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CTO Realty Growth, Inc.

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FY2021 Annual Report · CTO Realty Growth, Inc.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements

2021

T
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CILITIE

N TIA L & H O TELS          FA

ENGINEERING SERVICES          TECHNO L O G I E S  

E

E SI D

E            R

R

U

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C

R U

T

I N F R A S

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Who we are
TClarke remains at the forefront of the Building Services industry. Our innovation 
and expertise are employed in the design, installation, integration and maintenance 
of the mechanical and electrical systems and technologies that a 21st century  
building needs for control, performance and sustainability. 

We currently operate from twenty locations serving the whole of the UK. We are a 
proud employer of local people in the towns and cities that we serve.  

Our reputation for high quality and the successful application of new technologies 
has been built over 130 years operating in five market sectors:

Engineering Services
Leading in mechanical, electrical and  
technology infrastructures, offsite manufacture 
(DfMA) and digital systems integration.  
Incorporating Modern Methods of Construction 
(MMC) that deploy prefabrication,  
pre-assembly and design standardisation.

Technologies
We design and deliver the critical  
mechanical and electrical infrastructure for  
data centres.  We are a leader in smart  
buildings technologies.

Infrastructure
We focus on healthcare, education, defence 
and growth areas of public sector infrastructure 
where high-level skills are most valued.

Residential & Hotels
This sector is a comparable size to  
Infrastructure and covers all types of  
residential accommodation including luxury 
hotels, affordable homes, student  
accommodation and private residential.

Facilities Management
We operate in the higher value and specialist 
areas of FM, with clients like Canary Wharf  
Contractors, BAE Systems, CBRE and UK and 
USA Airforce Bases.

EUROCENTRAL

DUMFRIES

ABERDEEN

UK NORTH

NEWCASTLE

LEEDS

MANCHESTER

LIVERPOOL

DERBY

UK SOUTH

BIRMINGHAM

PETERBOROUGH

NEWPORT

OXFORD

STANSTED

COLCHESTER

HUNTINGDON

LONDON

SITTINGBOURNE

PORTISHEAD

ST. AUSTELL

PLYMOUTH

LONDON

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Contents

Strategic Report
Chairman’s Statement 

Chief Executive’s Report 

Market Sectors 

Our Strategy 

Group Financial Review 

Business Model 

Section 172 Statement 

Environmental, Social and Governance Report 

Principal Risks 

Long-term Viability Statement 

Governance
Board of Directors 

Corporate Governance Report 

Statement of Compliance 

Audit Committee Report 

Nomination Committee Report 

Remuneration Committee Report 

Directors’ Remuneration Policy 

Annual Report on Remuneration 

Directors‘ Report 

Statement of Directors‘ Responsibilities 

Independent Auditors‘ Report 

Financial Statements
Consolidated Financial Statements 

Company Financial Statements  

Shareholder Information 

01

02

06

08

09

12

14

16

26

30

31

32

33

37

40

41

42

49

57

60

61

68

105

109

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Strategic Report

01

I look forward to 2022 and beyond, confident in our ability to 
deliver our growth strategy. We have the capacity, a healthy 
order book and many opportunities. The TClarke brand is 
very strong, built upon our reputation for high quality  
engineering, reliability, and delivery on time. This is made 
possible through the collective efforts of all our people. It is 
their outstanding effort that has allowed us to be so  
optimistic for the future and I want to thank them all for their 
hard work and dedication.

Iain McCusker
Chairman
8th March 2022

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

2021 in Numbers

2021 underlying and reported numbers are the same 
as there are no non-underlying items.

Group Revenue

£327.1m

2020: £231.9m

Underlying  
Operating Margin 

2.7%

2020: 2.6%

Underlying  
Operating Profit  

 £8.8m

2020: £6.0m

Profit 
Before Tax 

£7. 8 m

2020: £1.2m

Underlying Earnings  
Per Share

14.99p

2020: 10.29p

Earnings  
Per Share

14.99p

2020: 2.87p

Dividend

Forward Order Book 

Net Cash

4.85p

2020: 4.4p

£534.2m

2020: £456m

£5.3m

2020: £10.2m

For further information and for a definition of underlying, forward order book and dividend, see page 09 of the Group Financial Review.  
See page 101 for definition and calculation of net cash.

Chairman’s Statement

TClarke has continued to grow and deliver outstanding  
performance and results in 2021. Our revenue of £327m 
has exceeded the target of £300m that we set at the start of 
2021. Our operating profit is £8.8m; over £6.5m of which was 
delivered in the last 6 months of the year at a margin of 3.3% 
as our revenues accelerated.

The success of our strategies and deliveries, the quality of our 
products, services and methods, and the strength and depth 
of our client relationships have enabled significant progress 
to be made in the achievement of our medium term revenue 
target of £500m.

While we continue to grow and deliver in our core  
Engineering Services markets, we are also delivering  
significant growth and performance in our strategic growth 
sectors, particularly Technology, in which we have developed 
capabilities, leadership and new client relationships. These 
are making a significant and growing contribution to our 
revenue growth and target. This growth and performance is 
supported by strong financial, management and delivery  
disciplines which are constantly and consistently applied 
across the Group. The forward order book stands at a record 
level of £534m, an increase of 17% on the year, of which 
£379m represents committed revenue for 2022. The  
proportion of the order book represented by Technology has 
risen to 25% from 10% in 2020.

We know that our shareholders and investors value our  
progressive dividend stream. We continue to be fully  
committed to a progressive dividend policy while at the same 
time balancing the needs and interests of all stakeholders.  
We are proposing a 2021 final dividend of 4.1p per share, 
which together with the interim dividend paid in October 
2021 brings the full 2021 dividend to 4.85p per share – an 
increase of 10%.

TClarke is committed to becoming a more sustainable  
business, delivering improved environmental and  
sustainability targets and performance. It is TClarke’s  
ambition to be a Business Champion with Build UK  
demonstrating our commitment to the Construction  
Leadership Council’s zero carbon change programme  
CO2nstruct Zero. The Environmental, Social and Corporate  
Governance section of the report sets out to explain in  
detail our approach.

Our growth and success is delivered through the skills,  
experiences, focus and commitment of our people,  
subcontractors and suppliers in all areas of the business.  
We continue to invest heavily in our resources to ensure  
we have the capacity to deliver our growth ambitions.  
We are strongly committed to developing and adding to 
the skills and experience of our people through our national 
apprenticeship schemes and our personal and management 
development frameworks, and to be the employer of choice 
in our markets. For example, we currently have 195  
apprentices representing 16% of our people whilst the  
industry norm is just 5%. This is a significant investment made 
with the long term belief in TClarke.

02

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Chief Executive’s Report

Ready to Deliver
TClarke is a trusted engineering partner to blue chip clients 
and principal contractors. Within this report I set out our 
strategic plans and achievements for the past year but more 
importantly describe with confidence how the business is 
achieving its goals.

•  Securing data centres particularly in the UK, with typical  
  project values of £25m - £50m with the European data  
  centre market remaining an aspiration.
•  Securing healthcare projects across the UK with typical  
  project values ranging from £200k to £20m+.
•  Developing innovative smart building solutions which  
  bring recurring revenue streams.  

Last year we committed to a strategy of moving TClarke to 
the next level and we described very clearly and concisely 
our ambitions, whilst adapting quickly and decisively to the 
continually changing circumstances that the country faced.

TClarke aims to be a £500m revenue business with  
sustainable margins of 3% supporting a progressive dividend 
policy. Our business is underpinned by strict financial and 
operational controls and strong governance. Our growth 
ambitions are supported and financed without the need for 
often risky and distracting acquisitions.  

New Revenue Streams 
Within our business model we target five market sectors  
(the breakdown of which can be found on pages 6 and 7).  
Our established annual revenues for the business are around 
£330m and our strategy to reach revenues of £500m is based 
upon these five established sectors and the new revenue 
streams described below which should easily generate an 
additional £170m of annual revenues. 

•  Securing larger projects outside of London with typical  
  project values of £5m – £10m and £10m+.

I am confident that our £500m revenue target can be 
achieved by organic growth whilst remaining true to the 
established engineering strengths of the business.

This strategy is evidenced by the continuous growth of our 
forward order book; our order book stood at a record £534m 
as at 31st December 2021 (£456m 31st December 2020). The 
order book growth has been achieved whilst continuing to 
follow our selective tendering approach. 

