result of $67.9 million from net income 
and $44.2 million from non-cash adjustments to net income which includes depreciation and amortization expenses, stock-based 
compensation expenses, software development project write-offs, and changes in deferred income taxes, as well as an increase of 
$2.1 million in the net change in operating assets and liabilities, including net change increases in cash and cash equivalents due 
to decreases of $17.2 million in inventory and $6.3 million in current assets, partly offset by an increase of $16.8 million in trade 
accounts receivable, net and $5.1 million in accrued liabilities. Cash used in investing activities of $37.8 million during the year 
ended December 31, 2015, consisted primarily of $34.2 million for property, plant and equipment expenditures, related to the 
purchase  a  manufacturing  site  in  West  Chicago,  software  development  and  machinery  and  equipment,  and  $4.2  million  for 
acquisitions. Cash used in financing activities of $67.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, consisted primarily of 
$47.1 million for the repurchase of the Company's common stock, including a $25.0 million accelerated share repurchase program 
and $29.4 million used to pay cash dividends, partly offset by $9.7 million received from the issuance of common stock on the 
exercise of stock options.

In 2014, operating activities provided $67.2 million in cash and cash equivalents, as a result of $63.5 million from net income and 
$43.0  million  from  non-cash  adjustments  to  net  income  which  includes  depreciation  and  amortization  expenses,  stock-based 
compensation expenses and changes in deferred income taxes, partly offset by a decrease of $39.3 million in the net change in 
operating assets and liabilities, including net change decreases in cash and cash equivalents due to increases of $22.4 million in 
inventory, $11.3 million in current assets and $4.6 million in trade accounts receivable, net. Cash used in investing activities of 
$23.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, consisted primarily of $23.7 million for property, plant and equipment 
expenditures to expand or replace manufacturing capability and software development. Cash used in financing activities of $25.6 
million during the year ended December 31, 2014, consisted primarily of $25.9 million used to pay cash dividends and $3.0 million 
for the repurchase of the Company's common stock, partly offset by $4.6 million received from the issuance of common stock on 
the exercise of stock options.

Capital Allocation Strategy

The Company has a strong cash position and remains committed to seeking growth opportunities in the building products range 
where it can leverage its expertise in engineering, testing, manufacturing and distribution to invest in and grow its business. Those 
opportunities include internal improvements or acquisitions that fit within the Company’s strategic growth plan. Additionally, the 
Company has financial flexibility and is committed to providing returns to its stockholders with a current target of returning 50% 
of cash flows from operations through dividends and repurchases of the Company's common stock. Below are highlights of the 
Company’s capital allocation strategy since the beginning of 2015.

In December 2015, the Company acquired the assets of Blue Heron Enterprises, LLC, and Fox Chase Enterprises, LLC (collectively, 
"EBTY") for $3.4 million in cash. The Company's final measurement of EBTY assets acquired included goodwill and intangible 
assets of $3.1 million. In August 2016. the Company acquired all the shares of MS Decoupe, (a former customer of the Company) 
for a net cost of $5.4 million. The Company's measurement of MS Decoupe assets acquired included goodwill and intangible assets 
of $3.4 million. See "Note 2 — Acquisitions" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In December 2016, the Company 
acquired a 25.0% equity interest in Ruby Sketch Pty Ltd. (“Ruby Sketch”) for $2.5 million, for which the Company accounts for 
its ownership interest using the equity accounting method. The Company’s future relationship with Ruby Sketch could potentially 
include the specification of the Company’s products in the Ruby Sketch software and the Company licensing Ruby Sketch software 
for use in North America. See "Note 6 — Investments" to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. 

In  January  2017,  the  Company  acquired  Gbo  Fastening  Systems  for  approximately  $10.2  million  and  CG Visions  for  up  to 
approximately $21.5 million (including an earn-out of $2.15 million, which is subject to meeting sales targets, and subject to 
specified holdback provisions and post-closing adjustment). The Company is in the process of evaluating the information required 
to determine the purchase price allocation of both acquisitions. See "Note 15 — Subsequent Events" to the Company's Consolidated 
Financial Statements. 

Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company estimates that its full-year 2017 capital 
spending will be approximately $50 million to $55 million, which includes expenditures for completing both the expansion of our 

59

 
 
 
facility in Texas and equipment fit-out of our West Chicago chemical facility, as well as for the purchase of manufacturing equipment, 
information technology equipment and development and licensing of software. 

Based  on  current  information  and  subject  to  future  events  and  circumstances,  the  Company  estimates  that  its  full-year  2017 
depreciation  expense  will  be  approximately  $25  million  to  $27  million,  and  that  its  full-year  amortization  expense  will  be 
approximately $5 million to $6 million.

The following table presents the Company’s dividends paid and share repurchases for the year ended December 31, 2016 and  
December 31, 2015, respectively, in aggregated amounts: 

(in thousands)

Dividends Paid

Open Market Share
Repurchases

Accelerated Share
Repurchases

Total

January 1 - December 31, 2016

January 1 - December 31, 2015

Total

$

$

32,711

29,352

62,063

$

$

3,502

22,144

25,646

$

$

50,000

25,000

75,000

$

$

86,213

76,496

162,709

In April 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors raised the quarterly cash dividend by 12.5% to $0.18 per share. In January 2017, 
the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.18 per share, estimated to be $8.6 million in total, to 
be paid on April 27, 2017, to stockholders of record on April 6, 2017. 

In August 2016, the Company's Board of Directors increased and extended its $50.0 million repurchase authorization from February 
2016 by authorizing the Company to repurchase up to $125.0 million of the Company's common stock through December 31, 
2017, including from the public securities market and through one or more accelerated share repurchase programs. During 2016, 
the Company received 1,137,656 shares of its common stock at an average price of $43.95 per share under the Company’s $50.0 
million accelerated share repurchase program that the Company entered into with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association in 
August 2016.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our known material contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2016:

Contractual Obligation (in thousands)
Debt interest obligations (1)
Operating lease obligations (2)
Purchase obligations (3)
Total

Payments Due by Period

Total
all
periods

Less
than 1
year

1 — 3
years

3 — 5
years

$

2,050

$

450

$

1,350

$

250

$

21,257

5,857

7,874

34,365
$ 57,672

33,222
$ 39,529

1,047
$ 10,271

$

4,560

96
4,906

$

More
than 5
years

—

2,966

—
2,966

(1)Debt interest obligations include interest payments on fixed-term debt, line-of-credit borrowings and annual facility fees on the 
Company’s primary line-of-credit facility. Interest on line-of-credit facilities was estimated based on historical borrowings and 
repayment patterns. The Company’s primary line-of-credit facility requires the Company pay an annual facility fee from 0.15% 
to 0.30%, depending on the Company’s leverage ratio, on the unused portion of the facilities.

(2)Includes real estate and auto leases and other equipment. 

(3)Represents the Company's purchase obligations, which consist of commitments primarily related to the acquisition, construction 
or expansion of facilities and equipment, consulting and service agreements, pension fund contributions and minimum purchase 
quantities of certain raw materials. The Company currently is not a party to any long-term supply contracts with respect to the 
purchase of raw materials or finished goods. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2016.

60

 
 
 
 
 
Contingencies

From time to time, we are subject to various claims, lawsuits, legal proceedings (including litigation, arbitration or regulatory 
actions) and other matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Periodically, we evaluate the status of each matter and assess 
our potential financial exposure. 

The Company records a provision for a liability when we believe that (a) it is probable that a loss has been incurred, and (b) the 
amount is reasonably estimable. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount. The 
outcomes of claims, lawsuits, legal proceedings and other matters brought against the Company are subject to significant uncertainty, 
some of which are inherently unpredictable and/or beyond our control. Therefore, although management considers the likelihood 
of such an outcome to be remote, if one or more of these matters were resolved against the Company for amounts in excess of 
management’s expectations, they could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial position 
and liquidity and the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements could be materially adversely affected.

See “Item 3 — Legal Proceedings” and “Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies” to the Company’s Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

Inflation

The Company believes that the effect of inflation on the Company has not been material in the three most recent fiscal years ended 
December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, as general inflation rates have remained relatively low. The Company’s main 
raw material is steel. Increases in steel prices may adversely affect the Company’s gross profit margin if it cannot recover the 
higher costs through price increases of its products. See “Item 1 — Raw Materials” and “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”

Indemnification

In the normal course of business, to facilitate transactions of services and products, we have agreed to indemnify certain parties 
with respect to certain matters. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the 
amount of the claim. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, and the Company’s 
bylaws as permitted by the Company’s certificate of incorporation require the Company to indemnify corporate servants, including 
our officers and directors, to the fullest extent permitted by law. The Company maintains directors and officers liability insurance 
coverage to reduce its exposure to such obligations. The Company has not incurred significant obligations under indemnification 
provisions historically, and does not expect to incur significant obligations in the future. It is not possible to determine the maximum 
potential amount under  these indemnities due to  the limited  history  of  prior  indemnification claims and  the unique  facts and 
circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded any liability for costs related 
these indemnities through December 31, 2016.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We have operations both within the United States and internationally, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course 
of our business, including changes to foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. 

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

The Company has foreign currency exchange rate risk in its international operations, and through purchases from foreign vendors. 
Changes in the values of currencies of foreign countries affect our financial position, income statement and cash flows when 
translated into United States dollars. The Company does not currently hedge this risk. The Company estimates that if the exchange 
rate were to change by 10% in any one country where the Company has operations, the change in net income would not be material 
to the Company’s operations taken as a whole. 

The  translation  adjustment  on  the  Company's  underlying  assets  and  liabilities  resulted  in  a  decrease  in  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income of $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, primarily due to the effect of the strengthening of 
the United States dollar in relation to most foreign currencies, partly offset by the weakening of the United States dollar in relation 
to the Canadian dollar, New Zealand dollar and South Africa rand during 2016.

61

 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Risk

The Company has no variable interest-rate debt outstanding. The Company estimates that a hypothetical 100 basis point change 
in U.S. interest rates would not be material to the Company’s operations taken as a whole.

62

Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

SIMPSON MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated financial statements

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2016 and 2015
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Financial Statement Schedule

Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

64
67
68
69
70
71
72

100

63

 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. (a Delaware corporation) 
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, 
comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. Our 
audits of the basic consolidated financial statements included the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing 
under Item 15(a)2. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s 
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based 
on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial 
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their 
operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when 
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the 
information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 
Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(COSO), and our report dated February 28, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Grant Thornton LLP 
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2017 

64

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and 
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s 
management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal 
Controls over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal 
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of 
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and 
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered 
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures 
that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the 
company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, and our report dated 
February 28, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

/s/ Grant Thornton LLP 
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2017 

65

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.:

In our opinion, the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the 
year ended December 31, 2014 present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of Simpson 
Manufacturing Co., Inc. and its subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America.  In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for the year 
ended December 31, 2014 presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction 
with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the 
responsibility of the Company's management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and 
financial statement schedule based on our audit.  We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with the standards 
of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit 
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement 
presentation.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.  

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Francisco, California
March 2, 2015 

66

 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share data)

ASSETS

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Trade accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Deferred income taxes
Other current assets
Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net
Goodwill
Equity investment
Intangible assets
Other noncurrent assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities

Trade accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Accrued profit sharing trust contributions
Accrued cash profit sharing and commissions
Accrued workers’ compensation

Total current liabilities

Long-term liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders’ equity

Preferred stock, par value $0.01; authorized shares, 5,000; issued and outstanding shares,
none
Common stock, par value $0.01; authorized shares, 160,000; issued and outstanding shares,
47,437 and 48,184 at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively

Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

December 31,

2016

2015

$ 226,537
112,423
232,274
—
14,013
585,247
232,810
124,479
2,500
22,864
12,074
$ 979,974

$ 258,825
106,011
195,757
16,203
12,476
589,272
213,716
123,950
—
27,675
6,696
$ 961,309

27,674
60,477
6,549
10,527
3,569
108,796
5,336
114,132

21,309
54,761
5,799
8,502
4,593
94,964
16,521
111,485

—

—

473
255,917
642,422
(32,970)
865,842
$ 979,974

481
238,212
639,707
(28,576)
849,824
$ 961,309

The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share data)

Net sales
Cost of sales

Gross profit
Operating expenses:

Research and development and other engineering
Selling
General and administrative
Impairment of goodwill
Net gain on disposal of assets

Income from operations

Interest income
Interest expense

Income before taxes

Provision for income taxes

Net income
Earnings per common share:

Basic
Diluted

Weighted average number of shares outstanding

Basic
Diluted

Years Ended December 31,

$

$

2016
860,661
448,211
412,450

$

2015
794,059
435,140
358,919

2014
752,148
410,118
342,030

46,248
98,343
129,162
—
(780)
272,973

139,477

570
(1,147)
138,900

49,166

89,734

1.87
1.86

48,084
48,295

$

$
$

46,196
90,663
113,428
—
(389)
249,898

109,021

655
(997)
108,679

40,791

67,888

1.39
1.38

48,952
49,181

$

$
$

39,018
92,031
111,500
530
(325)
242,754

99,276

901
(855)
99,322

35,791

63,531

1.30
1.29

48,977
49,194

$

$
$

68

The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands)

Net income
Other comprehensive income:

Year End December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

89,734

$

67,888

$

63,531

Translation adjustment, net of tax expense of ($222), ($57) and ($63) 
for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively
Unamortized pension adjustments, net of tax benefit of $88, $82, and
$67 for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively

Comprehensive income

(3,920)

(20,939)

(24,896)

(474)
85,340

$

(457)
46,492

$

(370)
38,265

$

The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 
(In thousands, except per share data)

