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Subex Limited

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FY2017 Annual Report · Subex Limited
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CONTENTS

02

04

06

08

10

13

14

16

20

21

22

23

Six Things You Need To Know About Subex

Subex Value Pillars

Products

Note To Shareholders

24

54

67

85

Board’s Report

Corporate Governance Report

Management Discussion And Analysis

Standalone Financial Statements

A Conversation With Vinod Kumar, Md & Ceo

134

Consolidated Financial Statements

Our Performance In Numbers

182

Shareholder Information

Message From Head Of Strategy And Products

Message From Head Of Iot Security

Subex - Becoming Future-Ready

Subex - Making A Difference Together

Board Of Directors

Leadership Team

Forward-looking statement

In this Annual Report we have disclosed forward-looking information to enable investors to comprehend our prospects 
and take informed investment decisions. This report and other statements - written and oral - that we periodically 
make,  contain  forward-looking  statements  that  set  out  anticipated  results  based  on  the  management’s  plans  and 
assumptions. We have tried, wherever possible, to identify such statements by using words such as ‘anticipates’, 
‘estimates’,  ‘expects’,  ‘projects’,  ‘intends’,  ‘plans’,  ‘believes’  and  words  of  similar  substance  in  connection  with 
any discussion of future performance. We cannot guarantee that these forward-looking statements will be realized, 
although we believe we have been prudent in assumptions. The achievement of results is subject to risks, uncertainties 
and even inaccurate assumptions. Should known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying 
assumptions  prove  inaccurate,  actual  results  could  vary  materially  from  those  anticipated,  estimated  or  projected. 
Readers  should  bear  this  in  mind.  We  undertake  no  obligation  to  publicly  update  any  forward-looking  statements, 
whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

The global 
telecommunications 
industry is 
developing 
dynamically; New 
technologies are 
making prevailing 
technologies 
obsolete with 
unprecedented 
speed.

In such an environment, successful organizations 
consistently innovate to stay ahead of the curve.

Subex has progressively differentiated its business 
model to emerge as a future-ready organization. 
The Company is leveraging its core competence in 
the telecom sector, gathering data from customers 
to create analytics-based products and solutions. 
The Company is also enlarging its presence in the 
attractive IoT security market niche.

At Subex, our efforts are mediated towards the 
achievement of overarching goal…

MAKING TOMORROW 
SUSTAINABLE

6

SIX THINGS YOU NEED 
TO KNOW ABOUT SUBEX

02 | SUBEX LIMITED

P E D I G R E E

L E A D E R S H I P

S C A L E

1

Subex is a trusted global 
telecom solutions provider 
for 75% of the world’s top 50 
telcos. Founded in 1992, Subex 
has been a part of the evolution 
of mobile technologies, playing 
the role of a consultant to 
global telecom carriers leading 
to their operational excellence 
and transformation.

2

Subex is led by Mr. Vinod 
Kumar (MD & CEO) with a team 
of experienced professionals 
who have been around for a 
while and clearly understands 
the strengths, challenges, and 
opportunities of Subex. The 
company had 900+ employees 
as on 31st March 2018.

3

Subex is headquartered in 
Bengaluru with global delivery 
centers in the US, the UK, the 
UAE, Singapore, and India. 
Subex has more than 300 
installations at 200+ global 
telecom enterprises across 
90+ countries.

P O R T F O L I O

U N I Q U E   P O S I T I O N

4

Subex has a diversified portfolio 
across segments and products, 
providing revenue assurance, 
fraud management, partner 
settlement, route Optimisation, 
capacity management, network 
asset management, analytics, 
IoT security, managed services 
and consulting & advisory 
services.

5

Subex provides telecom 
analytics services and telecom 
consulting and advisory 
services. The Company is 
uniquely positioned to serve 
as a business assurance 
consultant, having turned 
around the business viability 
of several telcos over the last 
quarter of a century. 

S T A T E - O F - T H E -
A R T - T E C H N O L O G Y 

6

Subex has established a 
reputation for developing 
next-generation solutions 
in emerging business areas 
like advanced data analytics, 
business intelligence, business 
assurance and IoT.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 03

VALUE  PILLARS

Drive New Business 
Models  
Pivot offerings around 
revenues, open new 
revenue streams in 
emerging business 
areas and allied services, 
leveraging the partner 
ecosystem.

Enhance Customer 
Experience 
Retain existing 
customers and acquire 
new customers using 
analytics and leverage 
business insights to 
better understand 
customer behavior for 
deeper engagement.

Optimise Enterprise 
Enable operational 
excellence by focusing 
on maximizing revenues 
and mitigating business 
risks, ensuring y-o-y cost 
savings that provide 
resources for business 
investments.

HIGHLIGHTS OF 2017-18

Subex was 
awarded a new 
5-year Framework  
Contract with 
British Telecom 
(BT)

May  
29th 2017

Subex was awarded 
at the 2017 Pipeline 
Innovation Awards 
under ‘Innovations in 
Managed Services’ 
& ‘Innovations 
in Security & 
Assurance’ category

May  
3rd 2017

May  
31st 2017

Subex 
announced 
the launch of 
Subex 3.0. Also 
unveiled its new 
brand identity

04 | SUBEX LIMITED

ElevenPaths, 
Telefonica 
Cybersecurity Unit 
and Subex signed 
a global framework 
agreement to 
provide a disruptive 
FMaaS solution

July  
19th 2017

June  
13th 2017

Subex and STC 
awarded the 
prestigious Global 
Telecoms Business 
Innovation Awards 
2017 in the 
‘Enterprise Service 
Innovation’ category

Quality statement 

Listing 

Subexians are committed 
to achieve total customer 
satisfaction by delivering high 
quality products that meet the 
needs and expectations of our 
customers. We are committed to 
adhere to quality management 
system requirements and 
continually improve them.

Subex is listed on the 
Bombay Stock Exchange 
(scrip code: 532348) and the 
National Stock Exchange 
(scrip code: Subex). The 
Company is also listed 
on the London Stock 
Exchange.

Pod Solutions  
and Subex 
partnered to 
provide advanced 
security for 
IoT Billing and 
Connectivity 
Service

February 
19th 2018

October 24th 
2017

Subex launched 
Consulting 
and Advisory 
Services for 
Telecom Business 
Assurance

February 
26th 2018

Vinod Kumar 
appointed as CEO of 
Subex Limited

Subex announced 
Winner at the 8th 
edition of Aegis 
Graham Bell Award 
in the Data Science 
Category

April 
1st 2018

Annual Report 2017-18 | 05

PRODUCTS

ROC  
Revenue 
Assurance

   Provides a comprehensive view of any enterprise by ensuring 
better visibility into risks surrounding operations, revenue and 
margins

   Incorporates an integrated risk assessment and process 

management framework to address revenue leakage as well as 
identify and recover lost revenues from diverse streams

ROC  
Fraud 
Management

   Combines a traditional rules engine, advanced machine learning 
capabilities and a scalable architecture to ensure the proactive 
detection of fraudulent activities on the network

   Ensures that the system can be easily integrated with the 

ecosystem by utilizing readily deployable interfaces

ROC  
Network 
Asset 
Management

   Provides a framework to audit network assets, evaluate 

inventory and make a business case for a network upgrade

   Offers an in-depth view of network assets and inventory to 

Optimise OpEx as well as CapEx

   Drives smarter network capital investment and network asset 

lifecycle management

ROC  
Capacity 
Management

   Provides proactive, actionable business intelligence to make 

appropriate investments in maximizing network capacity

   Gleans insights from network capacity trends

   Correlates end-to-end capacity issues stimulates congestion 

points due to external events,

   Forecasts lead time for capacity exhaustion scenarios

06 | SUBEX LIMITED

ROC  
Partner 
Settlement

   Ensures swift partner onboarding, partner self-care, end-to-

end revenue visibility and seamless communication between 
business partners

   Offers a 360-degree view of interconnect agreements to help 
manage revenues and margins across the partner ecosystem

   Enables billing platform to introduce innovative product 
bundling and billing mechanisms for IP-based services

ROC  
Route 
Optimisation

   Covers end-to-end processes from dial code/destination 

operator rate imports to switch updates

   Enhances visibility and control of critical processes

ROC  
Insights

   Provides actionable business insights that are consumable and 

contextual to enable data-enriched decision-making

   Enables democratization of insights through the generation of 

consumable storyboards

   Offers agility by covering all areas of focus: Revenue, Risk, 

Customer and Product

Subex 
Secure

   Offers comprehensive IoT security from real-time discovery and 

monitoring to response and recovery

   Leverages a one-of-its-kind honeypot network that combines 
physical devices and device emulations to generate IoT/ICS 
signatures

   Evaluates identity and device breaches and updates the Subex 
Secure signature repository to safeguard the enterprise from 
emerging IoT threats

Annual Report 2017-18 | 07

Note to Shareholders

Dear shareholders,

It is my privilege to 
address Subex’s 
shareholders for 
the first time since 
taking on the role of 
CEO and Managing 
Director of the 
Company.

The Financial Year 2017-18 (FY18) 
was a dramatic one marked by a 
number of challenges. The telecom 
BSS market, where we predominantly 
operate, reported flat growth and 
several countries in emerging markets 
encountered geopolitical and forex 
challenges. Even though our revenues 
were negatively impacted, we 
completed the year with an increase 
in contracted order bookings and 
improved operational profitability. 

Our contracted new order booking 
increased by 15% over the previous 
year and we ended FY18 with 
revenues of $50.5Million, EBITDA of 
$7.9 Million and PAT of $3.2 Million. 
Creditably, we repaid our entire 
outstanding FCCB debt and reduced 
our working capital debt, which 
resulted in significant interest cost 
savings.

We also made significant progress to 
our products and solutions portfolio. 
To appreciate this, it is important to 
understand some key trends of our 
industry.

Voice revenues are declining: As 
we approach the Fourth Industrial 
Revolution, the way people 
communicate is drastically changing. 
Voice calling and text messaging 
that dominated the communication 
industry, are giving way to internet 
messaging and VoIP (Voice Over 
Internet Protocol). This substantial 
reduction in voice and texting, along 
with a reduction in tariff have resulted 
in a decline of ARPU (Average 
Revenue Per User) and aggregate 
revenues for telcos.

15%

Increase in our contracted 
order booking over the 
previous year

As we approach the Fourth Industrial 
Revolution, the way people communi-
cate is drastically changing. Voice call-
ing and text messaging that dominated 
the communication industry is giving 
way to internet messaging and VoIP 
(Voice Over Internet Protocol).

08 | SUBEX LIMITED

Massive telco consolidation: In the 
recent past, the communications 
industry has been marked by 
several mergers and acquisitions. 
Commoditization of legacy services 
and telcos’ desire to monetize their 
data are driving telco consolidation. 
By consolidating, they intend to 
leverage synergies and operational 
efficiencies. We witnessed this in 
India when Vodafone India and Idea 
Cellular announced their merger.

5G moves from trial to production 
phase: Several operators are planning 
for a limited 5G launch in the near 
future. 5G technology is expected to 
bring about new digitized services 
in retail, manufacturing, precision 
engineering and health verticals.

Unlocking the IoT (Internet of 
Things): According to GSMA 
Intelligence, the number of global 
IoT connections could increase more 
than threefold and reach $25 Billion 
by 2025. The IoT security space 
promises tremendous growth and 
Gartner predicts the IoT security 
market could grow multi-fold to reach 
$3 Billion by 2021.

Artificial intelligence: Artificial 
Intelligence (AI) and Machine 
Learning (ML) is moulding the future 
and poised to unleash the next 
wave of digital disruption. Along 
with the adoption of technologies 
like virtualization, SDN-NFV, and 
orchestration, Artificial Intelligence 
will be key to business and digital 
transformation in telcos, driving an 
improved customer experience.

Increasing appetite for open 
standards: Major telcos have started 
experimenting with open source 
software and this trend is gaining 
traction as operators mimic the 
computing world and deepen their 
innovation focus. Further, Blockchain 
technology is reducing complexities 

in multi-party transactions, thereby 
moderating costs and enhancing 
digital competitiveness.

It is clear that telcos are transforming 
from being Communication Service 
Providers (CSP) to Digital Service 
Providers (DSP). In line with this, we 
took some significant steps last year 
to make Subex more relevant to our 
customers.

 We rebranded Subex as a digital 
transformation enabler around three 
value pillars: driving new business 
models, enhancing the customer 
experience and optimising operations.

 We incubated a multi-vertical IoT 
security solution that differentiates 
itself by having 30% more threat 
signatures than any other player.

 We improved the application of 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine 
Learning (ML) capabilities in our 
products to solve use cases hitherto 
unsolved in the industry.

 We engaged with a Tier 1 telco on 

Network Analytics and proactively 
evolved our solution capabilities to 
graduate us ahead of the curve.

 We concluded the restructuring of 
entities to attract strategic partners 
and talents into our relevant business 
areas.

It is abundantly clear that we need to 
break out from our current revenue 
level. Towards this, we plan to build 
on the strong foundation laid last year 
and aggressively pursue a growth 
strategy. The growth strategy will 
cover our core, new and emerging 
growth areas. We intend to perform 
well in our core areas and drive 
efficiencies that will help us invest 
in new growth areas. The near-term 
growth is expected from IoT Security 
and Network Analytics. We also plan 
to work on one or two new areas 

with the intention of bringing a new 
product to the market by the end 
of this year. During the course of 
this year, we expect to maintain our 
revenues from core areas, conclude 
ongoing trials around new areas 
and sign strategic partnerships. 
Considering that SaaS-based revenue 
models are prevalent in new areas, 
we expect revenues from new areas 
to kick in from the next year.

The current management team 
consists of Subexians who have 
been around for a while. They clearly 
understand our strengths, challenges 
and opportunities. We plan to add 
new talents and capabilities to our 
teams as and when new areas of 
growth are identified. The team is 
well aligned and confident to drive 
our strategy, leading the Company 
out of the past into a bright future 
that makes Subex vibrant again.

We are mindful of the fact that 
our FCCB resolution resulted in a 
significant equity dilution and pain to 
our investors. We are indeed thankful 
to our investors for their continued 
trust and patience. As elaborated 
above, we are committed to growing 
Subex and are optimistic that this 
strategy will enhance value and 
benefit our shareholders.

We look forward to your support 
during this crucial phase of our 
journey.

Vinod Kumar

Managing Director and CEO

Annual Report 2017-18 | 09

A CONVERSATION WITH VINOD KUMAR

What are the emerging trends 
in the telecom space?
The telecommunication sector is 
going through enormous changes. 
With the global adoption of data and 
smartphones, legacy communication 
services like voice and texting that 
contributed to the bulk of telcos 
revenues are rapidly declining and 
over-the-top services like WhatsApp, 
Facebook and Twitter are rapidly 
growing. This is forcing telcos to look 
at new avenues of revenue growth, 
partnerships with OTT players and 
take extreme steps to reduce the cost 
of legacy operations.

On the network technology front, 
most of the telcos have completely 
migrated their network to 4G and 
LTE or are in the process of doing 
so. Some major ones have also 
started trialling 5G services. 5G will 
provide a 10-fold increase in speed 
of data transfer and should act as a 
catalyst for high bandwidth and low 
latency services like telemedicine and 
robotics.

Deployment of technologies like 
NFC, Virtualization and Artificial 
Intelligence, along with open source 
adoption, would be a major disruption 
in the telecom industry. These 
are being done to reduce time-to-
market, decrease cost, enhance the 
customer experience and improve 
competitiveness. These primary 
disruptions could also result in a 
secondary disruption around the skills 
needed in the telecom industry and 
the workforce will also need to go 
through a transformation.

The widespread adoption of IoT 
by various industries is expected 
to increase the connectivity 

requirement; the telcos will slowly 
start seeing an increase in revenue 
from their IoT business.

As a partner providing software 
solutions to this industry, this is an 
interesting time with an urgent need 
to change with the shift that we are 
witnessing in the industry.

How is Subex placed to 
capitalize?
Currently, we serve over 150 
operators in 90 countries with Subex 
solutions deeply embedded within 
their network. It is fair to say that 
a significant portion of the global 
telecom traffic flows through our 
platforms. This global presence and 
access to data are one of our major 
strengths.

We have constantly kept pace with 
emerging technologies and emerging 
needs of the market by proactively 
co-creating solutions with customers. 
We migrated our portfolio to support 
big data Hadoop stack and also 
embedded Artificial Intelligence and 
Machine Learning into our products. 
Further, we also invested in services 
capabilities to assist customers 
whenever required to extract the 
maximum value from our solutions. 
With all these, we possess a very 
good base to build on.

As we double down investments 
towards growing, we intend to 
make customers central to whatever 
we do. Rapid technology adoption 
by operators will create a new 
requirement in our core areas that 
we need to fulfill. We also identified 
some use cases like monetizing 
telecom data, digital identity 
and anomaly detection that offer 

Revenue growth and a vibrant 
Subex will be our immediate focus 
areas. These two aspects feed on 
each other and one cannot exist 
without the other.

Vinod Kumar
MD & CEO

10 | SUBEX LIMITED

significant benefits to our customers. 
We started working with a select few 
to prove these concepts. These are 
exciting areas and we hope to make a 
major impact.

Another area that I want to highlight 
is our multi-vertical IoT Security 
solution that we launched recently. 
Leveraging our strengths in the fraud 
and risk domain, we have created a 
robust solution that currently has 30% 
more threat signatures than any other 
player in the market.

What makes you optimistic 
about the role of IoT?
Internet of Things (IoT) is beginning 
to transform businesses, economies 
and society. While people build 
smart cities and businesses, it is 
also important that they remain safe 
cities and safe businesses. There 
is a growing acceptance of this 
need and IoT security is emerging 
as a key component in the overall 
IoT infrastructure. The global IoT 
security market is slated to witness 
tremendous growth and expected to 
reach about $1.5 Billion in 2018.

Seeing this need we worked for 
the last two years to create a multi-
vertical IoT security solution called 
Subex Secure. We have an extensive 
honeypot network that enables us to 
proactively capture threat signatures 
that are subsequently packaged and 
deployed to protect IoT installations. 
Subex Secure already protects over  
8 Million IoT devices. The IoT Security 
Laboratory and various partnerships 
that we have signed will help us to 
secure a portion of the expected 
multi-fold increase in the IoT Security 
market.

We recently announced a 
collaboration with a large automobile 
Original Equipment Manufacturer 
(OEM) to provide cutting-edge 
security solutions to secure 
Connected Car Domains where 
Subex will provide vulnerability 
assessment, penetration testing and 
security modules incorporated in the 
OEM’s new products. The connected 
car segment is extremely buoyant 
and likely to disrupt the automobile 
industry.

Our mission is to secure the digital 
world and here we are making good 
progress.

Were you pleased with the 
Company’s performance in FY 
2018?
FY18 was a an interesting year. With 
a bulk of the financial and Balance 

Sheet clean-up completed, we were 
able to start working towards growing 
the Company. Within the means 
available, we invested in our portfolio 
to make it relevant to the times 
and also launched the IoT security 
product.

From a financial standpoint, we 
managed things reasonably well. 
Amidst a flat market marked by 
geopolitical and forex issues, we 
increased our contracted new order 
booking by 15% over FY17. We 
ended FY 18 with a revenue of $50.5 
Million, EBITDA for $7.9 Million and 
PAT of $3.2 Million. From the breakup 
of revenues, you will notice that the 
annuity stream that accounts for over 
70% of the total revenue stabilized 
and, going forward, we expect it to 
continue the same trend. This was the 
result of a conscious effort to move 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 11

1 telco belonging to major telecom 
operator group and the project is near 
completion. The progress in terms of 
results has been encouraging, which 
we intend to promote aggressively. 
This should provide us with more 
mileage to showcase our NAM 
portfolio to other Tier 1 telcos, and we 
expect them to adopt this new way of 
handling assets.

In the area of IoT security, the market 
is expected to grow multifold and we 
are positioned to secure a part of this 
market expansion. We hope to sign 
more strategic partnership contracts, 
one similar to what we announced 
with Pod Systems during the course 
of this year.

Horizon 3 consists of our long-term 
growth initiatives. We plan to launch 
our new portfolio of products and 
services around new high growth 
areas such as Customer Journey 
Analytics, Digital Identity, Anomaly 
Detection etc. We plan to launch one 
product during the latter part of this 
year and incubate a few more ideas 
for market release next year. We 
have access to a significant portion 
of the global telecom traffic and 
the attempt is to see how we can 
leverage this access, timing with the 
planned opening/ set up of digital 
infrastructure like the ‘IndiaStack’. 
We are also planning to expand 
our assurance offerings to markets 
outside the telecom vertical.

On the overall, we plan to invest 
actively in our mid-term and long-term 
growth areas starting this year. 

these areas. However, the business 
models, valuations and many other 
aspects of these businesses are 
different. Hence it was difficult for 
us to get attention from the right 
partners. Hence a new structure with 
different LLPs were created and we 
hope this will address the issue.

What are the key focus areas 
for Subex?
Revenue growth and a vibrant Subex 
will be our immediate focus areas. 
These two aspects feed on each 
other and one cannot exist without 
the other. We have been stuck at the 
$50M level for a while and it is critical 
for us to break out and accelerate. 
Only then we would be able to 
report growth and prosperity, for all 
stakeholders. I intend to relentlessly 
drive the company’s focus on these 
two aspects and pursue it with the 
required vigor to make them happen.

How does Subex intend to 
grow?
We foresee the growth of Subex 
from three horizons. Horizon 1 will 
focus on the short-term. The objective 
here is to perform better in our core 
business, which consists of fraud 
management, revenue assurance and 
interconnect billing solutions for the 
telecom segment. The advancements 
that we have made in these areas 
will allow us to compete better and 
attract a higher market share. We will 
continue to evolve our products and 
improve efficiency.

Horizon 2 will provide the near-term 
growth for the Company. We intend 
to execute well on our new portfolio, 
namely multi-vertical IoT security 
and the Network Asset Management 
(NAM) solution. Last year, we secured 
our first customer for NAM, a Tier 

towards managed services to mitigate 
the challenges of lumpiness of license 
sales and to bring predictability into 
revenue and margins. The license 
revenue will have variations based on 
the structure and when the contract 
bookings are done. In Q4 of FY17, 
we converted $3 Million revenue 
from the contracts booked in that 
quarter, whereas in Q4 of FY18 it was 
only $600K, even though the total 
contract bookings were higher. Even 
though on a year-to-year basis, the 
revenue showed a decrease, from an 
overall competitive and market share 
increase perspective, we did better.

What was the rationale behind 
the Subex restructuring?
As we expand into new areas 
outside our core products of revenue 
management, it is necessary to attract 
strategic partners and talents to grow 

On IoT security, the market is expected 
to grow multifold and we are well 
positioned to secure a part of this 
market expansion. We hope to sign 
more strategic partnership contracts, 
one similar to what we announced 
with Pod Systems, during the course 
of this year.

12 | SUBEX LIMITED

OUR PERFORMANCE 
IN NUMBERS

Revenues (H crore)

PAT (H crore)

PAT (%)

3
3
.
7
5
3

6
4
.
2
2
3

2
3
.
4
2
3

6
1
-
5
1
0
2
Y
F

7
1
-
6
1
0
2
Y
F

8
1
-
7
1
0
2
Y
F

1
2

8
1
-
7
1
0
2
Y
F

6
1
-
5
1
0
2
Y
F

7
1
-
6
1
0
2
Y
F

)

3
4

(

)

4
7

(

8
3
.
6

8
1
-
7
1
0
2
Y
F

6
1
-
5
1
0
2
Y
F

7
1
-
6
1
0
2
Y
F

)

0
1
.
2
1

(

)

4
0
.
3
2

(

Annual Report 2017-18 | 13

Message from Head of Strategy and Products

A CONVERSATION WITH ROHIT MAHESHWARI

The two key strengths of Subex 
comprise access to large amounts of 
data and an in-depth understanding of 
the telco business.

Rohit Maheshwari
Head of Strategy and Products

T here has been a paradigm shift 

in the global telco business in 
the last few years.

From mere utility providers of voice 
and data services, our customers 
have transformed into digital service 
providers offering the complete 
spectrum of communication and 
digital services.

While digital services hold significant 
prospects, digital service providers 
are encountering stiff competition 
from OTT players. The verdict is clear: 
players can either invest in innovation 
or become irrelevant.

The result is that a larger number of 
CSPs are making bigger investments 
in network augmentation, especially 
in rolling out 5G. This has resulted 
in a pressure on BSS funding, a 
key area where Subex operates. 

However, our experience indicates 
that following the launch of any new 
technology or allied infrastructure 
creation, there could be a need to 
re-invest in business support systems 
comprising revenue assurance, 
fraud management and partner 
settlements, among others. In view of 
this, we are confident that our legacy 
business will rebound even as they 
were relatively flat during the year 
under review.

Building a sustainable future
At Subex, we divide prospects across 
the near-term, mid-term and long-
term – the ‘three horizon outlook’.

The most proximate horizon 
comprises fraud management, 
revenue assurance and interconnect 
billing solutions in the telecom 
segment. We are geared to perform 

>15 Billion

We have worked with 
some of the largest telcos, 
who generate >15 Billion 
transactions per day. 

Subex is agile, flexible and open-mind-
ed compatible with rapid changes 
across the landscape. Subex expects 
to continue empowering customers in 
responding with speed to technological 
shifts across the foreseeable future.

14 | SUBEX LIMITED

well in this area following investments 
in skill building, big data platform 
creation and AI cum machine learning 
investments. We expect to sustain 
product evolution and solutions 
efficiency enhancement to address 
customer requirements and stabilize 
related revenues.

Our second horizon comprises new 
areas we nurtured in the last few 
years. We expended significant 
resources in shoring capabilities 
across IoT security, network 
analytics and telecom asset lifecycle 
management (ALM) solutions. We 
expect to sustain business through 
the short-term and accelerate during 
the mid-term.

I am pleased to communicate that 
in FY18, we secured our first ALM 
customer, a Tier I telco from a major 
telecom operator group and this 
project is expected to be completed 
by end 2018. The initial results are 
encouraging and we expect the 
execution to be successful, helping 
attract other Tier 1 telcos.

In the area of IoT security solutions, 
the market is expected to grow 
15-fold to US$1.5 Billion (Source: 
Gartner) by 2020. Subex is attractively 
positioned to secure a part of this 
market growth. We intend to sign 
strategic partnership contracts, one 
being similar to what we announced 
with Pod Systems during the course 
of the year under review.

The predominant revenue model 
for IoT security solutions would 
be subscription-based - different 
from the conventional model. In 
any subscription model, revenue 
accretion will be slow during the initial 

period but could ramp up with speed 
following increases IoT adoption. 
We expect new portfolios to account 
for an attractive part of the newly 
contracted business with significant 
revenues likely from FY20 onwards.

The third or the long-term horizon 
comprises high-growth business 
areas. Subex’s engagement with 
telcos provides access to large 
amounts of data. The Company 
will examine ways in which it can 
monetize this access in line with 
growing digitalization the world over.

Subex is respected in the end-to-end 
business assurance telco segment. 
Since adjacent markets, where 
assurance is equally relevant, are not 
as evolved, we intend to repurpose 
our assurance skills for these markets 
outside the telecom segment. Our 
proven expertise will provide us the 
with the fuel we need to pursue mid-
term and long-term goals.

The Subex edge
The two key strengths of Subex 
comprise access to large amounts of 
data and an in-depth understanding of 
the telco business.

We have worked with some of 
the largest telcos, who generate 
>15 Billion transactions per day. 
These transactions represent data 
repositories that can be mined to 
generate useful information. We 
invested in best-in-class platforms 
to leverage big data; we scaled the 
business to stay ahead.

Subex is agile, flexible and open-
minded compatible with rapid 
changes across the landscape. Subex 
expects to continue empowering 

customers in responding with speed 
to technological shifts across the 
foreseeable future.

A transforming Subex
To sustain our growth engine, we 
will need to keep innovating while 
venturing into new areas. In view 
of this, we started focusing on 
strengthening our skills, which could 
help us transform our revenue profiles 
and enter the ever-expanding IoT 
segment. 

At the 2018 Mobile World Congress 
in Barcelona where I was present, 
there was a broad consensus that 
2018 would be a defining year for IoT. 
We expect that our head start should 
translate into a growing presence in 
this niche. Artificial Intelligence (AI) 
has emerged as the next big thing; 
many great ideas in AI that had been 
languishing in textbooks for decades, 
because of a lack of computational 
power to apply them, have gained 
fruition, thanks to two big changes. 
One, the rate at which data is being 
collated has increased exponentially. 
Two, the arrival of groundbreaking 
technologies, such as neural nets, 
have allowed AI to ‘evolve’ to solve 
complex problems. 

AI analytics will help us transform 
our existing businesses and allow 
us to offer new-age solutions that 
are customer-centric and in heavy 
demand. In view of these reasons 
and realities, we are confident of 
replicating our retrospective growth 
across a more compressed period of 
time.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 15

Message from Head of IoT Security 

A CONVERSATION WITH KIRAN ZACHARIAH

By 2020, IoT is expected to aggregate 
20 to 50 Billion devices, growing 
exponentially from ~6.4 Billion 
devices in 2016.

Kiran Zachariah
Head of IoT Security 

T he new global connectivity 

wave is extending beyond 
laptops and smartphones. This 
wave is extending towards connected 
cars, smart homes, connected 
wearables, Smart Cities and 
connected healthcare - a connected 
life.

Over the past few years, there 
has been extensive discussion 
around the IoT impact across the 
world. Although little has transpired 
in reality, the prospects remain 
compelling. During the year under 

review, we spent the first three 
quarters planning and designing IoT 
projects; during the last quarter, we 
implemented them. Most of these 
projects comprised cost Optimisation 
while other projects focused on 
equipment downtime reduction and 
minimized manual interventions in the 
areas of monitoring and predictive 
maintenance.

Over the next couple of years, we 
plan to focus on industrial IoT and 
automated cars - two rapidly growing 
segments. The automotive IoT market 

US$1.5 Billion

In the area of IoT security 
solutions, the market is 
expected to grow 15-fold 
to US$1.5 Billion (source: 
Gartner) by 2020.

16 | SUBEX LIMITED

threat intelligence to mitigate risks. 
Although IoT attacks can target 
individual components, when they 
are connected to the entire IT 
network, they can affect the entire 
infrastructure.

Subex offers solutions for the entire 
IoT ecosystem. We use signatures 
from honeypots and machine learning 
to determine if the device has been 
compromised. The result: our threat 
responsiveness is 25-35% more 
effective than competing alternatives.

The Subex edge is derived from its 
first-mover advantage. The Company 
has focused singularly on the telecom 
sector and now the time has come to 
venture into areas like Defense and 
education.

Subex is transforming with 
speed
By 2020, IoT is expected to aggregate 
20 to 50 Billion devices, growing 
exponentially from ~6.4 Billion 
devices in 2016.

IoT providers will need to address 
the increasing stress on their existing 
infrastructure and factor this growth 
while designing ecosystems. Subex 
Secure is built around a framework 
that monitors 500 Million devices 
and 6 Billion transactions a day on 
commodity hardware via 300 global 
installations. This telco-grade solution 
has been developed using telecom 
innovations from across the last two 
decades. The framework, deployed 
at some of the largest telcos, is 

is projected to reach US$ 82.79 Billion 
by 2022. By 2020, an estimated 250 
Million connected vehicles would 
be on roads, enhancing security and 
hacking concerns.

The development of Smart Cities and 
Smart Nations are at a pilot stage and 
we are adapting our business model 
around changes in the IoT realm.

Building a sustainable future
At Subex, we selected to develop 
inch-wide and mile-deep competence. 
Our selection of the IoT security 
area was on the grounds that it was 
niche and relatively under-populated 
by specialized players. Besides, IoT 
security is different from the security 
solutions that runs on conventional IT 
hardware. A normal security solution 
is difficult to run on the connected 
devices that are part of the IoT 
ecosystem.

The large cyber-attacks on IoT devices 
have vindicated our presence in 
this space. We are now monitoring 
over 8 Million devices worldwide. 
What makes Subex different is its 
focus on building threat intelligence 
through IoT and ICS and using that 

constantly modified to address 
escalating network traffic while 
reducing the total cost of ownership.

Looking ahead, we would like to triple 
the number of devices we monitor 
across four years as we carve out a 
large slice of the segment. We are 
continuing to lay a keen emphasis on 
catering to telco customers who are 
a part of the IoT; we are planning to 
launch Cloud or SaaS-based models.

It is the convergence of these realities 
that makes me optimistic of the 
Company’s long-term prospects.  

Subex Secure is built around a frame-
work that monitors 500 Million devices 
and 6 Billion transactions a day on 
commodity hardware via 300 global 
installations.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 17

MAKING 
TOMORROW
SUSTAINABLE

18 | SUBEX LIMITED

Making our presence felt in the niche IoT security space

IoT provides always-connected services to digital subscribers.

IoT ecosystems are complex; a typical deployment comprises multiple systems (platforms, 
databases, mobile apps, load balancers, web interfaces and certificate servers, among others).

Since IoT exposes subscribers to identity theft and security breach, an effective IoT security 
solution can potentially secure components while comprehending traffic flows across OSI 
layers (three to seven).

Subex provides holistic cyber security solutions that protect enterprises, among the first few 
companies to provide solutions against unauthorized intrusion.

The market is large and growing. The number of global IoT devices could quintuple between 
2016 and 2020. The market could grow to US$ 29.02 Billion by 2020.

Subex Secure offers comprehensive IoT security coverage from real-time discovery and 
monitoring to response and recovery. This solution leverages a one-of-its-kind honeypot 
network that combines physical devices and device emulations to generate IoT/ICS signatures. 
The system evaluates global identity and device breaches, updating the Subex Secure signature 
repository to safeguard enterprises from emerging IoT threats.

Subex has an extensive honeypot network that enables the Company to proactively capture 
threat signatures that are subsequently packaged and deployed to protect IoT installations.

By transforming the existing assurance business

As digital technologies disrupt traditional internet service providers and telcos, revenues are 
shrinking for legacy carriers.

IP-based disruptors are eroding traditionally profitable revenue streams (overseas calls), 
affecting telco growth.

The adoption of new technologies entails revenue-related risks. For instance, in the billing 
domain, diverse data plans enable subscribers to indulge in an all-you-can-eat buffet of 
gigabytes for a flat rate, while other subscribers can cherry-pick plans that suit their needs.

The art of revenue management has been made complex by the addition of virtualized 
networks, streaming services, onboarding of new subscribers, renewal of subscriptions and 
termination of subscriptions.

Although telcos provisionally moderately their budgets to prepare for 5G, this could re-emerge 
as a focus area.

Subex is globally respected for its strong solutions suite that provides real-time assurance to 
CSPs. The Company is poised to capitalize on the next wave of sectoral investments; its ability 
to mine data, garner actionable information and create customized solutions are expected to 
help Subex emerge as the port-of-first-call for global telcos on the one hand and widen revenue 
streams on the other.

Subex making its 
future sustainable 
through continuously 
strengthening its 
existing businesses 
and also through 
venturing into the 
the high-growth IoT 
security space through 
offering cutting-edge 
solutions. 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 19

SUBEX - 
BECOMING FUTURE-READY…

Reputed 
Over the past 
25 years, Subex 
has made 300+ 
global installations; its clients 
comprise >75% of the top-
50 global CSPs, reinforcing 
its position as one of the 
most respected names in the 
telecommunication and IoT 
spaces. 

Integrated 
Subex 
processes 
several 

petabytes of data every day. 
This data is mined through 
advanced analytical tools 
that salvage actionable 
information and offer 
customized solutions.

Balanced  
Subex enjoys 
an adjusted 
mix of revenue 
streams (license-based and 
subscription-based, among 
others).  

Focused  
Subex helps 
clients address 
sectoral 

challenges, open up new 
revenue streams, enable 
operational excellence and 
enhance their customer 
experience. 

Differentiated  
Subex has 
selected to 
work in niche 

and relatively under-crowded 
segments; the foray into 
the IoT security segment 
is a manifestation of this 
approach. 

People-oriented  
Subex is driven 
by 900+ people 
working globally 

to drive innovation and 
product development.

Foresight  
Subex has 
an extensive 
honeypot 

network that enables the 
Company to proactively 
capture threat signatures that 
are subsequently packaged 
and deployed to protect IoT 
installations.

Futuristic  
Subex is  
leveraging 
new-age 

technologies like Artificial 
Intelligence (AI) and Machine 
Learning (ML) to stay relevant 
in the evolving industry 
space.

20 | SUBEX LIMITED

SUBEX - 
MAKING A DIFFERENCE TOGETHER

The Subex Charitable Trust is a non-
profit trust that mobilizes employee 
participation in community projects. 
SCT supports causes of community 
welfare, specifically for the 
economically backward and specially-
abled individuals. The Trust supports 
initiatives based on requests received 
from diverse sources.

ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN 
DURING 2017-18
 Education aid: The Subex Charitable 
Trust sponsored 40 economically-
challenged students from rural areas 
with scholarships through the Nurture 
Merit program.

 Education aid: The Company 
sponsored tuition fees for the 
Vidyaranya Trust Orphanage.

 Vocation Training for Women 
empowerment: SCT tied up with the 
Prerana Resource Centre for providing 
vocational training to visually impaired 
and disabled orphan teenage girls, 

Sponsoring their tuition fees. As part 
of this program, 25 blind and disabled 
girls were provided training in 3 
phases – Basic Education, Vocational 
Training & Employment follow-up. 
Out of the 25, 22 blind/disabled Girls 
were successful in attaining jobs in 
different factories – textile industry, 
packaging industry, printing and 
others.

 Received Nurture Merit contribution 
from 33 Subexians and more than 20 
Subexians are contributing a monthly 
amount from their salary for SCT 
activities.

 Other activities:

• Organized blood and stem cell 
donation camp with TTK Bank.

• Visited Bellandur Government 
School and Government School, 
Kadubisanahalli for checking their 
requirements.

• Provided 10 desktop computers to 

Government Higher Secondary School 
for education purposes. Provided 
a water cooler for providing clean 
drinking water to the students.

• Donated clothes and toys for 
economically challenged children 
through Goonj with the help of 
Subexian volunteers.

• Vidyaranya Trust Orphanage - SCT 
volunteers spent time with children 
and donated back packs and water 
sippers to children.

• Opportunity School for mentally 
challenged: SCT volunteers visited 
and spent time with mentally 
challenged children and donated back 
packs and water sippers.

• Donated cots and mattresses to 
Shishu Mandir, a home for destitute 
children.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 21

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Mr. Anil Singhvi
Chairman and Independent Director

Mr. Vinod Kumar
Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer

Ms. Poornima Prabhu
Independent Director

Ms. Nisha Dutt
Independent Director

22 | SUBEX LIMITED

LEADERSHIP TEAM

Mr. Vinod Kumar
Managing Director and Chief 
Executive Officer

Mr. Rohit Maheshwari
Head of Strategy & Products

Mr. Suraj Balachandran
Head of Sales – EMEA & APAC

Mr. Mark Bourgoin
Vice President Sales - North America

Mr. Kiran Zachariah
Head of IoT Security

Ms. Mehernaz Dalal
Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Mohan Sitharam
Chief Human Resources Officer

Mr. David Halvorson
General Counsel

Annual Report 2017-18 | 23

Boards’ Report 

Your  Directors  have  pleasure  in  presenting  the  24th  Annual  Report  of  the  Company  on  the  business  and  operations  together  with  the 
audited results for the year ended March 31, 2018.

1. FINANCIAL RESULTS

Particulars

Total Revenue

Share of profit/(loss) net

Other Income

Finance Cost

Profit/ (loss) before exceptional items and tax expense

Exceptional Items

Profit/ (loss) before tax

Tax expenses

Profit/ (loss) after tax

Other comprehensive income

i.   

to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods

ii.   not to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent 

periods 

Consolidated

Standalone*

2017-18

2016-17

2017-18

2016-17

       (H in Lakhs)

    32,432 

35,733

17,993

-

          140

775

     2,275 

1,166

3,441

1,373

2,068

(240)

(210)

(30)

-

1,154

2,040

7,528

(10,890)

(3,362)

961

(4,323)

(1,376)

(1,344)

(32)

37

66

547

(200)

389

189

157

32

(8)

-

(8)

24

32,441

-

1,253

 1,505

4,162

(4,591)

(429)

254

(683)

(33)

-

(33)

(716)

Total comprehensive income for the year

1,828

(5,699)

*Pursuant to the restructuring, the current year’s standalone figures  are not comparable to the previous year’s standalone figures. (Also 
refer note 31 of the standalone financial statements).

2. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 
During the financial year ended March 31, 2018, the total revenue 
on a standalone basis was H17,993 Lakhs as against the revenue 
for  the  previous  year  which  was  H32,441  Lakhs.  The  Company 
has during the year under review earned a profit of H32 Lakhs as 
against a loss of H683 Lakhs in the previous year.

On a consolidated basis, the total revenue stood at H32,432 Lakhs 
as against H35,733 Lakhs during the previous year. The profit for 
the financial year 2017-18 is H2,068 Lakhs as against loss of H4,323 
Lakhs in the previous year.

3. DIVIDEND
The Directors have not proposed any dividend for the financial year 
2017-18. 

4. TRANFER TO RESERVES 
There is no transfer to general reserves during the year 2017-18. 

Pursuant  to  restructuring,  the  difference  between  net  assets 
transferred and the capital contribution of H2,776 Lakhs has been 
transferred to Capital reserve. Also refer note 31 of the standalone 
financial statements.

24 | SUBEX LIMITED

5. SHARE CAPITAL
As at March 31, 2018 and as at the date of this report, the authorised, issued, subscribed and paid- up capital of the Company is as below:
 (Amount in H)

Share Capital

Authorised 
At the beginning of the year–
Equity Shares @ H10 each
Preference Shares @ H98 each

Issued
Equity Shares @ H10 each
Preference Shares @ H98 each

Subscribed 
Equity Shares @ H10 each
Preference Shares @ H98 each

Fully Paid- up
Equity Shares @ H10 each
Preference Shares @ H98 each

As on April 01, 2017 

Increase during the year   As on March 31, 2018

5,450,400,000
19,600,000

430,000,000
Nil

5,880,400,000
                    19,600,000

5,069,079,360
Nil

550,949,990#
Nil

5,620,029,350
Nil

5,069,079,360
Nil

550,949,990
Nil

5,620,029,350
Nil

5,069,079,360
Nil

550,949,990
Nil

5,620,029,350
Nil

# On May 15, 2017, the Company made an allotment of 55,094,999 equity shares of the Company on a preferential basis at an issue 
price of  H14 per equity share (Face value of  H10 per equity share). (The proceeds of the equity shares issued on preferential basis, has 
been utilized for the acquisition of Intellectual Property Rights viz. DIM from Subex Americas Inc. and to strengthen the long term capital 
structure of the Company.)

Sl. No.
i.  
ii.  

iii.  

Investors
QVT Singapore Fund Pte. Ltd
Tonbridge (Mauritius) Limited

Leeds (Mauritius) Limited
Total

No. of shares
27,531,428
17,916,321

9,647,250
55,094,999

Subex  has  received  numerous  awards  jointly  with  its  customers. 

The recent awards include:

•  Aegis  Graham  Bell  Award  2017  for  Innovation  in  ROC  Insights 

under “Data Science” Category

•  Global  Telecoms  Business  Innovation  Award  2017  with  Saudi 

6. BUSINESS
Subex is a leading telecom analytics solutions provider, enabling a 

digital future for global telcos. Founded in 1994, Subex has spent 

over two decades in enabling 3/4th of the largest 50 Communication 

Service Providers (CSPs) globally achieve competitive advantage. 

By leveraging data which is gathered across networks, customers 

and  systems  coupled  with 

its  domain  knowledge  and  the 

capabilities  of  its  core  solutions,  Subex  helps  CSPs  to  drive  new 

business  models,  enhance  customer  experience  and  optimise 

enterprises. Subex leverages its award-winning analytics solutions 

in  areas  such  as  Revenue  Assurance,  Fraud  Management,  Asset 

Assurance  and  Partner  Management  “Revenue  Management 

Services/RMS  business”  and  complements  them  through  its 

newer solutions such as IoT Security “Digital Business”. Subex also 

offers scalable Managed Services and Business Consulting services. 

It has more than 300 installations across 90+ countries.

Telecom Company

• Pipeline Innovation Awards under “Managed Services” category & 

“Innovations in Security & Assurance”

As  part  of  the  business  restructuring  efforts  of  the  Company, 

the  Company  invested  in  two  Limited  Liability  Partnership  (LLP) 

entities.  Pursuant  to  this,  two  LLPs-  Subex  Digital  LLP  and  Subex 

Assurance LLP were incorporated on April 05, 2017. Pursuant to: (i) 

the in-principle approval accorded by the Board of Directors of the 

Company (“Board”) at its meeting No. 2/2017-18 held on May 25, 

2017; (ii) the final approval accorded by the Board at its meeting 

No.  5/  2017-18  held  on  August  21,  2017;  and  (iii)  the  approval 

accorded  by  the  members  of  the  Company  vide  postal  ballot  on 

September 23, 2017;

Annual Report 2017-18 | 25

7. SUBSIDIARIES (WHOLLY OWNED AND OTHER 
SUBSIDIARIES)
SUBEX ASSURANCE LLP AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
For the year ended March 31, 2018, Subex Assurance LLP earned a 
net income of H12,818 Lakhs and a net profit of H635 Lakhs.

As at March 31, 2018, Subex Limited held more than 99.99 % of the 
capital in Subex Assurance LLP and the balance is held by Subex 
Digital LLP.

Pursuant to the business restructuring of the Company, Subex (UK) 
Limited became a wholly owned subsidiary of Subex Assurance LLP 
with effect from November 01, 2017.

•   For  the  year  ended  March  31,  2018,  the  Standalone  income 
of  Subex  (UK)  Limited  was  H16,398  Lakhs  as  against  H17,619 
Lakhs last year, and the net loss was H5,308 Lakhs as against a 
net gain of H1,859 Lakhs last year.

•   Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary 
of Subex (UK) Limited. For the year ended March 31, 2018, the 
Standalone  income  of  Subex  (Asia  Pacific)  Pte.  Limited  was 
H2,992 Lakhs as against H2,555 Lakhs last year, and the net loss 
was H655 Lakhs as against a net gain of H892 Lakhs last year. 
During  the  year  Subex  (Asia  Pacific)  Pte.  Ltd  issued  8  million 
shares  at  SG$1  per  share  to  its  holding  Company  Subex  (UK) 
Limited to meet its fund requirements.

•   Subex Inc.is a wholly owned subsidiary of Subex (UK) Limited. 
For the year ended March 31, 2018, the Standalone income of 
Subex Inc. was H9,353 Lakhs as against H10,694 Lakhs last year, 
and the net gain was H86 Lakhs as against a net gain of H117 
Lakhs last year.

•   Pursuant to the business restructuring of the Company, Subex 
Middle East (FZE) became a wholly owned subsidiary of Subex 
Assurance  LLP  with  effect  from  November  01,  2017.  For  the 
year ended March 31, 2018, the standalone income of Subex 
Middle East (FZE) is H1,132 Lakhs as against H1,706 Lakhs last 
year and loss of H14 Lakhs as against a gain of H35 lakhs last 
year.

SUBEX DIGITAL LLP
For the year ended March 31, 2018, Subex Digital LLP earned a net 
income of H33 Lakhs and incurred a net loss of H598 Lakhs.

As  at  March  31,  2018  Subex  Limited  held  more  than  99.99  %  of 
the capital in Subex Digital LLP and the balance is held by Subex 
Assurance LLP.

(i)  The Revenue Maximization Solutions and related businesses 
carried out by the Company, was contributed to its subsidiary, 
Subex Assurance LLP for a consideration of H615,64,56,051/- 
(Rupees  Six  Hundred  Fifteen  Crores,  Sixty  Four  Lakhs,  Fifty 
Six thousand and Fifty one only), in the form of credit to the 
Company’s capital account with Subex Assurance LLP

(ii)  The  Subex  Secure  and  Analytics  solutions  and  related 
businesses  carried  out  by  the  Company,  was  contributed 
to  its  subsidiary,  Subex  Digital  LLP  for  a  consideration  of 
H18,68,84,750/- (Rupees Eighteen Crores, Sixty Eight Lakhs, 
Eighty Four Thousand, Seven Hundred and Fifty only), in the 
form  of  credit  to  the  Company’s  capital  account  with  Subex 
Digital LLP.

The purpose of the Restructuring was to achieve the following 
commercial reasons, inter alia:

(i)  Segregate 

the  Company’s  business 

into  separate 
verticals,  facilitating  greater  focus  on  each  business 
vertical and higher operational efficiencies;

(ii)  enhance the ability of the Company to enter into business 
specific partnerships and to attract strategic investors at 
respective business levels;

(iii)  improve  organizational  capabilities,  arising  from  the 
segregation of human capital and focus the diverse skills, 
talent  and  experience  in  specialized  fields  to  compete 
successfully in an increasingly competitive industry;

(iv)  de-risk various business verticals from each other; and

(v)  enhance value for the shareholders of the Company.

The  Board  at  its  meeting  held  on  October  04,  2017,  approved 
November 01, 2017 as the effective date for the restructuring of 
the business of the Company.

SEZ I and II
The  Company  transferred  SEZ  units  I  &  II  to  its  subsidiary,  Subex 
Assurance  LLP,  with  effect  from  November  01,  2017  i.e.  the 
effective date of the business Restructuring.

SEZ III
During the year the Company completed all its statutory formalities 
/ compliances under SEZ Act/Rules in respect of this new unit and 
commenced operations from this unit.

Further  details  on  the  business  of  the  Company  is  provided  in 
the  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis  section  of  the  Annual 
Report.

26 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
Subex  Azure  Holding  Inc.  is  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  Subex 

Americas  Inc.  There  were  no  transactions  during  the  year  under 

review.

As  on  March  31,  2018,  Subex  Limited  holds  100  common  shares 

(92.59%)  in  the  capital  of  Subex  Americas  Inc.  and  Subex  (UK) 

Limited  holds  8  common  shares  (7.41%)  in  the  capital  of  Subex 

Americas Inc.

SUBEX TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
Subex Technologies Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Subex 
Limited. For the year ended March 31, 2018, Subex Technologies 
Limited incurred a net loss of H4 Lakhs as against a net profit of H54 
Lakhs last year. There are no business operations at present. 

SUBEX AMERICAS INC.
For  the  year  ended  March  31,  2018,  the  standalone  income  of 
Subex Americas Inc. was H851 Lakhs as against H3,186 Lakhs last 
year, and net profit was H6,264 Lakhs as against a profit of H3,012 
Lakhs last year. 

8. FINANCE
FOREIGN CURRENCY CONVERTIBLE BONDS (FCCB’s)
The details of the FCCB’s of the Company are summarized below :

Particulars

(amount in US$ million)

 US$ 180,000,000 
2.00% coupon 
convertible bonds 
"FCCB I" 

 US$ 98,700,000 
5.00% convertible 
unsecured bonds 
"FCCB II"   

 US$ 127,721,000 
5.70% secured 
convertible bonds 
"FCCB III" 

Issue of FCCB I on March 08, 2007

Restructuring of bonds during 2009-10

Discount @ 30%

Balance as on November 02, 2009

Conversion to equity in 2009-10 and 2010-11

Balance March 31, 2011

Restructuring of bonds during 2012-13

Premium 

Balance on July 06,  2012

Mandatory conversion to equity shares on July 17, 2012

Balance after mandatory conversion

Conversion to equity up to March 31, 2016

Balance as on March 31, 2016

Conversion during 2016-17

Redemption on March 06, 2017

Balance as on March 31, 2017

Redemption on July 07, 2017

Balance as on March 31, 2018

 180.00 

 (141.00)

- 

 39.00 

- 

 39.00 

 (38.00)

- 

 1.00 

- 

 1.00 

- 

 1.00 

- 

 (1.00)

 -    

-

Nil

As on March 31, 2018, the Company did not have any outstanding FCCB’s.

- 

 141.00 

 (42.30)

 98.70 

 (43.90)

 54.80

 (53.40)

- 

 1.40

-

 1.40 

- 

 1.40 

 -

 (1.40)

 -    

-

Nil

-

 -

 -

 -

 -

 -

 91.40 

 36.32 

 127.72 

 (36.32)

 91.40 

 (86.85)

 4.55 

 (0.95)

- 

 3.60 

(3.60)

Nil

Annual Report 2017-18 | 27

9. DEPOSITS
Your Company has not accepted any deposits from the public.

4 years and can be exercised over a period of 3 years from the date 
of vesting.

10. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION SCHEMES
Details of the Company’s Employee Stock Option Plans are given 
below:

a. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION PLAN-2005 (ESOP-III)
Under  this  scheme,  an  initial  corpus  of  5,00,000  options  was 
created  for  grant  to  the  eligible  employees,  with  each  option 
convertible  into  one  fully  paid-up  equity  share  of  H10/-.  This 
scheme  was  formulated  in  accordance  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange  Board  of  India  (Employee  Stock  Option  Scheme  and 
Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. The corpus of 
the scheme was further enhanced by 15,00,000 options during the 
financial  year  2007-08.  The  Company  has  obtained  the  requisite 
in-principle approvals from the stock exchanges for the listing of 
equity shares arising out of exercise of options granted under the 
scheme.

The  Compensation  Committee  granted  options  to  the  eligible 
employees in accordance with the provisions of the scheme. The 
options were granted at a price, which was not less than 85% of 
the average of the closing price of the equity shares during the 15 
trading  days  preceding  the  date  of  grant  on  the  stock  exchange 
where there was highest trading volume during this period. Unless 
otherwise resolved, the options granted vest over a period of 1 to 
4 years and could be exercised over a period of 3 years from the 
date of vesting.

The  tenure  for  grant  of  stock  options  under  ESOP  2005  scheme 
has  expired  in  2015  and  the  Company  is  only  administering  the 
outstanding stock options issued under the scheme.

b. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION PLAN-2008 (ESOP-IV)
During  2008-09,  your  Company  instituted  the  Employee  Stock 
Option Plan-2008. A corpus of 20,00,000 options were created for 
grant  to  the  eligible  employees  under  the  scheme.  The  Scheme 
was  formulated  in  accordance  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Board  of  India  (Employee  Stock  Option  Scheme  and  Employee 
Stock  Purchase  Scheme)  Guidelines,  1999.  The  Company  has 
obtained  the  requisite  in-principle  approvals  from  the  stock 
exchanges for the listing of equity shares arising out of exercise of 
options granted under the scheme.

The  Compensation  Committee  granted  options  to  the  eligible 
employees in accordance with the provisions of the scheme. The 
options were granted at a price, which is not less than 85% of the 
average  of  the  closing  price  of  the  equity  shares  during  the  15 
trading  days  preceding  the  date  of  grant  on  the  stock  exchange 
where there was highest trading volume during this period. Unless 
otherwise resolved, the options granted vest over a period of 1 to 

28 | SUBEX LIMITED

As on March 31, 2018, there are no outstanding options under the 
ESOP 2008 Scheme.

Additional information regarding the employee stock options as at 
March 31, 2018 is given in “Annexure A” to this report.

11. PARTICULARS OF GUARANTEES UNDER SECTION 186
Details of guarantees covered under Section 186 of the Companies 
Act 2013, are given in note number 35 (b) (iv) of the Standalone 
Financial Statements.

12. MATERIAL CHANGES AND COMMITMENTS BETWEEN THE 
END OF FINANCIAL YEAR AND DATE OF THE REPORT 
Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy, Non-Independent, Non-Executive Director, 
resigned from the Board with effect from May 04, 2018. 

13. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Your  Company  strongly  believes  that  the  spirit  of  Corporate 
Governance  goes  beyond  the  statutory  form.  Sound  Corporate 
Governance  is  a  key  driver  of  sustainable  corporate  growth  and 
long-term  value  creation  for  the  stakeholders  and  protection  of 
their interests. It endeavors to meet the growing aspirations of all 
stakeholders  including  shareholders,  employees  and  customers 
and is committed to maintaining the highest level of transparency, 
accountability  and  equity  in  its  operations.  It  always  strives  to 
follow  the  path  of  good  governance  through  a  broad  framework 
of various processes. 

Your  Company  has  complied  with  the  conditions  of  Corporate 
Governance  as  stipulated  in  the  SEBI  (Listing  Obligations  and 
Disclosure  Requirements),  Regulations,  2015  as  amended  from 
time to time. The Auditor’s certificate on compliance with respect 
to  the  same  is  annexed  herewith  in  “Annexure  B”.  In  addition, 
it has documented its internal policies in line with the Corporate 
Governance guidelines. The Management Discussion & Analysis of 
the financial position of the Company has been provided as a part 
of this report.

14. DIRECTORS
As per Section 152 of the Companies Act, 2013, at least two-third of 
the Directors shall be subject to retirement by rotation. One-third 
of  such  Directors  must  retire  from  office  at  each  Annual  General 
Meeting of the shareholders and a retiring Director is eligible for 
re-election. Accordingly, Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan, retires by 
rotation and being eligible, has offered to be re-appointed at the 
ensuing Annual General Meeting.

The Board at its meeting held on May 25, 2017 appointed Mr. Anil 
Singhvi,  Independent  Director,  as  the  Chairman  of  the  Company. 

Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan,  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  the 
Company  and  Mr.  Ashwin  Chalapathy,  Chief  Technology  Officer 
and  Head  of  Service  Delivery  of  the  Company  were  appointed 
as  Additional  Directors  and  Whole-Time  Directors  at  the  same 
meeting.  The  shareholders  approved  the  appointments  of  
Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan and Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy, at the 
23rd Annual General Meeting of the Company held on July 28, 2017.

Pursuant  to  the  restructuring  of  the  business  of  the  Company, 
the  Revenue  Maximisation  Solutions  business  was  contributed 
to  Subex  Assurance  LLP  and  the  Subex  Secure  and  Analytics 
solutions and related businesses was contributed to Subex Digital 
LLP.  Consequent  to  such  business  restructuring  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar 
Padmanabhan  and  Mr.  Ashwin  Chalapathy  were  appointed  in 
Subex  Assurance  LLP  and  they  continued  as  Non-  Executive  and 
Non-Independent  Directors  on  the  Board  of  the  Company  with 
effect from November 01, 2017, being the effective date of such 
business restructuring.

