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Simpson Manufacturing

ssd · NYSE Industrials
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Ticker ssd
Exchange NYSE
Sector Industrials
Industry Construction
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2024 Annual Report · Simpson Manufacturing
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2024 Annual Report
1

To our stockholders, 
customers, and employees
For more than 68 years, 
Simpson Strong-Tie has 
dedicated itself to our 
company mission of 
delivering innovative 
solutions that help people 
design and build safer, 
stronger structures. 
2
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

New and veteran employees joined the celebration as Simpson Manufacturing Co. marked 30 years as a publicly traded 
company by ringing the closing bell at the New York Stock Exchange in September. 
This mission supports our vision to 
provide the most trusted construction 
solutions on jobs worldwide. It also 
aligns with our strong business model, 
which is anchored in values of 
innovation, quality, service and 
community. This model comprises 
several enduring commitments: to a 
diverse and growing portfolio of product 
and software solutions; to rigorous 
research, innovation and testing to 
ensure both quality products and 
continuous improvement; to deep, 
longstanding relationships with our 
customers and partners; to best-in-
class field support, expertise and 
customer training; to industry-leading 
product availability and delivery; and 
to supporting and developing the 
construction industry and our 
communities. Commitment to these 
principles has driven the exceptional 
growth of our business over the 
decades and continues to cement 
our market leadership position.
All the same, commitments must inspire 
action to be effective, and none of 
our achievements would have been 
possible without the passion, creativity 
and initiative of our world-class 
employees. Our people are truly the 
“secret sauce” of our success.  
Company Ambitions
We continue to focus on our declared 
company ambitions, while 
strengthening those pertaining to 
operating income margin and EPS 
growth: 
1.
Strengthening our values-based 
culture
2.
Being the business partner of 
choice
3.
Striving to be an innovative leader 
in the markets where we operate
4.
Continuing above-market growth 
relative to US housing starts
5.
Maintaining an operating income 
margin greater than 20%
6.
Driving EPS growth surpassing 
net revenue growth
Financial and Operational Execution
Despite continuing sluggishness in 
housing starts across the US and 
Europe, our industry position and 
growth strategies allowed us again 
to deliver above-market growth and 
profitability in 2024, with $2.2 billion in 
annual net sales, a 19.3% operating 
income margin and $7.60 of earnings 
per diluted share.
Capital Investments, Stockholder Value
We generated cash flow from 
operations of $338.2 million in 2024, 
enabling significant investments to 
boost efficiencies and drive productivity 
so we can best support our customers 
as housing starts rebound. At the same 
time, our cash flow enables us to 
continue returning capital to 
stockholders via $46.5 million in 
quarterly cash dividends and the 
repurchase of $100.0 million of 
common stock in 2024. Over the past 
three years, we’ve paid $135.6 million 
in dividends and repurchased $228.6 
million of our common stock, resulting 
in approximately 43.7% of free cash 
flow returned to our stockholders. 
Furthermore, our solid operational 
execution and returns to stockholders 
helped us achieve a strong ROIC(1) 
of 14.9% for the 2024 fiscal year.
2024 Annual Report
3

“Three of the nine core Company Values we inherited from 
our founder, Barclay Simpson, are Everybody Matters, Enable 
Growth and Give Back. We take these principles seriously.”
Anniversary Milestone
The year 2024 marked the 30th year 
that Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 
(NYSE: SSD) has been a publicly traded 
company. To celebrate that milestone, 
executives and several long-tenured 
employees of the Company were invited 
to ring the closing bell on September 6 
at the New York Stock Exchange. 
Achieving this landmark is a testament 
to our enduring values, our keen focus 
on innovation, and our commitment to 
creating long-term value for our 
shareholders.
Well-Earned Retirements
At the end of 2024 we celebrated the 
retirement of two longtime executive 
leaders — Roger Dankel, our Executive 
Vice President of North America Sales, 
and Brian Magstadt, our Chief Financial 
Officer — who between them had 
dedicated five decades of service to the 
Company’s culture and success. We 
are profoundly grateful for their 
contributions to making Simpson 
Strong-Tie the world-class company it 
is today; and while we will miss their 
invaluable guidance, we are very happy 
for them and wish them the best in their 
future chapters. 
Building a Healthy, Equitable and 
Sustainable Future
Three of the nine core Company Values 
we inherited from our founder, Barclay 
Simpson, are Everybody Matters, 
Enable Growth and Give Back. We take 
these principles seriously and strive 
to integrate them in all our actions. 
The chief public measure of these 
commitments is our Corporate Social 
Responsibility, or CSR (formerly ESG) 
Report, published annually since 2021, 
in which we continue to clarify our 
social and environmental goals and 
metrics. 
In addition to employee health, safety, 
and development measures, we work 
hard to strengthen the social and 
economic future of our industry and 
communities by supporting efforts to 
train and develop new generations of 
workers in the construction trades, 
through ongoing partnerships with 
Building Talent Foundation, Habitat for 
Humanity, and other organizations. 
Highlights of our 2024 efforts on this 
front include the following:
•
We became a national sponsor 
of ACE Mentor, a nonprofit that 
focuses on bringing young people 
into the construction trades.
•
To support education in the trades, 
we extended our three-year 
partnership with Building Talent 
Foundation through 2025, granting 
an additional $900,000 in funding; 
Mike Olosky also joined their 
board.
•
In 2024, we increased the number 
of our annual Strong-Tie 
Undergraduate Fellowship awards 
(for students majoring in structural 
or civil engineering, architecture, 
or construction management) 
from 100 to 120 per year, and the 
scholarship amount from $2,500 
to $3,000 per awardee.
•
To encourage our employees’ 
charitable activities, we increased 
our company match for their 
donations from $1,000 to $5,000 
annually per employee. 
It’s by giving back in these ways to our 
industry, people, and communities that 
our business successes are most 
meaningfully rewarded. 
On behalf of everyone at Simpson 
Manufacturing, we thank all our loyal 
customers, employees, suppliers and 
stockholders for their enduring support.
Sincerely,
Michael L. Olosky
President and Chief Executive Officer
Phil Donaldson
Non-Executive Chairman of the 
Board of Directors
1.
When referred to above, the Company’s return on invested capital (ROIC) for a fiscal year is calculated based on (i) the net income of that year, as presented in 
the Company’s consolidated statements of operations prepared pursuant to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the US, as divided by (ii) the 
average of the sum of total stockholders’ equity and total long-term debt at the beginning of and at the end of such year, as presented in the Company’s 
consolidated balance sheets prepared pursuant to GAAP for that applicable year. As such, the Company’s ROIC, a ratio or statistical measure, is calculated 
using exclusively GAAP financial measures.
4
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Financial Highlights
2024
2023
% Change
2024 Capital Allocation
Dollars in thousands
Net Sales
$2,232,139
$2,213,803
 0.8 %
Income from Operations
$429,975
$475,149
 (9.5) %
Net Income
$322,224
$353,987
 (9.0) %
Diluted Earnings per Share
$7.60
$8.26
 (8.0) %
Total Assets
$2,736,168
$2,704,724
 1.2 %
Stockholders’ Equity
$1,805,348
$1,679,746
 7.5 %
Common Shares Outstanding
41,878
42,323
 (1.1) %
Number of Employees
5,872
5,497
 6.8 %
Dollars in thousands except per-share amounts.
Earnings per Share
$4.27
$6.12
$7.76
$8.26
$7.76
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
$.00
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
Dividends per Share
$.93
$.98
$1.03
$1.07
$1.11
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
$.00
$.20
$.40
$.60
$.80
$1.00
$1.20
$1.40
Net Sales and Stockholder’s Equity
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
$—
$500,000
$1,000,000
$1,500,000
$2,000,000
$2,500,000
n Net Sales
n Stockholder’s Equity
2024 Annual Report
5

Business expansion is a long-term 
investment. We are capturing opportunities 
today while strengthening a future we are 
helping to build. 
Gallatin 2.0 Taking Shape. Our ~$110 million net 
investment in a new facility in Gallatin, Tennessee, will 
more than double current production capacity. Dubbed 
“Gallatin 2.0” by the team, this expansion will reshore 
and add fastener and anchor manufacturing closer to 
our North America customers. Slated for operation in 
late 2025, the new site will also improve efficiency, foster 
exceptional customer service and create more jobs. 
Columbus Expansion on Track. Opening in early 2025, 
our ~$62 million expansion in Columbus will boost 
production, enhance efficiency and accelerate business 
growth. Higher capacity enables us to support national 
retailers, such as Lowe’s and The Home Depot, and 
meet growing demand from OEM customers, including 
manufacturers for modular buildings, metal buildings, 
sheds, offsite construction and material handling. 
6
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Continued Above-Market Growth in Europe. 
Simpson Strong-Tie saw above-market overall growth 
in Europe during 2024. Furthering our company 
footprint with broader distribution, ETANCO expanded 
our connector business in Italy. Our S&P subsidiary 
also delivered a strong performance, and we realized 
additional growth in the façade business. At the Ireland 
Hardware Show in February, our Design Series won the 
most innovative new product award, prompting dealers 
to begin stocking that product line.
Denmark Smart Factory for Local Production. Our 
new manufacturing and warehouse facility in Horsens, 
Denmark, positions Simpson Strong-Tie for increasing 
support of European markets, including the Nordic 
region. The plant is utilizing smart-factory technology, 
such as automated guided vehicles and robotics, 
to drive productivity and operational efficiency for 
connectors and other structural solutions. 
Our new Denmark Smart Factory 
makes extensive use of automation, 
ensuring that our products are 
readily available for suppliers, 
builders, contractors and DIYers 
throughout the region.
2024 Annual Report
7

Risk-Taking Innovation has powered our 
progress for nearly seventy years. This 
founding principle continues to strengthen 
our company and customers.
Enhancing Our Equipment Offering with Monet 
DeSauw, Inc. Strengthening our commitment to 
component manufacturers, Simpson Strong-Tie acquired 
Monet DeSauw, a leading provider of quality saws for 
truss fabrication, along with material handling equipment. 
Advanced saws, such as the FWA 500, DeSawyer and 
DeRobo, automate commercial production of ready-to-
install wood framing components including webs, chords, 
stair stringers, rafters and wedges. 
Extending Our Structural Solutions with QuickFrames 
USA. The acquisition of QuickFrames USA broadened our 
array of innovative solutions for commercial construction. 
QuickFrames is the leader in engineered structural roof 
frames that free up fabrication and detailing to save time, 
budget and labor. Bolt-in roof frames are easy to install 
and adjust with no welding required, and fully assembled, 
drop-in roof frames are a great alternative to using 
angle iron. 
Outdoor Accents® DIY Pergola Hardware Kit for a 
Great Backyard. The new Outdoor Accents DIY pergola 
hardware kit makes it possible for DIYers and 
homeowners to build a strong 8' x 8' or 10' x 10' pergola 
that enhances outdoor living. The kit includes straps, post 
The addition of QuickFrames 
engineered structural roof frame 
systems enhances our range of 
innovative solutions for 
commercial construction.
8
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

bases and angle connectors from our Avant 
Collection™, all in a stylish black powder-coat finish. 
Our structural fastener and hex-head washer combo 
are also included for fast, easy installation. 
Quik Drive® Project Pro™ Saves Time and Effort. 
Expanding our Quik Drive lineup of screw driving 
systems, we launched the Quik Drive Project Pro screw 
driving tool. Project Pro makes it easy to drive screws 
up to four times faster than traditional drivers alone. 
It’s perfect for repetitive fastening on decks, fences, 
flooring and other home improvement projects. 
Lightweight and simple to attach, Project Pro works 
with most cordless drills and driver motors. 
Research and Innovation to Advance Mass Timber.  
As part of the Natural Hazards Engineering Research 
Infrastructure (NHERI) Converging Design project, 
Simpson Strong-Tie collaborated with several 
universities to perform a series of outdoor shake table 
tests on a six-story hybrid structural steel and mass 
timber structure at the University of California, San 
Diego (UCSD). This project followed the NHERI 
TallWood project, also conducted at USCD, which 
simulated a series of large earthquakes and their 
effects on a full-scale, 10-story mass timber building.
Leading the Industry with Product Innovation. 
Simpson Strong-Tie remains committed to advancing 
the construction industry through innovation based on 
customer focus, engineering research and extensive 
testing. In 2024, we launched 69 new products across 
all categories — structural connectors, fastening 
systems, anchoring, lateral systems, structural steel, 
cold-formed steel, mass timber, software applications, 
outdoor living and more. 
Employees at the Building Component 
Manufacturers Conference (BCMC) 
tradeshow in Milwaukee. Simpson 
Strong-Tie showcased advanced 
solutions for truss and wall panel 
component manufacturing, including 
innovative saws, material handling 
equipment, hardware connectors 
and fasteners. 
2024 Annual Report
9

Our portfolio of digital solutions is making it 
easier for homebuilders, manufacturers, 
retailers and DIYers to plan, design, specify 
and build.
Advancing Truss Component Project Management 
and Design. The truss market is a strategic business 
priority for us and will be an area of continued investment. 
In June 2024, we made progress along our long-term 
digital solutions roadmap by acquiring Calculated 
Structured Designs Inc., a software development 
company providing solutions for the engineered wood, 
engineering, design and building industries. Integrating 
the CSD iStruct applications with our software for 
truss and wall panel manufacturing enables us to 
provide a seamless solution for key customers in this 
growing segment. 
10
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Anchor Designer™ for Masonry (ADM) Improves 
Efficiency. Anchor Designer for Masonry is a new web 
application that helps specifiers find the most efficient 
adhesive anchoring solutions for concrete masonry 
units (CMU). It works in accordance with ICC-ES 
Acceptance Criteria AC58 for Adhesive Anchors in 
Cracked and Uncracked Masonry Elements, with the 
assistance of 3D visualization. 
Handy Competitor Cross-Reference Tool (CCRT). 
Our new Competitor Cross-Reference Tool makes it 
easy to identify the Simpson Strong-Tie alternative to 
competitor products. To determine which Simpson 
Strong-Tie solution is similar to the specified product, 
customers simply choose the competitor product by 
name, and the tool suggests the similar product.
Building It Right with Software Applications As of 
2024. Developed with input from the professionals who 
use them, our software solutions enhance project 
management and design capabilities across a wide 
range of industry applications. With more than 50 
software and specification tools available, everyone 
from engineers, builders and suppliers to contractors 
and DIYers can plan and complete projects that are 
safe, durable and compliant with local building codes. 
Employees Kyle Steiner, Bill English, 
Andrew Billig, Dave Brainard, Greg 
Koutsouros  and Joseph  Dorroll at 
Autodesk University 2024 in San Diego. 
Simpson Strong-Tie exhibited LotSpec™ 
option management software, Pipeline™ 
material management and estimation 
software,professional design and project 
management services, and our breadth of 
specification tools for production homebuilders.
2024 Annual Report
11

Employee Mike Bond accepting  
2024 Do It Best Building 
Materials Vendor of the Year — 
the 12th time in the last 15 
years that Simpson Strong-Tie 
has won this award, in 
recognition of our innovative 
products, strong partnerships 
and Relentless Customer 
Focus. 
When we deliver products, we deliver a 
total solution, complete with engineering 
consultation, design tools, installation 
training, and field support wherever the 
customer needs it. 
Industry Recognition for Our Service. In 2024, we were 
honored to win the Preferred Partner Award from one of 
the largest privately held homebuilders, David Weekley 
Homes, for consistently offering world-class quality and 
customer service; Supply Chain Excellence and Supplier 
of the Year awards (both!) from leading distributor 
SouthernCarlson; and Building Materials Vendor of the 
Year from national cooperative Do It Best, among other 
recognitions from customers and business partners.  
12
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Every year, Simpson Strong-Tie 
offers hundreds of instructor-led 
classroom workshops, webinars and 
online courses, attended by tens of 
thousands of industry professionals. 
This curriculum complements the 
jobsite visits and design 
consultations that our scores of 
trainers and field engineers conduct 
on an almost daily basis.
Project and Business Support for Construction 
Professionals. In 2024, we launched the StrongPro 
online community for backyard building professionals 
to connect with peers, share insights, learn more about 
the breadth and depth of Simpson Strong-Tie solution 
offerings, and access expert support from our trainers 
and engineers. 
Enhancing the Ease and Speed of Doing Business 
with Us. This year, we were awarded Enterprise B2B 
Ecommerce Manufacturer of the Year from the B2B 
Ecommerce Association and Digital Commerce 360 
for using digital platforms to optimize our customer 
experience. Our Customer Portal ecommerce site and 
Authorized Online Reseller program integrate digital 
catalogs, automated order processing and innovative 
communication tools with AI-driven insights, 3D 
visualization tools and cross-channel data analytics 
to deliver customers a smooth, efficient experience at 
every point of their online journey. This approach has 
helped us achieve over 60% of our sales through 
digital channels. 
360° Support in Adopting and Integrating Our New 
Building Technology. When Simpson Strong-Tie 
introduced the EasyFrameTM automated lumber 
marking system and the Monet DeSauw automated 
commercial saw line, we knew they would revolutionize 
the efficiency of our wall panel manufacturer, lumber 
and building material dealer, and component 
manufacturer customers. As part of the same package, 
we naturally also offer comprehensive support in setup, 
operational training, design, and project management 
to ensure each customer can leverage this technology 
to optimal business benefit. 
2024 Annual Report
13

Employees from our Riverside, 
California, branch hosted one of 
our Trades Day give back events 
in October 2024. Held at multiple 
Simpson Strong-Tie locations, 
our Trades Day events provided 
nearly 400 high school students 
hands-on experience in 
construction trades and 
introduced them to potential 
careers in architecture, 
engineering and construction. 
Our fundamental commitment is to people 
— strengthening our customers, employees 
and communities. A central focus of this 
commitment is to support the building 
trades by helping educate and support 
young people and facilitating their entrance 
to the industry.
Developing the Next Generation of Builders 
with Building Talent Foundation. In 2024, Simpson 
Strong-Tie announced the extension of our partnership 
with Building Talent Foundation into 2026 by making a 
new $900,000 investment. At the same time, our CEO 
Mike Olosky has joined the Building Talent Foundation 
Board of Directors. 
14
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Partnering with the ACE Mentor Program for 
Secondary School Students. The ACE Mentor 
Program (ACE) connects high school students across 
the US with experts from the design and construction 
industry. This year, ACE and Simpson Strong-Tie 
announced a partnership that includes a $50,000 
donation to ACE. Most recently, the two organizations 
joined with the Construction Industry Education 
Foundation (CIEF) to host local students at some of our 
manufacturing facilities and research labs in California 
and Texas. On Do What You Can Day, an annual day 
when employees around the company coordinate 
activities for our communities in honor of Barc 
Simpson’s Principle of Business #8, Give Back, 
employees assembled kits to support the ACE Mentor 
Program. 
Supporting College Students Pursuing Construction 
Careers. Our partnerships with trade organizations 
are in addition to the Simpson Strong-Tie Student 
Scholarship, a renewable annual scholarship of $3,000 
for up to 120 eligible college students in the fields of 
architecture, structural and civil engineering, and 
construction management technology.
Supporting Victims of Natural Disasters. Almost 
every year, Simpson Strong-Tie donates many 
thousands of dollars to the American Red Cross to 
assist with relief following wildfires, hurricanes, 
tornadoes and other natural disasters. 
2024 Annual Report
15

Current Officers
Michael Olosky 
President and Chief Executive Officer
Matt Dunn 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 
Michael Andersen 
Executive Vice President, Europe 
Simpson Strong-Tie Switzerland GmbH
Phil Burton 
Executive Vice President, North America 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. 
Jeremy Gilstrap
Executive Vice President, Innovation 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc.
Jennifer Lutz 
Executive Vice President, Human Resources 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. 
Udit Mehta
Chief Technology Officer
Cassandra Payton 
Executive Vice President, General Counsel
Current Board of Directors
James  Andrasick1,4
Chairman (retired)
Matson Navigation
Chau Banks2,4
Chief Information and Data Officer
The Clorox Company
Felica Coney1,3
Vice President, Global Serve Operations
Google, Inc.
Gary Cusumano2,4
Chairman (retired)
The Newhall Land and Farming Company
Philip Donaldson1,2,3,4
Executive Vice President and Chief 
Financial Officer
Andersen Corporation
Angela Drake1,2
Chief Financial Officer
The Toro Company
Celeste Volz Ford2,3
Board Chair
Stellar Solutions, Inc.
Kenneth Knight1,3
Former Chief Executive Officer
Invitae Corporation
Michael Olosky3
President and Chief Executive Officer
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
1. Member of Audit and Finance Committee
2. Member of Compensation and Leadership 
Development Committee
3. Member of Corporate Strategy and 
Acquisitions Committee
4. Member of Nominating and CSR Committee
Annual Meeting
The annual meeting of stockholders will take 
place at 10:00 a.m., Pacific Daylight Time, on 
Tuesday, May 6, 2025, virtually via live webcast 
at virtualshareholdermeeting.com/SSD2025.
Stock Listing
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s (the 
“Company’s”) common stock is traded on the 
New York Stock Exchange under the ticker 
“SSD.”
Quarterly Stock Data
The table below shows the per-share closing 
price range of the Company’s common stock 
for the last two years as quoted on the New 
York Stock Exchange.
Form 10-K
The Company’s annual report on Form 
10-K (which is available in a separate 
report) and its quarterly and current reports 
on Forms 10-Q and 8-K are filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and 
are available upon request. These reports 
can also be accessed on the Company’s 
website at ir.simpsonmfg.com.
Investor Relations
ADDO Investor Relations
Investor.relations@strongtie.com
(310) 829-5400
For an investor information package, please 
call (925) 560-9097.
Transfer Agent & Registrar
Computershare Trust Company N.A.
P.O. Box 30170, College Station, 
Texas 77842
For stockholder inquiries, please call 
(877) 282-1168.
computershare.com
Independent Registered Public 
Accountants
Grant Thornton LLP
101 California Street, Suite 2700 
San Francisco, CA 94111
2024
2023
High
Low
Close
High
Low
Close
Q1
$214.83
$179.89
$205.18
$114.34
$91.42
$109.64
Q2
$201.35
$160.17
$168.53
$139.63
$103.59
$138.50
Q3
$195.15
$162.45
$191.27
$163.42
$133.27
$149.81
Q4
$196.93
$165.45
$165.83
$200.91
$125.92
$197.98
16
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-K 
(Mark One) 
☒    Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 
OR 
☐        Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
for the transition period from                      to                 . 
Commission file number:  1-13429  
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
 
Delaware
 
94-3196943
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)
5956 W. Las Positas Blvd., Pleasanton, CA  
 
 
 
 
 
 
94588 
 
(Address of principal executive offices)  
 
 
 
 
 
 
                       (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (925) 560-9000  
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 
 
Title of Each Class
Trading Symbol
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01
SSD
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
None
(Title of class) 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  
Yes  ý  No  o 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.     
Yes  o     No  ý
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file 
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  ý  No  o 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be 
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter 
period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ý  No  o 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of
the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a 
smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” 
“smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
x
Accelerated filer                     ☐
Non-accelerated filer     
☐
Smaller reporting company    ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected has elected not to use the extended 
transition period for complying with the new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13 (a) of the 
Exchange Act o
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of 
the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. o
1

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of 
incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to 
§240.10D-1(b). 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). 
Yes  ☐  No  ý 
 
The aggregate market value of the shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, which is the only outstanding class 
of voting and non-voting equity, held by non-affiliates of the registrant (based on the closing price for the common stock on the 
New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2024) was approximately $7,105,664,832.
As of February 24, 2025, 41,974,436 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.
Documents Incorporated by Reference 
 
Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 annual meeting of stockholders (the "2025 Annual Meeting") are 
incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Such Proxy Statement 
will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") within 120 days of the registrant's fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2024.
2

SIMPSON MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
Page
PART I
Item 1.
Business
5
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
12
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
24
Item 1C.
Cybersecurity
24
Item 2.
Properties
25
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
26
Item 4.
Mine Safely Disclosure
26
PART II
Item 5.
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities
27
Item 6.
Reserved
29
Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
29
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
41
Item 8.
Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
42
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
82
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
82
Item 9B.
Other Information
82
Item 9C.
Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections
82
PART III
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
83
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
83
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters
83
Item 13.
Certain Relationship and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
83
Item 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
83
PART 1V
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
83
Item 16.
Form 10-K Summary
86
3

NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
In this filing we make statements concerning our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, strategies, and future events or 
performance. Such statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended "the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by words 
such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “continue,” “predict,” “project,” “change,” 
“result,” “future,” “will,” “could,” “can,” “may,” “likely,” “potentially,” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are 
all statements other than those of historical fact and include, but are not limited to, statements about future financial and 
operating results, our plans, objectives, business outlook, priorities, expectations and intentions, expectations for sales and 
market growth, comparable sales, earnings and performance, stockholder value, capital expenditures, cash flows, the housing 
market, the home improvement industry, demand for services, share repurchases, our ongoing integration of recently acquired 
companies, our strategic initiatives, including the impact of these initiatives on our strategic and operational plans and financial 
results, and any statement of an assumption underlying any of the foregoing.
Forward-looking statements are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and other factors that are difficult to predict and could 
cause our actual results to vary in material respects from what we have expressed or implied by these forward-looking 
statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those 
expressed in or implied by our forward-looking statements include, the effect of global pandemics such as the COVID 19 
pandemic or other widespread public health crises and their effects on the global economy, the effects of inflation and labor, 
and supply shortages on our operations, the operations of our customers, suppliers and business partners, and our ongoing 
integration of recently acquired companies and those discussed under Item 1A. Risk Factors and Item 7. Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2024. Additional risks include: the cyclicality and impact of general economic conditions; changing 
conditions in global markets including the impact of sanctions and tariffs, quotas and other trade actions and import restrictions; 
the impact of pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies; volatile supply and demand conditions affecting prices 
and volumes in the markets for both our products and raw materials we purchase; the impact of foreign currency fluctuations; 
potential limitations on our ability to access capital resources and borrowings under our existing credit agreement; restrictions 
on our business and financial covenants under our credit agreement; reliance on employees subject to collective bargaining 
agreements; and or ability to repurchase shares of our common stock and the amounts and timing of repurchases, if any.
We caution that you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of 
this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new 
information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by law. Readers are urged to carefully review and 
consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (the "SEC") that advise of the risks and factors that may affect our business.
4

PART I
 
Item 1. Business.
Company Background
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. ("Simpson," the "Company," "we," "us," or "our,") through its subsidiaries, including, 
Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. ("SST"), designs, engineers and is a leading manufacturer of structural solutions for wood, 
concrete, and steel connections. These solutions help customers design and build safer and stronger structures. The Company is 
relentlessly focused on providing customers with best in-class field support, technical expertise, digital tools, and training. Our 
research, rigorous testing, and focus on innovation enable us to design cost-effective, high-performing, and easy-to-install 
solutions for a multitude of applications in wood, steel, and concrete structures. Our products for wood construction are used in 
light-frame building applications and include connectors, truss plates, screw fastening systems, fasteners and pre-fabricated 
lateral-force resisting systems. Our products for concrete construction are used in concrete, masonry and steel building 
applications and include adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, powder actuated tools, fiber reinforced 
materials, and other repair products used for protecting and strengthening structures. The Company markets its products to the 
residential construction, light industrial, commercial construction, original equipment manufacturer ("OEM"), component 
manufacturers and national retail markets domestically in North America, primarily in the United States, and internationally, 
predominantly in Europe. Our European operations includes our subsidiary FIXCO, Invest S.A.S. (together with its 
subsidiaries, “ETANCO”), which we acquired in 2022 to expand our product portfolio to include commercial building envelope 
solutions. ETANCO is a leading designer, manufacturer and distributor of fixing and fastening solutions for the European 
building and construction market. ETANCO's primary product applications directly align with the addressable markets in which 
the Company operates, expands our portfolio of solutions, including mechanical anchors, fasteners and commercial building 
envelope solutions, and significantly increase our market presence across Europe. Simpson also provides engineering services 
to support and enhance products and their specification while growing its offering of digital tools and design, planning and 
estimating software to facilitate the specification, selection and use of our products. The Company has continuously 
manufactured structural connectors since 1956 and believes that it benefits from the strong name recognition of the Simpson 
Strong-Tie® brand in residential, light industrial, and commercial markets.
Sales
The Company attracts and retains customers by designing, manufacturing and selling high quality, high-performing products 
that are cost effective and easy for our customers to install. The Company manufactures and warehouses its products in 
geographic proximity to its markets to help ensure availability and facilitate timely delivery to customers, which enables us to 
promptly respond to customer requests for specially designed products and services. The Company maintains levels of 
inventory intended to operate with minimum backlog and fill most customer orders within 24-48 hours. High levels of 
manufacturing automation and flexibility allow the Company to maintain its high-quality standards while continuing to provide 
prompt delivery to meet our customers' needs.
The Company intends to continue efforts to increase market share in its geographic markets of North America, Europe, and 
Asia/Pacific as well as across its broad product range through:
•
An increasingly diverse portfolio of products and software, and a commitment to developing complete solutions for 
the markets we serve;
•
Our long-standing reputation, relationships and engagement with engineers, building officials, and contractors to 
design safer, stronger structures and improve construction standards and practices;
•
A dedication to innovation and extensive product engineering along with rigorous research and testing in our nine 
state-of-the-art labs;
•
Striving for best-in-class field support, technical expertise, digital tools, and training to make it easy to select, specify, 
install and purchase our products;
•
Industry-leading product availability and delivery standards on our vast product offering across multiple distribution 
channels, with typical delivery within 24-48 hours and high fill rates;
•
A deep commitment to trades education and partnering with organizations that provide training and career 
opportunities to attract more people to the construction industry and alleviate labor shortages; and
•
Expanding our solutions and offerings to our end-market customers in the residential, commercial, OEM, component 
manufacturer, and national retail areas.
Products and Services
Historically, the Company’s product lines have encompassed connectors, anchors, fasteners, lateral-force resisting systems, and 
truss plates, as well as repair and strengthening product lines for the industrial and transportation markets. See “Item 7 — 
5