Common Stock

Shares

Par Value

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Treasury
Stock

Total

Balance, January 1, 2014

48,712

$

486

$

207,418

$615,289

$

18,086

$

— $841,279

Net income

Translation adjustment, net of tax

Pension adjustment, net of tax

Options exercised

Stock-based compensation expense

Tax benefit of options exercised

Repurchase of common stock

Retirement of common stock

Cash dividends declared on common
stock, $0.545 per share

Shares issued from release of
restricted stock units

Common stock issued at $35.87 per
share

Balance, December 31, 2014

Net income

Translation adjustment, net of tax

Pension adjustment, net of tax

Options exercised

Stock-based compensation expense

Tax benefit of options exercised

Repurchase of common stock

Retirement of common stock

Cash dividends declared on common
stock, $0.62 per share

Shares issued from release of
restricted stock units

Common stock issued at $34.32 per
share

Balance, December 31, 2015

Net income

Translation adjustment, net of tax

Pension adjustment, net of tax

Options exercised

Stock-based compensation expense

Tax benefit of options exercised

Repurchase of common stock

Retirement of common stock

Cash dividends declared on common
stock, $0.70 per share

Shares issued from release of
restricted stock units

Common stock issued at $32.45 per
share

—

—

—

161

—

—
(95)
—

—

177

11

48,966
—
—
—
331
—
—
(1,339)

—

210

16

48,184

—

—

—

270

—

—

(1,244)

—

—

217

10

—

—

—

2

—

—
—
(1)

—

2

—

489
—
—
—
3
—
—
—
(13)

—

2

—

481

—

—

—

3

—

—

—

(13)

—

2

—

—

—

—

4,580

12,354
(268)
—
—

63,531

—

—

—

—

—
—
(2,980)

— (26,666)

(3,504)

402

—

—

649,174
220,982
67,888
—
—
—
—
—
—
9,717
—
10,997
(318)
—
—
—
— (47,131)

— (30,224)

(3,718)

552

—

—

238,212

639,707

—

—

—

7,973

13,186

251

89,734

—

—

—

—

—

—
—
— (53,489)

— (33,530)

(4,020)

315

—

—

Balance, December 31, 2016

47,437

$

473

$

255,917

$642,422

$

—
(24,896)
(370)
—

—

—
—
—

—

—

—
63,531
— (24,896)
(370)
—
4,582

—

—

—
(2,981)
2,981

12,354
(268)
(2,981)
—

— (26,666)

—

(3,502)

—

402

—
(7,180)
— 863,465
—
67,888
—
— (20,939)
(20,939)
(457)
(457)
—
9,720
—
—
10,997
—
—
(318)
—
—
(47,144)
— (47,144)
—
47,144

—

—

—
(28,576)
—
(3,920)
(474)
—

—

— (30,224)

—

—

(3,716)

552

— 849,824

—

—

—

—

89,734
(3,920)
(474)
7,976

13,186

251
(53,502)
—

—
—
— (53,502)
53,502
—

—

—

—
(32,970) $

— (33,530)

—

—

(4,018)

315

— $865,842

 The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements

70

 
 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Years Ended December 31,
2015

2014

2016

$

89,734

$

67,888

$

63,531

Cash flows from operating activities

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Gain on sale of assets
Depreciation and amortization
Write-off of software development project
Impairment of goodwill
Gain on contingent consideration adjustment
Deferred income taxes
Noncash compensation related to stock plans
Excess tax benefit of options exercised
Provision for (recovery of) doubtful accounts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and dispositions:

Trade accounts receivable
Inventories
Other current assets
Other noncurrent assets
Trade accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Accrued profit sharing trust contributions
Accrued cash profit sharing and commissions
Other long-term liabilities
Accrued workers’ compensation
Income taxes payable

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Capital expenditures
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Invest in Equity Investments
Loan made to customer
Loan repayment by customer
Proceeds from sale of assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Repayment of line of credit and other borrowings
Contingent consideration of asset acquisitions
Debt issuance costs
Repurchase of common stock
Issuance of Company’s common stock
Excess tax benefit of options exercised
Dividends paid

Net cash used in financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information

Cash paid during the year for

Interest
Income taxes

Noncash activity during the year for

Capital expenditures
Stock-based compensation
Dividends declared but not paid
Contribution in excess of pension benefit cost

(780)
27,927
2,212
—
—
(869)
13,946
(273)
(83)

(7,548)
(36,617)
(2,180)
336
5,785
272
757
2,064
242
(1,024)
1,046
94,947

(42,002)
(5,361)
(2,500)
—
—
1,320
(48,543)

—
(27)
(1,125)
(53,502)
7,976
273
(32,711)
(79,116)
424
(32,288)
258,825
226,537

284
49,425

2,318
315
8,535
—

$

$

$

(389)
26,821
3,140
—
(245)
2,537
11,958
(78)
440

(16,818)
17,208
6,274
(1,301)
(1,035)
(5,148)
417
2,530
(2,930)
492
2,446
114,207

(34,186)
(4,179)
—
—
244
293
(37,828)

(17)
(1,177)
—
(47,144)
9,720
78
(29,352)
(67,892)
(9,969)
(1,482)
260,307
258,825

249
34,008

1,214
552
7,716
—

$

$

$

$

$

$

The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements

(325)
27,918
—
530
(545)
2,181
13,190
(79)
151

(4,568)
(22,428)
(3,683)
(600)
(11,266)
2,270
(382)
81
2,607
(490)
(872)
67,221

(23,715)
(220)
—
(281)
39
672
(23,505)

(77)
(1,293)
—
(2,981)
4,582
79
(25,918)
(25,608)
(9,009)
9,099
251,208
260,307

117
34,977

1,031
402
6,843

39  

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. 

   Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., through its subsidiary Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. and its other subsidiaries (collectively, 
the “Company”), designs, engineers and is a leading manufacturer of wood construction products, including connectors, truss 
plates, fastening systems, fasteners and shearwalls, and concrete construction products, including adhesives, specialty chemicals, 
mechanical anchors, powder actuated tools and fiber reinforcing materials. The Company markets its products to the residential 
construction, industrial, commercial and infrastructure construction, remodeling and do-it-yourself markets.

The Company operates exclusively in the building products industry. The Company’s products are sold primarily in the United 
States, Canada, Europe, the South Pacific and in Asia up until 2015 when the Company closed the sales offices there. Revenues 
have some geographic market concentration in the United States. A portion of the Company’s business is therefore dependent on 
economic activity within the North America segment. The Company is dependent on the availability of steel, its primary raw 
material.

Out-of-Period Adjustment

In  the  first  quarter  of  2014,  the  Company  recorded  an  out-of-period  adjustment,  which  increased  gross  profit,  income  from 
operations and net income in total by $2.3 million, $2.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively. The adjustment resulted from an 
over-statement of prior periods' workers compensation expense, net of cash profit sharing expense, and was not material to the 
current period's or any prior period's financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and its subsidiaries. Investments 
in 50% or less owned entities are accounted for using either cost or the equity method. The Company consolidates all variable 
interest entities ("VIEs") where it is the primary beneficiary. There were no VIEs as of December 31, 2016 or 2015. All significant 
intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America, as amended from time to time ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated 
Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ 
from those estimates. 

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when the earnings process is complete, net of applicable provision for discounts, returns and 
incentives, whether actual or estimated based on the Company’s experience. This generally occurs when products are shipped to 
the customer in accordance with the sales agreement or purchase order, ownership and risk of loss pass to the customer, collectability 
is reasonably assured and pricing is fixed or determinable. The Company’s general shipping terms are F.O.B. shipping point, where 
title is transferred and revenue is recognized when the products are shipped to customers. When the Company sells F.O.B. destination 
point, title is transferred and the Company recognizes revenue on delivery or customer acceptance, depending on terms of the 
sales agreement. Service sales, representing after-market repair and maintenance, engineering activities, software license sales 
and  service  and  lease  income,  though  significantly  less  than  1%  of  net  sales  and  not  material  to  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements, are recognized as the services are completed or the software products and services are delivered. If actual costs of 
sales returns, incentives and discounts were to significantly exceed the recorded estimated allowances, the Company’s sales would 
be adversely affected.

Sales Incentive and Advertising Allowances

The Company records estimated reductions to revenues for sales incentives, primarily rebates for volume discounts, and allowances 
for co-operative advertising.
72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowances for Sales Discounts

The Company records estimated reductions to revenues for discounts taken on early payment of invoices by its customers.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the time 
of purchase to be cash equivalents.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company assesses the collectability of specific customer accounts that would be considered doubtful based on the customer’s 
financial condition, payment history, credit rating and other factors that the Company considers relevant, or accounts that the 
Company assigns for collection. The Company reserves for the portion of those outstanding balances that the Company believes 
it is not likely to collect based on historical collection experience. The Company also reserves 100% of the amounts that it deems 
uncollectable due to a customer’s deteriorating financial condition or bankruptcy. If the financial condition of the Company’s 
customers were to deteriorate, resulting in probable inability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.

Inventory Valuation

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes all costs incurred in bringing each product to its 
present location and condition, as follows:

•  Raw materials and purchased finished goods for resale — principally valued at cost determined on a weighted average 

• 

basis; and
In-process products and finished goods — cost of direct materials and labor plus attributable overhead based on a 
normal level of activity.

The Company applies net realizable value and obsolescence to the gross value of the inventory. The Company estimates net 
realizable value based on estimated selling price less further costs to completion and disposal. The Company impairs slow-moving 
products by comparing inventories on hand to projected demand. If on-hand supply of a product exceeds projected demand or if 
the Company believes the product is no longer marketable, the product is considered obsolete inventory. The Company revalues 
obsolete inventory to its net realizable value. The Company has consistently applied this methodology. The Company believes 
that this approach is prudent and makes suitable impairments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. When impairments are 
established, a new cost basis of the inventory is created. Unexpected change in market demand, building codes or buyer preferences 
could reduce the rate of inventory turnover and require the Company to recognize more obsolete inventory.

Warranties and recalls

The Company provides product warranties for specific product lines and records estimated recall expenses in the period in which 
the recall occurs, none of which has been material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In a limited number of circumstances, 
the Company may also agree to indemnify customers against legal claims made against those customers by the end users of the 
Company’s products. Historically, payments made by the Company, if any, under such agreements have not had a material effect 
on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position

Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

The  “Fair  Value  Measurements  and  Disclosures”  topic  of  the  Financial Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”) Accounting 
Standards Codification™ (“ASC”) establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs used to measure fair value. This 
hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets 
for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that 
are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term 
of the financial instrument; Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets 
and liabilities at fair value. A financial asset’s or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest 
level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2016, the Company’s investments consisted of only money market funds, and as of December 31, 2015, its 
investments  consisted  of  only  United  States Treasury  securities  and  money  market  funds,  which  are  the  Company’s  primary 
financial instruments, maintained in cash equivalents and carried at cost, approximating fair value, based on Level 1 inputs. The 
balance of the Company’s primary financial instruments was as follows:

(in thousands)

At December 31,

2016

2015

United States Treasury securities and money market funds

$

2,832 $

76,047

The carrying amounts of trade accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the 
short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value of the Company’s contingent consideration related to acquisitions is classified 
as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy as it is based on unobserved inputs and assumptions. In 2014, the fair value of the 
contingent consideration related to the acquisition of Bierbach GmbH & Co. KG ("Bierbach"), a Germany company, was decreased 
from $0.8 million to $0.2 million as a result of not retaining Bierbach's historical customers and increased competition.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are 
expensed on a current basis. When assets are sold or retired, their costs and accumulated depreciation are removed from the 
accounts, and the resulting gains or losses are reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other” topic of the FASB ASC provides guidance on capitalization of the costs incurred for 
computer software developed or obtained for internal use. The Company capitalizes qualified external costs and internal costs 
related to the purchase and implementation of software projects used for business operations and engineering design activities. 
Capitalized software costs primarily include purchased software and external consulting fees. Capitalized software projects are 
amortized over the estimated useful lives of the software.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation of software, machinery and equipment is provided using accelerated methods over the following estimated useful 
lives: 

Software
Machinery and equipment

3 to 5 years
3 to 10 years

Buildings and site improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range 
from 15 to 45 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the expected life 
or the remaining term of the lease. Amortization of purchased intangible assets with finite useful lives is computed using the 
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

In-Process Research and Development Assets

In-process  research  and  development  (“IPR&D”)  assets  represent  capitalized  incomplete  research  projects  that  the  Company 
acquired through business combinations. Such assets are initially measured at their acquisition-date fair values and are required 
to be classified as indefinite-lived assets until the successful completion of the associated research and development efforts. During 
the development period after the date of acquisition, these assets will not be amortized until the research and development projects 
are completed and the resulting assets are ready for their intended use. The Company performs an impairment test annually and 
more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate it that is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. On successful 
completion of the research and development project the Company makes a determination about the then-remaining useful life and 
begins amortization. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had no IPR&D assets.

Cost of Sales

The types of costs included in cost of sales include material, labor, factory and tooling overhead, shipping, and freight costs. Major 
components of these expenses are material costs, such as steel, packaging and cartons, personnel costs, and facility costs, such as 
rent, depreciation and utilities, related to the production and distribution of the Company’s products. Inbound freight charges, 

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
purchasing and receiving costs, inspection costs, warehousing costs, internal transfer costs, and other costs of the Company’s 
distribution network are also included in cost of sales.

Tool and Die Costs

Tool and die costs are included in product costs in the year incurred.

Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs

The Company’s general shipping terms are F.O.B. shipping point. Shipping and handling fees and costs are included in revenues 
and product costs, as appropriate, in the year incurred.

Product and Software Research and Development Costs

Product research and development costs, which are included in operating expenses and are charged against income as incurred, 
were $9.9 million, $10.3 million and $11.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The types of costs included as product 
research and development expenses are typically related to salaries and benefits, professional fees and supplies. In 2016, 2015
and 2014, the Company incurred software development expenses related to its expansion into the plated truss market and some 
of the software development costs were capitalized. See "Note 5 — Property, Plant and Equipment." The Company amortizes 
acquired patents over their remaining lives and performs periodic reviews for impairment. The cost of internally developed patents 
is expensed as incurred.