Mr. Surjeet Singh was re-appointed as the Managing Director & CEO 
of the Company at the Board Meeting held on October 04, 2017 for 
the period from October 05, 2017 to March 31, 2018. The said re-
appointment is being placed before the Members of the Company 
at the ensuing Annual General Meeting for their approval.

The Board at its meeting held on March 21, 2018, took note, that 
pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement of Mr. Surjeet 
Singh with the Company, his tenure as Managing Director & CEO of 
the Company concluded on March 31, 2018.

In  view  of  the  conclusion  of  tenure  of  Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  as  the 
Managing  Director  &  CEO  of  the  Company  and  pursuant  to  the 
recommendation of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, 
the  Board  at  its  meeting  held  on  March  21,  2018,  appointed  Mr. 
Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  as  the  Managing  Director  &  CEO  of 
the Company effective from April 01, 2018, for a tenure of three 
years. The said appointment is being placed before the Members 
of the Company at the ensuing Annual General Meeting for their 
approval.

Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy, Non-Independent, Non-Executive Director, 
resigned from the Board with effect from May 04, 2018.

The details regarding the familiarization program for Independent 
Directors is available on the website of your Company under the 
link https://www.subex.com/shareholder-services/.

15. BOARD MEETINGS
During the year, 10 Board Meetings were convened and held. The 
intervening  gap  between  the  meetings  was  within  the  period 
prescribed  under  the  Companies  Act,  2013  and  the  SEBI  (LODR), 
Regulations,  2015.  The  Board  meeting  number  and  the  dates  on 

which the meetings were held are as follows:

Board Meeting Number

Date of Meeting

1/2017-18

2/2017-18

3/2017-18

4/2017-18

5/2017-18

6/2017-18

7/2017-18

8/2017-18

9/2017-18

10/2017-18

May 25, 2017

May 25, 2017

June 05, 2017

July 28, 2017

August 21, 2017

October 04, 2017

November 10, 2017

December 21, 2017

January 29, 2018

March 21, 2018

The  details  of  the  attendance  of  the  Directors  is  provided  in  the 
Corporate Governance Report.

16. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
Pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013  and 
Regulation  17  (10)  of  the  SEBI  (LODR)  Regulations,  2015,  the 
Board  at  its  meeting  held  on  January  29,  2018  carried  out  an 
annual  performance  evaluation  of  its  own  performance,  the 
Directors individually as well as the evaluation of the working of its 
Committees. The manner in which the evaluation has been carried 
out has been explained in the Corporate Governance Report.

17. POLICY ON DIRECTORS APPOINTMENT AND 
REMUNERATION POLICY OF THE COMPANY
The  Policy  on  Appointment  of  Directors  and  the  Remuneration 
Policy of the Company forms a part of this report in “Annexure F”. 
and  the  Details  /  Disclosures  of  Ratio  of  Remuneration  to  each 
Director to the median employee’s remuneration in “Annexure H”.

18. AUDIT COMMITTEE
As  on  March  31,  2018,  the  Audit  Committee  had  4  Directors  as 
its  members  viz.  Mr.  Anil  Singhvi,  Chairman,  Ms.  Nisha  Dutt, 
Independent Director, Ms. Poornima Prabhu, Independent Director 
and  Mr.  Surjeet  Singh,  Managing  Director  &  CEO.  The  role,  terms 
of  reference,  the  authority  and  power  of  the  Audit  Committee 
are in conformity with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 
and Regulation 18 of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015. Further 
details of the Audit Committee have been provided in the report on 
Corporate Governance forming part of this Annual Report.

Mr. Surjeet Singh ceased to be the member of the Audit Committee 
as  on  March  31,  2018.  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  has  been 
appointed  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  with  effect  from  April 
01, 2018.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 29

19. AUDITORS
STATUTORY AUDITORS
M/s.  S.  R.  Batliboi  &  Associates  LLP,  Chartered  Accountants, 
Bengaluru  (Firm  Registration  Number  101049W/E300004),  the 
Statutory Auditors of the Company were appointed for a term of 5 
years at the AGM held on June 19, 2015.  

SECRETARIAL AUDITORS
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 204 of the Companies Act 2013 
and the Companies (Appointment and Remuneration of Managerial 
Personnel)  Rules  2014,  the  Company  has  appointed  M/s.  
V Sreedharan & Associates, a firm of Company Secretaries in practice 
to undertake the Secretarial Audit of the Company. The report of the 
Secretarial Audit is annexed herewith in “Annexure C”.

The  Secretarial  Auditors  have  in  their  report  for  the  financial 
year  2017-18  mentioned  that  while  the  Company  has  appointed 
an  Acting  Company  Secretary,  the  same  does  not  comply  with 
the  provisions  of  Section  203  (4)  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013 
wherein the Company is required to appoint a Company Secretary 
as whole time Key Managerial Person. The Board have noted the 
same and takes this opportunity to assure the Members and other 
stakeholders  of  the  Company  that  it  is  looking  out  for  a  suitable 
candidate  for  the  position  of  Company  Secretary  and  till  such 
time Mr. Arjun Makhecha, a member of the Institute of Company 
Secretaries  of  India  would  continue  as  the  Acting  Company 
Secretary of the Company.

20. PARTICULARS OF EMPLOYEES
The  particulars  of  employees  required  under  Section  197  of  the 
Companies  Act,  2013  read  with  Companies  (Appointment  and 
Remuneration  of  Managerial  Personnel)  Rules,  2014  is  enclosed 
hereto in “Annexure D”.

21. CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
Your  Company  is  committed  to  the  continual  development  of  its 
products  in  a  sustained  environment,  helping  its  customers  to 
operate  their  businesses  more  efficiently  and  enabling  them  to 
reduce their use of scarce resources and minimize waste.

As  a  software  product  Company,  the  impact  that  Subex  has  on 
the  environment  from  its  own  operations  is  relatively  low  when 
compared  to  companies  in  other  industries.  However,  Subex 
recognizes that it still has a role to play in reducing the impact that 
global business has on the environment. Subex is committed and 
targets towards following the best practices to reduce utilization of 
power, natural resources like water and limited E-Waste disposal, 
executed  through  government  recognized  agencies.  Though 
Subex does not fall under the category of manufacturing products 
and services impacting the environment, we implement few of the 
best practices with minimal investments through a five-year plan 

30 | SUBEX LIMITED

- agreement with an industry stalwart having expertise in energy 
conservation. This investment thereby results in monetary benefits 
/ savings month on month, helping us recover the invested amount 
in few months, ensuing continued savings through this initiative.

Suppliers delivering the products to Subex with regard to lighting, 
diesel  generators  etc,  abide  by  the  guidelines  laid  out  by  the 
government.

Subex aims to reduce its impact on the environment by:

i.  Monitoring the level of water and energy used along with the 

waste produced.

ii. 

Targeting a reduction in the use of water and energy reduction 
in  waste  along  with  an  increase  in  amount  of  waste  that  is 
recycled/ reused etc.

iii. 

Increasing  the  awareness  on  environment  safety  and 
engagement of employees.

iv.  Adopting sustainable practices designed to ensure the health 
and  safety  of  Subex’s  employees,  stakeholders  and  the 
environment.

v.  Operating  its  business  in  compliance  of  environmental  laws 

and regulations.

22. TECHNOLOGY ABSORPTION, ADOPTION AND 
INNOVATION
Your  Company  has  a  strong  Research  &  Development  Division 
responsible  for  developing  technologies  for  its  products  in  the 
telecom domain. The telecommunications domain, in which your 
Company  operates,  is  subject  to  rapid  technological  changes, 
introduction  of  new  services  and  intense  competition.  Your 
Company  has  developed  inherent  skills  to  keep  pace  with  these 
changes.  Since  software  products  are  the  significant  line  of 
business  of  your  Company,  the  Company  incurs  expenditure  on 
product  related  Research  &  Development  on  a  continuous  basis. 
These  expenses  are  charged  to  revenue  under  the  respective 
heads and are not segregated and accounted separately.

23. FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS AND EXPENDITURE
During  the  year  2017-18  total  foreign  exchange  earnings  and 
expenditure is as follows:

i) 

Foreign  Exchange  earnings  H16,240  Lakhs  (Previous  Year 
H29,930 Lakhs)

ii)   Foreign  Exchange  expenditure  H9,592  Lakhs  (Previous  Year 

H18,231 Lakhs)

Note: The foreign exchange expenditure is inclusive of the inter-
Company  charges  and  the  Previous  Year’s  figures  have  been 
restated accordingly.

24. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
To  enable  the  Company  to  take  required  measures  to  make  a 
meaningful contribution to society and other stakeholders, it has 
constituted  the  Corporate  Social  Responsibility  Committee  (CSR 
Committee) comprising of the following Directors.

27. INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND THEIR ADEQUACY
In  accordance  with  the  provision  of  Section  134(5)  of  the 
Companies Act, 2013, and as per the provisions of the SEBI (LODR), 
Regulations,  2015,  the  Company  has  an  Internal  Control  System, 
commensurate with the size, scale and complexity of its operations.

Composition

 Category 

Mr. Anil Singhvi (Chairman)

 Independent Director

Mr. Surjeet Singh

Ms. Nisha Dutt

 Managing Director & CEO

 Independent Director

Mr. Surjeet Singh ceased to be the member of the Committee as on 
March 31, 2018. 

Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan has been appointed as a member 
of the Committee with effect from April 01, 2018.

Pursuant  to  the  CSR  Policy  adopted  by  the  Board,  the  Company 
proposes  to  undertake  such  activities  as  may  be  useful  and 
contributive in nature. 

SUBEX CHARITABLE TRUST
Subex  Charitable  Trust  (SCT)  extends  the  outlook  of  Subex  as  a 
corporate entity into community service. SCT was set up to provide 
for  welfare  activities  for  the  under  privileged  and  the  needy  in 
the  society.  SCT  is  managed  by  trustees  elected  amongst  the 
employees of the Company. During the year, it has provided active 
support for the education of economically challenged meritorious 
students as part of the Nurture Merit Programme, conducted blood 
and  stem  donation  camps,  donated  clothes  and  other  essentials 
to Government schools. SCT has tied up with the Prerana Resource 
Centre  for  providing  Vocational  Training  to  visually  impaired  and 
disabled orphan teenage girls. As part of this program, 25 blind and 
disabled girls were provided vocational training and employment 
and 22 of them have been successfully attained jobs across various 
industries.  A  gist  of  activities  undertaken  by  the  Trust  has  been 
provided as a separate section in this Annual Report in “Annexure I ” 

25. IMPLEMENTATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY
The  Company  has  developed  and  adopted  a  Risk  Management 
Policy. This policy identifies all perceived risks which might impact 
the  operations  and  on  a  more  serious  level  also  threaten  the 
existence  of  the  Company.  Risks  are  assessed  department  wise 
such as financial risks, information technology related risks, legal 
risks,  accounting  fraud,  etc.  The  Management  also  ensures  that 
the  Company  is  taking  appropriate  measures  to  achieve  prudent 
balance  between  risk  and  reward  in  both  ongoing  and  new 
business activities.

26. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Detailed report on Human Resource management is given in the 
Management Discussion and Analysis section of the annual report.

Such  internal  financial  controls  were  found  to  be  adequate  for  a 
Company of this size. The controls are largely operating effectively 
since there has not been identification of any material weakness 
in the Company. The Directors have in the Directors Responsibility 
Statement under paragraph (e) confirmed the same to this effect. 
The  Company  has  policies  and  procedures  in  place  for  ensuring 
proper  and  efficient  conduct  of  its  business,  the  safeguarding 
of  its  assets,  the  prevention  and  detection  of  frauds  and  errors, 
the  accuracy  and  completeness  of  the  accounting  records  and 
timely  preparations,  reliable  financial  information.  The  Company 
has  adopted  accounting  policies  which  are  in  line  with  Indian 
Accounting Standards(“Ind AS”).

Pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  Section  134(5)(f)  of  the  Act, 
the  Company  during  the  year  devised  proper  systems  to  ensure 
compliance  with  the  provisions  of  all  applicable  laws.  Each 
department  of  the  organization  ensured  that  it  had  complied 
with  the  applicable  laws  and  furnished  its  report  to  the  Head 
of  department  who  then  along  with  the  Chief  Financial  Officer 
discussed  on  the  compliance  status  of  the  department.  Any 
matter  that  required  attention  was  immediately  dealt  with.  The 
Chief  Financial  Officer  reported  to  the  Audit  Committee  and 
the  Board  on  the  overall  compliance  status  of  the  Company.  In 
effect, such compliance system was largely found to be adequate 
and  operating  effectively.  The  Directors  have  in  the  Directors 
Responsibility  Statement  under  paragraph  (f)  also  confirmed  the 
same to this effect.

The  Internal  Auditors  monitor  and  evaluate  the  efficacy  and 
adequacy of internal control system in the Company, its compliance 
with operating systems, accounting procedures and policies at all 
locations of the Company and its subsidiaries. Based on the report 
of  Internal  Auditors,  process  owners  undertake  corrective  action 
in  their  respective  areas  and  thereby  strengthen  the  controls. 
Significant audit observations and corrective actions thereon are 
presented to the Audit Committee of the Board.

Subex  is  certified  for  ISO  9001:2008  (Quality  Management 
System) and ISO 27001:2013 (Information Security Management 
System).  Internal  audits  are  conducted  periodically  for  projects 
and support functions to adhere to these international standards. 
These audits are conducted across Bengaluru, UK and US locations 
to  ensure  processes  are  followed  to  provide  a  better  customer 
experience. Summary of the audits are shared across organization 
to  help  understand  strengths  and  weaknesses  in  the  system. 
People involvement in organization process initiatives is one that 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 31

approaches  towards  achieving  better  compliance,  standardizing 
activities to consistently achieve better customer satisfaction.

Company at large. Further, none of the Directors had any pecuniary 
relationships of transactions vis-à-vis the Company.

This  year,  the  emphasis  was  more  towards  information  security 
including the privacy aspects of customer data where applicable. 
Focused  effort  on  data  privacy,  align  with  customer’s  strategy 
towards  compliance  to  Global  Data  Privacy  Regulations  (GDPR). 
Information  security  practices  is  the  base  to  implement  privacy, 
organization  and  technological  measures  in  terms  of  physical 
and logical access controls are built in to the system. Awareness 
to  employees  on  the  work  environment  and  best  practices  are 
imparted through trainings periodically.

28. VIGIL MECHANISM/ WHISTLE BLOWER POLICY
The  Company  has  implemented  a  vigil  mechanism  policy  to  deal 
with instance of fraud and mismanagement, if any. The policy also 
provides for adequate safeguards against victimization of persons 
who use such mechanism and makes provision for direct access to 
the chairperson of the Audit Committee in all cases. The details of 
the  policy  are  posted  on  the  website  of  the  Company  under  the 
link https://www.subex.com/shareholder-services/. There were 
no complaints during the year 2017-18.

29. POLICY ON SEXUAL HARRASSMENT OF WOMEN AT 
WORK PLACE
The  Company  has  zero  tolerance  towards  sexual  harassment  at 
the workplace and towards this end, has adopted a policy in line 
with the provisions of Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace 
(Prevention,  Prohibition  and  Redressal)  Act,  2013  and  the  Rules 
thereunder.  All  employees  (permanent,  contractual,  temporary, 
trainees) are covered under the said policy. An Internal Complaints 
Committee has also been set up to redress complaints received on 
sexual harassment.

During the financial year under review, the Company has received 
one complaint of sexual harassment from a women employee of 
the Company. The matter was considered and resolved within the 
timelines stipulated under the said Act.

30. DECLARATION FROM INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS
All Independent Directors have given declarations under Section 
149 (7) to the effect that they meet the criteria of independence 
as laid down under Section 149(6) of the Companies Act, 2013.

31. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
All  related  party  transactions  that  were  entered  into  during  the 
financial  year  were  on  an  arm’s  length  basis  and  were  in  the 
ordinary course of business. There were no materially significant 
related party transactions made by the Company with its Promoters, 
Directors, Key Managerial Personnel or other designated persons 
which  may  have  a  potential  conflict  with  the  interest  of  the 

32 | SUBEX LIMITED

All  related  party  transactions  are  placed  before  the  Audit 
Committee and the Board for approval. Prior omnibus approval of 
the  Audit  Committee  is  obtained  for  transactions  which  are  of  a 
foreseen  and  repetitive  nature.  A  statement  giving  details  of  all 
related  party  transactions  entered  into  pursuant  to  the  omnibus 
approval  so  granted  are  placed  before  the  Audit  Committee  and 
the Board of Directors for their review on a quarterly basis.

The  Company  has  entered  into  sub-contracting  arrangements 
with  its  subsidiaries,  based  on  transfer  pricing  methodology,  for 
development and enhancement of its products as well as marketing 
of its products by the subsidiaries across locations. The Company 
has also entered into marketing arrangements with its subsidiaries 
wherein there is a cross charge done by the subsidiaries towards 
its efforts for the same.

The Policy on Related party transactions as approved by the Board 
is  uploaded  on  the  Company’s  website  under  the  link  https://
www.subex.com/shareholder-services/

Particulars  of  Contracts  or  Arrangements  with  Related  parties 
referred  to  in  Section  188(1)  in  Form  AOC-2  is  enclosed  to  this 
report in “Annexure G”.

32. SIGNIFICANT AND MATERIAL ORDERS PASSED BY THE 
REGULATORS OR COURTS
There  are  no  significant  material  orders  passed  the  Regulators/
Courts  which  would  impact  the  going  concern  status  of  the 
Company and its future operations.

33. EXTRACT OF ANNUAL RETURN
The details forming part of the extract of the Annual Return in form 
MGT 9 is annexed herewith in “Annexure E”.

34. LISTING WITH STOCK EXCHANGES
The Company has paid the Annual Listing Fees for the year 2017-
18 to the National Stock Exchange of India Ltd (‘NSE’) and BSE Ltd 
(‘BSE’) where the Company’s shares are listed.

35. DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT
In  accordance  with  the  provision  of  Section  134(3)(c)  of  the 
Companies Act, 2013, the Board of Directors affirm:

a) 

In the preparation of the annual accounts for the financial year 
ended March 31, 2018, the applicable accounting standards 
have been followed and there are no  material departures;

b)  That the accounting policies have been selected and applied 
consistently  and  it  has  made  judgments  and  estimates  that 

are reasonable and prudent so as to give a true and fair view 
of the state of affairs of the Company as at March 31, 2018 and 
of the profit of the Company for the year ended on that date;

c) 

That  proper  and  sufficient  care  has  been  taken  for  the 
maintenance  of  adequate  accounting  records  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013  for 
safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  Company  and  for  preventing 
and detecting fraud and other irregularities.;

d)  That  the  accounts  for  the  year  ended  March  31,  2018  have 

been prepared on a going concern basis;

e)  That  internal  financial  controls  have  been  laid  down  to  be 
followed by the Company and such internal financial controls 
were adequate and were operating effectively.

f) 

That  systems  to  ensure  compliance  with  the  provisions  of 
all  applicable  laws  were  in  place  and  such  systems  were 
adequate and operating effectively.

36. APPRECIATION/ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Your  Directors  thank  the  clients,  vendors,  investors  and  bankers 
for  their  continued  support  during  the  year.  We  place  on  record 
our  appreciation  for  the  co-operation  and  assistance  provided 

by  the  Central  and  State  Government  authorities  particularly 
SEZ  authorities,  Customs  authorities,  Registrar  of  Companies, 
Karnataka, the Income Tax department, Reserve Bank of India and 
various authorities under the Government of Karnataka.

Your Directors also wish to place on record their deep appreciation 
to  Subexians  at  all  levels  for  their  hard  work,  solidarity,  co-
operation and support, as they are instrumental in your Company 
scaling new heights, year after year.

For Subex Limited

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN 06563872  

Anil Singhvi
Chairman & Independent Director
DIN 00239589

Place: Bengaluru, India 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 33

Annexure A 

Additional  Information  as  at  March  31,  2018  as  per  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (Share  Based  Employee  Benefits) 
Regulations, 2014

Sl.No Particulars
1.

Net options granted as on March 31, 2018

2.

3.
4.

5.
6.

7.

8.
9.
10.

Options granted during the year

Pricing formula

Options vested but not exercised as on March 31, 2018 
Options exercised as on March 31, 2018
Options exercised during the year
Exercise Price
Money realized by exercise of options during the year
The total number of shares arising as a result of exercise of options during the year ended March 
31, 2018
Options lapsed/cancelled/ surrendered as on March 31, 2018
Options lapsed/cancelled/ surrendered during the year
Variation of terms of options
No. of employees covered 
Employee wise details of options granted during the year under review to:  

(i)   Key managerial personnel
(i)  other employee receiving a grant in the year of option amounting to 5% or more of options 

granted during that year
identified employees who were granted option, during the year, equal to or exceeding 1% of 

(i) 

the issued capital (excluding outstanding warrants and conversions) of the Company at the 

time of grant;

ESOP 2005
36,494

-

ESOP 2008
-

-

As mentioned 

As mentioned 

earlier in the report
24,055
12,439
-
-
-
-

earlier in the report
-
-
-
-
-
-

58,02,424
68,313
None
87
-

-

-

23,33,537
28,301
None
-
-

-

-

0.01

-

11.

Diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS) pursuant to issue of shares on exercise of option calculated in 

0.01

accordance with Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 33 ‘Earnings per share’
Where the Company has calculated the employee compensation cost using the intrinsic value of 

12.

-

the stock options, the difference between the employee compensation cost so computed and the 

employee compensation cost that shall have been recognized if it had used the fair value of the 

options. 

The impact of this difference on profits and on EPS of the Company is:
Weighted-average  exercise  prices  and  weighted-average  fair  values  of  options  separately  for 

options whose exercise price either equals or exceeds or is less than the market price of the stock. 

(As per note 36 of the Standalone financials)
Description of the method used during the year to estimate the fair values of options, including the 

13.

14.

H18.24

H28.44

N. A.

N. A.

risk-free interest rate

following weighted-average information :
i.  
ii.   expected life
iii.   expected volatility
iv.   expected dividends 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN 06563872  

Place: Bengaluru, India 
Date: May 04, 2018 

34 | SUBEX LIMITED

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

For Subex Limited

Anil Singhvi
Chairman & Independent Director
DIN 00239589

Annexure B 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE

To,
Members of Subex Limited

We have examined the compliance of conditions of Corporate Governance by Subex Limited (“the Company”), for the purpose of certifying 
of  the  Corporate  Governance  under  Regulation  17  to  27  of  the  SEBI  (Listing  Obligations  and  Disclosure  Requirements)  Regulations, 
2015 from the period April 01, 2017 to March 31, 2018. We have obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our 
knowledge and belief were necessary for the purposes of certification.

The compliance of conditions of Corporate Governance is the responsibility of the management. Our examination was limited to procedures 
and implementation thereof, adopted by the Company for ensuring the compliance with the conditions of Corporate Governance. It is 
neither an audit nor an expression of opinion on the financial statements of the Company.

In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, we certify that the Company has complied 
with  the  conditions  of  Corporate  Governance  as  stipulated  in  Regulations  17  to  27  of  the  SEBI  (Listing  Obligations  and  Disclosure 
Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

We further state that such compliance is neither an assurance as to the future viability of the Company nor of the efficiency or effectiveness 
with which the management has conducted the affairs of the Company.

Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

For BMP & Co. LLP, Company Secretaries

Pramod S M
Partner
FCS 7834 / CP No. 13784

Annual Report 2017-18 | 35

 
 
Annexure C 

Form No. MR-3 

SECRETARIAL AUDIT REPORT
FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED: MARCH 31, 2018

[Pursuant to Sub Section (1) of Section 204 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Rule 9 of the Companies 
(Appointment and Remuneration of Managerial Personnel) Rules, 2014]

To, 
The Members, 
SUBEX LIMITED 

v)  The  following  Regulations  and  Guidelines  prescribed  under 
the  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  Act,  1992  (‘SEBI 
Act’):-

We  have  conducted  the  secretarial  audit  of  the  compliance 
of  applicable  statutory  provisions  and  the  adherence  to  good 
corporate  practices  by  Subex  Limited  (hereinafter  called  the 
Company).  Secretarial  Audit  was  conducted  in  a  manner  that 
provided  us  a  reasonable  basis  for  evaluating  the  corporate 
conducts/statutory  compliances  and  expressing  my  opinion 
thereon.

Based on our verification of the Company’s Books, Papers, Minute 
Books, Forms and Returns filed and other Records maintained by 
the Company and also the information provided by the Company, 
its  officers,  agents  and  authorized  representatives  during  the 
conduct of secretarial audit, we hereby report that in our opinion, 
the  Company  has,  during  the  financial  year  ended  on  March  31, 
2018  (the  audit  period)  complied  with  the  statutory  provisions 
listed  hereunder  and  also  that  the  Company  has  proper  Board-
processes  and  compliance-mechanism  in  place  to  the  extent,  in 
the manner and subject to the reporting made hereinafter:

We  have  examined  the  books,  papers,  minute  books,  forms  and 
returns filed and other records maintained by the Company during 
the audit period according to the provisions of:

i) 

ii) 

The  Companies  Act,  2013  (the  Act)  and  the  rules  made 
thereunder;

The Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (‘SCRA’) and 
the rules made thereunder;

iii)  The Depositories Act, 1996 and the Regulations and Bye-laws 

framed thereunder;

iv)  Foreign  Exchange  Management  Act,  1999  and  the  rules 
and  regulations  made  thereunder  to  the  extent  of  Foreign 
Direct  Investment,  Overseas  Direct  Investment  and  External 
Commercial Borrowings;

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

e. 

f. 

g. 

h. 

i. 

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Substantial 
Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 2011;

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Prohibition 
of Insider Trading) Regulations, 2015;

The  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (Issue  of 
Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2009;

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share Based 
Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014.

The  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (Issue 
and  Listing  of  Debt  Securities)  Regulations,  2008;(Not 
Applicable to the Company during the Audit Period);

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Registrars to 
an  Issue  and  Share  Transfer  Agents)  Regulations,  1993 
regarding the Companies Act and dealing with client;

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Delisting of 
Equity Shares) Regulations, 2009; and (Not Applicable to 
the Company during the Audit Period);

The  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (Buyback 
of  Securities)  Regulations,  1998  (Not  Applicable  to  the 
Company during the Audit Period);

Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of 
India  (Listing 
Obligations  and  Disclosure  Requirements)  Regulations, 
2015

vi)  Other Laws Applicable Specifically to the Company namely:

(a)  Information  Technology  Act,  2000  and  the  rules  made 

thereunder

(b)  Special  Economic  Zones  Act,  2005  and  the  rules  made 

thereunder

36 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)  Copy Right Act, 1957

(d)  The Patents Act, 1970

(e)  The Trade Marks Act, 1999

We  have  also  examined  the  compliance  with  the  applicable 
clauses of the following:

a. 

Secretarial Standards issued by the Institute of Company 
Secretaries of India on Meetings of the Board of Directors 
and General Meeting.

b. 

Listing  Agreements  entered  into  by  the  Company  with 
BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited.

During the period under review the Company has complied with the 
provisions  of  the  Act,  Rules,  Regulations,  Guidelines,  Standards, 
etc.  except  that  provisions  of  section  203  of  the  Companies 
Act, 2013 has not been complied (the Company has a Company 
secretary who has been appointed as an acting CS but not as a Key 
Managerial Personnel).

We  have  not  examined  compliance  with  applicable  Financial 
Laws, like Direct and Indirect Tax Laws, since the same have been 
subject to review by statutory financial audit and other designated 
professionals.

WE FURTHER REPORT THAT:
The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  is  duly  constituted  with 
proper  balance  of  Executive  Directors,  Non-Executive  Directors 
and Independent Directors. The changes in the composition of the 
Board of Directors that took place during the period under review 
were carried out in compliance with the provisions of the Act.

Adequate  notice  is  given  to  all  directors  to  schedule  the  Board 
Meetings, agenda and detailed notes on agenda were sent at least 
seven days in advance except with respect to those agenda items 
which  the  Company  deemed  to  be  unpublished  price  sensitive 
information (UPSI), and a system exists for seeking and obtaining 
further information and clarifications on the agenda items before 
the meeting and for meaningful participation at the meeting.

As per the minutes of the meetings duly recorded and signed by 
the Chairman, the decisions of the Board were unanimous and no 
dissenting views have been recorded.

We  further  report  that  based  on  the  review  of  the  compliance 
mechanism  adopted  by  the  Company  of  providing  adequate 
presentations  by  the  concerned  departments’  heads  at  the 
Board  Meetings,  regarding  compliance  with  the  applicable  laws 
and its adherence, there are adequate systems and processes in 
the  Company  commensurate  with  the  size  and  operations  of  the 
Company to monitor and ensure compliance with applicable laws, 
rules, regulations and guidelines.

We  further  report  that  during  the  audit  period,  there  was  no 
event  /  action  having  a  major  bearing  on  the  Company’s  affairs 
in  pursuance  of  the  above  referred  laws,  rules,  regulations, 
guidelines etc., 

For V SREEDHARAN & ASSOCIATES

Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 03, 2018  

(Pradeep B. Kulkarni)
Partner
FCS 7260 / CP No. 7835

Annual Report 2017-18 | 37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annexure D

PARTICULARS OF EMPLOYEES

Particulars

Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan

Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy

Mr. Ganesh K. V.

Designation of the employee

1.  Whole-Time Director & Chief 

1.  Whole-Time Director, Chief 

Operating Officer (May 25, 
2017-October 31, 2017)

2.  Non-Executive, Non-

Independent Director 
(November 01, 2017-March 
31, 2018)

3.  Managing Director & CEO with 
effect from April 01, 2018

Remuneration received

Nature of employment, whether 
contractual or otherwise

1.  H53,69,029
2.  Nil

1.  Permanent
2.  Otherwise
3.  Permanent

Technology Officer and Head 
of Service Delivery (May 25, 
2017-October 31, 2017)

2.  Non-Executive, Non-

Independent Director 
(November 01, 2017 onwards) 
- Resigned from the Board 
with effect from May 04, 
2018.
1.  H45,48,746
2.  Nil

1.  Permanent
2.  Otherwise

Qualifications and experience of the 
employee

B.Tech 
28 Yrs

M.Sc (Computer Science)
23 Yrs

Date of commencement of 
employment

Oct 15, 1997

Jan 15, 2007

The age of such employee

48 Yrs.

The last employment held by 
such employee before joining the 
Company

The percentage of equity shares 
held by the employee in the 
Company within the meaning of 
clause (iii) of sub-rule (2) above

Crompton Greaves

0.01%

Whether  any  such  employee  is  a 
relative  of  any  Director  or  manager 
of  the  Company  and  if  so,  name  of 
such Director or manager

NA

46 Yrs.

Siemens

NA

NA

CFO, Global Head-
Legal & Company 
Secretary (last 
working day- July 31, 
2017).

H37,38,983

Permanent

CA, CS, Senior Mgt 
Program from IIM-C 
33Yrs

Nov 27, 2012

56 Yrs.

Logix Microsystems 
Ltd

NA

NA

38 | SUBEX LIMITED

Annexure E

Form No. MGT-9
EXTRACT OF ANNUAL RETURN
AS ON THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2018

[Pursuant to Section 92(3) of the Companies Act, 2013 and rule 12(1) of the Companies 
(Management and Administration) Rules, 2014]

1.  REGISTRATION AND OTHER DETAILS:

i)

CIN

ii)  Registration Date

iii) Name of the Company

L85110KA1994PLC016663

6th December, 1994

Subex Limited

iv)

v)

Category / Sub Category of the Company 

Company having Share Capital

Address of the Registered office and contact details

RMZ Ecoworld, Outer Ring Road, Devarabisanahalli, Bengaluru-560103

vi) Whether listed Company (Yes / No)

 Yes, on the National Stock Exchange of India Ltd and BSE Ltd

vii) Name,  Address  and  Contact  details  of  Registrar  and 

Transfer Agent, if any

Canbank Computer Services Limited
J P Royale,1st Floor, No.218
2nd Main, Sampige Road
(Near 14th Cross), Malleswaram, Bengaluru – 560 003
Contact No. 080-23469661/662/664/665

II. PRINCIPAL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES OF THE COMPANY:   
(All the business activities contributing 10 % or more of the total turnover of the Company are stated)

Name and Description of main products /services

NIC Code of the Product/service % to total turnover of the Company

Sl. 
No.

1.

Implementation and customization

2. Managed services

3.

Support services

 -

-

-

32

34

34

III. PARTICULARS OF HOLDING, SUBSIDIARY AND ASSOCIATE COMPANIES 

Sl. 

No.
1.
2. 
3.
4. 
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Name and Address of the Company

CIN/GLN

Holding/Subsidiary 

% of shares/

Applicable 

Subex Technologies Limited, India
Subex Assurance LLP, India
Subex Digital LLP, India
Subex Americas Inc., Canada
Subex (UK) Limited, England
Subex Inc., USA
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited, Singapore
Subex Azure Holdings Inc., USA
Subex Middle East (FZE), UAE

U74140KA2005PLC035905
AAJ-0729
AAJ-0728
Foreign Company
Foreign Company
Foreign Company
Foreign Company
Foreign Company
Foreign Company

/Associate
Subsidiary 
Subsidiary 
Subsidiary
Subsidiary
Subsidiary
Subsidiary
Subsidiary
Subsidiary
Subsidiary

capital held*
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

Section
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)
2 (87)

*Including % of holding, either directly or indirectly through subsidiaries.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 39

IV. SHARE HOLDING PATTERN (Equity Share Capital Breakup as percentage of Total Equity)

(i) Category–wise Share Holding* 

Category of Shareholders

No. of Shares held at the beginning of the year

No. of Shares held at the end of the year

Demat

Physical

Total

% of Total 
Shares

Demat

Physical

Total

% of 
Total 
Shares

% 
Change 
during 
the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,52,844

0.09

4,52,844

-

-

-

-

-

-

5,21,200

0.10

5,21,200

-

-

-

-

-

-

9,74,044

0.19

9,74,044

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9,74,044

0.19

9,74,044

-

21,64,479

-

0.43

-

28,48,537

-

-

-

78,764

28,06,956

-

-

-

-

-

0.02

0.55

-

-

-

-

-

78,764

-

-

5,50,94,999

50,50,199

1.00

5,80,22,300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,52,844

0.08

(0.01)

-

-

-

-

-

-

5,21,200

0.09

(0.01)

-

-

-

-

-

-

9,74,044

0.17

(0.02)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9,74,044

0.17

(0.02)

-

-

28,48,537

0.51

-

-

-

-

-

-

78,764

0.01

-

-

-

-

-

0.08

-

-

-

(0.01)

(0.55)

-

5,50,94,999

9.80

5,80,22,300

10.32

(9.80)

(9.32)

10,62,60,582

400

10,62,60,982

20.96

11,83,97,679

400 11,83,98,079

21.07

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.11

-

11,36,82,693

49,811

11,37,32,504

22.43

12,81,49,774

44,251 12,81,94,025

22.81

0.38

18,38,05,398

0

18,38,05,398

36.26

21,11,59,948

- 21,11,59,948

37.57

1.31

A.  Promoters

(1)   Indian

a) Individual/ HUF

4,52,844

b) Central Govt.

c) State Govt(s)

d) Bodies Corp.

e) Banks / FI

f) Any Other

Sub-total (A)(1)

(2) Foreign

(a) NRIs – Individuals

(a) Other – Individuals

(a) Bodies Corp.

(a) Banks/FI

(a) Any other.

Sub-total(A)(2)

-

-

5,21,200

-

-

9,74,044

       -

-

-

-

-

-

Total shareholding of 
Promoter (A) = (A)(1)+(A)(2)

9,74,044

-

21,64,479

-

-

-

78,764

28,06,956

-

-

50,50,199

B. Public Shareholding

1.  

Institutions

a) Mutual Funds

b) Banks / FI

c) Central Govt.

d) State Govt(s)

e) Venture Capital Funds

f) Insurance Companies

g) FIIs

h) Foreign Venture Capital 

Funds

i) Others (specify)  

Foreign Portfolio Investors

Sub-total (B)(1)

2. Non-Institutions

a)   Bodies Corp.

i) Indian

ii) Overseas

b)  

Individuals

i) 

ii) 

Individual 
shareholders 
holding nominal 
share capital up 
to H1 lakh
Individual 
shareholders 
holding nominal 
share capital 
in excess of H1 
lakh

40 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Category of Shareholders

No. of Shares held at the beginning of the year

No. of Shares held at the end of the year

Demat

Physical

Total

% of Total 
Shares

Demat

Physical

Total

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3,88,600

60,000

81,194

-

-

-

0.08

0.01

0.02

-

-

-

3,88,600

79,095

81,194

-

-

84,97,887

1.68

1,02,22,484

-

-

17,79,005

-

-

-

0.35

-

-

-

37,95,674

-

2,01,36,829

3.97

2,76,48,411

-

-

-

6,52,80,387

12.88

22,35,775

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

% 
Change 
during 
the year

-

(0.01)

-

(0.01)

-

-

% of 
Total 
Shares

-

0.07

0.01

0.01

-

-

-

3,88,600

79,095

81,194

-

-

1,02,22,484

1.82

0.14

-

-

-

-

37,95,674

0.68

-

-

2,76,48,411

4.92

-

-

-

-

0.33

-

0.95

-

22,35,775

0.40

(12.48)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

c) Others (specify)

Trusts

Director & their relatives

Foreign Nationals

Escrow Account

Market Maker

-

3,88,600

60,000

81,194

-

-

Non Resident Indians

84,97,887

O C Bs

Societies

Clearing Members

shares in transit

-

-

17,79,005

-

Hindu Undivided Families

2,01,36,829

NRIs/OCBs

-

Foreign Corporate Bodies

6,52,80,387

-

-

-

Partnership Firms

Custodian of Enemy Property

Foreign Collaborators

ESOPs/ESOS/ESPS Employee 
shareholders

Total Public Shareholding 
(B)=(B)(1)+ (B)(2)

C. Shares held by  Custodian 
for GDRs & ADRs  

6,16,030

1,670

6,17,700

0.12

5,58,729

1,670

5,60,399

0.10

(0.02)

Sub-Total(B)(2)

50,05,88,605

51,881 50,06,40,486

98.76

50,27,39,063

46,321 50,27,63,384

50,56,38,804

51,881 50,56,90,685

99.95

56,17,13,407

46,321 56,17,59,728

89.64

99.96

(9.12)

0.01

2,43,207

-

2,43,207

0.05

2,43,207

-

2,43,207

0.04

(0.01)

Grand Total (A+B+C)

50,68,56,055

51,881 50,69,07,936

100

56,19,56,614

46,321 56,20,02,935

100

* As per the records of the RTA.

II. Shareholding of Promoters

Shareholder’s Name

Shareholding at the beginning of the year

Shareholding at the end of the year

Sl. 

No.

No. of 
Shares

% of total 
Shares of the 

% of Shares 
Pledged / 

No. of 
Shares

% of total 
Shares 

% of Shares 
Pledged/ 

Company

encumbered to 

total shares

of the 

encumbered to 

Company

total shares

% change 

in share 

holding 
during the 

year*

1.

Kivar Holdings Private 

5,21,200

Limited

Subash Menon

Sudeesh Yezhuvath

2.

3.

80,601

3,72,243

0.10

0.02

0.07

0.10

5,21,200

0.02

0.07

80,601

3,72,243

0.09

0.01

0.07

0.01

(0.01)

0.01

0

(0.01)

0

* There was no change in the number of shares held by Promoters during the year. The percentage change in shareholding is due to 
increase in the paid-up share capital. 

The reduction in the percentage of shares pledged/encumbered is due to the release of pledge on shares by Axis Trustee Services Ltd, 
on the redemption of FCCB III.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 41

 
III. Change in Promoters’ Shareholding

Sl. No Shareholders name

Shareholding at the beginning of the year

Cumulative Shareholding during the Year

No. of shares

% of total shares of the 
Company

No. of shares

% of total shares of the 
Company

At the beginning of the year

1.

2.

3.

Kivar Holdings Private Limited

5,21,200

Subash Menon

Sudeesh Yezhuvath

80,601

3,72,243

0.10

0.02

0.07

5,21,200

80,601

3,72,243

0.09

0.01

0.07

There is no change in shareholding as at the end of the year 

iv.  Shareholding Pattern of top ten Shareholders (other than Directors, Promoters and holders of GDRs and ADRs) 

Sl No. For Each of the Top 10 Shareholders

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

QVT Singapore Fund Pte. Ltd.

Uno Metals Ltd

AKG Finvest Ltd

Tonbridge (Mauritius) Limited

Leeds (Mauritius) Limited

Angel Fincap Private Limited

IL and FS Securities Services Limited

Dilipkumar Lakhi

Chirag Dilipkumar Lakhi

10.

Societe Generale

Shareholding at the beginning of 
the year

Shareholding at the end of the year

No. of shares

% of total shares 
of the Company

No. of shares

% of total shares 
of the Company

NIL

1,72,52,000

2,00,70,000

NIL

NIL

72,27,806

3,18,431

28,36,857

20,96,431

NIL

-

3.40

3.96

-

-

1.43

0.06

0.56

0.41

-

2,75,31,428

2,56,02,000

1,97,10,000

1,79,16,321

96,47,250

75,20,818

42,17,932

40,96,322

20,96,431

20,87,122

4.90

4.56

3.51

3.19

1.72

1.34

0.75

0.73

0.37

0.37

v.  Shareholding of Directors and Key Managerial Personnel

Sl No.

For Each of the Directors and KMP

Shareholding at the  
beginning of the year

Cumulative Shareholding  
during the year

No. of shares

% of total shares 
of the Company

No. of shares

% of total shares 
of the Company

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

At the beginning of the year

Surjeet  Singh  (term  concluded  on  March  31, 
2018)

Anil Singhvi

Nisha Dutt 

Poornima Prabhu

Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  (appointed  as 
Director on May 25, 2017)

Ashwin  Chalapathy  (appointed  as  Director  on 
May 25, 2017 & resigned w.e.f May 04, 2018)

Mehernaz  Dalal  (appointed  as  CFO  w.e.f.  June 
15, 2017)

Ganesh KV (resigned as CFO and CS w.e.f. June 
15, 2017

NIL

60,000

NIL

NIL

19,095

NIL

NIL

NIL

42 | SUBEX LIMITED

N.A.

0.01

N.A.

N.A.

0.01

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

NIL

60,000

NIL

NIL

19,095

NIL

NIL

NIL

N.A.

0.01

N.A.

N.A.

0.01

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

V. INDEBTEDNESS 
Indebtedness of the Company including interest outstanding/accrued but not due for payment

Particulars

Secured Loans 
excluding deposits

Unsecured Loans

Deposits  

(H In lakhs)
Total Indebtedness

Indebtedness at the beginning of the financial year
i) 
ii) 
iii) 

Principal Amount
Interest due but not paid
Interest accrued but not due
Total (i + ii + iii)

Change in Indebtedness during the financial year
i) 
ii) 
iii) 

Principal Amount
Interest due but not paid
Interest accrued but not due
Net Change

Indebtedness at the end of the financial year
i) 
ii) 
iii) 

Principal Amount
Interest due but not paid
Interest accrued but not due
Total (i+ii+iii)

10,059
-
501
10,560

(10,059)
-
(501)
(10,560)

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

10,059
-
501
10,560

(10,059)
-
(501)
(10,560)

-
-
-
-

The Company repaid the outstanding US$ 3,600,000 under FCCB III on its maturity date, July 07, 2017.

The State Bank of India (SBI), Overseas Branch, Bengaluru, vide its letter dated October 25, 2017 has  confirmed that the Company has 
repaid its Working Capital Loan of  H42.05 Crores and has no outstanding dues.
Pursuant to the restructuring, the Working Capital Limits of the Company to the tune of  H54.83 Crores, held with Axis Bank Ltd, CBB Branch, 
Bengaluru, has been transferred to its subsidiary, Subex Assurance LLP. Hence the Company has no outstanding Working Capital loan as on 
March 31, 2018. 

VI. OTHER REMUNERATION OF DIRECTORS AND MANAGERIAL PERSONNEL*

A. Remuneration to Managing Director, Whole–time Directors and/or Manager:

A1.

Sl. 
No

Particulars of Remuneration

1.

Gross salary 

Surjeet Singh  
Managing Director & CEO**

(H In lakhs)

Total Amount

(a)  Salary as per provisions contained in Section 17(1) of the Income-tax Act, 

38

38

1961 

(b)  Value of perquisites u/s 17(2) Income-tax Act, 1961 

(c)   Profits in lieu of salary under Section 17(3) Income-tax Act, 1961 

2.

3.

4.

Stock Options 

Sweat Equity 

Commission 

- as % of profit 

- Others, specify

5. Others, please specify 

Total

Ceiling as per the Act

* All the values have been rounded off to the nearest Lakhs.
** Upto conclusion of term as on March 31,2018.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

38

60 Lakhs p.a as per Section 
II of Part II of Schedule V of 
the Act

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

38

60 Lakhs.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 43

A2.

S l . 
No

Particulars of Remuneration

1.

Gross salary 

(a)Salary as per provisions contained in Section 17(1) of the Income-tax Act, 
1961 

(b)Value of perquisites u/s 17(2) Income-tax Act, 1961 

(c) Profits in lieu of salary under Section 17(3) Income-tax Act, 1961 

2.

3.

4.

Stock Options 

Sweat Equity 

Commission 

- as % of profit 

- Others, specify

5.

Others, please specify  (Flexible Benefit Plan)

Total

Ceiling as per the Act

A3.

Sl. 
No

Particulars of Remuneration

1.

Gross salary 

(a)Salary as per provisions contained in Section 17(1) of the Income-tax Act, 
1961 

(b)Value of perquisites u/s 17(2) Income-tax Act, 1961 

(c) Profits in lieu of salary under Section 17(3) Income-tax Act, 1961 

2.

3.

4.

Stock Options 

Sweat Equity 

Commission 

- as % of profit 

- Others, specify

5. Others, please specify  (Flexible Benefit Plan)

Total

Ceiling as per the Act

 (H in Lakhs)

Total Amount

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan  
Whole Time Director  
(May 25, 2017-October 31, 
2017)

54

54

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

54
H120 Lakhs p.a as per Section 
II of Part II of Schedule V of 
the Act

54
H120 Lakhs.

 (H in Lakhs)

Total Amount

Ashwin Chalapathy
Whole Time Director  
(May 25, 2017-October 31, 
2017)

45

45

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

45

120 Lakhs p.a as per Section 
II of Part II of Schedule V of 
the Act

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

45

120 Lakhs.

44 | SUBEX LIMITED

B. Remuneration to other Directors:

 (H in Lakhs)

Particulars of Remuneration

Name of Directors

Total Amount

Sl. 
No.

1.

Independent Directors

Anil Singhvi

Nisha Dutt

Poornima Prabhu

Fee for attending Board/Committee meetings

Commission

Others, please specify

Total (1)

2.

Other Non-Executive Directors

Fee for attending Board/Committee meetings

Commission

Others, please specify

Total (2)

Total = (1+2)

Total Remuneration

Overall Ceiling as per the Act 

 28 

-

 -

  28 

 22

 -

 -

 22

Mr. Vinod Kumar 
Padmanabhan 
(Nov 01, 
2017-March 31, 
2018)

Ashwin 
Chalapathy  
(Nov 01, 2017 
-March 31, 
2018)

-

-

-

-

 28

  28

-

-

-

-

22

22

23

-

-

23

-

-

-

-

-

 23

 23

H1,00,000 per meeting for the Independent Directors

  73

 -

 -

  73

 N.A

-

 -

 -

 -

73

73

C. REMUNERATION TO KEY MANAGERIAL PERSONNEL OTHER THAN MD/MANAGER/WTD 

 (H in Lakhs)

Particulars of Remuneration

Sl. 
No

Key Managerial Personnel

Total Amount

Mehernaz Dalal
Chief Financial Officer 
with effect from June 
15, 2017

1.

Gross salary 

(a)  Salary  as  per  provisions  contained  in  Section  17(1)  of  the  Income-tax  Act, 

43

43

1961 

(b)  Value of perquisites u/s 17(2) Income-tax Act, 1961 

(c)   Profits in lieu of salary under Section 17(3) Income-tax Act, 1961 

2.

3.

4.

Stock Options 

Sweat Equity 

Commission 

- as % of profit 

- others, specify

5.

Others, please specify (Flexible Benefit Plan)

Total (1+2+3+4+5)

Ceiling as per the Act

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

44

Not Applicable

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

44

Annual Report 2017-18 | 45

 
  
 
 
 
VII. PENALTIES / PUNISHMENT/ COMPOUNDING OF OFFENCES: N.A

Type

A.  COMPANY

Penalty

Punishment

Compounding

B.   DIRECTORS

Penalty

Punishment

Compounding

C.   OTHER OFFICERS IN DEFAULT

Penalty

Punishment

Compounding

Section of the 
Companies Act

Brief Description Details of Penalty 
/ Punishment/ 
Compounding 
fees imposed

Authority [RD / 
NCLT/ COURT]

Appeal made, 
if any (give 
Details)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

46 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annexure F

POLICY ON DIRECTORS APPOINTMENT AND REMUNERATION 

A. CRITERIA FOR APPOINTMENT OF NON-EXECUTIVE 
DIRECTORS & INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS
a)  The  Non-Executive  Directors  shall  be  of  high  integrity  with 
relevant  expertise  and  experience  so  as  to  have  a  diverse 
Board with Directors having expertise in the fields of marketing, 
finance, taxation, law, governance and general management.

b)  In  case  of  appointment  of  Independent  Directors,  the  N&R 
Committee shall satisfy itself with regard to the independent 
nature of the Directors vis-à-vis the Company so as to enable 
the Board to discharge its function and duties effectively.

c)  The N&R Committee shall ensure that the candidate identified 
for appointment as a director is not disqualified for appointment 
under Section 164 of the Companies Act 2013.

d)  The  N&R  Committee  shall  consider  the  following  attributes/
criteria, whilst recommending to the Board the candidature for 
appointment as Non-Executive Director.

i)  Qualification,  experience  and  expertise  of  the  Non-

Executive Directors in their respective fields;

ii)  Personal, professional or business standing;

iii)  Diversity of the Board.

e) 

In  case  of  re-appointment  of  Non-Executive  Directors, 
the  Board  shall  take  into  consideration  the  performance 
evaluation of the Director and his engagement level.

Remuneration of Non-Executive Directors
The  Non-Executive  Directors  shall  be  entitled  to  receive 
remuneration by way of sitting fees, profit related commission as 
may be approved by the members and reimbursement of expenses 
for  participation  in  the  Board/Committee  meetings  as  detailed 
hereunder:

i.  A  Non-Executive  Director  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  sitting 
fees for each meeting of the Board or Committee of the Board 
attended by him, of such sum as may be approved by the Board 
of  Directors  within  the  overall  limits  prescribed  under  the 
Companies  Act,  2013  and  the  Companies  (Appointment  and 
Remuneration of Managerial Personnel) Rules 2014;

ii.  The Independent Directors of the Company shall not be entitled 
to participate in the Stock Option Scheme of the Company, if 
any, introduced by the Company. 

B. CRITERIA FOR APPOINTMENT OF EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS  
For the purpose of appointment of any Executive Director, the N&R 

Committee shall identify persons of integrity who possess relevant 

expertise,  experience  and  leadership  qualities  required  for  the 

position. The Committee shall also ensure that the incumbent fulfils 

such other criteria with regard to age and other qualifications as 

laid down under the Companies Act, 2013 or other applicable laws.

Remuneration for Executive Director

i. 

At the time of appointment or re-appointment, the Executive 

Director shall be paid such remuneration as may be mutually 

agreed  between  the  Company  (which  includes  the  N&R 

Committee  and  the  Board  of  Directors)  and  the  Executive 

Director  within  the  overall  limits  prescribed  under  the 

Companies Act, 2013.

ii. 

The  Remuneration  shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 

Members of the Company in General Meeting.

iii.  The  remuneration  of  the  Executive  Director  maybe  broadly 

divided  into  fixed  and  variable  components.  The  fixed 

component  comprises  salary,  allowances,  perquisites, 

amenities  and  retiral  benefits.  The  variable  component 

comprises performance bonus.

iv. 

In  determining  the  remuneration  (including  the  fixed 

increment and performance bonus) the N&R Committee shall 

ensure/consider the following:

a. 

The  relationship  of  remuneration  and  performance 

benchmarks is clear;

b.  Balance between fixed and incentive pay reflecting short 

and long term performance objectives, appropriate to the 

working of the Company and its goals;

c.  Responsibility required to be shouldered by the Executive 

Director, the industry benchmarks and the current trends;

d. 

The Company’s performance vis-à-vis the annual budget 

achievement  and  individual  performance  vis-à-vis  the 
KRAs / KPIs.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C. REMUNERATION POLICY FOR KEY MANAGERIAL 
PERSONNEL
In determining the remuneration of the Key Managerial Personnel, 
the N&R Committee shall ensure / consider the following:

i)  The relationship of remuneration and performance benchmark 

is clear;

D. REMUNERATION POLICY FOR OTHER EMPLOYEES

In  determining  the  remuneration  of  the  other  employees  of  the 
Company  the  Reporting  Manager  shall  ensure  /  consider  the 
following:

i)  The relationship of remuneration and performance benchmark 

is clear;

ii)  The balance between fixed and incentive pay reflecting short 
and  long  term  performance  objectives,  appropriate  to  the 
working of the Company and its goals;

ii)  The balance between fixed and incentive pay reflecting short 
and  long  term  performance  objectives,  appropriate  to  the 
working of the Company and its goals;

iii)  The  remuneration  maybe  divided 

into  two  components 
viz.  fixed  component  comprising  salaries,  perquisites  and 
retirement  benefits  and  a  variable  component  comprising 
performance bonus;

iii)  The  remuneration  maybe  divided 

into  two  components 
viz.  fixed  component  comprising  salaries,  perquisites  and 
retirement  benefits  and  a  variable  component  comprising 
performance bonus;

iv)  The remuneration including annual increment and performance 
bonus  is  decided  based  on  the  criticality  of  the  roles  and 
responsibilities,  the  Company’s  performance  vis-à-vis  the 
annual  budget  achievement,  individuals  performance  vis-à-
vis  KRAs/ KPIs, industry benchmark and current compensation 
trend in the market.

v)  The  Reporting  Manager  will  carry  out 

individual 
performance  review  based  on  the  standard  appraisal  matrix 
and shall take into account the appraisal score card and other 
factors  mentioned  herein  above,  whilst    recommending  the 
annual increment and performance incentive.

the 

iv)  The remuneration including annual increment and performance 
bonus  is  decided  based  on  the  criticality  of  the  roles  and 
responsibilities,  the  Company’s  performance  vis-à-vis  the 
annual  budget  achievement,  individuals  performance  vis-à-
vis KRAs/ KPIs, industry benchmark and current compensation 
trend in the market.

v)  The Managing Director will carry out the individual performance 
review  based  on  the  standard  appraisal  matrix  and  shall 
take  into  account  the  appraisal  score  card  and  other  factors 
mentioned  herein  above,  whilst  recommending  the  annual 
increment and performance incentive to N&R Committee for its 
review and approval.

48 | SUBEX LIMITED

Annexure G

FORM NO. AOC.2

 (Pursuant to clause (h) of sub-section (3) of Section 134 of the Act and Rule 8(2) of the 
Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014)

Form for disclosure of particulars of contracts/arrangements entered into by the Company with related parties referred to in sub-section 
(1) of Section 188 of the Companies Act, 2013 including certain arm’s length transactions under third proviso thereto

1. Details of contracts or arrangements or transactions not at arm's length basis

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Name(s) of the related party and nature of relationship

Nature of contracts/ arrangements/ transactions

Duration of the contracts/ arrangements/ transactions

Salient terms of the contracts or arrangements or 
transactions including the value, if any

Justification for entering into such contracts or arrangements 
or transactions

Date(s) of approval by the Board

Amount paid as advances, if any:

Date on which the special resolution was passed in general 
meeting as required under first proviso to section 188

NOT APPLICABLE

2.Details of material contracts or arrangement or transactions at arm’s length basis

(a) Name(s) of the related party and nature of relationship

(a) Subex Technologies Limited

(b) Subex (UK) Limited

(c) Subex Americas Inc.

(d) Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited

(e) Subex Inc.

(f) Subex Middle East (FZE)

(g) Subex Assurance LLP

(h) Subex Digital LLP

(b) Nature of contracts/ arrangements/ transactions

A. Sub-Contracting Transactions

(All the aforementioned entities are subsidiaries of Subex Limited)

Subex (UK) Limited

Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Ltd

Subex Americas Inc.

Subex Inc.

Subex Middle East (FZE)

B. Marketing & Allied Services Expense Transactions

Subex (UK) Limited

Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Ltd

Annual Report 2017-18 | 49

(b) Nature of contracts/ arrangements/ transactions (contd.)

Subex Americas Inc.

Subex Inc.

Subex Middle East (FZE)

C. Interest Income

Subex Americas Inc.

D. Reimbursement of expenses

Subex (UK) Limited

Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Ltd

Subex Assurance LLP

Subex Digital LLP

Subex Americas Inc.

Subex Inc.

Subex Technologies Ltd.

The transactions mentioned in 2(b) above are continuing 
contracts.

A. Sub-Contracting Transactions

The subsidiary transfers a portion of the revenue generated by 
them to the ultimate holding Company

B. Marketing & Allied Services Expense Transactions

The subsidiary transfers the cost incurred in earning the revenue 
to the ultimate holding Company

C. Interest Income

The ultimate holding Company charges interest on loan given to 
its subsidiaries

D. Reimbursement of expenses

Group entities incur cost on behalf of other entities for 
administrative convenience, which is then cross charged to 
respective entity on cost-to-cost basis.