Investing in the Best People 
Differentiated by the quality of our people and their  
relentless drive to deliver the most successful projects, the 
ability to grow our business and meet our ambitions could 
not be achieved without the dedication of our great teams. 
Our careful attention to resource planning will ensure we 
always match our capacity to our available teams. 

Being one of the few industry trainers of apprentices across 
the UK leads to a wealth of future talent, designed to deliver 
both engineering operatives and future leaders in volume 
and quality to meet our needs. The ability to deliver projects 
primarily with a trusted reliable workforce ensures that our 

reputation for quality and delivery on time is more secure 
compared to that of our competitors whose models are  
dependent upon the use of sub-contractors.

Scale and Resource Across the UK 
TClarke is very well established in its London heartland and 
2021 has seen significant progress in ensuring that we can 
offer our clients the same scale and breadth of services 
across the UK. During 2021 we expanded our capacity in our 
Engineering Services Divisions in Falkirk, Peterborough and 
Newcastle; the increased opportunities are now translating 
into additional revenues for these locations.

Our teams in Manchester and Peterborough have been 
successful in securing four projects valued in excess of £25m 
for an international financial institution at several locations 
including two solar farm projects covering 1,800 m2 and our 
new Oxford office celebrated its successful opening by  
securing a project at the prestigious Oxford Saïd  
Business School.

We continue to invest in our own purpose-built facility at 
Stansted, that supports Modern Methods of Construction 
(MMC). The use of offsite prefabrication benefits our clients 
and can bring programme certainty and factory standard 
quality, and by utilising less on-site resources gives us more 
capacity to deliver additional revenues as a part of our  
strategy to achieve £500m revenue.

Strategic Report

03

partners. Today from our three operating divisions that serve 
20 UK locations, we offer the full range of Engineering  
Services, alongside all the complementary technology and 
smart building solutions, backed up by technical expertise.

TClarke is proud to be based in the communities it serves 
and wants to ensure that we offer our teams the best  
environments to collaborate, share knowledge and build 
exciting careers. In October our team in Manchester moved 
to larger premises in Salford Quays, in early 2022 our teams 
in Falkirk will be moving to new offices in Eurocentral,  
Scotland and our London Head Office will relocate to  
30 St Mary Axe whereby our teams will operate from a single 
productive floor space.

Exponential Growth in Data Centre Opportunities 
The growth in the demand for data centres has been  
fuelled by the needs of cloud storage, more devices being  
connected to the internet (IoT), gaming, streaming services, 
e-commerce, the arrival of 5G and the working from  
home revolution. 

Previously our regional teams would have focused on the 
smaller to medium sized projects, often teaming up with local 

The UK data centre market is the largest in Western Europe. 
Brexit and the switch to new UK specific data protection  

Established Business 
Strength

Target Growth

£500m Revenue Roadmap

£330m

£170m

£500m

£330m is the normalised annual turnover revenue for our core markets
and is not a forecast for turnover in 2022

• Engineering Services • Technologies 
• Infrastructure • Residential and Hotels
• Facilities Management

• Data Centres • Healthcare  
• Smart Buildings • Large Projects Outside London

04

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

05

Chief Executive’s Report continued

legislation has led many organisations to open or expand 
data centre facilities. Several large-scale developers have 
entered the data centre market in the last 12 months. Arizton 
Advisory and Intelligence predict the UK data centre market 
size to reach £6bn by 2026.

At the end of 2021 TClarke were active on 5 data centre  
projects with a collective value of £150m with further  
opportunities of additional phases. Depending on the pace 
of our clients’ expansion plans this value could grow by  
negotiation by an additional £75m. Through 2022 we are 
aware of and tracking bidding opportunities of circa £900m 
and a further pipeline of project opportunities that will build 
out well into 2026.

The strength of the TClarke balance sheet and the depth of 
our engineering resources means we expect to see strong 
growth within our revenues in the technologies sector. This 
could represent at least 30% of our expanded annual  
revenues in 2022 and beyond.

Healthcare, Healthcare, Healthcare 
The 2021 UK Government Spending Review confirmed a 
total of £100bn of investment in economic infrastructure up 
to 2024-25. The Chancellor of the Exchequer announced 
that this includes a £5.9bn capital investment in the National 
Health Service (NHS) in addition to the £12bn per year that 
was promised in September 2021. The NHS has launched a 
six year National Framework Agreement for the provision of 
Smart Building Solutions, TClarke has successfully secured a 
place on this framework agreement. 

Secured orders in healthcare schemes now stand at £42m.  
In addition, we have preferred bidder status for a further £63m 
of projects. Whilst it takes longer to convert a tender to a  
secured order in this sector there are tremendous  
opportunities both as a participant in one of the seven  
frameworks we are on, but also from standalone capital projects.

Example of secured projects within the Group include:

•  Modernising Medicine - Kings College Hospital NHS  
  Foundation Trust
•  Emergency Department Refurbishment - Royal Devon  
  and Exeter Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
•  New MRI and Oncology Unit – Royal Cornwall  
  Hospitals Trust
•  Infrastructure Upgrade – University Hospitals Bristol and  
  Weston NHS Foundation Trust
•  Emergency Department Refurbishment - Luton and  
  Dunstable University Hospital 

A Smart New World 
Our clients are setting ambitious decarbonisation plans.  
Smart Buildings - new or retrofits - will be integral to UK  
plans to reduce its carbon footprint and control energy  
consumption. The global smart building market is projected 
to triple in the next decade. The increasing costs of energy 
and legislation related to the environment in areas such as 
carbon emission and pollution are all driving building owners  
towards smart building solutions.

Our technologies business recently secured the Smart  
Buildings contract for the European Bank of  
Redevelopment at One Bank Street, including the role of 
Master Systems Integrator. 

Taking part in the smart buildings revolution involves the 
design and installation of the building’s mechanical, electrical, 
security and safety systems – all existing TClarke strengths.  
As we move forward each project opportunity that we bid 
has the ability to lead to a Smart Building Opportunity for our 
Technologies Division. Furthermore, by utilising our shared 
workforce and project teams, the more of our services from 
our Mechanical, Electrical and Technologies teams that are 
selected, the more compelling the value engineering  
solutions we can offer to our clients.

The Specialist Contractor of Choice  
Risks and rewards are highest for larger, more complex  
projects such as commercial offices, luxury hotel and  
leisure complexes, hospitals and major education or research 
facilities. This drives clients and principal contractors  
towards engineering services providers such as TClarke which 
have the necessary skills governance and financial strength 
required to mitigate those risks.

In London the excellent performance of our engineering  
services teams has not only completed significant schemes 
such as Project Green and 1 Newman Street, but has also 
been rewarded with landmark wins such as the Apple fit out 
at Battersea Power Station, Plot A2 at Canada Water and  
Building S4 at the International Quarter London, our 4th  
successive project win at this development in Stratford. 

TClarke has experienced a mini boom in luxury and high-end 
hotels. We successfully completed the Pan Pacific Hotel, and 
the Hilton City Canopy Hotel in London and work continues 
on the Peninsular Hotel at Hyde Park Corner. This is another 
major market sector where the quality of our work and  

collaborative approach is highly valued and has led to 
TClarke becoming the preferred contractor on significant 
hotel schemes in London’s West End.

Our UK North and UK South teams both won significant 
major residential projects as part of our targeted tendering 
approach. Building our order book with these quality  
residential projects and quality relationships is key to  
sustainable long-term growth and repeat business. The  
trend towards more complex, high value residential  
developments featuring a range of luxury facilities has  
substantially increased the complexity and value of package 
of works in those projects. 

Our Infrastructure teams remain focused on the major areas 
of public sector infrastructure where complexity and new 
technologies play to our skill and quality advantages. During 
the year we enjoyed ongoing success in education, delivering 
63 education projects and adding 36 new education projects 
in the forward order book.

Educational projects that were completed last year include:

•  Foxgrove School, Leatherhead
•  Nanksar Primary School, Hillingdon
•  Pinner High School, Harrow
•  Tring School, Hertfordshire
•  Turing House, Richmond 
•  Uckfield College, East Sussex

In summer 2021, a further 50 new schools were announced 
within the second round of the UK government’s School  
Rebuilding Programme which is due to deliver 500  
rebuilding projects over the next decade we are confident 
that this sector will continue to be a good revenue stream.

