SVB Financial Group
Annual Report 2020

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Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K ☒ ☐ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 OR TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to . Commission File Number: 000-15637 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 91-1962278 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, California 95054-1191 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) (408) 654-7400 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common stock, par value $0.001 per share Depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th ownership interest in a share of 5.250% Fixed-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A Trading Symbol SIVB SIVBP Name of each exchange on which registered The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer x ¨ Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company ☐ ☐ ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Yes ☒ No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity securities held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2020, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based upon the closing price of its common stock on such date, on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $10,704,636,319. At January 31, 2021, 51,949,900 shares of the registrant’s common stock ($0.001 par value) were outstanding. Definitive proxy statement for the Company's 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 Documents Incorporated by Reference Parts of Form 10-K Into Which Incorporated Part III Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I. PART II. PART III. PART IV. SIGNATURES Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Item 7A. Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. Item 15. Item 16. Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Consolidated Financial Data Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statements of Income Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management, and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accounting Fees and Services Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules Form 10-K Summary 2 Page 6 17 36 36 36 36 37 39 40 95 98 101 102 103 104 105 106 186 186 186 187 187 187 187 187 188 189 191 Table of Contents Glossary of Frequently-used Acronyms in this Report ACL — Allowance for Credit Losses AFS— Available-for-Sale AICPA— American Institute of Certified Public Accountants ASC— Accounting Standards Codification ASU— Accounting Standards Update CECL — Current Expected Credit Losses CET 1 — Common Equity Tier 1 DFPI— California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation EHOP— Employee Home Ownership Program of the Company EPS— Earnings Per Share ERI— Energy and Resource Innovation ESOP— Employee Stock Ownership Plan of the Company ESPP— 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of the Company FASB— Financial Accounting Standards Board FDIC— Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FHLB— Federal Home Loan Bank FINRA— Financial Industry Regulatory Authority FRB— Federal Reserve Bank FTE— Full-Time Employee FTP— Funds Transfer Pricing GAAP— Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America HTM— Held-to-Maturity IFRS— International Financial Reporting Standards IPO— Initial Public Offering IRS— Internal Revenue Service IT— Information Technology LIBOR— London Interbank Offered Rate M&A— Mergers and Acquisitions OTTI — Other Than Temporary Impairment PPP — Paycheck Protection Program SEC— Securities and Exchange Commission SPD-SVB— SPD Silicon Valley Bank Co. Ltd. (the Bank's joint venture bank in China) TDR— Troubled Debt Restructuring U.K. — United Kingdom VIE— Variable Interest Entity 3 Table of Contents Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including in particular “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under Part II, Item 7 of this report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, management has in the past and may in the future make forward-looking statements to analysts, investors, representatives of the media and others. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts and represent only our beliefs regarding future events. Broadly speaking, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following: • • • • • • • • Financial projections, including with respect to our net interest income, noninterest income, earnings per share, noninterest expenses (including professional services, compliance, compensation and other costs), cash flows, balance sheet positions, capital expenditures, deposit growth, liquidity and capitalization or other financial items; Descriptions of our strategic initiatives, plans or objectives for future operations, including pending sales or acquisitions, including the announced planned acquisition of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. ("Boston Private"); Forecasts of private equity and venture capital funding and investment levels; Forecasts of future interest rates, economic performance, and income from investments; Forecasts of expected levels of provisions for loan losses, loan growth, loan mix, loan yields and client funds; The outlook on our clients' performance; The potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic; and Descriptions of assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing. You can identify this and other forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “becoming,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “assume,” “seek,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” and the negative of such words or comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. • • Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we have based these expectations on our current beliefs as well as our assumptions, and such expectations may not prove to be correct. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside our control. Our actual results of operations and financial performance could differ significantly from those expressed in or implied by our management’s forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ from the expectations stated in the forward-looking statements include, among others: • Market and economic conditions (including the general condition of the capital and equity markets, and IPO, M&A and financing activity levels) and the associated impact on us (including effects on client demand for our commercial and investment banking and other financial services, as well as on the valuations of our investments); The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on the economic and business environments in which we operate; The impact of changes in the U.S. presidential administration and the U.S. Congress on the economic environment, capital markets and regulatory landscape, including monetary, tax and other trade policies; Changes in the volume and credit quality of our loans as well as volatility of our levels of nonperforming assets and charge-offs; The impact of changes in interest rates or market levels or factors affecting or affected by them, especially on our loan and investment portfolios; The adequacy of our allowance for credit losses and the need to make provisions for credit losses for any period; The sufficiency of our capital and liquidity provisions; Changes in the levels of our loans, deposits and client investment fund balances; Changes in the performance or equity valuations of funds or companies in which we have invested or hold derivative instruments or equity warrant assets; Variations from our expectations as to factors impacting our cost structure Changes in our assessment of the creditworthiness or liquidity of our clients or unanticipated effects of credit concentration risks which create or exacerbate deterioration of such creditworthiness or liquidity; Variations from our expectations as to factors impacting the timing and level of employee share-based transactions; The occurrence of fraudulent activity, including breaches of our information security or cyber security-related incidents; • • • • • • • • • • 4 Table of Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Business disruptions and interruptions due to natural disasters and other external events; The impact on our reputation and business from our interactions with business partners, counterparties, service providers and other third parties; The expansion of our business internationally, and the impact of international market and economic events on us; The effectiveness of our risk management framework and quantitative models; The impact of governmental policy, legal requirements and regulations including regulations promulgated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve"), and other regulatory requirements; Our ability to maintain or increase our market share, including through successfully implementing our business strategy and undertaking new business initiatives, including through the integration of Boston Private; An inability to complete the acquisition of Boston Private, or changes in the current anticipated timeframe, terms or manner of such acquisition; The occurrence of any event change or other circumstance that could give rise to the right of one or both parties to terminate the merger agreement between us and Boston Private; Greater than expected costs or other difficulties related to the integration of our business and that of Boston Private; Variations from our expectations as to the amount and timing of business opportunities, growth prospects and cost savings associated with completing the acquisition of Boston Private; The inability to retain existing Boston Private clients and employees following the closing of the Boston Private acquisition; Unfavorable resolution of legal proceedings or claims, as well as legal or regulatory proceedings or governmental actions; Variations from our expectations as to factors impacting our estimate of our full-year effective tax rate; Changes in applicable accounting standards and tax laws; Regulatory or legal changes or their impact on us; and Other factors as discussed in “Risk Factors” under Part I, Item 1A of this report. The operating and economic environment has continued to be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has created major economic and financial disruptions that have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, certain of our business, operations, financial performance and prospects. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, it is possible that the U.S. and other major economies will experience or continue to experience a prolonged recession, which could materially and adversely affect our business, operations, financial performance and prospects. Statements about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations, financial performance and prospects may constitute forward-looking statements and are subject to the risk that the actual impacts may differ, possibly materially, from what is reflected in those forward-looking statements due to factors and future developments that are uncertain, unpredictable and in many cases beyond our control, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, actions taken by governmental authorities in response to the pandemic, and the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic on our customers, third parties and us. Accordingly, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We urge investors to consider all of these factors, among others, carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements included in this filing are made only as of the date of this filing. We assume no obligation and do not intend to revise or update any forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, except as required by law. 5 Table of Contents PART I. ITEM 1. BUSINESS General SVB Financial Group ("SVB Financial") is a diversified financial services company, as well as a bank holding company and a financial holding company. SVB Financial was incorporated in the state of Delaware in March 1999. Through our various subsidiaries and divisions, we offer a diverse set of banking and financial products and services to clients across the United States, as well as in key international innovation markets. For more than 35 years, we have been dedicated to helping support entrepreneurs and clients of all sizes and stages throughout their life cycles, primarily in the technology, life science/healthcare, private equity/venture capital and premium wine industries. We offer commercial and private banking products and services through our principal subsidiary, Silicon Valley Bank (the “Bank”), which is a California state-chartered bank founded in 1983 and a member of the Federal Reserve System. The Bank and its subsidiaries also offer asset management, private wealth management and other investment services. In addition, through SVB Financial's other subsidiaries and divisions, we offer investment banking services and non- banking products and services, such as funds management and M&A advisory services. We focus on cultivating strong relationships with firms within the private equity and venture capital community worldwide, many of which are also our clients and may invest in our corporate clients. As of December 31, 2020, on a consolidated basis, we had total assets of $115.5 billion, total investment securities of $49.3 billion, total loans, amortized cost, of $45.2 billion, total deposits of $102.0 billion and total SVB Financial stockholders' equity of $8.2 billion. Headquartered in Santa Clara, CA, we operate in key innovation markets in the United States and around the world. Our corporate office is located at 3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, California 95054, and our telephone number is (408) 654-7400. When we refer to “SVB Financial Group,” "SVBFG," the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or use similar words, we mean SVB Financial Group and all of its subsidiaries collectively, including the Bank. When we refer to “SVB Financial” or the “Parent” we are referring only to our parent company entity, SVB Financial Group (not including subsidiaries). Business Overview For reporting purposes, SVB Financial Group has four operating segments for which we report financial information in this report: Global Commercial Bank, SVB Private Bank, SVB Capital and SVB Leerink. Global Commercial Bank Our Global Commercial Bank segment is comprised of results primarily from our Commercial Bank, our Global Fund Banking (formerly Private Equity) Division, SVB Wine and our Debt Fund Investments, each as further described below. Commercial Bank. Our Commercial Bank products and services are provided by the Bank and its subsidiaries to commercial clients primarily in the technology and life science/healthcare industries. The Bank provides solutions to the financial needs of commercial clients through credit, treasury management, foreign exchange, trade finance and other financial products and services. We broadly serve clients within the U.S., as well as non-U.S. clients in key international innovation markets. The Bank offers commercial clients a full range of credit solutions including traditional term loans, equipment loans, asset-based loans, revolving lines of credit, warehouse facilities, recurring revenue facilities, mezzanine lending, acquisition finance facilities, corporate working capital facilities, and credit card programs. These loans may be secured by clients' assets or future cash flows or may be unsecured. The Bank's treasury management products and services include a wide range of deposits and receivable services, payments and cash management solutions accessible through our expanding online and mobile banking platforms. Deposit products include business and analysis checking accounts, money market accounts, multi-currency accounts, in-country bank accounts and sweep accounts. In connection with deposit services, the Bank provides receivables services, which include merchant services, remote capture, lockbox, and fraud control services. Payment and cash management products and services include wire transfer and automated clearing house payment services to enable clients to transfer funds more quickly, as well as business bill pay, business credit and debit cards, account analysis and disbursement services. The Bank's foreign exchange and trade finance products and services help to facilitate clients' global finance and business needs. These products and services include foreign exchange services that help commercial clients to manage their foreign currency needs and risks through the purchase and sale of currencies in the spot market as well as with currency 6 Table of Contents swaps and hedges. The Bank also offers letters of credit, including export, import and standby letters of credit, to enable clients to ship and receive goods globally. The Bank and its subsidiaries also offer a variety of investment services and solutions to its clients that enable them to more effectively manage their assets. For example, through its registered investment advisory subsidiary, SVB Asset Management, the Bank offers discretionary investment advisory services based on its clients' investment policies, strategies and objectives. The Bank also offers investment solutions through our repurchase agreement program. Global Fund Banking (formerly Private Equity) Division. Our Global Fund Banking Division provides banking products and services primarily to our global private equity and venture capital clients. SVB Wine. SVB Wine provides banking products and services to our premium wine industry clients, including vineyard development loans. Debt Fund Investments. Debt Fund Investments is comprised of our investments in debt funds in which we are a strategic investor: (i) funds managed by Gold Hill Capital, which provide secured debt to private companies of all stages, and (ii) funds managed by Partners for Growth LLC, which provide secured debt primarily to mid-stage and late-stage companies. SVB Private Bank SVB Private Bank is the private banking and wealth management division of the Bank and provides a broad array of personal financial solutions for its clients, which are primarily executive leaders and senior investment professionals in the innovation economy. SVB Private Bank, which includes SVB Wealth Advisory, a registered investment advisor and broker-dealer subsidiary of the Bank, offers a customized approach to private wealth management and private banking services, including mortgages, home equity lines of credit, restricted stock purchase loans, capital call lines of credit and other secured and unsecured lending products. We also help our private banking clients meet their cash management needs by providing deposit account products and services, including checking, money market, certificates of deposit accounts, online banking, credit cards and other personalized banking services. SVB Private Bank also includes SVB Wealth Advisory, an investment advisory subsidiary of the Bank, which provides private wealth management services to individual clients. On January 4, 2021, SVBFG, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation (“Boston Private”). The Merger Agreement provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, Boston Private will merge with and into SVBFG, with SVBFG continuing as the surviving entity in the transaction. Following the transaction, Boston Private’s wholly owned subsidiary, Boston Private Bank & Trust Company, will merge with and into the Bank (the “Bank Merger”), with Silicon Valley Bank continuing as the surviving entity in the Bank Merger. Boston Private provides a full spectrum of wealth, trust, and private banking services dedicated to helping clients simplify and strengthen their financial positions. The transaction has been unanimously approved by both companies' Boards of Directors and is expected to close in mid- 2021, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including receipt of customary regulatory approvals and approval by the shareholders of Boston Private. As the transaction was not signed, and did not close, as of December 31, 2020, results for Boston Private are not included in this report. SVB Capital SVB Capital is the venture capital investment arm of SVB Financial Group, which focuses primarily on funds management. SVB Capital manages over $6.8 billion of funds on behalf of third party limited partner investors and, on a more limited basis, SVB Financial Group. The SVB Capital family of funds is comprised of direct venture funds that invest in companies and funds of funds that invest in other venture capital funds, and more recently (as a result of an acquisition from WestRiver Group in December 2020), debt funds that provide lending and other financing solutions. SVB Capital generates income for the Company primarily through investment returns (including carried interest) and management fees. See Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional details. SVB Leerink SVB Leerink is an investment bank specializing in equity and convertible capital markets, M&A, equity research and sales and trading for growth- and innovation-minded healthcare and life science companies and operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of SVB Financial. SVB Leerink provides investment banking services across all subsectors of healthcare including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, diagnostic and life science tools, healthcare services and digital health. SVB Leerink focuses on two primary lines of business: (i) investment banking focused on providing companies with capital-raising 7 Table of Contents services, financial advice on mergers and acquisitions, sales and trading services and equity research, and (ii) sponsorship of private investment funds. For more information about our four operating segments, including financial information and results of operations, see “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Operating Segment Results” under Part II, Item 7 of this report, and Note 24—“Segment Reporting” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Revenue Sources Our total revenue is comprised of net interest income and noninterest income. Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis and noninterest income for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $2.17 billion and $1.84 billion, respectively. Net interest income accounts for the major portion of our earnings. It is comprised primarily of income generated from interest rate spread differences between the interest rates received on interest-earning assets, such as loans extended to clients and securities held in our fixed income securities portfolio, and the interest rates paid by us on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. Our deposits are largely obtained from commercial clients within our technology, life science/healthcare and private equity/venture capital industry sectors. We also obtain deposits from the premium wine industry commercial clients and from our SVB Private Bank clients. Other than our Private Bank clients, we do not obtain deposits from retail or consumer banking sources. Noninterest income is primarily income generated from our fee-based services and gains on our investments and derivative securities. We offer a wide range of fee-based financial services to our clients, including global commercial banking, private banking and other business services. We generally refer to revenues generated by such fee-based services as our "core fee income," (a non-GAAP measure) which is comprised of our client investment fees, foreign exchange fees, credit card fees, deposit service charges, lending related fees and letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees. In addition, through SVB Leerink, we offer investment banking and M&A advisory services. We generally refer to our core fee income plus revenues generated by these investment banking and M&A advisory services as “core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue.” We believe our ability to integrate and cross-sell our diverse financial services to our clients is a strength of our business model. Additionally, we hold available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, non-marketable and marketable investment securities. Subject to applicable regulatory requirements, we manage and invest in private equity/venture capital funds that invest directly in privately-held companies, as well as funds that invest in other private equity/venture capital funds. Gains on these investments are reported in our consolidated statements of income and include noncontrolling interests. We also recognize gains from warrants to acquire stock in client companies, which we obtain in connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services. See “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Noninterest Income-Gains on Investment Securities, Net” and "Gains on Equity Warrant Assets, Net" under Part II, Item 7 of this report. We derive substantially all of our revenue from U.S. clients. We derived less than 10 percent of our total revenues from foreign clients for each of 2020, 2019 and 2018. Client Industries We provide products and services to serve the needs of our clients in each of the industries described below. We serve our commercial company clients throughout their life cycles, beginning with the "emerging" or "early-stage" and progressing through later stages as their needs mature and expand, primarily in the technology and life science/healthcare industries. We also serve other targeted client industries --- private equity and venture capital firms, premium wine and private banking/wealth management. Technology and Life Science/Healthcare We serve a variety of clients in the technology and life science/healthcare industries. Our technology clients tend to be in the industries of frontier tech and hardware (such as semiconductors, communications, data, storage and electronics); enterprise and consumer software/internet (such as infrastructure software, applications, software services, digital content and advertising technology), fintech and energy and resource innovation ("ERI"). Our life science/healthcare clients primarily tend to be in the industries of biotechnology, medical devices, healthcare information technology and healthcare services. A key component of our technology and life science/healthcare business strategy is to develop relationships with clients at an early stage and offer them banking services that will continue to meet their needs as they mature and expand. We serve these clients primarily through three practices: • Our SVB Accelerator practice focuses on serving our “emerging” or “early-stage” clients. These clients are generally privately-held companies in the start-up or early stages of their life cycles and funded by friends and family, “seed” 8 Table of Contents or “angel” investors or have gone through an initial round of venture capital financing. They are typically engaged primarily in research and development activities and may have brought only a few products or services to market, if any. SVB Accelerator clients tend to have annual revenues below $5 million, and many are pre-revenue companies. • • Our SVB Growth practice serves our “mid-stage” and “later-stage” clients. These clients are generally privately-held companies in the intermediate or later stages of their life cycles, and are often dependent on venture capital for funding. However, some of these clients are in the more advanced stages of their life cycles and may be publicly-held or poised to become publicly-held. Our SVB Growth clients generally have a more established product or service offering in the market and may be in a period of expansion. SVB Growth clients tend to have annual revenues between $5 million and $75 million. Our SVB Corporate Finance practice primarily serves our large corporate clients, which are more mature and established companies. These clients are generally publicly-held or large privately-held companies and have a more sophisticated product or service offering in the market. SVB Corporate Finance clients tend to have annual revenues over $75 million. In addition, our Sponsored Finance group provides debt financing in support of private equity sponsored company acquisitions, primarily technology and life science/healthcare companies. Global Fund Banking (formerly Private Equity/Venture Capital) We serve clients in the private equity/venture capital community, many of whom are investors in the portfolio company clients to whom we provide banking services. In particular, we provide credit facilities to our private equity/venture capital clients, including capital call lines of credit, the repayment of which is dependent on the payment of capital calls or management fees by the underlying limited partner investors in the funds managed by the firms. Since our founding, we have cultivated strong relationships within the venture capital community, which has over time expanded to relationships within the private equity community. We believe our network helps to facilitate deal flow opportunities between these private equity/venture capital firms and the companies within the markets we serve. Premium Wine We are one of the leading providers of financial services to premium wine producers across the western United States, primarily in California’s Napa Valley, Sonoma County and Central Coast regions, as well as the Pacific Northwest. We focus on vineyards and wineries that produce grapes and premium wines. Private Bank/Wealth Management We provide private banking and wealth management services to consumer clients, including private equity/venture capital professionals and executive leaders of the innovation companies they support. We offer private banking, cash management and wealth management services to meet their personal banking and financial needs. Competition The banking and financial services industry is highly competitive and continues to evolve as a result of changes in regulation, technology, product delivery systems and the general market and economic climate. Our competitors include other banks, debt funds, specialty and diversified financial services intermediaries and other “Fintech” disruptors that offer lending, leasing, payments, investment, foreign currency exchange, advisory and other financial products and services to our target client base. For example, we compete with alternative lenders, such as “marketplace” lenders, peer-to-peer lenders and other non- traditional lenders that have emerged in recent years. We also compete with non-financial service providers, particularly payment facilitators and processors, as well as other nonbanking technology providers in the payments industry which may offer specialized services to our client base. In addition, we compete with hedge funds and private equity funds, as well as investment banks. The principal competitive factors in our markets include product offerings, service, pricing and transaction size and structure. Given our established market position within the client segments that we serve, our continued efforts to develop products and services, and our ability to integrate and cross-sell our diverse financial services to extend the length of our relationships with our clients, we believe we compete favorably in the markets in our core business areas. Human Capital SVB Financial Group’s success is dependent on our ability to retain, attract and motivate qualified employees. We rely on our personnel, which includes a substantial number of employees who have technical or other expertise and/or a strong network of relationships with individuals and institutions in the markets we serve. Competition for skilled and qualified 9 Table of Contents personnel in financial services, technology and innovation is significant in the markets in which we operate. As part of our effort to retain, attract and motivate employees, we strive to offer competitive compensation and benefits, promote diversity, equity and inclusion, support the safety and well-being of our employees, encourage our employees to give back to their communities and lead with our corporate values. Through these efforts, we strive to foster a workplace and environment that empower our employees to be successful. As of December 31, 2020, we employed 4,461 full-time equivalent employees. Approximately 81% of our employees are in the United states and approximately 19% are in international locations, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Israel, China, Hong Kong, Canada, India and Denmark. Specifically during 2020, much of our human capital management focus was in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As described further under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Management’s Overview of 2020 Financial Performance – Recent Developments – COVID-19”, we focused on the safety, well-being and stability of our people. We maintained our workforce without the need for any furloughs or layoffs. Our primary focus was to provide support for our employees, including expanded medical and other support to those directly impacted by COVID-19, mental health and wellness support, and other work-from-home support such as utility stipends and technology and equipment. Compensation and Benefits. In order to retain and attract talent, we provide employees with competitive compensation and benefits packages. Our compensation and benefits program provides both short-term and long-term awards, incentivizing performance and aligning employee and shareholder interests. Employee compensation packages include a competitive base salary and, subject to Company and individual performance, may include an annual incentive cash bonus. Employees at certain levels are eligible to receive equity awards tied to the value of the Company’s stock. Other employee benefits include health insurance (medical, dental and vision), parental bonding leave, a 401(k) plan with matching employee contributions, an employee stock purchase plan, an employee home ownership plan that offers mortgages on primary homes, paid time off, life insurance, disability insurance and learning opportunities. Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (“DEI”). We believe that advancing diversity, equity and inclusion produces better results for our clients and is crucial to attracting and retaining skilled personnel. We embrace pathways to increase diversity and achieve gender parity in our senior leadership. Our approach to promoting a diverse and inclusive workplace includes employee awareness programs and resource groups, internal DEI-focused “town hall” meetings, training and educational opportunities, fair pay analysis, leadership development, hiring outreach programs and strategic partnerships to advance diversity objectives. We published our first DEI report in 2020, a copy of which is available on our Company website. Safety and Well-Being. The safety and well-being of our employees is of paramount importance. We have developed and maintain company procedures and practices to ensure the safety of our employees in the different markets we operate. We are also committed to maintaining a work environment that is free of harassment or discriminatory practices. We have processes and escalation channels for employees to report harassment, discrimination or other concerns. In addition, we regularly seek feedback from employees through engagement surveys to help evaluate whether employees are satisfied and engaged in their job positions, as well as understand and are aligned with our business objectives and values. Community. We are committed to giving back to the communities in which our employees live and work and believe these efforts help us retain and attract talent. We match certain employee charitable donations to eligible non-profits. We also encourage employee volunteering. Our non-profit charitable SVB Foundation also contributes to community organizations and other causes. We have published our Corporate Responsibility Report for 2020 on our website, which provides additional information about our community initiatives. Company Values. Our Company values guide our actions and empower our employees to be successful. Our core values are: start with empathy for others; speak and act with integrity; embrace diverse perspectives; take responsibility; and keep learning and improving. We believe that our values are key to attracting, retaining, and inspiring our employees and contribute to the success of both our business and the innovation economy more generally. Supervision and Regulation Our bank and bank holding company operations are subject to extensive regulation by federal and state regulatory agencies. This regulation is intended primarily for the stability of the U.S. banking system as well as the protection of depositors and the Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”). This regulation is not intended for the benefit of our security holders. As a bank holding company that has elected financial holding company (“FHC”) status, SVB Financial is subject to primary regulation, supervision, and examination by the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHC Act”). The Bank, as a California state-chartered bank and a member of the Federal Reserve System, is subject to primary supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve as well as the DFPI. In addition, the Bank must comply with 10 Table of Contents certain requirements of the FDIC as, to the extent provided by law, the Bank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC. Our consumer banking activities also are subject to regulation and supervision by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”). SVB Financial and certain of its non-bank subsidiaries are also subject to regulation by the SEC and FINRA as well as certain other federal and state regulatory agencies. In addition, we are subject to regulation by certain foreign regulatory agencies in international jurisdictions where we conduct, or may in the future wish to conduct, business, including the United Kingdom, Israel, Hong Kong, China, Germany and Canada. (See “International Regulation” below.) The following discussion of statutes and regulations is a summary and does not purport to be complete. This discussion is qualified in its entirety by reference to the statutes and regulations referred to in this discussion. Regulators, the U.S. Congress, state legislatures and international consultative and standard-setting bodies continue to enact rules, laws and policies to regulate the financial services industry and public companies in an effort to protect consumers and investors, and may have differing interpretations in the implementation of such rules. The change of control in the U.S. Congress and in the U.S. presidential administration, as well as related changes in key personnel at regulatory agencies, could result in changes in regulations applicable to us and how they are interpreted. As a result, the precise nature of these laws and regulations and the effect of such policies on the Company’s business cannot be predicted and, in some cases, may have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and/or results of operations. For more information, see “Risk Factors-Legal and Regulatory Risks” under Part I, Item IA of this report. Regulation and Supervision of SVB Financial and Silicon Valley Bank As a financial holding company, SVB Financial generally may engage in certain otherwise prohibited non-banking activities and activities that the Federal Reserve has determined to be “financial in nature” or incidental or complementary to activities that are financial in nature, including certain securities, merchant banking and insurance activities. In order to retain FHC status, a financial holding company and all of its depository institution subsidiaries must be well-capitalized and well-managed, as determined under relevant banking regulations. Otherwise, SVB Financial could face material restrictions on its activities and its ability to enter into certain transactions. In addition, if the Bank has not received at least a satisfactory rating on its most recent examination under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (“CRA”), we would not be able to commence any new financial activities or acquire a company that engages in such activities. In that case, we would still be allowed to engage in activities closely related to banking and make investments in the ordinary course of conducting banking activities. The Bank continues to be in satisfactory compliance with the CRA. Pursuant to applicable California and federal law, state-chartered commercial banks are permitted to engage in any activity permissible for national banks, which includes the many so-called “closely related to banking” or “non-banking” activities commonly conducted by national banks. In addition, the Bank may conduct, through a subsidiary, certain “financial” activities that would be impermissible for the Bank itself to the same extent as a national bank may, provided the Bank remains “well-capitalized,” “well-managed” and in satisfactory compliance with the CRA. Bank holding companies and insured banks are subject to potential enforcement actions of varying levels of severity by federal and state regulators and law enforcement authorities for unsafe or unsound practices in conducting their business or for violations of law, regulation or condition imposed in writing by any applicable agency or term of a written agreement with that agency. Enhanced Prudential Standards In October 2019, the federal banking agencies issued rules that tailor the application of enhanced prudential standards to large bank holding companies and the capital and liquidity rules to large bank holding companies and depository institutions (the “Tailoring Rules”) to implement amendments to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) under the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (the “EGRRCPA”). Under the EGRRCPA, the threshold above which the Federal Reserve is required to apply enhanced prudential standards to bank holding companies increased from $50 billion in average total consolidated assets to $250 billion. The Federal Reserve may also impose enhanced prudential standards on bank holding companies with between $100 billion and $250 billion in average total consolidated assets. Under the Tailoring Rules, banking organizations are grouped into four categories based on their U.S. G-SIB status, size and four other risk-based indicators. The most stringent standards apply to U.S. G-SIBs, which represent Category I, and the least stringent standards apply to Category IV organizations, which have between $100 billion and $250 billion in average total consolidated assets and less than $75 billion in all four other risk-based indicators. SVB Financial, as a banking organization with less than $100 billion in average total consolidated assets, currently is not subject to most of the enhanced prudential standards, but will be subject to heightened requirements when we surpass $100 billion in average total consolidated assets over four consecutive financial quarters, which we expect to occur in 2021. Category IV firms are, among other things, subject to (1) certain liquidity risk management and risk committee requirements, including liquidity buffer and liquidity stress testing 11 Table of Contents requirements; (2) requirements to develop and maintain a capital plan on an annual basis; and (3) supervisory capital stress testing on a biennial basis. Several of the standards are summarized below: • • • • • Risk Management. Bank holding companies with $50 billion or more in average total consolidated assets, including SVB Financial, are subject to risk committee and risk management requirements. In addition, bank holding companies with $100 billion or more in average total consolidated assets are subject to liquidity risk management, liquidity buffer and liquidity stress testing requirements. Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (“CCAR”). Bank holding companies with $100 billion or more in average total consolidated assets are required to submit an annual capital plan to the Federal Reserve. In January 2021, the Federal Reserve finalized changes to the capital plan rule, which will, among other things, provide firms subject to Category IV standards additional flexibility to develop their capital plans. For firms subject to CCAR, failure to submit a satisfactory plan can result in restrictions on capital distributions, including dividends and common stock repurchases. The CCAR process is intended to help ensure that BHCs have robust, forward-looking capital planning processes that account for each company’s unique risks and that permit continued operations during times of economic and financial stress. Stress Testing. Bank holding companies with $100 billion or more in average total consolidated assets are subject to supervisory stress tests conducted by the Federal Reserve every other year and, except for Category IV firms, are also subject to company-run stress testing requirements (commonly referred to as Dodd-Frank Stress Tests or “DFAST”) to determine whether the firms have sufficient capital on a consolidated basis necessary to absorb losses in baseline and severely adverse economic conditions. Because we expect to be a Category IV firm, we do not expect to be subject to DFAST. Under the Tailoring Rules, bank holding companies with less than $100 billion in average total consolidated assets are not subject to company-run or supervisory stress testing requirements. Resolution Planning. Except for Category IV firms, bank holding companies with $100 billion or more in average total consolidated assets are required to submit to the Federal Reserve and the FDIC a plan for rapid and orderly resolution in the event of material financial distress or failure. Bank holding companies with less than $100 billion in average total consolidated assets are not required to submit resolution plans. Because we expect to be a Category IV firm, we do not expect to be required to submit a resolution plan. Separately, the FDIC requires insured depository institutions (“IDIs”) with average total consolidated assets of $50 billion or more, such as the Bank, to submit a resolution plan with respect to the bank. In April 2019, the FDIC released an advance notice of proposed rulemaking about potential changes to its IDI resolution planning requirements, and the next round of IDI resolution plan submissions will not be required until the rulemaking process was complete. In January 2021, the FDIC lifted the moratorium on resolution plans required for IDIs with $100 billion or more in assets. The FDIC plans to provide further details surrounding its modified approach, including efforts to streamline content requirements for IDI plan submissions, as well as outline the timing for submissions, in early 2021. Liquidity Coverage Ratio. Banking organizations in Categories I-III and certain Category IV institutions with greater than $50 billion in weighted short- term wholesale funding (“WSTWF”) are subject to the liquidity coverage ratio (“LCR”) requirements and must maintain high-quality liquid assets in accordance with specific quantitative requirements. Given that we have less than $50 billion in WSTWF, we do not expect to be subject to an LCR requirement. Regulatory Capital U.S. banking organizations are subject to a comprehensive capital framework (the “Capital Rules”), issued by the federal banking agencies, which implement the Basel III regulatory capital reforms and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act. “Basel III” refers to the internationally agreed regulatory capital framework adopted by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the “Basel Committee”). The Capital Rules establish minimum risk-weighted capital ratios for Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital, Tier 1 capital and total capital as well as a minimum leverage ratio. CET1 is defined as common stock, plus related surplus, and retained earnings plus minority interest in the form of common stock, subject to a limit, less the majority of the regulatory deductions and adjustments. For most banking organizations, the most common form of Tier 1 capital (other than CET1) is noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and the most common form of Tier 2 capital is subordinated debt and a portion of the allowance for loan and lease losses, in each case, subject to certain requirements. Total capital consists of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. Under the Capital Rules, the minimum capital ratios applicable to SVB Financial and the Bank are as follows: 4.5% CET1 capital, 6.0% Tier 1 capital, 8.0% Total capital and 4.0% Tier 1 leverage. In addition, banking organizations must meet a 2.5% CET1 risk-based capital conservation buffer requirement in order to avoid constraints on capital distributions, such as dividends and equity repurchases, and certain bonus compensation for executive officers. The severity of the constraints would depend on the amount of the shortfall and the banking organization’s “eligible retained income” (that is, four-quarter trailing net income, net of distributions and tax effects not reflected in net income). In March 2020, for BHCs with $100 billion 12 Table of Contents or more in assets, the Federal Reserve approved a final rule replacing the static 2.5% component of the capital conservation buffer with a firm-specific stress capital buffer (“SCB”) requirement, reflecting stressed losses in the supervisory severely adverse scenario of the Federal Reserve’s CCAR stress tests and including four quarters of planned common stock dividends, subject to a minimum 2.5% floor. During a year in which a Category IV firm does not undergo a supervisory stress test, the firm will receive an updated SCB that reflects the firm’s updated planned common stock dividends. A Category IV firm may also elect to participate in the supervisory stress test in a year in which the firm would not normally be subject to the supervisory stress test to receive an updated SCB. The regulatory capital ratios of SVB Financial and the Bank currently exceed these levels, as shown in the following chart: December 31, 2020 CET 1 risk-based capital Tier 1 risk-based capital Total risk-based capital Tier 1 leverage SVB Financial 11.04% 11.89% 12.64% 7.45% Bank 10.70% 10.70% 11.49% 6.43% Required Ratio (1) 7.0% 8.5 10.5 4.0 (1) Percentages represent the minimum capital ratios plus, as applicable, the 2.5% CET1 capital conservation buffer under the Capital Rules. The regulatory capital ratios of SVB Financial and the Bank also exceed the “well-capitalized” requirements under relevant regulations. Refer to Note 23 —“Regulatory Matters” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for more information. In July 2019, the federal banking agencies issued final rules intended to simplify compliance with capital rules for non-advanced approaches banking organizations (the “Capital Simplification Rules”), such as SVB Financial and the Bank. The Capital Simplification Rules took effect for SVB Financial as of January 1, 2020 and simplify the capital treatment of mortgage servicing assets, certain deferred tax assets, investments in unconsolidated financial institutions and minority interests for banking organizations. In December 2017, the Basel Committee published standards that it described as the finalization of the Basel III post-crisis regulatory reforms. Among other things, these standards revise the Basel Committee’s standardized approach for credit risk (including recalibrating risk weights and introducing new capital requirements for certain “unconditionally cancellable commitments,” and establish a new standardized approach for operational risk capital. Under the current Capital Rules, operational risk capital requirements do not apply to non-advanced approaches banking organizations, such as SVB Financial and the Bank. The federal banking agencies have not yet implemented these revised standards, and their impact on SVB Financial and the Bank will depend on the manner in which they are implemented. In light of the economic disruptions and operational challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2020 the federal banking agencies adopted a rule that provides relief to banking organizations with respect to the impact of CECL on regulatory capital (the “2020 CECL Transition Rule”). Under the 2020 CECL Transition Rule, banking organizations that adopt CECL during the 2020 calendar year, such as SVB Financial and the Bank, may delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital until January 2022, followed by a three-year period to phase out the aggregate capital benefit provided during the initial two-year delay. The rule prescribes a methodology for estimating the impact of differences in credit loss allowances reflected under CECL versus under the incurred loss methodology during the five-year transition period. We have elected to use the five-year transition option under the 2020 CECL Transition Rule. Capital Planning Banking organizations must have appropriate capital planning processes, with proper oversight from the Board of Directors. The Federal Reserve expects bank holding companies, such as SVB Financial, to conduct and document comprehensive capital adequacy analyses prior to the declaration of any dividends (on common stock, preferred stock, or other Tier 1 capital instruments), capital redemptions or capital repurchases. Moreover, the federal banking agencies view the adequacy and effectiveness of a bank’s interest rate risk management process and the level of its interest rate exposures as critical factors in the evaluation of the bank’s capital adequacy. A bank with material weaknesses in its interest rate risk management process or high levels of interest rate exposure relative to its capital will be directed by the relevant federal banking agencies to take corrective actions. The Capital Simplification Rules eliminate the standalone prior approval requirement for any repurchase of common stock. In certain circumstances, repurchases of common stock may be subject to a prior approval or notice requirement under other regulations or policies of the Federal Reserve. Any redemption or repurchase of preferred stock or subordinated debt remains subject to the prior approval of the Federal Reserve. Once we exceed $100 billion in average total consolidated assets and are subject to the SCB and CCAR framework, we will be required to submit an annual capital plan to the Federal Reserve. 13 Table of Contents If we are required to resubmit a capital plan, we must receive prior approval from the Federal Reserve for any dividend, stock repurchase or other capital distribution, other than a capital distribution on a newly issued capital instrument. On June 25, 2020, the Federal Reserve announced that all BHCs participating in CCAR were required to update and resubmit their capital plans in light of the economic uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, and such BHCs were also generally required to suspend share repurchases and limit dividend payments. On September 30, 2020, the Federal Reserve extended these measures for the fourth quarter of 2020. The Federal Reserve announced on December 18, 2020 that it would extend the distribution limitations to the first quarter of 2021, subject to adjustment, requiring that dividend payments and share repurchases be limited to an amount not in excess of average net income over the four preceding quarters, provided that dividend payments remain limited to the amount paid in the second quarter of 2020. Proprietary Trading and Relationships with Certain Funds The Volcker Rule, set out in section 13 of the BHC Act, restricts, among other things, bank holding companies and their affiliates from engaging in proprietary trading and from sponsoring, investing in, or having certain other relationships with certain privately offered funds, including certain hedge funds and private equity funds (“covered funds”). On June 6, 2017, we received notice that the Federal Reserve approved our application for an extension of the permitted conformance period for our investments in certain “illiquid” covered funds ("Restricted Volcker Investments"). The approval extends the deadline by which the Company must sell, divest, restructure or otherwise conform such Restricted Volcker Investments to the provisions of the Volcker Rule until the earlier of July 21, 2022 or the date by which each fund matures by its terms or is otherwise conformed to the Volcker Rule. As of December 31, 2020, we estimate that the aggregate carrying value and fair value of venture capital and private equity fund investments deemed to be Restricted Volcker Investments was approximately $230 million. These investments are comprised of interests attributable solely to the Company in our consolidated managed funds and certain of our non- marketable securities. We expect these Restricted Volcker Investments will comply with the Volcker Rule, subject to the amended rules and amendments discussed below, before July 21, 2022 (or, if they do not comply, be disposed of prior to July 21, 2022). In October 2019, the Volcker Rule implementing agencies, including the Federal Reserve (the “Agencies”), finalized rules amending the regulations implementing the Volcker Rule (the "2019 Volcker Amendments"). These amendments tailor compliance requirements based on the size of a firm’s trading assets and liabilities and eliminate or adjust certain requirements to clarify permitted and prohibited activities. The 2019 Volcker Amendments went into effect on January 1, 2020, and became mandatory on January 1, 2021. Additionally, on June 25, 2020, the Agencies approved further amendments (the “2020 Volcker Amendments”) effective October 1, 2020, which provide for, among other things, the adoption of new exclusions from the definition of “covered fund” for venture capital funds and credit funds that meet certain criteria. We believe that a substantial portion of our Restricted Volcker Investments will qualify for these new exclusions, or will have commenced or completed a liquidation or dissolution process, and thus, would not be required to be disposed of or otherwise conformed under the Volcker Rule requirements. We continue to assess the extent of the impact of the 2019 Volcker Amendments and the 2020 Volcker Amendments, on our fund investments and other areas of our business. Prompt Corrective Action State and federal banking agencies possess broad powers to take corrective and other supervisory action against an insured bank and its holding company. For example, an IDI is placed into one of five categories based on the level of its capital ratios: well-capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized. At each successive lower capital category, an IDI is subject to more restrictions and prohibitions, including restrictions on growth, restrictions on interest rates paid on deposits, restrictions or prohibitions on payment of dividends and restrictions on the acceptance of brokered deposits. Based upon its capital levels, a bank that is classified as well-capitalized, adequately capitalized or undercapitalized may be treated as though it were in the next lower capital category if the appropriate federal banking agency, after notice and opportunity for hearing, determines that an unsafe or unsound condition or practice warrants such treatment. Restrictions on Dividends Dividends from the Bank constitute one of the primary sources of cash for SVB Financial. The Bank is subject to various federal and state statutory and regulatory restrictions on its ability to pay dividends, including applicable provisions of the California Financial Code and the federal prompt corrective action regulations. For example, the Bank may not, without approval of the Federal Reserve, declare or pay a dividend to SVB Financial if the total of all dividends declared in a calendar year exceeds the total of (a) the Bank’s net income for that year and (b) its retained net income for the preceding two calendar years, less any required transfers to additional paid-in capital or to a fund for the retirement of preferred stock. In addition, the banking agencies have the authority to prohibit the Bank from paying dividends, depending upon the Bank’s financial condition, if such payment is deemed to constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. 14 Table of Contents It is the Federal Reserve’s policy that bank holding companies should generally pay dividends on common stock only out of income available over the past year and only if prospective earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s expected future needs and financial condition. It is also the Federal Reserve’s policy that bank holding companies should not maintain dividend levels that undermine their ability to be a source of strength to their banking subsidiaries. Under the prompt corrective action regulations, the Federal Reserve may prohibit a bank holding company from paying any dividends if the holding company’s bank subsidiary is classified as “undercapitalized.” Transactions with Affiliates Transactions between the Bank and its operating subsidiaries (such as SVB Asset Management or SVB Wealth Advisory), on the one hand, and the Bank’s affiliates (such as SVB Financial, SVB Leerink or an entity affiliated with our SVB Capital business), on the other, are subject to statutory and regulatory restrictions designed to limit the risks to the Bank and its subsidiaries, including Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and the Federal Reserve’s Regulation W. These restrictions include quantitative and qualitative limits on the amounts and types of transactions with affiliates, including extensions of credit to affiliates, investments in the stock or securities of affiliates, purchases of assets from affiliates and certain other transactions with affiliates. In addition, credit transactions with affiliates must be collateralized, and transactions with affiliates must be on market terms or better for the Bank. Premiums for Deposit Insurance The FDIC insures our customer deposits through the DIF up to prescribed limits for each depositor. The FDIC has established a reserve ratio of 2% as a long- term goal, which goes beyond the statutorily mandated minimum of 1.35%, and may increase assessment rates in the future accordingly. Consumer Regulations The Bank is subject to many federal consumer protection statutes and regulations, such as the CRA, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (Regulation B), the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (Regulation E), the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z), the National Flood Insurance Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act (as amended by the Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act) and various federal and state privacy protection laws. The Bank and SVB Financial are also subject to federal and state laws prohibiting unfair, deceptive, abusive, corrupt or fraudulent business practices, untrue or misleading advertising and unfair competition. As a depository institution with more than $10 billion in total assets, the Bank is subject to examination by the CFPB. The CFPB’s mandate is to promulgate consumer regulations and ensure that consumer financial practices at large banks, such as the Bank, comply with federal consumer financial protection requirements. The CFPB has broad enforcement authority, including investigations, civil actions, cease and desist proceedings and the ability to refer criminal findings to the Department of Justice. Penalties for violating these laws could include civil monetary penalties, remediation for affected consumers and reimbursements and orders to halt expansion or existing activities. State and federal banking agencies and other such enforcement authorities have increased efforts to aggressively enforce consumer protection laws, implement regulations and take action against non-compliant parties. Privacy and Cybersecurity Data privacy and data protection are areas of increasing legislative focus. For example, the California Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (the “CCPA”), which became effective on January 1, 2020, applies to for-profit businesses that conduct business in California and meet certain revenue or data collection thresholds. The CCPA gives consumers the right to request disclosure of information collected about them, and whether that information has been sold or shared with others, the right to request deletion of personal information (subject to certain exceptions), the right to opt out of the sale of the consumer’s personal information, and the right not to be discriminated against for exercising these rights. The CCPA contains several exemptions, including an exemption applicable to information that is collected, processed, sold or disclosed pursuant to federal law. Such requirements will be further expanded under the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”) once it goes into effect on January 1, 2023. Similar laws have been and may be adopted by other states where we do business, and the federal government may also pass data privacy or data protection legislation. In addition, in the European Union, privacy law is governed by the General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”). The GDPR established enhanced compliance obligations and increased penalties for non-compliance compared to the prior law governing data privacy in the European Union. In 2016, the federal banking agencies issued an advance notice of proposed rulemaking on enhanced cyber risk management standards that are intended to increase the operational resilience of large and interconnected entities under their supervision and help reduce the potential impact of a cyber incident on the financial system. The proposed standards focus on five areas: (1) cyber risk governance; (2) cyber risk management; (3) internal dependency management; (4) external dependency management; and (5) incident response, cyber resilience and situational awareness. As of December 2020, the federal banking agencies have not issued further guidance on this issue. In December 2020, the federal banking agencies released a notice of proposed rulemaking regarding notification requirements for banking organizations and bank service providers related to significant cybersecurity incidents. Under the 15 Table of Contents proposal, among other requirements, a banking organization would be required to notify its primary banking regulator within 36 hours of a “computer-security incident” that it believes could impact its ability to carry out banking operations or deliver services to a material portion of its customer base, result in a material loss of revenue, profit, or franchise value, or impact the stability of the U.S. financial sector. Anti-Money Laundering, Sanctions and Anti-Corruption Regulations U.S. anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”) and the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (“PATRIOT Act”) and their corresponding regulations, require IDIs, broker-dealers, and certain other financial institutions to have policies, procedures and controls to detect, prevent and report money laundering and terrorist financing. The PATRIOT Act and its regulations also provide for information sharing, subject to certain conditions, between federal law enforcement agencies and financial institutions, as well as among financial institutions, for counter-terrorism purposes. Additionally, federal banking regulators are required, when reviewing bank holding company acquisition and bank merger applications, to consider the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering activities of the applicants. In January 2021, the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 (“AMLA”), which amends the BSA, was enacted. The AMLA is intended to comprehensively reform and modernize U.S. anti-money laundering laws. Among other things, the AMLA codifies a risk-based approach to anti-money laundering compliance for financial institutions; requires the development of standards by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for evaluating technology and internal processes for BSA compliance; and expands enforcement- and investigation-related authority, including a significant expansion in the available sanctions for certain BSA violations. Many of the statutory provisions in the AMLA will require additional rulemakings, reports and other measures, and the impact of the AMLA will depend on, among other things, rulemaking and implementation guidance. In addition, we must comply with economic sanctions administered by the U.S. Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control and targeted against designated foreign countries, nationals and others. We are also subject to anti-corruption laws and regulations in the United States and internationally, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act, which impose strict prohibitions on payments and hiring practices with regard to government officials and employees. Material deficiencies in compliance with anti-money laundering and anti-corruption rules and sanctions regimes can result in public enforcement actions by the bank regulatory agencies and other government agencies, including civil money penalties and supervisory restrictions on growth and expansion. Regulation of Certain Subsidiaries and Regulatory Affiliates SVB Leerink LLC, a subsidiary of SVB Leerink, and SVB Wealth Advisory, Inc., a subsidiary of the Bank, are each registered as broker-dealers with the SEC and are members of FINRA, and are subject to regulation by both agencies. They are also members of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. SVB Asset Management, SVB Wealth Advisory and funds management entities associated with SVB Leerink Capital LLC, a subsidiary of SVB Leerink, are registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and are subject to its corresponding regulations. SVB Leerink LLC and SVB Wealth Advisory must comply with the financial responsibility rules governing broker-dealers, including Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which is designed to measure the general financial condition and liquidity of a broker-dealer and seek to ensure its financial stability in light of its activities. It is required to maintain minimum net capital levels, which could limit the ability for capital to be withdrawn or require a capital infusion to support growth in the business or new or ongoing activities. In June 2019, the SEC adopted a rule that requires broker-dealers to act in the best interest of their customers and issued an interpretation clarifying the its views of the existing fiduciary duty owed by investment advisers to their clients. Additionally, the SEC adopted a rule that requires broker-dealers and investment advisers to provide a standardized, short-form disclosure highlighting services offered, applicable standards of conduct, fees and costs, the differences between brokerage and advisory services, and any conflicts of interest. Several states have also proposed uniform fiduciary duty standards for broker-dealers and advisers. Further, the Company has oversight responsibilities with respect to the regulatory compliance of certain unconsolidated subsidiaries and affiliates, such as Vouch Inc. and Bolster Networks, Inc., that the Company may be deemed to control for purposes of the BHC Act. Securities Registration and Listing SVB Financial’s common stock, 5.250% Fixed-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A (“Series A Preferred Stock”), and depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of Series A Preferred Stock (“Series A Depositary Shares”), as well as Series B Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”), and depositary shares, each representing a 1/100th interest in a share of Series B Preferred Stock (“Series B Depositary Shares”), are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. SVB Financial’s common stock and Series A Depositary Shares are 16 Table of Contents also listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. As such, SVB Financial is subject to the SEC’s information, proxy solicitation, insider trading, corporate governance, and other public company requirements and restrictions as well as Nasdaq’s Marketplace Rules and other requirements. As a public company, SVB Financial is also subject to the accounting oversight and corporate governance requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), including, among other things, required executive certification of financial presentations, increased requirements for board audit committees and their members, and enhanced requirements relating to disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. International Regulation Our international-based subsidiaries and offices and global activities, including our banking branches in the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Cayman Islands as well as our joint venture bank in China, are subject to the respective laws and regulations of those countries and the regions in which they operate. This includes laws and regulations promulgated by, but not limited to, the Financial Conduct Authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority in the United Kingdom, the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions in Canada, the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin), the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority. Pursuant to UK regulatory requirements, Silicon Valley Bank will need to restructure its UK branch into a full-service bank subsidiary when the branch reaches £100 million of insured small business deposits, which we currently expect will be sometime in 2022. To the extent we are able to commence operations in any other international market, we will also become subject to the regulatory regimes of those jurisdictions. In jurisdictions where we do not currently have certain licenses or other regulatory authorizations, our activities may be limited. Moreover, promulgation by standard-setting bodies that are charged with the development of international regulatory frameworks, such as the Basel Committee, can affect the Bank and SVB Financial globally as national regulators implement the frameworks in local jurisdictions. Available Information We make available free of charge through our Internet website, http://www.svb.com, our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The contents of our website are not incorporated herein by reference and the website address provided is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS Our business faces material risks, including credit, market and liquidity, operational, legal and regulatory and strategic and reputational risks. The factors described below are not intended to serve as a comprehensive listing of the risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we have not identified as material, or of which we currently are not aware, may also impair our business operations. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following factors occurs, our business, financial condition and/or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Summary of Risk Factors Credit Risks • Because of the credit profile of our loan portfolio, our levels of nonperforming assets and charge-offs can be volatile, and we may need to make material provisions for credit losses in any period. Our allowance for credit losses is determined based upon both objective and subjective factors, and may not be adequate to absorb any actual credit losses. The borrowing needs of our clients have been and may continue to be unpredictable, especially during a challenging economic environment. We may not be able to meet our unfunded credit commitments, or adequately reserve for losses, which could have a material adverse effect. • • Market and Liquidity Risks • • Our interest rate spread has and may continue to decline in the future. Any material reduction in our interest rate spread could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund operations and jeopardize our financial condition. 17 Table of Contents • • Our equity warrant assets, venture capital and private equity fund investments and direct equity investment portfolio gains depend upon the performance of our portfolio investments and the general condition of the public and private equity and M&A markets which are uncertain and may vary materially by period. Changes in the market for public equity offerings, M&A or a slowdown in private equity or venture capital investment levels may affect the needs of our clients for investment banking or M&A advisory services and lending products, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. Operational Risks • • Our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The occurrence of fraudulent activity, breaches of our information security or cybersecurity-related incidents could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. • We face risks associated with the ability of our information technology systems and our people and processes to support our operations and future • growth effectively. Business disruptions due to natural disasters and other external events beyond our control have in the past adversely affected our business, financial condition or results of operations and may do so in the future. • We face risks from a prolonged work-from-home arrangement, as well as from our eventual implementation of a broader plan to return to the office or increase virtual working arrangements. The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us. • We face risks from our interactions with business partners, service providers and other third parties. • • We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information about customers and counterparties. • We face risks associated with our current international operations and ongoing international expansion. • Our holding company, SVB Financial, relies on equity warrant assets income, investment distributions and dividends from its subsidiaries for most of its cash revenues. Climate change has the potential to disrupt our business and adversely impact the operations and creditworthiness of our clients. • Legal and Regulatory Risks • We are subject to extensive regulation that could limit or restrict our activities, impose financial requirements or limitations on the conduct of our business, or result in higher costs to us, and the stringency of the regulatory framework applicable to us may increase if, and as, our balance sheet continues to grow. • We expect to exceed $100 billion of average total consolidated assets (over four quarters) during 2021. We will therefore be subject to more stringent regulations, including certain enhanced prudential standards applicable to large bank holding companies. • We face a risk of noncompliance and enforcement action with the Bank Secrecy Act, other anti-money laundering and anti-bribery statutes and • • • • • regulations, and U.S. economic and trade sanctions. If we were to violate, or fail to comply with, international, federal or state laws or regulations governing financial institutions, we could be subject to disciplinary action or litigation that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation. Laws and regulations regarding the handling of personal data and information may impede our services or result in increased costs, legal claims or fines against us. Adverse results from litigation or governmental or regulatory investigations can impact our business practices and operating results. A failure to identify and address potential conflicts of interest could adversely affect our businesses. Anti-takeover provisions and federal laws may prevent a merger or acquisition that may be attractive to stockholders and/or have an adverse effect on our stock price. Strategic, Reputational and other Risks • Concentration of risk increases the potential for significant losses, while the establishment of limits to mitigate concentration risk increases the potential for lower revenues and slower growth. 18 Table of Contents Decreases in the amount of equity capital available to our portfolio companies could adversely affect us. • • We face competitive pressures that could adversely affect our business, financial results, or growth. • Our ability to maintain or increase our market share depends on our ability to attract and maintain, as well as meet the needs of, existing and future clients. • We face risks in connection with our strategic undertakings and new business initiatives. • • Any damage to our reputation and relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business. An ineffective risk management framework could have a material adverse effect on our strategic planning and our ability to mitigate risks and/or losses and could have adverse regulatory consequences. • We do not currently pay dividends on shares of our common stock and may not do so in the future. Risks Related to Our Pending Acquisition of Boston Private • We cannot ensure that the proposed Boston Private acquisition will be completed. • We may fail to realize growth prospects and benefits anticipated as a result of the Boston Private acquisition. Credit Risks Because of the credit profile of our loan portfolio, our levels of nonperforming assets and charge-offs can be volatile. We may need to make material provisions for credit losses in any period, which could reduce net income, increase net losses or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition in that period. Our loan portfolio has a credit profile different from that of most other banking companies. The credit profiles of our clients vary across our loan portfolio, based on the nature of our lending to different market segments. Investor dependent loans. Many of our loans, particularly in our portfolios for early-stage and mid-stage privately held companies, are made to companies with modest or negative cash flows and/or no established record of profitable operations, primarily within the technology and life science and healthcare industries. Consequently, repayment of these loans is often dependent upon receipt by our borrowers of additional financing from venture capitalists or others, or in some cases, a successful sale to a third party, public offering or other form of liquidity or “exit” event. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have caused certain client valuations to drop, reduced the rate of financing or other “exit” events, which has had and may continue to have an adverse effect on certain of our clients and their ability to repay their loans to us. Although these challenges have been somewhat offset by relief programs and decreased cash utilization, many of these companies may experience difficulties sustaining their businesses over time. There can be no assurance that these companies will be able to continue to obtain funding at current valuation levels, if at all and valuations may drop in a meaningful manner, which may impact the financial health of our client companies. For example, continued volatility in financial markets may make initial public offerings less attractive to investors seeking an “exit” event. In such case, investors may provide financing in a more selective manner, at lower levels and/or on less favorable terms, if at all, any of which may have an adverse effect on our borrowers’ ability to repay their loans to us. Larger loans; syndicated loans. In addition, a significant portion of our loan portfolio is comprised of larger loans, which could increase the impact on us of any single borrower default. As of December 31, 2020, loans equal to or greater than $20 million to any single client (individually or in the aggregate) totaled $26.7 billion, or 59.0 percent of our portfolio. These larger loans have represented an increasing portion of our total loan portfolio over time. They include capital call lines of credit to our private equity and venture capital clients, as well as other loans made to our later-stage and larger corporate clients, and may be made to companies with greater levels of debt relative to their equity, balance sheet liquidity or cash flow. Additionally, we have continued our efforts to grow our loan portfolio by agenting or arranging larger syndicated credit facilities and participating in larger syndicates agented by other financial institutions as well as making sponsor-led buyout loans, which are leveraged buyout or recapitalization financings typically sponsored by our private equity clients. In those arrangements where we do not act as the lead syndicate agent, our control or decision-making ability over the credit facility is typically limited to our participation interest. Loans dependent on third parties. Further, the repayment of financing arrangements we enter into with our clients may be dependent on the financial condition or ability of third parties to meet their payment obligations to our clients. For example, we enter into formula-based financing arrangements that are secured by our clients’ accounts receivable from third parties with whom they do business. We make loans secured by letters of credit issued by third party banks and enter into letters of credit discounting arrangements, the repayment of which may be dependent on reimbursement by third party banks. We extend recurring revenue-based lines of credit, where repayment may be dependent on borrowers’ revenues from third parties. We also extend project financing to solar and other renewable energy providers, where repayment may be dependent on factors related to renewable energy generation, construction and access to take-out sources of financing, including tax credit equity. Further, in our loan portfolio of private equity and venture capital firm clients, many of our clients 19 Table of Contents have lines of credit, the repayment of which is dependent on the payment of capital calls or management fees by the underlying limited partner investors in the funds managed by these firms. These capital call lines of credit are a significant portion of our loan portfolio. (Capital call lines of credit represent more than half of our loan portfolio as of the end of 2020, and may in future periods increase). These third parties may not be able to meet their financial obligations to our clients or to us, which, ultimately, could have an adverse impact on us. Technology, life science and healthcare industries. In addition, because of the intense competition and rapid technological change that characterize the technology, life science and healthcare industry sectors in which most of our borrowers reside, as well as periodic volatility in the market prices for securities of companies in these industries, a borrower’s financial position can deteriorate rapidly. Collateral for many of our loans often includes intellectual property and other intangible assets, which are difficult to value and may not be readily salable in the case of default. As a result, even if a loan is secured, we may not be able to fully recover the amounts owed to us, if at all. Wineries and vineyards. In addition, we lend to premium wineries and vineyards through SVB Wine. Repayment of loans made to these clients may be dependent on overall wine demand and sales, or other sources of financing or income which may be adversely affected by a challenging economic environment, as well as the value of underlying real estate and non-real estate collateral, overall grape supply and income from tourism which may be adversely affected by climate change, poor weather, heavy rains, flooding, droughts, fires, wildfires, earthquakes or other natural or catastrophic conditions. Our premium wine industry clients have been and may continue to be impacted by the loss of restaurant and winery sales as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the impacts of the California wildfires in 2020. Loans to individuals. We also lend to individual investors, executives, entrepreneurs or other influencers in the innovation economy, primarily through SVB Private Bank, a division of the Bank. Our lending to individuals will substantially increase upon completion of our acquisition of Boston Private. These individual clients may face difficulties meeting their financial commitments, especially in a challenging economic environment, and may be unable to repay their loans, and these difficulties may be more acute if accompanied by a decline in real estate values. In certain instances, we may also relax loan covenants and conditions or extend loan terms to individual borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties. While such determinations are based on an assessment of various factors, including access to additional capital in the near term, there can be no assurance that such continued support will result in any individual borrower meeting his or her financial commitments. Based on the credit profile of our overall loan portfolio, our level of nonperforming loans, loan charge-offs and allowance for credit losses can be volatile and can vary materially from period to period. Increases in our level of nonperforming loans, loan charge-offs or changes in economic forecasts may require us to increase our provision for credit losses in any period, which could reduce our net income or cause net losses in that period. For instance, during the first half of 2020, we significantly increased our allowance for credit losses in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on our borrowers. The continued effects of COVID-19 or other unforeseen events or future economic downturns or recessions may cause our clients to be unable to pay their loans as they come due or decrease the value of collateral, such as accounts receivable, which could cause us to materially increase our allowance for credit losses or incur credit losses in excess of the allowance in future periods. Additionally, such increases in our level of nonperforming loans, loan charge-offs or changes in economic forecasts may also have an adverse effect on our capital ratios, credit ratings and market perceptions of us. See “Loans” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Consolidated Financial Condition” under Part II, Item 7 of this report. Our allowance for credit losses is determined based upon both objective and subjective factors, and may not be adequate to absorb credit losses. As a lender, we face the risk that our borrower clients will fail to repay their loans when due. If borrower defaults cause large aggregate losses, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. We reserve for such losses by establishing an allowance for credit losses, the increase of which results in a charge to our earnings as a provision for credit losses. Although we have established an evaluation process designed to determine the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses that uses historical and other objective information reflective of the classification of loans, the establishment of credit losses are also dependent on macroeconomic forecasts as well as the subjective experience and judgment of our management. Actual losses are difficult to forecast, especially if such losses stem from factors beyond our historical experience, as has occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, or are otherwise inconsistent with our credit quality assessments. There can be no assurance that our allowance for credit losses will be sufficient to absorb future credit losses or prevent a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13" or "CECL"), became effective January 1, 2020 and amended the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The standard removed the previous “probable” threshold in GAAP for recognizing credit losses and instead requires companies to reflect their estimate of credit losses over the life of the financial 20 Table of Contents assets. Our ability to accurately forecast estimated credit losses depends on whether our credit loss model and related inputs correspond to actual loss rates. Banking regulators, as part of their supervisory function, periodically review our methodology, models and the underlying assumptions, estimates and assessments we make in determining the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses. These regulators may conclude that changes are necessary, which could impact our overall credit portfolio. Such changes could result in, among other things, modifications to our methodology or models, reclassification or downgrades of our loans, increases in our allowance for credit losses or other credit costs, imposition of new or more stringent concentration limits, restrictions in our lending activities and/or recognition of further losses. The borrowing needs of our clients have been and may continue to be unpredictable, especially during a challenging economic environment. We may not be able to meet our unfunded credit commitments, or adequately reserve for losses associated with our unfunded credit commitments, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation. A commitment to extend credit is a formal agreement to lend funds to a client as long as the conditions established under the agreement have been satisfied. The actual borrowing needs of our clients under these credit commitments have historically been lower than the contractual amount of the commitments. As a result, we typically have a substantial amount of total unfunded credit commitments reflected off our balance sheet, and a significant portion of these commitments ultimately expire without being drawn upon. See Note 21-“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional details. However, the actual borrowing needs of our clients may exceed our expected funding requirements. For example, our client companies may be more dependent on our credit commitments in a challenging economic environment due to the lack of available credit elsewhere, the increasing costs of credit through other channels, or the limited availability of financings from private equity or venture capital firms, such as occurred at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, when certain clients increased utilization of credit lines to secure liquidity. In addition, limited partner investors of our private equity and venture capital fund clients may fail to meet their underlying investment commitments due to liquidity or other financing difficulties, which may impact our clients’ borrowing needs. Any failure to meet our unfunded credit commitments in accordance with the actual borrowing needs of our clients may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation. Further, although we have established a reserve for losses associated with our unfunded credit commitments, the level of the reserve is determined by a methodology that is similar to that used to establish our allowance for credit losses in our funded loan portfolio and that has also been amended by CECL. The reserve is susceptible to significant changes and is primarily based on credit commitments less the amounts that have been funded, the amount of the unfunded portion that we expect to be utilized in the future, credit quality of the loan credit commitments, and management’s estimates and judgment. There can be no assurance that our allowance for unfunded credit commitments will be adequate to provide for actual losses associated with our unfunded credit commitments. An increase in the allowance for unfunded credit commitments in any period may result in a charge to our earnings, which could reduce our net income or increase net losses in that period. Market and Liquidity Risks Our interest rate spread has declined, and may continue to decline in the future. Any material reduction in our interest rate spread could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. A significant portion of our net income comes from our interest rate spread, which is the difference between the interest rates paid by us on interest- bearing liabilities, such as deposits and internal borrowings, and the interest rates and fees we receive on our interest-earning assets, such as loans extended to our clients, securities held in our investment portfolio and excess cash held to manage short-term liquidity. Our interest rate spread can be affected by the mix of loans, investment securities, deposits and other liabilities on our balance sheet, as well as a variety of external factors beyond our control that affect interest rate levels, such as competition, inflation, recession, global economic disruptions, unemployment and the fiscal and monetary policies of various governmental bodies. For example, changes in key variable market interest rates, such as the Federal Funds, National Prime (“Prime”), LIBOR or Treasury rates, generally impact our interest rate spread. While changes in interest rates do not generally produce equivalent changes in the revenues earned from our interest-earning assets and the expenses associated with our interest-bearing liabilities, increases in market interest rates are nevertheless likely to cause our interest rate spread to increase. Conversely, if interest rates decline, our interest rate spread will likely decline. In the first quarter of 2020, the Federal Reserve lowered the target Federal Funds rate to between zero and 0.25%, which contributed to the decline of our interest rate spread, and also led to a decrease in the rates and yields on U.S. Treasury securities. If interest rates do not rise, or if the Federal Reserve lowers the target Federal Funds rate to below 0%, these low rates could continue to constrain our interest rate spread and may adversely affect our business forecasts. On the other hand, increases in interest rates may result in a change in the mix of non-interest and interest-bearing accounts, and the level of off-balance sheet market-based investment preferred by our clients, which may also impact our interest rate spread. 21 Table of Contents Changes in the method of determining LIBOR or other reference rates, or uncertainty related to such potential changes, may adversely affect the value of reference rate-linked debt securities that we hold or issue, which could further impact our interest rate spread. In 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority announced that it would no longer persuade or compel submission of bank rates used for calculation of LIBOR after 2021. In 2020, the administrator of LIBOR announced that it will extend publication of the most commonly used U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings to June 30, 2023 and will cease publishing other LIBOR settings on December 31, 2021. The federal banking agencies have issued guidance strongly encouraging banking organizations to cease using the U.S. Dollar LIBOR as a reference rate in new contracts as soon as practicable and in any event by December 31, 2021. At this time, it is not possible to predict what rate or rates may become broadly accepted alternatives to LIBOR, or what the effect of any such changes in views or alternatives may be on the markets for LIBOR-linked financial instruments. Regulators, industry groups and certain committees (for example, the Alternative Reference Rates Committee) have published recommended fallback language for LIBOR-linked financial instruments, identified recommended alternatives for certain LIBOR rates (e.g., the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as the recommended alternative to U.S. Dollar LIBOR), and proposed implementations of the recommended alternatives in floating rate instruments. At this time, it is not possible to predict whether these recommendations and proposals will be broadly accepted in their current form, whether they will continue to evolve, and what the ultimate effect of their implementation may be on the markets for floating-rate financial instruments. Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund operations and jeopardize our financial condition. Liquidity is essential to our business, both at the SVB Financial and the Bank level. We require sufficient liquidity to meet our expected financial obligations, as well as unexpected requirements stemming from client activity and market changes, such as the unexpected cash outflows that occurred at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic when certain clients increased utilization of their credit lines. Primary liquidity resources for SVB Financial include: cash flow from investments and interest in financial assets held by operating subsidiaries other than the Bank; to the extent declared, dividends from the Bank; and as needed, periodic capital market transactions offering debt and equity instruments in the public and private markets. The primary source of liquidity for the Bank is client deposits. When needed, our liquidity is supplemented by wholesale borrowing capacity in the form of short- and long-term borrowings secured by our portfolio of high-quality investment securities, long-term capital market debt issuances and unsecured overnight funding channels available to us in the Federal Funds market. An inability to maintain or raise funds through these sources could have a substantial negative effect, individually or collectively, on SVB Financial and the Bank’s liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities, or on terms attractive to us, could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry in general. For example, factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market downturn or adverse regulatory action against us, a downturn in asset markets such that the collateral we hold cannot be realized or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of our secured obligations, a reduction in our credit rating, any damage to our reputation or any other decrease in depositor or investor confidence in our creditworthiness and business. Our access to liquidity could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as laws and regulations that limit the amount of intercompany dividends that bank subsidiaries may pay, severe volatility or disruption of the financial markets or negative views and expectations about prospects for the financial services industry as a whole. Any such event or failure to manage our liquidity effectively could affect our competitive position, increase our borrowing costs and the interest rates we pay on deposits, limit our access to the capital markets and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. Our equity warrant assets, venture capital and private equity fund investments and direct equity investment portfolio gains depend upon the performance of our portfolio investments and the general condition of the public and private equity and M&A markets, which have seen significant volatility in the past year, are uncertain and may vary materially by period. In connection with negotiated credit facilities and certain other services, we often obtain equity warrant assets giving us the right to acquire stock in private, venture-backed companies primarily in the technology, life science and healthcare industries subject to applicable regulatory limits. We have also made investments through SVB Financial, SVB Leerink and our SVB Capital family of funds in venture capital funds and direct investments in companies, many of which are required to be carried at fair value or are impacted by changes in fair value. The fair values of these warrants and investments are reflected in our financial statements and are adjusted on a quarterly basis. Fair value changes are recorded as unrealized gains or losses through consolidated net income. However, the timing and amount of changes in fair value, if any, of these financial instruments depends on factors beyond our control, including the perceived and actual performance of the companies or funds in which we invest, fluctuations in the market prices of the preferred or common stock of the portfolio companies, the timing of our receipt of relevant financial information from these companies, market volatility and interest rate factors and legal and contractual restrictions. The value of these assets were impacted by the negative effects of the earlier stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Though valuations and financial markets have rebounded since then, prolonged negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may have a further impact (potentially in a significant manner). Moreover, the timing and amount of our 22 Table of Contents realization of actual net proceeds, if any, from our disposition of these financial instruments also often depend on factors beyond our control. In addition to those mentioned above, such factors include the level of public offerings, and M&A or other exit activity, legal and contractual restrictions on our ability to sell our equity positions (including the expiration of any “lock-up” agreements) and the timing of any actual dispositions. Because of the inherent variability of these financial instruments and the markets in which they are bought and sold, their fair market value might increase or decrease materially from period to period, and the net proceeds ultimately realized upon disposition might be materially different than the then-current recorded fair market value. In addition, depending on the fair value of these warrants and direct equity investments, a meaningful portion of the aggregate fair value of our total warrant and direct equity investment portfolios may, from time to time, be concentrated in a limited number of warrants and direct equity investments. Valuation changes in one or more of these warrants or direct equity investments may have a material impact on the valuation of our total investment portfolio. Moreover, because valuations of private companies are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value for private companies may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. Therefore, fair value determinations may materially understate or overstate the value that we ultimately realize upon the sale of one or more investments. We cannot predict future realized or unrealized gains or losses, and any such gains or losses are likely to vary materially from period to period. See Note 15-”Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional details. Changes in the market for public equity offerings, M&A or a slowdown in private equity or venture capital investment levels may affect the needs of our clients for investment banking or M&A advisory services and lending products, which could in turn adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. While an active market for public equity offerings, financings, and M&A activity generally has positive implications for our business, one negative consequence is that our clients may pay off or reduce their loans with us if they complete a public equity offering, are acquired by or merge with another entity or otherwise receive a significant equity investment. By contrast, a low demand for public equity or M&A transactions or an inability to complete such transactions due to events affecting market conditions generally, could result in fewer transactions overall and therefore decrease revenues of SVB Leerink, our investment banking business, as such revenues stem primarily from underwriting and advisory fees associated with capital markets and M&A transactions. Although there was strong capital markets activity in the healthcare and life sciences sector in the second half of 2020, a decline in this activity in the future could lead to decreased revenues of SVB Leerink. A slowdown in overall private equity or venture capital investment levels may reduce the need for our clients to borrow from our capital call lines of credit, which are typically utilized by our private equity and venture capital fund clients to make investments prior to receipt of capital called from their respective limited partners. Any significant reduction in the outstanding amounts of our loans or under our lines of credit could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Operational Risks Our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant economic and financial disruptions that have adversely affected, and are likely to continue to adversely affect, our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations. Although financial markets have rebounded from the significant declines that occurred earlier in the pandemic, and global economic conditions showed signs of improvement in the second half of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to contribute to, among other things (i) increased unemployment and decreased consumer confidence and business generally, leading to an increased risk of delinquencies, defaults and foreclosures; (ii) sudden and significant declines, and significant increases in volatility, in financial markets; (iii) ratings downgrades, credit deterioration and defaults in many industries; (iv) increased utilization of credit lines as clients seek to bolster liquidity; (v) significant reductions in the targeted federal funds rate; and (vi) heightened cybersecurity, information security and operational risks as a result of work-from-home arrangements and the current environment, including increased fraudulent activity. In addition, we also face an increased risk of client disputes, litigation and governmental and regulatory scrutiny as a result of the effects of COVID-19 on market and economic conditions, actions that governmental authorities take in response to those conditions, and our implementation of and participation in special financial relief programs, such as the U.S. Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") and U.K. Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme ("CBILS"). Moreover, we have focused resources and management 23 Table of Contents attention towards managing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and we have and likely will have to continue to prioritize managing these impacts over certain growth initiatives and other investments in the near term. Early-stage companies and certain industries (including the premium wine industry) where the Company has credit exposure, have experienced, and are expected to continue to experience, significant operational and financial challenges as a result of COVID-19. The effects of COVID-19 may also cause our clients to be unable to pay their loans as they come due or decrease the value of collateral, such as accounts receivable, which we expect would cause significant increases in our credit losses. We remain unable to predict the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to negatively affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations. The extent of any continued or future adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and outside our control, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic on our employees, clients, counterparties and service providers, as well as other market participants, actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the pandemic, the scope and duration of future phases or outbreaks, or seasonal or other resurgences, of the disease, and the effectiveness and implementation of vaccination efforts. The occurrence of fraudulent activity, breaches of our information security or cybersecurity-related incidents could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. As a financial institution, we are susceptible to fraudulent activity, information security breaches and cybersecurity-related incidents that could be committed against us, our clients or our third-party partners, which may result in financial losses or increased costs to us or our clients, disclosure or misuse of our information or our client information, misappropriation of assets, privacy breaches against our employees or clients, litigation or damage to our reputation. Such fraudulent activity may take many forms, including credit fraud, check fraud, electronic fraud, wire fraud, phishing, social engineering, business email compromise, ransomware, malfeasance and other dishonest acts. For example, in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2021, we disclosed that we became aware of a potentially fraudulent loan transaction, with possible credit exposure to us of up to $70 million, net of tax. Information security breaches and cybersecurity-related incidents may include fraudulent or unauthorized access to systems used by us, our clients or third-party partners, denial or degradation of service attacks, malware or other cyber-attacks. Sources of attacks vary and may include hackers, employees, vendors, business partners, organized crime, terrorists, foreign governments, corporate espionage and activists. Breaches may also be a result of human errors or mistakes unintentionally caused by us. In recent periods, there continues to be a rise in electronic fraudulent activity, security breaches and cyber-attacks within the financial services industry, especially in the commercial banking sector due to cyber criminals targeting commercial bank accounts. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we continued to experience heightened fraud and cybersecurity risks, as well as other information security risks, particularly as a result of work-from-home arrangements, which may be more susceptible to inadvertent human errors given the change in operating environment. Consistent with industry trends, we remain at risk for attempted electronic fraudulent activity, as well as attempts at security breaches and cybersecurity- related incidents. Cybersecurity risks may increase in the future as we increase our mobile, digital and internet-based product offerings and expand our internal use of internet-based products and applications, which we expect to remain elevated as long as the COVID-19 pandemic continues. Moreover, in recent periods, large corporations (including financial institutions and retail companies), as well as U.S. governmental agencies, have suffered significant data breaches or malware attacks, in some cases exposing not only confidential and proprietary corporate information, but also sensitive financial and other personal information of their customers and employees and subjecting them to potential fraudulent activity. Some of our clients may have been affected by these breaches, which increase their risks of identity theft, credit card fraud and other fraudulent activity that could involve their accounts with us, which could subject us to potential liability. Additionally, state-sponsored or terrorist-sponsored efforts to hack or disable information technology systems increases risks, since the motivation may be for geopolitical as much as for financial gain. Information pertaining to us and our clients is maintained, and transactions are executed, on our networks and systems, as well as those of our clients and certain of our third-party partners, such as our online banking or reporting systems. The secure maintenance and transmission of confidential information, as well as execution of transactions over these systems, are essential to protect us and our clients against fraud and security breaches and to maintain our clients’ confidence. Breaches of information security also may occur, and in infrequent cases have occurred, through intentional or unintentional acts by those having access to our systems or our clients’ or counterparties’ confidential information, including employees and third-party contractors. In addition, SVB provides card transaction processing services to some merchant customers under agreements we have with those merchants and/or with the payment networks. Under these agreements, we may be responsible for certain losses and penalties if one of our merchant customers suffers a data security breach. Furthermore, SVB’s cardholders use their debit and credit cards to make purchases from third parties or through third-party processing services. As such, SVB is subject to risk from data breaches of such third party’s information systems or its payment processors, for reasons including 24 Table of Contents unauthorized card use. Such a data security breach could compromise SVB’s account information, cause losses on card accounts and increase litigation costs. SVB may suffer losses associated with reimbursing our customers for such fraudulent transactions on customers’ card accounts, as well as for other costs related to data security breaches, such as replacing cards associated with compromised card accounts. We also offer certain services that allow non-accountholders to process payments through SVB’s systems, as well as financial analytics services. In the course of providing those services, we may obtain sensitive data about customers who do not otherwise hold accounts with us, including information regarding accounts held at other institutions, as well as profit and loss and other proprietary financial or other information regarding our customers or the non- accountholders they service. In the event of a data breach, this sensitive information may be exposed and could subject us to claims for damages. In addition, increases in criminal activity levels and sophistication, advances in computer capabilities, ongoing work-from-home arrangements for our employees, vulnerabilities in third-party technologies and services (including cloud computing and storage, computing hardware, browsers and operating systems) or other developments could result in a compromise or breach of the technology, processes and controls that we use to prevent fraudulent transactions and to protect data about us, our clients and underlying transactions, as well as the technology used by our clients to access our systems. The forms, methods and sophistication of fraud, security breaches, cyber-attacks and other similar criminal activity continue to evolve, and as we evolve and grow our business, especially in new business lines or geographic areas, we may be unable to foresee future risks. Although we have developed, and continue to invest in, systems and processes that are designed to detect and prevent security breaches and cyber-attacks and periodically test our security and effectiveness of our cyber incident response plans, our risk mitigation strategies and internal controls, including risk assessment policies and procedures, testing, backup and redundancy systems, incident response plans, training and authentication or encryption tools, may not be effective against defending against fraud, security breaches or cyber-attacks, and any insurance we maintain may not be sufficient to compensate us for all losses that may occur. Our inability to anticipate, or failure to adequately mitigate, fraudulent activities, breaches of security or cyber-attacks could result in: financial losses to us or our clients; our loss of business and/or clients; loss or exposure of our confidential data or information; damage to our reputation; the incurrence of additional expenses; loss of personnel; disruption to our business; force majeure claims by us or critical suppliers; our inability to grow our online services or other businesses; additional regulatory scrutiny or penalties; or our exposure to civil litigation and possible financial liability. We face risks associated with the ability of our information technology systems and our people and processes to support our operations and future growth effectively. Our information technology systems, people and internal business processes are critical to our operations and future growth, and were critical to our continued operations during the COVID-19 pandemic as we implemented work-from-home arrangements. Our systems may be subject to service outages from time to time due to various reasons, including infrastructure failures, interruptions due to system upgrades or malware removal, employee error or malfeasance, or other force majeure-related reasons (such as potential blackouts or brownouts in California), which could cause business disruption. Additionally, our systems and processes need to be sufficiently scalable to operate effectively, and we need to have the appropriate talent and organizational structures to support our business. Many of our systems and processes are interdependent and interconnected, meaning that a service outage or operational inefficiency with respect to one system or process could negatively impact other systems or processes. As a result, we continue to invest in technology and more automated solutions in order to optimize the efficiency of our core operational and administrative infrastructure. In the absence of having effective automated solutions, we may rely on manual processes which may be more prone to error. Moreover, as we evolve, we may further install or implement new systems and processes or otherwise replace, upgrade or make other modifications to our existing systems and processes. These changes could be costly and require significant investment in the training of our employees and other third-party partners, as well as impose substantial demands on management time. If we do not implement new initiatives or utilize new technologies effectively or in accordance with regulatory requirements, or if our people (including outsourced business partners) are not appropriately trained or developed or do not perform their functions properly or have the appropriate resources to do so, we could experience business interruptions or other system failures which, among other things, could result in inefficiencies, revenue losses, loss of clients, employee dissatisfaction, exposure to fraudulent activities, regulatory enforcement actions or damage to our reputation, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Business disruptions and interruptions due to natural disasters and other external events beyond our control have in the past adversely affected our business, financial condition or results of operations and may do so in the future. 25 Table of Contents Our operations can be subject to natural disasters and other external events beyond our control, such as the effects of earthquakes, fires, floods, severe weather, public health issues such as the recent outbreak of the coronavirus or other pandemic diseases, power failures, telecommunication loss, major accidents, terrorist attacks, acts of war, political, economic and social unrest, and other natural and man-made events, some of which may be intensified by the effects of climate change and changing weather patterns. For example, our corporate headquarters and some of our critical business offices are located in California, which has recently experienced major wildfires and blackouts and is located over major earthquake fault lines. We also maintain critical business facilities in Texas, which has recently experienced severe weather conditions, major blackouts and water service disruptions. Furthermore, climate change, the increasing frequency or severity of weather events, an earthquake or other disaster could cause severe destruction, disruption or interruption to our operations or property and significantly impact our employees and could damage, destroy or otherwise reduce the value of collateral, which could materially increase our credit losses. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has had direct effects on our operations, including by limiting employee travel and increasing telecommuting arrangements. We may experience negative effects of prolonged work-from-home arrangements, such as increased risks of systems access or connectivity issues, cybersecurity or information security breaches, and challenges our employees may face in maintaining a balance between work and home life, which may lead to reduced productivity and/or significant disruptions in our business operations. We and other financial institutions generally must resume operations promptly following any interruption. If we were to suffer a disruption or interruption and were not able to resume normal operations within a period consistent with industry standards, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected in a material manner. In addition, depending on the nature and duration of the disruption or interruption, we might become vulnerable to fraud, additional expense or other losses, or to a loss of business and clients. Although we have implemented a business continuity management program that we continue to enhance on an ongoing basis, there can be no assurance that the program will adequately mitigate the risks of such business disruptions and interruptions. Additionally, natural disasters and external events, including but not limited to those that have occurred and may occur in and around California, have affected, and could in the future affect, the business and operations of our clients, which could impair their ability to repay their loans or fees when due, impair the value of collateral securing their loans, cause our clients to reduce their deposits with us, or otherwise adversely affect their business dealings with us, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. A significant portion of our client borrowers, including our premium winery and vineyard clients, our SVB Private Bank mortgage clients and other corporate clients, are located in or have offices in California, which has historically experienced severe natural disasters resulting in disruptions to businesses and damage to property, including wildfires and earthquakes. If there is a major earthquake, flood, fire, drought or other natural or catastrophic disaster in California or elsewhere in the markets in which we operate, our borrowers may experience uninsured property losses or sustained disruption to business or loss that may materially impair their ability to meet the terms of their loan obligations. We face risks from a prolonged work-from-home arrangement, as well as from our eventual implementation of a broader plan to return to the office or increase virtual working arrangements. Since the first quarter of 2020, we have moved to a work-from-home plan, restricted business travel, postponed or moved to online SVB-hosted events, and enabled remote access to our systems. Although our work-from-home plan has been effective thus far, we may experience negative effects of a prolonged work- from-home arrangement, such as increasing risks of systems access or connectivity issues, cybersecurity or information security breaches, reduced team collaboration, or imbalances between work and home life, which may lead to reduced productivity and/or significant disruptions in our business operations. Moreover, we are developing a plan for employees to eventually return to work in our offices, the manner and timing of which are still to be finalized. Our return to office plan will be subject to a variety of complex considerations including, among others, international, federal, state and local government laws, regulations and guidance, health organization guidance, health and safety implications (including the availability of vaccinations and potential health testing requirements), employee needs, and the practical requirements of potential office reconfigurations or a phased return. We may also expand our work model to increase virtual or remote working arrangements, and if implemented ineffectively, may also result in reduced productivity and/or significant disruptions in our business operations. We face reputation and business risks due to our interactions with business partners, service providers and other third parties. As a financial service institution with domestic and international operations, we rely on third parties, both in the United States and internationally in countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Denmark, Hong Kong, China, Israel and India, to provide services to us and our clients or otherwise act as partners in our business activities in a variety of ways, including through the provision of key components of our business infrastructure. We expect these third parties to 26 Table of Contents perform services for us, fulfill their obligations to us, accurately inform us of relevant information, and conduct their activities in a manner that reflects positively on our brand and business. Although we manage exposure to such third-party risk through a variety of means, including the performance of due diligence and ongoing monitoring of vendor performance, there can be no assurance these efforts will be effective. Any failure of our business partners, service providers or other third parties to meet their commitments to us or to perform in accordance with our expectations could result in operational disruptions, increased expenditures, regulatory actions in which we may be held responsible for the actions of third parties, damage to our reputation and the loss of clients, which in turn could harm our business and operations, strategic growth objectives and financial performance. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, many of our counterparties and third-party service providers have been, and may further be, affected by “stay-at-home” orders, market volatility and other factors that increase their risk of business disruption or that may otherwise affect their ability to perform under the terms of any agreements with us or provide essential services. Our third-party partners may also rely on their own business partners and service providers in the ordinary course of their business. Although we seek to diversify our exposure to third-party partners in order to increase our resiliency, we are nevertheless exposed to the risk that a disruption or other information technology event at a common service provider to our vendors could impede their ability to provide products or services to us, which in turn could harm our business and operations, strategic growth objectives and financial performance. The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us. Financial services institutions are interrelated because of trading, clearing, counterparty and other relationships. We routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial banks, investment banks, payment processors and other institutional clients, which may result in payment obligations to us or to our clients due to products we have arranged. Many of these transactions expose us to credit and market risk that may cause our counterparty or client to default. In particular, the interconnectivity of multiple financial services institutions with central agents, exchanges and clearing houses, and the increased centrality of these entities, increases the risk that an operational failure at one institution or entity may cause an industry-wide operational failure that could materially impact our ability to conduct business. Any losses arising from such occurrences could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information about customers and counterparties. In deciding whether to extend credit or enter into other transactions with customers and counterparties, we may rely on information furnished to us by or on behalf of customers and counterparties, including financial statements and other information relating to their business or financial condition. We also may rely on representations of customers and counterparties as to the accuracy and completeness of that information and, with respect to financial statements, on reports or other certifications of their auditors or accountants. For example, under our accounts receivable financing arrangements, we rely on information, such as invoices, contracts and other supporting documentation, provided by our clients and their account debtors to determine the amount of credit to extend. Similarly, in deciding whether to extend credit, we may rely upon our customers’ representations that their financial statements conform to GAAP (or other applicable accounting standards in foreign markets) and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the customer. If we rely on materially misleading, false, inaccurate or fraudulent information in evaluating the creditworthiness or other risk profiles of our clients or counterparties, we could be subject to credit losses, regulatory action, reputational harm or experience other adverse effects on our business, results of operations or financial condition. We face risks associated with our current international operations and ongoing international expansion. One important component of our strategy is to expand internationally. We currently have international offices in Canada, the United Kingdom, Israel, Germany, Denmark, India, Hong Kong and China, including a joint-venture bank in China. We have expanded and plan to continue to expand our operations and business activities in some of our current international markets. For example, we have expanded our presence in India, where we currently conduct certain technology and finance operations. We also plan to expand our business beyond our current markets over time. Our efforts to expand our business internationally carry certain risks, including risks arising from the uncertainty regarding our ability to generate revenues from foreign operations; risks associated with leveraging and doing business with local business partners through joint ventures, strategic arrangements or other partnerships; and other general operational risks. In addition, there are certain risks inherent in doing business on an international basis, including, among others, legal, regulatory and tax requirements and restrictions; uncertainties regarding liability, tariffs and other trade barriers, such as recent trade tensions between the United States and China; uncertainties regarding international public health issues like the COVID-19 pandemic; difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; the incremental requirement of management’s attention and resources; differing technology standards or customer requirements; data security or transfer risks; cultural differences; political and economic risks such as uncertainty created by the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union; and financial risks, including currency 27 Table of Contents and payment risks such as fluctuation in the value of foreign currencies, such as the euro. These risks could hinder our ability, or the ability of our local partners, to service our clients effectively, and adversely affect the success of our international operations, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our overall business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, we face risks that our employees and affiliates may fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations governing our international operations, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, U.K. Bribery Act, GDPR, anti-corruption laws, privacy laws, anti-money laundering laws, economic and trade sanctions requirements and other applicable laws and regulations. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could, among other things, result in enforcement actions and fines against us, as well as limitations on the conduct of our business, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Our holding company, SVB Financial, relies on equity warrant assets income, investment distributions, periodic capital market transactions and dividends from its subsidiaries for most of its cash revenues. SVB Financial is a holding company and is a separate and distinct legal entity from its subsidiaries. It receives most of its cash revenues from a few primary funding sources: income from equity warrant assets and investment securities, from periodic capital markets transactions offering debt and equity instruments in the public and private markets, and, to the extent declared, cash dividends paid by subsidiaries, primarily the Bank. These sources generate cash which is used by SVB Financial to pay operating and borrowing costs and, to the extent authorized or declared, fund dividends to holders of its capital stock and stock repurchase programs. Any income derived from those financial instruments is subject to a variety of factors as discussed in the “Credit Risks” portion of this “Risk Factors” section. Moreover, various federal and state laws and regulations limit the amount of dividends that the Bank and certain of our nonbank subsidiaries may pay to SVB Financial. In addition, SVB Financial’s right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a liquidation or reorganization of any of its subsidiaries is subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors. Climate change has the potential to disrupt our business and adversely impact the operations and creditworthiness of our clients. Climate change has caused severe weather patterns and events that could disrupt operations at one or more of our locations, which may disrupt our ability to provide financial products and services to our clients. Climate change could also have a negative effect on the financial status and creditworthiness of our clients, such as those in the wine industry, which may decrease revenues and business activities from those clients, increase the credit risk associated with loans and other credit exposures to such clients, and decrease the value of our warrants and direct equity investments in such clients, if any. Legal and Regulatory Risks We are subject to extensive regulation that could limit or restrict our activities, impose financial requirements or limitations on the conduct of our business, or result in higher costs to us, and the stringency of the regulatory framework applicable to us may increase if, and as, our balance sheet continues to grow. SVB Financial, including the Bank, is extensively regulated under federal and state laws and regulations governing financial institutions, including those imposed by the FDIC, the Federal Reserve, the CFPB, the SEC, and the DFPI, as well as various regulatory authorities that govern our global activities. Federal and state laws and regulations govern, restrict, limit or otherwise affect the activities in which we may engage and may affect our ability to expand our business over time, result in an increase in our compliance costs, including higher FDIC insurance premiums, and may affect our ability to attract and retain qualified executive officers and employees (especially when compared to competitors not subject to similar restrictions). Further, the stringency of the regulatory framework that applies to us may increase as our asset size and international business grows. A change in applicable statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including the possibility of legislative regulatory and policy changes by the new Congress and Biden-Harris Administration, could have a material adverse effect on our business, including limiting or imposing conditions on the types of financial services and products we may offer or increasing the ability of nonbanks to offer competing financial services and products. Increased regulatory requirements (and the associated compliance costs), whether due to the growth of our business, the adoption of new laws and regulations, changes in existing laws and regulations, or more expansive or aggressive enforcement of existing laws and regulations, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, personnel at the U.S. banking agencies that regulate us may soon change given the change in presidential administration. New personnel may take new or different positions than their predecessors and that could result in additional regulatory requirements or requirements to change certain practices. We expect to exceed $100 billion of average total consolidated assets (over four quarters) during 2021. We will therefore be subject to more stringent regulations, including certain enhanced prudential standards applicable to large bank holding companies. 