May 25, 2017 (approval), January 29, 2018 and May 04, 2018 
(ratification)

(c)  Duration of the contracts/ arrangements/ transactions

(d)

Salient terms of the contracts or arrangements or 
transactions including the value, if any:

(e) Date(s) of approval by the Board, if any:

(f)

Amount paid as advances, if any:

NA

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN 06563872  

Place: Bengaluru, India 
Date: May 04, 2018 

50 | SUBEX LIMITED

For Subex Limited

Anil Singhvi
Chairman & Independent Director
DIN 00239589

Annexure H

DETAILS / DISCLOSURES OF RATIO OF REMUNERATION

Particulars

(i)   the ratio of the remuneration 
of each Director to the 
median remuneration of the 
employees of the Company 
for the financial year;

(ii)  the percentage increase 
in remuneration of each 
Director, Chief Financial 
Officer, Chief Executive 
Officer, Company Secretary 
or Manager, if any, in the 
financial year;

(iii)  the percentage increase in 

the median remuneration of 
employees in the financial 
year;

(iv)  the number of permanent 
employees on the rolls of 
Company;

(v)   average percentile increase 
already made in the salaries 
of employees other than 
the managerial personnel 
in the last financial year 
and its comparison with the 
percentile increase in the 
managerial remuneration 
and justification thereof and 
point out if there are any 
exceptional circumstances 
for increase in the 
managerial remuneration;

(vi)  Affirmation that the 

remuneration is as per the 
remuneration policy of the 
Company.

For the period from April 01, 2017-October 31, 
2017

For the period from November 01, 
2017-March 31, 2018 (Post restructuring)

1.  Surjeet Singh (MD & CEO) 3.29: 1.00

Surjeet Singh (MD & CEO) 6.29: 1.00

2.  Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan (WTD) 20.34:1.00

3.  Ashwin Chalapathy(WTD) 18.65: 1.00

MD & CEO: 28.47%
CFO: (41.82)%
WTD’s :N.A

MD & CEO:257.48%
CFO: (40.43)% 
WTD’s :N.A

The median remuneration increased by 11.16% 
during this period.

Incomparable due to Business 
restructuring, where majority of the 
employees were transferred to Subex 
Assurance LLP.

905

47

There was an increase of 10.71% in the average 
percentile of salaries of employees during this 
period. 

The details pertaining to average percentile 
increase/decrease in the salaries of 
employees is incomparable due to Business 
restructuring, where majority of the 
employees were transferred to Subex 
Assurance LLP.

There was an increase of 28.47% in the 
remuneration paid to the MD & CEO, which was 
approved by the Board at their meeting held on 
October 04, 2017.

There was an increase of 257.48% in the 
remuneration paid to the MD & CEO in this 
period, which was approved by the Board 
at their meeting held on October 04, 2017.

There was a decrease of 41.82% in the 
remuneration paid to the CFO during this period.

There was a decrease of 40.43% in the 
remuneration paid to the CFO during this 
period.

The remuneration of Directors, Senior Management and Employees is as per the Remuneration 
Policy of the Company

Annual Report 2017-18 | 51

Annexure I

ANNUAL REPORT ON CSR ACTIVITIES

Sustainable practices have always been an integral part of Subex 
Limited. Corporate Social Responsibility is a large part of our overall 
sustainability policy encompassing social action. Subex Charitable 
Trust is our primary social responsibility trust. The objective for the 
financial year 2017-18 was enabling education of eligible students 
from financially weaker sections of society and vocational training 
for women

CSR Committee
To  enable  the  Company  to  take  required  measures  to  make  a 
meaningful contribution to society and other stakeholders, it has 
constituted  the  Corporate  Social  Responsibility  Committee  (CSR 
Committee) comprising of the following Directors as on March 31, 
2018.

Composition

Category

Mr. Anil Singhvi (Chairman)

Independent Director

Mr. Nisha Dutt

Mr. Surjeet Singh

Independent Director

Managing Director & CEO

Mr. Surjeet Singh ceased to be the member with effect from March 
31,  2018,  due  to  the  conclusion  of  his  term  as  MD  &  CEO  on  the 
same  date.  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  was  appointed  as 
member of the Committee with effect from April 01, 2018.

OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE
The objective of the Corporate Social Responsibility (“CSR”) policy 
of the Company is to lay down guidelines to enable the Company 
to take the required measures to make a meaningful contribution 
to the society and other stakeholders.

Centre  for  providing  Vocational  Training  to  visually  impaired  and 
disabled orphan teenage girls. 

FOCUS AREA 

•  Eradicating extreme hunger and poverty;

•  Promotion of education;

•  Promoting gender equality and empowering women;

•  Employment enhancing vocational skills;

ACTIVITIES COVERED DURING THE YEAR  

•  Education aid: Sponsored 40 economically-challenged students 
from  rural  areas  with  scholarships  through  the  Nurture  Merit 
program. 

•  Education aid: Sponsored tuition fees for the Vidyaranya Trust 

Orphanage.

•  Vocation  Training  for  Women  empowerment:  SCT  has  tied  up 
with  the  Prerana  Resource  Centre  for  providing  Vocational 
Training to visually impaired and disabled orphan teenage girls 
and has Sponsored their tuition fees. As part of this program, 
25 blind and disabled girls are provided Trainings in 3 phases – 
Basic Education, Vocational Training & Employment follow-up. 
Out of the 25, 22 Blind/Disabled Girls have been successful in 
attaining jobs in different factories – Textile Industry, Packaging 
Industry, Printing and others.

•  Received  Nurture  Merit  contribution  from  33  Subexians  and 
more  than  20  Subexians  are  contributing  a  monthly  amount 
from their salary for SCT activities.

For  more 
responsibility/.

details 

visit 

https://www.subex.com/social-

•  Other activities:

SUBEX CHARITABLE TRUST
Subex  Charitable  Trust  (SCT)  extends  the  outlook  of  Subex  as  a 
corporate entity into community service. SCT was set up to provide 
for  welfare  activities  for  the  under  privileged  and  the  needy  in 
the  society.  SCT  is  managed  by  trustees  elected  amongst  the 
employees of the Company. During the year, it has provided active 
support for the education of economically challenged meritorious 
students as part of the Nurture Merit Programme, conducted blood 
and  stem  donation  camps,  donated  clothes  and  other  essentials 
to Government schools. SCT has tied up with the Prerana Resource 

52 | SUBEX LIMITED

• 

• 

• 

• 

Organized  blood  and  stem  cell  donation  camp  with  TTK 
Bank.

Visited  Bellandur  Government  School,  and  Government 
school, Kadubisanahalli to understand their requirements.

Provided 10 Desktops to Government Higher Secondary 
School  for  education  purpose.  Also  provided  Water 
Coolers for providing clean drinking water to the students.

Donated  Clothes,  and  Toys  for  economically  challenged 
children  through  Goonj,  with  the  help  of  Subexian 
volunteers.

 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

Vidyaranya Trust Orphanage - SCT volunteers spent time 
with children and donated back packs and water sippers 
to the children. 

Opportunity  School  for  the  mentally  retarded  -  SCT 
volunteers visited and spent time with mentally retarded 
children and donated back packs and water sippers.

Donated  cots  and  mattresses  to  Shishu  Mandir,  a  home 
for destitute children.

FINANCIAL DETAILS 
In  accordance  with  Section  135  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013  and 
Rules made under the Company has constituted a CSR Committee 
as its Net worth has exceeded H500 Crores. As the Company has 
incurred losses during the preceding 3 years, it is not mandatory to 
incur expenditure on CSR activities. However, the CSR Committee, 
in its meeting held on May 25, 2017, approved the contribution of  
H10,00,000  to  the  SCT,  for  the  period  2017-18  and  the  Company 
has  voluntarily  undertaken  certain  activities  as  listed  below.  The 
contribution towards the activities undertaken during the year was 
made in April 2018.

The major projects and heads under which the outlay amount was spent as on the date of this report are as follows:  

(H In Lakhs)

(1)

S. No

(2)

CSR project 
or activity 
identified

(5)

Amount 
outlay 
(budget) 
project or 
programs 
wise

(3)

(4)

Sector in which 
the Project is 
covered

Projects or 
programs
1) Local area or 
other 
2) Specify
the State and 
district where
projects or 
programs  were  
undertaken

(6)

(7)

(8)

Cumulative 
expenditure
up to  the 
reporting 
period

Amount 
spent Direct 
or  through 
implementing 
agency 

Amount 
spent on the 
projects or  
programs Sub-
heads:
l) Direct 
expenditure 
on projects or 
programs
2) Overheads

Bengaluru 

4,08,000

4,08,000

4,08,000

4,08,000

Bengaluru

5,92,000

5,92,000

5,92,000

5,92,000

1

2

Providing 
Vocational 
Training to 
visually impaired 
and Disabled 
Orphan Teenage 
Girls

Nurture merit 
programme

Promoting 
employment 
enhancing 
vocation skills 
especially among 
children, women 
and differently 
abled 

Providing 
scholarships to 
economically 
challenged 
students from 
rural areas

Total

10,00,000

10,00,000

10,00,000

10,00,000

We hereby affirm that the CSR Policy, as approved by the Board, has been implemented and the CSR Committee monitors the implementation 
of the projects and activities in compliance with our CSR objectives. 

For Subex Limited

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN 06563872 

Place: Bengaluru, India 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Anil Singhvi
Chairman & Independent Director
DIN 00239589

Annual Report 2017-18 | 53

 
 
 
Report on Corporate Governance

I. COMPANY’S PHILOSOPHY ON CODE OF CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE
Corporate Governance is about commitment to values and ethical 
business  conduct.  It  is  about  how  an  organization  is  managed. 
Therefore,  situation,  performance,  ownership  and  governance  of 
the Company are equally important with respect to the structure, 
activities  and  policies  of  the  organization.  Consequently,  the 
organization is able to attract investors and enhance the trust and 
confidence of the stakeholders.

Subex  Limited’s  (“Subex/the  Company”)  compliance  with  the 
Corporate  Governance  guidelines  as  stipulated  by  the  stock 
exchanges  and  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (Listing 
Obligations  and  Disclosure  Requirements)  Regulations,  2015 
[“SEBI (LODR), Regulations, 2015”] is described in this section. The 
Company believes that sound Corporate Governance is critical to 
enhance and retain investor’s trust. Subex respects minority rights 
in its business decisions.

The Company’s Corporate Governance philosophy is based on the 
following principles:

• Satisfy the spirit of the law and not just the letter of the law

• Be transparent and maintain high degree of disclosure levels

•  Communicate  externally,  in  a  truthful  manner,  about  how  the 
Company is run internally

• Comply with the laws in all the countries in which the Company 
operates

Subex  is  committed  to  good  Corporate  Governance  practices. 
Consistent with this commitment, Subex seeks to achieve a high 
level of responsibility and accountability in its internal systems and 
policies. Subex respects the inalienable rights of the shareholders 
to information on the performance of the Company. The Company 
ensures, among others, the accountability of the Board of Directors 
and  the  importance  of  its  decisions  to  all  its  participants  viz., 
customers, employees, investors, regulatory bodies etc.

II. BOARD OF DIRECTORS
As  on  March  31,  2018,  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Subex  Limited 
comprises 6 directors out of which 1 is an Executive Director, 2 are 
Non-Executive Directors and 3 are Independent Directors.

During the year, Mr. Anil Singhvi was appointed as the Chairman 
of the Company with effect from May 25, 2017. Further, Mr. Vinod 
Kumar Padmanabhan, the Chief Operating Officer and Mr. Ashwin 
Chalapathy,  the  Chief  Technology  Officer  and  Head  of  Service 
Delivery were appointed as Whole-Time Directors of the Company 
on May 25, 2017 as well.

Ms.  Nisha  Dutt,  Independent  Director  was  appointed  as  the 
Chairperson  of  the  Nomination  &  Remuneration  Committee  with 
effect from May 25, 2017.

Mr.  Ganesh  K  V  ceased  to  be  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  and 
Company  Secretary  with  effect  from  June  15,  2017  consequent 
to  his  resignation  from  the  Company.  Ms.  Mehernaz  Dalal  who 
was  heading  the  corporate  function  was  appointed  as  the  Chief 
Financial Officer of the Company with effect from June 15, 2017. 
Further, Mr. Arjun Makhecha was appointed as the Acting Company 
Secretary with effect from June 15, 2017.

Pursuant  to  the  restructuring  of  the  business  of  the  Company, 
the  Revenue  Maximization  Solutions  business  was  contributed 
to  Subex  Assurance  LLP  and  the  Subex  Secure  and  Analytics 
solutions and related businesses was contributed to Subex Digital 
LLP.  Consequent  to  such  business  restructuring  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar 
Padmanabhan  and  Mr.  Ashwin  Chalapathy  were  appointed  in 
Subex  Assurance  LLP  and  they  continued  as  Non-  Executive  and 
Non-Independent  Directors  on  the  Board  of  the  Company  with 
effect from November 01, 2017 being the effective date of such 
business restructuring.

The Board at its meeting held on October 04, 2017 based on the 
recommendation  of  the  Nomination  &  Remuneration  Committee 
re-appointed Mr. Surjeet Singh as the Managing Director and CEO 
of the Company for the period from October 05, 2017 until March 
31, 2018. On account of completion of tenure of Mr. Surjeet Singh 
as Managing Director and CEO of the Company, he ceased to be a 
member of the Board and all the Committees.

In  view  of  the  completion  of  tenure  of  Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  as  the 
Managing Director and CEO of the Company on March 31, 2018 and 
based on the recommendation of the Nomination & Remuneration 
Committee,  the  Board  at  its  meeting  held  on  March  21,  2018 
appointed  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  as  the  Managing 
Director and CEO of the Company with effect from April 01, 2018.

54 | SUBEX LIMITED

The Board at its meeting held on May 04, 2018 took note of the 
resignation tendered by Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy from the Board of 
Subex and its subsidiaries with effect from May 04, 2018.

The  Board  appointed  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  as  a  member 
on  the  Audit  Committee,  Stakeholders’  Relationship  Committee  and 
Corporate  Social  Responsibility  Committee  with  effect  from  April  01, 
2018.

Details  of  the  composition  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and  their 
attendance and other particulars are given below.

A.Composition and Category of Directors as on March 31, 2018

Category

No. of Directors %

Independent Directors

Executive Directors

Non- Executive Directors

Total

3

1

2

6

50

17

33

100

B. Attendance of Directors at the Board Meetings and the Last AGM and Details about Directorships and Memberships in Committees 
as on March 31, 2018

Director

Position

Mr. Surjeet Singh^^  Managing Director and 
Chief Executive Officer 

Mr. Anil Singhvi 

Independent Director

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Independent Director

Ms. Poornima 
Prabhu 

Mr. Vinod Kumar 
Padmanabhan *

Mr. Ashwin 
Chalapathy **

Notes:

Independent Director

Non-Executive, Non-
Independent Director

Non-Executive, Non-
Independent Director

Includes directorship in Subex Limited.

No. of 
Board 
Meetings 
Held

No. of 
Board 
Meetings 
Attended

Last AGM 
Attended

No. of 
Directorships 
In Public 
Companies 

No. of Board/ 
Committees 
In Which The 
Director Is 
Chairman 

No. of Board 
/Committees 
In Which The 
Director Is 
Member 

10

10

10

10

9

9

6

10

8

10

6

7

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

2

7

1

1

1

1

-

  2

-

-

-

-

2

3

2

1

-

-

   Committee  means  Audit  Committee  and  Stakeholders’  Relationship  Committee.  Memberships  in  Committees  of  Subex  Limited  are 

included.

^^  Pursuant to the terms of the employment agreement of Mr. Surjeet Singh with the Company, his tenure as Managing Director and 
CEO of the Company concluded on March 31, 2018 and consequently he ceased to continue on the Board of the Company and the 
Committees. All details of Mr. Surjeet Singh in this report, wherever it appears, are up to March 31, 2018.

* 

The Board of Directors at its meeting held on May 25, 2017 appointed Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan as a Whole-Time Director of 
the Company. Subsequently on account of the restructuring of the Company, Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan was designated as Non- 
Executive and Non-Independent Director with effect from November 01, 2017. The Board appointed Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan as 
the Managing Director and CEO of the Company with effect from April 01, 2018.

**  The Board of Directors at its meeting held on May 25, 2017 appointed Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy as a Whole-Time Director of the Company. 
Subsequently on account of the restructuring of the Company, Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy was designated as Non- Executive and Non-
Independent Director with effect from November 01, 2017.

  Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy resigned from the directorship of the Company with effect from May 04, 2018. 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 55

 
III. AUDIT COMMITTEE

A. Terms of Reference
The  Audit  Committee  has,  inter  alia,  the  following  mandate 
as  prescribed  under  Part  C  of  Schedule  II  of  The  SEBI  (LODR) 
Regulations,  2015  and  Section  177  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013 
some of which are:

• Overseeing of the Company’s financial reporting process and the 
disclosure of its financial information to ensure that the financial 
statement is correct, sufficient and credible;

• Recommending to the Board, the appointment, re-appointment, 
terms  of  appointment  or  reappointment  and,  if  required,  the 
replacement  or  removal  of  the  statutory  auditor  and  the  fixation 
of audit fees;

•  Reviewing,  with  the  management,  the  annual  and  quarterly 
financial statements before submission to the Board for approval, 
with particular reference to:

a)  Changes,  if  any,  in  accounting  policies  and  practices  and 

reasons for the same;

b)  Major  accounting  entries  involving  estimates  based  on  the 

exercise of judgment by management;

c)  Significant  adjustments  made  in  the  financial  statements 

arising out of audit findings;

d)  Qualifications in the draft Audit Report;

•   Reviewing  and  monitoring  the  auditor’s  independence  and 

performance, and effectiveness of audit process;

•   Reviewing  the  findings  of  any  internal  investigations  by  the 
internal auditors into matters where there is suspected fraud or 
irregularity or a failure of internal control systems of a material 
nature and reporting the matter to the Board;

•   Overseeing  the  vigil  mechanism  which  shall  provide  for 
adequate  safeguards  against  victimization  of  employees  and 
directors  who  avail  of  the  vigil  mechanism  and  also  to  take 
action against repeated frivolous complaints filed by director or 
employee;

•   Evaluating the internal financial controls;

•   Approving the appointment of CFO (i.e., the Whole-Time Finance 
Director  or  any  other  person  heading  the  finance  function  or 
discharging  that  function)  after  assessing  the  qualifications, 
experience and background, etc. of the candidate;

C. Number and Dates of Board Meetings 
Details  of  meetings  of  the  Board  held  during  the  financial  year 
2017-18 are as follows:

Sl. No. Board Meeting Number Date of the Board Meeting
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8
9.
10.

May 25, 2017
May 25, 2017
June 05, 2017
July 28, 2017
August 21, 2017
October 04, 2017
November 10, 2017
December 21, 2017
January 29, 2018
March 21, 2018

No. 1/2017-18
No. 2/2017-18
No. 3/2017-18
No. 4/2017-18
No. 5/2017-18
No. 6/2017-18
No. 7/2017-18
No. 8/2017-18
No. 9/2017-18
No. 10/2017-18

D. Disclosure of relationships between directors inter-se
There are no inter-se relationships between the Board members.

E. Details of Shareholding of Non- Executive Directors
In terms of Regulation 36 (3) (e) of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 
2015,  the  details  of  shares  held  by  Non-  Executive  Directors  are 
as under:

Name

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Ms. Poornima Prabhu

Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan

No. of Shares Held
as at March 31, 2018

60,000

NIL

NIL

19,095

the 

F. Familiarization Programme for Independent Directors
Pursuant  to  Regulation  25(7)  of  the  SEBI  (LODR)  Regulations, 
2015, the familiarization programme aims to provide independent 
directors  with 
the  socio-economic 
industry  scenario, 
environment  in  which  the  Company  operates,  the  business 
model, the operational and financial performance of the Company, 
significant  developments  to  enable  them  to  take  well  informed 
decisions in a timely manner. The familiarization programme also 
seeks to update the directors on the roles, responsibilities, rights 
and  duties  under  the  Companies  Act,  2013  and  other  statutes. 
There  was  no  independent  director  appointed  during  the  year. 
Details of the familiarization programme imparted to independent 
directors  is  available  on  the  following  link  https://www.subex.
com/shareholder-services/.

56 | SUBEX LIMITED

The  current  charter  of  the  Audit  Committee  is  in  line  with 
the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013,  the  SEBI  (LODR) 
Regulations, 2015 and regulatory changes formulated by SEBI and 
international best practices.

All  members  of  the  Audit  Committee  are  financially  literate  and 
have related financial management expertise.

Member

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Mr. Surjeet Singh

Ms. Nisha Dutt 

B. Composition of The Audit Committee as on March 31, 2018

Ms. Poornima Prabhu

No. of Audit 
Committee 
Meetings Held 

No. of Audit 
Committee Meetings 
Attended

7

7

7

7

7

5

5

7

Sl. No Name of the Director

Category

1.

2.

3.

4.

Mr. Anil Singhvi (Chairman)

Independent Director

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Independent Director

Mr. Surjeet Singh *

Managing Director and CEO

Ms. Poornima Prabhu

Independent Director

Mr.  Ganesh  K  V,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Global  Head-Legal  and 
Company  Secretary  ceased  to  be  the  Secretary  of  the  Audit 
Committee  with  effect  from  June  15,  2017  consequent  to  his 
resignation from the Company.

*Mr. Surjeet Singh ceased to be the member of the Audit Committee 
on March 31, 2018.

Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  was  inducted  to  the  Audit 
Committee with effect from April 01, 2018.

C. Meetings and Attendance of the Committee during the Year
During the financial year 2017-18, the following Audit Committee 
meetings were held:

1. No. 1/ 2017-18

2. No. 2/ 2017-18

3. No. 3/ 2017-18

4. No. 4/ 2017-18

5. No. 5/ 2017-18

6. No. 6/ 2017-18

7. No. 7/ 2017-18

May 25, 2017

June 05, 2017

July 28, 2017

August 21, 2017

November 10, 2017

January 29, 2018

March 21, 2018

The dates on which the Quarterly/Half Yearly/Year ended results 
were considered were as follows:

Sl. 
No.
1.

2.
3.

4.

Quarterly/ half yearly/
yearly results
Quarter and Year ended 
March 31, 2017
Quarter ended June 30, 2017
Quarter and Half year ended 
September 30, 2017
Quarter and nine months 
ended December 31, 2017

Dates on which the 
results were considered
May 25, 2017

July 28, 2017
November 10, 2017

January 29, 2018

The Attendance of the directors at the Audit Committee Meetings 
during the financial year 2017-18 were as follows:

M/s  S.R.  Batliboi  &  Associates  LLP,  Chartered  Accountants,  the 
Statutory  Auditors  of  the  Company  have  attended  all  the  Audit 
Committee Meetings held during the year.

P.  C.  Chandrashekhar  &  Co,  Chartered  Accountants,  the  Internal 
Auditors of the Company attended the meeting of the Committee 
held on May 25, 2017 and were re- appointed by the Committee 
for the financial year 2017-18. 

IV. NOMINATION AND REMUNERATION COMMITTEE
The  Nomination  and  Remuneration  Committee  considers  the 
performance  of  the  Company  as  well  as  general  industry  trends 
while fixing the remuneration of the Executive Directors. The said 
Committee  as  a  part  of  the  Remuneration  Policy  considers  the 
recommendation of appointment of Directors, including Managing 
Director and Whole-Time Director by whatever name called by the 
Company.

A. Composition of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee 
as on March 31, 2018 is as follows:

Sl. No. Name of the Director

Category

1.

2.

3.

Ms. Nisha Dutt (Chairperson)

Independent Director

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Independent Director

Ms. Poornima Prabhu

Independent Director

B. Meetings and Attendance of the Committee during the Year
During the financial year 2017-18, the following meetings of the 
Nomination and Remuneration Committee were held:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

No. 1/2017-18

No. 2/2017-18

No. 3/2017-18

No. 4/2017-18

No. 5/2017-18

No. 6/2017-18

May 25, 2017

June 05, 2017

July 28, 2017

October 04, 2017

December 21, 2017

March 21, 2018

At its meeting held on October 04, 2017, the Committee approved 
the  re-appointment  and  remuneration  of  Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  as 
the Managing Director & CEO of the Company for the period from 
October 05, 2017 to March 31, 2018. Further at the meeting of the 
Committee held on March 21, 2018, the Committee approved the 
appointment and remuneration of Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 57

as the Managing Director & CEO of the Company for a period of 3 
years with effect from April 01, 2018. 

Companies  Act,  2013.  However,  no  commission  was  paid  to  the 
independent directors during the year.

Attendance of the members at the Nomination and Remuneration 
Committee  meetings  during  the  financial  year  2017-18  were  as 
follows:

Member

No. of Nomination 
and Remuneration 
Committee Meetings 
Held 

No. of Nomination 
and Remuneration 
Committee Meetings 
Attended

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Ms. Poornima 
Prabhu

6

6

6

4

6

6

C.  Details  of  remuneration  paid  to  all  the  Directors  during  the 
Year 2017-18 are as follows:
The Independent Directors are paid sitting fees of H1,00,000 per 
meeting  for  attendance  in  the  Board  Meetings  and  Meetings  of 
other Committees of the Board. 

The  Nomination  and  Remuneration  Committee  determines  and 
recommends  to  the  Board,  the  compensation  payable  to  the 
Executive Directors. All Board level compensation is approved by 
the shareholders, where necessary, and is separately disclosed in 
the  financial  statements.  The  compensation,  however,  is  within 
the parameters set by the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 
and rules made thereunder. 

Details of remuneration paid to the directors during the year 2017-
18 are as follows:

Remuneration Details of Executive Directors:

1. Mr. Surjeet Singh, Managing Director & CEO (October 05, 2017 
to March 31, 2018)

(a)  Tenure: October 05, 2017 to March 31, 2018

(b)  Remuneration: H5,00,000 per month.

(c)  Benefits:

a.  Medical  Reimbursement:  Reimbursement  of  medical 
expenses  incurred,  including  premium  paid  on  health 
insurance  policies,  whether  in  India  or  aboard,  for  self 
and family.

b. 

Insurance:  Personal  accident  insurance  and  Keyman  or 
other  insurance  as  per  the  policy  of  the  Company  or  as 
approved by the Board of Directors.

(d)  Taxes: All taxes, duties, levies, surcharge etc. shall be borne 

solely by Mr. Surjeet Singh.

(e)  Expenses: The Company shall reimburse, on a monthly basis, 
all  reasonable  travelling,  entertainment  and  other  similar 
out of pocket expenses necessarily and reasonably incurred 
by  him  wholly  in  proper  performance  of  his  duties  and 
responsibilities. He shall be entitled to travel in Business class 
where travel time is more than 5 hrs.

(f)  Leave: Casual/sick leave and holidays as per the policy of the 

Company.

 (H in Lakhs)

Commission $

(g)  Termination: The Company or Mr. Surjeet Singh may terminate 
the  agreement  giving  either  party  notice  in  writing  of  90 
(Ninety) days.

Name

Sitting 
fees

Salary  and 
perquisites

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Mr. Surjeet Singh

Ms. Poornima Prabhu

Mr. Vinod Kumar 
Padmanabhan

22

28

N. A.

23

N. A.

Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy

N. A.

-

-

38

-

54

45

-

-

-

-

-

-

All the values have been rounded off to the nearest Lakhs.

$ Remuneration  to  independent  directors  by  way  of  commission 
was  approved  by  the  Board  at  their  Meeting  held  on  May  25, 
2017 and subsequently approved by the shareholders at the 23rd 
Annual  General  Meeting  held  on  July  28,  2017  for  an  amount 
not  exceeding  1%  per  annum  of  the  net  profits  of  the  Company 
calculated in accordance with the provisions of Section 198 of the 

58 | SUBEX LIMITED

2.  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan,  Managing  Director  &  CEO 
(April 01, 2018 to March 31, 2021)

a)  Tenure: 3 years (April 01, 2018 to March 31, 2021)

b)  Remuneration: H60,00,000 per annum for a period of 3 years 

from April 01, 2018.

c) 

Taxes:  Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  will  be  solely 
responsible for all personal and other taxes relevant including 
the preparation and filing of such tax returns with appropriate 
authority.

d)  Expenses:  The  Company  shall  reimburse  all  reasonable 
travelling and other similar out of pocket expenses necessarily 
and reasonably incurred by him wholly in proper performance 
of his duties and responsibilities.

 
 
e)  Other terms and conditions: As per the employment agreement 
between Subex Limited and Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan

D. Performance Evaluation
Pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013  and 
Regulation  25  of  the  SEBI  (LODR)  Regulations,  2015,  the  Board 
has  carried  out  the  annual  performance  evaluation  of  its  own 
performance, the directors individually, as well as the evaluation 
of all the Committees of the Board. An evaluation criteria for the 
Chairman,  Board  of  Directors,  Members  of  the  Committee  and 
Individual  Directors  was  formulated  for  such  evaluation.  The 
evaluation  criteria  included  aspects  related  to  competency  of 
directors,  strategy  and  performance  evaluation,  effectiveness, 
structure  of  the  Board/Committee,  level  of  engagement  and 
contribution,  independence  of  judgement  etc.  The  performance 
evaluation  of  the  independent  directors  was  carried  out  by  the 
entire Board. The performance evaluation of the non-independent 
directors  was  carried  out  by  the  independent  directors.  The 
directors expressed their satisfaction with the evaluation process.

V. STAKEHOLDERS’ RELATIONSHIP COMMITTEE
The  Stakeholders’  Relationship  Committee  is  responsible  for 
addressing the investor complaints and grievances. The Committee 
meets on a periodic basis to address the investor complaints like 
transfer  of  shares,  non-receipt  of  balance  sheet,  non-receipt  of 
other  documents  etc.  Details  of  grievances  of  the  investors  are 
provided in the “Shareholders’ Information” section of this Annual 
Report.

A. Composition of The Stakeholders’ Relationship Committee as 
on March 31, 2018

Sl. No Name of the Director

Category

1.

2.

3.

Mr. Anil Singhvi 
(Chairman)

Ms. Nisha Dutt 

Independent Director

Independent Director

Mr. Surjeet Singh* 

Managing Director & CEO

Mr.  Ganesh  K  V,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Global  Head-Legal  and 
Company Secretary ceased to be the Secretary of the Committee 
with effect from June 15, 2017 pursuant to his resignation from the 
Company.

*Mr. Surjeet Singh ceased to be the member of the Stakeholders’ 
Relationship Committee on March 31, 2018

Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan was inducted to the Stakeholders’ 
Relationship  Committee  by  the  Board  with  effect  from  April  01, 
2018.

B. Meetings and Attendance of the Committee during the Year
During the financial year 2017-18, the following meetings of the 
Stakeholders’ Relationship Committee were held:

1.

2.

3.

4.

No. 1/2017-18

No. 2/2017-18

No. 3/2017-18

No. 4/2017-18

May 25, 2017

July 28, 2017

November 10, 2017

January 29, 2018

Attendance  of  the  Directors  at  the  Stakeholders’  Relationship 
Committee Meetings for the financial year 2017-18 were as follows:

Member

No. of takeholders‘ 
Relationship 
Committee  
Meetings Held 

No. of Stakeholders’ 
Relationship 
Committee 
Meetings Attended

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Mr. Surjeet Singh

Ms. Nisha Dutt

4

4

4

4

4

4

VI. ESOP COMMITTEE (COMPENSATION COMMITTEE)

The  Company  has  instituted  Employee  Stock  Option  Schemes  in 
line with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share Based 
Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014. The Committee  administers 
options  under  the  stock  options  schemes.  There  were  no  grants 
made during the financial year 2017-18.

A.  Composition of The ESOP Committee as on March 31, 2018

Sl. No. Name of the Director

Category

1.

2.

3.

Mr. Anil Singhvi (Chairman)

Independent Director

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Independent Director

Ms. Poornima Prabhu

Independent Director

B. Meetings and Attendance during the Year
The  Committee  administers  the  ESOP  schemes  of  the  Company 
by  passing  resolutions  by  circulation  whenever  necessary.  These 
resolutions  are  tabled  before  the  Board  of  Directors  at  their 
respective meetings which is noted. 

VII. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (“CSR”) 
COMMITTEE
To  enable  the  Company  to  take  required  measures  to  make  a 
meaningful contribution to society and other stakeholders, it has 
constituted  the  Corporate  Social  Responsibility  Committee  (“CSR 
Committee”).  The  CSR  Committee  has,  inter  alia,  the  following 
mandate:

Annual Report 2017-18 | 59

i. 

formulate  and  recommend  to  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the 
Company, a Corporate Social Responsibility Policy which shall 
indicate  the  activities  to  be  undertaken  by  the  Company  as 
specified in Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013;

ii. 

recommend the amount of expenditure to be incurred on the 
activities referred to in clause (i); and

iii.  monitor  the  Corporate  Social  Responsibility  Policy  of  the 

Company from time to time.

A. Composition of The CSR Committee as on March 31, 2018

Sl. No. Name of the Director

Category

1.

2.

3.

Mr. Anil Singhvi (Chairman)

Independent Director

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Independent Director

Mr. Surjeet Singh*

Managing Director & CEO

*Mr. Surjeet Singh ceased to be the member of the Corporate Social 
Responsibility Committee with effect from March 31,2018.

Mr.  Vinod  Kumar  Padmanabhan  was  inducted  to  the  Corporate 
Social Responsibility Committee with effect from April 01,  2018.

B. Meetings and Attendance of the Committee during the Year 
2017-18:

Member

No. of CSR 
Committee  
Meetings Held 

No. of CSR 
Committee 
Meetings Attended

Mr. Anil Singhvi

Ms. Nisha Dutt

Mr. Surjeet Singh

1

1

1

1

1

1

During the financial year 2017-18, the Committee met on May 25, 
2017 to discuss and approve the contribution to be made towards 
the Corporate Social Responsibility programs.

The CSR Charter and the Policy of the Company are available on the 
website of the Company at https://www.subex.com/shareholder-
services/.  

VIII. RISK MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
To  ensure  that  the  Company  is  taking  appropriate  measures 
to  achieve  prudent  balance  between  risk  and  reward  in  both 
ongoing  and  new  business  activities,  it  has  constituted  a  Risk 
Management Committee to review the internal financial controls 
amongst  other  matters.  The  said  Committee  has  also  within  its 
scope, the evaluation of significant risk exposures of the Company 
and  to  assess  Management’s  actions  to  mitigate  the  exposures 
in a timely manner. The Company considers activities at all levels 
of  the  organization,  i.e.  Enterprise  level,  Division  level,  Business 
Unit level and Subsidiary level in the risk management framework. 
All  these  components  are  interrelated  and  drive  the  Enterprise 
Wide Risk Management with focus on three key elements i.e. Risk 
Assessment, Risk Management and Risk Monitoring.  

60 | SUBEX LIMITED

A.  Composition of the Risk Management Committee as on March 
31, 2018

Sl. No. Name of the Director

Category

1.

2.

3.

Mr. Anil Singhvi (Chairman)

Independent Director

Mr. Surjeet Singh*

Managing Director & CEO

Mr. Vinod Kumar 
Padmanabhan

Non- Executive, Non-
Independent Director

*Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  ceased  to  be  the  member  of  the  Risk 
Management Committee on March 31, 2018. 

B. Meetings and Attendance during the Year
There were no meetings of the Risk Management Committee held 
during the financial year 2017-18.  

IX. INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR
During the year under review, the Independent Directors met, inter 
alia, to:

• Review the performance of the Non-Independent Directors and 
the Board of Directors as a whole;

• Assess the quality, quantity and timeliness of flow of information 
between  the  Management  of  the  listed  entity  and  the  Board 
of  Directors  that  is  necessary  for  the  Board  to  effectively  and 
reasonably perform their duties.

X. VIGIL MECHANISM AND WHISTLE BLOWING POLICY
With  the  rapid  expansion  of  business  in  terms  of  volume,  value 
and  geography,  various  risks  associated  with  the  business  have 
also  increased  considerably.  One  such  risk  identified  is  the  risk 
of  fraud  &  misconduct.  The  Companies  Act,  2013  and  the  SEBI 
(LODR)  Regulations,  2015  require  all  the  listed  companies  to 
institutionalize the vigil mechanism and whistle blower policy. The 
Company since its inception believes in honest and ethical conduct 
from  all  the  employees  and  others  who  are  associated  directly 
and  indirectly  with  the  Company.  The  Audit  Committee  is  also 
committed  to  ensure  a  fraud-free  work  environment.  The  policy 
provides a platform to all the employees, vendors and customers 
to report any suspected or confirmed incident of fraud/misconduct 
through any of the following reporting protocols: 

Adequate  safeguards  have  been  provided  in  the  policy  to  prevent 
victimization of anyone who is using this platform and direct access 
to the Chairman of the Audit Committee at whistleblower@subex.com 
is also available in exceptional cases. This policy is applicable to all 
the  directors,  employees,  vendors  and  customers  of  the  Company. 
The policy is also posted on the website of the Company.

The Whistle Blower Policy of the Company is available on the website 
of the Company at https://www.subex.com/shareholder-services/. 

XI. GENERAL BODY MEETINGS

A. Location and Time of the Last Three AGMs

Year

2014-15

2015-16

2016-17

Date of AGM

June 19, 2015

September 12, 2016

July 28, 2017

Venue

Registered office

Registered Office

Le Meridien, “Coronet” hall, No. 
28 Sankey Road, Bengaluru-560 
052

Time

1.00 PM

2:00 PM

3:00 PM

Details of the Special Resolutions passed at the Last Three AGMs:

Date of Annual General 
Meeting

No. of special 
resolutions passed

Details of Resolution pertaining too 

June 19, 2015

September 12, 2016

July 28, 2017

7

2

3

1.  Re-  appointment  of  Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  as  the  Managing  Director  and  CEO  of  the 
Company for a period of one year from October 05, 2014 to October 04, 2015.

2. Re-appointment of Mr. Anil Singhvi as an Independent Director for a period of five years.

3. Re-appointment of Mr. Sanjeev Aga as an Independent Director for a period of five years.

4. Issuance of shares pursuant to reset of Conversion Price of FCCB’s.

5. Increase in Authorized Share Capital of the Company. 

6. Alteration of Capital Clause contained in the Memorandum of Association and.

7. Approval of Borrowing limits of the Company.

1. Alteration of Articles of Association of the Company.

2. Re-appointment of Mr. Surjeet Singh as Managing Director and CEO of the Company 
for a period of one year from October 05, 2016 to October 04, 2017.

1. Appointment of Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan as a Whole-Time Director of the 
Company.

2. Appointment of Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy as a Whole-Time Director of the Company.

3. Approve payment of remuneration to Independent Directors by way of commission.

B.  Location and Time of the Last Three EGMs

Year

2011-12

2012-13

2012-13

Date of EGM

December 28, 2011

June 28, 2012

August 17, 2012

Venue

Registered office

Registered office

Registered office

Time

11.30 AM

11.30 AM

11.30 AM

C.   Postal Ballot during the year 2017-18
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 110 and other applicable provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, the following special resolutions 
were passed by the Members of the Company through postal ballot:

A. Postal Ballot conducted during March 30, 2017 to April 29, 2017
Mr. Pramod S M, Practicing Company Secretary (Membership Number FCS:7834, CP No. 13784) was appointed as the scrutinizer for the 
above mentioned remote e-voting process and Postal Ballot. Details of the special resolutions that were passed are as follows:

Resolution 
No.

Particulars

Total Number of 
shares voted

Voted in 
Favour

Voted 
against

Percentage  
(in favour)

Result

1.

2.

Increase in Authorized Share Capital

51,364,551

51,003,488

361,063

99.30

Approved

Issue of Equity Shares on preferential basis

51,238,450

51,054,878

183,572

99.64

Approved

Annual Report 2017-18 | 61

B. Postal Ballot conducted during August 25, 2017 to September 23, 2017

Mr. Biswajit Ghosh, Practicing Company Secretary (Membership Number FCS:8750, CP No. 8239) was appointed as the scrutinizer for the 
above mentioned remote e-voting process and Postal Ballot. Details of the special resolutions that were passed are as follows:

Resolution 
No.

Particulars

Total Number of 
shares voted

Voted in Favour

Voted 
against

Percentage  
(in favour)

Result

1.

2.

3.

Restructuring of the business of the Company

119,241,219

118,221,024

1,020,195

99.14% Approved

Amendment to Articles of Association

118,450,070

118,066,693

383,377

99.68% Approved

Amendment  to  the  object  Clause  of  the 
Memorandum of Association

115,882,184

115,870,492

11,692

99.99% Approved

independence.  The  Company  has 
relevant 
declarations in this regard from its Independent Directors Mr. Anil 
Singhvi, Ms. Nisha Dutt and Ms. Poornima Prabhu.

received 

the 

B. INSIDER TRADING 
The  Company  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Conduct  for  prevention  of 
Insider Trading with a view to regulate trading in securities by the 
Directors  and  designated  employees  of  the  Company.  The  code 
requires  pre-clearance  for  dealing  in  the  Company’s  shares  and 
prohibits the purchase or sale of Company’s shares by the Directors 
and the designated employees while in possession of unpublished 
price sensitive information in relation to the Company and during 
the  period  when  the  Trading  Window  is  closed.  The  Company 
Secretary & Compliance Officer is responsible for implementation 
of the Code.  

C. FINES
During  the  year  2017-18,  there  was  no  fine,  penalty  nor  any 
stricture  passed  by  SEBI,  Stock  Exchanges  or  any  other  Statutory 
Authority on matters relating to capital markets. During the year 
2015-16, BSE Limited imposed a fine of H18,240/- on the Company 
under  Clause  31  of  the  erstwhile  Listing  Agreement  for  delay  in 
submission to the exchange, the Annual Report for 2014-15 which 
was duly paid. There was no other fine, penalty nor any stricture 
passed by SEBI, Stock Exchanges or any other Statutory Authority 
on matters relating to capital markets, in the last three years, other 
than as stated above. 

D. CEO/CFO CERTIFICATION
The Company has obtained a certificate from the CEO and CFO as 
required  by  Regulation  17  (8)  (Part  B  of  Schedule  II)  of  the  SEBI 
(LODR) Regulations, 2015.

The complete results of the voting along with the scrutinizers report 
for the aforementioned postal ballot’s were made available on the 
website of the Company www.subex.com and on the websites of 
BSE and NSE.

XII. SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
A policy on materiality of subsidiaries has been formulated and the 
same has been posted on the website of the Company under the 
link https://www.subex.com/shareholder-services/.

The Annual Financial Statements of material subsidiaries are tabled 
before the Audit Committee and Board meetings.

XIII. DISCLOSURES

A. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
All  transactions  entered  into  with  Related  Parties  as  defined 
under  the  Companies  Act,  2013  and  Regulation  23  of  the  SEBI 
(LODR)  Regulations,  2015  during  the  financial  year  were  in  the 
ordinary course of business and on an arms’ length pricing basis 
and do not attract the provisions of Section 188 of the Companies 
Act, 2013. There were no materially significant transactions with 
related  parties  during  the  financial  year  which  were  in  conflict 
with the interest of the Company. Suitable disclosures as required 
by the Accounting Standards (AS18) and IND AS has been made in 
the note 33 to the Stand Alone and Note 33 to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements. The Board has approved a policy for related 
party  transactions  which  has  been  uploaded  on  the  Company’s 
website  under  the  link  https://www.subex.com/shareholder-
services/.

None  of  the  Independent  Directors  have  any  material  pecuniary 
relationship  or  transactions  with  its  Promoters,  its  Directors, 
its  Senior  Management  or  its  subsidiaries  which  may  affect 

62 | SUBEX LIMITED

E. CODE OF CONDUCT
In  compliance  with  Regulation  17  (5)  of  the  SEBI  (LODR) 
Regulations,  2015,  the  Company  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Conduct 
(the  ‘Code’).  This  Code  is  applicable  to  the  Members  of  the 
Board,  Senior  Management  Personnel  and  all  employees  of  the 
Company  and  Subsidiaries.  The  Code  lays  down  the  standard  of 
conduct which is expected to be followed by the Directors and the 
designated  employees  in  their  business  dealings  particularly  on 
matters relating to integrity in the work place, in business practices 
and in dealing with stakeholders. The Code gives guidance through 
examples on the expected behavior from an employee in a given 
situation and the reporting structure. 

During the said Financial year there were no changes made to the 
Code. All the members of the Board and the Senior Management 
Personnel have affirmed compliance to the Code, as at March 31, 
2018. A declaration to this effect, signed by the Managing Director 
and  CEO  is  provided  in  the  certification  section  of  the  Annual 
Report.  The  Code  has  been  posted  on  the  Company’s  website 
https://www.subex.com/shareholder-services/.

XIV. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION 

A. Annual/Half Yearly and Quarterly Results 
The annual audited /half yearly & quarterly un-audited results are 
generally published in all editions of Financial Express/ Business 
Standard  (English)  and  Vijay  Karnataka/Udayavani  (Kannada).  
The  complete  financial  statements  are  posted  on  the  Company’s 
website  https://www.subex.com/shareholder-services/.  Subex 
also  regularly  provides  information  to  the  Stock  Exchanges  as 
per  the  requirements  of  the  SEBI  (LODR)  Regulations,  2015  and 
updates  the  website  periodically  to  include  information  on  new 
developments and business opportunities.

Being  a  Company  with  strong  focus  on  green  initiatives,  Subex 
proposes  to  send  all  shareholder  communications  such  as  the 
notice of General Meetings, Audited Financial Statements, Board’s 
Report, Auditors’ Report, etc., as done in the past, to shareholders 
in  electronic  form  to  the  e-mail  id  provided  by  them  and  made 
available  to  us  by  the  Depositories.  Members  are  requested  to 
register  their  e-mail  id  with  their  Depository  Participant  and 
inform  them  of  any  changes  to  the  same  from  time  to  time. 
However, Members who prefer physical copy to be delivered may 

write to the Company at its registered office or send an e-mail to 
investorrelations@subex.com by providing their DP ID and Client 
ID as reference. 

XV.   MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

The Management Discussion and Analysis forms part of the Annual 
Report.

XVI. GENERAL SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

General shareholder information is provided in the “Shareholder’s 
Information” Section of the Annual Report.

XVII. PRACTISING COMPANY SECRETARIES CERTIFICATE

The  certificate  with  regard  to  compliance  of  conditions  on 
Corporate  Governance  as  per  Clause  E  of  Schedule  V  of  the  SEBI 
(LODR) Regulations, 2015 forms part of the Board’s Report.

XVIII. COMPLIANCE WITH DISCRETIONARY REQUIREMENTS 
PROVIDED UNDER PART E OF SCHEDULE II OF THE SEBI 
(LODR) REGULATIONS, 2015
Part E of Schedule II of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015 states 
that  the  discretionary  requirements  provided  therein  may  be 
implemented  as  per  the  Company’s  discretion.  However,  the 
disclosures  of  compliance  with  mandatory  requirements  and 
adoption  (and  compliance)/non-adoption  of  non-mandatory 
in  the  section  on  Corporate 
requirements  shall  be  made 
Governance in the Annual Report. The Company has complied with 
the following non-mandatory requirements:

A. The Board
The Company appointed Mr. Anil Singhvi, Independent Director as 
the Non-Executive Chairman of the Company at its meeting held 
on May 25, 2017. The Company reimburses the expenses incurred 
by  the  Chairman  for  discharge  of  his  duties  that  are  attributable 
to  the  Company  on  a  regular  basis  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of 
Regulation 27(1) of SEBI (LODR) Regulation, 2015.  

B. Shareholders’ Rights
The  Company  communicates  with  investors  regularly  through 
e-mails, telephone calls and face to face meetings. The Company 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 63

publishes  the  quarterly  financial  results  in  leading  business 
newspaper(s) as well as on the Company’s website. 

C. Modified opinion(s) in Audit Report 
The  Company  did  not  receive  any  Modified  Opinion  in  the  Audit 
Report of the Financial Statements during the financial year.

D. Separate Posts of Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer
The  Company  has  created  separate  positions  to  be  held  by  the 
Chairman  of  the  Company  and  the  Chief  Executive  Officer.  The 
Board  at  its  meeting  held  on  May  25,  2017  appointed  Mr.  Anil 
Singhvi as the Chairman of the Company.

The Board at its meeting held on October 04, 2017 re-appointed 
Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  as  Managing  Director  and  CEO  of  the  Company 
from  October  05,  2017  until  March  31,  2018.  Consequent  to  the 
conclusion of tenure of Mr. Surjeet Singh, the Board at its meeting 
held  on  March  21,  2018,  based  on  the  recommendation  of  the 
Nomination & Remuneration Committee appointed Mr. Vinod Kumar 
Padmanabhan as Managing Director and CEO of the Company for a 
term of 3 years effective from April 01, 2018.

E. Reporting of Internal Auditor
The Internal Auditors report to the Audit Committee of the Board of 
Directors and are requested to be present as invitees at the Audit 
Committee meetings held every quarter.

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan  
Managing Director & CEO        
DIN 06563872                                             

Place: Bengaluru, India 
Date: May 04, 2018 

For Subex Limited

Anil Singhvi
Chairman and Independent Director 
DIN 00239589

Place: Bengaluru, India
Date:  May 04, 2018

64 | SUBEX LIMITED

DECLARATION BY THE CEO UNDER CLAUSE D OF SCHEDULE V OF THE SEBI (LODR) REGULATIONS, 2015 REGARDING 
ADHERENCE TO THE CODE OF CONDUCT

To,
The Members of Subex Limited

In accordance with Clause D of Schedule V of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, I hereby confirm that, all the Directors and the Senior 
Management Personnel including me, have affirmed compliance to their respective Codes of Conduct, as applicable for the financial year 
ended March 31, 2018.    

Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

For Subex Limited

 Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan  
Managing Director & CEO
DIN 06563872

Annual Report 2017-18 | 65

 
 
 
 
 
CEO AND  CFO CERTIFICATION IN TERMS OF REGULATION 17 (8) OF THE SEBI (LODR) REGULATIONS, 2015

To,
The Board of Directors
Subex Limited

Dear Sirs,

In terms of Regulation 17 (8) of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015, we hereby certify to the Board of Directors that:

A)   We have reviewed the financial statements and the cash flow statement of the Company for the year ended March 31, 2018 and to 

the best of our knowledge and belief:

i)  

These statements do not contain any materially untrue statement or omit any material fact or contain statements that might be 
misleading;

ii)   These statements together present a true and fair view of the Company’s affairs and are in compliance with existing accounting 

standards, applicable laws and regulations.

B)   There are, to the best of our knowledge and belief, no transactions entered into by the Company during the year which are fraudulent, 

illegal or violative of the Company’s code of conduct.

C)   We accept responsibility for establishing and maintaining internal controls for financial reporting and that we have evaluated the 
effectiveness of internal control systems of the Company pertaining to financial reporting and we have disclosed to the auditors and 
the Audit Committee, deficiencies in the design or operation of such internal controls, if any, of which we are aware and the steps we 
have taken or propose to take to rectify these deficiencies.

D)   We have indicated to the auditors and the Audit Committee

i)   Significant changes in internal control if any, over financial reporting during the year;

ii)   Significant changes in accounting policies during the year, if any, and that the same have been disclosed in the notes to the 

financial statements; and

iii)   Instances of significant fraud of which we have become aware and the involvement therein, if any, of the management or an 

employee having a significant role in the Company’s internal control system over financial reporting, wherever needed.

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan               
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN 06563872

Mehernaz Dalal 
Chief Financial Officer

Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018                                                                                                     

Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018                                                                                                                

66 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management Discussion and Analysis

OVERVIEW
Subex  Limited  (“Subex”  or  “the  Company”)  has  its  Equity  Shares 
listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) and 
The BSE Limited.

The  management  of  Subex  is  committed  to  transparency  and 
disclosure.  In  keeping  with  that  commitment,  we  are  pleased  to 
disclose hereunder information about the Company, its business, 
operations, outlook, risks and financial condition.

The  financial  statements  of  the  Company  have  been  prepared  in 
compliance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013 
and  the  Indian  Accounting  Standards  (Ind  AS)  notified  under 
the  Companies  (Indian  Accounting  Standards)  Rules,  2015.  The 
management  of  Subex  accepts  responsibility  for  the  integrity 
and  objectivity  of  these  financial  statements,  as  well  as  for 
various estimates and judgments used therein. The estimates and 
judgments  relating  to  the  financial  statements  have  been  made 
on  a  prudent  and  reasonable  basis,  in  order  that  the  financial 
statements reflect the form and substance of transactions in a true 
and  fair  manner,  and  reasonably  present  the  state  of  affairs  and 
profits/ losses for the year under review.

In  addition  to  the  historical  information  contained  herein,  the 
following  discussion  may  include  forward  looking  statements 
which involve risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to 
the risks inherent in the Company’s growth strategy, dependency 
on certain clients, dependency on availability of qualified technical 
personnel and other factors discussed in this report.

COMPANY OVERVIEW
We  provide  software  products,  solutions  and  related  services 
to  communications  service  providers  (“CSPs”)  worldwide.  Our 
licensing,  professional 
revenue  contributing  pie  consists  of 
services related to installations and configuration activity, annual 
support contracts and managed services.

Our pioneering platform, the Revenue Operations Centre (ROC®) – 
a centralized approach that sustains profitable growth and financial 
health  of  CSPs  through  coordinated  operational  control  -  brings 
together business intelligence, domain knowledge and workflow 
support.  ROC  acts  as  the  underpinning  solution  on  which  CSPs 
can build their processes to drive new business models, enhance 
customer experience and optimise operations.

Subex helps CSPs to drive new business models, enhance customer 
experience and optimise enterprises. Subex leverages its award-
winning analytics solutions in areas such as Revenue Assurance, 
Fraud  Management,  Network  Asset  Management  and  Partner 
Settlement,  and  complements  them  through  its  newer  solutions 

such as IoT Security. Subex also offers scalable Managed Services 
and Business Consulting services.

We are proud to be recognized as a leader in our market. We are 
especially  proud  to  have  received  numerous  awards  jointly  with 
our customers. Our recent awards include:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Converge 2018 Big Data & Analytics Award under “Customer 
Analytics” Category

Pipeline Innovation Award 2018 & 2017 for the ‘Innovations 
in  Managed  Services’,  Big  Data  &  Analytics  and  Security  & 
Assurance” category

Aegis Graham Bell Award 2017 for Innovation in ROC Insights 
under “Data Science” Category

Global Telecoms Business Innovation Award 2017 with Saudi 
Telecom Company

Innovation  Awards  under  “Managed  Services” 

Pipeline 
category & “Innovations in Security & Assurance”

Subex  has  spent  over  25  years  in  enabling  3/4th  of  the  largest 
50  CSPs  globally  achieve  competitive  advantage.  Being  truly  a 
global Company, we have more than 300 installations across 90+ 
countries.

We  have  a  global  presence,  employing  over  900+  people,  with 
headquarters in Bengaluru, India and offices in Singapore, UK, US 
and UAE.

More information on (a) our revenue model, (b) our products, (c) 
our global customer base and (d) an overview on the CSP industry 
itself is discussed below.

OPPORTUNITIES
The  last  couple  of  years  saw  Telcos  faced  with  a  paradoxical 
choice of fighting OTT digital providers vs partnering with the OTT 
digital  providers.  It  is  clear  that  digital  is  now  deeply  embedded 
in  the  telco  ecosystem  as  an  efficiency  and  scalability  driver,  as 
a  customer  engagement  and  experience  driver  and  indeed  as 
a  driver  of  new  digital  products,  services,  and  offerings.  Telcos 
continue  to  invest  in  augmenting  networks,  forging  partnerships 
and  indeed  in  some  cases  building  walled  gardens  of  an  entire 
ecosystem of digital services. Further, larger-scale adoption of IoT 
has started gathering momentum and 2018 is now forecast to be 
the year when IOT becomes massive.

We  see  significant  opportunities  for  Subex  in  the  digital  play 
of  telcos  and  homecoming  of  IoT.  In  the  core  areas  of  Revenue 
Assurance and Fraud Management the new digital service expose 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 67

telcos  to  new  business  risks,  revenue  risks,  cost  and  margin 
risks,  fraud  risks,  compliance  and  regulatory  risks.  Subex  is  well 
positioned  to  help  telcos  manage  these  risks,  while  at  the  same 
time  helping  them  remain  agile  to  their  customer  needs  and 
agile  to  successfully  take  on  the  digital  competition.  Subex  with 
its  Partner  Management  portfolio  is  also  well  positioned  to  help 
telcos attract, retain and work efficiently with digital partners.

into fintech and digital banks, into home automation and indeed 
industrial  IoT  service  providers.  This  is  resulting  in  new  buying 
centers  within  the  telcos  for  fraud,  risk  and  security  solutions. 
Failure to develop good relationships with the new buying centers 
can result in Subex getting sidelined. Subex needs to leverage its 
domain  credentials  and  its  relationship  with  existing  buyers  to 
mitigate this risk.

Return  on  invested  capital  particularly  in  networks  is  coming 
under significant pressure and scrutiny. Subex’s network analytics 
portfolio  with  its  network  lifecycle  management  and  capacity 
management  solutions  is  well  positioned  to  capitalize  on  the 
opportunity created to optimise network spend and use networks 
as a driver of customer experience.

The timing of Subex’s IoT security solution has coincided well with 
the massive IoT offtake we are experiencing. With security being 
identified  as  one  of  the  key  barriers  to  IoT  adoption,  we  believe 
Subex is well positioned to grab a portion of the IoT security spend 
market.

THREATS
Core areas of Subex such as fraud management, revenue assurance, 
partner settlement are evolving. For instance, Revenue Assurance 
and Fraud Management are evolving into Business Assurance and 
increasingly  getting  closer  to  Enterprise  Risk  Management;  and 
partner settlement is evolving into larger partner management to 
manage  the  digital  ecosystem  for  telcos.  Subex  needs  to  ensure 
that  it  can  capitalize  on  these  changes  and  create  leadership 
positions in the evolved areas. 

With  digital  services,  telcos  are  changing  into  content  providers, 

OUR REVENUE MODEL
Our revenue generally comes from four streams: (1) licensing; (2) 
professional  services  related  to  installations  and  configuration 
activity; (3) annual support contracts; and (4) managed services.

We generally license our software products on per subscriber or per 
transaction basis. This means that when our customers experience 
growth, we can also expect to benefit from that growth.  Typically, 
there  are  significant  professional  services  revenues  associated 
with each new software installation as well as with upgrades. 

Our  annual  support  contracts  are  generally  priced  as  a  function 
of  the  total  license  fees  paid  by  the  customer.    Thus,  our  annual 
support  contracts  would  also  tend  to  experience  growth  when 
our  customers  experience  growth.    Importantly,  annual  support 
contract revenue tends to be recurring revenue.