Summary and Outlook 
Our people share our vision for the future of TClarke. We are 
a business with people on the ground delivering our projects. 
Their innovation, commitment and dedication is something 
that this business is rightly proud of.

Our order book will translate to record revenues; TClarke can 
offer our clients the widest possible solutions from a single 
contractor, utilising our resources so that they are assured 
we have the ability to deliver.  That’s why we believe TClarke 
remains the contractor of choice for so many and we remain 
focused on maintaining our market leading position. 

We start 2022 in excellent shape and well placed to deliver  
a strong future performance.

Mark Lawrence
Group Chief Executive Officer
8th March 2022

06

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

07

On our Journey to £500m Turnover 
Our five market sectors can support a step change  
in scale for TClarke and 2021’s wins have set us in  
a strong position.

Engineering  
Services

Technologies

Infrastructure

Residential  
& Hotels

Facilities  
Management

£174m

Forward order book  
2020: £175m

£13 5m

Forward order book  
2020: £47m

£104m

Forward order book  
2020: £100m

£103m

Forward order book  
2020: £115m

£18m

Forward order book  
2020: £19m

£116 m

2021 Revenue – 2020 £81m

£50m

2021 Revenue – 2020 £32m

£79m

2021 Revenue – 2020 £59m

£56m

2021 Revenue – 2020 £42m

£26m

2021 Revenue – 2020 £18m

No. of 2021  Projects in 
Order Book
Projects 

No. of 2021  Projects in 
Order Book
Projects 

No. of 2021  Projects in 
Order Book
Projects 

No. of 2021  Projects in 
Order Book
Projects 

No. of 2021  Projects in 
Order Book
Projects 

Commercial 
Offices 

Leisure 

Retail 

Other 

  36 

  15 

  22 

  18 

  31

  13

  18

  9

Totals 

  91 

    71

Manufacturing    
and Prefabrication  6 

Data Centres 

Smart 
Buildings 

Other 

Totals 

6 

20 

4 

  7

  7

  19

  5

Defence 

Education 

Healthcare 

Prisons 

Other 
Government 

8 

63 

56 

4 

16 

36 

    38

Totals 

  147 

10

36

36

3

8

93

Hotels 

New Build 

Refurbishment   

5 

102 

6 

4

76

5

Long Term 
Frameworks 

Planned and 
Reactive
Maintenance 

  1,614 

  1,128

  16,820 

  11,752

Totals 

  113 

85

Totals 

  18,434 

  12,880

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
08

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

09

Our Strategy

A Strategy to Deliver Profitable Growth

Our medium term strategy focuses on delivering organic  
growth generating £500m annual revenuesby leveraging our 
attractive market positions to deliver a well balanced range of 
engineering service to our customers along with a sustainable 
profit and cashflow generation.

2021 Volumes to  
Exceed £300m by:

Sustain a 3% Operating  
Margin by:

•  Focusing on our 5 core markets
•  Expanding our data centre business

•  Successful targeted tendering
•  Operational efficiency and economies of scale

2021 Achievement
•  Turnover £327m
•  Data centre turnover £40m

2021 Achievement
•  First half 1.7%
  •  Second half 3.3%

£500m

Annual
Revenue

Expand Growth  
Organically by:

•  Data centre business
•  Large projects across UK 
•  Healthcare offering 
•  Energy efficient smart building solutions 

2021 Achievement
• Orderbook record £534m
• Technology orders £135m up from  
  £47m in 2020
•  Major project wins across UK 
•  Place won on NHS Smart Building Framework  
•  Building two large solar farms

Maintain our  

Premium Position in 

our Core Markets by:

•  Focusing on our 5 core markets
•  Building long term relationships
•  Remaining contractor of choice for major  
  London projects

2021 Achievement
•  Orderbook replenished and increased
•  Technology business expanded
•  90% of turnover from  

repeat clients 

Group Financial Review

The Group has delivered a very strong set of results for the 
year, with revenue returned to 2019 levels and a record run 
rate in quarter 4 of £100m revenue providing confidence  
for our prospects for 2022 and beyond. We end 2021 with  
a record order book of £534m (2020: £456m), with £379m  
of this due for delivery in 2022 alone (2020: £257m due for  
delivery in 2021). The rate of growth is particularly strong 
within the Technologies sector where we are currently 
working on five large data centre schemes totalling £150m. 
Technologies are forecast to represent a third of the Group’s 
turnover for 2022, up from c.15% at present. We reported  
at the outset that revenue and profit for 2021 would be  
slanted towards the last six months of the year and this has 
proved to be the case, with revenue and profit both  
accelerating rapidly during the period. The operating  
margin of 3.3% for the second half of the year restores  
profit margin. Our growth has not been driven by  
acquisitions and this will remain our policy going forward.

Performance
Underlying operating profit was £8.8m (2020: £6.0m) on  
revenue of £327.1m (2020: £231.9m). There have been no 
non-underlying items in 2021 (2020: £3.9m) and therefore 
underlying and reported numbers are the same for 2021. 
Earnings per share were 14.99p for the year (2020: 2.87p) on 
an operating margin of 2.7%  (2020: 2.6%). TClarke remains 
financially secure, ending the year with net cash of £5.3m 
with £25m of bank facilities at its disposal.

Finance costs were £1.0m (2020: £0.9m), comprising: a  
£0.2m increase in bank interest and facility fees to £0.5m 
(2020: £0.3m); the Group’s defined benefit pension scheme 
interest charge of £0.4m (2020: £0.5m); and an interest 
charge of £0.1m arising from IFRS 16 (2020: £0.1m). 

The tax charge for the year was £1.5m (2020: nil),  
reflecting a more representative effective rate of tax for  
the Group, with the 2020 charge having been heavily  
impacted by prior year tax adjustments. TClarke maintains  
an open and collaborative working relationship in all  
interactions with HMRC.

The Group paid its 2020 final dividend in full in May 2021  
and has maintained its interim dividend. The Board is  
proposing a final dividend of 4.1p (2020: 3.65p) which if 
approved at the AGM will be recorded and paid on 20 May 
2022. Total proposed dividend therefore rises to 4.85p  
(2020: 4.4p), an increase of 10%. The dividend is covered 3 
times by underlying earnings. TClarke recognises that many 
of its shareholders invest for dividends.

Summary of Financial Performance

Revenue 

Operating profit
– Underlying1 
– Reported 

Profit before tax
– Underlying1 
– Reported 

Profit after tax
– Underlying1 
– Reported 

Profit for the year 

Earnings per share - basic
– Underlying2 
– Reported 
Dividend per share3 

2021 
£m 

327.1 

2020
£m

231.9

8.8 
8.8 

7.8 
7.8 

6.3 
6.3 

6.3 

6.0
2.1

5.1
1.2

4.3
1.2

1.2

14.99p  10.29p
2.87p
14.99p 

4.85p 

4.4p

1.  Underlying operating profit, profit before tax and operating margin are   
    stated before amortisation of intangible assets and restructuring costs.
2.  Underlying earnings per share is calculated by dividing underlying profit 
    after tax by the weighted average number of shares in issue.  
3. Dividend per share represents the interim and final dividend proposed or 
    paid for the year in question.

Forward Order Book

Market sector 

Infrastructure 
Residential & Hotels 
Technologies 
Engineering Services 
Facilities Management 

Total 

2021 
£m 

104.6 
102.7 
134.8 
174.0 
18.1 

534.2 

2020 
£m 

%
change

99.9 
115.1 
46.8 
175.2 
19.0 

456.0 

5%
(11%)
188%
(1%)
(5%)

17%

Forward Order Book comprises jobs which are secured through contracts  
or letters of intent.