28 Table of Contents Certain enhanced prudential standards and related requirements will apply to us when we exceed $100 billion in average total consolidated assets calculated over four consecutive financial quarters, which we expect to happen in 2021. Category IV institutions under the Tailoring Rules (which we expect to be) are subject to additional requirements, such as certain enhanced prudential standards and monitoring and reporting certain risk-based indicators. Under the Tailoring Rules, Category IV firms are, among other things, subject to (1) supervisory capital stress testing on a biennial basis, (2) requirements to develop and maintain a capital plan on an annual basis and (3) certain liquidity risk management and risk committee requirements, including liquidity buffer and liquidity stress testing requirements. When we become subject to enhanced prudential standards, we will face more stringent requirements or limitations on our business, as well as increased compliance costs, and, depending on our levels of capital and liquidity, stress test results and other factors, we may be limited in the types of activities we may conduct and be limited as to how we utilize our capital, including with respect to common stock repurchases. Further, we may be subject to heightened expectations, which could result in additional regulatory scrutiny, higher penalties, and more severe consequences if we are unable to meet those expectations. See “Business-Supervision and Regulation-Enhanced Prudential Standards,” under this Part I, Item 1, for a more detailed description of the various requirements that may become applicable to us. We face a risk of noncompliance and enforcement action with the Bank Secrecy Act, other anti-money laundering and anti-bribery statutes and regulations, and U.S. economic and trade sanctions. The Bank Secrecy Act, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020, and other laws and regulations require financial institutions to, among other duties, institute and maintain an effective anti-money laundering program and file suspicious activity and currency transaction reports as appropriate. The federal Financial Crimes Enforcement Network is authorized to impose significant civil money penalties for violations of those requirements and has engaged in coordinated enforcement efforts with state and federal banking regulators, as well as the U.S. Department of Justice and IRS. We also must comply with U.S. economic and trade sanctions administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control and the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and we, like other financial institutions, are subject to increased scrutiny for compliance with these requirements. We maintain policies, procedures and systems designed to detect and deter prohibited financing activities. However, if these controls were deemed deficient or fail to prevent wrongdoing, we could be subject to liability, including civil fines and regulatory actions, which may include restrictions on our ability to pay dividends and the necessity to obtain regulatory approvals to proceed with certain aspects of our business plan. In addition, any failure to effectively maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and terrorist financing could have serious reputational consequences for us. Any of these results could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. If we were to violate, or fail to comply with, international, federal or state laws or regulations governing financial institutions, we could be subject to disciplinary action that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation. International, federal and state banking regulators possess broad powers to take supervisory or enforcement action with respect to financial institutions. Other regulatory bodies, including the SEC, FINRA and state securities regulators, regulate investment advisers and broker-dealers, including our subsidiaries, SVB Asset Management, SVB Wealth Advisory, and SVB Leerink, as well as the registered investment advisers we will acquire upon closing the Boston Private acquisition. These laws and regulations are highly complex, and if we were to violate, even if unintentionally or inadvertently, regulatory authorities could take various actions against us, such as imposing restrictions on how we conduct our business, imposing higher capital and liquidity requirements, requiring us to maintain higher insurance levels, revoking necessary licenses or authorizations, imposing censures, significant civil money penalties or fines, issuing cease and desist or other supervisory orders, and suspending or expelling us or any of our employees from certain businesses. For example, we could face material restrictions on our activities and our ability to enter into certain transactions if SVB Financial and the Bank cease to maintain their status as well-capitalized or well-managed as defined under relevant regulations. These enforcement actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and reputation. Laws and regulations regarding the handling of personal data and information may impede our services or result in increased costs, legal claims or fines against us. We are subject to an evolving body of federal, state and non-U.S. laws, regulations, guidelines and principles regarding data privacy and security, including the protection of personal information. Legal requirements relating to the collection, storage, handling, use, disclosure, transfer and security of personal data continue to evolve, and regulatory scrutiny in this area is increasing around the world. Significant uncertainty exists as privacy and data protection laws may be interpreted and applied differently from country to country and may create inconsistent or conflicting requirements. For example, the GDPR extends the scope of the European Union data protection law to all companies processing data of EU residents, regardless of location, while the California Consumer Privacy Act ("CCPA") established new requirements regarding handling of personal data to entities serving or employing California residents, and such requirements will be expanded under the California 29 Table of Contents Privacy Rights Act ("CPRA") once it goes into effect on January 1, 2023. The GDPR, CCPA and CPRA have heightened our privacy compliance obligations and have required us to evaluate our current operations, information technology systems and data handling practices and implement changes where necessary to comply, with associated costs. Our failure to comply with any such laws, or the failure of our current operations, information technology systems and data handling practices to prevent breaches involving personal data, may result in significant liabilities and/or reputational harm. See “Business-Supervision and Regulation- Privacy and Cybersecurity,” under this Part I, Item 1, for a more detailed description of the various consumer privacy laws that are applicable to us. Adverse results from litigation or governmental or regulatory investigations can impact our business practices and operating results. We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings, and may from time to time be involved in governmental or regulatory investigations and inquiries relating to matters that arise in connection with the conduct of our business. While we have not recognized a material accrual liability for any lawsuits and claims filed or pending against us to date, the outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters is inherently uncertain and it is possible that the actual results of one or more of such matters may be substantially higher than the amounts reserved, or that judgments may be rendered, or fines or penalties assessed in matters for which we have no reserves. Further, adverse outcomes in lawsuits or investigations may result in significant monetary damages, admissions of guilt or injunctive relief that may adversely affect our operating results or financial condition as well as our ability to conduct our businesses as they are presently being conducted. Any such resolution of a criminal matter involving us or our employees could lead to increased exposure to civil litigation and overlapping government investigations, could adversely affect our reputation, could result in penalties or limitations on our ability to conduct our activities generally or in certain circumstances and could have other negative effects. These matters also include responding to governmental inquiries regarding our customers. In recent years across the financial services industry, a number of investigations of customers have, based on the circumstances, led to investigations of the particular bank and its policies. Moreover, even if we prevail in such actions, litigation and investigations can cause reputational harm and be costly and time-consuming, and often risk diverting the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. A failure to appropriately identify and address potential conflicts of interest could adversely affect our businesses. Due to the broad scope of our businesses, we regularly address potential conflicts of interest, including situations where our services to a particular client or our own investments or other interests conflict, or are perceived to conflict, with the interests of that client or another client, as well as situations where one or more of our businesses have access to material non-public information that may not be shared with our other businesses and situations where we may be a creditor of an entity with which we also have an advisory or other relationship. For example, SVB Leerink provides investment banking services to clients in the healthcare and life sciences industry, some of which may also be clients or potential clients of the Bank. In addition, we invest in and partner with entities in the innovation economy, some of which may be clients or potential clients of the Bank. These types of potential conflicts are expected to increase with our acquisition of Boston Private and the related expansion in our private bank business. We have procedures and controls designed to identify and address these conflicts of interest, including those designed to prevent the improper sharing of information among our businesses. However, appropriately identifying and dealing with conflicts of interest is complex and difficult, and our reputation could be damaged and the willingness of clients to enter into transactions with us may be affected if we fail, or appear to fail, to identify, disclose and deal appropriately with conflicts of interest. In addition, potential or perceived conflicts could give rise to litigation or regulatory enforcement actions. Anti-takeover provisions and federal laws, particularly those applicable to financial institutions, may limit the ability of another party to acquire us, which could prevent a merger or acquisition that may be attractive to stockholders and/or have a material adverse effect on our stock price. As a bank holding company, we are subject to certain laws that could delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us. The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and the Change in Bank Control Act of 1978, as amended, together with federal and state regulations, require that, depending on the particular circumstances, either the Federal Reserve must approve or, after receiving notice, must not object to any person or entity acquiring “control” (as determined under the Federal Reserve’s standards) of a bank holding company, such as SVB Financial, or a state member bank, such as the Bank. In addition, DFPI approval may be required in connection with the acquisition of control of the Bank. Moreover, certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by- laws and certain other actions we may take or have taken could delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us. Any of these laws, regulations and other provisions may prevent a merger or acquisition that would be attractive to stockholders and could limit the price investors would be willing to pay in the future for our common stock. 30 Table of Contents Strategic, Reputational and Other Risks Concentration of risk increases the potential for significant losses, while the establishment of limits to mitigate concentration risk increases the potential for lower revenues and slower growth. Our focus on certain markets or segments, including those by client industry, life-cycle stage, size and geography, increases the potential for significant losses due to concentration of risk. It may also result in lower revenues or slower growth if we choose to limit growth in certain markets or segments to mitigate concentration risk. While there may exist a great deal of diversity within each industry, our clients are concentrated within the following general industries: technology, life science and healthcare, private equity and venture capital and premium wine. Clients of our private banking division are primarily professionals in these industries, though this will change upon closing of the acquisition of Boston Private. In particular, our technology clients generally tend to be in the industries of hardware (such as semiconductors, communications, data storage and electronics), software/internet (such as infrastructure software, applications, software services, digital content and advertising technology), and energy and resource innovation. Our life science and healthcare clients are concentrated in the industries of biotechnology, medical devices, healthcare information technology and healthcare services. Many of our client companies are also concentrated by certain stages within their life cycles, such as early-stage, mid-stage or later-stage and many of these companies are venture capital-backed. In addition, growth prospects and our geographic focus on key domestic and international innovation markets, as well as premium wine markets, may lead to an increase in our concentration risk. Our loan concentrations are derived from our borrowers engaging in similar activities as well as certain types of loans extended to a diverse group of borrowers that could cause those borrowers to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions. Any adverse effect on any of our areas of concentration could have a material impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition, even when economic and market conditions are generally favorable to our competitors that are not exposed to similar concentration risk. Decreases in the amount of equity capital available to our portfolio companies could adversely affect our business, growth and profitability. Our core strategy is focused on providing banking and financial products and services to companies, investors, entrepreneurs and influencers in the innovation economy, including in particular to early-stage and mid-stage companies that receive financial support from sophisticated investors, including venture capital or private equity firms, “angels,” corporate investors, crowd-funding and other evolving sources of capital. We derive a meaningful share of our deposits from these companies and provide them with loans as well as other banking products and services. In some cases, our lending credit decision is based on our analysis of the likelihood that our client will receive additional rounds of equity capital from investors or other funding sources. Among the factors that have affected and could in the future affect the amount of capital available to our portfolio companies are: the receptivity of the capital markets; the prevalence of public equity offerings or M&A activity (primarily among companies within the technology and life science and healthcare industry sectors); the availability and return on alternative investments; economic conditions in the technology, life science and healthcare and private equity/venture capital industries; and overall general economic conditions. Reduced capital markets valuations could also reduce the amount of capital available to our client companies, including companies within our technology and life science and healthcare industry sectors. If the amount of capital available to such companies decreases, it is likely that the number of our new clients and investor financial support to our existing clients could decrease, which could have an adverse effect on our business, profitability and growth prospects. We face competitive pressures that could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition or growth. We compete with other banks as well as specialty and diversified financial services companies and investment, debt, venture capital and private equity funds, some of which are larger than we are and which may offer a broader range of lending, leasing, payments, foreign currency exchange, and other financial products and advisory services to our client base. We also compete with other alternative and more specialized lenders, such as online “marketplace” lenders, peer-to-peer lenders and other non-traditional lenders that have emerged in recent years. Moreover, we compete with fintech and non-financial services companies, many of which offer bank or bank-like products, specialized services involving the elimination of banks as intermediaries (known as “disintermediation”) and/or the unbundling of banking products and services into point solutions. The activity of fintechs and support of fintechs by venture capital firms has increased significantly in recent years and are expected to continue to increase. For example, a number of fintechs have applied for, and in some cases received, bank or industrial loan charters or have partnered with existing banks to allow them to offer deposit products to their customers. There has also been significant fintech activity in the areas of credit cards, payments, foreign exchange and lending. Regulatory changes, such as the December 2020 revisions to the FDIC’s rules on brokered deposits, may also make it easier for fintechs to partner with banks and offer deposit products. In addition, some traditional technology companies are beginning to provide financial services directly to their customers and are 31 Table of Contents expected to continue to explore new ways to do so. Many of these companies have fewer regulatory constraints than we do, and some have lower cost structures. Some of these companies also have greater resources to invest in technological improvements than we currently have and may be able to better recruit technology talent. Our competitors may focus their marketing efforts on industry sectors that we serve; for example, they may seek to increase their lending and other financial relationships with technology companies or special industries such as wineries. When new competitors seek to enter one of our markets, or when existing market participants seek to increase their market share, they sometimes undercut the pricing and/or credit terms prevalent in that market, which could adversely affect our market share or ability to exploit new market opportunities. We may have to agree to accept less attractive credit, pricing and other investment terms if we act to meet these competitive challenges, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and future growth. Similarly, competitive pressures and market disruption could adversely affect our access to capital and attractive investment opportunities for our funds business. Our ability to maintain or increase our market share depends on our ability to attract and maintain, as well as meet the needs of, existing and future clients. Our success depends, in part, upon our ability to maintain or increase our market share. In particular, much of our success depends on our ability to attract early-stage or start-up companies as clients and to retain those companies as clients as they grow and mature successfully through the various stages of their life cycles. As a result, we adapt our products and services to evolving industry standards as well as introduce new products and services beyond industry standards in order to serve our clients, who are innovators themselves. A failure to achieve market acceptance for any new products or services we introduce, a failure to introduce products or services that the market demands, or the costs associated with developing, introducing and providing new products and services could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, growth prospects and financial condition. We face risks in connection with our strategic undertakings and new business initiatives. We are engaged, and may in the future engage, in strategic activities domestically or internationally (including acquisitions such as the pending acquisition of Boston Private and the recently completed acquisition of WestRiver Group's ("WRG") debt fund business), joint ventures, partnerships, investments or other business growth initiatives or undertakings. There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify appropriate opportunities, that we will be able to negotiate or finance such activities or that such activities, if undertaken, will be successful. We are focused on our long-term growth and have undertaken various strategic activities and business initiatives, many of which involve activities that are new to us or, in some cases, are experimental in nature. For example, we are expanding our global presence and may engage in activities in jurisdictions where we have limited experience from a business, legal and/or regulatory perspective. With the acquisition of SVB Leerink, we have also expanded into new lines of business, namely, investment banking and M&A advisory services. In January 2021, we announced our pending acquisition of Boston Private, which will significantly expand our wealth management and private banking business and introduce new lines of lending and new deposit products, new types of customers and a number of bank branches. We are also expanding our payments processing capabilities to better serve our clients, including innovating new electronic payment processing solutions, developing new payments technologies, and supporting new or evolving disruptive payments systems, and, with the pending acquisition of Boston Private, expect to expand our private bank and wealth management services. We may also serve clients that deal with new or evolving industries or business activities, such as digital currencies and cannabis. Given our evolving geographic and product diversification, and our innovative product solutions, these initiatives may subject us to, among other risks, increased business, reputational and operational risk, as well as more complex legal, regulatory and compliance costs and risks. Our ability to execute strategic activities and new business initiatives successfully (such as the acquisition of SVB Leerink and the pending acquisition of Boston Private) will depend on a variety of factors. These factors likely will vary based on the nature of the activity but may include our success in integrating an acquired company or a new internally developed growth initiative into our business, operations, services, products, personnel and systems, operating effectively with any partner with whom we elect to do business, meeting applicable regulatory requirements and obtaining applicable regulatory licenses or other approvals, hiring or retaining key employees, achieving anticipated synergies, meeting management’s expectations, realizing the anticipated benefits of the activities, and overall general market conditions. Our ability to address these matters successfully cannot be assured. In addition, our strategic efforts may divert resources or management’s attention from ongoing business operations and may subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny and potential liability. If we do not successfully execute a strategic undertaking, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation or growth prospects. In addition, if we were to conclude that the value of an acquired business had decreased and that the related goodwill had been impaired, that conclusion would result in an impairment of goodwill charge to us, which would adversely affect our results of operations. 32 Table of Contents In addition, in order to finance future strategic undertakings, we might require additional financing, which might not be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If obtained, equity financing could be dilutive and the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Our business reputation and relationships are important and any damage to them could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our reputation is very important in sustaining our business and we rely on our relationships with our current, former and potential clients and stockholders, the venture capital and private equity communities, and other actors in the industries that we serve. Any damage to our reputation, whether arising from regulatory, supervisory or enforcement actions, matters affecting our financial reporting or compliance with SEC and exchange listing requirements, negative publicity, the way in which we conduct our business (including with respect to the administration of PPP or our actions related to environmental, social and governance matters) or otherwise, could strain our existing relationships and make it difficult for us to develop new relationships. Additionally, negative publicity regarding the industries that we focus on serving (for example, technology, private equity or venture capital) may also damage our reputation. Any such damage to our reputation and relationships could in turn lead to a material adverse effect on our business. Whereas negative public opinion once was primarily driven by adverse news coverage in traditional media, the increased use of social media platforms facilitates the rapid dissemination of information or misinformation, which magnifies the potential harm to our reputation. In addition, the behavior of our employees, including with respect to our employees’ use of social media, subjects us to potential negative publicity if such behavior does not align with our high standards of integrity or fails to comply with regulations or accepted practices. An ineffective risk management framework could have a material adverse effect on our strategic planning and our ability to mitigate risks and/or losses and could have adverse regulatory consequences. We have implemented a risk management framework to identify and manage our risk exposure. This framework is comprised of various processes, systems and strategies, and is designed to manage the types of risk to which we are subject, including, among others, credit, market, liquidity, operational, capital, compliance, strategic and reputational risks. Our framework also includes financial, analytical, forecasting or other modeling methodologies, which involve management assumptions and judgment. In addition, our Board of Directors, in consultation with management, has adopted a risk appetite statement, which sets forth certain thresholds and limits to govern our overall risk profile. However, there is no assurance that our risk management framework, including the risk metrics under our risk appetite statement, will be effective under all circumstances or that it will adequately identify, manage or mitigate any risk or loss to us. If our risk management framework is not effective, we could suffer unexpected losses and become subject to regulatory consequences, as a result of which our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects could be materially adversely affected. We do not currently pay dividends on shares of our common stock and may not do so in the future. Holders of shares of our capital stock are only entitled to receive such dividends as our Board of Directors may declare out of funds legally available for such payments. We do not currently pay dividends on our common stock and have no current plans to do so. Furthermore, the terms of our outstanding preferred stock prohibit us from declaring or paying any dividends on any junior series of our capital stock, including our common stock, or from repurchasing, redeeming or acquiring such junior stock, unless we have declared and paid full dividends on our outstanding preferred stock for the most recently completed dividend period. We are also subject to statutory and regulatory limitations on our ability to pay dividends on our capital stock. If we are unable to satisfy the capital requirements applicable to us for any reason, we may be limited in our ability to declare and pay dividends on our capital stock. Risks Relating to Our Pending Acquisition of Boston Private We cannot ensure that the proposed Boston Private acquisition will be completed. We cannot ensure that the proposed Boston Private acquisition will be completed. There are a number of risks and uncertainties relating to the Boston Private acquisition. For example, the Boston Private acquisition may not be completed, or may not be completed in the timeframe, on the terms or in the manner currently anticipated, as a result of a number of factors, including, among other things, the failure of one or more of the conditions to closing. There can be no assurance that the conditions to closing of the Boston Private acquisition will be satisfied or waived or that other events will not intervene to delay or result in the failure to close the Boston Private acquisition. The Boston Private merger agreement may be terminated by the parties thereto under certain circumstances. Any delay in closing or a failure to close could have a negative impact on our business and the trading price of our securities. 33 Table of Contents In addition, to complete the Boston Private acquisition, we need to obtain approvals or consents from, and make filings with, certain applicable governmental authorities, which include the Federal Reserve, the DFPI and the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks. While we believe that we will receive all required approvals for the Boston Private acquisition, there can be no assurance as to the receipt or timing of receipt of these approvals. The receipt of such approvals may be conditional upon actions that we are not obligated to take under the Boston Private merger agreement, which could result in the termination of the Boston Private merger agreement by us, or, if such approvals are received, their terms could have a detrimental impact on us following the completion of the Boston Private acquisition. A substantial delay in obtaining any required authorizations, approvals or consents, or the imposition of unfavorable terms, conditions or restrictions contained in such authorizations, approvals or consents, could prevent the completion of the Boston Private acquisition or have an adverse effect on the anticipated benefits of the Boston Private acquisition, thereby adversely impacting our business, financial condition or results of operations. We may fail to realize the growth prospects and other benefits anticipated as a result of the Boston Private acquisition. The success of the Boston Private acquisition will depend, in part, on our ability to realize the anticipated business opportunities and growth prospects from the Boston Private acquisition. We may never realize these business opportunities and growth prospects. The Boston Private acquisition and related integration will require significant efforts and expenditures. Our management might have its attention diverted while trying to integrate operations and corporate and administrative infrastructures and the cost of integration may exceed our expectations. We currently expect to incur approximately $200 million of restructuring costs in connection with the transaction and to take an additional write-down on Boston Private’s loan portfolio at closing. We may also be required to make unanticipated capital expenditures or investments in order to maintain, improve or sustain the acquired operations or take write-offs or impairment charges and may be subject to unanticipated or unknown liabilities relating to the Boston Private acquisition. In addition, the success of the Boston Private acquisition will depend in part on our ability to retain Boston Private’s employees and clients. If we are unable, for any reason, to retain key employees or clients, we may not realize the anticipated benefits of the transaction. If any of these factors limit our ability to complete the Boston Private acquisition and integration of operations successfully or on a timely basis, our expectations of future results of operations following the Boston Private acquisition might not be met. In addition, it is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key employees, the disruption of ongoing businesses, tax costs or inefficiencies, or inconsistencies in standards, controls, information technology systems, procedures and policies, any of which could adversely affect our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of the Boston Private acquisition and could harm our financial performance. General Risk Factors If we fail to retain key employees or recruit new employees, or if we are unable to effectively manage the growth of our employee base, our growth and results of operations could be adversely affected. We rely on key personnel, including a substantial number of employees who have technical expertise in their subject matter area and a strong network of relationships with individuals and institutions in the markets we serve. In addition, as we expand into international markets, we will need to hire local personnel within those markets. Further, competition for key personnel is substantial and may increase, particularly if new competitors seek to enter one of our markets or existing market participants seek to increase their market share. If we were to have less success in recruiting and retaining these employees than our competitors, for reasons including domestic or foreign regulatory restrictions on compensation practices, inability to effectively address issues related to human capital management, or the availability of more attractive opportunities elsewhere, our growth and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, we have experienced meaningful growth in our employee base in recent years. The number of our full-time equivalent employees increased from 3,564 at December 31, 2019 to 4,461 at December 31, 2020, and is expected to continue to increase through our organic growth, as well as through potential acquisitions, such as our pending acquisition of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. If this growth places strain on our operations, corporate culture or human capital management practices, or if we are unable to adequately integrate new employees or to maintain employee satisfaction, our growth and results of operations could be adversely impacted. Moreover, equity awards are an important component of our compensation program, especially for our executive officers and other members of senior management. The extent of shares available for grant in connection with such equity awards pursuant to our incentive compensation plans is generally subject to stockholder approval. If we do not have sufficient shares to grant to existing or new employees, there could be an adverse effect on our recruiting and retention efforts, which could impact our growth and results of operations. If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results. As a result, current and potential holders of our securities could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our securities. 34 Table of Contents Maintaining and adapting our internal controls over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules and regulations of the SEC, can be costly and require significant management attention. As we continue to grow or acquire additional businesses, our internal controls may become more complex and require additional resources to ensure they remain effective amidst dynamic regulatory and other guidance. Failure to maintain effective controls or implement required new or improved controls or difficulties encountered in the process may harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. If we or our independent registered accounting firm identify material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting or if we are otherwise required to restate our financial statements, we could be required to implement costly and time-consuming remedial measures and could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports. We may also face regulatory enforcement or other actions, including the potential delisting of our common stock from the NASDAQ Stock Market. This could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, as well as the trading price of our securities, and could potentially subject us to litigation. Changes in accounting standards could materially impact our financial statements. From time to time, the FASB or the SEC may change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. Also, our global initiatives, as well as continuing trends towards the convergence of international accounting standards, such as rules that may be adopted under the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), may result in our Company being subject to new or changing accounting and reporting standards. In addition, the bodies that interpret the accounting standards (such as banking regulators or external auditors) may change their interpretations or positions on how these standards should be applied. These changes may be beyond our control, can be hard to predict and can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition or results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retrospectively, or apply an existing standard differently, also retrospectively, in each case resulting in our revising or restating prior period financial statements. We could be adversely affected by changes in tax laws and regulations or their interpretations. We are subject to the income tax laws of the United States, its constituent states and municipalities and those of the foreign jurisdictions in which we have business operations. These tax laws are complex and may be subject to different interpretations. We must make judgments and interpretations about the application of these inherently complex tax laws when determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and our valuation allowance. Changes to the tax laws, including as a result of the changes in the U.S. presidential administration and the U.S. Congress, administrative rulings or court decisions could increase our provision for income taxes and reduce our net income. We rely on quantitative models to measure risks and to estimate certain financial values. Quantitative models may be used to help manage certain aspects of our business and to assist with certain business decisions, including estimating credit losses, measuring the fair value of financial instruments when reliable market prices are unavailable, estimating the effects of changing interest rates and other market measures on our financial condition and results of operations, and managing risk. However, all models have certain limitations. For example, our measurement methodologies rely on many assumptions, historical analyses and correlations. These assumptions may not capture or fully incorporate conditions leading to losses, particularly in times of market distress, and the historical correlations on which we rely may no longer be relevant. Additionally, as businesses and markets evolve, our measurements may not accurately reflect the changing environment. Further, even if the underlying assumptions and historical correlations used in our models are adequate, our models may be deficient due to errors in computer code, bad data, misuse of data, or the use of a model for a purpose outside the scope of the model’s design. Although we employ strategies to manage and govern the risks associated with our use of models, they may not be effective or fully reliable. As a result, our models may not capture or fully express the risks we face, suggest that we have sufficient capitalization when we do not, lead us to misjudge the business and economic environment in which we operate and ultimately cause planning failures or the reporting of incorrect information to our regulators. Any such occurrence or the perception of such occurrence by our regulators, investors or clients could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or reputation. The price of our capital stock may be volatile or may decline. The trading price of our capital stock may fluctuate or be adversely affected as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside our control, including trading volumes that affect the market prices of the shares of many companies. Factors that could affect the trading price of our capital stock include: • • • actual or anticipated quarterly fluctuations in our operating results and financial condition; changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports and recommendations by financial analysts; failure to meet analysts’ revenue or earnings estimates; 35 Table of Contents speculation in the press or investment community; strategic actions by us or our competitors; actions by institutional stockholders; fluctuations in the stock price and operating results of our competitors; general market conditions and, in particular, developments related to market conditions for the financial services industry; actual or anticipated changes in interest rates; • • • • • • • market perceptions about the innovation economy, including levels of funding or “exit” activities of companies in the industries we serve; • • • proposed or adopted regulatory changes or developments; anticipated or pending investigations, proceedings or litigation that involve or affect us; and domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance. The trading price of the shares of our common stock and depositary shares representing fractional interests in our preferred stock and the value of our other securities will further depend on many factors, which may change from time to time, including, without limitation, our financial condition, performance, creditworthiness and prospects, and future sales of our equity or equity-related securities. In some cases, the markets have produced downward pressure on trading prices of capital stock and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength. A significant decline in the trading price of our capital stock could result in substantial losses for individual stockholders and could lead to costly and disruptive securities litigation, as well as the loss of key employees. Our capital stock is subordinate to our existing and future indebtedness. Our capital stock, including our common stock and depositary shares representing fractional interests in our preferred stock, ranks junior to all of SVB Financial’s existing and future indebtedness and other non-equity claims with respect to assets available to satisfy claims against us, including claims in the event of our liquidation. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future to increase our capital resources or if our total capital ratio or the total capital ratio of the Bank falls below the required minimums. Furthermore, our common stock is subordinate to our outstanding preferred stock. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES Our corporate headquarters facility consists of two buildings and is located at 3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, California. We currently occupy 157,177 square feet at such location. The lease will expire on September 30, 2024, unless terminated earlier or extended. We currently operate 30 regional offices in the United States as well as offices outside the United States. All of our office properties are occupied under leases or license agreements, which expire at various dates through 2031, and in most instances include options to renew or extend at market rates and terms. Our Global Commercial Bank operations are principally conducted out of our corporate headquarters in Santa Clara, California and our office in Tempe, Arizona, and our lending teams operate out of the various regional and international offices. SVB Private Bank and SVB Capital principally operate out of our Menlo Park, California offices. SVB Leerink principally operates out of our Boston, Massachusetts and New York, New York offices. We believe that our properties are in good condition and suitable for the conduct of our business. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The information set forth under Note 27—“Legal Matters” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 36 Table of Contents PART II. ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Market Information Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "SIVB". Holders As of January 31, 2021, there were 576 registered holders of our common stock. We believe there were approximately 148,967 beneficial holders of common stock whose shares were held in the name of brokerage firms or other financial institutions. We are not provided with the number or identities of all of these stockholders, but we have estimated the number of such stockholders from the number of stockholder documents requested by these brokerage firms for distribution to their customers. Dividends SVB Financial does not currently pay cash dividends on our common stock. We have not paid any cash dividends since 1992. Our Board of Directors evaluates whether to pay cash dividends, taking into consideration such factors as it considers relevant, including our current and projected financial performance, our projected sources and uses of capital, general economic conditions, considerations relating to our current and potential stockholder base, applicable regulatory requirements, and relevant tax laws. Our ability to pay cash dividends is also limited by generally applicable corporate and banking laws and regulations. See “Business-Supervision and Regulation-Restrictions on Dividends” under Part I, Item 1 of this report. Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans The information required by this Item regarding equity compensation plans is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this report. Repurchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers The $350 million stock repurchase program authorized by the Company's Board of Directors and announced on October 24, 2019, expired on October 29, 2020. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock under the stock repurchase program. Performance Graph The following information is not deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” with the SEC or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and the report shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any prior or subsequent filing by the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. The following graph compares, for the period from December 31, 2015 through December 31, 2020, the cumulative total stockholder return on the common stock of the Company with (i) the cumulative total return of the Standard and Poor's 500 (“S&P 500”) Index, (ii) the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Composite index, and (iii) the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Bank Index. The graph assumes an initial investment of $100 and reinvestment of dividends. The graph is not indicative of future stock price performance. 37 Table of Contents Comparison of 5 Year Cumulative Total Return* st Fiscal year ended December 31 . Copyright 2021 Standard & Poor's, a division of S&P Global. All rights reserved. © stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. * $100 invested on 12/31/15 in SVB Financial Group S&P 500 NASDAQ Composite NASDAQ Bank December 31, $ 2015 100.00 $ 100.00 100.00 100.00 2016 144.37 $ 111.96 108.87 137.14 2017 196.61 $ 136.40 141.13 145.21 2018 159.73 $ 130.42 137.12 120.76 2019 211.14 $ 171.49 187.44 150.06 2020 326.18 203.04 271.64 138.59 38 Table of Contents ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and supplementary data as presented under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 is derived from audited financial statements presented separately herein, while information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 is derived from audited financial statements not presented separately within. (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts and ratios) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Year ended December 31, Income statement summary: Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Income tax expense Net income before noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Preferred stock dividends Net income available to common stockholders Common share summary: Earnings per common share—basic Earnings per common share—diluted Book value per common share Weighted average shares outstanding—basic Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted Year-end balance sheet summary: Available-for-sale securities Held-to-maturity securities Loans, amortized cost Total assets Deposits Short-term borrowings Long-term debt SVBFG stockholders' equity Average balance sheet summary: Available-for-sale securities Held-to-maturity securities Loans, amortized cost Total assets Deposits Short-term borrowings Long-term debt SVBFG common stockholders' equity Capital ratios: SVBFG CET 1 risk-based capital ratio SVBFG total risk-based capital ratio SVBFG tier 1 risk-based capital ratio SVBFG tier 1 leverage ratio SVBFG tangible common equity to tangible assets (1) SVBFG tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (1) Bank CET 1 risk-based capital ratio Bank total risk-based capital ratio Bank tier 1 risk-based capital ratio Bank tier 1 leverage ratio Bank tangible common equity to tangible assets (1) Bank tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (1) Average SVBFG stockholders' equity to average assets Selected financial results: Return on average assets Return on average SVBFG common stockholders' equity Net interest margin Gross loan charge-offs to average total loans Net loan charge-offs to average total loans Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets Allowance for credit losses for loans as a percentage of total loans $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,156,284 (219,510) 1,840,148 (2,035,041) 1,741,881 (447,587) 1,294,294 (85,926) (17,151) 1,191,217 23.05 22.87 151.86 51,685 52,084 30,912,438 16,592,153 45,181,488 115,511,007 101,981,807 20,553 843,628 8,219,700 18,652,580 13,113,300 37,265,976 85,791,659 75,015,430 401,159 632,266 7,079,356 11.04 % 12.64 11.89 7.45 6.66 11.87 10.70 11.49 10.70 6.43 6.24 11.58 8.25 1.39 % 16.83 2.67 0.28 0.20 0.09 0.99 $ $ $ $ $ 2,096,601 (106,416) 1,221,479 (1,601,262) 1,610,402 (425,685) 1,184,717 (47,861) — 1,136,856 21.90 21.73 118.67 51,915 52,311 14,014,919 13,842,946 33,164,636 71,004,903 61,757,807 17,430 347,987 6,470,307 9,597,712 14,672,342 29,916,207 63,211,630 55,056,950 144,545 685,445 5,674,531 12.58 % 14.23 13.43 9.06 8.39 12.76 11.12 11.96 11.12 7.30 7.24 11.31 8.98 1.80 % 20.03 3.51 0.31 0.24 0.15 0.91 $ $ $ $ $ 1,893,988 (87,870) 744,984 (1,188,193) 1,362,909 (351,561) 1,011,348 (37,508) — 973,840 18.35 18.11 97.29 53,078 53,772 7,790,043 15,487,442 28,338,280 56,927,979 49,328,900 631,412 696,465 5,116,209 9,789,211 14,997,846 25,630,520 55,229,060 48,075,344 643,886 695,938 4,734,417 13.41 % 14.45 13.58 9.06 8.99 13.28 12.41 13.32 12.41 8.10 8.13 12.28 8.57 1.76 % 20.57 3.57 0.26 0.22 0.17 0.99 $ $ $ $ $ 1,420,369 (92,304) 557,231 (1,010,655) 874,641 (355,463) 519,178 (28,672) — 490,506 9.33 9.20 79.11 52,588 53,306 11,120,664 12,663,455 23,106,316 51,214,467 44,254,075 1,033,730 695,492 4,179,795 12,424,137 9,984,610 21,159,394 48,380,272 42,745,148 48,505 766,943 3,961,405 12.78 % 13.96 12.97 8.34 8.16 12.77 12.06 13.04 12.06 7.56 7.47 11.98 8.19 1.01 % 12.38 3.05 0.31 0.27 0.23 1.10 1,150,523 (106,679) 456,552 (859,797) 640,599 (250,333) 390,266 (7,581) — 382,685 7.37 7.31 69.71 51,915 52,349 12,620,411 8,426,998 19,899,944 44,683,660 38,979,868 512,668 795,704 3,642,554 13,331,315 8,192,183 18,283,591 43,987,451 38,759,059 220,251 796,302 3,509,526 12.80 % 14.21 13.26 8.34 8.15 12.89 12.65 13.66 12.65 7.67 7.77 12.75 7.98 0.87 % 10.90 2.72 0.53 0.46 0.27 1.13 (1) See “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Capital Resources-Capital Ratios” under Part II, Item 7 of this report for a reconciliation of non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets and tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets. 39 Table of Contents ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with "Selected Consolidated Financial Data" under Part II, Item 6 and our audited consolidated financial statements and supplementary data as presented under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations. For a comparison of 2019 results to 2018 results and other 2018 information not included herein, refer “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under Part II, Item 7 of our 2019 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2020. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations contains forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. See our cautionary language at the beginning of this report under “Forward-Looking Statements”. Actual results could differ materially because of various factors, including but not limited to those discussed in “Risk Factors,” under Part I, Item 1A of this report. st Our fiscal year ends December 31 and, unless otherwise noted, references to years or fiscal years are for fiscal years ended December 31 . st Overview of Company Operations SVB Financial is a diversified financial services company, as well as a bank holding company and a financial holding company. SVB Financial was incorporated in the state of Delaware in March 1999. Through our various subsidiaries and divisions, we offer a variety of banking and financial products and services. For more than 35 years, we have been dedicated to helping innovative companies and their investors succeed, especially in the technology, life science/healthcare, private equity/venture capital and premium wine industries. We provide our clients of all sizes and stages with a diverse set of products and services to support them through all stages of their life cycles, and key innovation markets around the world. We offer commercial and private banking products and services through our principal subsidiary, the Bank, which is a California-state chartered bank founded in 1983 and a member of the Federal Reserve System. Through its subsidiaries, the Bank also offers asset management, private wealth management and other investment services. In addition, through SVB Financial's other subsidiaries and divisions, we also offer investment banking services and non-banking products and services, such as funds management, M&A advisory services and venture capital and private equity investment. Management’s Overview of 2020 Financial Performance Overall, our performance in 2020 reflected the resilience of our markets and our ability to execute effectively. In spite of a near zero market rate environment for most of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and adoption of CECL, we had a record year with strong profitability and unprecedented balance sheet growth fueled by continued strong client fundraising and exit activity. Additionally, we had investment banking revenue which exceeded our expectations, stable credit and outsized warrant and investment gains. During 2020, we managed through the COVID-19 pandemic by utilizing our business continuity plans to maintain client service while most of our employees and partners worked from home. We supported and engaged with clients virtually, including the hosting of remote events designed to facilitate our response to the business needs of our clients within the innovation ecosystem. We also successfully administered client support initiatives, such as those which allowed temporary payment deferrals and other relief provided through the PPP. We provided employees extended benefits, as well as practical support for working from home. Additionally, we committed financial support for local, regional and global activities focused on health security, food security and shelter, and small business owner relief during this unprecedented time. Our core business continued to perform well as a result of our ongoing focus on innovation companies and their investors and continued efforts to secure client relationships. We saw continued success in working with private equity/venture capital firms and life science/healthcare clients as well as clients in our private banking division. Additionally, on January 4, 2021, we announced our acquisition of Boston Private Financial Holdings, which we expect to close in mid- 2021, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. We believe this acquisition will significantly accelerate and scale the growth of our private bank and wealth management strategy, advance our expertise, products and technology; and provide the opportunity to deepen our client relationships. Recent Developments - COVID-19 The current global health crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented challenges and volatility in economic, market and business conditions. It has caused significant economic and financial disruptions that have adversely affected, and are likely to continue to adversely affect, our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot predict at this time the scope and duration of the pandemic, as COVID-19 has not yet been contained and the number of cases remains elevated and may continue to increase in many locations, including in the United States and other 40 Table of Contents international locations in which we operate. Moreover, the impact of COVID-19 on economic, market and business conditions is likely to be exacerbated if uncontained for a prolonged period of time, and even if it is contained, there may be a seasonal or other resurgence of the pandemic as we have seen domestically and internationally. While there have been varying governmental and other responses to slow or control the spread of COVID-19 and to mitigate the adverse impact of COVID-19, such as stay at home orders, restrictions on business activities, economic relief for individuals and businesses, and monetary policy measures, such responses have met varying degrees of success, and it remains uncertain whether these actions will be successful as the pandemic continues. The global spread of COVID-19 accelerated in March 2020 at which time it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Since then, we have been focused on our business and human response to the crisis --- managing and operating our business as seamlessly as possible, and supporting our clients, employees and communities as we weather the crisis together. During this volatile time, we remain focused on our capital and liquidity. We are “well-capitalized,” remaining above all applicable regulatory capital requirements. We have a liquid and high-quality balance sheet, with approximately half of our assets as of December 31, 2020 held in cash and marketable securities, primarily agency-backed mortgage securities and U.S. Treasuries. We also have access to other funding sources, as necessary. Moreover, we paused our stock repurchase program, and the program expired on October 29, 2020. In addition, we have also elected to use a phase-in transitional approach for the estimated impact of CECL on our regulatory capital, as permitted by the 2020 CECL Transition Rule. The uncertainties of the duration and severity of the effect of COVID-19 on economic, market and business conditions have made it more difficult to forecast our operating results and the macroeconomic conditions to which our business is subject. Some notable negative effects emerged late in the first quarter and continued through the fourth quarter, as discussed in this Management Discussion and Analysis section, but any longer-term effects or trends remain subject to significant uncertainty. Moreover, we are subject to heightened business, operational (including fraud), market, credit and other risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. (See “Risk Factors” under Part II, Item 1A of this report) We continue to serve our clients during this difficult time, while managing our credit risk. During the fourth quarter, we continued to provide special debt relief assistance to support certain clients who are experiencing financial hardships related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including offering certain venture-backed companies, Private Bank, Wine and other clients the opportunity to temporarily defer their scheduled loan principal payments. We continue to engage with our clients to understand client needs, and we may implement additional assistance or other relief to support clients across various sectors and life stages. Additionally, we continue to participate as a lender in the PPP and the second draw loan program under the CARES Act and the U.K. Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme ("CBILS") and Coronavirus Large Business Interruption Loan Scheme ("CLBILS"), and may participate in other government relief programs in the U.S. or internationally. These government programs are complex and our participation in any of these programs may lead to governmental, regulatory and other scrutiny, litigation, negative publicity and reputation damage for us and our customers who participate. For example, like many other participating banks in the United States, we have been named in various lawsuits regarding the right to agent fees under the PPP. Overall, these relief measures, whether our own programs or our participation in government programs, are new programs for us and we may not be successful in implementing or administering the programs as intended. Further, the extent to which these programs are successful in assisting our clients is uncertain. These relief programs are temporary in nature, such as the PPP, and our loan payment deferral programs, which expired during the second half of the year (certain of our programs ended in the third quarter with the remaining ending by year end). Our clients may experience financial difficulties without the continued support from these programs. If these relief measures are not effective, or if they are effective for only a limited period and our clients experience delayed financial hardship, there may be an adverse effect on our revenue and results of operations, including increased provisions in our allowance for credit losses, higher rates of default and increased credit losses in future periods. We are also prioritizing the safety and well-being of our employees. In March 2020, we activated our business continuity and pandemic plans globally, moving to a work-from-home plan, prohibiting all business travel, postponing or moving online all SVB-hosted events, and enabling remote access to our systems. We have implemented various programs to provide work, life and health-related support for our employees, ranging from expanded time-off, counseling and medical benefits for employees directly impacted by COVID-19, to providing reimbursements and practical support for working from home. In addition, we are also developing a plan for employees to eventually return to work in our offices, which will be subject to a variety of complex considerations. While much of our workforce continues to work from home through the crisis (currently expected until July 2021, subject to further extensions or other changes) and perhaps to some extent beyond the crisis, in the event that we allow an increase in remote working practices even after the pandemic subsides, we will need to continue to provide support to our employees to work effectively in a remote environment, taking into consideration needs relating to technology, physical working conditions, work/life balance, and continued team collaboration. 41 Table of Contents Moreover, consistent with our tradition of supporting and giving back to our communities, we have also committed $5.5 million to local, regional and global COVID-19 relief activities in various U.S. and international locations where we have offices. This includes corporate contributions to global, national and regional charities, direct community-based giving, and a 3:1 match for employees’ donations to relevant causes. Additionally, we have donated approximately $20 million in PPP fees received from the SBA, net of our costs incurred, to charitable relief efforts. Although the effects of the pandemic remain uncertain, for the year ending 2021, we currently expect growth in average on-balance sheet deposits and average loans and stable core fees. While credit metrics have been stable to date, we continue to monitor our portfolio vigilantly, in light of continued economic uncertainty, fading government stimulus and expiring deferral programs. Additionally, volatile equity markets, IPO and M&A activity may impact investment banking and market-sensitive revenues. Even after the pandemic subsides, it is possible that the U.S. and other major economies will continue to experience a prolonged recession, which we expect would materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital and results of operations. Results for the fiscal year ended, and as of, December 31, 2020 (compared to the fiscal year ended, and as of, December 31, 2019, where applicable): BALANCE SHEET Assets. $85.8 billion in average total assets (up 35.7%). $115.5 billion in period-end total assets (up 62.7%). Loans. $37.3 billion in average total loan balances, amortized cost (up 24.6%). $45.2 billion in period-end total loan balances, amortized cost (up 36.2%). Total Client Funds. (on-balance sheet deposits and off-balance sheet client investment funds). $192.8 billion in average total client fund balances (up 31.5%). $243.0 billion in period-end total client fund balances (up 51.0%). AFS/HTM Fixed Income Investments. $31.8 billion in average fixed income investment securities (up 30.9%). $47.5 billion in period-end fixed income investment securities (up 70.5%). EARNINGS EPS. Earnings per diluted share of $22.87 (up 5.2%). Net Income. Consolidated net income available to common stockholders of $1.19 billion (up 4.8%). - Net interest income of $2.16 billion (up 2.8%). - Net interest margin of 2.67% (down 84bps). - Noninterest income of $1.84 billion (up 50.6%), non-GAAP core fee income of $603.2 million (down 6.0%) and non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue of $480.6 million (up 91.1%). ++ + - Noninterest expense of $2.04 billion (up 27.1%). ROE. Return on average equity (“ROE”) performance of 16.83% (down 16.0%). Operating Efficiency Ratio. Operating efficiency ratio of 50.92% with a +++ non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio of 55.90% . CAPITAL CREDIT QUALITY ++++ Capital . Continued strong capital, with all capital ratios considered "well-capitalized" under banking regulations. SVBFG and SVB capital ratios, respectively, were: - CET 1 risk-based capital ratio of 11.04% and 10.70%. - Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 11.89% and 10.70%. - Total risk-based capital ratio of 12.64% and 11.49%. - Tier 1 leverage ratio of 7.45% and 6.43%. Credit Quality. Stable credit in an evolving credit environment. - Allowance for credit losses of 0.99% as a percentage of period-end total loans. - Allowance for unfunded credit commitments of 0.38% as a percentage of total unfunded credit commitments. - Provision for loans of 0.42% as a percentage of total loans. - Net loan charge-offs of 0.20% as a percentage of average total loans. + Consists of fee income from client investments, foreign exchange, credit cards, deposit services, lending related activities and letters of credit and standby letters of credit. This is a non- ++ +++ GAAP financial measure. (See the non-GAAP reconciliation under “Results of Operations—Noninterest Income”). Consists of investment banking revenue and commissions. This is a non-GAAP financial measure. (See the non-GAAP reconciliation under “Results of Operations—Noninterest Income”). This ratio excludes certain financial line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control and excludes SVB Leerink revenue and expenses as well as other non-recurring expenses. It is calculated by dividing noninterest expense after adjusting for noninterest expense attributable to SVB Leerink and other non-recurring expenses by total revenue after adjusting for noninterest income attributable to SVB Leerink, net gains or losses on investment securities and equity warrant assets, investment banking revenue and commissions. Additionally, noninterest expense and total revenue are adjusted for income or losses and expenses attributable to noncontrolling interests and adjustments to net interest income for a taxable equivalent basis. This is a non-GAAP financial measure. (See the non-GAAP reconciliation under "Results of Operations-Noninterest Expense"). In March 2020, the federal banking agencies provided transitional relief to banking organizations with respect to the impact of CECL on regulatory capital. Under the 2020 CECL Transition Rule, banking organizations may delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital for two years, followed by a three-year period to phase out the aggregate capital benefit provided during the initial two-year delay. We have elected to use this five-year transition option. For additional details, see "Capital Resources" within "Consolidated Financial Condition" under Part 1, Item 2 of this report. ++++ 42 Table of Contents A summary of our performance in 2020 compared to 2019 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts, employees and ratios) Income Statement: Diluted earnings per share Net income available to common stockholders Net interest income Net interest margin Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense Non-GAAP core fee income (1) Non-GAAP core fee income, plus SVB Leerink Revenue (1) Non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue (1) Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests (1) Non-GAAP noninterest expense, net of noncontrolling interests (2) Balance Sheet: Average available-for-sale-securities Average held-to-maturity securities Average loans, amortized cost Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits Average interest-bearing deposits Average total deposits Earnings Ratios: Return on average assets (3) Return on average SVBFG common stockholders’ equity (4) Asset Quality Ratios: Allowance for credit losses for loans as a percentage of total period-end total loans (5) Allowance for credit losses for performing loans as a percentage of total performing loans (5) Gross loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total loans (5) Net loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total loans (5) Capital Ratios: SVBFG CET 1 risk-based capital ratio SVBFG total risk-based capital ratio SVBFG tier 1 risk-based capital ratio SVBFG tier 1 leverage ratio SVBFG tangible common equity to tangible assets (6) SVBFG tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (66) Bank CET 1 risk-based capital ratio Bank total risk-based capital ratio Bank tier 1 risk-based capital ratio Bank tier 1 leverage ratio Bank tangible common equity to tangible assets (6) Bank tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (6) Other Ratios: GAAP operating efficiency ratio (7) Non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio (2) Total costs of deposits (8) Book value per common share (9) Tangible book value per common share (10) Other Statistics: Average full-time equivalent employees Period-end full-time equivalent employees 43 $ $ $ $ 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 % Change $ $ $ 22.87 1,191,217 2,156,284 2.67 % 219,510 1,840,148 2,035,041 603,198 1,083,823 480,625 1,753,773 2,034,566 18,652,580 13,113,300 37,265,976 50,192,642 24,822,788 75,015,430 1.39 % 16.83 0.99 % 0.87 0.28 0.20 11.04 % 12.64 11.89 7.45 6.66 11.87 10.70 11.49 10.70 6.43 6.24 11.58 21.73 1,136,856 2,096,601 3.51 % 106,416 1,221,479 1,601,262 641,838 893,361 251,523 1,172,855 1,600,427 9,597,712 14,672,342 29,916,207 38,783,470 16,273,480 55,056,950 5.2 % 4.8 2.8 (84) bps 106.3 % 50.6 27.1 (6.0) 21.3 91.1 49.5 27.1 94.3 % (10.6) 24.6 29.4 52.5 36.3 1.80 % 20.03 (22.8) % (16.0) 0.91 % 0.78 0.31 0.24 12.58 % 14.23 13.43 9.06 8.39 12.76 11.12 11.96 11.12 7.30 7.24 11.31 8 bps 9 (3) (4) (154) bps (159) (154) (161) (173) (89) (42) (47) (42) (87) (100) 27 50.92 % 55.90 0.08 151.86 147.92 $ 4,040 4,461 48.26 % 48.06 0.32 118.67 115.05 5.5 % 16.3 (75.0) 28.0 28.6 3,362 3,564 20.2 % 25.2 Table of Contents (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) See “Results of Operations–Noninterest Income” for a description and reconciliation of non-GAAP core fee income, non-GAAP core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue and non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue. See “Results of Operations–Noninterest Expense” for a description and reconciliation of non-GAAP noninterest expense and non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio. Ratio represents consolidated net income available to common stockholders divided by average assets. Ratio represents consolidated net income available to common stockholders divided by average SVBFG common stockholders’ equity. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the ratios are calculated using the amortized cost basis for total loans as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period ratios were calculated using total gross loans in accordance with previous methodology. See “Capital Resources–Capital Ratios” for a reconciliation of non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets and tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets. The operating efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing total noninterest expense by total net interest income plus noninterest income. Ratio represents total cost of deposits and is calculated by dividing interest expense from deposits by average total deposits. Book value per common share is calculated by dividing total SVBFG common stockholders’ equity by total outstanding common shares at period-end. Tangible book value per common share is calculated by dividing tangible common equity by total outstanding common shares at period-end. Tangible common equity is a non-GAAP measure defined under the section “Capital Resources-Capital Ratios.” Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our accounting policies are fundamental to understanding our financial condition and results of operations. We have identified one policy as being critical because it requires us to make particularly difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain, and because it is likely that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and we base these estimates on historical experiences and various other factors and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. This critical accounting policy addresses the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded credit commitments. Our senior management has discussed and reviewed the development, selection, application and disclosure of this critical accounting policy with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. We disclose our method and approach for this accounting policy in Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Allowance for Credit Losses We consider this accounting policy to be critical as estimation of expected credit losses involves material management estimates and is susceptible to significant changes in the near-term. Determining the allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded credit commitments requires us to make forecasts that are highly uncertain and require a high degree of judgment. A committee comprised of senior management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses for loans, which includes review of loan portfolio segmentation, quantitative models, internal and external data inputs, economic forecasts, credit risk ratings and qualitative adjustments. Expected Credit Losses Estimate for Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments The methodology for estimating the amount of expected credit losses ("ECL") reported in the allowance for credit losses is the sum of two main components: (1) ECL assessed on a collective basis for pools of loans and unfunded credit commitments that share similar risk characteristics and (2) ECL assessed for individual loans and unfunded credit commitments that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans. Estimating the amount of ECL involves significant judgment on various matters including the assessment of risk characteristics, assignment of risk ratings, development and weighting of macroeconomic forecasts, and incorporation of historical loss experience. We derive an estimated ECL using three predictive metrics: (1) probability of default ("PD"), (2) loss given default ("LGD") and (3) exposure at default ("EAD"), over the estimated life of the exposure. PD and LGD assumptions are developed based on quantitative models and inherent risk of credit loss, both of which involve significant judgment. One of the most significant areas of judgment involved in estimating the allowance for credit losses relates to the macroeconomic forecasts used to estimate credit losses. The selection of variables used in our econometric models varies by loan portfolio, but typically includes real gross domestic product ("GDP") growth and unemployment rates. Changes in management’s assumptions and forecasts could significantly affect its estimate of expected credit losses across various risk-based segments. For example, macroeconomic conditions and forecasts related to the duration and severity of the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have been rapidly changing and remain highly uncertain. Alternative forecasts considered could have significant impact on the ECL. To the extent the remaining contractual lives of loans in the portfolio extend beyond this three-year period, we revert to historical averages using an autoregressive method of mean reversion that will continue to gradually trend towards the mean historical loss over the remaining contractual lives of loans, adjusted for prepayments. The macroeconomic scenarios are reviewed on a quarterly basis. 44 Table of Contents We also apply certain qualitative factor adjustments to the results obtained through our quantitative ECL models to consider model imprecision, emerging risk assessments, trends and other subjective factors that may not be adequately represented in the quantitative ECL models. These adjustments to historical loss information are for asset specific risk characteristics, and also reflect our assessment of the extent that current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts differ from conditions that existed during the period over which historical information was evaluated. Given the current processes and risk monitoring by the Bank, management believes the combination of the quantitative model results and the qualitative factor adjustment represents a reasonable and appropriate estimate of ECL. Allowance for Loan Losses and Allowance for Unfunded Credit Commitments For our method and approach for our critical accounting policy related to the allowance for loan losses and allowance for unfunded credit commitments, which were superseded by recently adopted accounting standards in 2020, please refer to Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Adoption of New Accounting Standards Financial Instruments - Credit Losses In June 2016, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standard Update (ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments), which amends the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects a current expected credit loss measurement to estimate the allowance for credit losses over the contractual life of the financial assets (including loans, unfunded credit commitments and HTM securities) and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. While the CECL model does not apply to available-for-sale debt securities, ASU 2016-13 does require entities to record an allowance for credit losses when recognizing credit losses for available-for-sale securities, rather than reduce the amortized cost of the securities by direct write-offs, which allows for reversal of credit impairments in future periods based on improvements in credit. We adopted the guidance on January 1, 2020, using a modified retrospective approach. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying CECL as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings, net of tax. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We completed a comprehensive implementation process that included loss forecasting model development, evaluation of technical accounting topics, updates to our allowance for credit loss accounting policies, reporting processes and related internal controls, overall operational readiness for our adoption of CECL as well as parallel runs for CECL alongside our previous allowance process. We provided quarterly updates to senior management and to the Audit and Credit Committees of the Board of Directors throughout the implementation process. For additional details regarding our allowance for credit losses methodology, see Note 9—“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Based on our loan, unfunded credit commitment and HTM security portfolios composition at December 31, 2019, and the then current economic environment, the cumulative effect of the changes to our consolidated balance sheets at January 1, 2020, for the adoption of CECL were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Assets: Allowance for credit losses: loans Allowance for credit losses: held-to-maturity securities Deferred tax assets Liabilities: Allowance for credit losses: unfunded credit commitments Stockholders' equity: Retained earnings, net of tax Recent Accounting Pronouncements Balance at December 31, 2019 Adjustments Due to Adoption of ASC 326 Balance at January 1, 2020 $ 304,924 $ — 28,433 67,656 25,464 $ 174 13,415 22,826 330,388 174 41,848 90,482 4,575,601 (35,049) 4,540,552 In March 2020, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standard Update (ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting). This ASU provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting 45 Table of Contents burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates, such as SOFR. For instance, entities can (1) elect not to apply certain modification accounting requirements to contracts affected by reference rate reform, if certain criteria are met, an entity that makes this election would not have to remeasure the contracts at the modification date or reassess a previous accounting determination; (2) elect various optional expedients that would allow them to continue applying hedge accounting for hedging relationships affected by reference rate reform, if certain criteria are met; and (3) make a one-time election to sell and/or reclassify held-to-maturity debt securities that reference an interest rate affected by reference rate reform. This guidance became effective on March 12, 2020 and an entity may elect to prospectively apply each category of exemption independently, either in the interim period that includes March 12, 2020, or in a subsequent period through December 31, 2022. The effective guidance did not have an impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations nor to the disclosures in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020. We have implemented a process to assess the population of contracts that will be impacted by this ASU and to evaluate expedients we will use and when we might apply them. We are currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures. In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes which is part of the FASB’s initiative to reduce cost and complexity related to accounting for income taxes. The ASU eliminates certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740, Income Taxes, and simplifies income tax accounting in several areas. The amendments are effective for fiscal years (and interim periods within those fiscal years) beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The ASU allows entities to adopt this provision on a retrospective basis for all periods presented or a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. We do not anticipate a material impact from this ASU on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures. Results of Operations Net Interest Income and Margin (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis) Net interest income is defined as the difference between: (i) interest earned on loans, fixed income investments in our available-for-sale and held-to- maturity securities portfolios and short-term investment securities and (ii) interest paid on funding sources. Net interest margin is defined as net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. Net interest income and net interest margin are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis to consistently reflect income from taxable loans and securities and tax-exempt securities based on the applicable federal statutory tax rate. Analysis of Net Interest Income Changes Due to Volume and Rate (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis) Net interest income is affected by changes in the amount and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as “volume change.” Net interest income is also affected by changes in yields earned on interest-earning assets and rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as “rate change.” The following table sets forth changes in interest income for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest expense for each major category of interest-bearing liabilities. The table also reflects the amount of simultaneous changes attributable to both volume and rate changes for the years indicated. For this table, changes that are not solely due to either volume or rate are allocated in proportion to the percentage changes in average volume and average rate. 46 Table of Contents (Dollars in thousands) Interest income: Federal Reserve deposits, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities $ Fixed income investment portfolio (taxable) Fixed income investment portfolio (non-taxable) Loans, amortized cost Increase (decrease) in interest income, net Interest expense: Interest-bearing checking and savings accounts Money market deposits Money market deposits in foreign offices Time deposits Sweep deposits in foreign offices Total increase (decrease) in deposits expense Short-term borrowings 3.50% Senior Notes 3.125% Senior Notes 5.375% Senior Notes Total (decrease) increase in borrowings expense Increase (decrease) in interest expense, net Increase (decrease) in net interest income Net Interest Income (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis) $ 2020 compared to 2019 Change due to Rate Volume Total Volume 2019 compared to 2018 Change due to Rate Total 13,175 $ 99,431 24,433 299,786 436,825 (84,073) $ (33,290) (4,049) (378,930) (500,342) (70,898) $ 66,141 20,384 (79,144) (63,517) 5,589 14,381 149 1,256 (629) 20,746 2,119 13 9,184 (18,945) (7,629) 13,117 423,708 $ 749 (120,121) 83 (644) (18,266) (138,199) (2,399) — — — (2,399) (140,598) (359,744) $ 6,338 (105,740) 232 612 (18,895) (117,453) (280) 13 9,184 (18,945) (10,028) (127,481) 63,964 $ 50,581 $ (22,833) 12,596 229,091 269,435 (72) 79,243 (11) 560 10,137 89,857 (12,408) 12 — (505) (12,901) 76,956 192,479 $ 10,651 $ 50,079 488 11,594 72,812 33 45,945 (1) 600 11,932 58,509 1,421 — — — 1,421 59,930 12,882 $ 61,232 27,246 13,084 240,685 342,247 (39) 125,188 (12) 1,160 22,069 148,366 (10,987) 12 — (505) (11,480) 136,886 205,361 Net interest income increased by $64.0 million to $2.2 billion in 2020, compared to $2.1 billion in 2019. Overall, the increase in our net interest income was due primarily to an increase in interest earned from growth in our average fixed income securities and loan balances as well as decreases in interest paid on deposits due to market interest rate decreases. These increases were partially offset by lower interest earned on cash and cash equivalents, fixed income investments and loans reflective of the three 25 basis point Federal Funds rate decreases in the latter half of 2019 as well as the aggregate 150 basis point decrease in March 2020 as well as lower LIBOR rates. The main factors affecting interest income and interest expense for 2020, compared to 2019, are discussed below: • Interest income for 2020 decreased by $63.5 million primarily due to: ◦ ◦ A $79.1 million decrease in interest income from loans to $1.5 billion in 2020, compared to $1.6 billion in 2019. This decrease was reflective of a decrease in the overall yield on our loan portfolio of 127 basis points to 4.08 percent from 5.35 percent partially offset by an increase in average loan balances of $7.3 billion. Gross loan yields, excluding loan interest recoveries and loan fees, decreased by 122 basis points to 3.57 percent from 4.79 percent, reflective primarily of the impact of the decreases in Federal Funds rates as discussed above, partially offset by an increase reflective of the impact of the reclassification of unrealized gains on interest rate swap cash flow hedges that were terminated in the first quarter of 2020 and protection from effective loan floors, and A $70.9 million decrease in interest income from our interest earning cash and short-term investment securities to $25.5 million, compared to $96.4 million in 2019. The decrease was due primarily to the decrease in Federal Funds interest rates as discussed above, partially offset by growth in average balances of $6.3 billion. These decreases were offset by the following: ◦ An $86.5 million increase in interest income from our fixed income investment securities to $712.3 million in 2020, compared to $625.8 million in 2019. The increase was due primarily to the increase of $7.5 billion in average fixed income investment securities, partially offset by declines in yields earned on these 47 Table of Contents investments reflective of the lower interest rate market environment, net of an acceleration of discount accretion due to an increase in expected prepayments for fixed rate commercial mortgaged-backed securities in our held-to-maturity portfolio. • Interest expense for 2020 decreased to $85.3 million, compared to $212.8 million for 2019, primarily due to: ◦ ◦ A $117.5 million decrease in interest expense on deposits due primarily to a decrease in interest paid on our interest-bearing money market and on-balance sheet sweep deposits reflective of the decreases in market rates. These decreases were partially offset by interest expense from $8.5 billion of growth in average balances for our interest-bearing money markets deposits. A $10.0 million decrease in interest expense on borrowings due primarily to the extinguishment of our 5.375% Senior Notes, partially offset by interest expense for our 3.125% Senior Notes issued towards the end of the second quarter of 2020. Net Interest Margin (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis) Our net interest margin decreased by 84 basis points to 2.67 percent in 2020, compared to 3.51 percent in 2019. The decrease in our net interest margin in 2020 was reflective primarily of the decreases in the Federal Funds and lower LIBOR rates as discussed above, as well as a shift in the mix of the growth in our interest-earning assets to lower-yielding short-term investment securities portfolio relative to the growth in our loan portfolio driven by growth in our average deposits, partially offset by gains from our interest rate swap cash flow hedges which were terminated in the first quarter of 2020 and protection from effective loan floors. For the year ended December 31, 2020, our loan portfolio comprised 46 percent of our average interest-earning assets, a decrease from 50 percent for the year ended December 31, 2019. Average Balances, Yields and Rates Paid (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis) The average yield earned on interest-earning assets is the amount of fully taxable equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate paid on funding sources is the amount of interest expense expressed as a percentage of average funding sources. The following tables set forth average assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests, preferred stock and SVBFG common stockholders’ equity, interest income, interest expense, yields and rates and the composition of our net interest margin in 2020, 2019 and 2018: 48 Table of Contents Average Balances, Yields and Rates Paid for the Years Ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Interest-earning assets: Federal Reserve deposits, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short- term investment securities (1) Investment Securities: (2) Available-for-sale securities: Taxable Held-to-maturity securities: Taxable Non-taxable (3) Total loans, amortized cost (4) (5) Total interest-earning assets Cash and due from banks Allowance for credit losses: loans Other assets (6) Total assets Funding sources: Interest-bearing liabilities: 2020 Interest Income/ Expense Average Balance Yield/ Rate Average Balance 2019 Interest Income/ Expense Yield/ Rate Average Balance 2018 Interest Income/ Expense Yield/ Rate Year ended December 31, $ 12,251,754 $ 25,542 0.21 % $ 5,932,146 $ 96,440 1.63 % $ 2,820,883 $ 35,208 1.25 % 18,652,580 336,732 1.81 9,597,712 217,650 2.27 9,789,211 185,120 1.89 298,260 77,285 1,520,021 2,257,840 2.78 3.24 4.08 2.77 10,728,035 2,385,265 37,265,976 81,283,610 1,021,483 (508,786) 3,995,352 351,201 56,901 1,599,165 2,321,357 2.69 3.49 5.35 3.86 13,041,160 1,631,182 29,916,207 60,118,407 592,196 (306,800) 2,807,827 13,727,745 1,270,101 25,630,520 53,238,460 480,900 (282,489) 1,792,189 $ 85,791,659 $ 63,211,630 $ 55,229,060 356,485 43,817 1,358,480 1,979,110 2.60 3.45 5.30 3.71 Interest-bearing checking and savings accounts Money market deposits Money market deposits in foreign offices Time deposits Sweep deposits in foreign offices Total interest-bearing deposits Short-term borrowings 3.125% Senior Notes 3.50% Senior Notes 5.375% Senior Notes Total interest-bearing liabilities Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources Total funding sources Noninterest-bearing funding sources: Demand deposits Other liabilities Preferred stock SVBFG common stockholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests Portion used to fund interest-earning assets Total liabilities and total equity Net interest income and margin Total deposits Reconciliation to reported net interest income: Adjustments for taxable equivalent basis Net interest income, as reported $ $ $ 2,873,714 19,741,042 330,512 335,724 1,541,796 24,822,788 401,159 284,113 348,153 — 25,856,213 55,427,397 81,283,610 50,192,642 2,168,299 340,146 7,079,356 155,003 (55,427,397) 85,791,659 75,015,430 $ 6,762 47,161 296 1,883 4,117 60,219 3,312 9,184 12,611 — 85,326 0.24 % $ 0.24 0.09 0.56 0.27 0.24 0.83 3.23 3.62 — 0.33 85,326 0.10 $ 2,172,514 2.67 % $ $ 498,606 13,721,076 164,693 111,806 1,777,299 16,273,480 144,545 — 347,799 337,646 17,103,470 43,014,937 60,118,407 38,783,470 1,483,737 17,751 5,674,531 148,671 (43,014,937) 63,211,630 55,056,950 $ 424 152,901 64 1,271 23,012 177,672 3,592 — 12,598 18,945 212,807 0.09 % $ 1.11 0.04 1.14 1.29 1.09 2.49 — 3.62 5.61 1.24 212,807 0.35 $ 2,108,550 3.51 % $ $ 583,295 6,609,873 192,128 62,570 994,360 8,442,226 643,886 — 347,458 348,480 9,782,050 43,456,410 53,238,460 39,633,118 937,199 — 4,734,417 142,276 (43,456,410) 55,229,060 48,075,344 $ 463 27,713 76 111 943 29,306 14,579 — 12,586 19,450 75,921 0.08 % 0.42 0.04 0.18 0.09 0.35 2.26 — 3.62 5.58 0.78 75,921 0.14 $ 1,903,189 3.57 % (16,230) 2,156,284 $ (11,949) 2,096,601 $ (9,201) 1,893,988 $ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Includes average interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions of $1.1 billion, $0.9 billion and $0.8 billion in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For 2020, 2019 and 2018, balances also include $9.9 billion, $4.1 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, deposited at the FRB, earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate. Yields on interest-earning investment securities do not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in other comprehensive income. Interest income on non-taxable investment securities is presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0 percent for all periods presented. Nonaccrual loans are reflected in the average balances of loans. Interest income includes loan fees of $190.9 million, $167.6 million and $136.6 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 49 Table of Contents (6) Average investment securities of $2.0 billion, $1.1 billion, and $0.8 billion in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were classified as other assets as they were noninterest-earning assets. These investments primarily consisted of non-marketable and other equity securities. Provision for Credit Losses The following table summarizes our allowance for credit losses for loans, unfunded credit commitments and HTM securities for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively: (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses for loans, beginning balance Day one impact of adopting ASC 326 Provision for loans Gross loan charge-offs Loan recoveries Foreign currency translation adjustments Allowance for credit losses for loans, ending balance Allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments, beginning balance Day one impact of adopting ASC 326 Provision for unfunded credit commitments Foreign currency translation adjustments Allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments, ending balance (1) Allowance for credit losses for HTM securities, beginning balance Day one impact of adopting ASC 326 Provision for HTM securities Allowance for credit losses for HTM securities, ending balance (2) Ratios and other information: Provision for loans as a percentage of period-end total loans (3) Gross loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total loans Net loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total loans Allowance for credit losses for loans as a percentage of period-end total loans (3) Provision for credit losses Period-end total loans (3) Average total loans (3) Allowance for credit losses for nonaccrual loans Nonaccrual loans $ $ $ $ $ 2020 304,924 25,464 189,226 (102,904) 29,018 2,037 447,765 67,656 22,826 30,066 248 120,796 — 174 218 392 0.42 % 0.28 0.20 0.99 219,510 45,181,488 37,265,976 54,029 104,244 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 280,903 — 94,183 (92,603) 21,038 1,403 304,924 55,183 — 12,233 240 67,656 — — — — 0.28 % 0.31 0.24 0.91 106,416 33,327,704 30,077,343 44,859 102,669 255,024 — 84,292 (67,917) 11,636 (2,132) 280,903 51,770 — 3,578 (165) 55,183 — — — — 0.30 % 0.26 0.22 0.99 87,870 28,511,312 25,790,949 37,941 94,142 (1) (2) (3) The “allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments” is included as a component of “Other liabilities.” The "allowance for credit losses for HTM securities" is included as a component of "HTM securities" and presented net in our consolidated financial statements. For the year ended December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed, and ratios are calculated, using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed, and ratios are calculated, using the gross basis in accordance with previous methodology. The provision for credit losses is the combination of (i) the provision for loans, (ii) the provision for unfunded credit commitments and (iii) the provision for HTM securities for the year ending December 31, 2020. For the years ending December 31, 2019 and 2018, the provision for credit losses is the combination of both the provision for loan losses and the provision for unfunded credit commitments. For a more detailed discussion of credit quality and the allowance for credit losses, see “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” above, “Consolidated Financial Condition-Credit Quality and the Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans and for Unfunded Credit Commitments” below and Note 9—“Loans and Allowance for 50 Table of Contents Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for further details on our allowance for credit losses. Provision for Loans We had a provision for loans of $189.2 million in 2020, compared to a provision of $94.2 million in 2019. The provision for loans of $189.2 million in 2020 was driven primarily by $56.6 million in additional reserves for our performing loans based on our forecast models of the current economic environment under the CECL methodology adopted January 1, 2020, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as changes in loan composition within our portfolio segments, $59.8 million in net new nonaccrual loans, $49.2 million for charge-offs not specifically reserved for at December 31, 2019 and $54.6 million in additional reserves for period-end loan growth, partially offset by $29.0 million of recoveries. The provision for loan losses of $94.2 million in 2019, under the previous incurred loss methodology, was reflective primarily of $38.7 million from period- end loan growth, $56.3 million in net new specific reserves for nonaccrual loans and $43.2 million from charge-offs not specifically reserved for, partially offset by a decrease of $23.0 million for our performing loans and $21.0 million of recoveries. Provision for Unfunded Credit Commitments We recorded a provision for unfunded credit commitments of $30.1 million in 2020, compared to a provision of $12.2 million in 2019. Our provision for unfunded credit commitments in 2020 was driven primarily by the forecast models of the current economic environment under the CECL methodology adopted January 1, 2020, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as growth in unfunded credit commitments. We recorded a provision for unfunded credit commitments of $12.2 million in 2019. Our provision for unfunded credit commitments in 2019 was driven primarily by growth in unfunded credit commitments of $5.3 billion. Provision for HTM Securities We recorded a provision for HTM securities of $0.2 million in 2020 under the CECL methodology adopted January 1, 2020, compared to a provision of zero under the previous incurred loss methodology. Our provision for HTM securities was driven primarily by the forecast models of the current economic environment, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our HTM portfolio as of December 31, 2020 was entirely made up of Aa2 or better rated bonds, all considered high quality. Noninterest Income For the year ended December 31, 2020, noninterest income was $1.84 billion, compared to $1.22 billion for comparable 2019 period. For the year ended December 31, 2020, non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests was $1.75 billion, compared to $1.17 billion for the comparable 2019 period. For the year ended December 31, 2020, non-GAAP core fee income was $603.2 million, compared to $641.8 million for the comparable 2019 period. For the year ended December 31, 2020, non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue was $480.6 million, compared to $251.5 million for the comparable 2019 period. (See reconciliations of non-GAAP measures used below under "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures".) Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures To supplement our audited consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP, we use certain non-GAAP measures of financial performance (including, but not limited to, non-GAAP core fee income, non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue, non-GAAP core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue, non-GAAP noninterest income and non-GAAP net gains on investment securities). These supplemental performance measures may vary from, and may not be comparable to, similarly titled measures by other companies in our industry. Non-GAAP financial measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s performance that either excludes or includes amounts that are not normally excluded or included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. A non-GAAP financial measure may also be a financial metric that is not required by GAAP or other applicable requirement. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, when taken together with the corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by excluding items that represent income attributable to investors other than us and our subsidiaries and certain other non-recurring items. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our operating results and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or preferable to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. 51 Table of Contents Included in noninterest income is income and expense attributable to noncontrolling interests. We recognize, as part of our investment funds management business through SVB Capital, the entire income or loss from funds consolidated in accordance with ASC Topic 810 as discussed in Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. We are required under GAAP to consolidate 100% of the results of these entities, even though we may own less than 100% of such entities. The relevant amounts attributable to investors other than us are reflected under “Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests” on our statements of income. Where applicable, the tables below for noninterest income and net gains on investment securities exclude noncontrolling interests. Core fee income is a non-GAAP financial measure, which represents GAAP noninterest income, but excludes (i) SVB Leerink revenue, (ii) certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, primarily our net gains (losses) on investment securities and equity warrant assets, and (iii) other noninterest income. Core fee income represents client investment fees, foreign exchange fees, credit card fees, deposit service charges, lending related fees and letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees. SVB Leerink revenue is a non-GAAP financial measure, which represents noninterest income but excludes (i) Core fee income, and (ii) certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, primarily our net gains (losses) on investment securities and equity warrant assets, and other noninterest income. SVB Leerink revenue represents investment banking revenue and commissions. Core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue is a non-GAAP measure, which represents GAAP noninterest income, but excludes certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, primarily our net gains (losses) on investment securities and equity warrant assets, and other noninterest income. Core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue represents core fee income plus investment banking revenue and commissions. The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP noninterest income to non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively: (Dollars in thousands) GAAP noninterest income Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest allocation Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests $ $ 2020 1,840,148 $ 2019 1,221,479 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 50.6 % $ 744,984 64.0 % 86,375 1,753,773 $ 48,624 1,172,855 77.6 49.5 $ 38,000 706,984 28.0 65.9 The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP noninterest income to non-GAAP core fee income for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively: (Dollars in thousands) GAAP noninterest income Less: gains on investment securities, net Less: gains on equity warrant assets, net Less: other noninterest income Non-GAAP core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue (1) Investment banking revenue Commissions Non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue (2) Non-GAAP core fee income (3) 2020 1,840,148 $ 420,752 237,428 98,145 1,083,823 $ 413,985 66,640 480,625 $ 603,198 $ $ $ $ $ 2019 1,221,479 134,670 138,078 55,370 893,361 195,177 56,346 251,523 641,838 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 50.6 % $ NM 72.0 77.3 21.3 112.1 18.3 91.1 (6.0) $ $ $ 744,984 88,094 89,142 51,858 515,890 — — — 515,890 64.0 % 52.9 54.9 6.8 73.2 — — — 24.4 NM—Not meaningful (1) Non-GAAP core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue represents noninterest income, but excludes certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control and other noninterest income. Core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue is non-GAAP core fee income (as defined in footnote (3) below) with the addition of investment banking revenue and commissions. 52 Table of Contents (2) Non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue represents investment banking revenue and commissions, but excludes certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control and other noninterest income. (3) Non-GAAP core fee income represents noninterest income, but excludes (i) certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, (ii) our investment banking revenue and commissions and (iii) other noninterest income. Non-GAAP core fee income represents client investment fees, foreign exchange fees, credit card fees, deposit service charges, lending related fees and letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees. Gains on Investment Securities, Net Net gains on investment securities include gains and losses from our non-marketable and other equity securities, which include public equity securities held as a result of exercised equity warrant assets, as well as gains and losses from sales of our AFS debt securities portfolio, when applicable. Our non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio primarily represents investments in venture capital and private equity funds, including a joint venture bank in China, debt funds, the newly acquired managed credit platform, private and public portfolio companies and qualified affordable housing projects. We experience variability in the performance of our non-marketable and other equity securities from period to period, which results in net gains or losses on investment securities (both realized and unrealized). This variability is due to a number of factors, including unrealized changes in the values of our investments, changes in the amount of realized gains and losses from distributions, changes in liquidity events and general economic and market conditions. Unrealized gains or losses from non-marketable and other equity securities for any single period are typically driven by valuation changes, and are therefore subject to potential increases or decreases in future periods. Such variability may lead to volatility in the gains or losses from investment securities. As such, our results for a particular period are not necessarily indicative of our expected performance in a future period. The extent to which any unrealized gains or losses will become realized is subject to a variety of factors, including, among other things, the expiration of certain sales restrictions to which these equity securities may be subject to (e.g. lock-up agreements), changes in prevailing market prices, market conditions, the actual sales or distributions of securities and the timing of such actual sales or distributions, which, to the extent such securities are managed by our managed funds, are subject to our funds' separate discretionary sales/distributions and governance processes. Our AFS securities portfolio is a fixed income investment portfolio that is managed with the objective of earning an appropriate portfolio yield over the long-term while maintaining sufficient liquidity and credit diversification as well as addressing our asset/liability management objectives. Though infrequent, sales of debt securities in our AFS securities portfolio may result in net gains or losses and are conducted pursuant to the guidelines of our investment policy related to the management of our liquidity position and interest rate risk. In 2020, we had net gains on investment securities of $420.8 million, compared to $134.7 million in 2019. Non-GAAP net gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests were $334.3 million in 2020, compared to $86.2 million in 2019, respectively. Net gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests of $334.3 million in 2020 were driven by the following: • • • • • Gains of $89.9 million from our managed funds of funds portfolio and managed direct venture funds, related primarily to net unrealized valuation increases in investments held by the funds in the portfolio, Gains of $66.0 million from our strategic and other investments portfolio, primarily driven by net unrealized valuation increases in both private and public company investments held in our strategic venture capital funds, Gains of $94.8 million from gains from our public equity securities, primarily driven by $72.0 million from unrealized gains for the 2.4 million common shares held as of December 31, 2020 in BigCommerce Holdings, Inc ("BigCommerce") and $14.7 million realized gains for the sale of BigCommerce equity shares, Gains of $61.2 million from our AFS debt securities portfolio, resulting from the sale of $2.6 billion of U.S. Treasury securities during the quarter, and Gains of $16.0 million from carried interest on our managed credit funds, acquired from WRG which closed on December 23, 2020. Performance fees earned from the arrangement existing prior to the acquisition of the debt fund business from WRG were previously recorded in other noninterest income and exchanged for carried interest as part of the acquisition. As a result, we recorded unrealized gains of $16.0 million net of noncontrolling interest related to carried interest on the managed credit funds. These gains were primarily driven by the IPO of BigCommerce. Net gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests of $86.2 million in 2019 were driven by the following: 53 Table of Contents • • • Gains of $37.9 million from our managed funds of funds portfolio, related primarily to net unrealized valuation increases in both private and public company investments held by the funds in the portfolio, Gains of $33.1 million from our strategic and other investments portfolio, primarily driven by net unrealized valuation increases in both private and public company investments held in our strategic venture capital funds, and Gains of $7.9 million from our managed direct venture funds, related primarily to net unrealized valuation increases in investments held by the funds in the portfolio. The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP total gains (losses) on investment securities, net, to non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests, for 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Year ended December 31, 2020 GAAP gains (losses) on investment securities, net Less: gains attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest allocation Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests Year ended December 31, 2019 GAAP gains (losses) on investment securities, net Less: gains attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest allocation Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests Year ended December 31, 2018 GAAP gains (losses) on investment securities, net Less: gains attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest allocation Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests Gains on Equity Warrant Assets, Net Managed Funds of Funds Managed Direct Venture Funds Managed Credit Funds Public Equity Securities Sales of AFS Debt Securities Debt Funds Strategic and Other Investments SVB Leerink Total $ 116,104 $ 56,195 $ 19,127 $ 94,758 $ 61,165 $ (403) $ 66,017 $ 7,789 $ 420,752 54,837 27,584 3,150 — — — — 898 86,469 61,267 $ 28,611 $ 15,977 $ 94,758 $ 61,165 $ (403) $ 66,017 $ 6,891 $ 334,283 74,939 $ 17,982 $ — $ 5,421 $ (3,905) $ 1,647 $ 33,101 $ 5,485 $ 134,670 37,087 10,089 — — — — — 1,325 48,501 37,852 $ 7,893 $ — $ 5,421 $ (3,905) $ 1,647 $ 33,101 $ 4,160 $ 86,169 62,019 $ 11,502 $ — $ (25,158) $ (740) $ 541 $ 39,930 $ — $ 88,094 $ $ $ $ 32,938 5,245 — — — — — — 38,183 $ 29,081 $ 6,257 $ — $ (25,158) $ (740) $ 541 $ 39,930 $ — $ 49,911 Gains on equity warrant assets, net, were $237.4 million in 2020, compared to $138.1 million in 2019. Net gains on equity warrant assets of $237.4 million in 2020 were primarily due to the following: • • Net gains of $179.6 million from the exercises of equity warrant assets in 2020 driven by robust IPO, special purpose acquisition company ("SPAC") and M&A activity during 2020, including $10.8 million from our exercised warrant position in BigCommerce, and Net gains of $59.7 million from changes in warrant valuations in 2020 driven by valuation increases in our private company warrant portfolio. Gains on equity warrant assets, net, of $138.1 million in 2019 were primarily due to the following: • • Net gains of $107.2 million from the exercises of equity warrant assets in 2019, driven by increased IPO activity during 2019, and Net gains of $34.4 million from changes in warrant valuations in 2019, driven by valuation increases in our private company warrant portfolio. 54 Table of Contents A summary of gains on equity warrant assets, net, for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Equity warrant assets (1): Gains on exercises, net Terminations Changes in fair value, net Total gains on equity warrant assets, net 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 179,648 $ (1,948) 59,728 237,428 $ 107,168 (3,502) 34,412 138,078 67.6 % $ (44.4) 73.6 72.0 $ 58,186 (5,964) 36,920 89,142 84.2 % (41.3) (6.8) 54.9 (1) At December 31, 2020, we held warrants in 2,602 companies, compared to 2,268 companies at December 31, 2019. The total value of our warrant portfolio was $203.4 million at December 31, 2020 and $165.5 million at December 31, 2019. Warrants in 25 companies each had fair values greater than $1.0 million and collectively represented $75.9 million, or 37.3 percent, of the fair value of the total warrant portfolio at December 31, 2020. Investment in Root, Inc. As of December 31, 2020, we held investments in Root, Inc. (“Root”) of approximately 14.0 million common stock shares directly held by two of our SVB Capital funds (in which SVBFG holds certain carried interests), of which we estimated to be entitled to approximately $24.8 million before taxes in the form of carried interest subject to the fund's performance and assuming the fund exceeds certain performance targets. Carried interest may be subject to change to the extent fund performance levels fluctuate. Investment in BigCommerce As of December 31, 2020, we held an investment in BigCommerce of approximately 2.4 million common shares pursuant to our exercise of certain warrants and debt conversion and 1.4 million shares held through our SVB Capital Funds (in which SVBFG holds certain carried interests), of which we estimate to be entitled to approximately $11.5 million before taxes in the form of carried interest subject to the fund's performance and assuming the fund exceeds certain performance targets. Carried interest may be subject to change to the extent fund performance levels fluctuate. Gains (or losses) related to our equity securities in public companies such as Root and BigCommerce are based on valuation changes or the sale of any securities, and are subject to such companies' stock price, which are subject to market conditions and various other factors. Additionally, the public equity investment expected gains and losses, and the extent to which such gains (or losses) will become realized is subject to a variety of factors, including among other factors, changes in prevailing market prices and the timing of any sales of securities, which are subject to our securities sales and governance process as well as certain sales restrictions (e.g. lock-up agreements). The lock up agreement for common stock shares held in Root is scheduled to expire during April 2021 and the lock up agreement for common shares held in BigCommerce expired in February 2021. As of the date of this filing, we have sold all of our common shares of BigCommerce subsequent to the lock-up expiration resulting in pre-tax gains on investment securities of approximately $43.0 million to be recorded during the first quarter of 2021. Additionally, all BigCommerce shares held through our SVB Capital Funds were distributed to the limited partners subsequent to the lock-up expiration. The distribution to fund investors did not result in a realized gain or loss to SVB Financial Group and there was no distribution of carried interest to the General Partner. We do not anticipate the price of BigCommerce common shares upon distribution will have a material impact on the amount of expected carried interest previously disclosed above. Carried interest may be subject to change to the extent fund performance levels fluctuate. 55 Table of Contents Non-GAAP Core Fee Income and Non-GAAP SVB Leerink Revenue (Dollars in thousands) Non-GAAP core fee income (1): Client investment fees Foreign exchange fees Credit card fees Deposit service charges Lending related fees Letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees Total non-GAAP core fee income (1) Investment banking revenue Commissions Total non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue (2) Total non-GAAP core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue (3) 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ $ $ 132,200 $ 178,733 97,737 90,336 57,533 46,659 603,198 $ 413,985 66,640 480,625 $ 1,083,823 $ 182,068 159,262 118,719 89,200 49,920 42,669 641,838 195,177 56,346 251,523 893,361 (27.4) % $ 12.2 (17.7) 1.3 15.3 9.4 (6.0) 112.1 18.3 91.1 $ 21.3 $ $ 130,360 138,812 94,072 76,097 41,949 34,600 515,890 — — — 515,890 39.7 % 14.7 26.2 17.2 19.0 23.3 24.4 — — — 73.2 (1) Non-GAAP core fee income represents noninterest income, but excludes (i) certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, (ii) our investment banking revenue and commissions and (iii) other noninterest income. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” above. (2) Non-GAAP SVB Leerink revenue represents noninterest income, but excludes (i) certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, (ii) non-GAAP core fee income, and (iii) other noninterest income. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” above. (3) Non-GAAP core fee income plus SVB Leerink revenue represents noninterest income, but excludes (i) certain line items where performance is typically subject to market or other conditions beyond our control, and (ii) other noninterest income. See “Use of Non-GAAP Measures” above. Client Investment Fees We offer a variety of investment products on which we earn fees. These products include money market mutual funds, overnight repurchase agreements and sweep money market funds available through the Bank, client-directed accounts offered through our broker-dealer, SVB Wealth Advisory, and fixed income management services offered through SVB Asset Management, our investment advisory subsidiary. Client investment fees were $132.2 million in 2020, compared to $182.1 million in 2019. The decrease in client investment fees is reflective of a reduction in fee margin resulting from lower short-term market rates. (Dollars in thousands) Client investment fees by type: Sweep money market fees Asset management fees Repurchase agreement fees Total client investment fees 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 74,176 $ 42,768 15,256 132,200 $ 104,236 28,665 49,167 182,068 (28.8) % $ 49.2 (69.0) (27.4) $ 75,654 23,882 30,824 130,360 37.8 % 20.0 59.5 39.7 56 Table of Contents The following table summarizes average client investment funds for 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in millions) Sweep money market funds Client investment assets under management (1) Repurchase agreements Total average client investment funds (2) 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 50,828 $ 56,473 10,079 117,380 $ 40,667 41,887 9,079 91,633 25.0 % $ 34.8 11.0 28.1 $ 32,232 34,754 8,086 75,072 26.2 % 20.5 12.3 22.1 (1) (2) These funds represent investments in third-party money market mutual funds and fixed-income securities managed by SVB Asset Management. Client investment funds are maintained at third-party financial institutions and are not recorded on our balance sheet. The following table summarizes period-end client investment funds at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in millions) Sweep money market funds Client investment assets under management (1) Repurchase agreements Total period-end client investment funds (2) 2020 2019 $ $ 59,844 $ 70,671 10,538 141,053 $ 43,226 46,904 9,062 99,192 December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 38.4 % $ 50.7 16.3 42.2 $ 38,348 39,214 8,422 85,984 12.7 % 19.6 7.6 15.4 (1) (2) These funds represent investments in third-party money market mutual funds and fixed-income securities managed by SVB Asset Management. Client investment funds are maintained at third-party financial institutions and are not recorded on our balance sheet. Foreign Exchange Fees Foreign exchange fees were $178.7 million in 2020, compared to $159.3 million in 2019. The increase in foreign exchange fees was primarily due to increased foreign currency risk hedging as well as private equity activity. The increase is due primarily to the overall increase in the number of clients executing spot contracts resulting in higher trade volumes from the previous year reflective of our global expansion initiative and increased client engagement efforts. Foreign exchange fees have been, and may further be, impacted by effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. (Dollars in thousands) Foreign exchange fees by instrument type: Spot contract commissions Forward contract commissions Option premium fees Total foreign exchange fees NM—Not meaningful Credit Card Fees 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 157,852 $ 19,849 1,032 178,733 $ 145,915 13,068 279 159,262 8.2 % $ 51.9 NM 12.2 $ 127,459 10,940 413 138,812 14.5 % 19.5 (32.4) 14.7 Credit card fees were $97.7 million in 2020, compared to $118.7 million in 2019. The decrease was primarily due to lower transaction volumes starting in March of 2020 reflective of the COVID-19 pandemic interrupting normal business activity and reduced client spending. A summary of credit card fees by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: 57 Table of Contents (Dollars in thousands) Credit card fees by instrument type: Card interchange fees, net Merchant service fees Card service fees Total credit card fees Deposit Service Charges 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 75,562 $ 17,732 4,443 97,737 $ 93,553 18,355 6,811 118,719 (19.2) % $ (3.4) (34.8) (17.7) $ 74,381 14,420 5,271 94,072 25.8 % 27.3 29.2 26.2 Deposit service charges were $90.3 million in 2020, compared to $89.2 million in 2019. The increase was attributable to higher deposit client counts as well as higher volumes of our transaction-based fee products. However, client activity was impacted by a slower macro-economic environment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic Lending Related Fees Lending related fees were $57.5 million in 2020, compared to $49.9 million in 2019. The increase was primarily due to increases in fees earned from unused lines of credit due to strong client liquidity. A summary of lending related fees by type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Lending related fees by instrument type: Unused commitment fees Other Total lending related fees Letters of Credit and Standby Letters of Credit Fees 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 42,399 $ 15,134 57,533 $ 34,829 15,091 49,920 21.7 % $ 0.3 15.3 $ 32,452 9,497 41,949 7.3 % 58.9 19.0 Letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees were $46.7 million in 2020, compared to $42.7 million in 2019. The increase was primarily driven by increases in deferred fee income reflective of larger letter of credit issuances. Investment Banking Revenue Investment banking revenue, attributable to the acquisition of SVB Leerink in January 2019, was $414.0 million in 2020, compared to $195.2 million in 2019. The increase was due to exceptional levels of funding activity in the life science/healthcare secondary markets and by the increase in public equity underwriting fees. A summary of investment banking revenue by type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Investment banking revenue: Underwriting fees Advisory fees Private placements and other Total investment banking revenue NM—Not meaningful Commissions 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 352,951 $ 40,006 21,028 413,985 $ 153,306 37,846 4,025 195,177 130.2 % $ 5.7 NM 112.1 $ — — — — — % — — — Commissions were $66.6 million in 2020, compared to $56.3 million in 2019. Commissions include commissions received from clients for the execution of agency-based brokerage transactions in listed and over-the-counter equities. The increase was driven by client trading activity, consistent with market volumes. 58 Table of Contents Other Noninterest Income Total other noninterest income was $98.1 million in 2020, compared to income of $55.4 million in 2019. The increase was primarily driven by the $30.0 million recognized gain upon the exercise and conversion of our convertible debt option for BigCommerce during the third quarter of 2020. A summary of other noninterest income for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Other noninterest income by instrument type: Fund management fees Net (losses) gains on revaluation of foreign currency instruments, net of foreign exchange forward contracts (1) Gains from conversion of convertible debt options Losses on extinguishment of debt Other service revenue (2) Total other noninterest income $ 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ 38,960 $ 32,522 19.8 % $ 23,016 41.3 % (926) 30,018 — 30,093 98,145 $ 345 — (8,960) 31,463 55,370 NM — (100.0) (4.4) 77.3 $ 666 — — 28,176 51,858 (48.2) — — 11.7 6.8 (1) Represents the net revaluation of client and internal foreign currency denominated financial instruments. We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts (2) to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure related to client and internal foreign currency denominated financial instruments. Includes dividends on FHLB/FRB stock, correspondent bank rebate income, incentive fees related to carried interest, valuation fee income and other fee income. Noninterest Expense A summary of noninterest expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Compensation and benefits Professional services Premises and equipment Net occupancy Business development and travel FDIC and state assessments Other Total noninterest expense 2020 1,318,457 $ 247,084 127,125 100,889 23,724 27,587 190,175 2,035,041 $ $ $ Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2019 989,734 205,479 96,770 69,279 68,912 18,509 152,579 1,601,262 33.2 % $ 20.2 31.4 45.6 (65.6) 49.0 24.6 27.1 $ 2018 726,980 158,835 77,918 54,753 48,180 34,276 87,251 1,188,193 % Change 2019/2018 36.1 % 29.4 24.2 26.5 43.0 (46.0) 74.9 34.8 Included in noninterest expense is expense attributable to noncontrolling interests. See below for a description and reconciliation of non-GAAP noninterest expense and non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio, both of which exclude noncontrolling interests. Non-GAAP Noninterest Expense We use and report non-GAAP noninterest expense, non-GAAP taxable equivalent revenue and non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio, which excludes noncontrolling interests, SVB Leerink and other non-recurring expenses. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, when taken together with the corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by: (i) excluding certain items that represent expenses attributable to investors other than us and our subsidiaries, or certain items that do not occur every reporting period; or (ii) providing additional information used by management that is not otherwise required by GAAP or other applicable requirements. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our operating results and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. However, these 59 Table of Contents non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or preferable to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. The table below provides a summary of non-GAAP noninterest expense and non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio, both net of noncontrolling interests: Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 Non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio (Dollars in thousands, except ratios) GAAP noninterest expense Less: expense attributable to noncontrolling interests Non-GAAP noninterest expense, net of noncontrolling interests Less: expense attributable to SVB Leerink Less: real estate expenses Less: charitable donation of net PPP loan origination fees Non-GAAP noninterest expense, net of noncontrolling interests, SVB Leerink and other non-recurring expenses GAAP net interest income Adjustments for taxable equivalent basis Non-GAAP taxable equivalent net interest income Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests Non-GAAP taxable equivalent net interest income, net of noncontrolling interests Less: net interest income attributable to SVB Leerink Non-GAAP taxable equivalent net interest income, net of noncontrolling interests and SVB Leerink GAAP noninterest income Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest allocation Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests Less: non-GAAP net gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests Less: net gains on equity warrant assets Less: investment banking revenue Less: commissions Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests and net of net gains on investment securities, net gains on equity warrant assets, investment banking revenue and commissions GAAP total revenue Non-GAAP taxable equivalent revenue, net of noncontrolling interests and SVB Leerink, net gains on investment securities, net gains on equity warrant assets, investment banking revenue and commissions GAAP operating efficiency ratio Non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio (1) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2020 2,035,041 475 2,034,566 378,970 29,317 20,000 1,606,279 2,156,284 16,230 2,172,514 26 2,172,488 578 2,171,910 1,840,148 86,375 1,753,773 334,283 237,428 413,985 66,640 701,437 3,996,432 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2019 1,601,262 835 1,600,427 252,677 — — 1,347,750 2,096,601 11,949 2,108,550 72 2,108,478 1,252 2,107,226 1,221,479 48,624 1,172,855 86,169 138,078 195,177 56,346 697,085 3,318,080 2,873,347 $ 2,804,311 50.92 % 55.90 48.26 % 48.06 60 27.1 % $ (43.1) 27.1 50.0 — — $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 19.2 2.8 35.8 3.0 (63.9) 3.0 (53.8) 3.1 50.6 77.6 49.5 NM 72.0 112.1 18.3 0.6 20.4 2.5 5.5 16.3 2018 1,188,193 522 1,187,671 — — — 1,187,671 1,893,988 9,201 1,903,189 30 1,903,159 — 1,903,159 744,984 38,000 706,984 49,911 89,142 — — 567,931 2,638,972 2,471,090 45.02 % 48.06 % Change 2019/2018 34.8 % 60.0 34.8 — — — 13.5 10.7 29.9 10.8 140.0 10.8 — 10.7 64.0 28.0 65.9 72.6 54.9 — — 22.7 25.7 13.5 7.2 — Table of Contents NM—Not meaningful (1) The non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing noninterest expense after adjusting for noninterest expense attributable to SVB Leerink and other non-recurring expenses by total revenue after adjusting for net interest income attributable to SVB Leerink, net gains or losses on investment securities and equity warrant assets, investment banking revenue and commissions. Additionally, noninterest expense and total revenue are adjusted for income or losses and expenses attributable to noncontrolling interests and adjustments to net interest income for a taxable equivalent basis. Compensation and Benefits Expense The following table provides a summary of our compensation and benefits expense: (Dollars in thousands, except employees) Compensation and benefits: Salaries and wages Incentive compensation plans Other employee incentives and benefits (1) Total compensation and benefits Period-end full-time equivalent employees Average full-time equivalent employees 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 516,221 $ 463,831 338,405 1,318,457 $ 4,461 4,040 436,500 288,073 265,161 989,734 3,564 3,362 18.3 % 61.0 27.6 33.2 25.2 20.2 $ 324,971 200,871 201,138 726,980 2,900 2,685 34.3 43.4 31.8 36.1 22.9 25.2 (1) Other employee incentives and benefits includes employer payroll taxes, group health and life insurance, share-based compensation, 401(k), ESOP, warrant incentive and retention plans, agency fees and other employee-related expenses. Compensation and benefits expense was $1.3 billion in 2020, compared to $989.7 million in 2019. The key factors driving the increase in compensation and benefits expense in 2020 were as follows: • • • An increase of $79.7 million in salaries and wages expense, reflective primarily of an increase in the number of average FTEs by 678 to 4,040 in 2020, compared to 3,362 in 2019, driven by strong hiring for in-sourcing, product development and revenue growth, as well as annual pay raises. An increase of $175.8 million in incentive compensation plans expense attributable primarily to an increase in SVB Leerink incentive compensation expense as a result of a strong 2020 full-year financial performance. An increase of $73.2 million in other employee incentives and benefits expense attributable primarily to an increase in warrant incentive plan expense due to higher gains on equity warrant assets from exercises in 2020 as compared to 2019 and an increase in deferred compensation expense primarily driven by the appreciation in market valuations in the underlying investment securities in the plan in 2020. Our variable compensation plans primarily consist of our Incentive Compensation Plan, Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan, Retention Program, Warrant Incentive Plan, Deferred Compensation Plan, 401(k) and ESOP Plan, SVB Leerink Incentive Compensation Plan and SVB Leerink Retention Award. Total costs incurred under these plans were $546.5 million in 2020, compared to $347.3 million in 2019. These amounts are included in total compensation and benefits expense discussed above. Professional Services Professional services expense was $247.1 million in 2020, compared to $205.5 million in 2019. The increase in 2020 was primarily related to costs to support the PPP during the year 2020 as well as continued investment in our infrastructure, initiatives, and operating projects to support our presence both domestically and globally. Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment expense was $127.1 million in 2020, compared to $96.8 million in 2019. The increase was related to investments in projects, systems and technology to support our revenue growth and related initiatives as well as other operating costs. 61 Table of Contents Net Occupancy Net occupancy expense was $100.9 million in 2020, compared to $69.3 million in 2019. The increase was due primarily to impairment and accelerated depreciation of right of use assets and other fixed assets of $29.3 million related to vacating leased office space in several locations during 2020. Business Development and Travel Business development and travel expense was $23.7 million in 2020, compared to $68.9 million in 2019. The decrease was primarily due to the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy and our restrictions placed on domestic and international travel beginning March 2020. FDIC and State Assessments FDIC and state assessments expense was $27.6 million in 2020, compared to $18.5 million in 2019. The increase was due primarily to the increase in our average assets. Other Noninterest Expense A summary of other noninterest expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Lending and other client related processing costs Correspondent bank fees Investment banking activities Trade order execution costs Data processing services Telephone Dues and publications Postage and supplies Other Total other noninterest expense 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ 29,783 $ 15,065 20,591 11,144 14,910 8,591 4,251 2,545 83,295 190,175 $ 28,491 14,503 13,733 10,813 12,536 9,861 4,603 3,198 54,841 152,579 4.5 % $ 3.9 49.9 3.1 18.9 (12.9) (7.6) (20.4) 51.9 24.6 $ 24,237 13,713 — — 10,811 9,404 4,605 2,799 21,682 87,251 17.6 % 5.8 — — 16.0 4.9 — 14.3 152.9 74.9 Other noninterest expense was $190.2 million in 2020, compared to $152.6 million in 2019. The increase was primarily due to the donation of $20.0 million from net PPP fees received from the SBA and a $6.9 million increase in investment banking expenses due to strong investment banking activity. Operating Efficiency Ratio The GAAP operating efficiency ratio increased primarily due to $49.3 million of non-recurring expenses related to real estate and charitable donations as well as higher SVB Leerink expenses as a percentage of SVB Leerink revenue. The non-GAAP core operating efficiency ratio increased due primarily to the overall increase in expenses related to our core business as a percentage of revenue driven primarily by increased compensation and benefits expense. Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests Included in net income is income and expense attributable to noncontrolling interests. The relevant amounts allocated to investors in our consolidated subsidiaries, other than us, are reflected under “net income attributable to noncontrolling interests” on our consolidated statements of income. In the table below, noninterest income consists primarily of investment gains and losses from our consolidated funds. Noninterest expense is primarily related to management fees paid by our managed funds to SVB Financial's subsidiaries as the managed funds’ general partners. A summary of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: 62 Table of Contents (Dollars in thousands) Net interest income (1) Noninterest income (1) Noninterest expense (1) Carried interest allocation (2) Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 $ $ (26) $ (29,441) 475 (56,934) (85,926) $ (72) (20,290) 835 (28,334) (47,861) (63.9) % $ 45.1 (43.1) 100.9 79.5 $ 2018 (30) (22,342) 522 (15,658) (37,508) % Change 2019/2018 140.0 % (9.2) 60.0 81.0 27.6 (1) (2) Represents noncontrolling interests’ share in net interest income, noninterest income and noninterest expense. Represents the preferred allocation of income (or change in income) earned by us as the general partner of certain consolidated funds. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests was $85.9 million in 2020, compared to $47.9 million in 2019. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests of $85.9 million for 2020 was primarily a result of the following: • • Net gains on investment securities (including carried interest allocation) attributable to noncontrolling interests of $86.4 million ($29.4 million excluding carried interest allocation) primarily from our managed funds of funds and our managed direct venture funds portfolios, related primarily to net unrealized valuation increases in both private and public company investments held by the funds in the portfolios, and Noninterest expense of $0.5 million, primarily related to management fees paid by the noncontrolling interests to our subsidiaries that serve as the general partner. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests was $47.9 million in 2019. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests of $47.9 million for 2019 was primarily a result of the following: • • Net gains on investment securities (including carried interest allocation) attributable to noncontrolling interests of $48.5 million ($20.2 million excluding carried interest allocation) primarily from our managed funds of funds and our managed direct venture funds portfolios, related primarily to net unrealized valuation increases in both private and public company investments held by the funds in the portfolios, and Noninterest expense of $0.8 million, primarily related to management fees paid by the noncontrolling interests to our subsidiaries that serve as the general partner. Income Taxes Our effective income tax expense rate was 27.0 percent in 2020, compared to 27.2 percent in 2019. Our effective tax rate is calculated by dividing income tax expense by the sum of income before income tax expense and the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. The components of our effective tax rates for 2020 and 2019 are discussed in Note 18—“Income Taxes” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. The decrease in our effective tax rate for 2020 was primarily due to an increase in the net tax benefits from our investments in qualified affordable housing projects as compared to 2019. Operating Segment Results We have four segments for which we report our financial information: Global Commercial Bank (“GCB”), SVB Private Bank, SVB Capital and SVB Leerink. We report segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of our reporting segments. Refer to Note 24—“Segment Reporting” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional details. The following is our reportable segment information for 2020, 2019 and 2018: 63 Table of Contents Global Commercial Bank (Dollars in thousands) Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Total average loans, amortized cost Total average assets Total average deposits $ $ $ 2020 2,025,240 $ (165,987) 605,733 (1,019,995) 1,444,991 $ 31,218,037 $ 75,034,226 72,127,148 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2019 1,850,391 (91,814) 637,922 (874,854) 1,521,645 26,031,284 56,043,321 53,053,665 2018 1,623,488 (80,953) 520,302 (793,159) 1,269,678 22,354,305 48,854,416 46,039,570 % Change 2019/2018 14.0 % 13.4 22.6 10.3 19.8 16.4 14.7 15.2 9.4 % $ 80.8 (5.0) 16.6 (5.0) 19.9 33.9 36.0 $ $ Income before income tax expense from our GCB decreased to $1.4 billion in 2020, compared to $1.5 billion in 2019. The key components of GCB's performance are discussed below. Net interest income from GCB increased by $174.8 million in 2020, due primarily to an increase in loan interest income resulting mainly from higher average loan balances, partially offset by a decrease in loan yields as a result of rate decreases. In addition, strong deposit growth provided a higher earnings credit and a low rate environment produced a lower earnings charge for funded loans creating a benefit of a higher net FTP earnings credit. GCB had a provision for credit losses of $166.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to a provision of $91.8 million for the comparable 2019 period. The $74.2 million increase is primarily due to the $59.2 million in additional reserves for our performing loans based on our forecast models of the current economic environment under the CECL methodology adopted January 1, 2020, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as changes in loan composition within our portfolio segments. The provision of $166.0 million also consisted of $30.7 million in additional reserves for period-end loan growth, $49.2 million for charge-offs not specifically reserved for at December 31, 2019 and $59.8 million in net new nonaccrual loans, partially offset by $29.0 million of recoveries. The provision for loan losses of $94.2 million in 2019, under the previous incurred loss methodology, was reflective primarily of $38.7 million from period- end loan growth, $56.3 million in net new specific reserves for nonaccrual loans and $43.2 million from charge-offs not specifically reserved for, partially offset by a decrease of $23.0 million for our performing loans and $21.0 million of recoveries. Noninterest income decreased by $32.2 million in 2020, related primarily to an overall decrease in our core fees (lower client investment fees and credit card fees offset by increases in foreign exchange fees and lending related fees). The decreases were due primarily to the impact of the federal rate cuts on yield rates affecting client investment fees as well as a decrease in transactional volume on credit cards due to COVID. The increase in foreign exchange fees was due primarily to increased trade volumes reflective of our global expansion initiative and increased client engagement efforts. Noninterest expense increased by $145.1 million in 2020, due primarily to increased expenses for compensation and benefits and professional services, partially offset by a decrease in business development and travel expense. Compensation and benefits expenses increased as a result of higher salaries and wages. The increase in GCB salaries and wages expenses was due primarily to an increase in the average number of FTEs at GCB, which increased by 524 to 2,874 FTEs in 2020, compared to 2,350 FTEs in 2019. Professional services expenses increased due to higher expenses primarily related to our continued effort towards investments in our infrastructure, initiatives and operating projects to support our presence both domestically and globally. Business development and travel expense decreased primarily due to the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy and our restrictions placed on domestic and international travel beginning March 2020. 