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and “Note 19 — Segment 
Information” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for financial information regarding revenues by product 
category. The Company has established a presence in Europe through acquisition of companies with existing customer bases 
and through servicing U.S.-based customers operating in Europe. The Company also distributes connector, anchor, and 
adhesive products in Canada, Mexico, Chile, Australia, and New Zealand. Additionally, with the acquisition of ETANCO, the 
Company expanded its product portfolio to include commercial building envelope solutions and significantly increased its 
market presence across Europe.
Many of the Company’s products are code-listed and approved by building code evaluation agencies. To achieve these 
approvals, the Company conducts extensive product testing, which is witnessed and certified by independent testing 
laboratories. These tests also provide the basis of load ratings for the Company’s structural products. This test and load 
information is used by architects, engineers, contractors, building officials, and homeowners in selecting our products and 
comparing them to those of competitors, and is useful across all applications of the Company’s products, ranging from the 
wood deck constructed by a homeowner to a multi-story steel structure designed by an architect or engineer.
Structural Products for Wood Construction. The Company produces and markets over 15,000 standard and custom products for 
wood construction applications. These products are used primarily to strengthen, support and connect wood applications in 
residential and commercial construction and do-it-yourself (“DIY”) projects. The Company’s wood construction products 
contribute to structural integrity and resistance to seismic, wind and gravitational forces. As described below, the Company’s 
wood construction products include: 
•
Connectors - Connectors are prefabricated metal products designed to join wood, concrete, masonry or steel together 
and are essential for tying wood construction elements together and create safer and stronger buildings. Included in 
this category are connectors, holddowns, and truss connector plates.
•
Fasteners - The fastening line includes variety of nails, screws and staples, which are complemented by the Company's 
multiple screw fastening systems, which are used exclusively in numerous applications such as building envelope 
applications, decking, subfloors, drywall and roofing; and
•
Lateral-Force Resisting Systems - Lateral-force resisting systems are assemblies used to resist earthquake or wind 
forces and include pre-fabricated steel and wood shearwalls, Anchor Tiedown Systems (ATS), and Yield-Link 
connections for steel moment and braced frames. 
Structural Products for Concrete Construction. The Company produces and markets over 3,000 standard and custom products 
for concrete construction applications. These products are composed of various materials including steel, chemicals and carbon 
fiber. They are used primarily to anchor, protect and strengthen concrete, brick and masonry applications in industrial, 
infrastructure, residential, commercial and DIY projects. The Company’s product solutions for concrete construction 
applications contribute to structural integrity and resistance to seismic, wind and gravitational forces. These products are sold in 
all segments of the Company. As described below, the Company’s concrete construction products include: 
•
Anchor Products - Anchor products include adhesives, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, and powder-actuated 
pins and tools used for numerous applications of anchoring or attaching elements onto concrete, brick, masonry and 
steel; and 
•
Repair, Protection and Strengthening Products - Concrete construction repair, protection and strengthening products 
include grouts, coatings, sealers, mortars, fiberglass and fiber-reinforced polymer systems and asphalt products. 
Engineering and Design Services. The Company’s engineers not only design and test products, but also provide customers with 
engineering support for a number of products manufactured and sold by the Company. This support might range from the 
discussion of a load value in a catalog to testing the suitability of an existing product in a unique application. For the truss 
product line, the Company’s engineers review the output of the Company’s software to assist customers in ensuring that trusses 
are properly designed and specified, and in some instances seal design diagrams. Generally, in connection with any engineering 
services the Company provides, the Company’s engineers serve as a point of reference and support for the customer’s engineers 
and other design and construction professionals, who ultimately determine and are responsible for the engineering approach and 
design loads for any project.
The growth of the Company’s business as well as many of its current growth initiatives have been and are currently facilitated 
by its current technology and software solutions, as well as its ongoing digital development initiatives. The Company has an 
ever-growing suite of advanced technology tools, including software, to improve operational efficiencies in the building 
industry. The Company’s early software solutions started by supporting engineers and designers with product selection and 
specification applications as well as estimating solutions for builders and retailers. The Company strategically expanded its 
software offerings to enhance collaboration with building industry partners in an effort to streamline workflows, reduce labor 
6

time and costs, improve accuracy, support scalability, and increase its profitability. The Company has grown its software 
solutions to support the growth of many customer groups, such as component manufacturers, builders and lumber yards. The 
Company has also introduced software applications for the DIY and repair and remodel markets. Whether focusing on 
residential, commercial, or outdoor structures, the Company’s technology and digital solutions are designed to solve challenges, 
simplify tasks and provide cost-effective product and design recommendations that ultimately enhance customer efficiency and 
business success. The Company’s customer-facing software and other technology solutions are anticipated to expand over time 
to address the growing needs of its end-markets to become a larger portion of the Company’s overall value-added offerings.
Distribution Channels and Markets
The Company seeks to expand existing and identify new distributions channels in the markets it serves and expand into new 
adjacent markets. Presently, the Company primarily serves in three geographic markets, which are also its operating segments, 
consisting of the North America, Europe and Asia/Pacific segments. The North America segment includes operations primarily 
in the U.S. and Canada. The Europe segment includes operations primarily in France, the United Kingdom, Germany, 
Denmark, Switzerland, Portugal, Poland, The Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden, Norway, and Italy. The Asia/Pacific 
segment includes operations primarily in Australia, New Zealand, China, Taiwan, and Vietnam. These segments are similar in 
several ways, including similarities in the products manufactured and distributed, the types of materials used, the production 
processes, the distribution channels and the product applications.
The Company sells its products through multiple channels, including the following:
•
Dealers. The Company intends to increase penetration of the residential market by expanding to markets in which it 
sells products directly to lumber dealers and cooperatives. The Company's sales force maintains ongoing contact with 
these customers and supports the inventory levels, resets, and displays. 
•
Home Centers. The Company intends to increase penetration of the DIY and contractor customer markets by 
continuing to expand its product offerings through home centers. The Company’s sales force maintains ongoing 
contact with home centers to work with them in a broad range of areas, including inventory levels, retail display 
maintenance and product knowledge training. The Company’s strategy is to ensure that the home center retail stores 
are fully stocked with adequate supplies of the Company’s products carried by those stores. The Company has further 
developed extensive bar coding and merchandising aids and has devoted a portion of its research and development 
efforts to DIY products. The Company’s sales to home centers increased year-over-year in 2024, 2023 and 2022. 
•
Wood Component Manufacturers. The Company works directly with wood component manufacturer customers. The 
Company continues to develop its software solutions, equipment offerings, and provide better technology solutions 
increasing its truss connector plate sales as well as other Simpson Strong-Tie core products sales within the component 
industry.
•
OEM Relationships. The Company works closely with manufacturers of engineered wood, composite laminated timber 
and OEMs for off-site construction to develop and expand the application and sales of its engineered wood connector, 
fastener, anchor, and truss products. The Company has relationships with many of the leaders in these industries. The 
Company also intends to expand opportunities with other OEMs where its products complement their offerings. 
•
Distributors. The Company regularly evaluates its distribution coverage and the service level provided by its 
distributors, and from time to time implement changes. The Company evaluates distributors' product mix and conducts 
promotion to encourage them to add the Company's products that complement the mix of their product offerings in 
their markets.
•
Contractors. In some markets, the Company sells to a wide range of end customers (contractors) mainly through direct 
sales.
New Products
In order to innovate, advance and diversify our product offerings, the Company commits substantial resources to new product 
development. The majority of our products have been developed through its internal research and development team. The 
Company believes it is the only U.S. manufacturer with the capability to internally test multi-story wall systems, thus enabling 
full scale testing rather than analysis alone to prove system performance. The Company’s engineering, sales, product 
management, and marketing teams work together with architects, engineers, building inspectors, code officials, builders and 
customers in the new product development process.
The Company’s product research and development is based largely on products or solutions that are identified within the 
Company, feedback or requests from customers for new or specialty products or in connection with the Company’s strategic 
initiatives to expand into new markets and/or develop new product lines. The Company’s strategy is to develop new products 
on a proprietary basis, to seek patents when appropriate, and to rely on trade secret protection for others. Depending on 
availability and circumstances, the Company will acquire products or solutions meeting our strategic initiatives.
7

Since at least 2006, the Company generally develops 45 to 70 new products each year. In 2024, through our research and 
development efforts, the Company developed over 65 new products expanding its product offerings by adding:
•
new connectors and lateral products for wood framing applications;
•
new connectors and fasteners for mass timber and offsite constructions;
•
connections for structural steel construction;
•
new connectors for cold formed steel applications;
•
new fastener products and tools for wood construction;
•
new mechanical and adhesive anchors for concrete and masonry construction; and
•
new repair and strengthening systems for concrete and masonry applications.
By executing on its research and development strategy, the Company intends to continue to expand its product offerings.
The Company provides expertise and resources to offer software solutions and services to builders and lumber building material 
dealers, and supports efforts to further develop integrated software component solutions for the building industry. The 
Company also continues to focus on the development of truss software for the design, modeling, and truss plate selection for its 
integrated component manufacturing customers.
Competition
Simpson is a category creator in the building products space. Its mission is to deliver innovative solutions that help people 
design and build safer, stronger structures. The Company’s products improve the performance and integrity of the structures 
they are installed in, helping to make those structures more resilient and sustainable, and often helping to save lives in times of 
natural disasters and catastrophes.
Currently, in the U.S. 26 of the top 30 builders (based on number of housing starts per year) are engaged in our builder 
program. 
The Company encounters a variety of competitors that vary by product line, end market, and geographic area. The Company's 
competitors include many regional or specialized companies, as well as large U.S. and non-U.S. companies or divisions of large 
companies. While we do not believe that any single company competes with us across all of our product lines and distribution 
channels, certain companies compete in one or more product categories and/or distribution channels.
Since 1956, through the Simpson Strong-Tie® brand, the Company has led the industry in the wood connectors products space 
and a growing presence in both the concrete and fastener markets in the U.S. and Europe. The Company has successfully 
increased its market share over the years through:
•
designing and marketing end-to-end construction product systems;
•
product availability with delivery in typically 24 hours to 48 hours; 
•
strong customer support and education for engineers, builders, contractors and building officials;
•
extensive product testing capabilities at our state-of-the-art test lab;
•
strong relationships with engineers that get our products specified on the blueprint and pulled through to the job site; 
and 
•
active involvement with code officials to improve building codes and construction practices.
The Company believes these value-added services are competitive differentiators and provides the Company with a competitive 
advantage, helping it to achieve industry-leading margins, strong brand recognition and a trusted reputation. The Company also 
provides engineering services in support of some of our products and increasingly offer design and other software that 
facilitates the specification, selection and use of our products. The Company is also investing in software technology, such as 
3D visualization software tools, truss design and specification software, Artificial Intelligence ("AI"), and construction-related 
software, in order to drive increased specification and use of our building material products with engineers, truss component 
manufacturers, builders, lumber dealers, and homeowners as well as to support our customers with additional solutions and 
services.
In an effort to help mitigate exposure to the cyclicality of the U.S. housing market as well as to respond to the needs of our 
customers, the Company has made investments over the years in adjacent products such as anchors, fasteners, and software 
solutions and expanded operations internationally into Europe. As a result, the Company is less dependent on U.S. housing 
starts, though they are still a leading indicator for a significant portion of the business.
8

Resources
Raw Materials
The principal raw material used by the Company is steel, including stainless steel. The Company also uses materials such as 
carbon fiber, fiberglass, mortars, grouts, epoxies and acrylics in the manufacture of its chemical anchoring and reinforcing 
products. The Company purchases raw materials from a variety of commercial sources. The Company’s practice is to seek cost 
savings and enhanced quality by developing business relationships with and purchasing from a limited number of suppliers.
The Company purchases steel at market prices, which fluctuate as a result of supply and demand driven by prevailing economic 
conditions in the marketplace. The steel industry is highly cyclical and prices for the Company’s raw materials are influenced 
by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control including geopolitical and macroeconomic factors, supply constraints and 
supply chain disruptions, foreign currency fluctuations, import tariffs and duties, and unsettled international trade disputes. The 
steel market continues to be dynamic, with a high degree of uncertainty about future pricing trends. Numerous factors may 
cause steel prices to increase in the future. In addition to increases in steel prices, steel mills may impose surcharges for zinc, 
energy and freight in response to their rising costs. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors” and “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The Company historically has not attempted to hedge against 
changes in prices of steel or other raw materials. However, the Company may purchase and carry more steel or other raw 
materials in inventory to meet projected sales demand in a tight raw materials market.
Patents, Trademarks and Intellectual Property 
Generally, the Company seeks statutory protection for strategic or financially important intellectual property developed in 
connection with its business. Certain intellectual property, where appropriate, is protected by contracts, licenses, confidentiality 
or other agreements. From time to time, the Company takes action to protect its businesses by asserting its intellectual property 
rights against third-party infringers.
The Company’s trademarks are registered or otherwise legally protected in the U.S. and many non-U.S. countries where 
products and services of the Company are sold. The Company may, from time to time, become involved in trademark licensing 
transactions. Most works of authorship produced for the Company, such as computer programs, catalogs and sales literature, 
carry appropriate notices indicating the Company's claim to copyright protection under U.S. law and appropriate international 
treaties.
The Company has U.S. and foreign patents, the majority of which cover products that the Company currently manufactures and 
markets. These patents, and applications for new and continuation patents, cover various design aspects of the Company’s 
products, as well as processes used in their manufacture. The Company continues to develop new potentially patentable 
products, product enhancements and product designs as well as acquire patented products. The Company also seeks 
continuation patents for all pending patents, and it is dedicated to securing patents for any new developments. Although the 
Company does not have plans to apply for additional foreign patents covering existing products, the Company is committed to 
pursuing intellectual property protection for patentable enhancements as appropriate. The Company has developed an 
international patent program to protect any innovative new product that it may develop, ensuring its competitive advantage is 
safeguarded. In addition to seeking patent protection, the Company relies on unpatented proprietary technology to maintain its 
competitive position. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”
While the Company believes its intellectual property portfolio is important to its business operations and in the aggregate 
constitutes a valuable asset, no single patent, trademark, license or other intellectual property, or group of such intellectual 
property, is critical to the success of the business or any segment.
Seasonality and Cyclicality
Although the Company’s sales have been seasonal and cyclical, with operating results varying from quarter to quarter, as a 
result of our European operations, primarily ETANCO, overall sales are becoming less seasonal. Our sales and income have 
historically been lower in the first and fourth quarters than in the second and third quarters of a fiscal year, as the Company's 
customers tend to purchase construction materials in the late spring and summer months for the construction season. 
Additionally, weather conditions, such as extended cold or wet weather, affecting and sometimes delaying installation of some 
of its products, would negatively affect the Company's results of operations. Operating results vary from quarter to quarter and 
with economic cycles. Although the Company’s sales are also dependent, to a degree, on the U.S. residential home construction 
industry, the North America Segment accounted for approximately 77.8% of our net sales for the fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2024. As noted above, the same efforts to mitigate the Company's reliance on housing starts have also softened 
9

the effects of seasons and adverse weather on the Company's quarterly results. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors” and “Item 7 — 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Human Capital Resources
Successful execution of the Company's strategy is largely dependent on attracting, developing and retaining key employees and 
leaders. The skills, experience, industry knowledge, and contributions of our employees significantly benefit our operations and 
performance. We continuously evaluate, modify, and enhance our internal programs, processes and technologies to increase 
employee engagement, productivity, and efficiency and provide the opportunities, skills, and resources they need to be 
successful. 
As of December 31, 2024, our employees, including those employed by consolidated subsidiaries, by region were 
approximately:
Asia Pacific
 
797 
Europe
 
1,536 
Americas
 
3,539 
 
5,872 
Inclusion and Belonging
Our commitment to inclusion and belonging starts at the top with a highly skilled and diverse board. We strive to have 
employees representing different genders, ages, ethnicities and abilities by implementing thoughtful, customized solutions and 
programs.
As of December 31, 2024, we had the following global gender demographics:
Women
Men
Not Disclosed
All employees
22.0%
70.0%
8.0%
Individual Contributors
23.0%
68.0%
9.0%
Middle Management
20.0%
75.0%
5.0%
Senior Leadership
16.0%
84.0%
—%
As of December 31, 2024, our U.S. employees had the following race and ethnicity demographics:
All U.S. 
Employees
Individual 
Contributors
Middle 
Management
Senior 
Leadership
American Indian or Alaska Native
1.0%
1.0%
—%
—%
Asian
10.0%
10.0%
8.0%
14.0%
Black or African American
9.0%
10.0%
4.0%
3.0%
Hispanic or Latino
19.0%
21.0%
9.0%
—%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
1.0%
1.0%
—%
—%
Two or More Races
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
—%
White
52.0%
48.0%
73.0%
77.0%
Not disclosed
6.0%
7.0%
4.0%
6.0%
10

Talent Development
The Company's commitment to talent development is fundamental to executing our strategy and advancing the development, 
manufacture, and marketing of innovative products and services. The opportunity to grow and develop skills and abilities, 
regardless of job role, division, or geographical location is critical to the success of the Company as a global organization. By 
investing in the Company's employees’ continuous development, we create a culture where every employee can thrive and 
grow. We provide the tools, resources, and opportunities that empower our team to expand their skills, embrace new challenges, 
and drive our organization’s success. We offer comprehensive global leadership development programs that provide leaders 
with the training, tools, and experiences necessary to develop their full leadership potential.
Pay Equity
The Company’s compensation philosophy is to attract, retain, motivate, and differentiate employees through its rewards 
programs. We believe people should be paid for what they do and how they do it, regardless of their gender, race, or other 
personal characteristics, and we are committed to internal pay equity. The Board of Directors, through its Compensation and 
Leadership Development Committee, monitors the relationship between the pay received by our executive officers, and Human 
Resources evaluates the compensation program for executive officers. The Company's Human Resources department, along 
with senior management, evaluates the compensation received by all other employees. The Company's compensation 
philosophy and strategy are strongly aligned with its strategic priorities and its vision for shareholder value creation.
In addition to financial compensation, the Company offers a comprehensive health and wellness package to its employees 
which is designed to provide a range of options that can be personalized to suit their individual and/or family needs. As part of 
an ongoing commitment to attract, retain, and inspire our workforce in the United States, the Company provides remote and 
flexible work options for positions that support this approach. The Company regularly engages with its partners and benefits 
consultants to ensure its health and wellness package evolves to meet the needs of our diverse workforce both now and in the 
future.
Workplace Safety and Health
A vital part of our business is providing our workforce with a safe, healthy and sustainable working environment. Our 
Environmental, Health and Safety program focuses on implementing change through employee observation feedback channels 
to recognize risk and continuously improve our processes, as well as conducting regular risk reviews and self-audits at our 
manufacturing facilities around the world to explore new opportunities to reduce potential employee exposure to occupational 
injuries. Our continuous focus on workplace safety has enabled us to preserve business continuity without sacrificing our 
commitment to keeping our colleagues and workplace visitors safe.
Labor Relations
As of December 31, 2024, approximately 18.4% of the Company’s employees are represented by labor unions and are covered 
by collective bargaining agreements. We have two facility locations with collective bargaining agreements covering tool and 
die craftsmen, maintenance workers, and sheet-metal workers. In Stockton, California, two union contracts will expire in June 
2027 and September 2028, respectively. In Riverside, California, two union contracts will expire on February 28, 2025, which 
is in the process of being renegotiated and in June 2026, respectively. The Company also has two collective bargaining 
agreements in France, one under the Convention collective nationale de la métallurgie and the other under Plasturgie. Based on 
current information and subject to future events and circumstances, we believe that, even if new agreements are not reached 
before the existing labor union contracts expire, it is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to 
provide products to customers or on the Company’s profitability. See “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”
Available Information
The Company's website address is www.simpsonmfg.com. We file or furnish annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy 
statements and other information with the SEC. You may obtain a copy of any of these reports, free of charge, on the 
"Financials - SEC Filling" page of our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after we file such material with, or furnish it 
to the SEC. Printed copies of any of these materials will also be provided free of charge on request.
Through the "Governance" page of our website, it is also possible to access copies of the charters for our Audit and Finance 
Committee, Compensation and Leadership Development Committee, Corporate Strategy and Acquisitions Committee and 
Nominating and ESG Committee, Sustainability Reports, as well as our Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of 
Business Conduct and Ethics. Each of these documents is made available free of charge. We intend to disclose on our website 
any amendment to, or waiver of, any provisions of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that apply to any of our directors, 
executive officers or senior financial officers that would otherwise be required to be disclosed under the rules of the SEC or the 
11

New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE"). The foregoing information regarding our website and its content is for your 
convenience only. The information contained in or connected to our website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference in 
this Annual Report or filed with the SEC. 
In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information 
regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, where you may obtain a copy of all information we file publicly with the 
SEC. The SEC website address is www.sec.gov.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Investing in the Company's common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the following discussion 
of the risks that may affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, as well as our consolidated financial 
statements and notes thereto and the other information appearing in this report, for important information regarding risks that 
affect us. Current global economic events and conditions may amplify many of these risks. These risks are not the only risks 
that may affect us. Additional risks that we are not aware of or do not believe are material at the time of this filing, may also 
become important factors that adversely affect our business.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
Business cycles and uncertainty regarding the housing market, economic conditions, political climate and other factors 
beyond our control could adversely affect demand for our products and services, and our costs of doing business, any of 
which may harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The primary drivers of our North America segment are U.S. housing starts, residential remodeling, and replacement activities. 
Accordingly, our business, financial condition, and results of operations depend significantly on the stability of the housing and 
residential construction and home improvement markets, which are affected by conditions and other factors that are beyond our 
control. These conditions include, but are not limited to:
•
uncertainty about the housing and residential construction and home improvement markets;
•
consumer confidence and spending; 
•
unemployment levels;
•
foreclosure rates;
•
interest rates;
•
raw material, logistics and energy costs;
•
labor and healthcare costs;
•
capital availability, or lack thereof, to builders, developers and consumers;
•
unfavorable weather conditions and natural disasters; and 
•
political or social instability, such as war, or acts of terrorism or other international incidents.
These factors could adversely affect demand for our products and services, and our costs of doing business, our business, 
financial condition, and results of operations may be harmed. Further, many of our customers in the construction industry are 
small and medium-sized businesses that are more likely to be adversely affected by economic downturns than larger, more 
established businesses. Uncertainty about current global economic conditions may cause these consumers to postpone or refrain 
from spending or may cause them to switch to lower-cost alternative products, which could reduce demand for our products and 
materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We have a few large customers, the loss of any one of which could negatively affect our sales and profits.
Our largest customers accounted for a significant portion of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. 
A reduction in, or elimination of, our sales to any of these customers would at least temporarily, and possibly on a longer term 
basis, cause a material reduction in our net sales, income from operations and net income. Such a reduction in or elimination of 
our sales to any of our largest customers would also increase our relative dependence on our remaining large customers.
In addition, our distributor customers and builders have increasingly consolidated over time, which has increased the material 
adverse effect risk of losing any one of them and may increase their bargaining power in negotiations with us. These trends 
could negatively affect our sales and profitability.
Our growth may depend on our ability to develop new products and services and penetrate new markets, which could 
reduce our profitability.
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Our continued growth depends upon our ability to develop additional products, services, and technologies that meet our 
customers’ expectations of our brand and quality and that allow us to enter into new markets. Expansion into new markets and 
the development of new products and services may involve considerable costs and may not generate sufficient revenue to be 
profitable or cover the costs of development. We might not be able to penetrate these product markets and any market 
penetration that occurs might not be timely or profitable. We may be unable to recoup part or all of the investments we make in 
attempting to develop new products and technologies and penetrate new markets. Any of these events could reduce our 
profitability.
Increases in prices of raw materials and energy could negatively affect our sales and profits.
Steel is the principal raw material used in the manufacture of many of our products. The price of steel has historically fluctuated 
on a cyclical basis and has often depended on a variety of factors over which we have no control including geopolitical and 
macroeconomic conditions and currency exchange rates. Import tariffs and/or other mandates also could significantly increase 
the prices on raw materials that are critical to our business, such as steel. The cost of producing our products is also sensitive to 
the price of energy. 
The selling prices of our products have not always increased in response to raw material, energy or other cost increases, and we 
are unable to determine to what extent, if any, we will be able to pass future cost increases through to our customers. Increases 
in prices of raw materials and energy, our inability or unwillingness to pass increased costs through to our customers could 
materially and adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
We face significant competition in the markets we serve and we may not be able to compete successfully.
In order to compete effectively we must continue to develop enhancements to our existing products, new products and services 
on a timely basis that meet changing consumer preferences and successfully develop, manufacture and market these new 
products, product enhancements and services. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in developing and 
marketing new products, product enhancements, additional technologies and services. Many of our competitors are dedicating 
increasing resources to competing with us, especially as our products and services become more affected by technological 
advances and software innovations. Our inability to effectively compete could reduce the sales of our products and services, 
which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Additionally, our ability to compete effectively in North America depends, to a significant extent, on the specification or 
approval of our products by architects, engineers, building inspectors, building code officials and customers and their 
acceptance of our premium brand. If a significant portion of those communities were to decide that the design, materials, 
manufacturing, testing or quality control of our products is inferior to that of any of our competitors or the cost differences 
between our products and any competitors are not justifiable, our sales and profits could be materially reduced.
We depend on third parties for transportation services and the lack of availability of transportation and/or increases in 
cost could materially and adversely affect our business and operations.
Our business depends on the transportation of both our products to our customers and distributors and the transportation of raw 
materials to us. We rely on third parties for transportation services of these items, which services are occasionally in high 
demand (especially at the end of calendar quarters) and/or subject to price fluctuations. Damage or disruption to our supply 
chain, including transportation and distribution capabilities, could impair our ability to manufacture or sell our products. Failure 
to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential impact of disruptions, or to effectively manage such events if they 
occur could adversely affect our business or financial results. 
If the required supply of transportation services is unavailable when needed, our manufacturing processes may be interrupted if 
we are not able to receive raw materials or we may be unable to sell our products at full value, or at all. This could harm our 
reputation, negatively impact our customer relationships and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and 
results of operations. In addition, a material increase in transportation rates or fuel surcharges could have a material adverse 
effect on our profitability.
Expectations relating to environmental, social and governance considerations expose the Company to potential 
liabilities, increased costs, reputational harm and other adverse effects on the Company’s business.
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Many governments, regulators, investors, employees, customers and other stakeholders are increasingly focused on 
environmental, social and governance considerations relating to businesses, including climate change and greenhouse gas 
emissions, human capital and diversity, equity and inclusion. We make statements about our environmental, social and 
governance goals and initiatives through information provided on our website, press statements and other communications, 
including through our Environmental, Social and Governance Report. Responding to these environmental, social and 
governance considerations and implementation of these goals and initiatives involves risks and uncertainties, including those 
described under “Forward-Looking Statements,” requires investments and are impacted by factors that may be outside our 
control. In addition, some stakeholders may disagree with our goals and initiatives and the focus of stakeholders may change 
and evolve over time. Stakeholders also may have very different views on where environmental, social and governance focus 
should be placed, including differing views of regulators in various jurisdictions in which we operate. Any failure, or perceived 
failure, by us to achieve our goals, further our initiatives, adhere to our public statements, comply with federal, state or 
international environmental, social and governance laws and regulations, or meet evolving and varied stakeholder expectations 
and standards could result in legal and regulatory proceedings against us and materially adversely affect our business, 
reputation, results of operations, financial condition and stock price.
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property and Information Technology
We have experienced and may in the future experience delays, outages, cyber-based attacks or security breaches in 
relation to our information systems and computer networks, which have disrupted and may in the future disrupt our 
operations and may result in data corruption. As a result, our profitability, financial condition and reputation could be 
negatively affected. In addition, data privacy statements and laws could subject us to liability.
We depend on information technology networks and systems, including the Internet, to process, transmit and store electronic 
information. We depend on our information technology infrastructure for electronic communications among our locations 
around the world and between our personnel and our subsidiaries, customers and suppliers. We collect and retain large volumes 
of internal and customer, vendor and supplier data, including some personally identifiable information, for business purposes. 
We also maintain personally identifiable information about our employees. The integrity and protection of our customer, 
vendor, supplier, employee and other Company data is critical to our business. The regulatory environment governing 
information, security and privacy laws is increasingly demanding and continues to evolve. Maintaining compliance with 
applicable security and privacy regulations may increase our operating costs or adversely affect our business operations.
Despite the security and maintenance measures we have in place, our facilities and systems, and those of the retailers, dealers, 
licensees and other third-parties with which we do business, we remain vulnerable to security breaches, cyber-attacks, acts of 
vandalism, computer viruses, malware, data corruption, delays, disruptions, programming and/or human errors or other similar 
events, such as those accomplished through fraud, trickery or other forms of deceiving our employees, contractors or other 
agents or representatives and those due to system updates, natural disasters, malicious attacks, accidents, power disruptions, 
telecommunications failures, acts of terrorism or war, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar events. Such 
incidents have occurred, continue to occur, and may occur in the future.
Security breaches of our infrastructure could create system disruptions, shutdowns or unauthorized disclosures of confidential 
information. Despite the security measures we have in place, our facilities and systems, and those of the retailers, dealers, 
licensees and other third parties with which we do business, we may be vulnerable to security breaches, cyber-attacks, acts of 
vandalism, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors or other similar events. Such incidents 
may involve misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure of confidential data, materials or information, including 
those concerning our customers, employees or suppliers, whether by us or by the retailers, dealers, licensees and other third-
party distributors with which we do business, disrupt our operations, result in losses, damage our reputation, and expose us to 
the risks of litigation and liability (including regulatory liability); and may have a material adverse effect on our business, 
results of operations and financial condition.
Our recent efforts to increase our technology offerings and integrate new software and application offerings may prove 
unsuccessful and may affect our future prospects.
In North America the residential construction industry has experienced increased complexity in some home design and builders 
are more aggressively trying to reduce their costs. One of our responses has been to develop and market sophisticated software 
and applications to facilitate the specification, selection and use of our product systems. We have continued to commit 
substantial resources to our software development endeavors in recent years and expect that trend to continue.
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We may not be able to create and further develop commercially successful software and applications. Even if we are able to 
create and develop initially successful ideas, the technology industry is subject to rapid changes. We may not be able to adapt 
quickly enough to keep up with changing demands, and our software may become obsolete.
While we see having a software interface with the construction industry as a potential growth area, we also face competition 
from other companies that are focused solely or primarily on the development of software and applications. These companies 
may have significantly greater expertise and resources to devote to software development, and we may be unable to compete 
with them in that space.
If we cannot protect our intellectual property, we will not be able to compete effectively.
We monitor and protect against activities that might infringe, dilute, or otherwise harm our patents, trademarks and other 
intellectual property and rely on the patent, trademark and other laws of the U.S. and other countries. However, we may be 
unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property without our authorization. To the extent we cannot protect 
our intellectual property, unauthorized use and misuse of our intellectual property could harm our competitive position and have 
a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the laws of some non-U.S. 
jurisdictions provide less protection for our proprietary rights than the laws of the U.S. and we therefore may not be able to 
effectively enforce our intellectual property rights in these jurisdictions. If we are unable to maintain certain exclusive licenses, 
our brand recognition and sales could be adversely impacted. Current employees, contractors and suppliers have, and former 
employees, contractors and suppliers may have, access to trade secrets and confidential information regarding our operations 
which could be disclosed improperly and in breach of contract to our competitors or otherwise used to harm us.
Third parties may also claim that we are infringing upon their intellectual property rights. If we are unable to successfully 
defend or license such alleged infringing intellectual property or if we are required to substitute similar technology from another 
source, our operations could be adversely affected. Even if we believe that such intellectual property claims are without merit, 
defending such claims can be costly, time consuming and require significant resources. Claims of intellectual property 
infringement also might require us to redesign affected products, pay costly damage awards, or face injunctions prohibiting us 
from manufacturing, importing, marketing or selling certain of our products. Even if we have agreements to indemnify us, 
indemnifying parties may be unable or unwilling to do so.
We are subject to cyber security risks and may incur increasing costs in efforts to minimize those risks and to comply 
with regulatory standards.
We employ information technology systems and operate websites which allow for the secure storage and transmission of 
proprietary or confidential information regarding our customers, employees and others. We make significant efforts to secure 
our computer network to mitigate the risk of possible cyber-attacks, including, but not limited to, data breaches, and are 
continuously working to upgrade our existing information technology systems to ensure that we are protected, to the greatest 
extent possible, against cyber risks and security breaches. Despite these efforts security of our computer networks could be 
compromised which could impact operations and confidential information could be misappropriated, which could lead to 
negative publicity, loss of sales and profits or cause us to incur significant costs to reimburse third- parties for damages, which 
could adversely impact profits.
We strive to comply with all applicable laws, policies, legal obligations and industry codes of conduct relating to privacy and 
data protection, to the extent possible. However, we continue to see increasingly complex, rigorous and more stringent state and 
national regulatory standards enacted to protect businesses and personal data, including the General Data Protection Regulation 
(“GDPR”) and the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 ("CCPA"). GDPR is a comprehensive European Union privacy 
and data protection reform, effective in 2018, which applies to companies that are organized in the European Union or 
otherwise provide services to consumers who reside in the European Union, and imposes strict standards regarding the sharing, 
storage, use, disclosure and protection of end user data and significant penalties (monetary and otherwise) for non-compliance. 
The CCPA, which became effective in 2023 established a new privacy framework for covered businesses by, among other 
things, creating an expanded definition of personal information, establishing new data privacy rights for consumers in the State 
of California and creating a new and potentially severe statutory damages framework for violations of the CCPA and for 
businesses that fail to implement reasonable security procedures and practices to prevent data breaches. More recently, on 
November 3, 2020, California enacted the California Privacy Rights Act (the “CPRA”). The CPRA, which went into effect on 
January 1, 2023, expands upon the protections provided by the CCPA, including new limitations on the sale or sharing of 
consumers' personal information, and the creation of a new state agency to enforce the CPRA’s protections. Any failure to 
comply with GDPR, the CCPA, the CPRA, or other state or regulatory standards, could subject the Company to legal and 
reputational risks. Misuse of or failure to secure personal information could also result in violation of data privacy laws and 
15