Progressive Dividend Policy
2017 - 2021

4.85

4.4

4.4

4

3.5

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Group Financial Review continued

2021 Operating Profit  
by Region

2021 Revenue  
by Region

2021 Operating Margin  
by Region

  London 
  UK South 
  UK North 
  Group Costs 

Total 

£m
6.2
2.6
3.0
(3.0)

8.8

  London 
  UK South 
  UK North 

Total 

£m
189.4
67.1
70.6

327.1

4.5%

4.0%

3.5%

3.0%

2.5%

2.0%

1.5%

1.0%

0.5%

0.0%

4.2%

3.9%

3.3%

London UK South UK North

London 
Revenue from our London operations rose to £189.4m  
(2020: £134.6m), generating an underlying operating profit 
of £6.2m (2020: £4.9m). Underlying operating margin was 
3.3% (2020: 3.6%). The growth in revenue has been primarily 
driven by the success of our data centre offering where in  
addition to our current five live projects the tendering  
pipeline identifies many further opportunities. Our core  
Engineering Services have also continued to deliver strongly, 
with work on a number of high-profile shell and core  
commercial and hotel developments, with many of which 
offering future fit-out opportunities.

UK South  
Revenue from UK South rose to £67.1m (2020: £55.1m), with 
the region delivering an underlying operating profit of £2.6m 
(2020: £2.7m) and giving rise to an underlying operating 
margin of 3.9% (2020: 4.9%). The region has developed a 
high-quality customer base providing a significant quantity of 
repeat business and is particularly strong in infrastructure with 
many projects being undertaken in defence, education and 
healthcare.

UK North
Revenue rose to £70.6m (2020: £42.2m) with the region  
delivering an underlying operating profit of £3.0m (2020: 
£0.7m) and giving rise to an underlying operating margin of 
4.2% (2020: 1.7%). This strong performance has been driven 
by the completion of our first major engineering services 
project in Liverpool, our continued success in winning and 
delivering a number of educational projects through our 
Leeds office and Scotland’s residential work. In addition our 
Manchester office has recently started work on a significant 
engineering services project for a major financial institution. 

increase being in respect of Technologies (up 188%), driven 
by the success of our data centre business.  

Cash Flow and Funding
Cash balances totalled £20.3m at 31 December 2021  
(2020: £25.2m). The £15m RCF was drawn down at both  
31 December 2021 and 2020, resulting in net cash of £5.3m 
at the 2021 balance sheet date (2020: £10.2m). The  
movement in cash can be largely attributed to VAT following 
the introduction of the Construction Industry reverse charge 
VAT regime on 1 March 2021 and repayment of deferred 
amounts. The Group has also self-funded the increase in  
turnover, with working capital increasing by £6.5m over  
the year.  

The Group has a £15.0m revolving credit facility, which is 
committed until 31st August 2024, and a £10.0m overdraft 
facility which is repayable on demand. Interest on overdrawn 
balances is charged at 2.0% above base rate, and interest 
on balances drawn down under the revolving credit facility is 
charged at a margin above SONIA, fixed for the duration of 
each drawdown. The Group was compliant with the terms of 
the facilities throughout the year ended 31st December 2021 
and the Board’s detailed projections demonstrate that the 
Group will continue to meet its obligations in the future. 

The Board’s projections show that TClarke is expected to 
maintain a healthy cash position throughout the next  
three-year period, and we do not anticipate seeking any 
additional facilities during this time.

The Group also has in place £50.1m of bonding facilities 
(2020: £40.1m), of which £24.3m were unutilised at 31st  
December 2021 (2020: £27.0m).

Forward Order Book
The closing Forward Order Book of £534m represents  
a 17% increase compared to last year’s, with the largest  

Net Assets and Capital Structure
The Group is funded by equity capital, retained reserves and 
bank facilities, and there are no plans to change this structure 

Strategic Report

11

Group’s main exposure to credit risk, which is the risk  
that a counterparty will fail to discharge its obligations,  
resulting in financial loss to the Group. The Group may also 
be exposed to financial and reputational risk through the 
failure of a subcontractor or supplier. 

The financial strength of counterparties is considered prior  
to signing contracts and reviewed as contracts progress 
where there are indications that a counterparty may be 
experiencing financial difficulty. Procedures include the use 
of credit agencies to check the creditworthiness of existing 
and new clients and the use of approved suppliers’ lists and 
Group-wide framework agreements with key suppliers.

We have performed a thorough analysis of our supply  
chain during the year to ensure we comply with the  
Government’s new IR35 off payroll working requirements,  
a process which will continue in the future.

Accounting Policies
The Group’s consolidated financial statements are prepared 
in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act  
2006 and in accordance with UK-adopted international  
standards. There have been no new accounting policies 
adopted in the year.

Trevor Mitchell
Group Finance Director
8th March 2022

or to raise new capital. Shareholders’ equity is £26.5m  
(2020: £15.7m).

Goodwill stood at £25.3m at the year-end (2020: £25.3m). 
The Board has undertaken an impairment review in respect  
of goodwill and has concluded that no impairment  
is necessary.

Defined Benefit Pension Scheme Obligations
The most-recent formal actuarial valuation of the Group’s 
defined benefit pension scheme at 31st December 2018 
showed a deficit of £24.9m, representing a funding level 
of 59%. Following the valuation the Group committed to a 
deficit reduction plan to eliminate the deficit over a 12 year 
period, and throughout 2021 it continued to make  
additional contributions at the agreed rate of £1.5m per 
annum. The Group also continues to provide security to the 
pension scheme in the form of a charge over property assets 
up to a combined market value of £3.1m. A new formal  
funding valuation is being carried out as at 31 December 
2021 and the results will be reported in next year’s Annual 
Report & Financial Statements. 

The methodology underlying the formal valuation differs from 
that used for the annual IAS 19 valuation included in these 
financial statements, particularly in respect of the calculation 
of financial assumptions. When calculated in accordance with 
IAS 19 the deficit stood at £23.9m at 31st December 2021, 
representing a reduction of £6.3m over the year, recognised 
primarily through the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 
The reduction was predominantly driven by an increase in the 
discount rate applied.

Financial Risk Management
The Group’s main financial assets are contract and other trade 
receivables, and bank balances. These assets represent the 

Cash Performance (£m)

(1.3)

(2.8)

10.2

8.8

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

(6.5)

(1.9)

(1.5)

5.3

(0.9)

1.2

1 Jan 2021
Net cash

Operating 
profit

Impact of reverse  
charge VAT regime

Repayment of  
deferred VAT

Working capital  
movements

Dividends

Pension deficit
reduction

Purchase of
shares by ESOT

Other

31 Dec 2021
Net cash

 
 
 
 
12

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Business Model

Our strategic advantages give us market leadership. 
Our service mix allows us to deliver value at each 
stage of the project. Our delivery is underpinned by 
our core values, known as The TClarke Way.

   Our strategic advantages

What we do

Our People 
•  We directly employ professional engineering    
  staff and operatives and run industry leading  
  apprenticeship and future leader schemes to sustain  
  our talent pipeline.

Market Opportunities 
•  The UK Government has recently published a   
  pipeline of £650bn infrastructure projects focussing 
  on schools, hospitals, power networks, roads and  

railways. TClarke has a strong market presence in a  

  number of these market sectors
•  Net Zero - We offer a wide range of energy efficient  
  smart building solutions.
•  Data Centres – significance number of data centres  
  are being built in the UK and Europe over the next  

five years.

Integrated Services and Technology 
•  We offer a broad range of engineering services.  
  We are a high-technology business and leaders in  

the delivery of complex installations utilising Modern  

  Methods of Construction (MMC) that deploy  
  prefabrication, pre-assembly, design standardisation  
  and the use digital technologies.

Nationwide Coverage 
•  We cover the whole of the UK with 20 offices.

Reputation 
•  Our performance maintains our brand reputation for  

total reliability, safety, delivery and quality.

Attractive market positions 

Client relationships 

Attractive positions in our markets where 
we operate with scale, operational  
capability at both national and regional 
levels as well as project delivery including  
processes and expertise

Building long term relationships with  
our blue chip customer base

Sustainability 

Committed to achieving net zero  
carbon across our own operations and  
supply chain offering energy efficient  
solutions to our customers

Design and Engineering Capability 

Experienced engineers supported by  
internal prefabrication facility to deliver 
modern methods of construction

Performance excellence 

The delivery of high quality projects  
safely, on time and to budget across  
the business

Project Management 

Experienced high quality project  
management delivered through our  
own workforce

Strategic Report

13

The value we create for  
our stakeholders

Shareholders 
•  Shareholder returns – we aim to generate long-term  
  sustainable shareholder returns through the  
  execution of our strategy 
•  Dividend – we have a progressive dividend policy   
increasing dividends by 38% over the last five years.