64 Table of Contents SVB Private Bank (Dollars in thousands) Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Total average loans, amortized cost Total average assets Total average deposits NM—Not meaningful 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 $ $ $ 77,490 $ (21,329) 3,536 (46,099) 13,598 $ 51,022 (2,369) 3,366 (40,151) 11,868 4,195,804 $ 4,229,818 2,171,556 3,341,188 3,371,052 1,524,232 51.9 % $ NM 5.1 14.8 14.6 25.6 25.5 42.5 $ $ 2018 64,902 (3,339) 2,281 (25,064) 38,780 2,850,271 2,871,743 1,502,308 % Change 2019/2018 (21.4) % (29.1) 47.6 60.2 (69.4) 17.2 17.4 1.5 Income before income tax expense from SVB Private Bank increased to $13.6 million in 2020, compared to $11.9 million in 2019. The key drivers of SVB Private Bank's performance are discussed below: Net interest income increased by $26.5 million in 2020, due primarily to an increase in average loans, partially offset by decreases in loan yields as a result of overall market rate decreases. The provision for credit losses increased by $19.0 million due primarily to a $22.8 million increase due to loan growth partially offset by a $3.4 million decrease in reserves for our performing loans reflective primarily of improved economic scenarios in our forecast models as well as a qualitative adjustment reflective of strong credit performance. Noninterest expense increased $5.9 million to $46.1 million in 2020 due to an $6.9 million increase in compensation and benefits, partially offset by a $1.1 million decrease in business development and travel expense. Incentive compensation expense increased as a result of a strong performance during 2020. The increase in salaries and wages was due to an increase in the average number of FTEs at SVB Private Bank, which increased to 139 FTEs at year end December 31, 2020, from 123 for 2019. SVB Capital (Dollars in thousands) Net interest income Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Total average assets 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 $ $ $ 30 $ 225,954 (50,589) 175,395 $ 437,132 $ 38 122,394 (30,798) 91,634 405,152 (21.1) % $ 84.6 64.3 91.4 7.9 $ $ 2018 23 101,181 (22,792) 78,412 380,543 % Change 2019/2018 65.2 % 21.0 35.1 16.9 6.5 SVB Capital’s components of noninterest income primarily include net gains and losses on non-marketable and other equity securities, carried interest and fund management fees. All components of income before income tax expense discussed below are net of noncontrolling interests. We experience variability in the performance of SVB Capital from period to period due to a number of factors, including changes in the values of our funds’ underlying investments, changes in the amount of distributions and general economic and market conditions. Such variability may lead to volatility in the gains and losses from investment securities and cause our results to differ from period to period. Income before income tax expense from SVB Capital was $175.4 million in 2020, compared to $91.6 million in 2019. The key drivers of SVB Capital's performance are discussed below. Noninterest income was $226.0 million in 2020, compared to $122.4 million in 2019. SVB Capital’s components of noninterest income primarily included the following: 65 Table of Contents • • • Net gains on investment securities of $170.3 million, primarily driven by unrealized net valuation increases from private company investments held in our managed funds of funds portfolio as well as in our managed direct venture fund portfolio, Fund management fees of $35.7 million, included in other noninterest income, and Gains on equity warrant assets of $10.8 million reflective of net valuation increases in equity warrant assets associated with our joint venture bank in China, included in other noninterest income. Noninterest expense increased $19.8 million to $50.6 million in 2020 due to an $8.8 million increase in compensation and benefits as a result of higher incentive compensation expense and higher salaries and wages expenses as well as an increase in other noninterest expense. Incentive compensation expense increased as a result of a strong performance during 2020. The increase in salaries and wages was due to an increase in the average number of FTEs at SVB Capital, which increased to 47 FTEs at year end December 31, 2020, from 39 for 2019. Other noninterest expense increased $9.5 million primarily due to referral expenses associated with the $10.8 million in gains on equity warrant assets associated with our joint venture bank in China. SVB Leerink (Dollars in thousands) Net interest income Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Total average assets NM—Not meaningful 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, % Change 2020/2019 2018 % Change 2019/2018 $ $ $ 578 $ 495,976 (378,970) 117,584 $ 556,778 $ 1,252 264,516 (252,678) 13,090 397,650 (53.8) % $ 87.5 50.0 NM $ $ 40.0 — — — — — — % — — — — SVB Leerink’s components of noninterest income primarily include investment banking revenue, commissions and net gains and losses on non-marketable and other equity securities, carried interest and fund management fees. All components of income before income tax expense discussed below are net of noncontrolling interests. Noninterest income increased $231.5 million to $496.0 million in 2020, primarily due to a $218.8 million increase in investment banking revenues compared to 2019. The $218.8 million increase in investment banking revenues was due to record high levels of funding activity in the life science/healthcare secondary markets and by the increase in public equity underwriting fees. Noninterest expense increased $126.3 million to $379.0 million in 2020, primarily due to a $131.6 million increase in compensation and benefit expense due to an increase in incentive plan expense as a result of a strong performance during 2020, partially offset by a $7.7 million decrease in business travel expense due to the impact of travel restrictions put in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic towards the end of the first quarter of 2020. Consolidated Financial Condition Our total assets, and total liabilities and stockholders' equity were $115.5 billion at December 31, 2020 and $71.0 billion at December 31, 2019. Refer below to a summary of the individual components driving the changes in total assets, total liabilities and stockholders' equity. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents totaled $17.7 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $10.9 billion, or 160.6 percent, compared to $6.8 billion at December 31, 2019. The increase was driven by the significant growth in deposits of $40.2 billion driven primarily by increases during the second half of 2020. As of December 31, 2020, $13.7 billion of our cash and due from banks was deposited at the FRB and was earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate, and interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions were $3.0 billion. As of December 31, 2019, $3.7 billion, of our cash and due from banks was deposited at the FRB and was earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate and interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions were $2.1 billion. 66 Table of Contents Investment Securities Investment securities totaled $49.3 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $20.2 billion, or 69.6 percent, compared to $29.1 billion at December 31, 2019. Our investment securities portfolio consists primarily of: (i) an AFS securities portfolio and a HTM securities portfolio, both of which consist of interest- earning fixed income investment securities; and (ii) a non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio, which represents primarily investments managed as part of our funds management business, investments in qualified affordable housing projects, as well as public equity securities held as a result of exercised equity warrant assets. The major components of the change are explained below. The following table presents a profile of our investment securities portfolio at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Available-for-sale securities, at fair value: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost: U.S. agency debentures Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Municipal bonds and notes (1) Total held-to-maturity securities Non-marketable and other equity securities: Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting): Consolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments Unconsolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments Other investments without a readily determinable fair value Other equity securities in public companies (fair value accounting) Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments Debt funds Other investments Investments in qualified affordable housing projects, net Total non-marketable and other equity securities Total investment securities 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 $ 4,469,728 $ 237,307 24,492 6,894,010 $ 99,547 9,038 13,503,681 8,106,564 — 4,570,666 30,912,438 4,148,791 1,538,343 — 1,325,190 14,014,919 4,738,258 1,084,117 5,812 — 1,880,218 81,638 — 7,790,043 402,265 518,728 640,990 7,739,763 1,735,451 136,913 2,942,959 3,634,802 16,592,153 88,937 184,886 60,975 280,804 6,992,009 1,608,032 178,611 2,759,615 1,785,951 13,842,946 87,180 178,217 55,255 59,200 362,192 5,444 202,809 616,188 1,802,235 49,306,826 $ 215,367 7,271 152,863 458,476 1,213,829 29,071,694 $ $ 8,103,638 2,183,204 214,483 2,769,706 1,575,421 15,487,442 118,333 201,098 25,668 20,398 129,485 5,826 121,721 318,575 941,104 24,218,589 (1) Amortized cost net of allowance for credit losses of $392 thousand for December 31, 2020 and zero for both December 31, 2019 and 2018. 67 Table of Contents Available-for-Sale Securities Period-end AFS securities were $30.9 billion at December 31, 2020, compared to $14.0 billion at December 31, 2019. The increase of $16.9 billion in 2020 was primarily due to purchases of new investments of $23.2 billion and a $0.6 billion increase in our AFS portfolio reflective of the 150 basis point decrease in Federal Funds interest rates, partially offset by $4.2 billion in paydowns and scheduled maturities, and sales of $2.7 billion of U.S. Treasury securities. Securities classified as available-for-sale are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized gains or losses in a separate component of stockholders' equity. The following table summarizes the remaining contractual principal maturities and fully taxable equivalent yields on fixed income securities, carried at fair value, classified as AFS as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average yield is computed using the amortized cost of fixed income investment securities, which are reported at fair value. For U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. agency debentures and foreign government debt securities, the expected maturity is the actual contractual maturity of the notes. Expected remaining maturities for certain U.S. agency debentures may occur earlier than their contractual maturities because the note issuers have the right to call outstanding amounts ahead of their contractual maturity. Expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities may differ significantly from their contractual maturities because mortgage borrowers have the right to prepay outstanding loan obligations with or without penalties. Mortgage-backed securities classified as AFS typically have original contractual maturities from 10 to 30 years whereas expected average lives of these securities tend to be significantly shorter and vary based upon structure and prepayments in lower interest rate environments. The weighted average yield on mortgage- backed securities is based on prepayment assumptions at the purchase date. Actual yields earned may differ significantly based upon actual prepayments. Total One Year or Less December 31, 2020 After One Year to Five Years After Five Years to Ten Years After Ten Years (Dollars in thousands) U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - fixed rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total Carrying Value $ 4,469,728 237,307 Carrying Value Weighted Average Yield 1.86 % $ 10,092 — 1.56 Weighted Average Yield 0.10 % $ 3,532,784 — Carrying Value — Weighted Average Yield 1.85 % $ 926,852 237,307 Carrying Value — Weighted Average Yield 1.89 % $ 1.56 24,492 (0.70) 24,492 (0.70) — — — — Carrying Value Weighted Average Yield — — — — % — — 13,503,681 1.58 8,106,564 4,570,666 $ 30,912,438 1.25 1.70 1.55 — — — $ 34,584 — — — (0.47) — — — $ 3,532,784 — — — 1.85 — — — 13,503,681 1.58 — 8,106,564 1.25 1,502,572 $ 2,666,731 1.77 1.79 3,068,094 $ 24,678,339 1.66 1.48 68 Table of Contents Held-to-Maturity Securities Period-end HTM securities were $16.6 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $2.8 billion, or 19.9 percent, compared to $13.8 billion at December 31, 2019. The increase was due to new purchases of $6.8 billion, partially offset by paydowns and scheduled maturities of $4.0 billion. Securities classified as HTM are accounted for at cost with no adjustments for changes in fair value. For securities re-designated as HTM from AFS, the unrealized gains at the date of transfer will continue to be reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity and are being amortized over the life of the securities in a manner consistent with the amortization of a premium or discount. The following table summarizes the remaining contractual principal maturities and fully taxable equivalent yields on fixed income investment securities classified as HTM as of December 31, 2020. Interest income on certain municipal bonds and notes (non-taxable investments) are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the federal statutory tax rate of 21.0 percent. The weighted average yield is computed using the amortized cost of fixed income investment securities. For U.S. agency debentures, the expected maturity is the actual contractual maturity of the notes. Expected maturities for mortgage- backed securities may differ significantly from their contractual maturities because mortgage borrowers have the right to prepay outstanding loan obligations with or without penalties. Mortgage-backed securities classified as HTM typically have original contractual maturities from 10 to 30 years whereas expected average lives of these securities tend to be significantly shorter and vary based upon structure and prepayments in lower interest rate environments. The weighted average yield on mortgage-backed securities is based on prepayment assumptions at the purchase date. Actual yields earned may differ significantly based upon actual prepayments. Total One Year or Less December 31, 2020 After One Year to Five Years After Five Years to Ten Years After Ten Years Amortized Cost 402,265 $ Weighted Average Yield 2.65 % $ Amortized Cost 4,675 Weighted Average Yield 3.22 % $ 148,478 Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield 2.59 % $ 249,112 Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield 2.67 % $ Amortized Cost Weighted Average Yield — — % 7,739,763 2.19 4,762 2.05 20,389 1.94 540,731 2.47 7,173,881 2.17 1,735,451 1.48 136,913 0.74 2,942,959 2.48 — — — — — — 5,952 1.76 494,532 1.62 1,234,967 1.42 — — — — — — 136,913 0.74 102,359 3.56 2,840,600 2.44 3,635,194 $ 16,592,545 2.43 2.35 46,292 $ 55,729 2.56 2.57 144,347 $ 319,166 2.61 2.54 669,281 $ 2,056,015 2.32 2.70 2,775,274 $ 14,161,635 2.48 2.33 (Dollars in thousands) U.S. agency debentures Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage- backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - fixed rate Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - variable rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Municipal bonds and notes - tax exempt Total Portfolio duration is a standard measure used to approximate changes in the market value of fixed income instruments due to a change in market interest rates. The measure is an estimate based on the level of current market interest rates, expectations for changes in the path of forward rates and the effect of forward rates on mortgage prepayment speed assumptions. As such, portfolio duration will fluctuate with changes in market interest rates. Changes in portfolio duration are also impacted by changes in the mix of longer versus shorter term-to-maturity securities. At December 31, 2020, our estimated fixed income securities portfolio weighted-average duration was 3.7 years, compared to 3.9 at December 31, 2019. 69 Table of Contents Non-Marketable and Other Equity Securities Non-marketable and other equity securities were $1.8 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $0.6 billion, or 48.5 percent, compared to $1.2 billion at December 31, 2019. Included in our non-marketable and other equity securities carried under fair value accounting are amounts that are attributable to noncontrolling interests. We are required under GAAP to consolidate certain SVB Capital funds, even though we may own less than 100 percent of such entities. See below for a summary of the carrying value (as reported) of non-marketable and other equity securities compared to the amounts attributable to SVBFG. The increase in non-marketable and other equity securities of $0.6 billion in 2020 was primarily attributable to equity securities from exercised warrants, valuation increases in our other public equity securities, new investments within our qualified housing projects portfolio and valuation increases and additional investment in our venture capital and private equity funds investments. The following table summarizes the carrying value (as reported) of non-marketable and other equity securities compared to the amounts attributable to SVBFG (which generally represents the carrying value times our ownership percentage) at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Non-marketable and other equity securities: Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting): Consolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments (1) Unconsolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments (2) Other investments without a readily determinable fair value (3) Other equity securities in public companies (fair value accounting) (4) Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting) (5): Venture capital and private equity fund investments Debt funds Other investments Investments in qualified affordable housing projects, net Total non-marketable and other equity securities $ 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG $ 88,937 $ 22,783 $ 87,180 $ 22,482 $ 118,333 $ 30,235 184,886 184,886 178,217 178,217 201,098 201,098 60,975 60,975 280,804 280,804 55,255 59,200 55,255 59,056 25,668 20,398 362,192 5,444 202,809 616,188 1,802,235 $ 214,904 5,444 202,809 616,188 1,588,793 $ 215,367 7,271 152,863 458,476 1,213,829 $ 131,403 7,271 152,863 458,476 1,065,023 $ 129,485 5,826 121,721 318,575 941,104 $ 25,668 20,098 82,921 5,826 121,721 318,575 806,142 (1) The following table shows the amounts of venture capital and private equity fund investments held by the following consolidated funds and amounts attributable to SVBFG for each fund at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: 70 Table of Contents (Dollars in thousands) Strategic Investors Fund, LP Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP Growth Partners, LP CP I, LP Total consolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments $ $ 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG 4,850 $ 609 $ 5,729 $ 720 $ 49,574 34,513 — 10,684 11,490 — 45,341 35,976 134 9,772 11,976 14 12,452 $ 53,957 50,845 1,079 1,564 11,629 16,927 115 88,937 $ 22,783 $ 87,180 $ 22,482 $ 118,333 $ 30,235 (2) (3) (4) The carrying values represented investments in 162 and 205 funds (primarily venture capital funds) at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, where our ownership interest is typically less than 5% of the voting interests of each such fund and in which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the partnerships operating activities and financial policies. Our unconsolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments at fair value based on the fund investments' net asset values per share as obtained from the general partners of the funds. For each fund investment, we adjust the net asset value per share for differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment’s net asset value st by using the most recently available financial information from the investee general partner, for example September 30 , for our December 31 consolidated financial statements, adjusted for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment and significant fund transactions or market events during the reporting period. th Investments classified as "Other investments without a readily determinable fair value" include direct equity investments in private companies. The carrying value is based on the price at which the investment was acquired plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments. We consider a range of factors when adjusting the fair value of these investments, including, but not limited to, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, exit strategies, financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment and a discount for certain investments that have lock-up restrictions or other features that indicate a discount to fair value is warranted. For further details on the carrying value of these investments refer to Note 8—“Investment Securities" of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Investments classified as other equity securities (fair value accounting) represent shares held in public companies as a result of exercising public equity warrant assets and direct equity investments in public companies held by our consolidated funds. Changes in the fair value recognized through net income. This amount includes total unrealized gains of $72.0 million in BigCommerce which was subject to a lock-up agreement as of December 31, 2020. The lock- up expired in February 2021 at which time we sold all of our common shares as discussed above. 71 Table of Contents (5) The following table shows the carrying value and our ownership percentage of each investment at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (equity method accounting): (Dollars in thousands) Venture capital and private equity fund investments: Strategic Investors Fund II, LP Strategic Investors Fund III, LP Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP Strategic Investors Fund V funds CP II, LP (i) Other venture capital and private equity fund investments Total venture capital and private equity fund investments Debt funds: Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP (ii) Other debt funds Total debt funds Other investments: SPD Silicon Valley Bank Co., Ltd. Other investments Total other investments December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG Carrying value (as reported) Amount attributable to SVBFG $ 3,705 $ 3,435 $ 3,612 $ 3,387 $ 4,670 $ 16,110 25,169 67,052 7,887 13,005 21,145 35,202 4,766 15,668 27,064 46,830 5,907 242,269 137,351 116,286 12,701 22,780 24,586 3,567 64,382 17,396 28,974 28,189 7,122 43,134 4,366 14,059 24,388 14,799 4,308 21,001 $ $ $ $ $ 362,192 $ 214,904 $ 215,367 $ 131,403 $ 129,485 $ 82,921 3,941 $ 1,503 5,444 $ 3,941 $ 1,503 5,444 $ 5,525 $ 1,746 7,271 $ 5,525 $ 1,746 7,271 $ 3,901 $ 1,925 5,826 $ 3,901 1,925 5,826 115,232 $ 87,577 202,809 $ 115,232 $ 87,577 202,809 $ 74,190 $ 78,673 152,863 $ 74,190 $ 78,673 152,863 $ 76,412 $ 45,309 121,721 $ 76,412 45,309 121,721 (i) (ii) Our ownership includes direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent through our investments in Strategic Investors Fund II, LP. Our ownership includes direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent. Volcker Rule On June 6, 2017, we received notice that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve approved the Company’s application for an extension of the permitted conformance period for the Company’s investments in “illiquid” covered funds. The approval extends the deadline by which the Company must sell, divest, restructure or otherwise conform such investments to the provisions of the Volcker Rule until the earlier of (i) July 21, 2022 or (ii) the date by which each fund matures by its terms or is otherwise conformed to the Volcker Rule. As implemented under the Dodd-Frank Act, the Volcker Rule prohibits, subject to certain exceptions, a banking entity, such as the Company, from sponsoring or investing in covered funds, defined to include many venture capital and private equity funds. As noted above, the Company currently maintains certain investments deemed to be prohibited covered fund investments. As of December 31, 2020, under current regulations, we estimate that the aggregate carrying value and fair value of venture capital and private equity fund investments deemed to be prohibited covered fund interests, and therefore subject to the Volcker Rule’s restrictions, was approximately $230 million. We are currently assessing the extent of the impact of amendments to the Volcker Rule which provide for certain exclusions from the Volcker Rule restrictions. (For more information, see "Business - Supervision and Regulatory - Proprietary Trading and Relationships with Certain Funds" under Part I, Item I of this report.) Loans The following table details the composition of the loan portfolio, amortized cost basis, as of the five most recent year-ends: 72 Table of Contents (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent (1) Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent (1) Private bank (2) (6) Balance sheet dependent (1) Premium wine (2) (6) Other (2) (6) SBA loans Total loans (3) (4) (5) 2020 2019 December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ 25,543,198 $ 17,696,794 $ 14,125,945 $ 9,836,939 $ 7,739,568 1,485,866 1,564,870 1,921,082 4,971,818 1,989,173 2,945,360 4,934,533 4,901,056 2,191,023 1,052,643 27,687 1,559,530 45,181,488 $ $ 1,624,221 1,047,398 1,663,576 4,335,195 2,185,497 2,238,741 4,424,238 3,492,269 1,286,153 1,062,264 867,723 — 1,670,644 1,353,332 1,382,286 4,406,262 2,290,957 1,787,141 4,078,098 3,070,675 1,373,685 959,792 323,823 — 1,409,871 1,275,654 1,125,453 3,810,978 2,156,508 1,793,539 3,950,047 2,668,435 1,489,002 872,932 477,983 — 33,164,636 $ 28,338,280 $ 23,106,316 $ 1,258,394 1,100,933 786,819 3,146,146 2,362,679 1,537,129 3,899,808 2,211,254 1,858,557 879,164 165,447 — 19,899,944 (1) Due to the diverse nature of energy and resource innovation products and services, for our loan-related reporting purposes, ERI-related loans are reported under the Investor Dependent, Cash Flow Dependent and Balance Sheet Dependent risk-based segments above. (3) (2) As of December 31, 2020, as a result of enhanced portfolio characteristic definitions for our risk-based segments, loans in the amount of $426.6 million and $52.5 million that would have been reported in Other under historical definitions, are now being reported in our Private Bank and Premium Wine risk-based segments, respectively. Total loans at amortized cost is net of unearned income of $226 million, $163 million, $173 million, $148 million and $125 million in 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Included within our total loan portfolio are credit card loans of $400 million, $395 million, $335 million, $270 million, and $224 million at December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and primarily represent corporate credit cards. Included in our total loan portfolio are construction loans of $118 million, $183 million, $196 million, $169 million and $175 million at December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Construction loans consist of qualified affordable housing project loans made to fulfill our responsibilities under the Community Reinvestment Act and are primarily secured by real estate. (4) (5) (6) Of our total loans, the table below includes those secured by real estate at amortized cost at December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016 and were comprised of the following: (Dollars in thousands) Real estate secured loans: Private bank: Loans for personal residence Loans to eligible employees Home equity lines of credit Other Total private bank loans secured by real estate Premium wine Other Total real estate secured loans 2020 2019 December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ $ $ 3,392,237 $ 481,098 42,449 142,895 4,058,679 $ 824,008 56,882 4,939,569 $ 2,829,880 $ 401,396 55,461 38,880 3,325,617 $ 820,730 — 2,251,292 $ 290,194 71,485 40,435 2,653,406 $ 710,397 — 1,995,840 $ 243,118 61,548 42,068 2,342,574 $ 669,053 — 4,146,347 $ 3,363,803 $ 3,011,627 $ 1,655,349 199,291 72,328 43,487 1,970,455 678,166 — 2,648,621 73 Table of Contents Loans, amortized cost basis, increased from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020 with the largest increases driven primarily by our Global Fund Banking, SBA and Private Bank risk-based segments. The increase in risk-based segments was primarily driven by participation in the Paycheck Protection Program and increased credit line utilization as well as new client acquisition. Loan Concentration Loan concentrations may exist when there are borrowers engaged in similar activities or types of loans extended to a diverse group of borrowers that could cause those borrowers or portfolios to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions. A substantial percentage of our loans are commercial in nature. The breakdown of total loans and loans as a percentage of total loans by risk-based segment is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total loans (1) December 31, 2020 2019 Amount Percentage Amount Percentage $ 25,543,198 56.5 % $ 17,712,797 53.1 % 1,485,866 1,564,870 1,921,082 4,971,818 1,989,173 2,945,360 4,934,533 4,901,056 2,191,023 1,052,643 27,687 1,559,530 45,181,488 $ 3.3 3.5 4.2 11.0 4.4 6.5 10.9 10.9 4.8 2.3 0.1 3.5 100.0 $ 1,653,425 1,066,783 1,698,676 4,418,884 2,203,020 2,252,847 4,455,867 3,489,219 1,297,304 1,063,512 890,121 — 33,327,704 5.0 3.2 5.1 13.3 6.6 6.8 13.4 10.4 3.9 3.2 2.7 — 100.0 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis. 74 Table of Contents The following table provides a summary of total loans by size and risk-based segment. The breakout below is based on total client balances (individually or in the aggregate) as of December 31, 2020 to any single client: (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other Total loans (1) (2) Less than Five Million $ 1,052,067 $ Five to Ten Million 1,360,621 $ Ten to Twenty Million 2,636,556 $ Twenty to Thirty Million 2,777,270 $ Thirty Million or More 17,722,678 $ Total 25,549,192 December 31, 2020 1,896,260 814,426 281,953 2,992,639 17,821 401,266 419,087 3,505,413 230,787 241,806 — $ 8,441,799 $ 221,258 492,856 596,965 1,311,079 66,823 228,336 295,159 597,344 332,523 272,506 18,673 4,187,905 $ 100,553 277,754 692,923 1,071,230 546,416 535,974 1,082,390 319,019 461,204 300,292 16,057 5,886,748 $ 27,781 95,011 269,587 392,379 653,706 649,766 1,303,472 94,935 289,502 120,740 — — 133,321 174,159 307,480 714,085 1,486,180 2,200,265 385,270 926,121 144,924 — 4,978,298 $ 21,686,738 $ 2,245,852 1,813,368 2,015,587 6,074,807 1,998,851 3,301,522 5,300,373 4,901,981 2,240,137 1,080,268 34,730 45,181,488 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis. Included in total loans at amortized cost is approximately $1.6 billion in PPP loans. The PPP loans consist of loans from all risk-based segments. (2) At December 31, 2020, loans equal to or greater than $20 million to any single client (individually or in the aggregate) totaled $26.7 billion, or 59.0 percent of our total loan portfolio. These loans represented 544 clients, and of these loans, $65.0 million were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2020. The following table provides a summary of loans by size and risk-based segment. The breakout below is based on total client balances (individually or in the aggregate) as of December 31, 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other Total loans (1) Less than Five Million $ 1,016,051 $ Five to Ten Million 1,082,201 $ Ten to Twenty Million 2,559,384 $ Twenty to Thirty Million 2,029,547 $ Thirty Million or More 11,025,614 $ Total 17,712,797 December 31, 2019 1,090,852 544,167 167,500 1,802,519 16,034 206,209 222,243 2,791,587 256,247 243,094 526,850 6,858,591 $ 260,685 316,617 348,832 926,134 97,458 86,929 184,387 359,429 269,744 267,389 40,511 3,129,795 $ $ 191,661 156,418 648,382 996,461 76,542 49,581 304,373 430,496 33,685 — 229,589 263,274 550,753 465,304 1,016,057 191,979 404,356 261,951 106,247 5,536,435 $ 723,737 463,073 1,186,810 49,996 78,197 148,469 112,764 4,036,279 $ 815,038 1,031,332 1,846,370 96,228 288,760 142,609 103,749 13,766,604 $ 1,653,425 1,066,783 1,698,676 4,418,884 2,203,020 2,252,847 4,455,867 3,489,219 1,297,304 1,063,512 890,121 33,327,704 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis. At December 31, 2019, loans equal to or greater than $20 million to any single client (individually or in the aggregate) totaled $17.8 billion, or 53.4 percent of our total loan portfolio. These loans represented 397 clients, and of these loans, $37.3 million were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2019. 75 Table of Contents Our three main market segments include (i) Global Fund Banking (formerly private equity/venture capital), (ii) technology (software/internet and hardware) and life science/healthcare and (iii) SVB Private Bank. (i) Global Fund Banking Our Global Fund Banking loan portfolio includes financial services to clients in the private equity/venture capital community. Our lending to private equity/venture capital firms and funds represented 57 percent of total loans at December 31, 2020 and 53 percent at December 31, 2019. The vast majority of this portfolio consists of capital call lines of credit, the repayment of which is dependent on the payment of capital calls by the underlying limited partner investors in the funds managed by these firms. These facilities are generally governed by meaningful financial covenants oriented towards ensuring that the funds' remaining callable capital is sufficient to repay the loan, and larger commitments (typically provided to larger private equity funds) are often secured by an assignment of the general partner's right to call capital from the fund's limited partner investors. (ii) Technology and Life Science/Healthcare Our technology and life science/healthcare loan portfolios include loans to clients at the various stages of their life cycles. The risk-based segments for our technology and life science/healthcare market segments are classified as investor dependent, cash flow dependent or balance sheet dependent for reporting purposes. Investor dependent loans represented 11 percent of total loans at December 31, 2020 and 13 percent at December 31, 2019. These loans are made to companies in both our Accelerator (early-stage) and Growth practices (mid-stage and later-stage). Cash flow dependent loans, which include sponsor led buyout lending, represented 11 percent of total loans at December 31, 2020 and 13 percent at December 31, 2019. Sponsor led buyout loans represented 4 percent of total loans at December 31, 2020, compared to 7 percent at December 31, 2019. Balance sheet dependent loans, which include asset-based loans, represented 5 percent of total loans at December 31, 2020 and 4 percent at December 31, 2019. Working capital lines and accounts receivable financing, both part of our asset-based lending, represented one percent and half a percent of total loans, respectively, at December 31, 2020 and two percent and one percent of total loans, respectively, at December 31, 2019. (iii) SVB Private Bank Our SVB Private Bank clients are primarily executive leaders and senior investment professionals in the innovation economy. Our lending to SVB Private Bank clients represented 11 percent of total loans at December 31, 2020 and 10 percent at December 31, 2019. Many of these clients have mortgages, which represented 83 percent of this portfolio at December 31, 2020; the balance of this portfolio consisted of home equity lines of credit, restricted and private stock loans, capital call lines of credit, lines of credit against liquid assets and other secured and unsecured lending products. In addition, we provide owner occupied commercial mortgages to Private Bank clients and real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP. Paycheck Protection Program Beginning in April 2020, we accepted applications under the PPP administered by the Small Business Association (“SBA”) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act"), as amended by the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act (the "Economic Aid Act") enacted on December 27, 2020, and have originated loans to qualified small businesses. Under the terms of the program, loans funded through the PPP are eligible to be forgiven if certain requirements are met, including using the funds for certain costs relating to payroll, healthcare and qualifying mortgage interest, rent and utility payments. Eligible expenses also include covered operations expenditures, covered property damage costs, covered supplier costs and covered worker protection expenditures. To the extent not forgiven, loans are subject to certain terms including, among others, the following: maximum two-year term for loans issued before June 5, 2020 (unless borrower and lender agree otherwise); a maximum five-year term for loans issued on or after June 5, 2020; an interest rate of 1.0%; deferral of loan payments until a loan forgiveness decision is rendered or until 10 months after the end of a borrower’s forgiveness covered period; and no requirement for any collateral or personal guarantees. PPP borrowers are not required to pay any fees to the government or the lender, and the loans may be repaid by the borrower at any time. The SBA, however, will pay lenders a processing fee based on the size of the PPP loan, ranging from 1% to 5% of the loan for loans made before the enactment of the Economic Aid Act, and thereafter, a processing fee of (1) the lesser of 50% of the loan or $2,500 for loans of not more than $50,000, (2) 5% of the loan for loans above $50,000 but not more than $350,000 and (3) 3% of the loan for loans above $350,000 (and, in case of the first draw PPP loans only, a fee of 1% for the loans at or above $2,000,000). Pursuant to the Economic Aid Act, additional loans may be issued up until March 31, 2021, and certain PPP 76 Table of Contents borrowers are able to apply for second draw loans in an amount of up to $2 million. We continue to participate in the PPP, including the second draw loan program. As of December 31, 2020, we have outstanding PPP loans in the amount of $1.6 billion, as approved by the SBA. This funded amount reflects repayments received as of such date. Additionally, we have donated approximately $20 million in PPP fees received from the SBA, net of our costs incurred, to charitable relief efforts. Loan Deferral Programs In April 2020, we implemented three loan payment deferral programs targeted to assist borrowers who were the most impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These programs included relief for venture-backed, private bank and wine borrowers who met certain criteria. The three-month private bank and wine deferral programs ended, and payments resumed, in the third quarter of 2020. The six-month venture debt and private bank deferral programs ended, and payments resumed, in the fourth quarter of 2020. As of December 31, 2020, loans modified under these programs had outstanding balances of $768.9 million, $12.6 million and $1.6 million for venture-backed, private bank and wine borrowers, respectively. These amounts reflect repayments received as of December 31, 2020. For loans modified under these programs, in accordance with the provisions of Section 4013 of the CARES Act, we elected to not apply troubled debt restructuring classifications to borrowers who were current as of December 31, 2019. In addition, for loans modified under these programs that did not meet the CARES Act criteria, we applied the guidance in an interagency statement issued by bank regulatory agencies. Using this guidance, we may find that borrowers are not experiencing financial difficulty that may otherwise result in a TDR classification, in accordance with ASC Subtopic 310-40, if loan modifications are performed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, provide short-term loan payment deferrals (e.g. six months in duration) and are granted to borrowers who were current as of the implementation date of the loan modification program. We evaluated all loans modified under these programs against the CARES Act and interagency guidance, as applicable, and determined the loan modifications would not be considered TDRs. We did not defer interest income recognition during periods of payment deferral, nor did any qualifying modification trigger nonaccrual status. The effectiveness of our programs is uncertain considering the unknown duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. State Concentrations Approximately 26 percent of our outstanding total loan balances as of December 31, 2020 were to borrowers based in California compared to 27 percent as of December 31, 2019. Additionally, as of December 31, 2020, borrowers in New York and Massachusetts increased to 10 percent of our outstanding total loan balances each as of December 31, 2020, compared to nine percent each as of December 31, 2019. Other than California, New York and Massachusetts, as of December 31, 2020, there are no states with loan balances greater than or equal to 10 percent. See generally "Risk Factors—Credit Risks" set forth under Part I, Item 1A of this report. 77 Table of Contents As of December 31, 2020, 92 percent, or $41.4 billion, of our outstanding total loans were variable-rate loans that adjust at a prescribed measurement date upon a change in our prime-lending rate or other variable indices, compared to 93 percent, or $30.9 billion, as of December 31, 2019. The following table sets forth the remaining contractual maturity distribution of our total loans by risk-based segment at December 31, 2020, for fixed and variable rate loans: (Dollars in thousands) Fixed-rate loans: Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total fixed-rate loans Variable-rate loans: Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total variable-rate loans Total loans One Year or Less Remaining Contractual Maturity of Loans After One Year and Through Five Years After Five Years Total $ 411,569 $ 7,394 $ 4,204 $ 423,167 88,648 40,964 40,332 169,944 4,641 184,447 189,088 5,881 32,353 22,786 16,940 — 848,561 $ 15,768 18,974 32,756 67,498 31,389 50,703 82,092 130,599 5,062 171,465 6,915 1,559,524 2,030,549 $ — — — — 44,376 — 44,376 374,581 — 524,745 3,830 — 951,736 $ 104,416 59,938 73,088 237,442 80,406 235,150 315,556 511,061 37,415 718,996 27,685 1,559,524 3,830,846 24,390,171 $ 637,294 $ 92,566 $ 25,120,031 79,555 121,908 218,061 419,524 178,733 865,375 1,044,108 154,133 518,075 164,903 — 6 26,690,920 27,539,481 $ 1,273,147 1,216,883 1,629,933 4,119,963 1,628,879 1,628,452 3,257,331 358,066 1,598,199 127,954 — — 10,098,807 12,129,356 $ 28,748 166,141 — 194,889 101,155 216,383 317,538 3,877,796 37,334 40,790 2 — 4,560,915 5,512,651 $ 1,381,450 1,504,932 1,847,994 4,734,376 1,908,767 2,710,210 4,618,977 4,389,995 2,153,608 333,647 2 6 41,350,642 45,181,488 $ $ $ Upon maturity, loans satisfying our credit quality standards may be eligible for renewal. Such renewals are subject to the normal underwriting and credit administration practices associated with new loans. We do not grant loans with unconditional extension terms. 78 Table of Contents Loan Administration The Credit Committee of our Board of Directors oversees our credit risks and strategies, as well as our key credit policies and lending practices. Subject to the oversight of the Credit Committee, lending authority is delegated to our Chief Credit Officer and other senior members of our lending management based on certain size and underwriting criteria. Credit Quality Indicators As of both December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, our total criticized loans and nonaccrual loans collectively represented three percent of our total loans. Criticized loans and nonaccrual loans to early-stage clients represented 15 percent and 23 percent of our total criticized loans and nonaccrual loan balances at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Loans to early-stage clients represent a relatively small percentage of our overall portfolio at three and five percent of total loans at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. It is common for an early-stage client’s remaining liquidity to fall temporarily below the threshold for a pass-rated credit during its capital-raising period for a new round of funding. Based on our experience, for most early- stage clients, this situation typically lasts one to two quarters and generally resolves itself with a subsequent round of venture funding, though there are exceptions, from time to time. As a result, we expect that each of our early-stage clients will reside in our criticized portfolio during a portion of their life cycle. Credit Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans and for Unfunded Credit Commitments The following table presents a summary of the activity for the allowance for credit losses as of the five most recent year-ends: (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses, beginning balance Impact of adopting ASC 326 Charge-offs: Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Growth stage Total investor dependent Cash flow and balance sheet dependent Private bank Premium wine and other SBA loans Total charge-offs Recoveries: Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Growth stage Total investor dependent Cash flow and balance sheet dependent Private bank Premium wine and other SBA loans Total recoveries Provision for loans Foreign currency translation adjustments Allowance for credit losses, ending balance 2020 2019 Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 $ 304,924 $ 25,464 280,903 $ — 255,024 $ — 225,366 $ — 2016 217,613 — — (2,047) (112) (323) — (35,305) (53,338) (88,643) (11,187) (1,616) (1,458) — (102,904) (31,568) (53,255) (84,823) (3,118) (1,031) (1,584) — (92,603) (32,495) (16,727) (49,222) (16,223) (289) (2,071) — (67,917) (35,362) (10,298) (45,660) (18,956) (1,566) (177) — (66,682) (42,576) (20,454) (63,030) (33,633) (102) (92) — (96,857) — 2,047 — — — 10,821 14,042 24,863 2,846 30 1,279 — 29,018 189,226 2,037 447,765 $ 9,088 4,945 14,033 4,683 255 20 — 21,038 94,183 1,403 304,924 $ 6,154 2,873 9,027 2,064 486 59 — 11,636 84,292 (2,132) 280,903 $ 2,635 2,516 5,151 1,807 1,363 217 — 8,538 85,939 1,863 255,024 $ 2,963 2,001 4,964 6,519 258 471 — 12,212 95,697 (3,299) 225,366 $ 79 Table of Contents To determine the ACL for performing loans as of December 31, 2020, we utilized three scenarios, on a weighted basis, from Moody’s Analytics December 2020 forecast in our expected lifetime loss estimates. The baseline scenario, which carries the highest weighting, reflected an unemployment rate of seven percent as of December 31, 2020, as a result of expected business re-openings and the effect of government aid programs, and a GDP growth rate of four percent as of December 31, 2020, reflecting expected economic recovery as well as the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also utilized a more favorable (Moody’s S1, Upside) and a less favorable (Moody’s S3, Downside) economic forecast scenario, in addition to the baseline. To the extent we identified credit risk considerations that were not captured by the Moody's Analytics December 2020 scenarios, we addressed the risk through management's qualitative adjustments to our ACL for performing loans. In 2020, total charge-offs increased to $102.9 million compared to $92.6 million in 2019. Gross loan charge-offs in 2020 came primarily from our Investor Dependent loan portfolio. The following table summarizes the allocation of the ACL for our portfolio segments as of the five most recent year-ends: 2020 2019 December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Growth stage Total investor dependent Total cash flow and balance sheet dependent Private bank Premium wine and other SBA loans Total ACL Amount 45,584 $ 86,674 126,683 213,357 124,249 53,629 9,036 1,910 $ 447,765 Percent of Total Loans (1) ACL Amount 56.5 % $ 107,285 Percent of Total Loans (1) 53.1 % $ ACL Amount 93,781 Percent of Total Loans (1) 49.6 % $ ACL Amount 82,468 Percent of Total Loans (1) 42.3 % $ ACL Amount 50,299 Percent of Total Loans (1) 38.7 % 3.3 7.7 11.0 26,245 56,125 82,370 5.0 8.3 13.3 25,885 46,216 72,101 6.0 9.8 15.8 22,742 38,280 61,022 6.2 10.5 16.7 21,132 33,086 54,218 15.7 10.9 2.4 3.5 80,820 21,551 12,898 — 100.0 % $ 304,924 17.3 10.4 5.9 — 87,735 20,583 6,703 — 100.0 % $ 280,903 19.3 10.7 4.6 — 87,620 16,441 7,473 — 100.0 % $ 255,024 23.6 11.5 5.9 — 99,782 12,184 8,883 — 100.0 % $ 225,366 6.4 9.6 16.0 29.0 11.0 5.3 — 100.0 % (1) Represents loan balances as a percentage of total loans at each respective year-end. As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis. 80 Table of Contents Nonperforming Assets Nonperforming assets consist of loans on nonaccrual status, loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest, and Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) and other foreclosed assets. We measure all loans placed on nonaccrual status for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral or the net present value of the expected cash flows. The table below sets forth certain data and ratios between nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets and the allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded credit commitments: (Dollars in thousands) Nonperforming, past due, and restructured loans: Nonaccrual loans Loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest Total nonperforming loans (1) OREO and other foreclosed assets Total nonperforming assets Performing TDRs Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans (1) Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets Allowance for credit losses for loans As a percentage of total loans (1) As a percentage of total nonperforming loans (1) Allowance for credit losses for nonaccrual loans As a percentage of total loans (1) As a percentage of total nonperforming loans (1) Allowance for credit losses for total performing loans As a percentage of total loans (1) As a percentage of total performing loans (1) Total loans (1) Total performing loans (1) Allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments (2) As a percentage of total unfunded credit commitments 2020 2019 December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 104,244 — 104,244 1,179 105,423 4,550 0.23 % 0.09 447,765 0.99 % 429.54 54,029 0.12 % 51.83 393,736 0.87 % 0.87 45,181,488 45,077,244 120,796 0.38 % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 102,669 3,515 106,184 — 106,184 31,990 0.32 % 0.15 304,924 0.91 % 287.17 44,859 0.13 % 42.25 260,065 0.78 % 0.78 33,327,704 33,221,520 67,656 0.28 % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 94,142 1,964 96,106 — 96,106 31,639 0.34 % 0.17 280,903 0.99 % 292.28 37,941 0.13 % 39.48 242,962 0.85 % 0.86 28,511,312 28,415,206 55,183 0.29 % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 119,259 191 119,450 — 119,450 71,468 0.51 % 0.23 255,024 1.10 % 213.50 41,793 0.18 % 34.99 213,231 0.92 % 0.92 23,254,153 23,134,703 51,770 0.30 % 118,979 33 119,012 — 119,012 33,732 0.59 % 0.27 225,366 1.13 % 189.36 37,277 0.19 % 31.32 188,089 0.94 % 0.94 20,024,662 19,905,650 45,265 0.27 % Total unfunded credit commitments (3) $ 31,982,251 $ 24,521,920 $ 18,913,021 $ 17,462,537 $ 16,743,196 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed, and ratios are calculated, using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed, and ratios calculated, using the gross basis. The “allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments” is included as a component of other liabilities and any provision is included in the "provision for credit losses" in the statement of income. See “Provision for Credit Losses” for a discussion of the changes to the allowance. Includes unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit. (2) (3) Our allowance for credit losses for loans as a percentage of total loans increased eight basis points to 0.99 percent at December 31, 2020, compared to 0.91 percent at December 31, 2019 under the previous incurred loss methodology. The increase was due primarily to a nine basis point increase in our performing loan reserve as a percentage of total loans and a one basis point decrease for nonaccrual loans. Our allowance for credit losses for performing loans was $393.7 million at December 31, 2020, compared to $260.1 million at December 31, 2019. Included in the allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2020 is the day one impact of adopting CECL of $22.4 million driven by an increase in our expected credit loss for our Investor Dependent loan portfolio given the higher relative risk as well as the portfolio's duration, which is taken into account under the CECL methodology, partially offset by a decrease for our Global Fund Banking loan portfolio, given its higher historical credit quality and shorter duration. The remaining $111.2 million increase was due primarily to an increase of $56.6 million related to the expected credit losses for our performing loan reserves based on our forecast models of the current economic environment and $54.6 million related to period-end loan growth of $12.0 billion. 81 Table of Contents Nonaccrual Loans The following table presents a detailed composition of nonaccrual loans by risk-based segment as of the five most recent year-ends: (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total nonaccrual loans (1) 2020 2019 December 31, 2018 2017 2016 $ 11 $ — $ 3,700 $ 658 $ — 18,340 4,056 28,657 51,053 39,996 6,004 46,000 6,152 — 998 30 — 11,093 17,330 6,296 34,719 44,585 17,681 62,266 5,480 — 204 — — $ 104,244 $ 102,669 $ 7,616 4,751 11,385 23,752 39,534 17,156 56,690 3,919 5,004 285 792 — 94,142 $ 11,575 23,932 7,968 43,475 50,438 20,907 71,345 2,603 760 401 17 — 119,259 $ 22,860 9,757 3,017 35,634 51,556 28,182 79,738 3,116 — 491 — — 118,979 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis. The following table presents a summary of changes in nonaccrual loans for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Balance, beginning of period (1) Additions Paydowns Charge-offs Other reductions Balance, end of period (1) Year ended December 31, 2020 2019 $ $ 102,669 $ 200,776 (136,441) (62,760) — 104,244 $ 94,142 165,827 (101,994) (55,224) (82) 102,669 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis. Our nonaccrual loan balance increased $1.6 million to $104.2 million at December 31, 2020, compared to $102.7 million at December 31, 2019. Our nonaccrual loan balance increased $1.6 million primarily driven by $200.8 million in new nonaccrual loans, partially offset by $136.4 million in paydowns and other reductions and $62.8 million charge-offs. New nonaccrual loans were driven primarily by $57.4 million for six clients in our Investor Dependent portfolio, $40.3 million for two clients in our Sponsor Led Buyout portfolio and $14.8 million for one client in our Balance Sheet Dependent portfolio. Repayments were primarily driven by $34.5 million for one Sponsor Led Buyout client that was added to our nonaccrual loan portfolio in 2019, $11.7 million for one Balance Sheet Dependent client that was added in 2020 and $11.7 million for three Investor Dependent clients two of which were added in 2020 and one in 2019. As of December 31, 2020, we have specifically reserved $54.0 million for our nonaccrual loans. Average nonaccrual loans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were $85.1 million, $160.3 million, $117.1 million, $123.8 million, and $108.7 million, respectively. The decrease in average nonaccrual loans was 82 Table of Contents primarily driven by large paydowns in the first and third quarters of 2020 and the new nonaccruals occurring in the latter part of the second and third quarters. If the nonaccrual loans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016 had not been nonperforming, $2.4 million, $5.6 million, $7.4 million, $7.7 million and $4.6 million, respectively, in interest income would have been recorded. Accrued Interest Receivable and Other Assets A summary of accrued interest receivable and other assets at December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Derivative assets (1) Foreign exchange spot contract assets, gross Accrued interest receivable Net deferred tax assets FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock Accounts receivable Other assets Total accrued interest receivable and other assets (1) See “Derivatives” section below. Foreign Exchange Spot Contract Assets 2020 December 31, 2019 $ $ 488,269 $ 2,107,510 244,748 776 61,232 36,812 266,478 3,205,825 $ 332,814 810,275 216,962 28,433 60,258 47,663 248,828 1,745,233 % Change 46.7 % 160.1 12.8 (97.3) 1.6 (22.8) 7.1 83.7 The increase of $1.3 billion in foreign exchange spot contract assets was primarily due to an overall increase in the amount of unsettled spot trades reflective of several large trades at year-end December 31, 2020 as compared to December 31, 2019. Accrued interest receivable The increase of $27.8 million in accrued interest receivable was primarily due to an overall increase in the interest receivable for mortgage backed securities at year-end December 31, 2020 as compared to December 31, 2019. Other Assets Other assets includes various asset amounts for other operational transactions. The increase of $17.7 million was primarily due to a $57.9 million increase in Leerink trade receivables reflective of increased investment banking activity, partially offset by $27.3 million decrease in deferred compensation and $10.7 million decrease in merchant card receivables. 83 Table of Contents Derivatives Derivative instruments are recorded as a component of other assets and other liabilities on the balance sheet. The following table provides a summary of derivative assets and liabilities at December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Assets: Equity warrant assets Foreign exchange forward and option contracts Client interest rate derivatives Interest rate swaps Total derivatives assets Liabilities: Foreign exchange forward and option contracts Client interest rate derivatives Interest rate swaps Total derivatives liabilities Equity Warrant Assets 2020 December 31, 2019 % Change $ $ $ $ 203,438 $ 216,977 67,854 — 488,269 $ 210,833 $ 26,646 — 237,479 $ 165,473 115,854 28,811 22,676 332,814 98,207 14,154 25,623 137,984 22.9 % 87.3 135.5 — 46.7 114.7 88.3 — 72.1 In connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services, we often obtain rights to acquire stock in the form of equity warrant assets in primarily private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science/healthcare industries. At December 31, 2020, we held warrants in 2,602 companies, compared to 2,268 companies at December 31, 2019. Warrants in 25 companies each had values greater than $1.0 million and collectively represented $75.9 million, or 37.3 percent, of the fair value of the total warrant portfolio. The change in fair value of equity warrant assets is recorded in gains on equity warrant assets, net, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. The following table provides a summary of transactions and valuation changes for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Balance, beginning of period New equity warrant assets Non-cash increases in fair value Exercised equity warrant assets Terminated equity warrant assets Balance, end of period Year ended December 31, 2020 2019 $ $ 165,473 $ 19,719 59,728 (39,534) (1,948) 203,438 $ 149,238 16,103 34,412 (30,778) (3,502) 165,473 Foreign Exchange Forward and Foreign Currency Option Contracts We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts with clients involved in foreign activities, either as the purchaser or seller, depending upon the clients' need. For each forward or option contract entered into with our clients, we enter into an opposite way forward or option contract with a correspondent bank, which mitigates the risk of fluctuations in currency rates. We also enter into forward contracts with correspondent banks to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure related to certain foreign currency denominated instruments. Net gains and losses on the revaluation of foreign currency denominated instruments are recorded in the line item "Other" as part of noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. We have not experienced nonperformance by any of our counterparties and therefore have not incurred any related losses. Further, we anticipate performance by all counterparties. Our net exposure for foreign exchange forward and foreign currency option contracts, net of cash collateral, was $31.0 million at December 31, 2020 and $22.2 million at December 31, 2019. For additional information on our foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts, see Note 15—“Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Client Interest Rate Derivatives We sell interest rate contracts to clients who wish to mitigate their interest rate exposure. We economically reduce the interest rate risk from this business by entering into opposite way contracts with correspondent banks. Our net exposure for 84 Table of Contents client interest rate derivative contracts, net of cash collateral, was $67.3 million at December 31, 2020 and $28.6 million at December 31, 2019. For information on our client interest rate derivatives, refer to Note 15—“Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Interest Rate Swaps To manage interest rate risk on our variable-interest rate loan portfolio, we enter into interest rate swap contracts to hedge against future changes in interest rates by using hedging instruments to lock in future cash inflows that would otherwise be impacted by movements in the market interest rates. We designate these interest rate swap contracts as cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting under ASC 815 and record them in other assets and other liabilities. Our net exposure for interest rate swaps, net of cash collateral, was zero at December 31, 2020. As of March 31, 2020, all derivatives previously classified as hedges with notional balances totaling $5.0 billion and a net asset fair value of $227.5 million were terminated. Refer to Note 15—“Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional information regarding the termination of our interest rate swap cash flow hedges during the first quarter of 2020. Deposits The following table presents the composition of our deposits as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Noninterest-bearing demand Interest-bearing checking and savings accounts Money market Money market deposits in foreign offices Sweep deposits in foreign offices Time Total deposits 2020 66,519,240 $ 4,800,831 28,406,195 616,570 950,510 688,461 101,981,807 $ December 31, 2019 40,841,570 $ 568,256 17,749,736 352,437 2,057,715 188,093 61,757,807 $ $ $ 2018 39,103,422 648,468 7,498,205 152,781 1,875,298 50,726 49,328,900 The increase in deposits of $40.2 billion in 2020 was driven by strong public and private fundraising and exit activity as well as significant new client acquisition. We saw growth across all portfolios with the primary contributors coming from our technology and life science/healthcare portfolios. No material portion of our deposits has been obtained from a single depositor and the loss of any one depositor would not materially affect our business. Approximately 12 percent and 13 percent of our total deposits at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were from our clients in Asia. The increase in deposits of $12.4 billion in 2019 was driven primarily by a healthy equity funding environment across a majority of our market segments with robust activities in the IPO and secondary public offering markets as well as strong new client acquisition. At December 31, 2020, 35 percent of our total deposits were interest-bearing deposits, compared to 34 percent at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2020, the aggregate balance of time deposit accounts individually equal to or greater than $100,000 totaled $686 million, compared to $185 million at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2020, $686 million in time deposit accounts individually equal to or greater than $100,000 were scheduled to mature within one year. The maturity profile of our time deposits as of December 31, 2020 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Time deposits, $100,000 and over Other time deposits Total time deposits Three months or less $ $ 590,870 $ 1,705 592,575 $ More than three months to six months December 31, 2020 More than six months to twelve months More than twelve months 325 $ 798 1,123 $ 94,408 $ 255 94,663 $ 100 $ — 100 $ Total 685,703 2,758 688,461 85 Table of Contents Short-Term Borrowings The following table summarizes our short-term borrowings that mature in one month or less: (Dollars in thousands) Short-term FHLB advances Securities sold under agreement to repurchase Other short-term borrowings Total short-term borrowings 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 Amount Rate Amount Rate Amount Rate $ $ — — 20,553 20,553 — % $ — 0.08 0.08 $ — — 17,430 17,430 — % $ — 1.55 1.55 $ 300,000 319,414 11,998 631,412 2.54 % 2.70 2.39 2.62 We had $20.6 million in short-term borrowings at December 31, 2020, compared to $17.4 million at December 31, 2019. There were no overnight short- term borrowings as of December 31, 2020 or 2019. For more information on our short-term debt, see Note 14—“Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Average daily balances and maximum month-end balances for our short-term borrowings in 2020, 2019 and 2018 were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Average daily balances: Short-term FHLB advances Federal Funds purchased (1) Securities sold under agreements to repurchase Other short-term borrowings (2) Total average short-term borrowings Weighted average interest rate during the year: Short-term FHLB advances Federal Funds purchased Securities sold under agreements to repurchase Other short-term borrowings Maximum month-end balances: Short-term FHLB advances Federal Funds purchased Securities sold under agreements to repurchase Other short-term borrowings 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ $ $ $ $ 295,902 13,123 64,606 27,528 401,159 0.62 % 0.73 1.74 0.28 2,700,000 375,000 1,030,622 63,162 $ $ $ 63,836 25,959 36,716 19,034 145,545 2.57 % 2.45 2.65 1.92 400,000 265,000 196,000 30,246 424,384 44,164 164,938 10,400 643,886 2.24 % 2.1 2.37 2.28 2,250,000 490,000 394,592 19,770 (1) As part of our liquidity risk management practices, we periodically test availability and access to overnight borrowings in the Federal Funds market. These balances represent short-term borrowings. (2) Represents cash collateral received from certain counterparties in relation to market value exposures of derivative contracts in our favor. 86 Table of Contents Long-Term Debt The following table represents outstanding long-term debt at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) 3.50% Senior Notes 3.125% Senior Notes 5.375% Senior Notes Total long-term debt Principal value at December 31, 2020 $ $ 350,000 $ 500,000 — 850,000 $ December 31, 2020 2019 2018 348,348 $ 495,280 — 843,628 $ 347,987 $ — — 347,987 $ 347,639 — 348,826 696,465 As of December 31, 2020, long-term debt was comprised of our 3.50% Senior Notes and 3.125% Senior Notes. The increase in our long-term debt at December 31, 2020 as compared to December 31, 2019 was due to the issuance of 3.125% Senior Notes during the second quarter of 2020. For more information on our long-term debt outstanding at December 31, 2020, refer to Note 14—“Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. On February 2, 2021, the Company issued $500 million of Senior Notes. Refer to Note 28—“Subsequent Events” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional information. Other Liabilities A summary of other liabilities at December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Foreign exchange spot contract liabilities, gross Accrued compensation Derivative liabilities (1) Allowance for unfunded credit commitments Net deferred tax liabilities Other liabilities Total other liabilities (1) See “Derivatives” section above. Foreign Exchange Spot Contract Liabilities 2020 December 31, 2019 % Change $ $ 2,164,805 $ 545,376 237,478 120,796 173,030 730,489 3,971,974 $ 888,360 354,393 137,984 67,656 — 593,359 2,041,752 143.7 % 53.9 72.1 78.5 — 23.1 94.5 The increase of $1.3 billion in foreign exchange spot contract liabilities was due primarily to an increase in the amount of unsettled spot trades at December 31, 2020 as compared to December 31, 2019. Accrued Compensation Accrued compensation includes amounts for our Incentive Compensation Plan, Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan, Retention Program, Warrant Incentive Plan, ESOP, SVB Leerink Incentive Compensation Plan, SVB Leerink Retention Award and other compensation arrangements. The increase of $191.0 million was due primarily to an increase in our SVB Leerink incentive accruals as a result of our strong 2020 full-year financial performance, and as well as the increase in the number of average FTEs in 2020. For a description of our variable compensation plans, refer to Note 19—“Employee Compensation and Benefit Plans” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Allowance for Unfunded Credit Commitments Allowance for unfunded credit commitments includes an allowance for both our unfunded loan commitments and our letters of credit. The increase of $53.1 million was due primarily to the day one impact of the adoption of CECL of $22.8 million as well as an $30.2 million increase for the year ended December 31, 2020, driven primarily by growth in unfunded credit commitments of $7.5 billion. Net Deferred Tax Liabilities Net deferred tax liabilities increased to $173.0 million due to an increase in unrealized gains recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income from our available-for-sale securities and the termination of our interest rate swap cash flow 87 Table of Contents hedge contracts, as discussed in the "Derivatives" section above, as well as gains from conversion of convertible debt options, partially offset by an increase in allowance for credit losses for loans. Other Liabilities Other liabilities includes various accrued liability amounts for other operational transactions. The increase of $137.1 million was reflective primarily of a $68.2 million increase in investment securities payable due to unsettled purchases of fixed income investment securities and a $41.3 million increase in income tax payable. Noncontrolling Interests Noncontrolling interests totaled $213.8 million and $150.8 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase was due to net income attributable to noncontrolling interests of $85.9 million, partially offset by net capital distributions of $22.9 million primarily to investors in our managed funds of funds for the year ended December 31, 2020. For more information, refer to Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Capital Resources We maintain an adequate capital base to support anticipated asset growth, operating needs, and credit and other business risks, and to provide for SVB Financial and the Bank to be in compliance with applicable regulatory capital guidelines, including the joint agency rules implementing the "Basel III" capital rules (the "Capital Rules"). Our primary sources of new capital include retained earnings and proceeds from the sale and issuance of our capital stock or other securities. Under the oversight of the Finance Committee of our Board of Directors, management engages in regular capital planning processes in an effort to optimize the use of the capital available to us and to appropriately plan for our future capital needs. The capital plan considers capital needs for the foreseeable future and allocates capital to both existing and future business activities. Expected future use or activities for which capital may be set aside include balance sheet growth and associated relative increases in market or credit exposure, investment activity, potential product and business expansions, acquisitions and strategic or infrastructure investments. In addition, we conduct capital stress tests as part of our annual capital planning process. The capital stress tests allow us to assess the impact of adverse changes in the economy and interest rates on our capital adequacy position. Common Stock On November 13, 2018, the Company announced a program to purchase up to $500 million of our outstanding common stock (the "Stock Repurchase Program"). The program completed on July 1, 2019, after we repurchased and retired 2.2 million shares of our outstanding common stock totaling $499.6 million. On October 24, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program that enabled the Company to repurchase up to $350 million of its outstanding common stock. Under the program, we purchased and retired 244,223 shares of our outstanding common stock totaling $60.0 million. This program expired on October 29, 2020. Preferred Stock On December 9, 2019, the Company issued depositary shares each representing a 1/40 ownership interest in 350,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock with $0.001 par value and liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, or $25 per depositary share. The Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity and is not subject to any sinking fund or other obligation of SVB Financial Group. Dividends are approved by the Board of Directors and, if declared, are payable quarterly, in arrears, at a rate per annum equal to 5.25 percent. th As of December 31, 2020, there were 350,000 shares issued and outstanding of Series A Preferred Stock, which had a carrying value of $340.1 million and liquidation preference of $350 million. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors declared and SVB Financial distributed quarterly cash dividends totaling $17.2 million to Series A Preferred Stock holders. On February 2, 2021, the Company issued Series B Preferred Stock. Refer to Note 28—“Subsequent Events” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for additional information. 88 Table of Contents SVBFG Stockholders’ Equity SVBFG stockholders’ equity totaled $8.2 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $1.7 billion, or 27.0 percent compared to $6.5 billion at December 31, 2019. This increase was primarily the result of net income of $1.2 billion in 2020, an increase in accumulated other comprehensive income reflective primarily of a $544.9 million ($393.3 million net of tax) increase in the fair value of our AFS securities portfolio driven by decreases in period-end market interest rates, and $182.0 million ($131.4 million net of tax) of remaining unrealized gains on cash flow hedge. Funds generated through retained earnings are a significant source of capital and liquidity and are expected to continue to be so in the future. Capital Ratios Regulatory capital ratios for SVB Financial and the Bank exceeded minimum federal regulatory guidelines under the current Capital Rules as well as for a well-capitalized bank holding company and insured depository institution, respectively, as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. See Note 23—“Regulatory Matters” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for further information. Capital ratios for SVB Financial and the Bank, compared to the minimum capital ratios are set forth below: SVB Financial: CET 1 risk-based capital ratio (2) (3) Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (3) Total risk-based capital ratio (3) Tier 1 leverage ratio (2) (3) Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio (4)(5) Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio (4)(5) Bank: CET 1 risk-based capital ratio (3) Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (3) Total risk-based capital ratio (3) Tier 1 leverage ratio (3) Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio (4)(5) Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio (4)(5) 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 Required Minimum (1) Well Capitalized Minimum 11.04 % 11.89 12.64 7.45 6.66 11.87 10.70 % 10.70 11.49 6.43 6.24 11.58 12.58 % 13.43 14.23 9.06 8.39 12.76 11.12 % 11.12 11.96 7.30 7.24 11.31 13.41 % 13.58 14.45 9.06 8.99 13.28 12.41 % 12.41 13.32 8.10 8.13 12.28 7.0 % 8.5 10.5 4.0 N/A N/A 7.0 % 8.5 10.5 4.0 N/A N/A N/A 6.0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A 6.5 % 8.0 10.0 5.0 N/A N/A (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Percentages represent the minimum capital ratios plus, as applicable, the fully phased-in 2.5% CET1 capital conservation buffer under the Capital Rules. "Well-Capitalized Minimum" CET 1 risk-based capital and Tier 1 leverage ratios are not formally defined under applicable banking regulations for bank holding companies. Capital ratios include regulatory capital phase-in of the allowance for credit losses under the 2020 CECL Transition Rule for periods beginning December 31, 2020. See below for a reconciliation of non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets and tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets. The FRB has not issued any minimum guidelines for the tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio or the tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio, however, we believe these ratios provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our capital levels and are therefore provided above. Risk-based capital ratios (CET 1, tier 1, total risk-based capital, and tier 1 leverage) for SVB Financial decreased as of December 31, 2020, compared to the same ratios as of December 31, 2019, primarily as a result of a proportionally higher increase in our risk-weighted assets relative to the increase in capital during 2020. The increase in risk-weighted assets was driven primarily by the increases in our loan and fixed income portfolios during 2020. The increase in average assets was driven by increases in fixed income investments and loan portfolios, as well as cash and cash equivalents reflective of strong deposit growth. The increase in capital was reflective primarily of net income of $1.2 billion. Risk-based capital ratios (CET 1, tier 1, total risk-based capital, and tier 1 leverage) for Silicon Valley Bank (the "Bank") decreased as of December 31, 2020, compared to the same ratios as of December 31, 2019. The decreases were a result of the proportionally higher increase in our risk-weighted assets and average assets relative to the increase in capital during 2020. The increase in risk-weighted assets and average assets were driven by increases in our loan and fixed income 89 Table of Contents portfolios, as well as cash and cash equivalents 2020 reflective of strong deposit growth. The increases in capital includes for Silicon valley bank was driven by net income as well as a $700 million downstream capital infusion from our bank holding company. Regulatory Capital Phase-In under the 2020 CECL Transition Rule In March 2020, the federal banking agencies issued the 2020 CECL Transition Rule, which provides transitional relief to banking organizations with respect to the impact of CECL on regulatory capital. Under the rule, banking organizations that adopt CECL during the 2020 calendar year, such as SVB Financial and the Bank, may delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital for two years, followed by a three-year period to phase out the aggregate capital benefit provided during the initial two-year delay. The rule prescribes a methodology for estimating the impact of differences in credit loss allowances reflected under CECL versus under the incurred loss methodology during the five-year transition period. We have elected to use the five-year transition option under the 2020 CECL Transition Rule. Capital Simplification Rules In July 2019, the federal banking agencies adopted final rules intended to simplify compliance with capital rules for non-advanced approaches banking organizations (the “Capital Simplification Rules”), such as SVB Financial and the Bank. The Capital Simplification Rules took effect for SVB Financial as of January 1, 2020 and simplify the capital treatment of mortgage servicing assets, certain deferred tax assets, investments in unconsolidated financial institutions and minority interests for banking organizations. All our reported capital ratios remain above the levels considered to be "well capitalized" under applicable banking regulations. Non-GAAP Tangible Common Equity to Tangible Assets and Non-GAAP Tangible Common Equity to Risk-weighted Assets The tangible common equity, or tangible book value, to tangible assets ratio and the tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratios are not required by GAAP or applicable bank regulatory requirements. However, we believe these ratios provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our capital levels. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these ratios in evaluating the adequacy of the Company’s capital levels; however, this financial measure should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or preferable to, comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. These ratios are calculated by dividing total SVBFG stockholder’s equity, by total period-end assets and risk-weighted assets, after reducing both amounts by acquired intangibles, if any. The manner in which this ratio is calculated varies among companies. Accordingly, our ratio is not necessarily comparable to similar measures of other companies. The following table provides a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures with financial measures defined by GAAP: Non-GAAP tangible common equity and tangible assets (Dollars in thousands, except ratios) GAAP SVBFG stockholders’ equity Less: preferred stock Less: intangible assets Tangible common equity GAAP total assets Less: intangible assets Tangible assets Risk-weighted assets Non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets Non-GAAP tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets December 31, 2020 8,219,700 340,138 204,120 7,675,442 115,511,007 204,120 115,306,887 64,680,666 $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2019 6,470,307 340,138 187,240 5,942,929 71,004,903 187,240 70,817,663 46,577,485 $ $ $ $ $ SVB Financial December 31, 2018 5,116,209 — — 5,116,209 56,927,979 — 56,927,979 38,527,853 $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2017 4,179,795 — — 4,179,795 51,214,467 — 51,214,467 32,736,959 $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2016 3,642,554 — — 3,642,554 44,683,660 — 44,683,660 28,248,750 $ $ $ $ $ 6.66 % 11.87 8.39 % 12.76 8.99 % 13.28 8.16 % 12.77 8.15 % 12.89 90 Table of Contents Non-GAAP tangible common equity and tangible assets (Dollars in thousands, except ratios) Tangible common equity Tangible assets Risk-weighted assets Non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets Non-GAAP tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets December 31, 2020 7,068,964 113,303,370 61,023,462 $ $ $ December 31, 2019 5,034,095 69,563,817 44,502,150 $ $ $ $ $ $ Bank December 31, 2018 4,554,814 56,047,134 37,104,080 December 31, 2017 3,762,542 50,383,774 31,403,489 $ $ $ December 31, 2016 3,423,427 44,059,340 26,856,850 $ $ $ 6.24 % 11.58 7.24 % 11.31 8.13 % 12.28 7.47 % 11.98 7.77 % 12.75 SVB Financial's and the Bank's tangible common equity to tangible assets and SVB Financial's risk-weighted assets ratios decreased due to the proportionally higher increases in tangible and risk-weighted assets relative to tangible common equity. The increase in risk-tangible and risk-weighted assets were driven by robust asset growth during 2020 driven by increases in fixed income and loan portfolios. Increased capital was reflective primarily of net income. The increase in the Bank's tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio was driven by the increase in capital due to the large unrealized gains from the available for sale and securities and unrealized gains on the cash flow hedges during 2020. See "SVBFG Stockholders’ Equity" above for further details on changes to the individual components of our equity balance. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations In the normal course of business, we use financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commercial and standby letters of credit and commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity fund investments. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk. Credit risk is defined as the possibility of sustaining a loss because other parties to the financial instrument fail to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract. The actual liquidity needs and the credit risk that we have experienced have historically been lower than the contractual amount of these commitments because a significant portion of these commitments expire without being drawn upon. Refer to the discussion of our off-balance sheet arrangements in Note 21—“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. The following table summarizes our unfunded commercial commitments as of December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) Commercial commitments: Loan commitments available for funding Standby letters of credit Commercial letters of credit Total unfunded credit commitments Total Less than 1 year 1-3 years 4-5 years After 5 years Amount of Commitments Expiring per Period $ $ 28,975,133 $ 3,002,752 4,366 31,982,251 $ 21,879,793 $ 2,916,623 4,366 24,800,782 $ 5,258,406 $ 65,079 — 1,555,776 $ 9,742 — 5,323,485 $ 1,565,518 $ 281,158 11,308 — 292,466 The following table summarizes our contractual obligations to make future payments as of December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) SVBFG contractual obligations: Deposits (1) (2) Borrowings (2) Non-cancelable operating leases Commitments to qualified affordable housing projects Other obligations Total obligations attributable to SVBFG Total Less than 1 year 1-3 years 4-5 years After 5 years Payments Due By Period $ 101,981,807 $ 864,181 276,924 370,208 2,258 101,981,807 $ 20,553 51,547 167,026 1,962 $ 103,495,378 $ 102,222,895 $ — $ — 97,037 170,552 296 267,885 $ — $ 348,348 74,498 13,977 — 436,823 $ — 495,280 53,842 18,653 — 567,775 (1) Includes time deposits and deposits with no defined maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand, interest-bearing checking, savings, money market and sweep accounts. 91 Table of Contents (2) Amounts exclude contractual interest. Excluded from the tables above are unfunded commitment obligations of $22.1 million to our managed funds of funds and other fund investments for which neither the payment, timing, nor eventual obligation is certain. Subject to applicable regulatory requirements, including the Volcker Rule (see "Business - Supervision and Regulation" under Part I, Item 1 of this report), we make commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity funds, which in turn make investments generally in, or in some cases make loans to, privately-held companies. Commitments to invest in these funds are generally made for a 10-year period from the inception of the fund. Although the limited partnership agreements governing these investments typically do not restrict the general partners from calling 100% of committed capital in one year, it is customary for these funds to generally call most of the capital commitments over 5 to 7 years; however in certain cases, the funds may not call 100% of committed capital over the life of the fund. The actual timing of future cash requirements to fund these commitments is generally dependent upon the investment cycle, overall market conditions, and the nature and type of industry in which the privately held companies operate. Additionally, our consolidated managed funds of funds have $4.3 million of remaining unfunded commitments to venture capital and private equity funds. See Note 8—“Investment Securities" of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report for further disclosure related to non-marketable and other equity securities. Additional discussion of our off-balance sheet arrangements for these fund investments is included in Note 21—“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. Liquidity The objective of liquidity management is to ensure that funds are available in a timely manner to meet our financial obligations, including, as necessary, paying creditors, meeting depositors’ needs, accommodating loan demand and growth, funding investments, repurchasing securities and other operating or capital needs, without incurring undue cost or risk, or causing a disruption to normal operating conditions. We regularly assess the amount and likelihood of projected funding requirements through a review of factors such as historical deposit volatility and funding patterns, present and forecasted market and economic conditions, individual client funding needs, and existing and planned business activities. Our Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”), which is a management committee, provides oversight to the liquidity management process and recommends policy guidelines for the approval of the Finance Committee of our Board of Directors, and courses of action to address our actual and projected liquidity needs. Additionally, we routinely conduct liquidity stress testing as part of our liquidity management practices. Our deposit base is, and historically has been, our primary source of liquidity. Our deposit levels and cost of deposits may fluctuate from time to time due to a variety of factors, including market conditions, prevailing interest rates, changes in client deposit behaviors, availability of insurance protection, and our offering of deposit products. At December 31, 2020, our period-end total deposit balances increased to $102.0 billion, compared to $61.8 billion at December 31, 2019. Our liquidity requirements can also be met through the use of our portfolio of liquid assets. Our definition of liquid assets includes cash and cash equivalents in excess of the minimum levels necessary to carry out normal business operations, short-term investment securities maturing within one year, AFS securities eligible and available for financing or pledging purposes with a maturity in excess of one year and anticipated near-term cash flows from investments. We have certain facilities in place to enable us to access short-term borrowings on a secured and unsecured basis. Our secured facilities include collateral pledged to the FHLB of San Francisco and the discount window at the FRB (using both fixed income securities and loans as collateral). Our unsecured facility consists of our uncommitted federal funds lines. As of December 31, 2020, collateral pledged to the FHLB of San Francisco was comprised primarily of fixed income investment securities and loans and had a carrying value of $6.8 billion, of which $5.8 billion was available to support additional borrowings. As of December 31, 2020, collateral pledged to the discount window at the FRB was comprised of fixed income investment securities and had a carrying value of $0.9 billion, all of which was unused and available to support additional borrowings. Our total unused and available borrowing capacity for our uncommitted federal funds lines totaled $1.9 billion at December 31, 2020. Our total unused and available borrowing capacity under our master repurchase agreements with various financial institutions totaled $4.0 billion at December 31, 2020. In connection with our participation in the PPP under the CARES Act as discussed, we considered participating in the Federal Reserve’s Paycheck Protection Program Lending Facility ("PPPLF"). The PPPLF was established to allow participating institutions to facilitate lending under the PPP and extends credit to eligible PPP loan originators on a non-recourse basis, taking PPP loans as collateral at face value. Ultimately, we were able to extend credit to PPP borrowers without relying on the PPPLF. Additionally, interim final capital rules issued by federal bank regulatory agencies have neutralized the regulatory capital effects of participating in the PPP, in that loans outstanding are assessed a zero percent risk weight for regulatory capital purposes. 92 Table of Contents On a stand-alone basis, SVB Financial’s primary liquidity channels include dividends from the Bank, its portfolio of liquid assets, and its ability to raise debt and capital. The ability of the Bank to pay dividends is subject to certain regulations described in “Business—Supervision and Regulation—Restrictions on Dividends” under Part I, Item 1 of this report. Consolidated Summary of Cash Flows Below is a summary of our average cash position and statement of cash flows for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively: (For further details, see our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows under "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" under Part II, Item 8 of this report.) (Dollars in thousands) Average cash and cash equivalents Percentage of total average assets Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash used for investing activities Net cash provided by financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 2020 13,273,237 Year ended December 31, 2019 6,524,342 $ 15.5 % 10.3 % 1,445,487 (31,205,721) 40,653,214 10,892,980 $ $ 1,164,129 (9,371,882) 11,417,997 3,210,244 $ $ $ $ $ $ 2018 3,301,783 6.0 % 933,562 (4,800,375) 4,515,277 648,464 Average cash and cash equivalents increased to $13.3 billion in 2020, compared to $6.5 billion for 2019. Average deposits increased $20.0 billion which enabled us to grow our average loan portfolio by $7.3 billion in 2020. 2020 Cash provided by operating activities of $1.4 billion in 2020 included net income before noncontrolling interests of $1.3 billion and $200 million from changes in other assets and liabilities, offset by $49 million from changes from adjustments to reconcile to net income to net cash. Cash used for investing activities of $31.2 billion in 2020 included $19.1 billion of net outflows from our fixed income securities portfolio due to $30.0 billion of purchases, offset by fixed income inflows of $10.9 billion in portfolio cash flows from sales, maturities and paydowns, and $11.9 billion of net outflows from funded loans. Cash provided by financing activities of $40.7 billion in 2020 was driven primarily by the net increase in deposits of $40.2 billion and $0.5 billion from the issuance of our 3.125% Senior Notes. Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2020 were $17.7 billion, compared to $6.8 billion at December 31, 2019. 2019 Cash provided by operating activities of $1.2 billion in 2019 included net income before noncontrolling interests of $1.2 billion. These net inflows were offset by $62 million of adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash and $82 million from changes in other assets and liabilities. Cash used for investing activities of $9.4 billion in 2019 included $4.8 billion of net outflows from the net increase in loans funded and $4.4 billion of net outflows from our fixed income securities portfolio due to $10.4 billion of purchases, offset by fixed income inflows of $6.0 billion of portfolio cash flows from sales, maturities and paydowns. Cash provided by financing activities of $11.4 billion in 2019 was driven primarily by the net increase in deposits of $12.4 billion and $0.3 billion in proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, partially offset by a $1.0 billion decrease in borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2019 as well as $0.4 billion in cash outflows from the repurchase of our common stock under the Stock Repurchase Program. Subsequent Events Potential Fraudulent Client Activity The Company recently became aware of potentially fraudulent activity conducted by JES Global Capital III, L.P. (“JES”), a client of the Bank, in connection with a loan transaction funded in early February 2021. We are currently investigating this incident to determine our potential credit exposure, which is currently estimated to be up to $70 million, net of tax, relating to a Global Fund Banking capital call line of credit. We have been advised that a principal of JES was recently arrested, and the matter is pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New 93 Table of Contents York. We are continuing to work with the appropriate law enforcement authorities in connection with this matter and intend to pursue all available sources of recovery and other measures to mitigate the potential loss. Based on our review of the potentially fraudulent activity, as well as our risk assessment review of the Global Fund Banking loan portfolio conducted in light of the incident, the Company currently believes this incident is an isolated occurrence involving a single business relationship. This matter (and other updates about the first quarter of 2021) was initially disclosed by the Company in a Current Report on Form 8-K on February 26, 2021. We may be limited in any additional information we can disclose due to the ongoing investigation. 94 Table of Contents ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Interest Rate Risk Management Market risk is defined as the risk of adverse fluctuations in the market value of financial instruments due to changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk is our primary market risk and can result from timing and volume differences in the repricing of our rate-sensitive assets and liabilities, widening or tightening of credit spreads, changes in the general level of market interest rates and changes in the shape and level of the benchmark interest rates. Additionally, changes in interest rates can influence the rate of principal prepayments on mortgage securities, which affects the rate of amortization of purchase premiums and discounts. Other market risks include foreign currency exchange risk and equity price risk (including the effect of competition on product pricing). These risks and related impacts are important market considerations but are inherently difficult to assess through simulation results. Consequently, simulations used to analyze the sensitivity of net interest income to changes in interest rates will differ from actual results due to differences in the timing and frequency of rate resets, the magnitude of changes in market rates, the impact of competition, fluctuating business conditions and the impact of strategies taken by management to mitigate these risks. Interest rate risk is managed by our ALCO. ALCO reviews the sensitivity of the market valuation on earning assets and funding liabilities and modeled 12- month projections of net interest income from changes in interest rates, structural changes in investment and funding portfolios, loan and deposit activity and market conditions. Relevant metrics and guidelines, which are approved by the Finance Committee of our Board of Directors and are included in our Interest Rate Risk Policy, are monitored on an ongoing basis. Interest rate risk is managed primarily through strategies involving our fixed income securities portfolio, available funding channels and capital market activities. In addition, our policies permit the use of off-balance sheet derivatives, such as interest rate swaps, to assist with managing interest rate risk. We utilize a simulation model to perform sensitivity analysis on the economic value of equity and net interest income under a variety of interest rate scenarios, balance sheet forecasts and business strategies. The simulation model provides a dynamic assessment of interest rate sensitivity which is embedded within our balance sheet. Rate sensitivity measures the potential variability in economic value and net interest income relating solely to changes in market interest rates over time. We review our interest rate risk position and sensitivity to market interest rates regularly. Model Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis A specific application of our simulation model involves measurement of the impact of changes in market interest rates on the economic value of equity (“EVE”). EVE is defined as the market value of assets, less the market value of liabilities. Another application of the simulation model measures the impact of changes in market interest rates on net interest income (“NII”) assuming a static balance sheet, in both size and composition as of the period-end reporting date. In the NII simulation, the level of market interest rates and the size and composition of the balance sheet are held constant over the simulation horizon. Simulated cash flows during the scenario horizon are assumed to be replaced as they occur, which maintains the balance sheet at its current size and composition. Yield and spread assumptions on cash and investment balances reflect current market rates and the shape of the yield curve. Yield and spread assumptions on loans reflect recent market impacts on product pricing. Similarly, we make certain deposit balance decay rate assumptions on demand deposits and interest-bearing deposits, which are replenished to hold the level and mix of funding liabilities constant. Changes in market interest rates that affect net interest income are principally short-term interest rates and include the following benchmark indexes: (i) the National Prime Rate, (ii) 1-month and 3-month LIBOR, and (iii) the Federal Funds target rate. Changes in these short-term rates impact interest earned on our variable rate loans and balances held as cash and cash equivalents. Additionally, simulated changes in deposit pricing relative to changes in market rates, commonly referred to as deposit beta, generally follow overall changes in short-term interest rates, although actual changes may lag in terms of timing and magnitude. Both EVE and NII measures rely upon the use of models to simulate cash flow behavior for loans and deposits. These models were developed internally and are based on historical balance and rate observations. Investment portfolio cash flow is based on a combination of third-party prepayment models and internally managed prepayment vectors depending on security type. As part of our ongoing governance structure, each of these models and assumptions are periodically reviewed and recalibrated as needed to ensure that they are representative of our understanding of existing behaviors. During the fourth quarter of 2020, a modeling assumption change was made to align investment portfolio cash flows with an established benchmark model. This included recalibration of third-party prepayment models associated with certain mortgage-backed security classes. As a result of these changes, the measure of interest rate sensitivity of total investments was reduced resulting in an overall lower EVE sensitivity. This modeling change did not significantly impact NII sensitivity measures. 95 Table of Contents Simulation results presented include an "asymmetric" beta assumption that is applied in the NII and EVE simulation models for interest-bearing deposits. This reflects management expectations that deposit repricing behavior in a falling rate environment would be different than repricing behavior in a rising rate environment. This model assumes the overall beta for interest-bearing deposits in a falling rate environment would be approximately 60 percent. That is, overall changes in interest-bearing deposit rates would be approximately 60 percent of the change in short-term market rates. The deposit beta assumption for an increasing rate environment is 50 percent. These repricing assumptions are reflected as changes in interest expense on interest-bearing deposit balances. The following table presents our EVE and NII sensitivity exposure related to an instantaneous and sustained parallel shift in market interest rates of 100 and 200 basis points ("bps") at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Net Interest Income sensitivity and the modeled Economic Value of Equity for December 31, 2019 has been revised to reflect the updated model assumptions. Change in interest rates (bps) (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: +200 +100 — -100 -200 December 31, 2019 (as revised): +200 +100 — -100 -200 Economic Value of Equity Estimated Estimated Increase/(Decrease) In EVE Estimated Estimated Increase/ (Decrease) In NII EVE Amount Percent NII Amount Percent $ 9,499,738 $ 10,558,232 11,224,386 11,581,718 11,534,332 (1,724,648) (666,154) — 357,332 309,946 (15.4) % $ (5.9) — 3.2 2.8 3,063,350 $ 2,728,691 2,371,602 2,309,596 2,306,280 691,748 357,089 — (62,006) (65,322) $ 7,503,986 $ 7,792,507 8,123,449 8,495,627 8,567,118 (619,463) (330,942) — 372,178 443,669 (7.6) % $ (4.1) — 4.6 5.5 2,588,319 $ 2,326,428 2,064,896 1,789,625 1,514,354 523,423 261,532 — (275,271) (550,542) 29.2 % 15.1 — (2.6) (2.8) 25.3 % 12.7 — (13.3) (26.7) The estimated EVE in the preceding table is based on a combination of valuation methodologies including discounted cash flow analysis and a multi-path lattice-based valuation. Both methodologies use publicly available market interest rates to determine discounting factors on projected cash flows. The model simulations and calculations are highly assumption-dependent and will change regularly as the composition of earning assets and funding liabilities change (including the impact of changes in the value of interest rate derivatives, if any), as interest rate environments evolve, and as we change our assumptions in response to relevant market conditions, competition or business circumstances. These calculations do not reflect forecast changes in our balance sheet or changes we may make to reduce our EVE exposure as a part of our overall interest rate risk management strategy. As with any method of measuring interest rate risk, certain limitations are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the preceding table. We are exposed to yield curve risk, prepayment risk, basis risk and yield spread compression, which cannot be fully modeled and expressed using the above methodology. Accordingly, the results in the preceding table should not be relied upon as a precise indicator of actual results in the event of changing market interest rates. Additionally, the resulting EVE and NII estimates are not intended to represent and should not be construed to represent our estimate of the underlying EVE or forecast of NII. Our base EVE as of December 31, 2020 increased $3.1 billion from December 31, 2019, driven by overall balance sheet growth and the significant decrease in market rates since the first quarter of 2020. For the period ended December 31, 2020, as compared to December 31, 2019, cash balances and fixed income investments in our AFS and HTM portfolios increased by $10.9 billion and $19.6 billion, respectively, while loan balances increased by $12.0 billion. Funding for these assets came primarily from growth of $40.2 billion in total deposits, which consists of $25.7 billion and $14.5 billion increase in noninterest bearing and interest-bearing accounts, respectively. The mix of noninterest bearing and interest-bearing deposits to total deposits remained relatively unchanged at December 31, 2020, compared to December 31, 2019. Rapid deposit growth has exceeded the pace of our loan growth, and as a result, a significant amount of excess deposits not used to fund loan growth have contributed to the growth of our cash and investments balances. Much of the investment portfolio is held in fixed rate MBS and CMOs which generally have a higher market value sensitivity than variable rate loans or 96 Table of Contents cash. Thus, under an upward rate shock scenario, the market value of investments changes more than the market value of deposits resulting in a negative EVE sensitivity in those scenarios. Due to the sudden decrease in market rates that occurred in March 2020, EVE sensitivity measures in the -100 and -200 bps rate shock scenarios do not represent the full magnitude of those rate shocks because we assume that U.S. Federal Fund rates are floored at zero. As a result, the December 31, 2020 EVE sensitivity of the -100 and -200 bps rate shock scenarios are similar. The modeling assumption change described above combined with continued balance sheet growth and a lower overall rate environment are the primary contributing factors to the overall change in EVE sensitivity. 12-Month Net Interest Income Simulation NII sensitivity is measured as the percentage change in projected 12-month net interest income earned in +/-100 and +/-200 basis point interest rate shock scenarios compared to a base scenario where balances and interest rates are held constant over the forecast horizon. At December 31, 2020, NII sensitivity was 15.1 percent in the +100 bps interest rate scenario, compared to 12.7 percent at December 31, 2019. Our NII sensitivity in the +200 bps interest rate shock scenario was 29.2 percent compared to 25.3 percent at December 31, 2019. NII sensitivity in the -100 bps scenario of negative 2.6 percent was lower at December 31, 2020, compared to a negative 13.3 percent at December 31, 2019. The -200 bps scenario currently indicates a lower percentage change in NII of negative 2.8 percent at December 31, 2020, compared to negative 26.7 percent at December 31, 2019. However, as noted above, the -100 and -200 bps scenarios are not complete rate shocks in this rate environment, since rates are assumed to be floored at zero. The December 31, 2020 NII sensitivity percentages are inclusive of the realized income or expense associated with interest rate swaps that were unwound reflective of the macro hedging process initiated in 2019 to reduce the impact of decreasing rates on NII. The changes in NII sensitivity are primarily the result of the changes in balance sheet composition previously described, combined with the impact of hedges in the respective parallel rate shock scenarios. Our base case static 12-month NII forecast at December 31, 2020 increased compared to December 31, 2019 by $306.7 million, primarily driven by growth in the balance sheet that has taken place year-to-date combined with an overall relatively lower rate environment, reflective of the decrease in the Federal Funds Rate in March 2020, compared to last year. Specifically, a large portion of the loan portfolio is indexed to the Prime rate, which decreased 150 bps in March of 2020 due to actions undertaken by the Federal Reserve to mitigate a possible economic downturn. The adverse impact of changes in interest rates on NII was partially tempered to a certain degree by continued growth in the loan portfolio, as well as continued balance sheet growth as previously described. A majority of our loans are indexed to Prime and LIBOR. In the positive parallel simulated rate shock scenarios, interest income on assets that are tied to variable rate indexes, primarily our variable rate loans, are expected to benefit our base 12-month NII projections. The opposite is true for negative rate shock scenarios. The 12-month NII simulations include repricing assumptions on our interest-bearing deposit products which we set at our discretion based on client needs and our overall funding mix. Repricing of interest-bearing deposits impacts estimated interest expense. For the interest rate scenarios, the simulation model incorporates embedded rate floors on loans, where present, which prevents model benchmark rates from moving below zero percent in the down rate scenarios. The embedded rate floors are also a factor in the increasing rate scenarios to the extent a simulated increase in rates is needed before floored rates are cleared. In addition, we assume deposit balance decay rates based on a historical deposit study of our clients. These assumptions may change in future periods based on changes in client behavior and at management's discretion. Actual changes in our deposit pricing strategies may differ from our current model assumptions and may have an impact on our actual sensitivity overall. 97 Table of Contents ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Stockholders and Board of Directors SVB Financial Group: Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SVB Financial Group and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Change in Accounting Principle As discussed in Notes 2 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for the recognition and measurement of credit losses as of January 1, 2020 due to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (CECL). Basis for Opinions The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 98 Table of Contents expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Critical Audit Matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Allowance for credit losses for loans and unfunded loan commitments evaluated on a collective basis As discussed in Notes 2 and 9 of the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s allowance for credit losses (ACL) for loans and unfunded credit commitments were $447.8 million and $120.8 million as of December 31, 2020, respectively. The allowance principally relates to the Company’s loans and unfunded loan commitments evaluated on a collective basis (the collective ALL and the collective AULC, respectively). The collective ALL and the collective AULC include the measure of expected credit losses on a collective (pooled) basis for those loans and unfunded loan commitments that share similar risk characteristics. The Company estimated the collective ALL using a current expected credit losses methodology based on relevant information about historical experience, the current macroeconomic environment, and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts that affect the collectability of the loan balances. The quantitative expected credit losses are the product of multiplying the Company’s estimates of probability of default (PD), loss given default (LGD), and individual loan level exposure at default (EAD) on an undiscounted basis. The Company derives the PD, LGD, and EAD from internal historical default and loss experience adjusted for multiple probability-weighted economic forecast scenarios of macroeconomic assumptions over a reasonable and supportable forecast period of three years. After the reasonable and supportable forecast period, the Company reverts to historical averages using an autoregressive method of mean reversion that trends towards the mean historical loss over the remaining contractual lives, adjusted for prepayments. The Company also applies certain qualitative adjustments to the results of its quantitative model for asset-specific risk characteristics, and current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts based on its expectation of the risks that may lead to future loan loss experience different from its historical loan loss experience. These adjustments are based on qualitative factors not reflected in the quantitative model but are expected to impact the estimate of credit losses. In order to capture the unique risks of the loan portfolio within the PD, LGD, EAD model, the Company segments the portfolio into pools and by credit risk rating. The Company estimated the collective AULC using a similar methodology as the collective ALL adjusted by the probability of an unfunded loan commitment being funded. Certain qualitative adjustments to historical loss information are also applied to the collective AULC. We identified the assessment of the December 31, 2020 collective ALL and collective AULC as a critical audit matter. A high degree of audit effort, including specialized skills and knowledge, and subjective and complex auditor judgment was involved in the assessment due to measurement uncertainty. Specifically, the assessment encompassed the evaluation of the methodology, including the methods and model used to estimate (1) the PD, LGD, and EAD and their significant assumptions and inputs, and (2) certain qualitative adjustments. Significant assumptions and inputs include the economic forecast scenarios of macroeconomic assumptions and their weightings, the historical observation period, portfolio segmentation, and credit risk ratings. The assessment also included an evaluation of the conceptual soundness and performance of the PD, LGD, and EAD model. Auditor judgment was required to evaluate the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained. The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s measurement of the December 31, 2020 collective ALL and collective AULC estimates, including controls over the: • periodic review and monitoring of the collective ALL and the collective AULC methodology • identification and determination of significant assumptions used in the PD, LGD, and EAD model 99 Table of Contents • evaluation of the qualitative adjustments, including significant assumptions used in the measurement of the qualitative adjustments • determination of credit risk ratings • analysis of the collective ALL and collective AULC results, trends, and ratios. We evaluated the Company’s process to develop the December 31, 2020 collective ALL and collective AULC estimates by testing certain sources of data, qualitative factors and assumptions that the Company used, and considered the relevance and reliability of such data, qualitative factors, and assumptions. In addition, we involved credit risk professionals with specialized skills and knowledge who assisted in: • • • • • • evaluating that the Company’s collective ALL and collective AULC methodology and key assumptions for compliance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles assessing the conceptual soundness and performance of the PD, LGD, and EAD model by inspecting the model documentation to determine whether the model is suitable for the intended use evaluating the methodology used to develop the qualitative factors and the effect of those factors on the collective ALL and the collective AULC compared with relevant credit risk factors and consistency with credit trends associated with the Company’s portfolio evaluating the historical observation period, focusing on the relevance of the full economic cycle relative to the Company’s current portfolio evaluating the approach to incorporate macroeconomic forecast assumptions in the PD, LGD, EAD model with respect to the Company’s business environment and the loan products used across the industry evaluating model validation findings and assessing their possible impact, if any • determining whether the loan portfolio is segmented by similar risk characteristics by comparing to the Company’s business and environment and relevant industry practices • testing individual credit risk ratings for a selection of loan and unfunded loan commitment borrower relationships by evaluating the financial performance of the borrower, sources of repayment, and any relevant guarantees or underlying collateral, as applicable. We also assessed the sufficiency of the audit evidence obtained related to the December 31, 2020 collective ALL and collective AULC estimates by evaluating the: • cumulative results of the audit procedures • qualitative aspects of the Company’s accounting practices • potential bias in the accounting estimates. /s/ KPMG LLP We have served as the Company's auditor since 1994. San Francisco, California March 1, 2021 100 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Dollars in thousands, except par value and share data) Assets Cash and cash equivalents Available-for-sale securities, at fair value (cost of $30,244,896 and $13,894,348, respectively) Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost and net of allowance for credit losses of $392 and $0 (fair value of $17,216,871 and $14,115,272, respectively) (1) Non-marketable and other equity securities Total investment securities Loans, amortized cost Allowance for credit losses: loans Net loans Premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization Goodwill Other intangible assets, net Lease right-of-use assets Accrued interest receivable and other assets Total assets Liabilities and total equity Liabilities: Noninterest-bearing demand deposits Interest-bearing deposits Total deposits Short-term borrowings Lease liabilities Other liabilities Long-term debt Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 21 and Note 27) SVBFG stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized; 350,000 and 350,000 shares issued and outstanding, respectively Common stock, $0.001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized; 51,888,463 and 51,655,607 shares issued and outstanding, respectively Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive income Total SVBFG stockholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests Total equity Total liabilities and total equity December 31, 2020 2019 $ 17,674,763 $ 30,912,438 6,781,783 14,014,919 16,592,153 1,802,235 49,306,826 45,181,488 (447,765) 44,733,723 175,818 142,685 61,435 209,932 3,205,825 115,511,007 $ 66,519,240 $ 35,462,567 101,981,807 20,553 259,554 3,971,974 843,628 107,077,516 13,842,946 1,213,829 29,071,694 33,164,636 (304,924) 32,859,712 161,876 137,823 49,417 197,365 1,745,233 71,004,903 40,841,570 20,916,237 61,757,807 17,430 218,847 2,041,752 347,987 64,383,823 340,138 340,138 52 1,585,244 5,671,749 622,517 8,219,700 213,791 8,433,491 115,511,007 $ 52 1,470,071 4,575,601 84,445 6,470,307 150,773 6,621,080 71,004,903 $ $ $ (1) Prior to our adoption of Accounting Standard Update (ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments) on January 1, 2020, the allowance for credit losses related to held-to-maturity (HTM) securities was not applicable and is therefore presented as zero at December 31, 2019. See "Adoption of New Accounting Standards" in Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional details. See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 101 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) Interest income: Loans Investment securities: Taxable Non-taxable Federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities Total interest income Interest expense: Deposits Borrowings Total interest expense Net interest income Provision for credit losses Net interest income after provision for credit losses Noninterest income: Gains on investment securities, net Gains on equity warrant assets, net Client investment fees Foreign exchange fees Credit card fees Deposit service charges Lending related fees Letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees Investment banking revenue Commissions Other Total noninterest income Noninterest expense: Compensation and benefits Professional services Premises and equipment Net occupancy Business development and travel FDIC and state assessments Other Total noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Income tax expense Net income before noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Preferred stock dividends Net income available to common stockholders Earnings per common share—basic Earnings per common share—diluted 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 1,520,021 $ 1,599,165 $ 1,358,480 634,992 61,055 25,542 2,241,610 60,219 25,107 85,326 2,156,284 219,510 1,936,774 420,752 237,428 132,200 178,733 97,737 90,336 57,533 46,659 413,985 66,640 98,145 1,840,148 1,318,457 247,084 127,125 100,889 23,724 27,587 190,175 2,035,041 1,741,881 447,587 1,294,294 (85,926) (17,151) 1,191,217 $ 23.05 $ 22.87 568,851 44,952 96,440 2,309,408 177,672 35,135 212,807 2,096,601 106,416 1,990,185 134,670 138,078 182,068 159,262 118,719 89,200 49,920 42,669 195,177 56,346 55,370 1,221,479 989,734 205,479 96,770 69,279 68,912 18,509 152,579 1,601,262 1,610,402 425,685 1,184,717 (47,861) — 1,136,856 $ 21.90 $ 21.73 541,605 34,616 35,208 1,969,909 29,306 46,615 75,921 1,893,988 87,870 1,806,118 88,094 89,142 130,360 138,812 94,072 76,097 41,949 34,600 — — 51,858 744,984 726,980 158,835 77,918 54,753 48,180 34,276 87,251 1,188,193 1,362,909 351,561 1,011,348 (37,508) — 973,840 18.35 18.11 $ $ See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 102 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Dollars in thousands) Net income before noncontrolling interests Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: Change in foreign currency cumulative translation gains and losses: Foreign currency translation gains (losses) Related tax (expense) benefit Change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities: Unrealized holding gains (losses) Related tax (expense) benefit Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income Related tax expense (benefit) Reclassification of unrealized gains on equity securities to retained earnings for ASU 2016-01 Related tax expense Amortization of unrealized holding losses (gains) on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity Related tax (expense) benefit Reclassification of stranded tax effect to retained earnings for ASU 2018-02 Change in unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges: Unrealized gains (losses) Related tax (expenses) benefit Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income Related tax expense (benefit) Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax Comprehensive income Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests Comprehensive income attributable to SVBFG 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 1,294,294 $ 1,184,717 $ 1,011,348 16,467 (4,621) 606,038 (168,521) (61,165) 16,953 — — 2,104 (586) — 3,208 (889) 189,813 (52,697) 3,905 (1,087) — — (2,158) 600 — 231,920 (64,281) (49,928) 13,692 538,072 1,832,366 (85,926) 1,746,440 $ (8,305) 2,306 5,358 (1,489) 138,565 1,323,282 (47,861) 1,275,421 $ $ (5,999) 1,669 (22,348) 6,315 740 (205) (40,316) 11,145 (4,607) 1,277 (319) — — — — (52,648) 958,700 (37,508) 921,192 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 103 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Common Stock Preferred Stock Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total SVBFG Stockholders’ Equity Noncontrolling Interests Total Equity 52,835,188 $ 53 $ 1,314,377 $ 2,866,837 $ (1,472) $ 4,179,795 $ 139,620 $ 4,319,415 (Dollars in thousands, except share data) Balance at December 31, 2017 Cumulative adjustment for ASU 2014-09, net of tax Cumulative adjustment for ASU 2016-01, net of tax Reclassification of stranded tax effect for ASU 2018-02 Common stock issued under employee benefit plans, net of restricted stock cancellations Common stock issued under ESOP Net income Capital calls and distributions, net Net change in unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities, net of tax Amortization of unrealized gains on securities transferred from AFS to HTM, net of tax Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax Share-based compensation, net Common stock repurchases Balance at December 31, 2018 Cumulative adjustment for the adoption of premium amortization on purchased callable debt securities (ASU 2017-08) (1) Acquisition of SVB Leerink Common stock issued under employee benefit plans, net of restricted stock cancellations Common stock issued under ESOP Issuance of Series A Preferred Stock Net income Capital calls and distributions, net Net change in unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities, net of tax Amortization of unrealized gains on securities transferred from AFS to HTM, net of tax Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax Net change in unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax Share-based compensation, net Common stock repurchases $ $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 340,138 — — — — — — 456,845 9,672 — — — — — — (715,207) 52,586,498 $ — — 586,877 14,442 — — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,532,210) Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 340,138 51,655,607 $ Cumulative adjustment for the day one adoption of ASC 326, net of tax (1) Common stock issued under employee benefit plans, net of restricted stock cancellations Common stock issued under ESOP Net income Capital calls and distributions, net Net change in unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities, net of tax Amortization of unrealized gains on securities transferred from AFS to HTM, net of tax Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax Net change in unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax Share-based compensation, net Common stock repurchases Dividends on preferred stock Other, net — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 464,985 12,094 — — — — — — — (244,223) — — — — — 1 — — — — — — — (1) 53 — — — — — — — — — — — — (1) 52 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 15,809 2,577 — — — — — 45,675 — (5,802) 103,766 319 — — 973,840 — — — — — (147,122) — (29,171) (319) — — — — (15,498) (3,330) (4,330) — — (5,802) 74,595 — 15,810 2,577 973,840 — (15,498) (3,330) (4,330) 45,675 (147,123) — — — — — 37,508 (28,494) — — — — — (5,802) 74,595 — 15,810 2,577 1,011,348 (28,494) (15,498) (3,330) (4,330) 45,675 (147,123) $ 1,378,438 $ 3,791,838 $ (54,120) $ 5,116,209 $ 148,634 $ 5,264,843 — — 21,312 3,506 — — — — — — — 66,815 — (583) — — — — 1,136,856 — — — — — — (352,510) — — — — — — — 139,934 (1,558) 2,319 (2,130) — — (583) — 21,312 3,506 340,138 1,136,856 — 139,934 (1,558) 2,319 (2,130) 66,815 (352,511) — 5,256 — — — 47,861 (50,978) — — — — — — (583) 5,256 21,312 3,506 340,138 1,184,717 (50,978) 139,934 (1,558) 2,319 (2,130) 66,815 (352,511) $ 1,470,071 $ 4,575,601 $ 84,445 $ 6,470,307 $ 150,773 $ 6,621,080 — (35,049) — (35,049) — (35,049) 28,699 2,447 — — — — — — 83,986 — — 41 — — 1,208,368 — — — — — — (60,020) (17,151) — — — — — 393,305 1,518 11,846 131,403 — — — — 28,699 2,447 1,208,368 — 393,305 1,518 11,846 131,403 83,986 (60,020) (17,151) 41 — — 85,926 (22,908) — — — — — — — — 28,699 2,447 1,294,294 (22,908) 393,305 1,518 11,846 131,403 83,986 (60,020) (17,151) 41 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 340,138 51,888,463 $ 52 $ 1,585,244 $ 5,671,749 $ 622,517 $ 8,219,700 $ 213,791 $ 8,433,491 (1) See Note 2- "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional details. See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 104 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Dollars in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income before noncontrolling interests Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Provision for credit losses Changes in fair value of equity warrant assets, net of proceeds from exercises Changes in fair values of derivatives, net Gains on investment securities, net Distributions of earnings from non-marketable and other equity securities Depreciation and amortization Amortization of premiums and discounts on investment securities, net Amortization of share-based compensation Amortization of deferred loan fees Deferred income tax expense (benefit) Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted shares Losses from the write-off of premises and equipment and right-of-use assets Other losses Changes in other assets and liabilities: Accrued interest receivable and payable, net Accounts receivable and payable, net Income tax receivable and payable, net Accrued compensation Foreign exchange spot contracts, net Proceeds from termination of interest rate swaps Other, net Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of available-for-sale securities Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of available-for-sale securities Purchases of held-to-maturity securities Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of held-to-maturity securities Purchases of non-marketable and other equity securities Proceeds from sales and distributions of capital of non-marketable and other equity securities Net increase in loans Purchases of premises and equipment Business acquisitions Net cash used for investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Net increase in deposits Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings Principal payments of long-term debt Proceeds from issuance of 3.125% Senior Notes (Distributions to noncontrolling interests), net of contributions from noncontrolling interests Net proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock Payment of preferred stock dividends Common stock repurchase Proceeds from issuance of common stock, ESPP and ESOP Net cash provided by financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period Supplemental disclosures: Cash paid during the period for: Interest Income taxes Noncash items during the period: Changes in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax Distributions of stock from investments Year ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 $ 1,294,294 $ 1,184,717 $ 1,011,348 219,510 (2,347) (48,013) (420,752) 85,587 100,840 75,178 83,986 (173,975) 6,911 (5,857) 30,170 — (26,205) 18,765 97,607 190,983 (20,790) 227,500 (287,905) 1,445,487 (23,207,791) 2,654,212 4,183,888 (6,778,370) 4,035,952 (201,293) 148,224 (11,926,436) (87,407) (26,700) (31,205,721) 40,224,000 3,123 — 495,024 (22,908) — (17,151) (60,020) 31,146 40,653,214 10,892,980 6,781,783 106,416 2,240 (18,506) (134,670) 95,131 82,717 15,513 66,815 (155,429) (3,072) (9,588) 5,219 8,959 (24,189) (17,019) (11,630) (15,253) 59,998 — (74,240) 1,164,129 (9,872,095) 2,189,087 1,643,357 (492,502) 2,124,513 (136,186) 113,526 (4,773,775) (65,479) (102,328) (9,371,882) 12,428,907 (613,982) (358,395) — (50,978) 340,138 — (352,511) 24,818 11,417,997 3,210,244 3,571,539 $ $ $ 17,674,763 $ 6,781,783 $ 83,746 299,175 393,305 11,913 $ $ 217,961 422,346 139,934 8,917 $ $ 87,870 (24,417) (11,043) (88,094) 72,015 57,906 (28) 45,675 (128,077) (21,061) (17,989) 7,278 — (55,834) (23,020) (5,820) 56,874 24,018 — (54,039) 933,562 (668,264) 474,482 3,436,064 (4,726,595) 1,891,761 (81,574) 95,025 (5,175,409) (45,865) — (4,800,375) 5,074,825 (402,318) — — (28,494) — — (147,123) 18,387 4,515,277 648,464 2,923,075 3,571,539 75,601 376,425 (15,498) 5,277 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. 105 Table of Contents 1. Nature of Business SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SVB Financial Group is a diversified financial services company, as well as a bank holding company and a financial holding company. SVB Financial was incorporated in the state of Delaware in March 1999. Through our various subsidiaries and divisions, we offer a diverse set of banking and financial products and services to support our clients of all sizes and stages throughout their life cycles. In these notes to our consolidated financial statements, when we refer to “SVB Financial Group,” “SVBFG”, the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or use similar words, we mean SVB Financial Group and all of its subsidiaries collectively, including Silicon Valley Bank (the “Bank”), unless the context requires otherwise. When we refer to “SVB Financial” or the “Parent” we are referring only to the parent company entity, SVB Financial Group (not including subsidiaries). We offer commercial banking products and services through our principal subsidiary, the Bank, which is a California-chartered bank founded in 1983 and a member of the Federal Reserve System. Through its subsidiaries, the Bank also offers asset management, private wealth management and other investment services. In addition, through SVB Financial's other subsidiaries and divisions, we offer investment banking and non-banking products and services, such as funds management and M&A advisory services. We primarily focus on serving corporate clients in the following industries: technology, life science/healthcare, private equity/venture capital and premium wine. Our corporate clients range widely in terms of size and stage of maturity. Additionally, we focus on cultivating strong relationships with firms within the venture capital and private equity community worldwide, many of which are also our clients and may invest in our corporate clients. Headquartered in Santa Clara, California, we operate in centers of innovation in the United States and around the world. For reporting purposes, SVB Financial Group has four operating segments for which we report financial information in this report: Global Commercial Bank, SVB Private Bank, SVB Capital and SVB Leerink. 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates and Assumptions The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates may change as new information is obtained. Items that are subject to such estimates include: 1) measurements of fair value, which include the valuation of non-marketable and other equity securities and the valuation of equity warrant assets, 2) income taxes, and 3) the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses for loans and the allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments. The following discussion of significant accounting policies includes further details regarding these estimates. Principles of Consolidation and Presentation Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SVB Financial Group and consolidated entities. We consolidate voting entities in which we have control through voting interests or entities through which we have a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity ("VIE"). We determine whether we have a controlling financial interest in a VIE by determining if we have (a) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, (b) the obligation to absorb the expected losses or (c) the right to receive the expected returns of the entity. Generally, we have significant variable interests if our commitments to a limited partnership investment represent a significant amount of the total commitments to the entity. We also evaluate the impact of related parties on our determination of variable interests in our consolidation conclusions. We consolidate VIEs in which we are the primary beneficiary based on a controlling financial interest. If we are not the primary beneficiary of a VIE, we record our pro-rata interests based on our ownership percentage. VIEs are entities where investors lack sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or equity investors and, as a group, lack one of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, (b) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or (c) the right to receive the expected returns of the entity. We assess VIEs to determine if we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE. A primary beneficiary is defined as a variable interest holder that has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest requires both: (a) the power to direct the activities that most significantly 106 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) impact the VIEs economic performance, and (b) the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits of a VIE that could potentially be significant to a VIE. Under this analysis, we also evaluate kick-out rights and other participating rights, which could provide us a controlling financial interest. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. We also evaluate fees paid to managers of our limited partnership investments. We exclude those fee arrangements that are not deemed to be variable interests from the analysis of our interests in our investments in VIEs and the determination of a primary beneficiary, if any. Fee arrangements based on terms that are customary and commensurate with the services provided are deemed not to be variable interests and are, therefore, excluded. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions with consolidated entities have been eliminated. We have not provided financial or other support during the periods presented to any VIE that we were not previously contractually required to provide. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, cash balances due from banks, interest-earning deposits, Federal Reserve deposits, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities. For the consolidated statements of cash flows, we consider cash equivalents to be investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash, so near to their maturity that they present an insignificant risk of change in fair value due to changes in market interest rates, and purchased in conjunction with our cash management activities. Investment Securities Available-for-Sale Securities and the Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities Our available-for-sale securities portfolio is a fixed income investment portfolio that is managed to earn an appropriate portfolio yield over the long-term while maintaining sufficient liquidity and credit diversification and meeting our asset/liability management objectives. Unrealized gains and losses on available- for-sale securities, net of applicable taxes, are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a separate component of SVBFG's stockholders' equity, until realized. We analyze available-for-sale securities for impairment related to credit losses each quarter. Market valuations represent the current fair value of a security at a specified point in time and incorporates the risk of timing of interest due and the return of principal over the contractual life of each security. Gains and losses on securities are realized when there is a sale of the security prior to maturity. A credit impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance against the security with an offset through earnings; the allowance is limited to the amount that fair value, calculated as the present value of expected future cash flow discounted at the security’s effective interest rate, is less than the amortized cost basis. We separate the amount of the impairment related to credit losses, if any, and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and recorded as an allowance for credit losses for AFS securities. We consider numerous factors in determining whether a credit loss exists and the period over which the debt security is expected to recover. The following list is not meant to be all inclusive. All of the following factors are considered: • • • • • • • The length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost basis (severity and duration); Adverse conditions specifically related to the security, an industry or geographic area; for example, changes in the financial condition of the issuer of the security, or in the case of an asset-backed debt security, changes in the financial condition of the underlying loan obligors. Examples of those changes include any of the following: ◦ ◦ ◦ Changes in technology; The discontinuance of a segment of the business that may affect the future earnings potential of the issuer or underlying loan obligors of the security; and Changes in the quality of the credit enhancement. The historical and implied volatility of the fair value of the security; The payment structure of the debt security and the likelihood of the issuer being able to make payments that increase in the future; Failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments; Any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency; and Recoveries or additional declines in fair value after the balance sheet date. 107 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) In accordance with ASC 310-20, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs, we use estimates of future principal prepayments, provided by third- party market-data vendors, in addition to actual principal prepayment experience to calculate the constant effective yield necessary to apply the effective interest method in the amortization of purchase discounts or premiums on mortgage-backed securities and fixed rate collateralized mortgage obligations. The accretion and amortization of discounts and premiums, respectively, are included in interest income over the contractual terms of the underlying securities replicating the effective interest method. Held-to-Maturity Securities and the Allowance for Credit Losses on Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt securities purchased with the positive intent and ability to hold to its maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and are recorded at amortized cost, net of any allowance for credit losses. Effective January 1, 2020, we measure expected credit losses ("ECL") on held-to-maturity securities on a collective basis by major security type and standard credit rating. Our held-to-maturity securities portfolio, with the exception of our municipal bond portfolio, are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses. With respect to these securities, we consider the risk of credit loss to be zero and, therefore, we do not record an ECL. Our municipal bond portfolio primarily consists of highly rated bonds and currently carry ratings no lower than Aa2. The estimate of ECL on our municipal bond portfolio considers historical credit loss information and severity of loss in the event of default and leverages external data adjusted for current conditions. A reasonable and supportable forecast period of one year is applied to our municipal bond portfolio, with immediate reversion to long-term average historical loss rates when remaining contractual lives of securities exceed one year. We do not estimate ECL on accrued interest receivable ("AIR") from held-to-maturity securities as AIR is reversed or written off when the full collection of the AIR related to a security becomes doubtful. AIR from held-to-maturity securities totaled $55.0 million at December 31, 2020 and $45.2 million at December 31, 2019 and is excluded from the amortized cost disclosures within our HTM security disclosures in Note 8—“Investment Securities” as it is included and reported separately within "Accrued interest receivable and other assets" in our consolidated balance sheets. Expected credit loss on municipal bonds that do not share common risk characteristics with our collective portfolio are individually measured based on net realizable value, or the difference between the discounted value of the expected future cash flows and the recorded amortized cost basis of the security. Prior to the adoption of CECL, we applied the other-than-temporary impairment standards of ASC 320, Investment-Debt and Equity Securities, for our held- to-maturity securities. For periods prior to January 1, 2020, we separated the amount of the other-than-temporary impairment, if any, into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between a security's amortized cost basis and the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the security's effective interest rate. The amount due to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. Transfers of investment securities into the held-to-maturity category from the available-for-sale category are made at fair value at the date of transfer. The net unrealized gains, net of tax, are retained in other comprehensive income, and the carrying value of the held-to-maturity securities are amortized over the life of the securities in a manner consistent with the amortization of a premium or discount. Non-Marketable and Other Equity Securities Non-marketable and other equity securities include investments in venture capital and private equity funds, SPD-SVB, debt funds, private and public portfolio companies, including public equity securities held as a result of equity warrant assets exercised, and investments in qualified affordable housing projects. A majority of these investments are managed through our SVB Capital funds business in funds of funds and direct venture funds. Our accounting for investments in non-marketable and other equity securities depends on several factors, including the level of ownership, power to control and the legal structure of the subsidiary making the investment. As further described below, we base our accounting for such securities on: (i) fair value accounting, (ii) measurement alternative for other investments without a readily determinable fair value, (iii) equity method accounting and (iv) the proportional amortization method which is used only for qualified affordable housing projects. Fair Value Accounting Our managed funds are investment companies under the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide for Investment Companies (codified in ASC 946) and accordingly, these funds report their investments at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as investment gains or losses in our consolidated statements of income. Our non-marketable and other equity securities recorded pursuant to fair value accounting consist of our investments through our managed funds of funds, which make investments in venture capital and private equity funds. A summary of our 108 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) ownership interests in the investments held under fair value accounting as of December 31, 2020 is presented in the following table: Limited partnership Managed funds of funds Strategic Investors Fund, LP Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP Growth Partners, LP Company Direct and Indirect Ownership in Limited Partnership 12.6 % 20.0 33.0 The general partner interests of these funds are controlled, and in some cases, owned by SVB Financial. The limited partners of these funds do not have substantive participating or kick-out rights. Therefore, these funds are consolidated and any gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the investments are recorded as investment gains or losses in our consolidated net income. Under fair value accounting, investments are carried at their estimated fair value based on financial information obtained as the general partner of the fund or obtained from the funds' respective general partner. For direct private company investments, valuations are based upon consideration of a range of factors including, but not limited to, the price at which the investment was acquired, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, exit strategies and financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment. For direct equity investments in public companies, valuations are based on quoted market prices less a discount if the securities are subject to certain sales restrictions. Sales restriction discounts generally range from ten to twenty depending on the sale restrictions which typically range from three to six months. The valuation of non-marketable securities in shares of private company capital stock and the valuation of other securities in shares of public company stock with certain sales restrictions is subject to significant judgment. The inherent uncertainty in the process of valuing securities for which a ready market does not exist may cause our estimated values of these securities to differ significantly from the values that would have been derived had a ready market for the securities existed, and those differences could be material. For our fund investments, we utilize the net asset value as obtained from the general partners of the fund investments as the funds do not have a readily determinable fair value. The general partners of our fund investments prepare their financial statements using guidance consistent with fair value accounting. We account for differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment's net asset value by using the most recent available financial information from the investee general partner, for example September 30 , for our December 31 consolidated financial statements. We adjust the value of our investments for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment and known significant fund transactions or market events about which we are aware through information provided by the fund managers or from publicly available transaction data during the reporting period. th st Gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the investments and from distributions received are recorded as gains on investment securities, net, a component of noninterest income. The portion of any investment gains or losses attributable to the limited partners is reflected as net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and adjusts our net income to reflect its percentage ownership. Other Investments without a Readily Determinable Fair Value Our direct investments in private companies do not have a readily determinable fair value. We measure these investments at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments from the same issuer. Such changes are recognized through earnings. We consider a range of factors when adjusting the fair value of these investments, including, but not limited to, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment and a discount for certain investments that have lock-up restrictions or other features that indicate a discount to fair value is warranted. 109 Table of Contents Equity Method SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Our equity method non-marketable securities consist of investments in venture capital and private equity funds, privately-held companies, debt funds, and joint ventures. Our equity method non-marketable securities and related accounting policies are described as follows: • • Equity securities and investments in limited partnerships, such as preferred or common stock in privately-held companies in which we hold a voting interest of at least 20 percent, or in which we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investees' operating and financial policies through voting interests, board involvement or other influence are accounted for under the equity method, Investments in limited partnerships in which we hold voting interests of more than 5 percent, or in which we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the partnerships' operating and financial policies, are accounted for using the equity method, and • Our SPD-SVB (the Bank's joint venture bank in China) partnership, for which we have 50 percent ownership, is accounted for under the equity method. We recognize our proportionate share of the results of operations of these equity method investees in our results of operations, based on the most current financial information available from the investee. We review our investments accounted for under the equity method at least quarterly for possible other-than- temporary impairment. Our review typically includes an analysis of facts and circumstances for each investment, the expectations of the investment's future cash flows and capital needs, variability of its business and the company's exit strategy. For our fund investments, we utilize the net asset value per share as provided by the general partners of the fund investments. We account for differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment's net asset st value by using the most recent available financial information from the investee general partner, for example September 30 , for our December 31 consolidated financial statements. We adjust the value of our investments for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment, and known significant fund transactions or market events about which we are aware through information provided by the fund managers or from publicly available transaction data during the reporting period. th We reduce our investment value when we consider declines in value to be other-than-temporary and recognize the estimated loss as a loss on investment securities, a component of noninterest income. Proportional Amortization Method In order to fulfill our responsibilities under the Community Reinvestment Act, we invest as a limited partner in low income housing partnerships that operate qualified affordable housing projects and generate tax benefits, including federal low income housing tax credits, for investors. The partnerships are deemed to be VIEs because they do not have sufficient equity investment at risk and are structured with non-substantive voting rights. We are not the primary beneficiary of the VIEs and do not consolidate them. Our investments in low income housing partnerships are recorded in non-marketable and other equity securities within our investment securities portfolio on the consolidated balance sheet. As a practical expedient, we amortize the investment in proportion to the allocated tax benefits under the proportional amortization method of accounting and present such benefits net of investment amortization in income tax expense. Loans Loans are reported at amortized cost which consists of the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned loan fees. Unearned loan fees reflect unamortized deferred loan origination and commitment fees net of unamortized deferred loan origination costs. In addition to cash loan fees, we often obtain equity warrant assets that give us an option to purchase a position in a client company's stock in consideration for providing credit facilities. The grant date fair values of these equity warrant assets are deemed to be loan fees and are deferred as unearned income and recognized as an adjustment of loan yield through loan interest income. The net amount of unearned loan fees is amortized into loan interest income over the contractual terms of the underlying loans and commitments using the constant effective yield method, adjusted for actual loan prepayment experience, or the straight-line method, as applicable. Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans The allowance for credit losses for loans considers credit risk and is adjusted by a provision for ECL charged to expense and reduced by the charge-off of loan amounts, net of recoveries. Our allowance for credit losses is an estimate of expected losses inherent with the Company's existing loans at the balance sheet date. Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. 110 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Portfolio Segments and Risk-Based Segments The process to estimate the ECL on loans involves procedures to appropriately consider the unique characteristics of our six loan portfolio segments. Our six portfolio segments are determined by using the following risk dimensions: (i) underwriting methodology, (ii) industry niche and (iii) life stage. The six portfolio segments are further disaggregated into 11 classes of financing receivable, or risk-based segments, and represents the level at which credit risk is monitored. Credit quality is assessed and monitored by evaluating various attributes and the results of those evaluations are utilized in underwriting new loans and in our process to estimate ECL. For further information refer to Note 9—“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments.” The following provides additional information regarding our six portfolio segments and the additional disaggregation of our 11 risk-based segments: Global Fund Banking The vast majority of our Global Fund Banking (formerly Private Equity/Venture Capital) portfolio segment consists of capital call lines of credit, the repayment of which is dependent on the payment of capital calls by the underlying limited partner investors in the funds managed by certain private equity and venture capital firms. These facilities are generally governed by meaningful financial covenants oriented towards ensuring that the funds' remaining callable capital is sufficient to repay the loan, and larger commitments (typically provided to larger private equity funds) are often secured by an assignment of the general partner's right to call capital from the fund's limited partner investors. Investor Dependent - Accelerator (Early-Stage) and Growth (Mid-Stage and Later-Stage) Investor Dependent loans are comprised of two portfolio segments: (i) Accelerator, which is comprised of Early-Stage clients, and (ii) Growth, which is comprised of Mid-Stage and Later-Stage clients. Our Investor Dependent loans are made primarily to technology and life science/healthcare companies. Investor Dependent loans typically have modest or negative cash flows and no established record of profitable operations. Repayment of these loans may be dependent upon receipt by borrowers of additional equity financing from venture capital firms or others, or in some cases, a successful sale to a third party or an IPO. Venture capital firms may provide financing selectively, at reduced amounts, or on less favorable terms, which may have an adverse effect on our borrowers' ability to repay their loans to us. When repayment is dependent upon the next round of venture investment and there is an indication that further investment is unlikely or will not occur, it is often likely that the company would need to be sold to repay the debt in full. If reasonable efforts have not yielded a likely buyer willing to repay all debt at the close of the sale or on commercially viable terms, the account will most likely be deemed to be non- performing or charged-off. Our Accelerator, or Early-Stage, portfolio segment consists of pre-revenue, development-stage companies and companies that are in the early phases of commercialization, with revenues of up to $5 million. Our Growth portfolio segment is disaggregated into two risk-based segments for disclosure purposes; Mid-Stage and Later-Stage. Mid-Stage companies consist of growth-stage enterprises with revenues of between $5 million and $15 million or, in the case of biotechnology, pre-revenue clinical-stage companies. Later-Stage consists of companies with revenues of $15 million or more. This disaggregation of our Investor Dependent loans is based in part on the materially different historical loss rate we have experienced with each risk-based segment, with historical loss rates being the highest in the Early-Stage portfolio segment, and declining in the Mid-Stage and Later-Stage risk-based segments, as a function of the relatively higher enterprise value and asset coverage that is created as a company progresses through the various stages of development. Cash Flow and Balance Sheet Dependent Our Cash Flow and Balance Sheet Dependent portfolio segment is disaggregated into Cash Flow Dependent and Balance Sheet Dependent loans. Additionally, our Cash Flow Dependent loans are disaggregated into two risk-based segments for disclosure purposes: (i) Sponsor Led Buyout and (ii) Other. Our Cash Flow Dependent loans are made primarily to technology and life science/healthcare companies and require the borrower to maintain cash flow from operations that is sufficient to service all debt. Borrowers must demonstrate normalized cash flow in excess of all fixed charges associated with operating the business. Sponsor Led Buyout loans are typically used to assist a select group of experienced private equity sponsors with the acquisition of businesses, are larger in size, and repayment is generally dependent upon the cash flows of the acquired company. The acquired companies are typically established, later-stage businesses of scale and characterized by reasonable levels of leverage with loan structures that include meaningful financial covenants. The sponsor's equity contribution is often 50 percent or more of the acquisition price. Balance Sheet Dependent loans are made primarily to technology and life science/healthcare companies, which include asset-based loans, and are structured to require constant current asset coverage (i.e., cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and, to a much lesser extent, inventory) in an amount that exceeds the outstanding debt. These loans are generally made to companies in our Growth and Corporate Finance practices. The repayment of these arrangements 111 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) is dependent on the financial condition, and payment ability, of third parties with whom our clients do business. As a result of the adoption of CECL and in connection with the revised approach to portfolio disaggregation discussed above, certain loans that were previously considered to be Balance Sheet Dependent have been reclassified as Investor Dependent - Later-Stage. Private Bank Our Private Bank clients are primarily private equity/venture capital professionals and executives in the innovation companies they support. We offer a customized suite of private banking services, including mortgages, home equity lines of credit, restricted and private stock loans, capital call lines of credit, lines of credit against liquid assets and other secured and unsecured lending products, as well as cash and wealth management services. In addition, we provide owner occupied commercial mortgages to Private Bank clients and real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP. Premium Wine and Other Our Premium Wine and Other portfolio segment consists of two risk-based segments for disclosure purposes: (i) Premium Wine and (ii) Other. Our Premium Wine clients primarily consist of premium wine producers, vineyards and wine industry or hospitality related businesses across the Western United States, primarily in California's Napa Valley, Sonoma County and Central Coast regions, as well as the Pacific Northwest. Our Other risk-based segment primarily includes our community development loans made as part of our responsibilities under the Community Reinvestment Act. SBA Loans SBA loans are included across all of our six portfolio segments and are separately disclosed as a single risk-based segment. We participated in the SBA's Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") to support small businesses across the United States. Under this program, the SBA provides a guarantee to banks making unsecured term loans of up to $10 million for qualified initial borrowers, and up to $2 million for second-time borrowers, as provided by the CARES Act, the Economic Aid Act, and related regulations and guidance. The ability to disburse loans under the PPP was extended to March 31, 2021 after the enactment of the Economic Aid Act and we have also begun accepting forgiveness applications from clients, whereby clients apply for loans to be forgiven (paid off) by the SBA. Loans funded under this program are primarily made to clients in the technology, life science/healthcare, premium wine and energy resource industries. While the recipients were located across the United States, more than half were made to clients that applied from the western United States. We maintain a systematic process for the evaluation of individual loans and portfolio segments for inherent risk of estimated credit losses for loans. At the time of approval, each loan in our portfolio is assigned a credit risk rating. Credit risk ratings are assigned on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 representing loans with a low risk of nonpayment, 9 representing loans with the highest risk of nonpayment and 10 representing loans which have been charged-off. The credit risk ratings for each loan are monitored and updated on an ongoing basis. This credit risk rating process includes, but is not limited to, consideration of such factors as payment status, the financial condition and operating performance of the borrower, borrower compliance with loan covenants, underlying collateral values and performance trends, the degree of access to additional capital, the presence of credit enhancements such as third party guarantees (where applicable), the degree to which the borrower is sensitive to external factors and the depth and experience of the borrower's management team. Our policies require a committee of senior management to review, at least quarterly, credit relationships with a credit risk rating of 5 through 9 that exceed specific dollar values. Expected Credit Loss Measurement The methodology for estimating the amount of ECL reported in the allowance for credit losses is the sum of two main components: (1) ECL assessed on a collective basis for pools of loans that share similar risk characteristics which includes a qualitative adjustment based on management’s assessment of the risks that may lead to a future loan loss experience different from our historical loan loss experience and (2) ECL assessed for individual loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans. We do not estimate ECL on AIR on loans as AIR is reversed or written off when the full collection of the AIR related to a loan becomes doubtful, which is when loans are placed on nonaccrual status. AIR on loans totaled $126.4 million at December 31, 2020 and $119.1 million at December 31, 2019 and is excluded from the amortized cost disclosures in Note 9—“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments”, as it is included and reported separately within "Accrued interest receivable and other assets" in our consolidated balance sheets. While the evaluation process of our allowance for credit losses on loans uses historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the estimate of the allowance for credit losses for loans rely on the judgment and experience of 112 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) our management. A committee comprised of senior management evaluates the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses for loans, which includes review of loan portfolio segmentation, quantitative models, internal and external data inputs, economic forecasts, credit risk ratings and qualitative adjustments. Loans That Share Similar Risk Characteristics with Other Loans We derive an estimated ECL assumption from a non-discounted cash flow approach based on our portfolio segments discussed above. This approach incorporates a calculation of three predictive metrics: (1) probability of default ("PD"), (2) loss given default ("LGD") and (3) exposure at default ("EAD"), over the estimated life of the exposure. PD and LGD assumptions are developed based on quantitative models and inherent risk of credit loss, both of which involve significant judgment. Renewals and extensions within our control are not considered in the estimated contractual term of a loan. However, we include potential extensions if management has a reasonable expectation that we will execute a TDR with the borrower. The quantitative models are based on historical credit loss experience, adjusted for probability-weighted economic scenarios. These scenarios are used to support a reasonable and supportable forecast period of three years for all portfolio segments. To the extent the remaining contractual lives of loans in the portfolio extend beyond this three-year period, we revert to historical averages using an autoregressive method of mean reversion that will continue to gradually trend towards the mean historical loss over the remaining contractual lives of loans, adjusted for prepayments. The macroeconomic scenarios are reviewed on a quarterly basis. We also apply a qualitative factor adjustment to the results obtained through our quantitative ECL models to consider model imprecision, emerging risk assessments, trends and other subjective factors that may not be adequately represented in quantitative ECL models. These adjustments to historical loss information are for asset specific risk characteristics, and also reflect our assessment of the extent that current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts differ from conditions that existed during the period over which historical information was evaluated. These adjustments are aggregated to become our qualitative allocation. Based on our qualitative assessment estimate of changing risks in the lending environment, the qualitative allocation may vary significantly from period to period and may include, but is not limited to, consideration of the following factors: • • • • • • • • • • Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere in estimating credit losses; Changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various market segments; Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans; Changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of nonaccrual loans and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans; Changes in the quality of our loan review system; Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans; The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations; The effect of other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in our existing portfolio; and The effect of limitations of available data, model imprecision and recent macro-economic factors that may not be reflected in the forecast information. Loans That Do Not Share Similar Risk Characteristics We monitor our loan pools to ensure all assets therein continue to share similar risk characteristics with other financial assets inside the pool. Changes in credit risk, borrower circumstances or the recognition of write-offs may indicate that a loan's risk profile has changed, and the asset should be removed from its current pool. For a loan that does not share risk characteristics with other loans, expected credit loss is measured based on the net realizable value, that is, the difference between the discounted value of the expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of the loan. When a loan is collateral-dependent and the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the ECL is measured as the difference between the amortized cost basis of the loan and the fair value of the collateral. The fair value of the collateral will be determined by the most recent appraisal, as adjusted to reflect a reasonable marketing period for the sale of the asset(s) and an estimate of reasonable selling expenses. Collateral-dependent loans will have independent appraisals completed and accepted at least annually. 113 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Allowance for Credit Losses: Unfunded Credit Commitments We maintain a separate allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments which is included in other liabilities and the related ECL in our provision for credit losses. We estimate the amount of expected losses by using historical trends to calculate a probability of an unfunded credit commitment being funded and derive historical lifetime expected loss factors for each portfolio segment similar to our funded loan ECL. The collectively assessed ECL for unfunded credit commitments also includes the same qualitative allocations applied for our funded loan ECL. For unfunded credit commitments related to loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans, where applicable, a separate estimate of ECL will be included in our total allowance for credit losses on unfunded credit commitments. Loan commitments that are determined to be unconditionally cancellable by the Company do not require an allowance for credit losses on unfunded credit commitments. Uncollectible Loans and Write-offs Our charge-off policy applies to all loans, regardless of portfolio segment. Commercial loans are considered for a full or partial charge-off in the event that principal or interest is over 180 days past due and the loan lacks sufficient collateral and it is not in the process of collection. Consumer loans are considered for a full or partial charge-off in the event that principal or interest is over 120 days past due and the loan lacks sufficient collateral and it is not in the process of collection. We also consider writing off loans in the event of any of the following circumstances: 1) the loan, or a portion of the loan is deemed uncollectible due to: a) the borrower's inability to make recurring payments, b) material changes in the borrower's financial condition, or c) the expected sale of all or a portion of the borrower's business is insufficient to repay the loan in full, or 2) the loan has been identified for charge-off by regulatory authorities. Troubled Debt Restructurings A TDR arises from the modification of a loan where we have granted a concession to the borrower related to the borrower's financial difficulties that we would not have otherwise considered for economic or legal reasons. These concessions may include: (1) deferral of payment for more than an insignificant period of time that does not include sufficient offsetting borrower concessions; (2) interest rate reductions; (3) extension of the maturity date outside of ordinary course extension; (4) principal forgiveness; and/or (5) reduction of accrued interest. We use the factors in ASC 310-40, Receivables, Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, in analyzing when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and when we have granted a concession, both of which must be present for a restructuring to meet the criteria of a TDR. If we determine that a TDR exists, we measure impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, except that as a practical expedient, we may also measure impairment based on a loan's observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral less selling costs if the loan is a collateral-dependent loan. In April 2020, we implemented three loan payment deferral programs targeted to assist borrowers who were the most impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These programs included relief for venture-backed, private bank and wine borrowers who met certain criteria. For loans modified under these programs, in accordance with the provisions of Section 4013 of the CARES Act, we elected to not apply troubled debt restructuring classifications to borrowers who were current as of December 31, 2019. In addition, for loans that did not meet the CARES Act criteria, we applied the guidance in an interagency statement issued by bank regulatory agencies. Using this guidance, we may find that borrowers are not experiencing financial difficulty that may otherwise result in a TDR classification, in accordance with ASC Subtopic 310-40, if loan modifications are performed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, provide short-term loan payment deferrals (e.g. six months in duration) and are granted to borrowers who were current as of the implementation date of the loan modification program. We evaluated all loans modified under these programs against the CARES Act and interagency guidance, as applicable, and determined the loan modifications would not be considered TDRs. We did not defer interest income recognition during periods of payment deferral, nor did any qualifying modification trigger nonaccrual status. Nonaccrual Loans Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when they become 90 days past due as to principal or interest payments (unless the principal and interest are well secured and in the process of collection); or when we have determined, based upon currently known information, that the timely collection of principal or interest is not probable. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, the accrued interest and fees are reversed against interest income and the loan is accounted for using the cost recovery method thereafter until qualifying for return to accrual status. For a loan to be returned to accrual status, all delinquent principal and interest must become current in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement and future collection of remaining principal and interest must be deemed probable. We apply a cost recovery 114 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) method in which all cash received is applied to the loan principal until it has been collected. Under this approach, interest income is recognized after total cash flows received exceed the recorded investment at the date of initial nonaccrual. All of our nonaccrual loans have credit risk ratings of 8 or 9 and are classified under the nonperforming category. Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment are reported at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the terms of the related leases, whichever is shorter. The maximum estimated useful lives by asset classification are as follows: Leasehold improvements Furniture and equipment Computer software Computer hardware Lesser of lease term or asset life 7 years 3-7 years 3-5 years We capitalize the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use, including costs related to developed software, purchased software licenses and certain implementation costs. For property and equipment that is retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is included in noninterest expense in consolidated net income. Lease Obligations We have entered into leases for real estate and various equipment utilized for the business. At the inception of the lease, each lease is evaluated to determine whether the lease will be accounted for as an operating or finance lease. We had no finance lease obligations at December 31, 2020 and 2019. We have made an accounting policy election not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities that arise from short-term leases for any class of underlying asset. In addition to excluding short-term leases, we have implemented an accounting policy in which non-lease components are not separated from lease components in the measurement of right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liabilities for all lease contracts. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company reviews ROU assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. ROU assets are reviewed for recoverability at the lowest level in which there are identifiable cash flows (“asset group”). The carrying amount of an asset group is not considered recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. If the asset group is determined not to be recoverable, then an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the store asset group exceeds its fair value. The resulting impairment charge, if any, is allocated to the underlying assets on a pro rata basis using their relative carrying amounts. Business Combinations Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Acquired assets, including separately identifiable intangible assets, and assumed liabilities are recorded at their acquisition-date estimated fair values. The excess of the cost of acquisition over these fair values is recognized as goodwill. During the measurement period, which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date, changes to estimated fair values are recognized as an adjustment to goodwill. Certain transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill is not amortized and is subject, at a minimum, to an annual impairment assessment. A quantitative assessment will be completed if we have not recently completed a fair value assessment of the associated reporting unit and compared the assessed fair value of that reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. Should we be required to calculate the fair value of the entity, we would generally apply a discounted cash flow analysis that uses forecasted 115 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) performance estimates, and a discount rate leveraging a reporting unit specific capital asset pricing model, which in turn uses assumptions related to market performance and various macroeconomic and reporting unit specific risks. If this quantitative assessment was recently completed and if we deem the estimate to be current and reliable, we will not perform a full quantitative assessment of the reporting unit’s fair value for that reporting period. Instead, we will qualitatively determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. As part of this qualitative analysis we consider macroeconomic factors that might impact the entity’s performance, entity-specific financial performance of the reporting unit, changes in management or strategy and other factors. We will evaluate goodwill for impairment more frequently if circumstances indicate that the fair value of our reporting units is less than their carrying value, including goodwill. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives and all intangible assets are subject to impairment if events or circumstances indicate that the fair value is less than the carrying amount. Fair Value Measurements Our available-for-sale securities, derivative instruments and certain non-marketable and other equity securities are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. We make estimates regarding valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value in preparing our consolidated financial statements. Fair Value Measurement-Definition and Hierarchy Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (the “exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. There is a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. The classification of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to the valuation methodology used for measurement are observable or unobservable and on the significance of those inputs in the fair value measurement. Observable inputs reflect market-derived or market-based information obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our estimates about market data and views of market participants. The three levels for measuring fair value are based on the reliability of inputs and are as follows: Level 1 Fair value measurements based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these instruments does not entail a significant degree of judgment. Assets utilizing Level 1 inputs include U.S. Treasury securities, foreign government debt securities, exchange-traded equity securities and certain marketable securities accounted for under fair value accounting. Level 2 Fair value measurements based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, directly or indirectly. Valuations for the available-for-sale securities are provided by independent pricing service providers who have experience in valuing these securities and are compared to the average of quoted market prices obtained from independent brokers. We perform a monthly analysis on the values received from third parties so that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of the fair value. The procedures include, but are not limited to, initial and ongoing review of third-party pricing methodologies, review of pricing trends and monitoring of trading volumes. Additional corroboration, such as obtaining a non-binding price from a broker, may be obtained depending on the frequency of trades of the security and the level of liquidity or depth of the market. Prices received from independent brokers represent a reasonable estimate of the fair value and are validated through the use of observable market inputs including comparable trades, yield curve, spreads and, when available, market indices. If we determine that there is a more appropriate fair value based upon the available market data, the price received from the third party is adjusted accordingly. Below is a summary of the significant inputs used for each class of Level 2 assets and liabilities: U.S. agency debentures: Fair value measurements of U.S. agency debentures are based on the characteristics specific to bonds held, such as issuer name, issuance date, coupon rate, maturity date and any applicable issuer call option features. Valuations are based on market spreads relative to similar term benchmark market interest rates, generally U.S. Treasury securities. Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities are pools of individual conventional mortgage loans underwritten to U.S. agency standards with similar coupon rates, tenor, and other attributes such as geographic location, loan size and origination vintage. Fair value measurements of these securities are 116 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) based on observable price adjustments relative to benchmark market interest rates taking into consideration estimated loan prepayment speeds. Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations: Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations are structured into classes or tranches with defined cash flow characteristics and are collateralized by U.S. agency-issued mortgage pass-through securities. Fair value measurements of these securities incorporate similar characteristics of mortgage pass-through securities such as coupon rate, tenor, geographic location, loan size and origination vintage, in addition to incorporating the effect of estimated prepayment speeds on the cash flow structure of the class or tranche. These measurements incorporate observable market spreads over an estimated average life after considering the inputs listed above. Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities: Fair value measurements of these securities are based on spreads to benchmark market interest rates (usually U.S. Treasury rates or rates observable in the swaps market), prepayment speeds, loan default rate assumptions and loan loss severity assumptions on underlying loans. Foreign exchange forward and option contract assets and liabilities: Fair value measurements of these assets and liabilities are priced based on spot and forward foreign currency rates and option volatility assumptions. Interest rate derivative and interest rate swap assets and liabilities: Fair value measurements of interest rate derivatives and interest rate swaps are priced considering the coupon rate of the fixed leg of the contract and the variable coupon rate on the floating leg of the contract. Valuation is based on both spot and forward rates on the swap yield curve and the credit worthiness of the contract counterparty. Other equity securities: Fair value measurements of equity securities of public companies are priced based on quoted market prices less a discount if the securities are subject to certain sales restrictions. Certain sales restriction discounts generally range from 10 percent to 20 percent depending on the duration of the sale restrictions which typically range from three to six months. Equity warrant assets (public portfolio): Fair value measurements of equity warrant assets of publicly-traded portfolio companies are valued based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model uses the price of publicly-traded companies (underlying stock price), stated strike prices, warrant expiration dates, the risk-free interest rate and market-observable option volatility assumptions. Level 3 The fair value measurement is derived from valuation techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect our own estimates of assumptions we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset. The valuation techniques are consistent with the market approach, income approach and/or the cost approach used to measure fair value. Below is a summary of the valuation techniques used for each class of Level 3 assets: Venture capital and private equity fund investments not measured at net asset value: Fair value measurements are based on consideration of a range of factors including, but not limited to, the price at which the investment was acquired, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, and as it relates to the private company, the current and projected operating performance, exit strategies and financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement include the information about each portfolio company, including actual and forecasted results, cash position, recent or planned transactions and market comparable companies. Equity warrant assets (public portfolio): Fair value measurements of equity warrant assets of publicly-traded portfolio companies are valued based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model uses the price of publicly-traded companies (underlying stock price), stated strike prices, warrant expiration dates, the risk-free interest rate and market-observable option volatility assumptions. Modeled asset values are further adjusted by applying a discount of up to 20 percent for certain warrants that have certain sales restrictions or other features that indicate a discount to fair value is warranted. Equity warrant assets (private portfolio): Fair value measurements of equity warrant assets of private portfolio companies are priced based on a Black- Scholes option pricing model to estimate the asset value by using stated strike prices, option expiration dates, risk-free interest rates and option volatility assumptions. Option volatility assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model are based on public market indices whose members operate in similar industries as companies in our private company portfolio. Option expiration dates are modified to account for estimates to actual life relative to stated expiration. Overall model asset values are further adjusted for a general lack of liquidity due to the private nature of the associated underlying company. There is a direct correlation between changes in the volatility and 117 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) remaining life assumptions in isolation and the fair value measurement while there is an inverse correlation between changes in the liquidity discount assumption and the fair value measurement. Fee-based Services Revenue Recognition Refer to Note 16—“Noninterest Income” for our fee-based services revenue recognition policies for our contracts with customers. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Our federal, state and foreign income tax provisions are based upon taxes payable for the current year, current year changes in deferred taxes related to temporary differences between the tax basis and financial statement balances of assets and liabilities, and a reserve for uncertain tax positions. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated financial statements at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. A valuation allowance is provided, when it is determined based upon available evidence, that it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. We file a consolidated federal income tax return, and consolidated, combined, or separate state income tax returns as appropriate. Our foreign incorporated subsidiaries file tax returns in the applicable foreign jurisdictions. We record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in other noninterest expense, a component of consolidated net income. Share-Based Compensation For all stock-based awards granted, stock-based compensation expense is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, including consideration of vesting conditions and anticipated forfeitures. The fair value of stock options are measured using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the fair value for restricted stock awards and restricted stock units are based on the quoted price of our common stock on the date of grant. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common stock shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common stock shares and potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of stock options, ESPP shares and restricted stock units. Common stock equivalent shares are excluded from the computation if the effect is antidilutive. Derivative Financial Instruments All derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in fair value of a derivative financial instrument depends on whether the derivative financial instrument is designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, the nature of the hedging activity. Changes in fair value are recognized through earnings for derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, or that have not been designated in a hedging relationship. Cash Flow Hedges For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and recognized in earnings as the hedged item affects earnings. Derivative amounts affecting earnings are recognized consistent with the classification of the hedged item in the line item "loans" as part of interest income, a component of consolidated net income. We assess hedge effectiveness under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"), on a quarterly basis to ensure all hedges remain highly effective to ensure hedge accounting under ASC 815 can be applied. If the hedging relationship no longer exists or no longer qualifies as a hedge per ASC 815, any amounts remaining as gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings in the line item "loans" as part of interest income, a component of consolidated net income. Equity Warrant Assets In connection with negotiated credit facilities and certain other services, we may obtain equity warrant assets giving us the right to acquire stock in primarily private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science/healthcare 118 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) industries. We hold these assets for prospective investment gains. We do not use them to hedge any economic risks nor do we use other derivative instruments to hedge economic risks stemming from equity warrant assets. We account for equity warrant assets in certain private and public client companies as derivatives when they contain net settlement terms and other qualifying criteria under ASC 815. In general, equity warrant assets entitle us to buy a specific number of shares of stock at a specific price within a specific time period. Certain equity warrant assets contain contingent provisions, which adjust the underlying number of shares or purchase price upon the occurrence of certain future events. Substantially all of our warrant agreements contain net share settlement provisions, which permit us to receive at exercise a share count equal to the intrinsic value of the warrant divided by the share price (otherwise known as a “cashless” exercise). These equity warrant assets are recorded at fair value and are classified as derivative assets, a component of other assets, on our consolidated balance sheet at the time they are obtained. The grant date fair values of equity warrant assets received in connection with the issuance of a credit facility are deemed to be loan fees and recognized as an adjustment of loan yield through loan interest income. Similar to other loan fees, the yield adjustment related to grant date fair value of warrants is recognized over the life of that credit facility. Any changes in fair value from the grant date fair value of equity warrant assets will be recognized as increases or decreases to other assets on our balance sheet and as net gains or losses on equity warrant assets, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. We value our equity warrant assets using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, which incorporates the following significant inputs: • • • • • • • An underlying asset value, which is estimated based on current information available in valuation reports, including any information regarding subsequent rounds of funding or performance of a company. Stated strike price, which can be adjusted for certain warrants upon the occurrence of subsequent funding rounds or other future events. Price volatility or risk associated with possible changes in the warrant price. The volatility assumption is based on historical price volatility of publicly traded companies within indices similar in nature to the underlying client companies issuing the warrant. The actual volatility input is based on the mean and median volatility for an individual public company within an index for the past 16 quarters, from which an average volatility was derived. Actual data on terminations and exercises of our warrants are utilized as the basis for determining the expected remaining life of the warrants in each financial reporting period. Warrants may be exercised in the event of acquisitions, mergers or IPOs, and cancelled due to events such as bankruptcies, restructuring activities or additional financings. These events cause the expected remaining life assumption to be shorter than the contractual term of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the Treasury yield curve and is calculated based on a weighted average of the risk-free interest rates that correspond closest to the expected remaining life of the warrant. Other adjustments, including a marketability discount, are estimated based on management's judgment about the general industry environment. Number of shares and contingencies associated with obtaining warrant positions such as the funding of associated loans. When a company in the portfolio completes an IPO, or is acquired, we may exercise these equity warrant assets for shares or cash. In the event of an exercise for common stock shares, the basis or value in the common stock shares is reclassified from other assets to investment securities on the balance sheet on the latter of the exercise date or corporate action date. The common stock of public companies are classified as non-marketable and other equity securities. Changes in the fair value of the common stock shares is recorded as gains or losses on investments securities, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. The common stock of private companies are classified as non-marketable and other equity securities. We account for these securities under the methodology under ASU 2016-01, other investments without a readily determinable fair value. The carrying value in the private common stock without a readily determinable fair value is based on the price at which the investment was acquired plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments and are recorded as gains or losses on investments securities, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. Foreign Exchange Forwards and Foreign Currency Option Contracts We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts with clients involved in international activities, either as the purchaser or seller, depending upon the clients' need. We also enter into an opposite- 119 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) way forward or option contract with a correspondent bank to economically hedge client contracts to mitigate the fair value risk to us from fluctuations in currency rates. Settlement, credit and operational risks remain. We also enter into forward contracts with correspondent banks to economically hedge currency exposure risk related to certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in our consolidated balance sheets. The contracts generally have terms of one year or less, although we may have contracts extending for up to five years. Generally, we have not experienced nonperformance on these contracts, have not incurred credit losses and anticipate performance by all counterparties to such agreements. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recognized in consolidated net income under other noninterest income, a component of noninterest income. Period-end gross positive fair values are recorded in other assets and gross negative fair values are recorded in other liabilities. Interest Rate Contracts We sell interest rate contracts to clients who wish to mitigate their interest rate exposure. We economically reduce the interest rate risk from this business by entering into opposite-way contracts with correspondent banks. We do not designate any of these contracts (which are derivative instruments) as qualifying for hedge accounting. Contracts in an asset position are included in other assets and contracts in a liability position are included in other liabilities. The net change in the fair value of these derivatives is recorded through other noninterest income, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. Adoption of New Accounting Standards Financial Instruments - Credit Losses In June 2016, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standard Update (ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments), which amends the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects a current expected credit loss measurement to estimate the allowance for credit losses over the contractual life of the financial assets (including loans, unfunded credit commitments and HTM securities) and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. While the CECL model does not apply to available-for-sale debt securities, ASU 2016-13 does require entities to record an allowance for credit losses when recognizing credit losses for available-for-sale securities, rather than reduce the amortized cost of the securities by direct write-offs, which allows for reversal of credit impairments in future periods based on improvements in credit. We adopted the guidance on January 1, 2020, using a modified retrospective approach. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying CECL as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings, net of tax. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We completed a comprehensive implementation process that included loss forecasting model development, evaluation of technical accounting topics, updates to our allowance for credit loss accounting policies, reporting processes and related internal controls, overall operational readiness for our adoption of CECL as well as parallel runs for CECL alongside our previous allowance process. We provided quarterly updates to senior management and to the Audit and Credit Committees of the Board of Directors throughout the implementation process. For additional details regarding our allowance for credit losses methodology, see Note 9—“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments.” Upon the adoption of the standard on January 1, 2020, and based on our loan, unfunded credit commitment, and HTM security portfolios composition at December 31, 2019, and the then current economic environment, we recorded a $48.5 million increase to the allowance for credit losses. After adjusting for deferred taxes, a $35.0 million decrease was recorded to retained earnings through a cumulative-effect adjustment. Under the prior guidance, our loan portfolio and credit quality disclosures were disaggregated based on client market segments. Upon adoption of CECL, our technology (software/internet and hardware) and life science/healthcare market segments are disclosed by disaggregated risk-based segments determined by portfolio segments that align with their respective underwriting methodology and the level at which credit risk is now monitored by management. The primary underwriting method for our technology and life science/healthcare portfolios are classified as Investor Dependent - Accelerator (Early-Stage) and Growth (Mid-Stage and Later-Stage) and Cash Flow (Sponsor Led Buyout and Other) and Balance Sheet Dependent, as noted above, and prior period amounts were reclassified for comparability. There are no other material changes to our current market segments. 120 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Summary of Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Unfunded Credit Commitments and Impaired Loans Superseded by Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Applicable to the Years Ending December 31, 2019 and 2018) Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses considers credit risk and is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense. Our allowance for loan losses is established for estimated loan losses that are probable and incurred but not yet realized. Our evaluation process is designed to determine that the allowance for loan losses is appropriate at the balance sheet date. The process of estimating loan losses is inherently imprecise. We maintain a systematic process for the evaluation of individual loans and pools of loans for inherent risk of loan losses. At the time of approval, each loan in our portfolio is assigned a Credit Risk Rating and industry niche. Credit Risk Ratings are assigned on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 representing loans with a low risk of nonpayment, 9 representing loans with the highest risk of nonpayment, and 10 representing loans which have been charged-off. The credit risk ratings for each loan are monitored and updated on an ongoing basis. This Credit Risk Rating process includes, but is not limited to, consideration of such factors as payment status, the financial condition and operating performance of the borrower, borrower compliance with loan covenants, underlying collateral values and performance trends, the degree of access to additional capital, the presence of credit enhancements such as third party guarantees (where applicable), the degree to which the borrower is sensitive to external factors, the depth and experience of the borrower's management team, potential loan concentrations, and general economic conditions. Our policies require a committee of senior management to review, at least quarterly, credit relationships with a credit risk rating of 5 through 9 that exceed specific dollar values. Our review process evaluates the appropriateness of the credit risk rating and allocation of the allowance for loan losses, as well as other account management functions. The allowance for loan losses is determined based on a qualitative analysis and a formula allocation for similar risk-rated loans categorized by portfolio segment, and individually for impaired loans. The formula allocation provides the average loan loss experience for each portfolio segment, which considers our quarterly historical loss experience since the year 2000, both by risk-rating category and client industry sector. The resulting loan loss factors for each risk-rating category and client industry sector are ultimately applied to the respective period-end client loan balances for each corresponding risk-rating category and client industry sector to provide an estimation of the allowance for loan losses. The probable loan loss experience for any one year period of time is reasonably expected to be greater or less than the average as determined by the loss factors. As such, management applies a qualitative allocation to the results of the aforementioned model to ascertain the total allowance for loan losses. This qualitative allocation is based on management's assessment of the risks that may lead to a loan loss experience that is different from our historical loan loss experience. Based on management's prediction or estimate of changing risks in the lending environment, the qualitative allocation may vary significantly from period to period and includes, but is not limited to, consideration of the following factors: • • • • • • • • • • Changes in lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collections, and charge-off and recovery practices; Changes in national and local economic business conditions, including the market and economic condition of our clients' industry sectors; Changes in the nature of our loan portfolio; Changes in experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff; Changes in the trend of the volume and severity of past due and classified loans; Changes in the trend of the volume of nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings and other loan modifications; Reserve floor for portfolio segments that would not draw a minimum reserve based on the lack of historical loan loss experience; Reserve for large funded loan exposure; Reserve for performing impaired loan exposure; and Other factors as determined by management from time to time. While the evaluation process of our allowance for loan losses uses historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the establishment of the allowance for loan losses rely, to a great extent, on the judgment and experience of our management. 121 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Allowance for Unfunded Credit Commitments We record a liability for probable and estimable incurred losses associated with our unfunded credit commitments being funded and subsequently being charged off. Each quarter, every unfunded client credit commitment is allocated to a credit risk-rating in accordance with each client's credit risk rating and portfolio segment. We use the segment specific historical loan loss factors described above under "Allowance for Loan Losses" to calculate the loan loss experience if unfunded credit commitments are funded. Separately, we use historical trends to calculate a probability of an unfunded credit commitment being funded. We apply the loan funding probability factor to risk-factor adjusted unfunded credit commitments by credit risk-rating and portfolio segment to derive the allowance for unfunded credit commitments, similar to funded loans. The allowance for unfunded credit commitments also includes certain qualitative allocations as deemed appropriate by management. We include the allowance for unfunded credit commitments in other liabilities and the related provision in our provision for credit losses. Impaired Loans A loan is considered impaired when, based upon currently known information, it is deemed probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the agreement. On a quarterly basis, we review our loan portfolio for impairment. Within each class of loans, we review individual loans for impairment based on credit risk ratings. Loans risk-rated 5 through 7 are performing loans; however, we consider them as demonstrating higher risk, which requires more frequent review of individual exposures. Such loans translate to an internal rating of "Performing (Criticized)" and could be classified as a performing impaired loan. For each loan identified as impaired, we measure the impairment based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate. In limited circumstances, we may measure impairment based on the loan's observable market price or the fair value of the collateral less selling costs if the loan is collateral dependent. Impaired collateral-dependent loans will have independent appraisals completed and accepted at least annually. The fair value of the collateral will be determined by the most recent appraisal, as adjusted to reflect a reasonable marketing period for the sale of the asset(s) and an estimate of reasonable selling expenses. If it is determined that the value of an impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, net of previous charge-offs and payments collected, we recognize impairment through the allowance for loan losses as determined by our analysis. Reclassifications Certain prior period amounts primarily related to the adoption of the ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments) ("ASU 2016-13" or "CECL") as mentioned above have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations. 3. Stockholders' Equity and EPS Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income The following table summarizes the items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income into the Consolidated Statements of Income for 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income Related tax expense (benefit) Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses on cash flow hedges included in net income Related tax expense (benefit) Total reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income, net of tax Income Statement Location 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 Gains on investment securities, net Income tax expense Net interest income Income tax expense $ $ (61,165) $ 16,953 3,905 $ (1,087) (49,928) 13,692 5,358 (1,489) (80,448) $ 6,687 $ 740 (205) — — 535 122 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The table below summarizes the activity relating to net gains and losses on our cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive income for 2020, 2019 and 2018. Refer to Note 15—“Derivative Financial Instruments” for additional information regarding the termination of our cash flow hedges during the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Over the next 12 months, we expect that approximately $63.3 million in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") at December 31, 2020, related to our cash flow hedges will be reclassified out of AOCI and recognized in net income. (Dollars in thousands) Balance, beginning of period, net of tax Net increase (decrease) in fair value, net of tax Net realized (gain) loss reclassified to net income, net of tax Balance, end of period, net of tax EPS 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ (2,130) $ 167,639 (36,236) 129,273 $ — $ (5,999) 3,869 (2,130) $ — — — — Basic EPS is the amount of earnings available to each share of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is the amount of earnings available to each share of common stock outstanding during the reporting period adjusted to include the effect of potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares include incremental shares issuable for stock option and restricted stock unit awards outstanding under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and our ESPP. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of dilutive EPS in periods in which the effect would be antidilutive. The following is a reconciliation of basic EPS to diluted EPS for 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts) Numerator: Net income available to common stockholders Denominator: Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic Weighted average effect of dilutive securities: Stock options and ESPP Restricted stock units Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted Earnings per common share: Basic Diluted 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 1,191,217 $ 1,136,856 $ 973,840 51,685 151 248 52,084 51,915 227 169 52,311 $ 23.05 $ 22.87 21.90 $ 21.73 53,078 377 317 53,772 18.35 18.11 The following table summarizes the weighted average common shares excluded from the diluted EPS calculation due to the antidilutive effect for 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Shares in thousands) Stock options Restricted stock units Total Stock Repurchase Program 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 279 10 289 167 250 417 59 85 144 On October 24, 2019, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program that enabled us to repurchase up to $350 million of our outstanding common stock. The program expired on October 29, 2020. Prior to the program's expiration and for the year ended December 31, 2020, we had repurchased 244,223 shares of our outstanding common stock for $60.0 million under the stock repurchase program. 123 Table of Contents Preferred Stock SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) On December 9, 2019, the Company issued depositary shares representing an ownership interest in 350,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock with $0.001 par value and liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, or $25 per depositary share. All preferred shares were issued in the form of depositary shares, with each depositary share representing a 1/40th ownership interest in a share of the preferred stock. The Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity and is not subject to any sinking fund or other obligation of the Company. Dividends are approved by the Board of Directors and, if declared, are payable quarterly, in arrears, at a rate per annum equal to 5.25 percent. The Series A Preferred Stock is redeemable at the Company’s option, in whole or in part, on or after February 15, 2025. Prior to February 15, 2025, the Series A Preferred Stock is redeemable at the Company’s option, in whole and not in part, following any change in laws or regulations that would not allow the Company to treat the full liquidation value of the Series A Preferred Stock as Tier 1 capital for purposes of the capital adequacy guidelines of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("the Federal Reserve"). The redemption amount is computed at the per share liquidation preference plus any declared but unpaid dividends. Redemptions are subject to certain regulatory provisions, including approval of the Federal Reserve. As of December 31, 2020, there were 350,000 shares issued and outstanding of Series A Preferred Shares, which had a carrying value of $340.1 million and liquidation preference of $350.0 million. The following table summarizes our preferred stock at December 31, 2020: Series Series A Description 5.250% Fixed-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock Amount outstanding (in millions) Carrying value (in millions) Shares issued and outstanding Par Value Ownership interest per depositary share Liquidation preference per depositary share 2020 dividends paid per depositary share $ 350 $ 340.1 350,000 $ 0.001 1/40th $ 25 $ 1.23 On February 2, 2021, the Company issued Series B Preferred Stock. Refer to Note 28—“Subsequent Events” for additional information. 4. Share-Based Compensation Share-based compensation expense was recorded net of estimated forfeitures for 2020, 2019 and 2018, such that expense was recorded only for those share-based awards that are expected to vest. In 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recorded share-based compensation and related benefits as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Share-based compensation expense Income tax benefit related to share-based compensation expense Capitalized compensation costs Equity Incentive Plan 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 83,986 $ (20,426) 1,383 66,815 $ (16,152) 1,517 45,675 (10,997) 1,466 Our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Incentive Plan”) was adopted in May 2006, and is amended from time to time. The 2006 Incentive Plan provides for the grant of various types of incentive awards, of which the following have been granted: (i) stock options; (ii) restricted stock awards; (iii) restricted stock units (subject to either time-and/or performance-based vesting); and (iv) other cash or stock settled equity awards. Eligible participants in the 2006 Incentive Plan include directors, employees and consultants. Subject to the provisions of Section 16 of the 2006 Incentive Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares that may be awarded and sold thereunder is 12,028,505. Restricted stock awards/units are counted against the available-for-issuance limits of the 2006 Incentive Plan as two shares for every one share awarded. Further, if shares acquired under any such award are forfeited, repurchased by SVB Financial, used to satisfy the tax withholding obligations related to an award or otherwise canceled and would otherwise return to the 2006 Incentive Plan, two times the number of such shares will return to the 2006 Incentive Plan and will again become available for issuance. 124 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Under the terms of the 2006 Incentive Plan and subject to certain exceptions: (i) restricted stock awards/units are subject to a minimum of at least three years of annual vesting, and (ii) performance-based restricted stock awards/units and stock options are subject to a minimum of at least one year of vesting. Generally in practice, restricted stock awards/units vest annually over four years and require continued employment or other service through the vesting period. Performance-based restricted stock awards/units granted to executives generally vest upon meeting certain performance-based objectives over a three year period and, typically the passage of time, and require continued employment or other service through the vesting period. Stock options typically vest annually over four years, from the grant date based on continued employment or other service, and expire no later than seven years after the grant date. Employee Stock Purchase Plan We maintain the 1999 ESPP under which participating employees may annually contribute up to 10 percent of their gross compensation (not to exceed $25,000) to purchase shares of our common stock at 85 percent of its fair market value at either the beginning or end of each six-month offering period, whichever price is less. To be eligible to participate in the ESPP, an employee must, among other requirements, be employed by the Company on both the date of offering and date of purchase, and be employed customarily for at least 20 hours per week and at least five months per calendar year. We issued 167,336 shares and received $30.2 million in cash under the ESPP in 2020. At December 31, 2020, a total of 1,170,472 shares of our common stock were still available for future issuance under the ESPP. Unrecognized Compensation Expense As of December 31, 2020, unrecognized share-based compensation expense was as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Stock options Restricted stock awards/units Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense Valuation Assumptions Unrecognized Expense Weighted Average Expected Recognition Period - in Years $ $ 13,854 119,764 133,618 2.42 2.59 The fair values of share-based awards for employee stock options and employee stock purchases made under our ESPP were estimated using the Black- Scholes option pricing model. The fair values of restricted stock units were based on our closing stock price on the date of grant. The following weighted average assumptions and fair values were used for our employee stock options and restricted stock units: Equity Incentive Plan Awards Weighted average expected term of options - in years Weighted average expected volatility of the Company's underlying common stock Risk-free interest rate Expected dividend yield Weighted average grant date fair value - stock options Weighted average grant date fair value - restricted stock units The following weighted average assumptions and fair values were used for our ESPP: ESPP Expected term in years Weighted average expected volatility of the Company's underlying common stock Risk-free interest rate Expected dividend yield Weighted average grant date fair value 2020 4.6 41.9 % 0.37 — 66.44 199.51 $ 2019 4.6 35.5 % 2.26 — 83.50 243.65 $ 2018 4.8 34.7 % 2.82 — 105.81 294.50 2020 2019 2018 0.5 51.9 % 1.12 — 69.54 $ 0.5 38.1 % 2.40 — 52.90 $ 0.5 32.2 % 1.79 — 62.76 $ $ The expected term is based on the implied term of the stock options using factors based on historical exercise behavior. 125 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The expected volatilities are based on a blended rate consisting of our historic volatility and our expected volatility over a five-year term which is an indicator of expected volatility and future stock price trends. For 2020, 2019 and 2018, expected volatilities for the ESPP were equal to the historical volatility for the previous six-month periods. The expected risk-free interest rates were based on the yields of U.S. Treasury securities, as reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, with maturities equal to the expected terms of the employee stock options. Share-Based Payment Award Activity The table below provides stock option information related to the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan for the year ended December 31, 2020: Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life - in Years Aggregate Intrinsic Value of In-The-Money Options Outstanding at December 31, 2019 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Outstanding at December 31, 2020 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2020 Exercisable at December 31, 2020 625,407 $ 124,091 (173,536) (15,931) (1,030) 559,001 538,524 276,191 169.33 187.59 106.42 232.60 71.11 191.29 190.30 157.07 4.01 $ 109,865,324 3.94 2.47 106,375,308 63,734,604 The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options shown in the table above represents the pre-tax intrinsic value based on our closing stock price of $387.83 as of December 31, 2020. The following table summarizes information regarding stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2020: Range of Exercise Prices $101.14 - 105.84 105.85 - 126.18 126.19 - 173.94 173.95 - 181.63 181.64 - 195.34 195.35 - 247.56 247.57 - 277.95 277.96- 306.22 306.23 - 315.88 315.89 - 324.77 Total Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life - in Years Shares Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price 87,538 42,249 47,407 64,974 116,375 15,765 112,934 68,705 790 2,264 559,001 2.31 $ 0.33 1.36 3.33 6.33 5.69 5.33 4.33 6.84 4.60 4.01 105.15 108.04 130.42 178.39 184.86 230.24 250.43 305.46 306.98 324.77 191.29 87,538 $ 42,249 46,673 45,579 — 3,777 15,367 33,875 — 1,133 276,191 105.15 108.04 129.81 178.39 — 227.23 250.43 305.46 — 324.77 157.07 We expect to satisfy the exercise of stock options by issuing shares under the 2006 Incentive Plan. All future awards of stock options and restricted stock units will be issued from the 2006 Incentive Plan. At December 31, 2020, 2,682,494 shares were available for future issuance. 126 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The table below provides information for restricted stock units under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan for the year ended December 31, 2020: Nonvested at December 31, 2019 Granted Vested Forfeited Nonvested at December 31, 2020 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value 847,972 $ 460,671 (261,302) (52,292) 995,049 236.54 199.51 209.30 225.66 227.12 The following table summarizes information regarding stock option and restricted stock unit activity during 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised Total grant date fair value of stock options vested Total intrinsic value of restricted stock vested Total grant date fair value of restricted stock vested 5. Variable Interest Entities 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 25,380 $ 5,868 55,782 47,237 23,088 $ 5,735 56,101 35,191 40,681 5,823 63,917 28,813 Our involvement with VIEs includes our investments in venture capital and private equity funds, debt funds, private and public portfolio companies and our investments in qualified affordable housing projects. The following table presents the carrying amounts and classification of significant variable interests in consolidated and unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: 127 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: Assets: Cash and cash equivalents Non-marketable and other equity securities (1) Accrued interest receivable and other assets Total assets Liabilities: Other liabilities (1) Total liabilities December 31, 2019: Assets: Cash and cash equivalents Non-marketable and other equity securities (1) Accrued interest receivable and other assets Total assets Liabilities: Other liabilities (1) Total liabilities Consolidated VIEs Unconsolidated VIEs Maximum Exposure to Loss in Unconsolidated VIEs $ $ $ $ $ $ 14,859 $ 422,049 937 437,845 $ 1,410 1,410 $ 7,629 $ 270,057 1,117 278,803 $ 2,854 2,854 $ — $ 858,617 — 858,617 $ 370,208 370,208 $ — $ 689,360 — 689,360 $ 302,031 302,031 $ — 858,617 — 858,617 — — — 689,360 — 689,360 — — (1) Included in our unconsolidated non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $616.2 million and $458.5 million, respectively, and related other liabilities consisting of unfunded commitments of $370.2 million and $302.0 million, respectively. Non-marketable and other equity securities Our non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio primarily represents investments in venture capital and private equity funds, SPD-SVB, debt funds, private and public portfolio companies, including public equity securities held as a result of equity warrant assets exercised and investments in qualified affordable housing projects. A majority of these investments are investments held by SVB Financial in third-party funds in which we do not have controlling or significant variable interests. These investments represent our unconsolidated VIEs in the table above. Our non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio also includes investments from SVB Capital. SVB Capital is the funds management business of SVB Financial Group, which focuses primarily on venture capital investments. The SVB Capital family of funds is comprised of direct venture funds that invest in companies and funds of funds that invest in other venture capital funds. We have a controlling and significant variable interest in three of these SVB Capital funds and consolidate these funds for financial reporting purposes. All investments are generally non-redeemable and distributions are expected to be received through the liquidation of the underlying investments throughout the life of the investment fund. Investments may only be sold or transferred subject to the notice and approval provisions of the underlying investment agreement. Subject to applicable regulatory requirements, including the Volcker Rule, we also make commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity funds. For additional details, see Note 21—“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments.” The Bank also has variable interests in low income housing tax credit funds, in connection with fulfilling its responsibilities under the Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA"), that are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits. These investments are typically limited partnerships in which the general partner, other than the Bank, holds the power over significant activities of the VIE; therefore, these investments are not consolidated. For additional information on our investments in qualified affordable housing projects see Note 8—“Investment Securities." As of December 31, 2020, our exposure to loss with respect to the consolidated VIEs is limited to our net assets of $436.4 million and our exposure to loss for our unconsolidated VIEs is equal to our investment in these assets of $858.6 million. 128 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) 6. Reserves on Deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Bank Stock The Bank is required to maintain reserves against customer deposits by keeping balances with the Federal Reserve. The cash balances at the Federal Reserve are classified as cash and cash equivalents. Additionally, as a member of the FHLB and FRB, we are required to hold shares of FHLB and FRB stock under the Bank's borrowing agreement. FHLB and FRB stock are recorded at cost as a component of other assets, and any cash dividends received are recorded as a component of other noninterest income. The tables below provide information on the required reserve balances at the Federal Reserve, as well as shares held at the FHLB and FRB for the years ended and as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Average required reserve balances at FRB San Francisco (Dollars in thousands) FHLB stock holdings FRB stock holdings 7. Cash and Cash Equivalents The following table details our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Cash and due from banks (1) Securities purchased under agreements to resell (2) Total cash and cash equivalents Year ended December 31, 2020 2020 2019 82,461 $ 315,784 December 31, 17,250 $ 43,982 2019 17,250 43,008 December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 17,447,916 $ 226,847 17,674,763 $ 6,492,443 289,340 6,781,783 $ $ $ $ (1) At December 31, 2020 and 2019, $13.7 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively, of our cash and due from banks was deposited at the FRB and was earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate, and interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions were $3.0 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively. (2) At December 31, 2020 and 2019, securities purchased under agreements to resell were collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. agency securities with aggregate fair values of $232 million and $295 million, respectively. None of these securities were sold or repledged as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Additional information regarding our securities purchased under agreements to resell for 2020 and 2019 are as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Average securities purchased under agreements to resell Maximum amount outstanding at any month-end during the year Year ended December 31, 2020 2019 $ 149,385 $ 450,164 166,205 613,247 129 Table of Contents 8. Investment Securities SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Our investment securities portfolio consists of (i) an available-for-sale securities portfolio and a held-to-maturity securities portfolio, both of which represent interest-earning investment securities; and (ii) a non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio, which primarily represents investments managed as part of our funds management business as well as public equity securities held as a result of equity warrant assets exercised. Available-for-Sale Securities The major components of our AFS investment securities portfolio at 2020 and 2019 are as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Available-for-sale securities, at fair value: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities (Dollars in thousands) Available-for-sale securities, at fair value: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities December 31, 2020 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Carrying Value 4,197,858 $ 233,727 24,491 13,271,482 8,076,832 4,440,506 30,244,896 $ 271,977 $ 4,165 1 232,850 40,010 133,527 682,530 $ (107) $ (585) — 4,469,728 237,307 24,492 (651) (10,278) (3,367) (14,988) $ 13,503,681 8,106,564 4,570,666 30,912,438 December 31, 2019 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Carrying Value 6,815,874 $ 100,000 9,037 4,109,372 1,520,414 1,339,651 13,894,348 $ 82,267 $ — 1 39,438 17,929 1,078 140,713 $ (4,131) $ (453) — 6,894,010 99,547 9,038 (19) — (15,539) (20,142) $ 4,148,791 1,538,343 1,325,190 14,014,919 $ $ $ $ The following table summarizes sale activity of available-for-sale securities as recorded in the line item “Gains on investment securities, net," a component of noninterest income: (Dollars in thousands) Sales proceeds Net realized gains and losses: Gross realized gains Gross realized losses Net realized losses 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 2,654,212 $ 2,189,087 $ 474,482 61,165 — 61,165 $ 1,250 (5,155) (3,905) $ 127 (867) (740) $ $ 130 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following tables summarize our AFS securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded and summarized into categories of less than 12 months, or 12 months or longer as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Available-for-sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities (1) Less than 12 months December 31, 2020 12 months or longer (1) Total Fair Value of Investments Unrealized Losses Fair Value of Investments Unrealized Losses Fair Value of Investments Unrealized Losses $ 59,929 $ 133,143 (107) $ (585) 903,767 (651) 2,199,207 989,389 4,285,435 $ (10,278) (3,367) (14,988) $ $ — — — — — — $ $ — — — — — — $ 59,929 $ 133,143 903,767 (107) (585) (651) 2,199,207 989,389 4,285,435 $ (10,278) (3,367) (14,988) $ (1) As of December 31, 2020, we identified a total of 93 investments that were in unrealized loss positions with no investments in unrealized loss positions for a period of time greater than 12 months. Based on our analysis of the securities in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2020, the decline in value is unrelated to credit loss and is related to changes in market interest rates since purchase and therefore changes in value for securities are included in other comprehensive income. Market valuations and credit loss analyses on assets in the AFS securities portfolio are reviewed and monitored on a quarterly basis. As of December 31, 2020, we do not intend to sell any of our securities in an unrealized loss position prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis, and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell any of our securities prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis. None of the investments in our AFS securities portfolio were past due as of December 31, 2020. (Dollars in thousands) Available-for-sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities (1) $ $ Less than 12 months December 31, 2019 12 months or longer (1) Total Fair Value of Investments Unrealized Losses Fair Value of Investments Unrealized Losses Fair Value of Investments Unrealized Losses 971,572 $ 99,547 (3,996) $ (453) 449,850 $ — (135) $ — 1,421,422 $ 99,547 (4,131) (453) 4,014 1,027,232 2,102,365 $ (19) (15,539) (20,007) $ — — 449,850 $ — — (135) $ 4,014 1,027,232 2,552,215 $ (19) (15,539) (20,142) (1) As of December 31, 2019, we identified a total of 58 investments that were in unrealized loss positions, of which 12 investments totaling $0.4 billion with unrealized losses of $0.1 million have been in an unrealized loss position for a period of time greater than 12 months. The following table summarizes the fixed income securities, carried at fair value, classified as AFS as of December 31, 2020 by the remaining contractual principal maturities. For U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. agency debentures and foreign government debt securities, the expected maturity is the actual contractual maturity of the notes. Expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities may differ significantly from their contractual maturities because mortgage borrowers have the right to prepay outstanding loan obligations with or without penalties. Mortgage-backed securities classified as AFS typically have original contractual maturities from 10 to 30 years whereas expected average lives of these securities tend to be significantly shorter and vary based upon structure and prepayments in lower interest rate environments. 131 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued collateralized mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency -issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total Held-to-Maturity Securities Total 4,469,728 $ 237,307 24,492 13,503,681 8,106,564 4,570,666 30,912,438 $ $ $ December 31, 2020 After One Year to Five Years After Five Years to Ten Years One Year or Less After Ten Years 10,092 $ — 24,492 — — — 34,584 $ 3,532,784 $ — — — — — 3,532,784 $ 926,852 $ 237,307 — — — — — — 1,502,572 2,666,731 $ 13,503,681 8,106,564 3,068,094 24,678,339 The components of our HTM investment securities portfolio at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Allowance for Credit Losses (2) December 31, 2020 $ 402,265 $ 18,961 $ — $ 421,226 $ (Dollars in thousands) Held-to-maturity securities, at cost: U.S. agency debentures (1) Residential mortgage-backed securities: — — — — — 392 392 Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Municipal bonds and notes Total held-to-maturity securities 7,739,763 1,735,451 136,913 2,942,959 3,635,194 16,592,545 $ $ 240,121 23,227 317 123,846 220,866 627,338 $ (2,211) (296) — — (505) (3,012) $ 7,977,673 1,758,382 137,230 3,066,805 3,855,555 17,216,871 $ (1) Consists of pools of Small Business Investment Company debentures issued and guaranteed by the U.S. Small Business Administration, an independent agency of the United States. (2) Refer to Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for more information on our credit loss methodology. (Dollars in thousands) Held-to-maturity securities, at cost: U.S. agency debentures (1) Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Municipal bonds and notes Total held-to-maturity securities December 31, 2019 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value $ 518,728 $ 6,640 $ (668) $ 524,700 6,992,009 1,608,032 178,611 2,759,615 1,785,951 13,842,946 $ $ 142,209 592 94 56,914 83,314 289,763 $ (2,066) (8,502) (259) (4,508) (1,434) (17,437) $ 7,132,152 1,600,122 178,446 2,812,021 1,867,831 14,115,272 (1) Consists of pools of Small Business Investment Company debentures issued and guaranteed by the U.S. Small Business Administration, an independent agency of the United States. Allowance for Credit Losses for HTM Securities The following table summarizes the activity relating to our allowance for credit losses for HTM securities for 2020: 132 Table of Contents Year ended December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) Municipal bonds and notes Total allowance for credit losses Credit Quality Indicators SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Beginning Balance December 31, 2019 Day One Impact of Adopting ASC 326 Provision for HTM Securities Ending Balance December 31, 2020 $ $ — — $ $ 174 $ 174 $ 218 $ 218 $ 392 392 On a quarterly basis, management monitors the credit quality for HTM securities through the use of standard credit ratings. The following table summarizes our amortized cost of HTM securities aggregated by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) Municipal bonds and notes: Aaa Aa1 Aa2 Total December 31, 2020 $ $ 2,070,311 1,144,500 420,383 3,635,194 133 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes the remaining contractual principal maturities on fixed income investment securities classified as HTM as of December 31, 2020. For U.S. agency debentures, the expected maturity is the actual contractual maturity of the notes. Expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities may differ significantly from their contractual maturities because mortgage borrowers have the right to prepay outstanding loan obligations with or without penalties. Mortgage-backed securities classified as HTM typically have original contractual maturities from 10 to 30 years whereas expected average lives of these securities tend to be significantly shorter and vary based upon structure and prepayments in lower interest rate environments. (Dollars in thousands) U.S. agency debentures Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - fixed rate Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - variable rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Municipal bonds and notes Total Total Amortized Cost 402,265 $ $ Fair Value 421,226 $ Amortized Cost 4,675 $ One Year or Less December 31, 2020 After One Year to Five Years After Five Years to Ten Years After Ten Years Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value 4,705 $ 148,478 $ 153,756 $ 249,112 $ 262,765 $ — $ — 7,739,763 7,977,673 4,762 4,951 20,389 21,150 540,731 559,727 7,173,881 7,391,845 1,735,451 1,758,382 136,913 137,230 — — — — 5,952 6,073 494,532 505,156 1,234,967 1,247,153 — — — — 136,913 137,230 2,942,959 3,635,194 2,946,883 2,936,420 $ 16,592,545 $ 17,216,871 $ 55,729 $ 56,297 $ 319,166 $ 331,919 $ 2,056,015 $ 2,169,124 $ 14,161,635 $ 14,659,531 2,840,600 2,775,274 3,066,805 3,855,555 119,922 721,554 — 150,940 — 144,347 102,359 669,281 — 46,292 — 46,641 134 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Non-marketable and Other Equity Securities The major components of our non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Non-marketable and other equity securities: Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting): Consolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments (1) Unconsolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments (2) Other investments without a readily determinable fair value (3) Other equity securities in public companies (fair value accounting) (4) Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting) (5): Venture capital and private equity fund investments Debt funds Other investments Investments in qualified affordable housing projects, net (6) December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 $ 88,937 $ 184,886 60,975 280,804 362,192 5,444 202,809 616,188 1,802,235 $ 87,180 178,217 55,255 59,200 215,367 7,271 152,863 458,476 1,213,829 Total non-marketable and other equity securities $ (1) The following table shows the amounts of venture capital and private equity fund investments held by the following consolidated funds and our ownership percentage of each fund at December 31, 2020 and 2019 (fair value accounting): (Dollars in thousands) Strategic Investors Fund, LP Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP Growth Partners, LP CP I, LP Total consolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % $ $ 4,850 49,574 34,513 — 88,937 12.6 % $ 20.0 33.0 — $ 5,729 45,341 35,976 134 87,180 12.6 % 20.0 33.0 10.7 (2) (3) The carrying value represents investments in 162 and 205 funds (primarily venture capital funds) at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, where our ownership interest is typically less than 5% of the voting interests of each such fund and in which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the partnerships operating activities and financial policies. We carry our unconsolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments at fair value based on the fund investments' net asset values per share as obtained from the general partners of the investments. For each fund investment, we adjust the net asset value per share for differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment’s net asset value by using the most recently available financial information from the investee general partner, for example September 30 for our December 31 consolidated financial statements, adjusted for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment, and significant fund transactions or market events during the reporting period. th st These investments include direct equity investments in private companies. The carrying value is based on the price at which the investment was acquired plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments. We consider a range of factors when adjusting the fair value of these investments, including, but not limited to, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, exit strategies, financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment and a discount for certain investments that have lock-up restrictions or other features that indicate a discount to fair value is warranted. The following table shows the carrying amount of other investments without a readily determinable fair value at December 31, 2020, and the amounts recognized in earnings for the year ended December 31, 2020 and on a cumulative basis: 135 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) Measurement alternative: Carrying value at December 31, 2020 Carrying value adjustments: Impairment Upward changes for observable prices Downward changes for observable prices Year ended December 31, 2020 Cumulative Adjustments $ $ 60,975 (487) $ 3,479 (2,799) (947) 4,216 (3,898) (4) (5) Investments classified as other equity securities (fair value accounting) represent shares held in public companies as a result of exercising public equity warrant assets, direct equity investments in public companies held by our consolidated funds, and exchange traded funds held by SVB Leerink. Changes in equity securities measured at fair value are recognized through net income. The following table shows the carrying value and our ownership percentage of each investment at December 31, 2020 and 2019 (equity method accounting): (Dollars in thousands) Venture capital and private equity fund investments: Strategic Investors Fund II, LP Strategic Investors Fund III, LP Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP Strategic Investors Fund V funds CP II, LP (i) Other venture capital and private equity fund investments Total venture capital and private equity fund investments Debt funds: Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP (ii) Other debt funds Total debt funds Other investments: SPD Silicon Valley Bank Co., Ltd. Other investments Total other investments December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership % $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,705 16,110 25,169 67,052 7,887 242,269 362,192 3,941 1,503 5,444 115,232 87,577 202,809 8.6 % $ 5.9 5.0 Various 5.1 Various $ 15.5 % $ Various $ 50.0 % $ Various $ 3,612 15,668 27,064 46,830 5,907 116,286 215,367 5,525 1,746 7,271 74,190 78,673 152,863 8.6 % 5.9 5.0 Various 5.1 Various 15.5 % Various 50.0 % Various (i) (ii) Our ownership includes direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent through our investments in Strategic Investors Fund II, LP. Our ownership includes direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent. (6) The following table presents the balances of our investments in qualified affordable housing projects and related unfunded commitments included as a component of "other liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Investments in qualified affordable housing projects, net Other liabilities December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 $ 616,188 $ 370,208 458,476 302,031 136 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table presents other information relating to our investments in qualified affordable housing projects for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Tax credits and other tax benefits recognized Amortization expense included in provision for income taxes (i) 2020 $ Year ended December 31, 2019 56,969 $ 43,875 35,037 $ 28,267 2018 24,047 18,876 (i) All investments are amortized using the proportional amortization method and amortization expense is included in the provision for income taxes. The following table presents the net gains and losses on non-marketable and other equity securities in 2020, 2019 and 2018 as recorded in the line item “Gains on investment securities, net," a component of noninterest income: (Dollars in thousands) Net gains (losses) on non-marketable and other equity securities: Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting): Consolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments Unconsolidated venture capital and private equity fund investments Other investments without a readily determinable fair value Other equity securities in public companies (fair value accounting) Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments Debt funds Other investments Total net gains on non-marketable and other equity securities Less: realized net gains (losses) on sales of non-marketable and other equity securities Net gains on non-marketable and other equity securities still held 9. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ $ 32,439 $ 59,909 253 104,865 161,828 (403) 696 359,587 $ 23,344 336,243 $ 22,507 $ 31,482 2,742 7,772 73,813 1,647 (1,388) 138,575 $ 4,744 133,831 $ 20,999 39,075 3,206 (25,483) 49,341 541 1,155 88,834 (26,097) 114,931 We serve a variety of commercial clients in the technology, life science/healthcare, private equity/venture capital and premium wine industries. Our technology clients generally tend to be in the industries of hardware (such as semiconductors, communications, data, storage and electronics), software/internet (such as infrastructure software, applications, software services, digital content and advertising technology) and energy and resource innovation ("ERI"). Our life science/healthcare clients primarily tend to be in the industries of biotechnology, medical devices, healthcare information technology and healthcare services. Loans to our technology, life science/healthcare and ERI clients are reported under the Investor Dependent, Cash Flow Dependent and Balance Sheet Dependent risk-based segments below. Loans made to private equity/venture capital firm clients typically enable them to fund investments prior to their receipt of funds from capital calls and are reported under the Global Fund Banking (previously Private Equity/Venture Capital) portfolio segment below. Loans to the premium wine industry focus on vineyards and wineries that produce grapes and wines of high quality. In addition to commercial loans, we make consumer loans through SVB Private Bank and provide real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP. We also provide community development loans made as part of our responsibilities under the CRA. These loans are included within “construction loans” below and are primarily secured by real estate. Additionally, beginning in April 2020, we accepted applications under the PPP administered by the SBA under the CARES Act and originated loans to qualified small businesses. Disbursement of PPP funds under the CARES Act expired on August 8, 2020, however, on December 27, 2020, the Economic Aid Act was enacted, and allows borrowers to apply for PPP loans up to March 31, 2021, as well as allowing for certain PPP borrowers to apply for second draw loans. CECL Adoption On January 1, 2020, we adopted the new credit loss guidance, CECL, and all related amendments. Our loan portfolio was pooled into six portfolio segments that share similar risk characteristics and represent the level at which we developed our 137 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) systematic methodology to determine our allowance for credit losses. Further, our portfolio segments were disaggregated and grouped into ten classes of financing receivable that represent the level at which we monitor and assess credit risk, which we refer to as "risk-based segments". As such, our funded loans and credit quality disclosures below are primarily presented at the risk-based segment level of disaggregation. As of December 31, 2020, we have six portfolio segments and eleven risk-based segments reflective of the funding of SBA loans under the PPP. The comparative information below has been reclassified to conform to current period presentations. However, the financial results continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. Certain prior period credit quality disclosures related to impaired loans and our individually and collectively evaluated loan portfolio have been superseded with the new CECL guidance but are included below for reference purposes. The superseded tables provided below are not comparative to our credit quality disclosures under the new credit loss guidance for 2020. The composition of loans at amortized cost basis broken out by risk-based segment at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, is presented in the following table: (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank (1) (5) Balance sheet dependent Premium wine (1) (5) Other (1) (5) SBA loans Total loans (2) (3) (4) Allowance for credit losses Net loans December 31, 2020 2019 $ 25,543,198 $ 17,696,794 1,485,866 1,564,870 1,921,082 4,971,818 1,989,173 2,945,360 4,934,533 4,901,056 2,191,023 1,052,643 27,687 1,559,530 45,181,488 $ (447,765) 44,733,723 $ 1,624,221 1,047,398 1,663,576 4,335,195 2,185,497 2,238,741 4,424,238 3,492,269 1,286,153 1,062,264 867,723 — 33,164,636 (304,924) 32,859,712 $ $ (1) As of December 31, 2020, as a result of enhanced portfolio characteristic definitions for our risk-based segments, loans in the amount of $427 million and $53 million that would have been reported in Other under historical definitions, are now being reported in our Private Bank and Premium Wine risk-based segments, respectively. Total loans at amortized cost is net of unearned income of $226 million and $163 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Included within our total loan portfolio are credit card loans of $400 million and $395 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Included within our total loan portfolio are construction loans of $118 million and $183 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. (2) (3) (4) (5) Of our total loans, the table below includes those secured by real estate at amortized cost at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and were comprised of the following: 138 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) Real estate secured loans: Private bank: Loans for personal residence Loans to eligible employees Home equity lines of credit Other Total private bank loans secured by real estate Premium wine Other Total real estate secured loans Credit Quality Indicators December 31, 2020 2019 $ $ $ 3,392,237 $ 481,098 42,449 142,895 4,058,679 $ 824,008 56,882 4,939,569 $ 2,829,880 401,396 55,461 38,880 3,325,617 820,730 — 4,146,347 For each individual client, we establish an internal credit risk rating for that loan, which is used for assessing and monitoring credit risk as well as performance of the loan and the overall portfolio. Our internal credit risk ratings are also used to summarize the risk of loss due to failure by an individual borrower to repay the loan. For our internal credit risk ratings, each individual loan is given a risk rating of 1 through 10. Loans risk-rated 1 through 4 are performing loans and translate to an internal rating of “Pass,” with loans risk-rated 1 being cash secured. Loans risk-rated 5 through 7 are performing loans; however, we consider them as demonstrating higher risk, which requires more frequent review of the individual exposures; these translate to an internal rating of “Criticized.” All of our nonaccrual loans are risk-rated 8 or 9 and are classified under the nonperforming category. Loans rated 10 are charged-off and are not included as part of our loan portfolio balance. We review our credit quality indicators on a quarterly basis for performance and appropriateness of risk ratings as part of our evaluation process for our allowance for credit losses for loans. 139 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators, broken out by risk-based segment, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020 Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total loans (1) December 31, 2019 Global fund banking Investor dependent Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other Total loans (1) Pass Criticized Nonperforming (Nonaccrual) Total $ 25,537,354 $ 5,833 $ 11 $ 25,543,198 1,288,897 1,420,788 1,744,662 4,454,347 1,795,972 2,677,371 4,473,343 4,862,176 2,104,645 910,397 27,594 1,455,990 43,825,846 $ 178,629 140,026 147,763 466,418 153,205 261,985 415,190 32,728 86,378 141,248 63 103,540 1,251,398 $ 18,340 4,056 28,657 51,053 39,996 6,004 46,000 6,152 — 998 30 — 104,244 $ 1,485,866 1,564,870 1,921,082 4,971,818 1,989,173 2,945,360 4,934,533 4,901,056 2,191,023 1,052,643 27,687 1,559,530 45,181,488 17,708,550 $ 4,247 $ — $ 17,712,797 1,436,022 924,002 1,490,561 3,850,585 2,039,847 2,141,766 4,181,613 3,472,138 1,231,961 1,026,973 890,059 32,361,879 $ 206,310 125,451 201,819 533,580 118,588 93,400 211,988 11,601 65,343 36,335 62 863,156 $ 11,093 17,330 6,296 34,719 44,585 17,681 62,266 5,480 — 204 — 102,669 $ 1,653,425 1,066,783 1,698,676 4,418,884 2,203,020 2,252,847 4,455,867 3,489,219 1,297,304 1,063,512 890,121 33,327,704 $ $ $ (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis in accordance with the previous methodology. 140 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators, broken out by risk-based segments and vintage year, as of December 31, 2020: Term Loans by Origination Year 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total early stage Mid stage: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total mid stage Later stage: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total sponsor led buyout Other Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total other Total cash flow dependent Private bank: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total private bank Balance sheet dependent: $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 439,494 $ — 3 439,497 $ 48,297 $ — 8 48,305 $ 68,491 $ — — 68,491 $ 22,878 $ — — 22,878 $ 2,389 $ — — 2,389 $ 5,999 $ — — 5,999 $ 24,947,428 $ 410 — 24,947,838 $ 667,006 $ 370,189 $ 120,920 $ 46,889 2,438 716,333 $ 72,495 9,354 452,038 $ 26,170 5,368 152,458 $ 32,163 $ 10,204 441 42,808 $ 1,234 $ 3,557 — 4,791 $ 405 $ 334 — 739 $ 96,363 $ 18,980 739 116,082 $ 840,431 $ 301,905 $ 145,588 $ 22,834 $ 43,288 10 883,729 $ 48,294 614 350,813 $ 26,023 218 171,829 $ 8,242 2,539 33,615 $ 5,086 $ — — 5,086 $ 1,026 $ 4,998 675 6,699 $ 101,423 $ 9,181 — 110,604 $ 905,468 $ 393,584 $ 170,128 $ 37,967 $ 22,286 16,691 944,445 $ 2,544,507 $ 55,254 1,797 450,635 $ 1,253,486 $ 30,252 3,522 203,902 $ 528,189 $ 1,142 — 39,109 $ 115,532 $ 11 $ — — 11 $ 9,888 $ 8,087 $ 1,547 — 9,634 $ 17,072 $ 224,432 $ 37,282 6,647 268,361 $ 495,047 $ 791,480 $ 500 33 792,013 $ 451,561 $ 273,719 $ 166,820 $ 70,324 11,869 39,020 16,068 533,754 $ 328,807 $ 21,607 7,177 195,604 $ 36,900 $ 13,003 — 49,903 $ — $ — — — $ 75,492 $ 8,751 4,849 89,092 $ 879,542 $ 513,242 $ 179,169 $ 19,246 — 898,788 $ 1,690,801 $ 67,854 — 581,096 $ 1,114,850 $ 33,779 4,552 217,500 $ 546,307 $ 133,235 $ 4,477 — 137,712 $ 333,316 $ 38,808 $ — — 38,808 $ 88,711 $ 101 $ — — 101 $ 101 $ 933,274 $ 136,629 1,452 1,071,355 $ 1,160,447 $ 1,878,184 $ 3,480 — 1,152,903 $ 9,985 563 $ 1,881,664 $ 1,163,451 $ 394,351 $ 4,486 3,197 402,034 $ 352,857 $ 1,202 — 354,059 $ 294,870 $ 405,909 $ 5,101 — 7,725 1,679 299,971 $ 415,313 $ 382,442 $ 749 713 383,904 $ 141 Total 25,537,354 5,833 11 25,543,198 1,288,897 178,629 18,340 1,485,866 1,420,788 140,026 4,056 1,564,870 1,744,662 147,763 28,657 1,921,082 4,971,818 1,795,972 153,205 39,996 1,989,173 2,677,371 261,985 6,004 2,945,360 4,934,533 4,862,176 32,728 6,152 4,901,056 2,378 5,423 — 7,801 617 — — 617 2,495 — — 2,495 4,985 — — 4,985 8,097 — — — — — — — — — 660 — — 660 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Table of Contents Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total balance sheet dependent Premium wine: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total Premium wine Other: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total other SBA loans: Risk rating: Pass Criticized Nonperforming Total SBA loans Total loans $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) 837,613 $ 55,887 — 893,500 $ 190,140 $ 3,733 — 193,873 $ 198,532 $ 171 — 198,703 $ 19,213 $ — — 19,213 $ — $ — — — $ — $ — — — $ 857,642 $ 26,587 — 884,229 $ 1,505 $ — — 1,505 $ 2,104,645 86,378 — 2,191,023 126,476 $ 193,744 $ 17,882 — 144,358 $ 24,286 — 218,030 $ 70,783 $ 35,737 — 106,520 $ 79,088 $ 10,300 — 89,388 $ 114,812 $ 153,841 $ 13,559 998 5,766 — 129,369 $ 159,607 $ 135,461 $ 33,718 — 169,179 $ 36,192 $ — — 36,192 $ 910,397 141,248 998 1,052,643 — $ 3 — 3 $ 16,251 $ — 30 16,281 $ 10,910 $ — — 10,910 $ — $ — — — $ — $ — — — $ 433 $ — — 433 $ — $ 60 — 60 $ — $ — — — $ 27,594 63 30 27,687 1,455,990 $ 103,540 — 1,559,530 $ 9,153,860 $ — $ — — — $ 4,008,276 $ — $ — — — $ 1,861,154 $ — $ — — — $ 934,386 $ — $ — — — $ — $ — — — $ 530,328 $ 598,525 $ — $ — — — $ 28,040,704 $ — $ — — — $ 54,255 $ 1,455,990 103,540 — 1,559,530 45,181,488 Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans For the year ending December 31, 2020, the ACL for all segments was impacted primarily by the unemployment rate forecast assumptions, macroeconomic conditions and the forecast volatility related to the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to the above drivers, the change in the ACL for the global fund banking and private bank portfolio segments was driven by substantial loan growth and the GDP growth rate forecast assumptions. The economic forecast in Moody’s Analytics December 2020 forecast was utilized in our quantitative model for the ACL as of December 31, 2020. We determined the forecast to be a reasonable view of the outlook for the economy given the available information as of December 31, 2020. To the extent we identified credit risk considerations that were not captured by the Moody's Analytics December 2020 forecast, we addressed the risk through management's qualitative adjustments to our ACL. The following tables summarize the activity relating to our allowance for credit losses for loans for 2020, 2019 and 2018 broken out by portfolio segment: Year ended December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Growth stage Total investor dependent Cash flow and balance sheet dependent Private bank Premium wine and other SBA loans Total allowance for credit losses $ $ Beginning Balance December 31, 2019 107,285 $ Impact of adopting ASC 326 (69,888) $ Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reduction of) Loans Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments — $ — $ 8,367 $ (180) Ending Balance December 31, 2020 45,584 $ 26,245 56,125 82,370 80,820 21,551 12,898 — 304,924 $ 39,911 31,713 71,624 (1,269) 12,615 12,382 — 25,464 $ (35,305) (53,338) (88,643) (11,187) (1,616) (1,458) — (102,904) $ 10,821 14,042 24,863 2,846 30 1,279 — 29,018 $ 45,825 79,145 124,970 53,369 21,329 (20,719) 1,910 189,226 $ (823) (1,004) (1,827) (330) (280) 4,654 — 2,037 $ 86,674 126,683 213,357 124,249 53,629 9,036 1,910 447,765 142 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Year ended December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Growth stage Total investor dependent Cash flow and balance sheet dependent Private Bank Premium wine and other Total allowance for credit losses $ Year ended December 31, 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Growth stage Total investor dependent Cash flow and balance sheet dependent Private Bank Premium wine and other Total allowance for credit losses Beginning Balance December 31, 2018 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Reduction of) Loans Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments $ 93,781 $ (2,047) $ 2,047 $ 13,534 $ 25,885 46,216 72,101 87,735 20,583 6,703 280,903 $ (31,568) (53,255) (84,823) (3,118) (1,031) (1,584) (92,603) $ 9,088 4,945 14,033 4,683 255 20 21,038 $ 22,462 58,337 80,799 (9,093) 1,865 7,078 94,183 $ Ending Balance December 31, 2019 107,285 $ 26,245 56,125 82,370 80,820 21,551 12,898 304,924 $ (30) 378 (118) 260 613 (121) 681 1,403 Beginning Balance December 31, 2017 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for Loans Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments $ 82,468 $ (112) $ — $ 11,698 $ (273) $ Ending Balance December 31, 2018 93,781 22,742 38,280 61,022 87,620 16,441 7,473 255,024 $ (32,495) (16,727) (49,222) (16,223) (289) (2,071) (67,917) $ 6,154 2,873 9,027 2,064 486 59 11,636 $ 29,788 22,332 52,120 15,304 3,986 1,184 84,292 $ (304) (542) (846) (1,030) (41) 58 (2,132) $ 25,885 46,216 72,101 87,735 20,583 6,703 280,903 $ 143 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes the aging of our loans broken out by risk-based segments as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total loans (1) December 31, 2019: Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other Total loans (1) 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Equal to or Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Past Due 90 Days or More Still Accruing Interest $ 27,606 $ 8 $ 11 $ 27,625 $ 25,515,573 $ 25,543,198 $ 6,320 5,984 5,363 17,667 34 6,510 6,544 4,292 987 3,168 3 — 60,267 $ 1,840 238 — 2,078 — 58 58 3,990 1,089 — 28 — 7,251 $ 202 907 — 1,109 — — — — — 998 82 — 2,200 $ 8,362 7,129 5,363 20,854 34 6,568 6,602 8,282 2,076 4,166 113 — 69,718 $ 1,477,504 1,557,741 1,915,719 4,950,964 1,485,866 1,564,870 1,921,082 4,971,818 1,989,139 2,938,792 4,927,931 4,892,774 2,188,947 1,048,477 27,574 1,559,530 45,111,770 $ 1,989,173 2,945,360 4,934,533 4,901,056 2,191,023 1,052,643 27,687 1,559,530 45,181,488 $ $ $ $ 97,739 $ 383 $ 3,150 $ 101,272 $ 17,611,525 $ 17,712,797 $ 3,150 1,307 10,025 8,113 19,445 — 2,426 2,426 6,582 2,731 8,435 17 137,375 $ 22,062 6,999 500 29,561 — 3,061 3,061 2,049 — 3,170 — 38,224 $ 723 — 10,569 11,292 — 2 2 1,544 — — — 15,988 $ 24,092 17,024 19,182 60,298 — 5,489 5,489 10,175 2,731 11,605 17 191,587 $ 1,629,333 1,049,759 1,679,494 4,358,586 1,653,425 1,066,783 1,698,676 4,418,884 2,203,020 2,247,358 4,450,378 3,479,044 1,294,573 1,051,907 890,104 33,136,117 $ 2,203,020 2,252,847 4,455,867 3,489,219 1,297,304 1,063,512 890,121 33,327,704 $ — — — — — — — 365 — — — 3,515 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis in accordance with the previous methodology. 144 Table of Contents Nonaccrual Loans SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes our nonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit loss at December 31, 2020 and 2019: December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Global fund banking Investor dependent: Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent: Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total nonaccrual loans (1) Nonaccrual Loans $ 11 $ 18,340 4,056 28,657 51,053 39,996 6,004 46,000 6,152 — 998 30 — 104,244 $ $ Nonaccrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual Loans Nonaccrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Loss 11 $ — $ 3 3,159 118 3,280 — 1,138 1,138 2,393 — 998 30 — 7,850 $ 11,093 17,330 6,296 34,719 44,585 17,681 62,266 5,480 — 204 — — 102,669 $ — 460 274 — 734 — 2,782 2,782 3,714 — — — — 7,230 (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis in accordance with the previous methodology. Troubled Debt Restructurings As of December 31, 2020, we had 17 TDRs with a total carrying value of $61.1 million where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties, in an attempt to maximize collection. There were no unfunded commitments available for funding to the clients associated with these TDRs as of December 31, 2020. 145 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes our loans modified in TDRs, broken out by risk-based segment, at December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Loans modified in TDRs: Global fund banking Investor dependent Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 $ — $ 6,705 4,050 24,896 35,651 21,529 1,237 22,766 — — 2,661 — — 61,078 $ — 9,471 5,189 23,318 37,978 55,443 — 55,443 2,104 — 13,457 — — 108,982 Total loans modified in TDRs (1) $ (1) As of December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis in accordance with the previous methodology. The following table summarizes the recorded investment in loans modified in TDRs, broken out by risk-based segment, for modifications made during 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Loans modified in TDRs during the period: Global fund banking Investor dependent Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total loans modified in TDRs during the period (1) (2) 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ — $ — $ 6,112 897 24,896 31,905 21,529 1,237 22,766 — — 998 — — 55,669 $ 9,471 3,445 16,293 29,209 48,153 — 48,153 1,792 — 11,017 — — 90,171 $ $ 146 — 660 6,657 21,051 28,368 — 12,386 12,386 320 — — — — 41,074 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (1) (2) For the year ended December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis in accordance with the previous methodology. There were $31.1 million, $11.3 million and $4.6 million of partial charge-offs during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During 2020, $54.8 million of new TDRs were modified through payment deferrals granted to our clients and $0.9 million were modified through partial forgiveness of principal. During 2019, $86.9 million of new TDRs were modified through payment deferrals granted to our clients and $3.3 million were modified through partial forgiveness of principal. During 2018, all new TDRs of $41.1 million were modified through payment deferrals granted to our clients. The following table summarizes the recorded investment in loans modified in TDRs within the previous 12 months that subsequently defaulted during 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) TDRs modified within the previous 12 months that defaulted during the period: Global fund banking Investor dependent 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 $ — $ — $ Early stage Mid stage Later stage Total investor dependent Cash flow dependent Sponsor led buyout Other Total cash flow dependent Private bank Balance sheet dependent Premium wine Other SBA loans Total TDRs modified within the previous 12 months that defaulted in the period (1) $ — — — — — 487 487 — — 998 — — 1,485 $ — — 10,639 10,639 37,294 — 37,294 — — — — — 47,933 $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — (1) For the year ended December 31, 2020, loan amounts are disclosed using the amortized cost basis as a result of the adoption of CECL. Prior period loan amounts are disclosed using the gross basis in accordance with the previous methodology. Charge-offs and defaults on previously restructured loans are evaluated to determine the impact to the allowance for credit losses for loans, if any. The evaluation of these defaults may impact the assumptions used in calculating the reserve on other TDRs and nonaccrual loans as well as management’s overall outlook of macroeconomic factors that affect the reserve on the loan portfolio as a whole. After evaluating the charge-offs and defaults experienced on our TDRs we determined that no change to our reserving methodology for TDRs was necessary to determine the allowance for credit losses for loans as of December 31, 2020. Allowance for Credit Losses: Unfunded Credit Commitments We maintain a separate allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments that is determined using a methodology that is inherently similar to the methodology used for calculating the allowance for credit losses for loans. At December 31, 2020, our ACL estimates utilized the improved Moody's economic forecasts from December 2020 as mentioned above. 147 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes the activity relating to our allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments for 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses: unfunded credit commitments, beginning balance Impact of adopting ASC 326 Provision for unfunded credit commitments Foreign currency translation adjustments Allowance for credit losses: unfunded credit commitments, ending balance (1) 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 67,656 $ 22,826 30,066 248 120,796 $ 55,183 $ — 12,233 240 67,656 $ 51,770 — 3,578 (165) 55,183 (1) The “allowance for credit losses: unfunded credit commitments” is included as a component of “other liabilities” on our consolidated balance sheets. See Note 21—“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments” for additional disclosures related to our commitments to extend credit. Credit Quality Disclosures Superseded by Recently Adopted Accounting Standards The following table summarizes our impaired loans as they relate to our allowance for loan losses, broken out by our previous portfolio segments and classes of financing receivable for the year ended December 31, 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2019: Commercial loans: Software/internet Hardware Private equity/venture capital Life science/healthcare Premium wine Other Total commercial loans Consumer loans: Real estate secured loans Total consumer loans Total Impaired loans for which there is a related allowance for loan losses Impaired loans for which there is no related allowance for loan losses Total carrying value of impaired loans Total unpaid principal of impaired loans 31,472 3,315 — 5,671 11,718 1,681 53,857 3,714 3,714 57,571 $ $ $ 95,572 5,458 — 31,612 11,922 2,965 147,529 5,480 5,480 153,009 $ 109,736 10,049 — 70,600 12,010 3,114 205,509 8,527 8,527 214,036 $ $ 64,100 2,143 — 25,941 204 1,284 93,672 1,766 1,766 95,438 $ $ 148 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table summarizes our average impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired loans, broken out by our previous portfolio segments and classes of financing receivable during 2019 and 2018: Year ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) Commercial loans: Software/internet Hardware Private equity/venture capital Life science/healthcare Premium wine Other Total commercial loans Consumer loans: Real estate secured loans Other consumer loans Total consumer loans Total average impaired loans Average impaired loans 2018 2019 Interest income recognized on impaired loans 2019 2018 $ $ 88,628 $ 12,500 2,264 44,827 2,912 2,050 153,181 7,159 7 7,166 160,347 $ 112,493 $ 28,540 1,327 30,144 2,605 171 175,280 4,028 358 4,386 179,666 $ 2,813 $ 464 — 919 311 21 4,528 54 — 54 4,582 $ 1,513 312 — 756 68 — 2,649 15 — 15 2,664 The following table summarizes the allowance for loan losses individually and collectively evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2019, broken out by our previous portfolio segments: (Dollars in thousands) Commercial loans: Software/internet Hardware Private equity/venture capital Life science/healthcare Premium wine Other Total commercial loans Total consumer loans Total December 31, 2019 Individually Evaluated for Impairment Collectively Evaluated for Impairment Allowance for loan losses Recorded investment in loans Allowance for loan losses Recorded investment in loans $ $ 26,613 1,214 — 16,414 204 203 44,648 211 44,859 $ $ 95,572 5,458 — 31,612 11,922 2,965 147,529 5,480 153,009 $ $ 73,610 18,430 115,805 22,831 4,944 3,150 238,770 21,295 260,065 $ $ 6,103,976 1,365,701 17,801,324 2,336,436 1,076,295 556,689 29,240,421 3,771,206 33,011,627 149 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) 10. Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment at December 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted of the following: (Dollars in thousands) Computer software Computer hardware Leasehold improvements Furniture and equipment Total Accumulated depreciation and amortization Premises and equipment, net December 31, 2020 2019 296,324 $ 91,870 124,057 50,036 562,287 (386,469) 175,818 $ 261,643 82,643 121,907 46,300 512,493 (350,617) 161,876 $ $ Depreciation and amortization expense for premises and equipment was $52.8 million, $42.0 million and $38.1 million for the years ended 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 11. Leases We have operating leases for our corporate offices and certain equipment utilized at those properties. We are obligated under a number of noncancelable operating leases for premises and equipment that expire at various dates, through 2030, and in most instances, include options to renew or extend at market rates and terms. Such leases may provide for periodic adjustments of rentals during the term of the lease based on changes in various economic indicators. Total recorded balances for the lease assets and liabilities are as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Assets: Right-of-use assets - operating leases Liabilities: Lease liabilities - operating leases December 31, 2020 2019 $ 209,932 $ 259,554 197,365 218,847 The components of our lease cost and supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Operating lease cost Short-term lease cost Variable lease cost Less: sublease income Total lease expense, net Supplemental cash flows information: Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Cash paid for operating leases Noncash items during the period: Lease obligations in exchange for obtaining right-of-use assets: Operating leases 150 December 31, 2020 2019 69,249 $ 1,404 3,692 (2,265) 72,080 $ 41,049 1,823 3,477 (4,492) 41,857 50,194 $ 44,976 75,244 $ 33,167 $ $ $ $ Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The table below presents additional information related to the Company's leases as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: Weighted-average remaining term (in years) - operating leases Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases (1) December 31, 2020 2019 6.05 2.38 % 6.29 2.92 % (1) The incremental borrowing rate used to calculate the lease liability was determined based on the facts and circumstances of the economic environment and the Company’s credit standing as of the effective date of ASC 842. Additionally, the total lease term and total lease payments were also considered in determining the rate. Based on these considerations the Company identified credit terms available under its existing credit lines which represent a collateralized borrowing rate that has varying credit terms that could be matched to total lease terms and total lease payments in ultimately determining the implied borrowing rate in each lease contract. The following table presents our undiscounted future cash payments for our operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2020: Years ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 and thereafter Total lease payments Less: imputed interest Total lease liabilities Lease Exits Operating Leases 51,547 48,847 48,190 42,418 32,080 53,842 276,924 (17,370) 259,554 $ $ $ The Company periodically reviews its lease portfolio to assess whether leased office space is adequate for its operations. Due to the ongoing impacts of COVID-19 and the continuation of the work-from-home policy, we decided to exit various locations during the three months ended December 31, 2020. The Company exited from a portion of its corporate headquarters. In relation to this exit, net occupancy expenses were $7.6 million due to the accelerated depreciation of ROU assets and leasehold improvements, as well as additional termination costs. Premises and equipment expenses included $0.6 million related to the accelerated depreciation of furniture and fixtures. Both net occupancy and premises and equipment are included in the noninterest expense section of our consolidated statements of income. Additionally, the Company decided to exit leases for portions of various office locations and market these spaces for sublease. When a company plans to utilize an ROU asset for less than it was initially intended, ASC 842, Leases, requires an evaluation for impairment and disclosure in accordance with ASC 360-10- 45-2, Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Using each location as a standalone asset group, we determined impairment charges are required. Impairment charges that totaled $16.8 million are included in net occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income and represent the present value of remaining lease obligations on the cease use dates. The related leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures for these locations were also impaired with a loss recorded to premises and equipment, of $4.4 million, which is included in the noninterest expense section of the consolidated statements of income. This impairment charge represents the historical cost of the asset less any accumulated depreciation. 12. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill Goodwill at December 31, 2020 was $142.7 million, comprised of revenue generating synergies from our acquisition of SVB Leerink in 2019 as well as our acquisition of WRG's debt fund business in December 2020. The changes in goodwill were as follows for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: 151 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) Beginning balance at December 31, 2018 Acquisitions Ending balance at December 31, 2019 Acquisitions Ending balance at December 31, 2020 Goodwill — 137,823 137,823 4,862 142,685 $ $ $ During 2020, we completed our annual goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2020, as a result, we determined there was no impairment as of December 31, 2020. For more information on our annual impairment policies, see Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies." Other Intangible Assets The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of other intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Other intangible assets: Customer relationships Other Total other intangible assets, net Gross Amount December 31, 2020 Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Amount December 31, 2019 Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount $ $ 42,000 $ 36,300 78,300 $ 7,636 $ 9,229 16,865 $ 34,364 $ 27,071 61,435 $ 42,000 $ 18,900 60,900 $ 3,818 $ 7,665 11,483 $ 38,182 11,235 49,417 For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded amortization expense of $5.4 million. Assuming no future impairments of other intangible assets or additional acquisitions or dispositions, the following table presents the Company's future expected amortization expense for other intangible assets that will continue to be amortized as of December 31, 2020: Years ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 and thereafter Total future amortization expense 13. Deposits The following table presents the composition of our deposits at December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Noninterest-bearing demand Interest-bearing checking and savings accounts Money market Money market deposits in foreign offices Sweep deposits in foreign offices Time Total deposits 152 Other Intangible Assets 8,217 8,141 8,141 8,141 6,900 21,895 61,435 $ $ December 31, 2020 66,519,240 $ 4,800,831 28,406,195 616,570 950,510 688,461 101,981,807 $ 2019 40,841,570 568,256 17,749,736 352,437 2,057,715 188,093 61,757,807 $ $ Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The aggregate amount of time deposit accounts individually equal to or greater than $250,000 totaled $682 million and $180 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. At December 31, 2020, time deposit accounts individually equal to or greater than $250,000 totaling $682 million were scheduled to mature within one year. 14. Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt The following table represents outstanding short-term borrowings and long-term debt at December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Short-term borrowings: Other short-term borrowings Total short-term borrowings Long-term debt: 3.50% Senior Notes 3.125% Senior Notes Total long-term debt Maturity (1) January 29, 2025 June 5, 2030 $ $ Principal value at December 31, 2020 December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Carrying Value 20,553 $ $ 20,553 $ 20,553 $ 350,000 $ 500,000 $ 348,348 $ 495,280 843,628 $ 17,430 17,430 347,987 — 347,987 (1) Represents cash collateral received from certain counterparties in relation to market value exposures of derivative contracts in our favor. The aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt obligations as of December 31, 2020 are as follows: Year ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 and thereafter Total $ $ Amount — — — — 348,348 495,280 843,628 Interest expense related to short-term borrowings and long-term debt was $25.1 million, $35.1 million and $46.6 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The weighted average interest rate associated with our short-term borrowings was 0.80 percent as of December 31, 2020 and 1.55 percent as of December 31, 2019. 3.50% Senior Notes In January 2015, SVB Financial issued $350 million of 3.50% Senior Notes due in January 2025. We received net proceeds of approximately $346.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and issuance costs. The balance of our 3.50% Senior Notes at December 31, 2020 was $348.3 million, which is reflective of $1.6 million of debt issuance costs and a $0.1 million discount. 3.125% Senior Notes On June 5, 2020, the Company issued $500.0 million of 3.125% Senior Notes due in June 2030 ("3.125% Senior Notes"). The 3.125% Senior Notes may be redeemed by us, at our option, at any time prior to March 5, 2030, at a redemption price equal to the full aggregate principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium payment. We received net proceeds from this offering of approximately $495.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and issuance costs. The balance of our 3.125% Senior Notes at December 31, 2020 was $495.3 million, which is reflective of $4.3 million of debt issuance costs and a $0.4 million discount. 