regulations, proceedings against us by governmental entities or others, damage to our reputation and credibility, and could have 
a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We publicly post our privacy policies and practices concerning our processing, use, and disclosure of personally identifiable 
information on our websites. If we fail to adhere to our privacy policy and other published statements or applicable laws 
concerning our processing, use, transmission and disclosure of protected information, or if our statements or practices are found 
to be deceptive or misrepresentative, we could face regulatory actions, fines and other liability.
We rely on complex software systems and hosted applications to operate our business, and our business may be 
disrupted if we are unable to successfully and efficiently update these systems or convert to new systems.
We are increasingly dependent on technology systems to operate our business, reduce costs, and enhance customer service. 
These systems include complex software systems and hosted applications that are provided by third parties such as financial 
management and human capital management platforms from SAP America, Inc. and Workday, Inc. Software systems need to 
be updated on a regular basis with patches, bug fixes and other modifications. Hosted applications are subject to service 
availability and reliability of hosting environments. We also migrate from legacy systems to new systems from time to time. 
Maintaining existing software systems, implementing upgrades and converting to new systems are costly and require a 
significant allocation of personnel and other resources. The implementation of these systems upgrades and conversions is a 
complex and time-consuming project involving substantial expenditures for implementation activities, consultants, system 
hardware and software, often requires transforming our current business and financial processes to conform to new systems, 
and therefore, may take longer, be more disruptive, and cost more than forecast and may not be successful. If the 
implementation is delayed or otherwise is not successful, it may hinder our business operations and negatively affect our 
financial condition and results of operations. There are many factors that may materially and adversely affect the schedule, cost, 
and execution of the implementation process, including, without limitation, problems during the design and testing phases of 
new systems; system delays and malfunctions; the deviation by suppliers and contractors from the required performance under 
their contracts with us; the diversion of management attention from our daily operations to the implementation project; reworks 
due to unanticipated changes in business processes; difficulty in training employees in the operation of new systems and 
maintaining internal control while converting from legacy systems to new systems; and integration with our existing systems. 
Some of such factors may not be reasonably anticipated or may be beyond our control.
Some of our agreements for software and software-as-services products have limited terms, and we may be unable to 
renew such agreements and may lose access to such products.
We have various agreements with a number of third parties that provide software and software-as-a-service products to us. 
These agreements often require reoccurring payments for online access to the products and have limited terms. In the future, we 
will be required to renegotiate the terms of these agreements, and may be unable to renew such agreements on favorable terms. 
If any such agreement cannot be renewed or can only be renewed on terms that are materially worse for us, we may be unable 
to access the applicable software, and our business and operating results may be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our International Operations
International operations and our financial results in those markets may be affected by legal, regulatory, political, 
currency exchange and other economic risks.
During 2024, revenue from sales outside of the U.S. was $591.5 million, representing approximately 26.5% of consolidated 
sales. In addition, a portion of our manufacturing and production operations are located outside the U.S. As a result, our 
business is subject to risks and uncertainties associated with international operations, including:
•
difficulties and costs associated with complying with a wide variety of complex and changing laws, including 
securities laws, tax laws, employment and pension-related laws, competition laws, U.S. and foreign export and trading 
laws, and laws governing improper business practices, treaties and regulations;
•
limitations on our ability to enforce legal rights and remedies;
•
adverse domestic or international economic and political conditions, business interruption, war and civil disturbance;
•
changes to tax, currency, or other laws or policies that may adversely impact our ability to repatriate cash from non-
U.S. subsidiaries, make cross-border investments, or engage in other intercompany transactions; 
•
potential future or existing regulatory guidance and interpretations of the tax legislation, as well as any associated 
assumptions that the Company makes related to the change;
•
changes to tariffs or other import or export restrictions, penalties or sanctions, including modification or elimination of 
international agreements covering trade or investment;
16

•
costs and availability of shipping and transportation;
•
nationalization or forced relocation of properties by foreign governments;
•
currency exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies; and
•
uncertainty with respect to any potential changes to laws, regulations and policies that could exacerbate the risks 
described above.
All of these factors could result in increased costs or decreased revenues and could materially and adversely affect our sales, 
financial condition, and results of operations. Additionally, international construction standards, techniques and methods differ 
from those in the U.S. and as a result, we may need to redesign our products, or design new products, to compete effectively 
and profitably in international markets. 
In addition, we operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption and we could be adversely 
affected by violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") and similar worldwide anti-corruption laws. The FCPA 
and similar anti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making 
improper payments to officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Although we mandate compliance with these 
anti-corruption laws, we cannot provide assurance that these measures will necessarily prevent violations of these laws by our 
employees or agents. If we were found to be liable for violations of anti-corruption laws, we could be liable for criminal or civil 
penalties or other sanctions, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of 
operations.
If significant tariffs or other restrictions are placed on our imports or any related counter-measures are taken by other 
countries, our costs of doing business, revenue and results of operations may be negatively impacted.
If significant tariffs or other restrictions are placed on Chinese or other imports or any related countermeasures are taken by 
China or other countries, our costs of doing business, revenue and results of operations may be materially harmed. If duties are 
imposed on our imports, we may be required to raise our prices, which may result in the loss of customers and harm our 
operating performance. Alternatively, we may seek to shift production outside of China, resulting in diversion of management's 
attention, significant costs and disruption to our operations as we would need to pursue the time-consuming processes of 
establishing a new supply chain, identifying substitute components and establishing new manufacturing locations.
Failure to comply with export, import, and sanctions laws and regulations could materially and adversely affect us.
We are subject to a number of export, import and economic sanction regulations, including the International Traffic in Arms 
Regulations (“ITAR”), the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”) and U.S. sanction regulations administered by the U.S. 
Department of Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets (“OFAC”). Foreign governments where we have operations also implement 
export, import and sanction laws and regulations, some of which may be inconsistent or conflict with ITAR and EAR. Where 
we face such inconsistencies, it may be impossible for us to comply with all applicable regulations.
If we do not obtain all necessary import and export licenses required by applicable export and import regulations, including 
ITAR and EAR, or do business with sanctioned countries or individuals, we may be subject to fines, penalties and other 
regulatory action by governmental authorities, including, among other things, having our export or import privileges suspended. 
Even if our policies and procedures for exports, imports and sanction regulations comply, but our employees fail or neglect to 
follow them in all respects, we might incur similar liability.
Any changes in applicable export, import or sanction laws or regulations or any legal or regulatory violations could materially 
and adversely affect our business and financial condition.
Our manufacturing facilities in China complicate our supply and inventory management.
We maintain manufacturing capability in various parts of the world, including Jiangsu, China, in part to allow us to serve our 
customers with prompt delivery of needed products. In recent years, we have significantly expanded our manufacturing 
capabilities in China. Substantially all of our manufacturing output in China was and is currently intended for export to other 
parts of the world. Any halting or disruption to our operations at or near our Jiangsu, China manufacturing facility could 
substantially interfere with our general commercial activity related to our supply chain and customer base, which could have a 
material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, business or prospects. In such event, we may need to 
seek alternative sources of supply for products for our customers, which may increase the costs to manufacture and deliver our 
products.
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We are subject to U.S. and international tax laws that could affect our financial results.
We generally conduct international operations through our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Our income tax liabilities in the different 
countries where we operate depend in part on internal settlement prices and administrative charges among us and our 
subsidiaries. These arrangements require us to make judgments with which tax authorities may disagree. Tax authorities may 
impose additional tariffs, duties, taxes, penalties and interest on us. Transactions that we have arranged in light of current tax 
rules could have material and adverse consequences if tax rules change, and changes in tax rules or imposition of any new or 
increased tariffs, duties and taxes could materially and adversely affect our sales, profits and financial condition.
Tax laws are dynamic and subject to change as new laws are passed and new interpretations are issued or applied. If the U.S. or 
other foreign tax authorities change applicable tax laws, our overall taxes could increase, and our business, financial condition 
or results of operations may be adversely impacted.
Significant judgment and certain estimates are required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. 
Future tax law changes may materially increase the Company’s prospective income tax expense.
We are subject to income taxation in the U.S. as well as numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in 
determining our worldwide income tax provision and, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax 
determination is uncertain. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the 
amounts recorded in our financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which 
such determination is made.
Increases in income tax rates, changes in income tax laws or disagreements with tax authorities could adversely affect 
our financial performance.
Increases in income tax rates or other changes in tax laws, including changes in how existing tax laws are interpreted or 
enforced, could adversely affect our financial performance. For example, economic and political conditions in countries where 
we are subject to taxes, including the United States, have in the past and could continue to result in significant changes in tax 
legislation or regulation. For example, numerous countries have agreed to a statement in support of the Organization for 
Economic Co-operation and Development model (OECD) rules that propose a partial global profit reallocation and a global 
minimum tax rate of 15.0%. Numerous countries, including European Union member states, have already enacted legislation 
incorporating the global minimum tax with effect and widespread implementation of a global minimum tax is expected by 
2025. While we are subject to Pillar II, the enacted legislative changes to date did not have a material impact to our overall 
operations. As the legislation becomes effective in other countries in which we do business, our taxes could increase and 
negatively impact our provision for income taxes. As the legislation continues to become effective in countries in which we do 
business, our taxes could increase and negatively impact our provision for income taxes. This increasingly complex global tax 
environment could increase tax uncertainty, which could in turn result in higher compliance costs and adverse effects on our 
financial performance. We are also subject to regular reviews, examinations and audits by numerous taxing authorities with 
respect to income and non-income based taxes. Economic and political pressures to increase tax revenues in jurisdictions in 
which we operate, or the adoption of new or reformed tax legislation or regulation, also could make resolving any tax disputes 
more difficult and the final resolution of any tax audits could have an adverse effect on our financial performance.
We are a global company with significant revenues and earnings generated internationally, which exposes us to the 
impact of foreign currency fluctuations, as well as political and economic risks.
Sales outside of the U.S. accounted for 26.5% of our consolidated net sales and a portion of our earnings in 2024. We anticipate 
that sales and earnings from international operations will continue to represent a portion of our net sales and earnings in the 
future. In addition, many of our manufacturing facilities and suppliers are located outside of the U.S. Our foreign operations 
subject us to certain commercial, political and financial risks. Our business in these foreign markets is subject to general 
political conditions, including any political instability (such as those resulting from war, terrorism and insurrections) and 
general economic conditions in these markets, such as inflation, deflation, interest rate volatility and credit availability. 
Additionally, a number of factors, including U.S. relations with the governments of the foreign countries in which we operate, 
changes to international trade agreements and treaties, increases in trade protectionism, or the weakening or loss of certain 
intellectual property protection rights in some countries, may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. 
Foreign regulatory requirements, including those related to the testing, authorization, and labeling of products and import or 
export licensing requirements, could affect the availability of our products in these markets.
In addition to risks associated with general political conditions, our international operations are subject to fluctuations in foreign 
currency exchange rates The functional currency for most of our foreign operations is the applicable local currency. As a result, 
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates affect the results of our operations and the value of our foreign assets and 
18

liabilities, which in turn may adversely affect results of operations and cash flows and the comparability of period-to-period 
results of operations. Foreign governmental policies and actions regarding currency valuation could result in actions by the 
United States and other countries to offset the effects of such fluctuations. Given the unpredictability and volatility of foreign 
currency exchange rates, ongoing or unusual volatility may adversely impact our business and financial conditions. 
Global and Economic Risks
Changes in the global economic environment, inflation, elevated interest rates, recessions or prolonged periods of slow 
economic growth, and global instability and actual and threatened geopolitical conflict, could continue to adversely 
affect our operations.
Overall economic conditions in the U.S. and globally, including in Europe, including adverse factors such as heightened 
inflation, capital market volatility, rising or sustained high interest rates, currency rate fluctuations, and economic slowdown or 
recession, may result in unfavorable conditions that could negatively affect demand for our products due to customers 
decreasing their inventories in the near-term or long-term, reduction in sales due to raw material shortages, reduction in 
research and development efforts, our inability to sufficiently hedge our currency and raw material costs, insolvency of 
suppliers and customers and exacerbate some of the other risks that affect our business, financial condition and results of 
operations. Periods of economic downturn or continued uncertainty could result in difficulty increasing or maintaining our level 
of sales or profitability and we may experience an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and 
cash flows.
The impact of public health crises, could have a significant effect on supply and/or demand for our products and 
services and have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Global pandemics, such as COVID-19, or other public health crises may adversely affect, among other things, our supply chain 
and associated costs; demand for our products and services; our operations and sales, marketing and distribution efforts; our 
research and development capabilities; our engineering, design, and manufacturing processes; and other important business 
activities. These events could result in significant losses, adversely affect our competitive position, increase our costs, require 
substantial expenditures and recovery time, make it difficult or impossible to provide services or deliver products to our 
customers or to receive components from our suppliers, create delays and inefficiencies in our supply chain and result in the 
need to impose employee travel restrictions. Our operations and those of our suppliers and distributors could be adversely 
affected if manufacturing, logistics, or other operations in key locations, are disrupted for any reason, such as those described 
above or other economic, business, labor, environmental, public health, regulatory or political reasons. In addition, even if our 
operations are unaffected or recover quickly, if our customers cannot timely resume their own operations, they may reduce or 
cancel their orders, or these events could otherwise result in a decrease in demand for our products.
Changes in government and industry regulatory standards pertaining to health and safety and various political factors 
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and the measures taken in response to such events have in the past 
negatively impacted, and may again in the future negatively impact, our operations and workforce, as well as those of our 
partners, customers and suppliers. Additionally, concerns over the economic impact of such events have, from time to time, 
caused increased volatility in financial and other capital markets. The negative impacts of any such events on business 
operations and demand for our offerings will depend on future developments and actions taken in response to such events, 
which may be outside our control, highly uncertain, and cannot be predicted at this time. Political factors that could impact us 
include, but are not limited to, changes to tax laws and regulations resulting in increased income tax liability, changes in 
administration resulting in increased or newly imposed tariffs, increased regulation, limitations on exports of energy and raw 
materials, and trade remedies. Actions taken by the U.S. government could affect our results of operations, cash flows and 
liquidity.
Risks Related to Seasonality and Weather Conditions
Seasonality and weather-related conditions may have a significant impact on our financial condition from period to 
period.
The demand for our products and services is heavily correlated to both seasonal changes, with operating results varying from 
quarter to quarter, and unpredictable weather patterns. Our sales and income have historically been lower in the first and fourth 
quarters than in the second and third quarters, as customers tend to purchase construction materials in the late spring and 
summer months for the construction season. In addition, weather conditions, such as unseasonably warm, cold or wet weather, 
which affect, and sometimes delay or accelerate installation of some of our products, may significantly affect our results of 
19

operations. Sales that we anticipate in one quarter may occur in another quarter, affecting both quarters’ results and potentially 
our stock price.
In addition, we typically ship orders as we receive them and maintain inventory levels to allow us to operate with minimum 
backlog. The efficiency of our inventory system, and our ability to avoid backlogs and potential loss of customers, is closely 
tied to our ability to accurately predict seasonal and quarterly variances. Further, our planned expenditures are also based 
primarily on sales forecasts. When sales do not meet our expectations, our operating results will be reduced for the relevant 
quarters, as we will have already incurred expenses based on those expectations. This could result in a material decline in our 
stock price.
Climate change, drought, weather conditions and storm activity could have a material adverse impact on our results of 
operations.
In North America, weather conditions and the level of severe storms can have a significant impact on the markets for residential 
construction and home improvement. As a result, climate change that results in altered weather conditions or storm activity 
could have a significant impact on our business by:
•
depressing or reversing economic development;
•
reducing the demand for construction;
•
increasing the cost and reducing the availability of wood products used in construction;
•
increasing the cost and reducing the availability of raw materials and energy;
•
increasing the cost and reducing the availability of insurance covering damage from natural disasters; and
•
lead to new laws and regulations that increase our expenses and reduce our sales.
Generally, any weather conditions that slow or limit residential or construction activity can adversely impact demand for our 
products and services.
Lower demand for our products or services as a result of this scenario could adversely impact our business, financial condition 
and results of operations. Additionally, severely low temperatures may lead to significant and immediate spikes in costs of 
natural gas, electricity and other commodities that could negatively affect our results of operation.
Natural disasters or other catastrophes could decrease our manufacturing capacity or harm our business and financial 
condition.
Some of our manufacturing facilities are located in geographic regions that have experienced, or may experience in the future, 
major natural disasters and other catastrophes, such as fires, earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. Our disaster recovery plan may 
not be adequate or effective to respond in such events. Further, although we maintain various form and levels of insurance to 
protect us against potential loss exposures, the scope of our available insurance coverage may not be adequate to protect us 
against all potential risks. For example, we do not carry earthquake insurance and other insurance that we carry is limited in the 
risks covered and the amount of coverage. Our insurance may not be adequate to cover all of our resulting costs, business 
interruption and lost profits when a major natural disaster or catastrophe occurs. A natural disaster rendering one or more of our 
manufacturing facilities totally or partially inoperable, whether or not covered by insurance, would materially and adversely 
affect our business and financial condition.
Risks Related to Product, Services and Sales Risks
Product liability claims and litigation could affect our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations and 
cash flows.
In the ordinary course of business, the products that we design and/or manufacture, and/or the services we provide, have led to 
product liability claims or other legal claims being filed against us. To the extent that plaintiffs are successful in showing that a 
defect in a product’s design, manufacture or warnings led to personal injury or property damage, or that our provision of 
services resulted in similar injury or damage, we may be subject to claims for damages. Although we are insured for damages 
above a certain amount, we bear the costs and expenses associated with defending claims, including frivolous lawsuits, and are 
responsible for damages up to the insurance retention amount. The insurance that we carry is limited in the amount of coverage 
and may not be adequate to cover all of our resulting costs, business interruption and lost profits if we are subject to product 
liability claims. We might also face increases in premiums and reductions in the availability of insurance covering product 
liability, which could have a significant impact on our business. In addition to claims concerning individual products, as a 
manufacturer, we can be subject to costs, potential negative publicity and lawsuits related to product recalls, which could 
adversely impact our results of operations and damage our reputation.
20

Design defects, labeling defects, product formula defects, inaccurate chemical mixes, product recalls and/or product 
liability claims could harm our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations.
Many of our products are integral to the structural soundness or safety of the structures in which they are used and we have on 
occasion found flaws and deficiencies in the design, manufacturing, assembling, labeling, product formulations, chemical mixes 
or testing of our products. We also have on occasion found flaws and deficiencies in raw materials and finished goods produced 
by others and used with or incorporated into our products. Some flaws and deficiencies have not been apparent until after the 
products were installed or used by customers.
If any flaws or deficiencies exist in our products and if such flaws or deficiencies are not discovered and corrected before our 
products are incorporated into structures, the structures could be unsafe or could suffer severe damage, such as collapse or fire, 
and personal injury or death could result. To the extent that such damage or injury is not covered by our product liability 
insurance and we are held to be liable, we could be required to correct such damage and to compensate persons who might have 
suffered injury or death, and our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be 
materially and adversely affected.
As a result of the nature of many of our products and their use in construction projects, claims (including product warranty 
claims and claims resulting from a natural disaster) may be made against us with regard to damage or destruction of structures 
incorporating our products whether or not our products failed. Any such claims, if asserted, could require us to expend material 
time and efforts defending the claim and may materially and adversely affect our business, reputation, financial condition and 
results of operations. Costs associated with resolving such claims (such as repair or replacement of the affected parts) could be 
material and may exceed any amounts reserved in our consolidated financial statements.
While we generally attempt to limit our contractual liability and our exposure to price or expense increases, we may 
have uncapped liabilities or significant exposure under some contracts, and could suffer material losses under such 
contracts.
We enter into many types of contracts with our customers, suppliers and other third parties, including in connection with our 
expansion into new markets and new product lines. Under some of these contracts, our overall liability may not be limited to a 
specified maximum amount or we may have significant potential exposure to price or expense increases. If we receive claims 
under these contracts or experience significant price increases or comparable expense increases, we may incur liabilities 
significantly in excess of the revenues associated with such contracts, which could have a material adverse effect on our results 
of operations.
Some of our technology offerings provide planning and design functions to customers, and we are involved both in 
product sales and engineering services. Any software errors or deficiencies or failures in our engineering services could 
have material adverse effects on our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our planning/design software applications facilitate the creation by customers of complex construction and building designs 
and is extremely complex. If our software applications contain defects or errors, our engineers prepare, approve or seal 
drawings that contain defects or we are otherwise involved in any design or construction that contains flaws, regardless of 
whether we caused such flaws, we may be required to correct deficiencies and may become involved in litigation. Further, if 
any damage or injury is not covered by our insurance and we are held to be liable, we could be required to correct such damage 
and to compensate persons who might have suffered injury, and our business, reputation, financial condition, results of 
operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
Risks Related to Human Capital
We depend on executives and other key employees, the loss of whom could harm our business.
We depend, in part, on the efforts and skills of our executives and other key employees, including members of our sales force. 
Our executives and key employees are experienced and highly qualified. The loss of any of our executive officers or other key 
employees could harm the business and the Company’s ability to timely achieve its strategic initiatives. Our success also 
depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire and retain our key personnel. We face strong competition for such personnel and 
may not be able to attract or retain such personnel. In addition, when we experience periods with little or no profits, a decrease 
in compensation based on our profits may make it difficult to attract and retain highly qualified personnel. We may not be able 
to attract and retain key personnel or may incur significant costs to do so.
21

Our work force could become increasingly unionized in the future and our unionized or union-free work force could 
strike, which could adversely affect the stability of our production and reduce our profitability.
A significant number of our employees are represented by labor unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements that 
will expire between 2025 and 2028. Generally, collective bargaining agreements that expire may be terminated after notice by 
the union. After termination, the union may authorize a strike similar to the strike which was initiated at our Stockton facility in 
the third quarter of 2019. Although we believe that our relations with our employees are generally good, no assurance can be 
given that we will be able to successfully extend or renegotiate our collective bargaining agreements as they expire. If we fail to 
extend or renegotiate our collective bargaining agreements, if disputes with our unions arise, or if the workers covered by one 
or more of the collective bargaining agreements engage in a strike, lockout, or other work stoppage, we could have a material 
adverse effect on production at one or more of our facilities, incur higher labor costs, and, depending upon the length of such 
dispute or work stoppage, on our business, results of operations, financial position and liquidity.
Capital Expenditures, Expansions, Acquisitions and Divestitures Risks
Acquisitions, divestitures, and other strategic transactions could fail to achieve financial or strategic objectives, disrupt 
our ongoing business, and adversely impact our results of operations.
In furtherance of our business strategy, we routinely evaluate opportunities and may enter into agreements for possible 
acquisitions, divestitures, or other strategic transactions. A significant portion of our growth has been generated by acquisitions, 
such as the acquisition of ETANCO and we may continue to acquire businesses in the future as part of our growth strategy. 
Furthermore, there is no assurance that any such transaction will result in synergistic benefits. A potential acquisition, 
divestiture, or other strategic transaction may involve a number of risks including, but not limited to:
•
the transaction may not effectively advance our business strategy, and its anticipated benefits may never materialize;
•
integration of an acquired business' accounting, information technology, human resources, and other administrative 
systems may fail to permit effective management and expense reduction;
•
diversion of management’s attention from business operations to integration matters;
•
departure of key personnel from the acquired business;
•
effectively managing entrepreneurial spirit and decision-making;
•
unanticipated costs and exposure to unforeseen liabilities; and
•
impairment of assets.
As a result, if we fail to evaluate and execute these transactions properly, we might not achieve the anticipated benefits of such 
transactions and we may incur costs in excess of what we anticipate. These risks would likely be greater in the case of larger 
transactions.
In addition, future acquisitions may involve issuance of additional equity securities that dilute the value of our existing equity 
securities, increase our debt, cause impairment related to goodwill and cause impairment of, and amortization expenses related 
to, other intangible assets, which could materially and adversely affect our profitability.
Our capital expenditures may not be adequate to maintain our competitive position and may not be implemented in a 
timely or cost-effective manner.
Our capital expenditures are limited by our liquidity and capital resources and the amount we have available for capital 
spending is limited by the need to pay our other expenses and to maintain adequate cash reserves and borrowing capacity to 
meet unexpected demands that may arise. Productivity improvements through process re-engineering, design efficiency and 
manufacturing cost improvements may be required to offset potential increases in labor and raw material costs and competitive 
price pressures. If we are unable to make sufficient capital expenditures, or to maximize the efficiency of the capital 
expenditures we do make, our competitive position may be harmed and we may be unable to manufacture the products 
necessary to compete successfully in our targeted market segments.
Additional financing, if needed, to fund our working capital, growth or other business requirements may not be 
available on reasonable terms, or at all.
If the cash needed for working capital or to fund our growth or other business requirements increases to a level that exceeds the 
amount of cash that we generate from operations and have available through our current credit arrangements, we will need to 
seek additional financing. Additional or new borrowings may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all. Our ability to raise 
money by issuing and selling shares of our common or preferred stock depends on general market conditions and the demand 
22

for our stock. If we sell stock, our existing stockholders could experience substantial dilution. Our inability to secure additional 
financing could prevent the expansion of our business, internally and through acquisitions.
Regulatory Risks
Failure to comply with industry regulations could result in reduced sales and increased costs.
We are subject to environmental laws and regulations governing emissions into the air, discharges into water, and generation, 
handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste materials. We are also subject to other federal and state laws 
and regulations regarding health and safety matters.
Our manufacturing operations involve the use of solvents, chemicals, oils and other materials that are regarded as hazardous or 
toxic. We also use complex and heavy machinery and equipment that can pose severe safety hazards, especially if not properly 
and carefully used. Some of our products also incorporate materials that are hazardous or toxic in some forms, such as:
•
zinc and lead used in some steel galvanizing processes; 
•
chemicals used in our acrylic and epoxy anchoring products, our concrete repair, strengthening and protecting 
products; and
•
gun powder used in our powder-actuated tools, which is explosive.
We have in the past, and may in the future, need to take steps to remedy our failure to properly label, store, transport, use and 
manufacture such toxic and hazardous materials.
If we do not obtain all material licenses and permits required by environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, or 
otherwise fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we may be subject to regulatory action by governmental 
authorities. If our policies and procedures are flawed, or our employees fail or neglect to follow our policies and procedures in 
all respects, we might incur liability. Relevant laws and regulations could change or new ones could be adopted that require us 
to incur substantial expense to comply.
Complying or failing to comply with conflict minerals regulations could materially and adversely affect our supply 
chain, our relationships with customers and suppliers and our financial results.
We are currently subject to conflict mineral disclosure regulations in the U.S. and may be affected by new regulations 
concerning conflict and similar minerals adopted by other jurisdictions where we operate. While we have been successful to 
date in adapting to such regulations, we have and will continue to incur added costs to comply with the disclosure requirements, 
including costs related to determining the source of such minerals used in our products. We may not be able to ascertain the 
origins of such minerals that we use and may not be able to satisfy requests from customers to certify that our products are free 
of conflict minerals. These requirements also could constrain the pool of suppliers from which we source such minerals. We 
may be unable to obtain conflict-free minerals at competitive prices. Such consequences will increase costs and may materially 
and adversely affect our manufacturing operations and profitability.
When we provide engineering services we are subject to various local, state and federal rules and regulations which can 
increase our potential liability.
As part of our product offerings, we may provide engineering and design-related services to our clients. Some of these services 
require us to stamp drawings or otherwise be involved in the engineering process. While we generally attempt to limit our 
liability through our internal processes and through our legal agreements with third parties to which we provide such services, 
under various local, state and federal rules and regulations these limitations may not be effective and we may be held liable for 
engineering failures. Any such liability could materially and adversely affect our profitability.
General Risk Factors
Any issuance of preferred stock may dilute your investment and reduce funds available for dividends.
Our Board of Directors is authorized by our certificate of incorporation to determine the terms of one or more series of 
preferred stock and to authorize the issuance of shares of any such series on such terms as our Board of Directors may approve. 
Any such issuance could be used to impede an acquisition of our business that our Board of Directors does not approve, further 
dilute the equity investments of holders of our common stock and reduce funds available for the payment of dividends to 
holders of our common stock.
23

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws or Delaware law might discourage, 
delay or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may discourage, delay or prevent a 
change in control of our Company or changes in our management that our stockholders may deem advantageous. For example, 
under our charter documents, our stockholders cannot call special meetings and cannot take action by written consent. 
Additionally, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally prohibits a Delaware 
corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “interested” stockholder for a period of 
three years following the date on which the stockholder became an “interested” stockholder and which may discourage, delay or 
prevent a change in control of our company. Delaware law and our corporate governance documents could deter takeover 
attempts that might otherwise be beneficial to our stockholders.
If we were required to write down all or part of our goodwill or other indefinite-lived intangible assets, our results of 
operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected in a particular period.
Declines in the Company’s business may result in an impairment of the Company’s tangible and intangible assets which could 
result in a material non-cash charge. At least annually, or at other times when events occur that could affect the value of such 
assets, we perform impairment tests on our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets and definite-lived intangible assets. To 
determine whether an impairment has occurred, we may utilize "Step Zero" qualitative test or compare fair value of each of our 
reporting units with its carrying value. In the past, these tests have led us to incur significant impairment charges. Significant 
and unanticipated changes in circumstances, such as significant adverse changes in business climate, adverse actions by 
regulatory authorities, unanticipated competition, loss of key customers or changes in technology or markets, can require a 
charge for impairment that can negatively impact our results of operations.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
 
None.
 