Finally,  we  have  been  experiencing  increasing  success  with 
managed service revenue.  Like annual support contracts, managed 
services provides a relatively predictable recurring revenue stream.  
At the same time, our managed service offering provides us with an 
opportunity to maintain a continuous touch point with the customer 
so we can better understand their needs and we have opportunity 
to educate them on our offerings and skills.

Revenue composition

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
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Third party

Managed services

Customization

Support

License & Addl. License

68 | SUBEX LIMITED

FY

‘05

5

0

13

18

64

FY

‘06

9

0

5

19

67

FY

‘07

2

9

6

26

57

FY

‘08

3

8

10

30

49

FY

‘09

1

11

7

25

56

FY

‘10

2

10

7

27

54

FY

‘11

1

14

3

28

54

FY

‘12

0

18

7

18

57

FY

‘13

0

24

8

31

37

FY

‘14

1

27

8

34

30

FY

‘15

4

34

7

30

25

FY

FY

FY

‘16

‘17 ‘18

1

36

8

35

20

1

33

7

32

27

-

33

8

33

26

OUR PRODUCTS
Subex  offers  the  Revenue  Operations  Centre  (ROC®)  Solution 
Suite  for  Business  and  CapEx  Optimisation,  which  has  solutions 
for ‘Risk & Security’ which consists of Digital Revenue Assurance, 
Fraud  Management  and  IoT  &  M2M  Security;  and  for  enhancing 
‘Experience’  through  Customer 
Journey  Analytics,  Customer 
Analytics, and CMO Insights. The platform also provides solutions 
for  helping  enterprises  to  ‘Optimise’  through  Network  Asset 
Management,  Data 
Integrity  Management  and  Capacity 
Management; and also solutions to help CSPs ‘Monetize’ through 
Interconnect  Billing,  and  Digital  Partner  Settlement.    On  top 
of  these  solutions,  Subex  also  enables  CSPs  to  leverage  their 
harvested information to take decision-based actions by providing 
contextual, consumable and actionable business insights through 
advanced analytics. 

All  solutions  come  together  to  help  CSPs  prevent  fraud  losses, 
collect all revenues, reduce defaulted payments, reduce wasteful 
expenditure,  manage  inter-carrier  and  partner  expenses  and 
optimise CapEx.

The  ROC  enables  profitable  service  provider  growth  through 
coordinated operational control.

For  service  providers  that  aim  to  optimise  their  operational 
and  process  infrastructure,  ROC  delivers  Business  and  CapEx 
Optimisation in the most pragmatic manner.

Functions of ROC:

•  Creates  a  direct  linkage  between  operations  and  profitability 
based on credible and timely cross-functional data correlation.

•  Brings  together,  in  a  synergistic  manner,  formally  disparate 

assurance, audit and governance functions.

•  Enables an operations infrastructure that monitors and controls 
the  entire  revenue  chain  and  identifies  risks  to  margins  and 
customer satisfaction.

•  Supports  business  and  operational 

innovation  programs 

because of its end-to-end view.

SUBEX PORTFOLIO

DRIVE NEW BUSINESS MODELS

ENHANCING 
CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE

OPTIMISE ENTERPRISE

CONSULTING & ADVISORY SERVICES

Business 

Operations

Infrastructure 

Revenue 
Intelligence

Customer 
Intelligence

Product 
Intelligence

Partner 
Management

Fraud 
Management

Revenue 
Assurance

Risk 
Intelligence

Interconnect
Settlement

Network Asset
Management

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IoT Security

Capacity Management

ROC+ Platform

Annual Report 2017-18 | 69

 
 
RISK & SECURITY
Digital Revenue Assurance
Subex’s Digital Revenue Assurance is the telecom industry’s first 
revenue  assurance  solution  that  simplifies  RA.  It  helps  telecom 
service  providers  transform  mountains  of  data  from  across 
business platforms/systems into valuable actionable insights that 
aid  revenue  maximisation  processes.  Digital  Revenue  Assurance 
has  pioneered  the  Next  Generation  RA  DNA  (Dynamic  Network 
Analytics)  technology  where  operators  can  quickly  invoke  GUI-
driven  building  blocks  to  rapidly  deploy  extensive  Revenue 
Assurance  and  Enterprise  Business  Process  controls  within  their 
operations.  DNA  is  network  topology  agnostic  and  supports 
revenue management for both traditional communication services 
and  digital  services  offerings.  The  solution  offers  both  pre-built 
set of controls packaged to reduce time of production, as well as 
capabilities  to  support  any  business  process  that  aids  revenue 
management,  automating  and  simplifying  complex  revenue  and 
cost processes. 

Digital Revenue Assurance also offers two path breaking concepts: 
Revenue  Pad  and  Zen.  RevPad  provides  end  to  end  view  of  all 
business  process  related  metrics  that  helps  key  stakeholders 
derive a view of overall system. ZEN is the industry’s first virtual 
analyst  that  assists  operators  in  investigation  and  diagnosis. 
This  enables  material  increase  in  analyst  productivity,  increased 
coverage across revenue checkpoints and reduced time to benefit 
realisation for a service provider and supports Revenue Assurance 
teams to align their successes with broader organizational goals - 
such as higher margins and customer satisfaction.

Fraud Management
The  fraud  management  solution  by  Subex,  is  built  to  increase 
fraud  prevention  in  the  telecom  industry  by  eliminating  known 
frauds,  uncovering  new  fraud  patterns,  minimizing  fraud  run 
time,  augmenting  internal  controls,  and  supporting  continuous 
fraud management process improvements. Subex’s telecom fraud 
management  system  detects  known  fraud  types  and  patterns 
of  unusual  behaviour  helps  investigate  these  unusual  patterns 
for  potential  fraud,  and  uses  the  knowledge,  thus  generated,  to 
upgrade and protect against future intrusions.

The  solution  is  characterized  by  its  unique  architecture  that 
harnesses  the  power  of  proven  rules-based  alarms  and  pattern 
matching driven by advanced statistical techniques. Adding power 
to this hybrid detection system is a set of potent case management 
tools. These tools provide relevant case data that are made easily 
accessible through a single window in a fast web-based GUI.

Subex  Fraud  Management’s  high  flexibility  allows  operators  of 
different  sizes  to  customize  rules  to  suit  unique  network  and 
business requirements. A configurable workflow management tool 
integrates the investigation process with detection.

70 | SUBEX LIMITED

With Subex’s comprehensive fraud management system, operators 
can detect fraud types in all telecom environments: Wireline (PSTN, 
ISP, VoIP), and Wireless (2G, 2.5G, 3G & 4G); and across all services: 
postpaid, Payment, VAS, MMS and M-commerce. 

MONETISE
Partner Settlement
Partner  Settlement  allows  operators  to  quickly  and  accurately 
settle  charges  with  their  network  and  content  partners.  It  helps 
operators improve efficiency through light touch and automation, 
accurate billing and settlement and prudent accrual provisioning. 
Catering  to  the  need  for  visibility  of  each  deal’s  impact  on  an 
operator’s  bottom  line  owing  to  shrinking  margins,  the  solution 
provides strong coverage in all areas from order to cash. It enables 
operators  to  manage  costs  and  revenues  on  interconnect  and 
partner agreements with domestic and international operators as 
well as content partners on a day-to-day and hour-to-hour basis.

New types of complex agreements in areas such as IP and content-
based  services  require  new  system  capabilities  to  ensure  that 
operators  have  accurate  data  available  to  assure  revenues. 
Subex Partner Settlement’s flexibility, scalability and ease of use 
empower all types of service providers, fixed or mobile, national 
incumbent or new entrant. Partner Settlement is a comprehensive 
solution to help Telecom operators with interconnect, content and 
digital  settlements  giving  them  the  edge  needed  to  prosper  in 
today’s market.

Route Optimisation
Route Optimization is designed to provide operators with tools to 
manage  network  cost  information  supplied  by  other  operators. 
Additional analysis on the impact of current operator tariffs as well 
as forecasts on potential future operator tariffs is also featured. The 
system is capable of taking into account factors such as call quality, 
rate  information,  capacity,  and  network  costs  to  arrive  at  the 
optimum choice of operators. The solution ensures that the entire 
end-to-end  processes  from  dial  code/destination  operator  rate 
imports to switch updates are controllable and auditable. It is fully 
supported by a comprehensive list of reports and when generating 
an  optimised  routing  table,  the  system  provides  an  integrated 
management of the routing table changes across multiple business 
functions. Subex Route Optimization solution helps telcos to derive 
the  best  breakouts  and  cost  routes.  The  processes  also  enable 
communication service providers to establish focused efficiency-
increasing task automation, thereby reducing data redundancies.

Subex Secure
Subex IoT security solution monitors and alerts to threats in near 
real-time Internet of Things (IoT) environments. The Subex security 
narrative focuses on the concept of holistic ‘cyber resilience’ from 
asset  and  incident  discovery  and  monitoring  through  response 
and recovery. In addition to its specialized, agentless software for 
heterogeneous IoT environments to extract and analyze data from 

IoT edge sources and apply IDS and SIEM capabilities. It also offers 
SLA-based 24/7 monitoring services via a global network of SOCs, 
honeypots  and  skilled  security  analysts.  Subex  uses  an  agent-
based  model  for  homogeneous  deployments  focused  on  remote 
attestation. 

The Subex IoT security offering is a managed service that primarily 
consists of four distinct technologies:

- an intrusion detection system, 

- a web access firewall, 

- a SIEM and 

- a contextual anomaly detection system

In  addition  to  monitoring  services,  Subex  works  with  clients  to 
develop  customized  incident  response  plans  in  the  event  of  a 
breach.  Through  its  partners,  Subex  also  brings  private  VPN, 
encryption, authentication and secure key storage services to its 
clients.  The  combination  of  Subex’s  native  security  capabilities 
results  in  threat  detection  based  on  signatures,  heuristics  and 
anomaly detection, allowing the Company to identify both known 
and unknown threats. 

In  addition  to  its  capabilities  in  the  telecom  and  consumer/
enterprise IoT space, Subex also offers its IoT security solution for 
industrial  control  systems  and  smart  city  infrastructure  domains. 
This  offering  includes  cascading  policy  controls  across  different 
levels in the ICS environment, role-based access control, privilege 
control and audit trails.

OPTIMISE
Network Asset Management
Network  Asset  Management 
is  a  Telecom  Asset  Lifecycle 
Management solution which provides framework and controls to 
manage network CapEx efficiently. The solution ties the financial 
parameters  of  the  assets  to  its  current  utilization  and  location, 
creating  a  360  degree  view  of  the  asset,  generates  accurate 
reports for audits and calculates return on assets. Bridging the gap 
between  network  and  finance  functions,  Subex  Asset  Assurance 
uses a state-of-the-art network intelligence for:

- Knowing what you have (Knowing what assets you have and its 
utilization).

- Measuring what you have (Setting up controls to monitor assets 
location and utilization).

- Optimising what you have (Asset optimisation leading to CapEx 
and OPEX efficiency).

In  addition,  it  simplifies  field  audits,  provides  near  real-time 
capacity  views,  recommendation  to  optimise  network  utilization 
and  optimises  P2R  (Plan-to-retire)  and  cash-to-cash  cycle  for 
assets and improves overall operational efficiency.

Data Integrity Management
Subex  is  the  pioneer  of  data  integrity  management,  with  over  a 
decade  of  experience  in  data  integrity  transformations  with  the 
world’s  leading  service  providers.  Data  Integrity  Management  is 
the industry’s first solution for improving the quality of data that 
drives key service provider processes, resulting in lower costs and 
higher service profitability. Data Integrity Management combines 
three  powerful  data  integrity  functions:  multi-layer  network  and 
service discovery; data reconciliation; and discrepancy analytics.

Integrity  Management  discovers  network 

Data 
resources, 
identifies them and reconciles them with your OSS/BSS databases 
such as between an inventory management system and an order 
management  system  and  a  billing  system  or  an  asset  tracking 
system  based  on  Service  Provider  business  rules.  Leveraging 
inherent  cross-domain  intelligence  and  extensive  off-the-shelf 
network equipment support, Data Integrity Management discovers 
devices and logical services in diverse network environments and 
reconciles this data with the OSS/BSS on a continuous, controlled 
basis.  The  result  is  consistent,  relevant  data  throughout  service 
provider’s  operations,  enhancing  the  effectiveness  and  value  of 
service fulfillment, service assurance, and billing systems.

Capacity Management
Subex’s Capacity Management solution enables CSPs to prevent an 
availability or performance impact on business-critical applications 
due to capacity issues. Capacity Management provides the critical 
link between network discovery and predictive analytics to identify 
capacity ‘hot-spots’ and predict ‘time-to-exhaustion’. It provides a 
holistic view of capacity through which it helps CSPs see threshold 
violations on key links and resolve capacity issues based on near 
real-time  data.  It  further  engages  analytics  functions  to  provide 
actionable  intelligence  and  predict  scenarios  and  their  impact 
on  network  capacity  which  would  help  CSPs  to  plan  capacity 
investments  accordingly.  This  ensures  removal  of  capacity  issues 
and  ensures  smooth  operation  of  business-critical  applications 
thereby resulting in positive customer experience.

Business Insights
Today, for Communications Service Providers (CSPs), the volume of 
data required to be dealt with is enormous. Being able to store and 
access such volumes of data is only part of the problem for them. In 
order to effectively use the data to improve and optimise business 
processes,  CSPs  need  analytics  &  insights  to  derive  actionable 
intelligence out of it. Many organisations in fact have understood 
the importance of having a Data Analytics strategy and have made 
efforts  towards  harnessing  and  leveraging  the  data  available 
to  them.  Unfortunately,  the  numerous  solutions  which  they  are 
currently using are limited in terms of providing actionable insights 
upon which business decisions can be taken. Due to this, CSPs are 
not able to generate ROI from their Data Analytics solution.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 71

Business  Insights  is  a  unique  approach  to  solving  the  problem 
with data growth. The cornerstone of this offering is to leverage 
big  data  and  generate  nuggets  of  information  –  which  are 
“Consumable”,  “Actionable”  and  “Contextual”.  Based  on  Subex’s 
two decades of B/OSS expertise, telecom domain knowledge and 
telecom analytics experience, the program is built on the pillars of 
“Domain”, “Analytics” and “Technology”.

Subex  Business 
Insights  helps  operators  extract  valuable 
information from data, predict and act upon irregularities, increase 
overall  efficiency  and  effectively  monitor  business  changes  in 
near-real time. Moreover, through the generation of consumable 
and interactive storyboards, Business Insights transcends beyond 
providing  mere  dashboards  to  providing  insights  which  can  be 
consumed  by  executives  across  multiple  levels.  Moreover,  ROC 
Insights ensures costs are kept low by keeping a zero CapEx, only 
OPEX-driven model.

Additionally, the Business Insights service can be used to generate 
insights  only  which  are  relevant  and  required.  Business  Insights 
does  this  by  adopting  a  pay-as-you  go  model,  tailor-made  to 
address  the  challenges  of  today’s  telcos  around  Product,  Risk, 
Customer and Revenue.

Consulting & Assessment Services
While telcos are undergoing transformation and becoming digital 
lifestyle  service  providers,  they  need  trusted  partners  at  the 
operational level in order to make sure they have the right domain, 
technology  and  processes.  Subex  with  its  more  than  25  years  of 
experience in telecom domain, end-to-end experience in defining 
strategy to execution and use of relevant tools that are compliant 
with global forums such as TM Forum and CFCA; is the right partner 
of choice in consulting and assessment services for global telcos.

Subex offers consulting and assessment services in the following 
domains:

•  Maturity assessment: Benchmarking of their revenue assurance 
and  fraud  management  processes  with  respect  to  global 
standards and provide metrics across people skills, processes, 
technology usage and measurement strategies.

•  Business  operations  assessments:  Gap  analysis  of  existing 
processes and provide the roadmap to close these gaps using 
“analyse, evaluate, assess and recommend” framework.

•  Risk  management:  Identify  the  risks  in  the  revenue  chain 
and  plug  leakages  in  a  timely  manner,  through  regular  end 
to  end  assessment  of  the  existing  business  and  revenue 
streams.  Subex’s  custom  framework  is  based  on  a  thorough 
understanding  of  risks,  creating  a  Risk  Control  Matrix  utilizing 
TM Forum standards, and developing comprehensive standard 
operating procedures.

•  Business  process  re-engineering:  Review  of  the  existing 
business  processes  and  then  design  and  implement  the  new 
business process after considering the best industry practices.

72 | SUBEX LIMITED

•  System integration and IT support operations: While migrating 
from  legacy  OSS/BSS  infrastructure  Subex  provides  extensive 
checklists and exhaustive test cases making sure that migration 
cost is reduced. Subex can also help in carrying out customized 
health-check of RA and FM IT operations of telcos.

•  Product and service margin assurance: Assessment of the target 
market and holistic margin and profitability check for the entire 
service and product catalogue.

•  Portfolio optimisation: Optimizing offering portfolio by holistic 
assessment  of  products  and  offerings  considering  subscriber 
base, price points, usage patterns, revenue share and benefit 
comparison with other offerings.

Managed Services
In  an  era  of  intensifying  competition,  demanding  customers, 
shrinking  margins  and  near-flat  top  lines,  it  is  imperative  to 
manage  Business  &  Operations  Support  Systems  (B/OSS) 
effectively. Whether you are a business executive or a functional 
leader,  we  understand  your  challenges  related  to  running  such 
operations.  There  is  a  dearth  of  domain  experts;  Commercial-Of-
The-Shelf  (COTS)  software  products  while  implemented  are  not 
being utilized to their maximum capabilities; there is a continuous 
pressure on managing with limited resources; even though output 
expectations are sky high.

At  Subex,  our  Managed  Services  offerings  are  designed  to  drive 
outcome and protect revenues by enhancing customer experience. 
Pillared on four main aspects i.e. Cost, Quality, Time-to-market and 
Capability, the engagement is aimed to provide rapid ROI, increase 
efficiency  and  in-turn  deliver  maximum  value.  Driven  by  robust 
technology-led  capabilities,  Subex  Managed  Services  offers  a 
variety  of  engagement  models  providing  complete  flexibility  to 
operators based on their business needs.

Subex Managed Services program is designed to add both strategic 
and  tactical  value  to  service  providers’  operations  and  enable 
better customer experience while also enhancing their operational 
efficiency, service agility and profitability. With Subex at the helm 
of its operations, service providers can redirect critical resources 
at  core  business  functions  generating  more  revenue  and  saving 
costs.

Subex understands that no two service provider requirements are 
alike and hence offers the flexibility to pick and choose services 
based on:

• 

• 

Scope  of  Operations:  Ranging  from  standard  operations  to 
large scale transformational programs

BSS  /  OSS  Domains:  Drawing  from  Subex’s  established 
expertise on various BSS / OSS domains

On-Site  Support:  High  caliber,  experienced  resources  to  ensure 
functional continuity and high resource efficiency.

End-to-End Managed Services
This model is perfect for most operators in today’s market as it results 
in the highest performance with the lowest Opex and CapEx.

Subex Managed Services
SMART services leveraging proven technology

Product, Domain and Operation Capabilities

30+ Managed Services programs, over 20 
billion CDRs processed monthly, applications 
running on over 100 servers

Regular industry forum thought leadership 
engagements

Industry pioneering Revenue Operations 
Center (ROC*) Platform

Over 300 ROC implementations at 200+ 
service providers

Automated workflows, future proof roadmap

SM

Subex 
Managed

A

Accountable

Stringent SLAs, innovative Risk-Reward Share 
Model

Robust processes and methodologies

Assured migration up the maturity model

R

T

ROC-Enabled

Tailored

Flexible, bespoke services based on scope of 
operations, BSS domains and stage of 
evolution

More choice based on your requirements and 
budget

Services leveraging proven technology

OUR GLOBAL CUSTOMER BASE 
Subex  today  serves  over  300  installations  spread  across  90+ 
countries.  This  includes  3/4th  of  the  largest  50  CSPs  globally.  A 
partial list of customers is given below:

APAC – Aircel, Astro, Airtel, Bakrie Telecom, CAT, Celcom, DTAC, DST 
Brunei,  Idea  Cellular,  Indosat  Ooredoo,  Maxis,  MTS,  Ncell,  Optus, 
Packet  One,  PLDT,  Reliance  Communications,  Reliance  Jio,  Robi 
Axiata,  Starhub,  Singtel,  Smartfren,  Tata  Communications,  Tata 
Teleservices, Telenor Myanmar, Teletalk, Telstra, Telkom Indonesia, 
True Move, Telenor India, Vinaphone, Vodafone India.

Americas-    Alaska  Communications,  America  Movil  AT&T,  BTC 
Bahamas, , Cincinnati Bell Wireless, Claro Argentina, Claro Brazil, 
Claro  Colombia,  Claro  Dominican  Republic,  Claro  Peru,  Claro 
Puerto Rico, Comcast Cable, Cricket Communications, Century Link, 

Hawaiian  Telcom,  Etecsa,  Entel  Bolivia,  Liberty  Global,  Movistar 
Chile, Movistar Colombia, Movistar Mexico, Movistar Peru, Nextel 
Brazil, Nextel Chile, ICE, Telcel, Telmex, Telus, T Mobile, Verizon.

EMEA- Airtel, Almadar, AST Communications, Atalntique Telecom,  
Azercell, ALB Telecom Batelco, Bezeq International, BTC Botswana, 
BT, Cell C, Colt, Coolwave, Cyta, Du,  Econet, Elisa, Ethio Telecom, 
Etisalat  UAE,  Etisalat  Nigeria,  Geocell,  Glo,  Go  Malta,  Interoute, 
INWI, Jawwal, K Cell, Level 3, Liberty Global, Life, Mascom, Melita 
Cable,  Mobily,  Moldcell,  Monaco  Telecom,  Omantel,  Ooredoo 
Algerie, Ooredoo Kuwait, Ooredoo Tunisia,  Ooredoo Qatar, Orange 
Mali,  Orascom  Algeria,  Paltel,  Polkomtel,  Sabafon,  Sonatel,  STC, 
Swisscom, Talk Talk,  Telcom Egypt, Telecom Romania, Telefonica, 
Telekom,  Slovenjie,  Telenor,  Telia  Company,  Teo,  Tunise  Telecom, 
Turk Telecom, Ucell, Viva, Vodafone Ireland, Vodafone Turkey, Zain.

 The chart below illustrates the geographical mix of customer base: 

Geographical Mix (PERCENTAGE)

EMEA

AMERICAS

APAC

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

o

33

16

14

21

8

37

40

35

55

50

26

53

44

51

17

17

20

23

20

22

24

19

21

19

20

63

57

57

57

61

FY09

FY10

FY11

FY12

FY13

FY14

FY15

FY16

FY17

FY18

Annual Report 2017-18 | 73

GLOBAL COMMUNICATION SERVICES INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

The global number of mobile subscribers at the end of 2017 stood 
at 5 million, equivalent to 66% of the world’s population. In 2017, 
mobile  technologies  and  services  generated  4.5%  of  the  global 
GDP,  a  contribution  that  amounted  to  US$3.6  trillion  (economic 
value-added).  In  2017,  the  wider  mobile  ecosystem  supported 
29  million  jobs  directly  and  indirectly  and  made  a  substantial 
contribution  to  the  funding  of  the  public  sector,  with  ~US$500 
billion raised through general taxation and US$25 billion through 
mobile spectrum auctions. Migration to smartphones that operate 

on high-speed mobile networks, coupled with increasing consumer 
propensity to engage with the digital world, is driving mobile data 
traffic up across all regions. The number of connections excluding 
cellular  IoT  totaled  7.8  billion  globally  in  2017  and  is  pegged  to 
reach 9 billion by 2025, taking the SIM ownership ratio to 1.5. In 
developing  countries,  the  SIM  ownership  ratio  is  often  higher, 
especially  in  Sub-Saharan  Africa  (1.7),  where  many  consumers 
use multiple SIMs from different mobile operators, often through 
dual-SIM handsets, to make use of the best network coverage and 
call quality in certain locations. (Source: GSMA) 

GLOBAL 
UNIQUE 
SUBSCRIBERS

2017

5.0

billion

2025

5.9

billion

PENETRATION RATE

GLOBAL CONNECTIONS

(Excluding M2M)

2017

66%

2025

71%

7.8bn
2017
103%
PENETRATION RATE

9.0bn

2025

110%
PENETRATION RATE

5
8

2
7

MOBILE INTERNET USERS 

T
E
N
R
E
T
N

I
E
L
I
B
O
M

I

S
R
E
B
R
C
S
B
U
S

SUBSCRIBER AND 
MOBILE INTERNET 
PENETRATION BY 
REGION 2017

4
8

3
7

0
8

2
5

2
6

6
3

7
6

0
5

4
4

1
2

7
6

1
4

FIGURES IN PER CENT

2017

3.3bn
5.0bn

2025

MOBILE OPERATOR CAPEX

INTERNET OF THINGS

$479bn

2018

Capex (cumulative)

2020

2017

Total connections

7.5bn
25.1bn

2025

% of connections* 

4G
29%

2017

53%

2025

5G
1.2bn

2025

14%

of connections* 
*Excluding cellular IoT

Outlook
The  number  of  unique  mobile  subscribers  will  reach  5.9  billion 
by  2025,  equivalent  to  71%  of  the  world’s  population.  By  2022, 
contribution of mobile technologies and services will reach US$4.6 
trillion, or 5% of the global GDP, as countries increasingly benefit 
from the improvements in productivity and efficiency brought about 
by an increased take-up of mobile services and mobile-to-mobile 
solutions.  The  more  significant  growth  opportunity  will  lie  in  the 
domain of mobile internet – a market that will add 1.75 billion new 
users over the next eight years, reaching a milestone of 5 billion 
mobile internet users by 2025. In 2019, 4G will become the leading 
mobile network technology worldwide by number of connections 

(>3  billion)  –  another  major  milestone  for  the  mobile  industry, 
about a decade since the launch of early 4G commercial services. 
Meanwhile, the mobile industry continues to make progress with 
5G, including successful trials around the globe and the approval 
of  non-standalone  5G  radio  specifications  in  December  2017.  A 
number of mobile 5G commercial launches are expected over the 
next three years in North America and major markets across Asia 
and Europe. China, the US and Japan will be the leading countries 
in terms of 5G connection deployment in 2025, while Europe as a 
whole will continue to make progress as well. In total, these four 
economies will account for >70% of the 1.2 billion 5G connections 
expected  to  be  installed  globally  by  end-2025.  By  2025,  mobile 

74 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
internet penetration will reach 61% of the global population and 
account with 86% of them being unique subscribers. Most of these 
new  mobile  internet  users  will  hail  from  China  (~350  million), 
India  (~330  million)  and  Sub-Saharan  Africa  (~280  million).  By 
2025, two-thirds of all mobile connections (excluding cellular IoT) 
across  the  world  will  operate  on  high-speed  networks,  with  4G 
accounting for 53% of total mobile SIMs and 5G, 14%. To support 
migration and drive engagement, operators will have to invest a 
sum  of  US$0.5  trillion  in  mobile  capex  between  2018  and  2020. 
(Source: GSMA)

Internet of things (IoT)
IoT connections include cellular and non-cellular connections. At 
the end of 2017, there were 30 commercial deployments of LTE-M 
and  NB-IoT  in  20  countries,  including  the  US,  China  and  several 
nations across Europe. While IoT is rapidly becoming a mainstream 
technology in consumer markets such as consumer electronics and 
smart homes, the industrial IoT segment is still in its infancy. The 
number of smartphone users is forecast to grow from 2.1 billion in 
2016  to  ~2.5  billion  in  2019,  with  smartphone  penetration  rates 
increasing as well. ~36% of the world’s population is projected to 
use a smartphone by end-2018, up from ~10% in 2011. With this 
increase  in  the  smartphone  and  internet  users,  the  popularity  of 
4G has increased as well. The number of IoT connections (cellular 
and  non-cellular)  will  increase  more  than  threefold  worldwide 
between  2017  and  2025,  reaching  25  billion.  By  2025,  licensed 
cellular  IoT  connections  will  reach  3.1  billion  worldwide,  or  12% 
of the total IoT connections. As emerging technologies (AI, IoT and 
advanced data analytics) converge, 5G could play an enabling role 
in realising their full potential. For example, IoT will require both 
more  pervasive  intelligence  and  a  ubiquitous  connectivity  layer 
to  allow  devices  to  communicate  and  support  the  on-demand 
availability  of  data  analytics.  Globally,  the  industrial  connections 
base will overtake consumer IoT connections by 2023. IoT security 
spending will increase by 73% to reach US$195 billion 2019 from 
US$113 billion in 2015 and is predicted to grow at an even faster 
rate after 2020. (Source: GSMA)

Growth drivers

• 

Funding and innovations: Over the last five years, IoT startups 
are  increasingly  being  backed  by  private  investors.  Some  of 
these companies are also adopting a horizontal business model 
by  establishing  their  presence  across  multiple  sectors  and 
segments of the IoT value chain. More and more companies 
are  commercialising  mobile  IoT  modules  for  both  LTE-M  and 
NB-IoT,  typically  supported  by  software  development  kits. 
Some  mobile  operators  and  equipment  vendors  are  also 
establishing open labs to help solution developers test new 
concepts and certify products.

• 

• 

• 

• 

Development in connectivity: While the majority of IoT devices 
– typically in indoor environments – will likely be connected 
by  radio  technologies  designed  for  short-range  connectivity 
(such  as  Wi-Fi,  Z-Wave  and  Zigbee),  other  IoT  devices  that 
require wide-area network coverage, coverage on the move, 
lower  latency  and  ultra-reliability  will  likely  be  primarily 
connected by cellular networks using licensed spectrum. 

Proliferation across verticals: The number of IoT connections 
(cellular and non-cellular) will increase more than threefold 
worldwide between 2017 and 2025, driven by rising adoption 
of  smart  solutions  in  buildings  (heating,  air  conditioning, 
security,  lighting  and  automation),  utilities  (energy,  water 
and gas, smart metering and smart grid) and manufacturing 
(inventory  tracking,  monitoring  and  diagnostics,  warehouse 
management). 

Smart cities: Smart city initiatives are on the rise across major 
metropolitan  areas  in  the  US,  China,  Singapore,  India,  Qatar 
and the UAE. 

Smart  homes:  Smart  homes  are  increasingly  becoming  a 
platform  for  a  suite  of  digital  services,  applications  and 
devices, and will be the largest source of growth within the 
consumer  segment,  driven  by  their  increased  demand  in 
areas  such  as  home  security,  energy  usage  monitoring,  and 
infrastructure (routers and extenders). 

RISKS AND CONCERNS
As our investor, you already understand that risks are part of any 
business.  It  is  not  possible  to  detail  every  risk  to  the  business. 
But,  we  wanted  to  provide  some  information  on  certain  risks 
including:  (a)  reduction  in  consumer  and  business  purchasing; 
(b)  consolidation  in  our  customer  base;  (c)  dependence  on 
communications  service  providers  as  our  major  customers;  (d) 
security;  (e)  improper  disclosure  of  personal  data  could  result 
in  liability  and  harm  to  our  reputation;  (f)  Technology  changes 
and  obsolescence  may  impact  our  business;  (g)  recruiting  and 
retention  of  personnel  is  challenging;  (h)  adequately  protecting 
our  intellectual  property  may  not  be  possible;  (i)  allegations  of 
infringement  of  third  party  intellectual  property  poses  risks;  (j) 
variability  of  our  quarterly  operating  results  makes  comparisons 
difficult; (k) non-compliance with statutory obligations may result 
in  fines  and  penalties;  (l)  non-compliance  with  environmental 
regulations may lead to fines and penalties; (m) foreign exchange 
fluctuations may lead to variability in our revenue; (n) SEZ related 
taxation benefits may be uncertain; (o) failure to fulfill contractual 
obligation may lead to claims; and (p) debt obligations. Below, we 
will discuss each of these risk factors in some more detail. There 
are, of course, additional risks faced by us.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 75

Reduction in Consumer and Business Purchasing
We  depend  on  our  customers  –  primarily  large  communication 
service providers (“CSPs”). If our primary customers face reduced 
revenue,  we  will  also  face  reduced  revenue.  CSPs  primary 
customers  are  consumers  and  businesses.  Of  course,  reductions 
in  spending  by  consumers  or  businesses  will  reduce  revenue  of 
CSPs. And, this will result in decreased spending by the CSPs which 
means reduced revenue for us.

Consolidation in our customer base
CSPs  have  gone 
through  considerable  consolidation.  The 
consolidation,  or  merger,  of  one  CSP  with  another  can  have  at 
least  three  impacts  on  us.  First,  it  will  simply  reduce  the  overall 
size  of  the  market;  each  consolidation  effectively  reduces  the 
number  of  potential  customers  for  our  products.  Secondly,  it  can 
and does happen that one of our existing customers can undergo 
a consolidation. In that event, the other party to the consolidation 
may  have  already  have  competing  products  and  the  combined 
Company may choose to continue with the use of the competing 
product rather than use our product/ services. Of course, it can also 
happen that the two companies as one choose to use our products. 
While  the  consolidation  of  two  customers  will  not  necessarily 
reduce our revenue by half, it certainly has an adverse effect on 
our  revenue  as  the  combined  Company  attempts  to  reduce  their 
consolidated spending. Thirdly, larger customers simply have more 
negotiating power leading to reduced prices for our products. The 
Company strives to have a deep penetration within the accounts 
that it serves so as to provide an edge over competitors and be a 
preferred choice during such consolidations.

Dependence  on  the  Communications  Service  Providers  as  our 
major customers
We  mentioned  above  our  customers  are  primarily  CSPs.  We  are 
fully dependent on CSPs as our major customer base. As a result, 
we are fully susceptible to any downturns or negative changes in 
the CSP industry.

is,  perhaps,  especially  true 

Security
You  must  be  well  aware  that  security  threats  are  prevalent 
in  the 
everywhere  today.  This 
technology 
industry  where  we  participate.  The  security 
vulnerabilities  take  many  forms.  Hackers  may  attempt  to 
compromise  computer  systems  and  networks.  Fraudsters  may 
attempt to steal the identity of our personnel to gain access to our 
computer  systems,  networks  and  even  banking  systems.  Terror 
activity could have an adverse impact on our business. We may fail 
to adequately design our products leaving our customers exposed 
to hacking and other network vulnerabilities. Perhaps this concern 
– of failure to adequately design our products leading to exposure 
of our customer’s information is one of the largest concerns. If one 
of  our  customers  faced  a  security  breach  allegedly  as  a  result  of 

76 | SUBEX LIMITED

use of our products, it would cause significant reputational risk to 
us and may lead to claims against us.

We  devote  significant  resources  to  mitigate  security  threats 
including  threats  to  our  internal  IT  systems,  with  respect  to  our 
products  and  with  respect  to  physical  security  of  our  buildings. 
But,  there  cannot  be  any  guarantee  that  these  efforts  will  avoid 
security breaches.

Improper disclosure of personal data could result in liability and 
harm our reputation
You are probably aware of the global trend toward more sensitivity 
regarding improper disclosure of personal data. This global trend 
has  a  number  of  impacts  on  us.  There  are  additional  laws  and 
regulations in many jurisdictions. This not only leads to increased 
administrative  costs  of  compliance  and  increased  difficulties  in 
doing business but violations of these laws and regulations involve 
higher and higher fines and penalties. At the same time, we are 
storing and processing increasingly large amounts of personal data 
which leads to increased potential exposure.

We take what we consider to be appropriate steps to provide for 
the security and protection of all data including personal data. But, 
despite these efforts, it is possible our practices may not prevent 
the  improper  disclosure  of  personal  data.  Improper  disclosure  of 
this information could harm our reputation, lead to legal exposure, 
lead  to  claims  against  us  by  customers  including  claims  for 
indemnification  or  subject  us  to  liability  under  laws  that  protect 
personal data, resulting in increased costs or loss of revenue.

It  is  important  to  note  that  our  potential  liability  for  customer 
financial  damages  associated  with  losses  of  personal  data  is 
generally not limited by limitation of liability provisions in customer 
contracts.

In addition to risks related to improper disclosure of personal data, 
new laws and regulations are being implemented. One significant 
new regulation is the European General Data Protection Regulation 
(“GDPR”)  which  goes  into  full  effect  in  May  2018.  Compliance 
efforts  related  to  these  laws  and  regulations  is  significant  and 
could be a distraction from other activities. Further, even without 
any actual improper disclosure of personal data, non-compliance 
could result in large fines. Still further, customer focus on these laws 
and regulations could delay or jeopardize sales and installations of 
Subex products.

Technology changes and obsolescence may impact our business
We  experience  rapid  technological  changes  which  could  make 
our  technology  and  services  obsolete,  less  marketable  or  less 
competitive.  These  changes  result  in  our  need  to  continually 
improve the features, functionality, reliability and capability of our 
products which poses development challenges and expenses. We 
may not be able to adapt to these changes successfully or in a cost-

effective way which may adversely affect our ability to compete 
and retain customers or market share.

While  the  rapid  technological  changes  require  us  to  change  our 
products,  launching  new  products  is  also  a  key  element  of  our 
growth. An inability to bring new products with high demand to the 
market in a timely manner will reduce our growth and profitability.

We make strong efforts to put in place processes and methodologies 
to  address  these  issues  and  to  turn  it  into  a  strategic  advantage 
by being in the forefront of technological evolution. For example, 
regular  skill  upgradation  programs  and  training  sessions  that 
include  attending  global  conferences  and  employing  specialized 
consultants etc. are undertaken.

Recruiting and Retention of Personnel is challenging
The  retention  of  personnel  generally  and,  in  particular,  skilled 
software  personnel  is  a  major  risk  we  face.  To  assist  with  our 
recruiting  and  retention  efforts,  we  attempt  to  put  in  place  an 
empowering  atmosphere  with  opportunity  for  growth,  extensive 
mentoring  and  career  counseling,  and  the  opportunity  to  work 
in  cutting  edge  and  challenging  technologies.  Nonetheless,  a 
competitive environment for personnel with the skills we require 
poses risks and challenges.

Adequately  Protecting  Our  Intellectual  Property  may  not  be 
possible
We  operate  in  a  global  environment,  protecting  our  proprietary 
technology  in  the  many  different  jurisdictions  we  operate  in  is 
challenging. We depend on a combination of technical innovations, 
as  well  as  copyrights  and  trade  secrets  for  protection  of  our 
technology. We also maintain patent and trademark protection as 
we  deem  appropriate.  But,  some  jurisdictions  have  limited  laws 
protecting  technologies.  Other  jurisdictions,  even  if  they  have 
laws,  have  limited  or  difficult  enforcement  systems.  And,  even 
in  jurisdictions  with  adequate  laws  and  enforcement  systems, 
detection of infringement of our rights may be difficult and, even 
if detected, engaging in litigation to enforce our rights would be 
expensive.

Departure  of  our  personnel,  especially  to  a  competitor,  is  a 
particular  risk  to  our  technology  and 
intellectual  property 
rights.  We  generally  require  all  employees  and  advisors  to  sign 
agreements  which  require  that  our  information  is  maintained  as 
confidential  during  and  after  employment.  These  agreements 
also  assign  or  otherwise  vest  rights  in  the  intellectual  property 
developed by these employees and advisors in the Company. Even 
so, these agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of our 
information or effectively assign rights to us. Further, detection of 
violation of these agreements may be difficult and it may be difficult 
to enforce these agreements even when violations are detected. 
You will understand that any exposure of our information by former 

employees  or  any  failure  to  adequately  have  rights  assigned  to 
us, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial 
condition and results of operations.

Allegations of Infringement of Third Party Intellectual Property 
poses Risks
We  may  face  claims  by  third  parties  that  our  products  infringe 
on  their  intellectual  property  rights.  Whether  or  not  we  prevail 
in  any  intellectual  property  dispute,  defending  the  dispute  may 
be  expensive,  it  may  distract  our  management  and  other  key 
personnel  and  its  outcome  is  uncertain.  Further,  if  any  of  our 
products  are  found  to  infringe  the  intellectual  property  rights  of 
others, or if we settle a claim in an adverse manner, it may restrict 
or  prohibit  further  development,  manufacture  and  sale  of  our 
products. And, a loss or adverse settlement may require us to pay 
substantial  damages.  We  may  also  be  forced  to  seek  licences  to 
continue to use the intellectual property. These licences may not 
be available on commercially acceptable terms or at all.

Furthermore, we are required to indemnify our customers against 
third-party claims of infringement of intellectual property arising 
out of customers’ use of our products and services. Typically, our 
liability  for  such  indemnification  is  not  limited  by  limitation  of 
liability provisions in customer contracts.

Further,  we  are  often  in  possession  of  proprietary  information  of 
our customers. This information may be wrongly used or disclosed 
or  may  be  misappropriated  by  employees  of  the  Company  or 
others. This would result in a breach of our contractual obligations 
to our customers. Any such breach may subject us to a significant 
claim  from  the  customer  for  damages  and  may  also  significantly 
damage our reputation.

The Company has a consistent program of requiring NDAs before 
disclosure  of  Company  trade  secrets/confidential  information  to 
third parties. Employees must sign confidentiality terms as part of 
employment.

Allegations  of  infringement  of  third  party  intellectual  property 
rights,  against  us  or  our  customers  with  respect  to  our  products, 
or any allegation of breach of our confidentiality obligations to our 
customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial condition and results of operations.

Variability of Our Quarterly Operating Results Makes Comparisons 
Difficult
Our  quarterly  operating  results  have  varied  in  the  past  due  to 
reasons  like  seasonal  pattern  of  hardware  and  software  capital 
investment 
spending  by  customers, 
trends,  achievement  of  milestones  in  the  execution  of  projects, 
hiring  of  additional  staff  and  timing  and  integration  of  acquired 
businesses.  Hence,  the  past  operating  results  and  period  to 
period  comparisons  may  not  indicate  future  performance.  Our 

information  technology 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 77

management is attempting to mitigate this risk through expansion 
of  our  client  base  geographically  and  increasing  steady  annuity 
revenue such as through managed services.

Non-compliance  with  statutory  obligations  may  result  in  fines 
and penalties
We  face  certain  statutory  obligations.  Some  of  these  obligations 
arise from the fact that we have registered with Special Economic 
Zone  for  software  development  activities  and  have  availed 
Customs Duties, Sales Tax and Central Excise exemptions. The non-
fulfillment  of  export  obligations  or  other  non-compliance  with 
statutory obligations may result in penalties as stipulated by the 
Government  and  this  may  have  an  impact  on  future  profitability. 
The Company has team of in-house attorneys and engages outside 
counsel/consultants on an as-needed basis in India and the U.S. 
An  ongoing  monitoring  mechanism  has  been  established  with 
respect to applicable laws.

Non-compliance  with  Environmental  Regulations  may  lead  to 
fines and Penalties
Software development, being generally a pollution free industry, 
means we are not subject to significant environmental regulations. 
Nonetheless,  non-compliance  with  applicable  environment 
regulations  may  lead  to  significant  fines  and  penalties.  We  do 
adhere to the guidelines for disposing of E-wastes as stipulated by 

Debt Obligations 
The details of the FCCB’s of the Company are summarized below:

the E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules.

Foreign  Exchange  Fluctuations  May  Lead  to  Variability  in  Our 
Revenue
We  have  substantial  exposure  to  foreign  exchange  related  risks 
on  account  of  revenue  from  export  of  software  and  outstanding 
liabilities. There is a natural hedge to the extent of expense incurred 
in  same  currency.  Despite  this,  particularly  given  the  volatility  in 
the foreign exchange market, there could be significant variations.

SEZ related taxation benefits may be uncertain
We  in  India  operate  out  of  Special  Economic  Zone  (“SEZ”).  SEZ 
units  currently  avail  various  tax  benefits.  While  tax  protection  is 
expected to continue under the GST regime, there is a significant 
amount  of  uncertainty  around  its  impact  on  SEZ  units.  This  could 
potentially lead to incidence of higher tax.

Failure to Fulfill Contractual Obligation May Lead to Claims
We enter into contracts with our customers in the ordinary course of 
business under which we are obligated to perform and act according 
to  the  contractual  terms.  Any  failure  to  fulfill  these  contractual 
obligations may expose us to financial, reputational and other risks.

Our management believes it has taken sufficient measures to assure it 
meets its customer contractual obligations. Nonetheless, there cannot 
be any assurance that a customer will not allege a breach by us of our 
obligations.

Particulars

Issue of FCCB I on March 08, 2007
Restructuring of bonds during 2009-10
Discount @ 30%
Balance as on November 02, 2009
Conversion to equity in 2009-10 and 2010-11
Balance March 31, 2011
Restructuring of bonds during 2012-13
Premium 
Balance on July 06,  2012
Mandatory conversion to equity shares on July 17, 2012
Balance after mandatory conversion
Conversion to equity up to March 31, 2016
Balance as on March 31, 2016
Conversion during 2016-17
Redemption on March 06, 2017
Balance as on March 31, 2017
Redemption on July 07, 2017
Balance as on March 31, 2018

 US$ 180,000,000 
2.00% coupon 
convertible bonds 
"FCCB I" 
 180.00 
 (141.00)
- 
 39.00 
- 
 39.00 
 (38.00)
- 
 1.00 
- 
 1.00 
- 
 1.00 
- 
 (1.00)
 -    
-
Nil

As on March 31, 2018, the Company did not have any outstanding FCCB’s.

78 | SUBEX LIMITED

 US$ 98,700,000 
5.00% convertible 
unsecured bonds 
"FCCB II"   
- 
 141.00 
 (42.30)
 98.70 
 (43.90)
 54.80
 (53.40)
- 
 1.40
-
 1.40 
- 
 1.40 
 -
 (1.40)
 -    
-
Nil

(amount in US$ million)

 US$ 127,721,000 
5.70% secured 
convertible bonds 
"FCCB III" 
-
 -
 -
 -
 -
 -
 91.40 
 36.32 
 127.72 
 (36.32)
 91.40 
 (86.85)
 4.55 
 (0.95)
- 
 3.60 
(3.60)
Nil

INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND THEIR ADEQUACY
In  accordance  with  the  provision  of  Section  134(5)  of  the 

The Internal Auditors monitor and evaluate the efficacy and 

adequacy  of  internal  control  systems  in  the  Company,  its 

Companies Act, 2013, and as per the provisions of the SEBI 

compliance with operating systems, accounting procedures 

(LODR),  Regulations,  2015,  the  Company  has  an  Internal 

and  policies  at  all  locations  of  the  Company  and  its 

Control  System,  commensurate  with  the  size,  scale  and 

subsidiaries. Based on the report of Internal Auditors, process 

complexity of its operations.

Such internal financial controls were found to be adequate 

for a Company of this size. The controls are largely operating 

effectively  since  there  has  not  been  identification  of  any 

owners  undertake  corrective  action  in  their  respective 

areas and thereby strengthen the controls. Significant audit 

observations  and  corrective  actions  thereon  are  presented 

to the Audit Committee of the Board.

material  weakness  in  the  Company.  The  Directors  have  in 

Subex  is  certified  for  ISO  9001:2008  (Quality  Management 

the Directors Responsibility Statement under paragraph (e) 

System)  and 

ISO  27001:2013 

(Information  Security 

confirmed the same to this effect. The Company has policies 

Management  System). 

Internal  audits  are  conducted 

and  procedures  in  place  for  ensuring  proper  and  efficient 

periodically for projects and support functions to adhere to 

conduct  of  its  business,  the  safeguarding  of  its  assets,  the 

these  international  standards.  These  audits  are  conducted 

prevention and detection of frauds and errors, the accuracy 

across Bengaluru, UK and US locations to ensure processes 

and  completeness  of  the  accounting  records  and  timely 

are  followed  to  provide  a  better  customer  experience. 

preparations,  reliable  financial  information.  The  Company 

Summary  of  the  audits  are  shared  across  organization  to 

has adopted accounting policies which are in line with Indian 

help  understand  strengths  and  weaknesses  in  the  system. 

Accounting Standards(“IndAS”).

Pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  Section  134(5)(f)  of  the 

Act,  the  Company  during  the  year  devised  proper  systems 

to  ensure  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  all  applicable 

People  involvement  in  organization  process  initiatives  is 

one  that  approaches  towards  achieving  better  compliance, 

standardizing  activities  to  consistently  achieve  better 

customer satisfaction.

laws.  Each  department  of  the  organization  ensured  that 

This  year,  the  emphasis  was  more  towards  information 

it  had  complied  with  the  applicable  laws  and  furnished  its 

security  including  the  privacy  aspects  of  customer  data 

report to the Head of department who then along with the 

where  applicable.  Focused  effort  on  data  privacy,  align 

Chief  Financial  Officer  discussed  on  the  compliance  status 

with  customer’s  strategy  towards  compliance  to  Global 

of  the  department.  Any  matter  that  required  attention 

Data  Privacy  Regulations  (GDPR). 

Information  security 

was  immediately  dealt  with.  The  Chief  Financial  Officer 

practices  is  the  base  to  implement  privacy,  organization 

reported  to  the  Audit  Committee  and  the  Board  on  the 

and technological measures in terms of physical and logical 

overall  compliance  status  of  the  Company.  In  effect,  such 

access  controls  are  built  in  to  the  system.  Awareness  to 

compliance  system  was  largely  found  to  be  adequate  and 

employees on the work environment and best practices are 

operating  effectively.  The  Directors  have  in  the  Directors 

imparted through trainings periodically.

Responsibility Statement under paragraph (f) also confirmed 

the same to this effect.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 79

DISCUSSION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE WITH RESPECT TO OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE 
Key Financials and Ratio Analysis 

Financial Highlights/Year Ending March 31st 

Revenue from operations

Total Income

Earnings Before Interest, Exceptional Items & Taxes (EBIT)

Profit/(Loss) before Exceptional items & tax

Exceptional Items

Profit/(Loss) before tax

Tax expenses

Profit/ (Loss) after tax

Other comprehensive income

Equity dividend %

Share Capital

Reserves & Surplus

Net worth

Gross Property, Plant & equipment and intangible assets

Net Property, Plant & equipment and intangible assets

Total Assets

Key Indicators

Earnings per Share (Year end)

Debt (including Working capital)  Equity-%

EBITDA / Sales - %

Net Profit Margin - %

Return on year end Net Worth %

Return on year end capital employed % (EBIT/ Capital Employed)

 (H in Lakhs)

2018

2017

Consolidated
32,432

Standalone
17,993

Consolidated
35,733

Standalone
32,441

32,572

18,096

36,887

33,694

2,996

2,275

1,166

3,441

1,373

2,068

(240)

Nil

56,200

21,745

77,945

2,137

719

314

(200)

389

189

157

32

(8)

Nil

56,200

18,034

74,234

6,287

5,624

9,505

7,528

(10,890)

(3,362)

961

4,323

(1,376)

Nil

50,691

17,718

68,409

1,832

923

5,451

4,162

(4,591)

(429)

254

(683)

(33)

Nil

50,691

13,035

63,726

1,015

482

89,768

75,148

95,669

   92,463

2018

2017

Consolidated

Standalone

Consolidated

Standalone

0.37

0.15

10.83

6.38

2.35

3.84

0.01

0.01

5.65

0.17

0.03

0.42

(0.85)

0.40

27.99

(12.10)

(8.33)

13.89

(0.13)

0.45

17.65

(2.11)

(1.12)

8.55

COMMENTARY ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Share Capital
During  2016-17,  the  Company  issued  4,096,290  equity  shares 
towards consideration other than cash upon conversion of FCCBs 
of  principal  amount  of  US$  950,000  out  of  its  US$  127,721,000 
5.70%  Secured  Convertible  Bonds,  in  accordance  with  the  terms 
and conditions thereof.

Other Equity
Foreign Currency Translation  Reserve
During  the  year  2017-18,  the  Company  has  completed  the 
liquidiation of its subsidiary viz. Subex Technologies Inc., USA and 
accordingly  the  balance  of  foreign  currency  translation  reserve 
amounting  to  H1,166  Lakhs  has  been  credited  to  profit  and  loss 
account.

During  2017-18,  the  Company  allotted  55,094,999  equity  shares 
on  a  preferential  basis  at  H14  per  share  to  QVT  Singapore  Fund 
Pte. Ltd, Tonbridge (Mauritius) Ltd and Leeds (Mauritius) Ltd (Non-
Promoters).

Balance  of  Foreign  Currency  Translation  Reserve,  arising  on 
consolidation  of  foreign  subsidiaries,  of  H11,821  Lakhs  has  been 
included in the Reserves and Surplus.

80 | SUBEX LIMITED

Securities Premium
Securities Premium Account includes the premium collected on:

• 

• 

4,096,290  equity  shares  that  were  allotted  during  the  year 
2016-17 at a premium of H3/- per share on conversion of 0.95 
Million FCCB III Bonds.

55,094,999 equity shares that were allotted during the year 
2017-18  at  a  premium  of  H4/-  per  share.  The  shares  were 
allotted to Non-Promoters, on preferential basis.

Capital Reserve
Pursuant  to  restructuring,  the  difference  of  H2,776  between  net 
assets transferred from the Company to Subex Assurance LLP and 
Subex Digital LLP and capital contribution made by the Company 
has  been  recognized  as  Capital  reserve  in  the  books  of  the 
Company.  (Refer  note  31  of  standalone  financial  statements  for 
further details)

Employee Stock Options
In  accordance  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India 
(Share  Based  Employee  Benefits)  Regulations,  2014  [previously 
known  as  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (Employee 
Stock  Option  Scheme  and  Employee  Stock  Purchase  Scheme) 
Guidelines,  1999],  the  Company  amortizes  the  excess  of  market 
price of the underlying equity shares as on the date of the grant 
of the option over the exercise price of the option, to be adjusted 
over  the  period  of  vesting.  The  net  amount  carried  in  respect  of 
stock options outstanding at March 31, 2018 amounts to H1 Lakh 
(Previous Year: H6 Lakhs).

Short Term Borrowings
As at March 31, 2018, the Company has an outstanding balance of 
short term borrowings from Axis Bank amounting to H3,215 Lakhs 
(Previous  Year:  H5,216  Lakhs  from  Axis  Bank  and  H3,374  Lakhs 
from SBI) on a consolidated basis and & H Nil (Previous Year: H8,590 
Lakhs) on a standalone basis.

Balance  of  loan  outstanding  to  SBI  bank  was  repaid  on  October 
25,  2017,  and  accordingly,  the  corporate  guarantee  by  Subex 
Technologies  Limited  and  Subex  (UK)  Limited  and  100%  shares 
pledged of Subex (UK) Limited have been released.

Pursuant  to  the  restructuring  of  the  Company,  balance  of  loan 
outstanding  from  Axis  bank  was  transferred  to  Subex  Assurance 
LLP.  This  loan  has  been  secured  by  primary  charge  on  customers 
receivables and the current assets of SA LLP and collateral  charge 
on  the  fixed  assets  of  SA  LLP.  The  Company  has  also  given  a 
corporate  guarantee  to  the  lenders  of  SA  LLP  for  the  purpose  of 
availing such working capital loan facilities.

Long Term Borrowings (including current maturities)
Current maturities of long term debt as at March 31, 2018 consists of:

a.  On  June  30,  2017,  the  Company  redeemed  outstanding 
FCCBs  III  amounting  to  US$  3.60  Million  (H2,336  Lakhs)  and 
paid accrued interest of US$ 0.1 Million ( H67 Lakhs) on the 
aforesaid  bonds.  On  July  06,  2017,  the  deferred  interest  in 
respect  of  aforesaid  bonds  for  the  period  July  06,  2012  to 
January 06, 2016 amounting to US$ 0.72 Million ( H467 Lakhs) 
has been paid. As at March 31, 2018, there are no outstanding 
FCCBs and related interest [March 31, 2017 US $ 3.60 Million 
(H2,336 Lakhs)].

b.  During the quarter ended June 30, 2017, Subex Americas Inc., 
has repaid the term loan of US$ 12 Million (H7,782 Lakhs) to 
the respective lenders on May 15, 2017.

Fixed Assets
On  a  consolidation  basis,  the  Company  added  H287  Lakhs  to  its 
gross block and also disposed off certain assets no longer required. 
The  Company’s  net  block  of  fixed  assets  as  at  March  31,  2018  is 
H719 Lakhs (as at March 31, 2017 was H923 Lakhs).

On a standalone basis, the Company added H6,283 Lakhs to its gross 
block  which  includes  the  purchase  of  Intellectual  Property  Right 
viz. Data Integrity Management (DIM) amounting to H6,078 Lakhs 
from Subex Americas Inc. The Company disposed off certain assets 
no longer required and the net block of fixed assets as at March 31, 
2018 is H5,624 lakhs (as at March 31, 2017 was H482 lakhs).

Investments
During the year 2016-17, the Company recognized an amount of 
H6,070  lakhs  as  diminution  in  carrying  value  of  investments  in 
Subex Americas Inc. Consequently, the investment carrying value 
as of March 31, 2017 is H936 Lakhs. During the year 2017-18, there 
is no diminution in the carrying value of investments. Accordingly, 
the carrying value of those investments remains at H936 Lakhs.

During the year 2017-18, the Company invested in Limited Liability 
Partnerships, namely, Subex Assurance LLP and Subex Digital LLP. 
The consideration was paid in cash amounting to H9,990 each.

During  the  year  2017-18,  the  Company,  in  the  form  of  partner’s 
capital  contribution,  invested  an  amount  of  H61,564  Lakhs  in 
Subex  Assurance  LLP  and  H1,869  Lakhs  in  Subex  Digital  LLP.  The 
consideration was discharged by means of transfer of assets and 
liabilities at fair value

Restructuring
Effective  November  01,  2017,  the  Company’s  RMS  business  and 
the  Digital  business  have  been  transferred  to  Subex  Assurance 
LLP (“SA LLP”) and Subex Digital LLP (“SD LLP”) at H61,564 Lakhs 
and H1,869 Lakhs, respectively, in the form of Company’s capital 
contribution.  The  Company  continues  to  directly  hold  99.99% 
share  in  the  capital  of,  and  in  the  profits  and  losses  of,  each  of 
these LLPs and the entire economic interest as well as control and 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 81

ownership of the RMS Business and Digital Business remains with 
the Company post such Restructuring. (Refer note 31 of standalone 
financial statement for further details).

Trade Receivables
The major customers of the Company are the telecom and cellular 
operators overseas and in India. The receivables are spread over a 
large customer base. There is no significant concentration of credit 
risk on a single customer.