153 Table of Contents Short-term Borrowings SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) We have certain facilities in place to enable us to access short-term borrowings on a secured and unsecured basis. Our secured facilities include collateral pledged to the FHLB of San Francisco and the discount window at the FRB (using both fixed income securities and loans as collateral). Our unsecured facility consists of our uncommitted federal funds lines. As of December 31, 2020, collateral pledged to the FHLB of San Francisco was comprised primarily of fixed income investment securities and loans and had a carrying value of $6.8 billion, of which $5.8 billion was available to support additional borrowings. As of December 31, 2020, collateral pledged to the discount window at the FRB was comprised of fixed income investment securities and had a carrying value of $0.9 billion, all of which was unused and available to support additional borrowings. Our total unused and available borrowing capacity for our uncommitted federal funds lines totaled $1.9 billion at December 31, 2020. Our total unused and available borrowing capacity under our master repurchase agreements with various financial institutions totaled $4.0 billion at December 31, 2020. On February 2, 2021, the Company issued $500 million of Senior Notes. The notes. Refer to Note 28—“Subsequent Events” for additional information. 15. Derivative Financial Instruments We primarily use derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk and currency exchange rate risk and to assist customers with their risk management objectives, which may include currency exchange rate risks and interest rate risks. Also, in connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services, we often obtain equity warrant assets giving us the right to acquire stock in private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science/healthcare industries. Interest Rate Risk Interest rate risk is our primary market risk and can result from timing and volume differences in the repricing of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities and changes in market interest rates. To manage interest rate risk on our variable-interest rate loan portfolio, we enter into interest rate swap contracts to hedge against future changes in interest rates by using hedging instruments to lock in future cash inflows that would otherwise be impacted by movements in the market interest rates. We designate these interest rate swap contracts as cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"), and record them in other assets and other liabilities. For qualifying cash flow hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and recognized in earnings as the hedged item affects earnings. Derivative amounts affecting earnings are recognized consistent with the classification of the hedged item in the line item "Loans" as part of interest income, a component of consolidated net income. We assess hedge effectiveness under ASC 815 on a quarterly basis to ensure all hedges remain highly effective to ensure hedge accounting under ASC 815 can be applied. If the hedging relationship no longer exists or no longer qualifies as a hedge per ASC 815, any amounts remaining as gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings in the line item "loans" as part of interest income, a component of consolidated net income. As of March 31, 2020, all derivatives previously classified as hedges with notional balances totaling $5.0 billion and a net asset fair value of $227.5 million were terminated. As of December 31, 2020, the total unrealized gains on terminated cash flow hedges remaining in AOCI is $179.0 million, or $129.3 million net of tax. The unrealized gains will be reclassified into interest income as the underlying forecasted transactions impact earnings through the original maturity of the hedged forecasted transactions. The total remaining term over which the unrealized gains will be reclassified into earnings is approximately four years. Currency Exchange Risk We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure risk associated with the net difference between foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. We do not designate any foreign exchange forward contracts as derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting. Gains or losses from changes in currency rates on foreign currency denominated instruments are recorded in the line item "other" as part of noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. We may experience ineffectiveness in the economic hedging relationship, because the instruments are revalued based upon changes in the currency’s spot rate on the principal value, while the forwards are revalued on a discounted cash flow basis. We record forward agreements in gain positions in other assets and loss positions in other liabilities, while net changes in fair value are recorded in the line item "other" as part of noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. Other Derivative Instruments 154 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Also included in our derivative instruments are equity warrant assets and client forward and option contracts, and client interest rate contracts. For further description of these other derivative instruments, refer to Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” Counterparty Credit Risk We are exposed to credit risk if counterparties to our derivative contracts do not perform as expected. We mitigate counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures and obtaining collateral, as appropriate. With respect to measuring counterparty credit risk for derivative instruments, we measure the fair value of a group of financial assets and financial liabilities on a net risk basis by counterparty portfolio. The total notional or contractual amounts and fair value of our derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Interest rate risks: Interest rate swaps Interest rate swaps Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Currency exchange risks: Foreign exchange forwards Foreign exchange forwards Other derivative instruments: Equity warrant assets Client foreign exchange forwards Client foreign exchange forwards Client foreign currency options Client foreign currency options Client interest rate derivatives Client interest rate derivatives (2) Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Total derivatives Notional or Contractual Amount December 31, 2020 Fair Value Derivative Assets (1) Derivative Liabilities (1) Notional or Contractual Amount December 31, 2019 Fair Value Derivative Assets (1) Derivative Liabilities (1) $ — $ — — $ — — $ — 1,915,000 $ 3,085,000 22,676 $ — — 25,623 68,381 566,988 253,153 8,025,973 7,490,723 97,529 97,522 1,082,265 1,250,975 $ 306 — 203,438 214,969 — 1,702 — 67,854 — 488,269 488,269 $ — 20,566 — — 188,565 — 1,702 — 26,646 237,479 237,479 — 300,250 225,893 4,661,517 4,326,059 154,985 154,985 1,275,190 1,372,914 $ — — 165,473 114,546 — 1,308 — 28,811 — 310,138 332,814 $ — 2,154 — — 94,745 — 1,308 — 14,154 112,361 137,984 (1) (2) Derivative assets and liabilities are included in "accrued interest receivable and other assets" and "other liabilities", respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. The amount reported reflects reductions of approximately $45.4 million and $17.4 million of derivative liabilities at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, reflecting variation margin treated as settlement of the related derivative fair values for legal and accounting purposes as required by central clearing houses. 155 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) A summary of our derivative activity and the related impact on our consolidated statements of income for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Interest rate risks: Statement of income location Year ended December 31, 2019 2020 2018 Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Currency exchange risks: Interest income—loans Gains (losses) on revaluations of internal foreign currency instruments, net (Losses) gains on internal foreign exchange forward contracts, net Other noninterest income Other noninterest income Net losses associated with internal currency risk Other derivative instruments: Gains (losses) on revaluations of client foreign currency instruments, net (Losses) gains on client foreign exchange forward contracts, net Other noninterest income Other noninterest income Net (losses) gains associated with client currency risk Net gains on equity warrant assets Net gains (losses) on other derivatives Gains on equity warrant assets, net Other noninterest income Balance Sheet Offsetting $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 49,928 $ (5,358) $ — 39,247 $ (39,716) (469) $ 1,444 $ (1,853) (409) $ 2,560 $ (3,017) (457) $ (15,146) $ 15,900 754 $ 237,428 $ 138,078 $ 28,056 $ (1,190) $ (373) 52 (321) 4,998 (4,011) 987 89,142 (179) Certain of our derivative and other financial instruments are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements with our counterparties. These agreements provide for the net settlement of multiple contracts with a single counterparty through a single payment, in a single currency, in the event of default on or termination of any one contract. The following table summarizes our assets subject to enforceable master netting arrangements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: Derivative Assets: Interest rate swaps Foreign exchange forwards Foreign currency options Client interest rate derivatives Total derivative assets: Reverse repurchase, securities borrowing, and similar arrangements Total December 31, 2019: Derivative Assets: Interest rate swaps Foreign exchange forwards Foreign currency options Client interest rate derivatives Total derivative assets: Reverse repurchase, securities borrowing, and similar arrangements Total Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Gross Amounts offset in the Statement of Financial Position Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Position Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position But Subject to Master Netting Arrangements Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Received (1) Net Amount $ $ $ — 215,275 1,702 67,854 284,831 226,847 511,678 22,676 114,546 1,308 28,811 167,341 $ $ $ — (75,983) (1,045) (67,854) (144,882) (226,847) (371,729) (22,598) (36,855) (848) (28,811) (89,112) 289,340 456,681 $ (289,340) (378,452) $ — $ (20,550) (3) — (20,553) — (20,553) $ — $ (17,095) (335) — (17,430) — (17,430) $ — 118,742 654 — 119,396 — 119,396 78 60,596 125 — 60,799 — 60,799 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — 215,275 1,702 67,854 284,831 226,847 511,678 22,676 114,546 1,308 28,811 167,341 289,340 456,681 $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — $ $ $ $ 156 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (1) Cash collateral received from our counterparties in relation to market value exposures of derivative contracts in our favor is recorded as a component of “short-term borrowings” on our consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes our liabilities subject to enforceable master netting arrangements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: Derivative Liabilities: Interest rate swaps Foreign exchange forwards Foreign currency options Client interest rate derivatives Total derivative liabilities: Repurchase, securities lending, and similar arrangements Total December 31, 2019: Derivative Liabilities: Interest rate swaps Foreign exchange forwards Foreign currency options Client interest rate derivatives Total derivative liabilities: Repurchase, securities lending, and similar arrangements Total Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Gross Amounts offset in the Statement of Financial Position Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Financial Position Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position But Subject to Master Netting Arrangements Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Pledged (1) Net Amount $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — 209,131 1,702 26,646 237,479 — 237,479 25,623 96,899 1,308 14,154 137,984 — 137,984 $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — 209,131 1,702 26,646 237,479 — 237,479 25,623 96,899 1,308 14,154 137,984 $ $ $ — (84,547) (645) — (85,192) — (85,192) (22,676) (33,314) (531) — (56,521) — 137,984 $ — (56,521) $ — $ (45,367) (8) (26,100) (71,475) — (71,475) $ (2,947) $ (22,030) — (13,936) (38,913) — (38,913) $ — 79,217 1,049 546 80,812 — 80,812 — 41,555 777 218 42,550 — 42,550 (1) Cash collateral pledged to our counterparties in relation to market value exposures of derivative contracts in a liability position and repurchase agreements are recorded as a component of “cash and cash equivalents" on our consolidated balance sheets. 16. Noninterest Income All of the Company's revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of ASC 606 is recognized within noninterest income. Included below is a summary of noninterest income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (Dollars in thousands) Noninterest income: Gains on investment securities, net Gains on equity warrant assets, net Client investment fees Foreign exchange fees Credit card fees Deposit service charges Lending related fees Letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees Investment banking revenue Commissions Other Total noninterest income Year ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 $ $ 420,752 $ 237,428 132,200 178,733 97,737 90,336 57,533 46,659 413,985 66,640 98,145 1,840,148 $ 134,670 $ 138,078 182,068 159,262 118,719 89,200 49,920 42,669 195,177 56,346 55,370 1,221,479 $ 88,094 89,142 130,360 138,812 94,072 76,097 41,949 34,600 — — 51,858 744,984 157 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Gains on investment securities, net Net gains on investment securities include both gains and losses from our non-marketable and other equity securities, which include public equity securities as a result of exercised equity warrant assets, gains and losses from sales of our AFS debt securities portfolio, when applicable, and carried interest. Our non-marketable and other equity securities portfolio primarily represents investments in venture capital and private equity funds, our China Joint Venture, debt funds, private and public portfolio companies, which include public equity securities held as a result of exercised equity warrant assets and qualified affordable housing projects. We experience variability in the performance of our non-marketable and other equity securities from period to period, which results in net gains or losses on investment securities (both realized and unrealized). This variability is due to a number of factors, including unrealized changes in the values of our investments, changes in the amount of realized gains from distributions, changes in liquidity events and general economic and market conditions. Unrealized gains from non-marketable and other equity securities for any single period are typically driven by valuation changes. The extent to which any unrealized gains or losses will become realized is subject to a variety of factors, including, among other things, the expiration of certain sales restrictions to which these equity securities may be subject to (e.g., lock-up agreements), changes in prevailing market prices, market conditions, the actual sales or distributions of securities, and the timing of such actual sales or distributions, which, to the extent such securities are managed by our managed funds, are subject to our funds' separate discretionary sales/distributions and governance processes. Carried interest is comprised of preferential allocations of profits recognizable when the return on assets of our individual managed fund of funds and direct venture funds exceeds certain performance targets and is payable to us, as the general partners of the managed funds. The carried interest we earn is often shared with employees, who are also members of the general partner entities. We record carried interest on a quarterly basis by measuring fund performance to date versus the performance target. For our unconsolidated managed funds, carried interest is recorded as gains on investment securities, net. For our consolidated managed funds, it is recorded as a component of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. Carried interest allocated to others is recorded as a component of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. Any carried interest paid to us (or our employees) may be subject to reversal to the extent fund performance declines to a level where inception to date carried interest is lower than actual payments made by the funds. The limited partnership agreements for our funds provide that carried interest is generally not paid to the general partners until the funds have provided a full return of contributed capital to the limited partners. Accrued, but unpaid carried interest may be subject to reversal to the extent that the fund performance declines to a level where inception-to-date carried interest is less than prior amounts recognized. Carried interest income is accounted for under an ownership model based on ASC 323 — Equity Method of Accounting and ASC 810 — Consolidation. Our AFS securities portfolio is a fixed income investment portfolio that is managed with the objective of earning an appropriate portfolio yield over the long-term while maintaining sufficient liquidity and credit diversification as well as addressing our asset/liability management objectives. Though infrequent, sales of debt securities in our AFS securities portfolio may result in net gains or losses and are conducted pursuant to the guidelines of our investment policy related to the management of our liquidity position and interest rate risk. Gains on investment securities are recognized outside of the scope of ASC 606 as it explicitly excludes noninterest income earned from our investment- related activities. A summary of gains and losses on investment securities for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Gains on non-marketable and other equity securities, net Gains (losses) on sales of available-for-sale debt securities, net Total gains on investment securities, net Gains on equity warrant assets, net 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 359,587 $ 61,165 420,752 $ 138,575 $ (3,905) 134,670 $ 88,834 (740) 88,094 In connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services, we often obtain rights to acquire stock in the form of equity warrant assets in primarily private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science/healthcare industries. Any changes in fair value from the grant date fair value of equity warrant assets will be recognized as increases or decreases to other assets on our balance sheet and as net gains or losses on equity warrant assets, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. 158 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Gains on equity warrant assets are recognized outside of the scope of ASC 606 as it explicitly excludes noninterest income earned from our derivative- related activities. A summary of net gains on equity warrant assets for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Equity warrant assets: Gains on exercises, net Terminations Changes in fair value, net Total net gains on equity warrant assets Client investment fees 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 179,648 $ (1,948) 59,728 237,428 $ 107,168 $ (3,502) 34,412 138,078 $ 58,186 (5,964) 36,920 89,142 Client investment fees include fees earned from discretionary investment management services for substantially all clients, managing clients’ portfolios based on their investment policies, strategies and objectives and investment advisory fees. Revenue is recognized on a monthly basis upon completion of our performance obligation and consideration is typically received in the subsequent month. Included in our sweep money market fees are Rule 12(b)-1 fees, revenue sharing and customer transactional-based fees. Rule 12(b)-1 fees and revenue sharing are recognized as earned based on client funds that are invested in the period, typically monthly. Transactional based fees are earned and recognized on fixed income securities when the transaction is executed on the clients' behalf. Amounts paid to third-party service providers are predominantly expensed, such that client investment fees are recorded gross of payments made to third parties. A summary of client investment fees by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Client investment fees by type: Sweep money market fees Asset management fees (1) Repurchase agreement fees Total client investment fees (2) 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 74,176 $ 42,768 15,256 132,200 $ 104,236 $ 28,665 49,167 182,068 $ 75,654 23,882 30,824 130,360 (1) (2) Represents fees earned from investments in third-party money market mutual funds and fixed-income securities managed by SVB Asset Management. Represents fees earned on client investment funds which are maintained at third-party financial institutions and are not recorded on our balance sheet. Foreign exchange fees Foreign exchange fees represent the income differential between purchases and sales of foreign currency on behalf of our clients, primarily from spot contracts. Foreign exchange spot contract fees are recognized upon the completion of the single performance obligation, the execution of a spot trade in exchange for a fee. In line with customary business practice, the legal right transfers to the client upon execution of a foreign exchange contract on the trade date, and as such, we currently recognize our fees based on the trade date and the transactions are typically settled within two business days. 159 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Forward contract and option premium fees are recognized outside of the scope of ASC 606 as it explicitly excludes noninterest income earned from our derivative-related activities. A summary of foreign exchange fee income by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Foreign exchange fees by instrument type: Spot contract commissions Forward contract commissions Option premium fees Total foreign exchange fees Credit card fees 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 157,852 $ 19,849 1,032 178,733 $ 145,915 $ 13,068 279 159,262 $ 127,459 10,940 413 138,812 Credit card fees include interchange income from credit and debit cards and fees earned from processing transactions for merchants. Interchange income is earned after satisfying our performance obligation of providing nightly settlement services to a payment network. Costs related to rewards programs are recorded when the rewards are earned by the customer and presented as a reduction to interchange fee income. Rewards programs continue to be accounted for under ASC 310 - Receivables. Our performance obligations for merchant service fees are to transmit data and funds between the merchant and the payment network. Credit card interchange and merchant service fees are earned daily upon completion of transaction settlement services. Annual card service fees are recognized on a straight-line basis over a 12-month period and continue to be accounted for under ASC 310 - Receivables. A summary of credit card fees by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Credit card fees by instrument type: Card interchange fees, net Merchant service fees Card service fees Total credit card fees Deposit service charges 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 75,562 $ 17,732 4,443 97,737 $ 93,553 $ 18,355 6,811 118,719 $ 74,381 14,420 5,271 94,072 Deposit service charges include fees earned from performing cash management activities and other deposit account services. Deposit services include, but are not limited to, the following: receivables services, which include merchant services, remote capture, lockbox, electronic deposit capture, and fraud control services. Payment and cash management products and services include wire transfer and automated clearing house payment services to enable clients to transfer funds more quickly, as well as business bill pay, business credit and debit cards, account analysis, and disbursement services. Deposit service charges are recognized over the period in which the related performance obligation is provided, generally on a monthly basis, and are presented in the "Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers" table below. Lending related fees Unused commitment fees, minimum finance fees and unused line fees are recognized as earned on a monthly basis. Fees that qualify for syndication treatment are recognized at the completion of the syndicated loan deal for which the fees were received. Lending related fees are recognized outside of the scope of ASC 606 as it explicitly excludes noninterest income earned from our lending-related activities. A summary of lending related fees by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: 160 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) Lending related fees by instrument type: Unused commitment fees Other Total lending related fees Letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 42,399 $ 15,134 57,533 $ 34,829 $ 15,091 49,920 $ 32,452 9,497 41,949 Commercial and standby letters of credit represent conditional commitments issued by us on behalf of a client to guarantee the performance of the client to a third party when certain specified future events have occurred. Fees generated from letters of credit and standby letters of credit are deferred as a component of other liabilities and recognized in noninterest income over the commitment period using the straight-line method, based on the likelihood that the commitment being drawn down will be remote. Letters of credit and standby letters of credit fees are recognized outside of the scope of ASC 606 as it explicitly excludes noninterest income earned from our lending related activities. Investment banking revenue We earn investment banking revenue from clients for providing services related to securities underwriting, private placements and advisory services on strategic matters such as mergers and acquisitions. Underwriting fees are attributable to public and private offerings of equity and debt securities and are recognized at the point in time when the offering has been deemed to be completed by the lead manager of the underwriting group. Once the offering is completed, the performance obligation has been satisfied; we recognize the applicable management fee as well as the underwriting fee, net of consideration payable to customers. Private placement fees are recognized at the point in time when the private placement is completed, which is generally when the client accepts capital from the fund raise. Advisory fees from mergers and acquisitions engagements are generally recognized at the point in time when the related transaction is completed. Expenses are deferred only to the extent they are explicitly reimbursable by the client and the related revenue is recognized at a point in time. All other deal-related expenses are expensed as incurred. We have determined that we act as principal in the majority of these transactions and therefore present expenses gross within other operating expenses. A summary of investment banking revenue by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Investment banking revenue: Underwriting fees Advisory fees Private placements and other Total investment banking revenue Commissions 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 352,951 $ 40,006 21,028 413,985 $ 153,306 $ 37,846 4,025 195,177 $ — — — — Commissions include commissions received from clients for the execution of agency-based brokerage transactions in listed and over-the-counter equities. The execution of each trade order represents a distinct performance obligation and the transaction price is fixed at the point in time or trade order execution. Trade execution is satisfied at the point in time that the customer has control of the asset and as such, fees are recorded on a trade date basis. Commissions are presented in the "Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers" table below. Other Other noninterest income primarily includes income from fund management fees, gains from conversion of convertible debt options and service revenue. Fund management fees are comprised of fees charged directly to our managed funds of funds and direct venture funds. Fund management fees are based upon the contractual terms of the limited partnership agreements and are generally recognized as earned over the specified contract period, which is generally equal to the life of the individual fund. Fund management fees are calculated as a percentage of committed capital and collected in advance and are received quarterly. Fund management fees for certain of our limited partnership agreements are calculated as a percentage of distributions made by the funds and revenue is recorded only at the time of a distribution event. As distribution 161 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) events are not predetermined for these certain funds, management fees are considered variable and constrained under ASC 606. Gains from conversion of convertible debt options represent unrealized valuation gains on loan conversion derivative assets, and realized gains from the conversion of debt instruments, convertible into a third party’s common stock upon a triggering event such as an IPO. Gains from conversion of convertible debt options are recognized outside of the scope of ASC 606 as it explicitly excludes noninterest income earned from our derivative-related activities. Other service revenue primarily consists of dividend income on FHLB/FRB stock, correspondent bank rebate income, incentive fees related to carried interest and other fee income. We recognize revenue when our performance obligations are met and record revenues on a daily/monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis. For event driven revenue sources, we recognize revenue when: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) we have performed the service, provided we have no other remaining obligations to the customer, (iii) the fee is fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability is probable. A summary of other noninterest income by instrument type for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Other noninterest income by instrument type: Fund management fees Net (losses) gains on revaluation of foreign currency instruments, net of foreign exchange forward contracts (1) Losses on extinguishment of debt Gains from conversion of convertible debt options Other service revenue Total other noninterest income 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 38,960 $ 32,522 $ 23,016 (926) — 30,018 30,093 98,145 $ 345 (8,960) — 31,463 55,370 $ 666 — — 28,176 51,858 $ (1) Represents the net revaluation of client and internal foreign currency denominated financial instruments. We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure related to client and internal foreign currency denominated financial instruments. Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers The following tables present our revenues from contracts with customers disaggregated by revenue source and segment for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018: Year ended December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Revenue from contracts with customers: Client investment fees Spot contract commissions Card interchange fees, gross Merchant service fees Deposit service charges Investment banking revenue Commissions Fund management fees Performance fees Correspondent bank rebates Total revenue from contracts with customers Revenues outside the scope of ASC 606 (1) Total noninterest income Global Commercial Bank (2) SVB Private Bank SVB Capital (2) SVB Leerink (2) Other Items Total $ $ $ 129,378 $ 156,725 128,239 17,732 89,565 — — — — 5,729 527,368 $ 78,365 605,733 $ 2,822 $ 544 23 — 81 — — — — — 3,470 $ 66 3,536 $ — $ — — — — — — 32,233 3,601 — 35,834 $ 190,120 225,954 $ — $ — — — — 413,985 66,640 6,727 — — 487,352 $ 8,624 495,976 $ — $ 583 1,545 — 690 — — — — — 2,818 $ 506,131 508,949 $ 132,200 157,852 129,807 17,732 90,336 413,985 66,640 38,960 3,601 5,729 1,056,842 783,306 1,840,148 (1) Amounts are accounted for under separate guidance than ASC 606. (2) Global Commercial Bank’s, SVB Capital’s and SVB Leerink's components of noninterest income are shown net of noncontrolling interests. Noncontrolling interest is included within “Other Items." 162 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Year ended December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Revenue from contracts with customers: Client investment fees Spot contract commissions Card interchange fees, gross Merchant service fees Deposit service charges Investment banking revenue Commissions Fund management fees Correspondent bank rebates Total revenue from contracts with customers Revenues outside the scope of ASC 606 (1) Total noninterest income Global Commercial Bank (2) SVB Private Bank SVB Capital (2) SVB Leerink (2) Other Items Total $ $ $ 180,152 $ 144,930 154,197 18,355 88,136 — — — 6,415 592,185 $ 45,737 637,922 $ 1,916 $ 510 — — 137 — — — — 2,563 $ 803 3,366 $ — $ — — — — — — 26,850 — 26,850 $ 95,544 122,394 $ — $ — — — — 195,177 56,346 5,672 — 257,195 $ 7,321 264,516 $ — $ 475 756 — 927 — — — — 2,158 $ 191,123 193,281 $ 182,068 145,915 154,953 18,355 89,200 195,177 56,346 32,522 6,415 880,951 340,528 1,221,479 (1) Amounts are accounted for under separate guidance than ASC 606. (2) Global Commercial Bank’s, SVB Capital’s and SVB Leerink's components of noninterest income are shown net of noncontrolling interests. Noncontrolling interest is included within “Other Items." Year ended December 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Revenue from contracts with customers: Client investment fees (3) Spot contract commissions Card interchange fees, gross Merchant service fees Deposit service charges Fund management fees Correspondent bank rebates Total revenue from contracts with customers Revenues outside the scope of ASC 606 (1) Total noninterest income Global Commercial Bank (2) SVB Private Bank SVB Capital (2) Other Items Total $ $ $ 128,834 $ 126,445 134,074 14,415 74,348 — 5,802 483,918 $ 36,384 520,302 $ 1,526 $ 691 — 4 108 — — 2,329 $ (48) 2,281 $ — $ — — — — 23,016 — 23,016 $ 78,165 101,181 $ — $ 323 428 1 1,641 — — 2,393 $ 118,827 121,220 $ 130,360 127,459 134,502 14,420 76,097 23,016 5,802 511,656 233,328 744,984 (1) Amounts are accounted for under separate guidance than ASC 606. (2) Global Commercial Bank’s and SVB Capital’s components of noninterest income are shown net of noncontrolling interests. Noncontrolling interest is (3) included within “Other Items." For the year ended December 31, 2018, the amount of client investment fees previously reported as "Other Items" has been correctly allocated to the reportable segment "Global Commercial Bank" to properly reflect the source of such revenue. The correction of this immaterial error had no impact on the "Total" amount of client investment fees. 163 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) 17. Other Noninterest Expense A summary of other noninterest expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Lending and other client related processing costs Correspondent bank fees Investment banking activities Trade order execution costs Data processing services Telephone Dues and publications Postage and supplies Other Total other noninterest expense 18. Income Taxes The components of our provision for income taxes for 2020, 2019 and 2018 were as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Current provision: Federal State Deferred expense (benefit): Federal State Income tax expense 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 29,783 $ 15,065 20,591 11,144 14,910 8,591 4,251 2,545 83,295 190,175 $ 28,491 $ 14,503 13,733 10,813 12,536 9,861 4,603 3,198 54,841 152,579 $ 24,237 13,713 — — 10,811 9,404 4,605 2,799 21,682 87,251 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 299,882 $ 140,794 5,296 1,615 447,587 $ 296,400 $ 132,357 (1,530) (1,542) 425,685 $ 249,358 123,264 (11,777) (9,284) 351,561 $ $ $ $ Our effective tax rate is calculated by dividing income tax expense by the sum of income before income tax expense and the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. The reconciliation between the federal statutory income tax rate and our effective income tax rate for 2020, 2019 and 2018, is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Federal statutory income tax rate State income taxes, net of the federal tax effect Meals and entertainment Disallowed officers' compensation FDIC premiums Share-based compensation expense on incentive stock options and ESPP Qualified affordable housing project tax credits Tax-exempt interest income Other, net Effective income tax rate 2020 December 31, 2019 2018 21.0 % 6.8 0.1 0.2 0.3 (0.3) (0.5) (0.8) 0.2 27.0 % 21.0 % 7.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 (0.6) (0.3) (0.6) (0.1) 27.2 % 21.0 % 7.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 (1.4) (0.3) (0.6) (0.4) 26.5 % 164 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2020 and 2019, consisted of the following: (Dollars in thousands) Deferred tax assets: Allowance for credit losses Share-based compensation expense State income taxes Accrued compensation Lease liability Other accruals Net operating loss Goodwill and intangibles Foreign tax credit carryforward SBA loan fees Other Deferred tax assets Valuation allowance Net deferred tax assets after valuation allowance Deferred tax liabilities: Derivative equity warrant assets Net unrealized gains on cash flow hedge derivatives Net unrealized gains on AFS debt securities Non-marketable and other equity securities Premises and equipment and other intangibles Right-of-use asset and deferred rent assets Other Deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets Net Deferred Tax Assets December 31, 2020 2019 158,161 $ 15,531 16,640 44,112 69,714 10,018 7,501 3,165 9,028 6,115 8,110 348,095 (7,094) 341,001 (71,019) (49,772) (185,634) (118,712) (23,721) (52,057) (12,340) (513,255) (172,254) $ 103,267 14,233 16,097 22,578 60,635 12,383 6,386 3,141 — — 7,923 246,643 (5,919) 240,724 (45,533) — (33,480) (54,239) (16,459) (50,493) (12,087) (212,291) 28,433 $ $ U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards totaled $1.9 million and $2.2 million for December 31, 2020 and 2019. Our foreign net operating loss carryforwards totaled $25.3 million and $20.8 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These net operating loss carryforwards expire at various dates beginning in 2022. Currently, we believe that it is more likely than not that the benefit from the foreign net operating loss carryforwards, which are associated with our Germany and Canada operations, will not be realized in the near term due to uncertainties in the timing of future profitability in the course of business. In recognition of this, our valuation allowance is $7.1 million on the deferred tax assets related to our German and Canadian net operating loss carryforwards as of December 31, 2020. We believe it is more likely than not that the remaining deferred tax assets will be realized through recovery of taxes previously paid and/or future taxable income. Therefore, no valuation allowance was provided for the remaining deferred tax assets. We are subject to income tax and non-income based taxes by the U.S. federal tax authorities as well as various state and foreign tax authorities. We have identified the U.S. federal and California state jurisdictions as major tax filings. Our U.S. federal tax returns remain open to full examination for 2017 and subsequent tax years. Our California tax returns remain open to full examination for 2016 and subsequent tax years. At December 31, 2020, our unrecognized tax benefit was $16.5 million, the recognition of which would reduce our income tax expense by $13.1 million. We do not expect that our unrecognized tax benefit will materially change in the next 12 months. 165 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) We recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters as part of income before income taxes. Interest and penalties were not material for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. A summary of changes in our unrecognized tax benefit (including interest and penalties) for December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Balance at December 31, 2017 Additions for tax positions for current year Additions for tax positions for prior years Reduction for tax positions for prior years Lapse of the applicable statute of limitations Reduction as a result of settlement Balance at December 31, 2018 Additions for tax positions for current year Additions for tax positions for prior years Reduction for tax positions for prior years Lapse of the applicable statute of limitations Reduction as a result of settlement Balance at December 31, 2019 Additions for tax positions for current year Additions for tax positions for prior years Reduction for tax positions for prior years Lapse of the applicable statute of limitations Reduction as a result of settlement Balance at December 31, 2020 19. Employee Compensation and Benefit Plans Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit Interest and Penalties Total $ $ $ $ 11,505 $ 4,171 631 (1,865) (435) (1,318) 12,689 $ 3,712 63 (884) (1,826) (1,142) 12,612 $ 5,051 1,765 (730) (1,100) (1,108) 16,490 $ 1,178 $ — 823 (243) (86) (222) 1,450 $ — 826 (524) (569) (17) 1,166 $ — 1,224 (69) (323) (219) 1,779 $ 12,683 4,171 1,454 (2,108) (521) (1,540) 14,139 3,712 889 (1,408) (2,395) (1,159) 13,778 5,051 2,989 (799) (1,423) (1,327) 18,269 Our employee compensation and benefit plans include: (i) Incentive Compensation Plan; (ii) Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan; (iii) Retention Program; (iv) Warrant Incentive Plan; (v) Deferred Compensation Plan; (vi) 401(k) and ESOP; (vii) SVB Leerink Incentive Compensation Plan; (viii) SVB Leerink Retention Award; (ix) EHOP; (x) 2006 Incentive Plan; and (xi) ESPP. The 2006 Incentive Plan and the ESPP are described in Note 4—“Share-Based Compensation.” 166 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) A summary of expenses incurred under certain employee compensation and benefit plans for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Incentive Compensation Plan Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan Retention Program Warrant Incentive Plan SVBFG 401(k) Plan SVBFG ESOP SVB Leerink Incentive Compensation Plan SVB Leerink Retention Award Incentive Compensation Plan $ 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 193,004 $ 37,681 — 33,921 29,939 5,807 233,145 12,991 143,888 $ 37,315 2,438 14,881 25,687 4,197 106,871 12,015 160,293 40,578 1,438 9,112 21,323 6,435 — — Our Incentive Compensation Plan (“ICP”) is an annual cash incentive plan that rewards performance based on our financial results and other performance criteria. Awards are made based on company performance, the employee's target bonus level and management's assessment of individual employee performance. Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan The Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan (“Direct Drive”) is an annual sales cash incentive program. Awards are based on sales teams' performance as to predetermined financial targets and other company/individual performance criteria. Actual awards for each sales team member under Direct Drive are based on: (i) the actual results and financial performance with respect to the incentive gross profit targets; (ii) the sales team payout targets; and (iii) the sales team member's sales position and team payout allocation. Retention Program The Retention Program (“RP”) is a long-term incentive plan that allows designated employees to share directly in our investment success. Plan participants were granted an interest in the distributions of gains from certain designated investments made by us during the applicable year. Specifically, participants share in: (i) returns from designated investments made by us, including investments in certain venture capital and private equity funds, debt funds and direct equity investments in companies; (ii) net income realized from the exercise of, and the subsequent sale of shares obtained through the exercise of, warrants held by us; and (iii) other designated amounts as determined by us. Since 2009, no new participants have been added and no new investments have been designated to the plan. The final distributions under this program were made during 2020 and we did not incur any expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020. Warrant Incentive Plan The Warrant Incentive Plan provides individual and team awards to those employees who negotiate warrants on our behalf. Designated participants, as determined by the Company, share in the cash proceeds received by the Company from the exercise of equity warrant assets. Deferred Compensation Plan Under the Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DC Plan”), eligible employees may elect to defer up to 50 percent of their base salary and/or up to 100 percent of any eligible bonus payment earned during the plan year. Any amounts deferred under the DC Plan will be invested and administered by us (or such person we designate). We generally do not match employee deferrals to the DC Plan. From time to time, we may also offer deferred special retention incentives and employer contributions under this plan to key plan participants. The deferred incentives and employer contributions are eligible for investment in the DC Plan during the retention qualifying period or vesting period. 167 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Voluntary deferrals under the DC Plan were $5.8 million $6.9 million and $5.5 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The DC Plan overall, had investment gains of $8.5 million, gains of $6.9 million and losses of $1.7 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 401(k) and ESOP The 401(k) Plan and ESOP, collectively referred to as the “Plan”, is a combined 401(k) tax-deferred savings plan and employee stock ownership plan in which all regular U.S. employees are eligible to participate. Employees participating in the 401(k) Plan are allowed to contribute up to 75 percent of their pre-tax pay as defined in the Plan, up to the maximum annual amount allowable under federal income tax regulations of $19,500 for 2020, $19,000 for 2019, and $18,500 for 2018. We match the employee's contributions dollar-for-dollar, up to five percent of the employee's pre-tax pay as defined in the Plan. Our matching contributions vest immediately. The amount of salary deferred, up to the allowed maximum, is not subject to federal or state income taxes at the time of deferral. Discretionary ESOP contributions, based on our company performance, are made by us to all eligible individuals employed by us on the last day of the fiscal year. We may elect to contribute cash or our common stock (or a combination of cash and stock), in an amount not exceeding ten percent of the employee's eligible pay earned in the fiscal year. The ESOP contributions vest in equal annual increments over a participant's first five years of service (thereafter, all subsequent ESOP contributions are fully vested). SVB Leerink Incentive Compensation Plan Our SVB Leerink Incentive Compensation Plan is an annual cash incentive plan that rewards performance of SVB Leerink employees based on SVB Leerink's financial results. This plan requires employees who exceed certain compensation levels to defer a portion of their compensation, of which, 25% will be settled in the form of restricted stock units and 75% will be settled in the form of cash. The deferred compensation vests over a period of up to five years. SVB Leerink Retention Award The SVB Leerink Retention Award is an incentive award that granted designated SVB Leerink employees restricted stock awards and cash after the close of the acquisition of SVB Leerink in January 2019. The aggregate amount of the awards was $60 million, of which 50% will be settled in the form of cash and 50% in the form of restricted stock awards. The awards vest in equal annual increments over five years. EHOP Program The EHOP is a benefit plan that provides for the issuance of mortgage loans to eligible employees. Eligible employees may apply for either an adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) or a fixed rate loan for their primary residence. The ARM is a 30 year loan and has an initial fixed interest rate for five, seven or ten years after which a floating rate will be set annually. The fixed rate loan program offers a 15 or 30 years loan and the interest rate is fixed for the life of the loan. Applicants must qualify for a loan through the normal mortgage review and approval process, which is typical of industry standards. The maximum loan amount generally cannot be greater than 85 percent of the lesser of the purchase price or the appraised value. The interest rate on the fixed-rate loan is written at SVB Private Bank client mortgage rates and determined at SVB's discretion. Floating rates applied at the end of the fixed-rate period will be reset annually at 12 month LIBOR plus two and one quarter percent. For additional details, see Note 9—“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses: Loans and Unfunded Credit Commitments.'' 20. Related Parties We have no material related party transactions requiring disclosure. In the ordinary course of business, the Bank may extend credit to related parties, including executive officers, directors, principal shareholders and their related interests. Additionally, we also provide real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP. For additional details, see Note 19—“Employee Compensation and Benefit Plans.” 21. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments In the normal course of business, we use financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commercial and standby letters of credit and commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity fund investments. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk. Credit risk is defined as the possibility of sustaining a loss because other parties to the financial instrument fail to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract. 168 Table of Contents Commitments to Extend Credit SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) A commitment to extend credit is a formal agreement to lend funds to a client as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the agreement. Such commitments generally have fixed expiration dates, or other termination clauses, and usually require a fee paid by the client upon us issuing the commitment. The following table summarizes information related to our commitments to extend credit at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively: (Dollars in thousands) Loan commitments (1) Commercial and standby letters of credit (2) Total unfunded credit commitments Allowance for unfunded credit commitments (3) $ $ December 31, 2020 2019 28,975,133 $ 3,007,118 31,982,251 $ 120,796 21,743,359 2,778,561 24,521,920 67,656 (1) Represents commitments which are available for funding, due to clients meeting all collateral, compliance and financial covenants required under loan commitment agreements. See below for additional information on our commercial and standby letters of credit. (2) (3) Our allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments includes an allowance for both our unfunded loan commitments and our letters of credit. Our potential exposure to credit loss for commitments to extend credit, in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument, is the contractual amount of the available unused loan commitment. We use the same credit approval and monitoring process in extending credit commitments as we do in making loans. The actual liquidity needs and the credit risk that we have experienced have historically been lower than the contractual amount of commitments to extend credit because a significant portion of these commitments expire without being drawn upon. We evaluate each potential borrower and the necessary collateral on an individual basis. The type of collateral varies, but may include real property, intellectual property, bank deposits or business and personal assets. The credit risk associated with these commitments is considered in the allowance for unfunded credit commitments. Commercial and Standby Letters of Credit Commercial and standby letters of credit represent conditional commitments issued by us on behalf of a client to guarantee the performance of the client to a third party when certain specified future events have occurred. Commercial letters of credit are issued primarily for inventory purchases by a client and are typically short-term in nature. We provide two types of standby letters of credit: performance and financial standby letters of credit. Performance standby letters of credit are issued to guarantee the performance of a client to a third party when certain specified future events have occurred and are primarily used to support performance instruments such as bid bonds, performance bonds, lease obligations, repayment of loans and past due notices. Financial standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by us to guarantee the payment by a client to a third party (beneficiary) and are primarily used to support many types of domestic and international payments. These standby letters of credit have fixed expiration dates and generally require a fee to be paid by the client at the time we issue the commitment. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved with extending credit commitments to clients, and accordingly, we use a credit evaluation process and collateral requirements similar to those for credit commitments. Our standby letters of credit often are cash secured by our clients. The actual liquidity needs and the credit risk that we have experienced historically have been lower than the contractual amount of letters of credit issued because a significant portion of these conditional commitments expire without being drawn upon. The table below summarizes our commercial and standby letters of credit at December 31, 2020. The maximum potential amount of future payments represents the amount that could be remitted under letters of credit if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties, without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from the collateral held or pledged. (Dollars in thousands) Financial standby letters of credit Performance standby letters of credit Commercial letters of credit Total Expires In One Year or Less Expires After One Year Total Amount Outstanding Maximum Amount of Future Payments $ $ 2,807,942 $ 108,681 4,366 2,920,989 $ 66,641 $ 19,488 — 86,129 $ 2,874,583 $ 128,169 4,366 3,007,118 $ 2,874,583 128,169 4,366 3,007,118 169 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Deferred fees related to financial and performance standby letters of credit were $16.9 million at December 31, 2020 and $17.2 million at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2020, collateral in the form of cash of $1.7 billion was available to us to reimburse losses, if any, under financial and performance standby letters of credit. Commitments to Invest in Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds We make commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity funds, which generally makes investments in privately-held companies. Commitments to invest in these funds are generally made for a 10-year period from the inception of the fund. Although the limited partnership agreements governing these investments typically do not restrict the general partners from calling 100% of committed capital in one year, it is customary for these funds to call most of the capital commitments over 5 to 7 years, and in certain cases, the funds may not call 100% of committed capital. The actual timing of future cash requirements to fund these commitments is generally dependent upon the investment cycle, overall market conditions, and the nature and type of industry in which the privately held companies operate. The following table details our total capital commitments, unfunded capital commitments, and our ownership percentage in each fund at December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) CP II, LP (1) Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP Growth Partners, LP Strategic Investors Fund, LP Strategic Investors Fund II, LP Strategic Investors Fund III, LP Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP Strategic Investors Fund V funds Other venture capital and private equity fund investments (equity method accounting) Debt funds (equity method accounting) Other fund investments (2) Total $ SVBFG Capital Commitments SVBFG Unfunded Commitments SVBFG Ownership of each Fund $ 1,200 $ 12,688 24,670 15,300 15,000 15,000 12,239 515 25,232 58,733 277,301 457,878 $ 162 — 1,340 688 1,050 1,275 2,325 131 5,566 211 9,335 22,083 5.1 % 20.0 33.0 12.6 8.6 5.9 5.0 Various Various Various Various (1) Our ownership includes direct ownership of 1.3 percent and indirect ownership of 3.8 percent through our investment in Strategic Investors Fund II, LP. (2) Represents commitments to 168 funds (primarily venture capital funds) where our ownership interest is generally less than five of the voting interests of each such fund. The following table details the amounts of remaining unfunded commitments to venture capital and private equity funds by our consolidated managed funds of funds (including our interest and the noncontrolling interests) at December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) Strategic Investors Fund, LP Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP Growth Partners, LP Total Unfunded Commitments 196 1,516 2,549 4,261 $ $ 170 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) 22. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair Value Measurements Our available-for-sale securities, derivative instruments and certain non-marketable and other equity securities are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. We make estimates regarding valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value in preparing our consolidated financial statements. The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) Assets Available-for-sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities Non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting): Non-marketable securities: Venture capital and private equity fund investments measured at net asset value Other equity securities in public companies Total non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting) Other assets: Foreign exchange forward and option contracts Equity warrant assets Client interest rate derivatives Total assets Liabilities Foreign exchange forward and option contracts Client interest rate derivatives Total liabilities $ $ $ 171 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 4,469,728 $ — $ — 24,492 237,307 — — $ — — 4,469,728 237,307 24,492 — — — — — — — 13,503,681 8,106,564 4,570,666 30,912,438 273,823 280,804 554,627 — — — 4,494,220 13,503,681 8,106,564 4,570,666 26,418,218 — 237,460 237,460 — 43,344 43,344 — — — 4,537,564 $ 216,977 11,221 67,854 26,951,730 $ — 192,217 — 192,217 $ 216,977 203,438 67,854 31,955,334 — $ — — $ 210,833 $ 26,646 237,479 $ — $ — — $ 210,833 26,646 237,479 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019: (Dollars in thousands) Assets Available-for-sale securities: U.S. Treasury securities U.S. agency debentures Foreign government debt securities Residential mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities Total available-for-sale securities Non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting): Non-marketable securities: Venture capital and private equity fund investments measured at net asset value Venture capital and private equity fund investments not measured at net asset value (1) Other equity securities in public companies Total non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting) Other assets: Foreign exchange forward and option contracts Equity warrant assets Interest rate swaps Client interest rate derivatives Total assets Liabilities Foreign exchange forward and option contracts Interest rate swaps Client interest rate derivatives Total liabilities Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 6,894,010 $ — $ — 9,038 — — — 6,903,048 — — 17,290 17,290 — — — — $ $ $ 6,920,338 $ — $ — — — $ 99,547 — 4,148,791 1,538,343 1,325,190 7,111,871 — — 41,910 41,910 115,854 4,435 22,676 28,811 7,325,557 $ 98,207 $ 25,623 14,154 137,984 $ — $ — — 6,894,010 99,547 9,038 — — — — — 134 — 134 4,148,791 1,538,343 1,325,190 14,014,919 265,263 134 59,200 324,597 — 161,038 — — 161,172 $ 115,854 165,473 22,676 28,811 14,672,330 — $ — — — $ 98,207 25,623 14,154 137,984 (1) Included in Level 3 assets is $120 thousand attributable to noncontrolling interests calculated based on the ownership percentages of the noncontrolling interests. 172 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table presents additional information about Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively: (Dollars in thousands) Year ended December 31, 2020: Non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments not measured at net asset value (1) Other assets: Equity warrant assets (2) Total assets Year ended December 31, 2019: Non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments not measured at net asset value (1) Other assets: Equity warrant assets (2) Total assets Year ended December 31, 2018: Non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments not measured at net asset value (1) Other assets: Equity warrant assets (2) Total assets Beginning Balance Total Net Gains (Losses) Included in Net Income Purchases Sales/Exits Issuances Distributions and Other Settlements Transfers Out of Level 3 Ending Balance $ $ $ $ $ $ 134 $ (30) $ — $ (104) $ — $ 161,038 228,944 161,172 $ 228,914 $ — — (214,933) 19,014 $ (215,037) $ 19,014 $ — $ — — $ — $ — (1,846) (1,846) $ 192,217 192,217 1,079 $ 12 $ — $ (960) $ — $ 3 $ — $ 134 145,199 133,910 146,278 $ 133,922 $ 575 575 (130,392) 16,453 $ (131,352) $ 16,453 $ — 3 $ (4,707) (4,707) $ 161,038 161,172 919 $ 457 $ — $ — $ — $ (297) $ — $ 1,079 121,331 87,982 122,250 $ 88,439 $ — — (78,752) 17,941 — (3,303) $ (78,752) $ 17,941 $ (297) $ (3,303) $ 145,199 146,278 (1) (2) Realized and unrealized gains (losses) are recorded in the line item “Gains on investment securities, net,” a component of noninterest income. Realized and unrealized gains (losses) are recorded in the line item “Gains on equity warrant assets, net,” a component of noninterest income. 173 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) The following table presents the amount of unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings (which is inclusive of noncontrolling interest) attributable to Level 3 assets still held at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively: (Dollars in thousands) Non-marketable and other equity securities (fair value accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments not measured at net asset value (1) Other assets: Equity warrant assets (2) Total unrealized gains, net Unrealized losses attributable to noncontrolling interests (1) Year ended December 31, 2020 2019 $ $ $ — $ 54,417 54,417 $ — $ (222) 34,691 34,469 (199) (1) Unrealized gains are recorded in the line item “Gains on investment securities, net,” a component of noninterest income. (2) Unrealized gains are recorded in the line item “Gains on equity warrant assets, net,” a component of noninterest income. The extent to which any unrealized gains or losses will become realized is subject to a variety of factors, including, among other things, the expiration of current sales restrictions to which these securities are subject, the actual sales of securities and the timing of such actual sales. The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for certain of our Level 3 fair value measurements at December 31, 2020 and 2019. We have not included in this table our venture capital and private equity fund investments (fair value accounting) as we use net asset value per share (as obtained from the general partners of the investments) as a practical expedient to determine fair value. (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: Fair Value Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Input Rage Weighted Average Equity warrant assets (public portfolio) $ 1,036 Black-Scholes option pricing model Equity warrant assets (private portfolio) 191,181 Black-Scholes option pricing model December 31, 2019: Venture capital and private equity fund investments (fair value accounting) Equity warrant assets (public portfolio) $ 134 Private company equity pricing 346 Black-Scholes option pricing model Equity warrant assets (private portfolio) 160,692 Black-Scholes option pricing model Volatility Risk-Free interest rate Sales restrictions discount (2) Volatility Risk-Free interest rate Marketability discount (3) Remaining life assumption (4) 46.0% - 56.8% 0.3 - 0.9 10.0- 20.0 24.4 - 56.8 0.01 - 0.5 20.6 40.0 (1) (1) Volatility Risk-Free interest rate Sales restrictions discount (2) Volatility Risk-Free interest rate Marketability discount (3) Remaining life assumption (4) 39.2% - 54.8% 1.9 10.0 - 20.0 23.6- 54.8 0.5 - 1.9 17.5 45.0 49.1 % 0.6 10.2 43.2 0.1 20.6 40.0 (1) 50.7 % 1.9 13.6 38.2 1.6 17.5 45.0 (1) In determining the fair value of our venture capital and private equity fund investment portfolio (not measured at net asset value), we evaluate a variety of factors related to each underlying private portfolio company including, but not limited to, actual and forecasted results, cash position, recent or planned transactions and market comparable companies. Additionally, we have ongoing communication with the portfolio companies and venture capital fund managers, to determine whether there is a material change in fair value. We use company provided valuation reports, if available, to support our valuation assumptions. These factors are specific to each portfolio company and a weighted average or range of values of the unobservable inputs is not meaningful. 174 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (2) We adjust quoted market prices of public companies, which are subject to certain sales restrictions. Sales restriction discounts generally range from 10 percent to 20 percent depending on the duration of the sales restrictions which typically range from three to six months. (3) Our marketability discount is applied to all private company warrants to account for a general lack of liquidity due to the private nature of the associated underlying company. The quantitative measure used is based upon various option-pricing models. On a quarterly basis, a sensitivity analysis is performed on our marketability discount. (4) We adjust the contractual remaining term of private company warrants based on our estimate of the actual remaining life, which we determine by utilizing historical data on terminations and exercises. At December 31, 2020, the weighted average contractual remaining term was 6.0 years, compared to our estimated remaining life of 2.4 years. On a quarterly basis, a sensitivity analysis is performed on our remaining life assumption. During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we did not have any transfers between Level 3 and Level 1. All other transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 during 2020, 2019 and 2018 were due to the transfer of equity warrant assets from our private portfolio to our public portfolio (see our Level 3 reconciliation above). 175 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value FASB guidance over financial instruments requires that we disclose estimated fair values for our financial instruments not carried at fair value. The following fair value hierarchy table presents the estimated fair values of our financial instruments that are not carried at fair value at December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: Financial assets: Carrying Amount Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Estimated Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents Held-to-maturity securities Non-marketable securities not measured at net asset value Non-marketable securities measured at net asset value Net commercial loans Net consumer loans FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock $ 17,674,763 $ 16,592,153 240,761 390,658 39,886,296 4,847,427 61,232 17,674,763 $ 17,216,871 240,761 390,658 40,412,490 4,911,451 61,232 — — — — — — 17,674,763 $ — $ 17,216,871 — — — — — 20,553 — 501,853 382,855 563,840 — — 240,761 — 40,412,490 4,911,451 61,232 — — — — — 20,553 101,293,346 688,461 348,348 495,280 20,553 101,293,346 501,853 382,855 563,840 — 101,293,346 — — — — 36,672 — — 36,672 Financial liabilities: Short-term borrowings Non-maturity deposits (1) Time deposits 3.50% Senior Notes 3.125% Senior Notes Off-balance sheet financial assets: Commitments to extend credit December 31, 2019: Financial assets: Cash and cash equivalents Held-to-maturity securities Non-marketable securities not measured at net asset value Non-marketable securities measured at net asset value Net commercial loans Net consumer loans FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock Financial liabilities: Short-term borrowings Non-maturity deposits (1) Time deposits 3.50% Senior Notes Off-balance sheet financial assets: Commitments to extend credit $ 6,781,783 $ 6,781,783 $ 6,781,783 $ — $ 13,842,946 195,405 235,351 29,104,532 3,755,180 60,258 17,430 61,569,714 188,093 347,987 14,115,272 195,405 235,351 29,615,176 3,820,804 60,258 17,430 61,569,714 187,980 366,856 — — — — — — — 61,569,714 — — 14,115,272 — — — — — 17,430 — 187,980 366,856 — — 195,405 — 29,615,176 3,820,804 60,258 — — — — — 27,197 — — 27,197 (1) Includes noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing checking accounts, money market accounts and interest-bearing sweep deposits. Investments in Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share FASB guidance over certain fund investments requires that we disclose the fair value of funds, significant investment strategies of the investees, redemption features of the investees, restrictions on the ability to sell investments, estimate of the period of time over which the underlying assets are expected to be liquidated by the investee, and unfunded commitments related to the investments. Our investments in debt funds and venture capital and private equity fund investments generally cannot be redeemed. Alternatively, we expect distributions, if any, to be received primarily through IPOs and M&A activity of the 176 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) underlying assets of the fund. Subject to applicable requirements under the Volcker Rule, we do not have any plans to sell any of these fund investments. If we decide to sell these investments in the future, the investee fund’s management must approve of the buyer before the sale of the investments can be completed. The fair values of the fund investments have been estimated using the net asset value per share of the investments, adjusted for any differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment’s net asset value by using the most recently available financial information from the investee general partner, for example September 30 , for our December 31 consolidated financial statements, adjusted for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment, and significant fund transactions or market events during the reporting period. th st The following table is a summary of the estimated fair values of these investments and remaining unfunded commitments for each major category of these investments as of December 31, 2020: (Dollars in thousands) Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments (1) Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting): Venture capital and private equity fund investments (2) Debt funds (2) Other investments (2) Total Carrying Amount Fair Value Unfunded Commitments $ $ 273,823 $ 273,823 $ 12,709 362,192 5,444 23,023 664,482 $ 362,192 5,444 23,023 664,482 $ 10,509 211 886 24,315 (1) (2) Venture capital and private equity fund investments within non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) include investments made by our managed funds of funds and one of our direct venture funds (consolidated VIEs) and investments in venture capital and private equity fund investments (unconsolidated VIEs). Collectively, these investments in venture capital and private equity funds are primarily in U.S. and global technology and life science/healthcare companies. Included in the fair value and unfunded commitments of fund investments under fair value accounting are $66.2 million and $3.1 million, respectively, attributable to noncontrolling interests. It is estimated that we will receive distributions from the fund investments over the next 10 to 13 years, depending on the age of the funds and any potential extensions of terms of the funds. Venture capital and private equity fund investments, debt funds and other fund investments within non-marketable securities (equity method accounting) include funds that invest in or lend money to primarily U.S. and global technology and life science/healthcare companies. It is estimated that we will receive distributions from the funds over the next 5 to 8 years, depending on the age of the funds and any potential extensions of the terms of the funds. 23. Regulatory Matters SVB Financial and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital adequacy requirements administered by the Federal Reserve Board and the DFPI. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 required that the federal regulatory agencies adopt regulations defining five capital categories for banks: well-capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized. In July 2013, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency published final rules establishing a comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations (the “Capital Rules”), which implement the Basel III regulatory capital reforms and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act. “Basel III” refers to the internationally agreed regulatory capital framework adopted by the Basel Committee. There are three categories of capital under the Basel III standards; CET 1, additional Tier 1 and Tier 2. CET 1 includes common stock plus related surplus and retained earnings, less certain deductions. Additional Tier 1 capital includes qualifying preferred stock and trust preferred securities, less certain deductions. Additional Tier 1, together with CET 1, equal total Tier 1 capital. Tier 2 capital includes primarily certain qualifying unsecured subordinated debt and qualifying allowances for loan and lease losses. Tier 1 capital together with Tier 2 capital equal total capital. Under the Capital Rules, the minimum capital ratios applicable to SVB Financial and the Bank are as follows: 4.5% CET1 capital, 6.0% Tier 1 capital, 8.0% Total capital and 4.0% Tier 1 leverage. In addition, banking organizations must meet a 2.5% CET1 risk-based capital conservation buffer requirement in order to avoid constraints on capital distributions, such as dividends and equity repurchases, and certain bonus compensation for executive officers. The severity of the constraints 177 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) would depend on the amount of the shortfall and the banking organization’s “eligible retained income” (that is, four-quarter trailing net income, net of distributions and tax effects not reflected in net income). As of December 31, 2020, both SVB Financial and the Bank exceed the required ratios under the Capital Rules and were considered “well-capitalized” for regulatory purposes under existing capital guidelines as well. The following table presents the capital ratios for the Company and the Bank under federal regulatory guidelines, compared to the minimum regulatory capital requirements, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020: CET 1 risk-based capital: SVB Financial Bank Tier 1 risk-based capital: SVB Financial Bank Total risk-based capital: SVB Financial Bank Tier 1 leverage: SVB Financial Bank December 31, 2019: CET 1 risk-based capital: SVB Financial Bank Tier 1 risk-based capital: SVB Financial Bank Total risk-based capital: SVB Financial Bank Tier 1 leverage: SVB Financial Bank Capital Ratios Required Minimum (1) Actual Well Capitalized Minimum Actual Capital Amounts Required Minimum (1) Well Capitalized Minimum 11.04 % 10.70 11.89 10.70 12.64 11.49 7.45 6.43 12.58 % 11.12 13.43 11.12 14.23 11.96 9.06 7.30 7.0 % 7.0 N/A $ 6.5 7,138,006 $ 6,530,167 4,527,647 4,271,642 $ N/A 3,966,525 8.5 8.5 10.5 10.5 4.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 N/A 5.0 7,691,936 6,530,167 8,175,430 7,013,630 7,691,936 6,530,167 5,497,857 5,186,994 6,791,470 6,407,463 4,128,596 4,060,180 3,880,840 4,881,877 6,468,066 6,102,346 N/A 5,075,225 7.0 % 7.0 N/A $ 6.5 5,857,744 $ 4,949,393 3,260,424 3,115,151 $ N/A 2,892,640 8.5 8.5 10.5 10.5 4.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 N/A 5.0 6,257,442 4,949,393 6,630,022 5,321,850 6,257,442 4,949,393 3,959,086 3,782,683 4,890,636 4,672,726 2,763,146 2,713,367 2,794,649 3,560,172 4,657,748 4,450,215 N/A 3,391,709 N/A "Well-Capitalized Minimum" CET 1 risk-based capital and Tier 1 leverage ratios are not formally defined under applicable banking regulations for bank holding companies. (1) The percentages represent the minimum capital ratios plus, the fully phased-in 2.5% CET1 capital conservation buffer under the Capital Rules. 178 Table of Contents 24. Segment Reporting SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) We have four reportable segments for management reporting purposes: Global Commercial Bank, SVB Private Bank, SVB Capital and SVB Leerink. The results of our operating segments are based on our internal management reporting process. Our Global Commercial Bank and SVB Private Bank segments primary source of revenue is from net interest income, which is primarily the difference between interest earned on loans, net of funds transfer pricing ("FTP") and interest paid on deposits, net of FTP. Accordingly, these segments are reported using net interest income, net of FTP. FTP is an internal measurement framework designed to assess the financial impact of a financial institution’s sources and uses of funds. It is the mechanism by which an earnings credit is given for deposits raised, and an earnings charge is made for funded loans. FTP is calculated at an instrument level based on account characteristics. We also evaluate performance based on provision for credit losses, noninterest income and noninterest expense, which are presented as components of segment operating profit or loss. In calculating each operating segment’s noninterest expense, we consider the direct costs incurred by the operating segment as well as certain allocated direct costs. As part of this review, we allocate certain corporate overhead costs to a corporate account. We do not allocate income tax expense or the provision for unfunded credit commitments (included in provision for credit losses) to our segments. Additionally, our management reporting model is predicated on average asset balances; therefore, period-end asset balances are not presented for segment reporting purposes. Changes in an individual client’s primary relationship designation have resulted, and in the future may result, in the inclusion of certain clients in different segments in different periods. Unlike financial reporting, which benefits from the comprehensive structure provided by GAAP, our internal management reporting process is highly subjective, as there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. Our management reporting process measures the performance of our operating segments based on our internal operating structure, which is subject to change from time to time, and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial services companies. For reporting purposes, SVB Financial Group has four operating segments for which we report our financial information: • • • • Global Commercial Bank is comprised of results from the following: ◦ Our Commercial Bank products and services are provided by the Bank and its subsidiaries to commercial clients in key innovation markets. The Bank provides solutions to the financial needs of commercial clients through credit, treasury management, foreign exchange, trade finance and other services. In addition, the Bank and its subsidiaries offer a variety of investment services and solutions to its clients that enable them to effectively manage their assets. Our Global Fund Banking (formerly Private Equity) Division provides banking products and services primarily to our private equity and venture capital clients. SVB Wine provides banking products and services to our premium wine industry clients, including vineyard development loans. Debt Fund Investments is comprised of our investments in certain debt funds in which we are a strategic investor. ◦ ◦ ◦ SVB Private Bank is the private banking and wealth management division of the Bank and provides a broad array of personal financial solutions for its clients, which are primarily executive leaders and senior investment professionals in the innovation economy. We offer a customized approach to private wealth management and private banking services including residential real property lending, stock secured loans and other lending products alongside a full suite of cash management and deposit products and online/remote banking and service capabilities. In addition, we provide real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP. SVB Capital is the funds management business of SVB Financial Group, which focuses primarily on venture capital investments. SVB Capital manages funds (primarily venture capital funds) on behalf of third-party limited partners and, on a more limited basis, SVB Financial Group. The SVB Capital family of funds is comprised of direct venture funds that invest in companies and funds of funds that invest in other venture capital funds. SVB Capital generates income for the Company primarily from investment returns (including carried interest allocations) and management fees. SVB Leerink is an investment bank specializing in the equity and convertible capital markets, mergers and acquisitions, equity research and sales and trading for growth and innovation-minded healthcare and life science companies and operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of SVB Financial. SVB Leerink provides investment banking services across all subsectors of healthcare including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, diagnostic and life science tools, healthcare services and digital health. SVB Leerink focuses on two primary lines of business: (i) investment banking focused on providing companies with capital-raising services, financial advice 179 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) on mergers and acquisitions, sales and trading services and equity research, and (ii) sponsorship of private investment funds. The summary financial results of our operating segments are presented along with a reconciliation to our consolidated results. Our segment information for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Year ended December 31, 2020 Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense (3) Income (loss) before income tax expense (4) Total average loans, amortized cost Total average assets (5) (6) Total average deposits Year ended December 31, 2019 Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense (3) Income (loss) before income tax expense (4) Total average loans, amortized cost Total average assets (5) (6) Total average deposits Year ended December 31, 2018 Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income (7) Noninterest expense (3) Income (loss) before income tax expense (4) Total average loans, amortized cost Total average assets (5) (8) Total average deposits Global Commercial Bank (1) SVB Private Bank SVB Capital (1) SVB Leerink (1) Other Items (2) Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,025,240 $ (165,987) 605,733 (1,019,995) 1,444,991 $ 31,218,037 $ 75,034,226 72,127,148 1,850,391 $ (91,814) 637,922 (874,854) 1,521,645 $ 77,490 $ (21,329) 3,536 (46,099) 13,598 $ 4,195,804 $ 4,229,818 2,171,556 30 $ — 225,954 (50,589) 175,395 $ 578 $ — 495,976 (378,970) 117,584 $ — $ — $ 437,132 — 556,778 — 52,946 $ (32,194) 508,949 (539,388) (9,687) $ 1,852,135 $ 5,533,705 716,726 51,022 $ (2,369) 3,366 (40,151) 11,868 $ 38 $ — 122,394 (30,798) 91,634 $ 1,252 $ — 264,516 (252,678) 193,898 $ (12,233) 193,281 (402,781) 13,090 $ (27,835) $ 26,031,284 $ 56,043,321 53,053,665 3,341,188 $ 3,371,052 1,524,232 — $ — $ 543,735 $ 405,152 — 397,650 — 2,994,455 479,053 1,623,488 $ (80,953) 520,302 (793,159) 1,269,678 $ 64,902 $ (3,339) 2,281 (25,064) 38,780 $ 22,354,305 $ 48,854,416 46,039,570 2,850,271 $ 2,871,743 1,502,308 23 $ — 101,181 (22,792) 78,412 $ — $ 380,543 — — $ — — — — $ — $ — — 205,575 $ (3,578) 121,220 (347,178) (23,961) $ 425,944 $ 3,122,358 533,466 2,156,284 (219,510) 1,840,148 (2,035,041) 1,741,881 37,265,976 85,791,659 75,015,430 2,096,601 (106,416) 1,221,479 (1,601,262) 1,610,402 29,916,207 63,211,630 55,056,950 1,893,988 (87,870) 744,984 (1,188,193) 1,362,909 25,630,520 55,229,060 48,075,344 (1) Global Commercial Bank’s, SVB Capital’s and SVB Leerink's components of net interest income, noninterest income, noninterest expense and total average (2) (3) assets are shown net of noncontrolling interests for all periods presented. Noncontrolling interest is included within "Other Items." The "Other Items" column reflects the adjustments necessary to reconcile the results of the operating segments to the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP. Net interest income consists primarily of interest earned from our fixed income investment portfolio, net of FTP. Noninterest income consists primarily of gains or losses on equity warrant assets, gains or losses on the sale of AFS securities and gains or losses on equity securities from exercised warrant assets. Noninterest expense consists primarily of expenses associated with corporate support functions such as finance, human resources, marketing, legal and other expenses. The Global Commercial Bank segment includes direct depreciation and amortization of $25.3 million, $20.4 million and $21.8 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 180 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) The internal reporting model used by management to assess segment performance does not calculate income tax expense by segment. Our effective tax rate is a reasonable approximation of the segment rates. Total average assets equal the greater of total average assets or the sum of total average liabilities and total average stockholders’ equity for each segment to reconcile the results to the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP. Included in the total average assets for SVB Leerink is goodwill of $137.8 million for both the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2018, amounts of client investment fees included in the line item "Noninterest Income" previously reported as "Other Items" have been correctly allocated to our reportable segment "Global Commercial Bank" to properly reflect the source of such revenue. The correction of this immaterial error had no impact on the "Total" amount of noninterest income. For the year ended December 31, 2018, amounts for average assets previously reported as "Other Items" have been correctly allocated to the reportable segments "Global Commercial Bank" and “SVB Private Bank” to properly reflect the greater of total average assets or the sum of total average liabilities and total average stockholders’ equity for “Global Commercial Bank” and “SVB Private Bank.” The correction of this immaterial error had no impact on the "Total" amount of average assets. 25. Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information The condensed balance sheets of SVB Financial at December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related condensed statements of income, comprehensive income and cash flows for 2020, 2019 and 2018, are presented below: (Dollars in thousands) Assets: Cash and cash equivalents Investment securities Loans, amortized cost Lease right-of-use assets Other assets Investment in subsidiaries: Bank subsidiary Nonbank subsidiaries Total assets Liabilities and SVBFG stockholders’ equity: 3.125% Senior Notes 3.50% Senior Notes Lease liabilities Other liabilities Total liabilities SVBFG stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and SVBFG stockholders’ equity Condensed Balance Sheets December 31, 2020 2019 $ $ $ $ $ 670,738 $ 666,860 682 99,363 260,331 7,068,964 666,997 9,433,935 $ 495,280 $ 348,348 134,607 236,000 1,214,235 $ 8,219,700 9,433,935 $ 800,926 474,842 15,245 71,847 214,167 5,034,095 432,073 7,043,195 — 347,987 87,999 136,903 572,889 6,470,306 7,043,195 181 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Condensed Statements of Income (Dollars in thousands) Interest income Interest expense Dividend income from bank subsidiary Gains on equity warrant assets, net Gains on investment securities, net Fund management fees and other noninterest income General and administrative expenses Income tax expense Income before net income of subsidiaries Equity in undistributed net income of bank subsidiary Equity in undistributed net income of nonbank subsidiaries Net income before preferred stock dividend Preferred stock dividends Net income available to common stockholders 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ $ 2,849 $ (21,565) 50,000 226,942 157,594 62,046 (120,863) (145,790) 211,213 776,243 220,912 1,208,368 $ (17,151) 1,191,217 $ 4,473 $ (31,666) 733,000 138,078 45,345 21,567 (94,712) (40,218) 775,867 303,618 57,371 1,136,856 $ — 1,136,856 $ 3,307 (32,037) 140,000 89,142 13,546 26,388 (70,976) (14,383) 154,987 793,641 25,212 973,840 — 973,840 Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Dollars in thousands) Net income before preferred stock dividend Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: Foreign currency translation gains (losses) Changes in unrealized holding gains and losses on AFS securities Changes in fair value on bank cash flow hedges, net of reclassification adjustments in bank net income Equity in other comprehensive income (loss) of bank and nonbank subsidiaries Reclassifications to retained earnings for the adoption of new accounting guidance Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax Total comprehensive income 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 1,208,368 $ 1,136,856 $ 973,840 11,846 70 131,403 394,753 — 538,072 1,746,440 $ 2,319 2,310 (2,130) 136,066 — 138,565 1,275,421 $ $ (4,107) 120 — (19,171) (29,490) (52,648) 921,192 182 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Dollars in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income before preferred stock dividend Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: 2020 Year ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ 1,208,368 $ 1,136,856 $ 973,840 Gains on equity warrant assets, net Gains on investment securities, net Gains on derivatives, net Distributions of earnings from investment securities Net income of bank subsidiary Net income on nonbank subsidiaries Cash dividends from bank subsidiary Amortization of share-based compensation Decrease in other assets Increase in other liabilities Other, net Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Net decrease in investment securities from purchases, sales and maturities Net decrease (increase) in loans Increase in investment in bank subsidiary Capital infusion in bank subsidiary Decrease (increase) in investment in nonbank subsidiaries Business acquisitions Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Principal payments of long-term debt Proceeds from issuance of 3.125% Senior Notes Proceeds from issuance of common stock, ESPP and ESOP Net proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock Payment of preferred stock dividends Common stock repurchase Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 183 (226,942) (157,594) (30,018) 65,237 (826,243) (220,912) 50,000 83,986 17,189 98,209 13,206 74,486 122,823 14,563 (68,630) (700,000) 4,271 (26,700) (653,673) (138,078) (45,345) — 49,776 (1,036,618) (57,371) 733,000 66,815 27,205 21,391 8,084 765,715 128,635 (15,245) (42,952) — 23,275 (265,601) (171,888) — 495,024 31,146 — (17,151) (60,020) 448,999 (130,188) 800,926 670,738 $ (358,395) — 24,818 340,138 — (352,511) (345,950) 247,877 553,049 800,926 $ $ (89,142) (13,546) — 47,596 (933,641) (25,212) 140,000 45,675 51,169 21,619 (31,024) 187,334 73,742 — (31,292) — (5,323) — 37,127 — — 18,387 — — (147,123) (128,736) 95,725 457,324 553,049 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) 26. Unaudited Quarterly Financial Data Our supplemental consolidated financial information for each three month period in 2020 and 2019 are as follows: (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) 2020: Interest income Interest expense Net interest income Provision for (reduction) credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Income tax expense Net income before noncontrolling interests Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests Preferred stock dividends Net income available to common stockholders Earnings per common share—basic Earnings per common share—diluted 2019: Interest income Interest expense Net interest income Provision for credit losses Noninterest income Noninterest expense Income before income tax expense Income tax expense Net income before noncontrolling interests Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income available to common stockholders Earnings per common share—basic Earnings per common share—diluted 27. Legal Matters March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, Three months ended $ $ $ $ $ $ 567,402 $ 43,265 524,137 243,480 301,934 399,585 183,006 49,357 133,649 1,973 (3,369) 132,253 $ 2.56 $ 2.55 551,014 $ 38,128 512,886 28,551 280,376 365,664 399,047 107,435 291,612 (2,880) 288,732 $ 5.49 $ 5.44 523,523 $ 10,596 512,927 66,481 368,848 479,636 335,658 87,869 247,789 (14,260) (4,594) 228,935 $ 4.44 $ 4.42 585,767 $ 56,364 529,403 23,946 333,750 383,522 455,685 119,114 336,571 (18,584) 317,987 $ 6.12 $ 6.08 543,127 $ 15,387 527,740 (52,018) 547,583 491,021 636,320 162,265 474,055 (27,748) (4,594) 441,713 $ 8.53 $ 8.47 583,892 $ 63,248 520,644 36,536 294,009 391,324 386,793 105,075 281,718 (14,437) 267,281 $ 5.19 $ 5.15 607,558 16,078 591,480 (38,433) 621,783 664,799 586,897 148,096 438,801 (45,891) (4,594) 388,316 7.49 7.40 588,735 55,067 533,668 17,383 313,344 460,752 368,877 94,061 274,816 (11,960) 262,856 5.10 5.06 Certain lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business have been filed or are pending against us and/or our affiliates, and we may from time to time be involved in other legal or regulatory proceedings. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we establish accruals for all such matters, including expected settlements, when we believe it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. When a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, we do not establish an accrual. Any such loss estimates are inherently uncertain, based on currently available information and are subject to management’s judgment and various assumptions. Due to the inherent subjectivity of these estimates and unpredictability of outcomes of legal proceedings, any amounts accrued may not represent the ultimate resolution of such matters. To the extent we believe any potential loss relating to such matters may have a material impact on our liquidity, consolidated financial position, results of operations and/or our business as a whole and is reasonably possible but not probable, we aim to disclose information relating to such potential loss. We also aim to disclose information relating to any 184 Table of Contents SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued) material potential loss that is probable but not reasonably estimable. In such cases, where reasonably practicable, we aim to provide an estimate of loss or range of potential loss. No disclosures are generally made for any loss contingencies that are deemed to be remote. Based upon information available to us, our review of lawsuits and claims filed or pending against us to date and consultation with our outside legal counsel, we have not recognized a material liability for any such matters, nor do we currently expect that these matters will result in a material liability to the Company. However, the outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters is inherently uncertain, and it is possible that one or more of such matters currently pending or threatened could have an unanticipated material adverse effect on our liquidity, consolidated financial position, results of operations and/or our business as a whole, in the future. 28. Subsequent Events Merger Agreement On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a merger agreement with Boston Private (NASDAQ: BPFH) for total consideration of approximately $900 million, based on SIVB's closing price as of December 31, 2020. The merger consideration consists of $2.10 in cash and 0.0228 shares of SIVB common stock for each share of Boston Private common stock. Due to the fixed exchange ratio, the value of the consideration will change based on SIVB's stock price. The merger is expected to close in mid-2021 and is subject to regulatory approval. Series B Preferred Stock and Senior Notes Offerings On February 2, 2021, the Company issued depositary shares representing a 1/100th ownership interest in 750,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock with $0.001 par value and liquidation preferences of $100,000 per share, or $1,000 per depositary share. Dividends, if approved and declared by the Board of Directors, are payable quarterly, in arrears, at a rate per annum equal to (i) 4.10 percent from the original issue date to, but excluding, February 15, 2031 and (ii) for the February 15, 2031 dividend date and during each subsequent ten year period, the ten-year treasury rate (calculated three business days prior to each reset date as the five day average of the yields on actively traded U.S. treasury securities adjusted to constant maturity, for ten-year maturities) plus 3.064 percent. Concurrently with the offering of the Series B Preferred Stock, SVB Financial issued $500 million of 1.800% Senior Notes due February 2031, with interest nd payments starting August 2, 2021, and payable every February 2 and August 2 . The notes will be senior unsecured obligations of SVB Financial Group and will rank equally with all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. nd For both the Series B Preferred Stock and Senior Notes, we intend to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, which may include working capital, capital investments and expenditures, supporting capital ratios at the Bank and capitalizing other operating subsidiaries allowing continued support for Bank clients. Potential Fraudulent Client Activity The Company recently became aware of potentially fraudulent activity conducted by a client of the Bank in connection with a loan transaction funded in early February 2021. We are currently investigating this incident to determine our potential credit exposure, which is currently estimated to be up to $70 million, net of tax, relating to a Global Fund Banking capital call line of credit. Additionally, we are working with the appropriate law enforcement authorities in connection with this matter and intend to pursue all available sources of recovery and other measures to mitigate the potential loss. 185 Table of Contents ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES (a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, among other things, processes, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b). Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2020. (b) Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting at the Company. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company's financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that accurately and fairly reflect, in reasonable detail, transactions and dispositions of the company's assets, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorization of management and the directors of the company, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the Company's financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. As of December 31, 2020, the Company carried out an assessment, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-15(c), as adopted by the SEC under the Exchange Act. In evaluating the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting, management used the framework established in “Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013),” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective. KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. The report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, is included in "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" under Part II, Item 8 of this report under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.” (c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management's evaluation during the fourth quarter of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. 186 Table of Contents PART III. ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE The information set forth under the sections titled “Proposal No. 1-Election of Directors,” “Information on Executive Officers,” “Board Committees,” and “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” contained in the definitive proxy statement for SVB Financial's 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference. We have a Code of Conduct for the Principal Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers that applies to all of our directors, executive officers and senior financial officers as well as our U.S. employees. A copy of the Code of Conduct is available on our website at www.svb.com under “About Us-Investor Relations- Corporate Governance,” or can be obtained without charge by any person requesting it. To request a copy of our Code of Conduct, please contact: Corporate Secretary, SVB Financial Group, 3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, California 95054, or by telephone (408) 654-7400. We intend to disclose any waivers from our Code of Conduct granted to our directors, executive officers and senior financial officers, and any material substantive changes to our Code of Conduct by posting such information on our website. No such waivers or substantive changes were made during fiscal year 2020. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information set forth under the sections titled “Information on Executive Officers,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Compensation for Named Executive Officers,” “Compensation for Directors,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report” contained in the definitive proxy statement for SVB Financial's 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT, AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The information set forth under the sections titled “Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers” and “Security Ownership of Principal Stockholders” contained in the definitive proxy statement for SVB Financial's 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference. Our stockholders have approved each of our active equity compensation plans. The following table provides certain information as of December 31, 2020 with respect to our equity compensation plans: Plan category Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders Total Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (1) Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (2) 559,001 $ n/a 559,001 $ 191.29 n/a 191.29 3,852,966 n/a 3,852,966 (1) Represents options granted under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. This number does not include securities to be issued for unvested restricted stock units of 995,049 shares. (2) Includes shares available for issuance under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and 1,170,472 shares available for issuance under the 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. This amount excludes securities already granted under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (as discussed above). For additional information concerning our equity compensation plans, refer to Note 4—“Share-Based Compensation” of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this report. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The information set forth under the sections titled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Corporate Governance and Board Matters-Board Independence and Leadership” in the definitive proxy statement for SVB Financial's 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES The information set forth under the section titled “Principal Audit Fees and Services” contained in the definitive proxy statement for SVB Financial's 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference. 187 Table of Contents PART IV. ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) Financial Statements and Exhibits: (1) (2) (3) Financial Statements. The following consolidated financial statements of the registrant and its subsidiaries are included in Part II Item 8: Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 Consolidated Statements of Income for the three years ended December 31, 2020 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three years ended December 31, 2020 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three years ended December 31, 2020 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December 31, 2020 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Financial Statement Schedule. The consolidated financial statements and supplementary data are contained in Part II Item 8. All schedules other than as set forth above are omitted because of the absence of the conditions under which they are required or because the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or related notes in Part II Item 8. Exhibits. Page 98 101 102 103 104 105 106 98 189 188 Table of Contents ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY None. Exhibit Number 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 *10.1 *10.2 *10.3 *10.4 *10.5 *10.6 *10.7 *10.8 *10.9 *10.10 *10.11 *10.12 *10.13 *10.14 *10.15 *10.16 *10.17 INDEX TO EXHIBITS Exhibit Description Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between SVB Financial Group and Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective as of February 19, 2019 Certificate of Designations of the Registrant with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock, dated December 6, 2019, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and effective December 6, 2019 Form 8-K 10-Q 8-K 8-A Certificate of Designations of the Registrant with respect to the Series B Preferred Stock, dated February 1, 2021, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and effective February 1, 2021 Officer’s Certificate dated February 2, 2021, relating to the 1.800% Senior Note due 2031 Officer's Certificate, dated as of June 5, 2020, relating to the 3.125% Senior Note Due 2030 Indenture, dated September 20, 2010, by and between SVB Financial and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee Officer's Certificate, dated as of January 29, 2015, relating to the 3.50% Senior Note Due 2025 Deposit Agreement, dated December 9, 2019, among SVB Financial Group and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, LLC, acting as depositary, and the holders from time to time of the Depositary Receipts described therein Form of 3.50% Senior Note due 2025 Description of Registrant's Securities Office Lease Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2004, between CA- Lake Marriott Business Park Limited Partnership and Silicon Valley Bank: 3001, 3003 and 3101 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95054 401(k) and Employee Stock Ownership Plan 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan Form of Indemnification Agreement Incentive Compensation Plan Deferred Compensation Plan Change in Control Severance Plan 2006 Equity Incentive Plan Offer Letter dated November 2, 2006, for Michael Descheneaux Offer Letter dated April 25, 2007, for Michael Descheneaux Form of Letter Agreement with Michael Descheneaux re: Salary Changes Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+ UK Sub-Plan of the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+ Israeli Sub-Plan of the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+ Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan++ Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Subject to Time-Based Vesting)++ Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2006 Incentive Plan (Subject to Performance-Based Vesting)++ 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K 10-K 8-K 10-K 10-Q 10-Q 10-Q 10-K 8-K 8-K 8-K/A 8-K 10-K 10-Q 10-Q 8-K 8-K 8-K 189 Incorporated by Reference File No. 000-39154 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 Exhibit 2.1 Filing Date January 8, 2021 3.1 3.2 3.2 May 9, 2019 February 20, 2019 December 6, 2019 Filed Herewith 000-39154 3.1 February 2, 2021 000-39154 000-39154 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.4 10.28 10.2 10.1 10.7 10.1 10.7 10.14 10.31 10.32 10.31 February 2, 2021 June 5, 2020 September 20, 2010 January 29, 2015 December 9, 2019 January 29, 2015 February 28, 2020 September 20, 2004 February 27, 2014 August 8, 2016 November 6, 2009 August 7, 2018 February 28, 2019 March 15, 2012 April 17, 2007 May 2, 2007 May 14, 2009 000-15637 10.35 February 27, 2014 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 10.3 10.5 10.3 10.4 10.5 May 9, 2014 May 9, 2014 January 9, 2015 January 9, 2015 January 9, 2015 X Table of Contents Exhibit Number *10.18 *10.19 *10.20 *10.21 *10.22 *10.23 *10.24 *10.25 *10.26 *10.27 *10.28 *10.29 *10.30 *10.31 *10.32 *10.33 21.1 23.1 31.1 31.2 32.1 101.INS 101.SCH 101.CAL 101.DEF 101.LAB 101.PRE Exhibit Description Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+++ Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+++ Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Subject to Time-Based Vesting)+++ Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Subject to Performance-Based Vesting)+++ Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+++ Form of Stock Appreciation Rights Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan+++ Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Continued Vesting Upon Retirement)+++ Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Continued Vesting Upon Retirement)+++ Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Subject to Time-Based Vesting) (Continued Vesting Upon Retirement)+++ Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2006 Incentive Plan (Subject to Performance-Based Vesting) (Continued Vesting Upon Retirement)+++ Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Continued Vesting Upon Retirement)+++ Form of Stock Appreciation Rights Agreement under 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (Continued Vesting Upon Retirement)+++ Form of U.K.-Approved Stock Option Agreement++ Service Agreement, dated July 14, 2009, between SVB Financial Group UK Limited and Philip Cox Offer Agreement dated April 28, 2017, by and between Daniel Beck and SVB Financial Group Letter Agreement dated May 11, 2017, by and between Michael Descheneaux and SVB Financial Group Subsidiaries of SVB Financial Consent of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm Rule 13a-14(a) / 15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer Rule 13a-14(a) / 15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer Section 1350 Certifications XBRL Instance Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document Incorporated by Reference Form File No. Exhibit Filing Date Filed Herewith X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 8-K 10-K 8-K 8-K 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 000-15637 10.8 10.47 10.1 10.2 January 9, 2015 February 26, 2015 May 12, 2017 May 12, 2017 * + ++ +++ Denotes management contract or any compensatory plan, contract or arrangement. Forms applicable to grants made under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan during 2014. Forms applicable to grants made under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan beginning in 2015 to 2020. Forms applicable to grants made under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan beginning in 2021. 190 Table of Contents Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES SVB Financial Group /s/ GREG W. BECKER Greg W. Becker President and Chief Executive Officer Dated: March 1, 2021 191 Table of Contents Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated: Signature Title Date Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director March 1, 2021 /s/ ROGER F. DUNBAR Roger F. Dunbar /s/ GREG W. BECKER Greg W. Becker /s/ DANIEL J. BECK Daniel J. Beck /s/ KAREN HON Karen Hon President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) /s/ ERIC A. BENHAMOU Director Eric A. Benhamou /s/ JOHN S. CLENDENING Director John S. Clendening /s/ RICHARD D. DANIELS Director Richard D. Daniels /s/ ALISON DAVIS Alison Davis Director /s/ JOEL P. FRIEDMAN Director Joel P. Friedman /s/ JEFFREY N. MAGGIONCALDA Director Jeffrey N. Maggioncalda /s/ BEVERLY KAY MATTHEWS Beverly Kay Matthews Director /s/ MARY J. MILLER Director Mary J. Miller /s/ KATE D. MITCHELL Director Kate D. Mitchell /s/ JOHN F. ROBINSON Director John F. Robinson /s/ GAREN K. STAGLIN Director Garen K. Staglin March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2021 192 Exhibit 10.8 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP 2006 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN Amended October 21, 2020 1. Purposes of the Plan. The purposes of this Plan are: • • • • to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility, to provide incentives to individuals who perform services to the Company, to align with stockholder interests, and to promote the success of the Company’s business. The Plan permits the grant of Incentive Stock Options, Nonstatutory Stock Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units, Performance Shares and other stock or cash awards as the Administrator may determine. 2. Definitions. As used herein, the following definitions will apply: (a) “Administrator” means the Board or any of its Committees, including its Compensation Committee, as will be administering the Plan, in accordance with Section 4 of the Plan. (b) “Affiliate” means any corporation or any other entity (including, but not limited to, partnerships and joint ventures) controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company. (c) “Applicable Laws” means the requirements relating to the administration of equity-based awards under U.S. state corporate laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and the applicable laws of any foreign country or jurisdiction where Awards are, or will be, granted under the Plan. (d) “Award” means, individually or collectively, a grant under the Plan of Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units, Performance Shares and other stock or cash awards as the Administrator may determine. (e) “Award Agreement” means the written or electronic agreement setting forth the terms and provisions applicable to each Award granted under the Plan. The Award Agreement is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan. (f) (g) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company. “Cause” means: (i) An act of embezzlement, fraud, dishonesty, or breach of fiduciary duty to the Company; or (ii) A deliberate disregard of the rules of the Company which results in loss, damage or injury to the Company; or (iii) Any unauthorized disclosure of any of the secrets or confidential information of the Company; or any principal for whom the Company acts as agent to terminate such agency relations; or (iv) Inducing any client or customer of the Company to break any contract with the Company or inducing (v) Engaging in any conduct which constitutes unfair competition with the Company; or (vi) Any act which results in the Participant being removed from any office of the Company by any bank regulatory agency. (h) “Change in Control” means the consummation of any of the following transactions: (i) A merger or consolidation of Silicon Valley Bank (the “Bank”) or the Company with any other corporation, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in beneficial owners of the total voting power in the election of directors represented by the voting securities (“Voting Securities”) of the Bank or the Company (as the case may be) outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to beneficially own securities representing (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) at least fifty percent (50%) of the total Voting Securities of the Bank or the Company, or of such surviving entity, outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; or other transfer or disposition by the Bank or the Company of all or substantially all of the Bank’s assets; (ii) The filing of a plan of liquidation or dissolution of the Bank or the closing of the sale, lease, exchange (iii) Any person (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, other than (A) a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Bank or the Company, (B) a corporation owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their beneficial ownership of -2- stock in the Company, or (C) the Company (with respect to the Company’s ownership of the stock of the Bank), is or becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of the securities of the Bank or the Company representing fifty percent (50%) or more of the Voting Securities; or (iv) Any person (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than (A) a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Bank or the Company, (B) a corporation owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock in the Bank, or (C) the Company (with respect to the Company’s ownership of the stock of the Bank) is or becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning or Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of the securities of the Bank or the Company representing twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the Voting Securities of such corporation, and within twelve (12) months of the occurrence of such event, a change in the composition of the Board occurs as a result of which sixty percent (60%) or fewer of the Directors are Incumbent Directors. For purposes of this definition, Incumbent Directors will mean Directors who either (A) are Directors as of the date hereof, (B) are elected, or nominated for election, to the Board with the affirmative votes of at least a majority of the Directors who are Incumbent Directors described in (A) above at the time of such election or nomination, or (C) are elected, or nominated for election, to the Board with the affirmative votes of at least a majority of the Directors who are Incumbent Directors described in (A) or (B) above at the time of such election or nomination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Incumbent Directors” will not include an individual whose election or nomination to the Board occurs in order to provide representation for a person or group of related persons who have initiated or encouraged an actual or threatened proxy contest relating to the election of Directors. (i) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Any reference to a section of the Code herein will be a reference to any successor or amended section of the Code. (j) “Committee” means a committee of Directors or of other individuals satisfying Applicable Laws appointed by the Board in accordance with Section 4 hereof. (k) (l) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company. “Company” means SVB Financial Group, a Delaware corporation, or any successor thereto. (m) “Consultant” means any natural person, including an advisor, engaged by the Company or its Affiliates to render bona fide services to such entity, provided the services: (i) are not in connection with the offer or sale of securities in a capital-raising transaction, and (ii) do not directly promote or maintain a market for the Company’s securities, in each case, within the meaning of Form S-8 promulgated under the Securities Act, and provided, further, that a Consultant will include only those persons to whom the issuance of Shares may be registered under Form S-8 promulgated under the Securities Act. (n) “Director” means a member of the Board. -3- (o) “Disability” means total and permanent disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, provided that in the case of Awards other than Incentive Stock Options, the Administrator in its discretion may determine whether a permanent and total disability exists in accordance with uniform and non-discriminatory standards adopted by the Administrator from time to time. (p) “Employee” means any person, including Officers and Directors, employed by the Company or its Affiliates. Neither service as a Director nor payment of a director’s fee by the Company will be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company. (q) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (r) “Exchange Program” means a program under which (i) outstanding Awards are surrendered or cancelled in exchange for awards of the same type (which may have higher or lower exercise prices and different terms), awards of a different type, and/or cash, (ii) Participants would have the opportunity to transfer any outstanding Awards to a financial institution or other person or entity selected by the Administrator, and/or (iii) the exercise price of an outstanding Award is increased or reduced. The Administrator may not implement an Exchange Program. (s) “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of Common Stock as the Administrator may determine in good faith by reference to the price of such stock on any established stock exchange or a national market system on the day of determination if the Common Stock is so listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system. If the Common Stock is not listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, the value of the Common Stock will be determined by the Administrator in good faith. (t) “Fiscal Year” means the fiscal year of the Company. (u) “Full Value Award” means an Award granted with an exercise price, if any, less than the Fair Market Value on the date of grant of such Award and generally will be in the form of Awards of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares and Performance Units. (v) “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option that by its terms qualifies and is otherwise intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder. (w) “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option that by its terms does not qualify or is not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option. (x) “Officer” means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. (y) (z) “Option” means a stock option granted pursuant to the Plan. “Outside Director” means a Director who is not an Employee. -4- (aa) “Parent” means a “parent corporation,” whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code. (bb) “Participant” means the holder of an outstanding Award. (cc) “Performance Period” means any Fiscal Year of the Company or such other period as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion. (dd) “Performance Share” means an Award denominated in Shares which may be earned in whole or in part upon attainment of performance objectives or other vesting criteria as the Administrator may determine pursuant to Section 11. (ee) “Performance Unit” means an Award which may be earned in whole or in part upon attainment of performance objectives or other vesting criteria as the Administrator may determine and which may be settled for cash, Shares or other securities or a combination of the foregoing pursuant to Section 11. (ff) “Period of Restriction” means the period during which the transfer of Shares of Restricted Stock are subject to restrictions and therefore, the Shares are subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture. Such restrictions may be based on the passage of time, the achievement of target levels of performance, or the occurrence of other events as determined by the Administrator. (gg) “Plan” means this 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. (hh) “Restricted Stock” means Shares issued pursuant to an Award of Restricted Stock under Section 9 of the Plan, or issued pursuant to the early exercise of an Option. (ii) “Restricted Stock Unit” means a bookkeeping entry representing an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of one Share, granted pursuant to Section 10. Each Restricted Stock Unit represents an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company. (jj) “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect when discretion is being exercised with respect to the Plan. (kk) “Section 16(b)” means Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act. (ll) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. (mm) “Service Provider” means an Employee, Director or Consultant. (nn) “Share” means a share of the Common Stock, as adjusted in accordance with Section 16 of the Plan. (oo) “Stock Appreciation Right” means an Award, granted alone or in connection with an Option, that pursuant to Section 8 is designated as a Stock Appreciation Right. -5- (pp) “Subsidiary” means a “subsidiary corporation,” whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code. (qq) “Successor Corporation” has the meaning given to such term in Section 16(c) of the Plan. 3. Stock Subject to the Plan. (a) Stock Subject to the Plan. Subject to the provisions of Section 16 of the Plan, the maximum aggregate number of Shares that may be awarded and sold under the Plan is 12,028,505 Shares. The Shares may be authorized, but unissued, or reacquired Common Stock. (b) Full Value Awards. Any Shares subject to Full Value Awards will be counted against the numerical limits of this Section 3 as two Shares for every one Share subject thereto. Further, if Shares acquired pursuant to any such Award are forfeited or repurchased by the Company and would otherwise return to the Plan pursuant to Section 3(c), two times the number of Shares so forfeited or repurchased will return to the Plan and will again become available for issuance. (c) Lapsed Awards. If an Award expires or becomes unexercisable without having been exercised in full, or, with respect to Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares or Performance Units, is forfeited to or repurchased by the Company, the unpurchased Shares (or for Awards other than Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, the forfeited or repurchased Shares) which were subject thereto will become available for future grant or sale under the Plan (unless the Plan has terminated). With respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, all of the Shares covered by the Award (that is, Shares actually issued pursuant to a Stock Appreciation Right, as well as the Shares that represent payment of the exercise price) will cease to be available under the Plan. However, Shares that have actually been issued under the Plan under any Award will not be returned to the Plan and will not become available for future distribution under the Plan; provided, however, that if unvested Shares of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares or Performance Units are repurchased by the Company or are forfeited to the Company, such Shares will become available for future grant under the Plan. Shares used to pay the exercise price of an Award will not become available for future grant or sale under the Plan. Shares used to satisfy the tax withholding obligations related to an Award (other than an Option or Stock Appreciation Right) will become available for future grant or sale under the Plan. To the extent an Award under the Plan is paid out in cash rather than Shares, such cash payment will not result in reducing the number of Shares available for issuance under the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing and, subject to adjustment provided in Section 16, the maximum number of Shares that may be issued upon the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will equal the aggregate Share number stated in Section 3(a), plus, to the extent allowable under Section 422 of the Code, any Shares that become available for issuance under the Plan under this Section 3(c). -6- 4. Administration of the Plan. (a) Procedure. Providers may administer the Plan. (i) Multiple Administrative Bodies. Different Committees with respect to different groups of Service the transactions contemplated hereunder will be structured to satisfy the requirements for exemption under Rule 16b-3. (ii) Rule 16b-3. To the extent desirable to qualify transactions hereunder as exempt under Rule 16b-3, or (B) a Committee, which committee will be constituted to satisfy Applicable Laws. (iii) Other Administration. Other than as provided above, the Plan will be administered by (A) the Board (b) Powers of the Administrator. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, and in the case of a Committee, subject to the specific duties delegated by the Board to such Committee, the Administrator will have the authority, in its discretion: (i) to determine the Fair Market Value; (ii) to select the Service Providers to whom Awards may be granted hereunder; (iii) to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, of any Award granted hereunder. Such terms and conditions include, but are not limited to, the exercise price, the time or times when Awards may be exercised (which may be based on performance criteria), any vesting acceleration or waiver of forfeiture restrictions, and any restriction or limitation regarding any Award or the Shares relating thereto, based in each case on such factors as the Administrator will determine; (iv) to construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and Awards granted pursuant to the Plan; regulations relating to sub-plans established for the purpose of satisfying applicable foreign laws; (v) to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan, including rules and limited to the discretionary authority to extend the post-termination exercisability period of Awards; (vi) to modify or amend each Award (subject to Section 6(c) and 21(c) of the Plan), including but not grant of an Award previously granted by the Administrator; (vii) to authorize any person to execute on behalf of the Company any instrument required to effect the -7- otherwise be due to such Participant under an Award pursuant to such procedures as the Administrator may determine; and (viii) to allow a Participant to defer the receipt of the payment of cash or the delivery of Shares that would (ix) to make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for administering the Plan. (c) Effect of Administrator’s Decision. The Administrator’s decisions, determinations and interpretations will be final and binding on all Participants and any other holders of Awards. 5. Eligibility. Nonstatutory Stock Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units, Performance Shares and such other cash or stock awards as the Administrator determines may be granted to Service Providers. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to employees of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company. 6. Limitations. (a) Incentive Stock Options. (i) $100,000 Limitation. Notwithstanding any designation of an Option as an Incentive Stock Option, to the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value of the Shares with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by the Participant during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and any Parent or Subsidiary) exceeds $100,000, such Options will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options. For purposes of this Section 6(a)(i), Incentive Stock Options will be taken into account in the order in which they were granted. The Fair Market Value of the Shares will be determined as of the time the Option with respect to such Shares is granted. (ii) Maximum Option Term. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Participant who, at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the term of the Incentive Stock Option will be five (5) years from the date of grant or such shorter term as may be provided in the Award Agreement. (iii) Option Exercise Price. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to an Employee who, at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the per Share exercise price will be no less than 110% of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant. (b) Share Limitations. Subject to Section 16, the following limitations shall apply to Awards under the Plan: during any Fiscal Year, no Employee will be granted: (i) Options to purchase more than 250,000 Shares; (ii) Stock Appreciation Rights covering more than 250,000 Shares; (iii) more than an aggregate of 125,000 Shares of Restricted Stock; (iv) more than an -8- aggregate of 125,000 Restricted Stock Units; and (v) Performance Units having an initial value greater than $4,000,000, and more than 125,000 Performance Shares. (c) Exchange Program. The Administrator may not institute an Exchange Program. (d) Outside Director Award Limitations. No Outside Director may be granted, in any Fiscal Year, Awards covering Shares having an initial value greater than $500,000. Awards granted to an individual while he or she was an Employee or Consultant, but not an Outside Director, shall not count for purposes of these limitations. The foregoing limitations will be adjusted proportionately in connection with any change in the Company’s capitalization as described in Section 16. (e) Limitations on Vesting and Acceleration. (i) Vesting of Awards. With respect to Awards granted to Employees or Consultants, and except as otherwise provided in Section 16(c), no Award granted hereunder shall vest and become exercisable prior to the one (1) year anniversary of the date of grant (or, if applicable, the date an Employee or Consultant begins his or her employment or service with the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company). Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence and subject to Section 6(e)(iii), the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may provide at the time of or following the date of grant for accelerated vesting of an Award. (ii) Vesting of Awards Granted to Directors. Awards that are granted on an annual basis to Directors following the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders, shall become fully vested no earlier than the last day of the Director’s then current annual term of service as a member of the Board. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Awards granted pursuant to the 5% Limit or Awards that accelerate in connection with a Change in Control or upon or in connection with a Director’s termination of service due to death, Disability or retirement are not subject to the vesting provisions contained in this Section 6(e)(ii). (iii) Generally. Awards that result in issuing up to 5% of the maximum aggregate number of Shares authorized for issuance under the Plan (the “5% Limit”) may be granted to any one or more Service Providers without respect to any minimum vesting provisions included in the Plan. Further, all Awards that have their vesting discretionarily accelerated by the Administrator are subject to the 5% Limit, other than upon or in connection with a Change in Control or upon or in connection with a Participant’s termination of service due to death, Disability or retirement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting of Awards such that the Plan minimum vesting requirements still must be met, without such vesting acceleration counting toward the 5% Limit. The 5% Limit shall be considered as one aggregate limit applying to the granting of Awards to Service Providers without respect to Plan minimum vesting requirements and to the discretionary vesting acceleration of Awards. be paid before the Award or Shares underlying the Award vest. (iv) Dividend Payments. Dividends and other distributions payable with respect to Awards will not vest or -9- 7. Stock Options. (a) Grant of Options. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, Options may be granted to Service Providers at any time and from time to time as will be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion. Each Option will be designated in the Award Agreement as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option. (b) Number of Shares. Subject to the limitations contained in Section 6, the Administrator will have complete discretion to determine the number of Shares subject to Options granted to any Participant. (c) Term of Option. The Administrator will determine the term of each Option in its sole discretion. Any Option granted under the Plan will not be exercisable after the expiration of seven (7) years from the date of grant or such shorter term as may be provided in the Award Agreement. (d) Option Exercise Price and Consideration. (i) Exercise Price. The per share exercise price for the Shares to be issued pursuant to exercise of an Option will be determined by the Administrator, but will be no less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant, subject to the provisions of Section 6. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 7(d), Options may be granted with a per Share exercise price of less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Section 424(a) of the Code. (ii) Waiting Period and Exercise Dates. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, at the time an Option is granted, the Administrator will fix the period within which the Option may be exercised and will determine any conditions that must be satisfied before the Option may be exercised. exercising an Option, including the method of payment, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws. (iii) Form of Consideration. The Administrator will determine the acceptable form(s) of consideration for (e) Exercise of Option. (i) Procedure for Exercise; Rights as a Stockholder. Any Option granted hereunder will be exercisable according to the terms of the Plan and at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator and set forth in the Award Agreement. An Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share. An Option will be deemed exercised when the Company receives: (i) notice of exercise (in such form as the Administrator specifies from time to time) from the person entitled to exercise the Option, and (ii) full payment for the Shares with respect to which the Option is exercised (together with an applicable withholding taxes). No adjustment will be made for a dividend or -10- other right for which the record date is prior to the date the Shares are issued, except as provided in Section 16 of the Plan. (ii) Termination of Relationship as a Service Provider. If a Participant ceases to be a Service Provider, other than upon the Participant’s termination for Cause or as the result of the Participant’s death, Disability or retirement, the Participant may exercise his or her Option within such period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement to the extent that the Option is vested on the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement). In the absence of a specified time in the Award Agreement, the Option will remain exercisable for three (3) months following the Participant’s termination. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if on the date of termination the Participant is not vested as to his or her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will revert to the Plan. If after termination the Participant does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified by the Administrator, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan. (iii) Disability of Participant. If a Participant ceases to be a Service Provider as a result of the Participant’s Disability, the Participant may exercise his or her Option within such period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement to the extent the Option is vested on the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement). In the absence of a specified time in the Award Agreement, the Option will remain exercisable for twelve (12) months following the Participant’s termination. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if on the date of termination the Participant is not vested as to his or her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will revert to the Plan. If after termination the Participant does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan. (iv) Death of Participant. If a Participant dies while a Service Provider, the Option may be exercised following the Participant’s death within such period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement to the extent that the Option is vested on the date of death (but in no event may the option be exercised later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement), by the Participant’s designated beneficiary, provided such beneficiary has been designated prior to Participant’s death in a form acceptable to the Administrator. If no such beneficiary has been designated by the Participant, then such Option may be exercised by the personal representative of the Participant’s estate or by the person(s) to whom the Option is transferred pursuant to the Participant’s will or in accordance with the laws of descent and distribution. In the absence of a specified time in the Award Agreement, the Option will remain exercisable for twelve (12) months following Participant’s death. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if at the time of death Participant is not vested as to his or her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will immediately revert to the Plan. If the Option is not so exercised within the time specified herein, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan. -11- (v) Retirement of Participant. If a Participant ceases to be a Service Provider as a result of the Participant’s retirement, the Participant may exercise his or her Option within such period of time as is specified in the Award Agreement and, unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, to the extent the Option is vested on the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Award Agreement). In the absence of a specified time in the Award Agreement, the Option will remain exercisable for three (3) months following the Participant’s termination. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, if on the date of termination the Participant is not vested as to his or her entire Option, the Shares covered by the unvested portion of the Option will revert to the Plan. If after termination the Participant does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option will terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to the Plan. (vi) Termination for Cause. If a Participant’s status as a Service Provider is terminated for Cause, then the Option will immediately terminate, and the Shares covered by such Option will revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan. (vii) Other Termination. A Participant’s Award Agreement may also provide that if the exercise of the Option following the termination of Participant’s status as a Service Provider (other than upon the Participant’s death or Disability) would result in liability under Section 16(b), then the Option will terminate on the earlier of (A) the expiration of the term of the Option set forth in the Award Agreement, or (B) the 10th day after the last date on which such exercise would result in such liability under Section 16(b). Finally, a Participant’s Award Agreement may also provide that if the exercise of the Option following the termination of the Participant’s status as a Service Provider (other than upon the Participant’s death or disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of Shares would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option will terminate on the earlier of (A) the expiration of the term of the Option, or (B) the expiration of a period of three (3) months after the termination of the Participant’s status as a Service Provider during which the exercise of the Option would not be in violation of such registration requirements. 