Item 1C. Cybersecurity.
 
Risk Management and Strategy
Our cybersecurity risk management efforts are an integral part of our overall risk management processes, and we are deeply 
committed to safeguarding our digital and information technology environment for our employees, customers and vendors. We 
employ a robust, global and multi-layered security strategy, known as “defense-in-depth,” to assess, identify and manage 
cybersecurity risks and protect our cyber work environment from potential threats and vulnerabilities. These risks, threats and 
vulnerabilities include those that could result in significant operational disruption to the Company, such as production 
disruption, business downtime or loss of containment, as well as risks that could have significant reputational or compliance/
regulatory impact. 
The Company's Information Security team monitors information security risks that target both technology and manufacturing 
environments and identifies potential risks to Simpson’s information security posture. Any identified risks are prioritized in 
terms of impact to Simpson’s information security posture and, if critical, addressed immediately or added to Simpson’s 
information security roadmap. To supplement our internal cybersecurity resources, we also engage external third parties to 
perform information security assessments, penetration tests and related services to enhance our information security program. 
Risks Associated with Third-Party Service Providers
In addition, we implement robust processes to oversee and manage risks associated with our business arrangements with third-
party service providers. All new Simpson third-party business agreements are reviewed and assessed by our Information 
Security team. We also perform information security program investigations on the security posture of, and assess any publicly 
known information security events related to, these third-party service providers. If a third party service provider with a 
business agreement with Simpson experiences an information security breach or incident, our Information Security Team 
reviews and assesses such event to understand Simpson’s overall exposure to the security incident. 
Insurance
We maintain cybersecurity insurance coverage at industry standard levels as a part of our comprehensive insurance portfolio to 
help mitigate risk in the event an information security event occurs.
24

Risks from Cybersecurity Threats
Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may remain vulnerable to disruptions, including 
as a result of attacks by increasingly sophisticated intruders or others who attempt to cause harm to, or otherwise interfere with 
the normal use of our systems. We have experienced targeted and non-targeted cybersecurity attacks and incidents in the past 
that have resulted in unauthorized persons gaining access to our information systems and computer networks, and we could in 
the future experience similar attacks. When we do experience cybersecurity incidents like these and the one we disclosed in 
October 2023, we aim to utilize that experience to inform and strengthen our cybersecurity management efforts. In response to 
the October 2023 incident, we increased our phishing awareness training and testing, deployed a cybersecurity tool that 
continuously monitors and verifies the security posture of individual devices within our network, and deployed technology that 
provides visibility into our sensitive data across different cloud environments, allowing the identification of potential 
vulnerabilities and take proactive measures to protect data from unauthorized access, misuse, or theft.
We do not believe any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incident, have 
materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company or our business strategy, results of operations, or 
financial condition. For additional information regarding the risks from cybersecurity threats we face, see the section captioned 
“Risks Relating to Our Intellectual Property and Information Technology” under Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” above.
Governance
Board and Committee Oversight
Although our full Board of Directors is ultimately responsible for risk oversight, our Board is assisted in discharging its risk 
oversight responsibility by its committees. The Audit and Finance Committee of the Board is responsible for providing 
oversight of our information security program and cybersecurity risks. In connection with this oversight role, the Audit and 
Finance Committee receives information technology updates from management at least quarterly. Cybersecurity risks facing the 
Company and updates on the Company’s practices and progress to mitigate such risks are also the subject of management 
reports to the Audit and Finance Committee on a more frequent basis, as necessary or appropriate. 
Management’s Role in Assessing and Managing Risk
The Company’s information security efforts are led by our Executive Vice President, Chief Technology Officer (“CTO”) and 
our Director of Information Security (“IT Director”), supported by our executive management team. These efforts are designed 
to address information security governance and risk, product security, identification and protection of critical assets, third-party 
risk, security awareness, cyber defense operations, artificial intelligence and data protection governance, and related risk 
management matters. Our CTO and IT Director have an average of over 25 years of prior work experience in various roles 
involving information technology, including security, auditing compliance, systems and programming. These individuals have 
relevant educational and industry experience, including holding similar positions at other large companies.
Our CTO provides relevant cybersecurity and information technology reports to the Audit and Finance Committee, and to the 
executive and senior leadership teams. These reports are provided at quarterly Audit and Finance Committee meetings and at 
our Digital Quarterly Business Review (“Digital QBR”) meetings. These reports typically include analyses of recent significant 
cybersecurity threats and incidents at the Company and across the industry, as well as a review of our security controls, 
assessments and program maturity, top risks, risk mitigation status, and a review of our third-party service providers as 
appropriate. Simpson’s information security roadmap and posture are also reviewed quarterly with members of the executive 
leadership team and the Audit and Finance Committee. In accordance with our information security program, any information 
security event is assessed and reviewed by our Digital Leadership team and members of the executive leadership team.
Through the Digital QBR process, the executive leadership team is responsible for assessing and reviewing our information 
security program and the Company’s material risks from cybersecurity threats. Additional supervision and management is 
provided by our Digital Leadership team, comprised of our CTO; VP, Digital Infrastructure and Operations; VP, Digital 
Enterprise Applications; and International IT Director.
Item 2. Properties.
 
Our headquarters and principal executive offices in Pleasanton, California, and our principal U.S. manufacturing facilities in 
Stockton and Riverside, California; McKinney, Texas; Columbus, Ohio; West Chicago, Illinois; and Gallatin, Tennessee are 
located in owned premises. The principal manufacturing facilities located outside the U.S., the majority of which we own, are in 
France, Italy, Denmark, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Sweden, Portugal and China. We also own and lease smaller 
manufacturing facilities, warehouses, research and development facilities and sales offices in the U.S., Canada, the United 
25

Kingdom, Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and Chile. As of February 28, 2025, the Company’s owned and leased 
facilities were as follows:
 
 
Number
 
 
 
 
Of
Approximate Square Footage
 
Properties
Owned
Leased
Total
 
 
(in thousands of square feet)
North America
 
47  
2,365  
1,751  
4,116 
Europe
 
37  
1,793  
836  
2,629 
Asia/Pacific
 
9  
175  
123  
298 
Administrative and all other
 
1  
92  
—  
92 
Total
 
94  
4,425  
2,710  
7,135 
 
We believe that our properties are maintained in good operating condition. Our manufacturing facilities are equipped with 
specialized equipment and use extensive automation. Our leased facilities typically have renewal options and have expiration 
dates through 2039. We believe we will be able to extend leases on our various facilities as necessary, or as they expire. 
Currently, our manufacturing facilities are being operated with at least one full-time shift. Based on current information and 
subject to future events and circumstances, we anticipate that we may require additional facilities to accommodate possible 
future growth.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and other matters arising in the normal course of 
business. Corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, cracking, material hardness, wood pressure-treating chemicals, misinstallations, 
misuse, design and assembly flaws, manufacturing defects, labeling defects, product formula defects, inaccurate chemical 
mixes, adulteration, environmental conditions, or other factors can contribute to failure of fasteners, connectors, anchors, 
adhesives, specialty chemicals, such as fiber reinforced polymers, and tool products. In addition, inaccuracies may occur in 
product information, descriptions and instructions found in catalogs, packaging, data sheets, and the Company’s website.
The Company currently is not a party to any legal proceedings which the Company expects individually or in the aggregate to 
have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. Nonetheless, the 
resolution of any claim or litigation is subject to inherent uncertainty and we could in the future incur judgments, enter into 
settlements of claims or revise our expectations regarding the outcome of the various legal proceedings and other matters we are 
currently involved in, which could materially impact our financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. Refer to Note 
15, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for a discussion of recent developments related to certain of the legal proceedings in which we are involved.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
 
26

PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities.
 
Market Information for Common Stock
The Company’s common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SSD.”
As of February 24, 2025 there were 97,545 holders of record of the Company’s common stock, although we believe that there 
are a significantly larger number of beneficial owners of our common stock. 
Dividends
 
During 2024, the Company paid a total of $46.5 million in cash dividends. On January 31, 2025, the Company declared a 
quarterly cash dividend of $0.28 per share of common stock to be paid on April 23, 2025 to stockholders of record as of 
April 3, 2025. See "Note 20 — Subsequent Events" to the Company's consolidated financial statements. Future dividends, if 
any, will be determined by the Company’s Board of Directors, based on the Company’s future earnings, cash flows, financial 
condition and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors. See “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
 
27

Stock Performance Graph
The following graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s common stock from December 31, 
2019 through December 31, 2024, with the cumulative total return on the S&P 500 Index (a broad equity market index), the 
Dow Jones U.S. Building Materials & Fixtures Index (a published industry or line-of-business index) and a Peer Group Index 
over the same period (assuming the investment of $100 in the Company’s common stock and in each of the indices on 
December 31, 2019, and reinvestment of all dividends into additional shares of the same class of equity securities at the 
frequency with which dividends are paid on such securities during the applicable fiscal year). To provide an additional 
comparison to our performance, we included an index consisting of companies in the building products or construction 
materials industries that are most comparable to us in terms of size and nature of operations, which group has also been 
referenced by us in connection with setting our executive compensation. The Peer Group Index below consisted of A.O. Smith 
Corporation; AAON, Inc.; Advance Drainage Systems, Inc.; Allegion Plc; American Woodmark Corp.; Apogee Enterprises, 
Inc.; Armstrong World Industries, Inc.; Atkore, Inc.; Azek Company, Inc.; Eagle Materials, Inc.; Gibraltar Industries, Inc.; 
James Hardie Industries plc; Lousiana-Pacific Corporation; Patrick Industries, Inc.; Quanex Building Products Corp.; Summit 
Materials, Inc.; and Trex Company, Inc.
 
28

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The table below shows the monthly repurchases of shares of the Company's common stock in the fourth quarter of 2024.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Period
Total 
Number of 
Shares 
Purchased
Average 
Price Paid 
per Share1
Total Number of 
Shares Purchased 
as Part of 
Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs
Approximate 
Value of Shares 
that May Yet Be 
Purchased Under 
the Plans or 
Programs
(in millions)2
October 1 - October 31, 2024
 
165,590 $ 
181.87  
165,000 
$20.0
November 1 - November 30, 2024
 
111,315 $ 
180.32  
110,906 
$—
December 1 - December 31, 2024
 
13 $ 
188.38  
— 
$—
     Total
 
276,918 
Approximately 41 thousand shares of the Company's common stock were repurchased in 2024, in connection with the 
withholding of shares to cover payroll taxes on vesting of stock-based compensation awards vested and for retirement eligible 
employees who retired during 2024. 
Approximately 559 thousand shares of the Company's common stock were repurchased in 2024 for a total amount of $100.0 
million which authorization expired on December 31, 2024.
On October 23, 2024, we announced the Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program pursuant to which the 
Company my purchase up to $100.0 million of the Company’s common stock from January 1, 2025 through December 31, 
2025. This authorization replaces the previous share repurchase authorizations.
From February 1, 2025 to February 27, 2025, the Company repurchased 146,640 shares of the Company’s common stock in the 
open market at an average price of $170.48 per share for a total of approximately $25.0 million. As a result, as of February 28, 
2025, approximately $75.0 million remained available for share repurchase through December 31, 2025 under the Company’s 
previously announced $100.0 million share repurchase authorization.
Item 6. [Reserved]
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
Each of the terms the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” and similar terms used herein refer collectively to Simpson Manufacturing 
Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc., unless 
otherwise stated. The Company regularly uses its website to post information regarding its business and governance. The 
Company encourages investors to use http://www.simpsonmfg.com as a source of information about the Company. The 
information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this report or other material we file with or furnish to the SEC, 
except as explicitly noted or as required by law.
The following discussion and analysis provides information which management believes is relevant to an assessment and 
understanding of the Company’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations. This discussion should be read in 
conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in this report.
“Strong-Tie” and our other trademarks appearing in this report are our property. This report contains additional trade names and 
trademarks of other companies. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names or trademarks to imply an 
endorsement or sponsorship of us by such companies, or any relationship with any of these companies.
29
1 Average price paid per share of common shares repurchased excludes excise tax. As of January 1, 2024, the Company's share repurchases are subjected to a 
1.0% excise tax enacted by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. The amount of excise tax incurred is included in the Company's Consolidated Statement of 
Stockholders' Equity for the year ended December 31, 2024.
2 Pursuant to the $100.0 million repurchase authorization from the Board of Directors on October 19, 2023, and which expired on December 31,
 2024. See "Note 5 — Stockholder's Equity".

Overview
 
We design, manufacture and sell building construction products that are of high quality and performance, easy to use and cost-
effective for customers. We operate in three business segments determined by geographic region: North America, Europe and 
Asia/Pacific. Within the North America segment, our sales efforts are aligned to customer market teams dedicated to serving 
the following markets:
•
Residential;
•
Commercial;
•
Original Equipment Manufacturers ("OEM");
•
National Retail; and
•
Component Manufacturers
Our organic growth opportunities are focused on expanding our product lines with our current customers while also identifying 
new market share gain opportunities within our core product and market competencies.
In order to grow in these markets, we aspire to be among the leaders in engineered load-rated construction building products 
and systems and digital product offerings. We also aspire to leverage our engineering expertise, deep-rooted relationships with 
top builders, engineers, contractors, code officials and distributors, along with our ongoing commitment to testing, research and 
innovation. Importantly, we currently have existing products, testing results, distribution and manufacturing capabilities to 
support our ambitions. This will ultimately be a function of expanding our sales and/or marketing functions to promote our 
products to different end users and distribution channels, expanding our customer base, and introducing new products in the 
future.
Our commitment to continuous improvement has fostered our core Company ambitions, which we will pursue including:
•
Strengthen our values-based culture;
•
Be the partner of choice; 
•
Be an innovative leader in the markets we operate;
•
Above market growth relative to the U.S. housing starts (exceeding our historical average volume performance in 
North America of approximately 250 basis points above the housing starts market);
•
An operating income margin at or above 20%; and
•
Earnings per share growth exceeding net revenue growth. 
Since announced in 2021, we made great progress on our key growth initiatives. Examples include:
•
Added approximately $1.0 billion in revenue and $200.0 million in operating profit.
•
Realigned our sales team by end market, significantly reduced two-step distribution, and made significant investments 
in our field sales and engineering teams.
•
Made significant footprint investments in both production and warehouses. Our investment in our new Gallatin 
Tennessee facility enables us to onshore additional fastener and anchor production, and the operation will in-source 
key manufacturing processes such as heat treating and coating of fasteners. Additional warehouse capabilities will also 
enhance next day delivery for our North American customers. 
•
Invested significantly in digital solutions, combined with the other initiatives strengthened our business model, which 
drove hardware sales, created value for our customers and made us a partner of choice. 
•
Strengthened our senior leadership team through a combination of internal development and external experts. 
As a result, we are now in an even stronger market position in connectors with significant gains in both fasteners and anchors. 
In addition, due to our high service levels, increasingly diverse portfolio of products and software as well as our commitment to 
innovation and developing complete solutions for the markets we serve, we believe we can continue to achieve above market 
growth in the North America relative to U.S. housing starts for fiscal 2025 and beyond. These examples further emulate our 
Founder, Barclay Simpson’s, nine principles of doing business, and more specifically the focus and obsession on customers and 
users. 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use Adjusted EBITDA as a non-GAAP financial 
measure in evaluating the ongoing operating performance of our business. The Company defines adjusted EBITDA as net 
income (loss) before income taxes, adjusted to exclude depreciation and amortization, integration, acquisition and restructuring 
costs, non-qualified deferred compensation adjustments, goodwill impairment, gain on bargain purchase, net loss or gain on 
disposal of assets, interest income or expense, and foreign exchange and other expense (income). We use adjusted EBITDA to 
30

provide additional insight into the Company’s operating performance in light of the significant levels of growth investment we 
have made in our operations, the effect depreciation as well as acquisition and integration costs will have on our operating 
results. We believe this will also provide a better approximation of our cash flows compared to operating income. 
Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
The Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations depend in large part on the level of U.S. housing starts 
and residential construction activity. Overall housing starts decreased 3.9% over the trailing twelve months ending 
December 31, 2024 compared to the trailing twelve months ending December 31, 2023. Lower housing starts in the U.S. could 
result in lower demand, which would affect the Company's sales and possibly operating profit.
Unlike lumber or other products that have a more direct correlation to U.S. housing starts, our products are used to a greater 
extent in areas that are subject to natural forces, such as seismic or wind events. Our products are generally used in a sequential 
progression that follows the construction process. Residential and commercial construction begins with the foundation, 
followed by the wall and the roof systems, and then the installation of our products, which flow into a project or a house 
according to these schedules.
In prior years, our sales were heavily seasonal with operating results varying from quarter to quarter depending on weather 
conditions that could delay construction starts. Our sales and income have historically been lower in the first and fourth quarters 
than in the second and third quarters of a fiscal year. Increasing interest rates, tariffs, political uncertainty due to rising energy 
costs, volatility in the steel market and stressed product transportation systems, can also have an effect on our gross and 
operating profits as well. Due to efforts in diversifying our geographic footprint, product offerings, and changing our path to 
market in the U.S., sales from our product lines, customer base and customer purchases are becoming less seasonal. Changes in 
raw material cost could impact the amount of inventory on-hand, and negatively affect our gross profit and operating margins 
depending on the timing of raw material purchases or how much sales prices can be increased to offset any increases in raw 
material costs. Changes in labor, freight and warehousing costs, could also negatively impact gross profit depending on timing 
and amount of sales price can be increased to offset the higher costs.
Our operations also expose us to risks associated with pandemics, epidemics or other public health crises.
Business Segment Information
Historically, our North America segment has generated more revenues from wood construction products compared to concrete 
construction products. North America net sales increased 1.1% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to 
December 31, 2023. Our wood construction product net sales increased 0.5% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared 
to December 31, 2023, primarily due to increased sales volumes, partly offset by product price decreases implemented during 
the first quarter of 2023. Our concrete construction product sales increased 5.0% over the same periods. For 2025, U.S. housing 
starts could improve in the low-single digit range from 2024 levels, with growth weighted towards the second half of the year. 
With the investments we have made, we believe we will be able to continue to grow net sales above the US housing starts 
market, one of our company ambitions.
Operating income decreased 7.1% to $439.6 million from $473.2 million on lower gross profits as well as increased personnel 
costs software and hardware costs and professional fees, party offset by lower incentive costs. Fiscal year 2024 operating 
margins were also affected by recent acquisitions including acquisition and integration related costs. For 2025, incremental 
investments in the current business will be limited until the U.S. housing market shows long-term improvement.
During 2024, work continued on our Columbus, Ohio facility expansion as well as the construction of our new Gallatin, 
Tennessee facility. We expect the expansion and operation of these facilities to be completed and commence in 2025. The 
expanded and new facilities will improve our overall service, production efficiencies and safety in the workplace, as well as 
reduce our reliance on certain outsourced finished goods and component products and continue to ensure we have ample 
capacity to meet our customer needs. These investments reinforce our core business model differentiators to remain the partner 
of choice as we continue to produce products locally and ensure superior levels of customer service. 
Europe net sales decreased slightly for the fiscal year December 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023, due to lower sales 
volumes, offset by the positive effect of $3.7 million in foreign currency translation. Both wood and concrete construction 
product sales decreased for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 
2023. Gross profit decreased $8.1 million primarily due to increased factory overhead, warehouse and freight costs, as a 
percentage of net sales. Operating income decreased $12.2 million on lower gross profits and increased costs supporting the 
optimization of the European footprint, including the realization of defensive Etanco related synergies, which resulted in $5.7 
31

million in restructuring and severance charges for fiscal year 2024. As a result of these efforts and projected increased sales, we 
currently anticipate Europe's 2025 operating margin to improve compared to fiscal year 2024.
Our Asia/Pacific segment has generated revenues from both wood and concrete construction products. We believe that the Asia/
Pacific segment is not significant to our overall performance.
Business Outlook
Based on business trends and conditions, the Company's outlook for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2025 is as 
follows:
•
Given the uncertainty regarding 2025 U.S. housing starts compared to prior year housing starts, consolidated operating 
margin is estimated to be in the range of 18.5% to 20.5% with the low end of the range based on flat to declining 2025 
housing starts compared to prior year. The operating margin range includes a projected gain between $10.0 million to 
$12.0 million from the sale of the old Gallatin facility based on a $19.0 million contracted sale price.
•
The effective tax rate is estimated to be in the range of 25.5% to 26.5%, including both federal and state income tax 
rates as well as international income tax rates, and assuming no tax law changes are enacted.
•
Capital expenditures are estimated to be approximately $150.0 million to $170.0 million, which includes $75.0 million 
for the Columbus, Ohio facility expansion and construction of the new Gallatin, Tennessee facility.
Results of Operations
 
Our discussion of our results focuses on 2024 and 2023 and year-to-year comparisons between those periods. Discussions of 
2022 results and year-to-year comparison between 2023 and 2022 results are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K 
and can be found in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 
7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The following table sets forth, for the years 
indicated, the Company’s operating results as a percentage of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, 
respectively:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2024
2023
2022
Net sales
 100.0 %
 100.0 %
 100.0 %
Cost of sales
 54.0 %
 52.9 %
 55.5 %
Gross profit
 46.0 %
 47.1 %
 44.5 %
Research and development and other engineering expenses
 4.2 %
 4.2 %
 3.2 %
Selling expense
 9.8 %
 9.2 %
 8.0 %
General and administrative expense
 12.4 %
 12.1 %
 10.8 %
Total operating expense
 26.4 %
 25.5 %
 22.0 %
Acquisition and integration related costs
 0.3 %
 0.2 %
 0.8 %
Net gain on disposal of assets
 — %
 — %
 (0.1) %
Income from operations
 19.3 %
 21.4 %
 21.8 %
Interest income and other finance costs, net
 0.2 %
 0.2 %
 (0.4) %
Other and foreign exchange loss, net
 (0.1) %
 (0.1) %
 (0.2) %
Income before taxes
 19.4 %
 21.5 %
 21.2 %
Provision for income taxes
 5.0 %
 5.5 %
 5.4 %
Net income
 14.4 %
 16.0 %
 15.8 %
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 
 
Unless otherwise stated, the results announced below, when providing comparisons (which are generally indicated by words 
such as “increased,” “decreased,” “unchanged” or “compared to”), compare the results of operations for the year ended 
December 31, 2024, against the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023.
32

The following table shows the change in the Company’s operations from 2023 to 2024, and the increases or decreases from the 
prior year, for each category by segment:
 
 
 
Increase (Decrease) in Operating Segment
 
 
 
North 
America
 
Asia/ 
Pacific
Admin & 
All Other
 
 (in thousands)
2023
Europe
2024
Net sales
$ 2,213,803 $ 
19,457 $ 
(1,701) $ 
580  
— $ 2,232,139 
Cost of sales
 1,170,048  
31,511  
6,365  
461  
(2,097)  1,206,288 
   Gross profit
 1,043,755  
(12,054)  
(8,066)  
119  
2,097  1,025,851 
Operating expenses:
Research and development and other 
engineering expense
 
92,167  
(292)  
991  
710  
—  
93,576 
Selling expense
 
203,980  
14,330  
453  
639  
—  
219,402 
General and administrative expense
 
268,103  
7,717  
3,603  
(378)  
(1,513)  
277,532 
   Operating expenses
 
564,250  
21,755  
5,047  
971  
(1,513)  
590,510 
Net gain on disposal of assets
 
(276)  
(145)  
26  
(24)  
(28)  
(447) 
Acquisition and integration related costs
 
4,632  
—  
(947)  
—  
2,128  
5,813 
Income from operations
 
475,149  
(33,664)  
(12,192)  
(828)  
1,510  
429,975 
Interest income and other financing 
costs, net
 
3,391  
597  
763  
(578)  
1,104  
5,277 
Other and foreign exchange loss, net
 
(1,993)  
(3,844)  
(3,397)  
1,485  
6,540  
(1,209) 
Income before taxes
 
476,547  
(36,911)  
(14,826)  
79  
9,154  
434,043 
Provision for income taxes
 
122,560  
(10,762)  
(2,103)  
(42)  
2,166  
111,819 
Net income
$ 353,987 $ 
(26,149) $ 
(12,723) $ 
121 $ 
6,988 $ 322,224 
 
Net Sales increased approximately 0.8% to $2.2 billion from prior year, primarily due to higher sales volumes, incremental 
sales from the Company's 2024 acquisitions, and the positive effect of $3.7 million in foreign currency translation related 
mostly to Europe's currencies weakening against the United States dollar. Wood construction product net sales, including sales 
of connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and shearwalls, represented 85.1% and 85.4% of the Company’s total 
net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Concrete construction product net sales, including 
sales of adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, powder actuated tools and reinforcing fiber materials, represented 14.8% 
and 14.5% of the Company’s total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Gross profit decreased approximately 1.7% to $1.0 billion from prior year, primarily due to lower gross margins. Gross margins 
decreased to 46.0% from 47.1%, primarily due to higher factory and overhead as well as warehouse and freight costs, partly 
offset by lower material costs, as a percentage of net sales. Gross margins, including some inter-segment expenses, which were 
eliminated upon consolidation, and excluding certain expenses that are allocated according to product group, decreased from 
47.2% to 45.6% for wood construction products and increased from 46.0% to 47.5% for concrete construction products.
Research and development and other engineering expense increased 1.5% to $93.6 million from $92.2 million, primarily due 
increased personnel costs of $4.6 million partially offset by a decrease of $3.2 million in variable incentive compensation costs.
Selling expense increased 7.6% to $219.4 million from $204.0 million, primarily due to increases of $17.3 million in personnel 
costs and $4.0 million in advertising and trade shows, partially offset by a decrease of $7.9 million in variable compensation 
costs. 
General and administrative expense increased 3.5% to $277.5 million from $268.1 million, primarily due to increases of $12.8 
million in personnel costs, $7.1 million in professional fees, and $1.6 million in depreciation and amortization, partially offset 
by a decrease of $13.2 million in variable compensation costs.
Our effective income tax rate increased to 25.8% from 25.7%.
Consolidated net income was $322.2 million compared to $354.0 million. Diluted net income per share of common stock was 
$7.60 compared to $8.26. 
34

Adjusted EBITDA1 of $520.1 million decreased 6.2% compared to $554.2 million, primarily due to lower gross profits and 
higher operating expenses, as noted above.
Net Sales
The following table shows net sales by segment for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively: 
(in thousands)
North
America
Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Total
December 31, 2023
$ 1,716,422 
$ 480,756 
$ 16,625 
$ 2,213,803 
December 31, 2024
 1,735,879 
 479,055 
 
17,205 
 2,232,139 
Increase (decrease)
$ 
19,457 
$ (1,701) 
$ 
580 
$ 
18,336 
Percentage increase (decrease)
 1.1 %
 (0.4) %
 3.5 %
 0.8 %
 
The following table shows segment net sales as percentages of total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, 
respectively:
North
America
Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Total
Percentage of total 2023 net sales
 77.5 %
 21.7 %
 0.8 %
 100.0 %
Percentage of total 2024 net sales
 77.8 %
 21.5 %
 0.7 %
 100.0 %
Gross Profit
 
The following table shows gross profit by segment for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:
(in thousands)
North
America
Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Admin &
All Other
Total
December 31, 2023
$ 862,557 
$ 177,048 
$ 
5,679 $ 
(1,529) $ 1,043,755 
December 31, 2024
 850,504 
 168,982 
 
5,798  
567  1,025,851 
Increase (decrease) 
 (12,053) 
 
(8,066) 
 
119  
2,096  (17,904) 
Percentage decrease
 (1.4) %
 (4.6) %
*
*
 (1.7) %
* The statistic is not meaningful or material.
The following table shows gross margins by segment for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:
 
North
America
Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Admin &
All Other
Total
2023 gross margin
 50.3 %
 36.8 %
 34.2 %
*
 47.1 %
2024 gross margin
 49.0 %
 35.3 %
 33.7 %
*
 46.0 %
* The statistic is not meaningful or material.
North America
•
Net sales increased 1.1% primarily due to higher sales volumes and incremental sales from the Company's 2024 
acquisitions.
•
Gross margin decreased to 49.0% from 50.3%, primarily due to higher factory and overhead as well as warehouse costs, 
partially offset by lower material costs, as a percentage of net sales.
•
Research and development and engineering expense decreased $0.3 million.
•
Selling expense increased $14.3 million, primarily due to increases of $16.9 million in personnel costs, $2.9 million in 
advertising and trade shows, partially offset by a decrease of $7.7 million in variable compensation costs.
35
1 Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and it is defined in the Non-GAAP Financial Measures Item 7. For a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA 
to U.S. GAAP ("GAAP) net income see the schedule titled "Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

•
General and administrative expense increased $7.7 million, primarily due to increases of $7.3 million in personnel costs 
and $4.6 million in professional and legal fees, partially offset by a decrease of $5.7 million in variable compensation 
costs. 
•
Income from operations decreased $33.7 million, primarily due to lower gross profit as well as increases in operating 
expenses. The operating expense increases were driven by higher personnel costs, professional fees, and travel-related 
expenses, which were partially offset by a decrease in variable compensation costs.
Europe
•
Net sales decreased 0.4%, primarily due to lower sales volumes. Net sales benefited from the positive effect of 
approximately $3.7 million in foreign currency translation.
•
Gross margin decreased to 35.3% from 36.8%, primarily due to higher factory and overhead as well as warehouse and 
freight costs, partly offset by lower material costs, as a percentage of net sales.
•
Income from operations decreased $12.2 million, primarily due to lower gross profit as well as $5.0 million in higher 
operating expenses including personnel costs.
Asia/Pacific
•
For information about the Company’s Asia/Pacific segment, please refer to the table above setting forth changes in our 
operating results for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. 
Administrative and All Other
•
General and administrative expense decreased $1.5 million, primarily due to a decrease of $6.1 million in variable 
compensation costs, partially offset by increases of $2.3 million in professional and legal fees and $1.9 million in 
personnel costs.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
The critical accounting policies described below affect the Company’s more significant judgments and estimates used in the 
preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the Company’s business conditions change or if it uses 
different assumptions or estimates in the application of these and other accounting policies, the Company’s future results of 
operations could be adversely affected.
 