Clients 
•  We aim to deliver projects safely on time and to  
  budget using our workforce, design and project  
  management skills. We adopt a collaborative and  
  open approach to work which maximises value,  
  efficiency and productivity
•  ESG activities support our customers on their path to  
  achieving net zero emissions.

Our People 
•  Industry leading career paths and project work to  
take pride in Currently 40 participants in Future  
  Leaders Programme and 195 apprentices in training.

Supply Chain Partners 
•  We work to build strong, collaborative relationships  
  with our suppliers including co-operative design and  
  development activities 
•  We support our suppliers to meet high standards of  
  compliance expected by us and our customers 

Communities/Society 
•  We are focused on social sustainability by ensuring  
  our actions directly and positively impact the  
  communities we serve, and this in turn generates  
  wider value for society. We benefit many  
  communities through the creation of local  
  employment and advancement opportunities.

Environmental 
•  Support our customers through implementing  
  energy efficient smart building solutions
•  Building of solar farms and installation of  
  heat pumps.
•  Type 1 and type 2 emissions per £1m of turnover   
  have dropped 16% since 2019.

 
 
 
 
 
 
14

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Section 172 Statement

Section 172 of the Companies Act requires each Director to  
act in the way they consider, in good faith, would most likely 
promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its  
shareholders. In doing this, the Director must have regard, 
amongst other matters, to: 

•  The likely consequences of any decision in the long term;
•  The interests of the Company’s employees;
•  The need to foster the Company’s business relationships  
  with suppliers, customers and others;
•  The impact of the Company’s operations on the  
  community and the environment;
•  The reputation for high standards of business conduct;  
•  The need to act fairly between members of the Company.

The Board of Directors have complied with these  
requirements.

As a Board we have always taken decisions for the long term, 
and collectively and individually our aim is always to uphold the 
highest standards of conduct. Similarly, we understand that our 
business can only grow and prosper over the long term if we 
understand and respect the views and needs of our customers, 
colleagues and the communities in which we operate, as well as 
our suppliers, the environment and the shareholders to whom 
we are accountable. This is reflected in our business principles, 
and the Sustainability section on pages 16 to 25 sets out in more 
detail how we manage our relationships with them.

Summary of how the Board Engages with our Stakeholders
The following table describes how the Directors have had 
regard to the matters set out in section 172(1) (a) to (f) and forms 
the Directors’ statement required under section 414CZA of the 
Companies Act 2006.

Iain McCusker
Chairman
8th March 2022

Our
Shareholders

Our
Pensioners

Our
Employees

Our key
stakeholders

Our
Communities

Our
Clients

Our Supply
Chain

Strategic Report

15

Stakeholder  
Group

Shareholders  
and potential  
shareholders 

Our employees 

Why we engage

How we engage

What matters to  
this Group

• Continued access to capital is  
  important for the long term success  
  of our business
• We work to ensure that our  
  shareholders and their  
  representatives have a good  
  understanding of business 

• Corporate website, social media
• Results announcements and  
  presentations, AGM
• Shareholder and analyst meetings  
  with management
• Private investor events 

• Long term value creation
• Growth opportunity
• Financial stability
• Culture
• Transparency
• Dividend policy 

• The Company’s long-term success is  
  predicated on the commitment of  
  our workforce to the values  
  embodied in the TClarke Way 
• We engage with our workforce to  
  ensure that we are fostering an  
  environment that they are happy to  
  work in and that best supports their  
  well-being 

• Designated Non-Executive Director  
  has Board responsibility for  
  engagement with the workforce
• The TOMMY employee hub
• TClarke Career Pathway and  
  Training Academy
• TClarke Future Leaders Programme
• Whistleblowing Policy
• Business-wide health, wellbeing and  
  mindfulness campaigns 

• Health and safety
• Fair employment
• Fair pay and benefits
• Diversity and inclusion
• Training, development and  
  career opportunities
• Ethics and sustainability 

Our pensioners

• Our pensioners continue to feel  
  part of TClarke through retirement  
  so they feel part of the business that  
  they helped to develop and grow.

• AGM
• Pensioner newsletter
• Corporate Website

• Safety of pension
• Financial stability
• Engagement

Clients 

Suppliers 

• Our purpose is to design, install,  
  integrate and maintain the full range  
  of technology-enabled mechanical  
  and electrical services and the digital  
  infrastructure to create a 21st  
  century building 
• We aim to build long-term lasting  
  relationships with principal contractors  
  and clients and remain the contractor  
  of choice for landmark projects and  
  developments. 

• TClarke has deep, long-term  
  partnerships with both major  
  principal contractors and with  
  property/facility owners and  
  developers
• We offer a full, comprehensive  
  service during the lifecycle of a  
  project through design,  
  procurement, installation and  
  maintenance

• Our suppliers are fundamental to  
  the quality of our product and  
  services and to ensuring we maintain  
  the high standard of work we set  
  ourselves 
• Suppliers must demonstrate that  
  they operate in accordance with  
  recognised standards that uphold  
  human rights and safety, prohibit  
  modern slavery and promote  
  sustainable sourcing

• TClarke employ a formal supply  
  chain management selection process  
  to build our approved and preferred  
  supply chain list. 
• Key supply chain partners are  
  invited to TClarke’s Health, Safety  
  and Environmental meetings to  
  understand Health & Safety best  
  practice
• Regular performance reviews of  
  all key supply chain partners for total  
  reliability in project delivery

• Total reliability in project  
  delivery
• Quality of product
• Health and safety
• Responsible use of  
  personal data
• Environment
• Ethics and sustainability

• Fair trading and payment  
  terms
• Anti-bribery
• Ethics and slavery
• Environment and  
  sustainable sourcing

Community and  
environment

• We aspire to be responsible  
  members of our community as it  
  reflects our principle to do the  
  right thing
• We are committed to minimising  
  the impact of our business  
  operations on the environment
• The community and environment  
  is also important to our workforce,  
  customers and shareholders

• TClarke is proactive in its corporate  
  responsibility to the local and wider  
  community in which we work
• We encourage employee  
  involvement in community projects  
  and programmes

• Charitable donations  
  and sponsorships
• Volunteering
• Energy usage
• Recycling
• Waste management

16

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

17

Environmental, Social and Governance Report

Governance

Sustainability the TClarke Way

Active Collaboration with World Class Partners; Positive 
Action in our Areas of Direct Control
We recognise the impact climate change has on the  
environment and society and accept the known environmental 
implications of our engineering works and procedures. We are 
committed to minimising the impact our business operations 
have on the environment and continue to actively manage our 
energy efficiency. 

In key areas of environmental sustainability, the nature of our 
work as specialist engineers means that our strongest impacts 
can be generally achieved by collaborating with progressive 
clients and principal contractors nationwide upon whose  
programmes we work.

By doing so, our teams not only adhere to and help deliver 
benchmark standards for sustainable performance, we also  
support the achievement of groundbreaking sustainability  
targets and the highest standards of environmental  
performance, from Passivhaus, to Well Building and BREEAM 
standards of quality.

In many areas of social sustainability, TClarke can and does take 
the lead, creating social value and strong performance for the 
benefit of all our stakeholders, supporting fully the ethos and 
objectives of Section 172 of the Companies Act. 

Non-financial Information Statement
This section (pages 16 to 25) provides information as required 
by regulation in relation to: 

•  Environmental matters
•  Our employees
•  Social matters
•  Human rights
•  Anti-bribery and corruption

Other related information  
•  Our business model (pages 12 - 13) 
•  Principal risks (pages 26 - 29)

Task Force on Climate-related Financial   
Disclosures (TCFD) 

This is our first reporting period subject to compliance  
with TCFD. TCFD was created by the Financial Stability  
Board to improve and increase reporting of client-related  
financial information with the aim of providing the  
financial markets with clear, comprehensive high-quality  
information on the impacts of climate change. The  
reporting requirements are focussed on four thematic  
areas that represent core elements of how companies  
operate as illustrated below:

Governance

Strategy

Risk Management

Disclose the  
organisation’s  
governance around 
climate-related risks 
and opportunities.

Disclose the  
actual and potential  
impacts of  
climate-related risks 
and opportunities 
on the organisation’s 
business, strategy, 
and financial  
planning where  
such information  
is material.