All the debtors are generally considered good and realizable and 
necessary provision has been made for debts considered to be bad 
and doubtful. The level of sundry debtors is normal and is in tune 
with business trends requirements.

The  management  believes  that  the  overall  composition  and 
condition  of  trade  receivables  is  satisfactory  post  assessment  of 
doubtful  receivables.  The  Provision  for  doubtful  debts  stands  at 
H1,346 Lakhs (Previous year H2,596 Lakhs) on a consolidated basis 
and H2,228 Lakhs (Previous Year H10,408 Lakhs) on a standalone 
basis.  The  Company  has  written  off  bad  debts  from  the  earlier 
provision for doubtful debts against the aforesaid trade receivables 
after obtaining necessary approvals.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
The  bank  balances  includes  both  rupee  accounts  and  foreign 
currency  accounts.  The  Margin  Money  deposit  of  H  Nil  (Previous 
Year: H126 Lakhs) on Standalone basis and H370 Lakhs (Previous 
Year:  H258  Lakhs)  on  consolidated  basis  with  the  bankers  is  for 
establishing bank guarantee.

Long-terms Loans and Advances
Security  Deposits  represent  rent  deposit,  electricity  deposit, 
telephone deposits and advances of like nature.

Income
The  segment  wise  break  up  of  income  on  consolidated  basis  is 
given below:

Particulars

(H in Lakhs except percentages)

2017-18

2016-17

Value

%

Value

%

Software Products

3,193

9.85

4,771

Software Services

29,239

90.15

30,962

13.35

86.65

Total

32,432

100.00

35,733

100.00

Geographically, the Company earns income from export of software 
products and related services to USA, EMEA & Asia Pacific region.

Other Income
Other income mainly consists of income derived by the Company 
from write back of withholding taxes paid on interest on FCCB III, 
interest  on  deposits  from  banks  and  interest  on  inter-Company 
loans.

82 | SUBEX LIMITED

Expenditure
The  employee  benefits  expenses  increased  to  H17,471  Lakhs 
(Previous  year:  H15,871  Lakhs)  on  consolidated  basis  and 
decreased  to  H6,248  Lakhs  (Previous  year:  H8,537  Lakhs)  on 
standalone basis.

The  Company  incurred  other  administration  expenses  excluding 
employee  benefit  expenses,  finance  cost,  taxes  and  exceptional 
items at 37% of its total Income during the year as compared to 
31% during the previous year on consolidated basis and 64% of 
its  total  income  during  the  year  as  compared  to  58%  during  the 
previous year on a standalone basis.

Operating Profits
During  the  year,  on  consolidated  basis,  the  Company  earned  an 
operating  profit  before  interest,  depreciation,  tax,  amortization 
and exceptional items of H3,427 Lakhs being 11% of total revenue 
(excluding other income) as against H8,909 Lakhs at 25% during 
the previous year.

On  a  standalone  basis,  the  Company  earned  operating  profit 
before  Interest,  depreciation,  tax  and  exceptional  items  of  H947 
Lakhs  being  5%  of  total  income  as  against  H4,687  Lakhs  at  14% 
during the previous year.

Interest & Bank Charges
The  Company  incurred  an  expenditure  of  H775  Lakhs  (Previous 
year:  H2,040  Lakhs)  on  a  consolidated  basis  and  H547  Lakhs 
(Previous year: H1,505 Lakhs) on a standalone basis. The interest 
paid/accrued mainly relates to interest on working capital loan.

Depreciation
Depreciation  and  amortization  for  the  year  amounted  to  H517 
Lakhs (Previous year: H495 Lakhs) on consolidated basis and H703 
Lakhs (Previous year: H273 Lakhs) on standalone basis.

Provision for Tax
The Company has provided for its tax liability in India and overseas 
after considering the exemptions for income from software services 
and products under the various applicable tax enactments.

Net Profit/ Total Comprehensive Income
On consolidated basis, the net profit of the Company amounted to 
H2,068 Lakhs, as against a loss of H4,323 Lakhs during the previous 
year. Total comprehensive income for the year is H1,828 Lakhs as 
compared to loss of H5,698 Lakhs during previous year.

On standalone basis, the profit of the Company amounted to H32 
lakhs as against a loss of H683 Lakhs during the previous year. Total 
comprehensive income for the year is H24 Lakhs as compared to 
loss of H716 Lakhs during previous year.

Exceptional Item
On  a  consolidated  basis,  the  Company  has  completed  the 
liquidation  of  one  of  its  subsidiary  and  accordingly  the  foreign 

currency  translation  gain  amounting  to  H1,166  lakhs,  has  been 
credited to the statement of profit and loss.

At a standalone level, the Company has shown an income of H389 
Lakhs  pertaining  to  a  reversal  of  provisioning  of  inter-Company 
loans.

Earnings per Share
Earnings/ (loss) per share calculated by dividing profit for the year 
by  the  weighted  average  number  of  equity  share  outstanding 
during  the  year  is  of  H0.37  per  share  [Previous  year:  H(0.85)  per 
share] on a consolidated basis and H0.01 per share [Previous year: 
H(0.13) per share] on a standalone basis.

MATERIAL DEVELOPMENTS IN HUMAN RESOURCES/
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS   FRONT, INCLUDING NUMBER OF 
PEOPLE EMPLOYED

Subexians
Our  greatest  assets  are  our  people  -  Subexians!  Subexians  are 
our  biggest  differentiators  and  how  we  define  our  capability 
requirements,  training  needs  and  retention  strategies  therefore 
becomes crucial. The Subex work culture hinges on our core values 
of  Fairness,  Innovation  and  Commitment  and  nurtures  initiative 
and creativity, bringing out the best in every Subexian. We know 
that  when  our  teams  realize  their  full  potential,  we  can  achieve 
our broader business goals. Our employees are spread across the 
globe and the larger centers are our offices located in Bengaluru, 
London, Denver, Dubai and Singapore. As of March 31, 2018, we 
had 905 full time Subexians on our rolls globally.

Human  Resources  at  Subex  is  centralized  at  our  corporate 
headquarters in Bengaluru, with regional HR teams providing local 
support  aligned  to  the  global  HR  strategy.  The  HR  team  provides 
a competitive edge to the business by enabling and supporting a 
very unique business model of value based delivery, processes and 
programs on global product development and delivery capabilities 
on one hand and complex distributed managed services delivery 
capabilities on the other. HR at Subex consistently strives to adopt 
leading best practices in designing and deploying HR process and 
programs  across  various  areas  like  recruitment,  total  rewards 
management,  talent  management,  organizational  development, 
performance  management,  change  management,  learning  and 
development, etc.

In Subex, we firmly believe that people, when motivated are the 
true drivers behind Organizational success. It is important to create 
an enjoyable work environment to keep them engaged and happy. 
We  have  reviewed  and  redefined  the  HR  policies  like  work  from 
home,  sabbatical,  continuous  learning  and  certification  to  make 
it more employee friendly. We have also amended our maternity 

policy  in  line  with  the  resolution  passed  by  the  Parliament  that 
provides for an increased maternity leave for our lady employees. 
In addition to this we have also introduced Happy Feet-a day care 
facility within the premises for employees to bring their young ones 
to work and have them being taken care by a professional team of 
child care experts. We have introduced various other initiatives like 
quizzes, fun at work, employee-management connect sessions to 
engage  with  the  workforce  and  align  the  employee  goals  with 
goals of the organization. Attrition for the year stands at 21%.

Pursuant  to  the  conclusion  of  the  term  of  Mr.  Surjeet  Singh  as 
the  Managing  Director  and  CEO  of  the  Company  on  March  31, 
2018  and  based  on  the  recommendations  of  the  Nomination 
&  Remuneration  Committee,  the  Board  at  its  meeting  held  on 
March 21, 2018 appointed Mr. Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan as the 
Managing Director and CEO of the Company for a period of three 
years with effect from April 01, 2018, subject to the approval of the 
shareholders at the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

Mr. Ashwin Chalapathy, Non-Executive, Non-Independent Director, 
resigned from the Board with effect from May 04, 2018.

The  adverse  effects  on  forests,  pollution,  resultant  chemical 
elements in the atmosphere have all contributed to global warming 
and is harming the environment. As a socially responsible corporate 
entity we want to safeguard and protect our environment. We have 
initiated  some  go-green  programs.  This  varies  from  encouraging 
carpooling to handing over saplings to our new joiners.

Recruitment
During  the  year,  the  recruitment  team  had  to  execute  a  well 
thought out manpower planning and analysis exercise and adopt 
global recruitment best practices to fulfill the organization’s talent 
requirements.  In  addition  to  the  well  established  processes  like 
“Coffee with the Hiring Manager”, “Post- offer feedback”, Subexian 
referral program, partner feedback, interviewer feedback, Buddy 
Programme etc., which are already entrenched in the Subex way 
of adding talent to our team, the focus this year was on optimising 
the  overall  recruitment  cost  by  adopting  innovative  recruitment 
approaches.

The  main  sources  for  hires  were  referrals  from  Subexians  (the 
best bring the best!), direct search, campus recruitments, website 
postings  and  walk-ins.  We  explored  innovative  processes  on  the 
campus recruitment side, where we introduced a process of “hiring 
for learnability”. This process, we believe, will add scalability to our 
model  while  continuing  to  give  us  great  technical  talent  like  we 
have had before.

One  of  the  key  focus  areas  that  your  Company  has  set,  in  the 
previous  year,  of  adding  the  capability  of  doing  “just-in-time” 
recruitment  for  the  managed  services  part  of  the  business,  has 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 83

yielded  results  and  this  helped  a  lot  on  mobilizing  Managed 
Services  projects  within  the  permissible  time,  without  having  to 
carry a large bench strength.

Keeping the dynamism in the market and the business needs, we 
have also started a program of proactively hiring fresh graduates 
and  junior  resources  who  will  go  through  our  comprehensive 
training programs to be business ready.

Induction and Training
Welcoming new Subexians into our fold continues to be extremely 
critical  for  us.  We  believe  that  the  quality  of  induction  that  new 
hires  go  through  determines  how  successful  they  are  in  the 
Company and has a huge impact on retention. We have customized 
the induction based on the role and function that new Subexians 
join  in.  This  has  resulted  in  having  more  targeted  induction, 
yielding greater benefits. The new hire training is then followed up 
with an on-the-job training to strengthen the knowledge and skills 
learnt during the training period.

On the learning and development side, the focus this year was to 
customize the training programs to the individual business need. 
A Training Need Analysis was done for each business unit to align 
the need to the goals. A competency matrix of employees is being 
implemented  with  the  aim  of  improving  the  efficiency  through 
personalized  skill  and  knowledge  development.  Subex  Academy 
is  a  Global  Learning  and  Development  Platform  (supporting 
instructor led training, on the job learning, as well as e-learning) 
that  enable  a  role  based  curriculum  led  approach  to  learning, 
while streamlining the training process as well as ensuring global 
reach  and  appropriateness  of  content.  This  automated  platform 
added significant value to training identification, design, delivery 
and  evaluation.  L&D  Organization  delivered  57  different  training 
programmes apart from product trainings in this financial year. As 
these training programmmes were customized, the rating received 
has been the highest compared to the last 3 years. This process is 
expected to improve the retention of talent as well as overall skill 
and knowledge level of Subexians.

Performance Management System
Foundation Competencies are the basic value based competencies 

required  by  all  in  Subex.  Excel  competencies  are  those  that  are 
required  to  do  your  current  job  really  well.  Lead  Competencies 
focus  on  the  future  needs  and  are  the  skills  required  to  succeed 
in leadership roles. Technical Competencies take care of the core 
areas  of  the  role  -  knowledge  about  our  products,  the  various 
technologies and domains. These, along with the KRAs help build 
and reinforce the performance oriented culture at Subex.

Productivity  and  a  high  performance  culture  are  the  games  of 
today’s  corporates.  It  is  important  to  equip  the  employees  with 
right set of tools to help drive the performance culture. In line with 
this  thought  we  have  migrated  to  Enterprise  solution  (Success 
Factors)  for  conducting  performance  management.  This  helps  us 
adopt  some  of  the  best  practices  from  the  industry  while  being 
flexible  to  customize  the  systems  as  per  our  internal  need.  We 
believe constant coaching and feedback would help in maximizing 
the potentials of the individuals and prepare them for the future. 
Keeping  this  in  mind,  we  have  also  tuned  our  Performance 
Management  system  to  factor  a  quarterly  review  of  goals  and 
performance.

Compensation
Compensation at Subex is multi-dimensional and consists of fixed 
salary,  variable  salary,  benefits,  health  and  disability  insurance, 
etc.

The  Company  benchmarks  its  compensation  package  against 
industry  data  and  strives  to  achieve  a  balanced  position.  The 
Company provides robust and comprehensive cash compensation 
and  benefits  as  per  industry  trends.  We  also  arrive  at  the  salary 
bands  of  Subexians  by  conducting  comprehensive  job  matching, 
data validation and quality audits.

Your Company focuses a lot on Employee reward and recognition 
programme,  as  this  is  another  important  motivational  aspect. 
We  have  consistently  recognized  48%  Subexians  globally  for 
their  contributions  and  deliverables  through  our  Rewards  and 
Recognition  Programme  “STAR”.  This  translates  to  a  significant 
number of Subexians receiving awards which are monetary. 

84 | SUBEX LIMITED

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

To the Members of
Subex Limited

Report on the Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements
We  have  audited  the  accompanying  Standalone  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements of Subex Limited (“the Company”), which comprise the 
Standalone Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2018, the Standalone 
Statement  of  Profit  and  Loss,  including  Other  Comprehensive 
Income,  the  Standalone  Statement  of  Cash  Flows  and  the 
Standalone  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity  for  the  year  then 
ended,  and  a  summary  of  significant  accounting  policies  and 
other  explanatory  information  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  “the 
Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements”).

Management’s Responsibility for the Standalone Ind AS 
Financial Statements
The  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  the  matters 
stated  in  Section  134(5)  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013  (“the 
Act”)  with  respect  to  the  preparation  of  these  Standalone  Ind 
AS  Financial  Statements  that  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the 
standalone  financial  position,  standalone  financial  performance 
including other comprehensive income, standalone cash flows and 
standalone changes in equity of the Company in accordance with 
accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  India,  including  the 
Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under section 133 
of the Act, read with the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) 
includes 
Rules,  2015,  as  amended.  This  responsibility  also 
maintenance  of  adequate  accounting  records  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  the  Act  for  safeguarding  of  the  assets  of 
the  Company  and  for  preventing  and  detecting  frauds  and  other 
irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting 
policies;  making  judgments  and  estimates  that  are  reasonable 
and  prudent;  and  the  design,  implementation  and  maintenance 
of  adequate  internal  financial  controls  that  were  operating 
effectively  for  ensuring  the  accuracy  and  completeness  of  the 
accounting records, relevant to the preparation and presentation 
of the Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements that give a true and 
fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

Auditor’s Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these Standalone Ind 
AS Financial Statements based on our audit. We have taken into 
account  the  provisions  of  the  Act,  the  accounting  and  auditing 
standards  and  matters  which  are  required  to  be  included  in 
the  audit  report  under  the  provisions  of  the  Act  and  the  Rules 
made thereunder. We conducted our audit of the Standalone Ind 
AS  Financial  Statements  in  accordance  with  the  Standards  on 
Auditing, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, 
as  specified  under  Section  143(10)  of  the  Act.  Those  Standards 
require  that  we  comply  with  ethical  requirements  and  plan  and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether 

the Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements are free from material 
misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence 
about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  Standalone  Ind  AS 
Financial  Statements.  The  procedures  selected  depend  on 
the  auditor’s  judgment,  including  the  assessment  of  the  risks 
of  material  misstatement  of  the  Standalone  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk 
assessments,  the  auditor  considers  internal  financial  controls 
relevant  to  the  Company’s  preparation  of  the  Standalone  Ind  AS 
Financial Statements that give a true and fair view in order to design 
audit  procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances.  An 
audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting 
policies used and the reasonableness of the accounting estimates 
made by the Company’s Directors, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation  of  the  Standalone  Ind  AS  Financial  Statements.  We 
believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is  sufficient 
and  appropriate  to  provide  a  basis  for  our  audit  opinion  on  the 
Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements.

Opinion
In  our  opinion  and  to  the  best  of  our  information  and  according 
to  the  explanations  given  to  us,  the  Standalone  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements give the information required by the Act in the manner 
so  required  and  give  a  true  and  fair  view  in  conformity  with  the 
accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of 
affairs of the Company as at March 31, 2018, its standalone profit 
including other comprehensive income, its standalone cash flows 
and the standalone changes in equity for the year ended on that 
date.

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1.  As required by the Companies (Auditor’s report) Order, 2016 
(“the  Order”)  issued  by  the  Central  Government  of  India  in 
terms of sub-section (11) of section 143 of the Act, we give 
in  the  Annexure  1  a  Statement  on  the  matters  specified  in 
paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order.

2.  As required by section 143 (3) of the Act, we report that:

(a)  We  have  sought  and  obtained  all  the  information  and 
explanations  which  to  the  best  of  our  knowledge  and 
belief were necessary for the purpose of our audit of the 
aforesaid Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements;

(b)  In  our  opinion,  proper  books  of  account  as  required  by 
law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears 
from our examination of those books;

(c)  The Standalone Balance Sheet, the Standalone Statement 
including  Other  Comprehensive 

of  Profit  and  Loss 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 85

 
 
 
Income,  the  Standalone  Statement  of  Cash  Flows  and 
the  Standalone  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity  dealt 
with by this Report are in agreement with the books of 
account maintained for the purpose of preparation of the 
Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements;

(d)  In our opinion, the aforesaid Standalone Ind AS Financial 
Statements  comply  with  the  Accounting  Standards 
specified  under  section  133  of  the  Act,  read  with 
Companies  (Indian  Accounting  Standards)  Rules,  2015, 
as amended;

(e)  On  the  basis  of  written  representations  received  from 
the directors of the Company as on March 31, 2018, and 
taken on record by the Board of Directors of the Company, 
none  of  the  directors  of  the  Company  is  disqualified  as 
on March 31, 2018, from being appointed as a director in 
terms of section 164 (2) of the Act;

(f)  With  respect  to  the  adequacy  and  the  operating 
effectiveness  of  the  internal  financial  controls  over 
financial reporting of the Company, refer to our separate 
Report in “Annexure 2” to this report; and

(g)  With  respect  to  the  other  matters  to  be  included  in  the 
Auditor’s  Report  in  accordance  with  Rule  11  of  the 
Companies  (Audit  and  Auditors)  Rules,  2014,  in  our 

opinion and to the best of our information and according 
to the explanations given to us:

i. 

ii. 

The  Company  has  disclosed  the  impact  of  pending 
litigations on its financial position in its Standalone 
Ind  AS  Financial  Statements  –  Refer  note  35  (b)  to 
the Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements;

The Company did not have any long-term contracts 
including derivative contracts for which there were 
any material foreseeable losses; and

iii.  There were no amounts which were required to be 
transferred to the Investor Education and Protection 
Fund by the Company.

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP
Chartered Accountants
ICAI Firm Registration Number: 101049W/E300004

per Rajeev Kumar
Partner
Membership Number: 213803
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Annexure 1 to the Independent Auditor’s Report of even date on the Standalone 
Ind AS Financial Statements of Subex Limited

Statement on the matters specified in paragraph 3 and 4 of the Companies (Auditor’s Report) Order, 2016 (“the Order”)

(i)   (a)   The Company has maintained proper records showing full 
particulars, including quantitative details and situation of 
property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.

(b)  Property,  plant  and  equipment  have  been  physically 
verified  by  the  management  during  the  year  and 
no  material  discrepancies  were 
identified  on  such 
verification.

(c)  According to the information and explanations given by 
the  management,  there  are  no  immovable  properties 
included in property, plant and equipment of the Company 
and accordingly, the requirements under paragraph 3(i)
(c) of the Order are not applicable to the Company.

(ii)  The  Company’s  business  does  not  involve  inventories  and 
accordingly,  the  requirements  under  paragraph  3(ii)  of  the 
Order are not applicable to the Company.

(iii)  According  to  the 

information  and  explanations  given 
by  the  management,  the  Company  has  not  granted  any 
loans,  secured  or  unsecured  to  companies,  firms,  limited 
liability partnerships or other parties covered in the register 
maintained  under  section  189  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013 
(“the Act”). Accordingly, the provisions of clause 3(iii) (a), (b) 
and (c) of the Order are not applicable to the Company and 
hence not commented upon.

(iv)  In  our  opinion  and  according  to  the 

information  and 
explanations  given  by  the  management,  the  Company 
has  complied  with  the  provisions  of  section  185  and  186 
of  the  Act  in  respect  of  grant  of  loans  to  directors  including 
entities in which they are interested and in respect of loans 
and  advances  given,  making  investments  and  providing 
guarantees  and  securities,  as  applicable.  In  this  regard,  we 
also  draw  attention  to  note  35(b)(iii)  to  the  Standalone  Ind 

86 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AS Financial Statements relating to amounts recoverable from 
erstwhile directors of the Company towards excess managerial 
remuneration pertaining to the financial year 2012-13, which 
is under litigation.

(v)  The  Company  has  not  accepted  any  deposits  within  the 
meaning of sections 73 to 76 of the Act and the Companies 
(Acceptance  of  Deposits)  Rules,  2014  (as  amended). 
Accordingly, the provisions of clause 3(v) of the Order are not 
applicable.

(vi)  To  the  best  of  our  knowledge  and  as  explained,  the  Central 
Government has not specified the maintenance of cost records 
under section 148(1) of the Act for the products/services of 
the Company.

(vii)(a)  The  Company  is  generally  regular  in  depositing  with 
appropriate  authorities  undisputed  statutory  dues 
including  provident  fund,  employees’  state  insurance, 

income-tax, sales-tax, service tax, duty of custom, duty 
of excise, value added tax, goods and services tax, cess 
and other material statutory dues applicable to it.

(b)  According to the information and explanations given by 
the  management,  no  undisputed  amounts  payable  in 
respect  of  provident  fund,  employees’  state  insurance, 
income-tax, sales- tax, service tax, duty of customs, duty 
of excise, value added tax, goods and services tax, cess 
and  other  material  statutory  dues  were  outstanding,  at 
the year end, for a period of more than six months from 
the date they became payable.

 (c)  According  to  the  records  of  the  Company,  there  are 
no  dues  of  income-tax,  sales-tax,  service  tax,  duty  of 
customs,  duty  of  excise,  value  added  tax,  goods  and 
services tax and cess, which have not been deposited on 
account of any dispute, except the following:

Name of the Statute Nature of the dues

Income Tax Act, 
1961

Adjustment for 
transfer pricing, 
disallowances 
under section 
10A and other 
disallowances

Finance Act, 1994

Service tax

Disputed 
amount* 
(H in Lakhs)

Amount 
paid/ refund 
adjusted 
under protest 
(H in Lakhs)

Period to which 
the amount relates 
(Financial Year)

3,382

724

2012-13

2010-11

2009-10

2006-07

2005-06

2004-05

2003-04

30

-

-

4

141

212

924

379

10

346

4

80

211

1,004

3,608

Forum where dispute is pending

Income Tax Appellate Tribunal 
(‘ITAT’), Bangalore #

Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka

Commissioner of Income Tax 
(Appeals), Bangalore

Commissioner of Income Tax 
(Appeals), Bangalore

Deputy Commissioner of Income 
Tax (Appeals), Bangalore

Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka

Hon’ble Supreme Court of India

April 2006 to 
October 2007 

Central Excise and Service Tax 
Appellate Tribunal, Bangalore

-

April 2006 to July 
2009

Commissioner of Service Tax, 
Bangalore

* Excluding penalty and interest from the date of Order to March 31, 2018.
# In respect of amount disputed for the year 2012-13, the Company has obtained a stay order from ITAT.

(viii) In  our  opinion  and  according  to  the 

information  and 
explanations given by the management, the Company has not 
defaulted  in  repayment  of  loans  or  borrowing  to  a  financial 
institution, bank or government or dues to debenture holders.

(ix)  According  to  the  information  and  explanations  given  by  the 
management, the Company has not raised any money by the 
way of initial public offer / further public offer (including debt 

instruments) and term loans during the year. Hence, reporting 
under  paragraph  3(ix)  of  the  Order  is  not  applicable  to  the 
Company and hence not commented upon.

(x)  Based upon the audit procedures performed for the purpose 
of reporting the true and fair view of the Standalone Ind AS 
Financial  Statements  and  according  to  the  information  and 
explanations  given  by  the  management,  we  report  that  no 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 87

 
 
fraud  by  the  Company  or  no  fraud  on  the  Company  by  its 
officers or employees has been noticed or reported during the 
year.

(xi)  According  to  the  information  and  explanations  given  by  the 
management, the managerial remuneration has been paid / 
provided in accordance with the requisite approvals mandated 
by the provisions of section 197 read with Schedule V to the 
Act. In this regard, we also draw attention to note 35(b)(iii) 
to  the  Standalone  Ind  AS  Financial  Statements  relating  to 
amounts recoverable from erstwhile directors of the Company 
towards  excess  managerial  remuneration  pertaining  to  the 
financial year 2012-13, which is under litigation.

(xii)  In our opinion, the Company is not a nidhi company. Therefore, 
the provisions of clause 3(xii) of the Order are not applicable 
to the Company and hence not commented upon.

(xiii) According  to  the  information  and  explanations  given  by 
the  management,  transactions  with  the  related  parties  are 
in  compliance  with  section  177  and  188  of  the  Act,  where 
applicable and the details have been disclosed in the notes 
to the Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements, as required by 
the applicable accounting standards.

(xiv) According  to  the  information  and  explanations  given  by  the 
management  and  on  an  overall  examination  of  the  balance 
sheet, the Company has complied with provisions of section 42 

of  the  Act  in  respect  of  the  preferential  allotment/  private 
placement of shares and amounts raised, have been used for 
the  purposes  for  which  the  funds  were  raised.  Further,  the 
Company  has  not  made  any  preferential  allotment/  private 
placement of fully or partly convertible debentures during the 
year under review.

(xv)  According  to  the  information  and  explanations  given  by  the 
management,  the  Company  has  not  entered  into  any  non-
cash  transactions  with  directors  or  persons  connected  with 
him as referred to in section 192 of the Act.

(xvi) According  to  the  information  and  explanations  given  by  the 
management, the provisions of section 45-IA of the Reserve 
Bank of India Act, 1934 are not applicable to the Company.

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP
Chartered Accountants
ICAI Firm Registration Number: 101049W/E300004

per Rajeev Kumar
Partner
Membership Number: 213803
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Annexure 2 to the Independent Auditor’s Report of even date on the Standalone 
Ind AS Financial Statements of Subex Limited

Report on the Internal Financial Controls under clause (i) of sub-section 3 of section 143 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”)

We  have  audited  the  internal  financial  controls  over  financial 
reporting  of  Subex  Limited  (“the  Company”)  as  of  and  for  the 
year  ended  March  31,  2018  in  conjunction  with  our  audit  of  the 
Standalone Ind AS Financial Statements of the Company as of and 
for the year then ended. 

including adherence to the Company’s policies, the safeguarding 
of  its  assets,  the  prevention  and  detection  of  frauds  and  errors, 
the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, and the 
timely  preparation  of  reliable  financial  information,  as  required 
under the Act.

Management’s Responsibility for Internal Financial Controls
The  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  establishing 
and  maintaining  internal  financial  controls  based  on  the  internal 
controls  over  financial  reporting  criteria  established  by  the 
Company considering the essential components of internal control 
stated in the Guidance Note on Audit of Internal Financial Controls 
Over  Financial  Reporting  issued  by  the  Institute  of  Chartered 
Accountants of India (the “Guidance Note”). These responsibilities 
include the design, implementation and maintenance of adequate 
internal  financial  controls  that  were  operating  effectively  for 
ensuring  the  orderly  and  efficient  conduct  of  its  business, 

Auditor’s Responsibility
Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s 
internal  financial  controls  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our 
audit.  We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  the  Guidance 
Note  and  the  Standards  on  Auditing  as  specified  under  section 
143(10) of the Act, to the extent applicable to an audit of internal 
financial controls, both applicable to an audit of Internal Financial 
Controls and, both issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants 
of India. Those Standards and the Guidance Note require that we 
comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether adequate internal 

88 | SUBEX LIMITED

financial  controls  over  financial  reporting  were  established  and 
maintained and if such controls operated effectively in all material 
respects.

timely  detection  of  unauthorised  acquisition,  use  or  disposition 
of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the 
financial statements.

Our audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence 
about the adequacy of the internal financial controls over financial 
reporting and their operating effectiveness. Our audit of internal 
financial  controls  over  financial  reporting  included  obtaining 
an  understanding  of  internal  financial  controls  over  financial 
reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and 
testing  and  evaluating  the  design  and  operating  effectiveness 
of  internal  controls  based  on  the  assessed  risk.  The  procedures 
including  the 
selected  depend  on  the  auditor’s 
assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the Standalone 
Ind AS Financial Statements, whether due to fraud or error.

judgment, 

Inherent Limitations of Internal Financial Controls Over Financial 
Reporting
Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  of  internal  financial  controls 
over  financial  reporting,  including  the  possibility  of  collusion 
improper  management  override  of  controls,  material 
or 
misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of the internal financial controls 
over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that 
the internal financial controls over financial reporting may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

We believe that the audit evidence, we have obtained is sufficient 
and  appropriate  to  provide  a  basis  for  our  audit  opinion  on  the 
Company’s internal financial controls over financial reporting.

Meaning of Internal Financial Controls Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal financial controls over financial reporting is 
a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  financial 
controls  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and 
procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that, 
in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions 
and  disposition  of  the  assets  of  the  Company;  (2)  provide 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary 
to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance 
with authorisations of management and directors of the Company; 
and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or 

Opinion
In  our  opinion,  the  Company  has,  maintained  in  all  material 
respects,  adequate 
internal  financial  controls  over  financial 
reporting  and  such  internal  financial  controls  over  financial 
reporting were operating effectively as at March 31, 2018, based 
on  the  internal  financial  controls  over  financial  reporting  criteria 
established by the Company considering the essential components 
of internal controls stated in the Guidance Note.

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP
Chartered Accountants
ICAI Firm Registration Number: 101049W/E300004

per Rajeev Kumar
Partner
Membership Number: 213803
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Annual Report 2017-18 | 89

Standalone balance sheet as at March 31, 2018

Notes

As at
March 31, 2018 

As at
March 31, 2017 

(H in Lakhs)

ASSETS
Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets
Financial assets
Investments
Loans
Other balances with banks
Other financial assets

Income tax assets (net)
Deferred tax asset
Other non-current assets

Current assets

Financial assets
Loans
Trade receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Other financial assets

Other current assets

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity

Equity share capital
Other equity

Total equity

Liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Provisions

Current liabilities

Financial liabilities
Borrowings
Trade payables
Other financial liabilities

Other current liabilities
Provisions
Income tax liabilities (net)

3
4

5
6
7
10
11
12
13

6
8
9
10
13

14
15

20

16
17
18
19
20
21

Total liabilities
Total equity and liabilities
Corporate information and significant accounting policies 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the standalone financial statements

1 & 2

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

 29 
 5,595 

 64,406 
 35 
 - 
 234 
 2,494 
 425 
 288 
 73,506 

 6 
 1,364 
 211 
 - 
 61 
 1,642 
 75,148 

 56,200 
 18,034 
 74,234 

 1 
 1 

 - 
 415 
 49 
 51 
 112 
 286 
 913 
 914 
 75,148 

 362 
 120 

 65,701 
 349 
 126 
 234 
 1,873 
 478 
 564 
 69,807 

 180 
 18,966 
 151 
 2,536 
 823 
 22,656 
 92,463 

 50,691 
 13,035 
 63,726 

 250 
 250 

 8,590 
 14,383 
 3,472 
 1,216 
 266 
 560 
 28,487 
 28,737 
 92,463 

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

90 | SUBEX LIMITED

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standalone statement of profit and loss  for the year ended March 31, 2018

Notes

Year ended
March 31, 2018 

Year ended
March 31, 2017 

(H in Lakhs)

22
23
24

25
26
27
28

29

21

1

2

3

4
5

6

7

8

9

Income
Revenue from operations 
Share of profit/ (loss), (net), from Limited Liability Partnerships
Other income
Total income

Expenses
Employee benefits expense
Finance costs
Depreciation and amortization expense
Other expenses
Total expenses

(Loss)/ profit before exceptional items and tax expense (1-2)

Exceptional items (net)
Profit/ (loss) before tax expense (3+4)

Tax expense (net): 

Current tax (credit)/charge
Provision - foreign withholding taxes (net)
MAT charge/ (credit)

Net profit/ (loss) for the year (5-6)

Other comprehensive income ('OCI'), net of tax
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss
Re-measurement loss on defined benefit plans

Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to  
equity holders of the Company (7+8)

10 Basic and diluted earnings/ (loss) per equity share  
[nominal value of share H 10 (March 31, 2017: H 10)]

Corporate information and significant accounting policies
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the standalone financial statements

30

  1 & 2 

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

 17,993 
 37 
 66 
 18,096 

 6,248 
 547 
 703 
 10,798 
 18,296 

 32,441 
  - 
 1,253 
 33,694 

 8,537 
 1,505 
 273 
 19,217 
 29,532 

 (200)

 4,162 

 389 
 189 

 (53)
 157 
 53 
 157 
 32 

 (8)
 (8)
 24 

 (4,591)
 (429)

 94 
 254 
 (94)
 254 
 (683)

 (33)
 (33)
 (716)

 0.01 

 (0.13)

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937 
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Annual Report 2017-18 | 91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 50,281 
 410 
 50,691 
 5,509 
 56,200 

(H in Lakhs)

Total

Standalone statement of changes in equity  for the year ended March 31, 2018
A.  Equity share capital (refer note 14):

 No. 

H in Lakhs

Equity shares of H 10 each issued, subscribed and fully paid-up
As at April 1, 2016
Issued during the year - Conversion of  FCCBs
As at March 31, 2017
Issued during the year - Preferential issue of equity shares**
As at March 31, 2018

 502,811,646 
 4,096,290 
 506,907,936 
 55,094,999 
 562,002,935 

B.  Other equity (refer note 15):

Particulars

Attributable to equity holders of the Company
Reserves and surplus
General 
Securities 
reserve
premium

Capital 
reserve

Employee 
stock 
options 
reserve

Surplus / 
(deficit) in the 
statement of 
profit and loss 

Equity 
component 
of compound 
financial 
instruments
 259 
 - 
 - 
 (54)

 24,378 
 - 
 - 
 123 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

As at April 1, 2016
Less: Loss for the year
Less: Other comprehensive income
Add/ (less): On account of conversion of FCCBs
Less: Compensation on ESOP cancelled/lapsed 
during the year
Add: Deferred stock compensation expenses
As at March 31, 2017
Add: Profit for the year
Less: Other comprehensive income
Add/ (less): On account of repayment of FCCBs*
Add: Additions during the year on account of 
preferential issue of equity shares**
Less: Compensation on ESOP cancelled/lapsed 
during the year
Add: Deferred stock compensation expenses
 - 
Add: On account of restructuring (refer note 31)
 2,776 
 2,776 
As at March 31, 2018
Corporate information and significant accounting policies (refer notes 1 & 2)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the standalone financial statements

 - 
 205 
 - 
 - 
 (205)

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 24,501 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 2,204 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 26,705 

 1,780 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 16 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 (12,996)
 (683)
 (33)
 255 

 13,437 
 (683)
 (33)
 324 

 - 

 - 

 (10)

 - 

 (10)

 - 
 1,780 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 1,780 

 - 
 6 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 (5)

 - 
 - 
 1 

 - 
 (13,457)
 32 
 (8)
 205 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 (13,228)

 - 
 13,035 
 32 
 (8)
 - 

 2,204 

 (5)

 - 
 2,776 
 18,034 

*Upon repayment of FCCBs, the residual portion of equity component of compound financial instrument in relation to the same, has been transferred 
to surplus/(deficit) in the statement of profit and loss.

**refer note 14(e) on preferential issue of equity shares.

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

92 | SUBEX LIMITED

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Standalone statement of cash flows  for the year ended March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended
March 31, 2018 

Year ended
March 31, 2017 

(A) Operating activities

Profit/(loss) before tax expense

Adjustments to reconcile profit/(loss) before tax expense to net cash flows:

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Amortisation of intangible assets

Loss/ (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment (net)

Interest income (including fair value changes)

Finance costs (including fair value changes)

Provision for doubtful debts and advances (net of reversal)

Provisions for doubtful advances no longer required written back (exceptional item)

Impairment of investment in subsidiaries (exceptional item)

Write back of withholding taxes paid earlier

Amortised cost of deposits

Fair value change in financial instruments

Share of profit/ (loss) (net) from Limited Liability Partnership

Net foreign exchange differences

Operating profit before working capital changes

Working capital adjustments:

(Increase)/decrease in loans

(Increase)/decrease in trade receivables

(Increase)/decrease in other financial assets

(Increase)/decrease in other assets

Increase/(decrease) in trade payables

Increase/(decrease) in other financial liabilities

Increase/(decrease) in other current liabilities

Increase/(decrease) in provisions

Income tax paid (including TDS, net of refund)

Net cash flows from operating activities

(B) Investing activities

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

Purchase of intangible assets

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Cash transferred pursuant to restructuring (refer note 31)

Movement in deposits (net)

Interest received

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 189 

 155 

 548 

2

 (34)

 547 

 (182)

 (389)

  -   

 (30)

32

(62)

 (37)

(55)

684

389

8,789

 453 

 464 

 (3,381)

 (144)

 (53) 

43

 7,244 

 (999)

 6,245 

 (203)

 (6,080)

  -   

  -   

 (1,300)

 89 

 14 

 (7,480)

 (429)

 241 

 32 

 (1)

 (215)

 1,505 

 1,094 

 (1,579)

 6,170 

 (1,037)

 53 

 21 

  -   

 576 

 6,431 

 1,551 

 187 

 (1,004)

 (302)

 (1,610)

 42 

 1,143 

 (57)

 6,381 

 (495)

 5,886 

 (275)

 (78)

 2 

 (100)

  -   

 (67)

 5 

 (513)

Annual Report 2017-18 | 93

Standalone statement of cash flows  for the year ended March 31, 2018

(C) Financing activities

Movement in working capital loans (net)

Interest paid

Preferential issue of equity shares

Repayment of borrowings (FCCBs)

Net cash flows from/(used in) financing activities

(D) Net increase/(decrease)  in cash and cash equivalents (A+B+C)

Net foreign exchange difference

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

(E) Cash and cash equivalents at year end (refer note 9)

Corporate information and significant accounting policies (refer notes 1 & 2)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the standalone financial statements

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended
March 31, 2018 

Year ended
March 31, 2017 

 (3,107)

 (975)

 7,713 

 (2,336)

 1,295 

 60 

  -   

 151 

 211 

 (1,981)

 (1,189)

  -   

 (2,249)

 (5,419)

 (46)

 1 

 196 

 151 

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

94 | SUBEX LIMITED

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

1.  Corporate information

Subex Limited (“the Company” or “Subex”) a public limited company incorporated in 1994, is a leading global provider of Operations 
and Business Support Systems (“OSS/BSS”) to communication service providers (“CSPs”) worldwide in the Telecom industry.

The Company pioneered the concept of a Revenue Operations Centre (“ROC”) – a centralized approach that sustains profitable growth 
and financial health for the CSPs through coordinated operational control. Subex’s product portfolio powers the ROC and its best-
in-class solutions enable new service creation, operational transformation, subscriber-centric fulfilment, provisioning automation, 
data integrity management, revenue assurance, cost management, fraud management and interconnect/ inter-party settlement. 
Subex also offers a scalable Managed Services Program. The CSPs achieve competitive advantage through Business Optimization and 
Service Agility and improve their operational efficiency to deliver enhanced service experiences to their subscribers. The Company 
has its registered office in Bengaluru and operates through its wholly owned subsidiaries in India, USA, UK, Singapore, Canada and 
UAE and branches in USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Italy, UAE and Saudi Arabia.

Effective November 1, 2017, the Company has restructured its business by way of transfer of its Revenue Maximisation Solutions 
and related businesses (“RMS business”) and the Subex Secure and Analytics solutions and related businesses (“Digital business”) 
to its newly formed subsidiaries, Subex Assurance LLP (“SA LLP”) and Subex Digital LLP (“SD LLP”) (together referred to as “LLPs”), 
respectively, hereinafter referred to as the “Restructuring” to achieve amongst other aspects, segregation of the Company’s business 
into  separate  verticals  to  facilitate  greater  focus  on  each  business  vertical,  higher  operational  efficiencies,  and  to  enhance  the 
Company’s ability to enter into business specific partnerships and attract strategic investors at respective business levels, with an 
overall objective of enhancing shareholder value. Post such Restructuring, the Company continues to directly hold 99.99% share in 
the capital of, and in the profits and losses of, each of these LLPs and the entire economic interest as well as control and ownership of 
the RMS Business and Digital Business remains with the Company post such Restructuring. Also, refer note 31 in this regard.

These standalone financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018 are approved by the Board of Directors on May 04, 2018.

2.  Significant accounting policies
a.  Basis of preparation

The standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in India including Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 
read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 (as amended from time to time). 

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are 
measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, as explained further in the accounting policies below.

The standalone financial statements are presented in INR (“H”) and all the values are rounded off to the nearest Lakhs (INR 00,000) 
except when otherwise indicated.

b.  Use of estimates, assumptions and judgements

The  preparation  of  the  standalone  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  Ind  AS  requires  the  management  to  make  estimates, 
judgements  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities,  the  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and 
liabilities  on  the  date  of  the  standalone  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  for  the  year 
reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. 
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the year in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.

Key source of estimation of uncertainty as at the date of standalone financial statements, which may cause a material adjustment to 
the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, is in respect of the following:

Revenue recognition
The Company uses the percentage of completion method in accounting for revenue from implementation and customisation projects. 
Use of the percentage of completion method requires the Company to estimate the efforts to date as a proportion of the total efforts. 
Efforts have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is a direct relationship between input and productivity. 
Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the year in which such losses become probable based 
on the expected contract estimates at the reporting date.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

Impairment of non-financial assets
Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit (“CGU”) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the 
higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available 
data from binding sales transactions, conducted at arm’s length, for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs 
for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model. The cash flows are derived 
from the budget for future years and do not include restructuring activities that the Company is not yet committed to or significant 
future investments that will enhance the asset’s performance of the CGU being tested. The recoverable amount is sensitive to the 
discount rate used for the DCF model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the growth rate used for extrapolation purposes.

The recoverable amount is sensitive to the discount rate used for the DCF model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the 
growth rate used for extrapolation purposes.

Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company assesses impairment of financial assets (‘Financial instruments’) and recognises expected 
credit losses, which are measured through a loss allowance.

The Company provides for impairment of investment in subsidiaries. Impairment exists when there is a diminution in value of the 
investment and the recoverable value of such investment is lower than the carrying value of such investment.

The Company provides for impairment of trade receivables and unbilled revenue based on assumptions about risk of default and 
expected timing of collection. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting inputs to the impairment 
calculation, based on the Company’s past history, customer’s creditworthiness, existing market conditions as well as forward looking 
estimates at the end of each reporting period. Also, refer note 2(h).

Defined benefit plans
The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of the gratuity obligation 
is  determined  using  actuarial  valuation.  An  actuarial  valuation  involves  making  various  assumptions  that  may  differ  from  actual 
developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to 
the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these 
assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date (refer note 37).

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the 
management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment 
benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. These mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to 
demographic changes. Future salary increases and gratuity increases are based on expected future inflation rates.

Fair Value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted 
prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using internal valuation techniques. The inputs to these models are taken from 
observable  markets  where  possible,  but  where  this  is  not  feasible,  a  degree  of  judgement  is  required  in  establishing  fair  values. 
Judgements  include  considerations  of  inputs  such  as  liquidity  risk,  credit  risk  and  volatility.  Changes  in  assumptions  about  these 
factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. Also, refer note 2(k).

Share-based payments
Estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is 
dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the 
valuation model including the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. The 
assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in note 36.

Taxes
The  Company’s  tax  jurisdiction  is  India.  Significant  judgments  are  involved  in  determining  the  provision  for  income  taxes  and  tax 
credits including the amount expected to be paid or refunded. Also refer note 2(q) and note 21.

96 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

c.  Current/ non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

• 

• 

• 

• 

Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

Held primarily for the purpose of trading

Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the 
reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:

• 

• 

• 

It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities, respectively.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The 
Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

d.  Revenue recognition

The Company derives its revenues primarily from sale and implementation of its license and implementation of its proprietary software 
and managed/ support services.

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be 
reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or 
receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met 
before revenue is recognised:

Revenues from licensing arrangements is recognized on transfer of the title in user licenses, except those contracts where transfer 
of  title  is  dependent  upon  rendering  of  significant  implementation  and  other  services  by  the  Company,  in  which  case  revenue  is 
recognized over the implementation period in accordance with  the specific terms of the contracts with clients.

Revenue from implementation and customisation services is recognised using the percentage of completion method. Percentage 
of completion is determined on the basis of completed efforts against the total estimated efforts, which represent the fair value of 
services rendered.

Revenue  from  managed/  support  services  comprise  income  from  fixed  price  contracts,  time-and-material  contracts  and  annual 
maintenance contracts. Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized over the period of the contracts using the percentage of 
completion method. Revenue from time and material contracts is recognized when the services are rendered in accordance with the 
terms of contracts. Revenue from annual maintenance contracts is recognised rateably over the period of the contracts.

Revenue from sale of hardware under reseller arrangements is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership 
of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of goods to customers. Revenue is shown as net of sales tax, value 
added tax, other taxes and applicable discounts.

In case of multiple element arrangements for sale of software license, related implementation and maintenance services the Company 
has applied the guidance in Ind AS 18, by applying the revenue recognition criteria for each separately identifiable component of a 
single transaction. The arrangements generally meet the criteria for considering the sale of software license, related implementation 
and  maintain  services  as  separately  identifiable  components.  For  allocating  the  consideration,  the  Company  has  measured  the 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

revenue in respect of each separable component of a transaction at its fair value, in accordance with principles given in Ind AS 18. The 
price that is regularly charged for an item when sold separately is the best evidence of its fair value. In cases where the Company is 
unable to establish objective and reliable evidence of fair value for the aforesaid services, the Company has used a residual method to 
allocate the arrangement consideration. In these cases the balance of the consideration, after allocating the fair values of undelivered 
components of a transaction has been allocated to the delivered components for which specific fair values do not exist.

The Company collects Goods and Service tax and other taxes as applicable in the respective tax jurisdictions where the Company 
operates, on behalf of the government and therefore it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Company. Hence it is excluded from 
revenue.

Provisions for estimated losses on contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the current 
contract estimates. ‘Unbilled revenue’ included in other financial assets represent revenues in excess of amounts billed to clients as 
at the balance sheet date. ‘Unearned revenue’ included in other current liabilities represent billings in excess of revenues recognized.

Interest
Interest income is recognized as it accrues in the standalone statement of profit and loss using effective interest rate method.

e.  Property, plant and equipment

Plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises 
purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met, directly attributable cost of bringing the plant and equipment to 
its working condition for the intended use and cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment. When significant parts of plant 
and  equipment  are  required  to  be  replaced  at  intervals,  the  Company  depreciates  them  separately  based  on  their  specific  useful 
lives.  Likewise,  when  a  major  inspection  is  performed,  its  cost  is  recognised  in  the  carrying  amount  of  the  plant  and  equipment 
as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the standalone 
statement of profit and loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is 
included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of the assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the 
carrying amounts of the assets and are recognized in the standalone statement of profit and loss when the assets are derecognized.

f. 

Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are 
carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Internally generated intangibles, excluding 
capitalised development costs, are not capitalised and the related expenditure is reflected in the standalone statement of profit and 
loss in the period in which the expenditure is incurred.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an 
indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset 
with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected 
pattern  of  consumption  of  future  economic  benefits  embodied  in  the  asset  are  considered  to  modify  the  amortization  period  or 
method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds 
and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

g.  Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets with finite useful lives is calculated on a straight-
line basis over the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management, basis technical assessment:

98 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

The  Company  has  used  the  following  useful  lives  to  provide  depreciation  on  plant  and  equipment  and  amortization  of  intangible 
assets:

Assets
Computer hardware
Furniture and fixtures
Vehicles
Office equipment
Computer software
Intellectual property rights

Useful life
3 years
5 years
5 years
5 years
4 years
10 years

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year 
end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

h. 

Impairment
Financial assets
The Company assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS 109 
(‘Financial instruments’) requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. The Company recognises lifetime 
expected losses for all contract assets and/ or all trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction. For all other financial 
assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the 
life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.

Impairment of non-financial assets
Non-financial assets including Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability 
whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable 
amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset 
does  not  generate  cash  flows  that  are  largely  independent  of  those  from  other  assets.  In  such  cases,  the  recoverable  amount  is 
determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or 
CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

For  assets  excluding  goodwill,  an  assessment  is  made  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  an  indication  that 
previously  recognised  impairment  losses  no  longer  exist  or  have  decreased.  If  such  indication  exists,  the  Company  estimates  the 
asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the 
assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited 
so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have 
been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised 
in the standalone statement of profit and loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case, the reversal is treated 
as a revaluation increase.

Equity investments in subsidiaries
Investments in subsidiaries are classified as non-current investments. Impairment recognized, if any, is reduced from the carrying 
value.

On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the 
standalone statement of profit and loss.

Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception 
of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or 
assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

i. 

j. 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

Company as a lessee:
A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and 
rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease.

Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date at fair value of the leased property or, if lower, 
at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the 
lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in 
finance costs in the standalone statement of profit and loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case 
they are capitalized in accordance with the Company’s general policy on the borrowing costs. A leased asset is depreciated over the 
useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease 
term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the standalone statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over 
the lease term unless the lease escalations are linked to inflation, in such a case the lease expense is recognised as per the terms of 
the lease arrangement.

k.  Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of 
another entity.

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contract that gives rise to financial assets 
and liabilities. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the 
acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through 
profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.

Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are 
subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to 
be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

Financial assets at amortized cost
Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to 
hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates 
to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business 
whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the 
financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount 
outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other 
comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets at fair 
value through profit or loss are immediately recognised in standalone statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration 
recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. For trade and other payables 
maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these 
instruments.

Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities
The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers 
the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109. A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) 

100 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

is  derecognized  when  the  obligation  specified  in  the  contract  is  discharged  or  cancelled  or  expires.  When  an  existing  financial 
asset/ liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are 
substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of 
a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

Embedded derivatives
If the hybrid contract contains a host that is a financial asset within the scope of Ind AS 109, the Company does not separate embedded 
derivatives. Rather, it applies the classification requirements contained in Ind AS 109 to the entire hybrid contract. Derivatives embedded 
in all other host contracts are accounted for as separate derivatives and recorded at fair value if their economic characteristics and 
risks are not closely related to those of the host contracts and the host contracts are not held for trading or designated at fair value 
though profit or loss. These embedded derivatives are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss, 
unless designated as effective hedging instruments.

Compound financial instruments
Compound financial instruments in the form of Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds (“FCCBs”) are separated into liability and equity 
components based on the terms of the contract. On issuance of the Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds, the fair value of the liability 
component is determined using a market rate for an equivalent non-convertible instrument. This amount is classified as a financial 
liability measured at amortized cost (net of transaction costs) until it is extinguished on conversion or redemption.

The remainder of the proceeds is allocated to the conversion option that is recognised and included in other equity since conversion 
option meets Ind AS 32 criteria for fixed to fixed classification. Transaction costs are deducted from other equity, net of associated 
income tax. The carrying amount of the conversion option is not remeasured in subsequent years.

Transaction costs are apportioned between the liability and equity components of the Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds based on 
the allocation of proceeds to the liability and equity components when the instruments are initially recognised.

Reclassification of financial assets
The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification 
is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a 
reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model 
are expected to be infrequent. The Company’s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external 
or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in 
the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If 
the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first 
day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously 
recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the standalone balance sheet if there is a currently 
enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and 
settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Fair value of financial instruments
In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses following hierarchy and assumptions that are based on 
market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date.

Fair value hierarchy
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the standalone financial statements are categorised within the 
fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly 

observable.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the standalone financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines 
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that 
is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

l. 

Borrowing cost
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial 
period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are 
expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with 
the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing 
costs.

m.  Standalone statement of cash flows

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/ (loss) for the period is adjusted for the effects of transactions of 
a non-cash nature or any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses 
associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company 
are segregated.

n.  Employee share based payments

The Company measures compensation cost relating to employee stock options plans using the fair valuation method in accordance 
with Ind AS 102, Share-Based Payment. Compensation expense is amortized over the vesting period of the option on a straight line 
basis. The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate 
valuation  model  (Black-Scholes  valuation  model).  That  cost  is  recognised,  together  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  employee 
stock options reserves in other equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee 
benefits expense. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date 
reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that 
will ultimately vest.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

o.  Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, gratuity and compensated absences.

Defined contribution plans
Contributions  payable  to  recognized  provident  funds,  which  are  defined  contribution  schemes,  are  charged  to  the  standalone 
statement of profit and loss.

Defined benefit plans
Gratuity, which is a defined benefit plan, is accrued based on an independent actuarial valuation, which is done based on project unit 
credit method as at the balance sheet date. The Company recognizes the net obligation of a defined benefit plan in its balance sheet 
as an asset or liability. Gains and losses through re-measurements of the net defined benefit liability/ (asset) are recognized in other 
comprehensive income. In accordance with Ind AS, re-measurement gains and losses on defined benefit plans recognised in OCI are 
not to be subsequently reclassified to the standalone statement of profit and loss. As required under Ind AS compliant Schedule III, the 
Company transfers it immediately to ‘Surplus/ (deficit) in the statement of profit loss’.

Short-term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised during the 
year when the employees render the service. Compensated absences, which are expected to be utilised within the next 12 months, 
are treated as short-term employee benefits. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount 
that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

Long-term employee benefits
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees 
render  the  related  services  are  treated  as  long-term  employee  benefits  for  measurement  purpose.  Such  long-term  compensated 

102 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

absences  are  provided  for  based  on  the  actuarial  valuation  using  the  projected  unit  credit  method  at  the  year  end,  less  the  fair 
value of the plan assets out of which the obligations are expected to be settled. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the 
standalone statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

The Company presents the entire compensated absences balance as a current liability in the balance sheet, since it does not have an 
unconditional right to defer its settlement for twelve months after the reporting date.

p. 

Foreign currencies
Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded in the functional currency of the Company by applying exchange rates prevailing 
on the date of the transaction. For practical reasons, the Company uses an average rate if the average approximates the actual rate 
at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are restated into the functional currency 
using exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date.

Gains and losses arising on settlement and restatement of foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included 
in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

The Company’s standalone financial statements are presented in INR (H). The Company determines the functional currency as INR on 
the basis of primary economic environment in which the entity operates.

q. 

Taxes on income
Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current 
and deferred tax are recognised in standalone statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised 
in other comprehensive income or directly in other equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other 
comprehensive income or directly in other equity, respectively.

Current income tax
Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation 
authorities based on the taxable income for that period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are 
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred income tax
Deferred  income  tax  is  recognised  using  the  balance  sheet  approach,  deferred  tax  is  recognized  on  temporary  differences  at  the 
balance sheet date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes, except 
when  the  deferred  income  tax  arises  from  the  initial  recognition  of  goodwill  or  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  that  is  not  a 
business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused tax credits and unused 
tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, 
and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no 
longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred  income  taxes  are  not  provided  on  the  undistributed  earnings  of  branches  where  it  is  expected  that  the  earnings  of  the 
branch will not be distributed in the foreseeable future.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is 
realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance 
sheet date.

Deferred tax assets include Minimum Alternative Tax (“MAT”) paid in accordance with the tax laws in India, which is likely to give 
future economic benefits in the form of availability of set off against future income tax liability. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as 
deferred tax asset in the balance sheet when the asset can be measured reliably and it is probable that the future economic benefit 
associated with the asset will be realized.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

r. 

Provision and contingencies
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event and it is probable 
that  an  outflow  of  resources  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation,  in  respect  of  which  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the 
amount of the obligation. If the effect of time value of money is material, provision is discounted using a current pre-tax rate that 
reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage 
of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Provisions for onerous contracts, i.e. contracts where the expected unavoidable costs of meeting obligations under a contract exceed 
the economic benefits expected to be received, are recognized when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic 
benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of an obligating event, based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-
occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized 
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in 
extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does 
not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the standalone financial statements.

s. 

Earnings/ (loss) per share
Basic earnings/ (loss) per share is computed by dividing the profit/ (loss) after tax attributable to the equity holders of the Company 
by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the 
profit/ (loss) after tax as adjusted for dividend, interest (net of any attributable taxes) other charges to expense or income relating 
to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per 
share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential 
equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit 
per share or increase the net loss per share. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the 
period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had 
the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are 
determined independently for each period presented.

t. 

Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organization 
and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for 
which operating profit/ loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the Executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources 
and in assessing performance. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which major operating divisions of the 
Company operate.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, 
segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to the segments on the basis of their relationship to 
the operating activities of the segment.

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the relative contribution of each segment to the total common 
costs.

Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable 
basis have been included under ‘unallocated revenue/ expenses/ assets/ liabilities’.

104 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018
3.  Property, plant and equipment 

 Computer 
equipment 

 Furniture and 
fixtures 

 Vehicles 

 Office 
equipment 

Cost
As at April 1, 2016
Additions
Disposals
As at March 31, 2017
Additions
Disposals
Transfer on account of restructuring (refer note 31)
As at March 31, 2018

Depreciation
As at April 1, 2016
Charge for the year
Disposals
As at March 31, 2017
Charge for the year
Disposals
Transfer on account of restructuring (refer note 31)
As at March 31, 2018
Net block
As at March 31, 2017
As at March 31, 2018

4. 