Inventory Valuation
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value (market). Cost includes all costs incurred in bringing each 
product to its present location and condition, as follows:
 
•
Raw materials and purchased finished goods — principally valued at a cost determined on a weighted average basis; 
and
•
In-process products and finished goods — the cost of direct materials and labor plus attributable overhead based on 
a normal level of activity.
 
The Company applies net realizable value and makes estimates for obsolescence to the gross value of inventory. The Company 
estimates net realizable value is based on estimated selling price less further costs expected to be incurred through completion 
and disposal. The Company impairs slow-moving products by comparing inventories on hand to projected demand. If on-hand 
supply of a product exceeds projected demand or if the Company believes the product is no longer marketable, the product is 
considered obsolete inventory. The Company revalues obsolete inventory to its net realizable value and has consistently applied 
this methodology. The Company believes that this approach is suitable for impairments of slow-moving and obsolete inventory. 
When impairments are established, a new cost basis of the inventory is created. Unexpected changes in market demand, 
building codes or buyer preferences could reduce the rate of inventory turnover and require the Company to recognize more 
obsolete inventory.
36

Business Combinations. 
Accounting for business combinations requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions. We use our best estimates and 
assumptions to accurately assign fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the 
acquisition date as well as the useful lives of those acquired intangible assets.
Critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets and goodwill we have acquired are:
•
future expected cash flows from operations;
•
historical and expected customer attrition rates and anticipated growth in revenue from acquired customers;
•
assumptions about the period of time the acquired trade name will continue to be used in our offerings; and
•
discount rates.
Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or 
actual results.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Our goodwill balance is not amortized to expense, and we may assess quantitative or qualitative factors to determine whether it 
is more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining 
whether it is necessary to complete quantitative impairment assessments. The Company evaluates the recoverability of goodwill 
in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other,” annually, or 
more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change in the interim that would more likely than not reduce the fair value 
of the asset below its carrying amount.
Intangible assets acquired are recognized at their fair value at the date of acquisition. Finite-lived intangibles are amortized over 
their applicable useful lives. We monitor conditions related to these assets to determine whether events and circumstances 
warrant a revision to the remaining amortization or depreciation period. We test these assets for potential impairment annually 
and whenever management concludes events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be 
recoverable.
The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis (in the fourth quarter for the 
Company). The Company also reviews goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the 
carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the 
business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or disposition or relocation of a significant 
portion of a reporting unit.
During fiscal year 2023, we re-evaluated our European reporting units after a full year of operations from our acquisition of 
ETANCO as it has become further integrated into our other European operations resulting in changes to the management, 
product distribution, and operations structure of our European operations. As a result of this re-evaluation, all European 
reporting units were consolidated for reporting purposes into one overall Europe reporting unit. A qualitative assessment was 
performed immediately preceding the reporting unit change and determined that it was not more likely than not that any 
impairment existed prior to the reporting unit change.
We determined that the U.S. reporting unit includes four components: Northwest United States, Southwest United States, 
Northeast United States and Southeast United States. The Australia reporting unit includes two components: Australia and New 
Zealand. For each of these reporting units, the Company aggregated the components because management concluded that they 
are economically similar, and that the goodwill is recoverable from these components working in concert.
We applied the ("Step 0") approach in the fourth quarter of 2024 to assess qualitative factors related to the goodwill of the 
reporting units to determine whether it is necessary to perform an impairment test. For this qualitative assessment, we assessed 
various assumptions, events and circumstances that could have affected the estimated fair value of the reporting units. Based on 
the qualitative assessment performed, the Company concluded that there was no evidence of events or circumstances that would 
indicate a material change from the Company’s prior year quantitative assessment by reporting unit and therefore, it was more 
likely than not that the estimated fair value of reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values. The annual testing of 
goodwill for impairment did not result in impairment charges. 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Generally, the Company's revenue contract with a customer exists when (1) the goods are shipped, services are rendered, and 
the related invoice is generated, (2) the duration of the contract does not extend beyond the promised goods or services already 
transferred and (3) the transaction price of each distinct promised product or service specified in the invoice is based on its 
37

relative stated standalone selling price. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by 
transferring control of a product to a customer at a point in time. The Company's shipping terms provide the primary indicator 
of the transfer of control. The general shipping terms are Incoterm C.P.T. (F.O.B. shipping point), where the title, and risk and 
rewards of ownership transfer at the point when the products are no longer on the Company's premises. Other Incoterms are 
allowed as exceptions depending on the product or service being sold and the nature of the sale. The Company recognizes 
revenue based on the consideration specified in the invoice with a customer, excluding any sales incentives, discounts, and 
amounts collected on behalf of third parties (i.e., governmental tax authorities).
Volume rebates, discounts and rights of return are accounted for as variable considerations because the transaction price is 
either uncertain until the customer completes or fails the specified volumes or returned product are not returned by the return 
period. The Company estimates allowances based on historical experience from prior periods and the customer’s historical 
purchasing pattern. These estimates are deducted from revenues and are reevaluated periodically during the reporting period.
Effect of New Accounting Standards
See "Note 1 — Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for effects of new accounting standards on the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have historically met our capital needs through a combination of cash flows from operating activities and, when necessary, 
borrowings under our credit facilities. Our principal uses of capital include the costs and expenses associated with our 
operations, including financing working capital requirements and continuing our capital allocation strategy, which includes 
supporting capital expenditures, paying cash dividends, repurchasing the Company's common stock, and financing other 
investment opportunities from time to time.
On March 30, 2022, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. The Amended and Restated Credit 
Agreement provides for a 5-year revolving credit facility of $450.0 million, which includes a letter of credit-sub-facility up to 
$50.0 million, and for a 5-year term loan facility of $450.0 million. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no borrowings 
under the revolving credit facility and $388.1 million under the term loan facility, and has $450.0 million available to borrow 
under the revolving credit facility.
The Company has certain contractual obligations, primarily debt interest, operating leases, and purchase obligations, which 
include annual facility fees. Refer to "Note 12 - Leases", "Note 14 - Debt" and "Note 15 - Commitment and Contingencies" in 
Part II, Item 8 for details related to the Company's obligations and debt annual facility fees. The Company did not have any 
significant off-balance sheet commitments as of December 31, 2024. 
As of December 31, 2024, our cash and cash equivalents consisted of deposits and money market funds held with established 
national financial institutions, and includes $111.6 million held in the local currencies of our foreign operations and could be 
subject to additional taxation if repatriated to the U.S. The Company is maintaining a permanent reinvestment assertion on its 
foreign earnings relative to remaining cash held outside the United States. 
The following table presents selected financial information as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively:
As of December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 
239,371 $ 
429,822 $ 
300,742 
Property, plant and equipment, net
 
531,655  
418,612  
361,555 
Equity investment, goodwill and intangible assets
 
903,498  
883,079  
872,699 
Non-cash net working capital
 
570,602  
521,362  
529,945 
The following table presents the significant categories of cash flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 
2022, respectively:
38

Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Net cash provided by (used in):
  Operating activities
$ 
338,160 $ 
427,022 
$ 
399,821 
  Investing activities
 
(259,259)  
(103,251)  
(870,244) 
  Financing activities
 
(261,464)  
(199,034)  
465,526 
Cash flows from operating activities result primarily from our earnings before non-cash items such as depreciation, 
amortization, and stock based compensation, and are affected by changes in operating assets and liabilities which consist 
primarily of working capital balances. Our revenues are derived from manufacturing and sales of building construction 
materials. Our operating cash flows are impacted by prevailing macro-economic conditions and subject to seasonality, which is 
cyclically associated with the volume and timing of construction project starts. For example, as a result of seasonality, our trade 
accounts receivable is generally at its lowest at the end of the fourth quarter and increases during the first, second and third 
quarters as construction activity ramps up in markets we serve.
In 2024, cash provided by operating activities of $338.2 million in cash and cash equivalents as a result of $322.2 million from 
net income and adding back $113.4 million for non-cash adjustments from net income which includes depreciation and 
amortization, stock-based compensation and non-cash lease expense, partially offset by a decrease of $97.5 million for the net 
change in operating assets and liabilities. The net change in operating assets and liabilities included increases of $50.4 million 
in inventory and $12.7 million in other current assets as well as a $17.0 million net change in other non-current assets and 
liabilities.
Cash used in investing activities of $259.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, was primarily for capital 
spending of $180.4 million for facility expansion projects, and machinery and equipment purchases as well as $79.2 million for 
the acquisitions of Calculated Structured Designs, Inc.; Monet DeSauw, Inc. and certain properties of Callaway Properties, LLC 
("Monet"); and QuickFrames USA, LLC. In which Monet was acquired for $48.7 million net of cash received. Based on current 
forecasts, capital expenditures are estimated to range between $150.0 million to $170.0 million for 2025 including the expected 
spend of $75.0 million to complete the Columbus, Ohio facility expansion and replacement of Gallatin, Tennessee facility. The 
remaining $75.0 million to $95.0 million in capital expenditures will be primarily focused on purchases of new equipment to 
support increased productivity and efficiencies, the timing of which is subject to future events and circumstances.
Cash used in financing activities of $261.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, consisted primarily of $100.8 
million in loan principal payments, $100.0 million for the repurchase of the Company’s common stock and $46.5 million used 
to pay cash dividends. The Company purchased and received approximately 559 thousand shares of it’s common stock on the 
open market at an average price of $178.83 per share.
On October 23, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") authorized the Company to repurchase up to $100.0 
million of the Company's common stock, effective January 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025. From February 1, 2025 to 
February 28, 2025, the Company repurchased 146,640 shares of the Company’s common stock in the open market at an average 
price of $170.48 per share for a total of approximately $25.0 million. Further, on January 31, 2025, the Board declared a 
quarterly cash dividend of $0.28 per share payable on April 23, 2025 to stockholders of record on April 3, 2025, and estimated 
to be $11.8 million in total.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Company returned $146.5 million to the Company's shareholders, which 
represents 92.8% of our free cash flow from operations during the same period. Since the beginning of 2021 to the fiscal year 
ended December 31, 2024, the Company has returned $430.0 million to shareholders, which represents 45.7% of our free cash 
flow. During the same period the Company has repurchased approximately 2.0 million shares of the Company's common stock, 
which represents approximately 4.5% of the outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.
Cash flows from operating activities years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are incorporated by reference to Form 10-K 
2023 filing. 
39

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(In thousands) (Unaudited)
A reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, is set forth below.
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2024
2023
Net Income
$ 
322,224 
$ 
353,987 
Provision for income taxes
 
111,819 
 
122,560 
Interest (income) expense, net and other financing costs
 
(5,277)  
(3,391) 
Depreciation and amortization
 
84,584 
 
74,707 
Other*
 
6,732 
 
6,382 
Adjusted EBITDA
$ 
520,082 
$ 
554,245 
*Other: Includes acquisition, integration, restructuring related expenses, non-qualified deferred compensation plan adjustments, other & foreign exchange loss 
net, and net loss or gain on disposal of assets.
Contingencies
From time to time, we are subject to various claims, lawsuits, legal proceedings (including litigation, arbitration or regulatory 
actions) and other matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Periodically, we evaluate the status of each matter and 
assess our potential financial exposure. 
The Company records a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred, and the amount is 
reasonably estimable. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability of a loss and the estimated amount. The 
outcomes of claims, lawsuits, legal proceedings and other matters brought against the Company are subject to significant 
uncertainty, some of which are inherently unpredictable and/or beyond our control. Therefore, although management considers 
the likelihood of such an outcome to be remote, if one or more of these matters were resolved against the Company for amounts 
in excess of management’s expectations, they could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, 
financial position and liquidity.
See “Item 3 — Legal Proceedings” above and “Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies” to the Company’s consolidated 
financial statements.
Inflation and Raw Materials
 
Inflation rates continued to increase during fiscal year 2024, which negatively affected labor costs and other costs of doing 
business, and as such may adversely affect our operating profits if we cannot recover the higher costs through price increases. 
Our main raw material is steel, and as such, increases in steel prices may adversely affect our gross margin if we cannot recover 
the higher costs through price increases. See “Item 1 — Raw Materials” and “Item 1A — Risk Factors.”
 
Indemnification
 
In the normal course of business, to facilitate transactions of services and products, we have agreed to indemnify certain parties 
with respect to certain matters. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and 
the amount of the claim. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, and the 
Company’s bylaws as permitted by the Company’s certificate of incorporation require the Company to indemnify corporate 
servants, including our officers and directors, to the fullest extent permitted by law. The Company maintains directors and 
officers liability insurance coverage to reduce its exposure to such obligations. The Company has not incurred significant 
obligations under indemnification provisions historically, and does not expect to incur significant obligations in the future. It is 
not possible to determine the maximum potential amount under these indemnities due to the limited history of prior 
indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Accordingly, the 
Company has not recorded any liability for costs related to these indemnities through December 31, 2024.
40

 
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
We have operations both within the U.S. and internationally, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our 
business, including changes to foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates and fluctuations in commodity prices. 
Foreign Exchange Risk
We have foreign exchange rate risk in our international operations, and through purchases from foreign vendors. Changes in the 
values of currencies of foreign countries affect our financial position, income statement and cash flows when translated into 
U.S. Dollars. We estimate that if the exchange rate were to change by 10.0% in any one country where we have our operations, 
the change in net income would not be material to our operations taken as a whole.
We may manage our exposure to transactional exposures by entering into foreign currency forward contracts for forecasted 
transactions and projected cash flows for foreign currencies in future periods. In 2022 and 2023, we entered into financial 
contracts at various times to hedge the risk of fluctuations associated with the Euro and the Chinese Yuan. Refer to “Note 9 — 
Derivative Instruments” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Foreign currency translation adjustments on our underlying assets and liabilities resulted in an accumulated other 
comprehensive loss of $37.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, due to the effects of the strengthening United 
States Dollar in relation to almost all other countries. The loss was partially offset by $2.5 million in accumulated other 
comprehensive losses from foreign currency forward contracts. Refer to “Note 5 — Stockholders' Equity” to the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements.
Interest Rate Risk
Our primary exposure to interest rate risk results from outstanding borrowings under the Amended and Restated Credit 
Agreement, which bears interest at variable rates. As of December 31, 2024, the outstanding debt under the Amended and 
Restated Credit Agreement subject to interest rate fluctuations was $388.1 million. The variable interest rates on the Credit 
Agreement fluctuate and expose us to short-term changes in market interest rates as our interest obligation on this instrument is 
based on prevailing market interest rates. Interest rates fluctuate as a result of many factors, including governmental monetary 
and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors that are beyond our control. 
We have entered into an interest rate swap agreement to convert the variable interest rate on our revolver and term loan to fixed 
interest rates. The objective of the interest rate swap agreement is to eliminate the variability of the interest payment cash flows 
associated with the variable interest rate outstanding under the borrowings. We designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow 
hedges. Refer to "Note 9 — Derivatives Instruments" to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, for further 
information on our interest rate swap contracts in effect as of December 31, 2024.
Commodity Price Risk
In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk related to our purchase of steel, a significant raw material upon 
which our manufacturing depends. Steel cost started decreasing at the end of 2022 with prices stabilizing by the end of 2023 
and during 2024. While steel is typically available from numerous suppliers, the price of steel is a commodity subject to 
fluctuations that apply across broad spectrums of the steel market. We do not use any derivative or hedging instruments to 
manage steel price risk. If the price of steel increases, our variable costs would also increase. While historically we have 
successfully mitigated these increased costs through the implementation of price increases, in the future we may not be able to 
successfully mitigate these costs, which could cause our operating margins to decline.
41

Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
 
SIMPSON MANUFACTURING CO., INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated financial statements
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID Number 248) 
43
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024 and 2023
45
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
46
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
47
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
48
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
50
Financial Statement Schedule
Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
81
42

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 
Opinion on the financial statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. (a Delaware corporation) 
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, 
stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes 
and financial statement schedule included under Item 15a (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In 
our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company 
as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period 
ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in 
the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated February 28, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion.
Basis for opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities 
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial 
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included 
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical audit matters
Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or 
required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the 
financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there 
are no critical audit matters.
/s/ Grant Thornton LLP 
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2015.
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2025 
43

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and 
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the 
Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of  December 31, 2024,  
based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, and our 
report dated February 28, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report 
on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (“Management’s Report”). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the 
PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and 
the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all 
material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk 
that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the 
assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures 
that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the 
company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 
/s/ Grant Thornton LLP 
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2025
44

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
 
December 31,
 
2024
2023
ASSETS
 
 
Current assets
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 239,371 $ 429,822 
Trade accounts receivable, net
 
284,392  
283,975 
Inventories
 
593,175  
551,575 
Other current assets
 
59,383  
47,069 
Total current assets
 1,176,321  1,312,441 
Property, plant and equipment, net
 
531,655  
418,612 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
 
93,933  
68,792 
Goodwill
 
512,383  
502,550 
Intangible assets, net
 
375,051  
365,339 
Other noncurrent assets
 
46,825  
36,990 
Total assets
$ 2,736,168 $ 2,704,724 
LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY,  AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities
Trade accounts payable
$ 100,972 $ 107,524 
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities
 
242,876  
231,233 
Long-term debt, current portion
 
22,500  
22,500 
Total current liabilities
 
366,348  
361,257 
Long-term debt, net of current portion and issuance costs
 
362,563  
458,791 
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion
 
76,184  
55,324 
Deferred income tax
 
90,303  
98,170 
Other long-term liabilities
 
27,636  
51,436 
Total liabilities
 
923,034  1,024,978 
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 15)
Non-qualified deferred compensation plan share awards
7,786
 
— 
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock, par value $0.01; authorized shares, 160,000; issued and outstanding shares, 
41,878 and 42,323 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively
 
424  
426 
Additional paid-in capital
 
307,197  
313,119 
Retained earnings
 1,646,568  1,426,554 
Common stock held in non-qualified deferred compensation plan ("DCP")
 
(1,297)  
— 
Treasury stock
 (100,771)  
(50,363) 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(46,773)  
(9,990) 
Total stockholders’ equity
 1,805,348  1,679,746 
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity, and stockholders’ equity
$ 2,736,168 $ 2,704,724 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
45

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2024
2023
2022
Net sales
$ 
2,232,139 $ 
2,213,803 $ 
2,116,087 
Cost of sales
 
1,206,288  
1,170,048  
1,174,794 
Gross profit
 
1,025,851  
1,043,755  
941,293 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
Research and development and other engineering
 
93,576  
92,167  
68,354 
Selling
 
219,402  
203,980  
169,378 
General and administrative
 
277,532  
268,103  
228,468 
 Total operating expenses
 
590,510  
564,250  
466,200 
Acquisition and integration related costs
 
5,813  
4,632  
17,343 
 Net gain on disposal of assets
 
(447)  
(276)  
(1,317) 
Income from operations
$ 
429,975 $ 
475,149 $ 
459,067 
 Interest income (expense), net and other financing costs
 
5,277  
3,391  
(7,594) 
 Other & foreign exchange loss, net
 
(1,209)  
(1,993)  
(3,408) 
Income before taxes
 
434,043  
476,547  
448,065 
 Provision for income taxes
 
111,819  
122,560  
114,070 
Net income
$ 
322,224 $ 
353,987 $ 
333,995 
Other comprehensive income
Translation adjustment and other, net of tax
 
(37,313)  
19,690  
(20,733) 
Unamortized pension adjustments, net of tax
 
(1,956)  
73  
2,065 
       Cash flow hedge adjustment, net of tax
 
2,486  
(25,694)  
32,214 
Comprehensive income
$ 
285,441 $ 
348,056 $ 
347,541 
Net income per common share:
Basic
$ 
7.64 $ 
8.31 $ 
7.78 
  Diluted
$ 
7.60 $ 
8.26 $ 
7.76 
 Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding
 
 
 
  Basic
 
42,182  
42,598  
42,925 
  Diluted
 
42,383  
42,837  
43,047 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
46

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024 
(In thousands, except per share data)
 
Common Stock
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive 
loss
DCP 
Vested
Treasury
Stock
 
 
Shares
Par Value
Stock
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2022
 
43,217 $ 
432 $ 
294,330 $ 
906,841 $ 
(17,605)  
— $ 
— $ 
1,183,998 
Net income
 
—  
—  
—  
333,995  
—  
—  
—  
333,995 
Translation adjustment and other, net of 
tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
(20,733)  
—  
—  
(20,733) 
Pension adjustment, net of tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
2,065  
—  
—  
2,065 
Cash flow hedges, net of tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
32,214  
—  
—  
32,214 
Stock-based compensation expense
 
—  
—  
12,422  
—  
—  
—  
—  
12,422 
Repurchase of common stock
 
(811)  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
(78,622)  
(78,622) 
Retirement of common stock
 
—  
(8)  
—  
(78,614)  
—  
—  
78,622  
— 
Cash dividends declared on common 
stock, $1.03 per share
 
—  
—  
—  
(44,192)  
—  
—  
—  
(44,192) 
Shares issued from release of restricted 
stock units
 
138  
1  
(9,553)  
—  
—  
—  
—  
(9,552) 
Common stock issued at $110.13 per 
share
 
16  
—  
1,784  
—  
—  
—  
—  
1,784 
Balance as of December 31, 2022
 
42,560  
425  
298,983  
1,118,030  
(4,059)  
—  
—  
1,413,379 
Net income
 
—  
—  
—  
353,987  
—  
—  
—  
353,987 
Translation adjustment and other, net of 
tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
19,690  
—  
—  
19,690 
Pension adjustment, net of tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
73  
—  
—  
73 
Cash flow hedges, net of tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
(25,694)  
—  
—  
(25,694) 
Stock-based compensation expense
 
—  
—  
19,627  
—  
—  
—  
—  
19,627 
Repurchase of common stock including 
excise tax
 
(361)  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
(50,363)  
(50,363) 
Cash dividends declared on common 
stock, $1.07 per share
 
—  
—  
—  
(45,463)  
—  
—  
—  
(45,463) 
Shares issued from release of restricted 
stock units
 
114  
1  
(7,431)  
—  
—  
—  
—  
(7,430) 
Common stock issued at $197.98 per 
share
 
10  
—  
1,940  
—  
—  
—  
—  
1,940 
Balance as of December 31, 2023
 
42,323  
426  
313,119  
1,426,554  
(9,990)  
—  
(50,363)  
1,679,746 
Net income
 
—  
—  
—  
322,224  
—  
—  
—  
322,224 
Translation adjustment and other, net of 
tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
(37,313)  
—  
—  
(37,313) 
Pension adjustment, net of tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
(1,956)  
—  
—  
(1,956) 
Cash flow hedges, net of tax
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
2,486  
—  
—  
2,486 
Stock-based compensation and deferred 
compensation plan ("DCP") expense
 
(12)  
—  
6,696  
—  
—  
—  
—  
6,696 
Common stock held in DCP
 
—  
—  
1,297  
—  
—  
(1,297)  
—  
— 
Change in redemption value of share 
awards in DCP
 
—  
—  
—  
(2,311)  
—  
—  
—  
(2,311) 
Acquisition of redeemable 
noncontrolling interests
 
—  
—  
(6,171)  
(2,742)  
—  
—  
—  
(8,913) 
Repurchase of common stock, 
including excise tax
 
(559)  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
(100,771)  
(100,771) 
Retirement of common stock
 
(3)  
—  
(50,360)  
— 
 
50,363  
— 
Cash dividends declared on common 
stock, $1.11 per share
 
—  
—  
—  
(46,797)  
—  
—  
—  
(46,797) 
Shares issued from release of Restricted 
Stock Units
 
126  
1  
(7,744)  
—  
—  
—  
—  
(7,743) 
Balance at December 31, 2024
 
41,878 $ 
424 $ 
307,197 $ 
1,646,568 $ 
(46,773)  
(1,297) $ (100,771) $ 
1,805,348 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
47

 Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2024
2023
2022
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
Net income
$ 322,224 $ 353,987 $ 333,995 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
activities:
 
 
 
Gain on sale of assets and other
 
(447)  
(558)  
(1,317) 
Write-off of software development project
 
710  
—  
— 
Depreciation and amortization
 
85,399  
74,707  
60,890 
Noncash lease expense
 
17,380  
14,205  
11,327 
Release of acquisition related tax and legal contingency
 
(1,797)  
—  
— 
Inventory step-up expense
 
—  
—  
13,572 
Loss (income) in equity method investment, before tax
 
740  
281  
(914) 
Deferred income taxes
 
(4,239)  
(7,541)  
(13,156) 
Noncash compensation related to stock plans and changes in the fair value 
of DCP
 
19,022  
23,859  
14,980 
Provision for credit losses
 
115  
730  
1,146 
Deferred hedge gain
 
(3,472)  
(3,860)  
(2,690) 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of amounts acquired (see Note 3)
 
 
 
Trade accounts receivable
 
(3,650)  
(13,051)  
19,763 
Inventories
 
(50,373)  
15,656  
(28,421) 
Other current assets
 
(12,745)  
734  
(6,107) 
Trade accounts payable
 
(5,812)  
(3,066)  
(4,016) 
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities
 
(7,860)  
(2,806)  
20,394 
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities
 
(17,035)  
(26,255)  
(19,625) 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
338,160  
427,022  
399,821 
Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
(180,357)  
(88,824)  
(62,362) 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (see Note 3)
 
(79,172)  
(23,353)  
(810,765) 
Purchases of equity investments
 
(1,615)  
(1,361)  
(3,178) 
Termination forward contracts
 
—  
—  
3,535 
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
 
1,885  
1,743  
2,526 
Proceeds from sale of a business
 
—  
8,544  
— 
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(259,259)  
(103,251)  
(870,244) 
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
Proceeds from lines of credit
 
2,445  
2,276  
717,268 
Repayments of line of credit
 
(100,752)  
(98,679)  
(134,120) 
Termination of cash flow hedge
 
—  
—  
21,252 
Debt issuance costs
 
—  
—  
(6,804) 
Repurchase of common stock
 
(100,000)  
(50,000)  
(78,622) 
Dividends paid
 
(46,500)  
(45,201)  
(43,895) 
Cash paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld
 
(7,744)  
(7,430)  
(9,553) 
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
(8,913)  
—  
— 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
(261,464)  
(199,034)  
465,526 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
 
(7,888)  
4,343  
4,484 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
(190,451)  
129,080  
(413) 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
 
429,822  
300,742  
301,155 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
$ 239,371 $ 429,822 $ 300,742 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
48

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid during the year for
 
 
 
Interest
$ 
13,435 $ 
16,439 $ 
17,028 
Income taxes
 
117,800  
123,400  
113,208 
Noncash activity during the year for
 
 
 
Noncash Capital expenditures
$ 
12,481 $ 
11,139 $ 
1,671 
Contingent consideration for acquisitions
 
—  
1,189  
6,500 
Issuance of Company’s common stock for compensation
 
—  
1,940  
960 
Dividends declared but not paid
 
11,729  
11,518  
11,223 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
49

Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
1.
Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Nature of Operations
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., through Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. and its other subsidiaries (collectively, the 
“Company”), focuses on designing, manufacturing, and marketing systems and products to make buildings and structures safe 
and secure. The Company designs, engineers and is a leading manufacturer of wood construction products, including 
connectors, truss plates, fastening systems, fasteners and shearwalls, and concrete construction products, including adhesives, 
specialty chemicals, mechanical anchors, powder actuated tools and fiber reinforcing materials. The Company markets its 
products to the residential construction, industrial, commercial and infrastructure construction, remodeling and do-it-yourself 
markets.
 