Selling Costs

Selling costs include expenses associated with selling, merchandising and marketing the Company’s products. Major components 
of these expenses are personnel, sales commissions, facility costs such as rent, depreciation and utilities, professional services, 
information technology costs, sales promotion, advertising, literature and trade shows.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are included in selling expenses, are expensed when the advertising occurs, and were $7.1 million, $6.4 million
and $7.3 million in 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

General and Administrative Costs

General and administrative costs include personnel, information technology related costs, facility costs such as rent, depreciation 
and utilities, professional services, amortization of intangibles and bad debt charges.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are calculated using an asset and liability approach. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and foreign 
taxes currently payable and deferred taxes, due to temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets 
and liabilities. In addition, future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not.

Sales Taxes

The Company presents taxes collected and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis in the accompanying Consolidated 
Statements of Operations.

Foreign Currency Translation

The local currency is the functional currency of most of the Company’s operations in Europe, Canada, Asia, Australia, New Zealand 
and South Africa. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate on the balance 
sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates prevailing during the year. The translation adjustment 
resulting from this process is shown separately as a component of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains or 
losses are included in general and administrative expenses.

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales Office Closing

The Company substantially completed the liquidation of its Asia sales offices as of December 31, 2015, and does not expect to 
recognize significant additional costs in future periods related to this event. Accordingly, the Company reclassified $0.2 million
of its accumulated other comprehensive income, related to foreign exchange losses from its Asia sales offices, to its consolidated 
statement of operations. This amount is classified as a loss on disposal of assets and was recorded in the Asia/Pacific segment.

The following table provides a rollforward of the liability balance for such expenses, as well as other non-employee costs associated 
with the Asia sales office closing, as of December 31, 2016:

(in thousands)

 Balance at January 1, 2016

Charges

Cash payments

Balance at December 31, 2016

Operating
Leases
Obligation

Employee
Severance
Obligation

 Other
Associated
Costs

$

$

— $

301

$

352

$

406
(406)

441
(742)

— $

— $

98
(413)
37

$

 Total

653

945
(1,561)
37

For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company had recorded employee severance obligation expenses of $0.4 million and 
made corresponding payments totaling $0.7 million. In addition, during 2016, the Company incurred operating leases charges of 
$0.4 million and made corresponding payments for the closed sales offices. 

Common Stock

Subject to the rights of holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future, holders of common stock are entitled to 
receive such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Company’s Board of Directors out of legally available 
funds,  and  in  the  event  of  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding-up  of  the  Company,  to  share  ratably  in  all  assets  available  for 
distribution. The holders of common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights. Subject to the rights of any preferred stock 
that may be issued in the future, the holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on any matter submitted to a vote 
of the stockholders, except that, subject to compliance with pre-meeting notice and other conditions pursuant to the Company’s 
Bylaws, stockholders currently may cumulate their votes in an election of directors, and each stockholder may give one candidate 
a number of votes equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by the number of shares held by such stockholder or 
may distribute such stockholder’s votes on the same principle among as many candidates as such stockholder thinks fit. A director 
in an uncontested election is elected if the votes cast “for” such director’s election exceed the votes cast “against” such director’s 
election, except that, if a stockholder properly nominates a candidate for election to the Board of Directors, the candidates with 
the highest number of affirmative votes (up to the number of directors to be elected) are elected. There are no redemption or sinking 
fund provisions applicable to the common stock.

In 1999, the Company declared a dividend distribution of one right per share of our common stock to purchase Series A Participating 
preferred stock (each, a "Right," or collectively, the "Rights"). Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement dated as 
of June 15, 2009 (the "Rights Agreement"), by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A,, a federally 
chartered trust company, as rights agent, the Rights would be exercisable, unless redeemed earlier by the Company, if a person or 
group acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, 15% or more of the outstanding shares of common stock or commenced a tender 
or exchange offer that would result in it acquiring 15% or more of the outstanding shares of common stock, either event occurring 
without the prior consent of the Company. The amount of Series A Participating preferred stock that the holder of a Right was 
entitled to receive and the purchase price payable on exercise of a Right were both subject to adjustment. Any person or group 
that would acquire 15% or more of the outstanding shares of common stock without the prior consent of the Company would not 
be entitled to this purchase. Any stockholder who held 25% or more of the Company’s common stock when the Rights were 
originally distributed would not be treated as having acquired 15% or more of the outstanding shares unless such stockholder’s 
ownership would be increased to more than 40% of the outstanding shares.

Under the Rights Agreement, the Rights were scheduled to expire June 14, 2019 and might be redeemed by the Company at 
one cent per Right prior to their scheduled expiration. The Rights did not have voting or dividend rights and, until they become 
exercisable, had no dilutive effect on the earnings of the Company. One million shares of the Company’s preferred stock have 
been designated Series A Participating preferred stock and reserved for issuance on exercise of the Rights. 

No event has made the Rights exercisable. On October 25, 2016, the Company's Board of Directors voted to terminate the Rights 
Agreement. On November 9, 2016, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Rights Agreement First Amendment”) to the 

76

 
 
 
Rights Agreement. The Rights Agreement First Amendment amended the definition of “Final Expiration Date” under the Rights 
Agreement to mean “November 9, 2016.” Accordingly, the Rights Agreement First Amendment accelerated the final expiration 
of the Rights from June 14, 2019, to November 9, 2016.

Preferred Stock

The Board has the authority to issue the authorized and unissued preferred stock in one or more series with such designations, 
rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board. Accordingly, the Board is empowered, without 
stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, redemption, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights that could 
adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the Company’s common stock.

Stock Repurchase Program

The Company announced a stock repurchase program in 2015. 

In 2015, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $50.0 million of the Company's common 
stock through December 31, 2015. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, the Company purchased a total of 1,338,894
shares of its common stock, which included the 689,184 shares pursuant to the September 2015 $25 million accelerated share 
repurchase program ("2015 ASR Agreement") that the Company entered into with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association ("Wells 
Fargo"). As of December 31, 2015, the terms of the 2015 ASR Agreement were completed. The Company paid Wells Fargo $25 
million and Wells Fargo delivered to the Company 689,184 shares of the Company’s common stock, which had an average share 
price of $36.27 per share. At an average price of $35.21, the Company spent approximately $47.1 million on the 1,338,894 shares 
repurchased during the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. All shares repurchased during 2015 were retired. 

At its meeting in August 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $125.0 million of 
the Company’s common stock. This authorization increased and extended the $50.0 million repurchase authorization from February 
2016 and will remain in effect through December 31, 2017. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, the Company purchased 
a total of 1,244,003 shares of its common stock, which included the 1,137,656 shares pursuant to the August 2016 $50 million 
accelerated share repurchase program ("2016 ASR Agreement") that the Company entered into with Wells Fargo. As of December 
31, 2016, the terms of the 2016 ASR Agreement were completed. The Company paid Wells Fargo $50 million and Wells Fargo 
delivered to the Company 1,137,656 shares of the Company’s common stock, which had an average share price of $43.95 per 
share. At an average price of $43.01, the Company spent approximately $53.5 million on the 1,244,003 shares repurchased during 
the twelve months ended December 31, 2016. All shares repurchased during 2016 were retired. 

See the "Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity."

Net Income per Common Share 

Basic net income per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Potentially 
dilutive shares, using the treasury stock method, are included in the diluted per-share calculations for all periods when the effect 
of their inclusion is dilutive.

77

 
 
 
 
The following shows a reconciliation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”) to diluted EPS:

 (in thousands, except per-share amounts)
Net income available to common stockholders

Basic weighted average shares outstanding
Dilutive effect of potential common stock equivalents
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
Net earnings per share:

Basic
Diluted

Fiscal Year Ended December 31,

2016
89,734

$

2015

$

67,888

2014
$ 63,531

48,084
211
48,295

48,952
229
49,181

48,977
217
49,194

$
$

1.87
1.86

$
$

1.39
1.38

$
$

1.30
1.29

Potentially dilutive securities excluded from earnings per diluted share because their
effect is anti-dilutive

—

—

—

Anti-dilutive shares attributable to outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share.

The potential tax benefits derived from the amount of the average stock price for the period in excess of the grant date fair value 
of stock options, known as the windfall tax benefit, is added to the proceeds of stock option exercises under the treasury stock 
method for computing the amount of dilutive securities used to determine the outstanding shares for the calculation of diluted 
earnings per share.

Comprehensive Income or Loss

Comprehensive income is defined as net income plus other comprehensive income or loss. Other comprehensive income or loss 
consists of changes in cumulative translation adjustments and changes in unamortized pension adjustments recorded directly in 
accumulated other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity. The following shows the components of accumulated other 
comprehensive income or loss as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively:

(in thousands)

Balance, January 1, 2014
Other comprehensive income before reclassification net of tax benefit (expense) of
($63) and $67, respectively
Balance, December 31, 2014
Other comprehensive loss net of tax benefit (expense) of ($57) and $82, respectively

Amounts reclassified from accumulative other comprehensive income, net of $0 tax
Balance, December 31, 2015
Other comprehensive loss net of tax benefit (expense) of ($222) and $87, respectively
Amounts reclassified from accumulative other comprehensive income, net of $0 tax

Foreign
Currency
Translation

Pension
Benefit

Total

$

18,283

$

(197) $

18,086

(24,896)
(6,613)
(20,708)
(231)
(27,552)
(3,920)
—

(370)
(567)
(457)
—
(1,024)
(474)
—

(25,266)
(7,180)
(21,165)
(231)
(28,576)
(4,394)
—
(32,970)

Balance, December 31, 2016

$

(31,472) $ (1,498) $

The 2015 translation adjustment of $0.2 million in cumulative currency translation adjustments was related to the liquidation of 
the Asia sales offices. This amount is classified as a net loss on disposal of assets in the accompanying Consolidated Statements 
of Operations.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash in banks, short-term 
investments in money market funds and trade accounts receivable. The Company maintains its cash in demand deposit and money 
market accounts held primarily at fifteen banks.

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

The Company currently maintains an equity incentive plan, the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 
Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”), which was adopted on April 26, 2011 and amended and restated on April 21, 2015. The 2011 
Plan amended and restated in their entirety, and incorporated and superseded, both the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 1994 
Stock  Option  Plan  (the  “1994  Plan”),  which  was  principally  for  the  Company’s  employees,  and  the  Simpson  Manufacturing 
Co., Inc.  1995  Independent  Director  Stock  Option  Plan  (the  “1995  Plan”),  which  was  for  its  independent  directors. Awards 
previously granted under the 1994 Plan or the 1995 Plan will not be affected by the adoption of the 2011 Plan and will continue 
to be governed by the 1994 Plan or the 1995 Plan, respectively.

Under the 1994 Plan and the 1995 Plan, the Company could grant incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, although 
the Company granted only non-qualified stock options thereunder. The Company generally granted options under each of the 1994 
Plan and the 1995 Plan once each year. Options vest and expire according to terms established at the grant date. Stock options 
granted under the 1994 Plan typically vested evenly over the requisite service period of four years and have a term of seven years. 
Options granted under the 1995 Plan were fully vested on the date of grant. Shares of common stock issued on exercise of stock 
options under the 1994 Plan and the 1995 Plan are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act").

Under the 2011 Plan, the Company may grant incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock and restricted 
stock units, although the Company currently intends to award primarily performance-based and/or time-based restricted stock 
units ("RSUs") and to a lesser extent, if at all, non-qualified stock options. The Company does not currently intend to award 
incentive stock options or restricted stock. Under the 2011 Plan, no more than 16.3 million shares of the Company’s common 
stock in aggregate (including shares already issued pursuant to prior awards) may be issued under the 2011 Plan, including shares 
reserved for issuance on exercise of options previously granted under the 1994 Plan and the 1995 Plan. Shares of common stock 
to be issued pursuant to the 2011 Plan are registered under the Securities Act.

Subject to certain adjustment, the following limits shall apply with respect to any awards under the Plan that are intended to qualify 
for the performance-based exception from the tax deductibility limitations of section 162(m) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code 
of 1986, as amended from time to time: (i) the maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may 
be subject to stock options granted in any calendar year to any one participant shall be 150,000 shares; and (ii) the maximum 
aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock issuable or deliverable under RSUs granted in any calendar year to 
any one participant shall be 100,000 shares.

The following table shows the Company’s stock-based compensation activity:

(in thousands) 
Stock-based compensation expense recognized in operating expenses

Fiscal Years Ended December 31,

2016
$ 13,113

2015
$ 11,212

2014
$ 12,299

Tax benefit of stock-based compensation expense in provision for income taxes

4,757

3,987

4,384

Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax

Fair value of shares vested

Proceeds to the Company from the exercise of stock-based compensation

Tax benefit from exercise of stock-based compensation, including shortfall tax benefits

$

8,356

$

7,225

$

7,915

$ 13,186

$ 10,997

$ 12,354

$

$

7,976

$

9,720

$

4,582

(251) $

(318) $

(268)

The stock-based compensation expense included in cost of sales, research and development and engineering expense, selling 
expense, or general and administrative expense depends on the job functions performed by the employees to whom the stock 
options were granted, or the restricted stock units were awarded. 

The following table shows the expense related to the Company's stock-based compensation capitalized in inventory.

(in thousands)

At The Fiscal Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

Stock-based compensation cost capitalized in inventory

$

434

$

368

$

559

79

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of options or restricted stock units are evaluated and revised, as necessary, to 
reflect market conditions and the Company’s experience. See "Note 13 — Stock-Based Compensation."

Goodwill Impairment Testing

The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis (in the fourth quarter for the Company). 
The Company also reviews goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of 
an asset may not be recoverable. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal 
factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or disposition or relocation of a significant portion of a reporting unit.

The reporting unit level is generally one level below the operating segment and is at the country level except for the United States, 
Denmark, Australia, and S&P Clever reporting units.

The Company has determined that the United States reporting unit includes four components: Northwest United States, Southwest 
United States, Northeast United States and Southeast United States (collectively, the “U.S. Components”). The Company aggregates 
the U.S. Components into a single reporting unit because management concluded that they are economically similar and that the 
goodwill is recoverable from the U.S. Components working in concert. The U.S. Components are economically similar because 
of a number of factors, including, selling similar products to shared customers and sharing assets and services such as intellectual 
property, manufacturing assets for certain products, research and development projects, manufacturing processes, management 
of inventory excesses and shortages and administrative services. These activities are managed centrally at the U.S. Components 
level and costs are allocated among the four U.S. Components.