Disclose how the  
organisation identifies 
assess and manages 
climate-related risks.

Metrics and  
Targets

Disclose the  
metrics and targets 
used to assess and 
manage relevant  
climate-related  
risks and  
opportunities where 
such information  
is material.

Governance Structure

Board

Responsible for:

•  Setting the   
  environmental strategy
  and monitoring overall
  performance against

targets

•  Considering climate 
  change as part of  
  stakeholder engagement

•  Reviewing key  
  climate-related risks  
  and opportunities, and  
  overseeing mitigation  
  strategies as part  
  of the bi-annual review  
  of principal and  
  Emerging risks

Group Management Board

Responsible for:

•  Reviewing and  
  monitoring climate- 
related risks at least  
  bi-annually, as part of  
the principal and  

  emerging risks Reviews    
  and establishing  
  effective mitigation  
  and controls to  
  manage risks

•  Ensuring appropriate  
  action is being taken to    
  meet our environmental   
targets, through review    

  of quarterly reporting 
   on climate change 
issues, including  
  proposed metrics  
  and KPI’s

Climate Change Delivery Group

Chaired by the Group  
Managing Director this 
group is responsible for:

•  Identifying all  
  climate-related risks  
  and opportunities,  

including and  

  developing appropriate 
  mitigation strategies

•  The group meets  
  quarterly and comprises 
  senior business leaders 
from across the group, 
  who also lead working 
  groups in their respective 
  business to deliver  
  actions required

•  Establishing action  
  plans to deliver our 
  environmental targets,  

tracking progress  
  against the targets 
   and reporting to the  
  PLC Board/Audit  
  Committee and  
  Management Board 
•  Embedding  
  accountability in each 
  business area for  
  delivery of the targets 
  and monitoring  
  progress and actions

Audit Committee

Responsible for  
supporting the Board in 
it’s responsibilities with 
respect to climate  
change, including:

•  Considering climate  
  change risks as part of  
the bi-annual review  

  of principal and  
  emerging risks
•  Overseeing  
  compliance with, and  
  progress on, climate  
  change reporting

Working Groups

Responsible for:

•  Delivering the relevant 
  actions related to their 
  area to meet our  
  environmental targets
•  Day-to-day  
  management of  
  climate-related risks 
•  Embedding the climate 
  change culture and 
  mindset within their 
  business area
•  Working groups are led 
  by senior business  
leaders from across 
  TClarke supported by 
  colleagues within  

their area

Direct and advise

Report and escalate

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

19

Climate Strategy

Climate Strategy

Our Strategy for Responding to 
Climate Change

Overview of our climate-related risks and opportunities
The scale of ambition and speed of change required to meet 
net zero emission targets, along with the changes in  
temperature and weather patterns present both risks and 
opportunities to our business. These risks and opportunities, 
along with a summary of the work we are doing to address 
them, are presented in the table below. Short-, medium- and 
long-term timeframes are defined in our risk methodology as 
one year or less, one to three years and three or more years 
respectively, and this is reflected in the table below.

Risk/opportunity type 
and description

Our response

Opportunities 

Commercial opportunities from
the transition towards net zero
will continue to shape our  
portfolio and strategy.

Timeframe:
Short, medium and long-term
Impacted businesses:
Group-wide

Risks 

We have a strategy of  
reaching net carbon zero by 
2030. There is a risk that the 
cost/availability of an electric 
charging network delay  
achievement of this target.

Timeframe:
Short, medium and long-term
Impacted businesses:
Group-wide

Impacts 

Timeframe:
Short, medium and long-term
Impacted businesses:
Group-wide

The decarbonisation of heat presents significant opportunities for our technology  
businesses as electric heating solutions are sought for homes, offices and buildings. 
We are currently installing heat pumps across the UK and are building solar farms.

We believe our smart building offering affords significant opportunities for our business 
as our customers seek to reduce their carbon footprints. We are on the NHS Smart  
building framework.

Our prefabrication facility at Stansted enables us to have far less labour onsite,  
minimising journeys and reducing our carbon footprint which is attractive to our customers.

It is our ambition to take a leading role as a Build UK business champion within the 
Construction Leadership Council’s CO2nstruct Zero programme which is the industry’s 
response to the climate challenge.

Whilst decarbonisation creates significant market opportunities across all time frames 
we continue to focus on our five market sectors in order that TClarke doesn’t become 
dependent on the rate of take up of technologies such as air source heat pumps.

One of the key actions in reducing our carbon footprint is the decarbonisation of our 
fleet; currently this is not practical due to: 

1  Availability of electric vehicles
2. Charging network across the UK
3. Ranges of vehicles before a charge
4. Costs associated with moving to an electric fleet

As such the plan is to move to an electric fleet between 2025 and 2030.
In addition decarbonisation of the economy may raise costs of other items across the 
cost base. In a low margin industry any material cost increases will need to be able to be 
passed on to customers. There is a risk that this may not be possible. The likely
impact would be to extend the time frame for TClarke becoming net carbon zero.

Overall we believe the market opportunities available to TClarke significantly outweigh 
potential cost risks. It is the Board’s expectation that costs risks will be mitigated through 
market price changes and or lengthening of the decarbonisation timeframe.

Our Climate Change Scenario Analysis

Transition Risk Analysis
To further understand the risk that climate change could  
have on our business, we undertook a high-level scenario 
analysis, where we considered scenarios out to 2030. We used 
two scenarios:

Scenario

Impact

The first assumed that the global response to the threat 
of climate change is enough to limit global average 
temperature increases to no more than 1.5ºC above 
pre-industrial levels (as set out in the Paris Agreement) 
by 2100 (the 1.5ºC scenario).  In this scenario, rapid 
changes are made to progress decarbonisation goals: 
coordinated policy, regulation and customer behaviour 
favours bans on polluting technologies, and support for 
low-carbon solutions.

Under this scenario significant market opportunities are 
available to TClarke as building owners seek to  
substantially reduce their carbon footprint. These  
opportunities are forecast to significantly outweigh the  
cost risks faced by the Group.

The second scenario assumed that the 1.5ºC target is 
missed by some margin, comparable to a 4ºC global 
average temperature increase (the 4ºC scenario). In this 
scenario, changes are less rapid and less comprehensive, 
and emissions remain high, so that the physical  
ramifications of climate change are more apparent  
by 2030.

The main impacts of this scenario were increased  
weather events of escalating severity and frequency,  
which could increase disruption to our sites and to our  
customers, market opportunities are likely to be less  
and risks significantly higher than 1.5ºC scenario due to 
extreme weather events.

Risk Management

The process for identifying, assessing and managing 
climate related risks are identified in Strategy above.

Our key climate risk is detailed in the Key Risk 
Assessment on page 29

20

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

21

Environmental Sustainability

Climate Metrics and Targets

TClarke recognises and accepts the known environmental  
implications of its engineering works and procedures and is  
committed to minimising the impact our business operations 
have on the environment.

In key areas of environmental sustainability, the nature of our 
work as specialist engineers means that our strongest impacts 
can be generally achieved by collaborating with progressive 
clients and contractors nationwide upon whose programmes 
we work.  By doing so, our teams not only adhere to and help 
deliver benchmark standards for sustainable performance; we 
are also support the achievement of ground breaking  
sustainability targets and the highest standards of environmental 
performance, from Passivhaus, to Well Building and BREEAM 
standards of quality. 

We are committed to leading our industry in the efficient  
consumption and preservation of critical resources. Through 
creative design and implementation, programmatic inclusion 
of renewable resources, and operational excellence, we have 
and will continue to take strides in adopting new technology 
and working practices for resource management. The TClarke 
collaborative approach will be for all disciplines to operate as an 
integrated part of the overall project team, in a partnering  
environment, and carry this philosophy through the design  
stages and the delivery phase. This will deliver a healthier 
and more sustainable environment, as well as associated cost 
efficiencies, to the benefit of our people, customers, and the 
communities in which we operate. 

Our Pathway to Net Zero
In December 2020 we committed to achieving net zero  
emissions across our own business operations by 2030.
We refer to Scope 1 & Scope 2 carbon emissions as our 
‘business operations carbon as these scopes relate to our own 
use of energy from direct operations under our control. This is 
the carbon emitted from fuel used on our sites and in company 
vehicles, and electricity used on sites and in offices. 