The Company operates exclusively in the building products industry. The Company’s products are sold primarily in the U.S., 
Canada, Europe and Pacific Rim. A significant portion of the Company’s business is dependent on economic activity within the 
North America segment. The Company's business is also dependent on the availability of steel, its primary raw material.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and its 
subsidiaries. Investments in 50.0% or less owned entities are accounted for using either cost or equity method. All significant 
intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior years' amounts have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal 
2024 presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated 
Statements of Operations, Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity or Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements 
and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes that these consolidated 
financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation under GAAP.
 
Cash Equivalents
 
The Company classifies investments that are highly liquid and have maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase as 
cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the value of these investments was $49.3 million and $163.6 million, 
respectively, consisting of money market funds. The value of the investments is based on cost, which approximates fair value 
based on Level 1 inputs.
Current Estimated Credit Loss - Allowance for doubtful accounts
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated future expected credit losses resulting 
from customers' failure to make payments on its accounts receivable. The Company determines the estimate of the allowance 
for doubtful accounts receivable by considering several factors, including (1) specific information on the financial condition 
and the current creditworthiness of customers, (2) credit rating, (3) payment history and historical experience, (4) aging of the 
accounts receivable, and (5) reasonable and supportable forecasts about collectability. The Company also reserves 100.0% of 
the amounts deemed uncollectible due to a customer's deteriorating financial condition or bankruptcy. 
Every quarter, the Company evaluates the customer group using the accounts receivable aging report and its best judgment 
when considering changes in customers' credit ratings, level of delinquency, customers' historical payments and loss 
experience, current market and economic conditions, and expectations of future market and economic conditions. 
50

The changes in the allowance for credit losses for the year ended December 31, 2024 are outlined in the table below:
Balance 
as of
Balance 
as of
(in thousands)
December 31, 
2023
Expense 
(Deductions), 
net
Write-Offs1
December 
31, 2024
Allowance for credit losses
$ 
3,881 $ 
115 $ 
998 $ 
2,998 
1Amount is net of recoveries and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations for the year ended December 31, 2024
Concentration of Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash in banks, short-term 
investments in money market funds and trade accounts receivable. The Company maintains its cash on demand deposit and in 
money market accounts held in 35 banks, and at times these cash and investments may be in excess of amounts insured by the 
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). However, we have not experienced any losses on these accounts.
Inventory Valuation
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes all costs incurred in bringing each product to its 
present location and condition, as follows:
 
•
Raw materials and purchased finished goods for resale — principally valued at a cost determined on a weighted 
average basis; and
•
In-process products and finished goods — the cost of direct materials and labor plus attributable overhead based on 
a normal level of activity.
 
The Company applies net realizable value when making estimates for obsolescence to the gross value of inventory. Estimated 
net realizable value is based on estimated selling price less further costs expected to be incurred through completion and 
disposal. The Company impairs slow-moving products by comparing inventories on hand to projected demand. If on-hand 
supply of a product exceeds projected demand or if the Company believes the product is no longer marketable, the product is 
considered obsolete inventory. The Company revalues obsolete inventory to its net realizable value and has consistently applied 
this methodology. When impairments are established, a new cost basis of the inventory is created. An unexpected change in 
market demand, building codes or buyer preferences could reduce the rate of inventory turnover and require the recognition of 
more obsolete inventory.
Other Current Assets
Other current assets consist primarily of prepaid expenses, derivative assets-current, and other miscellaneous assets. Refer to 
Note 9 for more information for derivative assets-current. The remaining assets are less than 5% of the other current assets.
Warranties and Recalls
 
The Company provides product warranties for specific product lines and records estimated expenses in the period in which the 
recall occurs, none of which has been material to the consolidated financial statements. In a limited number of circumstances, 
the Company may also agree to indemnify customers against legal claims made against those customers by the end users of the 
Company’s products. Historically, payments made by the Company, if any, under such agreements have not had a material 
effect on its consolidated statement of operations, cash flows or financial position.
Equity Investments
The Company accounts for investments and ownership interests under either cost or the equity method accounting when it has 
the ability to exercise significant influence but does not have a controlling financial interest. The Company records its interest 
in the net earnings of its equity method investees, along with adjustments for unrealized profits or losses within earnings or loss 
from equity interests in the consolidated statement of operations. The investment is reviewed for impairment whenever factors 
indicate the carrying amount might not be recoverable and the decrease in value, if any, is recognized in the period the 
impairment occurs in the consolidated statement of operations.
51

Fair Value of Financial Instruments 
Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between unrelated market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined 
based on assumptions that unrelated market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. Assets and liabilities 
recorded at fair value are measured and classified under a three-tier fair valuation hierarchy based on the observability of the 
inputs available in the market: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or 
liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; 
and Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair 
value. The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of 
unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The carrying amounts of trade accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued 
liabilities and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair values of 
the Company's investments and liabilities in the deferred compensation plan are classified as Level 1 within the fair value 
hierarchy, and are subject to investment risks. The fair values of interest rate and foreign currency contracts are classified as 
Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of the Company’s contingent consideration related to acquisitions is 
classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy, as these amounts are based on unobservable inputs such as management 
estimates and entity-specific assumptions and are evaluated on an ongoing basis.
The following tables summarize the financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value for the Company as of 
December 31, 2024 and 2023:
 
2024
2023
 (in thousands)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Cash equivalents (1)
$ 
49,273 $ 
— $ 
— $ 163,558 $ 
— $ 
— 
Term loan due 2027 (2)
 
—  388,125  
—  
—  
410,625  
— 
Revolver due 2027 (2)
 
—  
—  
—  
—  
75,038  
— 
Derivative instruments - assets (3)
 
—  32,355  
—  
—  
21,835  
— 
Derivative instruments - liabilities (3)
 
—  
7,198  
—  
—  
30,111  
— 
Investment in deferred compensation plan (4)
 
944  
—  
—  
—  
—  
— 
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (4)
 
1,974  
—  
—  
—  
—  
— 
Contingent considerations
 
—  
—  
5,400  
—  
—  
6,600 
(1) The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, representing money market funds traded in an active market with relatively short maturities, are reported on the 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 as a component of "Cash and cash equivalents".
(2) The carrying amounts of our term loan and revolver approximate fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 based upon their terms and conditions as 
disclosed in Note 14 in comparison to debt instruments with similar terms and conditions available on the same date.
(3) Derivatives for interest rate, foreign exchange, and forward swap contracts are discussed in Note 9.
(4) Non-qualified deferred compensation plan.
Derivative Instruments
The Company uses derivative instruments as a risk management tool to mitigate the potential impact of certain market risks. 
Foreign currency and interest rate risk are the primary market risks the Company manages through the use of derivative 
instruments, which are accounted for as cash flow hedges or net investment hedges under the accounting standards and carried 
at fair value as other current or noncurrent assets or as other current or other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance 
sheets. Assets and liabilities with the legal right of offset are not offset in the consolidated balance sheets. Net deferred gains 
and losses related to changes in fair value of cash flow hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive income/loss 
("OCI"), a component of stockholders' equity in the consolidated balance sheets; and are reclassified into the line item in the 
consolidated statement of operations in which the hedged items are recorded in the same period the hedged item affects 
earnings. The effective portion of gains and losses attributable to net investment hedges is recorded net of tax to OCI to offset 
the change in the carrying value of the net investment being hedged. Recognition in earnings of amounts previously recorded to 
OCI are limited to circumstances such as complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged 
foreign operation. Changes in fair value of any derivatives that are determined to be ineffective are immediately reclassified 
from OCI into earnings.
52

Deferred Compensation Plan
The Company established a non-qualified deferred compensation plan ("DCP" or “the Plan”) in April 2023 for eligible 
employees and members of the Board of Directors. The Plan provides eligible participants the opportunity to defer and invest a 
specified percentage of their compensation, including the Company stock awards upon vesting. The Plan is a non-qualified plan 
that is informally funded by assets in a rabbi trust, which restricts the Company's use and access to the assets held but is subject 
to the claims of the Company's creditors in the event that the Company becomes insolvent. The amount of compensation to be 
deferred by participants are based on their own elections and are adjusted for any investment changes that the participants 
direct. This plan does not provide for employer contributions.
The Plan permits diversification of vested shares (common stock) into other equity securities subject to a six-month holding 
period subsequent to vesting. Accounting for deferred common stock will be under either plan C or plan D. Accounting will 
depend on whether or not the employee has diversified the common stock. Under plan C, diversification is permitted but the 
employee has not diversified. Under plan D, diversification is permitted and the employee has diversified.
For common stock that have not been diversified, the employer stock held in the deferred compensation plan is classified in a 
manner similar to treasury stock and presented separately on the consolidated balance sheets as the Company's common stock 
held by the non-qualified deferred compensation plan. Common stock will be recorded at fair value of the stock at the time it 
vested, subsequent changes in the value of the common stock is not recognized. The deferred compensation obligations are 
measured independently at fair value of the common stock with a corresponding charge or credit to compensation cost. Fair 
value is determined as the product of the common stock and the closing price of the stock each reporting period.
Under plan D, assets held by the rabbi trust are subject to applicable GAAP. The deferred compensation obligation is measured 
independently at fair value of the underlying assets.
The Company previously presented certain DCP transactions within existing financial statement line items of the consolidated 
balance sheets and consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity for periods ended December 31, 2023. For the year ended 
December 31, 2024, the Company presented the equity balances related to "Non-qualified deferred compensation plan share 
awards" as mezzanine equity for $7.8 million and they were combined with stock-based compensation expense in the 
consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company has evaluated the errors 
both qualitatively and quantitatively and has concluded that they have immaterial impact on the periods presented.
Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions
Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. 
The acquisition method requires identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the 
business acquired be recognized and measured at fair value on the acquisition date, which is the date that the acquirer obtains 
control of the acquired business. The amount by which the fair value of consideration transferred as the purchase price exceeds 
the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. 
Acquisitions that do not meet the definition of a business under the ASC are accounted for as an acquisition of assets, whereby 
all of the cost of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including certain transactions costs, are allocated on a 
relative fair value basis. Accordingly, goodwill is never recognized in an asset acquisition. Refer to Note 3 for more 
information.
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized while maintenance and repairs 
are expensed as incurred. When assets are sold or retired, their costs and accumulated depreciation are removed from the 
accounts, and the resulting gains or losses are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.
 
The ASC 350 Intangibles—Goodwill and Other provides guidance on capitalization of the costs incurred for computer software 
developed or obtained for internal use. The Company capitalizes qualified external costs and internal costs related to the 
purchase and implementation of software projects used for business operations and engineering design activities. Capitalized 
software costs primarily include purchased software, internal costs and external consulting fees. Capitalized software projects 
are amortized over the estimated useful lives of the software.
53

Depreciation and Amortization
 
Software, including amounts capitalized for internally developed software is amortized on a straight-line basis over an 
estimated useful life of three to five years. Machinery and equipment is depreciated using accelerated methods over an 
estimated useful life of three to ten years. Buildings and site improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over 
their estimated useful lives, which range from 15 to 45 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line 
method over the shorter of the expected life or the remaining term of the lease. Purchased intangible assets with finite useful 
lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
 
Preferred Stock
 
The Company’s Board of Directors has the authority to issue authorized and unissued preferred stock in one or more series with 
such designations, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. Accordingly, the 
Board of Directors is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, redemption, liquidation, 
conversion, voting or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the Company’s 
common stock.
Common Stock
 
Subject to the rights of holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future, holders of common stock are entitled to 
receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors out of legally available funds, and in 
the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, to share ratably in all assets available for distribution. The 
holders of common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights. Subject to the rights of any preferred stock that may be 
issued in the future, the holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on any matter submitted to a vote of the 
stockholders. A director in an uncontested election is elected if the votes cast “for” such director’s election exceed the votes cast 
“against” such director’s election, except that, if a stockholder properly nominates a candidate for election to the Board of 
Directors, the candidates with the highest number of affirmative votes (up to the number of directors to be elected) are elected. 
There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to common stock.
Comprehensive Income or Loss
 
Comprehensive income is defined as net income plus other comprehensive income or loss. Other comprehensive income or loss 
consists of changes in cumulative translation adjustments, changes in unamortized pension adjustments and changes in the fair 
value of derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedge instruments, all of which are recorded directly in accumulated 
other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity. 
Foreign Currency Translation
 
The local currency is the functional currency for all of the Company’s operations in Europe, Canada, Asia, Australia and New 
Zealand. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate on the balance sheet 
date. Revenues and expenses are translated using average exchange rates prevailing during the year. The translation adjustment 
resulting from this process is shown separately as a component of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains or 
losses are presented below operating income. 
 
Revenue Recognition 
 
Generally, the Company's revenue contract with a customer exists when (1) the goods are shipped, services are rendered, and 
the related invoice is generated, (2) the duration of the contract does not extend beyond the promised goods or services already 
transferred and (3) the transaction price of each distinct promised product or service specified in the invoice is based on its 
relative stated standalone selling price. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by 
transferring control of a product to a customer at a point in time. Our shipping terms provide the primary indicator of the 
transfer of control. The Company's general shipping terms are Incoterm C.P.T. (F.O.B. shipping point), where the title, and risk 
and rewards of ownership transfer at the point when the products are no longer on the Company's premises. Other Incoterms are 
allowed as exceptions depending on the product or service being sold and the nature of the sale. The Company recognizes 
revenue based on the consideration specified in the invoice with a customer, excluding any sales incentives, discounts, and 
amounts collected on behalf of third parties (i.e., governmental tax authorities). Based on historical experience with the 
customer, the customer's purchasing pattern, and its significant experience selling products, the Company concluded that a 
significant reversal in the cumulative amount of revenue recognized would not occur when the uncertainty (if any) is resolved 
(that is, when the total amount of purchases is known).
54

 
Contract liability is recorded when consideration is received from a customer and the Company has remaining unsatisfied 
performance obligations.
The Company presents taxes collected and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis in the consolidated statements of 
operations. Additionally, all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific 
revenue-producing transaction and collected from a customer (e.g., sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes) are excluded 
from revenue. Refer to Note 2 for more information.
 
Cost of Sales
 
Cost of sales includes material, labor, factory and tooling overhead, shipping, and freight costs. Major components of these 
expenses are steel and other materials, packaging and cartons, personnel costs, and facility costs, such as rent, depreciation and 
utilities, related to the production and distribution of the Company’s products. Inbound freight charges, purchasing and 
receiving costs, inspection costs, warehousing costs, internal transfer costs, and other costs of the Company’s distribution 
network are also included in cost of sales.
 
Tool and Die Costs
Tool and die costs are included in product costs in the year incurred.
 
Product and Software Research and Development Costs
 
Product research and development costs, which are included in operating expenses and are charged against income as incurred, 
were $20.7 million, $24.8 million and $15.7 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Product research and development 
expenses include all related personnel costs including salary, benefits, retirement, stock-based compensation costs, as well as 
computer and software costs, professional fees, supplies, tools and maintenance costs. In 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company 
incurred software development expenses related to its ongoing expansion into the component manufacturing and residential 
markets as well as ongoing development of construction-related applications that serve multiple end markets, and some of the 
software development costs were capitalized that were amortized over the estimated useful lives and reviewed for impairment. 
The Company amortizes acquired patents over their remaining lives and performs periodic reviews for impairment. The cost of 
internally developed patents is expensed as incurred. Refer to Note 10 for more information. 
 
Selling Costs
 
Selling costs include expenses associated with selling, merchandising and marketing the Company’s products. Major 
components of these expenses are personnel, sales commissions, facility costs such as rent, depreciation and utilities, 
professional services, information technology costs, sales promotion, advertising, literature and trade shows.
 
Advertising Costs
 
Advertising costs are included in selling expenses and were $14.6 million, $12.3 million, and $12.6 million in 2024, 2023, and 
2022, respectively.
 
General and Administrative Costs
 
General and administrative costs include personnel, information technology related costs, facility costs such as rent, 
depreciation and utilities, professional services, amortization of intangibles and bad debt charges.
 
Accounting for Leases
The Company has operating leases for certain facilities, equipment, autos and data centers. As an accounting policy for short-
term leases, the Company elected to not recognize a right-of-use asset ("ROU asset") and liability if, at the commencement 
date, the lease (1) has a term of 12 months or less and (2) does not include renewal and purchase options that the Company is 
reasonably certain to exercise. Monthly payments on short-term leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the full lease 
term. 
55

Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to the estimated fair value of restricted stock awards on a 
straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period of the awards, which is generally the vesting 
term of three or four years. Stock-based compensation related to performance share grants are measured based on grant date fair 
value and expensed on a graded basis over the service period of the awards, which is generally a performance period of three 
years. The performance conditions are based on the Company's achievement of revenue growth and return on invested capital 
over the performance period, and are evaluated for the probability of vesting at the end of each reporting period with changes in 
expected results cumulatively recognized as an adjustment to expense. The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of 
restricted stock grants are evaluated and revised, as necessary, to reflect market conditions and the Company’s experience.
Income Taxes
 
Income taxes are calculated using an asset and liability approach. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and 
foreign taxes currently payable, and deferred taxes due to temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases 
of assets and liabilities. In addition, future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more 
likely than not. This method gives consideration to the future tax consequences of the deferred income tax items and 
immediately recognizes changes in income tax laws in the year of enactment. 
 
Net Income per Share 
 
Basic net income per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. 
Potentially dilutive shares are included in the diluted per-share calculations using the treasury stock method for all periods when 
the effect of their inclusion is dilutive.
Accounting Standard Adopted
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2023-07 
requiring enhanced segment disclosures. ASU 2023-07 requires disclosure of significant segment expenses regularly provided 
to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) included within segment operating profit or loss. Additionally, ASU 2023-07 
requires a description of how the CODM utilizes segment operating profit or loss to assess segment performance. The 
requirements of the ASU are effective for the annual period ending December 31,2024, and requires companies to apply them 
retrospectively. The Company adopted the ASU using retrospective transition method, and it had no impact on the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 19 for more information.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted 
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 requiring enhanced income tax disclosures. The ASU requires disclosure of 
specific categories and disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table. The ASU also requires disclosure of 
disaggregated information related to income taxes paid, income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense 
or benefit, and income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations. The requirements of the ASU are effective for annual 
periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments should be applied on a 
prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact of the ASU on 
its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 requiring public companies to disclose, in interim and reporting periods, 
additional information about certain expenses in the financial statements. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning 
after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted and is 
effective on either a prospective basis or retrospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the potential impacts of 
adoption on the consolidated financial statements.
The Company does not believe other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB will have a material impact on its 
consolidated financial statements.
56

2.
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Disaggregated revenue
The Company disaggregates net sales into the following major product groups as described in its segment information included 
in these financial statements under Note 19.
Wood Construction Products Revenue. Wood construction products represented approximately 85.1%, 85.4%, and 87.0% of 
total net sales in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 respectively.
Concrete Construction Products Revenue. Concrete construction products represented approximately 14.8%, 14.5%, and 13.0% 
of total net sales in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Customer acceptance criteria. Generally, there are no customer acceptance criteria included in the Company’s standard sales 
agreement with customers. When an arrangement with the customer does not meet the criteria to be accounted for as a revenue 
contract under the standard, the Company recognizes revenue in the amount of nonrefundable consideration received when the 
Company has transferred control of the goods or services and has stopped transferring (and has no obligation to transfer) 
additional goods or services. The Company offers certain customers discounts for paying invoices ahead of the due date, which 
are generally 30 to 60 days after the issue date.
Other revenue. Service sales, representing after-market repair and maintenance, engineering activities and software license sales 
and services were less than 0.5% of net sales for 2024, 2023 and 2022 and recognized as the services are completed or by 
transferring control over a product to a customer at a point in time. Services may be sold separately or in bundled packages. The 
typical contract length for services is generally less than one year. For bundled packages, the Company accounts for individual 
services separately when they are distinct within the context of the contract. A distinct service is separately identifiable from 
other items in the bundled package if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available 
to the customer. The consideration (including any discounts) is allocated between separate services in a bundle based on their 
stand-alone selling prices. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately 
sells the services.
Reconciliation of contract balances
Contract assets are the right to receive consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Company has transferred to a 
customer when that right is conditional on something other than the passage of time. Contract liabilities are recorded for any 
services billed to customers and not yet recognizable if the contract period has commenced or for the amount collected from 
customers in advance of the contract period commencing. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no material 
contract assets from contracts with customers.
Other accounting considerations
Volume discounts. Volume discounts are accounted for as variable consideration because the transaction price is uncertain until 
the customer completes or fails to purchase the specified volume of purchases (consideration is contingent on a future outcome 
- occurrence or nonoccurrence). In addition, the Company applies the volume rebate or discount retrospectively, because the 
final price of each product or services sold depends on the customer's total purchases subject to the rebate program. Estimated 
rebates are deducted from revenues based on the gross transaction price and historical experience with the customer.
Rights of return and other allowances. Rights of return create variability in the transaction price. The Company accounts for 
returned product during the return period as a refund to customer and not a performance obligation. The estimated allowance 
for returns is based on historical percentage of returns and allowance from prior periods and the customer's historical 
purchasing pattern. This estimate is deducted from revenues based on the gross transaction price.
Principal versus Agent. The Company considered the principal versus agent guidance of the revenue recognition standard and 
concluded that the Company is the principal in a third-party transaction. The Company manufactures its products and has 
control over the transfer of its products to Dealer Distributors, Contract Distributors, and end customers.
Costs to obtain or fulfill a contract. Costs incurred to obtain a contract are immaterial. Commission cost is not an incremental 
cost directly related to obtaining a contract.
57

Shipping costs. The Company recognizes shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of 
goods as a fulfillment cost rather than as an additional promised service. Therefore, the Company recognizes revenue and 
accrues shipping and handling costs when the control of goods transfers to the customer upon shipment.
Advertising costs. Cooperative advertising and partnership discounts are consideration payable to a customer and not payment 
in exchange for a distinct product or service at fair value. Estimated cooperative advertising and partnership discounts are 
reductions of the transaction price.
3.  Acquisitions
On April 1, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of 100.0% of the outstanding equity interest of FIXCO Invest S.A.S. 
(together with its subsidiaries, "ETANCO") for total purchase consideration of $805.4 million, net of cash acquired (the 
"Acquisition"). The Acquisition was completed pursuant to the securities purchase agreement dated January 26, 2022, as 
amended (the “SPA”), by and among the Company, Fastco Investment, Fastco Financing, LRLUX and certain other security 
holders. The purchase price for the Acquisition was paid using cash on hand and borrowings in the amount of $250.0 million 
under the revolving credit facility and $450.0 million under the term loan facility. See Note 14 for further information on the 
Amended and Restated Credit Facility.
ETANCO is a manufacturer and distributor of fastener and fixing products headquartered in France and its primary product 
applications directly align with the addressable markets in which the Company operates. The Acquisition allows the Company 
to enter into new commercial building markets such as façades, waterproofing, safety and solar, as well as grow its share of 
direct business sales in Europe.
ETANCO’s results of operations were included in the Company's consolidated financial statements from the April 1, 2022 
acquisition date, and as such, only includes ETANCO's results of operations for the nine months ending December 31, 2022. 
ETANCO had net sales of $212.6 million and a net loss of $5.9 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2022, which 
includes costs related to fair-value adjustments for acquired inventory, amortization of acquired intangible assets, and expenses 
incurred for integration.
Purchase price allocation
The Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business 
Combinations (“ASC 805”) which requires, among other things, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business 
combination be recorded at fair value as of the acquisition date with limited exceptions. 
The allocation of the $824.4 million purchase price, including cash, to the estimated fair values of the tangible and intangible 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed is as follows:
(in thousands)
Amount
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 
19,010 
Trade accounts receivable, net
 
63,607 
Inventory
 
107,185 
Other current assets
 
4,491 
Property and equipment, net
 
89,695 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
 
5,361 
Goodwill
 
365,591 
Intangible assets, net
 
357,327 
Other noncurrent assets
 
2,881 
Total assets
 
1,015,148 
Trade accounts payable 
 
46,457 
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities
 
22,079 
Operating lease liabilities 
 
5,176 
Deferred income tax and other long-term liabilities 
 
117,031 
Total purchase price
$ 
824,405 
58

Trade accounts receivable, net
The gross amount of trade receivables acquired was approximately $67.4 million, of which $66.0 million was collected, in 
excess of the original collectible estimate of $63.6 million.
Inventory
Acquired inventory primarily consists of raw materials and finished goods consisting of building and construction materials 
products. The Company adjusted acquired finished goods higher by $13.6 million to estimated fair value based on expected 
selling prices less a reasonable amount for selling efforts. The fair value adjustment was fully recognized as a component of 
cost of sales over the inventory’s estimated turnover period during the nine months ended December 31, 2022. There were no 
such adjustments during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Property and equipment, net
Acquired property and equipment includes land of $16.1 million, buildings and site improvements of $32.5 million, and 
machinery, equipment, and software of $41.1 million. The estimated fair value of property and equipment was determined 
primarily using market and/or cost approach methodologies. The acquired fair value for buildings and site improvements will 
depreciate on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets for a period of up to sixteen years, and machinery, 
equipment and software will depreciate on an accelerated basis over an estimated useful life of three to ten years.
Goodwill
The excess of purchase price over the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill and relates to the value that is expected 
from the acquired assembled workforce as well as the increased scale and synergies resulting from the integration of both 
businesses. The goodwill recognized from the Acquisition is not deductible for local income tax purposes. Goodwill was 
allocated to components within ETANCO.
Intangible assets, net
The estimated fair value of intangible assets acquired was determined primarily using income approach methodologies. The 
values allocated to intangible assets and the useful lives are as follows:
(in thousands except useful life)
Weighted-average useful 
life (in years) 
Amount
Customer relationships
15 $ 
248,398 
Trade names
 Indefinite  
93,811 
Developed technology
10  
11,256 
Patents
8  
3,862 
$ 
357,327 
The acquired definite-lived intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives, which 
approximates the pattern in which these assets are utilized.
Deferred taxes
As a result of the increase in fair value of inventory, property and equipment, and intangible assets, deferred tax liabilities of 
$105.9 million were recognized, primarily due to intangible assets.
Acquisition and integration related costs
During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company incurred acquisition and integration related expenses of $17.3 million. 
These costs were included in the Company's income from operations.
Unaudited pro forma results
The following unaudited pro forma combined financial information presents estimated results as if the Company acquired 
ETANCO on January 1, 2021. The unaudited pro forma financial information as presented below is for informational purposes 
59

only and does not purport to actually represent what the Company’s combined results of operations would have been had the 
Acquisition occurred on January 1, 2021, or what those results will be for any future periods.
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information has been prepared using the acquisition method of 
accounting in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
2022
2021
Net sales
$ 
2,195,271 $ 
1,884,654 
Net income
$ 
363,527 $ 
261,389 
Pro forma earnings per common share:
Basic
$ 
8.47 $ 
6.03 
Diluted
$ 
8.44 $ 
6.00 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic
 
42,925  
43,325 
Diluted
 
43,047  
43,532 
The unaudited pro forma results above includes the following non-recurring charges to net income:
1) Acquisition and integration related costs of $17.3 million which were incurred during the twelve months ended December 
31, 2022, were adjusted as if such costs were incurred during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021.
2) The $13.6 million fair value adjustment for inventory recognized during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, was 
adjusted as if incurred during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021.
3) Net income for ETANCO includes adjustments of $0.4 million and $3.2 million to conform ETANCO’s historical financial 
results prepared under French GAAP to U.S. GAAP for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, 
respectively. The U.S. GAAP adjustments are primarily related to share-based payments expense on awards that were settled 
prior to the Acquisition, and costs incurred and capitalized by ETANCO on its historical acquisitions.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company also completed three other acquisitions that were not material to the 
Company's consolidated financial statements, individually and in aggregate. Accordingly, pro-forma historical results of 
operations related to these business acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2024 have not been presented, but 
summarized below.
On June 1, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the operating assets and assumed liabilities of Calculated 
Structured Designs, Inc. ("CSD"), a software development company providing solutions for the engineered wood, engineering, 
design and building industries in North America, Australia and the UK.
On August 1, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the operating assets and assumed liabilities of Monet 
DeSauw Inc. and certain properties of Callaway Properties, LLC (together with its subsidiaries, “Monet”) for a total purchase 
consideration of approximately $48.7 million net of cash received and liabilities assumed. Monet specializes in the production 
of large-scale saws and material handling equipment for the truss industry in the United States. 
On September 1, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the operating assets and assumed liabilities of 
QuickFrames USA, LLC (QuickFrames), a manufacturer of pre-engineered structural support systems for commercial 
construction with sales in North America.
The following table summarizes the Company's preliminary purchase price allocations of assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed as of the acquisition dates for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, including the related estimated useful 
lives, where applicable:
60

Amounts
(in thousands)
Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Net working capital
$ 
3,165 
Land
 
310 
Machinery and Equipment
 
396 
1 - 5
Building Improvements
 
500 
28
Intangible assets
8
Tradename and other (definite)
 
1,088 
10
Tradename (indefinite)
 
11,900 
Customer relationships
 
10,761 
7
Developed technology
 
13,008 
5 - 10
Patent
 
15,800 
10
Goodwill
 
32,821 
Liabilities assumed
 
(10,482) 
Total net assets acquired and liabilities assumed
$ 
79,267 
The valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for CSD and QuickFrames have not yet been finalized as of 
December 31, 2024, and finalization of these valuations during the measurement period could result in a change in the amounts 
recorded. The completion of the valuations for CSD and QuickFrames will occur no later than one year from the acquisition 
dates as required by U.S. GAAP.
The amount of goodwill generated from these acquisitions is deductible for tax purposes.
      4.  Net Income per Share
The following shows a reconciliation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”) to diluted EPS:
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 (in thousands, except per-share amounts)
2024
2023
2022
Net income available to common stockholders
$ 322,224 $ 
353,987 $ 333,995 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
 
42,182  
42,598  
42,925 
Dilutive effect of potential common stock equivalents
 
201  
239  
122 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
 
42,383  
42,837  
43,047 
Net earnings per share:
 
 
 
Basic
$ 
7.64 $ 
8.31 $ 
7.78 
Diluted
$ 
7.60 $ 
8.26 $ 
7.76 
5.  Stockholders' Equity
 
Stock Repurchases
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 ("IRA") was signed into law. The provisions included a new 
Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax "CAMT", an excise tax of 1.0% on stock buybacks, and significant tax incentives for 
energy and climate initiatives, all effective for tax year 2023 and onwards. The Company is not subject to the provisions of 
CAMT and does not expect the impact of the remaining provisions to be material.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Company repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of the Company’s 
common stock in the open market at an average price of $178.83 per share, for a total of $100.0 million under the previously 
announced $100.0 million share repurchase authorization (which expired at the end of 2024). As of December 31, 2024, the 
61

Company accrued approximately $0.8 million for the excise tax, which is included as a cost of treasury stock; however, this is 
not reflected in the share repurchase amounts above.
Comprehensive Income or Loss
 
The following shows the components of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 
2022 respectively:
Foreign 
Currency 
Translation
Pension 
Benefit
Cash Flow 
Hedge
Forward 
Foreign 
Currency
Total
(in thousands) 
Balance as of January 1, 2022
$ 
(15,221) $ 
(2,506) $ 
— $ 
122 $ 
(17,605) 
Other comprehensive gain/(loss) net of tax benefit 
(expense) of $0, ($133), ($10,264) and ($951), 
respectively.
 