The Company determined that the Australia reporting unit includes four components: Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and 
United Arab Emirates (collectively, the “AU Components”). The Company aggregates the AU Components into a single reporting 
unit  because  management  concluded  that  they  are  economically  similar  and  that  the  goodwill  is  recoverable  from  the AU 
Components working in concert. The AU Components are economically similar because of a number of factors, including that 
New Zealand, South Africa and United Arab Emirates operate as extensions of their Australian parent company selling similar 
products and sharing assets and services such as intellectual property, manufacturing assets for certain products, management of 
inventory excesses and shortages and administrative services. These activities are managed centrally at the AU Components level 
and costs are allocated among the AU Components.

The Company has determined that the S&P Clever reporting unit includes eight components: S&P Switzerland, S&P Poland, S&P 
Austria, S&P The Netherlands, S&P Portugal, S&P Germany, S&P France and S&P Nordic (collectively, the "S&P Components”). 
The  Company  aggregates  the  S&P  Components  into  a  single  reporting  unit  because  management  concluded  that  they  are 
economically similar and that the goodwill is recoverable from the S&P Components working in concert. The S&P Components 
are  economically  similar  because  of  a  number  of  factors,  including  sharing  assets  and  services  such  as  intellectual  property, 
manufacturing assets for certain products, research and development projects, manufacturing processes, management of inventory 
excesses and shortages and administrative services. These activities are managed centrally at the S&P Components level and costs 
are allocated among the S&P Components.

For certain reporting units, the Company may first assess qualitative factors related to the goodwill of the reporting unit to determine 
whether it is necessary to perform a two-step impairment test. If the Company judges that it is more likely than not that the fair 
value of the reporting unit is greater than the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill, no further testing is required. 
If the Company judges that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount of 
the reporting unit, including goodwill, management will perform a two-step impairment test on goodwill. In the first step ("Step 
1"), the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. The fair value calculation uses the income 
approach (discounted cash flow method) and the market approach, equally weighted. If the Company judges that the carrying 
value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, a second step 
of the impairment test must be performed to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill. If the Company 
judges that the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, the Company would record an impairment 
charge equal to the difference between the implied fair value of the goodwill and the carrying value.

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit or an indefinite-lived purchased intangible asset is a judgment involving significant 
estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates, operating margins and working capital 
requirements used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted discount rates, selected multiples, control premiums and 
future economic and market conditions (Level 3 fair value inputs). The Company bases its fair value estimates on assumptions 
that it believes to be reasonable, but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those 
estimates.
80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assumptions about a reporting unit’s operating performance in the first year of the discounted cash flow model used to determine 
whether or not the goodwill related to that reporting unit is impaired are derived from the Company’s budget. The fair value model 
considers such factors as macro-economic conditions, revenue and expense forecasts, product line changes, material, labor and 
overhead costs, tax rates, working capital levels and competitive environment. Future estimates, however derived, are inherently 
uncertain but the Company believes that this is the most appropriate source on which to base its fair value calculation.

The Company uses these parameters only to provide a basis for the determination of whether or not the goodwill related to a 
reporting unit is impaired. No inference whatsoever should be drawn from these parameters about the Company’s future financial 
performance and they should not be taken as projections or guidance of any kind.

The 2016, 2015 and 2014 annual testing of goodwill for impairment did not result in impairment charges. The impairment charge 
taken in the third quarter of 2014 was associated with assets in the Germany reporting unit acquired from Bierbach in 2013. The 
factors that led to the third quarter impairment were a failure to retain Bierbach's historical customers and increased competition, 
which led to the reduction in the contingent consideration liability related to the Bierbach acquisition and resulted in management 
performing an impairment test to evaluate the recoverability of the Germany reporting unit's goodwill. The test resulted in the 
impairment of all of the reporting unit’s goodwill in the amount of $0.5 million. In connection with the impairment of the goodwill, 
the Company also reviewed associated long-lived assets in Germany, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, for 
recoverability by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with those assets to their carrying values. No 
impairment of long-lived assets was required as a result of that review during the third quarter of 2014.

The  annual  changes  in  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill,  by  segment,  as  of  December 31,  2015  and  2016,  were  as  follows, 
respectively:

(in thousands)
Balance as of January 1, 2015:
Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Goodwill acquired
Foreign exchange
Balance as of December 31, 2015:
Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Goodwill acquired
Foreign exchange
Reclassifications(1)
Balance as of December 31, 2016:
Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

North
America

Europe

Asia
Pacific

Total

$

$

95,192
(10,666)
84,526
1,860
(552)

96,500
(10,666)
85,834
—
93
(439)

$

51,202
(13,414)
37,788
210
(1,278)

50,135
(13,415)
36,720
1,848
(952)
—

$

1,567
—
1,567
—
(171)

1,396
—
1,396
—
(21)
—

147,961
(24,080)
123,881
2,070
(2,001)

0

148,031
(24,081)
123,950
1,848
(880)
(439)

0

96,154
(10,666)
85,488

51,031
(13,415)
37,616

1,375
—
1,375

148,560
(24,081)
124,479

$
 (1) Reclassifications in 2016 of $0.2 million in patents, $0.1 million in non-compete agreements, $46 thousand in customer 
relationships and other assets, with a corresponding $0.4 million decrease in goodwill related to the EBTY acquisition.

$

$

$

Amortizable Intangible Assets

The  total  gross  carrying  amount  and  accumulated  amortization  of  intangible  assets,  most  of  which  are  or  will  be,  subject  to 
amortization at December 31, 2016, were $51.4 million and $28.6 million, respectively. The aggregate amount of amortization 
expense of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $6.0 million, $6.1 million and $7.2 
million, respectively.

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
The  annual  changes  in  the  carrying  amounts  of  patents,  unpatented  technologies,  customer  relationships  and  non-compete 
agreements and other intangible assets subject to amortization as of December 31, 2015, and 2016 were as follows, respectively:

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Net
Carrying
Amount

$

$

Accumulated
Amortization

(in thousands)
Patents
Balance at January 1, 2015
Acquisition
Amortization
Foreign exchange
Removal of fully amortized assets
Balance, at December 31, 2015
Amortization
Reclassifications (1)
Foreign exchange
Balance at December 31, 2016
 (1) Reclassifications in 2016 of $0.2 million in patents, $0.1 million in non-compete agreements, $46 thousand in customer 
relationships and other assets, with a corresponding $0.4 million decrease in goodwill related to the EBTY acquisition.

(102)
—
1,300
(379)
(149)
—
—
(528) $

1,758
1,062
—
(7)
(1,300)
1,513
—
212
(7)
1,718

(1,577) $
— $

$

$

181
1,062
(102)
(7)
—
1,134
(149)
212
(7)
1,190

$

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Carrying
Amount

(in thousands)
Unpatented Technology
Balance at January 1, 2015
Amortization
Foreign exchange
Removal of fully amortized assets
Balance, at December 31, 2015
Amortization
Reclassifications (2)
Foreign exchange
Removal of fully amortized assets
Balance at December 31, 2016

15,132
(2,061)
(123)
—
12,948
(2,058)
1,512
(243)
—
12,159
 Reclassifications in 2016 of $1.5 million in unpatented technology for completed IPR&D, with a corresponding reduction in 

(7,665) $
(2,061)
—
1,070
(8,656)
(2,058)
—
—
1,711
(9,003) $

22,797
—
(123)
(1,070)
21,604
—
1,512
(243) $

(1,711)
21,162

$

$

$

 (2)
indefinite-lived IPR&D intangibles.

(in thousands)

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Net
Carrying
Amount

$

Accumulated
Amortization

Non-Compete Agreements,
Trademarks and Other
Balance at January 1, 2015
Acquisition
Amortization
Foreign exchange
Removal of fully amortized assets
Balance, at December 31, 2015
Acquisition
Amortization
Reclassifications (1)
Foreign exchange
Removal of fully amortized asset
Balance at December 31, 2016
  (1) Reclassifications in 2016 of $0.2 million in patents, $0.1 million in non-compete agreements, $46 thousand in customer 
relationships and other assets, with a corresponding $0.4 million decrease in goodwill related to the EBTY acquisition.
82

(5,374)
—
(2,039)
—
210
(7,203)
—
(2,040)
—
—
5,143
(4,100) $

10,839
25
—
(76)
(210)
10,578
1,212
—
119
(39)
(5,143)
6,727

5,465
25
(2,039)
(76)
—
3,375
1,212
(2,040)
119
(39)
—
2,627

$

$

 
        
Net
Carrying
Amount

Gross
Carrying
Amount

$

Accumulated
Amortization

(in thousands)
Customer Relationships
Balance at January 1, 2015
Acquisition
Amortization
Foreign exchange
Removal of fully amortized assets
Balance, at December 31, 2015
Amortization
Reclassifications (1) 
Foreign exchange
Balance at December 31, 2016
   (1) Reclassifications in 2016 of $0.2 million to patents, $0.1 million in non-compete agreements, $46 thousand in customer 
relationships and other assets, with a corresponding $0.4 million decrease in goodwill related to the EBTY acquisition.

(11,671)
—
(1,881)
—
400
(13,152)
(1,793)
—
—
(14,945) $

21,346
474
—
(178)
(400)
21,242
—
46
(71)
21,217

9,675
474
(1,881)
(178)
—
8,090
(1,793)
46
(71)
6,272

$

$

At December 31, 2016, estimated future amortization of intangible assets was as follows:

(in thousands) 

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter

$

$

4,728
3,526
3,447
3,416
2,937
4,194
22,248

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

The annual changes in the carrying amounts of indefinite-lived trade name and IPR&D assets not subject to amortization as of 
December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively, were as follows: 

Trade Name

IPR&D

Net
Carrying

Amount

(in thousands)
Indefinite-Lived Intangibles
Balance, at January 1, 2015
Reclassifications
Foreign exchange
Balance, at December 31, 2015
Reclassifications (2)
Foreign exchange
Balance at December 31, 2016

2,134
—
(6)
2,128
(1,512)
—
616
 Reclassifications in 2016 of $1.5 million to unpatented technology for completed IPR&D, with a corresponding reduction in 

1,518
—
(6)
1,512
(1,512)
—
— $

616
—
—
616
—
—
616

$

$

$

$

$

 (2)
indefinite-lived IPR&D intangibles.

83

 
 
        
Amortizable and indefinite-lived assets, net, by segment, as of December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively, were as follows: 

(in thousands)
Total Intangible Assets
North America
Europe
Total

(in thousands)
Total Intangible Assets
North America
Europe
Total

December 31, 2015

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Carrying
Amount

27,475
29,590
57,065

$

$

(14,941) $
(14,449)
(29,390) $

12,534
15,141
27,675

At December 31, 2016

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Carrying
Amount

23,562
27,880
51,442

$

$

(13,811) $
(14,767)
(28,578) $

9,751
13,113
22,864

$

$

$

$

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards 

In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15 (Topic 205-40), Disclosure of Uncertainties about 
an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate relevant 
conditions, events and certain management plans that are known or reasonably knowable as of the evaluation date when determining 
whether substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern exists. Under ASU 2014-5, the emergence of 
substantial doubt about a company’s ability to continue as a going concern is the trigger for providing footnote disclosure. Therefore, 
for each annual and interim reporting period, management should evaluate whether there are conditions that give rise to substantial 
doubt within one year from the financial statement issuance date. During the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company adopted ASU 
2014-15  and  applied  the  guidance  prospectively. Adoption  of ASU  2014-15  has  had  no  material  effect  on  the  Company’s 
consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.

In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-11, (Topic 330), Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory
(“ASU  2015-11”).  The  objective  is  to  reduce  the  complexity  related  to  inventory  subsequent  measurement  and  disclosure 
requirements. ASU 2015-11 amendments do not apply to inventory that is measured using last-in, first-out or the retail inventory 
method. The amendments apply to all other inventory, which includes inventory that is measured using first-in, first-out or average 
cost. Inventory within the scope of the new guidance should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable 
value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal 
and transportation. The amendments more closely align with the measurement of inventory in International Financial Reporting 
Standards. ASU 2015-11 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within 
those fiscal years. The amendments in ASU 2015-11 should be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the 
beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. During the first quarter of 2016, the Company elected to adopt ASU 2015-11 
ahead of its required effective date and applied the guidance prospectively. Early adoption of ASU 2015-11 has had no material 
effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures. 

In  November  2015,  the  FASB  issued Accounting  Standards  Update  No.  2015-17,  Income Taxes  (Topic  740),  Balance  Sheet 
Classification of Deferred Taxes ("ASU 2015-17"). The objective is to simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes; the 
amendments require that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in a classified consolidated balance sheets.  
ASU 2015-17 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal 
years.  Earlier application is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The amendment 
may be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. During the 
first quarter of 2016, the Company elected to adopt ASU 2015-17 ahead of its required effective date and applied the guidance 
prospectively with no  change  to prior  period's amounts  disclosed in  our  consolidated balance sheets and related notes  to the 
consolidated financial statements.

Early adoption of ASU 2015-17, in the first quarter of 2016, resulted in the Company offsetting all of its deferred income tax 
assets and liabilities, as of January 1, 2016, by taxing jurisdiction and classifying those balances as noncurrent. The result was a 
$4.1 million increase in "Other noncurrent assets," from $6.7 million to $10.8 million, and a $12.1 million decrease in "Deferred 
income tax and other long-term liabilities," from $16.5 million to $4.4 million. 