8. Stock Appreciation Rights. (a) Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, a Stock Appreciation Right may be granted to Service Providers at any time and from time to time as will be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion. (b) Number of Shares. Subject to the limitations contained in Section 6, the Administrator will have complete discretion to determine the number of Stock Appreciation Rights granted to any Participant. (c) Exercise Price and Other Terms. The Administrator, subject to the provisions of the Plan, will have complete discretion to determine the terms and conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan, provided, however, that the exercise price will be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant. -12- (d) Stock Appreciation Right Agreement. Each Stock Appreciation Right grant will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the exercise price, the term of the Stock Appreciation Right, the conditions of exercise, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. (e) Expiration of Stock Appreciation Rights. The Administrator will determine the term of each Stock Appreciation Right in its sole discretion. Any Stock Appreciation Right granted under the Plan will not be exercisable after the expiration of seven (7) years from the date of grant or such shorter term as may be provided in the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the rules of Section 7(e) also will apply to Stock Appreciation Rights. (f) Payment of Stock Appreciation Right Amount. Upon exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right, a Participant will be entitled to receive payment from the Company in an amount determined by multiplying: price; times (i) The difference between the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of exercise over the exercise (ii) The number of Shares with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised. At the discretion of the Administrator, the payment upon Stock Appreciation Right exercise may be in cash, in Shares of equivalent value, or in some combination thereof. 9. Restricted Stock. (a) Grant of Restricted Stock. Subject to the terms and provisions of the Plan, the Administrator, at any time and from time to time, may grant Shares of Restricted Stock to Service Providers in such amounts as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. (b) Restricted Stock Agreement. Subject to the limitations contained in Section 6, each Award of Restricted Stock will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the Period of Restriction, the number of Shares granted, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. Unless the Administrator determines otherwise, Shares of Restricted Stock will be held by the Company as escrow agent until the restrictions on such Shares have lapsed. (c) Transferability. Except as provided in this Section 9, Shares of Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated until the end of the applicable Period of Restriction. (d) Other Restrictions. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, may impose such other restrictions on Shares of Restricted Stock as it may deem advisable or appropriate. (e) Removal of Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 9, Shares of Restricted Stock covered by each Restricted Stock grant made under the Plan will be released from escrow as soon as practicable after the last day of the Period of Restriction. Subject -13- to the terms and conditions of the Plan, the restrictions will lapse at a rate determined by the Administrator and subject to the vesting limitations contained in Section 6, the Administrator, in its discretion, may accelerate the time at which any restrictions will lapse or be removed. (f) Voting Rights. During the Period of Restriction, Service Providers holding Shares of Restricted Stock granted hereunder may exercise full voting rights with respect to those Shares, unless the Administrator determines otherwise. (g) Dividends and Other Distributions. During the Period of Restriction, and subject to the limitations contained in Section 6, Service Providers holding Shares of Restricted Stock will be entitled to receive all dividends and other distributions paid with respect to such Shares unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement. If any such dividends or distributions are paid in Shares, the Shares will be subject to the same restrictions on transferability and forfeitability as the Shares of Restricted Stock with respect to which they were paid. (h) Return of Restricted Stock to Company. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, the Restricted Stock for which restrictions have not lapsed will revert to the Company and again will become available for grant under the Plan. 10. Restricted Stock Units. (a) Grant. Restricted Stock Units may be granted at any time and from time to time as determined by the Administrator. Such to the limitations contained in Section 6, each Restricted Stock Unit grant will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine, including all terms, conditions, and restrictions related to the grant, the number of Restricted Stock Units and the form of payout, which, subject to Section 10(d), may be left to the discretion of the Administrator. (b) Vesting Criteria and Other Terms. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Administrator will set vesting criteria in its discretion, which, depending on the extent to which the criteria are met, will determine the number of Restricted Stock Units that will be paid out to the Participant. Each Award of Restricted Stock Units will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the vesting criteria, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. (c) Earning Restricted Stock Units. Upon meeting the applicable vesting criteria, the Participant will be entitled to receive a payout as specified in the Award Agreement. The Administrator may set vesting criteria based upon the achievement of Company-wide, divisional, business unit or individual goals (including, but not limited to, continued employment or service), applicable federal or state securities laws or any other basis determined by the Administrator in its discretion. Subject to the vesting limitations contained in Section 6, after the grant of Restricted Stock Units, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any vesting criteria that must be met to receive a payout. (d) Form and Timing of Payment. Payment of earned Restricted Stock Units will be made as soon as practicable after the date(s) set forth in the Award Agreement. The -14- Administrator, in its sole discretion, may pay earned Restricted Stock Units in cash, Shares, or a combination thereof. Shares represented by Restricted Stock Units that are fully paid in cash again will be available for grant under the Plan. (e) Cancellation. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, all unearned Restricted Stock Units will be forfeited to the Company. 11. Performance Units and Performance Shares. (a) Grant of Performance Units/Shares. Performance Units and Performance Shares may be granted to Service Providers at any time and from time to time, as will be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion. Subject to the limitations contained in Section 6, the Administrator will have complete discretion in determining the number of Performance Units/Shares granted to each Participant. (b) Value of Performance Units/Shares. Each Performance Unit will have an initial value that is established by the Administrator on or before the date of grant. Each Performance Share will have an initial value equal to the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant. (c) Performance Objectives and Other Terms. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Administrator will set performance objectives or other vesting provisions (including, without limitation, continued status as a Service Provider) in its discretion which, depending on the extent to which they are met, will determine the number or value of Performance Units/Shares that will be paid out to the Participant. The Administrator may set performance objectives based upon the achievement of Company-wide, divisional, business unit or individual goals (including, but not limited to, continued employment or service), applicable federal or state securities laws, or any other basis determined by the Administrator in its discretion. Each Award of Performance Units/Shares will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the Performance Period, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. (d) Earning of Performance Units/Shares. After the applicable Performance Period has ended, the holder of Performance Units/Shares will be entitled to receive a payout of the number of Performance Units/Shares earned by the Participant over the Performance Period, to be determined as a function of the extent to which the corresponding performance objectives or other vesting provisions have been achieved. Subject to the vesting limitations contained in Section 6, after the grant of a Performance Unit/Share, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any performance objectives or other vesting provisions for such Performance Unit/Share. (e) Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Units/Shares. Payment of earned Performance Units/Shares will be made as soon as practicable after the expiration of the applicable Performance Period. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, may pay earned Performance Units/Shares in the form of cash, in Shares (which have an aggregate Fair Market -15- Value equal to the value of the earned Performance Units/Shares at the close of the applicable Performance Period) or in a combination thereof. (f) Cancellation of Performance Units/Shares. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, all unearned or unvested Performance Units/Shares will be forfeited to the Company, and again will be available for grant under the Plan. 12. [RESERVED] 13. Compliance With Code Section 409A. Awards will be designed and operated in such a manner that they are either exempt from the application of, or comply with, the requirements of Section 409A of the Code such that the grant, payment, settlement or deferral will not be subject to the additional tax or interest applicable under Section 409A of the Code, except as otherwise determined in the sole discretion of the Administrator. Each payment or benefit under this Plan and under each Award Agreement is intended to constitute a separate payment for purposes of Section 1.409A-2(b)(2) of the Treasury Regulations. The Plan and each Award Agreement under the Plan is intended to meet the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and will be construed and interpreted in accordance with such intent, except as otherwise determined in the sole discretion of the Administrator. To the extent that an Award or payment, or the settlement or deferral thereof, is subject to Section 409A of the Code the Award will be granted, paid, settled or deferred in a manner that will meet the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, such that the grant, payment, settlement or deferral will not be subject to the additional tax or interest applicable under Section 409A of the Code. 14. Leaves of Absence. Unless the Administrator provides otherwise, vesting of Awards granted hereunder will be suspended during any unpaid leave of absence. A Participant who is an Employee will not cease to be an Employee in the case of (i) any leave of absence approved by the Company of the Affiliate employing the Participant or (ii) transfers between locations of the Company or between the Company and its Affiliates. For purposes of Incentive Stock Options, no such leave may exceed three (3) months, unless reemployment upon expiration of such leave is guaranteed by statute or contract. If reemployment upon expiration of a leave of absence approved by the Company is not so guaranteed, then six (6) months and one day following the commencement of such leave any Incentive Stock Option held by the Participant will cease to be treated as an Incentive Stock Option and will be treated for tax purposes as a Nonstatutory Stock Option. 15. Transferability of Awards. Unless determined otherwise by the Administrator, an Award may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Participant, only by the Participant. If the Administrator makes an Award transferable, such Award will contain such additional terms and conditions as the Administrator deems appropriate. 16. Adjustments; Dissolution or Liquidation; Merger or Change in Control. -16- (a) Adjustments. In the event that any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin- off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares occurs, the Administrator, in order to prevent diminution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the Plan, will adjust the number and class of Shares that may be delivered under the Plan and/or the number, class, and price of Shares covered by each outstanding Award, and the numerical Share limits set forth in Sections 3 and 6. (b) Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of the proposed dissolution or liquidation of the Company, the Administrator will notify each Participant as soon as practicable prior to the effective date of such proposed transaction. To the extent it has not been previously exercised, an Award will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed action. (c) Change in Control. (i) In the event of a merger of the Company with or into another company or Change in Control (subject to Section 16(c)(ii) and any vesting acceleration provisions in an Award or other agreement), outstanding Awards will be treated in the manner provided in the agreement relating to the Change in Control (including as the same may be amended), including, without limitation: corporation; (1) the continuation of the outstanding Award by the Company, if the Company is a surviving (2) the assumption of the outstanding Awards, or substitution of equivalent Awards, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof) (the “Successor Corporation”) with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices; (3) that outstanding Awards will vest and become exercisable (and for the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding the vesting limitations in Section 6), realizable, or payable, or restrictions applicable to an Award will lapse, in whole or in part prior to or upon consummation of such Change in Control, and, to the extent the Administrator determines, terminate upon or immediately prior to the effectiveness of such merger or Change in Control; (4) (A) the termination of an Award in exchange for an amount of cash and/or property, if any, equal to the amount that would have been attained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of the Participant’s rights as of the date of the occurrence of the transaction (and, for the avoidance of doubt, if as of the date of the occurrence of the transaction the Administrator determines in good faith that no amount would have been attained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of the Participant’s rights, then such Award may be terminated by the Company without payment), or (B) the replacement of such Award with other rights or property selected by the Administrator in its sole discretion; or -17- (5) any combination of the foregoing. Such agreement shall not be required to treat all Awards or individual types of Awards similarly in the Change in Control. (ii) In the event that the Successor Corporation refuses to assume, continue or substitute for the Award (and for the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding the vesting limitations in Section 6), the Participant will fully vest in and have the right to exercise all of his or her outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, including Shares as to which such Awards would not otherwise be vested or exercisable, all restrictions on Restricted Stock will lapse, and, with respect to Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares and Performance Units, all performance goals or other vesting criteria will be deemed achieved at target levels and all other terms and conditions met. In addition, if an Option or Stock Appreciation Right becomes fully vested and exercisable in lieu of assumption, continuation, or substitution in the event of a Change in Control, the Administrator will notify the Participant in writing or electronically that the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will be fully vested and exercisable for a period of time determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, and the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will terminate upon the expiration of such period. For the purposes of this subsection (c), an Award will be considered assumed if, following the Change in Control, the Award confers the right to purchase or receive, for each Share subject to the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control, the consideration (whether stock, cash, or other securities or property) or, in the case of a Stock Appreciation Right upon the exercise of which the Administrator determines to pay cash or a Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Share or Performance Unit which the Administrator can determine to pay in cash, the fair market value of the consideration received in the merger or Change in Control by holders of Common Stock for each Share held on the effective date of the transaction (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares); provided, however, that if such consideration received in the Change in Control is not solely common stock of the Successor Corporation, the Administrator may, with the consent of the Successor Corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon the exercise of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right or upon the payout of a Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Share or Performance Unit, for each Share subject to such Award (or in the case of Performance Units, the number of implied shares determined by dividing the value of the Performance Units by the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the Change in Control), to be solely common stock of the Successor Corporation equal in fair market value to the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the Change in Control. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 16(c) to the contrary, an Award that vests, is earned or paid-out upon the satisfaction of one or more performance goals will not be considered assumed if the Company or its successor modifies any of such performance goals without the Participant’s consent; provided, however, a modification to such performance goals only to reflect the Successor Corporation’s post-Change in Control corporate structure will not be deemed to invalidate an otherwise valid Award assumption. -18- Notwithstanding anything in this Section 16(c) to the contrary, if a payment under an Award Agreement is subject to Section 409A of the Code and if the change in control definition contained in the Award Agreement does not comply with the definition of “change of control” for purposes of a distribution under Section 409A of the Code, then any payment of an amount that is otherwise accelerated under this Section 16 will be delayed until the earliest time that such payment would be permissible under Section 409A of the Code without triggering any penalties applicable under Section 409A of the Code. 17. Tax Withholding (a) Withholding Requirements. Prior to the delivery of any Shares or cash pursuant to an Award (or exercise thereof), the Company will have the power and the right to deduct or withhold, or require a Participant to remit to the Company, an amount sufficient to satisfy federal, state, local, foreign or other taxes (including the Participant’s FICA obligation) required to be withheld with respect to such Award (or exercise thereof). (b) Withholding Arrangements. The Administrator, in its sole discretion and pursuant to such procedures as it may specify from time to time, may permit a Participant to satisfy such tax withholding obligation, in whole or in part by (a) paying cash (or cash equivalent), (b) electing to have the Company withhold otherwise deliverable cash or Shares having a fair market value equal to the amount required to be withheld or such other amount as the Administrator may determine if such amount would not have adverse accounting consequences, as the Administrator determines in its sole discretion, (c) delivering to the Company already-owned Shares having a fair market value equal to the amount required to be withheld or such other amount as the Administrator may determine if such amount would not have adverse accounting consequences, as the Administrator determines in its sole discretion, or (d) selling a sufficient number of Shares otherwise deliverable to the Participant through such means as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion (whether through a broker or otherwise) equal to the amount required to be withheld. The fair market value of the Shares to be withheld or delivered will be determined as of the date that the taxes are required to be withheld. 18. No Effect on Employment or Service. Neither the Plan nor any Award will confer upon a Participant any right with respect to continuing the Participant’s relationship as a Service Provider with the Company, nor will they interfere in any way with the Participant’s right or the Company’s right to terminate such relationship at any time, with or without cause, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws. 19. Date of Grant. The date of grant of an Award will be, for all purposes, the date on which the Administrator makes the determination granting such Award, or such other later date as is determined by the Administrator. Notice of the determination will be provided to each Participant within a reasonable time after the date of such grant. 20. Term of Plan. Subject to Section 24 of the Plan, the Plan will become effective upon its adoption by the Administrator. It will continue in effect until April 24, 2029, unless terminated earlier under Section 21 of the Plan. -19- 21. Amendment and Termination of the Plan. (a) Amendment and Termination. The Administrator may at any time amend, alter, suspend or terminate the Plan. (b) Stockholder Approval. The Company will obtain stockholder approval of any Plan amendment to the extent necessary and desirable to comply with Applicable Laws. (c) Effect of Amendment or Termination. No amendment, alteration, suspension or termination of the Plan will impair the rights of any Participant, unless mutually agreed otherwise between the Participant and the Administrator, which agreement must be in writing and signed by the Participant and the Company. Termination of the Plan will not affect the Administrator’s ability to exercise the powers granted to it hereunder with respect to Awards granted under the Plan prior to the date of such termination. 22. Conditions Upon Issuance of Shares. (a) Legal Compliance. Shares will not be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Award unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares will comply with Applicable Laws and will be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance. (b) Investment Representations. As a condition to the exercise of an Award, the Company may require the person exercising such Award to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the Shares are being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required. 23. Inability to Obtain Authority. The inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Company’s counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any Shares hereunder, will relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Shares as to which such requisite authority will not have been obtained. 24. Stockholder Approval. The Plan will be subject to approval by the stockholders of the Company within twelve (12) months after the date the Plan is adopted. Such stockholder approval will be obtained in the manner and to the degree required under Applicable Laws. 25. Clawback Policy. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, all Awards granted under the Plan will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider. -20- Exhibit 10.18 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Option Number: Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ID: Notice of Grant of Incentive Stock Options and Award Agreement Name Address City, State, Zip Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee ID: Grant Number: Grant Type: Date of Grant: Option Price per Share: Total Option Price: Expiration Date: Vesting Schedule: Vesting Date Shares Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you have been granted an Incentive Stock Option to buy Shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) stock at the Option Price listed in the Grant Agreement above (the “Option”). Shares in each period will become fully vested on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule, subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. The Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance and the Company’s signature below, you and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and the Award Agreement, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) and this Incentive Stock Option Award Agreement (the “Award Agreement”), has granted to Participant an Option to purchase shares of the Common Stock of the Company (“Shares”). This Option is intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Stock Options (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your Option are as follows: 1. TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS OPTION. The total number of Shares subject to this Option is set forth in the Notice of Grant. 2. VESTING. Subject to the limitations contained herein, the Shares will vest (become exercisable) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) you cease to be a Service Provider for any reason, or (ii) this Option becomes fully vested. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. 3. OPTION PRICE AND METHOD OF PAYMENT. (a) Option Price. The Option Price per Share is the price set forth in the Notice of Grant, such price being not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant of this Option. (b) Method of Payment. Payment of the Option Price per Share is due in full upon exercise of all or any part of each installment which has accrued to you. You may elect, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, to make payment of the Option Price under one of the following alternatives: (i) Payment of the Option Price per Share in cash (including check) at the time of exercise; (ii) Provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded and quoted regularly in the Wall Street Journal, payment by delivery of already-owned Shares, held for the period required to avoid a charge to the Company’s reported earnings, and owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, which Common Stock shall be valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise; (iii) Consideration received by the Company under a formal cashless exercise program adopted by the Company in connection with the Plan; or (iv) Payment by a combination of the methods of payment permitted by Section 3(b)(i), (ii), and (iii) above. 2 4. WHOLE SHARES. This Option may only be exercised for whole Shares. 5. SECURITIES LAW COMPLIANCE. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, unless there is an available exemption from any registration, qualification or other legal requirement applicable to the Shares, the Company shall not be required to deliver any Shares issuable upon exercise of the Option prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Shares under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities or exchange control law or under rulings or regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or of any other governmental regulatory body, or prior to obtaining any approval or other clearance from any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal governmental agency, which registration, qualification or approval the Company shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable. You understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the Shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend the Plan and the Award Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of shares. 6. TERM. The term of this Option commences on the Date of Grant and expires on the Expiration Date, unless this Option expires sooner as set forth below or in the Plan. In no event may this Option be exercised on or after the Expiration Date. This Option shall terminate prior to the Expiration Date as follows: three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider unless one of the following circumstances exists: (a) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Disability. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months following such termination. You should be aware that if your Disability is not considered a permanent and total disability within the meaning of Section 422(c)(6) of the Code, and you exercise this Option more than three (3) months following the date of your termination of service, your exercise will be treated for tax purposes as the exercise of a “nonstatutory stock option” instead of an “incentive stock option.” (b) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your death. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months after your death. (c) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to Cause (as defined in the Plan). This Option will then expire on the date of such termination. (d) If during any part of such three (3)-month period you may not exercise your Option solely because of the condition set forth in Section 5 above, then your Option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or until this Option shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider. (e) If your exercise of the Option within three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider would result in liability under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, then your Option will expire on the earlier of (i) the Expiration Date set forth above, or (ii) the tenth (10th) day after the last date upon which exercise would result in such liability. However, this Option may be exercised following your termination as a Service Provider only as to that number of Shares as to which it was exercisable on the date of termination under the provisions of Section 2 of this Option. 3 In order to obtain the federal income tax advantages associated with an “incentive stock option,” the Code requires that at all times beginning on the date of grant of the Option and ending on the day three (3) months before the date of the Option’s exercise, you must be an employee of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company, except in the event of your death or Disability. The Company may provide for continued vesting or extended exercisability of your Option under certain circumstances for your benefit, but cannot guarantee that your Option will necessarily be treated as an “incentive stock option” if you provide services to the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company as a Consultant or exercise your Option more than three (3) months after the date your employment with the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company terminates. 7. EXERCISE. (a) This Option is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice, in the form and manner determined by the Administrator, or (ii) following an electronic or other exercise procedure prescribed by the Administrator, which in either case shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised, and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. Participant shall provide payment of any applicable tax withholding arising in connection with such exercise. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed exercise notice or completion of such exercise procedure, as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion, accompanied by any applicable tax withholding. (b) By exercising this Option you agree that: (i) as a precondition to the completion of any exercise of this Option, the Company may require you to enter an arrangement providing for the payment by you to the Company of any tax withholding obligation of the Company arising by reason of (1) the exercise of this Option; (2) the lapse of any substantial risk of forfeiture to which the Shares are subject at the time of exercise; or (3) the disposition of Shares acquired upon such exercise; and (ii) you will notify the Company in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the Shares issued upon exercise of this Option that occurs within two (2) years after the date of this Option grant or within one (1) year after such Shares are transferred upon exercise of this Option. 8. CODE SECTION 409A. Under Code Section 409A, an Option that vests after December 31, 2004 (or that vested on or prior to such date but which was materially modified after October 3, 2004) that was granted with a per Share exercise price that is determined by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant (a “discount option”) may be considered “deferred compensation.” An Option that is a “discount option” may result in (i) income recognition by Participant prior to the exercise of the Option, (ii) an additional twenty percent (20%) federal income tax, and (iii) potential penalty and interest charges. The “discount option” may also result in additional state income, penalty and interest tax to the Participant. Participant acknowledges that the Company cannot and has not guaranteed that the IRS will agree that the per Share exercise price of this Option equals or exceeds the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant in a later examination. Participant agrees that if the IRS determines that the Option was granted with a per Share exercise price that was less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant, Participant shall be solely responsible for Participant’s costs related to such a determination. 9. TRANSFERABILITY. This Option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. Notwithstanding the foregoing, by 4 delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, you may designate a third party who, in the event of your death, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise this Option. The terms of this Award Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 6(b) relating to termination as a result of death) shall apply to your beneficiaries and executors and administrators including the right to agree to any amendment of the applicable Award Agreement. 10. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. You acknowledge and agree to the following: • • • • • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of this Option is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of options, or benefits in lieu of the options even if options have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future Option or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; your participation in the Plan is voluntary; this Option and any Shares acquired under the Plan and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of- service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty; this Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider; if the underlying Shares do not increase in value, this Option will have no value; if you exercise this Option and acquire Shares, the value of such Shares may increase or decrease in value, even below the Option Price; neither the Plan nor the Option shall be construed to create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or service contract with the Company, your Employer or any Affiliate, and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate your status as a Service Provider (if any); no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of this Option resulting from the termination of your status as a Service Provider (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any); and • Unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, this Option and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have this Option or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares of the Company. 11. AUTHORIZATION TO RELEASE AND TRANSFER NECESSARY PERSONAL INFORMATION. You hereby explicitly and unambiguously consent to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of your personal data as described in this Award Agreement and any other Option 5 grant materials by and among, as applicable, the Employer, the Company and its Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing your participation in the Plan. You understand that the Company and the Employer may hold certain personal information about you, including, but not limited to, your name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in your favor ("Data"), for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan. You understand that Data will be transferred to a stock plan service provider selected by the Company to assist the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. You understand that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States) may have different data privacy laws and protections than your country. You understand that if you reside outside the United States, you may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of the Data by contacting your local human resources representative. You authorize the Company and any other possible recipients which may assist the Company (presently or in the future) with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing your participation in the Plan. You understand that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage your participation in the Plan. You understand that if you reside outside the United States, you may, at any time, view Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, by contacting in writing your local human resources representative. Further, you understand that you are providing the consents herein on a purely voluntary basis. If you do not consent, or if you later seek to revoke your consent, your status as a Service Provider with the Employer will not be adversely affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing your consent is that the Company would not be able to grant you options or other equity awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, you understand that refusing or withdrawing your consent may affect your ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of your refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, you understand that you may contact your local human resources representative. 12. OPTION NOT A SERVICE CONTRACT. This Option is not a guarantee of continued service and nothing in this Option shall be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on your part to continue in the service of the Company, or of the Company to continue your service with the Company. In addition, nothing in this Option shall obligate the Company or any Affiliate, or their respective stockholders, Board of Directors, officers or employees to continue any relationship which you might have as a Service Provider for the Company or Affiliate. 13. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting and exercise of the Option under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and you with all Applicable Laws. 14. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the Option awarded under the Plan or future Options that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. You hereby consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind you and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 6 15. NOTICES. Any notices provided for in this Option or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the address specified below or at such other address as you hereafter designate by written notice to the Company. 16. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This Option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this Option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Option and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 17. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan, or your acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. You should consult with your own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding your participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 18. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 19. LANGUAGE. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language, or have consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow you to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If you have received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 20. STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL. This Option is subject to stockholder approval of the Plan within twelve (12) months of the Plan adoption date. If stockholder approval is not obtained within such twelve (12)-month period, this Option shall immediately terminate in its entirety. 21. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Option or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Option is made and/or to be performed. 22. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, this Option and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 23. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the Option, you acknowledge that you are bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You further acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., Options) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or 7 regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You acknowledge that it is your responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and you should speak to your personal advisor on this matter. 24. WAIVER. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by you or any other participant. 8 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Notice of Exercise I, _____________________ , elect to exercise the following SVB Financial Group stock option(s): Grant Number: Grant Date: Type of Option: Number of Shares to be Exercised: Exercise Price Aggregate Per Share: Exercise Price: ISO or NQ ISO or NQ ISO or NQ $ $ $ TYPE OF EXERCISE: ☐ CASH(1) ☐ CASHLESS (Sale of underlying shares of option to pay exercise price) ☐ Sell shares ☐ Sell all shares listed above ☐ STOCK(1)(2) (Use already-held shares to pay exercise price) Attach Share Attestation Form BROKER INFORMATION (if applicable): Firm: Contact Person: DTC # Phone: Account # Fax: ☐ I authorize my broker to pay SVB Financial Group the aggregate exercise price. For non-qualified (NQ) shares, I also authorize my broker to pay Silicon Valley Bank for the applicable taxes owed. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS: ☐ Mail certificate to my home address. ☐ Deliver electronically to my Broker. I will (i) provide any additional documents you require pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement, (ii) pay any withholding taxes resulting from exercise of a NQ stock option, and (iii) notify you in writing within 15 days after any disposition of shares issued under an incentive stock option (ISO) that occurs within 2 years after the grant date or 1 year after the exercise date. SS#: Telephone: Date: Very truly yours, Signed Address (1) The Effective Date of cash and stock exercises is the day cash, stock, or Share Attestation Form is received by Stock Administration, unless otherwise notified by Stock Administration as a result of insider trading restrictions. If delivery is made by US Mail (or overnight courier) the Effective Date is the postmark date (or pick-up date). The value of shares remitted for stock transactions is based on the closing stock price on the Effective Date. (2) Attested shares must meet certain requirements. 9 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Share Attestation Form I will use shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) common stock I already own to pay the exercise price on the stock options identified on the attached Notice of Exercise. I will not deliver the shares. The Company will subtract the number of shares required to pay the exercise price from the underlying shares I am entitled to receive from the stock option and send me the balance. 1. I certify that I own ___________ shares of SVB Financial Group common stock (the “Attested Shares”) which I tender to pay part or all of the stock option exercise price. I hold the Attested Shares (check one): ☐ individually. A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ jointly as ___________ . A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ in a brokerage account in the name(s) of ___________ . A photocopy of a brokerage statement from the preceding two months showing the Company stock is attached. (Note: Irrelevant information related to other investments may be blocked out.) 2. I certify that (check all that apply): ☐ the Attested Shares are NOT held by a trustee or custodian in an IRA account or any tax deferral plan. ☐ I have owned the Attested Shares for AT LEAST SIX MONTHS and did not acquire them in a stock-for-stock transaction during that six months. ☐ the Attested Shares were originally acquired through an incentive stock option (ISO) exercise and ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST ONE YEAR; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN ONE YEAR (Note: Attesting ISO shares held less than one year triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) ☐ the Attested Shares were purchased through the SVB Financial Group Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) and: ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST EIGHTEEN MONTHS; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN EIGHTEEN MONTHS (Note: Attesting ESPP shares held less than eighteen months triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) 3. Apply toward the option price: ☐ the maximum number of whole shares necessary to pay the aggregate exercise price of my option. I agree to settle any fractional share balance with the Company within 2 days of the Effective Date via check. ☐ the total number of whole shares represented by this attestation to pay for only part of the exercise price. I agree to settle the remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price by check within 1 day of the Effective Date. Although I will not be required to make actual delivery of the Attested Shares and I will retain full ownership of the Attested Shares, I represent that I (with the consent of the joint owner, if any) have the full power to deliver the Attested Shares to the Company for their benefit. By signing, any joint owner consents to the exercise of the stock option(s) using Attested Shares and agrees with any representations made above pursuant to the Attested Shares. Signature of Participant Signature of any Joint Owner Print Name Effective Date Print Name 10 Exhibit 10.19 Notice of Grant of Stock Options and Award Agreement Grant Agreement: Participant Name: ###PARTICIPANT_NAME### Employee Number: ###EMPLOYEE_NUMBER### Total Nonqualified Stock Options: Total ###DICTIONARY_AWARD_NAME###: ###TOTAL_AWARDS### Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_VEST_SCHEDULE_TABLE### SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Name: ###GRANT_NAME### Issue Date/Date of Grant: ###ISSUE_DATE### Expiry/Expiration Date: ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_EXPIRY_DATE### Grant/Option Price: ###GRANT_PRICE### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_START### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_END### ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_NUMBER### Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you have been granted a Nonqualified Stock Option to buy Shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) stock at the Option Price listed in the Grant Agreement above (the “Option”). Shares in each period will become fully vested on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule, subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. The Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance and the Company’s signature below, you and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Global Nonstatutory Stock Option Award Agreement, including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. ###HR_SIGNATURE### SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL NONSTATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) and this Global Nonstatutory Stock Option Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Nonstatutory Stock Option Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”) has granted to Participant an Option to purchase shares of the Common Stock of the Company (“Shares”). This Option is not intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Stock Options (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your Option are as follows: 1. TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS OPTION. The total number of Shares subject to this Option is set forth in the Notice of Grant. 2. VESTING. Subject to the limitations contained herein, the Option will vest (become exercisable) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) you cease to be a Service Provider for any reason, or (ii) this Option becomes fully vested. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. In the event of your termination as a Service Provider (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later to be found invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any), (i) your right to vest in this Option under the Plan, if any, and (ii) the period (if any) during which you may exercise this Option shall be measured by the date upon which your employment with your employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the other terms of your employment agreement, if any. The Committee shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer employed for purposes of the Option. 3. OPTION PRICE AND METHOD OF PAYMENT. (a) Option Price. The Option Price per Share is the price set forth in the Notice of Grant, such price being not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant of this Option. (b) Method of Payment. Payment of the Option Price per Share is due in full upon exercise of all or any part of each installment which has accrued to you. You may elect, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, to make payment of the Option Price under one of the following alternatives: (i) Payment of the Option Price per Share in cash (including check) at the time of exercise; (ii) For U.S. taxpayers only, provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded and quoted regularly in the Wall Street Journal, payment by delivery of already-owned Shares, held for the period required to avoid a charge to the Company’s reported earnings, and owned free and 2 clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, which Common Stock shall be valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise; Company in connection with the Plan; or (iii) Consideration received by the Company under a formal cashless exercise program adopted by the (iv) Payment by a combination of the methods of payment permitted by Section 3(b)(i), (ii), and (iii) above. 4. WHOLE SHARES. This Option may only be exercised for whole Shares. 5. SECURITIES LAW COMPLIANCE. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, unless there is an available exemption from any registration, qualification or other legal requirement applicable to the Shares, the Company shall not be required to deliver any Shares issuable upon exercise of the Option prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Shares under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities or exchange control law or under rulings or regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or of any other governmental regulatory body, or prior to obtaining any approval or other clearance from any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal governmental agency, which registration, qualification or approval the Company shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable. You understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the Shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend the Plan and the Award Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of shares. 6. TERM. The term of this Option commences on the Date of Grant and expires on the Expiration Date, unless this Option expires sooner as set forth below or in the Plan. In no event may this Option be exercised on or after the Expiration Date. This Option shall terminate prior to the Expiration Date as follows: three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider unless one of the following circumstances exists: (a) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Disability. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months following such termination. (b) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your death. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months after your death. (c) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to Cause (as defined in the Plan). This Option will then expire on the date of such termination. (d) If during any part of such three (3)-month period you may not exercise your Option solely because of the condition set forth in Section 5 above, then your Option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or until this Option shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider. (e) If your exercise of the Option within three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider would result in liability under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, then your Option will expire on the earlier of (i) the Expiration Date set forth above, or (ii) the tenth (10th) day after the last date upon which exercise would result in such liability. 3 However, this Option may be exercised following your termination as a Service Provider only as to that number of Shares as to which it was exercisable on the date of termination under the provisions of Section 2 of this Option. 7. EXERCISE. (a) This Option is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice, in the form and manner determined by the Administrator, or (ii) following an electronic or other exercise procedure prescribed by the Administrator, which in either case shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised, and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. Participant shall provide payment of any applicable Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) arising in connection with such exercise. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed exercise notice or completion of such exercise procedure, as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion, accompanied by any applicable Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein). (b) By exercising this Option you agree that, as a precondition to the completion of any exercise, you must satisfy the Tax-Related Items in accordance with Section 10, herein. 8. TRANSFERABILITY. (a) This Option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. (b) The terms of this Award Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 6(b) relating to termination as a result of death) shall apply to your beneficiaries (provided such beneficiaries have been designated prior to your death in a form acceptable to the Administrator) and executors and administrators including the right to agree to any amendment of the applicable Award Agreement. (c) An Option shall be exercised only by you (or your attorney in fact or guardian) or, in the case of your death, by the executor or administrator, and no Shares shall be issued by the Company unless the exercise of an Option is accompanied by sufficient payment, as determined by the Company, to meet the Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) on such exercise or by other arrangements satisfactory to the Committee to provide such payment. 9. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. You acknowledge and agree to the following: • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of this Option is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of options, or benefits in lieu of the options even if options have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future Option or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; your participation in the Plan is voluntary; this Option and any Shares acquired under the Plan and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of- service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; 4 • • • • • • • the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty; if the underlying Shares do not increase in value, this Option will have no value; if you exercise this Option and acquire Shares, the value of such Shares may increase or decrease in value, even below the Option Price; this Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider; neither the Plan nor the Option shall be construed to create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or service contract with the Company, your Employer or any Affiliate, and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate your status as a Service Provider (if any); no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of this Option resulting from the termination of your status as a Service Provider (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, this Option and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have this Option or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares of the Company; and • the following provisions apply only if you are providing services outside the United States: ▪ ▪ this Option and the Shares subject to this Option, and the income from and value of the same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of this Option or of any amounts due to you pursuant to the exercise of this Option or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon exercise. 10. WITHHOLDING OF TAXES. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with your participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable to you (the “Tax- Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, you hereby acknowledge and agree that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains your responsibility and liability. You acknowledge that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares or make payment in connection with the Option shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. By your acceptance of the Option, you authorize the Company, the Employer or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on your behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to you as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax Related Items unless such method of exercise is not available to you under the terms of the Appendix or as otherwise determined by the Company. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, you further authorize the Company or the Employer to satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deducting an amount from your wages or from other cash compensation to be paid to you by the Company or the Employer. If authorized by the Company, employees who are U.S. taxpayers residing in the United States also may exercise the Option through Share attestation. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including 5 maximum applicable rates in your jurisdiction(s), in which case you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. Finally, you agree to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax-Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by one of the methods of exercise set forth in this Award Agreement and authorized under the Plan. 11. [RESERVED.] 12. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting and exercise of the Option under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and you with all Applicable Laws. 13. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the Option awarded under the Plan or future Options that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. You hereby consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind you and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 14. NOTICES. Any notices provided for in this Option or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the address specified below or at such other address as you hereafter designate by written notice to the Company. 15. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This Option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this Option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Option and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 16. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan, or your acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. You should consult with your own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding your participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 17. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 18. LANGUAGE. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language, or have consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow you to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If you have received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 19. APPENDIX. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if you reside outside the United States at any time during the life of this Option, your participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if you relocate to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to you, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 20. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating 6 any dispute that arises under this Option or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California , or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Option is made and/or to be performed. 21. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, this Option and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 22. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the Option, you acknowledge that you are bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You further acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., Options) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You acknowledge that it is your responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and you should speak to your personal advisor on this matter. 23. FOREIGN ASSET/ACCOUNT, EXCHANGE CONTROL AND TAX REPORTING. Depending on your country, you may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect your ability acquire or hold Options or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside your country. The applicable laws of your country may require that you report such Options, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to your country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. You acknowledge that you are responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult your personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 24. WAIVER. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by you or any other participant. 7 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Notice of Exercise I, _____________________ , elect to exercise the following SVB Financial Group stock option(s): Grant Number: Grant Date: Type of Option: Number of Shares to be Exercised: Exercise Price Per Share: Aggregate Exercise Price: NQ NQ NQ $ $ $ TYPE OF EXERCISE: ☐ CASH(1) ☐ CASHLESS (Sale of underlying shares of option to pay exercise price) ☐ STOCK(1)(2) (For U.S. taxpayers only - use already-held shares to pay exercise price) ☐ Sell shares ☐ Sell all shares listed above Attach Share Attestation Form BROKER INFORMATION (if applicable): Firm: Contact Person: DTC # Phone: Account # Fax: ☐ I authorize my broker to pay SVB Financial Group the aggregate exercise price. For non-qualified (NQ) shares, I also authorize my broker to pay Silicon Valley Bank for the applicable taxes owed. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS: ☐ Mail certificate to my home address. ☐ Deliver electronically to my Broker. I will (i) provide any additional documents you require pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement, (ii) pay any withholding taxes resulting from exercise of a NQ stock option. SS#: Telephone: Date: Very truly yours, Signed Address (1) The Effective Date of cash and stock exercises is the day cash, stock, or Share Attestation Form is received by Stock Administration, unless otherwise notified by Stock Administration as a result of insider trading restrictions. If delivery is made by US Mail (or overnight courier) the Effective Date is the postmark date (or pick-up date). The value of shares remitted for stock transactions is based on the closing stock price on the Effective Date. (2) Attested shares must meet certain requirements. 8 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Share Attestation Form for U.S. Taxpayers I will use shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) common stock I already own to pay the exercise price on the stock options identified on the attached Notice of Exercise. I will not deliver the shares. The Company will subtract the number of shares required to pay the exercise price from the underlying shares I am entitled to receive from the stock option and send me the balance. 1. I certify that I own ___________ shares of SVB Financial Group common stock (the “Attested Shares”) which I tender to pay part or all of the stock option exercise price. I hold the Attested Shares (check one): ☐ individually. A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ jointly as ___________ . A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ in a brokerage account in the name(s) of ___________ . A photocopy of a brokerage statement from the preceding two months showing the Company stock is attached. (Note: Irrelevant information related to other investments may be blocked out.) 2. I certify that (check all that apply): ☐ the Attested Shares are NOT held by a trustee or custodian in an IRA account or any tax deferral plan. ☐ I have owned the Attested Shares for AT LEAST SIX MONTHS and did not acquire them in a stock-for-stock transaction during that six months. ☐ the Attested Shares were originally acquired through an incentive stock option (ISO) exercise and ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST ONE YEAR; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN ONE YEAR (Note: Attesting ISO shares held less than one year triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) ☐ the Attested Shares were purchased through the SVB Financial Group Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) and: ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST EIGHTEEN MONTHS; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN EIGHTEEN MONTHS (Note: Attesting ESPP shares held less than eighteen months triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) 3. Apply toward the option price: ☐ the maximum number of whole shares necessary to pay the aggregate exercise price of my option. I agree to settle any fractional share balance with the Company within 2 days of the Effective Date via check. ☐ the total number of whole shares represented by this attestation to pay for only part of the exercise price. I agree to settle the remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price by check within 1 day of the Effective Date. Although I will not be required to make actual delivery of the Attested Shares and I will retain full ownership of the Attested Shares, I represent that I (with the consent of the joint owner, if any) have the full power to deliver the Attested Shares to the Company for their benefit. By signing, any joint owner consents to the exercise of the stock option(s) using Attested Shares and agrees with any representations made above pursuant to the Attested Shares. Signature of Participant Signature of any Joint Owner Print Name Effective Date Print Name 9 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL NONSTATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the Option granted to you under the Plan if you are in one of the countries listed below. If you are a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which you are currently residing and/or working or if you move to another country after receiving the Option, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to you. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which you should be aware with respect to your participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that you not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of your participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time you exercise the Option or sell any Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to your particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure you of a particular result. Accordingly, you are advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in your country may apply to your situation. Finally, if you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working, or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if you transfer employment and/or residency to another country after the Option has been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all Options or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting Options, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s A-1 participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. You hereby authorize the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. You further authorize the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors and to record such information and to keep such information in your employee file. Notifications Securities Law Notification. You are permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., the Option), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the Option must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are A-2 acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. You should consult with your personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA The following provision applies if you are not a PRC national but are working in the PRC. (If you are a PRC national residing in the PRC or the Company has otherwise determined that the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) rules apply to you, please contact Stock Administration as you may have received this Award Agreement in error.) Terms and Conditions Exchange Control Requirements. You understand and agree to comply with all exchange control restrictions imposed by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) or other exchange control authority in connection with the Option granted by the Company. You further agree to comply with any requirements that may be imposed by the Company in the future in order to facilitate compliance with exchange control requirements in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”). You understand that it is your sole responsibility to comply with applicable exchange control restrictions in China. GERMANY Notifications Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. You are responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. ISRAEL Terms and Conditions The following provision applies to you if you are in Israel on the Date of Grant. Trust Arrangement. You understand and agree that the Option is offered subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Plan, Israeli Subplan (the “Subplan”), Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking. You understand that the Option shall be allocated under the provisions of the track referred to as the “Capital Gain Route,” according to Section 102(b)(2) and 102(b)(3) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (“Section 102”) and shall be held by the trustee for the periods stated in Section 102. You hereby confirm that you have: (i) read and understand the Plan, A-3 Subplan, Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking; (ii) received all the clarifications and explanations that you have requested; and (iii) had the opportunity to consult with your advisers before accepting the Award Agreement. In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Israeli Appendix and the Award Agreement, the provisions of this Appendix shall govern the Option and any Shares and in no event shall any term require shareholder approval as set out in Section 21(b) of the Plan. Limited Transferability. This provision supplements Section 8 of the Award Agreement: As long as the Option or any issued Shares are held by the Trustee on your behalf, all of your rights over the Option or the Shares are personal and cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or mortgaged, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, Section 102 and any rules or regulations or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder, to obtain favorable tax treatment for Capital Gain Route awards, you may not sell or release from trust any Shares received upon exercise of the Option and/or any Shares received subsequently following any realization of rights, including without limitation, bonus shares, until the lapse of the holding period required under Section 102. Notwithstanding the above, if any such sale or release occurs during the holding period, the sanctions under Section 102 and under any rules or regulation or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder will apply to and will be borne by you. Issuance of Shares. If the Shares are to be issued during the holding period, such Shares shall be restricted and will be held by the Trustee on your behalf. In the event that the Shares are to be issued after the expiration of the holding period, you may elect to have the Shares issued and delivered directly to you, provided that you first comply with any Tax-Related Items stipulated under this Award Agreement to the Trustee’s and the Company’s satisfaction, or in trust on your behalf to the Trustee. Withholding of Taxes. This provision supplements Section 10 of the Award Agreement: You hereby agree to indemnify the Company (or any Affiliate) and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any Tax-Related Items and other amounts, or interest or penalty thereon, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such amounts from any payment made to you. Any reference to the Company or the Employer shall include a reference to the Trustee. You hereby undertake to release the Trustee from any liability in respect of any action or decisions duly taken and bona fide executed in relation to the Plan or any options or Shares acquired under the Plan. You agree to execute any and all documents which the Company or the Trustee may reasonably determine to be necessary in order to comply with the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. You shall not be liable for the Employer’s components of payments to the national insurance institute, unless otherwise agreed by you and allowed by applicable tax laws. Furthermore, you agree to indemnify the Company, the Employer and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any such tax or interest or penalty thereon that you have agreed to pay, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such tax from any payment made to you for which you are responsible. A-4 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Award Agreement, no Tax-Related Items will be settled by withholding Shares, unless the ITA approves otherwise in writing. Governing Law. This section supplements Section 21 of the Award Agreement: To the extent any covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement and your rights hereunder are intended to be rights granted under Section 102 and therefore determined to be subject to Israeli law, such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement shall be subject to applicable Israeli law, but shall in no way affect, impair or invalidate any other provision of the Award Agreement, and the applicability of the Plan to such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement. Written Acceptance. You must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of the Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the Option may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. The following provision applies if you transfer into Israel after the Date of Grant. Exercise. The following provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement. At the discretion of the Company, you will be restricted to exercising your Option using a cashless sell-all exercise method, pursuant to which all Shares are sold immediately upon exercise of the Option and you receive the sale proceeds less the Option Price, Tax-Related Items and any applicable broker fees or commissions. In this case, you will not be entitled to hold any Shares acquired at exercise. A-5 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT ISRAEL BENEFICIARY 102 UNDERTAKING If you have not already executed an Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking in connection with grants made under the Israeli Subplan, you must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of this Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If SVB Financial Group does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the Option may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I hereby agree that any shares (the “Shares”) (as defined by Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 1961) (the “Tax Ordinance”) issued to me by SVB Financial Group according to and under the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Israeli Subplan adopted by SVB Financial Group as of January 8, 2014 (collectively, the "Plan") are granted to me to qualify under the capital gain tax treatment in accordance and pursuant to Section 102(b)(2) of the Tax Ordinance after 132 amendment (“Section 102”) and the Income Tax Rules (Tax Relief upon the Allotment of Shares to Employees), 2003 (the “Rules”) unless I am otherwise notified subject to SVB Financial Group’s absolute discretion to change such election on future grants and subject to the Tax Authorities’ approval. I declare and confirm that I am familiar with the terms of Section 102, the Rules, and the implications and consequences of the chosen tax arrangement with respect to the Shares, and consent that all the terms and conditions set forth in Section 102 and the Rules, as shall be amended from time to time, shall apply to me and bind me. I hereby declare and confirm that I am familiar with the provisions of the trust agreement signed between SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and Tamir Fishman Trusts 2004 Ltd., or its successor in interest (the “Trustee”) (the “Trust Agreement”), including the deed of trust, attached to the Trust Agreement and constitute an integral part thereto (“Deed of Trust”), and I consent that the Trust Agreement and the Deed of Trust shall fully bind me. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I agree that the Shares will be deposited in trust with the Trustee and be held in trust in accordance with Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby declare and consent that any and all the rights that I shall be entitled to with respect to the Shares, including, without limitation, dividend, bonus shares and shares issued pursuant to adjustments made by SVB Financial Group, shall be issued in the name of the Trustee and be deposited with the Trustee, and shall be subject to Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I acknowledge that during the “Holding Period” as determined by the Tax Ordinance I am prevented from selling the Shares, or releasing them from the Trustee, before the termination of the “Holding Period” and I understand the tax implications and consequences that may be applied as a result of breaching such obligation, as set by Section 102, which I am familiar with. A-6 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. If I will cease to be an Israeli resident or if my employment will be terminated for any reason, the Shares shall remain subject to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree that any tax liability whatsoever arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any awards, sale of Shares, release of Shares from the Trustee or any other event or act with respect to the Shares granted to me, shall be borne solely by me. I declare and consent that the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee shall make any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, to any tax authority, according to Section 102, the Rules, the Trust Agreement or any other compulsory payments or applicable law. I understand that this grant of Shares under the capital gain track is conditioned upon the receipt, inter alia, of all required approvals from the tax authorities. Accordingly, to the extent that for whatever reason SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. shall not be granted an approval by the Israeli Tax Authorities under section 102, I shall bear and pay any and all taxes and any other compulsory payments applicable to the grant, exercise, sale or other disposition of options or stocks; I hereby declare and consent for the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee to deduct any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, for any payment to the tax authorities, according to the Rules, or any other applicable compulsory payments. I confirm that SVB Financial Group and/or the Trustee shall not be required to release any Shares or any proceeds deriving from the sale of Shares, to me, until all required tax payments according to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement, including any other compulsory payments, or applicable law, have been fully assured. I acknowledge that the Trustee is not a tax advisor and it is recommended that I consult a tax advisor before I accept this letter, any restricted stock units vest, sell any Shares or release them from the Trustee, or any other act. I agree to indemnify SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee and to hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any damage and/or loss and/or expense that might occur regarding the tax liability and/or the execution of the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree to bear all the applicable fees and commissions involved in establishing and maintaining trust account in the Trustee’s name, and in performing any action in the trust account. I hereby agree to sign any document reasonably required at SVB Financial Group’s and/or the Trustee’s request. I hereby confirm that I read this letter thoroughly, received all the clarifications and explanations I requested, I understand the contents of this letter and the obligations I undertake in signing it. ____________________ _______________ ___________________ Name of the Beneficiary I.D. Number Signature A-7 UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 10 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 10 of the Award Agreement, you agree that you are liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenant to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). You also agree to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on your behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to you on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. You are responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from you by any of the means referred to in Section 10 of the Award Agreement. A-8 Exhibit 10.20 Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Unit Award and Award Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee Number: Total RSUs: Up to Grant Name: Issue Date/Date of Grant: Grant Price: <$**.** USD> Plan: <2006 Equity Incentive Plan> Vesting Schedule - RSU The vesting of the RSUs (as defined below) granted hereunder is time-based, as follows: • [Time Vesting-] Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you have been granted an Award of Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) under the SVB Financial Group 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”). Unless otherwise defined herein or in the Award Agreement, capitalized terms herein or in the Award Agreement will have the defined meanings ascribed to them in the Plan. RSUs in each period will vest in increments on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (“Vesting Dates”), subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the RSUs subject to the Award will fully vest. Unless otherwise specified in the Restricted Stock Unit Election Form (the “Election”), the Settlement Dates for the RSUs shall be the Vesting Dates. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, pursuant to Section 6 of the Award Agreement) in whole Shares, less applicable Tax-Related Items. The Company shall issue to you, on a date within thirty (30) days following the Settlement Date, a number of whole Shares to equal to the vested RSUs. The RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. [If permitted, you may elect to defer delivery of the payment of any Shares, which election will be subject to such documentation as the Company may promptly and reasonably request. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, any such deferral election by you will be void and not given effect unless your deferral election is made at least twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares otherwise are scheduled to be paid. The Committee may require that you make an election earlier than twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares are scheduled to be paid. Upon the date the Shares vest to which a deferral election applies, the Company will create a bookkeeping entry initially representing an amount equivalent to the Fair Market Value of the number of Shares that would have otherwise been payable hereunder had a deferral election not been made. Any such obligation will represent an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company.] 1 By your acceptance and the Company’s signature below, you and the Company agree that these RSUs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Award Agreement including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date 1 Bracketed language to be used only for directors and executives SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT 1. Grant. The Company hereby grants to the Participant under the Plan an Award of the number of RSUs set forth on the first page hereof, subject to all of the terms and conditions in this Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”) and the Plan. 2. Company’s Obligation. Each RSU represents the right to receive a share of Common Stock (“Share”) on the date it becomes vested. Unless and until the RSUs will have vested in the manner set forth in Sections 3 and 4, the Participant will have no right to issuance of Shares in connection with any such RSUs. Prior to actual payment of any vested RSUs, such RSUs will represent an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the general assets of the Company. 3. Vesting Schedule. Subject to Section 4, the RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will vest in the Participant according to the vesting schedule set forth on the first page hereof, subject to the Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through the Vesting Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of his or her death or Disability, then 100% of the RSUs subject to this Award will fully vest. 4. Forfeiture upon Termination of Status as a Service Provider. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Award Agreement (but subject to the provisions of Section 3), if the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any or no reason (other than due to the Participant’s death or Disability prior to the Vesting Date, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will thereupon be forfeited at no cost to the Company or its Affiliate and the Participant will have no further rights thereunder. In the event of the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later to be found invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any), the Participant’s right to vest in the RSUs under the Plan, if any, will terminate effective as of the date that the Participant is no longer employed by the Participant’s employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any. The Committee shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when the Participant is no longer employed for purposes of the RSUs. 5. Issuance after Vesting. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be settled in whole Shares delivered to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, pursuant to Section 6 hereof), provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, less any Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 7 below) withholding. The Company shall issue such Shares to the Participant within thirty (30) days of the Vesting Date. 6. Issuance after Death. Any issuance to be made to the Participant under this Award Agreement will, if the Participant is then deceased, be made to the Participant’s designated beneficiary (provided such beneficiary has been designated prior to the Participant’s death in a form acceptable to the Administrator), or if no beneficiary survives the Participant, the personal representative, administrator or executor of the Participant’s estate. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written 2 notice of his or her status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations pertaining to said transfer. 7. Withholding of Taxes. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with the Participant’s participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to the Participant’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to the Participant (the “Tax-Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, the Participant hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains the Participant’s responsibility and liability. The Participant acknowledges that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares in connection with the RSUs shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. Unless otherwise determined by the Company or set forth in the Appendix, Tax-Related Items withholding obligations shall be satisfied by having the Company and/or the Employer withhold the cash equivalent of all or a portion of any Shares that otherwise would be issued to the Participant upon settlement of the vested RSUs. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in the Participant’s jurisdiction(s), in which case the Participant may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. For tax purposes, the Participant is deemed to have been issued the full number of Shares subject to the vested RSUs, notwithstanding that a number of the Shares is held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items withholding. The Company or the Employer may also satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer. Alternatively, by the Participant’s acceptance of the RSUs, the Participant authorizes and directs the Company or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on the Participant’s behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to the Participant as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax-Related Items. Finally, the Participant agrees to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax- Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer or sale of the Shares acquired under the Plan. 8. Dividend Equivalents. If the Company declares a cash dividend with respect to Shares, the Participant will receive credits equal to the amount of the cash dividends payable on the cash dividend payment date with respect to the number of Shares represented by the RSUs outstanding as of the cash dividend record date. The credits will be subject to the same terms and conditions that apply to the RSUs (including vesting conditions), such that no payment shall be made to the Participant unless and until the corresponding RSUs have vested in accordance with Section 3. The credits will be settled in Shares or cash as determined by the Company in its sole discretion on the date the underlying RSUs are settled, subject to the Company’s collection of the Tax-Related Items pursuant to Section 7. If an RSU is settled before a cash dividend payment date, but after the cash dividend record date, the Participant will be entitled to be paid for the credits that relate to such RSUs on the cash dividend payment date, or as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter. If the credit is settled in Shares, the number of Shares payable will equal the dollar value of such credits on the settlement date divided by the Fair Market Value of a Share on the settlement date rounded down to the nearest whole Share. In the event of a dividend or distribution paid in Shares or any other adjustment made upon a change in the capital structure of the Company as described in Section 16 of the Plan, appropriate adjustments will be made to the RSUs so that they represent the right to receive upon settlement any and all new, substituted or additional securities or other property (other than cash dividends) to which the Participant would be entitled by reason of the Shares issuable upon settlement of the RSUs, and all such new, substituted or additional securities or other property will be immediately subject to the same vesting conditions as are applicable to the RSUs. 3 9. Rights as Stockholder. Neither the Participant nor any person claiming under or through the Participant will have any of the rights or privileges of a stockholder of the Company in respect of any Shares deliverable hereunder unless and until certificates representing such Shares have been issued, recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and delivered to the Participant. 10. Acknowledgements. The Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following: • • • • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of the RSUs is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of RSUs, or benefits in lieu of the RSUs even if the RSUs have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future RSUs or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; the Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable and cannot be predicted with certainty; the RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider; no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the RSUs resulting from the termination of the Participant's employment or other service relationship (for any reason whatsoever whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any); the RSU grant and the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall not create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or services contract with the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate the Participant’s employment or service relationship (if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the RSUs and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the RSUs or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the shares of the Company; • the following provisions apply only if the Participant is providing services outside the United States: 4 ▪ ▪ the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of the same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between the Participant’s local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of the RSUs or of any amounts due to the Participant pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon settlement. 11. No Advice Regarding Grant. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Participant’s participation in the Plan, or the Participant’s acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. The Participant should consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 12. Address for Notices. Any notice to be given to the Company under the terms of this Award Agreement will be addressed to the Company at 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration, or at such other address as the Company may hereafter designate in writing. 13. Grant is Not Transferable. Except to the limited extent provided in Section 6, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby will not be transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) and will not be subject to sale under execution, attachment or similar process. Upon any attempt to transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of this grant, or any right or privilege conferred hereby, or upon any attempted sale under any execution, attachment or similar process, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby immediately will become null and void. 14. Binding Agreement. Subject to the limitation on the transferability of this grant contained herein, this Award Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors and assigns of the parties hereto. 15. Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If at any time the Company will determine, in its discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of the Shares upon any securities exchange or under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to the Participant (or his estate), such issuance will not occur unless and until such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval will have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. Where the Company determines that the issuance of any Shares will violate U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities laws or other applicable laws, the Company will defer delivery until the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the delivery of Shares will no longer cause such violation. The Company will make all reasonable efforts to meet the requirements of any law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority. 16. Plan Governs. This Award Agreement is subject to all terms and provisions of the Plan. In the event of a conflict between one or more provisions of this Award Agreement and one or more provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will govern. 17. Administrator Authority. The Administrator will have the power to interpret the Plan and this Award Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke any such rules (including, but not limited to, the determination of whether or not any RSUs have vested). All actions taken and all interpretations and 5 determinations made by the Administrator in good faith will be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Administrator will be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award Agreement. 18. Captions. Captions provided herein are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Award Agreement. 19. Agreement Severable. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 20. Modifications to the Agreement. This Award Agreement, including the Appendix, and the Plan constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. The Participant expressly warrants that he or she is not accepting this Award Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. Modifications to this Award Agreement or the Plan can be made only in an express written contract executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company. 21. Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to RSUs awarded under the Plan or future RSUs that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request the Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. The Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind the Participant and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 22. Compliance with Applicable Laws. The vesting of the RSUs under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and the Participant with all Applicable Laws. 23. Language. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is proficient in the English language, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow the Participant to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If the Participant has received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 24. Appendix. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if the Participant resides outside the United States at any time during the life of the Award, the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if the Participant relocates to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to the Participant, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 25. Governing Law and Venue. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Award of RSUs or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for 6 the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award of RSUs is made and/or to be performed. 26. Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on the Participant’s participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require the Participant to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 27. Insider Trading/Market Abuse Restrictions. By accepting the RSUs, the Participant acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant further acknowledges that, depending on the Participant’s or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect the Participant’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as the Participant is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders the Participant placed before the Participant possessed inside information. Furthermore, the Participant could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and the Participant should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter. 28. Foreign Asset/Account, Exchange Control and Tax Reporting. Depending on the Participant’s country, the Participant may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect the Participant’s ability acquire or hold RSUs or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside the Participant’s country. The applicable laws of the Participant’s country may require that he or she report such RSUs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to the Participant’s country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult his or her personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 29. Waiver. The Participant acknowledges that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by the Participant or any other participant. 7 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the RSUs granted to the Participant under the Plan if he or she is in one of the countries listed below. If the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which the Participant is currently residing and/or working or if the Participant moves to another country after receiving the grant of RSUs, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to the Participant. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which the Participant should be aware with respect to his or her participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that the Participant not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of the Participant’s participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time the RSUs vest, the Shares underlying the RSUs are issued or the Participant sells Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to the Participant’s particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure the Participant of a particular result. Accordingly, the Participant is advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in his country may apply to the Participant’s situation. Finally, if the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which he or she is currently working, or is considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if the Participant transfers employment and/or residency to another country after the RSUs have been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all RSUs or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). A-1 Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting RSUs, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. The Participant hereby authorizes the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. The Participant further authorizes the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors. The Participant further authorizes the company and any Affiliate to record such information and to keep such information in the Participant’s employee file. A-2 Notifications Securities Law Notification. The Participant is permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., RSUs), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the RSUs must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. The Participant should consult with his or her personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA Terms and Conditions Unless otherwise required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”), the following provisions apply only to Participants who are nationals of the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) and reside in the PRC ,as determined by the Company in its sole discretion. Issuance After Vesting. This provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement: Upon the vesting of RSUs in accordance with Section 3, the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) shall be paid an amount in local currency through local payroll that is equal in value to the Fair Market Value of the applicable number of whole Shares otherwise issuable at vesting, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs shall be deducted from the amount of cash otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. This provision supplements Section 8 of the Award Agreement: To the extent that dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. A-3 GERMANY Notifications Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. The Participant is responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. INDIA Terms and Conditions Issuance after Vesting. The following provision supplements Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid in cash to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) based on the value equivalent to the number of applicable whole Shares, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs will be paid from the amount otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. ISRAEL Terms and Conditions The following provision applies to the Participant if the Participant is in Israel on the Date of Grant. Trust Arrangement. The Participant understands and agrees that the RSUs are offered subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Plan, Israeli Subplan (the “Subplan”), Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking. The Participant understands that the RSUs shall be allocated under the provisions of the track referred to as the “Capital Gain Route,” according to Section 102(b)(2) and 102(b)(3) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (“Section 102”) and shall be held by the trustee for the periods stated in Section 102. The Participant hereby confirms that he or she has: (i) read and understands the Plan, Subplan, Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking; (ii) received all the clarifications and explanations that the Participant has requested; and (iii) had the opportunity to consult with his or her advisers before accepting the Award Agreement. In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Israeli Appendix and the Award Agreement, the provisions of this Appendix shall govern the RSUs and any Shares and in no event shall any term require shareholder approval as set out in Section 21(b) of the Plan. A-4 Limited Transferability. This provision supplements Section 13 of the Award Agreement: As long as the RSUs or any issued Shares are held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf, all of the Participant’s rights over the RSUs or the Shares are personal and cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or mortgaged, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, Section 102 and any rules or regulations or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder, to obtain favorable tax treatment for Capital Gain Route awards, the Participant may not sell or release from trust any Shares received upon vesting of the RSUs and/or any Shares received subsequently following any realization of rights, including without limitation, bonus shares, until the lapse of the holding period required under Section 102. Notwithstanding the above, if any such sale or release occurs during the holding period, the sanctions under Section 102 and under any rules or regulation or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder will apply to and will be borne by the Participant. Issuance of Shares. This provision supplements Sections 5 and 6 of the Award Agreement: If the Shares are to be issued during the holding period, such Shares shall be restricted and will be held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf. In the event that the Shares are to be issued after the expiration of the holding period, the Participant may elect to have the Shares issued and delivered directly to him or her, provided that the Participant first complies with any Tax-Related Items stipulated under this Award Agreement to the Trustee’s and the Company’s satisfaction, or in trust on the Participant’s behalf to the Trustee. Withholding of Taxes. This provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: The Participant hereby agrees to indemnify the Company (or any Affiliate) and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any Tax-Related Items and other amounts, or interest or penalty thereon, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such amounts from any payment made to the Participant. Any reference to the Company or the Employer shall include a reference to the Trustee. The Participant hereby undertakes to release the Trustee from any liability in respect of any action or decisions duly taken and bona fide executed in relation to the Plan or any RSUs or Shares acquired under the Plan. The Participant agrees to execute any and all documents which the Company or the Trustee may reasonably determine to be necessary in order to comply with the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. The Participant shall not be liable for the Employer’s components of payments to the national insurance institute, unless otherwise agreed by the Participant and allowed by applicable tax laws. Furthermore, the Participant agrees to indemnify the Company, the Employer and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any such tax or interest or penalty thereon that Participant has agreed to pay, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such tax from any payment made to the Participant for which the Participant is responsible. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Award Agreement, no Tax-Related Items will be settled by withholding Shares, unless the ITA approves otherwise in writing. A-5 Governing Law. This section supplements Section 26 of the Award Agreement: To the extent any covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement and the rights of the Participant hereunder are intended to be rights granted under Section 102 and therefore determined to be subject to Israeli law, such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement shall be subject to applicable Israeli law, but shall in no way affect, impair or invalidate any other provision of the Award Agreement, and the applicability of the Plan to such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement. Written Acceptance. The Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of the Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. The following provision applies if the Participant transfers into Israel after the Date of Grant. Issuance after Vesting. The following provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with the vesting schedule in the Notice of Grant will be paid to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant's death, to his or her estate), upon satisfaction, as determined by the Company, of any Tax-Related Items as set forth in Section 7 of this Award Agreement. At the discretion of the Company, the Shares will be subject to an immediate forced sale restriction, pursuant to which all Shares acquired at vesting will be immediately sold and the Participant will receive the sale proceeds less Tax-Related Items and applicable broker fees and commissions. In this case, the Participant will not be entitled to hold any Shares acquired at vesting. A-6 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT ISRAEL BENEFICIARY 102 UNDERTAKING If the Participant has not already executed an Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking in connection with grants made under the Israeli Subplan, the Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of this Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I hereby agree that any shares (the “Shares”) (as defined by Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 1961) (the “Tax Ordinance”) issued to me by SVB Financial Group according to and under the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Israeli Subplan adopted by SVB Financial Group as of January 8, 2014 (collectively, the “Plan”) are granted to me to qualify under the capital gain tax treatment in accordance and pursuant to Section 102(b)(2) of the Tax Ordinance after 132 amendment (“Section 102”) and the Income Tax Rules (Tax Relief upon the Allotment of Shares to Employees), 2003 (the “Rules”) unless I am otherwise notified subject to SVB Financial Group’s absolute discretion to change such election on future grants and subject to the Tax Authorities’ approval. I declare and confirm that I am familiar with the terms of Section 102, the Rules, and the implications and consequences of the chosen tax arrangement with respect to the Shares, and consent that all the terms and conditions set forth in Section 102 and the Rules, as shall be amended from time to time, shall apply to me and bind me. I hereby declare and confirm that I am familiar with the provisions of the trust agreement signed between SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and Tamir Fishman Trusts 2004 Ltd., or its successor in interest (the “Trustee”) (the “Trust Agreement”), including the deed of trust, attached to the Trust Agreement and constitute an integral part thereto (“Deed of Trust”), and I consent that the Trust Agreement and the Deed of Trust shall fully bind me. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I agree that the Shares will be deposited in trust with the Trustee and be held in trust in accordance with Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby declare and consent that any and all the rights that I shall be entitled to with respect to the Shares, including, without limitation, dividend, dividend equivalents, bonus shares and shares issued pursuant to adjustments made by SVB Financial Group, shall be issued in the name of the Trustee and be deposited with the Trustee, and shall be subject to Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I acknowledge that during the “Holding Period” as determined by the Tax Ordinance I am prevented from selling the Shares, or releasing them from the Trustee, before the termination of the “Holding Period” and I understand the tax implications and consequences that may be applied as a result of breaching such obligation, as set by Section 102, which I am familiar with. A-7 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. If I will cease to be an Israeli resident or if my employment will be terminated for any reason, the Shares shall remain subject to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree that any tax liability whatsoever arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any awards, sale of Shares, release of Shares from the Trustee or any other event or act with respect to the Shares granted to me, shall be borne solely by me. I declare and consent that the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee shall make any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, to any tax authority, according to Section 102, the Rules, the Trust Agreement or any other compulsory payments or applicable law. I understand that this grant of Shares under the capital gain track is conditioned upon the receipt, inter alia, of all required approvals from the tax authorities. Accordingly, to the extent that for whatever reason SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. shall not be granted an approval by the Israeli Tax Authorities under section 102, I shall bear and pay any and all taxes and any other compulsory payments applicable to the grant, exercise, sale or other disposition of options or stocks; I hereby declare and consent for the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee to deduct any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, for any payment to The tax authorities, according to the Rules, or any other applicable compulsory payments. I confirm that SVB Financial Group and/or the Trustee shall not be required to release any Shares or any proceeds deriving from the sale of Shares, to me, until all required tax payments according to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement, including any other compulsory payments, or applicable law, have been fully assured. I acknowledge that the Trustee is not a tax advisor and it is recommended that I consult a tax advisor before I accept this letter, any restricted stock units vest, sell any Shares or release them from the Trustee, or any other act. I agree to indemnify SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee and to hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any damage and/or loss and/or expense that might occur regarding the tax liability and/or the execution of the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree to bear all the applicable fees and commissions involved in establishing and maintaining trust account in the Trustee’s name, and in performing any action in the trust account. I hereby agree to sign any document reasonably required at the Company’s and/or the Trustee’s request. I hereby confirm that I read this letter thoroughly, received all the clarifications and explanations I requested, I understand the contents of this letter and the obligations I undertake in signing it. ____________________ _______________ ___________________ Name of the Beneficiary I.D. Number Signature A-8 UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions RSUs Payable Only in Shares. RSUs granted to the Participant resident in the United Kingdom shall be paid in Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Plan to the contrary. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement, dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs to a Participant resident in the United Kingdom, the credits shall be settled in whole Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Award Agreement to the contrary. Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 7 of the Award Agreement, the Participant agrees that the Participant is liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenants to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). The Participant also agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on the Participant’s behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant is a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to the Participant on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. The Participant is responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from the Participant by any of the means referred to in Section 7 of the Award Agreement. A-9 Exhibit 10.21 Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Unit Award and Award Agreement (Performance-Based) SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee Number: Total RSUs: Up to Grant Name: Issue Date/Date of Grant: Grant Price: <$**.** USD> Plan: <2006 Equity Incentive Plan> Vesting Schedule - RSU Vesting Conditions Number of RSUs Earned The vesting of the RSUs (as defined below) granted hereunder are both performance- based and time-based, as follows: [Condition 1] [Condition 2] [Condition 3] [Condition 4] 0 • • Performance Condition – [Insert conditions] Time Vesting – To the extent the RSUs are deemed earned, the RSUs will be subject to further vesting and will cliff vest on [ _______ ___, 20___] (the “Vesting Date”) provided the Participant remains a Service Provider as of such Vesting Date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you have been granted an Award of Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) under the SVB Financial Group 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”). Unless otherwise defined herein or in the Award Agreement, capitalized terms herein or in the Award Agreement will have the defined meanings ascribed to them in the Plan. RSUs in each period will vest in increments on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (“Vesting Dates”), subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death, or Disability, and such termination occurs prior to the satisfaction of the Performance Condition(s) listed above, then the number of RSUs that will vest upon your termination will be calculated on a pro-rata basis based on the level of achievement of the Performance Condition(s): (i) as of the end of the applicable performance period (for any Performance Condition(s) where the level of achievement is calculated based on Company performance), or (ii) as of the date of your termination (for any Performance Condition(s) where the level of achievement is calculated based on your individual performance), and in either case, with the level of achievement determined by the Company in its sole discretion. Such pro-rata amount will be calculated based on the number of calendar days that have elapsed between the commencement date of the applicable performance period relating to the Performance Condition(s) listed above and the date of your termination compared to the total number of days in the performance period, If your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, and such termination occurs prior to satisfying the Time Vesting conditions listed above, then 100% of the RSUs subject to Time Vesting will fully vest. Unless otherwise specified in the Restricted Stock Unit Election Form (the “Election”), the Settlement Dates for the RSUs shall be the Vesting Dates. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, pursuant to Section 6 of the Award Agreement) in whole Shares, less applicable Tax-Related Items. The Company shall issue to you, on a date within thirty (30) days following the Settlement Date, a number of whole Shares to equal to the vested RSUs. The RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. [If permitted, you may elect to defer delivery of the payment of any Shares, which election will be subject to such documentation as the Company may promptly and reasonably request. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, any such deferral election by you will be void and not given effect unless your deferral election is made at least twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares otherwise are scheduled to be paid. The Committee may require that you make an election earlier than twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares are scheduled to be paid. Upon the date the Shares vest to which a deferral election applies, the Company will create a bookkeeping entry initially representing an amount equivalent to the Fair Market Value of the number of Shares that would have otherwise been payable hereunder had a deferral election not been made. Any such obligation will represent an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company.] 1 By your acceptance and the Company’s signature below, you and the Company agree that these RSUs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Award Agreement including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name 1 Bracketed language to be used only for directors and executives Date Date 2 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT 1. Grant. The Company hereby grants to the Participant under the Plan an Award of the number of RSUs set forth on the first page hereof (the “Notice of Grant”), subject to all of the terms and conditions in this Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”) and the Plan. 2. Company’s Obligation. Each RSU represents the right to receive a share of Common Stock (“Share”) on the date it becomes vested. Unless and until the RSUs will have vested in the manner set forth in Sections 3 and 4, the Participant will have no right to issuance of Shares in connection with any such RSUs. Prior to actual payment of any vested RSUs, such RSUs will represent an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the general assets of the Company. 3. Vesting Schedule. Subject to Section 4, the RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will vest in the Participant according to the vesting schedule set forth on the first page hereof, subject to the Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through the Vesting Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of his or her death or Disability, then some or all of the RSUs subject to this Award may vest as set forth in the Notice of Grant. 4. Forfeiture upon Termination of Status as a Service Provider. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Award Agreement (but subject to the provisions of Section 3), if the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any or no reason (other than due to the Participant’s death or Disability) prior to the Vesting Date, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will thereupon be forfeited at no cost to the Company or its Affiliate and the Participant will have no further rights thereunder. In the event of the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later to be found invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any), the Participant’s right to vest in the RSUs under the Plan, if any, will terminate effective as of the date that the Participant is no longer employed by the Participant’s employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any. The Committee shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when the Participant is no longer employed for purposes of the RSUs. 5. Issuance after Vesting. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be settled in whole Shares delivered to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, pursuant to Section 6 hereof), provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, less any Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 7 below) withholding. The Company shall issue such Shares to the Participant within thirty (30) days of the Settlement Date. 6. Issuance after Death. Any issuance to be made to the Participant under this Award Agreement will, if the Participant is then deceased, be made to the Participant’s designated beneficiary (provided such beneficiary has been designated prior to the Participant’s death in a form acceptable to the Administrator), or if no beneficiary survives the Participant, the personal representative, administrator or executor of the Participant’s estate. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of his or her status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations pertaining to said transfer. 3 7. Withholding of Taxes. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with the Participant’s participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to the Participant’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to the Participant (the “Tax-Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, the Participant hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains the Participant’s responsibility and liability. The Participant acknowledges that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares in connection with the RSUs shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. Unless otherwise determined by the Company or set forth in the Appendix, Tax-Related Items withholding obligations shall be satisfied by having the Company and/or the Employer withhold the cash equivalent of all or a portion of any Shares that otherwise would be issued to the Participant upon settlement of the vested RSUs. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in the Participant’s jurisdiction(s), in which case the Participant may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. For tax purposes, the Participant is deemed to have been issued the full number of Shares subject to the vested RSUs, notwithstanding that a number of the Shares is held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items withholding. The Company or the Employer may also satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer. Alternatively, by the Participant’s acceptance of the RSUs, the Participant authorizes and directs the Company or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on the Participant’s behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to the Participant as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax-Related Items. Finally, the Participant agrees to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax- Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer or sale of the Shares acquired under the Plan. 8. Dividend Equivalents. If the Company declares a cash dividend with respect to Shares, the Participant will receive credits equal to the amount of the cash dividends payable on the cash dividend payment date with respect to the number of Shares represented by the RSUs outstanding as of the cash dividend record date. The credits will be subject to the same terms and conditions that apply to the RSUs (including vesting conditions), such that no payment shall be made to the Participant unless and until the corresponding RSUs have vested in accordance with Section 3. The credits will be settled in Shares or cash as determined by the Company in its sole discretion on the date the underlying RSUs are settled, subject to the Company’s collection of the Tax-Related Items pursuant to Section 7. If an RSU is settled before a cash dividend payment date, but after the cash dividend record date, the Participant will be entitled to be paid for the credits that relate to such RSUs on the cash dividend payment date, or as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter. If the credit is settled in Shares, the number of Shares payable will equal the dollar value of such credits on the settlement date divided by the Fair Market Value of a Share on the settlement date rounded down to the nearest whole Share. In the event of a dividend or distribution paid in Shares or any other adjustment made upon a change in the capital structure of the Company as described in Section 16 of the Plan, appropriate adjustments will be made to the RSUs so that they represent the right to receive upon settlement any and all new, substituted or additional securities or other property (other than cash dividends) to which the Participant would be entitled by reason of the Shares issuable upon settlement of the RSUs, and all such new, substituted or additional securities or other property will be immediately subject to the same vesting conditions as are applicable to the RSUs. 9. Rights as Stockholder. Neither the Participant nor any person claiming under or through the Participant will have any of the rights or privileges of a stockholder of the Company in respect of any Shares deliverable hereunder unless and until certificates representing such Shares have been issued, 4 recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and delivered to the Participant. 10. Acknowledgements. The Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following: • • • • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of the RSUs is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of RSUs, or benefits in lieu of the RSUs even if the RSUs have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future RSUs or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; the Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable and cannot be predicted with certainty; the RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider; no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the RSUs resulting from the termination of the Participant's employment or other service relationship (for any reason whatsoever whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any); the RSU grant and the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall not create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or services contract with the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate the Participant’s employment or service relationship (if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the RSUs and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the RSUs or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the shares of the Company; and • the following provisions apply only if the Participant is providing services outside the United States: 5 ▪ ▪ the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of the same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between the Participant’s local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of the RSUs or of any amounts due to the Participant pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon settlement. 11. No Advice Regarding Grant. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Participant’s participation in the Plan, or the Participant’s acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. The Participant should consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 12. Address for Notices. Any notice to be given to the Company under the terms of this Award Agreement will be addressed to the Company at 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration, or at such other address as the Company may hereafter designate in writing. 13. Grant is Not Transferable. Except to the limited extent provided in Section 6, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby will not be transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) and will not be subject to sale under execution, attachment or similar process. Upon any attempt to transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of this grant, or any right or privilege conferred hereby, or upon any attempted sale under any execution, attachment or similar process, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby immediately will become null and void. 14. Binding Agreement. Subject to the limitation on the transferability of this grant contained herein, this Award Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors and assigns of the parties hereto. 15. Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If at any time the Company will determine, in its discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of the Shares upon any securities exchange or under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to the Participant (or his estate), such issuance will not occur unless and until such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval will have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. Where the Company determines that the issuance of any Shares will violate U.S. or non-U.S. local, state or federal securities laws or other applicable laws, the Company will defer delivery until the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the delivery of Shares will no longer cause such violation. The Company will make all reasonable efforts to meet the requirements of any law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority. 16. Plan Governs. This Award Agreement is subject to all terms and provisions of the Plan. In the event of a conflict between one or more provisions of this Award Agreement and one or more provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will govern. 17. Administrator Authority. The Administrator will have the power to interpret the Plan and this Award Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke any such rules (including, but not limited to, the determination of whether or not any RSUs have vested). All actions taken and all interpretations and 6 determinations made by the Administrator in good faith will be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Administrator will be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award Agreement. 18. Captions. Captions provided herein are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Award Agreement. 19. Agreement Severable. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 20. Modifications to the Agreement. This Award Agreement, including the Appendix, and the Plan constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. The Participant expressly warrants that he or she is not accepting this Award Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. Modifications to this Award Agreement or the Plan can be made only in an express written contract executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company. 21. Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to RSUs awarded under the Plan or future RSUs that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request the Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. The Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind the Participant and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 22. Compliance with Applicable Laws. The vesting of the RSUs under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and the Participant with all Applicable Laws. 23. Language. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is proficient in the English language, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow the Participant to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If the Participant has received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 24. Appendix. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if the Participant resides outside the United States at any time during the life of the Award, the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if the Participant relocates to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to the Participant, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 25. Governing Law and Venue. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Award of RSUs or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for 7 the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award of RSUs is made and/or to be performed. 26. Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on the Participant’s participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require the Participant to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 27. Insider Trading/Market Abuse Restrictions. By accepting the RSUs, the Participant acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant further acknowledges that, depending on the Participant’s or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect the Participant’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as the Participant is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders the Participant placed before the Participant possessed inside information. Furthermore, the Participant could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and the Participant should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter. 28. Foreign Asset/Account, Exchange Control and Tax Reporting. Depending on the Participant’s country, the Participant may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect the Participant’s ability acquire or hold RSUs or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside the Participant’s country. The applicable laws of the Participant’s country may require that he or she report such RSUs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to the Participant’s country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult his or her personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 29. Waiver. The Participant acknowledges that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by the Participant or any other participant. 8 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the RSUs granted to the Participant under the Plan if he or she is in one of the countries listed below. If the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which the Participant is currently residing and/or working or if the Participant moves to another country after receiving the grant of RSUs, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to the Participant. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which the Participant should be aware with respect to his or her participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that the Participant not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of the Participant’s participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time the RSUs vest, the Shares underlying the RSUs are issued or the Participant sells Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to the Participant’s particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure the Participant of a particular result. Accordingly, the Participant is advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in his country may apply to the Participant’s situation. Finally, if the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which he or she is currently working, or is considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if the Participant transfers employment and/or residency to another country after the RSUs have been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all RSUs or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). A-1 Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting RSUs, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. The Participant hereby authorizes the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. The Participant further authorizes the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors. The Participant further authorizes the company and any Affiliate to record such information and to keep such information in the Participant’s employee file. Notifications Securities Law Notification. The Participant is permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. A-2 Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., RSUs), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the RSUs must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. The Participant should consult with his or her personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA Terms and Conditions Unless otherwise required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”), the following provisions apply only to Participants who are nationals of the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) and reside in the PRC ,as determined by the Company in its sole discretion. Issuance After Vesting. This provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement: Upon the vesting of RSUs in accordance with Section 3, the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) shall be paid an amount in local currency through local payroll that is equal in value to the Fair Market Value of the applicable number of whole Shares otherwise issuable at vesting, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs shall be deducted from the amount of cash otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. This provision supplements Section 8 of the Award Agreement: To the extent that dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. GERMANY Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. The Participant is responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. A-3 INDIA Terms and Conditions Issuance after Vesting. The following provision supplements Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid in cash to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) based on the value equivalent to the number of applicable whole Shares, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs will be paid by reducing the amount otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. ISRAEL Terms and Conditions The following provision applies to the Participant if the Participant is in Israel on the Date of Grant. Trust Arrangement. The Participant understands and agrees that the RSUs are offered subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Plan, Israeli Subplan (the “Subplan”), Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking. The Participant understands that the RSUs shall be allocated under the provisions of the track referred to as the “Capital Gain Route,” according to Section 102(b)(2) and 102(b)(3) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (“Section 102”) and shall be held by the trustee for the periods stated in Section 102. The Participant hereby confirms that he or she has: (i) read and understands the Plan, Subplan, Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking; (ii) received all the clarifications and explanations that the Participant has requested; and (iii) had the opportunity to consult with his or her advisers before accepting the Award Agreement. In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Israeli Appendix and the Award Agreement, the provisions of this Appendix shall govern the RSUs and any Shares and in no event shall any term require shareholder approval as set out in Section 21(b) of the Plan. Limited Transferability. This provision supplements Section 13 of the Award Agreement: As long as the RSUs or any issued Shares are held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf, all of the Participant’s rights over the RSUs or the Shares are personal and cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or mortgaged, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, Section 102 and any rules or regulations or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder, to obtain favorable tax treatment for Capital Gain Route awards, the Participant may not sell or release from trust any Shares received upon vesting of the RSUs and/or any Shares received subsequently following any realization of rights, including without limitation, bonus shares, until the lapse of the holding period required under Section 102. Notwithstanding the above, if any such sale or release occurs during the holding period, the sanctions under Section 102 and under any rules or regulation or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder will apply to and will be borne by the Participant. A-4 Issuance of Shares. This provision supplements Sections 5 and 6 of the Award Agreement: If the Shares are to be issued during the holding period, such Shares shall be restricted and will be held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf. In the event that the Shares are to be issued after the expiration of the holding period, the Participant may elect to have the Shares issued and delivered directly to him or her, provided that the Participant first complies with any Tax-Related Items stipulated under this Award Agreement to the Trustee’s and the Company’s satisfaction, or in trust on the Participant’s behalf to the Trustee. Withholding of Taxes. This provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: The Participant hereby agrees to indemnify the Company (or any Affiliate) and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any Tax-Related Items and other amounts, or interest or penalty thereon, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such amounts from any payment made to the Participant. Any reference to the Company or the Employer shall include a reference to the Trustee. The Participant hereby undertakes to release the Trustee from any liability in respect of any action or decisions duly taken and bona fide executed in relation to the Plan or any RSUs or Shares acquired under the Plan. The Participant agrees to execute any and all documents which the Company or the Trustee may reasonably determine to be necessary in order to comply with the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. The Participant shall not be liable for the Employer’s components of payments to the national insurance institute, unless otherwise agreed by the Participant and allowed by applicable tax laws. Furthermore, the Participant agrees to indemnify the Company, the Employer and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any such tax or interest or penalty thereon that Participant has agreed to pay, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such tax from any payment made to the Participant for which the Participant is responsible. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Award Agreement, no Tax-Related Items will be settled by withholding Shares, unless the ITA approves otherwise in writing. Governing Law. This section supplements Section 26 of the Award Agreement: To the extent any covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement and the rights of the Participant hereunder are intended to be rights granted under Section 102 and therefore determined to be subject to Israeli law, such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement shall be subject to applicable Israeli law, but shall in no way affect, impair or invalidate any other provision of the Award Agreement, and the applicability of the Plan to such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement. A-5 Written Acceptance. The Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of the Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. The following provision applies if the Participant transfers into Israel after the Date of Grant. Issuance after Vesting. The following provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with the vesting schedule in the Notice of Grant will be paid to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant's death, to his or her estate), upon satisfaction, as determined by the Company, of any Tax-Related Items as set forth in Section 7 of this Award Agreement. At the discretion of the Company, the Shares will be subject to an immediate forced sale restriction, pursuant to which all Shares acquired at vesting will be immediately sold and the Participant will receive the sale proceeds less Tax-Related Items and applicable broker fees and commissions. In this case, the Participant will not be entitled to hold any Shares acquired at vesting. A-6 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT ISRAEL BENEFICIARY 102 UNDERTAKING If the Participant has not already executed an Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking in connection with grants made under the Israeli Subplan, the Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of this Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I hereby agree that any shares (the “Shares”) (as defined by Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 1961) (the “Tax Ordinance”) issued to me by SVB Financial Group according to and under the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Israeli Subplan adopted by SVB Financial Group as of January 8, 2014 (collectively, the "Plan") are granted to me to qualify under the capital gain tax treatment in accordance and pursuant to Section 102(b)(2) of the Tax Ordinance after 132 amendment (“Section 102”) and the Income Tax Rules (Tax Relief upon the Allotment of Shares to Employees), 2003 (the “Rules”) unless I am otherwise notified subject to SVB Financial Group’s absolute discretion to change such election on future grants and subject to the Tax Authorities’ approval. I declare and confirm that I am familiar with the terms of Section 102, the Rules, and the implications and consequences of the chosen tax arrangement with respect to the Shares, and consent that all the terms and conditions set forth in Section 102 and the Rules, as shall be amended from time to time, shall apply to me and bind me. I hereby declare and confirm that I am familiar with the provisions of the trust agreement signed between SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and Tamir Fishman Trusts 2004 Ltd., or its successor in interest (the “Trustee”) (the “Trust Agreement”), including the deed of trust, attached to the Trust Agreement and constitute an integral part thereto (“Deed of Trust”), and I consent that the Trust Agreement and the Deed of Trust shall fully bind me. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I agree that the Shares will be deposited in trust with the Trustee and be held in trust in accordance with Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby declare and consent that any and all the rights that I shall be entitled to with respect to the Shares, including, without limitation, dividend, dividend equivalents, bonus shares and shares issued pursuant to adjustments made by SVB Financial Group, shall be issued in the name of the Trustee and be deposited with the Trustee, and shall be subject to Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I acknowledge that during the “Holding Period” as determined by the Tax Ordinance I am prevented from selling the Shares, or releasing them from the Trustee, before the termination of the “Holding Period” and I understand the tax implications and consequences that may be applied as a result of breaching such obligation, as set by Section 102, which I am familiar with. A-7 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. If I will cease to be an Israeli resident or if my employment will be terminated for any reason, the Shares shall remain subject to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree that any tax liability whatsoever arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any awards, sale of Shares, release of Shares from the Trustee or any other event or act with respect to the Shares granted to me, shall be borne solely by me. I declare and consent that the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee shall make any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, to any tax authority, according to Section 102, the Rules, the Trust Agreement or any other compulsory payments or applicable law. I understand that this grant of Shares under the capital gain track is conditioned upon the receipt, inter alia, of all required approvals from the tax authorities. Accordingly, to the extent that for whatever reason SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. shall not be granted an approval by the Israeli Tax Authorities under section 102, I shall bear and pay any and all taxes and any other compulsory payments applicable to the grant, exercise, sale or other disposition of options or stocks; I hereby declare and consent for the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee to deduct any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, for any payment to the tax authorities, according to the Rules, or any other applicable compulsory payments. I confirm that SVB Financial Group and/or the Trustee shall not be required to release any Shares or any proceeds deriving from the sale of Shares, to me, until all required tax payments according to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement, including any other compulsory payments, or applicable law, have been fully assured. I acknowledge that the Trustee is not a tax advisor and it is recommended that I consult a tax advisor before I accept this letter, any restricted stock units vest, sell any Shares or release them from the Trustee, or any other act. I agree to indemnify SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee and to hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any damage and/or loss and/or expense that might occur regarding the tax liability and/or the execution of the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree to bear all the applicable fees and commissions involved in establishing and maintaining trust account in the Trustee’s name, and in performing any action in the trust account. I hereby agree to sign any document reasonably required at the Company’s and/or the Trustee’s request. I hereby confirm that I read this letter thoroughly, received all the clarifications and explanations I requested, I understand the contents of this letter and the obligations I undertake in signing it. ____________________ _______________ ___________________ Name of the Beneficiary I.D Number Signature A-8 UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions RSUs Payable Only in Shares. RSUs granted to the Participant resident in the United Kingdom shall be paid in Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Plan to the contrary. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement, dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs to a Participant resident in the United Kingdom, the credits shall be settled in whole Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Award Agreement to the contrary. Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 7 of the Award Agreement, the Participant agrees that the Participant is liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenants to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). The Participant also agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on the Participant’s behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant is a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to the Participant on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. The Participant is responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from the Participant by the Company or the Employer by any of the means referred to in Section 7 of the Award Agreement. A-9 Exhibit 10.22 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Award Number: Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ID: Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Award and Award Agreement Name Address City, State, Zip Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee ID: Grant Number: Number of Shares of Restricted Stock: Date of Grant: Purchase Price per Share: Total Purchase Price: Expiration Date: Vesting Schedule: Vesting Date Shares Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you have been granted an award of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) Restricted Stock (the “Award”). These Shares are restricted until the Vesting Date(s) show above. The current total value of the Award is $ ____________ . Shares in each period will vest in increments on the date(s) shown in the Vesting Schedule (“Vesting Dates”), subject to the Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider is terminated due to his or her death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Award will fully vest. The Award and any Shares, cash or other property acquired in connection with this Award will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance and the Company’s signature below, you and the Company agree that this Award is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and the Award Agreement, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”), has awarded to Participant Shares of Restricted Stock. The Award hereunder is in connection with and in furtherance of the Company’s discretionary bonus program for participation of the Company’s Service Providers. Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your Award are as follows: 1. TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS AWARD. The total number of Shares subject to this Award is set forth in the Notice of Grant. 2. FORFEITURE RESTRICTION. Subject to the terms of Section 3(a), in the event Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any or no reason (other than death or Disability) before the respective Vesting Dates (as set forth in the Notice of Grant), Participant shall forfeit the then Unreleased Shares (defined below) to the Company. Upon such forfeiture, the Company shall become the legal and beneficial owner of the Shares being forfeited and all rights and interests therein or relating thereto, and the Company shall have the right to retain and transfer to its own name the number of Shares being forfeited. In the event Participant ceases to be a Service Provider due to his or her death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares will fully vest and be released from the forfeiture restriction. 3. RELEASE OF SHARES FROM FORFEITURE RESTRICTION. (a) Subject to the limitations contained herein, the Shares will vest (be released) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) the Shares become fully vested or (ii) Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any reason. (The period beginning on the date of this Award Agreement and ending on each respective Vesting Date shall be referred to as the “Period of Restriction”). (b) Until the Shares have been released from the forfeiture restriction, they may be referred to herein as “Unreleased Shares.” (c) The Unreleased Shares may bear the following forfeiture restrictive legend: “THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO A RIGHT OF FORFEITURE IN FAVOR OF THE COMPANY, AS SET FORTH IN A STOCK AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ISSUER AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDER OF THESE SHARES, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE ISSUER.” (d) The Share certificates representing the Shares, when released from the forfeiture restriction, shall be delivered to Participant pursuant to Section 4 of this Award Agreement. 4. ISSUANCE OF SHARE CERTIFICATES. 2 (a) The certificates evidencing the Shares shall be held in escrow by the secretary of the Company until the end of the respective Period of Restrictions (or earlier, upon a Covered Termination), at which time it shall be released to Participant by the Company in accordance with the provisions hereof. (b) At the end of each Period of Restriction, the Company shall cause the appropriate certificate representing the Shares (then released from the forfeiture restriction) to be delivered to Participant; provided, however that prior to such delivery Participant shall remit to the Company an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and/or local withholding tax requirements in connection with the Shares then to be released. (c) Subject to the terms hereof, Participant shall have all the rights of a stockholder with respect to such Shares before the Shares are released from the forfeiture restriction, including without limitation, the right to vote the Shares and receive any cash dividends declared thereon provided that no payment shall be made to Participant unless and until the corresponding Shares have vested in accordance with Section 3. In the event of any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares, the Unreleased Shares will be increased, reduced or otherwise changed, and by virtue of any such change Participant will in his or her capacity as owner of Unreleased Shares be entitled to new or additional or different shares of stock, cash or securities (other than rights or warrants to purchase securities); such new or additional or different shares, cash or securities will thereupon be considered to be Unreleased Shares and will be subject to all of the conditions and restrictions, including vesting, which were applicable to the Unreleased Shares pursuant to this Award Agreement. If Participant receives rights or warrants with respect to any Unreleased Shares, such rights or warrants may be held or exercised by Participant, provided that until such exercise any such rights or warrants and after such exercise any shares or other securities acquired by the exercise of such rights or warrants will be considered to be Unreleased Shares and will be subject to all of the conditions and restrictions which were applicable to the Unreleased Shares pursuant to this Award Agreement. The Administrator in its absolute discretion at any time may accelerate the vesting of all or any portion of such new or additional shares of stock, cash or securities, rights or warrants to purchase securities or shares or other securities acquired by the exercise of such rights or warrants. 5. ADJUSTMENTS. All references to the number of Shares in this Award Agreement shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares occurs after the date of this Award Agreement. 6. PARTICIPANT'S REPRESENTATIONS. (a) Tax Consequences. Participant has reviewed with Participant’s own tax advisors the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of this investment and the transactions contemplated by this Award Agreement. Participant is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents. Participant understands that Participant (and not the Company) shall be responsible for Participant’s own tax liability that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions contemplated by this Award Agreement. (b) Tax Withholding. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Award Agreement, no certificate representing the Shares of Restricted Stock may be released from the escrow established pursuant to Section 4, unless and until satisfactory arrangements (as determined by the 3 Administrator) will have been made by Participant with respect to the payment of income, employment and other taxes which the Company determines must be withheld with respect to such Shares. To the extent determined appropriate by the Company in its discretion, it shall have the right (but not the obligation) to satisfy any tax withholding obligations by reducing the number of Shares otherwise deliverable to Participant. If Participant fails to make satisfactory arrangements for the payment of any required tax withholding obligations hereunder at the time any applicable Shares otherwise are scheduled to vest, Participant will permanently forfeit such Shares and the Shares will be returned to the Company at no cost to the Company. 7. AWARD NOT A SERVICE CONTRACT. This Award is not a guarantee of continued service and nothing in this Award shall be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on Participant’s part to continue in the service of the Company, or of the Company to continue Participant’s service with the Company. In addition, nothing in this Award shall obligate the Company or any Affiliate, or their respective stockholders, Board of Directors, officers or employees to continue any relationship which Participant might have as a Service Provider for the Company or Affiliate. 8. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This Award is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this Award, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Award and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 9. ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS TO RELEASE FROM ESCROW. The Company will not be required to issue any certificate or certificates for Shares hereunder or release such Shares from the escrow established pursuant to Section 4 prior to fulfillment of all the following conditions: (a) the admission of such Shares to listing on all stock exchanges on which such class of stock is then listed; (b) the completion of any registration or other qualification of such Shares under any state or federal law or under the rulings or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or any other governmental regulatory body, which the Administrator will, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable; (c) the obtaining of any approval or other clearance from any state or federal governmental agency, which the Administrator will, in its absolute discretion, determine to be necessary or advisable; and (d) the lapse of such reasonable period of time following the date of grant of the Restricted Stock as the Administrator may establish from time to time for reasons of administrative convenience. 10. GENERAL PROVISIONS. (a) This Award Agreement and the Plan represent the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the receipt of the Shares by Participant. Modifications to this Award Agreement or the Plan can be made only in an express written contract executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, the Company reserves the right to revise this Award Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without the consent of Participant, to comply with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Section 409A of the Code in connection to this Award of Restricted Stock. (b) The rights and benefits of the Company under this Award Agreement shall be transferable to any one or more persons or entities, and all covenants and agreements hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the Company’s successors and assigns. The rights and obligations of Participant under this Award Agreement may only be assigned with the prior written consent of the Company. 4 (c) Either party’s failure to enforce any provision or provisions of this Award Agreement shall not in any way be construed as a waiver of any such provision or provisions, nor prevent that party from thereafter enforcing each and every other provision of this Award Agreement. The rights granted both parties herein are cumulative and shall not constitute a waiver of either party’s right to assert all other legal remedies available to it under the circumstances. By Participant’s electronic signature on the Notice of Grant, Participant represents that this Award Agreement in its entirety has been reviewed, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Award Agreement and fully understands all provisions of this Award Agreement. 11. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to Awards granted under the Plan or future Awards that may be granted under the Plan by electronic means or request Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind the Participant and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 12. AUTHORIZATION TO RELEASE AND TRANSFER NECESSARY PERSONAL INFORMATION. The Participant hereby explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of his or her personal data by and among, as applicable, the Company and its Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Company and its Affiliates may hold certain personal information about the Participant including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security number (or any other social or national identification number), salary, nationality, job title, number of Shares held and the details of all Awards or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, cancelled, vested, unvested or outstanding (the “Data”) for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Data will be transferred to a stock plan service provider selected by the Company to assist the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Participant understands that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipients’ country (e.g., the United States) may have different data privacy laws and protections than the Participant’s country. The Participant understands that if he or she resides outside the United States, he or she may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of the Data by contacting his or her local human resources representative. The Participant authorizes the Company and any other possible recipients which may assist the Company (presently or in the future) with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purpose of implementing, administering and managing his or her participation in the Plan. Furthermore, the Participant acknowledges and understands that the transfer of Data to the Company, its Affiliates or to any third party is necessary for his or her participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage his or her participation in the Plan. The Participant understands if he or she resides outside the United States, he or she may, at any time, view the Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of the Data, require any necessary amendments to the Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, by contacting his or her local human resources representative in writing. Further, the Participant understands that he or she is providing the consents herein on a purely voluntary basis. If the Participant does not consent, or if the Participant later seeks to revoke his or her consent, his or her status as a Service Provider with the Employer will not be adversely affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent is that the Company would not be able to grant the Participant Restricted Stock or other equity 5 awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, the Participant understands that refusing or withdrawing his or her consent may affect the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, the Participant understands that he or she may contact his or her local human resources representative. 13. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following: • • • • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of the Restricted Stock is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of Shares, or benefits in lieu of the Restricted Stock even if Shares have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future Restricted Stock or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; the Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; the Shares subject to the Restricted Stock Award, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable and cannot be predicted with certainty; the Restricted Stock Award and any Shares, cash or other property acquired in connection with the Restricted Stock Award will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider; no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the Restricted Stock resulting from the termination of the Participant's employment or other service relationship (for any reason whatsoever whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any); the Restricted Stock grant and the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall not create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or services contract with the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate the Participant’s employment or service relationship (if any); and unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the Restricted Stock and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the Restricted Stock or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the shares of the Company. 14. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Participant’s participation in the Plan, or the Participant’s acquisition or sale of the Shares. The Participant should consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 15. ADDRESS FOR NOTICES. Any notice to be given to the Company under the terms of this Award Agreement will be addressed to the Company at 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 6 85281, Attn: Stock Administration, or at such other address as the Company may hereafter designate in writing. 16. ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS TO ISSUANCE OF STOCK. If at any time the Company will determine, in its discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of the Shares upon any securities exchange or under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to the Participant (or his or her estate), such issuance will not occur unless and until such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval will have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. Where the Company determines that the issuance of any Shares will violate U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities laws or other applicable laws, the Company will defer delivery until the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the delivery of Shares will no longer cause such violation. The Company will make all reasonable efforts to meet the requirements of any law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority. 17. ADMINISTRATOR AUTHORITY. The Administrator will have the power to interpret the Plan and this Award Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke any such rules (including, but not limited to, the determination of whether or not any Shares have vested). All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Administrator in good faith will be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Administrator will be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award Agreement. 18. CAPTIONS. Captions provided herein are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Award Agreement. 19. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 20. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting of the Shares under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and the Participant with all Applicable Laws. 21. LANGUAGE. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is proficient in the English language, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow the Participant to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If the Participant has received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 22. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Award or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award is made and/or to be performed. 23. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on the Participant’s participation in the Plan, on the Award and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require the Participant to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 24. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the Award, the Participant acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider 7 trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant further acknowledges that, depending on the Participant’s or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect the Participant’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., the Award) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as the Participant is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders the Participant placed before the Participant possessed inside information. Furthermore, the Participant could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and the Participant should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter. 25. WAIVER. The Participant acknowledges that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by the Participant or any other participant. 8 Exhibit 10.23 Notice of Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights and Award Agreement Grant Agreement: Participant Name: ###PARTICIPANT_NAME### Employee Number: ###EMPLOYEE_NUMBER### Total Stock Appreciation Rights: Total ###DICTIONARY_AWARD_NAME###: ###TOTAL_AWARDS### Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_VEST_SCHEDULE_TABLE### Form of Payment: [Shares / Cash Payment] SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Name: ###GRANT_NAME### Date of Grant: ###ISSUE_DATE### Expiry/Expiration Date: ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_EXPIRY_DATE### Grant Price: ###GRANT_PRICE### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_START### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_END### ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_NUMBER### Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you have been granted an award of Stock Appreciation Rights (“SARs”) under the SVB Financial Group 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) at the Grant Price listed in the Grant Agreement above. The SARs will become fully vested on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule, subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date, Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the SARs will fully vest. The SAR and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the SAR will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance and the Company’s signature below, you and the Company agree that these SARs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Global Stock Right Appreciation Award Agreement, including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. ###HR_SIGNATURE### SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), has granted to you a Stock Appreciation Right (“SAR”) pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) and this Global Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your SAR are as follows: 1. VALUE OF THE SAR. The SAR shall entitle you, upon exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part), to receive from the Company an amount payable in the form of Shares or cash, determined by the Company in its discretion, by multiplying: (a) the appreciated value of one Share, calculated as the Fair Market Value of one Share on the date of exercise minus the Grant Price as shown in the Notice of Grant; by (b) the number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. The Grant Price shall be no less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant of the SAR. 2. VESTING. Subject to the limitations contained herein, the SAR will vest (become exercisable) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) you cease to be a Service Provider for any reason, or (ii) this SAR becomes fully vested. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, the SAR will fully vest. For purposes of this SAR, your status as a Service Provider will be considered terminated as of the date you are no longer actively providing services to the Company or one of its Affiliates (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any), and unless otherwise expressly provided in this Award Agreement or determined by the Company, (i) your right to vest in this SAR under the Plan, if any, will terminate as of such date; and (ii) the period (if any) during which you may exercise this SAR shall be measured by the date upon which your employment with your employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the other terms of your employment agreement, if any. The Committee shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer employed for purposes of the SAR. 3. FORM OF PAYMENT. The Company shall satisfy its obligation upon your exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part) in Shares or cash payment, at the Company’s discretion, based upon the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the SAR is 2 settled in Shares, no fractional Shares shall be distributed in settlement of the SAR, and any portion of the SAR which would be settled in a fractional Share shall be paid to the Participant in cash. 4. SECURITIES LAW COMPLIANCE. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, unless there is an available exemption from any registration, qualification or other legal requirement applicable to the Shares, the Company shall not be required to deliver any Shares issuable upon exercise of the SAR prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Shares under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities or exchange control law or under rulings or regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or of any other governmental regulatory body, or prior to obtaining any approval or other clearance from any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal governmental agency, which registration, qualification or approval the Company shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable. You understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the Shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend the Plan and the Award Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of shares. 5. TERM. The term of this SAR commences on the Date of Grant and expires on the Expiration Date, unless this SAR expires sooner as set forth below or in the Plan. In no event may this SAR be exercised on or after the Expiration Date. This SAR shall terminate prior to the Expiration Date as follows: three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider unless one of the following circumstances exists: (a) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Disability. This SAR will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months following such termination. (b) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your death. This SAR will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months after your death. (c) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to Cause (as defined in the Plan). This SAR will then expire on the date of such termination. (d) If during any part of such three (3)-month period you may not exercise your SAR solely because of the conditions set forth in Section 4 above, then your SAR will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or until this SAR shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider. (e) If your exercise of the SAR within three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider would result in liability under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, then your SAR will expire on the earlier of (i) the Expiration Date set forth above, or (ii) the tenth (10th) day after the last date upon which exercise would result in such liability. (f) However, this SAR may be exercised following your termination as a Service Provider only as to that number of Shares as to which it was exercisable on the date of termination under the provisions of Section 2 of this Award Agreement. 3 6. [RESERVED.] 7. EXERCISE. (a) This SAR is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice, in the form and manner determined by the Administrator, or (ii) following an electronic or other exercise procedure prescribed by the Administrator, which in either case shall state the election to exercise the SAR, the number of Shares in respect of which the SAR is being exercised, and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. You shall provide payment of any applicable Tax- Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) arising in connection with such exercise. This SAR shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed exercise notice or completion of such exercise procedure, as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion, accompanied by any applicable Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein). (b) By exercising this SAR you agree that, as a precondition to the completion of any exercise, you must satisfy the Tax-Related Items in accordance with Section 10, herein. 8. TRANSFERABILITY. (a) This SAR is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. (b) The terms of this Award Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 5(b) relating to termination as a result of death) shall apply to your beneficiaries (provided such beneficiaries have been designated prior to your death in a form acceptable to the Administrator) and executors and administrators including the right to agree to any amendment of the applicable Award Agreement. (c) An SAR shall be exercised only by you (or your attorney in fact or guardian) or, in the case of your death, by the your executor or administrator, and no cash will be paid or Shares issued by the Company unless the exercise of an SAR is accompanied by sufficient payment, as determined by the Company, to meet the Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) on such exercise or by other arrangements satisfactory to the Committee to provide such payment. 9. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. You acknowledge and agree to the following: • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of this SAR is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of SARs, or benefits in lieu of the SARs even if SARs have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future SAR or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; your participation in the Plan is voluntary; this SAR and any cash payment or Shares acquired under the Plan and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service 4 • • • • • • • payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty; the SAR and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the SAR will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider; if the underlying Shares do not increase in value, this SAR will have no value; if you exercise this SAR and acquire Shares, the value of such Shares may increase or decrease in value, even below the SAR Price; neither the Plan nor the SAR shall be construed to create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or service contract with the Company, your Employer (the “Employer) or any Affiliate, and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate your status as a Service Provider (if any); no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of this SAR resulting from the termination of your status as a Service Provider (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, this SAR and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have this SAR or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares of the Company; • the following provisions apply only if you are providing services outside the United States: ▪ ▪ this SAR, cash payment and the Shares subject to this SAR, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of this SAR or of any amounts due to you pursuant to the exercise of this SAR or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon exercise. 10. WITHHOLDING OF TAXES. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with your participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable to you (the “Tax- Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, you hereby acknowledge and agree that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains your responsibility and liability. 5 You acknowledge that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares or make payment in connection with the SAR shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. By your acceptance of the SAR and in exercising the SAR, you authorize the Company, the Employer or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on your behalf that number of whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to you as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax Related Items unless you are not receiving Shares upon exercise or such method of exercise is not available to you under the terms of the Appendix or as otherwise determined by the Company. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, you further authorize the Company or the Employer to satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deducting an amount from the cash payment, if any, made to you pursuant to the exercise or from your wages or other cash compensation to be paid to the you by the Company or the Employer. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in your jurisdiction(s), in which case you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. Finally, you agree to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax-Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by one of the methods of exercise set forth in this Award Agreement and authorized under the Plan. 11. [RESERVED.] 12. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting and exercise of the SAR under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and you with all Applicable Laws. 13. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the SAR awarded under the Plan or future SARs that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. You hereby consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind you and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 14. NOTICES. Any notices provided for in this SAR or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the address specified below or at such other address as you hereafter designate by written notice to the Company. 15. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This SAR is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this SAR, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this SAR and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 16. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan, the cash payment or your acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. You should consult with your own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding your participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 17. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 6 18. LANGUAGE. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language, or have consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow you to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If you have received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 19. APPENDIX. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if you reside outside the United States at any time during the life of this SAR, your participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if you relocate to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to you, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 20. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this SAR or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award Agreement is made and/or to be performed. 21. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, this SAR and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 22. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the SARs, you acknowledge that you are bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You further acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., SARs) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You acknowledge that it is your responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and you should speak to your personal advisor on this matter. 23. FOREIGN ASSET/ACCOUNT, EXCHANGE CONTROL AND TAX REPORTING. Depending on your country, you may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect your ability acquire or hold SARs or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside your country. The applicable laws of your country may require that you report such SARs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to your country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. You acknowledge that you are 7 responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult your personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 24. WAIVER. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by you or any other participant. 8 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Notice of Exercise I, _____________________ , elect to exercise the following SVB Financial Group Stock Appreciation Rights(s): Grant Number: Grant Date: Number of Shares to be Exercised: Exercise Price Per Share: Aggregate Grant Price: $ $ $ TYPE OF EXERCISE: ☐ CASH(1) ☐ CASHLESS (Sale of underlying shares of SAR to pay tax-related items liability) ☐ Sell shares ☐ Sell all shares listed above BROKER INFORMATION (if applicable): Firm: Contact Person: DTC # Phone: Account # Fax: ☐ I authorize my broker to pay to pay Silicon Valley Bank for the applicable taxes owed. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS FOR SARs SETTLED IN SHARES: ☐ Mail certificate to my home address. ☐ Deliver electronically to my Broker. I will (i) provide any additional documents you require pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement, (ii) pay any withholding taxes resulting from exercise of a SAR. SS#: Telephone: Date: Very truly yours, Signed Address (1) The Effective Date of cash exercises is the day cash is received by Stock Administration, unless otherwise notified by Stock Administration as a result of insider trading restrictions. If delivery is made by US Mail (or overnight courier) the Effective Date is the postmark date (or pick-up date). 9 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the SAR granted to you under the Plan if you are in one of the countries listed below. If you are a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which you are currently residing and/or working or if you move to another country after receiving the SAR, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to you. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which you should be aware with respect to your participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that you not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of your participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time you exercise the SAR or sell any Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to your particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure you of a particular result. Accordingly, you are advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in your country may apply to your situation. Finally, if you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working, or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if you transfer employment and/or residency to another country after the SAR has been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all SARs or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). A-1 Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting SARs, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. You hereby authorize the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. You further authorize the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors and to record such information and to keep such information in your employee file. A-2 Notifications Securities Law Notification. You are permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., the SAR), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the SAR must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. You should consult with your personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA Terms and Conditions Form of Payment. This provision applies only to Participants who are People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) nationals residing in the PRC, unless otherwise determined by the Company or required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange or its local authorities (“SAFE”): The following provision replaces Section 3 of the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Award Agreement or the Plan, the Company shall satisfy its obligation upon your exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part) in a cash payment equal to the local currency equivalent of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise minus the Grant Price as shown in the Notice of Grant, multiplied by the number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. In no event will you be issued Shares upon your exercise of the SAR. Such amounts shall be paid to you in RMB. GERMANY Notifications Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine A-3 Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. You are responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. INDIA Terms and Conditions Form of Payment. The following provision replaces Section 3 of the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Award Agreement or the Plan, the Company shall satisfy its obligation upon your exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part) in a cash payment equal to the local currency equivalent of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise minus the Grant Price as shown in the Notice of Grant, multiplied by the number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. In no event will you be issued Shares upon your exercise of the SAR. UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 10 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 10 of the Award Agreement, you agree that you are liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenant to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). You also agree to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on your behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to you on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. You are responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from you by any of the means referred to in Section 10 of the Award Agreement. A-4 Exhibit 10.24 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Option Number: Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ID: Notice of Grant of Incentive Stock Options and Award Agreement Name Address City, State, Zip Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee ID: Grant Number: Grant Type: Date of Grant: Option Price per Share: Total Option Price: Expiration Date: Vesting Schedule: Vesting Date Shares Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you (“you” or the “Participant”) have been granted an Incentive Stock Option to buy Shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) stock at the Option Price listed in the Grant Agreement above (the “Option”). Shares in each period will become fully vested on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule, subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. Further, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement (as defined herein), then the Shares subject to the Option may be eligible for continued vesting as described in Section 2 of this Award Agreement. The Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance of the Option and your and the Company’s signatures below, you and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and the Award Agreement, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) and this Incentive Stock Option Award Agreement (the “Award Agreement”), has granted to Participant an Option to purchase shares of the Common Stock of the Company (“Shares”). This Option is intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Stock Options (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your Option are as follows: 1. TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS OPTION. The total number of Shares subject to this Option is set forth in the Notice of Grant. 2. VESTING. Subject to the limitations and exceptions contained herein, the Shares will vest (become exercisable) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) you cease to be a Service Provider for any reason, or (ii) this Option becomes fully vested. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement, and provided that upon such termination date you are a “Good Leaver” (as defined below) (such termination date, the “Retirement Date”) and provided further that your Retirement Date is not within the six (6) month period following the Date of Grant, the then-unvested Shares subject to the Option will remain outstanding and will continue to vest on the vesting dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (and notwithstanding the fact that you are not a Service Provider on the applicable vesting date), subject to you remaining in “Good Standing” at all times on or following the Retirement Date and through the applicable vesting date shown in the Vesting Schedule. Following the Retirement Date, in order to vest in the Shares subject to the Option on an applicable vesting date, you must complete a Certification Notice no later than seven (7) business days prior to the applicable vesting date (the “Certification Notice Deadline”), certifying that you remain in Good Standing. The Certification Notice will be provided to you by the Company prior to the Certification Notice Deadline and must be completed and submitted in the form and manner determined by the Company. If the Certification Notice is not completed and submitted to the Company by the Certification Notice Deadline, or, if at any time following the Retirement Date you are not in Good Standing, the then-unvested Shares subject to the Option will terminate and you will have no further rights thereunder. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Leaver” means that (i) you have provided the Company notice of your intent to terminate your status as a Service Provider no later than six (6) months prior to your Retirement Date, and (ii) you have provided satisfactory assistance to the Company to transition your duties as a Service Provider (as determined in the sole discretion of the Company). Any determination as to whether you are a Good Leaver will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Standing” means that at all times following the Retirement Date and through each applicable vesting date shown in the Vesting Schedule, you (i) have not acted in a manner that is harmful to the Company (including by disparaging any members of the Board or any members of the Company’s senior management team); (ii) did not engage in any act or omission prior to the 2 Retirement Date that could have constituted grounds for the Company to terminate you as a Service Provider for “cause” under the terms of any agreement between the Company and you or any Company plan or policy (including any such act or omission that is discovered after your employment with the Company); (iii) have cooperated with any investigation, lawsuit, regulatory or similar matter related to the period of your employment with the Company or related to any matter that you could reasonably be expected to have knowledge; (iv) have not breached any agreement between you and the Company (including any agreement obligating you to maintain the confidentiality of any Company confidential information and/or trade secrets); (v) have not committed any felony or have not committed any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, in each case, whether or not related to the business of the Company, that could bring reputational harm to the Company; (vi) have not, directly or indirectly, solicited for employment or other services any employee of the Company (or any former employee who was employed by the Company during the twelve (12)-month period immediately preceding the Retirement Date); (vii) have not, directly or indirectly, solicited any client or customer of the Company to engage in a business that competes with the business of the Company or caused or attempted to cause any client or customer of the Company to diminish its business with the Company; (viii) have not engaged in any capacity in any business or other activity that competes with any business of the Company anywhere where the Company engages in such business; and (ix) have not brought any suit or other claim against the Company, whether or not related to your role as a Service Provider. Nothing herein is intended to limit your rights under applicable law to provide truthful information to any governmental entity or to file a charge with or participate in an investigation conducted by any governmental entity. Any determination as to whether you are in Good Standing will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” means that you cease to be a Service Provider on or after reaching fifty-five (55) years of age and following a minimum of ten (10) years of continuous service as an Employee to the Company or its Affiliates. 3. OPTION PRICE AND METHOD OF PAYMENT. (a) Option Price. The Option Price per Share is the price set forth in the Notice of Grant, such price being not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant of this Option. (b) Method of Payment. Payment of the Option Price per Share is due in full upon exercise of all or any part of each installment which has accrued to you. You may elect, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, to make payment of the Option Price under one of the following alternatives: (i) Payment of the Option Price per Share in cash (including check) at the time of exercise; (ii) Provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded and quoted regularly in the Wall Street Journal, payment by delivery of already-owned Shares, held for the period required to avoid a charge to the Company’s reported earnings, and owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, which Common Stock shall be valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise; (iii) Consideration received by the Company under a formal cashless exercise program adopted by the Company in connection with the Plan; or (iv) Payment by a combination of the methods of payment permitted by Section 3(b)(i), (ii), and (iii) above. 4. WHOLE SHARES. This Option may only be exercised for whole Shares. 3 5. SECURITIES LAW COMPLIANCE. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, unless there is an available exemption from any registration, qualification or other legal requirement applicable to the Shares, the Company shall not be required to deliver any Shares issuable upon exercise of the Option prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Shares under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities or exchange control law or under rulings or regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or of any other governmental regulatory body, or prior to obtaining any approval or other clearance from any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal governmental agency, which registration, qualification or approval the Company shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable. You understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the Shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend the Plan and the Award Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of shares. 6. TERM. The term of this Option commences on the Date of Grant and expires on the Expiration Date, unless this Option expires sooner as set forth below or in the Plan. In no event may this Option be exercised on or after the Expiration Date. This Option shall terminate prior to the Expiration Date as follows: three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider unless one of the following circumstances exists: (a) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Disability. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months following such termination. You should be aware that if your Disability is not considered a permanent and total disability within the meaning of Section 422(c)(6) of the Code, and you exercise this Option more than three (3) months following the date of your termination of service, your exercise will be treated for tax purposes as the exercise of a “nonstatutory stock option” instead of an “incentive stock option.” (b) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your death. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months after your death. (c) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Retirement, and at all times on or following your Retirement Date you satisfy the “Good Leaver” and “Good Standing” requirements set forth in Section 2 above, including the completion and submission of the applicable Certification Notice by the Certification Notice Deadline. This Option will then expire on the Expiration Date set forth above. For purposes of clarification, if at any time following your Retirement Date you do not complete and submit the applicable Certification Notice by the Certification Notice Deadline or you are not in Good Standing, then this Option will then expire three (3) months following the applicable Certification Notice Deadline or following the first date you are not in Good Standing, as applicable. (d) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to Cause (as defined in the Plan). This Option will then expire on the date of such termination. (e) If during any part of such three (3)-month period you may not exercise your Option solely because of the condition set forth in Section 5 above, then your Option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or until this Option shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider. (f) If your exercise of the Option within three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider would result in liability under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, then your Option will expire on the earlier of (i) the Expiration Date set forth above, or (ii) the tenth (10th) day after the last date upon which exercise would result in such liability. 4 However, except as provided in this Award Agreement, this Option may be exercised following your termination as a Service Provider only as to that number of Shares as to which it was exercisable on the date of termination under the provisions of Section 2 of this Award Agreement. In order to obtain the federal income tax advantages associated with an “incentive stock option,” the Code requires that at all times beginning on the date of grant of the Option and ending on the day three (3) months before the date of the Option’s exercise, you must be an employee of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company, except in the event of your death or Disability. The Company may provide for continued vesting or extended exercisability of your Option under certain circumstances for your benefit, but cannot guarantee that your Option will necessarily be treated as an “incentive stock option” if you provide services to the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company as a Consultant or exercise your Option more than three (3) months after the date your employment with the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company terminates. 7. EXERCISE. (a) This Option is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice, in the form and manner determined by the Administrator, or (ii) following an electronic or other exercise procedure prescribed by the Administrator, which in either case shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised, and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. Participant shall provide payment of any applicable tax withholding arising in connection with such exercise. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed exercise notice or completion of such exercise procedure, as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion, accompanied by any applicable tax withholding. (b) By exercising this Option you agree that: (i) as a precondition to the completion of any exercise of this Option, the Company may require you to enter an arrangement providing for the payment by you to the Company of any tax withholding obligation of the Company arising by reason of (1) the exercise of this Option; (2) the lapse of any substantial risk of forfeiture to which the Shares are subject at the time of exercise; or (3) the disposition of Shares acquired upon such exercise; and (ii) you will notify the Company in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the Shares issued upon exercise of this Option that occurs within two (2) years after the date of this Option grant or within one (1) year after such Shares are transferred upon exercise of this Option. 8. CODE SECTION 409A. Under Code Section 409A, an Option that vests after December 31, 2004 (or that vested on or prior to such date but which was materially modified after October 3, 2004) that was granted with a per Share exercise price that is determined by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to be less than the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant (a “discount option”) may be considered “deferred compensation.” An Option that is a “discount option” may result in (i) income recognition by Participant prior to the exercise of the Option, (ii) an additional twenty percent (20%) federal income tax, and (iii) potential penalty and interest charges. The “discount option” may also result in additional state income, penalty and interest tax to the Participant. Participant acknowledges that the Company cannot and has not guaranteed that the IRS will agree that the per Share exercise price of this Option equals or exceeds the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant in a later examination. Participant agrees that if the IRS determines that the Option was granted with a per Share exercise price that was less than the Fair Market 5 Value of a Share on the date of grant, Participant shall be solely responsible for Participant’s costs related to such a determination. 9. TRANSFERABILITY. This Option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. Notwithstanding the foregoing, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, you may designate a third party who, in the event of your death, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise this Option. The terms of this Award Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 6(b) relating to termination as a result of death) shall apply to your beneficiaries and executors and administrators including the right to agree to any amendment of the applicable Award Agreement. 10. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. You acknowledge and agree to the following: • • • • • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of this Option is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of options, or benefits in lieu of the options even if options have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future Option or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; your participation in the Plan is voluntary; this Option and any Shares acquired under the Plan and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of- service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty; this Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider; if the underlying Shares do not increase in value, this Option will have no value; if you exercise this Option and acquire Shares, the value of such Shares may increase or decrease in value, even below the Option Price; neither the Plan nor the Option shall be construed to create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or service contract with the Company, your Employer or any Affiliate, and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate your status as a Service Provider (if any); no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of this Option resulting from the termination of your status as a Service Provider (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any); and • Unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, this Option and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have this Option or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be 6 exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares of the Company. 11. AUTHORIZATION TO RELEASE AND TRANSFER NECESSARY PERSONAL INFORMATION. You hereby explicitly and unambiguously consent to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of your personal data as described in this Award Agreement and any other Option grant materials by and among, as applicable, the Employer, the Company and its Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing your participation in the Plan. You understand that the Company and the Employer may hold certain personal information about you, including, but not limited to, your name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in your favor ("Data"), for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan. You understand that Data will be transferred to a stock plan service provider selected by the Company to assist the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. You understand that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States) may have different data privacy laws and protections than your country. You understand that if you reside outside the United States, you may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of the Data by contacting your local human resources representative. You authorize the Company and any other possible recipients which may assist the Company (presently or in the future) with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing your participation in the Plan. You understand that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage your participation in the Plan. You understand that if you reside outside the United States, you may, at any time, view Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, by contacting in writing your local human resources representative. Further, you understand that you are providing the consents herein on a purely voluntary basis. If you do not consent, or if you later seek to revoke your consent, your status as a Service Provider with the Employer will not be adversely affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing your consent is that the Company would not be able to grant you options or other equity awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, you understand that refusing or withdrawing your consent may affect your ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of your refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, you understand that you may contact your local human resources representative. 12. OPTION NOT A SERVICE CONTRACT. This Option is not a guarantee of continued service and nothing in this Option shall be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on your part to continue in the service of the Company, or of the Company to continue your service with the Company. In addition, nothing in this Option shall obligate the Company or any Affiliate, or their respective stockholders, Board of Directors, officers or employees to continue any relationship which you might have as a Service Provider for the Company or Affiliate. 13. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting and exercise of the Option under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and you with all Applicable Laws. 14. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the Option awarded under the Plan or future Options that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. You hereby consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agree to participate in the Plan through an on- 7 line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind you and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 15. NOTICES. Any notices provided for in this Option or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the address specified below or at such other address as you hereafter designate by written notice to the Company. 16. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This Option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this Option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Option and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 17. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan, or your acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. You should consult with your own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding your participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 18. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 19. LANGUAGE. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language, or have consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow you to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If you have received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 20. STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL. This Option is subject to stockholder approval of the Plan within twelve (12) months of the Plan adoption date. If stockholder approval is not obtained within such twelve (12)-month period, this Option shall immediately terminate in its entirety. 21. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Option or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Option is made and/or to be performed. 22. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, this Option and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 23. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the Option, you acknowledge that you are bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You further acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., Options) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as you are 8 considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You acknowledge that it is your responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and you should speak to your personal advisor on this matter. 24. WAIVER. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by you or any other participant. 9 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Notice of Exercise I, _____________________ , elect to exercise the following SVB Financial Group stock option(s): Grant Number: Grant Date: Type of Option: Number of Shares to be Exercised: Exercise Price Aggregate Per Share: Exercise Price: ISO or NQ ISO or NQ ISO or NQ $ $ $ TYPE OF EXERCISE: ☐ CASH(1) ☐ CASHLESS (Sale of underlying shares of option to pay exercise price) ☐ Sell shares ☐ Sell all shares listed above ☐ STOCK(1)(2) (Use already-held shares to pay exercise price) Attach Share Attestation Form BROKER INFORMATION (if applicable): Firm: Contact Person: DTC # Phone: Account # Fax: ☐ I authorize my broker to pay SVB Financial Group the aggregate exercise price. For non-qualified (NQ) shares, I also authorize my broker to pay Silicon Valley Bank for the applicable taxes owed. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS: ☐ Mail certificate to my home address. ☐ Deliver electronically to my Broker. I will (i) provide any additional documents you require pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement, (ii) pay any withholding taxes resulting from exercise of a NQ stock option, and (iii) notify you in writing within 15 days after any disposition of shares issued under an incentive stock option (ISO) that occurs within 2 years after the grant date or 1 year after the exercise date. SS#: Telephone: Date: Very truly yours, Signed Address (1) The Effective Date of cash and stock exercises is the day cash, stock, or Share Attestation Form is received by Stock Administration, unless otherwise notified by Stock Administration as a result of insider trading restrictions. If delivery is made by US Mail (or overnight courier) the Effective Date is the postmark date (or pick-up date). The value of shares remitted for stock transactions is based on the closing stock price on the Effective Date. (2) Attested shares must meet certain requirements. 10 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Share Attestation Form I will use shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) common stock I already own to pay the exercise price on the stock options identified on the attached Notice of Exercise. I will not deliver the shares. The Company will subtract the number of shares required to pay the exercise price from the underlying shares I am entitled to receive from the stock option and send me the balance. 1. I certify that I own ___________ shares of SVB Financial Group common stock (the “Attested Shares”) which I tender to pay part or all of the stock option exercise price. I hold the Attested Shares (check one): ☐ individually. A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ jointly as ___________ . A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ in a brokerage account in the name(s) of ___________ . A photocopy of a brokerage statement from the preceding two months showing the Company stock is attached. (Note: Irrelevant information related to other investments may be blocked out.) 2. I certify that (check all that apply): ☐ the Attested Shares are NOT held by a trustee or custodian in an IRA account or any tax deferral plan. ☐ I have owned the Attested Shares for AT LEAST SIX MONTHS and did not acquire them in a stock-for-stock transaction during that six months. ☐ the Attested Shares were originally acquired through an incentive stock option (ISO) exercise and ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST ONE YEAR; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN ONE YEAR (Note: Attesting ISO shares held less than one year triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) ☐ the Attested Shares were purchased through the SVB Financial Group Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) and: ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST EIGHTEEN MONTHS; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN EIGHTEEN MONTHS (Note: Attesting ESPP shares held less than eighteen months triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) 3. Apply toward the option price: ☐ the maximum number of whole shares necessary to pay the aggregate exercise price of my option. I agree to settle any fractional share balance with the Company within 2 days of the Effective Date via check. ☐ the total number of whole shares represented by this attestation to pay for only part of the exercise price. I agree to settle the remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price by check within 1 day of the Effective Date. Although I will not be required to make actual delivery of the Attested Shares and I will retain full ownership of the Attested Shares, I represent that I (with the consent of the joint owner, if any) have the full power to deliver the Attested Shares to the Company for their benefit. By signing, any joint owner consents to the exercise of the stock option(s) using Attested Shares and agrees with any representations made above pursuant to the Attested Shares. Signature of Participant Signature of any Joint Owner Print Name Effective Date Print Name 11 Exhibit 10.25 Notice of Grant of Stock Options and Award Agreement Grant Agreement: Participant Name: ###PARTICIPANT_NAME### Employee Number: ###EMPLOYEE_NUMBER### Total Nonqualified Stock Options: Total ###DICTIONARY_AWARD_NAME###: ###TOTAL_AWARDS### Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_VEST_SCHEDULE_TABLE### SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Name: ###GRANT_NAME### Issue Date/Date of Grant: ###ISSUE_DATE### Expiry/Expiration Date: ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_EXPIRY_DATE### Grant/Option Price: ###GRANT_PRICE### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_START### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_END### ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_NUMBER### Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you (“you” or the “Participant”) have been granted a Nonqualified Stock Option to buy Shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) stock at the Option Price listed in the Grant Agreement above (the “Option”). Shares in each period will become fully vested on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule, subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. Further, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement (as defined herein), then the Shares subject to the Option may be eligible for continued vesting as described in Section 2 of this Award Agreement. The Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance of the Option and your and the Company’s signatures below, you and the Company agree that this Option is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Global Nonstatutory Stock Option Award Agreement, including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. ###HR_SIGNATURE### SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL NONSTATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) and this Global Nonstatutory Stock Option Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Nonstatutory Stock Option Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”) has granted to Participant an Option to purchase shares of the Common Stock of the Company (“Shares”). This Option is not intended to qualify as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Stock Options (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your Option are as follows: 1. TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS OPTION. The total number of Shares subject to this Option is set forth in the Notice of Grant. 2. VESTING. Subject to the limitations and exceptions contained herein, the Option will vest (become exercisable) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) you cease to be a Service Provider for any reason, or (ii) this Option becomes fully vested. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Option will fully vest. Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement, and provided that upon such termination date you are a “Good Leaver” (as defined below) (such termination date, the “Retirement Date”) and provided further that your Retirement Date is not within the six (6) month period following the Date of Grant, the then-unvested Shares subject to the Option will remain outstanding and will continue to vest on the vesting dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (and notwithstanding the fact that you are not a Service Provider on the applicable vesting date), subject to you remaining in “Good Standing” at all times on or following the Retirement Date and through the applicable vesting date shown in the Vesting Schedule. Following the Retirement Date, in order to vest in the Shares subject to the Option on an applicable vesting date, you must complete a Certification Notice no later than seven (7) business days prior to the applicable vesting date (the “Certification Notice Deadline”), certifying that you remain in Good Standing. The Certification Notice will be provided to you by the Company prior to the Certification Notice Deadline and must be completed and submitted in the form and manner determined by the Company. If the Certification Notice is not completed and submitted to the Company by the Certification Notice Deadline, or, if at any time following the Retirement Date you are not in Good Standing, the then-unvested Shares subject to the Option will terminate and you will have no further rights thereunder. Except as provided herein, in the event of your termination as a Service Provider (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later to be found invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any), (i) your right to vest in this Option under the Plan, if any, and (ii) the period (if any) during which you may exercise this Option shall be measured by the date upon which your employment with your employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the other terms of your employment agreement, if any. The Administrator shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer employed for purposes of the Option. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Leaver” means that (i) you have provided the Company notice of your intent to terminate your status as a Service Provider no later than six (6) months prior to your Retirement Date, and (ii) you have provided satisfactory assistance to the Company to transition your duties as a 2 Service Provider (as determined in the sole discretion of the Company). Any determination as to whether you are a Good Leaver will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Standing” means that at all times following the Retirement Date and through each applicable vesting date shown in the Vesting Schedule, you (i) have not acted in a manner that is harmful to the Company (including by disparaging any members of the Board or any members of the Company’s senior management team); (ii) did not engage in any act or omission prior to the Retirement Date that could have constituted grounds for the Company to terminate you as a Service Provider for “cause” under the terms of any agreement between the Company and you or any Company plan or policy (including any such act or omission that is discovered after your employment with the Company); (iii) have cooperated with any investigation, lawsuit, regulatory or similar matter related to the period of your employment with the Company or related to any matter that you could reasonably be expected to have knowledge; (iv) have not breached any agreement between you and the Company (including any agreement obligating you to maintain the confidentiality of any Company confidential information and/or trade secrets); (v) have not committed any felony or have not committed any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, in each case, whether or not related to the business of the Company, that could bring reputational harm to the Company; (vi) have not, directly or indirectly, solicited for employment or other services any employee of the Company (or any former employee who was employed by the Company during the twelve (12)-month period immediately preceding the Retirement Date); (vii) have not, directly or indirectly, solicited any client or customer of the Company to engage in a business that competes with the business of the Company or caused or attempted to cause any client or customer of the Company to diminish its business with the Company; (viii) have not engaged in any capacity in any business or other activity that competes with any business of the Company anywhere where the Company engages in such business; and (ix) have not brought any suit or other claim against the Company, whether or not related to your role as a Service Provider. Nothing herein is intended to limit your rights under applicable law to provide truthful information to any governmental entity or to file a charge with or participate in an investigation conducted by any governmental entity. Any determination as to whether you are in Good Standing will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” means that you cease to be a Service Provider on or after reaching fifty-five (55) years of age and following a minimum of ten (10) years of continuous service as an Employee to the Company or its Affiliates. 3. OPTION PRICE AND METHOD OF PAYMENT. (a) Option Price. The Option Price per Share is the price set forth in the Notice of Grant, such price being not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant of this Option. (b) Method of Payment. Payment of the Option Price per Share is due in full upon exercise of all or any part of each installment which has accrued to you. You may elect, to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, to make payment of the Option Price under one of the following alternatives: (i) Payment of the Option Price per Share in cash (including check) at the time of exercise; (ii) For U.S. taxpayers only, provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded and quoted regularly in the Wall Street Journal, payment by delivery of already-owned Shares, held for the period required to avoid a charge to the Company’s reported earnings, and owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, which Common Stock shall be valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise; Company in connection with the Plan; or (iii) Consideration received by the Company under a formal cashless exercise program adopted by the 3 (iv) Payment by a combination of the methods of payment permitted by Section 3(b)(i), (ii), and (iii) above. 4. WHOLE SHARES. This Option may only be exercised for whole Shares. 5. SECURITIES LAW COMPLIANCE. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, unless there is an available exemption from any registration, qualification or other legal requirement applicable to the Shares, the Company shall not be required to deliver any Shares issuable upon exercise of the Option prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Shares under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities or exchange control law or under rulings or regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or of any other governmental regulatory body, or prior to obtaining any approval or other clearance from any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal governmental agency, which registration, qualification or approval the Company shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable. You understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the Shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend the Plan and the Award Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of shares. 6. TERM. The term of this Option commences on the Date of Grant and expires on the Expiration Date, unless this Option expires sooner as set forth below or in the Plan. In no event may this Option be exercised on or after the Expiration Date. This Option shall terminate prior to the Expiration Date as follows: three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider unless one of the following circumstances exists: (a) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Disability. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months following such termination. (b) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your death. This Option will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months after your death. (c) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Retirement, and at all times on or following your Retirement Date you satisfy the “Good Leaver” and “Good Standing” requirements set forth in Section 2 above, including the completion and submission of the applicable Certification Notice by the Certification Notice Deadline. This Option will then expire on the Expiration Date set forth above. For purposes of clarification, if at any time following your Retirement Date you do not complete and submit the applicable Certification Notice by the Certification Notice Deadline or you are not in Good Standing, then this Option will then expire three (3) months following the applicable Certification Notice Deadline or following the first date you are not in Good Standing, as applicable. (d) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to Cause (as defined in the Plan). This Option will then expire on the date of such termination. (e) If during any part of such three (3)-month period you may not exercise your Option solely because of the condition set forth in Section 5 above, then your Option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or until this Option shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider. (f) If your exercise of the Option within three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider would result in liability under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, then your Option will expire on the earlier of (i) the Expiration Date set forth above, or (ii) the tenth (10th) day after the last date upon which exercise would result in such liability. 4 However, except as provided in this Award Agreement, this Option may be exercised following your termination as a Service Provider only as to that number of Shares as to which it was exercisable on the date of termination under the provisions of Section 2 of this Award Agreement. 7. EXERCISE. (a) This Option is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice, in the form and manner determined by the Administrator, or (ii) following an electronic or other exercise procedure prescribed by the Administrator, which in either case shall state the election to exercise the Option, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised, and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. Participant shall provide payment of any applicable Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) arising in connection with such exercise. This Option shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed exercise notice or completion of such exercise procedure, as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion, accompanied by any applicable Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein). (b) By exercising this Option you agree that, as a precondition to the completion of any exercise, you must satisfy the Tax-Related Items in accordance with Section 10, herein. 8. TRANSFERABILITY. (a) This Option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. (b) The terms of this Award Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 6(b) relating to termination as a result of death) shall apply to your beneficiaries (provided such beneficiaries have been designated prior to your death in a form acceptable to the Administrator) and executors and administrators including the right to agree to any amendment of the applicable Award Agreement. (c) An Option shall be exercised only by you (or your attorney in fact or guardian) or, in the case of your death, by the executor or administrator, and no Shares shall be issued by the Company unless the exercise of an Option is accompanied by sufficient payment, as determined by the Company, to meet the Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) on such exercise or by other arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator to provide such payment. 9. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. You acknowledge and agree to the following: • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of this Option is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of options, or benefits in lieu of the options even if options have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future Option or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; your participation in the Plan is voluntary; this Option and any Shares acquired under the Plan and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, 5 • • • • • • • resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty; if the underlying Shares do not increase in value, this Option will have no value; if you exercise this Option and acquire Shares, the value of such Shares may increase or decrease in value, even below the Option Price; this Option and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the Option will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider; neither the Plan nor the Option shall be construed to create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or service contract with the Company, your Employer or any Affiliate, and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate your status as a Service Provider (if any); no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of this Option resulting from the termination of your status as a Service Provider (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, this Option and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have this Option or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares of the Company; and • the following provisions apply only if you are providing services outside the United States: ▪ ▪ this Option and the Shares subject to this Option, and the income from and value of the same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of this Option or of any amounts due to you pursuant to the exercise of this Option or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon exercise. 10. WITHOLDING OF TAXES. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with your participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable to you (the “Tax- Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, you hereby acknowledge and agree that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains your responsibility and liability. You acknowledge that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares or make payment in connection with the Option shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. By your acceptance of the Option, you authorize the Company, the Employer or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on your behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to you as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax Related Items unless such method of exercise is not available to you under the terms of the Appendix or as otherwise determined by the Company. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, you further authorize the Company or the Employer to satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deducting an amount from your wages or from other cash compensation to be paid to you by the Company or 6 the Employer. If authorized by the Company, employees who are U.S. taxpayers residing in the United States also may exercise the Option through Share attestation. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in your jurisdiction(s), in which case you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. Finally, you agree to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax-Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by one of the methods of exercise set forth in this Award Agreement and authorized under the Plan. 11. [RESERVED.] 12. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting and exercise of the Option under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and you with all Applicable Laws. 13. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the Option awarded under the Plan or future Options that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. You hereby consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind you and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 14. NOTICES. Any notices provided for in this Option or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the address specified below or at such other address as you hereafter designate by written notice to the Company. 15. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This Option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this Option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Option and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 16. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan, or your acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. You should consult with your own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding your participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 17. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 18. LANGUAGE. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language, or have consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow you to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If you have received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 19. APPENDIX. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if you reside outside the United States at any time during the life of this Option, your participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if you relocate to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to you, to the extent the Company 7 determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 20. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Option or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Option is made and/or to be performed. 21. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, this Option and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 22. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the Option, you acknowledge that you are bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You further acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., Options) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You acknowledge that it is your responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and you should speak to your personal advisor on this matter. 23. FOREIGN ASSET/ACCOUNT, EXCHANGE CONTROL AND TAX REPORTING. Depending on your country, you may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect your ability acquire or hold Options or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside your country. The applicable laws of your country may require that you report such Options, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to your country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. You acknowledge that you are responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult your personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 24. WAIVER. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by you or any other participant. 8 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Notice of Exercise I, _____________________ , elect to exercise the following SVB Financial Group stock option(s): Grant Number: Grant Date: Type of Option: Number of Shares to be Exercised: Exercise Price Per Share: Aggregate Exercise Price: NQ NQ NQ $ $ $ TYPE OF EXERCISE: ☐ CASH(1) ☐ CASHLESS (Sale of underlying shares of option to pay exercise price) ☐ STOCK(1)(2) (For U.S. taxpayers only - use already-held shares to pay exercise price) ☐ Sell shares ☐ Sell all shares listed above Attach Share Attestation Form BROKER INFORMATION (if applicable): Firm: Contact Person: DTC # Phone: Account # Fax: ☐ I authorize my broker to pay SVB Financial Group the aggregate exercise price. For non-qualified (NQ) shares, I also authorize my broker to pay Silicon Valley Bank for the applicable taxes owed. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS: ☐ Mail certificate to my home address. ☐ Deliver electronically to my Broker. I will (i) provide any additional documents you require pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement, (ii) pay any withholding taxes resulting from exercise of a NQ stock option. SS#: Telephone: Date: Very truly yours, Signed Address (1) The Effective Date of cash and stock exercises is the day cash, stock, or Share Attestation Form is received by Stock Administration, unless otherwise notified by Stock Administration as a result of insider trading restrictions. If delivery is made by US Mail (or overnight courier) the Effective Date is the postmark date (or pick-up date). The value of shares remitted for stock transactions is based on the closing stock price on the Effective Date. (2) Attested shares must meet certain requirements. 9 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Share Attestation Form for U.S. Taxpayers I will use shares of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) common stock I already own to pay the exercise price on the stock options identified on the attached Notice of Exercise. I will not deliver the shares. The Company will subtract the number of shares required to pay the exercise price from the underlying shares I am entitled to receive from the stock option and send me the balance. 1. I certify that I own ___________ shares of SVB Financial Group common stock (the “Attested Shares”) which I tender to pay part or all of the stock option exercise price. I hold the Attested Shares (check one): ☐ individually. A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ jointly as ___________ . A photocopy of the stock certificate(s) is attached. ☐ in a brokerage account in the name(s) of ___________ . A photocopy of a brokerage statement from the preceding two months showing the Company stock is attached. (Note: Irrelevant information related to other investments may be blocked out.) 2. I certify that (check all that apply): ☐ the Attested Shares are NOT held by a trustee or custodian in an IRA account or any tax deferral plan. ☐ I have owned the Attested Shares for AT LEAST SIX MONTHS and did not acquire them in a stock-for-stock transaction during that six months. ☐ the Attested Shares were originally acquired through an incentive stock option (ISO) exercise and ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST ONE YEAR; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN ONE YEAR (Note: Attesting ISO shares held less than one year triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) ☐ the Attested Shares were purchased through the SVB Financial Group Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) and: ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for AT LEAST EIGHTEEN MONTHS; or ☐ I have owned ___________ shares for LESS THAN EIGHTEEN MONTHS (Note: Attesting ESPP shares held less than eighteen months triggers a disqualifying disposition of the Attested Shares.) 3. Apply toward the option price: ☐ the maximum number of whole shares necessary to pay the aggregate exercise price of my option. I agree to settle any fractional share balance with the Company within 2 days of the Effective Date via check. ☐ the total number of whole shares represented by this attestation to pay for only part of the exercise price. I agree to settle the remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price by check within 1 day of the Effective Date. Although I will not be required to make actual delivery of the Attested Shares and I will retain full ownership of the Attested Shares, I represent that I (with the consent of the joint owner, if any) have the full power to deliver the Attested Shares to the Company for their benefit. By signing, any joint owner consents to the exercise of the stock option(s) using Attested Shares and agrees with any representations made above pursuant to the Attested Shares. Signature of Participant Signature of any Joint Owner Print Name Effective Date Print Name 10 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL NONSTATUTORY STOCK OPTION AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the Option granted to you under the Plan if you are in one of the countries listed below. If you are a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which you are currently residing and/or working or if you move to another country after receiving the Option, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to you. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which you should be aware with respect to your participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that you not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of your participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time you exercise the Option or sell any Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to your particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure you of a particular result. Accordingly, you are advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in your country may apply to your situation. Finally, if you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working, or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if you transfer employment and/or residency to another country after the Option has been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all Options or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting Options, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s A-1 participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. You hereby authorize the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. You further authorize the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors and to record such information and to keep such information in your employee file. Notifications Securities Law Notification. You are permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., the Option), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the Option must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are A-2 acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. You should consult with your personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA The following provision applies if you are not a PRC national but are working in the PRC. (If you are a PRC national residing in the PRC or the Company has otherwise determined that the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) rules apply to you, please contact Stock Administration as you may have received this Award Agreement in error.) Terms and Conditions Exchange Control Requirements. You understand and agree to comply with all exchange control restrictions imposed by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) or other exchange control authority in connection with the Option granted by the Company. You further agree to comply with any requirements that may be imposed by the Company in the future in order to facilitate compliance with exchange control requirements in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”). You understand that it is your sole responsibility to comply with applicable exchange control restrictions in China. GERMANY Notifications Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. You are responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. ISRAEL Terms and Conditions The following provision applies to you if you are in Israel on the Date of Grant. Trust Arrangement. You understand and agree that the Option is offered subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Plan, Israeli Subplan (the “Subplan”), Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking. You understand that the Option shall be allocated under the provisions of the track referred to as the “Capital Gain Route,” according to Section 102(b)(2) and 102(b)(3) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (“Section 102”) and shall be held by the trustee for the periods stated in Section 102. You hereby confirm that you have: (i) read and understand the Plan, A-3 Subplan, Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking; (ii) received all the clarifications and explanations that you have requested; and (iii) had the opportunity to consult with your advisers before accepting the Award Agreement. In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Israeli Appendix and the Award Agreement, the provisions of this Appendix shall govern the Option and any Shares and in no event shall any term require shareholder approval as set out in Section 21(b) of the Plan. Limited Transferability. This provision supplements Section 8 of the Award Agreement: As long as the Option or any issued Shares are held by the Trustee on your behalf, all of your rights over the Option or the Shares are personal and cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or mortgaged, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, Section 102 and any rules or regulations or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder, to obtain favorable tax treatment for Capital Gain Route awards, you may not sell or release from trust any Shares received upon exercise of the Option and/or any Shares received subsequently following any realization of rights, including without limitation, bonus shares, until the lapse of the holding period required under Section 102. Notwithstanding the above, if any such sale or release occurs during the holding period, the sanctions under Section 102 and under any rules or regulation or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder will apply to and will be borne by you. Issuance of Shares. If the Shares are to be issued during the holding period, such Shares shall be restricted and will be held by the Trustee on your behalf. In the event that the Shares are to be issued after the expiration of the holding period, you may elect to have the Shares issued and delivered directly to you, provided that you first comply with any Tax-Related Items stipulated under this Award Agreement to the Trustee’s and the Company’s satisfaction, or in trust on your behalf to the Trustee. Withholding of Taxes. This provision supplements Section 10 of the Award Agreement: You hereby agree to indemnify the Company (or any Affiliate) and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any Tax-Related Items and other amounts, or interest or penalty thereon, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such amounts from any payment made to you. Any reference to the Company or the Employer shall include a reference to the Trustee. You hereby undertake to release the Trustee from any liability in respect of any action or decisions duly taken and bona fide executed in relation to the Plan or any options or Shares acquired under the Plan. You agree to execute any and all documents which the Company or the Trustee may reasonably determine to be necessary in order to comply with the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. You shall not be liable for the Employer’s components of payments to the national insurance institute, unless otherwise agreed by you and allowed by applicable tax laws. Furthermore, you agree to indemnify the Company, the Employer and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any such tax or interest or penalty thereon that you have agreed to pay, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such tax from any payment made to you for which you are responsible. A-4 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Award Agreement, no Tax-Related Items will be settled by withholding Shares, unless the ITA approves otherwise in writing. Governing Law. This section supplements Section 21 of the Award Agreement: To the extent any covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement and your rights hereunder are intended to be rights granted under Section 102 and therefore determined to be subject to Israeli law, such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement shall be subject to applicable Israeli law, but shall in no way affect, impair or invalidate any other provision of the Award Agreement, and the applicability of the Plan to such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement. Written Acceptance. You must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of the Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the Option may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. The following provision applies if you transfer into Israel after the Date of Grant. Exercise. The following provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement. At the discretion of the Company, you will be restricted to exercising your Option using a cashless sell-all exercise method, pursuant to which all Shares are sold immediately upon exercise of the Option and you receive the sale proceeds less the Option Price, Tax-Related Items and any applicable broker fees or commissions. In this case, you will not be entitled to hold any Shares acquired at exercise. A-5 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT ISRAEL BENEFICIARY 102 UNDERTAKING If you have not already executed an Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking in connection with grants made under the Israeli Subplan, you must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of this Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If SVB Financial Group does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the Option may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I hereby agree that any shares (the “Shares”) (as defined by Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 1961) (the “Tax Ordinance”) issued to me by SVB Financial Group according to and under the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Israeli Subplan adopted by SVB Financial Group as of January 8, 2014 (collectively, the "Plan") are granted to me to qualify under the capital gain tax treatment in accordance and pursuant to Section 102(b)(2) of the Tax Ordinance after 132 amendment (“Section 102”) and the Income Tax Rules (Tax Relief upon the Allotment of Shares to Employees), 2003 (the “Rules”) unless I am otherwise notified subject to SVB Financial Group’s absolute discretion to change such election on future grants and subject to the Tax Authorities’ approval. I declare and confirm that I am familiar with the terms of Section 102, the Rules, and the implications and consequences of the chosen tax arrangement with respect to the Shares, and consent that all the terms and conditions set forth in Section 102 and the Rules, as shall be amended from time to time, shall apply to me and bind me. I hereby declare and confirm that I am familiar with the provisions of the trust agreement signed between SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and Tamir Fishman Trusts 2004 Ltd., or its successor in interest (the “Trustee”) (the “Trust Agreement”), including the deed of trust, attached to the Trust Agreement and constitute an integral part thereto (“Deed of Trust”), and I consent that the Trust Agreement and the Deed of Trust shall fully bind me. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I agree that the Shares will be deposited in trust with the Trustee and be held in trust in accordance with Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby declare and consent that any and all the rights that I shall be entitled to with respect to the Shares, including, without limitation, dividend, bonus shares and shares issued pursuant to adjustments made by SVB Financial Group, shall be issued in the name of the Trustee and be deposited with the Trustee, and shall be subject to Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I acknowledge that during the “Holding Period” as determined by the Tax Ordinance I am prevented from selling the Shares, or releasing them from the Trustee, before the termination of the “Holding Period” and I understand the tax implications and consequences that may be applied as a result of breaching such obligation, as set by Section 102, which I am familiar with. A-6 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. If I will cease to be an Israeli resident or if my employment will be terminated for any reason, the Shares shall remain subject to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree that any tax liability whatsoever arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any awards, sale of Shares, release of Shares from the Trustee or any other event or act with respect to the Shares granted to me, shall be borne solely by me. I declare and consent that the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee shall make any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, to any tax authority, according to Section 102, the Rules, the Trust Agreement or any other compulsory payments or applicable law. I understand that this grant of Shares under the capital gain track is conditioned upon the receipt, inter alia, of all required approvals from the tax authorities. Accordingly, to the extent that for whatever reason SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. shall not be granted an approval by the Israeli Tax Authorities under section 102, I shall bear and pay any and all taxes and any other compulsory payments applicable to the grant, exercise, sale or other disposition of options or stocks; I hereby declare and consent for the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee to deduct any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, for any payment to the tax authorities, according to the Rules, or any other applicable compulsory payments. I confirm that SVB Financial Group and/or the Trustee shall not be required to release any Shares or any proceeds deriving from the sale of Shares, to me, until all required tax payments according to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement, including any other compulsory payments, or applicable law, have been fully assured. I acknowledge that the Trustee is not a tax advisor and it is recommended that I consult a tax advisor before I accept this letter, any restricted stock units vest, sell any Shares or release them from the Trustee, or any other act. I agree to indemnify SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee and to hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any damage and/or loss and/or expense that might occur regarding the tax liability and/or the execution of the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree to bear all the applicable fees and commissions involved in establishing and maintaining trust account in the Trustee’s name, and in performing any action in the trust account. I hereby agree to sign any document reasonably required at SVB Financial Group’s and/or the Trustee’s request. I hereby confirm that I read this letter thoroughly, received all the clarifications and explanations I requested, I understand the contents of this letter and the obligations I undertake in signing it. ____________________ _______________ ___________________ Name of the Beneficiary I.D. Number Signature A-7 UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 10 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 10 of the Award Agreement, you agree that you are liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenant to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). You also agree to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on your behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to you on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. You are responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from you by any of the means referred to in Section 10 of the Award Agreement. A-8 Exhibit 10.26 Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Unit Award and Award Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee Number: Total RSUs: Up to Grant Name: Issue Date/Date of Grant: Grant Price: <$**.** USD> Plan: <2006 Equity Incentive Plan> Vesting Schedule - RSU The vesting of the RSUs (as defined below) granted hereunder is time-based, as follows: • [Time Vesting-] Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you (“you” or the “Participant”) have been granted an Award of Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) under the SVB Financial Group 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”). Unless otherwise defined herein or in the Award Agreement, capitalized terms herein or in the Award Agreement will have the defined meanings ascribed to them in the Plan. RSUs in each period will vest in increments on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (“Vesting Dates”), subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the RSUs subject to the Award will fully vest. Further, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement (as defined herein), then your RSUs may be eligible for continued vesting as described in Section 3 of the Award Agreement. Unless otherwise specified in the Restricted Stock Unit Election Form (the “Election”), the Settlement Dates for the RSUs shall be the Vesting Dates. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, pursuant to Section 6 of the Award Agreement) in whole Shares, less applicable Tax-Related Items. The Company shall issue to you, on a date within thirty (30) days following the Settlement Date, a number of whole Shares to equal to the vested RSUs. The RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. [If permitted, you may elect to defer delivery of the payment of any Shares, which election will be subject to such documentation as the Company may promptly and reasonably request. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, any such deferral election by you will be void and not given effect unless your deferral election is made at least twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares otherwise are scheduled to be paid. The Committee may require that you make an election earlier than twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares are scheduled to be paid. Upon the date the Shares vest to which a deferral election applies, the Company will create a bookkeeping entry initially representing an amount equivalent to the Fair Market Value of the number of Shares that would have otherwise been payable hereunder had a deferral election not been made. Any such obligation will represent an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company.] 1 By your acceptance of the RSUs and your and the Company’s signatures below, you and the Company agree that these RSUs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Award Agreement including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date 1 Bracketed language to be used only for directors and executives SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT 1. Grant. The Company hereby grants to the Participant under the Plan an Award of the number of RSUs set forth on the first page hereof, subject to all of the terms and conditions in this Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”) and the Plan. 2. Company’s Obligation. Each RSU represents the right to receive a share of Common Stock (“Share”) on the date it becomes vested. Unless and until the RSUs will have vested in the manner set forth in Sections 3 and 4, the Participant will have no right to issuance of Shares in connection with any such RSUs. Prior to actual payment of any vested RSUs, such RSUs will represent an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the general assets of the Company. 3. Vesting Schedule. Subject to Section 4, and except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement, the RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will vest in the Participant according to the vesting schedule set forth on the first page hereof, subject to the Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through the Vesting Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of his or her death or Disability, then 100% of the RSUs subject to this Award will fully vest. Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of his or her Retirement, and provided that upon such termination date the Participant is a “Good Leaver” (as defined below) (such termination date, the “Retirement Date”) and provided further that your Retirement Date is not within the six (6) month period following the Date of Grant, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will remain outstanding and will continue to vest in the Participant according to the vesting schedule set forth in this Award Agreement (and notwithstanding the fact that the Participant is not a Service Provider on the applicable Vesting Date), subject to the Participant remaining in “Good Standing” at all times on or following the Retirement Date and through the applicable Vesting Date. Following the Retirement Date, in order to vest in the RSUs on a Vesting Date, the Participant must complete a Certification Notice no later than seven (7) business days prior to the applicable Vesting Date (the “Certification Notice Deadline”), certifying that the Participant remains in Good Standing. The Certification Notice will be provided to the Participant by the Company prior to the Certification Notice Deadline and must be completed and submitted in the form and manner determined by the Company. If the Certification Notice is not completed and submitted to the Company by the Certification Notice Deadline, or, if at any time following the Retirement Date the Participant is not in Good Standing, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will thereupon be forfeited at no cost to the Company or its Affiliate and the Participant will have no further rights thereunder. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Leaver” means that (i) the Participant has provided the Company notice of his or her intent to terminate the Participant’s status as a Service Provider no later than six (6) months prior to his or her Retirement Date, and (ii) the Participant has provided satisfactory assistance to the Company to transition his or her duties as a Service Provider (as determined in the sole discretion of the Company). Any determination as to whether the Participant is a Good Leaver will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Standing” means that at all times following the Retirement Date and through each applicable Vesting Date, the Participant (i) has not acted in a manner that is harmful to the Company (including by disparaging any members of the Board or any members of the Company’s senior management team); (ii) did not engage in any act or omission prior to the Retirement Date that could have constituted grounds for the Company to terminate the Participant as a 2 Service Provider for “cause” under the terms of any agreement between the Company and the Participant or any Company plan or policy (including any such act or omission that is discovered after the Participant’s employment with the Company); (iii) has cooperated with any investigation, lawsuit, regulatory or similar matter related to the period of the Participant’s employment with the Company or related to any matter that the Participant could reasonably be expected to have knowledge; (iv) has not breached any agreement between the Participant and the Company (including any agreement obligating the Participant to maintain the confidentiality of any Company confidential information and/or trade secrets); (v) has not committed any felony or has not committed any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, in each case, whether or not related to the business of the Company, that could bring reputational harm to the Company; (vi) has not, directly or indirectly, solicited for employment or other services any employee of the Company (or any former employee who was employed by the Company during the twelve (12)-month period immediately preceding the Retirement Date); (vii) has not, directly or indirectly, solicited any client or customer of the Company to engage in a business that competes with the business of the Company or caused or attempted to cause any client or customer of the Company to diminish its business with the Company; (viii) has not engaged in any capacity in any business or other activity that competes with any business of the Company anywhere where the Company engages in such business; and (ix) has not brought any suit or other claim against the Company, whether or not related to the Participant’s role as a Service Provider. Nothing herein is intended to limit the Participant’s rights under applicable law to provide truthful information to any governmental entity or to file a charge with or participate in an investigation conducted by any governmental entity. Any determination as to whether the Participant is in Good Standing will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” means that the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider on or after reaching fifty-five (55) years of age and following a minimum of ten (10) years of continuous service as an Employee to the Company or its Affiliates. 4. Forfeiture upon Termination of Status as a Service Provider. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Award Agreement (but subject to the provisions of Section 3), if the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any or no reason (other than due to the Participant’s death or Disability or Retirement pursuant to the terms of Section 3) prior to the Vesting Date, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will thereupon be forfeited at no cost to the Company or its Affiliate and the Participant will have no further rights thereunder. In the event of the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later to be found invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any) and except as otherwise provided in Section 3, the Participant’s right to vest in the RSUs under the Plan, if any, will terminate effective as of the date that the Participant is no longer employed by the Participant’s employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any. The Committee shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when the Participant is no longer employed for purposes of the RSUs. 5. Issuance after Vesting. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be settled in whole Shares delivered to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, pursuant to Section 6 hereof), provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, less any Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 7 below) withholding. The Company shall issue such Shares to the Participant within thirty (30) days of the Vesting Date. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or this Award Agreement to the contrary, if the vesting of the balance, or some lesser portion of the balance, of the RSUs is accelerated in connection with Participant’s termination as a Service Provider (provided that such termination is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code to the extent Section 409A of the Code is 3 applicable, as determined by the Company), other than due to death, or if the RSUs are otherwise considered deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code upon Participant’s termination as a Service Provider, and if (x) Participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code at the time of such termination and (y) the issuance of such RSUs will result in the imposition of additional tax under Section 409A of the Code if issued to Participant on or within the six (6) month period following Participant’s termination as a Service Provider, then the RSUs will not be issued until the date six (6) months and one (1) day following the date of Participant’s termination as a Service Provider, unless Participant dies following his or her termination, in which case, the RSUs will be issued in Shares in accordance with Section 6 as soon as practicable following his or her death. Each payment payable under this Award Agreement is intended to constitute a separate payment for purposes of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(2). It is the intent of this Award Agreement that it and all payments and benefits to U.S. taxpayers hereunder be exempt from, or comply with, the requirements of Section 409A of the Code so that none of the RSUs provided under this Award Agreement or Shares issuable thereunder will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Section 409A of the Code, and any ambiguities herein will be interpreted to be so exempt or so comply. However, in no event will the Company or any of its Parent or Subsidiaries have any liability or obligation to reimburse, indemnify, or hold harmless Participant for any taxes, penalties, and interest that may be imposed, or other costs that may be incurred, as a result of Section 409A of the Code. 6. Issuance after Death. Any issuance to be made to the Participant under this Award Agreement will, if the Participant is then deceased, be made to the Participant’s designated beneficiary (provided such beneficiary has been designated prior to the Participant’s death in a form acceptable to the Administrator), or if no beneficiary survives the Participant, the personal representative, administrator or executor of the Participant’s estate. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of his or her status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations pertaining to said transfer. 7. Withholding of Taxes. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with the Participant’s participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to the Participant’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to the Participant (the “Tax-Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, the Participant hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains the Participant’s responsibility and liability. The Participant acknowledges that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares in connection with the RSUs shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. Unless otherwise determined by the Company or set forth in the Appendix, Tax-Related Items withholding obligations shall be satisfied by having the Company and/or the Employer withhold the cash equivalent of all or a portion of any Shares that otherwise would be issued to the Participant upon settlement of the vested RSUs. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in the Participant’s jurisdiction(s), in which case the Participant may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. For tax purposes, the Participant is deemed to have been issued the full number of Shares subject to the vested RSUs, notwithstanding that a number of the Shares is held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items withholding. The Company or the Employer may also satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer. Alternatively, by the Participant’s acceptance of the RSUs, the Participant authorizes and directs the Company or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on the Participant’s behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to the Participant as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax-Related Items. Finally, the Participant agrees to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax- Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied 4 by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer or sale of the Shares acquired under the Plan. 8. Dividend Equivalents. If the Company declares a cash dividend with respect to Shares, the Participant will receive credits equal to the amount of the cash dividends payable on the cash dividend payment date with respect to the number of Shares represented by the RSUs outstanding as of the cash dividend record date. The credits will be subject to the same terms and conditions that apply to the RSUs (including vesting conditions), such that no payment shall be made to the Participant unless and until the corresponding RSUs have vested in accordance with Section 3. The credits will be settled in Shares or cash as determined by the Company in its sole discretion on the date the underlying RSUs are settled, subject to the Company’s collection of the Tax-Related Items pursuant to Section 7. If an RSU is settled before a cash dividend payment date, but after the cash dividend record date, the Participant will be entitled to be paid for the credits that relate to such RSUs on the cash dividend payment date, or as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter. If the credit is settled in Shares, the number of Shares payable will equal the dollar value of such credits on the settlement date divided by the Fair Market Value of a Share on the settlement date rounded down to the nearest whole Share. In the event of a dividend or distribution paid in Shares or any other adjustment made upon a change in the capital structure of the Company as described in Section 16 of the Plan, appropriate adjustments will be made to the RSUs so that they represent the right to receive upon settlement any and all new, substituted or additional securities or other property (other than cash dividends) to which the Participant would be entitled by reason of the Shares issuable upon settlement of the RSUs, and all such new, substituted or additional securities or other property will be immediately subject to the same vesting conditions as are applicable to the RSUs. 9. Rights as Stockholder. Neither the Participant nor any person claiming under or through the Participant will have any of the rights or privileges of a stockholder of the Company in respect of any Shares deliverable hereunder unless and until certificates representing such Shares have been issued, recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and delivered to the Participant. 