Intangible assets

Cost
As at April 1, 2016
Additions
Disposals
As at March 31, 2017
Additions
Disposals
Transfer on account of restructuring (refer note 31)
As at March 31, 2018

Amortization
As at April 1, 2016
Amortization for the year
Disposals
As at March 31, 2017
Amortization for the year
Disposals
Transfer on account of restructuring (refer note 31)
As at March 31, 2018
Net block
As at March 31, 2017
As at March 31, 2018

 501 
 252 
 (1)
 752 
 193 
 (1)
 (884)
 60 

 204 
 227 
 - 
 431 
 145 
 (1)
 (531)
 44 

 321 
 16 

 7 
 - 
 - 
 7 
 1 
 - 
 (7)
 1 

 2 
 2 
 - 
 4 
 1 
 - 
 (5)
 - 

 3 
 1 

 1 
 11 
 - 
 12 
 1 
 - 
 - 
 13 

 - 
 2 
 - 
 2 
 2 
 - 
 - 
 4 

 10 
 9 

 38 
 12 
 - 
 50 
 8 
 (2)
 (52)
 4 

 12 
 10 
 - 
 22 
 7 
 - 
 (28)
 1 

 28 
 3 

 (H in Lakhs)
 Total 

 547 
 275 
 (1)
 821 
 203 
 (3)
 (943)
 78 

 218 
 241 
 - 
 459 
 155 
 (1)
 (564)
 49 

 362 
 29 

Computer 
software 

Intellectual property 
rights*

 (H in Lakhs)
Total 

 117 
 78 
 - 
 195 
 2 
 - 
 (67)
 130 

 43 
 32 
 - 
 75 
 65 
 - 
 (10)
 130 

 120 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 6,078 
 - 
 - 
 6,078 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 483 
 - 
 - 
 483 

 - 
 5,595 

 117 
 78 
 - 
 195 
 6,080 
 - 
 (67)
 6,208 

 43 
 32 
 - 
 75 
 548 
 - 
 (10)
 613 

 120 
 5,595 

*The Company, vide agreement dated June 7, 2017, purchased Intellectual Property Rights (“IPR”), pertaining to its Network Analytics 
portfolio from its subsidiary Subex Americas Inc., for a purchase consideration of US$ 9.4 Million (H 6,078 Lakhs) based on valuation carried 
out by an external valuer. The aforesaid acquisition would enable the Company to consolidate the Intellectual Property Rights embedded 
in various software products, which would enhance the product offering portfolio of the Company.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 105

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

5. 

Investments

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

Non-current
Investments carried at cost*
A.  

Investments in equity shares of wholly owned subsidiaries  
(unquoted equity instruments)
100 (March 31, 2017: 100) equity shares fully paid-up, no-par value, in Subex Americas 
Inc. [Impairment on investment H 76,560 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 76,560 Lakhs)]
4,999,994  (March  31,  2017:  4,999,994)  equity  shares  of  H  10  each  fully  paid-
up  in  Subex  Technologies  Limited  [Impairment  on  investment    H  500  Lakhs 
(March 31, 2017: H 500 Lakhs)]
Nil (March 31, 2017: 5,039,565,245) equity shares of GBP 0.00001 each fully paid-up in 
Subex (UK) Limited**
Nil (March 31, 2017: 1) equity shares of AED 150,000 each fully paid-up, in Subex Middle 
East (FZE)**

B.  

Investment in limited liability partnership firms (refer note 1, 23 & 31)
Investment in Subex Assurance LLP in form of capital contribution of H 61,564 Lakhs and 
share of profit of H 635 Lakhs for the period ended March 31, 2018
Investment in Subex Digital LLP in form of capital contribution of H 1,869 Lakhs and share 
of loss of H 598 Lakhs for the period ended March 31, 2018

Total Investments carried at cost (A+B)
Aggregate amount of unquoted investments in subsidiaries
Aggregate amount of impairment on investments

 936 

- 

- 

- 

 936 

- 

64,738 

27 

936 

65,701 

62,199 

1,271 

63,470 
64,406 
141,466 
77,060 
64,406 

- 

- 

- 
65,701 
142,761 
77,060 
65,701 

* As at March 31, 2018, the Company has assessed the carrying value of the investment in its subsidiaries, based on future operational 
plan, projected cash flows and valuation carried out by an external valuer. Considering the aforesaid valuation, the management is of the 
view that, the carrying value of the investment in subsidiaries as at March 31, 2018 is appropriate.

**Pursuant to the restructuring, Subex Limited has transferred its investment in equity shares of wholly owned subsidiaries Subex (UK) 
Limited and Subex Middle East (FZE) to Subex Assurance LLP. Also, refer note 31.

6. 
Loans
Unsecured
Carried at amortized cost

Non-current

Loans to related parties (refer note 33)

Considered good
Considered doubtful 
Less: Allowances for doubtful loans and advances

Others (considered good)
Security deposits

Current (considered good)

Loans and advances to employees

106 | SUBEX LIMITED

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 1,706 
 (1,706)
 - 

 35 
 35 

 6 
 6 

 - 
 2,095 
 (2,095)
 - 

 349 
 349 

 180 
 180 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

7.   Other balances with banks

Non-current

Other bank balances (refer note 9)
Margin money deposits

8.   Trade receivables*
Unsecured
Carried at amortized cost

Non-current

Considered good
Considered doubtful
Less: Allowance for doubtful debts**

Current 

Considered good

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 - 

 126 
 126 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 2,228 
 (2,228)
 - 

 1,364 
 1,364 

 - 
 10,408 
 (10,408)
 - 

 18,966 
 18,966 

*includes dues from related parties. Refer note 33.
**During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Company has written off bad debts amounting to H 1,621 Lakhs (March 31, 2017 : H 4,855 
Lakhs) including related party receivables from its allowances for doubtful debts.

As at March 31, 2017, the Company had netted off  H 28,735 Lakhs of trade receivables from its subsidiaries against trade payables to the 
respective subsidiaries pursuant to approval from its Authorised Dealer.

No trade or other receivable are due from directors or other officers of the Company either severally or jointly with any other person. 
Further, there are no trade or other receivables which are due from firms or private companies in which any director is a partner, a director 
or a member.

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on terms of 30 to 180 days.

9.   Cash and cash equivalents

Current

Balance with banks

In current accounts 
In EEFC accounts

Non-current

Other balances with banks

Deposits with remaining maturity for more than 12 months

Less: Disclosed under other balances with banks (Non-current) (refer note 7)

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 211 
 - 
 211 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 130 
 21 
 151 

 126 
 126 
 (126)
 - 

For the purpose of the standalone statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise the total of current portion of cash and 
cash equivalents as above.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

10.   Other financial assets
Unsecured, considered good
Carried at amortized cost 

Non-current

Advance recoverable from former directors [refer note 35(b)(iii)]

Current

Unbilled revenue
Interest accrued but not due on bank deposits

11.   Income tax assets (net) 

Non-current 

Advance income-tax [net of provision for taxation H 612 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 665 Lakhs)]

12.  Deferred tax asset

Non-Current 

Minimum alternative tax ('MAT') credit entitlement (refer note 21)

13.  Other assets

Non-current

Balance with statutory/ government authorities*
Advance recoverable in cash or kind

Prepaid expenses

Current

Balance with statutory/ government authorities
Advance recoverable in cash or kind

Prepaid expenses
Advance to suppliers

Expenses incurred on behalf of customers

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 234 
 234 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 234 
 234 

 2,526 
 10 
 2,536 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 2,494 

 2,494 

 1,873 

 1,873 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 425 
 425 

 478 
 478 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 267 

 21 
 288 

 - 

 48 
 1 
 12 
 61 

 267 

 297 
 564 

 60 

 538 
 169 
 56 
 823 

*Balance  represents  service  tax  erroneously  paid  by  the  Company  during  the  financial  years  2004  to  2008,  under  reverse  charge 
mechanism, for which refund application has been filed with the service tax department and the same is under dispute. The Company is 
contesting the same and the management including its tax advisors are confident of obtaining the refund.

108 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

14.  Share capital

Authorised share capital
Equity shares of H 10 each
As at April 1, 2016
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2017
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2018

Preference shares of H 98 each
As at April 1, 2016
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2017
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2018

Issued, subscribed and fully paid-up share capital
Equity shares of H 10 each issued, subscribed and fully paid-up*
As at April 1, 2016 
Issued during the year - Conversion of FCCBs
As at March 31, 2017
Issued during the year - Preferential issue of equity shares [refer note 14(e)]
As at March 31, 2018*

 No. 

 (H in Lakhs)

H in Lakhs

 545,040,000 
 -   
 545,040,000 
 43,000,000 
 588,040,000 

 200,000 
 -   
 200,000 
 -   
 200,000 

 502,811,646 
 4,096,290 
 506,907,936 
 55,094,999 
 562,002,935 

 54,504 
 -   
 54,504 
 4,300 
 58,804 

 196 
 -   
 196 
 -   
 196 

 50,281 
 410 
 50,691 
 5,509 
 56,200 

*includes 243,207 (March 31, 2017: 243,207) shares in respect of which Global Depository Receipts of the Company are listed on London 
Stock Exchange.

(a)   Terms/ rights attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of H 10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote 
per share and such amount of dividend per share as declared by the Company. The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. 
The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

The Company has not declared any dividend during the years ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017. 

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of the equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, 
after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

(b)   Details of shares held by each shareholder [together with  Persons Acting in Concert(PAC)] holding  more than 5% shares  in the Company
Equity shares of H 10 each issued, subscribed and fully paid-up

Name of the shareholders

 As at March 31, 2018 
 No. 

 % of total 
shares 

 As at March 31, 2017 
 No. 

 % of total 
shares 

Tonbridge (Mauritius) Limited and Leeds (Mauritius) Limited
QVT Singapore Fund Pte. Ltd.
QVT Mauritius West Fund & Quintessence Mauritius West Fund
Deutsche Bank AG London -CB Account
Nomura Singapore Limited

 27,563,571 
 27,531,428 
 -   
 -   
 -   

 -   

 4.90 
 4.90 
 -   
 -   

 -   
 -   
 47,843,816 
 17,436,426 
 2,806,956 

 -   
 -   
 9.44 
 3.44 
 0.55 

As  per  records  of  the  Company,  including  its  register  of  shareholders/members  and  other  declarations  received  from  shareholders 
regarding beneficial interest, the above shareholding represents both legal and beneficial ownership of shares.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 109

 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

14.  Share capital (contd.)

c)   Shares reserved for issue under options (No.)

(i)   Outstanding  employee  stock  options  under  below  schemes,  granted/  available  for 

grant: (refer note 36)

ESOP III
ESOP IV

(ii) 

 FCCBs (refer note 16)

FCCBs III

As at 
March 31, 2018 

As at 
March 31, 2017 

 24,055 
 - 

 - 
 24,055 

 92,368 
 28,301 

 15,522,785 
 15,643,454 

d)   Aggregate number of bonus shares issued, shares issued for consideration other than cash and shares bought back during the 

period of five years immediately preceding the reporting date:

Equity shares (No.)

Equity shares allotted as fully paid-up pursuant to contract (no.)
[In  accordance  with  the  terms  of  FCCBs  III,  out  of  the  principal  face  value  of  
US$ 127.72 Million (H 71,593 Lakhs), an amount of US$ 36.32 Million (H 20,359 Lakhs) 
were mandatorily converted into equity shares  on July 07, 2012].

As at 
March 31, 2018 

As at 
March 31, 2017 

 89,335,462 

 89,335,462 

e)   During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Company made an allotment of 55,094,999 equity shares of the Company on a preferential 
basis at an issue price of H 14 per equity share (Face value of H 10 per equity share) amounting to H 7,713 Lakhs under section 42 of the 
Companies Act, 2013. 

15.   Other equity

Equity component of compound financial instruments
Balance as per last financial statements
Less: Conversion of FCCBs
Less: Transfer to surplus/(deficit) in the statement of profit and loss*
Closing balance

Capital reserve
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Additions during the year on account of restructuring (refer note 31)
Closing balance

Securities premium
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Additions during the year on conversion of FCCBs
Add: Additions during the year on account of preferential issue of equity shares [refer note 14 (e)]
Closing balance

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 205 
 - 
 (205)
 - 

 - 
 2,776 
 2,776 

 24,501 
 - 
 2,204 
 26,705 

 259 
 (54)
 - 
 205 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 24,378 
 123 
 - 
 24,501 

110 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

15.   Other equity

(contd.)

General reserve
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Additions during the year
Closing balance

Employee stock options reserve
Balance as per last financial statements
Less: Compensation on ESOP cancelled/lapsed during the year
Add: Deferred stock compensation expenses
Closing balance

Surplus/(deficit) in the statement of profit and loss 
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Profit/(loss) for the year
Add: Residual portion on account of FCCBs conversion
Add: Transfer from equity component of compound financial instrument*
Less: OCI - Remeasurement loss on defined benefit obligations
Closing balance

Summary of other equity:
Equity component of compound financial instruments
Capital Reserve (refer note 31)
Securities premium account
General reserve
Employee stock options reserve
Surplus/(deficit) in the statement of profit and loss 
Total other equity

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 1,780 
 - 
 1,780 

 6 
 (5)
 - 
 1 

 (13,457)
 32 
 - 
 205 
 (8)
 (13,228)

 - 
 2,776 
 26,705 
 1,780 
 1 
 (13,228)
 18,034 

 1,780 
 - 
 1,780 

 16 
 (10)
 - 
 6 

 (12,996)
 (683)
 255 
 - 
 (33)
 (13,457)

 205 
 - 
 24,501 
 1,780 
 6 
 (13,457)
 13,035 

*Upon repayment of FCCBs, the residual portion of equity component of compound financial instrument in relation to the same, has been 
transferred to surplus/(deficit) in the statement of profit and loss.

16.  Borrowings
Carried at amortized cost

Non-current

Foreign currency convertible bonds*
Current maturities of long-term borrowings (secured)

Less: Disclosed under other financial liabilities (current) (refer note 18) 

Current 

Loans repayable on demand from banks (Secured)

Loan type - I [refer note (i) & (iii)]
Loan type - II [refer note (i), (ii) and (iii)]

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 2,277 
 2,277 
 (2,277)
 - 

 5,216 
 3,374 
 8,590 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

16.  Borrowings (contd.)

*Secured FCCBs were carried at amortized cost at an effective interest rate of 9% p.a. (March 31, 2017: 9% p.a.) with maturity date of 
July 07, 2017.  On June 30, 2017, the Company redeemed outstanding FCCBs III amounting to US$ 3.6 Million (H 2,336 Lakhs) and paid 
accrued interest of US$ 0.1 Million (H 67 Lakhs) on the aforesaid bonds. On July 6, 2017, the deferred interest in respect of aforesaid bonds 
for the period July 6, 2012 to January 6, 2016 amounting to US$ 0.72 Million (H 467 Lakhs) was paid. As at March 31, 2018, there are no 
outstanding FCCBs and related interest.

(i)  The secured loan from banks were secured by primary charge on customer receivables and paripassu first charge on the current assets 
of the Company, and collateral paripassu first charge on the fixed assets of the Company. Pursuant to the restructuring of the Company, Loan 
type - I was transferred to Subex Assurance LLP and Loan type - II was repaid on October 31, 2017 and the aforesaid security was released.

(ii)  Further, the Company had submitted a corporate guarantee by Subex Technologies Limited of H 4,205 Lakhs and Subex (UK) Limited of 
H 4,205 Lakhs and pledged it’s 100% shares in Subex (UK) Limited. Pursuant to the restructuring, the loan was repaid on October 31, 2017 
and the aforesaid securities have been released.

(iii)  Loans repayable on demand from bank as at March 31, 2018 consisted of Cash Credit (CC) H Nil (March 31, 2017: H 2,934 Lakhs),  
Pre-shipment Credit in Foreign Currency (PCFC) H Nil (March 31, 2017: H 1,420 Lakhs) and Export Bill Rediscounting (EBRD) H Nil (March 31, 
2017: H 4,237 Lakhs), which carried an average interest rate of 10.14%, 3.10% and 4.16% (March 31, 2017: 11.67%, 3.89% and 5.51%) 
respectively. During the current year, the facilities in relation to Loan type - I were transferred to Subex Assurance LLP and Loan type - II 
were repaid, pursuant to the restructuring.

17.   Trade payables*
Carried at amortized cost

Current

Trade payables

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

- total outstanding dues of micro enterprises and small enterprises**
- total outstanding dues of creditors other than micro enterprises and small enterprises

 - 
 415 
 415 

 - 
 14,383 
 14,383 

*includes dues to related parties. Refer note 33.    

Terms and conditions of the above financial liabilities:
-  trade payables are non-interest bearing and are normally settled on 30 - 45 days terms.

-  for explanations on the Company’s credit risk management, refer note 40.

**There are no micro, small and medium enterprises to whom the Company owes any dues as at March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017. This 
information has been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company.

18.   Other current financial liabilities
Carried at amortized cost

Employee related liabilities
Interest accrued but not due on borrowings
Current maturities of long term borrowings (refer note 16)

112 | SUBEX LIMITED

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 49 
 - 
 - 
 49 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 
 694 
 501 
 2,277 
 3,472 

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

19.   Other current liabilities

Unearned revenue
Statutory dues

20.   Provisions

Non-current

Provisions for employee benefits

Gratuity [refer note 37(b)]

Current

Provisions for employee benefits

Gratuity [refer note 37(b)]
Leave benefits
Provision for litigations*

 (H in Lakhs)

As at 
March 31, 2018 

As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 51 
 51 

 1,001 
 215 
 1,216 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 1 
 1 

 3 
 9 
 100 
 112 

 250 
 250 

 31 
 135 
 100 
 266 

*Provision for litigations consists of  matters which are sub-judice. There is no movement in the provision during the current and previous 
years, refer note 35(b) for further details.

21.  Income tax liabilities (net)

Current

Provision for tax [net of advance tax H 234 Lakhs (March 31, 2017:  H 202 Lakhs)]
Provision for foreign taxes 
Provision for litigation [net of tax deducted at source H 62 Lakhs (March 31, 2017:  
H 62 Lakhs)]*

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 150 

 34 

 102 

 286 

 182 

 276 

 102 

 560 

*Provision for litigations consists of  matters which are sub-judice. There is no movement in the provision during the current and previous 
year, refer note 35(b) for further details.  

Income tax expense in the standalone statement of profit and loss consist of the following:

Tax expense:

Current tax (credit)/ charge
Provision - foreign witholding taxes (net)*
MAT charge/ (credit)

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 (53)
 157 
 53 
 157 

 94 
 254 
 (94)
 254 

Notes:
*Provision for foreign withholding taxes represents provision in respect of withholding taxes deducted/ deductible by customers.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 113

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

21.  Income tax liabilities (net) (contd.)

Reconciliation of tax to the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rate to the income before tax is summarized below: 
 (H in Lakhs)

Profit/ (loss) before tax expense
Applicable tax rates in India
Computed tax charge (A)

Components of tax expense:

Provision for foreign withholding taxes (net)
MAT provision at 18.5% on the adjusted book profits of the Company in accordance 
with the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961
Reversal of tax charge in relation to earlier periods
Impact of allowances and disallowances as per Income Tax Act, 1961 (net)
MAT credit entitlement (available)/ reversed on the MAT provision as mentioned 
above as per the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961

Total adjustments (B)

Total tax expense (A+B)

22.  Revenue from operations

Sale of products
Sale of services

Details of products sold
Sale of license
Sale of hardware and software

Details of services rendered

Implementation and customisation
Managed services
Support services
Sub-contracting services
Others

23.  Share of profit/ (loss), (net), from Limited Liability Partnerships*

Share of profit from Subex Assurance LLP
Share of loss from Subex Digital LLP

*refer note 31

114 | SUBEX LIMITED

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 189 
34.61%
 65 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 (429)
34.61%
 - 

 157 
 - 

 (53)
 (65)
 53 

 92 

 157 

 254 
 94 

 - 
 - 
 (94)

 254 

 254 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 725 
 17,268 
 17,993 

 725 
 - 
 725 

 1,268 
 2,222 
 2,693 
 11,085 
 - 
 17,268 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 1,332 
 31,109 
 32,441 

 1,168 
 164 
 1,332 

 3,853 
 4,035 
 4,498 
 18,715 
 8 
 31,109 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 635 
 (598)
 37 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 -   
 -   
 -   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

24.  Other income

Write back of withholding taxes paid earlier (refer note 43)
Net gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Miscellaneous income
Interest income on:

Security deposits
Bank deposits
Inter-company loans and advances

25.  Employee benefits expense

Salaries, wages and bonus
Contribution to provident and other funds
Staff welfare expenses

26.  Finance cost

Interest

Foreign currency convertible bonds
Other borrowings
Other finance charges
Bank charges

27.  Depreciation and amortization expense

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (refer note 3)
Amortization of intangible assets (refer note 4)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 30 
-
 2 

 21 
 7 
 6 
 66 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 5,684 
 214 
 350 
 6,248 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 1,037 
1
-

 36 
 11 
 168 
 1,253 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 7,865 
 331 
 341 
 8,537 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 95 
 294 
 11 
 147 
 547 

 494 
 657 
 21 
 333 
 1,505 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 155 
 548 
 703 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 241 
 32 
 273 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 115

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

28.  Other expenses

Cost of hardware, software and support charges
Sub-contract charges
Rent
Power and fuel
Repairs and maintenance

Building
Others

Insurance
Communication costs
Printing and stationery
Traveling and conveyance
Rates and taxes
Advertisement and business promotion
Consultancy charges
Payments to auditors [refer note 28(i)]
Sales commission
Marketing and allied service charges
Provision for doubtful debts (net)
Exchange fluctuation loss (net)
Directors sitting fees
Loss on sale of fixed assets (net)
Miscellaneous expenses

28(i).  Payments to the auditors*

As auditor
Audit fee
Tax audit fee

In other capacity
Other services (certification services)
Reimbursement of expenses

*Payment to auditors is exclusive of goods and services tax/ service tax.

29.  Exceptional items (net)

Inter company balances [refer note 29(i)]

(i)  
Provision for doubtful advances no longer required written back

(ii)   Impairment of investments in subsidiaries [refer note 29(ii)]

116 | SUBEX LIMITED

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 398 
 90 
 765 
 124 

 45 
 322 
 57 
 75 
 38 
 1,154 
 130 
 87 
 483 
 114 
 54 
 6,658 
 (182)
 311 
 73 
 2 
 - 
 10,798 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 574 
 148 
 1,264 
 185 

 108 
 368 
 90 
 98 
 27 
 1,909 
 66 
 128 
 553 
 122 
 37 
 11,676 
 1,094 
 713 
 49 
- 
 8 
 19,217 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 87 
 4 

 15 
 8 
 114 

 100 
 4 

 5   
 13 
 122 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 389 
 389 
 - 
 - 
 389 

 1,579 
 1,579 
 (6,170)
 (6,170)
 (4,591)

 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

29(i)  Represent, provision for doubtful advances no longer required written back upon collection of the loans and advances from its 
overseas subsidiaries which were provided during the year ended March 31, 2016.

29(ii) As at March 31, 2017, basis the valuation carried out by an external valuer, the Company had made an impairment provision of  H6,070 
Lakhs and H100 Lakhs towards the carrying value of its investment in its subsidiaries viz., Subex Americas Inc. and Subex Technologies 
Limited, respectively.

30.   Earnings/ (loss) per share
Basic earnings/ (loss) per share (EPS) amounts are calculated by dividing the profit/ (loss) for the year attributable to equity holders of 

the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit/ (loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average 

number  of  equity  shares  outstanding  during  the  year  plus  the  weighted  average  number  of  equity  shares  that  would  be  issued  on 

conversion of all the dilutive potential equity shares into equity shares. 

Computation of basic and diluted EPS:

Nominal value per equity share (H per share)
Profit/ (loss) attributable to equity shareholders (H in Lakhs)
Weighted average number of equity shares (No. in Lakhs)
Earnings/ (loss) per share basic and diluted (H per share)*

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 10 

 32 

 5,554 
 0.01 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 10 

 (683)

 5,063 
 (0.13)

*Employee stock options outstanding as at March 31, 2018 and Employee stock options outstanding and foreign currency convertible 

bonds outstanding as at March 31, 2017 are anti-dilutive and accordingly have not been considered for the purpose of computing dilutive 

EPS of the respective years.

31.   Restructuring
The Board of Directors of the Company in its meeting held on August 21, 2017 approved the restructuring of the Company’s business 

by way of transfer of its Revenue Maximization Solutions and related businesses (“RMS business”) and the Subex Secure and Analytics 

solutions and related businesses (“Digital business”) to its subsidiaries, Subex Assurance LLP (“SA LLP”) and Subex Digital LLP (“SD LLP”) 

(together referred to as “LLPs”), respectively, hereinafter referred to as the “Restructuring”, subject to shareholders and other requisite 

approvals, to achieve amongst other aspects, segregation of the Company’s business into separate verticals to facilitate greater focus on 

each business vertical, higher operational efficiencies, and to enhance the Company’s ability to enter into business specific partnerships 

and attract strategic investors at respective business levels, with an overall objective of enhancing shareholder value.

The shareholders of the Company approved the Restructuring by way of special resolution passed through postal ballot on September 23, 

2017 and subsequently, the Board of Directors of the Company in its meeting held on October 4, 2017 approved November 1, 2017 to be 

the effective date of Restructuring.

Accordingly, effective November 1, 2017, the Company’s RMS business and the Digital business have been transferred on a going concern 
basis for a fair value consideration of H 61,564 Lakhs and H 1,869 Lakhs, respectively, in the form of Company’s capital contribution in the 
aforesaid LLPs.

The  Company  has  accounted  for  the  restructuring  in  accordance  with  Appendix  C  (“Common  control  transactions”)  to  Ind  AS  103 
(“Business Combinations”), which requires common control transactions to be recorded at books values. Accordingly, the difference 
between net assets transferred and the capital contribution of H 2,776 Lakhs has been recognised as Capital reserve.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 117

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

31.   Restructuring (contd.)

Balances transferred from Subex Limited to the LLPs pursuant to the restructuring are as follows:

 (H in Lakhs)

 SA LLP 

 SD LLP 

 Total 

(A)

 61,564 

 1,869 

 63,433 

Particulars
Capital contribution
Net assets:
Assets:

Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets
Investment in Subex (UK) Ltd., UK
Investment in Subex Middle East (FZE), UAE
Loans and advances
Trade receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Other balances with banks
Other current financial assets
Other current assets
Total assets (B1)

Liabilities:

Borrowings
Trade payables
Other current financial liabilities
Other current liabilities
Provisions
Total liabilities (B2)

 356 
 57 
 64,739 
 27 
 742 
 9,039 
 1,000 
 37 
 2,076 
 242 
 78,315 

 5,483 
 10,347 
 455 
 1,082 
 382 
 17,749 
 60,566 
 998 

 23 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 81 
 - 
 300 
 - 
 - 
 3 
 407 

 - 
 241 
 46 
 - 
 29 
 316 
 91 
 1,778 

 379 
 57 
 64,739 
 27 
 823 
 9,039 
 1,300 
 37 
 2,076 
 245 
 78,722 

 5,483 
 10,588 
 501 
 1,082 
 411 
 18,065 
 60,657 
 2,776 

Net assets transferred
Capital reserve

(B=B1-B2)
(A-B)

32.  Segment reporting 
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. The 
board of directors of the Company assesses the financial performance and position of the Company. The Chief Executive Officer has been 
identified as the chief operating decision maker.

The  Company  has  identified  a  single  business  segment  being  software  products  and  related  services.  This  being  a  single  segment  no 
additional segment disclosure has been made for the business segment.

The Company’s operations spans across the world and are categorized geographically as (a) Americas, (b) EMEA (c) India and (d) APAC 
and rest of the World. ‘Americas’ comprises the Company’s operations in North America, South America and Canada. ‘EMEA’ comprises the 
Group’s operations in Europe, Middle East and Africa and the Group’s operations in the rest of the world, excluding India are organized 
under ‘APAC and the rest of the world’. Customer relationships are driven based on customer domicile.

Segment revenue by geographical location are as follows*:

Region

Americas
EMEA
India
APAC and rest of the world 

*Revenues by geographic area are based on the geographical location of the customer.

118 | SUBEX LIMITED

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 2,997 
 10,371 
 1,607 
 3,018 
 17,993 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 
 5,199 
 21,047 
 2,642 
 3,553 
 32,441 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

32.  Segment reporting (contd.)

No external customer individually accounted for more than 10% of the total revenue of the Company during the years ended March 31, 
2018 and March 31, 2017. Revenue from certain subsidiaries accounts for more than 10% of the total revenues of the Company. (Refer 
note 33).

Non-current operating assets by geographical location are as follows**:

Region

India
Outside India
Total non-current operating assets

As at
March 31, 2018 

 5,912 
 -   
 5,912 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017 
 1,046 
 -   
 1,046 

**Non-current operating assets includes Property, plant and equipment, Intangible assets, Balance with statutory/ government authorities 
and Prepaid expenses.

33.  Related party transactions
i.   Related parties where control exists 

Wholly owned subsidiaries  

Subex Americas Inc. 

Subex (UK) Limited 

Subex Technologies Limited 

Subex Azure Holdings Inc. 

Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited  

Subex Inc. 

Subex Technologies Inc.(liquidated during the year ended March 31, 2018) 

Subex Middle East (FZE)   

Subex Assurance LLP (w.e.f. April 5, 2018) 

Subex Digital LLP (w.e.f. April 5, 2018) 

ii.  Related parties under Ind AS 24 and Companies Act, 2013 

Key management personnel 

Anil Singhvi  

Surjeet Singh 

Chairman (w.e.f. May 25, 2017) and Independent Director 

Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (Up to March 31, 2018)  

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 

Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (w.e.f April 1, 2018) 

Whole Time Director (w.e.f. May 25, 2017 to October 31, 2017) 

Non Executive, Non Independent Director (w.e.f. November 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018) 

Ashwin Chalapathy 

Whole Time Director (w.e.f. May 25, 2017 to October 31, 2017) 

Non Executive, Non Independent Director (w.e.f. November 1, 2017 to May 4, 2018) 

Nisha Dutt   

Independent Director 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu  

Independent Director  

Sanjeev Aga 

Priyanka Roy 

Mehernaz Dalal 

Ganesh KV 

Independent Director (Up to October 27, 2016) 

Independent Director (Up to March 10, 2017) 

Chief Financial Officer (w.e.f. June 15, 2017) 

Chief Financial Officer, Global Head - Legal and Company Secretary (Up to June 15, 2017)

Annual Report 2017-18 | 119

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

33.  Related party transactions (contd.)

iii.   Details of the transactions with the related parties during the year ended March 31, 2018:

A.  Transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries

Income from software development and services:
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Inc.
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex Americas Inc.
Subex Middle East (FZE)

Marketing and allied service charges:
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Inc.
Subex Americas Inc.
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex Middle East (FZE)

Interest received/ receivable on inter company loans:
Subex Americas Inc.

Employee Stock Option expenses allocated to:
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Inc.

Reimbursement of expenses made to:
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Americas Inc.
Subex Inc.
Subex Technologies Limited

Reimbursement of expenses received from:
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Inc.
Subex Americas Inc.

Provision for doubtful advances/ debts and (provision no longer required written back)
Subex Americas Inc.
Subex Inc.
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Technologies Limited

120 | SUBEX LIMITED

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 5,394 
 2,479 
 2,213 
 288 
 711 
 11,085 

 2,710 
 3,315 
 244 
 356 
 33 
 6,658 

 6 
 6 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 408 
 11 
 10 
 7 
 - 
 1 
 1 
 438 

 756 
 69 
 21 
 29 
 8 
 1 
 884 

 1,173 
 (793)
 (609)
 (148)
(12)
 (389)

 10,587 
 3,322 
 1,886 
 1,479 
 1,441 
 18,715 

 5,153 
 5,149 
 631 
 521 
 222 
 11,676 

 168 
 168 

 1 
 1 
 2 

 - 
 - 
 35 
 29 
 5 
 1 
 1 
 71 

 - 
 - 
 9 
 19 
 11 
 - 
 39 

 (1,579)
 3 
 - 
 - 
-
 (1,576)

   
   
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

33.  Related party transactions (contd.)

A.  Transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries

Bad debts written off:*
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex Americas Inc.

Net off of trade receivables from subsidiaries against trade payables to respective 
subsidiaries during the year:**
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited 
Subex Inc.
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Americas Inc.

Investments in equity shares in wholly owned subsidiaries:
Subex Technologies Limited

Investment made in form of capital contribution:
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP

Share of profit/(loss), (net), from Limited Liability Partnerships:
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP

Impairment on investment during the year:
Subex Americas Inc.
Subex Technologies Limited

Net assets, including investment, transferred pursuant to restructuring (refer note 31):
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP

B.   Transactions with key managerial personnel

Salary and perquisites***
Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Ashwin Chalapathy 
Mehernaz Dalal 
Surjeet Singh 
Ganesh KV 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 480 
 480 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 61,564 
 1,869 
 63,433 

 635 
 (598)
 37 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 60,566
 91 
 60,657 

 766 
 2,637 
 3,403 

 513 
 12,864 
 10,665 
 4,693 
 28,735 

 100 
 100 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 6,070 
 100 
 6,170 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 54 
 45 
 44 
 38 
 37 
 218 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 17 
 77 
 94 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 121

   
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

33.  Related party transactions (contd.)

B.   Transactions with key managerial personnel

Director sitting fees
Anil Singhvi 
Nisha Dutt  
Poornima Prabhu
Sanjeev Aga 
Priyanka Roy  

 (H in Lakhs)

 Year ended  
March 31, 2018 

 Year ended  
March 31, 2017 

 28 
 22 
 23 
 - 
 - 
 73 

 22 
 14 
 - 
 10 
 3 
 49 

*Bad debts written off during the year ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 are from allowances for doubtful debts.

**During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company had netted off  trade receivables from its subsidiaries against trade payables to the 
respective subsidiaries pursuant to approval from its Authorised Dealer. 

***The remuneration to the key managerial personnel does not include the provision/ accruals made on best estimate basis as they are 
determined for the Company as a whole.

iv.   Details of balances receivable from and payable to related parties are as follows:

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

Balances receivable from and payable to wholly owned subsidiaries
Trade receivables
Subex Americas Inc. [Net of provision of H 1,841 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 770 Lakhs)]
Subex UK Limited [Net of provision of H Nil Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 148 Lakhs)]
Subex Inc. [Net of provision of H Nil Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 2,965 Lakhs)]
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited [Net of provision of H 34 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 4,016 Lakhs)]
Subex Middle East (FZE)
Subex Technologies Limited
Subex Digital LLP

Trade payables
Subex (UK) Limited
Subex Inc. 
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited
Subex Americas Inc.
Subex Technologies Limited
Subex Middle East (FZE)
Subex Assurance LLP

Loans and Advances 
Subex Americas Inc. [Net of provision of H Nil Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 377 Lakhs)]
Subex Technologies Limited [Net of provision of H 1,706 Lakhs (March 31, 2017:  H 1,718 Lakhs)]

Outstanding guarantees received from (refer note 16):
Subex Technologies Limited
Subex (UK) Limited

Outstanding guarantees given to:
Subex Assurance LLP

122 | SUBEX LIMITED

 - 

 1 

 363 

 248 

 - 
 - 
 6 
 618 

 - 
 206 
 - 
 2 
 - 
 - 
 127 
 335 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 2,420 

 6,127 

 878 

 1,188 

 1,029 
 1 
 - 
 11,643 

 6,745 
 3,679 
 992 
 1,827 
 1 
 39 
 - 
 13,283 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 4,205 
 4,205 

 8,250 

 - 

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

34.   Disclosure as per Regulation 34(3) and Regulation 53(f) read with Para A of Schedule V of the Securities and Exchange Board of 

India (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015 of the listing agreement with the Stock Exchanges.

Loans and advances given to wholly owned subsidiaries: 

Particulars

Subex Americas Inc.*

Subex Technologies Limited**

 (H in Lakhs)

 As at March 31, 2018 

 As at March 31, 2017 

Outstanding 
Amount

Maximum balance 
outstanding during 
the year

Outstanding 
Amount

Maximum balance 
outstanding during 
the year

 -   

 1,706 

 1,706 

 377 

 1,718 

 377 

 1,718 

 2,095 

 1,948 

 1,718 

*Loans  and  advances  to  Subex  Americas  Inc.,  have  been  collected  and  related  provision  has  been  written  back  H  377  Lakhs  
(March 31, 2017: H 1,579 Lakhs).

**Loans and advances to Subex Technologies Limited is provided as at March 31, 2018: H 1,706 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 1,718 Lakhs).

35.  Commitments and contingent liabilities

a)    Commitments 

Operating leases
The Company is obligated under non-cancellable lease for office and residential space that are renewable on a periodic basis at the 
option of both the lessor and lessee. The total rental expenses for the year under non-cancellable operating leases amounted to H Nil 
Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 698 Lakhs). 

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating lease payable within one year and subsequently, from balance 
sheet date is H Nil (March 31, 2017: H Nil).

The Company leases office facilities, residential facilities and servers under cancellable operating lease agreements. The Company 
intends to renew such leases in the normal course of its business. Total rental expense for the year under cancellable operating leases 
was H 765 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 567 Lakhs)

b)  Contingent liabilities

Income tax demands [refer note (i)]

Service tax demands [refer note (ii)]

Others [refer note (iii)]

Corporate guarantee issued by the Company [refer note (iv) below and note 16]

Bank guarantees (furnished to customers)

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

12,692

 3,687 

 1,293 

 8,250 

 6 

 6,982 

 3,687 

 1,293 

 - 

 119 

Income tax 

i.  
The Company has received assessment orders in respect of each of the financial years from March 31, 2002 to March 31, 2014, wherein 
certain adjustments were made to the taxable income in relation to various matters including adjustments in respect of transfer pricing 
under  section  92CA  of  the  Income  Tax  Act,  1961  and  disallowances  of  certain  expenditures.  These  demands  are  disputed  by  the 
management and the Company has filed appeals against these orders with various appellate authorities. The management is of the view 
that the prices determined by it are at arm’s length, expenditures are deductible based on outcome of previous litigations, and is confident 
that the demands raised by the Assessing Officers are not tenable under the Income Tax Act, 1961. Pending outcome of the aforesaid 
matters under litigation, no provision has been made in the books of account towards these tax demands.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 123

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

35.  Commitments and contingent liabilities (contd.)

ii. 

 Service tax 

The Company has received demand order towards the service tax  on import of certain services and equivalent amount of penalties under 

the provisions of the Finance Act, 1994 along with the consequential interest during the period April 2006 to July 2009. These demands are 

disputed by the management and the Company has filed appeals against these orders with various appellate authorities. The management 

is of the view that the service tax is not applicable on those import of services, and is confident that the demands raised by the Assessing 

Officers are not tenable under law. Pending outcome of the aforesaid matter under litigation, no provision has been made in the books of 

account for these tax demands.

iii.  Others
The Company had received certain claims from ex-directors for an amount of  H 1,293 Lakhs. The aforesaid claims are disputed by the 
Company and the matter is presently under arbitration with the arbitration tribunal. The management is of the view that these claims are 

not tenable. Subsequent to the year ended March 31, 2018, in respect of arbitration concerning one of the ex-directors the Honorable 
Tribunal has passed an award directing the Company to pay a sum of  H 700 Lakhs. The Company has filed an application to set aside the 
order and has also sought an interim stay in this regard. Basis opinion obtained from its legal counsel, the management is of the view that 

the outcome of the matter is not predictable at this point. Accordingly, no provision is made in this regard and the same has been disclosed 

as contingent liability.

The Company has also claimed the excess managerial remuneration of H 124 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 124 Lakhs) paid to the aforementioned 
ex-directors during the year ended March 31, 2013, in excess of the limits prescribed under Schedule XIII of the Companies Act, 1956 which 

has been treated as monies due from the directors, being held by them in trust for the Company, and other advances paid to directors 
during the year 2012-13 amounting to H 110 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 110 Lakhs). The aggregate amount of H 234 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: 
H 234 Lakhs) is included in ‘Other Financial Assets’ in the financial statements. Pending final outcome of the litigations, no provision has 
been made in the books of account in this regard.

iv.  Corporate Guarantee

With effect from November 1, 2017, the Company has given corporate guarantee to the lenders of its subsidiary, Subex Assurance LLP, of  
H 8,250 Lakhs for the purpose of availing of working capital loan facilities by the said subsidiary.

v. 

The Company has issued comfort letter to provide continued financial support to its subsidiary viz., Subex Americas Inc., to ensure that 

the entity is able to meet its commitments and liabilities as they fall due and it continues as a going concern.

36.  Employee stock options plans (‘ESOPs’)

The Company during the years 2005-2006 and 2008-09 has established equity settled ESOP schemes of ESOP III and ESOP IV respectively. As 

per these schemes, the Compensation Committee grants the options to the employees deemed eligible by the Advisory Board constituted 

for the purpose. The options are granted at a price, which is not less than 85% of the average market price of the underlying shares based 

on the quotation on the Stock Exchange where the highest volume of shares are traded for 15 days prior to the date of grant. The shares 

granted vest over a period of 1 to 4 years and can be exercised over a maximum period of 3 years from the date of vesting.

124 | SUBEX LIMITED

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

36.  Employee stock options plans (‘ESOPs’) (contd.)

Employees stock options details as on the balance sheet date are: 

Options outstanding at the beginning of the year

ESOP – III

ESOP – IV

Cancelled, surrendered or lapsed during the year

ESOP – III

ESOP – IV

Options outstanding at the end of the year

ESOP – III

ESOP – IV

Options exercisable at the end of the year

ESOP – III

ESOP – IV    

2017-18
Options (no.) Weighted average 
exercise price per 
stock option (H)

2016-17
Options (no.) Weighted average 
exercise price per 
stock option (H)

 92,368 

 28,301 

 68,313 

 28,301 

 24,055 

 - 

 24,055 

 - 

 22.97 

 28.44 

 24.67 

28.44

 18.24 

 - 

 18.24 

 - 

 1,44,979 

 1,30,500 

 52,611 

 1,02,199 

 92,368 

 28,301 

 92,368 

 28,301 

 24.28 

 28.51 

26.54

28.53

 22.97 

 28.44 

 22.99 

 28.44 

Details of weighted average remaining contractual life and range of exercise prices for the options outstanding at the balance sheet 
date:

Weighted average remaining 
contractual life(years)*

2017-18

2016-17

 1.26 

 -   

 1.99 

 0.67 

Range of exercise prices (H)

2017-18
 10.26 - 54.83 

2016-17
 10.26 - 54.83 

 -   

 28.44 

ESOP – III

ESOP – IV    

*considering vesting and exercise period

37.   Employee benefit plans

a)    Provident fund
The Company makes contributions for qualifying employees to Provident Fund which is defined contribution plan. Under the scheme, the 
Company is required to contribute a specified percentage of the payroll costs to fund the benefits.  The Company recognized H 198 Lakhs 
(March 31, 2017: H 281 Lakhs) for Provident Fund contributions.

b)    Gratuity
The Company offers Gratuity benefits to employees, a defined benefit plan, Gratuity plan is governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. 

Under gratuity plan, every employee who has completed at least five years of service gets a gratuity on departure @15 days of last drawn 

salary for each completed year of service. The scheme is funded with an insurance company in the form of qualifying insurance policy.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

37.   Employee benefit plans (contd.)

The following tables set out the status of the gratuity plan:

Disclosure as per Ind AS 19

A. Change in defined benefit obligation

B.

Obligations at beginning of the year
Service cost
Interest cost
Benefits settled
Actuarial loss (through OCI)
Liability transferred pursuant to restructuring (refer note 31)
Obligations at end of the year
Change in plan assets
Plan assets at beginning of the year, at fair value
Expected return on plan assets
Actuarial gain (through OCI)
Contributions
Benefits settled
Asset transferred pursuant to restructuring (refer note 31)
Plan assets at the end of the year

Present value of defined benefit obligation at the end of the year
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year

C. Net liability recognised in the standalone balance sheet

D.

E.

F.

Expenses recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss:
Service cost
Interest cost (net)
Net gratuity cost

Re-measurement gains/(losses) in OCI
Actuarial loss due to financial assumption changes
Actuarial loss due to experience adjustments
Actuarial gain - return on plan assets greater than discount rate
Total expenses recognised through OCI

Assumptions
Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets
Salary escalation
Attrition rate
Retirement age

126 | SUBEX LIMITED

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 425 
 42 
 17 
 (51)
 9 
 (420)
 22 

 144 
 6 
 1 
 60 
 (51)
 (142)
 18 

 (22)
 18 
 (4)

 406 
 56 
 30 
 (101)
 34 
 - 
 425 

 115 
 9 
 1 
 120 
 (101)
 -   
 144 

 (425)
 144 
 (281)

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended
March 31, 2018

Year ended
March 31, 2017

 42 
 11 
 53 

 -   
 9 
 (1)
 8 

 56 
 21 
 77 

 11 
 23 
 (1)
 33 

7.60%
7.00%
8.00%
18.00%
 60 years 

7.00%
7.60%
8.00%
18.00%
 60 years 

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

37.   Employee benefit plans (contd.)

G.

Five years pay-outs
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
After 5th Year

H.

Contribution likely to be made for the next one year

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 3 
 3 
 3 
 3 
 3 
 20 

3 

 31 
 60 
 57 
 55 
 51 
 340 

 120 

The estimate of future salary increases considered, takes into account the inflation, seniority, promotion, increments and other relevant 

factors, benefit obligation such as supply and demand in the employment market.

I. 

The major categories of plan assets as a percentage of the fair value of total plan assets are as follows:

Investment with insurer

J. 

Sensitivity analysis

As at
March 31, 2018

100%

As at
March 31, 2017
100%

Year ended March 31, 2018

Year ended March 31, 2017

 (H in Lakhs)

Effect of change in discount rate

 0.5% increase 

 0.5% decrease 

0.5% increase

0.5% decrease

Impact on defined benefit obligation increase/ (decrease)

 (1)

 1 

 (9)

 10 

Effect of change in salary

 1% increase 

 1% decrease 

1% increase

1% decrease

Impact on defined benefit obligation increase/ (decrease)

 1 

 (1)

 16 

 (15)

Effect of change in withdrawal

 5% increase 

 5% decrease 

 5% increase 

 5% decrease 

Impact on defined benefit obligation increase/ (decrease)

 (1)

 1 

 (9)

 8 

38.   Capital management

The Company’s objective is to maintain a strong capital base to ensure sustained growth in business and to maximise the shareholders 

value. The capital management focusses to maintain an optimal structure that balances growth and maximizes shareholder value.

Particulars

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

A.  Total equity attributable to the share holders of the Company*

 74,234 

 63,726 

Borrowings - Current**

Current maturities of long term borrowings***

B.  Total loans and borrowings

C. 

D. 

E. 

Total capital (A+B)

Total loans and borrowings as a percentage of total capital (B/C)

Total equity as a percentage of total capital (A/C)

 - 

 - 

 - 

 74,234 

 - 

100%

 8,590 

 2,277 

 10,867 

 74,593 

15%

85%

*The Company has made preferential allotment of equity shares during the current year. Refer note 14(e). 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 127

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

38.   Capital management (contd.)

**As at March 31, 2017 the current borrowings were in the nature of working capital loans from State Bank of India and Axis Bank. During 

the year, entire loan from State Bank of India has been paid off and loan from Axis bank has been transferred to Subex Assurance LLP 

pursuant to restructuring (refer note 31).

***Current  maturities  of  long  term  borrowings  as  at  March  31,  2017  represented  FCCBs  III  of  H  2,277  Lakhs  and  have  been  repaid  on  
May 15, 2017.

Accordingly, the Company is entirely supported by equity funds as at March 31, 2018.

39.  Fair value hierarchy

The carrying value of financial instruments by categories is as follows:

Particulars

Financial assets measured at amortized cost

Interest accrued but not due on bank deposits*

Trade receivables*

Unbilled revenue*

Security deposits^

Loans and advances to employees*

Cash and cash equivalents and other balances with banks

Balance with banks#

Margin money deposits#

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost

Employee related liabilities*

Trade payables*

Interest accrued but not due on borrowings^

Borrowings^

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 - 

 1,364 

 - 

 35 

 6 

 1,405 

 211 

 - 

 211 

 49 

 415 

 - 

 - 

 464 

 10 

 18,966 

 2,526 

 349 

 180 

 22,031 

 151 

 126 

 277 

 694 

 14,383 

 501 

 10,867 

 26,445 

*The carrying value of these accounts are considered to be the same as their fair value, due to their short term nature. Accordingly, these 
are classified as level 3 of fair value hierarchy.

#These accounts are considered to be highly liquid/ liquid and the carrying amount of these are considered to be the same as their fair 
value. Accordingly, these are classified as level 3 of fair value hierarchy.

^ The fair value of these accounts was calculated based on cash flow discounted using a current lending/ borrowing rate, they are classified 
as level 3 fair value hierarchy due to inclusion of unobservable inputs including counterparty credit risk.

40.  Financial risk management:
The Company’s activities expose it to the following risks:

i.  

Credit risk

ii.  

Interest rate risk

iii.   Liquidity risk

iv.   Market risk

i.    Credit risk:
Credit risk is the risk that counter party will not meet its obligations under a financial instruments or customer contract leading to a financial 
loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables and unbilled revenue) from its financing 
activities including deposits with banks, investments, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments.

128 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

40.  Financial risk management (contd.)

a.   Trade receivables
Credit risk is managed by each business unit as per the Company’s established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit 
risk management. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored.

The impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for major clients. In addition, a large number of minor 
receivables are grouped into homogeneous groups and assessed for impairment collectively. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the 
reporting date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets. The Company does not hold collateral as security.

b.   Credit risk exposure

The Company’s credit period generally ranges from 30 - 180 days. The credit risk exposure of the Company is as below:

Particulars

Trade receivables

Unbilled revenue

Total

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 1,364 

 -   

 1,364 

 18,966 

 2,526 

 21,492 

The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, since majority of its customers are reputed 
telecom companies and are spread across multiple geographies.

c.   Other financial assets and deposits with banks
Credit  risk  is  limited,  as  the  Company  generally  invests  in  deposits  with  banks  with  high  credit  ratings  assigned  by  international  and 
domestic credit rating agencies. Counter-party credit limits are reviewed by the Company periodically and the limits are set to minimise the 
concentration of risks and therefore mitigate financial loss through counterparty’s potential failure to make payments.

ii.    Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest 
rates.  The Company’s risk of changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s debt obligations with floating interest rates for 
the period the Company was holding the debts.

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates, with all other variables held constant. 
The impact on entity’s loss before tax due to change in the interest rate/ fair value of financial liabilities are as disclosed below:

Particulars

Working capital loans

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended March 31, 2018*
Change in 
interest rate

Effect on loss 
before exceptional 
items and tax 
expense

Year ended March 31, 2017

Change in 
interest rate

Effect on profit 
before exceptional 
items and tax 
expense

+1%

-1%

 54 

 (54)

+1%

-1%

 (94)

 94 

* The Company does not have any outstanding working capital loans as at March 31, 2018.

iii.   Liquidity risk
The  Company’s  principal  sources  of  liquidity  are  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  the  cash  flow  that  is  generated  from  operations.  The 
Company believes that the cash and cash equivalents is sufficient to meet its current requirements. Accordingly no liquidity risk is perceived.

The break-up of cash and cash equivalents and deposits is as below:  

Particulars

Cash and cash equivalents
Other balances with banks

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 211 
 -   
 211 

 151 
 126 
 277 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 129

 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

40.  Financial risk management: (contd.)

The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Company’s financial liabilities at the reporting date. The amounts are based on 
contractual undiscounted payments.

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

Particulars

On demand

0-180 Days

180-365 Days

365 Days and 
above

As at March 31, 2018
Trade payables
Borrowings
Other financial liabilities

As at March 31, 2017
Trade payables
Borrowings
Other financial liabilities

 80 
 - 
 - 
 80 

 238 
 - 
 - 
 238 

 - 
 - 
 49 
 49 

 9,399 
 10,924 
 1,199 
 21,522 

 335 
 - 
 - 
 335 

 253 
 - 
 - 
 253 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 4,493 
 - 
 - 
 4,493 

 415 
 - 
 49 
 464 

 14,383 
 10,924 
 1,199 
 26,506 

iv.    Market risk
Foreign  currency  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  of  an  exposure  will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  foreign 
exchange rates. The Company’s exchange risk arises from its foreign operations, foreign currency revenues and expenses. The Company 
has exposures to United States Dollars (‘US$’), Great Britain Pound (‘GBP’), Euro (‘EUR’), United Arab Emirates Dirham (‘AED’) and other 
currencies. The Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company’s operating activities 
and financing activities.

March 31, 2018

Particulars

Financial assets
Trade receivables
Other financial assets
Total financial assets

Financial liabilities
Borrowings
Trade payables
Other financial liabilities
Total financial liabilities
Net financial assets/ (liabilities)

March 31, 2017

Particulars

Financial assets
Trade receivables
Other financial assets
Total financial assets

Financial liabilities
Borrowings
Trade payables
Other financial liabilities
Total financial liabilities
Net financial assets/ (liabilities)

130 | SUBEX LIMITED

US$

Denominated Currency
AED
GBP

Others

 607 
 - 
 607 

 - 
 208 
 - 
 208 
 399 

 1 
 - 
 1 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 1 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 251 
 - 
 251 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 251 

US$

Denominated Currency
AED
GBP

Others

 8,267 
 2,057 
 10,324 

 2,786 
 6,124 
 2,794 
 11,704 
 (1,380)

 6,125 
 - 
 6,125 

 1,979 
 6,697 
 - 
 8,676 
 (2,551)

 1,668 
 42 
 1,710 

 73 
 100 
 3 
 176 
 1,534 

 2,090 
 112 
 2,202 

 818 
 683 
 3 
 1,504 
 698 

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

 859 
 - 
 859 

 - 
 208 
 - 
 208 
 651 

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

 18,150 
 2,211 
 20,361 

 5,656 
 13,604 
 2,800 
 22,060 
 (1,699)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

40.  Financial risk management: (contd.)

Sensitivity analysis
Every 1% appreciation or depreciation in the respective foreign currencies against functional currency of the Company would cause the 
loss before exceptional items in proportion to revenue of the Company to decrease or increase respectively by 0.04%.  (Previous year 
ended March 31, 2017: profit before exceptional items to decrease or increase respectively by 0.02%).

41.  Standards issued but not yet effective:

Ind AS 115- Revenue from contract with customers:
On March 28, 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs notified Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers. The standard replaces Ind 
AS 11 Construction Contracts and Ind AS 18 Revenue.

The core principle of Ind AS 115 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers 
in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Ind AS 115 introduces a 5-step approach to revenue recognition:

•  

• 

Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Identify the performance obligation in contract

•   Determine the transaction price

•  

•  

Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Ind AS 115 establishes control-based revenue recognition model. An entity recognizes revenue when (or as) a performance obligation is 
satisfied, i.e. when ‘control’ of the goods or services underlying the performance obligation is transferred to the customer. Also, Ind AS 115 
provides more guidance for deciding whether revenue is recognized at a point in time or over time.

Transitional options under Ind AS 115:

•  

Retrospectively to each prior period presented in accordance with Ind AS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and 
Errors, subject to some practical expedients mentioned in Ind AS 115

•  

Retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initial application recognized at the date of initial application

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the requirements and 
impact of Ind AS 115 on its financial statements.

Ind AS 21 - Appendix B:
The Appendix clarifies that, in determining the spot exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income 
(or part of it) on the derecognition of a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability relating to advance consideration, the date of the 
transaction is the date on which an entity initially recognises the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the advance 
consideration. If there are multiple payments or receipts in advance, then the entity must determine the transaction date for each payment 
or receipt of advance consideration.

Entities  may  apply  the  Appendix  requirements  on  a  fully  retrospective  basis.  Alternatively,  an  entity  may  apply  these  requirements 
prospectively to all assets, expenses and income in its scope that are initially recognised on or after:

(i)  The beginning of the reporting period in which the entity first applies the Appendix, or

(ii)  The beginning of a prior reporting period presented as comparative information in the financial statements of the reporting period in 

which the entity first applies the Appendix.

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the requirements and 
impact of the aforesaid on its financial statements.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 131

Notes to the standalone financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

42.   As per section 135 of The Company’s Act, 2013, a Corporate Social Responsibility (‘CSR’) committee has been formed by Subex Limited. 
The primary function of the Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in formulating the CSR policy and review the implementation 
and progress of the same from time to time. The CSR Policy focuses on creating opportunities for the disadvantaged with emphasis 
on persons with disabilities. The Company has incurred losses during the three immediately preceding years and accordingly, is not 
required to spend any amount during the current year for this purpose. Accordingly, the Company has not made any expenditure 
during the year ended March, 2018. Subsequent to the year end, on April 20, 2018, the Company has voluntarily incurred an expense 
of H 10 lakhs towards CSR activities.

43.   The Company had remitted withholding taxes on interest on FCCBs III in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 
amounting to H 1,067 Lakhs pertaining to FCCBs III which have been converted into equity shares of the Company. Pursuant to such 
conversion, the interest accrued but not due is considered no longer payable and the management basis expert advice, is of the view 
that the withholding taxes paid by the Company in respect of the aforesaid interest, are recoverable from income tax department 
and/ or are adjustable against its other withholding taxes obligations. Accordingly, upon revision of withholding taxes returns, the 
Group has adjusted withholding taxes of  H 30 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 1,037 Lakhs) on salary, professional services and others by 
write-back of withholding taxes on interest on FCCBs paid earlier, and such write back is included under other income. 

44.   The  Company  has  entered  into  ‘International  transactions’  with  ‘Associated  Enterprises’  which  are  subject  to  Transfer  Pricing 
regulations in India. The Company is in the process of carrying out transfer pricing study for the year ended March 31, 2018 in this 
regard, to comply with the requirements of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The Management of the Company, is of the opinion that such 
transactions with Associated Enterprises are at arm’s length and hence in compliance with the aforesaid legislation. Consequently, 
this will not have any impact on the standalone financial statements, particularly on account of tax expense and that of provision for 
taxation.

45.   Consequent to the restructuring more fully described in note 1 and 31, the current year figures are not comparable to previous year 
figures. Previous year figures have been regrouped/ reclassified, wherever necessary to conform to current year’s classification.

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

132 | SUBEX LIMITED

FORM AOC 1
(Information in respect of each subsidiary to be presented)

Particulars

Subex  
(Asia 
Pacific)  
Pte Ltd

Subex 
 (UK) 
Limited

Subex  
Americas 
Inc

Subex 
Inc.