84

 
 
 
 
 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In  May  2014,  the  FASB  issued Accounting  Standards  Update  No.  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  ("ASU 
2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The amendments provide a 
revenue  recognition  five-step  model  to  be  applied  to  all  revenue  contracts  with  customers.  In  2016,  the  FASB  issued  final 
amendments to clarify the implementation guidance for principal versus agent considerations, identifying performance obligations 
and the accounting for licenses of intellectual property. The standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after 
December 15, 2017. The Company expects to adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2018. The new standard also permits 
two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively 
with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the modified retrospective 
method). The Company is currently in the process of determining its method of adoption, which depends in part upon the completion 
of the analysis on the impact this guidance has on the Company's revenue arrangements. The Company expects to complete its 
analysis of the impact of the updated revenue-recognition guidance on the Company's revenue arrangements by October of 2017. 
The Company’s approach includes performing a detailed review of key contracts representative of the Company’s products. In 
addition, comparing historical accounting policies and practices to the new standard on the Company’s revenue arrangements. 
Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company does not know whether the new revenue 
recognition standard will have a material impact on its financial statements upon adoption.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, (Topic 842), Leases (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 
2016-02 core requirement is to recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases including those leases classified as operating 
leases. The amendments require a lessee to recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the 
lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term 
of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize 
lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a 
straight-line basis over the lease term. The lessor accounting application is largely unchanged from that applied previously under 
GAAP.  In  transition,  lessees  and  lessors  are  required  to  recognize  and  measure  leases  at  the  beginning  of  the  earliest  period 
presented using a modified retrospective approach. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application of the amendments in this Update is 
permitted for all entities. Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company does not 
know whether the new operating lease standard will have a material impact on its financial statements upon adoption.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09 (Topic 718), Compensation - Stock Compensation: 
Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”). The amendments simplify several aspects of the 
accounting  for  employee  share-based  payment  transactions  including  accounting  for  income  taxes,  forfeitures,  statutory  tax 
withholding requirements, and classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal years, and interim 
periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Based on current information and subject to future events 
and circumstances, the Company does not believe the improved stock compensation standard will have a material impact on its 
financial statements upon adoption.

2.  Acquisitions

In December 2015, the Company purchased all of the business assets including intellectual property from Blue Heron Enterprises, 
LLC, and Fox Chase Enterprises, LLC (collectively, "EBTY"), both New Jersey limited liability companies, for $3.4 million in 
cash. EBTY manufactured and sold hidden deck clips and products and systems using a patented design. EBTY's patented design 
for hidden deck clips and products and systems will complement the Company's line of hidden clips and fastener systems. The 
Company's measurement of assets acquired included goodwill of $2.0 million, which was assigned to the North America segment, 
and intangible assets of $1.1 million, both of which are subject to tax-deductible amortization. Net assets consisting of inventory 
and equipment accounted for the balance of the purchase price. The weighted-average amortization period for the intangible assets 
is 7 years. 

In August 2016, the Company purchased all of the outstanding shares of Multi Services Dêcoupe S.A. ("MS Decoupe"), a Belgium 
public limited company, for $6.9 million. MS Decoupe primarily manufactures and distributes wood construction, plastic and 
metal  labeling  products  in  Belgium  and  the  Netherlands,  including  distributing  the  Company's  products  manufactured  at  the 
Company's production facility in France. With this acquisition, the Company could potentially offer the Belgium market a wider-
range of its products, shorten delivery lead times, and expand the Company's sales presence into the Netherlands market. The 
Company's provisional measurement of assets acquired and liabilities assumed included cash and cash equivalents of $1.5 million, 
other current assets of $2.1 million, non-current assets of $5.0 million, current liabilities of $0.7 million and non-current deferred 
income tax liabilities of $1.0 million. Included in non-current assets was goodwill of $1.9 million, which was assigned to the 
85

 
 
Europe segment, and intangible assets of $1.2 million, both of which are not subject to tax-deductible amortization. The estimated 
weighted-average amortization period for the intangible assets is 7 years. 

Under  the  business  combinations  topic  of  the  FASB ASC  805,  the  Company  accounted  for  these  acquisitions  as  business 
combinations and ascribed acquisition-date fair values to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. Fair value of intangible assets 
was based on Level 3 inputs. 

The results of operations of the businesses acquired in 2014 through 2016 are included in the Company’s consolidated results of 
operations since the date of the acquisition. They were not material to the Company on an individual or aggregate basis, and 
accordingly, pro forma results of operations have not been presented.

See “Note 15 — Subsequent Events” for the Company’s acquisitions that took place following December 31, 2016.

3.  Trade Accounts Receivable, net

Trade accounts receivable consisted of the following:

 (in thousands)
Trade accounts receivable
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Allowance for sales discounts

The Company sells products on credit and generally does not require collateral. 

4. 

Inventories

The components of inventories consisted of the following:

 (in thousands) 
Raw materials
In-process products
Finished products

5.  Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

 (in thousands)
Land
Buildings and site improvements
Leasehold improvements
Machinery and equipment

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

Capital projects in progress

86

December 31,

2016

2015

116,368
(895)
(3,050)
112,423

$

$

109,859
(1,142)
(2,706)
106,011

December 31,

2016

2015

86,524
20,902
124,848
232,274

$

$

75,950
18,828
100,979
195,757

December 31,

2016

2015

32,127
183,882
5,550
248,861
470,420
(273,302)
197,118
35,692
232,810

$

$

28,698
171,890
5,560
232,560
438,708
(257,115)
181,593
32,123
213,716

$

$

$

$

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2016 and 2015, are fully depreciated assets with an original cost of 
$166.7 million and $156.7 million, respectively. These fully depreciated assets are still in use in the Company’s operations. 

The  Company  capitalizes  certain  development  costs  associated  with  internal  use  software,  including  external  direct  costs  of 
materials and services and payroll costs for employees devoting time to a software project. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, 
depreciable  capitalized  software  development  costs  were  $4.6  million  and  $1.6  million,  respectively,  and  included  in  capital 
projects in progress at December 31, 2016 and 2015, were software in development costs of $13.5 million and $12.2 million, 
respectively. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage, as well as costs for maintenance and training, are expensed as 
incurred.

Depreciation expense was $21.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $20.4 million for both of the years ended 
December 31, 2015 and 2014.

In  December  2015,  the  Company  purchased  for  $12.6  million  a  manufacturing  facility  in West  Chicago  for  the  purposes  of 
combining the operations of its two leased chemical facilities into one owned facility. During 2016, the Company incurred $7.3 
million in improvement costs to build out of the new facility. In 2016, the Company approved the expansion of the McKinney 
facility, which it estimates will cost $17.0 million to $19.0 million. 

6.  Investments

At December 23, 2016, the Company acquired a 25.0% equity interest in Ruby Sketch Pty Ltd. (“Ruby Sketch”), an Australian 
proprietary limited company, for $2.5 million, for which the Company accounts for its ownership interest using the equity 
accounting method. Ruby Sketch develops software that assists in designing residential structures, primarily used in Australia 
and potentially for the North America market. The Company’s future relationship with Ruby Sketch also could potentially 
include the specification of the Company’s products in the Ruby Sketch software. The Company has no obligation to make any 
additional capital contributions to Ruby Sketch. 

7.   Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:

(in thousands)
Sales incentive and advertising accruals
Vacation liability
Dividend payable
Labor related liabilities
Other

8.  Debt

December 31,

2016

2015

$

$

25,761
7,432
8,535
8,431
10,318
60,477

$

$

22,235
7,001
7,716
7,720
10,089
54,761

The Company has revolving lines of credit with various banks in the United States and Europe. Total available credit at December 31, 
2016 was $303.8 million, including revolving credit lines and an irrevocable standby letter of credit in support of various insurance 
deductibles.

The Company’s primary credit facility is a revolving line of credit with $300.0 million in available credit. On July 25, 2016, the 
Company  entered  into  a  second  amendment  (the  "Amendment")  to  the  credit  facility.  For  additional  information  about  the 
Amendment, see the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 28, 2016. As amended, this credit facility expires on 
July 23, 2021. Amounts borrowed under this credit facility will bear interest at an annual rate equal to either, at the Company’s 
option,  (a) the  rate  for  Eurocurrency  deposits  for  the  corresponding  deposits  of  United  States  dollars  appearing  on  Reuters 
LIBOR1screen  page (the  “LIBOR  Rate”),  adjusted  for  any  reserve  requirement  in  effect,  plus  a  spread  of  0.60%  to  1.45%, 
determined quarterly based on the Company’s leverage ratio (at December 31, 2016, the LIBOR Rate was 0.72% ), or (b) a base 
rate, plus a spread of 0.00% to 0.45%, determined quarterly based on the Company’s leverage ratio. The base rate is defined in a 
manner such that it will not be less than the LIBOR Rate. The Company will pay fees for standby letters of credit at an annual 
rate equal to the applicable spread described above, and will pay market-based fees for commercial letters of credit. The Company 

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
is required to pay an annual facility fee of 0.15% to 0.30% of the available commitments under the credit agreement, regardless 
of usage, with the applicable fee determined on a quarterly basis based on the Company’s leverage ratio. The Company was also 
required to pay customary fees as specified in a separate fee agreement between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National 
Association, in its capacity as the Administrative Agent under the credit facility.

In addition to the $300.0 million credit facility, the Company’s borrowing capacity under other revolving credit lines totaled $3.8 
million at December 31, 2016. The other revolving credit lines charge interest ranging from 0.48% to 7.75% and have maturity 
dates  from  March 2017  to  December 2017. The  Company  had  no  outstanding  balance  on  any  of  its  revolving  credit  lines  at 
December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company and its subsidiaries are required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants. The covenants include 
provisions that would limit the availability of funds as a result of a material adverse change to the Company’s financial position 
or results of operations. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants under the loan agreement as of December 31, 
2016.

The Company incurs interest costs, which include interest, maintenance fees and bank charges. The amount of costs incurred, 
capitalized, and expensed for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, consisted of the following:

Interest costs incurred
Less: Interest capitalized
Interest expense

9.  Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

$

1,167
(20)
1,147

$

$

1,133
(136)
997

$

$

953
(98)
855

Certain properties occupied by the Company are leased. The leases expire at various dates through 2026 and generally require the 
Company to assume the obligations for insurance, property taxes and maintenance of the facilities.

Rental expense for 2016, 2015 and 2014 with respect to all leased property was approximately $5.9 million, $6.6 million and $6.9 
million, respectively.

At December 31, 2016, minimum rental commitments under all non-cancelable leases were as follows:

(in thousands) 

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter
Total

$

$

5,857
4,539
3,335
2,738
1,822
2,966
21,257

Some of these minimum rental commitments contain renewal options and provide for periodic rental adjustments based on changes 
in the consumer price index or current market rental rates. Other rental commitments provide options to cancel early without 
penalty. Future minimum rental payments, under the earliest cancellation options, are included in minimum rental commitments 
in the table above.

Other Contractual Obligations

Purchase  obligations  consist  of  commitments  primarily  related  to  the  acquisition,  construction  or  expansion  of  facilities  and 
equipment, consulting agreements, and minimum purchase quantities of certain raw materials. The Company is not a party to any 
long-term supply contracts with respect to the purchase of raw materials or finished goods. Debt interest obligations include annual 

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
facility fees on the Company’s primary line-of-credit facility. Interest on line-of-credit facilities was estimated based on historical 
borrowings and repayment patterns.

At December 31, 2016, other contractual obligations were as follows:

(in thousands) 

As of December 31, 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter
Total

Employee Relations

Debt Interest 
Obligations

Purchase 
Obligations

Total

$

$

450
450
450
450
250
—
2,050

$

$

33,222
847
104
96
96
—
34,365

$

$

33,672
1,297
554
546
346
—
36,415

Approximately  20%  of  the  Company’s  employees  are  represented  by  labor  unions  and  are  covered  by  collective  bargaining 
agreements. The Company’s facility in Stockton, California, is also a union facility with two collective bargaining agreements, 
which also cover tool and die craftsmen and maintenance workers and sheetmetal workers, respectively. These two contracts will 
expire in July and September 2019, respectively. The Company’s facility in San Bernardino County, California, has two of the 
Company's  collective  bargaining  agreements,  one  with  tool  and  die  craftsmen  and  maintenance  workers,  and  the  other  with 
sheetmetal workers. These two contracts expire in February 2017 and June 2018, respectively. The Company expects to agree 
with the San Bernardino tool and die craftsmen and maintenance workers union to extend the existing labor union contract that 
expires in February 2017, while the parties are negotiating a new agreement. The Company has not begun negotiations to extend 
the sheetmetal workers union labor contract that expires in June 2018. The Company believes that, even if new agreements are 
not reached before the existing labor union contracts expire, it is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
ability to provide products to customers or on the Company’s profitability. 

Environmental

The Company’s policy with regard to environmental liabilities is to accrue for future environmental assessments and remediation 
costs when information becomes available that indicates that it is probable that the Company is liable for any related claims and 
assessments and the amount of the liability is reasonably estimable. The Company does not believe that any such matters will 
have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and other matters arising in the normal course of business.  
Corrosion, hydrogen enbrittlement, cracking, material hardness, wood pressure-treating chemicals, misinstallations, misuse, design 
and assembly flaws, manufacturing defects, labeling defects, product formula defects, inaccurate chemical mixes, adulteration, 
environmental conditions, or other factors can contribute to failure of fasteners, connectors, anchors, adhesives, specialty chemicals, 
such as fiber reinforced polymers, and tool products.  In addition, inaccuracies may occur in product information, descriptions 
and instructions found in catalogs, packaging, data sheets, and the Company’s website.

As of February 28, 2017, the Company is not a party to any legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to 
the Company’s business, which the Company expects individually or in the aggregate to have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. Nonetheless, the resolution of any claim or litigation is subject 
to inherent uncertainty and could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of 
operations.

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Potential Third-Party Claims

Nishimura v. Gentry Homes, Ltd., Civil No. 11-1-1522-07, was filed in the Hawaii First Circuit court on July 20, 2011. The 
Nishimura case involves claims by homeowners at a Honolulu development, Ewa by Gentry, related to alleged corrosion of strap-
tie holdowns and mud-sill anchor products supplied by the Company. Ewa by Gentry consists of approximately 2,400 homes. 