10. Acknowledgements. The Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following: • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of the RSUs is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of RSUs, or benefits in lieu of the RSUs even if the RSUs have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future RSUs or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; the Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable and cannot be predicted with certainty; the RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company 5 and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider; • • • no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the RSUs resulting from the termination of the Participant's employment or other service relationship (for any reason whatsoever whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any); the RSU grant and the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall not create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or services contract with the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate the Participant’s employment or service relationship (if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the RSUs and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the RSUs or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the shares of the Company; and • the following provisions apply only if the Participant is providing services outside the United States: ▪ ▪ the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of the same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between the Participant’s local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of the RSUs or of any amounts due to the Participant pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon settlement. 11. No Advice Regarding Grant. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Participant’s participation in the Plan, or the Participant’s acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. The Participant should consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 12. Address for Notices. Any notice to be given to the Company under the terms of this Award Agreement will be addressed to the Company at 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration, or at such other address as the Company may hereafter designate in writing. 13. Grant is Not Transferable. Except to the limited extent provided in Section 6, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby will not be transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) and will not be subject to sale under execution, attachment or similar process. Upon any attempt to transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of this grant, or any right or privilege conferred hereby, or upon any attempted sale under any execution, attachment or similar process, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby immediately will become null and void. 6 14. Binding Agreement. Subject to the limitation on the transferability of this grant contained herein, this Award Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors and assigns of the parties hereto. 15. Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If at any time the Company will determine, in its discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of the Shares upon any securities exchange or under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to the Participant (or his estate), such issuance will not occur unless and until such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval will have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. Where the Company determines that the issuance of any Shares will violate U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities laws or other applicable laws, the Company will defer delivery until the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the delivery of Shares will no longer cause such violation. The Company will make all reasonable efforts to meet the requirements of any law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority. 16. Plan Governs. This Award Agreement is subject to all terms and provisions of the Plan. In the event of a conflict between one or more provisions of this Award Agreement and one or more provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will govern. 17. Administrator Authority. The Administrator will have the power to interpret the Plan and this Award Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke any such rules (including, but not limited to, the determination of whether or not any RSUs have vested). All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Administrator in good faith will be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Administrator will be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award Agreement. 18. Captions. Captions provided herein are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Award Agreement. 19. Agreement Severable. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 20. Modifications to the Agreement. This Award Agreement, including the Appendix, and the Plan constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. The Participant expressly warrants that he or she is not accepting this Award Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. Modifications to this Award Agreement or the Plan can be made only in an express written contract executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company. 21. Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to RSUs awarded under the Plan or future RSUs that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request the Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. The Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind the Participant and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 7 22. Compliance with Applicable Laws. The vesting of the RSUs under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and the Participant with all Applicable Laws. 23. Language. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is proficient in the English language, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow the Participant to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If the Participant has received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 24. Appendix. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if the Participant resides outside the United States at any time during the life of the Award, the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if the Participant relocates to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to the Participant, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 25. Governing Law and Venue. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Award of RSUs or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award of RSUs is made and/or to be performed. 26. Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on the Participant’s participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require the Participant to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 27. Insider Trading/Market Abuse Restrictions. By accepting the RSUs, the Participant acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant further acknowledges that, depending on the Participant’s or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect the Participant’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as the Participant is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders the Participant placed before the Participant possessed inside information. Furthermore, the Participant could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and the Participant should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter. 8 28. Foreign Asset/Account, Exchange Control and Tax Reporting. Depending on the Participant’s country, the Participant may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect the Participant’s ability acquire or hold RSUs or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside the Participant’s country. The applicable laws of the Participant’s country may require that he or she report such RSUs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to the Participant’s country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult his or her personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 29. Waiver. The Participant acknowledges that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by the Participant or any other participant. 9 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the RSUs granted to the Participant under the Plan if he or she is in one of the countries listed below. If the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which the Participant is currently residing and/or working or if the Participant moves to another country after receiving the grant of RSUs, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to the Participant. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which the Participant should be aware with respect to his or her participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that the Participant not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of the Participant’s participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time the RSUs vest, the Shares underlying the RSUs are issued or the Participant sells Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to the Participant’s particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure the Participant of a particular result. Accordingly, the Participant is advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in his country may apply to the Participant’s situation. Finally, if the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which he or she is currently working, or is considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if the Participant transfers employment and/or residency to another country after the RSUs have been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all RSUs or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). A-1 Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting RSUs, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. The Participant hereby authorizes the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. The Participant further authorizes the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors. The Participant further authorizes the company and any Affiliate to record such information and to keep such information in the Participant’s employee file. A-2 Notifications Securities Law Notification. The Participant is permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., RSUs), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the RSUs must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. The Participant should consult with his or her personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA Terms and Conditions Unless otherwise required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”), the following provisions apply only to Participants who are nationals of the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) and reside in the PRC ,as determined by the Company in its sole discretion. Issuance After Vesting. This provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement: Upon the vesting of RSUs in accordance with Section 3, the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) shall be paid an amount in local currency through local payroll that is equal in value to the Fair Market Value of the applicable number of whole Shares otherwise issuable at vesting, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs shall be deducted from the amount of cash otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. This provision supplements Section 8 of the Award Agreement: To the extent that dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. A-3 GERMANY Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. The Participant is responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. INDIA Terms and Conditions Issuance after Vesting. The following provision supplements Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid in cash to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) based on the value equivalent to the number of applicable whole Shares, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs will be paid by reducing the amount otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. ISRAEL Terms and Conditions The following provision applies to the Participant if the Participant is in Israel on the Date of Grant. Trust Arrangement. The Participant understands and agrees that the RSUs are offered subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Plan, Israeli Subplan (the “Subplan”), Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking. The Participant understands that the RSUs shall be allocated under the provisions of the track referred to as the “Capital Gain Route,” according to Section 102(b)(2) and 102(b)(3) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (“Section 102”) and shall be held by the trustee for the periods stated in Section 102. The Participant hereby confirms that he or she has: (i) read and understands the Plan, Subplan, Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking; (ii) received all the clarifications and explanations that the Participant has requested; and (iii) had the opportunity to consult with his or her advisers before accepting the Award Agreement. In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Israeli Appendix and the Award Agreement, the provisions of this Appendix shall govern the RSUs and any Shares and in no event shall any term require shareholder approval as set out in Section 21(b) of the Plan. A-4 Limited Transferability. This provision supplements Section 13 of the Award Agreement: As long as the RSUs or any issued Shares are held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf, all of the Participant’s rights over the RSUs or the Shares are personal and cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or mortgaged, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, Section 102 and any rules or regulations or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder, to obtain favorable tax treatment for Capital Gain Route awards, the Participant may not sell or release from trust any Shares received upon vesting of the RSUs and/or any Shares received subsequently following any realization of rights, including without limitation, bonus shares, until the lapse of the holding period required under Section 102. Notwithstanding the above, if any such sale or release occurs during the holding period, the sanctions under Section 102 and under any rules or regulation or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder will apply to and will be borne by the Participant. Issuance of Shares. This provision supplements Sections 5 and 6 of the Award Agreement: If the Shares are to be issued during the holding period, such Shares shall be restricted and will be held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf. In the event that the Shares are to be issued after the expiration of the holding period, the Participant may elect to have the Shares issued and delivered directly to him or her, provided that the Participant first complies with any Tax-Related Items stipulated under this Award Agreement to the Trustee’s and the Company’s satisfaction, or in trust on the Participant’s behalf to the Trustee. Withholding of Taxes. This provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: The Participant hereby agrees to indemnify the Company (or any Affiliate) and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any Tax-Related Items and other amounts, or interest or penalty thereon, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such amounts from any payment made to the Participant. Any reference to the Company or the Employer shall include a reference to the Trustee. The Participant hereby undertakes to release the Trustee from any liability in respect of any action or decisions duly taken and bona fide executed in relation to the Plan or any RSUs or Shares acquired under the Plan. The Participant agrees to execute any and all documents which the Company or the Trustee may reasonably determine to be necessary in order to comply with the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. The Participant shall not be liable for the Employer’s components of payments to the national insurance institute, unless otherwise agreed by the Participant and allowed by applicable tax laws. Furthermore, the Participant agrees to indemnify the Company, the Employer and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any such tax or interest or penalty thereon that Participant has agreed to pay, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such tax from any payment made to the Participant for which the Participant is responsible. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Award Agreement, no Tax-Related Items will be settled by withholding Shares, unless the ITA approves otherwise in writing. A-5 Governing Law. This section supplements Section 26 of the Award Agreement: To the extent any covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement and the rights of the Participant hereunder are intended to be rights granted under Section 102 and therefore determined to be subject to Israeli law, such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement shall be subject to applicable Israeli law, but shall in no way affect, impair or invalidate any other provision of the Award Agreement, and the applicability of the Plan to such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement. Written Acceptance. The Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of the Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. The following provision applies if the Participant transfers into Israel after the Date of Grant. Issuance after Vesting. The following provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with the vesting schedule in the Notice of Grant will be paid to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant's death, to his or her estate), upon satisfaction, as determined by the Company, of any Tax-Related Items as set forth in Section 7 of this Award Agreement. At the discretion of the Company, the Shares will be subject to an immediate forced sale restriction, pursuant to which all Shares acquired at vesting will be immediately sold and the Participant will receive the sale proceeds less Tax-Related Items and applicable broker fees and commissions. In this case, the Participant will not be entitled to hold any Shares acquired at vesting. A-6 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT ISRAEL BENEFICIARY 102 UNDERTAKING If the Participant has not already executed an Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking in connection with grants made under the Israeli Subplan, the Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of this Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I hereby agree that any shares (the “Shares”) (as defined by Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 1961) (the “Tax Ordinance”) issued to me by SVB Financial Group according to and under the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Israeli Subplan adopted by SVB Financial Group as of January 8, 2014 (collectively, the “Plan”) are granted to me to qualify under the capital gain tax treatment in accordance and pursuant to Section 102(b)(2) of the Tax Ordinance after 132 amendment (“Section 102”) and the Income Tax Rules (Tax Relief upon the Allotment of Shares to Employees), 2003 (the “Rules”) unless I am otherwise notified subject to SVB Financial Group’s absolute discretion to change such election on future grants and subject to the Tax Authorities’ approval. I declare and confirm that I am familiar with the terms of Section 102, the Rules, and the implications and consequences of the chosen tax arrangement with respect to the Shares, and consent that all the terms and conditions set forth in Section 102 and the Rules, as shall be amended from time to time, shall apply to me and bind me. I hereby declare and confirm that I am familiar with the provisions of the trust agreement signed between SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and Tamir Fishman Trusts 2004 Ltd., or its successor in interest (the “Trustee”) (the “Trust Agreement”), including the deed of trust, attached to the Trust Agreement and constitute an integral part thereto (“Deed of Trust”), and I consent that the Trust Agreement and the Deed of Trust shall fully bind me. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I agree that the Shares will be deposited in trust with the Trustee and be held in trust in accordance with Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby declare and consent that any and all the rights that I shall be entitled to with respect to the Shares, including, without limitation, dividend, dividend equivalents, bonus shares and shares issued pursuant to adjustments made by SVB Financial Group, shall be issued in the name of the Trustee and be deposited with the Trustee, and shall be subject to Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I acknowledge that during the “Holding Period” as determined by the Tax Ordinance I am prevented from selling the Shares, or releasing them from the Trustee, before the termination of the “Holding Period” and I understand the tax implications and consequences that may be applied as a result of breaching such obligation, as set by Section 102, which I am familiar with. A-7 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. If I will cease to be an Israeli resident or if my employment will be terminated for any reason, the Shares shall remain subject to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree that any tax liability whatsoever arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any awards, sale of Shares, release of Shares from the Trustee or any other event or act with respect to the Shares granted to me, shall be borne solely by me. I declare and consent that the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee shall make any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, to any tax authority, according to Section 102, the Rules, the Trust Agreement or any other compulsory payments or applicable law. I understand that this grant of Shares under the capital gain track is conditioned upon the receipt, inter alia, of all required approvals from the tax authorities. Accordingly, to the extent that for whatever reason SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. shall not be granted an approval by the Israeli Tax Authorities under section 102, I shall bear and pay any and all taxes and any other compulsory payments applicable to the grant, exercise, sale or other disposition of options or stocks; I hereby declare and consent for the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee to deduct any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, for any payment to The tax authorities, according to the Rules, or any other applicable compulsory payments. I confirm that SVB Financial Group and/or the Trustee shall not be required to release any Shares or any proceeds deriving from the sale of Shares, to me, until all required tax payments according to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement, including any other compulsory payments, or applicable law, have been fully assured. I acknowledge that the Trustee is not a tax advisor and it is recommended that I consult a tax advisor before I accept this letter, any restricted stock units vest, sell any Shares or release them from the Trustee, or any other act. I agree to indemnify SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee and to hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any damage and/or loss and/or expense that might occur regarding the tax liability and/or the execution of the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree to bear all the applicable fees and commissions involved in establishing and maintaining trust account in the Trustee’s name, and in performing any action in the trust account. I hereby agree to sign any document reasonably required at the Company’s and/or the Trustee’s request. I hereby confirm that I read this letter thoroughly, received all the clarifications and explanations I requested, I understand the contents of this letter and the obligations I undertake in signing it. ____________________ _______________ ___________________ Name of the Beneficiary I.D. Number Signature A-8 UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions RSUs Payable Only in Shares. RSUs granted to the Participant resident in the United Kingdom shall be paid in Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Plan to the contrary. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement, dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs to a Participant resident in the United Kingdom, the credits shall be settled in whole Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Award Agreement to the contrary. Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 7 of the Award Agreement, the Participant agrees that the Participant is liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenants to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). The Participant also agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on the Participant’s behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant is a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to the Participant on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. The Participant is responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from the Participant by any of the means referred to in Section 7 of the Award Agreement. A-9 Exhibit 10.27 Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Unit Award and Award Agreement (Performance-Based) SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee Number: Total RSUs: Up to Grant Name: Issue Date/Date of Grant: Grant Price: <$**.** USD> Plan: <2006 Equity Incentive Plan> Vesting Schedule - RSU Vesting Conditions Number of RSUs Earned The vesting of the RSUs (as defined below) granted hereunder are both performance- based and time-based, as follows: [Condition 1] [Condition 2] [Condition 3] [Condition 4] 0 • • Performance Condition – [Insert conditions] Time Vesting – To the extent the RSUs are deemed earned, the RSUs will be subject to further vesting and will cliff vest on [ _______ ___, 20___] (the “Vesting Date”) provided the Participant remains a Service Provider as of such Vesting Date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you (“you” or the “Participant”) have been granted an Award of Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) under the SVB Financial Group 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”). Unless otherwise defined herein or in the Award Agreement, capitalized terms herein or in the Award Agreement will have the defined meanings ascribed to them in the Plan. RSUs in each period will vest in increments on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (“Vesting Dates”), subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death, and such termination occurs prior to the satisfaction of the Performance Condition(s) listed above, then the number of RSUs that will vest upon your termination will be calculated based on a target level of achievement of the Performance Condition(s). Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Disability, and such termination occurs prior to the satisfaction of the Performance Condition(s) listed above, then the number of RSUs that will vest upon your termination will be calculated based on the actual level of achievement of the Performance Condition(s): (i) as of the end of the applicable performance period (for any Performance Condition(s) where the level of achievement is calculated based on Company performance), or (ii) as of the date of your termination (for any Performance Condition(s) where the level of achievement is calculated based on your individual performance), and in either case, with the level of achievement determined by the Company in its sole discretion. Finally, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement (as defined herein), and such termination occurs prior to the satisfaction of the Performance Conditions(s) or the Time Vesting conditions listed above, then you may be eligible for continued vesting as described in Section 3 of this Award Agreement, with the number of RSUs eligible to vest on the Vesting Date calculated based on the actual level of achievement of the Performance Condition(s): (i) as of the end of the applicable performance period (for any Performance Condition(s) where the level of achievement is calculated based on Company performance), or (ii) as of the Retirement Date (as defined herein) (for any Performance Condition(s) where the level of achievement is calculated based on your individual performance), and in either case, with the level of achievement determined by the Company in its sole discretion. If your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, and such termination occurs prior to satisfying the Time Vesting conditions listed above, then 100% of the RSUs subject to Time Vesting will fully vest. Unless otherwise specified in the Restricted Stock Unit Election Form (the “Election”), the Settlement Dates for the RSUs shall be the Vesting Dates. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, pursuant to Section 6 of the Award Agreement) in whole Shares, less applicable Tax-Related Items. The Company shall issue to you, on a date within thirty (30) days following the Settlement Date, a number of whole Shares to equal to the vested RSUs. The RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. [If permitted, you may elect to defer delivery of the payment of any Shares, which election will be subject to such documentation as the Company may promptly and reasonably request. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, any such deferral election by you will be void and not given effect unless your deferral election is made at least twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares otherwise are scheduled to be paid. The Committee may require that you make an election earlier than twelve (12) months prior to the date the Shares are scheduled to be paid. Upon the date the Shares vest to which a deferral election applies, the Company will create a bookkeeping entry initially representing an amount equivalent to the Fair Market Value of the number of Shares that would have otherwise been payable hereunder had a deferral election not been made. Any such obligation will represent an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company.] 1 By your acceptance of the RSUs and your and the Company’s signatures below, you and the Company agree that these RSUs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Award Agreement including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name 1 Bracketed language to be used only for directors and executives Date Date 2 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT 1. Grant. The Company hereby grants to the Participant under the Plan an Award of the number of RSUs set forth on the first page hereof (the “Notice of Grant”), subject to all of the terms and conditions in this Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”) and the Plan. 2. Company’s Obligation. Each RSU represents the right to receive a share of Common Stock (“Share”) on the date it becomes vested. Unless and until the RSUs will have vested in the manner set forth in Sections 3 and 4, the Participant will have no right to issuance of Shares in connection with any such RSUs. Prior to actual payment of any vested RSUs, such RSUs will represent an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the general assets of the Company. 3. Vesting Schedule. Subject to Section 4, and except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement, the RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will vest in the Participant according to the vesting schedule set forth on the first page hereof, subject to the Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through the Vesting Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of his or her death or Disability, then some or all of the RSUs subject to this Award may vest as set forth in the Notice of Grant. Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of his or her Retirement, and provided that upon such termination date the Participant is a “Good Leaver” (as defined below) (such termination date, the “Retirement Date”) and provided further that your Retirement Date is not within the six (6) month period following the Date of Grant, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will remain outstanding and will be eligible to vest according to the schedule set forth in this Award Agreement (and notwithstanding the fact that the Participant is not a Service Provider on the Vesting Date), subject to the Participant remaining in “Good Standing” at all times on or following the Retirement Date and through the Vesting Date. Following the Retirement Date, in order to vest in the RSUs on the Vesting Date, the Participant must complete a Certification Notice no later than seven (7) business days prior to the Vesting Date (the “Certification Notice Deadline”), certifying that the Participant remains in Good Standing. The Certification Notice will be provided to the Participant by the Company prior to the Certification Notice Deadline and must be completed and submitted in the form and manner determined by the Company. If the Certification Notice is not completed and submitted to the Company by the Certification Notice Deadline, or, if at any time following the Retirement Date the Participant is not in Good Standing, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will thereupon be forfeited at no cost to the Company or its Affiliate and the Participant will have no further rights thereunder. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Leaver” means that (i) the Participant has provided the Company notice of his or her intent to terminate the Participant’s status as a Service Provider no later than six (6) months prior to his or her Retirement Date, and (ii) the Participant has provided satisfactory assistance to the Company to transition his or her duties as a Service Provider (as determined in the sole discretion of the Company). Any determination as to whether the Participant is a Good Leaver will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Standing” means that at all times following the Retirement Date and through the Vesting Date, the Participant (i) has not acted in a manner that is harmful to the Company (including by disparaging any members of the Board or any members of the Company’s senior management team); (ii) did not engage in any act or omission prior to the Retirement Date that could have constituted grounds for the Company to terminate the Participant as a Service Provider for “cause” under the terms of any agreement between the Company and the Participant or any Company plan or policy (including any such act or omission that is discovered after the Participant’s 3 employment with the Company); (iii) has cooperated with any investigation, lawsuit, regulatory or similar matter related to the period of the Participant’s employment with the Company or related to any matter that the Participant could reasonably be expected to have knowledge; (iv) has not breached any agreement between the Participant and the Company (including any agreement obligating the Participant to maintain the confidentiality of any Company confidential information and/or trade secrets); (v) has not committed any felony or has not committed any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, in each case, whether or not related to the business of the Company, that could bring reputational harm to the Company; (vi) has not, directly or indirectly, solicited for employment or other services any employee of the Company (or any former employee who was employed by the Company during the twelve (12)-month period immediately preceding the Retirement Date); (vii) has not, directly or indirectly, solicited any client or customer of the Company to engage in a business that competes with the business of the Company or caused or attempted to cause any client or customer of the Company to diminish its business with the Company; (viii) has not engaged in any capacity in any business or other activity that competes with any business of the Company anywhere where the Company engages in such business; and (ix) has not brought any suit or other claim against the Company, whether or not related to the Participant’s role as a Service Provider. Nothing herein is intended to limit the Participant’s rights under applicable law to provide truthful information to any governmental entity or to file a charge with or participate in an investigation conducted by any governmental entity. Any determination as to whether the Participant is in Good Standing will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” means that the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider on or after reaching fifty-five (55) years of age and following a minimum of ten (10) years of continuous service as an Employee to the Company or its Affiliates. 4. Forfeiture upon Termination of Status as a Service Provider. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Award Agreement (but subject to the provisions of Section 3), if the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any or no reason (other than due to the Participant’s death or Disability or Retirement pursuant to the terms of Section 3) prior to the Vesting Date, the then-unvested RSUs awarded by this Award Agreement will thereupon be forfeited at no cost to the Company or its Affiliate and the Participant will have no further rights thereunder. In the event of the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later to be found invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any) and except as otherwise provided in Section 3, the Participant’s right to vest in the RSUs under the Plan, if any, will terminate effective as of the date that the Participant is no longer employed by the Participant’s employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any. The Committee shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when the Participant is no longer employed for purposes of the RSUs. 5. Issuance after Vesting. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be settled in whole Shares delivered to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, pursuant to Section 6 hereof), provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, less any Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 7 below) withholding. The Company shall issue such Shares to the Participant within thirty (30) days of the Settlement Date. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or this Award Agreement to the contrary, if the vesting of the balance, or some lesser portion of the balance, of the RSUs is accelerated in connection with Participant’s termination as a Service Provider (provided that such termination is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code to the extent Section 409A of the Code is applicable, as determined by the Company), other than due to death, or if the RSUs are otherwise considered deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code upon Participant’s termination as a 4 Service Provider, and if (x) Participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code at the time of such termination and (y) the issuance of such RSUs will result in the imposition of additional tax under Section 409A of the Code if issued to Participant on or within the six (6) month period following Participant’s termination as a Service Provider, then the RSUs will not be issued until the date six (6) months and one (1) day following the date of Participant’s termination as a Service Provider, unless Participant dies following his or her termination, in which case, the RSUs will be issued in Shares in accordance with Section 6 as soon as practicable following his or her death. Each payment payable under this Award Agreement is intended to constitute a separate payment for purposes of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(2). It is the intent of this Award Agreement that it and all payments and benefits to U.S. taxpayers hereunder be exempt from, or comply with, the requirements of Section 409A of the Code so that none of the RSUs provided under this Award Agreement or Shares issuable thereunder will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Section 409A of the Code, and any ambiguities herein will be interpreted to be so exempt or so comply. However, in no event will the Company or any of its Parent or Subsidiaries have any liability or obligation to reimburse, indemnify, or hold harmless Participant for any taxes, penalties, and interest that may be imposed, or other costs that may be incurred, as a result of Section 409A of the Code. 6. Issuance after Death. Any issuance to be made to the Participant under this Award Agreement will, if the Participant is then deceased, be made to the Participant’s designated beneficiary (provided such beneficiary has been designated prior to the Participant’s death in a form acceptable to the Administrator), or if no beneficiary survives the Participant, the personal representative, administrator or executor of the Participant’s estate. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of his or her status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations pertaining to said transfer. 7. Withholding of Taxes. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with the Participant’s participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to the Participant’s participation in the Plan and legally applicable to the Participant (the “Tax-Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, the Participant hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains the Participant’s responsibility and liability. The Participant acknowledges that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares in connection with the RSUs shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. Unless otherwise determined by the Company or set forth in the Appendix, Tax-Related Items withholding obligations shall be satisfied by having the Company and/or the Employer withhold the cash equivalent of all or a portion of any Shares that otherwise would be issued to the Participant upon settlement of the vested RSUs. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in the Participant’s jurisdiction(s), in which case the Participant may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. For tax purposes, the Participant is deemed to have been issued the full number of Shares subject to the vested RSUs, notwithstanding that a number of the Shares is held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items withholding. The Company or the Employer may also satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer. Alternatively, by the Participant’s acceptance of the RSUs, the Participant authorizes and directs the Company or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on the Participant’s behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to the Participant as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax-Related Items. Finally, the Participant agrees to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax- Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by deduction from the Participant’s wages or other cash compensation paid to the Participant by the Company or the Employer or sale of the Shares acquired under the Plan. 5 8. Dividend Equivalents. If the Company declares a cash dividend with respect to Shares, the Participant will receive credits equal to the amount of the cash dividends payable on the cash dividend payment date with respect to the number of Shares represented by the RSUs outstanding as of the cash dividend record date. The credits will be subject to the same terms and conditions that apply to the RSUs (including vesting conditions), such that no payment shall be made to the Participant unless and until the corresponding RSUs have vested in accordance with Section 3. The credits will be settled in Shares or cash as determined by the Company in its sole discretion on the date the underlying RSUs are settled, subject to the Company’s collection of the Tax-Related Items pursuant to Section 7. If an RSU is settled before a cash dividend payment date, but after the cash dividend record date, the Participant will be entitled to be paid for the credits that relate to such RSUs on the cash dividend payment date, or as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter. If the credit is settled in Shares, the number of Shares payable will equal the dollar value of such credits on the settlement date divided by the Fair Market Value of a Share on the settlement date rounded down to the nearest whole Share. In the event of a dividend or distribution paid in Shares or any other adjustment made upon a change in the capital structure of the Company as described in Section 16 of the Plan, appropriate adjustments will be made to the RSUs so that they represent the right to receive upon settlement any and all new, substituted or additional securities or other property (other than cash dividends) to which the Participant would be entitled by reason of the Shares issuable upon settlement of the RSUs, and all such new, substituted or additional securities or other property will be immediately subject to the same vesting conditions as are applicable to the RSUs. 9. Rights as Stockholder. Neither the Participant nor any person claiming under or through the Participant will have any of the rights or privileges of a stockholder of the Company in respect of any Shares deliverable hereunder unless and until certificates representing such Shares have been issued, recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and delivered to the Participant. 10. Acknowledgements. The Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following: • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of the RSUs is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of RSUs, or benefits in lieu of the RSUs even if the RSUs have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future RSUs or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; the Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable and cannot be predicted with certainty; the RSUs and any Shares, cash, or other property paid upon settlement of the RSUs will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider; 6 • • • no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the RSUs resulting from the termination of the Participant's employment or other service relationship (for any reason whatsoever whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any); the RSU grant and the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall not create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or services contract with the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate the Participant’s employment or service relationship (if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the RSUs and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the RSUs or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the shares of the Company; and • the following provisions apply only if the Participant is providing services outside the United States: ▪ ▪ the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of the same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between the Participant’s local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of the RSUs or of any amounts due to the Participant pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon settlement. 11. No Advice Regarding Grant. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Participant’s participation in the Plan, or the Participant’s acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. The Participant should consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 12. Address for Notices. Any notice to be given to the Company under the terms of this Award Agreement will be addressed to the Company at 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration, or at such other address as the Company may hereafter designate in writing. 13. Grant is Not Transferable. Except to the limited extent provided in Section 6, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby will not be transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) and will not be subject to sale under execution, attachment or similar process. Upon any attempt to transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of this grant, or any right or privilege conferred hereby, or upon any attempted sale under any execution, attachment or similar process, this grant and the rights and privileges conferred hereby immediately will become null and void. 7 14. Binding Agreement. Subject to the limitation on the transferability of this grant contained herein, this Award Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors and assigns of the parties hereto. 15. Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If at any time the Company will determine, in its discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of the Shares upon any securities exchange or under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to the Participant (or his estate), such issuance will not occur unless and until such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval will have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. Where the Company determines that the issuance of any Shares will violate U.S. or non-U.S. local, state or federal securities laws or other applicable laws, the Company will defer delivery until the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the delivery of Shares will no longer cause such violation. The Company will make all reasonable efforts to meet the requirements of any law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority. 16. Plan Governs. This Award Agreement is subject to all terms and provisions of the Plan. In the event of a conflict between one or more provisions of this Award Agreement and one or more provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will govern. 17. Administrator Authority. The Administrator will have the power to interpret the Plan and this Award Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke any such rules (including, but not limited to, the determination of whether or not any RSUs have vested). All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Administrator in good faith will be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Administrator will be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award Agreement. 18. Captions. Captions provided herein are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Award Agreement. 19. Agreement Severable. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 20. Modifications to the Agreement. This Award Agreement, including the Appendix, and the Plan constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. The Participant expressly warrants that he or she is not accepting this Award Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. Modifications to this Award Agreement or the Plan can be made only in an express written contract executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company. 21. Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to RSUs awarded under the Plan or future RSUs that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request the Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. The Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind the Participant and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 8 22. Compliance with Applicable Laws. The vesting of the RSUs under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and the Participant with all Applicable Laws. 23. Language. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is proficient in the English language, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow the Participant to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If the Participant has received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 24. Appendix. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if the Participant resides outside the United States at any time during the life of the Award, the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if the Participant relocates to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to the Participant, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 25. Governing Law and Venue. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Award of RSUs or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award of RSUs is made and/or to be performed. 26. Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on the Participant’s participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require the Participant to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 27. Insider Trading/Market Abuse Restrictions. By accepting the RSUs, the Participant acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant further acknowledges that, depending on the Participant’s or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect the Participant’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as the Participant is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders the Participant placed before the Participant possessed inside information. Furthermore, the Participant could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and the Participant should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter. 9 28. Foreign Asset/Account, Exchange Control and Tax Reporting. Depending on the Participant’s country, the Participant may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect the Participant’s ability acquire or hold RSUs or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside the Participant’s country. The applicable laws of the Participant’s country may require that he or she report such RSUs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to the Participant’s country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult his or her personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 29. Waiver. The Participant acknowledges that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by the Participant or any other participant. 10 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the RSUs granted to the Participant under the Plan if he or she is in one of the countries listed below. If the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which the Participant is currently residing and/or working or if the Participant moves to another country after receiving the grant of RSUs, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to the Participant. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which the Participant should be aware with respect to his or her participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that the Participant not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of the Participant’s participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time the RSUs vest, the Shares underlying the RSUs are issued or the Participant sells Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to the Participant’s particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure the Participant of a particular result. Accordingly, the Participant is advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in his country may apply to the Participant’s situation. Finally, if the Participant is a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which he or she is currently working, or is considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if the Participant transfers employment and/or residency to another country after the RSUs have been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all RSUs or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). A-1 Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual obligations under this Award Agreement, granting RSUs, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. The Participant hereby authorizes the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. The Participant further authorizes the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors. The Participant further authorizes the company and any Affiliate to record such information and to keep such information in the Participant’s employee file. Notifications Securities Law Notification. The Participant is permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. A-2 Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., RSUs), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the RSUs must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. The Participant should consult with his or her personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA Terms and Conditions Unless otherwise required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”), the following provisions apply only to Participants who are nationals of the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) and reside in the PRC ,as determined by the Company in its sole discretion. Issuance After Vesting. This provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement: Upon the vesting of RSUs in accordance with Section 3, the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) shall be paid an amount in local currency through local payroll that is equal in value to the Fair Market Value of the applicable number of whole Shares otherwise issuable at vesting, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs shall be deducted from the amount of cash otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. This provision supplements Section 8 of the Award Agreement: To the extent that dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. GERMANY Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. The Participant is responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. A-3 INDIA Terms and Conditions Issuance after Vesting. The following provision supplements Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with Section 3 will be paid in cash to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant’s death, to his or her estate) based on the value equivalent to the number of applicable whole Shares, provided that to the extent determined appropriate by the Company, any Tax-Related Items withholding with respect to such RSUs will be paid by reducing the amount otherwise payable to the Participant. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs, such credits shall be settled in cash, not in Shares. ISRAEL Terms and Conditions The following provision applies to the Participant if the Participant is in Israel on the Date of Grant. Trust Arrangement. The Participant understands and agrees that the RSUs are offered subject to and in accordance with the terms of the Plan, Israeli Subplan (the “Subplan”), Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking. The Participant understands that the RSUs shall be allocated under the provisions of the track referred to as the “Capital Gain Route,” according to Section 102(b)(2) and 102(b)(3) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (“Section 102”) and shall be held by the trustee for the periods stated in Section 102. The Participant hereby confirms that he or she has: (i) read and understands the Plan, Subplan, Award Agreement and Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking; (ii) received all the clarifications and explanations that the Participant has requested; and (iii) had the opportunity to consult with his or her advisers before accepting the Award Agreement. In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Israeli Appendix and the Award Agreement, the provisions of this Appendix shall govern the RSUs and any Shares and in no event shall any term require shareholder approval as set out in Section 21(b) of the Plan. Limited Transferability. This provision supplements Section 13 of the Award Agreement: As long as the RSUs or any issued Shares are held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf, all of the Participant’s rights over the RSUs or the Shares are personal and cannot be transferred, assigned, pledged or mortgaged, other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, Section 102 and any rules or regulations or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder, to obtain favorable tax treatment for Capital Gain Route awards, the Participant may not sell or release from trust any Shares received upon vesting of the RSUs and/or any Shares received subsequently following any realization of rights, including without limitation, bonus shares, until the lapse of the holding period required under Section 102. Notwithstanding the above, if any such sale or release occurs during the holding period, the sanctions under Section 102 and under any rules or regulation or orders or procedures promulgated thereunder will apply to and will be borne by the Participant. A-4 Issuance of Shares. This provision supplements Sections 5 and 6 of the Award Agreement: If the Shares are to be issued during the holding period, such Shares shall be restricted and will be held by the Trustee on the Participant’s behalf. In the event that the Shares are to be issued after the expiration of the holding period, the Participant may elect to have the Shares issued and delivered directly to him or her, provided that the Participant first complies with any Tax-Related Items stipulated under this Award Agreement to the Trustee’s and the Company’s satisfaction, or in trust on the Participant’s behalf to the Trustee. Withholding of Taxes. This provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: The Participant hereby agrees to indemnify the Company (or any Affiliate) and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any Tax-Related Items and other amounts, or interest or penalty thereon, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such amounts from any payment made to the Participant. Any reference to the Company or the Employer shall include a reference to the Trustee. The Participant hereby undertakes to release the Trustee from any liability in respect of any action or decisions duly taken and bona fide executed in relation to the Plan or any RSUs or Shares acquired under the Plan. The Participant agrees to execute any and all documents which the Company or the Trustee may reasonably determine to be necessary in order to comply with the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. The Participant shall not be liable for the Employer’s components of payments to the national insurance institute, unless otherwise agreed by the Participant and allowed by applicable tax laws. Furthermore, the Participant agrees to indemnify the Company, the Employer and/or the Trustee and hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any such tax or interest or penalty thereon that Participant has agreed to pay, including without limitation, liabilities relating to the necessity to withhold, or to have withheld, any such tax from any payment made to the Participant for which the Participant is responsible. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Award Agreement, no Tax-Related Items will be settled by withholding Shares, unless the ITA approves otherwise in writing. Governing Law. This section supplements Section 26 of the Award Agreement: To the extent any covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement and the rights of the Participant hereunder are intended to be rights granted under Section 102 and therefore determined to be subject to Israeli law, such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement shall be subject to applicable Israeli law, but shall in no way affect, impair or invalidate any other provision of the Award Agreement, and the applicability of the Plan to such covenant, condition, or other provision of the Award Agreement. A-5 Written Acceptance. The Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of the Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. The following provision applies if the Participant transfers into Israel after the Date of Grant. Issuance after Vesting. The following provision replaces Section 5 of the Award Agreement. Any RSUs that vest in accordance with the vesting schedule in the Notice of Grant will be paid to the Participant (or in the event of the Participant's death, to his or her estate), upon satisfaction, as determined by the Company, of any Tax-Related Items as set forth in Section 7 of this Award Agreement. At the discretion of the Company, the Shares will be subject to an immediate forced sale restriction, pursuant to which all Shares acquired at vesting will be immediately sold and the Participant will receive the sale proceeds less Tax-Related Items and applicable broker fees and commissions. In this case, the Participant will not be entitled to hold any Shares acquired at vesting. A-6 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT ISRAEL BENEFICIARY 102 UNDERTAKING If the Participant has not already executed an Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking in connection with grants made under the Israeli Subplan, the Participant must print, sign and deliver the signed copy of this Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days to: 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 85281, Attn: Stock Administration. If the Company does not receive the signed Israel Beneficiary 102 Undertaking within 45 days, the RSUs may not qualify for preferential tax treatment. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I hereby agree that any shares (the “Shares”) (as defined by Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 1961) (the “Tax Ordinance”) issued to me by SVB Financial Group according to and under the terms and conditions of the Plan and the Israeli Subplan adopted by SVB Financial Group as of January 8, 2014 (collectively, the "Plan") are granted to me to qualify under the capital gain tax treatment in accordance and pursuant to Section 102(b)(2) of the Tax Ordinance after 132 amendment (“Section 102”) and the Income Tax Rules (Tax Relief upon the Allotment of Shares to Employees), 2003 (the “Rules”) unless I am otherwise notified subject to SVB Financial Group’s absolute discretion to change such election on future grants and subject to the Tax Authorities’ approval. I declare and confirm that I am familiar with the terms of Section 102, the Rules, and the implications and consequences of the chosen tax arrangement with respect to the Shares, and consent that all the terms and conditions set forth in Section 102 and the Rules, as shall be amended from time to time, shall apply to me and bind me. I hereby declare and confirm that I am familiar with the provisions of the trust agreement signed between SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and Tamir Fishman Trusts 2004 Ltd., or its successor in interest (the “Trustee”) (the “Trust Agreement”), including the deed of trust, attached to the Trust Agreement and constitute an integral part thereto (“Deed of Trust”), and I consent that the Trust Agreement and the Deed of Trust shall fully bind me. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I agree that the Shares will be deposited in trust with the Trustee and be held in trust in accordance with Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby declare and consent that any and all the rights that I shall be entitled to with respect to the Shares, including, without limitation, dividend, dividend equivalents, bonus shares and shares issued pursuant to adjustments made by SVB Financial Group, shall be issued in the name of the Trustee and be deposited with the Trustee, and shall be subject to Section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. Without derogating from the generality of the aforesaid, I acknowledge that during the “Holding Period” as determined by the Tax Ordinance I am prevented from selling the Shares, or releasing them from the Trustee, before the termination of the “Holding Period” and I understand the tax implications and consequences that may be applied as a result of breaching such obligation, as set by Section 102, which I am familiar with. A-7 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. If I will cease to be an Israeli resident or if my employment will be terminated for any reason, the Shares shall remain subject to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree that any tax liability whatsoever arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any awards, sale of Shares, release of Shares from the Trustee or any other event or act with respect to the Shares granted to me, shall be borne solely by me. I declare and consent that the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee shall make any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, to any tax authority, according to Section 102, the Rules, the Trust Agreement or any other compulsory payments or applicable law. I understand that this grant of Shares under the capital gain track is conditioned upon the receipt, inter alia, of all required approvals from the tax authorities. Accordingly, to the extent that for whatever reason SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. shall not be granted an approval by the Israeli Tax Authorities under section 102, I shall bear and pay any and all taxes and any other compulsory payments applicable to the grant, exercise, sale or other disposition of options or stocks; I hereby declare and consent for the SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee to deduct any tax payment due, out of the proceeds of any sale of Shares, for any payment to the tax authorities, according to the Rules, or any other applicable compulsory payments. I confirm that SVB Financial Group and/or the Trustee shall not be required to release any Shares or any proceeds deriving from the sale of Shares, to me, until all required tax payments according to section 102, the Rules and the Trust Agreement, including any other compulsory payments, or applicable law, have been fully assured. I acknowledge that the Trustee is not a tax advisor and it is recommended that I consult a tax advisor before I accept this letter, any restricted stock units vest, sell any Shares or release them from the Trustee, or any other act. I agree to indemnify SVB Financial Group, SVB Israel Advisors Ltd. and/or the Trustee and to hold them harmless against and from any and all liability for any damage and/or loss and/or expense that might occur regarding the tax liability and/or the execution of the Trust Agreement. I hereby agree to bear all the applicable fees and commissions involved in establishing and maintaining trust account in the Trustee’s name, and in performing any action in the trust account. I hereby agree to sign any document reasonably required at the Company’s and/or the Trustee’s request. I hereby confirm that I read this letter thoroughly, received all the clarifications and explanations I requested, I understand the contents of this letter and the obligations I undertake in signing it. ____________________ _______________ ___________________ Name of the Beneficiary I.D Number Signature A-8 UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions RSUs Payable Only in Shares. RSUs granted to the Participant resident in the United Kingdom shall be paid in Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Plan to the contrary. Dividend Equivalents. To the extent that pursuant to Section 8 of the Award Agreement, dividend equivalents shall be credited on RSUs to a Participant resident in the United Kingdom, the credits shall be settled in whole Shares only and do not provide any right for the Participant to receive a cash payment, notwithstanding any discretion contained in the Award Agreement to the contrary. Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 7 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 7 of the Award Agreement, the Participant agrees that the Participant is liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenants to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). The Participant also agrees to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on the Participant’s behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant is a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to the Participant on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. The Participant is responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from the Participant by the Company or the Employer by any of the means referred to in Section 7 of the Award Agreement. A-9 Exhibit 10.28 SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Award Number: Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ID: Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock Award and Award Agreement Name Address City, State, Zip Grant Agreement: Participant Name: Employee ID: Grant Number: Number of Shares of Restricted Stock: Date of Grant: Purchase Price per Share: Total Purchase Price: Expiration Date: Vesting Schedule: Vesting Date Shares Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you (“you” or the “Participant”) have been granted an award of SVB Financial Group (the “Company”) Restricted Stock (the “Award”). These Shares are restricted until the Vesting Date(s) show above. The current total value of the Award is $ ____________ . Shares in each period will vest in increments on the date(s) shown in the Vesting Schedule (“Vesting Dates”), subject to the Participant continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider is terminated due to his or her death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares subject to the Award will fully vest. Further, if the Participant’s status as a Service Provider is terminated due to his or her Retirement (as defined herein), then the Shares subject to the Award may be eligible for continued vesting as described in Section 2 of this Award Agreement. The Award and any Shares, cash or other property acquired in connection with this Award will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance of the Award and your and the Company’s signatures below, you and the Company agree that this Award is granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and the Award Agreement, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”), has awarded to Participant Shares of Restricted Stock. The Award hereunder is in connection with and in furtherance of the Company’s discretionary bonus program for participation of the Company’s Service Providers. Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Restricted Stock (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your Award are as follows: 1. TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS AWARD. The total number of Shares subject to this Award is set forth in the Notice of Grant. 2. FORFEITURE RESTRICTION. Subject to the terms of Section 3(a), and except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement, in the event Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any or no reason (other than death or Disability or Retirement pursuant to this Section 2) before the respective Vesting Dates (as set forth in the Notice of Grant), Participant shall forfeit the then Unreleased Shares (defined below) to the Company. Upon such forfeiture, the Company shall become the legal and beneficial owner of the Shares being forfeited and all rights and interests therein or relating thereto, and the Company shall have the right to retain and transfer to its own name the number of Shares being forfeited. In the event Participant ceases to be a Service Provider due to his or her death or Disability, then 100% of the Shares will fully vest and be released from the forfeiture restriction. Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider due to his or her Retirement, and provided that upon such termination date the Participant is a “Good Leaver” (as defined below) (such termination date, the “Retirement Date”) and provided further that your Retirement Date is not within the six (6) month period following the Date of Grant, the then Unreleased Shares will remain outstanding and will continue to vest in the Participant according to the vesting schedule set forth in this Award Agreement (and notwithstanding the fact that the Participant is not a Service Provider on the applicable Vesting Date), subject to the Participant remaining in “Good Standing” at all times on or following the Retirement Date and through the applicable Vesting Date. Following the Retirement Date, in order to vest in the Unreleased Shares on a Vesting Date, the Participant must complete a Certification Notice no later than seven (7) business days prior to the applicable Vesting Date (the “Certification Notice Deadline”), certifying that the Participant remains in Good Standing. The Certification Notice will be provided to the Participant by the Company prior to the Certification Notice Deadline and must be completed and submitted in the form and manner determined by the Company. If the Certification Notice is not completed and submitted to the Company by the Certification Notice Deadline, or, if at any time following the Retirement Date the Participant is not in Good Standing, Participant shall forfeit the then Unreleased Shares to the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Leaver” means that (i) the Participant has provided the Company notice of his or her intent to terminate the Participant’s status as a Service Provider no later than six (6) months prior to his or her Retirement Date, and (ii) the Participant has provided satisfactory assistance to the Company to transition his or her duties as a Service Provider (as determined in the sole discretion of the Company). Any determination as to whether the Participant is a Good Leaver will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Standing” means that at all times following the Retirement Date and through each applicable Vesting Date, the Participant (i) has not acted in a manner that is harmful to the Company (including by disparaging any members of the Board or any members of the 2 Company’s senior management team); (ii) did not engage in any act or omission prior to the Retirement Date that could have constituted grounds for the Company to terminate the Participant as a Service Provider for “cause” under the terms of any agreement between the Company and the Participant or any Company plan or policy (including any such act or omission that is discovered after the Participant’s employment with the Company); (iii) has cooperated with any investigation, lawsuit, regulatory or similar matter related to the period of the Participant’s employment with the Company or related to any matter that the Participant could reasonably be expected to have knowledge; (iv) has not breached any agreement between the Participant and the Company (including any agreement obligating the Participant to maintain the confidentiality of any Company confidential information and/or trade secrets); (v) has not committed any felony or has not committed any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, in each case, whether or not related to the business of the Company, that could bring reputational harm to the Company; (vi) has not, directly or indirectly, solicited for employment or other services any employee of the Company (or any former employee who was employed by the Company during the twelve (12)-month period immediately preceding the Retirement Date); (vii) has not, directly or indirectly, solicited any client or customer of the Company to engage in a business that competes with the business of the Company or caused or attempted to cause any client or customer of the Company to diminish its business with the Company; (viii) has not engaged in any capacity in any business or other activity that competes with any business of the Company anywhere where the Company engages in such business; and (ix) has not brought any suit or other claim against the Company, whether or not related to the Participant’s role as a Service Provider. Nothing herein is intended to limit the Participant’s rights under applicable law to provide truthful information to any governmental entity or to file a charge with or participate in an investigation conducted by any governmental entity. Any determination as to whether the Participant is in Good Standing will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” means that the Participant ceases to be a Service Provider on or after reaching fifty-five (55) years of age and following a minimum of ten (10) years of continuous service as an Employee to the Company or its Affiliates. 3. RELEASE OF SHARES FROM FORFEITURE RESTRICTION. (a) Subject to the limitations and exceptions contained herein, the Shares will vest (be released) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) the Shares become fully vested or (ii) except as otherwise provided in Section 2, Participant ceases to be a Service Provider for any reason. (The period beginning on the date of this Award Agreement and ending on each respective Vesting Date shall be referred to as the “Period of Restriction”). (b) Until the Shares have been released from the forfeiture restriction, they may be referred to herein as “Unreleased Shares.” (c) The Unreleased Shares may bear the following forfeiture restrictive legend: “THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO A RIGHT OF FORFEITURE IN FAVOR OF THE COMPANY, AS SET FORTH IN A STOCK AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ISSUER AND THE ORIGINAL HOLDER OF THESE SHARES, A COPY OF WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF THE ISSUER.” (d) The Share certificates representing the Shares, when released from the forfeiture restriction, shall be delivered to Participant pursuant to Section 4 of this Award Agreement. 4. ISSUANCE OF SHARE CERTIFICATES. 3 (a) The certificates evidencing the Shares shall be held in escrow by the secretary of the Company until the end of the respective Period of Restrictions (or earlier as set forth herein), at which time it shall be released to Participant by the Company in accordance with the provisions hereof. (b) At the end of each Period of Restriction, the Company shall cause the appropriate certificate representing the Shares (then released from the forfeiture restriction) to be delivered to Participant; provided, however that prior to such delivery Participant shall remit to the Company an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and/or local withholding tax requirements in connection with the Shares then to be released. (c) Subject to the terms hereof, Participant shall have all the rights of a stockholder with respect to such Shares before the Shares are released from the forfeiture restriction, including without limitation, the right to vote the Shares and receive any cash dividends declared thereon provided that no payment shall be made to Participant unless and until the corresponding Shares have vested in accordance with Section 3. In the event of any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares, the Unreleased Shares will be increased, reduced or otherwise changed, and by virtue of any such change Participant will in his or her capacity as owner of Unreleased Shares be entitled to new or additional or different shares of stock, cash or securities (other than rights or warrants to purchase securities); such new or additional or different shares, cash or securities will thereupon be considered to be Unreleased Shares and will be subject to all of the conditions and restrictions, including vesting, which were applicable to the Unreleased Shares pursuant to this Award Agreement. If Participant receives rights or warrants with respect to any Unreleased Shares, such rights or warrants may be held or exercised by Participant, provided that until such exercise any such rights or warrants and after such exercise any shares or other securities acquired by the exercise of such rights or warrants will be considered to be Unreleased Shares and will be subject to all of the conditions and restrictions which were applicable to the Unreleased Shares pursuant to this Award Agreement. The Administrator in its absolute discretion at any time may accelerate the vesting of all or any portion of such new or additional shares of stock, cash or securities, rights or warrants to purchase securities or shares or other securities acquired by the exercise of such rights or warrants. 5. ADJUSTMENTS. All references to the number of Shares in this Award Agreement shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, spin-off, combination, repurchase, or exchange of Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Shares occurs after the date of this Award Agreement. 6. PARTICIPANT'S REPRESENTATIONS. (a) Tax Consequences. Participant has reviewed with Participant’s own tax advisors the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of this investment and the transactions contemplated by this Award Agreement. Participant is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents. Participant understands that Participant (and not the Company) shall be responsible for Participant’s own tax liability that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions contemplated by this Award Agreement. (b) Tax Withholding. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Award Agreement, no certificate representing the Shares of Restricted Stock may be released from the escrow 4 established pursuant to Section 4, unless and until satisfactory arrangements (as determined by the Administrator) will have been made by Participant with respect to the payment of income, employment and other taxes which the Company determines must be withheld with respect to such Shares. To the extent determined appropriate by the Company in its discretion, it shall have the right (but not the obligation) to satisfy any tax withholding obligations by reducing the number of Shares otherwise deliverable to Participant. If Participant fails to make satisfactory arrangements for the payment of any required tax withholding obligations hereunder at the time any applicable Shares otherwise are scheduled to vest, Participant will permanently forfeit such Shares and the Shares will be returned to the Company at no cost to the Company. 7. AWARD NOT A SERVICE CONTRACT. This Award is not a guarantee of continued service and nothing in this Award shall be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on Participant’s part to continue in the service of the Company, or of the Company to continue Participant’s service with the Company. In addition, nothing in this Award shall obligate the Company or any Affiliate, or their respective stockholders, Board of Directors, officers or employees to continue any relationship which Participant might have as a Service Provider for the Company or Affiliate. 8. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This Award is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this Award, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Award and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 9. ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS TO RELEASE FROM ESCROW. The Company will not be required to issue any certificate or certificates for Shares hereunder or release such Shares from the escrow established pursuant to Section 4 prior to fulfillment of all the following conditions: (a) the admission of such Shares to listing on all stock exchanges on which such class of stock is then listed; (b) the completion of any registration or other qualification of such Shares under any state or federal law or under the rulings or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or any other governmental regulatory body, which the Administrator will, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable; (c) the obtaining of any approval or other clearance from any state or federal governmental agency, which the Administrator will, in its absolute discretion, determine to be necessary or advisable; and (d) the lapse of such reasonable period of time following the date of grant of the Restricted Stock as the Administrator may establish from time to time for reasons of administrative convenience. 10. GENERAL PROVISIONS. (a) This Award Agreement and the Plan represent the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the receipt of the Shares by Participant. Modifications to this Award Agreement or the Plan can be made only in an express written contract executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, the Company reserves the right to revise this Award Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without the consent of Participant, to comply with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Section 409A of the Code in connection to this Award of Restricted Stock. (b) The rights and benefits of the Company under this Award Agreement shall be transferable to any one or more persons or entities, and all covenants and agreements hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the Company’s successors and assigns. The rights and obligations of Participant under this Award Agreement may only be assigned with the prior written consent of the Company. 5 (c) Either party’s failure to enforce any provision or provisions of this Award Agreement shall not in any way be construed as a waiver of any such provision or provisions, nor prevent that party from thereafter enforcing each and every other provision of this Award Agreement. The rights granted both parties herein are cumulative and shall not constitute a waiver of either party’s right to assert all other legal remedies available to it under the circumstances. By Participant’s electronic signature on the Notice of Grant, Participant represents that this Award Agreement in its entirety has been reviewed, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Award Agreement and fully understands all provisions of this Award Agreement. 11. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to Awards granted under the Plan or future Awards that may be granted under the Plan by electronic means or request Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind the Participant and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 12. AUTHORIZATION TO RELEASE AND TRANSFER NECESSARY PERSONAL INFORMATION. The Participant hereby explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of his or her personal data by and among, as applicable, the Company and its Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Company and its Affiliates may hold certain personal information about the Participant including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security number (or any other social or national identification number), salary, nationality, job title, number of Shares held and the details of all Awards or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, cancelled, vested, unvested or outstanding (the “Data”) for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Data will be transferred to a stock plan service provider selected by the Company to assist the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Participant understands that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipients’ country (e.g., the United States) may have different data privacy laws and protections than the Participant’s country. The Participant understands that if he or she resides outside the United States, he or she may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of the Data by contacting his or her local human resources representative. The Participant authorizes the Company and any other possible recipients which may assist the Company (presently or in the future) with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purpose of implementing, administering and managing his or her participation in the Plan. Furthermore, the Participant acknowledges and understands that the transfer of Data to the Company, its Affiliates or to any third party is necessary for his or her participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage his or her participation in the Plan. The Participant understands if he or she resides outside the United States, he or she may, at any time, view the Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of the Data, require any necessary amendments to the Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, by contacting his or her local human resources representative in writing. Further, the Participant understands that he or she is providing the consents herein on a purely voluntary basis. If the Participant does not consent, or if the Participant later seeks to revoke his or her consent, his or her status as a Service Provider with the Employer will not be adversely affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent is that the Company would not be able to grant the Participant Restricted Stock or other equity 6 awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, the Participant understands that refusing or withdrawing his or her consent may affect the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, the Participant understands that he or she may contact his or her local human resources representative. 13. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The Participant acknowledges and agrees to the following: • • • • • • • • • • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; the grant of the Restricted Stock is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of Shares, or benefits in lieu of the Restricted Stock even if Shares have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future Restricted Stock or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; the Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; the Shares subject to the Restricted Stock Award, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable and cannot be predicted with certainty; the Restricted Stock Award and any Shares, cash or other property acquired in connection with the Restricted Stock Award will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive the Participant’s termination as a Service Provider; no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the Restricted Stock resulting from the termination of the Participant's employment or other service relationship (for any reason whatsoever whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where the Participant is employed or the terms of the Participant’s employment agreement, if any); the Restricted Stock grant and the Participant’s participation in the Plan shall not create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or services contract with the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate the Participant’s employment or service relationship (if any); and unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the Restricted Stock and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the Restricted Stock or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the shares of the Company. 14. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding the Participant’s participation in the Plan, or the Participant’s acquisition or sale of the Shares. The Participant should consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 15. ADDRESS FOR NOTICES. Any notice to be given to the Company under the terms of this Award Agreement will be addressed to the Company at 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600, Tempe, AZ 7 85281, Attn: Stock Administration, or at such other address as the Company may hereafter designate in writing. 16. ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS TO ISSUANCE OF STOCK. If at any time the Company will determine, in its discretion, that the listing, registration or qualification of the Shares upon any securities exchange or under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to the Participant (or his or her estate), such issuance will not occur unless and until such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval will have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. Where the Company determines that the issuance of any Shares will violate U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities laws or other applicable laws, the Company will defer delivery until the earliest date at which the Company reasonably anticipates that the delivery of Shares will no longer cause such violation. The Company will make all reasonable efforts to meet the requirements of any law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority. 17. ADMINISTRATOR AUTHORITY. The Administrator will have the power to interpret the Plan and this Award Agreement and to adopt such rules for the administration, interpretation and application of the Plan as are consistent therewith and to interpret or revoke any such rules (including, but not limited to, the determination of whether or not any Shares have vested). All actions taken and all interpretations and determinations made by the Administrator in good faith will be final and binding upon Participant, the Company and all other interested persons. No member of the Administrator will be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made in good faith with respect to the Plan or this Award Agreement. 18. CAPTIONS. Captions provided herein are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Award Agreement. 19. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 20. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting of the Shares under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and the Participant with all Applicable Laws. 21. LANGUAGE. The Participant acknowledges that he or she is proficient in the English language, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow the Participant to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If the Participant has received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 22. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this Award or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award is made and/or to be performed. 23. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on the Participant’s participation in the Plan, on the Award and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require the Participant to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 24. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the Award, the Participant acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider 8 trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant further acknowledges that, depending on the Participant’s or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect the Participant’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., the Award) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as the Participant is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders the Participant placed before the Participant possessed inside information. Furthermore, the Participant could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and the Participant should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter. 25. WAIVER. The Participant acknowledges that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by the Participant or any other participant. 9 Exhibit 10.29 Notice of Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights and Award Agreement Grant Agreement: Participant Name: ###PARTICIPANT_NAME### Employee Number: ###EMPLOYEE_NUMBER### Total Stock Appreciation Rights: Total ###DICTIONARY_AWARD_NAME###: ###TOTAL_AWARDS### Plan: 2006 Equity Incentive Plan ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_VEST_SCHEDULE_TABLE### Form of Payment: [Shares / Cash Payment] SVB FINANCIAL GROUP ID: 94-2875288 3003 Tasman Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Grant Name: ###GRANT_NAME### Date of Grant: ###ISSUE_DATE### Expiry/Expiration Date: ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_EXPIRY_DATE### Grant Price: ###GRANT_PRICE### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_START### ###GRANT_PRICE_REM_END### ###EMPLOYEE_GRANT_NUMBER### Effective on the Date of Grant listed above, you (“you” or the “Participant”) have been granted an award of Stock Appreciation Rights (“SARs”) under the SVB Financial Group 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) at the Grant Price listed in the Grant Agreement above. The SARs will become fully vested on the dates shown in the Vesting Schedule, subject to you continuing to be a Service Provider through each such date (except as otherwise provided in this Award Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, then 100% of the SARs will fully vest. Further, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement (as defined herein), then the SARs may be eligible for continued vesting as described in Section 2 of this Award Agreement. The SAR and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the SAR will be subject to the terms and conditions of any malus or clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider. By your acceptance of the SARs and your and the Company’s signatures below, you and the Company agree that these SARs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Company’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan and this Global Stock Right Appreciation Award Agreement, including any country appendix, all of which are attached and made a part of this document. ###HR_SIGNATURE### SVB Financial Group Participant Name Date Date SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT AWARD AGREEMENT SVB Financial Group (the “Company”), has granted to you a Stock Appreciation Right (“SAR”) pursuant to its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”) and this Global Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement, including any country-specific terms and conditions for your country set forth in the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants (the “Appendix”) attached hereto as Appendix A (together with the Global Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement, the “Award Agreement”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Award Agreement shall have the same definitions as in the Plan or in the Notice of Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights (“Notice of Grant”), to which this Award Agreement is attached. The details of your SAR are as follows: 1. VALUE OF THE SAR. The SAR shall entitle you, upon exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part), to receive from the Company an amount payable in the form of Shares or cash, determined by the Company in its discretion, by multiplying: (a) the appreciated value of one Share, calculated as the Fair Market Value of one Share on the date of exercise minus the Grant Price as shown in the Notice of Grant; by (b) the number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. The Grant Price shall be no less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant of the SAR. 2. VESTING. Subject to the limitations and exceptions contained herein, the SAR will vest (become exercisable) as set forth in the Notice of Grant until either (i) you cease to be a Service Provider for any reason, or (ii) this SAR becomes fully vested. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your death or Disability, the SAR will fully vest. Further, and notwithstanding the foregoing, if your status as a Service Provider terminates as a result of your Retirement, and provided that upon such termination date you are a “Good Leaver” (as defined below) (such termination date, the “Retirement Date”) and provided further your Retirement Date is not within the six (6) month period following the Date of Grant, the then-unvested SARs will remain outstanding and will continue to vest on the vesting dates shown in the Vesting Schedule (and notwithstanding the fact that you are not a Service Provider on the applicable vesting date), subject to you remaining in “Good Standing” at all times on or following the Retirement Date and through the applicable vesting date shown in the Vesting Schedule. Following the Retirement Date, in order to vest in the SARs on an applicable vesting date, you must complete a Certification Notice no later than seven (7) business days prior to the applicable vesting date (the “Certification Notice Deadline”), certifying that you remain in Good Standing. The Certification Notice will be provided to you by the Company prior to the Certification Notice Deadline and must be completed and submitted in the form and manner determined by the Company. If the Certification Notice is not completed and submitted to the Company by the Certification Notice Deadline, or, if at any time following the Retirement Date you are not in Good Standing, the then-unvested SARs will terminate and you will have no further rights thereunder. Except as provided herein, for purposes of this SAR, your status as a Service Provider will be considered terminated as of the date 2 you are no longer actively providing services to the Company or one of its Affiliates (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any), and unless otherwise expressly provided in this Award Agreement or determined by the Company, (i) your right to vest in this SAR under the Plan, if any, will terminate as of such date; and (ii) the period (if any) during which you may exercise this SAR shall be measured by the date upon which your employment with your employer (the “Employer”) and any notice period has ended. For the avoidance of doubt, employment shall include any contractual notice period or period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the other terms of your employment agreement, if any. The Administrator shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer employed for purposes of the SAR. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Leaver” means that (i) you have provided the Company notice of your intent to terminate your status as a Service Provider no later than six (6) months prior to your Retirement Date, and (ii) you have provided satisfactory assistance to the Company to transition your duties as a Service Provider (as determined in the sole discretion of the Company). Any determination as to whether you are a Good Leaver will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Good Standing” means that at all times following the Retirement Date and through each applicable vesting date shown in the Vesting Schedule, you (i) have not acted in a manner that is harmful to the Company (including by disparaging any members of the Board or any members of the Company’s senior management team); (ii) did not engage in any act or omission prior to the Retirement Date that could have constituted grounds for the Company to terminate you as a Service Provider for “cause” under the terms of any agreement between the Company and you or any Company plan or policy (including any such act or omission that is discovered after your employment with the Company); (iii) have cooperated with any investigation, lawsuit, regulatory or similar matter related to the period of your employment with the Company or related to any matter that you could reasonably be expected to have knowledge; (iv) have not breached any agreement between you and the Company (including any agreement obligating you to maintain the confidentiality of any Company confidential information and/or trade secrets); (v) have not committed any felony or have not committed any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, in each case, whether or not related to the business of the Company, that could bring reputational harm to the Company; (vi) have not, directly or indirectly, solicited for employment or other services any employee of the Company (or any former employee who was employed by the Company during the twelve (12)-month period immediately preceding the Retirement Date); (vii) have not, directly or indirectly, solicited any client or customer of the Company to engage in a business that competes with the business of the Company or caused or attempted to cause any client or customer of the Company to diminish its business with the Company; (viii) have not engaged in any capacity in any business or other activity that competes with any business of the Company anywhere where the Company engages in such business; and (ix) have not brought any suit or other claim against the Company, whether or not related to your role as a Service Provider. Nothing herein is intended to limit your rights under applicable law to provide truthful information to any governmental entity or to file a charge with or participate in an investigation conducted by any governmental entity. Any determination as to whether you are in Good Standing will be made in the sole discretion of the Company. For purposes of this Award Agreement, “Retirement” means that you cease to be a Service Provider on or after reaching fifty-five (55) years of age and following a minimum of ten (10) years of continuous service as an Employee to the Company or its Affiliates. 3. FORM OF PAYMENT. The Company shall satisfy its obligation upon your exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part) in Shares or cash payment, at the Company’s discretion, based upon the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the SAR is 3 settled in Shares, no fractional Shares shall be distributed in settlement of the SAR, and any portion of the SAR which would be settled in a fractional Share shall be paid to the Participant in cash. 4. SECURITIES LAW COMPLIANCE. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Award Agreement, unless there is an available exemption from any registration, qualification or other legal requirement applicable to the Shares, the Company shall not be required to deliver any Shares issuable upon exercise of the SAR prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Shares under any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal securities or exchange control law or under rulings or regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or of any other governmental regulatory body, or prior to obtaining any approval or other clearance from any U.S. or non-U.S. local, state, or federal governmental agency, which registration, qualification or approval the Company shall, in its absolute discretion, deem necessary or advisable. You understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the Shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend the Plan and the Award Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of shares. 5. TERM. The term of this SAR commences on the Date of Grant and expires on the Expiration Date, unless this SAR expires sooner as set forth below or in the Plan. In no event may this SAR be exercised on or after the Expiration Date. This SAR shall terminate prior to the Expiration Date as follows: three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider unless one of the following circumstances exists: (a) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Disability. This SAR will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months following such termination. (b) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your death. This SAR will then expire on the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or twelve (12) months after your death. (c) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to your Retirement, and at all times on or following your Retirement Date you satisfy the “Good Leaver” and “Good Standing” requirements set forth in Section 2 above, including the completion and submission of the applicable Certification Notice by the Certification Notice Deadline. This SAR will then expire on the Expiration Date set forth above. For purposes of clarification, if at any time following your Retirement Date you do not complete and submit the applicable Certification Notice by the Certification Notice Deadline or you are not in Good Standing, then this SAR will then expire three (3) months following the applicable Certification Notice Deadline or following the first date you are not in Good Standing, as applicable. (d) Your termination as a Service Provider is due to Cause (as defined in the Plan). This SAR will then expire on the date of such termination. (e) If during any part of such three (3)-month period you may not exercise your SAR solely because of the conditions set forth in Section 4 above, then your SAR will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date set forth above or until this SAR shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider. 4 (f) If your exercise of the SAR within three (3) months after your termination as a Service Provider would result in liability under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, then your SAR will expire on the earlier of (i) the Expiration Date set forth above, or (ii) the tenth (10th) day after the last date upon which exercise would result in such liability. However, except as provided in this Award Agreement, this SAR may be exercised following your termination as a Service Provider only as to that number of Shares as to which it was exercisable on the date of termination under the provisions of Section 2 of this Award Agreement. 6. [RESERVED.] 7. EXERCISE. (a) This SAR is exercisable by (i) delivery of an exercise notice, in the form and manner determined by the Administrator, or (ii) following an electronic or other exercise procedure prescribed by the Administrator, which in either case shall state the election to exercise the SAR, the number of Shares in respect of which the SAR is being exercised, and such other representations and agreements as may be required by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Plan. You shall provide payment of any applicable Tax- Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) arising in connection with such exercise. This SAR shall be deemed to be exercised upon receipt by the Company of a fully executed exercise notice or completion of such exercise procedure, as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion, accompanied by any applicable Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein). (b) By exercising this SAR you agree that, as a precondition to the completion of any exercise, you must satisfy the Tax-Related Items in accordance with Section 10, herein. 8. TRANSFERABILITY. (a) This SAR is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. (b) The terms of this Award Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 5(b) relating to termination as a result of death) shall apply to your beneficiaries (provided such beneficiaries have been designated prior to your death in a form acceptable to the Administrator) and executors and administrators including the right to agree to any amendment of the applicable Award Agreement. (c) An SAR shall be exercised only by you (or your attorney in fact or guardian) or, in the case of your death, by your executor or administrator, and no cash will be paid or Shares issued by the Company unless the exercise of an SAR is accompanied by sufficient payment, as determined by the Company, to meet the Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 10, herein) on such exercise or by other arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator to provide such payment. 9. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. You acknowledge and agree to the following: • the Plan is discretionary in nature and the Administrator may amend, suspend, or terminate it at any time; 5 • • • • • • • • • • • the grant of this SAR is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of SARs, or benefits in lieu of the SARs even if SARs have been granted in the past; all determinations with respect to future SAR or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Administrator; your participation in the Plan is voluntary; this SAR and any cash payment or Shares acquired under the Plan and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments; the future value of the Shares is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty; the SAR and any Shares, cash, or other property acquired in connection with the exercise of the SAR will be subject to the terms and conditions of any clawback policy adopted by the Company and as may be in effect from time to time, which will survive your termination as a Service Provider; if the underlying Shares do not increase in value, this SAR will have no value; if you exercise this SAR and acquire Shares, the value of such Shares may increase or decrease in value, even below the SAR Price; neither the Plan nor the SAR shall be construed to create a right to employment or be interpreted as forming an employment or service contract with the Company, your Employer (the “Employer) or any Affiliate, and shall not interfere with the ability of the Company, the Employer or any Affiliate, as applicable, to terminate your status as a Service Provider (if any); no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of this SAR resulting from the termination of your status as a Service Provider (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are employed or the terms of your employment agreement, if any); unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, this SAR and the benefits evidenced by this Award Agreement do not create any entitlement to have this SAR or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares of the Company; • the following provisions apply only if you are providing services outside the United States: ▪ ▪ this SAR, cash payment and the Shares subject to this SAR, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation or salary for any purpose; and neither the Company, the Employer nor any Affiliate shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of this SAR or of any amounts due to you 6 pursuant to the exercise of this SAR or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon exercise. 10. WITHHOLDING OF TAXES. The Company or one of its Affiliates shall assess tax and social insurance liability and requirements in connection with your participation in the Plan, including, without limitation, income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment of account or other tax related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable to you (the “Tax- Related Items”). These requirements may change from time to time as laws or interpretations change. Regardless of the actions of the Company or if different, the Employer, you hereby acknowledge and agree that the Tax-Related Items liability is and remains your responsibility and liability. You acknowledge that the Company’s obligation to issue Shares or make payment in connection with the SAR shall be subject to satisfaction of the Tax-Related Items liability. By your acceptance of the SAR and in exercising the SAR, you authorize the Company, the Employer or any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on your behalf that number of whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to you as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the obligation for Tax Related Items unless you are not receiving Shares upon exercise or such method of exercise is not available to you under the terms of the Appendix or as otherwise determined by the Company. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, you further authorize the Company or the Employer to satisfy the Tax-Related Items withholding liability by deducting an amount from the cash payment, if any, made to you pursuant to the exercise or from your wages or other cash compensation to be paid to the you by the Company or the Employer. The Company and/or the Employer may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates in your jurisdiction(s), in which case you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash and will have no entitlement to the equivalent amount in Shares. Finally, you agree to pay the Company or the Employer any Tax-Related Items withholding liability that cannot be satisfied by one of the methods of exercise set forth in this Award Agreement and authorized under the Plan. 11. [RESERVED.] 12. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAWS. The vesting and exercise of the SAR under the Plan and the issuance, transfer, assignment, sale, or other dealings of the Shares shall be subject to compliance by the Company (or any Affiliate) and you with all Applicable Laws. 13. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the SAR awarded under the Plan or future SARs that may be awarded under the Plan by electronic means or request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. You hereby consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company. Electronic execution of this Award Agreement and/or other documents shall have the same binding effect as a written or hard copy signature and accordingly, shall bind you and the Company to all of the terms and conditions set forth in the Plan, this Award Agreement and/or such other documents. 14. NOTICES. Any notices provided for in this SAR or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the address specified below or at such other address as you hereafter designate by written notice to the Company. 15. GOVERNING PLAN DOCUMENT. This SAR is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto and its provisions are hereby made a part of this SAR, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this SAR and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control. 7 16. NO ADVICE REGARDING GRANT. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan, the cash payment or your acquisition or sale of the underlying Shares. You should consult with your own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding your participation in the Plan before taking any action related to the Plan. 17. AGREEMENT SEVERABLE. In the event that any provision in this Award Agreement will be held invalid or unenforceable, such provision will be severable from, and such invalidity or unenforceability will not be construed to have any effect on, the remaining provisions of this Award Agreement. 18. LANGUAGE. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language, or have consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow you to understand the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement. If you have received this Award Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control. 19. APPENDIX. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Award Agreement, if you reside outside the United States at any time during the life of this SAR, your participation in the Plan shall be subject to the Appendix for Non-U.S. Participants attached hereto as Appendix A. Moreover, if you relocate to one of the countries included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions will apply to you, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Award Agreement. 20. GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE. This Award Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. For purposes of litigating any dispute that arises under this SAR or this Award Agreement, the parties hereby submit to and consent to the jurisdiction of the State of California, and agree that such litigation shall be conducted in the courts of Santa Clara County, California, or the federal courts for the United States for the Northern District of California, and no other courts, where this Award Agreement is made and/or to be performed. 21. IMPOSITION OF OTHER REQUIREMENTS. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, this SAR and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing. 22. INSIDER TRADING/MARKET ABUSE RESTRICTIONS. By accepting the SARs, you acknowledge that you are bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You further acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., SARs) or rights linked to the value of Shares under the Plan during such times as you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. You 8 acknowledge that it is your responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and you should speak to your personal advisor on this matter. 23. FOREIGN ASSET/ACCOUNT, EXCHANGE CONTROL AND TAX REPORTING. Depending on your country, you may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect your ability acquire or hold SARs or Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside your country. The applicable laws of your country may require that you report such SARs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to your country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. You acknowledge that you are responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult your personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with applicable laws. 24. WAIVER. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of breach of any provision of this Award Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Award Agreement, or of any subsequent breach by you or any other participant. 9 SVB Financial Group Attn: Stock Administration 80 E Rio Salado Parkway Suite 600 Tempe, AZ 85281 Notice of Exercise I, _____________________ , elect to exercise the following SVB Financial Group Stock Appreciation Rights(s): Grant Number: Grant Date: Number of Shares to be Exercised: Exercise Price Per Share: Aggregate Grant Price: $ $ $ TYPE OF EXERCISE: ☐ CASH(1) ☐ CASHLESS (Sale of underlying shares of SAR to pay tax-related items liability) ☐ Sell shares ☐ Sell all shares listed above BROKER INFORMATION (if applicable): Firm: Contact Person: DTC # Phone: Account # Fax: ☐ I authorize my broker to pay to pay Silicon Valley Bank for the applicable taxes owed. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS FOR SARs SETTLED IN SHARES: ☐ Mail certificate to my home address. ☐ Deliver electronically to my Broker. I will (i) provide any additional documents you require pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement, (ii) pay any withholding taxes resulting from exercise of a SAR. SS#: Telephone: Date: Very truly yours, Signed Address (1) The Effective Date of cash exercises is the day cash is received by Stock Administration, unless otherwise notified by Stock Administration as a result of insider trading restrictions. If delivery is made by US Mail (or overnight courier) the Effective Date is the postmark date (or pick-up date). 10 APPENDIX A SVB FINANCIAL GROUP GLOBAL STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT AWARD AGREEMENT APPENDIX FOR NON-U.S. PARTICIPANTS Terms and Conditions This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern the SAR granted to you under the Plan if you are in one of the countries listed below. If you are a citizen or resident of a country (or are considered as such for local law purposes) other than the one in which you are currently residing and/or working or if you move to another country after receiving the SAR, the Company will, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the terms and conditions herein will be applicable to you. Certain capitalized terms used but not defined in this Appendix have the meanings set forth in the Plan and/or the Award Agreement. Notifications This Appendix may also include information regarding exchange controls and certain other issues of which you should be aware with respect to your participation in the Plan. The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other laws in effect in the respective countries as of April 2019. Such laws are often complex and change frequently. As a result, the Company strongly recommends that you not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of your participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time you exercise the SAR or sell any Shares acquired under the Plan. In addition, the information contained herein is general in nature and may not apply to your particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure you of a particular result. Accordingly, you are advised to seek appropriate professional advice as to how the relevant laws in your country may apply to your situation. Finally, if you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working, or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, or if you transfer employment and/or residency to another country after the SAR has been granted, the notifications contained herein may not be applicable in the same manner. DATA PRIVACY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PARTICIPANTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION/EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA AND THE UK To the extent that the Company collects, holds, uses or processes Personal Data (as defined below), it shall do so in accordance with its Privacy Notice for Employees. The following section shall be read so as to incorporate all relevant parts of the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees: Personal Data Subject to Processing. In addition to the types of personal data listed in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company collects, processes and uses the following types of personal data about the Participant in connection with this Award Agreement: details of any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company by the Participant, details of all SARs or any other entitlement to Shares awarded, canceled, settled, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favour, which the Company receives from the Participant or the Employer (“Personal Data”). Purposes and Legal Bases of Processing. The Company processes the Personal Data in accordance with the Company’s Privacy Notice for Employees. The Participant and the Company acknowledge that such Personal Data shall be controlled and processed by the Company for the purpose of performing its contractual A-1 obligations under this Award Agreement, granting SARs, implementing and administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan and that the Participant’s consent is not required for the collection, use or transfer of that Personal Data. Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. In addition to the third parties set out in the Privacy Notice for Employees, the Company transfers Personal Data to Solium Capital, LLC and its affiliated companies (collectively, “Solium”), an independent stock plan administrator with operations, relevant to the Company, in the United States, which assists the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Company’s stock plan administrator acts as an independent data controller and will open an account for the Participant to receive and trade Shares. The Participant will be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with the service provider, which is a condition of the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Participant may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Personal Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative. CANADA Terms and Conditions The following provisions apply if the Participant is a resident of Quebec: Language Consent. The parties acknowledge that it is their express wish that the Award Agreement, as well as all documents, notices and legal proceedings entered into, given or instituted pursuant hereto or relating directly or indirectly hereto, be drawn up in English. Les parties reconnaissent avoir exigé la rédaction en anglais de la convention, ainsi que de tous documents exécutés, avis donnés et procédures judiciaries intentées, directement ou indirectement, relativement à ou suite à la présente convention. Authorization to Release and Transfer Necessary Personal Information. You hereby authorize the Company and the Company’s representatives to discuss with and obtain all relevant information from all personnel, professional or not, involved in the administration and operation of the Plan. You further authorize the Company, any Affiliate and the plan administrators to disclose and discuss the Plan with their advisors and to record such information and to keep such information in your employee file. A-2 Notifications Securities Law Notification. You are permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares acquired under the Plan takes place outside of Canada through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq market in the United States. Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Information. Foreign specified property, including Shares and other rights to receive Shares (e.g., the SAR), must be reported annually on a Form T1135 (Foreign Income Verification Statement) if the total cost of the foreign specified property exceeds CAD100,000 at any time during the year. Thus, the SAR must be reported - generally at a nil cost - if the CAD100,000 cost threshold is exceeded because of other foreign specified property. When Shares are acquired, their cost generally is the adjusted cost base (“ACB”) of the Shares. The ACB would ordinarily equal the fair market value of the Shares at the time of acquisition, but if other Shares are also owned, this ACB may have to be averaged with the ACB of the other Shares. The Form T1135 generally must be filed by April 30 of the following year. You should consult with your personal advisor to ensure compliance with the applicable reporting requirements. CHINA Terms and Conditions Form of Payment. This provision applies only to Participants who are People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) nationals residing in the PRC, unless otherwise determined by the Company or required by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange or its local authorities (“SAFE”): The following provision replaces Section 3 of the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Award Agreement or the Plan, the Company shall satisfy its obligation upon your exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part) in a cash payment equal to the local currency equivalent of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise minus the Grant Price as shown in the Notice of Grant, multiplied by the number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. In no event will you be issued Shares upon your exercise of the SAR. Such amounts shall be paid to you in RMB. GERMANY Notifications Exchange Control Information. Cross-border payments in excess of €12,500 must be reported monthly to the German Federal Bank. No report is required for payments less than €12,500. In case of payments in connection with securities (including proceeds realized upon the sale of Shares), the report must be filed electronically by the 5th day of the month following the month in which the payment was received. The form of report (“Allgemeine A-3 Meldeportal Statistik”) can be accessed via the Bundesbank’s website (www.bundesbank.de) and is available in both German and English. You are responsible for satisfying the reporting obligation. INDIA Terms and Conditions Form of Payment. The following provision replaces Section 3 of the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Award Agreement or the Plan, the Company shall satisfy its obligation upon your exercise of the SAR (in whole or in part) in a cash payment equal to the local currency equivalent of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise minus the Grant Price as shown in the Notice of Grant, multiplied by the number of Shares with respect to which the SAR is exercised. In no event will you be issued Shares upon your exercise of the SAR. UNITED KINGDOM Terms and Conditions Withholding of Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 10 of the Award Agreement: Without limitation to Section 10 of the Award Agreement, you agree that you are liable for all Tax-Related Items and hereby covenant to pay all such Tax-Related Items, as and when requested by the Company or the Employer or by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority). You also agree to indemnify and keep indemnified the Company and the Employer against any Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to HMRC (or any other tax authority or any other relevant authority) on your behalf. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are a director or executive officer of the Company (within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act), the immediately foregoing provision will not apply; instead, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to you on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. You are responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Employer (as applicable) for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit, which may also be recovered from you by any of the means referred to in Section 10 of the Award Agreement. A-4 Exhibit 21.1-Subsidiaries of SVB Financial Group The following is a list of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of SVB Financial Group as of December 31, 2020: SVB Financial Group Annual Report on Form 10-K EXHIBIT 21.1 Subsidiary Gold Hill Venture Lending Partners 03, LLC Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP Gold Hill Venture Lending 03-A, LP Gold Hill Venture Lending 03-B, LP Gold Hill Venture Lending 03-C, LP GHVL 03-C, Inc. GHVL, LP Silicon Valley Bank SVB Asset Management SVB Securities SPD Silicon Valley Bank Co., Ltd. SVB Wealth Advisory, Inc. SVB International Finance, Inc. The Silicon Valley Bank Foundation SVBUK LTD SVB Financial Group UK Limited SVB Global Financial, Inc. SVB Israel Advisors, Ltd. SVB India Advisors, Pvt. Ltd. SVB Global Services India LLP SVB Business Partners (Beijing) Co. Ltd. SVB Leerink Holdings LLC Leerink Partners Co-Investment Fund, LLC SVB Leerink LLC Silicon Valley BancVentures, Inc. SVB Capital Partners II, LLC CP II, L.P. SVB Capital Partners III, LLC Capital Partners III, L.P. SVB Capital Partners IV, LLC Capital Partners IV, L.P. SVB Capital Partners V, LLC Cap. Partners V, L.P. Latin America Growth Lending, LLC Latin America Growth Lending, L.P. SVB Venture Capital Investment Management (Shanghai) Co. Limited Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund (LP) Shengwei Shengxiang Capital Hangzhou Venture Capital Fund (LP) Shanghai Shengyu Enterprise Management Ltd Co. Beijing Zhongguancun Science City New Growth Driver Investment Management Co., Ltd Beijing Zhongguancun Science City New Gorth Driver Investment Partnership (LP) Shanghai Sheng Wei Dong Fang Jia Rui Equity Investment Fund Partnership Qualified Investors Fund, LLC Qualified Investors Fund II, LLC Qualified Investors Fund III, LLC Qualified Investors Fund IV, LLC Qualified Investors Fund V, LLC Qualified Investors Fund VI, LLC SVB Growth Investors, LLC Capital Preferred Return Fund, L.P. Growth Partners, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors, LLC Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors II, LLC Strategic Investors Fund II, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors III, LLC Strategic Investors Fund III, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors IV, LLC Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware California California California China Delaware United States* California United Kingdom United Kingdom Delaware Israel India India China Delaware Massachusetts Delaware California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Canada China China China China China China China California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware California California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Subsidiary Strategic Investors Fund IV, L.P. Venture Investment Managers, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors V, LLC Strategic Investors Fund V, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund V-A, L.P Strategic Investors Fund V-A Opportunity, L.P Strategic Investors Fund V-B, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors VI, LLC Strategic Investors Fund VI, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund VI-A, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors VII, LLC Strategic Investors Fund VII, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund VII-A, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors VIII, LLC Strategic Investors Fund VIII, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund VIII-A, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund VIII-B, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund VIII Cayman, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund IX, LLC Strategic Investors Fund IX Cayman, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund IX-A Cayman, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund IX, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund IX-A, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund IX-B, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund IX Master, L.P. Sprout Endurance Partners, LLC Sprout Endurance Partners, L.P. Sprout Endurance Partners Cayman, L.P. SVB Capital Venture Overage, LLC Venture Overage Fund, L.P. SVB Strategic Investors X, LLC Strategic Investors Fund X Cayman, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund X, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund X Master, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund X Ontario, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund X-A Cayman, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund X-A, L.P. Strategic Investors Fund X-B, L.P. SVB Leerink Capital LLC SVB Leerink MEDACorp LLC SVB Leerink Advanced Healthcare Analytics LLC Leerink Transformation Fund I GP LLC LTP K Holdings L.P. Leerink Transformation Investors I L.P. Leerink Transformation Fund I (Cayman Feeder) L.P. Leerink Transformation Fund I GP L.P. Leerink Transformation Fund I L.P. Massachusetts Innovation Catalyst Fund I L.P. LTP BHE LP LTP Feeder BHE LP LTP BHE Corporation Leerink Kieger Capital Partners LLC Leerink Transformation Carry Vehicle L.P. Leerink Transformation Partners LLC Leerink Revelation Carry Vehicle LP SVB Innovation Credit Partners VIII, LLC SVB Innovation Credit Fund VIII, L.P. SVB Capital Master Servicer, LLC WRG Debt Holdings, LLC WRG Debt Funding I, LLC WRG Debt Funding II, LLC WRG Debt Funding III, LLC WRG Debt Funding IV, LLC WRG Debt Funding V, LLC * Edge Act Corporation Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Cayman Islands Delaware Cayman Islands Cayman Islands Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Cayman Islands Delaware Delaware Delaware Cayman Islands Delaware Delaware Canada Cayman Islands Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Cayman Islands Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm EXHIBIT 23.1 The Stockholders and Board of Directors SVB Financial Group: We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 333-234694, 333-213281, 333-213279, 333-198147, 333-192471, 333-188707, 333-183323, 333-176232, 333-168836, 333-134655, 333-133262, 333-118091, 333-108434, 333-92410, 333-59590, 333-39680, 333-89641, 333-68857, 333- 28185, 333-05489, 033-60467) on Form S-8; registration statement (No. 333-234713) on Form S-3; and registration statement (No. 333-253002) on Form S-4 of SVB Financial Group and subsidiaries (the Company) of our report dated March 1, 2021, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of SVB Financial Group and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, which report appears in the December 31, 2020 annual report on Form 10‑K of the Company. Our report refers to a change to the method of accounting for the recognition and measurement of credit losses as of January 1, 2020 due to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (ASC Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (CECL). /s/ KPMG LLP San Francisco, California March 1, 2021 EXHIBIT 31.1 RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CERTIFICATION I, Greg Becker, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of SVB Financial Group; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the periods covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 1, 2021 /s/ GREG BECKER Greg Becker President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) EXHIBIT 31.2 RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CERTIFICATION I, Daniel Beck, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of SVB Financial Group; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the periods covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.. Date: March 1, 2021 /s/ DANIEL BECK Daniel Beck Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATIONS I, Greg Becker, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that, to my knowledge, the annual report of SVB Financial Group on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, (i) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) that the information contained in such Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of SVB Financial Group. EXHIBIT 32.1 Date: March 1, 2021 /s/ GREG BECKER Greg Becker President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) I, Daniel Beck, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that, to my knowledge, the annual report of SVB Financial Group on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, (i) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) that the information contained in such Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of SVB Financial Group. Date: March 1, 2021 /s/ DANIEL BECK Daniel Beck Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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