Name of the subsidiary
Subex 
Technologies 
Ltd.***

Subex  
Middle 
East

Reporting period of the 
subsidiary concerned

March 31,
2018

March 31,
2018

March 31,
2018

March 31,
2018

March 31,
2018

March 31,
2018

 (H in Lakhs)

Subex  
Tech-
nologies 
Inc^

Subex  
Assurance 
LLP

Subex  
Digital 
LLP

-

-

April 5, 
2017 to 
March 31, 
2018
INR

April 5, 
2017 to 
March 31,  
2018
INR

Reporting Currency
Exchange rate as on the 
last date of relevant 
financial year in the case 
of foreign subsidiaries
Share Capital/Partners 
Capital and current 
account
Reserve & surplus
Total Assets
Total Liabilities
Investments
Turnover*
Profit/(loss) before tax
Profit/(loss) after tax
Proposed Dividend
% of Shareholding**

Date of acquisition

SGD

GBP

US$

US$

INR

AED

49.82

92.28

65.17

65.17

1.00

17.75

1.00

1.00

 3,986 

 41 

 49,806 

 -   

 500 

 27 

 (3,205)
 1,661 
 880 
 -   
 2,992 
 (550)
 (654)
 -   
100%
June 23, 
2006

 5,576 
 13,903 
 8,286 
 4,482 
 16,398 
 (5,391)
 (5,308)
 -   
100%
June 23, 
2006

 (44,691)
 5,544 
 429 
 1 
 851 
 6,266 
 6,264 
 -   
100%
April 1, 
2007

 (2,985)
 2,631 
 5,616 
 -   
 9,353 
 128 
 86 
 -   
100%
June 23, 
2006

 (475)
 87 
 62 
 -   
 -   
 4 
 4 
 -   
100%
March 28, 
2005

 32 
 809 
 750 
 -   
 1,132 
83
 (14)
 -   
100%
March 25, 
2015

-

-
-
-
 -   
-
-
-
 -   
-

-

 62,200 

 1,271 

 -   
 77,493 
 15,293 
 21,476 
 12,813 
 1,125 
 635 
 -   
100%
April 5, 
2017

 -   
 1,780 
 509 
 -   
 33 
 (598)
 (598)
 -   
100%
April 5, 
2017

^ Liquidated during the year.
* Turnover Includes Intercompany Transactions
** inlcuding % of holding either directly or indirectly through subsidiaries.
*** Represents non-operating company.

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

Annual Report 2017-18 | 133

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

To the Members of
Subex Limited

Report on the Consolidated Ind AS Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying Consolidated Ind AS Financial 
Statements  of  Subex  Limited  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  “the 
Holding Company”) and its subsidiaries (the Holding Company and 
its  subsidiaries  together  referred  to  as  “the  Group”),  comprising 
of  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet  as  at  March  31,  2018,  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  and  Loss 
including  Other 
Comprehensive  Income,    the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Cash 
Flows,  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity  for  the 
year then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies 
and other explanatory information (hereinafter referred to as “the 

Consolidated Ind AS Financial Statements”).

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Ind AS Financial 

Statements
The  Holding  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  the 
preparation  of  these  Consolidated  Ind  AS  Financial  Statements 
in  terms  of  the  requirement  of  the  Companies  Act,  2013  (“the 
Act”)  that  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  consolidated  financial 
position,  consolidated  financial  performance 
including  other 
comprehensive income, consolidated cash flows and consolidated 
changes  in  equity  of  the  Group  in  accordance  with  accounting 
principles  generally  accepted  in  India,  including  the  Accounting 
Standards  specified  under  section  133  of  the  Act,  read  with 
the  Companies  (Indian  Accounting  Standard)  Rules,  2015,  as 
amended.  The  respective  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Companies 
included in the Group are responsible for maintenance of adequate 
accounting  records  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Act 
for  safeguarding  of  the  assets  of  the  Group  and  for  preventing 
and  detecting  frauds  and  other  irregularities;  the  selection  and 
application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments 
and  estimates  that  are  reasonable  and  prudent;  and  the  design, 
implementation  and  maintenance  of  adequate  internal  financial 
controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy 
and  completeness  of  the  accounting  records,  relevant  to  the 
preparation  and  presentation  of  the  financial  statements  that 
give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, 
whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  which  have  been  used  for  the 
purpose  of  preparation  of  the  Consolidated  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements by the Directors of the Holding Company, as aforesaid.

134 | SUBEX LIMITED

Auditor’s Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these Consolidated 
Ind AS Financial Statements based on our audit. While conducting 
the  audit,  we  have  taken  into  account  the  provisions  of  the  Act, 
the  accounting  and  auditing  standards  and  matters  which  are 
required to be included in the audit report under the provisions of 
the Act and the Rules made thereunder. We conducted our audit in 
accordance with the Standards on Auditing, issued by the Institute 
of  Chartered  Accountants  of  India,  as  specified  under  section 
143(10) of the Act. Those Standards require that we comply with 
ethical  requirements  and  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain 
reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  Consolidated  Ind  AS 
Financial Statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence 
about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  Consolidated  Ind 
AS  Financial  Statements.  The  procedures  selected  depend  on 
the  auditor’s  judgment,  including  the  assessment  of  the  risks 
of  material  misstatement  of  the  Consolidated  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk 
assessments,  the  auditor  considers  internal  financial  controls 
relevant to the Holding Company’s preparation of the Consolidated 
Ind AS Financial Statements that give a true and fair view in order to 
design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. 
An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting 
policies used and the reasonableness of the accounting estimates 
made  by  the  Holding  Company’s  Board  of  Directors,  as  well  as 
evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  Consolidated  Ind  AS 
Financial Statements. We believe that the audit evidence obtained 
by us, is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit 
opinion on the Consolidated Ind AS Financial Statements.

Opinion
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to 
the  explanations  given  to  us,  the  aforesaid  Consolidated  Ind  AS 
Financial  Statements  give  the  information  required  by  the  Act  in 
the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity 
with the accounting principles generally accepted in India of the 
consolidated  state  of  affairs  of  the  Group  as  at  March  31,  2018, 
their  consolidated  profit  including  other  comprehensive  income, 
their consolidated cash flows and consolidated changes in equity 
for the year ended on that date.

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
As required by section 143 (3) of the Act, we report, to the extent 
applicable, that:

(a)  We  have  sought  and  obtained  all  the  information  and 
explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief 
were necessary for the purpose of our audit of the aforesaid 
Consolidated Ind AS Financial Statements;

(b)  In  our  opinion  proper  books  of  account  as  required  by  law 
relating  to  preparation  of  the  aforesaid  consolidation  of  the 
financial statements have been kept so far as it appears from 
our examination of those books;

(c)  The  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet,  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Profit and Loss including the Other Comprehensive Income, the 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and the Consolidated 
Statement of Changes in Equity dealt with by this Report are 
in  agreement  with  the  books  of  account  maintained  for  the 
purpose  of  preparation  of  the  Consolidated  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements;

(d)  In  our  opinion,  the  aforesaid  Consolidated  Ind  AS  Financial 
Statements  comply  with  the  Accounting  Standards  specified 
under  section  133  of  the  Act,  read  with  Companies  (Indian 
Accounting Standard) Rules, 2015, as amended;

(e)  On the basis of the written representations received from the 
directors of the Holding Company and its Subsidiary Company, 
which are incorporated in India as on March 31, 2018 taken 
on record by the Board of Directors of the Holding Company 
and its Subsidiary Company, none of the directors of the the 
Holding Company and its Subsidiary Company is disqualified 
as on March 31, 2018 from being appointed as a director in 
terms of Section 164 (2) of the Act.

are  incorporated  in  India,  refer  to  our  separate  report  in 
“Annexure I” to this report; and

(g)  With  respect  to  the  other  matters  to  be  included  in  the 
Auditor’s Report in accordance with Rule 11 of the Companies 
(Audit  and  Auditors)  Rules,  2014,  in  our  opinion  and  to  the 
best  of  our  information  and  according  to  the  explanations 
given to us:

i. 

ii. 

The  Consolidated  Ind  AS  Financial  Statements  disclose 
the  impact  of  pending  litigations  on  its  consolidated 
financial position of the Group – Refer Note 34 (b) to the 
Consolidated Ind AS Financial Statements;

The  Company  did  not  have  any  long-term  contracts 
including derivative contracts for which there were any 
material foreseeable losses; and

iii.  There  were  no  amounts  which  were  required  to  be 
transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund 
by  the  Holding  Company  and  its  Subsidiary  Company, 
which  are  incorporated  in  India  during  the  year  ended 
March 31, 2018.

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP

Chartered Accountants

ICAI Firm Registration Number: 101049W/E300004

per Rajeev Kumar

Partner

Membership Number: 213803

(f)  With respect to the adequacy and the operating effectiveness 
of  the  internal  financial  controls  over  financial  reporting  of 
the  Holding  Company  and  its  Subsidiary  Company,  which 

Place: Bengaluru

Date: May 04, 2018

Annual Report 2017-18 | 135

 
 
 
Annexure 1 to the Independent Auditor’s Report of even date on the Consolidated 
Ind AS Financial Statements of Subex Limited 

Report on the Internal Financial Controls under clause (i) of sub-section 3 of Section 143 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”)

We  have  audited  the  internal  financial  controls  over  financial 

Our audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence 

reporting  of  Subex  Limited  (“the  Holding  Company”)  and  its 

about the adequacy of the internal financial controls over financial 

Subsidiary Company, which are incorporated in India, as of and for 

reporting and their operating effectiveness. Our audit of internal 

the year ended March 31, 2018 in conjunction with our audit of the 

financial  controls  over  financial  reporting  included  obtaining  an 

Consolidated Ind AS Financial Statements of Subex Limited and its 

understanding of internal financial controls over financial reporting, 

Subsidiary Company as of and for the year then ended.

assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and 

Management’s Responsibility for Internal Financial Controls

The  respective  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Holding  Company  and 

its  Subsidiary  Company,  which  are  incorporated  in  India,  are 

responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  internal  financial 

controls  based  on  the  internal  financial  controls  over  financial 

evaluating  the  design  and  operating  effectiveness  of  internal 

controls  based  on  the  assessed  risk.  The  procedures  selected 

depend  on  the  auditor’s  judgment,  including  the  assessment 

of  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  Consolidated  Ind  AS 

Financial Statements, whether due to fraud or error.

reporting  criteria  established  by  the  Holding  Company  and  its 

We believe that the audit evidence, we have obtained is sufficient 

Subsidiary  Company  considering  the  essential  components 

and  appropriate  to  provide  a  basis  for  our  audit  opinion  on  the 

of  internal  control  stated  in  the  Guidance  Note  on  Audit  of 

Holding Company and its Subsidiary Company’s internal financial 

Internal  Financial  Controls  Over  Financial  Reporting  issued  by 

controls over financial reporting.

the  Institute  of  Chartered  Accountants  of  India  (“the  Guidance 

Note”). These responsibilities include the design, implementation 

and  maintenance  of  adequate  internal  financial  controls  that 

were  operating  effectively  for  ensuring  the  orderly  and  efficient 

conduct  of  its  business,  including  adherence  to  the  respective 

company’s policies, the safeguarding of its assets, the prevention 

and detection of frauds and errors, the accuracy and completeness 

of  the  accounting  records,  and  the  timely  preparation  of  reliable 

financial information, as required under the Act.

Auditor’s Responsibility

Meaning of Internal Financial Controls Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal financial controls over financial reporting is 

a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 

reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the financial 

statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 

accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  financial 

controls  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and 

procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in 

reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 

disposition of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Holding Company 

assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit 

and  its  Subsidiary  Company’s  internal  financial  controls  over 

preparation  of  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 

financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  conducted  our  audit 

generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 

in  accordance  with  the  Guidance  Note  and  the  Standards  on 

expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance 

Auditing  as  specified  under  section  143(10)  of  the  Act,  to  the 

with authorisations of management and directors of the Company; 

extent  applicable  to  an  audit  of  internal  financial  controls,  both 

and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or 

applicable to an audit of Internal Financial Controls and both issued 

timely  detection  of  unauthorised  acquisition,  use  or  disposition 

by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Those Standards 

of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the 

and  the  Guidance  Note  require  that  we  comply  with  ethical 

financial statements.

requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 

assurance about whether adequate internal financial controls over 

financial  reporting  were  established  and  maintained  and  if  such 

controls operated effectively in all material respects.

Inherent  Limitations  of  Internal  Financial  Controls  Over  Financial 

Reporting

Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  of  internal  financial  controls 

over  financial  reporting,  including  the  possibility  of  collusion 

136 | SUBEX LIMITED

or 

improper  management  override  of  controls,  material 

by the Holding Company and its Subsidiary Company considering 

misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. 

the  essential  components  of  internal  controls  stated  in  the 

Also, projections of any evaluation of the internal financial controls 

Guidance Note.

over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that 

the internal financial controls over financial reporting may become 

inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 

compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Opinion

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP

Chartered Accountants

ICAI Firm Registration Number: 101049W/E300004

In our opinion, the Holding Company and its Subsidiary Company, 

which  are  incorporated  in  India,  have,  maintained  in  all  material 

respects,  adequate 

internal  financial  controls  over  financial 

reporting  and  such  internal  financial  controls  over  financial 

per Rajeev Kumar

Partner

Membership Number: 213803

reporting were operating effectively as at March 31, 2018 based 

Place: Bengaluru

on the internal controls over financial reporting criteria established 

Date: May 04, 2018

Annual Report 2017-18 | 137

Consolidated balance sheet as at March 31, 2018

Notes

As at
March 31, 2018 

As at
March 31, 2017 

(H in Lakhs)

ASSETS
Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Goodwill on consolidation
Other intangible assets
Financial assets
Loans
Other balances with banks
Other financial assets

Income tax assets (net)
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets

Current assets

Financial assets
Loans
Trade receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Other balances with banks
Other financial assets

Other current assets

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity

Equity share capital
Other equity

Total equity

Liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Provisions
Deferred tax liabilities(net)

Current liabilities

Financial liabilities
Borrowings
Trade payables
Other financial liabilities

Other current liabilities
Provisions
Income tax liabilities (net)

Total liabilities
Total equity and liabilities

3
5
4

6
7
10
11
12
13

6
8
9
7
10
13

14
15

20
21

16
17
18
19
20
22

 656 
 65,882 
 63 

 439 
 75 
 234 
 2,810 
 552 
 537 
 71,248 

 134 
 9,290 
 3,007 
 295 
 5,250 
 544 
 18,520 
 89,768 

 56,200 
 21,745 
 77,945 

 280 
 826 
 1,106 

 3,215 
 1,331 
 1,511 
 3,230 
 712 
 718 
 10,717 
 11,823 
 89,768 

 785 
 65,882 
 138 

 399 
 258 
 234 
 1,977 
 478 
 564 
 70,715 

 196 
 11,851 
 7,386 
 - 
 4,508 
 1,013 
 24,954 
 95,669 

 50,691 
 17,718 
 68,409 

 297 
 -   
 297 

 8,590 
 1,805 
 11,922 
 3,085 
 677 
 884 
 26,963 
 27,260 
 95,669 

Corporate information and significant accounting policies
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

 1 & 2 

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

138 | SUBEX LIMITED

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of profit and loss  for the year ended March 31, 2018

(H in Lakhs)

Notes

Year ended
March 31, 2018 

Year ended
March 31, 2017 

23
24

25
26
27
28

29

1

2

3

4
5

6

7

8

Income
Revenue from operations 
Other income
Total income

Expenses
Employee benefits expense
Finance costs
Depreciation and amortization expense
Other expenses
Total expenses
Profit before exceptional items and tax expense (1-2)

Exceptional items (net)
Profit/ (loss) before tax expense (3+4)

Tax expense (net)(refer note 22): 
Current tax (credit)/ charge
Provision - foreign withholding taxes (net)
MAT charge/ (credit)
Deferred tax charge (net)

Profit/ (loss) for the year (5-6)

Other comprehensive income ('OCI'), net of tax expense
Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Net exchange differences on translation of foreign operations
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Re-measurement loss on defined benefit plans

9

Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to equity holders of 
the Company (7+8)

10 Basic and diluted earnings/ (loss) per equity share [nominal value of 

30

share H 10 (March 31, 2017 : H 10)]

Corporate information and significant accounting policies
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

 1 & 2 

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

 32,432 
 140 
 32,572 

 17,471 
 775 
 517 
 11,534 
 30,297 
 2,275 

 1,166 
 3,441 

 (171)
 789 
 53 
 702 
 1,373 
 2,068 

 (210)

 (30)
 (240)

 1,828 

 35,733 
 1,154 
 36,887 

 15,871 
 2,040 
 495 
 10,953 
 29,359 
 7,528 

 (10,890)
 (3,362)

 243 
 812 
 (94)
 - 
 961 
 (4,323)

 (1,344)

 (32)
 (1,376)

 (5,699)

 0.37 

 (0.85)

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Annual Report 2017-18 | 139

 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity  for the year ended March 31, 2018
A.  Equity share capital (refer note 14):

Equity shares of H 10 each issued, subscribed and fully paid-up
As at April 1, 2016
Issued during the year - Conversion of  FCCBs
As at March 31, 2017
Issued during the year - Preferential issue of equity shares**
As at March 31, 2018

B.  Other equity (refer note 15):

 No. 

H in Lakhs

 502,811,646 
 4,096,290 
 506,907,936 
 55,094,999 
 562,002,935 

 50,281 
 410 
 50,691 
 5,509 
 56,200 

(H in Lakhs)

Attributable to equity holders of the Company

Reserves and surplus
General 
reserve

Securities 
premium

Employee 
stock 
options 
reserve

Equity 
component 
of compound 
financial 
instruments
 259 
 - 
 - 
 (54)

Particulars

 1,780 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 1,780 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 205 
 - 
 - 

 24,378 
 - 
 - 
 123 

As at April 1, 2016
Less: Loss for the year
Less: Other comprehensive income
Add/ (less): On account of conversion of FCCBs
Less: Compensation on ESOP cancelled/lapsed 
during the year
Add: Deferred stock compensation expenses
As at March 31, 2017
Add: Profit for the year
Less: Other comprehensive income
Add: Other comprehensive income - Foreign 
currency translation reserve gain on 
liquidation of subsidiary [refer note 29(b)(ii)]
Add/ (less): On account of repayment of FCCBs*
Add: Additions during the year on account of 
preferential issue of equity shares**
Less: Compensation on ESOP cancelled/lapsed 
during the year
 - 
Add: Deferred stock compensation expenses
As at March 31, 2018
 26,705 
Corporate information and significant accounting policies (refer notes 1 & 2)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the standalone financial statements

 - 
 24,501 
 - 
 - 

 2,204 

 (205)

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 1,780 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

OCI
Exchange 
reserve on 
consolidation 

Total

Surplus / 
(deficit) in 
the state-
ment of profit 
and loss 

 6,935 
 (4,323)
 (32)
 256 

 - 

 - 
 2,836 
 2,068 
 (30)

 (10,267)
 - 
 (1,344)
 - 

 23,101 
 (4,323)
 (1,376)
 325 

 - 

 (9)

 - 
 (11,611)
 - 
 (1,376)

 - 
 17,718 
 2,068 
 (1,406)

 - 

 1,166 

 1,166 

 205 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 2,204 

 (5)

 - 
 5,079 

 - 
 (11,821)

 - 
 21,745 

 16 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 (9)

 - 
 7 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 (5)

 - 
 2 

*Upon repayment of FCCBs, the residual portion of equity component of compound financial instrument in relation to the same, has been transferred 
to surplus/ (deficit) in the statement of profit and loss.

**refer note 14(e) on preferential issue of equity shares.

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

140 | SUBEX LIMITED

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended
March 31, 2018 

Year ended
March 31, 2017 

 3,441 

 (3,362)

Consolidated statement of cash flows  for the year ended March 31, 2018

(A) Operating activities

Profit/ (loss) before tax expense

Adjustments to reconcile profit/ (loss) before tax expense to net cash flows:

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Amortization of intangible assets 

Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment (net)

Interest income (including fair value changes)

Finance costs (including fair value changes)

Provision for doubtful debts and advances (net of reversal)

Impairment of goodwill (exceptional item)

 439 

 78 

 - 

 (54)

 775 

 (32)

 - 

Foreign currency translation reserve gain on liquidation of subsidiary (exceptional item)

 (1,166)

Write back of withholding taxes paid earlier

Amortised cost of deposits

Fair value change in financial instruments

Net foreign exchange differences

Operating profit before working capital changes

Working capital adjustments:

(Increase)/decrease in loans

(Increase)/decrease in trade receivables

(Increase)/decrease in other financial assets

(Increase)/decrease in other assets

Increase/ (decrease) in trade payables

Increase/ (decrease) in other financial liabilities

Increase/ (decrease) in other current liabilities

Increase/ (decrease) in provisions

Income tax paid (including TDS, net of refund)

Net cash flows from operating activities

(B) Investing activities

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

Purchase of intangible assets

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

Movement in deposits (net)

Interest received

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 (30)

 50 

 (62)

 250 

 3,689 

 43 

 2,943 

 (395)

 488 

 (421)

 211 

 381 

 52 

 6,991 

 (1,626)

 5,365 

 (285)

 (2)

 2 

 (95)

 31 

 (349)

 459 

 36 

 (1)

 (63)

 2,040 

 1,203 

 10,890 

 - 

 (1,037)

 53 

 21 

 (320)

 9,919 

 (32)

 (2,745)

 (2,174)

 (308)

 193 

 (159)

 1,928 

 8 

 6,630 

 (1,238)

 5,392 

 (604)

 (92)

 2 

 (29)

 20 

 (703)

Annual Report 2017-18 | 141

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows  for the year ended March 31, 2018

(C) Financing activities

Movement in working capital loans (net)

Interest paid

Preferential issue of equity shares

Repayment of term loans

Repayment of borrowings (FCCBs)

Net cash flows used in financing activities

(D) Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (A+B+C)

Net foreign exchange difference

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

(E) Cash and cash equivalents at year end (refer note 9)

Corporate information and significant accounting policies (refer notes 1 & 2)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended
March 31, 2018 

Year ended
March 31, 2017 

 (5,424)

 (1,255)

 7,713 

 (7,782)

 (2,336)

 (9,084)

 (4,068)

 (311)

 7,386 

 3,007 

 (1,981)

 (1,258)

 - 

 - 

 (2,249)

 (5,488)

 (799)

 (415)

 8,600 

 7,386 

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

142 | SUBEX LIMITED

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

1.  Corporate information

Subex Limited (“the Company” or “Subex” or “holding company”) a public limited company incorporated in 1994, is a leading global 
provider of Operations and Business Support Systems (“OSS/BSS”) to communication service providers (“CSPs”) worldwide in the 
Telecom industry.

The Company pioneered the concept of a Revenue Operations Centre (“ROC”) – a centralized approach that sustains profitable growth 
and financial health for the CSPs through coordinated operational control. Subex’s product portfolio powers the ROC and its best-
in-class solutions enable new service creation, operational transformation, subscriber-centric fulfilment, provisioning automation, 
data integrity management, revenue assurance, cost management, fraud management and interconnect/ inter-party settlement. 
Subex also offers a scalable Managed Services Program. The CSPs achieve competitive advantage through Business Optimization and 
Service Agility and improve their operational efficiency to deliver enhanced service experiences to their subscribers. The Company 
has its registered office in Bengaluru and operates through its subsidiaries in India, USA, UK, Singapore, Canada and UAE and branches 
in USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Italy, UAE and Saudi Arabia.

Effective November 1, 2017, the Company has restructured its business by way of transfer of its Revenue Maximisation Solutions 
and related businesses (“RMS business”) and the Subex Secure and Analytics solutions and related businesses (“Digital business”) 
to its newly formed subsidiaries, Subex Assurance LLP (“SA LLP”) and Subex Digital LLP (“SD LLP”) (together referred to as “LLPs”), 
respectively, hereinafter referred to as the “Restructuring” to achieve amongst other aspects, segregation of the Company’s business 
into  separate  verticals  to  facilitate  greater  focus  on  each  business  vertical,  higher  operational  efficiencies,  and  to  enhance  the 
Company’s ability to enter into business specific partnerships and attract strategic investors at respective business levels, with an 
overall objective of enhancing shareholder value. Also, refer note 31 in this regard.

These consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018 comprise financial statements of Subex Limited and its 
subsidiaries (collectively hereafter referred to as “the Group”).

These consolidated financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018 are approved by the Board of Directors on May 04, 2018.

Following subsidiaries have been considered in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements:

Name of the subsidiary

Country of incorporation

Subex Americas Inc.
Subex  (UK) Limited*
Subex  Inc.
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited
Subex Middle East, FZE*
Subex Technologies Limited**
Subex  Technologies Inc. ^
Subex Azure Holdings Inc.**
Subex Assurance LLP***
Subex Digital LLP***

Canada
United Kingdom
United States of America
Singapore
United Arab Emirates
India
United States of America
United States of America
India
India

% of holding  and voting power either directly or 
indirectly through subsidiaries as at

March 31, 2018

March 31, 2017

100
100
100
100
100
100
-
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
-
-

*Pursuant to restructuring, the Company has transferred its investment in Subex (UK) Limited and Subex Middle East, FZE to Subex 
Assurance LLP w.e.f November 1, 2017. Refer above and note 31.

**Represents non-operating companies.

***Incorporated/ registered on April 5, 2017.

^ Liquidated during the current year.

All the above subsidiaries are under the same management and are engaged in the same principle activities as the holding company.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 143

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

2.  Significant accounting policies
a.  Basis of preparation

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  have  been  prepared  and  presented  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles 
generally accepted in India including Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 
read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 (as amended from time to time).

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are 
measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, as explained further in the accounting policies below.

The consolidated financial statements are presented in INR (“H”) and all the values are rounded off to the nearest Lakhs (INR 00,000) 
except when otherwise indicated.

b.  Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries as at March 31, 2018 as 
disclosed in Note 1. Control exists when the parent has:

• 

• 

• 

Power over the investee (i.e. existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee)

Exposure or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and

The ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns.

The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more 
of the three elements of control. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Group obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases 
when the Group loses control of the subsidiary. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during 
the year are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date the Group gains control until the date the Group ceases 
to control the subsidiary.

Consolidated financial statements are prepared using uniform accounting policies for like transactions and other events in similar 
circumstances. If a member of the group uses accounting policies other than those adopted in the consolidated financial statements for 
like transactions and events in similar circumstances, appropriate adjustments are made to that group member’s financial statements 
in preparing the consolidated financial statements to ensure conformity with the group’s accounting policies.

The financial statements of all entities used for the purpose of consolidation are drawn up to same reporting date as that of the parent 
company, i.e., year ended on March 31. When the end of the reporting period of the parent is different from that of a subsidiary, the 
subsidiary prepares, for consolidation purposes, additional financial information as of the same date as the financial statements of the 
parent, to enable the parent to consolidate the financial information of the subsidiary, unless it is impracticable to do so.

Consolidation procedure:
i. 

Combine like items of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and cash flows of the parent with those of its subsidiaries. For this 
purpose,  income  and  expenses  of  the  subsidiary  are  based  on  the  amounts  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  recognised  in  the 
consolidated financial statements at the acquisition date.

ii.  Offset (eliminate) the carrying amount of the parent’s investment in each subsidiary and the parent’s portion of equity of each 
subsidiary.  The  excess  of  cost  to  the  Company  of  its  investments  in  the  subsidiary  companies  over  its  share  of  equity  of  the 
subsidiary companies, at the date on which the investment in the subsidiaries were made, is recognised as ‘Goodwill’ being 
an intangible asset in the consolidated financial statements and is tested for an impairment on an annual basis. On the other 
hand, where the share of equity in the subsidiary companies as on the date of investment is in excess of cost of investments 
of the Company, it is recognised as ‘Capital Reserve’ and shown in ‘Other Equity’, in the consolidated financial statements. The 
‘Goodwill’ is determined separately for each subsidiary company and such amounts are not set off between different entities.

iii.  Eliminate in full intragroup assets and liabilities, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between entities of the 
group (profits or losses resulting from intragroup transactions that are recognised in assets, such as inventory and fixed assets, 
are eliminated in full).

Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income (OCI) are attributed to the equity holders of the parent of the Group.

144 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

c.  Use of estimates, assumptions and judgements

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  Ind  AS  requires  the  management  to  make  estimates, 
judgements  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities,  the  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and 
liabilities  on  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  for  the  year 
reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. 
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the year in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.

Key source of estimation of uncertainty as at the date of consolidated financial statements, which may cause a material adjustment to 
the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, is in respect of the following:

Revenue recognition
The Group uses the percentage of completion method in accounting for revenue from implementation and customisation projects. 
Use of the percentage of completion method requires the Group to estimate the completed efforts as a proportion of the total efforts. 
Efforts have been used to measure progress towards completion as there is a direct relationship between input and productivity. 
Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the year in which such losses become probable based 
on the expected contract estimates at the reporting date.

Impairment of non-financial assets
Impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit (“CGU”) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the 
higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal calculation is based on available 
data from binding sales transactions, conducted at arm’s length, for similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs 
for disposing of the asset. The value in use calculation is based on a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model. The cash flows are derived 
from the budget for future years and do not include restructuring activities that the Group is not yet committed to or significant future 
investments that will enhance the asset’s performance of the CGU being tested. The recoverable amount is sensitive to the discount 
rate used for the DCF model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the growth rate used for extrapolation purposes. These 
estimates are most relevant to goodwill recognized by the Group. The key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount for 
the different CGUs, are disclosed and further explained in note 5.

Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Group assesses impairment of financial assets (‘Financial instruments’) and recognises expected 
credit losses, which are measured through a loss allowance.

The Group provides for impairment of trade receivables and unbilled revenue based on assumptions about risk of default and expected 
timing  of  collection.  The  Group  uses  judgement  in  making  these  assumptions  and  selecting  inputs  to  the  impairment  calculation, 
based on the Group’s past history, customer’s creditworthiness, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the 
end of each reporting period. Also, refer note 2(j).

Defined benefit plans
The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of the gratuity obligation 
is  determined  using  actuarial  valuation.  An  actuarial  valuation  involves  making  various  assumptions  that  may  differ  from  actual 
developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to 
the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these 
assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date (refer note 36).

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the 
management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment 
benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. These mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to 
demographic changes. Future salary increases and gratuity increases are based on expected future inflation rates.

Fair Value measurement of financial instruments
When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheet cannot be measured based 
on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using internal valuation techniques. The inputs to these models are 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 145

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair 
values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about 
these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. Also refer note 2(l).

Share-based payments
Estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is 
dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the 
valuation model including the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. The 
assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in note 35.

Taxes
The Group’s two major tax jurisdictions are India and the United Kingdom, though the Group also files tax returns in other foreign 
jurisdictions. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes and tax credits including the amount 
expected to be paid or refunded. Also refer note 2(r) and note 21.

d.  Current/ non-current classification

The Group presents assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

• 

• 

• 

• 

Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

Held primarily for the purpose of trading

Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the 
reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:

• 

• 

• 

It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

The Group classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities, respectively.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The 
group has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

e.  Business combination and goodwill

Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognised 
for non-controlling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. After 
initial  recognition,  Goodwill  is  measured  at  cost  less  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing, 
goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Group’s cash-generating units that 
are expected to benefit from the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquiree are assigned to those 
units.

A cash generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually as at March 31 or more frequently 
when  there  is  an  indication  that  the  unit  may  be  impaired.  If  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash  generating  unit  is  less  than  its 
carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then 
to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is 
recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent 
periods.

146 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

f. 

Revenue recognition
The Group derives its revenues primarily from sale and implementation of its license and implementation of its proprietary software 
and managed/ support services.

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be 
reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or 
receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met 
before revenue is recognised:

Revenues from licensing arrangements is recognized on transfer of the title in user licenses, except those contracts where transfer of 
title is dependent upon rendering of significant implementation and other services by the Group, in which case revenue is recognized 
over the implementation period in accordance with  the specific terms of the contracts with clients.

Revenue from implementation and customisation services is recognised using the percentage of completion method. Percentage 
of completion is determined on the basis of completed efforts against the total estimated efforts, which represent the fair value of 
services rendered.

Revenue  from  managed/  support  services  comprise  income  from  fixed  price  contracts,  time-and-material  contracts  and  annual 
maintenance contracts. Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized over the period of the contracts using the percentage of 
completion method. Revenue from time and material contracts is recognized when the services are rendered in accordance with the 
terms of contracts. Revenue from annual maintenance contracts is recognised rateably over the period of the contracts.

Revenue from sale of hardware under reseller arrangements is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership 
of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of goods to customers. Revenue is shown as net of sales tax, value 
added tax, other taxes and applicable discounts.

In case of multiple element arrangements for sale of software license, related implementation and maintenance services the Group 
has applied the guidance in Ind AS 18, by applying the revenue recognition criteria for each separately identifiable component of a 
single transaction. The arrangements generally meet the criteria for considering the sale of software license, related implementation 
and maintain services as separately identifiable components. For allocating the consideration, the Group has measured the revenue 
in respect of each separable component of a transaction at its fair value, in accordance with principles given in Ind AS 18. The price 
that is regularly charged for an item when sold separately is the best evidence of its fair value. In cases where the Group is unable to 
establish objective and reliable evidence of fair value for the aforesaid services, the Group has used a residual method to allocate the 
arrangement consideration. In these cases the balance of the consideration, after allocating the fair values of undelivered components 
of a transaction has been allocated to the delivered components for which specific fair values do not exist.

The Group collects Goods and Service tax and other taxes as applicable in the respective tax jurisdictions where the group operates, 
on behalf of the government and therefore it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Group. Hence it is excluded from revenue.

Provisions for estimated losses on contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the current 
contract estimates. ‘Unbilled revenue’ included in other financial assets represent revenues in excess of amounts billed to clients as 
at the balance sheet date. ‘Unearned revenue’ included in other current liabilities represent billings in excess of revenues recognized.

Interest
Interest income is recognized as it accrues in the consolidated statement of profit and loss using effective interest rate method.

g.  Property, plant and equipment

Plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises 
purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met, directly attributable cost of bringing the plant and equipment to its 
working condition for the intended use and cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment. When significant parts of plant and 
equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Group depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. Likewise, 
when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if 
the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 147

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

loss, as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the 
respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of the assets are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the 
carrying amounts of the assets and are recognized in the consolidated statement of profit and loss when the assets are derecognized.

h. 

Intangible assets (excluding goodwill on consolidation)
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are 
carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Internally generated intangibles, excluding 
capitalised development costs, are not capitalised and the related expenditure is reflected in the consolidated statement of profit and 
loss in the period in which the expenditure is incurred.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an 
indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset 
with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected 
pattern  of  consumption  of  future  economic  benefits  embodied  in  the  asset  are  considered  to  modify  the  amortization  period  or 
method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and 
the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

i.  Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets with finite useful lives is calculated on a straight-
line basis over the useful lives of the assets estimated by the management, basis technical assessment:

The Group has used the following useful lives to provide depreciation on plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets:

Assets
Computer hardware
Furniture and fixtures
Vehicles
Office equipment
Computer software

Useful life
3 years
5 years
5 years
5 years
4 years

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year 
end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

j. 

Impairment

Financial Assets
The Group assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS 109 
(‘Financial  instruments’)  requires  expected  credit  losses  to  be  measured  through  a  loss  allowance.  The  Group  recognises  lifetime 
expected losses for all contract assets and/ or all trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction. For all other financial 
assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the 
life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.

Impairment of non-financial assets
Non-financial assets including Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability 
whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable 
amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset 
does  not  generate  cash  flows  that  are  largely  independent  of  those  from  other  assets.  In  such  cases,  the  recoverable  amount  is 
determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs.

148 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or 
CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and loss.

For  assets  excluding  goodwill,  an  assessment  is  made  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  an  indication  that 
previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Group estimates the asset’s 
or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions 
used  to  determine  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  since  the  last  impairment  loss  was  recognised.  The  reversal  is  limited  so  that 
the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been 
determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in 
the consolidated statement of profit and loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case, the reversal is treated as 
a revaluation increase.

k. 

Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception 
of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or 
assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

Group as a lessee:
A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and 
rewards incidental to ownership to the Group is classified as a finance lease.

Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date at fair value of the leased property or, if lower, 
at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the 
lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in 
finance costs in the consolidated statement of profit and loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case 
they are capitalized in accordance with the Group’s general policy on the borrowing costs.

A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Group will obtain 
ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease 
term.

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the consolidated statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over 
the lease term unless the lease escalations are linked to inflation, in such a case the lease expense is recognised as per the terms of 
the lease arrangement.

l. 

Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of 
another entity.

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contract that gives rise to financial assets and 
liabilities.  Financial  assets  and  liabilities  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value.  Transaction  costs  that  are  directly  attributable  to  the 
acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through 
profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.

Cash and cash equivalents
The Group considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject 
to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash 
equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

Financial assets at amortized cost
Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to 
hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 149

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business 
whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the 
financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount 
outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other 
comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets at fair 
value through profit or loss are immediately recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration 
recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. For trade and other payables 
maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these 
instruments.

Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities
The Group derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers 
the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109. A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) 
is  derecognized  when  the  obligation  specified  in  the  contract  is  discharged  or  cancelled  or  expires.  When  an  existing  financial 
asset/ liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are 
substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of 
a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Embedded derivatives
If the hybrid contract contains a host that is a financial asset within the scope of Ind AS 109, the group does not separate embedded 
derivatives. Rather, it applies the classification requirements contained in Ind AS 109 to the entire hybrid contract. Derivatives embedded 
in all other host contracts are accounted for as separate derivatives and recorded at fair value if their economic characteristics and 
risks are not closely related to those of the host contracts and the host contracts are not held for trading or designated at fair value 
though profit or loss. These embedded derivatives are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss, 
unless designated as effective hedging instruments.

Compound financial instruments
Compound financial instruments in the form of Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds are separated into liability and equity components 
based on the terms of the contract. On issuance of the Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds, the fair value of the liability component is 
determined using a market rate for an equivalent non-convertible instrument. This amount is classified as a financial liability measured 
at amortized cost (net of transaction costs) until it is extinguished on conversion or redemption.

The remainder of the proceeds is allocated to the conversion option that is recognised and included in other equity since conversion 
option meets Ind AS 32 criteria for fixed to fixed classification. Transaction costs are deducted from other equity, net of associated 
income tax. The carrying amount of the conversion option is not remeasured in subsequent years.

Transaction costs are apportioned between the liability and equity components of the Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds based on 
the allocation of proceeds to the liability and equity components when the instruments are initially recognised.

Reclassification of financial assets
The group determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification 
is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a 
reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model 
are expected to be infrequent. The group’s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external 

150 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

or internal changes which are significant to the group’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the 
business model occurs when the group either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the group 
reclassifies  financial  assets,  it  applies  the  reclassification  prospectively  from  the  reclassification  date  which  is  the  first  day  of  the 
immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The group does not restate any previously recognised 
gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  are  offset  and  the  net  amount  is  reported  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  if  there  is  a 
currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the 
assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Fair value of financial instruments
In  determining  the  fair  value  of  its  financial  instruments,  the  Group  uses  following  hierarchy  and  assumptions  that  are  based  on 
market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date.

Fair value hierarchy
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorised within 
the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a 
whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly 

observable.

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  recognised  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  on  a  recurring  basis,  the  Group  determines 
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that 
is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

m.  Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial 
period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are 
expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with 
the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing 
costs.

n.  Consolidated statement of cash flows

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/ (loss) for the period is adjusted for the effects of transactions of 
a non-cash nature or any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses 
associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Group are 
segregated.

o.  Employee share based payments

The Group measures compensation cost relating to employee stock options plans using the fair valuation method in accordance with 
Ind AS 102, Share-Based Payment. Compensation expense is amortized over the vesting period of the option on a straight line basis. 
The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  is  determined  by  the  fair  value  at  the  date  when  the  grant  is  made  using  an  appropriate 
valuation model (Black-Scholes valuation model). That cost is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in employee stock 
options reserves in other equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled in employee benefits 
expense. The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the 
extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Group’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately 
vest.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 151

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

p.  Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, pension fund, employee state insurance, gratuity and compensated absences.

Defined contribution plans
Contributions  payable  to  recognized  provident  funds  and  employee  state  insurance  which  are  defined  contribution  schemes,  are 
charged to the consolidated statement of profit and loss.

Defined benefit plans
Gratuity, which is a defined benefit plan, is accrued based on an independent actuarial valuation, which is done based on project unit 
credit method as at the balance sheet date. The Group recognizes the net obligation of a defined benefit plan in its balance sheet as 
an asset or liability. Gains and losses through re-measurements of the net defined benefit liability/ (asset) are recognized in other 
comprehensive income. In accordance with Ind AS, re-measurement gains and losses on defined benefit plans recognised in OCI are 
not to be subsequently reclassified to the consolidated statement of profit and loss. As required under Ind AS compliant Schedule III, 
the Group transfers it immediately to ‘Surplus/ (deficit) in the statement of profit loss’.

Short-term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised during the 
year when the employees render the service. Compensated absences, which are expected to be utilised within the next 12 months, 
are treated as short-term employee benefits. The Group measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that 
it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

Long-term employee benefits
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees 
render  the  related  services  are  treated  as  long-term  employee  benefits  for  measurement  purpose.  Such  long-term  compensated 
absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year end, less the fair value 
of  the  plan  assets  out  of  which  the  obligations  are  expected  to  be  settled.  Actuarial  gains/  losses  are  immediately  taken  to  the 
consolidated statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

The Group presents the entire compensated absences balance as a current liability in the consolidated balance sheet, since it does not 
have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for twelve months after the reporting date.

q.  Foreign currencies

The Group’s consolidated financial statements are presented in INR, which is also the parent company’s functional currency. For each 
entity the Group determines the functional currency and items included in the financial statements of each entity are measured using 
that functional currency.

The  functional  currency  of  the  Company  and  its  Indian  subsidiaries  is  Indian  Rupee  whereas  the  functional  currency  of  foreign 
subsidiaries is the currency of their countries of domicile. Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded in the functional currency 
of the Company by applying exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. For practical reasons, the Company uses an 
average rate if the average approximates the actual rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency denominated monetary 
assets and liabilities are restated into the functional currency using exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date.

Gains and losses arising on settlement and restatement of foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included 
in the consolidated statement of profit and loss.

Assets and liabilities of entities with functional currency other than presentation currency have been translated to the presentation 
currency using exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. The statement of profit and loss have been translated using 
weighted  average  exchange  rates.  The  exchange  differences  arising  on  translation  for  consolidation  are  recognised  in  OCI  as 
‘Exchange  reserve  on  consolidation’.  On  disposal  of  a  foreign  operation,  the  component  of  OCI  relating  to  that  particular  foreign 
operation is recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and loss.

152 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

r. 

Taxes on income
Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current 
and deferred tax are recognised in the consolidated statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised 
in other comprehensive income or directly in other equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other 
comprehensive income or directly in other equity, respectively.

Current income tax
Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation 
authorities based on the taxable income for that period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are 
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred income tax
Deferred  income  tax  is  recognised  using  the  balance  sheet  approach,  deferred  tax  is  recognized  on  temporary  differences  at  the 
balance sheet date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes, except 
when  the  deferred  income  tax  arises  from  the  initial  recognition  of  goodwill  or  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  that  is  not  a 
business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused tax credits and unused 
tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, 
and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no 
longer  probable  that  sufficient  taxable  profit  will  be  available  to  allow  all  or  part  of  the  deferred  income  tax  asset  to  be  utilized.
Deferred income taxes are not provided on the undistributed earnings of subsidiaries and branches where it is expected that the 
earnings of the subsidiary or branch will not be distributed in the foreseeable future.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is 
realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance 
sheet date.

Deferred tax assets include Minimum Alternative Tax (“MAT”) paid in accordance with the tax laws in India, which is likely to give 
future economic benefits in the form of availability of set off against future income tax liability. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as 
deferred  tax  asset  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  when  the  asset  can  be  measured  reliably  and  it  is  probable  that  the  future 
economic benefit associated with the asset will be realized.

s.  Provision and contingencies

A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event and it is probable 
that  an  outflow  of  resources  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation,  in  respect  of  which  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the 
amount of the obligation. If the effect of time value of money is material, provision is discounted using a current pre-tax rate that 
reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage 
of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Provisions for onerous contracts, i.e. contracts where the expected unavoidable costs of meeting obligations under a contract exceed 
the economic benefits expected to be received, are recognized when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic 
benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of an obligating event, based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or 
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Group or a present obligation that is not recognized 
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in 
extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Group does not 
recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the consolidated financial statements.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 153

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

t. 

Earnings/ (loss) per share
Basic earnings/ (loss) per share is computed by dividing the profit/ (loss) after tax attributable to the equity holders of the Group by 
the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the 
profit/ (loss) after tax as adjusted for dividend, interest (net of any attributable taxes) other charges to expense or income relating 
to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per 
share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential 
equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit 
per share or increase the net loss per share. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the 
period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had 
the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are 
determined independently for each period presented.

u.  Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.

The Group identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organization and 
management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which 
operating profit/ loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the Executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in 
assessing performance. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which major operating divisions of the Group 
operate.

The  accounting  policies  adopted  for  segment  reporting  are  in  line  with  the  accounting  policies  of  the  Group.  Segment  revenue, 
segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to the segments on the basis of their relationship to 
the operating activities of the segment.

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the relative contribution of each segment to the total common 
costs.

Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Group as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable 
basis have been included under ‘unallocated revenue/ expenses/ assets/ liabilities’.

154 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018
3.  Property, plant and equipment 

Computer 
equipment

Furniture and 
fixtures

Vehicles

Office 
equipment

 915 
 569 
 (1)
 (11)
 1,472 
 267 
 (14)
 27 
 1,752 

 350 
 430 
 - 
 (10)
 770 
 410 
 (12)
 3 
 1,171 

 702 
 581 

 23 
 11 
 - 
 (1)
 33 
 1 
 - 
 2 
 36 

 5 
 7 
 - 
 - 
 12 
 6 
 - 
 - 
 18 

 21 
 18 

 1 
 11 
 - 
 - 
 12 
 1 
 - 
 - 
 13 

 - 
 2 
 - 
 - 
 2 
 2 
 - 
 - 
 4 

 10 
 9 

 85 
 12 
 - 
 (4)
 93 
 16 
 (2)
 3 
 110 

 21 
 20 
 - 
 - 
 41 
 21 
 - 
 - 
 62 

 52 
 48 

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

 1,024 
 603 
 (1)
 (16)
 1,610 
 285 
 (16)
 32 
 1,911 

 376 
 459 
 - 
 (10)
 825 
 439 
 (12)
 3 
 1,255 

 785 
 656 

Cost
As at April 1, 2016
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2017
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2018

Depreciation
As at April 1, 2016
Charge for the year
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2017
Charge for the year
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2018

Net block
As at March 31, 2017
As at March 31, 2018

4. 

Intangible assets

Cost
As at April 1, 2016
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2017
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2018

Amortization
As at April 1, 2016
Amortization for the year
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2017
Amortization for the year
Disposals
Exchange differences
As at March 31, 2018

Net block
As at March 31, 2017
As at March 31, 2018

Note: Refer note 16 for the assets given on security.

Computer 
software 

 (H in Lakhs)
Total 

 131 
 92 
 - 
 - 
 223 
 2 
 - 
 1 
 226 

 49 
 36 
 - 
 - 
 85 
 78 
 - 
 - 
 163 

 138 
 63 

 131 
 92 
 - 
 - 
 223 
 2 
 - 
 1 
 226 

 49 
 36 
 - 
 - 
 85 
 78 
 - 
 - 
 163 

 138 
 63 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 155

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

5.  Goodwill on consolidation
Following is the movement of carrying value of Goodwill:

Carrying value as per last financial statement

Less: Impairment of goodwill [refer note 29 (i)]

Closing balance

Below is the Cash Generating Unit (‘CGU’) wise break-up of goodwill:

Revenue Management Solutions ('RMS')

Data Integrity Management ('DIM')

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 65,882 

 -   

 65,882 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 62,156 

 3,726 

 65,882 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 
 76,772 

 (10,890)

 65,882 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 
 62,156 

 3,726 

 65,882 

Goodwill impairment testing
The Group tests whether goodwill has suffered any impairment on an annual basis as at March 31. The recoverable amount of a CGU is 

determined based on value-in-use calculations which require the use of assumptions. The calculations use cash flow projections based on 

financial budgets approved by the management. An average of the range of each assumption used is mentioned below:

Growth rate
Operating margins
Discount rate

As at 
March 31, 2018 
7% to 31%
24% to 36%
12% to 14%

As at 
March 31, 2017 
8% to 28%
23% to 29%
13% to 14%

The  above  discount  rate  is  based  on  the  Weighted  Average  Cost  of  Capital  (WACC)  which  represents  the  weighted  average  return 

attributable to all the assets of the CGU. These estimates are likely to differ from future actual results of operations and cash flows.

As  at  March  31,  2018,  the  Group  assessed  the  carrying  value  of  its  goodwill  along  with  the  carrying  value  of  related  CGUs,  based  on 

future operational plan, projected cash flows and valuation carried out by an external valuer. Considering the aforesaid valuation, the 

management is of the view that, the carrying value of its goodwill as at March 31, 2018 is appropriate.

As at March 31, 2017, the Company had recognized a loss on impairment of goodwill related to its RMS CGU of  H 4,880 Lakhs and DIM CGU 
of H 6,010 Lakhs. Also, refer note 29(i).

Loans

6. 
(Unsecured, considered good)
Carried at amortized cost

Non-Current

Security deposits

Current

Loans and advances to employees

156 | SUBEX LIMITED

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 439 
 439 

 134 
 134 

 399 
 399 

 196 
 196 

 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

7.  Other balances with banks

Non-current

Other bank balances (refer note 9)
Margin money deposits

Current

Other bank balances (refer note 9)
Margin money deposits

8.  Trade receivables
Unsecured
Carried at amortized cost

Non-current

Considered doubtful
Less: Allowances for doubtful debts*

Current

Considered good

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 75 
 75 

 295 
 295 

 258 
 258 

 -   
 -   

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 1,346 
 (1,346)
 - 

 9,290 
 9,290 

 2,596 
 (2,596)
 - 

 11,851 
 11,851 

*During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Group has written off bad debts amounting to  H 1,242 Lakhs  (March 31, 2017 : H 1,572 Lakhs), 
from its allowance for doubtful debts.

No trade or other receivable are due from directors or other officers of the Company either severally or jointly with any other person. 
Further, there are no trade or other receivables which are due from firms or private companies in which any director is a partner, a director 
or a member.

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on terms of 30 to 180 days.

9.  Cash and cash equivalents

Current

Balance with banks

In current accounts 

In EEFC accounts

Cash on hand

Other balances with banks

A

Deposits with remaining maturity for more than 3 months and less than 12 months

Less: Disclosed under Other balances with banks (Current) (refer note 7)

B

(A+B)

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

3,006 

- 

1 

3,007 

295 

295 

(295)

- 

3,007 

7,364 

21 

1 

7,386 

-

- 

-

- 

7,386 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 157

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

9.  Cash and cash equivalents

(contd.)

Non-current

Other balances with banks

Deposits with remaining maturity for more than 12 months

Less: Disclosed under Other balances with banks (Non-current) (refer note 7)

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

75 

75 

(75)

- 

258 

258 

(258)

- 

For the purpose of the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise the total of current portion of cash and 
cash equivalents as above.

10.  Other financial assets
Unsecured, considered good
Carried at amortized cost

Non-current 

Advance recoverable from former directors [refer note 34(b)(iii)]

Current 

Unbilled revenue
Interest accrued but not due on bank deposits

11.  Income tax assets (net)

Non-current 
Advance income-tax [net of provision for taxation H 688 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 706 Lakhs)]

12.  Deferred tax assets (net)*

Non-current 

Minimum alternative tax ('MAT') credit entitlement (refer note 22)

Deferred tax assets (net)

Depreciation and amortization expense: Difference between tax depreciation and 
depreciation and amortization expense as per statement of profit and loss

A

Losses available for offsetting against future taxable profits
Provision for employee benefits and others

B
(A+B)

*Also, refer note 22

158 | SUBEX LIMITED

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 234 
 234 

 5,247 
 3 
 5,250 

 234 
 234 

 4,497 
 11 
 4,508 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 2,810 
 2,810 

 1,977 
 1,977 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 425 
 425 

 10 

 40 
 77 
 127 
 552 

 478 
 478 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 478 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

13.  Other assets

Non-current

Balance with statutory/ government authorities*
Advance recoverable in cash or kind

Prepaid expenses

Current

Balance with statutory/ government authorities
Advance recoverable in cash or kind

Prepaid expenses
Advance to suppliers

Expenses incurred on behalf of customers

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 267 

 270 
 537 

 - 

 418 
 30 
 96 
 544 

 267 

 297 
 564 

 80 

 671 
 193 
 69 
 1,013 

*Balances represents service tax erroneously paid by the Group during the financial years 2004 to 2008, under reverse charge mechanism, 
for which refund application has been filed with the service tax department and the same is under dispute. The Group is contesting the 
same and the management including its tax advisors are confident of obtaining the refund.

14.  Share capital

Authorized share capital

Equity shares of H 10 each
As at April 1, 2016
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2017
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2018

Preference shares of H 98 each
As at April 1, 2016
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2017
Increase during the year
As at March 31, 2018

Issued, subscribed and fully paid-up share capital
Equity shares of H 10 each issued, subscribed and fully paid-up*
As at April 1, 2016
Issued during the year - Conversion of FCCBs
As at March 31, 2017
Issued during the year - Preferential issue of equity shares [refer note 14 (e)]
As at March 31, 2018

 No. 

H in Lakhs

 545,040,000 
 - 
 545,040,000 
 43,000,000 
 588,040,000 

 200,000 
 - 
 200,000 
 - 
 200,000 

 502,811,646 
 4,096,290 
 506,907,936 
 55,094,999 
 562,002,935 

 54,504 
 - 
 54,504 
 4,300 
 58,804 

 196 
 - 
 196 
 - 
 196 

 50,281 
 410 
 50,691 
 5,509 
 56,200 

*includes 243,207 (March 31, 2017: 243,207) shares in respect of which Global Depository Receipts of the Company are listed on London 
Stock Exchange.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 159

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

14.  Share capital(contd.)

(a)  Terms/ rights attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of H 10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote 
per share and such amount of dividend per share as declared by the Company.  The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. 
The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

The Group had not declared any dividend during the year ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of the equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, 
after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

(b)  Details of shares held by each shareholder [together with Persons Acting in Concert (PAC)] holding more than 5% shares in the 
Company
Equity shares of H 10 each issued, subscribed and fully paid-up

Name of the shareholders

Tonbridge (Mauritius) Limited and Leeds (Mauritius) Limited

QVT Singapore Fund Pte. Ltd

QVT Mauritius West Fund & Quintessence Mauritius West Fund

Deutsche Bank AG London -CB Account

Nomura Singapore Limited

 As at March 31, 2018 
 No. 

 % of total 
shares 

 As at March 31, 2017 
 No. 

 % of total 
shares 

 27,563,571 

 27,531,428 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 4.90 

 4.90 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 47,843,816 

 17,436,426 

 2,806,956 

 - 

 - 

 9.44 

 3.44 

 0.55 

As  per  records  of  the  Company,  including  its  register  of  shareholders/  members  and  other  declarations  received  from  shareholders 
regarding beneficial interest, the above shareholding represents both legal and beneficial ownership of shares.

(c) 

 Shares reserved for issue under options (No.)

(i)   Outstanding employee stock options under below schemes, granted/ available for 

grant: (refer note 35)
ESOP III
ESOP IV

(ii)   FCCBs (refer note 16)

FCCBs III

As at 
March 31, 2018 

As at 
March 31, 2017 

 24,055 
 - 

 92,368 
 28,301 

 - 
 24,055 

 15,522,785 
 15,643,454 

(d)  Aggregate number of bonus shares issued, shares issued for consideration other than cash and shares bought back during the 
period of five years immediately preceding the reporting date:

Equity shares (No.)
Equity shares allotted as fully paid-up pursuant to contract (no.)
[In accordance with the terms of FCCBs III, out of the principal face value of US$ 128 Million 
(H 71,593 Lakhs), an amount of US$ 36 Million (H 20,359 Lakhs) were mandatorily converted 
into equity shares  on July 07, 2012]

As at 
March 31, 2018 

As at 
March 31, 2017 

 89,335,462 

 89,335,462 

(e)  During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Company made an allotment of 55,094,999 equity shares of the Company on a preferential 
basis at an issue price of H 14 per equity share (Face value of H 10 per equity share) amounting to H 7,713 Lakhs under section 42 of the 
Companies Act, 2013. 

160 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

15.  Other equity

Equity component of compound financial instruments
Balance as per last financial statements
Less: Conversion of FCCBs
Less: Transfer to surplus/ (deficit) in the statement of profit and loss*
Closing balance

Securities premium
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Additions during the year on conversion of FCCBs
Add: Additions during the year on account of preferential issue of equity shares [refer note 14 (e)]
Closing balance

General reserve
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Additions during the year
Closing balance

Employee stock options reserve
Balance as per last financial statements
Less: Compensation on ESOP cancelled/lapsed during the year
Add : Deferred stock compensation expenses
Closing balance

Surplus / (deficit) in the statement of profit and loss 
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Profit/ (loss) for the year
Add: Residual portion of FCCBs conversion
Add: Transfer from equity component of compound financial instrument*
Less: OCI - Re-measurement losses on defined benefit obligations
Closing balance

Exchange reserve on consolidation 
Balance as per last financial statements
Add: Effect of foreign exchange rate variations during the year
Less: On account of liquidation of foreign subsidiary [refer note 29(ii)]
Closing balance

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 205 
 - 
 (205)
 - 

 24,501 
 - 
 2,204 
 26,705 

 1,780 
 - 
 1,780 

7
 (5)
 - 
 2 

 2,836 
 2,068 
 - 
 205 
 (30)
 5,079 

 (11,611)
 (1,376)
 1,166 
 (11,821)

 259 
 (54)
 - 
 205 

 24,378 
 123 
 - 
 24,501 

 1,780 
 - 
 1,780 

 16 
 (9)
 - 
 7 

 6,935 
 (4,323)
 256 
 - 
 (32)
 2,836 

 (10,267)
 (1,344)
 - 
 (11,611)

* Upon repayment of FCCBs, the residual portion of equity component of compound financial instrument in relation to the same, has been 
transferred to surplus/ (deficit) in the statement of profit and loss.