The Company is not currently a party to the Nishimura case. The plaintiff homeowners originally sued the developer Gentry 
Homes, Ltd. (“Gentry”) as well as the Company. In 2012 and 2013, the Hawaii First Circuit granted the Company’s motions to 
dismiss and for summary judgment, resulting in the dismissal of all of the plaintiff homeowners’ claims against the Company, and 
the Company is not currently a party to the proceedings. The dismissed claims against the Company remain subject to potential 
appeal by the plaintiffs. Further, Gentry may in the future seek to sue the Company for indemnity or contribution if Gentry is 
ultimately found liable for any loss suffered by the plaintiff homeowners.

The Company initially understood from Gentry there were no significant damages claims related to Ewa by Gentry development. 
In May 2015, the plaintiff homeowners filed a second amended complaint to name a new representative plaintiff because the 
original representative plaintiffs had not suffered damage. In August 2016, Gentry advised the Company for the first time that 
other plaintiff homeowners had documented serious corrosion of mudsill anchors and strap-tie holdowns in a substantial number 
of homes. The plaintiff homeowners and Gentry are currently proceeding in arbitration and the Hawaii state court lawsuit has been 
stayed pending the conclusion of arbitration. Gentry has not asserted any third party claim against the Company, but has reserved 
the right to seek to do so.

In the Nishimura case and in the arbitration, the plaintiff homeowners seek damages according to proof. At this time, the Company 
cannot reasonably ascertain the likelihood that Gentry will be found responsible for substantial damages to the homeowners; 
whether, if so, Gentry would proceed against the Company; whether any legal theory against the Company might be viable, or 
the extent of the liability the Company might face if Gentry were to proceed against it. 

The Company admits no liability in connection with the Nishimura case. It will vigorously defend any claims, whether appeal by 
the plaintiff homeowners, or third party claims by Gentry. Based on facts currently known to the Company and subject to future 
events and circumstances, the Company believes that all or part of any claims that any party might seek to allege against it related 
to the Nishimura case may be covered by its insurance policies.

Charles Vitale, et al. v. D.R. Horton, Inc. and D.R. Horton-Schuler Homes, LLC, Civil No. 15-1-1347-07, a putative class action 
lawsuit, was filed in the Hawaii First Circuit on July 13, 2015, in which homeowner plaintiffs allege that all homes built by D.R 
Horton/D.R. Horton-Schuler Homes in the State of Hawaii have strap-tie holdowns that are suffering premature corrosion. The 
complaint alleges that various manufacturers make strap-tie holdowns that suffer from such corrosion, but does not identify the 
Company’s products specifically. The Company is not currently a party to the Vitale lawsuit, but the lawsuit in the future could 
potentially involve the Company’s strap-tie holdowns.

Given the preliminary nature and the complexities involved in the Nishimura and Vitale proceedings, the Company is unable to 
estimate reasonably a likelihood of possible loss or range of possible loss until the Company knows, among other factors, (i) 
whether it will be named in the lawsuit by any party; (ii) the specific claims and the legal theories on which they are based (iii) 
what claims, if any, will survive dispositive motion practice, (iv) the extent of the claims, including the size of any potential class, 
particularly as damages are not specified or are indeterminate, (v) how the discovery process will affect the litigation, (vi) the 
settlement posture of the other parties to the litigation, (vii) the extent to which the Company’s insurance policies will cover the 
claims or any part thereof, if at all, (viii) whether class treatment is appropriate; and (ix) any other factors that may have a material 
effect on the litigation.

While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of proceedings, to which the Company is not currently a party, or reasonably estimate 
a possible loss or range of possible loss for the Company related to such matters, in the opinion of the Company, either the likelihood 
of loss from such proceedings is remote or any reasonably possible loss associated with the resolution of such proceedings is not 
expected  to  be  material  to  the  Company’s  financial  position,  results  of  operations  or  cash  flows  either  individually  or  in  the 
aggregate. Nonetheless, the resolution of any claim or litigation is subject to inherent uncertainty and could have a material adverse 
effect on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.

90

10.  Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes from operations consisted of the following: 

(in thousands)
Current

Federal
State
Foreign
Deferred
Federal
State
Foreign

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

$

39,649
7,053
3,333

0

260
13
(1,142)
49,166

$

$

29,684
5,001
3,568

2,390
753
(605)
40,791

$

$

25,178
4,391
4,041

2,264
142
(225)
35,791

Income and loss from operations before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively, 
consisted of the following:

 (in thousands) 
Domestic
Foreign

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

$

131,827
7,073
138,900

$

$

106,381
2,298
108,679

$

$

90,142
9,180
99,322

Reconciliations between the statutory federal income tax rates and the Company’s effective income tax rates as a percentage of 
income before income taxes for its operations were as follows:

 (in thousands) 
Federal tax rate

State taxes, net of federal benefit

Tax benefit of domestic manufacturing deduction

Change in valuation allowance

Difference between United States statutory and foreign local tax rates
Change in uncertain tax position

Other

Effective income tax rate

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

35.0 %

3.4 %

(2.5)%

(0.1)%
(0.3)%

(0.2)%

0.1 %

35.4 %

35.0 %

3.3 %

(2.3)%

1.3 %
0.2 %

0.3 %

(0.3)%

37.5 %

35.0 %

3.0 %

(2.4)%

1.5 %
(0.4)%

(0.8)%

0.1 %

36.0 %

91

 
 
 
 
 
The tax effects of the significant temporary differences that constitute the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2016
and 2015, respectively, were as follows:

 (in thousands)
Deferred asset taxes

State tax
Workers’ compensation
Health claims
Vacation liability
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventories
Sales incentive and advertising allowances
Acquisition costs
Unrealized foreign exchange gain or loss
Stock-based compensation
Foreign tax credit carryforwards
Uncertain tax positions’ unrecognized tax benefits
Foreign tax loss carry forward
Other

  Less valuation allowances

Deferred tax liabilities

Depreciation
Goodwill and other intangibles amortization
Tax effect on cumulative translation adjustment
Other

Total Deferred tax

December 31,

2016

2015

$

$

2,518
1,381
755
1,485
123
6,833
1,126
528
678
5,550
1,288
104
6,841
1,259
30,469
(6,868)
23,601

(6,138) $
(14,126)
(667)
(744)
(21,675)

1,762
1,777
746
1,410
205
6,112
963
—
247
5,629
1,345
134
7,082
1,433
28,845
(7,576)
21,269

(5,265)
(11,835)
(974)
(1,023)
(19,097)

1,926

$

2,172

$

$

$

$

Prospective adoption of ASU 2015-17, in the first quarter of 2016, resulted in the Company offsetting all of its deferred income
tax assets and liabilities, as of January 1, 2016, by taxing jurisdiction and classifying those balances as noncurrent. The result was
$4.1 million being classified as "Other noncurrent assets," and a $1.9 million being classified as "Deferred income tax and other 
long-term liabilities." The offsetting of all of the Company's deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2016, 
by taxing jurisdiction, resulted in $4.3 million being classified as "Other noncurrent assets" and $2.4 million being classified as 
"Deferred income tax and other long-term liabilities."

At December 31, 2016, the Company had $30.8 million of pre-tax loss carryforwards in various foreign taxing jurisdictions, which 
includes approximately $4.3 million that were generated by the Company’s Beijing and Thailand subsidiaries that are in the process 
of liquidating. Tax loss carryforwards of $1.5 million, $1.2 million, $1.7 million, $1.5 million, $0.3 million, $92 thousand and 
$0.3 million will expire in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 respectively, if not used. The remaining tax losses can 
be carried forward indefinitely. 

At December 31, 2016, and 2015, the Company had deferred tax valuation allowances of $6.9 million and $7.6 million, respectively. 
The valuation allowance decreased $0.7 million and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

The Company does not provide for federal income taxes on the undistributed earnings of its international subsidiaries because 
such earnings are reinvested and, in the Company’s opinion, will continue to be reinvested indefinitely. At December 31, 2016, 
2015 and 2014, the Company had not provided for federal income taxes on undistributed earnings of $57.7 million, $51.6 million
and $45.6 million, respectively, from its international subsidiaries. Should these earnings be distributed in the form of dividends 

92

 
 
 
 
or otherwise, the Company would be subject to both United States income taxes and withholding taxes in various international 
jurisdictions. These taxes may be partially offset by United States foreign tax credits. Determination of the related amount of 
unrecognized deferred United States income taxes is not practicable because of the complexities associated with this hypothetical 
calculation. United States federal income taxes are provided on the earnings of the Company’s foreign branches, which are included 
in the United States federal income tax return.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, was as 
follows, including foreign translation amounts:

Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Balance at January 1
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years
Additions for tax positions of the current year

Lapse of statute of limitations
Balance at December 31

2016

2015

2014

$

$

1,107
204
—
155
—
(347)
1,119

$

$

1,307
310
(514)
191
—
(187)
1,107

$

$

3,456
7
(1,146)
165
(680)
(495)
1,307

There are no tax positions included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2016 and 2014. A tax position of 
$0.2 million is included at December 31, 2015, which, if recognized, would reduce the effective tax rate.

The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense, which is a 
continuation of the Company’s historical accounting policy. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, accrued 
interest decreased by $61 thousand, $30 thousand and $0.2 million, respectively, as a result of the reversal of accrued interest 
associated with the lapses of statutes of limitations. The Company had accrued $0.2 million for each of the fiscal years ended 
2016, 2015 and 2014, for the potential payment of interest, before income tax benefits.

At December 31, 2016, the Company remained subject to United States federal income tax examinations for the tax years 2013 
through 2016. In addition, the Company remained subject to state, local and foreign income tax examinations primarily for the 
tax years 2011 through 2016.

11.  Retirement Plans

The Company has five defined contribution retirement plans covering substantially all salaried employees and nonunion hourly 
employees. On January 1, 2015, the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan for Salaried Employees was 
amended, restated and superseded by the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the “Restated Plan”), and 
the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan for Hourly Employees was merged with and incorporated into 
the Restated Plan. The Restated Plan, covering United States employees, provides for quarterly contributions, limited to 3% of 
the employees quarterly eligible compensation, that does not require Board approval and for annual contributions in amounts that 
the Board authorizes, subject to certain limitations, but in no event are total contributions more than the amounts permitted under 
the Internal Revenue Code as deductible expense. The other four plans, covering the Company’s European and Canadian employees, 
require the Company to make contributions ranging from 3% to 15% of the employees’ compensation. The total cost for these 
retirement  plans  for  the  years  ended  December 31,  2016,  2015  and  2014,  was  $10.1  million,  $9.5  million  and  $8.0  million, 
respectively.

The Company also contributes to various industry-wide, union-sponsored pension funds for hourly employees who are union 
members and a statutorily required pension fund for employees in Switzerland. Payments to these funds aggregated $3.1 million, 
$2.5 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Settlement of Pension Withdrawal Liability 

Under the Company's collective bargaining arrangement with the tool and die craftsman and maintenance union, the Company 
has been contributing to a defined-benefit pension plan. In 2014, the Company and the union formally notified the defined-benefit 
pension plan administrator of their intent to withdraw from the plan. In the third quarter of 2014, the plan administrator responded 
by issuing a demand letter informing the Company that the annual withdrawal liability payment to be made by the Company was 
$145,400 and the payments were to be made in perpetuity.

93

 
 
 
 
 
Due to the amount and duration of payments, the Company was required to calculate and record a pension expense and liability 
based on the annual payments in perpetuity. At December 31, 2014, the Company discounted the payment estimate using a discount 
rate of 4.5%, which approximates the credit-adjusted risk-free rate for the Company and recorded a long-term liability of $3.3 
million with a corresponding defined-benefit expense in cost of sales. On a quarterly basis, the Company re-evaluated the number 
of years that payments are required and the discount rate used to calculate the long-term liability and adjusted it as facts and 
circumstances changed. All adjustments to the long-term liability were charged to cost of sales in the accompanying Consolidated 
Statements of Operations. Because of the funding status of the plan, the annual withdrawal liability payments were recorded as 
interest expense on the long-term liability.

In September of 2015, the defined-benefit pension plan trustees and the Company agreed to settle this long-term pension withdrawal 
liability, which at the time had a $3.0 million balance, for $2.0 million. As a result of the settlement, the Company reduced the 
long-term pension withdrawal liability by $1.0 million with a corresponding defined benefit expense reduction in cost of sales. 
The $2.0 million long-term pension withdrawal liability was fully paid as of September 30, 2015.

12.  Related Party Transactions

In March 2013, the Company extended its lease on a property in Addison, Illinois, which is co-owned by Gerald Hagel, a vice 
president of Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. since March 2007. The extension was for an additional five years through 2018. 
The Company paid $0.3 million in 2016 to lease the property from Mr. Hagel and his wife, Susan Hagel, a former employee of 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.

In 2016, the Company paid Tacit Knowledge, Inc. ("Tacit Knowledge"), a consultant on a software implementation project, $1.9 
million for its services. The project started in 2015 and is expected to be continuing in 2017. Chris Andrasick, the Company's 
Director  James  S.  Andrasick’s  son,  co-founded  Tacit  Knowledge  in  2002.  Tacit  Knowledge  was  sold  to  Newgistics,  Inc. 
("Newgistics") in 2013. Chris Andrasick was hired by Newgistics in 2013, as its Chief Strategy and Innovation Officer for Digital 
Commerce, but has had no financial interest in Tacit Knowledge since the 2013 acquisition, other than in his role as an officer of 
Newgistics. The payments that the Company made to Tacit Knowledge in 2016 were less than 0.5% of Newgistics' consolidated 
gross revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

In 2016, Karen Colonias, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, was named as a director of Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co. 
(“Reliance”). Reliance, through its subsidiaries, has been a provider of steel processing and handling services for the Company 
for several years. In 2016, the Company paid Reliance $0.7 million for its services. The relationship between the Company and 
Reliance is expected to be continuing in 2017.