2309*

tonnes CO2e

Scope 2
Emissions

Reduce
embodied
carbon

This year TClarke has taken action to reduce our emissions in 
the quickest and most effective way possible using simple  
solutions such as:
• Procurement policy – change in our procurement policy so

that all new electricity contracts are procured on
renewable tariffs

• Fleet – at Group level we have begun the process of

preparing our fleet to move from internal combustion engines
to electric vehicles, along with the infrastructure required to
support this

• Buildings – the ongoing auditing of our buildings’ energy use

now documents and reports on the associated carbon
emission reductions, highlighting not only the consumption
and cost that will be saved by implementing energy saving
recommendations but also the associated carbon emissions.
This allows for better decision-making on our priority actions.

We have commenced the ‘audit’ of our supply chain carbon  
footprint. We have become members of BUILD UK and will  
take a leading role in this Co2nstruct Zero, the industry wide  
response to carbon reduction as we seek to reduce our Scope 
3 emissions from our supply chain. Our assessment of Scope 3 
emissions is ongoing.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO2e) Energy consumption was 
measured across the Group by recording data on the  
combustion of fuel and the use of electricity at its offices and 
facilities, and we have collated Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions 
data for the year ended 31st December 2021. 

Our CO2e emissions have been calculated using UK  
Government guidelines for conversion of fuels and electricity. 

Greenhouse Gas Emissions         

2021  2020  2019

Scope 1 emissions (tCO2e) 

1,740  1,654  2,098

Scope 2 emissions (tCO2e) 

152 

164 

211

Total Scope 1 & 2 emissions (tCO2e)  1,892  1,818  2,309

Revenue (£m) 

327.1  231.9  334.6

Emissions / £m revenue (£1m) 

5.8 

7.8 

6.9

Net Zero Carbon Roadmap to 2030

Electrification
of fleet
and plant

Scope 1
Emissions

Reduce
energy
intensity

Scope 2 Emissions

Scope 1 Emissions

*2019 starting point

DECARBONISATION ACTIONS

Increase
renewable
energy supply

Definitions:
1. Scope 1 emissions: Combustion
of fuel and operation of facilities.

2. Scope 2 emissions: Electricity

purchased from the national grid.

3. tCO2e: Tonnes carbon
dioxide equivalent.

Offset residual
emissions
to net zero

tonnes CO2e

0

Social Sustainability

Highlights

60%

Reduction in accidents 
since 2018

16 %

Of workforce 
Apprentices

60
DAYS

Average supplier 
payment days

9
YEARS

Average length of 
employee service

40

Future Leaders enrolled 
on our training 
programme

19, 645

Training days  
completed in 2021

Our activities effect our employees, supply chain and the  
communities in which we work. It is critical to the Group’s  
success that our employees, suppliers and subcontractors 
have the tools they need to deliver our clients programmes of 
work on time and to the quality expected from TClarke.  

This does not happen by chance or without substantial  
cost or long term investment. TClarke’s longstanding  
commitments and deep cultural focus across these areas is 
central to who we are, the pride we take in our business and 
the value that we deliver to our stakeholders.

We are proud of our talented employees, proud that we have 
on of the largest apprenticeship schemes within our industry 
(16% of workforce apprentices), and proud of the long-term, 
mutually supportive relationships that we have developed 
with many of our suppliers and subcontractors.

Our People
Positive culture, local opportunities and a pipeline of 
world class engineers
TClarke recognises that as a specialist engineering company, 
we can play our role by rooting ourselves in local  
communities and providing high quality, long term career 
paths and opportunities for people. Equally we can promote 
and deliver the highest possible standards of health, safety, 
wellbeing and respect for people - our own employees and 
those with whom we work. 

Our apprenticeships, advanced future leaders training and 
our health, safety and wellbeing programmes are by  
accepted metrics, absolute industry leaders and deliver far 
beyond the benchmark norms. 

Diversity and Inclusion
We cultivate an inclusive work environment where everyone 
has access to the relevant knowledge, technology and  
services they need to achieve their personal ambitions and 
drive the business forward. We want to encourage greater 
diversity within our sector and ensure that no discrimination 
occurs, however unintentional it may be.

TClarke recognises the need to actively foster and create an 
environment where everyone is respected and fully  
empowered to be their best.  As an organisation which relies 
heavily on the qualities its people display daily when working 
in collaboration with our partners, this idea has strong  
practical value and application and is embedded within our 
working culture.

During 2021 TClarke invited Chickenshed to conduct training 
with a number of our personnel on unconscious bias.

22

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Social Sustainability continued

Chickenshed is a pioneering and inclusive company that 
bring together people of all ages  and from all backgrounds 
to produce outstanding theatre productions that entertain, 
inspire, challenge and inform both audience and  
participants alike.

Gender Splits

Board 

Senior management 
(Group Management Team) 1 

Group Management Team 
direct reports 

2021

2020

Men  Women

Men  Women

6 

6 

1 

1 

6 

7 

1 

1

43 

21 

40 

14 

All employees 

1,121  115 

1,119  99 

Number of UK employees  
at 31 December, on which             1,236 
data is based 

           1,218 

excludes executive directors 1 

Gender Pay
Gender is just one aspect of diversity, we remain steadfast 
in our commitment to create a diverse, inclusive culture, one 
which supports and encourages everyone to give their best, 
and bring their whole selves to work.

           Hourly pay

2021

29%

2020

30%

28%

23%

           Bonus pay

2021

79%

2020

84%

60%

67%

Mean pay differential (average)

Median pay differential (mid-point)

In the construction sector, there is a long-standing lack of   
women in the industry. For those women who are employed 
in the industry they are usually in non-delivery or non-client 
facing roles and often in more junior positions. This means 
that across construction a significant pay and bonus gap  
exists between men and women. The small proportion of 
women employed means that the measures above,  
particularly the bonus measure, can be volatile from one  
year to the next.

TClarke have engaged with Women in Construction and have 
taken on another female apprentice. This follows our female 
apprentice of the year, Emma Nichols, and our increased 
focus for women in construction across the group in the last 
decade with a number of roles being fulfilled by women such 
as Procurement Director, Quality Manager, Commissioning  
Manager, Quality Surveyor, Design Manager and Planner.

Human Rights
Whilst TClarke does not have a separate human rights policy,  
a respect for human rights is implicit in all our employment   
policies, corporate values and policies on data protection,   
privacy, modern slavery, anti-bribery and corruption.

Training and Development
The annual TClarke Apprentice of the Year is a key part of 
our culture and all finalists gain automatic entry to our Future 
Leaders programme. The standard of entrant is extremely 
high. Through the usual strict process we managed to get  
the number down to 3 finalists; Dean Callan (UK North)  
Emily Lyons (London) Kyle Hancock (UK North) with Dean 
Callan becoming Apprentice of the Year.  

Future Leaders
The Future Leaders Programme identifies strong  
leadership  candidates at various stages of their careers  
within our business and provides them with continuous  
additional professional training, networking, and personal 
development.

We currently have 40 employees enrolled on the Future 
Leaders Programme.

All Future leaders gain opportunities for growth and career 
progression and many have moved into management   
positions across the TClarke Group, some are currently   
project managing some of the biggest projects TClarke   
have in London.

Apprentice Intake 2021
We are renowned for our apprentice programme within the 
industry and have one of the highest intakes in our sector.  
We currently have 195 apprentices currently working their 
way through the programme. As a group our normal intake 
level is around 40 apprentices every September. TClarke’s 
longstanding culture and approach to quality has driven our 
continued commitment in this area. 

Disability
We are committed to an open and inclusive culture, including 
the fair treatment of disabled people. We give full and fair 
consideration to job applications made by disabled people. Our 
procedures include making reasonable adjustments to roles and 
responsibilities and providing training and support to ensure 
they have the same opportunities for career development and 
promotion as other employees.

Strategic Report

23

TClarke Academy
TClarke operates a Career Pathway and Training Academy 
designed to provide employees with a clear career pathway 
with training and opportunities for personal and professional 
growth to achieve their goals. We have successfully rolled 
out an eLearning platform to ensure all staff are trained in 
TClarke’s procedures and kept up to date with new systems 
and technologies.