(20,942)  
2,065  
42,740  
11,898  
35,761 
Amounts reclassified from accumulative other 
comprehensive income, net of $0 tax
 
209  
—  
(18,987)  
(3,437)  
(22,215) 
Balance as of December 31, 2022
 
(35,954)  
(441)  
23,753  
8,583  
(4,059) 
Other comprehensive gain/(loss), net of tax benefit 
(expense) of $0, ($1), $6,254 and $2,711, respectively.
 
19,690  
73  
(3,815)  
(8,785)  
7,163 
Amounts reclassified from accumulative other 
comprehensive income, net of $0 tax
 
—  
—  
(8,187)  
(4,907)  
(13,094) 
Balance at December 31, 2023
 
(16,264)  
(368)  
11,751  
(5,109)  
(9,990) 
Other comprehensive gain/(loss), net of tax benefit 
(expense) of $0, ($1), $1,437 and ($2,207), respectively.
 
(37,313)  
(1,956)  
39,000  
11,505  
11,236 
Amounts reclassified from accumulative other 
comprehensive income, net of $0 tax
 
—  
—  
(43,227)  
(4,792)  
(48,019) 
Balance at December 31, 2024
$ 
(53,577) $ 
(2,324) $ 
7,524 $ 
1,604 $ 
(46,773) 
      6.  Stock-Based Compensation
The Company currently maintains the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Incentive Plan (the “2011 
Plan”) as its only equity incentive plan. Under the 2011 Plan, no more than 16.3 million shares of the Company’s common 
stock in aggregate may be issued, including shares already issued pursuant to prior awards granted under the 2011 Plan. Shares 
of common stock underlying awards to be issued pursuant to the 2011 Plan are registered under the Securities Act. Under the 
2011 Plan, the Company may grant restricted stock and restricted stock units. The Company currently intends to award only 
performance-based stock units ("PSUs") and/or time-based restricted stock units ("RSUs"). 
The following table shows the Company’s stock-based compensation activity:
 
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands) 
2024
2023
2022
Stock-based compensation expense recognized 
$ 13,112 $ 19,726 $ 12,503 
Tax benefit of stock-based compensation expense in provision for income taxes
 
3,204  
4,808  
3,133 
Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax
$ 
9,908 $ 14,918 $ 
9,370 
The Company allocates stock-based compensation expense amongst cost of sales, research and development and other 
engineering expense, selling expense, or general and administrative expense based on the job functions performed by the 
employees to whom the stock-based compensation is awarded. Stock-based compensation capitalized in inventory was 
immaterial for all periods presented. 
62

The following table summarizes the Company’s unvested restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Shares
(in thousands)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value *
(in thousands)
Unvested Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Outstanding as of January 1, 2024
 
378 $ 
102.87 $ 
74,850 
Awarded
 
161  
177.60 
Vested
 
(167)  
103.64 
Forfeited
 
(36)  
116.62 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
 
336  
130.42  
55,333 
Outstanding and expected to vest at December 31, 2024
 
327 
 
54,249 
* The intrinsic value for outstanding and expected to vest is calculated using the closing price per share of $165.83, as reported by the New York Stock 
Exchange on December 31, 2024.
 
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company granted 156 thousand RSUs and PSUs to the Company’s employees, 
including officers at an estimated weighted average fair value of $177.73 per share, based on the closing price (adjusted for 
certain market factors primarily the present value of dividends) of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The RSUs 
and PSUs granted to the Company’s employees may be time-based, performance-based or time- and performance-based. 
Certain of the PSUs are granted to officers and key employees, where the number of performance-based awards to be issued is 
based on the achievement of certain Company performance criteria established in the award agreement over a cumulative three 
years period. These awards cliff vest after three years. In addition, these same officers and key employees also receive time-
based RSUs, which vest pursuant to a three-year graded vesting schedule. Time and performance-based RSUs granted to the 
Company’s employees excluding officers and certain key employees, vest ratably over the four-year life of the award and 
through 2020, required the underlying shares of the Company's common stock to be subject to a performance-based adjustment 
during the first year and starting in 2021, were time-based awards which vest ratable over the four-year life of the award.
The Company’s seven non-employee directors serving during 2024 are entitled to receive approximately $0.9 million in equity 
compensation annually. The number of shares granted is based on the average closing share price for the Company over the 60 
days period prior to approval of the award in the second quarter of each year. In May 2024, the Company granted 4,692 shares 
of the Company's common stock to the non-employee directors, based on the average closing price of $173.89 per share and 
recognized total expense of $0.8 million. 
The total intrinsic value of RSUs and PSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $31.8 
million, $20.3 million and $25.6 million, respectively, based on the market value on the vest date.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s aggregate unamortized stock compensation expense was approximately $24.2 
million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.2 years.
Stock Bonus Plan
The Company also maintains the Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 1994 Employee Stock Bonus Plan (the “Stock Bonus 
Plan”), whereby it awards shares of the Company’s common stock to employees, who do not otherwise participate in any of the 
Company’s equity-based incentive plans and meet minimum service requirements. Shares have generally been awarded under 
the Stock Bonus Plan following the year in which the respective employee reached his or her tenth, twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 
or fiftieth anniversary of employment with the Company or any direct or indirect subsidiary thereof. 
The Company awarded shares for service through 2024, 2023, and 2022 as shown below:
December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Shares to be issued
 
21,266  
9,800  
9,300 
Shares settled with cash (foreign employees)
 
763  
4,900  
7,400 
Total awards
 
22,029  
14,700  
16,700 
63

As a result, we recorded pre-tax compensation charges of $3.7 million, $1.9 million, and $1.5 million for years ended 
December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. These charges include cash bonuses to compensate employees for income 
taxes payable as a result of the stock bonuses.
7. 
Trade Accounts Receivable, net
Trade accounts receivable consisted of the following:
 
As of December 31,
 (in thousands)
2024
2023
Trade accounts receivable
$ 
291,480 $ 
292,360 
Allowance for credit losses
 
(2,998)  
(3,881) 
Allowance for sales discounts
 
(4,090)  
(4,504) 
 
$ 
284,392 $ 
283,975 
      8.   Inventories
 
The components of inventories are as follows:
 
 As of December 31,
 (in thousands)
2024
2023
Raw materials
$ 
207,818 $ 
167,177 
In-process products
 
57,627  
57,432 
Finished products
 
327,730  
326,966 
 
$ 
593,175 $ 
551,575 
9.   Derivative Instruments
The Company enters into derivative instrument agreements, including forward foreign currency exchange contracts, interest 
rate swaps, and cross currency swaps to manage risk in connection with changes in foreign currency and interest rates. The 
Company hedges committed exposures and does not engage in speculative transactions. The Company only enters into 
derivative instrument agreements with counterparties who have highly rated credit. 
The Company produces certain of its concrete products from a wholly owned subsidiary in China, and as a result is exposed to 
variability in cash outflows associated with changes in the foreign exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and the Chinese Yuan 
(CNY). In November 2022, the Company entered into a series of foreign currency derivative contracts that matured monthly 
between January 2023 and December 2023. These forward contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges under the 
accounting standards, and fair value is included in other current assets or other current liabilities, as applicable, in the 
consolidated balance sheet. Net deferred gains and losses on these contracts relating to changes in fair value are included in 
accumulated other OCI and are reclassified into cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations in the which the 
hedged items are recorded in the same period the hedged item affects earnings. There were $0.2 million in losses recorded on 
these contracts during the year ended December 31, 2023 and $0.2 million in losses recorded on these contracts during the year 
ending December 31, 2024. 
Beginning in March 2022, the Company entered into a forward foreign currency contract expiring in March 2029 to hedge its 
exposure to adverse foreign currency exchange rate movements for its operations in Europe and elected the spot method for 
designating this contract as a net investment hedge with the net interest income from forward points excluded and amortized to 
interest expense. During May 2022, the Company settled the March 2022 forward foreign currency contract for $3.9 million in 
cash, which included $0.4 million in recognized forward points, terminated the hedge accounting treatment and simultaneously 
entered into a new forward foreign currency contract expiring in March 2029 with the same notional amount at a new forward 
rate. The Company also elected the spot method for designating the May 2022 contract as a net investment hedge. The 
$3.5 million gain recognized on the March 2022 contract from recognized forward points is deferred in OCI and will remain in 
OCI until either the sale or substantially complete liquidation of the hedged subsidiaries.
64

Beginning in March 2022, the Company also converted a Euro-denominated ("EUR"), fixed rate obligation into a U.S. Dollar 
fixed rate obligation using a receive fixed, pay fixed cross currency swap, which was designated as a cash flow hedge. During 
May 2022, the Company settled the March 2022 cross currency swap for $22.4 million in cash, which was comprised of 
$21.3 million gain on the swap excluding accrued interest and $1.1 million of net interest income accrued according to the 
terms of the swap. The Company terminated the hedge accounting treatment and simultaneously entered into a new cross 
currency swap expiring in March 2029 with a lower notional amount for the US dollar denominated leg at a new US dollar 
interest rate. An amount of $28.3 million was reclassified out of OCI into earnings to offset the currency loss on the underlying 
security being hedged resulting in a net $7.0 million hedge accounting balance reserved within OCI, which is being amortized 
to interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations through the termination of the underlying hedged intercompany 
debt in March 2029.
In addition, the Company converted its domestic U.S. variable rate debt to fixed rate debt using a receive variable, pay fixed 
interest rate swap expiring March 2027. The interest rate swap contract is also designated as a cash flow hedge. 
As of December 31, 2024, the aggregate notional amount of the Company's outstanding interest rate contracts, cross currency 
swap contracts and EUR forward contracts were $388.1 million, $406.9 million, and $321.7 million, respectively. As of 
December 31, 2023, there were no outstanding forward contracts on its Chinese Yuan denominated purchases. 
Changes in fair value of any forward contracts that are determined to be ineffective are immediately reclassified from OCI into 
earnings. There were no amounts recognized due to ineffectiveness during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024.
The effects of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the consolidated statements of operations for the periods ended 
December 31, were as follows:
(in thousands)
Cost of 
sales
Interest 
expense, 
net
Other & 
foreign 
exchange 
loss, net
Cost of sales
Interest 
expense, net
Other & 
foreign 
exchange loss, 
net
Total amounts of income and 
expense line items presented in 
the Consolidated Statements of 
Operations in which the effects 
of fair value or cash flow hedges 
are recorded
$ 1,206,288 $ 
5,277 $ 
(1,209) 
$ 
1,170,048 $ 
3,391 $ 
(1,993) 
The effects of fair value and 
cash flow hedging
Gain or (loss) on cash flow 
hedging relationships 
Interest contracts:
Amount of gain or 
(loss) reclassified 
from OCI to 
earnings
 
—  
11,712  
— 
 
—  
15,722  
— 
Cross currency swap 
contract
Amount of gain or 
(loss) reclassified 
from OCI to 
earnings
 
—  
4,939  
26,577 
 
—  
5,170  
(12,704) 
Forward contract
Amount of gain or 
(loss) reclassified 
from OCI to 
earnings
 
(188)  
—  
— 
 
(155)  
—  
— 
2024
2023
The effects of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 
2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows:
65

Cash Flow Hedging 
Relationships
Gain (Loss) Recognized in 
OCI
Location of Gain (Loss) 
Reclassified from OCI into 
Earnings
Gain (Loss) Reclassified 
from OCI into Earnings
(in thousands)
2024
2023
2024
2023
Interest rate contracts
$ 
8,589 $ 
4,668 Interest expense
$ 
11,712 $ 
15,722 
Cross currency contracts
 
28,974  
(14,737) Interest expense
 
4,939  
5,170 
Forward contracts
 
(124) FX gain (loss)
 
26,577  
(12,704) 
Cost of goods sold
 
(188)  
(155) 
Total
$ 
37,563 $ 
(10,193) 
$ 
43,040 $ 
8,033 
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, a gain of $13.9 million and a loss of $11.4 million, respectively, on 
the net investment hedge were included in OCI. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, deferred gains 
from the forward points of $5.1 million for both years were reclassified from OCI to interest expense. 
As of December 31, 2024, the aggregate fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments on the Consolidated Balance 
Sheet were comprised of an asset of $32.4 million, of which $13.6 million is included in other current assets, and the balance of 
$18.8 million as other non-current assets, and of a noncurrent liability of $7.2 million included as deferred income tax and other 
long-term liabilities.
As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments on the Consolidated Balance 
Sheet were comprised of an asset of $21.9 million, of which $14.5 million is included in other current assets, and the balance of 
$7.4 million as other non-current assets, and of a noncurrent liability of $30.1 million included as deferred income tax and other 
long-term liabilities.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company expects it will reclassify net gains of approximately $15.0 million, currently recorded 
in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI), into interest expense in earnings within the next twelve months. 
However, the actual amount reclassified could vary due to future changes in the fair value of these derivatives.
10.   Property, Plant and Equipment, net
 
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:
 
December 31,
 (in thousands)
2024
2023
Land
$ 
61,054 $ 
62,587 
Buildings and site improvements
 
246,138  
246,021 
Leasehold improvements
 
11,313  
7,782 
Machinery and equipment
 
567,322  
516,017 
 
 
885,827  
832,407 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
(516,320)  
(474,974) 
 
 
369,507  
357,433 
Capital projects in progress
 
162,148  
61,179 
 
$ 
531,655 $ 
418,612 
 
Property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2024, and 2023, includes fully depreciated assets with an original cost of 
$402.1 million and $352.5 million, respectively, which are still in use. The Company capitalizes certain development costs 
associated with internal use software, including the direct costs of services provided by third-party consultants and payroll for 
internal employees, both of which are performing development and implementation activities on a software project. As of 
December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company had capitalized software development costs net of accumulated amortization of 
$35.9 million and $33.8 million, respectively, included in machinery and equipment and as of December 31, 2024, and 2023, 
and $16.1 million and $9.7 million, respectively, was included in capital projects in progress. 
Depreciation expense, including depreciation of equipment and amortization of internally developed and acquired software, was 
$59.7 million, $51.2 million, and $43.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 
66

      11.   Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The annual changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by segment, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows, 
respectively:
(in thousands)
North
America
Europe
Asia
Pacific
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2023
$ 
103,572 $ 
390,799 $ 
1,301 $ 
495,672 
Goodwill acquired
 
(2,077) 1  
1,497  
—  
(580) 
Goodwill disposed
 
—  
(5,678) 2  
—  
(5,678) 
Foreign exchange
 
63  
13,075  
(2)  
13,136 
Balance as of December 31, 2023
 
101,558  
399,693  
1,299  
502,550 
Goodwill acquired
 
32,820  
—  
—  
32,820 
Foreign exchange
 
(230)  
(22,644)  
(113)  
(22,987) 
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$ 
134,148 $ 
377,049 $ 
1,186 $ 
512,383 
Goodwill Impairment Testing
The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis (in the fourth quarter). The goodwill 
balance is not amortized to expense, and the Company may assess qualitative or quantitative factors to determine whether it is 
more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether 
it is necessary to complete quantitative impairment assessments.
During fiscal year 2023, we re-evaluated our European reporting units after a full year of operations from our acquisition of 
ETANCO as it has become further integrated into our other European operations resulting in changes to the management, 
product distribution, and operations structure of our European operations. As a result of this re-evaluation, all European 
reporting units were consolidated for reporting purposes into one overall Europe reporting unit. A qualitative assessment was 
performed immediately preceding the reporting unit change and determined that it was not more likely than not that any 
impairment existed prior to the reporting unit change. For the Company’s remaining reporting units, the reporting unit level is 
generally one level below the operating segment, which is at the country level, except for the United States and Australia.
The Company determined that the U.S. reporting unit includes four components: Northwest United States, Southwest United 
States, Northeast United States and Southeast United States. The Australia reporting unit includes two components: Australia 
and New Zealand. For each of these reporting units, the Company aggregated the components because management concluded 
that they are economically similar, and that the goodwill is recoverable from these components working in concert.
In 2024, the Company applied the ("Step 0") approach to assess qualitative factors related to the goodwill of the reporting units 
to determine whether it is necessary to perform an impairment test. For this qualitative assessment, the Company assessed 
various assumptions, events and circumstances that would have affected the estimated fair value of the reporting units. Based 
on the qualitative assessment performed, the Company concluded that there was no evidence of events or circumstances that 
would indicate a material change from the Company’s prior year quantitative assessment by reporting unit and therefore, it was 
more likely than not that the estimated fair value of reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values.
In 2023, the Company applied the ("Step 1") approach where the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its 
carrying value. The fair value calculation uses both the income approach (discounted cash flow method) and the market 
approach, equally weighted. If the Company determines that the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit, 
including goodwill, exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, no further action is taken. If the Company determines that the 
carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, the Company will record an impairment charge 
equal to the difference between the implied fair value of the goodwill and the carrying value.
The 2024 and 2023 annual testing of goodwill for impairment did not result in impairment charges. "See Item 7 - Critical 
Accounting Policies and Estimates - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets".
67
1 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company finalized an acquisition of a business that resulted in $2.1 million decrease in goodwill with $0.9 
million reclassified to intangible asset and a corresponding decrease of $1.2 million in a contingent consideration liability. The final amounts are measurement 
period adjustments for conditions that existed at the acquisition date. 
2 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company finalized a sale of a business that did not result in material gain or loss.

Amortizable Intangible Assets
Intangible assets from acquired businesses or asset purchases are recognized at their estimated fair values on the date of 
acquisition and consist of patents, unpatented technology, non-compete agreements, trademarks, customer relationships and 
other intangible assets. Finite-lived intangibles are amortized to expense over the applicable useful lives, ranging from three to 
twenty-one years, based on the nature of the asset and the underlying pattern of economic benefit as reflected by future net cash 
inflows. The Company performs an impairment test of finite-lived intangibles whenever events or changes in circumstances 
indicate their carrying value may be impaired.
The total gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of definite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2024, was 
$487.4 million and $112.3 million, respectively. The aggregate amount of amortization expense of intangible assets for the 
years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $24.8 million, $23.5 million and $17.4 million, respectively. The 
weighted-average remaining amortization period for all amortizable intangibles on a combined basis is 9.6 years as of 
December 31, 2024.
The annual changes in the carrying amounts of patents, unpatented technologies, customer relationships and non-compete 
agreements and other intangible assets subject to amortization for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as 
follows:
(in thousands)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Patents
Balance as of January 1, 2023
$ 
24,172 $ 
(2,803) $ 
21,369 
Purchases
 
13,996  
—  
13,996 
Amortization
 
—  
(2,051)  
(2,051) 
Foreign exchange
 
430  
—  
430 
Balance as of December 31, 2023
 
38,598  
(4,854)  
33,744 
Purchases
 
15,800  
—  
15,800 
Amortization
 
—  
(3,468)  
(3,468) 
Foreign exchange
 
(926)  
—  
(926) 
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$ 
53,472 $ 
(8,322) $ 
45,150 
 
(in thousands)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Unpatented Technology
Balance as of January 1, 2023
$ 
22,410 $ 
(19,459) $ 
2,951 
Amortization
 
—  
(820)  
(820) 
Foreign exchange
 
98  
—  
98 
Balance as of December 31, 2023
 
22,508  
(20,279)  
2,229 
Amortization
 
—  
(991)  
(991) 
Foreign exchange
 
(49)  
—  
(49) 
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$ 
22,459 $ 
(21,270) $ 
1,189 
68

(in thousands)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Non-Compete Agreements,
Trademarks and Other
Balance as of January 1, 2023
$ 
28,301 $ 
(12,932) $ 
15,369 
Assets acquisitions, net of cash acquired
 
(380) 3  
—  
(380) 
Amortization
 
—  
(2,813)  
(2,813) 
Foreign exchange
 
226  
—  
226 
Balance as of December 31, 2023
 
28,147  
(15,745)  
12,402 
Purchases of intangible assets
 
14,100  
—  
14,100 
Amortization
 
—  
(2,972)  
(2,972) 
Foreign exchange
 
(7)  
—  
(7) 
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$ 
42,240 $ 
(18,717) $ 
23,523 
(in thousands)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Customer Relationships
Balance as of January 1, 2023
$ 
260,459 $ 
(28,970) $ 
231,489 
Purchases
 
1,300  
—  
1,300 
Amortization
 
—  
(17,429)  
(17,429) 
Foreign exchange
 
7,407  
—  
7,407 
Balance as of December 31, 2023
 
269,166  
(46,399)  
222,767 
Purchases
 
10,560  
—  
10,560 
Disposal
 
331  
—  
331 
Amortization
 
—  
(17,362)  
(17,362) 
Foreign exchange
 
(16,745)  
—  
(16,745) 
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$ 
263,312 $ 
(63,761) $ 
199,551 
As of December 31, 2024, estimated future amortization of intangible assets was as follows:
 
(in thousands) 
2025
$ 
26,649 
2026
 
26,053 
2027
 
25,863 
2028
 
25,719 
2029
 
25,367 
Thereafter
 
139,762 
Total
$ 
269,413 
 
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
Indefinite-lived intangible assets totaled $105.7 million as of December 31, 2024, including $93.2 million, net of an 
unfavorable foreign exchange impact of $0.7 million, attributable to trade names acquired in the ETANCO acquisition.
69
3 During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company finalized an acquisition of a business that resulted in a $0.4 million decrease in the intangible with 
an offset of $1.3 million to customer relationships. The final amounts are measurement period adjustments for conditions that existed at the acquisition date.

Definite-lived and indefinite-lived assets, net, by segment as of December 31, 2024, and 2023 were as follows: 
 
As of December 31, 2023
 
Gross 
Carrying 
Amount
Accumulated 
Amortization
Net Carrying 
Amount
(in thousands)
Total Intangible Assets
North America
$ 
64,190 $ 
(33,740) $ 
30,450 
Europe
 
384,432  
(53,493)  
330,939 
Asia/Pacific
 
4,240  
(290)  
3,950 
Total
$ 
452,862 $ 
(87,523) $ 
365,339 
 
As of December 31, 2024
 
Gross 
Carrying 
Amount
Accumulated 
Amortization
Net Carrying 
Amount
(in thousands)
Total Intangible Assets
North America
$ 
116,550 $ 
(39,061) $ 
77,489 
Europe
 
366,586  
(72,621)  
293,965 
Asia/Pacific
 
4,240  
(643)  
3,597 
Total
$ 
487,376 $ 
(112,325) $ 
375,051 
12. Leases
The Company has operating leases for certain facilities, equipment and automobiles. The existing operating leases expire at 
various dates through 2039, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years. The Company measured the 
lease liability at the present value of the lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments are discounted 
using the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The Company measured the right-of-use ("ROU") assets at the amount at 
which the lease liability is recognized plus initial direct costs incurred or prepayment amounts. The ROU assets are amortized 
on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The following table provides a summary of operating leases included on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 
2024, and 2023, and consolidated statements of operations, and consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended 
December 31, 2024 and 2023:
Consolidated Balance Sheets Line Item
As of December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets
$ 
93,933 $ 
68,792 
Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
$ 
19,415 $ 
14,954 
Operating lease liabilities
 
76,184  
55,324 
Total operating lease liabilities
$ 
95,599 $ 
70,278 
The components of operating lease expense were as follows:
Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Item
Years Ended
 December 31, 
(in thousands)
2024
2023
Lease cost
General administrative expenses and 
cost of sales
$ 
19,938 $ 
16,936 
70

Other information
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:
Years Ended
 December 31, 
(in thousands)
2024
2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
   Operating cash flows for operating leases
$ 
19,243 $ 
15,859 
Operating right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities
   Operating leases
$ 
46,482 $ 
23,074 
The following is a schedule, by years, of maturities for lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024:
(in thousands)
Operating Leases
2025
$ 
22,883 
2026
 
20,286 
2027
 
17,039 
2028
 
14,942 
2029
 
11,974 
Thereafter
 
24,819 
Total lease payments
 
111,943 
Less: Present value discount and other
 
(16,344) 
     Total lease liabilities
$ 
95,599 
The following table summarizes the Company’s lease terms and discount rates as of December 31, 2024:
Years Ended
 December 31, 
2024
2023
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years):
Operating leases
6.4
5.5
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases
 5.3 %
 4.9 %
      13.   Accrued Liabilities and Other Current Liabilities
 
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities consisted of the following: 
 
As of December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
Labor related liabilities
$ 
48,867 $ 
43,603 
Sales incentives & advertising allowances 
 
62,337  
85,635 
Accrued cash profit sharing and commissions 
 
16,360  
26,293 
Sales tax payable and other
 
64,855  
31,352 
Dividends payable 
 
11,729  
11,432 
Accrued profit sharing trust contributions
 
19,313  
17,964 
Operating lease - current portion
 
19,415  
14,954 
$ 
242,876 $ 
231,233 
 
71

      14.   Debt
 
On March 30, 2022, the Company entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Facility, which amends and restates the 
Company's previous Credit Agreement, dated July 27, 2012. The Amended and Restated Credit Facility provides for a 5-year 
$450.0 million revolving line of credit, which includes a letter of credit-sub-facility up to $50.0 million, and a 5-year term loan 
facility of $450.0 million. 
The Company borrowed $450.0 million under the term loan facility to finance a portion of the purchase price for the acquisition 
of ETANCO. In addition, the Company incurred $6.8 million of debt issuance costs, which are classified in long-term debt on 
the consolidated balance sheet, that have been deferred and are being amortized over the 5-year terms of the Amended and 
Restated Credit Facility. During 2024 and 2023, the Company made principal payments of $97.5 million on the Company's 
outstanding term loan facility.
The Company is required to pay an annual revolving credit facility fee of 0.1% to 0.3% per annum on the available 
commitments under the terms of the Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Facility, regardless of usage, with the applicable 
fee determined on a quarterly basis based on the Company’s net leverage ratio. The fee is included within Interest expense, net 
and other in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
Amounts borrowed under the Amended and Restated Credit Facility will bear interest from time to time at either the Base Rate, 
Spread Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR, Spread Adjusted Term SOFR, Adjusted Eurocurrency Rate or Daily Simple RFR, in each 
case, as calculated under and as in effect from time to time under the Amended and Restated Credit Facility, plus the Applicable 
Margin, as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Facility. The Applicable Margin is determined based on the Company’s 
net leverage ratio, and ranges (i) from 0.0% to 0.8% per annum for amounts borrowed under the term loan facility that bear 
interest at Base Rate, (ii) from 0.8% to 1.8% per annum for amounts borrowed under the term loan facility that bear interest at 
Adjusted Eurocurrency Rate, Spread Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR or Spread Adjusted Term SOFR, (iii) from 0.0% to 0.5% 
per annum for amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility that bear interest at Base Rate, (iv) from 0.7% to 1.5% per 
annum for amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility that bear interest at Daily Simple RFR (solely to the extent 
denominated in pound sterling) and (v) from 0.7% to 1.5% per annum for amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility 
that bear interest at Daily Simple RFR (other than loans denominated in pound sterling) or Adjusted Eurocurrency Rate. Loans 
outstanding under the Amended and Restated Credit Facility may be prepaid at any time without penalty except for customary 
breakage costs and expenses. Based on current principal payment expectations, the annual interest rate on the outstanding debt 
will be approximately 2.0% over the life of the debt including the effects of the interest rate swap and other derivatives noted 
above.
As of December 31, 2024, in addition to the Amended and Restated Credit Facility, certain of the Company’s domestic 
subsidiaries are guarantors for a credit agreement between certain of its foreign subsidiaries and institutional lenders. Together, 
all credit facilities provide the Company with a total of $458.3 million in available revolving credit lines and an irrevocable 
standby letter of credit in support of various insurance deductibles.
The Company has $388.1 million, excluding deferred financing costs, outstanding under the Amended and Restated Credit 
Facility, which is the estimated fair value as of December 31, 2024. There was $485.7 million outstanding balances under the 
Amended and Restated Credit Facility as of December 31, 2023.
The following is a schedule, by years, of maturities for the remaining term loan facility as of December 31, 2024:
(in thousands)
5-Year Term Loan
2025
 
22,500 
2026
 
22,500 
2027
 
343,125 
Total loan outstanding
$ 
388,125 
The Company complied with its financial covenants under the Amended and Related Credit Facility as of December 31, 2024.
The Company incurs interest costs, which include interest net of the effect of cash flow hedges, maintenance fees and bank 
charges. The amount of costs incurred, capitalized, and expensed for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, 
consisted of the following:
72

 
Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Interest costs, including benefits from cash flow and net investment hedges
$ 
6,349 $ 
7,152 $ 
9,685 
Less: Interest capitalized
 
(4,078)  
(2,666)  
(1,658) 
Interest expense, including benefits from cash flow and net investment hedges
$ 
2,271 $ 
4,486 $ 
8,027 
15.   Commitments and Contingencies
 
Purchase Obligations
In addition to the debt and lease obligations described in the footnotes, the Company has certain purchase obligations in the 
ordinary course of business. These purchase obligations are primarily related to the acquisition, and construction or expansion 
of facilities and equipment. The Company is not a party to any long-term supply contracts with respect to the purchase of raw 
materials or finished goods. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has steel purchase obligations that are expected to be 
settled during the year. The Company also has debt interest obligations that includes annual facility fees on the Company’s 
primary line-of-credit facility in the amount of $20.2 million at December 31, 2024. 
 