13.   Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has one stock-based incentive plan, the 2011 Plan, which incorporates and supersedes its two previous plans except 
for  awards  previously  granted  under  the  two  plans  (see  "Note  1  —  Accounting  for  Stock-Based  Compensation).  Generally, 
participants of the 2011 Plan are granted stock-based awards, and among which the performance-based awards may vest, only if 
the applicable Company-wide or profit-center operating goals, or both, or strategic goals, established by the Compensation and 
Leadership Development Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors at the beginning of the year, are met.

The Company granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under the 2011 Plan in 2014, 2015 or 2016. The fair value of each restricted 
stock unit award is estimated on the measurement date as determined in accordance with GAAP and is based on the closing market 
price of the underlying stock on the day preceding the measurement date. The fair value excludes the present value of the dividends 
that the  RSUs  do  not participate in. The RSUs  may  be time-based, performance-based or  time- and  performance-based. The 
restrictions on one quarter of the time-based RSUs generally lapse on the date of the award and each of the first, second and third 
anniversaries of the date of the award (the “Vesting Schedule”). The restrictions on the performance-based RSUs, which are made 
to the Company’s named executive officers and certain members of the Company’s senior management in addition to their time-
based RSUs, generally lapse following a period set for the RSUs on the date of the award, and shares of the Company’s common 
stock underlying such awards are subject to performance-based adjustment before becoming vested. In addition, some of the time-
based RSUs made to the Company’s employees require the underlying shares to be subject to performance-based adjustment 
before such awards may vest according to the Vesting Schedule.

On February 4, 2017, 616,679 RSUs were awarded to the Company's employees, including officers, at an estimated value of 
$43.75 per share, based on the closing price on February 14, 2017. On April 20, 2016, 1,800 RSUs were awarded to each of the 

94

 
 
 
Company’s six non-employee directors at an estimated value of $38.00 per share based on the closing price on April 19, 2016. 
There were no restrictions on the non-employee directors’ RSUs granted on April 20, 2016.

The following table summarizes the Company’s unvested restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2016:

Unvested Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Outstanding at January 1, 2016

Awarded
Vested
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2016
Outstanding and expected to vest at December 31, 2016

Shares
(in thousands)

Weighted-
Average
Price

527
442
(343)
(11)
615
601

$

$
$

31.56
31.98
31.64
32.02
31.81
31.81

$

$
$

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value *
(in thousands)

17,994

26,915
26,282

*  The intrinsic value is calculated using the closing price per share of $43.75, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange on 

December 31, 2016.

The total intrinsic value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $10.8 million, $10.3 
million and $9.1 million respectively, based on the market value on the award date.

No stock options were granted under the 2011 Plan in 2014, 2015 or 2016. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2016:

Non-Qualified Stock Options
Outstanding at January 1, 2016

Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2016

Shares
(in thousands)
$
523
(271) $
(1) $
$

251

29.55
29.48
21.25
29.66

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value*
(in thousands)
2,406

2.1

$

1.1

$

3,538

 * The intrinsic value represents the amount by which the fair market value of the underlying common stock exceeds the exercise 
price of the option, and is calculated using the closing price per share of $43.75, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange 
on December 31, 2016.

The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during each of the three years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, was 
$3.1 million, $2.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

As of January 1, 2015, there were 99 thousand unvested stock options with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $10.33 per 
share. These stock options vested in the first quarter of 2015 and, as of December 31, 2016, the Company had no unvested stock 
options.

As  of  December 31,  2016,  there  was  $24.8  million  total  unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  unvested  stock-based 
compensation arrangements under the 2011 Plan for awards made through February 2016 and those expected to be made through 
February 2017. The portion of this cost related to RSUs awarded through February 2016 is expected to be recognized over a 
weighted-average period of 1.7 years. 

The Company also maintains an employee stock bonus plan (the "Stock Bonus Plan"), which was adopted in 1994, amended on 
December 7, 2015, and approved by the Company's stockholders on April 20, 2016, whereby it awards shares of the Company's 
common stock to employees, who do not otherwise participate in any of the Company’s stock-based incentive plans and meet 
minimum service requirements as determined by the Committee. The number of shares awarded, as well as the period of service, 
is determined by the Committee. The Company committed to issuing 12 thousand shares for 2016 (3 thousand of which are 

95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
expected to be settled in cash for the Company's foreign employees) and issued 10 thousand and 16 thousand shares for 2015 and 
2014, respectively, which resulted in pre-tax compensation charges of $0.8 million, $0.7 million and $0.9 million for each of the 
years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These employees are also awarded cash bonuses, which are included 
in these charges, to compensate for their income taxes payable as a result of the stock bonuses. Shares have generally been issued 
under the Stock Bonus Plan following the year in which the respective employee reached his or her tenth anniversary of employment 
with the Company.

14.   Segment Information

The Company is organized into three reporting segments. The segments are defined by the regions where the Company’s products 
are manufactured, marketed and distributed to the Company’s customers. The three regional segments are the North America 
segment (comprising primarily the Company's operations in the United States and Canada), the Europe segment and the Asia/
Pacific segment (comprising the Company’s operations in Asia, the South Pacific, South Africa and the Middle East). These 
segments are similar in several ways, including the types of materials used, the production processes, the distribution channels 
and the product applications.

The Administrative & All  Other  column  primarily  includes  expenses  such  as  self-insured  workers  compensation  claims  for 
employees  of  the  Company’s  venting  business,  which  was  sold  in  2010,  stock-based  compensation  for  certain  members  of 
management, interest expense, foreign exchange gains or losses and income tax expense, as well as revenues and expenses related 
to real estate activities, such as rental income and depreciation expense on the Company’s property in Vacaville, California, which 
the Company has leased to a third party for a 10-year term expiring in August 2020.

The following table shows certain measurements used by management to assess the performance of the segments described above 
as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

(in thousands) 

2016
Net sales

Sales to other segments *

Income (loss) from operations

Depreciation and amortization

Significant non-cash charges

Provision for income taxes

Capital expenditures and business acquisitions, net of
    cash acquired
Total assets

North
America

 Europe

Asia/
Pacific

Administrative
& All Other

 Total

$

742,021

$

111,274

$

7,366

$

— $ 860,661

2,512

137,311

19,433

9,124

45,547

37,652

853,826

570

895

5,809

1,052

1,428

8,461

165,121

28,690

2,140

1,208

113

721

1,250

25,118

—
(869)
1,477

3,657

1,470

31,772

139,477

27,927

13,946

49,166

—
(64,091)

47,363

979,974

(in thousands) 
2015
Net sales
Sales to other segments *
Income (loss) from operations
Depreciation and amortization
Significant non-cash charges
Provision for income taxes
Capital expenditures and asset acquisitions, net of
    cash acquired
Total assets

$

$

North
America

676,618
2,857
109,446
17,812
8,221
36,999

33,336
748,241

$

 Europe
108,068
931
3,795
5,773
1,251
1,692

4,177
168,305

Asia/
Pacific

Administrative
& All Other

$

9,373
20,496
(3,445)
1,785
131
581

825
24,366

— $
—
(775)
1,451
2,355
1,519

27
20,397

 Total
794,059
24,284
109,021
26,821
11,958
40,791

38,365
961,309

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands) 
2014
Net sales
Sales to other segments *
Income (loss) from operations
Depreciation and amortization
Impairment of long-lived asset
Significant non-cash charges
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
Capital expenditures and asset acquisitions, net of
    cash acquired
Total assets

$

$

North
America

613,843
4,134
94,888
18,129
—
9,722
30,287

20,160

679,844

$

 Europe
123,177
1,170
5,005
6,755
530
1,164
2,437

2,977

180,005

Asia/
Pacific

Administrative
& All Other

$

15,128
17,933
(1,566)
1,554
—
203
882

798

29,552

— $
—
949
1,480
—
2,101
2,185

—

83,664

 Total
752,148
23,237
99,276
27,918
530
13,190
35,791

23,935

973,065

 * Sales to other segments are eliminated on consolidation.

Cash collected by the Company’s United States subsidiaries is routinely transferred into the Company’s cash management accounts, 
and therefore has been included in the total assets of “Administrative & All Other.” Cash and short-term investment balances in 
“Administrative & All Other” were $137.4 million, $164.1 million and $167.4 million as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, 
respectively. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had $87.2 million, or 38.5%, of its cash and cash equivalents held outside 
the United States in accounts belonging to the Company’s various foreign operating entities. The majority of this balance is held 
in foreign currencies and could be subject to additional taxation if it were repatriated to the United States. The Company currently 
has no plans to repatriate cash and cash equivalents held outside the United States as the Company expects to use such funds for 
future international growth and acquisitions.

The significant non-cash charges comprise compensation related to the awards under the Company's stock-based incentive plans 
and the Company's employee stock bonus plan. The Company’s measure of profit or loss for its reportable segments is income 
(loss) from operations. The reconciling amounts between consolidated income before tax and consolidated income from operations 
are net interest income, which is primarily attributed to “Administrative & All Other.”

97

 
 
The following table shows the geographic distribution of the Company’s net sales and long-lived assets as of December 31, 2016, 
2015 and 2014, respectively:

 (in thousands) 
United States

Canada

Denmark

United Kingdom

France

Germany

Switzerland

Poland

The Netherlands

Belgium

China/Hong Kong

Australia

New Zealand

Chile

Other countries

2016

2015

2014

Net
Sales

Long-Lived
Assets

Net
Sales

Long-Lived
Assets

Net
Sales

Long-Lived
Assets

$

702,071

$

192,787

$

639,443

$

171,367

$

572,112

$

158,161

38,269

15,728

20,905

33,062

20,751

6,549

6,633

4,909

1,286

151

4,741

2,474

1,572

1,560

4,473

1,249

1,183

8,349

12,582

8,469

1,830

21

1,798

6,881

239

163

56

590

36,122

14,987

22,924

31,147

19,974

5,538

6,417

4,773

—

4,097

3,121

2,154

902

2,460

4,275

1,381

1,357

8,621

13,358

9,071

893

15

—

7,510

274

142

91

731

40,996

15,121

24,893

37,312

27,202

4,960

7,491

4,539

—

9,646

3,245

2,237

573

1,821

5,195

1,518

1,377

8,145

15,379

9,506

1,071

30

—

8,966

267

82

149

929

$

860,661

$

240,670

$

794,059

$

219,086

$

752,148

$

210,775

Net sales and long-lived assets, net of intangible assets, are attributable to the country where the sales or manufacturing operations 
are located.

Wood construction products include connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and pre-fabricated shearwalls and are 
used  for  connecting  and  strengthening  wood-based  construction  primarily  in  the  residential  construction  market.  Concrete 
construction products include adhesives, specialty chemicals, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, powder actuated tools and 
reinforcing fiber materials and are used for restoration, protection or strengthening concrete, masonry and steel construction in 
residential, industrial, commercial and infrastructure construction. The following table show the distribution of the Company’s 
net sales by product for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

(in thousands) 
Wood Construction
Concrete Construction
Other
Total

2016

2015

2014

732,414
128,247
—
860,661

$

$

674,274
119,481
304
794,059

$

$

636,003
115,921
224
752,148

$

$

No customer accounted for as much as 10% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.

15.  Subsequent Events

Dividend Declaration 

At its meeting on January 30, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.18 per share of our common 
stock, estimated to be $8.6 million in total. The record date for the dividend will be April 6, 2017, and it will be paid on April 27, 
2017. 

98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of Gbo Fastening Systems AB 

On January 3, 2017, the Company acquired Gbo Fastening Systems AB ("Gbo Fastening Systems"), a Sweden limited company, 
for approximately $10.2 million. Gbo Fastening Systems manufacturers and sells a complete line of CE-marked structural fasteners, 
unique fastener dimensioning software for wood construction applications currently sold mostly in northern and eastern Europe, 
which is expected to complement the Company's line of wood construction products in Europe. 

Acquisition of CG Visions, Inc. 

On January 9, 2017, the Company acquired CG Visions, Inc. ("CG Visions"), an Indiana company, for up to approximately $21.5 
million, including an earn-out of $2.15 million, which is subject to meeting sales targets, and subject to specified holdback provisions 
and post-closing adjustment. CG Visions provides scalable technologies and services in building information modeling ("BIM") 
technologies, estimation tools and software solutions to a number of the top 100 mid-sized to large builders in the United States, 
which will complement and support the Company's sales in North America.

Both acquisition transactions will be recorded as business combinations in accordance with the business acquisition method. 
Because the transactions were so recent, the Company is in the process of evaluating the information required to determine the 
preliminary purchase allocation for each acquisition.

16.  Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The following table sets forth selected quarterly financial data for each of the quarters in 2016 and 2015, respectively:

(in thousands, except per share amounts) 

2016

2015

Fourth
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Second
Quarter

First
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Second
Quarter

First
Quarter

Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit

$200,192
105,226
94,966

$230,974
117,499
113,475

$229,973
118,486
111,487

$199,523
107,000
92,523

$184,764
102,002
82,762

$216,139
115,798
100,341

$216,665
118,347
98,318

$176,491
98,993
77,498

Research and development and
other engineering

Selling
General and administrative
Impairment of goodwill
Gain on sale of assets

12,441
24,030
32,376
—
(17)

10,932
24,304
32,543
—
(81)

11,452
24,822
34,945
—
(656)

11,423
25,187
29,298
—
(26)

11,548
22,508
26,553
—
(332)

13,935
22,535
28,648
—
(26)

10,517
23,013
29,794
—
(15)

10,197
22,607
28,433
—
(16)

Income from operations

Interest expense, net

26,136
(177)

45,777
(82)

40,924
(83)

26,641
(235)

22,485
(77)

35,249
(175)

35,009
(54)

16,277
(35)

Income before income taxes
Provision for
  income taxes
Net income

Earnings per common share:

Basic
Diluted

Cash dividends declared per
   common share

25,959

45,695

40,841

26,406

22,408

35,074

34,955

16,242

8,565
$ 17,394

15,898
$ 29,797

14,640
$ 26,201

10,063
$ 16,343

7,675
$ 14,733

13,479
$ 21,595

13,446
$ 21,509

6,191
$ 10,051

$

$

$

0.37
0.36

$

0.62
0.62

$

0.54
0.54

0

0.34
0.34

$

$

0.30
0.30

$

0.44
0.44

$

0.44
0.43

0.20
0.20

0.18

$

0.18

$

0.18

$

0.16

$

0.16

$

0.16

$

0.16

$

0.14

Basic and diluted income per common share for each of the quarters presented above is based on the respective weighted average 
numbers of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding for each quarter, and the sum of the quarters may not 
necessarily be equal to the full year basic and diluted net income per common share amounts.