Summary of other equity:
Equity component of compound financial instruments
Securities premium account
General reserve
Employee stock options reserve
Surplus/ (deficit) in the statement of profit and loss 
Exchange reserve on consolidation 
Total other equity

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 26,705 
 1,780 
 2 
 5,079 
 (11,821)
 21,745 

 205 
 24,501 
 1,780 
 7 
 2,836 
 (11,611)
 17,718 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 161

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

16.  Borrowings
 Carried at amortized cost

Non - current

Foreign currency convertible bonds*

Current maturities of long-term borrowings (secured):

Term loans**

Current maturities of long-term borrowings (unsecured)

Less: Disclosed under other financial liabilities (current) (refer note 18)

Current 

Loans repayable on demand from banks (Secured)
Loan type - I [refer note (i) & (iii)]
Loan type - II [refer note (i), (ii) and note (iii)]

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 3,215 
 - 
 3,215 

 2,277 

 7,782 
 10,059 
 (10,059)
 -   

 5,216 
 3,374 
 8,590 

* Secured FCCBs were carried at amortized cost at an effective interest rate of 9% p.a. (March 31, 2017: 9% p.a.) with maturity date of 
July 07, 2017. On June 30, 2017, the Company redeemed outstanding FCCBs III amounting to US$ 3.6 Million (H 2,336 Lakhs) and paid 
accrued interest of US$ 0.1 Million (H 67 Lakhs) on the aforesaid bonds. On July 6, 2017, the deferred interest in respect of aforesaid bonds 
for the period July 6, 2012 to January 6, 2016 amounting to US$ 0.72 Million (H 467 Lakhs) was paid. As at March 31, 2018, there are no 
outstanding FCCBs and related interest.

** Represents loan taken by Subex Americas Inc., which had been guaranteed by Subex (UK) Limited. This loan was carried at amortized 
cost at an effective interest rate of 9.5% p.a. (March 31, 2017: 9.5% p.a.). The loan of US$ 12 Million (H 7,782 Lakhs) has been repaid on 
May 15, 2017 and the guarantee by Subex (UK) Limited was released.

(i)   The secured loan from banks were secured by primary charge on customer receivables and paripassu first charge on the current assets 

of the Company, and collateral paripassu first charge on the fixed assets of the Company. Pursuant to the restructuring of the Company 

Loan type - I was transferred to Subex Assurance LLP and Loan type - II was repaid on October 31, 2017 and the aforesaid security was 

released.

Subsequently  Loan  type  -  I  is  secured  by  primary  charge  on  customer  receivables  and  current  assets  of  Subex  Assurance  LLP  

(“SA LLP”), and collateral charge on the fixed assets of SA LLP.

Further, Loan type - I is also guaranteed by the Company. Also, refer note 34(b)(iv).

(ii)   The Company had submitted a corporate guarantee by Subex Technologies Limited of H 4,205 Lakhs and Subex (UK) Limited of H 4,205 
Lakhs and pledged it’s 100% shares in Subex (UK) Limited. Pursuant to the restructuring, the Loan type - II was repaid on October 31, 

2017 and the aforesaid securities have been released.

(iii)  Loans repayable on demand from bank as at March 31, 2018 consisted of Cash Credit (CC) of H Nil (March 31, 2017: H 2,934 Lakhs), Pre-
shipment Credit in Foreign Currency (PCFC) of H 3,215 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 1,420 Lakhs), and Export Bill Rediscounting (EBRD) of 
H Nil (March 31, 2017:  H 4,237 Lakhs), which carried an average interest rate of 9.71%, 3.27%, and 4.54% (March 31, 2017: 11.67%, 
3.89% and 5.51%) respectively. During the current year, the facilities in relation to Loan type - I were transferred to Subex Assurance 

LLP and Loan type - II were repaid, pursuant to the restructuring.

162 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

17.  Trade payables
Carried at amortized cost

Current

Trade payables
- total outstanding dues of micro enterprises and small enterprises*
- total outstanding dues of creditors other than micro enterprises and small enterprises

Terms and conditions of the above financial liabilities:

-  Trade payables are non-interest bearing and are normally settled on 30 - 45 days terms.

-  For explanations on the Group’s liquidity risk management, refer note 40.

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 - 
 1,331 
 1,331 

 - 
 1,805 
 1,805 

**There are no micro, small and medium enterprises to whom the Company owes any dues as at March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017. This 
information has been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company.

18.  Other current financial liabilities
Carried at amortized cost

Employee related liabilities
Interest accrued but not due on borrowings
Current maturities of long term borrowings (refer note 16)

19.  Other current liabilities

Unearned revenue
Statutory dues

20.  Provisions

Non-current

Provisions for employee benefits

Gratuity [refer note 36(b)]

Current

Provisions for employee benefits

Gratuity [refer note 36(b)]
Leave benefits
Provision for litigations*

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 1,511 
 - 
 - 
 1,511 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 2,086 
 1,144 
 3,230 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 
 1,362 
 501 
 10,059 
 11,922 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 
 2,120 
 965 
 3,085 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 280 
 280 

 89 
 523 
 100 
 712 

 297 
 297 

 43 
 534 
 100 
 677 

*Provision for litigations consists of  matters which are sub-judice. There is no movement in the provision during the current and previous 
year, refer note 34(b) for further details.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 163

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

21.  Deferred tax liabilities (net)

Non-current

Deferred tax liabilities

Depreciation and amortization expense: Difference between tax depreciation and 
depreciation and amortization expense as per statement of profit and loss

Deferred tax assets

Provision for employee benefits and others
Losses available for offsetting against future taxable profits

22.  Income tax liabilities (net)

A

B
(A-B)

Provision for tax [net of advance tax H 250 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 367 Lakhs)]
Provision for foreign taxes 
Provision for litigation  [net of tax deducted at source H 62 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 62 Lakhs)]*

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 

 1,693 

 1,693 

 65 
 802 
 867 
 826 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

As at 
March 31, 2018 

 162 

 394 
 162 

 718 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017 
 235 

 487 
 162 

 884 

*Provision for litigation consists of  matters which are sub-judice. There is no movement in the provision during the current and previous 

year, refer note 34(b) for further details.

Income tax expense in the consolidated statement of profit and loss consist of the following:

Tax expense:

Current tax (credit)/ charge

Provision - foreign withholding taxes(net) [refer note 22(i)]

MAT charge / (credit)

Deferred tax charge (net) [refer note 22(ii)]

Total tax expense

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 (171)

 789 

 53 

 702 

 1,373 

 243 

 812 

 (94)

 - 

 961 

Notes:
22(i)  Provision for foreign withholding taxes represents provision in respect of withholding taxes deducted/ deductible by customers.

22(ii)  Deferred tax charge, comprises of deferred tax liability arising on account of tax benefits from amortization of intangible assets of 
Subex Assurance LLP, net of deferred tax assets arising on account of carry forward losses and other taxable temporary differences, which 

arose mainly on account of restructuring.

164 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

22.  Income tax liabilities (net)(contd.)

Reconciliation of tax to the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rate to the income before tax is summarized below:
 (H in Lakhs)

Profit/ (loss) before tax
Applicable tax rates in India
Computed tax charge (A)

Components of tax expense:

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

 3,441 
34.61%
 1,191 

Year ended 
March 31, 2017
 (3,362)
34.61%
 - 

Provision for foreign withholding taxes (net)
MAT provision at 18.5% on the adjusted book profits of the Company in accordance with 
the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961
Reversal of tax charge in relation to earlier period
Tax expense/ (reversal) on taxable income of foreign subsidiaries with differential tax rates
Impact of non-taxable income*
Impact of other allowances and disallowances as per Income Tax Act, 1961 (net)
MAT credit entitlement (available)/ reversed on the MAT provision as mentioned above 
as per the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961

Total adjustments (B)

 789 

 - 

 (53)
 (242)
(404)
 39

 53 

 182 

 812 

 94 

 - 
 149 
-
 - 

 (94)

 961 

Total tax expense (A+B)
*Represents tax impact on foreign currency translation reserve amounting to H 1,166 Lakhs, which is credited to the consolidated statement 
of profit and loss upon completion of liquidiation of its subsidiary. Refer note 29(ii).

 1,373 

 961 

23.  Revenue from operations

Sale of products
Sale of services

Details of products sold
Sale of license
Sale of hardware and software

Details of services rendered

Implementation and customization
Managed services
Support services
Others

24.  Other income

Write back of withholding taxes paid earlier (refer note 43)
Net gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Miscellaneous income
Interest income on:

Security deposits
Bank deposits

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 3,193 
 29,239 
 32,432 

 3,193 
 - 
 3,193 

 7,504 
 10,870 
 10,865 
 - 
 29,239 

 4,771 
 30,962 
 35,733 

 4,488 
 283 
 4,771 

 8,656 
 10,913 
 11,138 
 255 
 30,962 

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 30 
 - 
 56 

 31 
 23 
 140 

 1,037 
 1 
 53 

 36 
 27 
 1,154 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 165

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

25.  Employee benefits expense

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

Salaries and wages*
Contribution to provident and other funds
Staff welfare expenses

 14,210 
 1,127 
 534 
 15,871 
*Net of reversal of provision no longer required, in respect of employee incentives amounting to H 725 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 700 Lakhs).

 15,674 
 1,112 
 685 
 17,471 

26.  Finance cost

Interest

Foreign currency convertible bonds 
Term loan
Other borrowings
Other finance charges
Bank charges

27.  Depreciation and amortization expense

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (refer note 3)
Amortization of other intangible assets (refer note 4)

28.  Other expenses

Cost of hardware, software and support charges
Sub-contract charges
Rent
Power and fuel
Repairs and maintenance

Building
Others

Insurance
Communication costs
Printing and stationery
Traveling and conveyance
Rates and taxes
Advertisement and business promotion
Consultancy charges
Payments to auditors [refer note 28(i)]
Sales commission
Provision for doubtful debts (net of reversal)
Exchange fluctuation loss/ (gain)(net)
Directors' sitting fees
Loss on sale of fixed assets (net) 
Miscellaneous expenses

166 | SUBEX LIMITED

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 95 
 - 
 326 
 21 
 333 
 775 

 494 
 464 
 657 
 23 
 402 
 2,040 

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 439 
 78 
 517 

 459 
 36 
 495 

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 577 
 1,549 
 1,767 
 210 

 128 
 646 
 111 
 308 
 54 
 2,549 
 212 
 418 
 950 
 201 
 153 
 (32)
 1,650 
 77 
2
4
 11,534 

 943 
 1,603 
 1,803 
 201 

 159 
 500 
 112 
 331 
 34 
 3,082 
 109 
 400 
 785 
 191 
 123 
 1,203 
 (698)
 53 
-
 19 
 10,953 

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

28(i).  Payments to the auditors*

(a)   Statutory auditors

As auditor

Audit fee
Tax audit fee
In other capacity

Other services (certification services)
Reimbursement of expenses

(b)  Other auditors for the subsidiaries

As auditor

Audit fee
In other capacity

Reimbursement of expenses 

*Payment to auditors is exclusive of goods and services tax/ service tax.

29.  Exceptional items (net)

Loss on impairment of goodwill [refer note 29(i)]
Foreign currency translation reserve gain on liquidation of foreign subsidiary [refer note 29(ii)]

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 98 
 4 

 25 
 10 
 137 

 62 

 2 
 64 
 201 

 102 
 4 

 5 
 14 
 125 

 64 

 2 
 66 
191

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

 - 
 1,166 
 1,166 

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2017
 (10,890)
 - 
 (10,890)

29(i)  As at March 31, 2017, the Company had recognized a loss on impairment of goodwill related to its RMS CGU of  H 4,880 Lakhs and 
DIM CGU of H 6,010 Lakhs based on its assessment of the carrying value of its goodwill along with the carrying value of related CGUs as at 
such date. 

29(ii) During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Company has completed the liquidiation of its subsidiary viz. Subex Technologies Inc., 
USA and accordingly the balance of foreign currency translation reserve amounting to H 1,166 Lakhs has been credited to the statement 
of profit and loss.

30.  Earnings/ (loss) per share
Basic earnings/ (loss) per share (EPS) amounts are calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) for the year attributable to equity holders of the 

parent by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted EPS amounts are calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average 

number  of  equity  shares  outstanding  during  the  year  plus  the  weighted  average  number  of  equity  shares  that  would  be  issued  on 

conversion of all the dilutive potential equity shares into equity shares.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 167

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

30.  Earnings/ (loss) per share (contd.)

Computation of basic and diluted EPS:

Nominal value per equity share (H per share)
Profit/ (loss) attributable to equity shareholders (H in Lakhs)
Weighted average number of equity shares (No. in Lakhs)
Profit/ (loss) per share basic and diluted (H per share)*

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 10 

 2,068 

 5,554 
 0.37 

 10 

 (4,323)

 5,063 
 (0.85)

*Employee stock options outstanding as at March 31, 2018 and Employee stock options outstanding and foreign currency convertible 
bonds outstanding as at March 31, 2017 are anti-dilutive and accordingly have not been considered for the purpose of computing dilutive 
EPS of the respective years.

31.  Restructuring
The Board of Directors of the Company in its meeting held on August 21, 2017 approved the restructuring of the Company’s business by 
way of transfer of its RMS business and Digital business to its subsidiaries, SA LLP and SD LLP, respectively, subject to shareholders and 
other requisite approvals. The shareholders of the Company approved the Restructuring by way of special resolution passed through postal 
ballot on September 23, 2017 and subsequently, the Board of Directors of the Company in its meeting held on October 4, 2017 approved 
November 1, 2017 to be the effective date of Restructuring.

Accordingly, effective November 1, 2017, the Company’s RMS business and the Digital business have been transferred on a going concern 
basis for a fair value consideration of H 61,564 Lakhs and H 1,869 Lakhs, respectively, in the form of Company’s capital contribution in the 
aforesaid LLPs. Post such Restructuring, the Company continues to directly hold 99.99% share in the capital of, and in the profits and losses 
of, each of these LLPs and the entire economic interest as well as control and ownership of the RMS Business and Digital Business remains 
with the Company post such Restructuring.

The Group has accounted for the restructuring in accordance with Appendix C (”Common control transactions”) to Ind AS 103 (”Business 
Combinations”), which requires common control transactions to be recorded at books values. This being an intra group transaction, has 
been eliminated in full for the purpose of consolidation, except the impact of taxes as described in note 22(ii).

32.  Segment reporting
Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  provided  to  the  chief  operating  decision  maker. 
The board of directors of the Group assesses the financial performance and position of the Group. The Chief Executive Officer has been 
identified as the chief operating decision maker.

The Group has identified a single business segment being software products and related services. This being a single segment no additional 
segment disclosure has been made for the business segment.

The Group’s operations spans across the world and are categorized geographically as (a) Americas, (b) EMEA (c) India and (d) APAC and 
rest of the World. ‘Americas’ comprises the Group’s operations in North America, South America and Canada. ‘EMEA’ comprises the Group’s 
operations in Europe, Middle East and Africa and the Group’s operations in the rest of the world, excluding India are organized under ‘APAC 
and the rest of the world’. Customer relationships are driven based on customer domicile.

Segment revenue by geographical location are as follows*:

Region

Americas 
EMEA 
India 
APAC and rest of the world  

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 5,322 
 19,076 
 2,656 
5,378 
 32,432 

 6,555 
 20,392 
 2,835 
 5,951 
 35,733 

*Revenues by geographic area are based on the geographical location of the customer.

No customer individually accounted for more than 10% of the total revenue of the group during the years ended March 31, 2018 and  
March 31, 2017.

168 | SUBEX LIMITED

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

32.  Segment reporting (contd.)

Non-current operating assets by geographical location are as follows**:

Region

India
Outside India
Unallocated***
Total non-current operating assets

As at 
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017

 989 
 267 
 65,882 
 67,138 

 1,046 
 441 
 65,882 
 67,369 

**Non-current operating assets includes Property, plant and equipment, Other intangible assets and Balance with statutory/ government 
authorities and Prepaid expenses.

***Unallocated represents Goodwill on consolidation. The management is of the view that it is not practically feasible to allocate such 
goodwill to various regions.

33.  Related party transactions

 i.  Related parties under Ind AS 24 and Companies Act, 2013

Key management personnel of the Company:

Anil Singhvi  

Surjeet Singh 

Chairman (w.e.f. May 25, 2017) and Independent Director

Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (Up to March 31, 2018)

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 

Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (w.e.f April 1, 2018)

Whole Time Director (w.e.f. May 25, 2017 to October 31, 2017)

Non Executive, Non Independent Director (w.e.f. November 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018)

Ashwin Chalapathy 

Whole Time Director (w.e.f. May 25, 2017 to October 31, 2017)

Non Executive, Non Independent Director (w.e.f. November 1, 2017 to May 4, 2018)

Nisha Dutt   

Independent Director

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu  

Independent Director

Sanjeev Aga 

Priyanka Roy 

Independent Director (Up to October 27, 2016)

Independent Director (Up to March 10, 2017)

   Mehernaz Dalal 

Chief Financial Officer (w.e.f. June 15, 2017)

Ganesh KV 

Chief Financial Officer, Global Head - Legal and Company Secretary (Up to June 15, 2017)

ii.  Details of transactions with key management personnel

Salary and perquisites:*

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan

Ashwin Chalapathy 

Mehernaz Dalal

Surjeet Singh

Ganesh KV 

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 54 

 45 

 44 

 586 

 37 

766

 - 

 - 

 - 

 572 

 77 

 649 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 169

  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

33.  Related party transactions (contd.)

Director sitting fees

Anil Singhvi 

Nisha Dutt  

Poornima Prabhu

Sanjeev Aga

Priyanka Roy

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 28 

 22 

 23 

 - 

 - 

 73 

 22 

 14 

 - 

 10 

 3 

 49 

*The remuneration to the key managerial personnel does not include the provision/ accruals made  on best estimate basis as they are 

determined for the Group as a whole.

34.  Commitments and contingent liabilities

a)  Commitments    

Operating leases
The Group is obligated under non-cancellable lease for office and residential space that are renewable on a periodic basis at the option of 
both the lessor and lessee. The total rental expenses for the year under non-cancellable operating leases amounted to H 64 Lakhs (March 
31, 2017: H 762 Lakhs).

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:

Within one year

After one year but not more than five years

More than five years

As at 
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 5 

 - 

 - 

 64 

 5 

 - 

The Group leases office facilities, residential facilities and servers under cancellable operating lease agreements. The Group intends to 
renew such leases in the normal course of its business. Total rental expense for the year under cancellable operating leases amounted to 
H 1,703 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 1,042 Lakhs).

b)  Contingent liabilities

Income tax demands [refer note (i)]
Service tax demands [refer note (ii)]
Others [refer note (iii)]
Bank guarantees (furnished to customers)
Corporate guarantee issued by Subex Limited [refer note (iii) below and note 16]
Corporate guarantee issued by Subex Technologies Limited and Subex (UK) Limited  
(refer note 16)

As at 
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

16,995
 3,687 
 1,293 
 321 
 8,250 

 - 

 8,196 
 3,687 
 1,293 
 249 
 - 

 4,205 

170 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

34.  Commitments and contingent liabilities (contd.)

i.  

Income tax

The Group has received assessment orders in respect of each of the financial years from March 31, 2002 to March 31, 2014, wherein certain 

adjustments were made to the taxable income in relation to various matters including adjustments in respect of transfer pricing under 

section 92CA of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and disallowances of certain expenditures. These demands are disputed by the management 

and the Group has filed appeals against these orders with various appellate authorities. The management is of the view that the prices 

determined  by  it  are  at  arm’s  length,  expenditures  are  deductible  based  on  outcome  of  previous  litigations,  and  is  confident  that  the 

demands raised by the Assessing Officers are not tenable under the Income Tax Act, 1961. Pending outcome of the aforesaid matters under 

litigation, no provision has been made in the books of account towards these tax demands.

ii.   Service tax

The Group has received demand order towards the service tax  on import of certain services and equivalent amount of penalties under the 

provisions of the Finance Act, 1994 along with the consequential interest during the period April 2006 to July 2009. These demands are 

disputed by the management and the Group has filed appeals against these orders with various appellate authorities. The management 

is of the view that the service tax is not applicable on those import of services, and is confident that the demands raised by the Assessing 

Officers are not tenable under law. Pending outcome of the aforesaid matter under litigation, no provision has been made in the books of 

account for these tax demands.

iii.   Others
The Group had received certain claims from ex-directors for an amount of  H 1,293 Lakhs. The aforesaid claims are disputed by the Group 
and the matter is presently under arbitration with the arbitration tribunal. The management is of the view that these claims are not tenable. 

Subsequent to the year ended March 31, 2018, in respect of arbitration concerning one of the ex-directors the Honorable Tribunal has 
passed an award directing the Group to pay a sum of  H 700 lakhs. The Group has filed an application to set aside the order and has also 
sought an interim stay in this regard. Basis opinion obtained from its legal counsel, the management is of the view that the outcome of 

the matter is not predictable at this point. Accordingly, no provision is made in this regard and the same has been disclosed as contingent 

liability.

The Group has also claimed the excess managerial remuneration of H 124 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 124 Lakhs) paid to the aforementioned 
ex-directors during the year ended March 31, 2013, in excess of the limits prescribed under Schedule XIII of the Companies Act, 1956 which 

has been treated as monies due from the directors, being held by them in trust for the Group, and other advances paid to directors during 
the year 2012-13 amounting to H 110 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 110 Lakhs). The aggregate amount of H 234 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 234 
Lakhs) is included in ‘Other Financial Assets’ in the financial statements. Pending final outcome of the litigations, no provision has been 

made in the books of account in this regard.

iv.   Corporate Guarantee

 With effect from November 1, 2017, the Company has given corporate guarantee to the lenders of its subsidiary, Subex Assurance LLP, of  
H 8,250 Lakhs for the purpose of availing of working capital loan facilities by the said subsidiary.

v.   The Group does not have any commitments as at balance sheet date except towards the operating lease as disclosed in note 34(a).

Annual Report 2017-18 | 171

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

35.  Employee stock options plans (‘ESOPs’)
The Group during the years 2005-2006 and 2008-09 has established equity settled ESOP schemes of ESOP III and ESOP IV respectively. As 

per these schemes, the Compensation Committee grants the options to the employees deemed eligible by the Advisory Board constituted 

for the purpose. The options are granted at a price, which is not less than 85% of the average market price of the underlying shares based 

on the quotation on the Stock Exchange where the highest volume of shares are traded for 15 days prior to the date of grant. The shares 

granted vest over a period of 1 to 4 years and can be exercised over a maximum period of 3 years from the date of vesting.

Employees stock options details as on the balance sheet date are:

Particulars

Options outstanding at the beginning of the year

ESOP – III
ESOP – IV

Cancelled, surrendered or lapsed during the year

ESOP – III
ESOP – IV

Options outstanding at the end of the year

ESOP – III
ESOP – IV

Options exercisable at the end of the year

ESOP – III
ESOP – IV    

2017-18
Options (no.) Weighted average 
exercise price per 
stock option (H)

2016-17
Options (no.) Weighted average 
exercise price per 
stock option (H)

 92,368 
 28,301 

 68,313 
 28,301 

 24,055 
 - 

 24,055 
 - 

 22.97 
 28.44 

24.67
28.44

 18.24 
 - 

 18.24 
 - 

 1,44,979 
 1,30,500 

 52,611 
 1,02,199 

 92,368 
 28,301 

 92,368 
 28,301 

 24.28 
 28.51 

26.54
28.53

 22.97 
 28.44 

 22.99 
 28.44 

Details of weighted average remaining contractual life and range of exercise prices for the options outstanding at the balance sheet 
date:

Particulars

ESOP – III
ESOP – IV    

*considering vesting and exercise period.

36.  Employee benefit plans 

Weighted average remaining 
contractual life(years)*

2017-18

2016-17

 1.26 
 - 

 1.99 
 0.67 

Range of exercise prices (H)

2017-18
 10.26 - 54.83 
 - 

2016-17
 10.26 - 54.83 
 28.44 

a)  Provident fund 
The Group makes contributions to Provident Fund, Pension Fund, Employee State Insurance scheme and other funds which are defined 

contribution plan for qualifying employees. Under the scheme, the Group is required to contribute a specified percentage of the payroll 
costs to fund the benefits.  The Group recognized H 980 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 990 Lakhs) towards Provident Fund and Pension Fund 
contributions and H 44 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 47 Lakhs) towards 401K contribution.

b)  Gratuity
The Group offers Gratuity benefits to employees, a defined benefit plan, Gratuity plan is governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. 

Under gratuity plan, every employee who has completed at least five years of service gets a gratuity on departure @15 days of last drawn 

salary for each completed year of service. The scheme is funded with an insurance company in the form of qualifying insurance policy. 

172 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

36.  Employee benefit plans (contd.)

The following tables set out the status of the gratuity plan:
Disclosure as per Ind AS 19

A. Change in defined benefit obligation

Obligations at beginning of the year
Service cost
Interest cost
Benefits settled
Actuarial loss (through OCI)
Currency translation adjustment
Obligations at end of the year

B.

Change in plan assets
Plan assets at beginning of the year, at fair value
Expected return on plan assets
Actuarial gain (through OCI)
Contributions
Benefits settled
Plan assets at the end of the year

Present value of defined benefit obligation at the end of the year
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year

C. Net liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheet

D.

E.

F.

Expenses recognized in the consolidated statement of profit and loss:
Service cost
Interest cost (net)
Net gratuity cost
Re-measurement gains/ (losses) in OCI
Actuarial loss due to financial assumption changes
Actuarial gain due to experience adjustments
Actuarial loss - return on plan assets greater than discount rate
Total expenses recognized through OCI
Assumptions
Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets
Salary escalation*
Attrition rate
Retirement age

As at 
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017

 484 
 89 
 31 
 (64)
 32 
 1 
 573 

 144 
 10 
 2 
 110 
 (62)
 204 

 (573)
 204 
 (369)

 453 
 76 
 32 
 (108)
 33 
 (2)
 484 

 116 
 9 
 -   
 120 
 (101)
 144 

 (484)
 144 
 (340)

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended 
March 31, 2018

Year ended 
March 31, 2017

 89 
 21 
 110 

 (16)
 48 
 (2)
 30 

7.60%
7.00%
8.00%
18.00%
60 years

 76 
 23 
 99 

 13 
 20 
 -   
 33 

7.00%
7.60%
8.00%
18.00%
60 years

Annual Report 2017-18 | 173

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

36.  Employee benefit plans (contd.)

G.

Five years pay-outs
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
After 5th Year

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 89 
 82 
 78 
 73 
 68 
 458 

 43 
 70 
 65 
 62 
 57 
 366 

*The estimate of future salary increases considered, takes into account the inflation, seniority, promotion, increments and other relevant 
factors, benefit obligation such as supply and demand in the employment market.

H.

Contribution likely to be made for the next one year

I.

The  major  categories  of  plan  assets  as  a  percentage  of  the  fair  value  of  total  plan 
assets are as follows:

As at 
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at 
March 31, 2017

89

 120 

100%

100%

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended March 31, 2018
0.5% increase

0.5% decrease

Year ended March 31, 2017
0.5% increase

0.5% decrease

 (12)

 13 

 (10)

 11 

1% increase

1% decrease

 1% increase 

 1% decrease 

 23 

 (22)

 18 

 (17)

 5% increase 

 5% decrease 

 5% increase 

 5% decrease 

 (12)

 13 

 (12)

 9 

Investment with insurer

J. 

Sensitivity analysis

Effect of change in discount rate
Impact on defined benefit obligation increase/ 
(decrease)
Effect of change in salary
Impact on defined benefit obligation increase/ 
(decrease)
Effect of change in withdrawal
Impact on defined benefit obligation increase/ 
(decrease)

174 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

37.  Additional information pursuant to para 2 of general instructions for the preparation of consolidated financial statements:

(a)  Contribution of net assets/ (liability) in the consolidated financial statements:

As at and for the year ended March 31, 2018

Net Assets i.e., total assets 
minus total liabilities
Amount
As % of  
Consolidated 
net assets 

Share in profit or loss

Amount

As % of 
Consolidated 
profit or loss

 (H in Lakhs)

Share in other 
comprehensive income
Amount
As % of 
consolidated 
other com-
prehensive 
income

Share in total  
comprehensive income
Amount
As % of 
consolidated 
total com-
prehensive 
income

Name of the entity

Parent 
Subex Limited

Indian subsidiaries
Subex Technologies Limited
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP

Foreign subsidiaries
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd.
Subex (UK) Ltd.
Subex Americas Inc. 
Subex Inc.,
Subex Technologies Inc.
Subex Middle East

Total
Adjustments arising out of 
consolidation
Total

Name of the entity

Parent 
Subex Limited

Indian subsidiaries
Subex Technologies Limited
Subex Assurance LLP
Subex Digital LLP

Foreign subsidiaries
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd.
Subex (UK) Ltd.
Subex Americas Inc. 
Subex Inc.,
Subex Technologies Inc.
Subex Middle East

Total
Adjustments arising out of 
consolidation
Total

49%

 74,234 

1%

 32 

(1%)

 (8)

-

 24 

-
41%
1%

1%
7%
3%
(2%)
-
-

 25 
 62,262 
 1,279 

 780 
 10,098 
 5,115 
 (2,983)
 - 
 59 

-
14%
(12%)

(13%)
(16%)
124%
2%
-
-

 (4)
 710 
 (586)

 (655)
 (826)
 6,264 
 87 
 - 
 (14)

-
(1%)
-

(19%)
127%
(4%)
(2%)
-
-

 - 
 (12)
 (4)

 (179)
 1,185 
 (37)
 (20)
 - 
1

-
12%
(10%)

(14%)
6%
105%
1%
-
-

 (4)
 698 
 (590)

 (834)
 359 
 6,227 
 67 
 - 
 (13)

100%

 150,869 

100%

 5,008 

100%

 926 

100%

 5,934 

- 

- 

 (72,924)

 77,945 

- 

- 

 (2,940)

 2,068 

- 

- 

 (1,166)

 (240)

- 

- 

 (4,106)

 1,828 

Net Assets i.e., total assets 
minus total liabilities
Amount
As % of  
Consolidated 
net assets 

Share in profit or loss

Amount

As % of 
Consolidated 
profit or loss

 (H in Lakhs)

Share in other 
comprehensive income
Amount
As % of 
consolidated 
other com-
prehensive 
income

Share in total  
comprehensive income
Amount
As % of 
consolidated 
total com-
prehensive 
income

95%

 63,726 

(13%)

 (683)

2%

 (33)

(18%)

 (716)

-
-
-

(4%)
(16%)
(2%)
(5%)
-
-

 29 
 - 
 - 

 (2,378)
 9,733 
 (1,181)
 (3,049)
 - 
 71 

1%
-
-

17%
35%
57%
2%
-
1%

 54 
 - 
 - 

 892 
 1,859 
 3,012 
 116 
 (1)
 35 

-
-
-

(13%)
124%
(7%)
(6%)
0%
0%

 - 
 - 
 - 

182
 (1,705)
102
81
 - 
 (3)

1%
-
-

27%
4%
80%
5%
-
1%

 54 
 - 
 - 

 1,074 
154
 3,114 
 197 
 (1)
 32 

100%

 66,951 

100%

 5,284 

100%

 (1,376)

100%

 3,908 

- 

- 

 1,458 

 68,409 

- 

- 

 (9,607)

 (4,323)

- 

 -

 - 

 (1,376)

- 

- 

 (9,607)

 (5,699)

Annual Report 2017-18 | 175

As at and for the year ended March 31, 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

38.  Capital management
The Group’s objective is to maintain a strong capital base to ensure sustained growth in business and to maximize the shareholders value. 
The capital management focuses to maintain an optimal structure that balances growth and maximizes shareholder value. 

Particulars

A.

Total equity attributable to the share holders of the Company*
Borrowings - Current*
Current maturities of long term borrowings**

B.

Total loans and borrowings

C.
D.
E.

Total capital (A+B)
Total loans and borrowings as a percentage of total capital (B/C)
Total equity as a percentage of total capital (A/C)

As at
March 31, 2018

 77,945
 3,215
 -

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017
 68,409
 8,590
 10,059

 3,215

 18,649

 81,160
4%
96%

 87,058
21%
79%

*The Company has made preferential allotment of equity shares during the current year. Refer note 14(e).

*The current borrowings are in the nature of working capital loans from banks. The Group has sufficient cash and cash equivalents and 
other financial assets which are liquid to meet the aforesaid current borrowings.
**Current maturities of long term borrowings represented term loans of US$ 12 Million (H 7,782 Lakhs) and FCCBs III of  H 2,277 Lakhs and 
has been duly repaid as on May 15, 2017 and July 07, 2017, respectively.

In order to achieve the aforesaid objective, the Group’s capital management, amongst other things, aims to ensure that it meets financial 
covenants attached to the borrowings that define capital structure requirements. There have been no breaches in the financial covenants 
of any borrowing in the current year.

39.  Fair value hierarchy
The carrying value of financial instruments by categories is as follows:

Financial assets measured at amortized cost
Interest accrued but not due on bank deposits*
Trade receivables*
Unbilled revenue*
Security deposits^
Loans and advances to employees*

Cash and cash equivalents and other balances with banks
Cash on hand#
Balance with banks#
Margin money deposits#

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost
Employee related liabilities*
Trade payables*
Interest accrued but not due on borrowings^
Borrowings^

176 | SUBEX LIMITED

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 3
 9,290
 5,247
 439
 134
 15,113

 1
 3,006
 370
 3,377

 1,511
 1,331
 -
 3,215
 6,057

 11
 11,851
 4,497
 399
 196
 16,954

 1
 7,385
 258
 7,644

 1,362
 1,805
 501
 18,649
 22,317

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

39.  Fair value hierarchy (contd.)

*The carrying value of these accounts are considered to be the same as their fair value, due to their short term nature. Accordingly, these 
are classified as level 3 of fair value hierarchy.

#These accounts are considered to be highly liquid/ liquid and the carrying amount of these are considered to be the same as their fair 
value. Accordingly, these are classified as level 3 of fair value hierarchy.

^The fair value of these accounts was calculated based on cash flow discounted using a current lending/ borrowing rate, they are classified 
as level 3 fair value hierarchy due to inclusion of unobservable inputs including counterparty credit risk.

40.  Financial risk management:
The Group’s activities expose it to the following risks:
i.     Credit risk
ii.  
iii.   Liquidity risk
iv.   Market risk

Interest rate risk

Credit risk

i. 
Credit  Risk  is  the  risk  that  a  counter  party  will  not  meet  its  obligations  under  a  financial  instrument  or  customer  contract  leading  to  a 
financial loss. The Group is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables and unbilled revenue) from its 
financing activities including deposits with banks, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments.

Trade receivables

a. 
Credit risk is managed by each business unit as per the Group’s established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk 
management. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored.

The impairment analysis is performed at each reporting date on an individual basis for major clients. In addition, a large number of minor 
receivables are grouped into homogeneous groups and assessed for impairment collectively. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the 
reporting date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets. The Group does not hold collateral as security.

b.  Credit risk exposure
The Group’s credit period generally ranges from 30 - 180 days. The credit risk exposure of the Group is as below:

Trade receivables
Unbilled revenue
Total

As at
March 31, 2018

 9,290 
 5,247 
 14,537 

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 11,851 
 4,497 
 16,348 

The Group evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, since majority of its customers are reputed telecom 
companies and are spread across multiple geographies.

c.  Other financial assets and deposits with banks
Credit risk is limited, as the Group generally invests in deposits with banks with high credit ratings assigned by international and domestic 
credit rating agencies. Counterparty credit limits are reviewed by the Group periodically and the limits are set to minimize the concentration 
of risks and therefore mitigate financial loss through counterparty’s potential failure to make payments.

Interest rate risk  

ii.  
 Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest 
rates.  The Company’s risk of changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s debt obligations with floating interest rates for 
the period the Company was holding the debts.

Annual Report 2017-18 | 177

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

40.  Financial risk management (contd.)

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates, with all other variables held constant.  
The impact on entity’s profit before tax due to change in the interest rate/ fair value of financial liabilities are as disclosed below:

Particulars

Working capital loans

 (H in Lakhs)

Year ended March 31, 2018
Effect of 
Change 

Year ended March 31, 2017
Effect of 
Change

in interest rate

profit before 

in interest rate

profit before 

exceptional items 

exceptional items 

and tax expense
 (60)
 60 

+1%
-1%

and tax expense
 (94)
 94 

+1%
-1%

iii.  Liquidity risk    
The Group’s principal sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents and the cash flow that is generated from operations. The Group 
believes that the cash and cash equivalents is sufficient to meet its current requirements. Accordingly, no liquidity risk is perceived.

The break-up of cash and cash equivalents and deposits is as below:

Particulars

Cash and cash equivalents
Other balances with banks

As at
March 31, 2018

 (H in Lakhs)
As at
March 31, 2017

 3,007 
 370 
 3,377 

 7,386 
 258 
 7,644 

The  table  below  summarizes  the  maturity  profile  of  the  Group’s  financial  liabilities  at  the  reporting  date.  The  amounts  are  based  on 
contractual undiscounted payments. 

Particulars

On demand

0-180 Days

180-365 Days

365 Days and 
above

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

As at March 31, 2018
Trade payables
Borrowings
Other financial liabilities

As at March 31, 2017
Trade payables
Borrowings
Other financial liabilities

 251 
 - 
 - 
 251 

 542 
 - 
 - 
 542 

 983 
 3,215 
 1,511 
 5,709 

 1,000 
 18,701 
 1,867 
 21,568 

 95 
 - 
 - 
 95 

 263 
 - 
 - 
 263 

 3 
 - 
 - 
 3 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 1,331 
 3,215 
 1,511 
 6,057 

 1,805 
 18,701 
 1,867 
 22,373 

iv.  Market risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange 
rates. The Group’s exchange risk arises from its foreign operations, foreign currency revenues and expenses. The Group has exposures 
to United States Dollars (‘US$’), Great Britain Pound (‘GBP’), Euro (‘EUR’), United Arab Emirates Dirham (‘AED’) and other currencies. The 
Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company’s operating activities and financing 
activities.

178 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

40.  Financial risk management (contd.)

Below is the summary of foreign currency exposure of Group’s financial assets and liabilities.

As at March 31, 2018

Particulars

Financial assets

Trade receivables

Cash and cash equivalents and other 
bank balances

Other financial assets

Total financial assets

Financial liabilities

Borrowings

Other financial liabilities

Total financial liabilities

Net financial assets/ (liabilities)

As at March 31, 2017

Particulars

Financial assets

Trade receivables

Cash and cash equivalents and other 
bank balances

Other financial assets

Total financial assets

Financial liabilities

Borrowings

Other financial liabilities

Total financial liabilities

Net financial assets/ (liabilities)

US$

Denominated Currency
AED
GBP

Others

 5,482 

 334 

 1,109 

 6,925 

 837 

 1,306 

 2,143 

 4,782 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 793 

 1 

 794 

 (794)

 1,507 

 54 

 150 

 1,711 

 840 

 (92)

 748 

 963 

 842 

 121 

 181 

 1,144 

 745 

 (160)

 585 

 559 

US$

Denominated Currency
AED
GBP

Others

 6,631 

 4,694 

 3,070 

 14,395 

 2,786 

 3,278 

 6,064 

 8,331 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 1,979 

 - 

 1,979 

 (1,979)

 1,587 

 582 

 186 

 2,355 

 73 

 191 

 264 

 2,091 

 1,670 

 339 

 85 

 2,094 

 818 

 265 

 1,083 

 1,011 

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

 7,831 

 509 

 1,440 

 9,780 

 3,215 

 1,055 

 4,270 

 5,510 

 (H in Lakhs)
Total

 9,888 

 5,616 

 3,341 

 18,845 

 5,656 

 3,734 

 9,390 

 9,455 

Sensitivity analysis
Every 1% appreciation or depreciation in the respective foreign currencies against functional currency of the each of the group entities 
would cause the profit before exceptional items in proportion to revenue to increase or decrease respectively by 0.17% (March 31, 2017: 
0.29%). 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 179

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

41.  Standards issued but not yet effective

Ind AS 115- Revenue from contract with customers:
On March 28, 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs notified Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers. The standard replaces  
Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts and Ind AS 18 Revenue.

The core principle of Ind AS 115 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers 
in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Ind AS 115 introduces a 5-step approach to revenue recognition:

•  

•  

Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Identify the performance obligation in contract

•   Determine the transaction price

•  

•  

Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Ind AS 115 establishes control-based revenue recognition model. An entity recognizes revenue when (or as) a performance obligation is 
satisfied, i.e. when ‘control’ of the goods or services underlying the performance obligation is transferred to the customer. Also, Ind AS 115 
provides more guidance for deciding whether revenue is recognized at a point in time or over time.

Transitional options under Ind AS 115:
•  

Retrospectively to each prior period presented in accordance with Ind AS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and 
Errors, subject to some practical expedients mentioned in Ind AS 115

•  

Retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initial application recognized at the date of initial application

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2018. The Group is currently evaluating the requirements and 
impact of Ind AS 115 on its financial statements.

Ind AS 21 - Appendix B:
The Appendix clarifies that, in determining the spot exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income 
(or part of it) on the derecognition of a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability relating to advance consideration, the date of the 
transaction is the date on which an entity initially recognizes the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the advance 
consideration. If there are multiple payments or receipts in advance, then the entity must determine the transaction date for each payment 
or receipt of advance consideration.

Entities  may  apply  the  Appendix  requirements  on  a  fully  retrospective  basis.  Alternatively,  an  entity  may  apply  these  requirements 
prospectively to all assets, expenses and income in its scope that are initially recognized on or after:

(i)   The beginning of the reporting period in which the entity first applies the Appendix, or

(ii)   The beginning of a prior reporting period presented as comparative information in the financial statements of the reporting period in 

which the entity first applies the Appendix.

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2018. The Group is currently evaluating the requirements and 
impact of the aforesaid on its financial statements.

180 | SUBEX LIMITED

Notes to the consolidated financial statements  for the year ended March 31, 2018

42.  As per section 135 of The Company’s Act, 2013, a Corporate Social Responsibility (‘CSR’) committee has been formed by Subex Limited. 
The primary function of the Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in formulating the CSR policy and review the implementation 
and progress of the same from time to time. The CSR Policy focuses on creating opportunities for the disadvantaged with emphasis 
on persons with disabilities. The Company has incurred losses during the three immediately preceding years and accordingly, is not 
required to spend any amount during the current year for this purpose. Accordingly, the Company has not made any expenditure 
during the year ended March, 2018. Subsequent to the year end, on April 20, 2018, the Company has voluntarily incurred an expense 
of  H 10 lakhs towards CSR activities.  

43.  The Group had remitted withholding taxes on interest on FCCBs III in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 
amounting to H 1,067 Lakhs pertaining to FCCBs III which have been converted into equity shares of the Company. Pursuant to such 
conversion, the interest accrued but not due is considered no longer payable and the management basis expert advice, is of the view 
that the withholding taxes paid by the Group in respect of the aforesaid interest, are recoverable from income tax department and/ or 
are adjustable against its other withholding taxes obligations. Accordingly, upon revision of withholding taxes returns, the Group has 
adjusted withholding taxes of H 30 Lakhs (March 31, 2017: H 1,037 Lakhs) on salary, professional services and others by write-back of 
withholding taxes on interest on FCCBs paid earlier, and such write back is included under other income. 

44.  The Group Companies has entered into ‘International transactions’ with ‘Associated Enterprises’ which are subject to Transfer Pricing 
regulations in India, as well as in the other geographies. The Group is in the process of carrying out transfer pricing study for the year 
ended March 31, 2018 in this regard, to comply with the requirements of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and other applicable laws in other 
countries. The Management of the Group, is of the opinion that such transactions with Associated Enterprises are at arm’s length 
and hence in compliance with the aforesaid legislation. Consequently, this will not have any impact on the consolidated financial 
statements, particularly on account of tax expense and that of provision for taxation.

45.  Previous  year figures have been regrouped/ reclassified, wherever necessary to conform to current years’s classification.

As per our report of even date 

For and on behalf of the Board of Directors

For S.R. Batliboi & Associates LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI Firm registration number: 101049W/E300004 

Vinod Kumar Padmanabhan 
Managing Director & CEO 
DIN : 06563872 

Anil Singhvi   
Chairman & Director   
DIN : 00239589  

Nisha Dutt
Director  
DIN : 06465957

per Rajeev Kumar 
Partner 
Membership No.: 213803 
Place: Bengaluru 
Date: May 04, 2018 

Poornima Kamalaksh Prabhu 
Director 
DIN: 03114937
Place: Bengaluru
Date: May 04, 2018

Mehernaz Dalal  
Chief Financial Officer  

Annual Report 2017-18 | 181

 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ Information 

REGISTERED OFFICE
The  Registered  office  of  the  Company  is  at  RMZ  Ecoworld,  Outer 
Ring Road, Devarabisanahalli, Bengaluru – 560 103.

DATE AND VENUE OF THE 24th ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING (AGM)   

Date

July 31, 2018

Venue The “Grand Ball Room”, Hotel Lalit Ashok,  

Kumara Krupa High Grounds, Bengaluru – 560 001

Time

2 PM

DATES OF BOOK CLOSURE 
From July 25, 2018 to July 31, 2018 (both days inclusive).

BOARD MEETINGS & FINANCIAL CALENDAR

Financial year  :   April 01, 2018 to March 31, 2019

Calendar of Board Meetings to adopt the accounts

For  quarter  ending  June  30, 
2018

For quarter ending September 
30, 2018

For quarter ending December 
31, 2018

For the year ending March 31, 
2019

– 4th week of July 2018

– 2nd week of November 2018

– 2nd week of February 2019  

– 4th week of May 2019

DIVIDEND 
The Directors have not proposed any dividend for the financial year 
2017-18. 

LISTING ON STOCK EXCHANGES 
Equity  Shares  of  the  Company  are  quoted  on  the  National  Stock 
Exchange of India Limited (NSE) since September 05, 2003 and on 
the BSE Limited (BSE) since July 31, 2000. The Company has paid 
listing fees for the year 2017-18 in accordance with the provisions 
of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations, 2015. 

The 2,43,207 Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) of the Company 
are  listed  on  the  Professional  Securities  Market  of  London  Stock 
Exchange since March 09, 2007.  

During the year the outstanding amount of US$ 3.60 Million of the 
Company’s US$ 127.721 million 5.70% Convertible Secured Bonds, 
listed on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited since 
July 10, 2012 was redeemed on July 07, 2017.

The  stock  codes  of  the  Company  at  the  Stock  Exchanges  are  as 
follows:

Name  and  address  of  the  Stock 
Exchange 

Stock code

National  Stock  Exchange  of  India 
Limited,  Exchange  Plaza,  5th  Floor, 
Plot No. C/1, G Block
Bandra Kurla Complex,
Bandra (East) Mumbai- 400051  

BSE Limited, 
Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers  
Dalal Street,  Mumbai 400001    

London Stock Exchange 
10 Paternoster Square
London 
EC4M 7LS 

SUBEX

532348

SUBX

The  International  Securities  Identification  Number  (ISIN)  for  the 
Company’s Equity Shares in dematerialized form is INE754A01014.

CUSTODIAL FEE
Pursuant  to  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Board  of  India  (SEBI) 
Circular  No.  MRD/DoP/SE/Dep/Cir-4/2005  dated  January  28, 
2005  issuer  companies  are  required  to  pay  custodial  fees  to  the 
depositories  with  effect  from  April  01,  2005.    The  said  circular 
has  been  partially  modified  vide  SEBI’s  Circular  No.  MRD/DoP/
SE/Dep/Cir-2/2009  dated  February  10,  2009.  The  Company,  in 
accordance  with  the  aforesaid  circulars,  paid  custodial  fees  for 
the year 2017-18 to NSDL and CDSL on the basis of the number of 
beneficial accounts maintained by them as on March 31, 2017. 

STOCK MARKET DATA RELATING TO EQUITY SHARES LISTED IN INDIA
Average Monthly high and low quotes during each month in the 
financial year 2017-18 as well as the volume of shares traded on 

182 | SUBEX LIMITED

 
NSE and BSE are as under:

Month

Apr-17

May-17

Jun-17

Jul-17

Aug-17

Sep-17

Oct-17

Nov-17

Dec-17

Jan-18

Feb-18

Mar-18

NSE

BSE

Index Close Price

High* H 

Low* H 

High H 

Low H 

Sensex  
(Closing price)

Nifty  
(closing price)

11.58

11.32

9.97

10.57

9.02

8.86

8.58

8.77

8.73

11.39

9.43

8.44

11.12

10.87

9.70

10.04

8.62

8.54

8.30

8.40

8.37

10.51

8.93

8.14

11.59

11.31

9.95

10.58

9.02

8.85

8.59

8.73

8.76

11.37

9.43

8.43

11.12

10.88

9.72

10.04

8.63

8.57

8.30

8.41

8.38

10.52

8.94

8.13

29,695.83

30,420.07

31,144.68

31,879.61

31,772.23

31,887.12

32,397.64

33,395.14

33,424.40

34,989.42

34,287.04

33,323.32

9,214.57

9,436.99

9,606.95

9,850.12

9,901.18

9,977.92

10,138.68

10,324.75

10,322.26

10,771.15

10,533.11

10,232.63

*The monthly high and low quotes are calculated based on the average high and low prices of the month respectively.

SUBEX LIMITED SHARE PRICE VERSUS NSE S&P CNX NIFTY AND SENSEX  

40000

35000

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

25

20

15

10

5

0

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Sensex-Avg close

Subex BSE

Annual Report 2017-18 | 183

15000

10000

5000

0

25

20

15

10

5

0

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Nifty - Avg Close

Subex NSE

CREDIT RATING
The India Ratings and Research organisation (Ind-Ra) in their letter dated July 20, 2017 made to the Company upgraded the Credit Rating 
of Subex Limited from IND BBB+ to IND A-.

Instrument wise rating actions are mentioned below:

Instrument Type

Fund-based limits

Size of Issue (million)

Rating/Outlook

Rating Action

INR 956 (reduced from INR 1,148)

IND A-/Stable/IND A2+

Upgraded

Upgraded

Non-fund based limits*

INR180

IND A2+

*INR 145 million of the non-fund-based limits is interchangeable with the fund-based limits.

SHAREHOLDING PATTERN 
(As per records of the RTA)*

Distribution of Shareholding:

No. of Equity shares 
held

1 – 5000

5001 – 10000

10001 – 20000

20001 –30000

30001 – 40000

40001 – 50000

50001 – 100000

100001 and above

TOTAL

As on March 31, 2018

As on March 31, 2017

No. of share holders

% to total share holders

No. of share holders

% to total share holders

57,792

19,670

12,783

5,572

2,681

4,091

5,481

5,841

50.73

17.27

11.22

4.89

2.35

3.59

4.81

5.14

56,308

17,686

11,422

4,938

2,468

3,585

4,863

5,164

52.90

16.62

10.73

4.64

2.32

3.37

4.57

4.85

1,13,911

100.00

1,06,434

100.00

184 | SUBEX LIMITED

Categories of Shareholders:

Category

Public & Other (includes GDR’s and Foreign 
Corporate Bodies)

As on March 31, 2018

As on March 31, 2017

No. of share 
holders

Voting 
strength %

No. of shares 
held

No. of share 
holders

Voting 
strength %

No. of shares 
held

112,577

78.66

442,070,413

105,041

78.17

396,248,254

Companies/ Indian Bodies Corporate 

1,292

21.07

118,398,079

1,348

20.96

106,260,982

Core Promoters

Mutual Funds

ESOPs/ Employee shareholders

FII

TOTAL

3

Nil

39

Nil

0.17

Nil

0.10

Nil

974,044

Nil

560,399

Nil

3

Nil

41

1

0.19

Nil

0.12

0.56

974,044

Nil

617,700

2,806,956

1,13,911

100

562,002,935

1,06,434

100

506,907,936

R & T AGENTS AND SHARE TRANSFER SYSTEM
Canbank Computers Services Limited, J P Royale, 1st Floor, No.218, 
2nd Main, Sampige Road (Near 14th Cross), Malleswaram, Bengaluru 
- 560 003, were appointed as ‘Registrar and Transfer Agent’ both 
in respect of shares held in physical form and dematerialized form 
vide a tripartite agreement dated December 05, 2001 in respect of 
shares held with NSDL and a tripartite agreement dated November 
27, 2001 in respect of shares held with CDSL.

A. Process for Transfer of Shares:
With  a  view  to  expedite  the  transfer  process  in  the  interest  of 
investors, SEBI vide its Circular No. CIR/MIRSD/8/2012 dated July 
05, 2012 has reduced the timeline for registering the transfer of 
shares to 15 days with effect from October 01, 2012.

Share transfers would be registered and returned within a period 
of fifteen days from the date of receipt, if the documents are clear 
in all respects.  

B.  Share  transfers  and  other  communication  regarding  Share 
certificates,  updation  of  records,  e-mail  ids,  etc.  may  be 
addressed to:

M/s Canbank Computer Services Limited,
J P Royale, 1st Floor, 
No.218, 2nd Main, 
Sampige Road (Near 14th Cross), 
Malleswaram, 
Bengaluru - 560 003
Tel Nos. +91 80-23469661/62, 23469664/65
Fax Nos. +91 80-23469667/68
E-mail: canbankrta@ccsl.co.in 
Website: www.canbankrta.com 

SHARES HELD IN PHYSICAL AND DEMATERIALISED FORM 
As on March 31, 2018, 99.99% of the Company’s shares were held 
in dematerialized form and the rest in physical form. 

OUTSTANDING GDRS/ADRS/WARRANTS/CONVERTIBLE 
INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON EQUITY
As on March 31, 2018, the outstanding GDRs were 243,207.

During the year the outstanding amount of US$ 3.60 Million of the 
Company’s US$ 127.721 million 5.70% Convertible Secured Bonds, 
listed on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited since 
July 10, 2012 was redeemed on July 07, 2017. 

LOCATIONS 
• Broomfield, CO 80021, USA
• Harrow, Middlesex, HA1 1JU, UK
• Burlington Square, Singapore
• Sharjah Airport International Free Zone, Sharjah, UAE

NOMINATION 
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 72 of the Companies Act, 2013, 
members  may  file  nomination  in  respect  of  their  shareholdings. 
Any member willing to avail this facility may submit to the Company 
the prescribed Form SH-13 (in duplicate), if not already filed. Form 
SH-13  can  be  obtained  with  the  help  of  M/s  Canbank  Computer 
Services  Limited,  the  R&T  Agents.  Members  holding  shares  in 
electronic  form  are  requested  to  give  the  nomination  request  to 
their respective Depository Participants directly.

COMMODITY PRICE RISK / FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK AND HEDGING 

ACTIVITIES  
Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk on account of import 
and  export  transactions  entered.  The  Company  is  not  doing  any 

Annual Report 2017-18 | 185

hedging  activities,  as  there  is  a  natural  hedge  between  exports 
and imports.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE 
For any queries, please write to:

INVESTOR GRIEVANCES 
Details of the investor grievances received from the Registrar and 
Transfer agent (RTA) for the period from April 01, 2017 to March 31, 
2018 are as stated below. Additionally, the Company has attended 
to  all  the  investor  grievances/correspondence  received  through 
E-mails or telephone on a timely manner.

Arjun Makhecha

Acting Company Secretary,

Subex Limited, RMZ Ecoworld, Outer Ring Road, Devarabisanahalli, 

Bengaluru – 560 103, India.

Telephone: +91 80 6659 8700 Fax: +91 80 6696 3333

Email: investorrelations@subex.com 

Nature  of  complaints  (excluding  the 
grievances received through E-mails or 
telephone)

Non-receipt  of  share  certificates/refund 
orders/call  money  notice/allotment 
advice/dividend warrant/ annual report

Letters from NSDL, Banks etc.

Correction/change  of  bank  mandate  of 
refund order/Change of address 

Postal returns of cancelled stock invests 
/  refund  orders/  share  certificates  / 
dividend warrants

Other general query

Total

Received Cleared

WEBSITE 

Company’s  website  www.subex.com  contains  comprehensive 

information about the Company, products, press releases, financials 

and investor relations. It serves as a source of information to the 

shareholders by providing key information like Board of Directors 

and  the  Committees,  financial  results,  shareholding  pattern, 

distribution of shareholding etc.

0

0

0

0

4

4

0

0

0

0

4

4

Notes

Notes

INDIA
Subex Limited
(CIN: L85110KA1994PLCO16663) 
Regd. office: RMZ Ecoworld, 
Devarabisanahalli, Outer Ring Road 
Bengaluru - 560103, India

Tel: +91 80 6659 8700 
Fax: +91 80 6696 3333

USA
Subex Inc.
12303 Airport Way, Bldg. 1,  
Suite. 390, Broomfield, CO 80021

Tel: +1 303 301 6200 
Fax: +1 303 301 6201

UK
Subex (UK) Limited
1st Floor, Rama Apartment, 
17 St Ann’s Road, Harrow, 
Middlesex, HA1 1JU

Tel: +44 0207 8265300 
Fax: +44 0207 8265352

Singapore
Subex (Asia Pacific) Pte Limited
175A Bencoolen Street 
#08-03 Burlington Square 
Singapore - 189650

Tel: +65 6338 1218 
Fax: +65 6338 1216

Middle East
Subex Middle East (FZE)
Executive Desk Q1-04-098/B, 
P.O. Box: 513156, 
Sharjah Airport International 
Free Zone, Sharjah, UAE

Canada
Subex Americas Inc.
C/O BDO Canada LLP, 
5494, Manotick Main Street  
Box. 918, Manotick, Ontario 
Canada, K4M1A8

Regional offices: Dubai | Ipswich