Employee Relations
 
As of December 31, 2024, approximately 18.4% of our employees are represented by labor unions and are covered by 
collective bargaining agreements in the U.S. The Company has two-facility locations with collective bargaining agreements 
covering tool and die craftsmen, maintenance workers, and sheet-metal workers. In Stockton, California, two union contracts 
will expire in June 2027 and September 2028, respectively. In Riverside, California, two union contracts will expire on 
February, 28 2025, which is in the process of being renegotiated, and in June 2026, respectively. France also has two 
collectively bargained agreements, one under the Convention collective nationale de la métallurgie and the other under 
Plasturgie. Based on current information and subject to future events and circumstances, the Company believes that, even if 
new agreements are not reached before the existing labor union contracts expire, it is not expected to have a material adverse 
effect on the Company’s ability to provide products to customers or on the Company’s profitability.
Environmental
The Company’s policy with regard to environmental liabilities is to accrue for future environmental assessments and 
remediation costs when information becomes available that indicates that it is probable that the Company is liable for any 
related claims and assessments and the amount of the liability is reasonably estimable. The Company does not believe that any 
such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.
Litigation and Potential Claims 
From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and other matters arising in the normal course of 
business. Corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, cracking, material hardness, wood pressure-treating chemicals, misinstallations, 
misuse, design and assembly flaws, manufacturing defects, labeling defects, product formula defects, inaccurate chemical 
mixes, adulteration, environmental conditions, or other factors can contribute to failure of fasteners, connectors, anchors, 
adhesives, specialty chemicals, such as fiber reinforced polymers, and tool products. In addition, inaccuracies may occur in 
product information, descriptions and instructions found in catalogs, packaging, data sheets, and the Company’s website.
The resolution of any claim or litigation is subject to inherent uncertainty and could have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.
73

  16.   Income Taxes
 The provision for income taxes from operations consisted of the following: 
 
Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Current
Federal
$ 
75,783 $ 
89,954 $ 
90,703 
State
 
22,418  
24,323  
25,347 
Foreign
 
17,855  
15,824  
12,544 
Deferred
Federal
 
(787)  
(6,466)  
(5,806) 
State
 
690  
(860)  
(801) 
Foreign
 
(4,140)  
(215)  
(7,917) 
$ 
111,819 $ 
122,560 $ 
114,070 
 
Income and loss from operations before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, 
consisted of the following:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 (in thousands) 
2024
2023
2022
Domestic
$ 
395,777 $ 
427,296 $ 
437,506 
Foreign
 
38,266  
49,251  
10,559 
$ 
434,043 $ 
476,547 $ 
448,065 
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $45.6 million of net operating loss carryforwards in various foreign taxing 
jurisdictions. Most of the tax losses can be carried forward indefinitely.
As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company has valuation allowances of $12.7 million and $10.4 million, respectively. 
The valuation allowance increased by $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and decreased by $0.8 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in the 2024 valuation allowances was primarily due to the increase in net 
operating losses in Europe. The decrease in the 2023 valuation allowances was primarily due to expiration of certain U.S. 
foreign tax credit.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company asserts that its accumulated undistributed earnings generated by our foreign 
subsidiaries are permanently reinvested and as such, has not recognized a US deferred tax liability on its investment in foreign 
subsidiaries. The Company will continue to assess its permanent reinvestment assertion on a quarterly basis. 
Reconciliations between the statutory federal income tax rates and the Company’s effective income tax rates as a percentage of 
income before income taxes for its operations were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Federal tax rate
 21.0 %
 21.0 %
 21.0 %
State taxes, net of federal benefit
 4.1 %
 3.8 %
 4.4 %
Change in U.S. tax rate applied to deferred taxes
 0.1 %
 0.6 %
 — %
Change in valuation allowance
 0.5 %
 — %
 — %
True-up of prior year tax returns to tax provision
 — %
 (0.1) %
 — %
Difference between U.S. statutory and foreign local tax rates
 0.4 %
 0.4 %
 0.2 %
Change in uncertain tax position
 — %
 (0.6) %
 — %
Other
 (0.3) %
 0.6 %
 (0.1) %
Effective income tax rate
 25.8 %
 25.7 %
 25.5 %
74

The tax effects of the significant temporary differences that constitute the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 
2024, and 2023, respectively, were as follows: 
 
As of December 31,
 (in thousands)
2024
2023
Deferred asset taxes
State tax
$ 
1,388 $ 
1,606 
Health claims
 
1,910  
2,845 
Inventories
 
8,766  
8,218 
Sales incentive and advertising allowances
 
1,751  
1,997 
Lease obligations
 
23,493  
17,880 
Stock-based compensation
 
4,235  
3,962 
Foreign tax credit carryforwards
 
3,782  
3,905 
Non-United States tax loss carry forward
 
8,128  
5,882 
Acquisition expense
 
1,315  
1,904 
Capitalized research & development expenditures
 
11,627  
9,369 
Other
 
6,282  
3,689 
Total deferred tax assets
$ 
72,677 $ 
61,257 
  Less valuation allowances
 
(12,727)  
(10,430) 
  Total deferred asset taxes
$ 
59,950 $ 
50,827 
Deferred tax liabilities
Depreciation
$ 
(26,886) $ 
(23,484) 
Goodwill and other intangibles amortization
 
(96,779)  
(106,041) 
Right of use assets
 
(23,075)  
(17,517) 
Hedging OCI
 
(2,190)  
(1,386) 
Total deferred tax liabilities
 
(148,930)  
(148,428) 
Total deferred tax liability
$ 
(88,980) $ 
(97,601) 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, were 
as follows, including foreign translation amounts:
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Balance as of January 1
$ 
4,641 $ 
7,232 $ 
944 
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years
 
585  
39  
6,528 
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years
 
(49)  
(103)  
(38) 
Additions for tax positions of the current year
 
647  
463  
73 
Lapse of statute of limitations
 
(1,157)  
(2,990)  
(275) 
Balance as of December 31
$ 
4,667 $ 
4,641 $ 
7,232 
During 2024, the Company’s uncertain tax positions decreased by $1.2 million, primarily due to positions for open years of 
which were assumed in the Company’s acquisition of ETANCO. Tax positions of $1.5 million, $2.0 million, and $0.2 million 
are included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, which if 
recognized, would reduce the effective tax rate.
The Company accrues interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in accordance with the 
Company’s accounting policy. The Company accrued $1.4 million, $0.7 million and $0.9 million as of December 31, 2024, 
2023 and 2022, respectively for the potential payment of interest and penalties before income tax benefits. The Company does 
not expect any material changes in unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.
 
As of December 31, 2024, the Company remained subject to federal income tax examinations in the U.S. for the tax years 2021 
through 2024. In addition, tax years 2019 through 2024 remain open in various states, local and foreign jurisdictions.
75

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act “IRA” was signed into the law. The provisions included a new Corporate 
Alternative Minimum Tax "CAMT", an excise tax on stock buybacks, and significant tax incentives for energy and climate 
initiatives, all effective for tax year 2023 and onwards. The Company is not subject to the provisions of CAMT and does not 
expect the impact of the remaining provisions to be material.
17.   Retirement Plans
 
The Company has seven defined contribution retirement plans covering substantially all salaried employees and nonunion 
hourly employees. The Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the "Plan") covers U.S. employees and 
provides for quarterly safe harbor contributions, limited to 3.0% of the employees' quarterly eligible compensation and for 
annual discretionary contributions, subject to certain limitations. The discretionary amounts for 2024, 2023 and 2022 were 
equal to 7.0% of qualifying salaries or wages of the covered employees. The Company also has the Simpson Manufacturing 
Co., Inc. SMW Supplemental 401(k) Plan where it makes periodic contributions to this plan in accordance with the collective 
bargaining agreement. For 2024, the Company contributed 1.0% of the covered employees' qualifying salaries and wages. The 
other five defined contribution plans, covering the Company’s European and Canadian employees, require the Company to 
make contributions ranging from 3.0% to 15.0% of the employees’ compensation. The total cost for these retirement plans for 
the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was $29.7 million, $26.8 million, and $23.8 million, respectively.
 
We participate in various multiemployer benefit plans that cover some of our employees who are represented by labor unions. 
We make periodic contributions to these plans in accordance with the terms of applicable collective bargaining agreements and 
laws but do not sponsor or administer these plans. We do not participate in any multiemployer benefit plans for which we 
consider our contributions to be individually significant. If we withdraw from participation in any of these plans, the applicable 
law would require us to fund our allocable share of the unfunded vested benefits, which is known as a withdrawal liability. As 
of December 31, 2024, we believe that there was no probable withdrawal liability under the multiemployer benefit pension 
plans under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements that cover its union-represented employees.
Our total contribution to various industry-wide, union-sponsored pension funds and a statutorily required pension fund for 
employees in the U.S. and Europe were $6.1 million, $5.7 million and $5.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 
2023 and 2022, respectively.
18.   Related Party Transactions
 
In 2023, the Company identified certain purchases of goods and services from companies where the former Chief Executive 
Officer of the Company served as a director on the respective company's board providing the goods or services. The amount of 
goods and services purchased by the Company pursuant to these arrangements was not material to the Company’s consolidated 
statements of operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2023.
The Company identified certain related party transactions for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The total expenses 
were not material to the Company, and the majority of the expenses were recorded within general and administrative expenses 
on our Consolidated Statement of Operations during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
19.   Segment Information
 
The Company is organized into three reporting segments defined by the regions where the Company’s products are 
manufactured, marketed and distributed to the Company’s customers. The financial information of these segments is available 
and utilized by the Chief Executive Officer, the Company’s CODM, to assess the segments’ performance. The primary 
measurements used to measure the financial performance of the segments are revenue, gross margins, and operating margins to 
decide whether to reinvest the profits, make acquisitions, pay down debt or borrow, or to return capital to shareholders via 
dividends and share repurchases. 
The three regional segments are the North America segment (comprised primarily of the Company’s operations in the U.S. and 
Canada), the Europe segment and the Asia/Pacific segment (comprised of the Company’s operations in Asia, the South Pacific, 
and the Middle East). These segments are similar in several ways, including the types of materials used, the production 
processes, the distribution channels and the product applications. 
 
76

The Administrative & All Other column primarily includes expenses such as self-insured workers compensation claims for 
employees, stock-based compensation for certain members of management, interest expense, foreign exchange gains or losses 
and income tax expense, as well as revenues and expenses related to real estate activities. 
 
The following table presents financial information of each segment that is used by the CODM to assess the performance of 
segments for periods ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively:
 
(in thousands) 
North
America
 Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Administrative
& All Other
 Total
2024
Net sales
$ 1,735,879 $ 479,055 $ 
17,205 $ 
— $ 2,232,139 
Wood Products
 1,499,889  
384,494  
15,141  
—  1,899,524 
Concrete Products
 
233,936  
94,561  
2,060  
—  
330,557 
Cost of sales
 
885,375  
310,073  
11,407  
(567)  1,206,288 
Gross profit
 
850,504  
168,982  
5,798  
567  1,025,851 
Research and development, and other engineering 
expenses
 
84,246  
8,514  
816  
—  
93,576 
Selling expenses
 
164,947  
51,005  
3,450  
—  
219,402 
General and administrative expenses
 
161,958  
72,181  
1,851  
41,542  
277,532 
Sales to other segments *
 
3,263  
4,764  
33,407  
—  
41,434 
Income from operations
 
439,567  
33,806  
(294)  
(43,104)  
429,975 
Depreciation and amortization
 
49,139  
31,747  
2,630  
1,883  
85,399 
Significant non-cash charges
 
12,895  
1,607  
275  
4,245  
19,022 
Provision for income taxes
 
98,960  
9,332  
1,271  
2,256  
111,819 
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired; capital 
expenditures; asset acquisitions; and equity 
investments
 
243,728  
13,863  
3,280  
273  
261,144 
Total assets
 2,062,552  
687,955  
48,769  
(63,108)  2,736,168 
(in thousands)
North
America
 Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Administrative
& All Other
 Total
2023
Net sales
$ 1,716,422 $ 480,756 $ 
16,625 $ 
— $ 2,213,803 
Wood Products
 1,491,848  
385,134  
14,467  
—  1,891,449 
Concrete Products
 
222,720  
95,621  
2,159  
—  
320,500 
Cost of sales
 
853,864  
303,708  
10,946  
1,530  1,170,048 
Gross profit
 
862,558  
177,048  
5,679  
(1,530)  1,043,755 
Research and development, and other engineering 
expenses
 
84,539  
7,523  
105  
—  
92,167 
Selling expenses
 
150,616  
50,553  
2,811  
—  
203,980 
General and administrative expenses
 
154,241  
68,578  
2,229  
43,055  
268,103 
Sales to other segments *
 
4,718  
5,900  
29,040  
—  
39,658 
Income from operations
 
473,229  
45,998  
535  
(44,613)  
475,149 
Depreciation and amortization
 
40,883  
29,668  
2,226  
1,930  
74,707 
Significant non-cash charges
 
13,344  
2,379  
515  
7,658  
23,896 
Provision for income taxes
 
109,722  
11,435  
1,313  
90  
122,560 
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired; capital 
expenditures; asset acquisitions; and equity 
investments
 
92,725  
21,975  
6,402  
(7,605)  
113,497 
Total assets
 1,745,341  
716,396  
38,719  
204,268  2,704,724 
 
77

(in thousands)
North
America
 Europe
Asia/
Pacific
Administrative
& All Other
 Total
2022
Net sales
$ 1,701,041 $ 400,303 $ 
14,743 $ 
— $ 2,116,087 
Wood Products
 1,496,062  
323,065  
12,453  
—  1,831,580 
Concrete Products
 
202,687  
77,228  
2,290  
—  
282,205 
Cost of sales
 
890,384  
274,687  
9,834  
(111)  1,174,794 
Gross profit
 
810,657  
125,616  
4,909  
111  
941,293 
Research and development, and other engineering 
expenses
 
62,676  
5,467  
254  
(43)  
68,354 
Selling expenses
 
126,990  
39,872  
2,509  
7  
169,378 
General and administrative expenses
 
135,163  
52,958  
1,462  
38,885  
228,468 
Sales to other segments *
 
4,862  
5,732  
32,979  
—  
43,573 
Income from operations
 
485,899  
11,121  
723  
(38,676)  
459,067 
Depreciation and amortization
 
36,003  
22,594  
1,730  
563  
60,890 
Significant non-cash charges
 
7,504  
1,099  
510  
5,868  
14,981 
Provision for income taxes
 
112,537  
1,193  
1,091  
(751)  
114,070 
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired; capital 
expenditures; asset acquisitions; and equity 
investments
 
54,594  
817,163  
1,173  
2,871  
875,801 
Total assets
 1,393,968  
675,634  
34,599  
399,770  2,503,971 
 
 * Sales to other segments are eliminated upon consolidation.
Cash collected by the Company’s U.S. subsidiaries is routinely transferred into the Company’s cash management accounts, and 
therefore is in the total assets of "Administrative & All Other." Cash and cash equivalent balances in "Administrative & All 
Other" were $126.1 million, $368.6 million and $222.5 million as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of 
December 31, 2024, the Company had $111.6 million, or 46.6%, of its cash and cash equivalents held outside the U.S. in 
accounts belonging to the Company’s various foreign operating entities. The majority of this balance is held in foreign 
currencies and could be subject to additional taxation if repatriated to the U.S. 
 
The significant non-cash charges comprise compensation related to equity awards under the Company’s stock-based incentive 
plans, the Company’s employee stock bonus plan, and the Company's non-qualified deferred compensation plan. The 
Company’s measure of profit or loss for its reportable segments is income (loss) from operations. The reconciling amounts 
between consolidated income before tax and consolidated income from operations are net interest income (expense), net and 
other, foreign exchange gain (loss), certain legal and professional fees associated with the acquisition of ETANCO, refer to 
Note 3 "Acquisitions," and gain on disposal of a assets. Interest income (expense) is primarily attributed to “Administrative & 
All Other.”
The following table shows the geographic distribution of the Company’s net sales and long-lived assets as of December 31, 
2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively:
78

 
 
2024
2023
2022
 (in thousands)
Net
Sales
Long-
Lived
Assets
Net
Sales
Long-
Lived
Assets
Net
Sales
Long-
Lived
Assets
United States
$ 1,640,669 $ 439,326 $ 1,630,359 $ 305,564 $ 1,615,728 $ 273,407 
France
 
225,336  
54,807  
223,562  
62,547  
170,904  
90,296 
Canada
 
90,220  
2,799  
81,404  
2,722  
81,036  
2,571 
Italy
 
56,042  
24,869  
62,428  
25,245  
47,294  
4,342 
Germany
 
48,134  
12,273  
45,319  
12,077  
42,954  
11,507 
Poland
 
45,528  
11,452  
39,978  
10,836  
27,803  
2,721 
United Kingdom
 
29,310  
2,286  
32,058  
2,352  
37,349  
1,898 
Belgium
 
17,549  
1,723  
18,802  
2,297  
15,032  
2,182 
Sweden
 
13,946  
2,192  
15,342  
2,579  
16,156  
2,369 
Denmark
 
12,746  
4,614  
12,318  
3,734  
12,610  
1,015 
Australia
 
12,196  
1,181  
11,351  
800  
9,468  
245 
Norway
 
8,391  
—  
9,635  
852  
12,241  
— 
Other countries
 
32,072  
17,461  
31,247  
19,487  
27,512  
11,496 
 
$ 2,232,139 $ 574,983 $ 2,213,803 $ 451,092 $ 2,116,087 $ 404,049 
 
Net sales and long-lived assets, excluding intangible assets and goodwill, are attributable to the country where the sales or 
manufacturing operations are located.
 
The Company's wood construction products are used in light-frame building applications and include connectors, truss plates, 
screw fastening systems, fasteners and pre-fabricated lateral-force resisting systems. Its concrete construction products are used 
in concrete, masonry and steel building applications and include adhesives, chemicals, mechanical anchors, carbide drill bits, 
powder actuated tools, fiber reinforced materials, and other repair products used for protecting and strengthening structures. 
The following table shows the distribution of the Company’s net sales by product for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 
and 2022, respectively:
(in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Wood Construction
$ 
1,899,524 $ 
1,891,449 $ 
1,831,580 
Concrete Construction
 
330,557  
320,500  
282,205 
Other
 
2,058  
1,854  
2,302 
Total
$ 
2,232,139 $ 
2,213,803 $ 
2,116,087 
No customers accounted for more than 10.0% of net sales for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022.
20.  Subsequent Events
Dividend Declaration
On January 31, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.28 per share of 
the Company's common stock, estimated to be $11.8 million in total. The record date for the dividend will be April 3, 2025, and 
will be paid on April 23, 2025. 
79

Treasury Share Retirement
On January 31, 2025, the Board adopted a resolution to retire 559,179 shares held as treasury account in Stockholders' Equity.
Sale of Asset
On January 24, 2025, the Company has executed an agreement to sell its Gallatin, Tennessee facility for $19.1 million. As of 
December 31, 2024, the assets did not meet the held-for-sale criteria.
Share Repurchases
In February 2025, the Company repurchased 146,640 shares of the Company’s common stock in the open market at an average 
price of 170.48 per share for a total of approximately $25.0 million. As a result, as of February 28, 2025, approximately 
$75.0 million remained available for share repurchase through December 31, 2025 under the Company’s previously announced 
$100.0 million share repurchase authorization.
80

SCHEDULE II
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 
 
 
 
Additions
 
 
 
 
Charged
Charged
 
 
 
Balance at
to Costs
to Other
 
Balance
(in thousands)
Beginning
and
Accounts —
 
at End
Classification
of Year
Expenses
Write-offs
Deductions
of Year
Year to date December 31, 2024
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for doubtful accounts
$ 
3,881 $ 
115 $ 
998 $ 
— $ 
2,998 
Allowance for sales discounts
 
8,181  
—  
995  
—  
7,186 
Allowance for deferred tax assets
 
10,430  
2,595  
—  
298  
12,727 
Year to date December 31, 2023
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for doubtful accounts
 
3,240  
730  
89  
—  
3,881 
Allowance for sales discounts
 
8,769  
—  
588  
—  
8,181 
Allowance for deferred tax assets
 
11,179  
955  
—  
1,704  
10,430 
Year to date December 31, 2022
 
Allowance for doubtful accounts
 
1,932  
1,663  
355  
—  
3,240 
Allowance for sales discounts
 
7,225  
1,544  
—  
—  
8,769 
Allowance for deferred tax assets
 
11,991  
97  
—  
909  
11,179 
81

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of December 31, 2024, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision 
and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the chief executive officer the (“CEO”) and the chief 
financial officer (the “CFO”), of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 
Rule 13a-15(e) and 15-d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s CEO and CFO have 
concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. Disclosure 
controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed reasonably to assure that information required to be 
disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported 
within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures are also designed reasonably 
to assure that this information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and the 
CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
The Company’s management, including the CEO and the CFO, does not, however, expect that the Company’s disclosure 
controls and procedures or the Company’s internal control over financial reporting will prevent all fraud and material errors. 
Internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute 
assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the facts that 
there are resource constraints and that the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. The inherent limitations 
in internal control over financial reporting include the realities that judgments can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur 
because of simple error or mistake. Controls also can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of 
two or more people, or by management override of controls. The design of any system of internal control is also based in part 
on assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be only reasonable, not absolute assurance that any design 
will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential events and conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in circumstances, or the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. The Company’s management is responsible for 
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s management assessed the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, using the criteria established 
in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (“COSO”) and concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of 
December 31, 2024.
Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s Consolidated Financial 
Statements, has also audited the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2024, as stated in their report included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management's evaluation pursuant to Rules 
13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the year ended December 31, 2024, that materially affected, or are 
reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information.
 
None of the Company's directors or officers adopted, modified, or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 
10b5-1 trading arrangement during the Company's fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2024, as such terms are defined under 
Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdiction That Prevent Inspections.
Not applicable.
82

PART III
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
 
The other information required by this Item will be contained in the Company’s proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting 
of Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 6, 2025, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the 
Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
We have adopted an insider trading policy (the “Insider Trading Policy”) which applies to all employees and prohibits trading 
in the Company's and its affiliates' securities by persons associated with the Company that may possess material nonpublic 
information relating to the Company and affiliates. A copy of the Insider Trading Policy is filed as Exhibit 19.1 to this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K.
 
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
 
The information required by this Item will be contained in the Company’s proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 6, 2025, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the 
Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
 
The information required by this Item will be contained in the Company’s proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 6, 2025, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the 
Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
 
The information required by this Item will be contained in the Company’s proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 6, 2025, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the 
Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
 
The information required by this Item will be contained in the Company’s proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 6, 2025, to be filed with the SEC not later than 120 days following the end of the 
Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, which information is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
 
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)   The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
1.     Consolidated financial statements
The following consolidated financial statements are filed as a part of this report:
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024, and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 
2022
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 
2022
83

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2.     Financial Statement Schedules
The following consolidated financial statement schedule for each of the years in the three-year period ended 
December 31, 2024, is filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts-Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
All other schedules have been omitted as the required information is not present or is not present in 
amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is 
included in the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto.
(b)   Exhibits
The following exhibits are either incorporated by reference into, or filed or furnished with, this Annual Report on Form 10-K, 
as indicated below.
3.1    Certificate of Incorporation of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., as amended, is incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 of its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.
3.2 
Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.is incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2024.
3.3 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., as amended, are incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 14, 2023.
4.1 
Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act is filed herewith.
10.1* Form of Indemnification Agreement between Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and its directors and executive 
officers, as well as the officers of Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc., is incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.2 of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2004.
           *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.2 Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among the Company, the subsidiaries of the Company party thereto 
as guarantors, the lenders party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and 
the other parties party thereto is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed April 4, 2022.
10.3* Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Executive Officer Cash Profit Sharing Plan, as amended through March 17, 
2017 is incorporate by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of  its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2024. 
          *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.4* Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit A of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Schedule 14A Proxy Statement dated March 9, 2015.
           *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.5* Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, File Number 333-173811, dated 
December 15, 2015.
           *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
  
10.6* Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Executive Severance Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the 
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2024. 
           *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
84

10.7* Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Non-qualified Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the 
Company's Form S-8 filed on May 8, 2023.
 *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.8* Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Director Time Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2022.
                         *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.9 *Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2022 Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2022. 
 
 *Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.10*Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2022 Time Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2022.
 
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.11*Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2024 Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2024.
          * Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
10.12*Form of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 2024 Time Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2024.
          * Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
19.1 Insider Trading Policy of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., effective as of February 20, 2025, is filed herewith. 
21. 
List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant is filed herewith.
23 
Consent of Grant Thornton LLP is filed herewith.
31.1 Chief Executive Officer’s Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification is filed herewith.
31.2 Chief Financial Officer’s Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification is filed herewith.
32. 
Section 1350 Certifications are furnished herewith.
97. 
Compensation Recovery Policy of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., effective as of July 28, 2023, is 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 97 of its Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 28, 2024.
101 
Financial statements from the annual report on Form 10-K of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. for the year 
ended December 31, 2024, formatted in XBRL, are filed herewith and include: (i) the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Statement of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
104 
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
85

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.
None.
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: 
February 28, 2025
 
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.
 
 
(Registrant)
 
By
/s/Matt Dunn
 
 
Matt Dunn
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
and Duly Authorized Officer
 
 
of the Registrant
 
 
(principal accounting and financial officer)
86

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated below. 
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
Chief Executive Officer:
 
 
 
 
/s/Mike Olosky
 Chief Executive Officer and Director
 February 28, 2025
(Mike Olosky)
 (principal executive officer)
 
 
Chief Financial Officer:
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
/s/Matt Dunn
 Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
 February 28, 2025
(Matt Dunn)
 (principal accounting and financial officer)
 
 
 
  
  
Directors:
 
 
 
 
/s/Philip E. Donaldson
 Chairman of the Board and Director
 February 28, 2025
(Philip E. Donaldson)
  
  
/s/James S. Andrasick
Director
February 28, 2025
(James S. Andrasick)
/s/Chau Banks
Director
February 28, 2025
(Chau Banks)
/s/Felica Coney
Director
February 28, 2025
(Felica Coney)
/s/Gary M. Cusumano
Director
 February 28, 2025
(Gary M. Cusumano)
 
  
  
/s/Angela Drake
 Director
 February 28, 2025
(Angela Drake)
 
 
 
  
  
/s/Celeste Volz Ford
 Director
 February 28, 2025
(Celeste Volz Ford)
  
  
/s/Kenneth Knight
 Director
 February 28, 2025
(Kenneth Knight)
  
  
87

Exhibit 23
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We have issued our reports dated February 28, 2025, with respect to the consolidated financial statements, financial statement 
schedule, and internal control over financial reporting included in the Annual Report of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.  We consent to the incorporation by reference of said reports in the 
Registration Statements of Simpson Manufacturing  Co., Inc. on Forms S-3 (File Nos. 333-44603 and 333-102910) and on 
Forms S-8 (File Nos. 033-90964, 333-37325, 333-40858, 333-97313, 333-97315, 333-173811, 033-85662 and 333-271724).
/s/ Grant Thornton LLP
San Francisco, California
February 28, 2025
85

Exhibit 31.1
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
I, Mike Olosky, certify that:
1. 
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.;
2. 
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. 
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;
4. 
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;
 (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and 
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and
5. 
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and 
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 
the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
DATE:
February 28, 2025
 
By /s/Mike Olosky
 
 
Mike Olosky
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
86

Exhibit 31.2
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
I, Matt Dunn, certify that:
1. 
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc.;
2. 
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. 
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;
4. 
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;
 (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and 
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and
5. 
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and 
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 
the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
DATE:
February 28, 2025
 
By /s/Matt Dunn
 
 
Matt Dunn
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
87

Exhibit 32
Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and Subsidiaries
Section 1350 Certifications
The undersigned, Mike Olosky and Matt Dunn, being the duly elected and acting Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer, respectively, of Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certify 
that the annual report of the Company on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, fully complies with the 
requirements of section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that information contained in such 
report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
DATE:
February 28, 2025
 
By /s/Mike Olosky
 
 
Mike Olosky
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
By /s/Matt Dunn
Matt Dunn
Chief Financial Officer
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code has been 
provided to Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and will be retained by Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. and furnished to the 
Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff on request.
The foregoing certification is being furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to § 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. It 
is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by 
reference into any filing of the Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation 
language in such filing.
88