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE II

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 

Column D

Column E

Column B

Balance at

Beginning

of Year

Column C

Additions

Charged

to Costs

Charged

to Other

and

Accounts —

Expenses

Write-offs

Deductions

$

$

1,142
2,706
7,575

929
2,089
6,754

945
1,451
5,546

(83)
344
358

440
617
1,577

151
638
1,397

$

$

164
—
1,065

227
—
756

167
—
189

—

—
—
—

—
—
—

Balance

at End

of Year

895
3,050
6,868

1,142
2,706
7,575

929
2,089
6,754

Column A

(in thousands)
Classification
Year to date December 31, 2016
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Allowance for sales discounts
Allowance for deferred tax assets
Year to date December 31, 2015
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Allowance for sales discounts
Allowance for deferred tax assets
Year to date December 31, 2014
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Allowance for sales discounts
Allowance for deferred tax assets

100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures.

None

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of December 31, 2016, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision 
and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the chief executive officer (“CEO”) and the chief financial 
officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under 
the  Exchange Act.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  controls  and  other  procedures  designed  reasonably  to  assure  that 
information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and 
Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures are also designed reasonably to assure that this 
information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and the CFO, as appropriate 
to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, as of December 31, 2016, the Company's CEO 
and CFO have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. The Company’s management is responsible for establishing 
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, using the criteria established in Internal Control - 
Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and 
concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016. Grant Thornton 
LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, has also 
audited the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, as stated in their 
report included in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting 
identified in management's evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the three months 
ended December 31, 2016, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial 
reporting.

Inherent Limitations of Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  The Company’s 
management, including the CEO and the CFO, does not, however, expect that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures 
or the Company’s internal control over financial reporting will necessarily prevent all fraud and material errors. Internal control 
over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that 
the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the facts that there are resource 
constraints and that the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. The inherent limitations in internal control 
over financial reporting include the realities that judgments can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error 
or mistake. Controls also can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by 
management override of controls. The design of any system of internal control is also based in part on assumptions about the 
likelihood of future events, and there can be only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its 
stated  goals  under  all  potential  events  and  conditions.  Over  time,  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in 
circumstances, or the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

Item 9B. Other Information.

None.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

PART III

The  information  required  by  this  Item  will  be  contained  in  the  Company’s  proxy  statement  for  the  2017 Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 
2016, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

101

 
 
 
 
 
The  information  required  by  this  Item  will  be  contained  in  the  Company’s  proxy  statement  for  the  2017 Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 
2016, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The  information  required  by  this  Item  will  be  contained  in  the  Company’s  proxy  statement  for  the  2017 Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 
2016, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The  information  required  by  this  Item  will  be  contained  in  the  Company’s  proxy  statement  for  the  2017 Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 
2016, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The  information  required  by  this  Item  will  be  contained  in  the  Company’s  proxy  statement  for  the  2017 Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 
2016, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

PART IV

(a)   The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

1.     Consolidated financial statements

The following consolidated financial statements are filed as a part of this report:

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 
2014

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.     Financial Statement Schedules

The following consolidated financial statement schedule for each of the years in the three-year period ended 
December 31, 2016, is filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts—Years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014

All other schedules have been omitted as the required information is not present or is not present in 
amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included 
in the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto.

102

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)   Exhibits

The following exhibits are either incorporated by reference into, or filed or furnished with, this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as 
indicated below.

3.1  Certificate of Incorporation of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., as amended, is incorporated by reference to 

Exhibit 3.1 of its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007.

3.2  Bylaws of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., as amended through October 19, 2016, are incorporated by reference 

to Exhibit 3.2 of its Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2016.

4.1  Certificate  of  Designation,  Preferences  and  Rights  of  Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock  of  Simpson 
Manufacturing  Co., Inc.,  dated  July 30,  1999,  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 4.2  of  its  Registration 
Statement on Form 8-A dated August 4, 1999.

10.1  Form of Indemnification Agreement between Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and its directors and executive 
officers, as well as the officers of Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc., is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 
of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.

10.2  Credit Agreement, dated as of July 27, 2012, among Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., as Borrower, Wells Fargo 
Bank, National Association ("Wells Fargo"), MUFG Union Bank, N.A. (f/k/a Union Bank, N.A.), HSBC Bank 
USA, N.A., and Bank of Montreal, as Lenders, Wells Fargo in its separate capacities as Swing Line Lender and 
L/C  issuer  and  as  Administrative  Agent,  and  Simpson  Strong-Tie  Company  Inc.,  and  Simpson  Strong-Tie 
International, Inc. as Guarantors, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Simpson Manufacturing Co., 
Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 1, 2012.

10.3  Second amendment to the unsecured credit agreement, dated as of July 25, 2016, among the Company, as Borrower, 
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association ("Wells Fargo"), MUFG Union Bank, N.A. (f/k/a Union Bank, N.A.), 
HSBC Bank USA, N.A., and Bank of Montreal, as Lenders, Wells Fargo in its separate capacities as Swing Line 
Lender and L/C issuer and as Administrative Agent, and Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc., and Simpson Strong-
Tie International, Inc. as Guarantors, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Simpson Manufacturing Co., 
Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2016.

10.4  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Executive Officer Cash Profit Sharing Plan, as amended through February 25, 
2008, is incorporated by reference to  Exhibit 10.3 of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s  Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2008.

10.5  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 1994 Stock Option Plan, as amended through February 13, 2008, is incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter 
ended June 30, 2008.

10.6  Simpson  Manufacturing  Co., Inc.  1995  Independent  Director  Stock  Option  Plan,  as  amended  through 
November 18, 2004, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2008.

10.7  Simpson  Manufacturing  Co., Inc. Amended  and  Restated  2011  Incentive  Plan  is  incorporated  by  reference  to 

Exhibit A of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Schedule 14A Proxy Statement dated March 9, 2015.

10.8  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of Simpson 
Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File Number 333-173811, dated December 15, 
2015.

10.9  Compensation of Named Executive Officers and Directors is incorporated by reference to Item 5.02 of Simpson 
Manufacturing  Co., Inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form 8-K  dated  February  4,  2017,  Item  5.02  of  Simpson 
Manufacturing  Co., Inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form 8-K  dated  December  6,  2016  and  Item  5.02  of  Simpson 
Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2016.

103

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
10.10  Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2017 Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is filed 

herewith.

10.11  Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2017 Time Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is filed herewith.

21.  List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant is filed herewith.

23.1  Consent of Grant Thornton LLP is filed herewith.

23.2  Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is filed herewith.

31.1  Chief Executive Officer's Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification is filed herewith.

31.2  Chief Financial Officer's Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification is filed herewith.

32. 

Section 1350 Certifications are furnished herewith.

99.1  Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 1994 Employee Stock Bonus Plan, as amended through December 7, 2015, is 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit A of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Schedule 14A Proxy Statement dated 
March 10, 2016.

99.2  Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2017 Time & Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is 

filed herewith.

101  Financial statements from the annual report on Form 10-K of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. for the year ended 
December 31, 2016, formatted in XBRL, are filed herewith and include: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, 
(ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Statement of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated 
Statements  of  Stockholders’  Equity,  (v) the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Cash  Flows  and  (vi) the  Notes  to 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

104

 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused 

this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Dated:

February 28, 2017

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
(Registrant)

By

/s/Brian J. Magstadt

Brian J. Magstadt
Chief Financial Officer
and Duly Authorized Officer
of the Registrant
(principal accounting and financial officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 

persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated below. 

Signature

Title

Date

Chief Executive Officer:

/s/Karen Colonias

(Karen Colonias)

Chief Financial Officer:

  President, Chief Executive
  Officer and Director

(principal executive officer)

  February 28, 2017

/s/Brian J. Magstadt

(Brian J. Magstadt)

  Chief Financial Officer,
  Treasurer and Secretary

  February 28, 2017

(principal accounting and financial officer)

Directors:

/s/Peter N. Louras, Jr.

(Peter N. Louras, Jr.)

/s/Thomas J Fitzmyers

(Thomas J Fitzmyers)

/s/James S. Andrasick

(James S. Andrasick)

  Chairman of the Board and Director

  February 28, 2017

  Vice Chairman of the Board

  February 28, 2017

and Director

  Director

  February 28, 2017

/s/Jennifer A. Chatman

  Director

  February 28, 2017

(Jennifer A. Chatman)

/s/Gary M. Cusumano

(Gary M. Cusumano)

/s/Celeste Volz Ford

(Celeste Volz Ford)

  Director

  Director

  February 28, 2017

  February 28, 2017

/s/Robin G. MacGillivray

  Director

  February 28, 2017

(Robin G. MacGillivray)

105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
Exhibit 21

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
List of Subsidiaries of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
At February 28, 2017 

1.  Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc., a California corporation

2.  Simpson Strong-Tie International, Inc., a California corporation

3.  Simpson Strong-Tie Canada, Limited, a Canadian corporation

4.  Simpson Strong-Tie Europe EURL, a French corporation

5.  Simpson Strong-Tie, S.A.S., a French corporation

6.  Simpson Strong-Tie Japan, Inc., a California corporation

7.  Simpson Strong-Tie Australia, Inc., a California corporation

8.  Simpson Strong-Tie A/S, a Danish corporation 

9.  Simpson Strong-Tie GmbH, a German corporation 

10.  Simpson Strong-Tie Sp. z.o.o., a Polish corporation 

11.  Simpson France SCI, a French corporation

12.  Simpson Strong-Tie Australia Pty Limited, an Australian corporation

13.  Simpson Strong-Tie Asia Limited, a Hong Kong company

14.  Simpson Strong-Tie Asia Holding Limited, a Hong Kong company

15.  Simpson Strong-Tie (Beijing) Company Limited, a Chinese company

16.  Simpson Strong-Tie (Zhangjiagang) Co., Ltd., a Chinese company

17.  Simpson Strong-Tie s.r.o., a Czech company

18.  Socom S.A.S., a French corporation

19.  Simpson Strong-Tie (New Zealand) Limited, a New Zealand company

20.  Simpson Strong-Tie Switzerland GmbH, a Switzerland company

21.  S&P Clever Reinforcement Company AG, a Switzerland company

22.  S&P Handels GmbH, an Austrian company

23.  S&P Clever Reinforcement GmbH, a Germany company

24.  S&P Clever Reinforcement Company Benelux B.V., a Dutch company

25.  S&P Polska Sp. z.o.o., a Polish corporation

26.  Clever Reinforcement Iberica - Materiais de Construção, Lda., a Portugal company

27.  S&P Reinforcement France, a French company

28.  Simpson Strong-Tie (Thailand) Co., Ltd, a Thai company 

29.  Simpson Strong-Tie Vietnam Company Limited, a Vietnam company

30.  Simpson Strong-Tie South Africa (PTY) Ltd, a South Africa company

106

Exhibit 21

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
List of Subsidiaries of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

At February 28, 2017

      Cont'd

31.  Simpson Strong-Tie Chile Limitada, a Chile company

32.  S&P Reinforcement Nordic ApS, a Danish company

33.  Simpson Strong-Tie Structural Connectors Ireland Ltd, an Ireland company

34.  Multi Services Dêcoupe S.A., a Belgium company

35.  CG Visions, Inc., an Indiana corporation

36.  Gbo Fastening Systems AB, a Swedish corporation

37.  Christiania Spigerverk AS, a Norwegian company

38.  Gbo Fastening Systems Sp. z.o.o., a Polish company

39.  Gbo Fastening Systems S.r.l., a Romanian company

107

     
Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We have issued our reports dated February 28, 2017, with respect to the consolidated financial statements, financial statement 
schedule, and internal control over financial reporting included in the Annual Report of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. We consent to the incorporation by reference of said reports in the Registration 
Statements  of  Simpson  Manufacturing  Co.,  Inc.  on  Forms  S-8  (File  Nos.  033-90964,  333-37325,  333-40858,  333-97313, 
333-97315, 333-173811, and 033-85662).

/s/ Grant Thornton LLP
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2017 

108

 
Exhibit 23.2

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (Registration Nos. 033-85662, 
033-90964, 333-37325, 333-40858, 333-97313, 333-97315, and 333-173811) of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. of our report 
dated March 2, 2015 relating to the financial statements and financial statement schedule, which appears in this Form 10-K.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2017 

109

Exhibit 31.1

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications

I, Karen Colonias, certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report 
is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

 (c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and 

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

DATE: February 28, 2017

By /s/Karen Colonias

Karen Colonias
Chief Executive Officer

110

 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.2

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications

I, Brian J. Magstadt, certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report 
is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

 (c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and 

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

DATE: February 28, 2017

By /s/Brian J. Magstadt

Brian J. Magstadt
Chief Financial Officer

111

 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Section 1350 Certifications

The undersigned, Karen Colonias and Brian J. Magstadt, being the duly elected and acting Chief Executive Officer and 
Chief Financial Officer, respectively, of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certify 
that the annual report of the Company on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, fully complies with the requirements 
of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that information contained in such report fairly 
presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

DATE: February 28, 2017

By /s/Karen Colonias

Karen Colonias

Chief Executive Officer

By /s/Brian J. Magstadt

Brian J. Magstadt

Chief Financial Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code has been 
provided to Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and will be retained by Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and furnished to the Securities 
and Exchange Commission or its staff on request.

112

 
 
 
 
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
5956 W. Las Positas Boulevard
Pleasanton, CA 94588
Tel: (800) 925-5099   Fax: (925) 847-1608
simpsonmfg.com

© 2017 Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.  AR16