Our Pensioners
Our pensioners like to keep abreast of developments in 
TClarke. We produce a yearly newsletter to keep our  
pensioners informed of any matters of interest concerning 
their pension in addition to news stories on our website.

Health, Safety and Wellbeing
The health, safety and wellbeing of all our employees and 
suppliers is of paramount importance. TClarke has an  
‘absolute’ accident reporting regime which ensures that each 
accident, no matter how apparently small or insignificant, is 
reported and included in our statistics. We are proud of the 
culture that we have created and maintained.

Innovation
Innovation is key in refreshing our safety behaviour and  
culture. We operate an ongoing cycle of innovation with new 
campaigns and the extensive use of traditional and digital 
platforms in new ways. 

We have recently completed our changeover to  
‘All-Electronic’ reporting for our Near Miss Reporting System.  
Our unique ‘You See, You Say’ reporting system was one of 
the first Apps of its kind.

Y O U   S E E !
YOU SAY!

S W I T C H E D   O N   T O   S A F E T Y

THANK
YOU!

Report a concern

Report a concern

Report a concern

Report a concern

Report a concern

This changeover has made the process quicker, easier, more 
direct, more economically friendly and far more efficient 
by being able to address anything that has the potential to 
cause harm, in a suitably prompt time period.

We have also introduced a series of Electronic inspection   
Apps to assist with the onsite requirements of ensuring plant/
equipment is suitable and fit for use.

Continual Accident 
Reduction 

Persistent focus on accidents
and incidents

Annual Accident Frequency Rate*

2.48

2.32

1.09

1.18

0.92

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

* Accident frequency rate is
(number of accidents divided by number of hours)
multiplied by 100,000

Annual Group Accidents
2017 -2021

113

102

2017

73
2018

47

46

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

24

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Social Sustainability continued

Continuous Improvement
We have enhanced our PPE policy to ensure our people are 
greater protected whilst at work. We have introduced a more 
robust Glove Policy which gives additional protection, whilst 
maintaining comfort and dexterity. This will enable us to  
prevent hand injuries and maintain a safe working  
environment and are environmentally friendly.

Our Supply Chain
We have forged longstanding relationships with our supply 
chain partners. Where possible, we use local resources to 
ensure we harness innovation, achieve consistent quality and 
meet our responsible business goals. We work with our  
supply chain partners to help them to enable their own  
businesses to succeed.

Our strong relationships with our supply chain help us to  
be an employer of choice and facilitate conversations on  
subjects such as innovation and future growth. We monitor 
our subcontractors’ performance against set criteria and  
provide them with constructive feedback.

We are working with our supply chain to help them measure 
and reduce carbon emissions and plastic use. A key  
objective for 2022 is to reduce our supplier payment days 
from our current average of 60 days.

Antibribery & Corruption
TClarke values its reputation for lawful and ethical behaviour 
and has zero tolerance of any form of bribery or  
inappropriate inducement to ensure that business can be 
conducted in a free and fair market. Our anti-bribery and 
corruption policy has been communicated to all staff and is 
published on TOMMY, the new TClarke employee hub. Every 
individual and organisation that acts on the Company’s behalf 
or represents the Company is responsible for ensuring that 
this principle is upheld and the policy is implemented so that 
the Company conducts all business in an honest and  
professional manner in line with the Bribery Act 2010.

Modern Slavery
TClarke is committed to compliance with Modern Slavery Act 
2015 go to www.tclarke.co.uk/downloads for full policy.

Customers
Strong Engagement and Leadership
All our client relationships are underpinned by a systematic 
programme of ongoing engagement. Only through this   
ongoing collaboration can we continue to evolve as a   
business, improve our ways of working and continue to   
meet or exceed the expectations of our clients. TClarke’s 
structure and organisation means that our executive   
leadership team has direct, personal control and   
accountability for this engagement. 

Delivering Increasing Value to our Customers
Our long history of total reliability, safety and delivery of  
quality projects enables us to remain long term partners   
and the contractor of choice for many clients. We operate   
a collaborative and open approach to work which maximises 
value, efficiency and productivity. As we increase our   
leadership in critical areas of technology, manufacturing and 
our portfolio of engineering specialisms, we keep pace with 
and in many cases are anticipating our clients requirements.

Traffi.
4X43B

CE

06

TG3240

Traffi.
4X43C

CE

06

TG3240

CUT 
LEVEL
B

CUT 
LEVEL
C

Traffi.

CUT 
LEVEL
C

Traffi.

4X43B

CE

06
TG3220

CUT 
LEVEL
B

TClarke continuously aims to keep Health & Safety at the  
forefront of everybody’s mind and does so by continuing to 
implement our full range of well-established Health &  
Safety initiatives. These initiatives include ‘Have Your Say’ 
which focuses on drawing out Health & Safety topics and 
issues for discussion, which encourages engagement and 
consultation with the employees. The ‘You See You Say’ 
reporting card and mobile phone app identify potential 
Health & Safety risks.

TClarke has a Mindful Worker initiative, supported by a 
mindful worker campaign. We are proud to have introduced 
Mental Health First Aid training sessions across the Group  
to enable staff to become qualified Mental Health First 
Aiders. Our Green Hearts Mindfulness classes for all staff &  
supervisors have been well attended and appreciated.  
The classes cover practical breathing and meditation   
techniques which help to manage stress. The classes were   
so successful that we have now created a series of videos. 
These measures are a big step forward within the   
construction industry and prove how serious TClarke is  
about managing every aspect of our employees’ mental 
health, health and wellbeing.  

Strategic Report

25

Community
TClarke understands its corporate responsibility to the local 
and wider community in which we work.

TClarke is registered with the Considerate Constructors 
Scheme and monitored against a Code of Considerate  
Practice designed to raise industry standards and requires  
us to carry out our construction activity with the greatest care 
and consideration.

We engage in initiatives with our communities by liaising  
with local schools, attending career open days, holding skills 
workshops and offering work placements for young and 
mature trainees.

In addition to the support we give to providing employment 
to the local and wider community, TClarke and its people 
value the contribution we can make through charitable  
organisations and sponsored events that we support.

Examples of Community Involvement Include
TClarke have engaged with Camden Council to employ 
young people who are not in employment, education or 
training (NEETs) for our Camden Town Hall project.

TClarke participate in local job fairs to promote employment 
in construction and five apprentices were employed from the 
local area at Battersea Power Station.

TClarke sponsored Bowmer & Kirkland and the Department 
for Education for their Coast to Coast Ride to raise money  
for the Talent Foundry, a charity which helps young people 
from disadvantaged backgrounds develop valuable new  
employment skills and take that first step into the world  
of work.

TClarke is one of the lead partners for the new Stanhope 
Foundation to help London’s most vulnerable people. 

The Stanhope Foundation is focused on increasing  
employability among vulnerable and young people in 
London, so they can find hope and pride through  
meaningful employment. 

TClarke has always made significant efforts to offer the best 
pathways into meaningful and high-quality employment  
within the construction and engineering sectors. Whenever 
we look to extend the opportunities we offer, we aim to  
ensure that they are meaningful and well supported.

An Efficient Unified Procurement Operation 
Work we have done in recent years has added a series of  
strategic benefits to our long-standing and effective supply 
chain partnerships. Across the UK, the last year has shown the 
value of having such a supportive and loyal group of  
suppliers in helping to keep our clients programmes on track, 
around the UK.

A Nationwide Precision Logistics Operation Focused 
on Efficiency 
The scale of our operation is considerable. Every day 
TClarke’s nationwide procurement team ensures the  
correct delivery of more than 100 orders nationwide. This is 
a precision logistics operation, dovetailing with our clients’ 
operational requirements. In the last years, as a dividend from 
group wide structural improvements, we have streamlined 
and unified our nationwide procurement team, including the 
introduction of a new digital portal, dashboards, reporting 
tools and processes.

We have a new simplified approvals process for supply chain 
membership and a streamlined procurement process which 
gives our buying teams a stronger support community, better 
information flows, access to deals and opportunity to  
concentrate on value creation. We have also been able 
to create new logistics efficiencies as we share resources, 
knowledge and relationships across our UK team. In addition 
to process improvements we are also able to drive increased 
value through the scale of our Group purchasing.

Payables and
Receivables

Payroll
£76M

Serving Projects
Across UK

Procurement
£242M

Working
Together

Derby Central
Processing Centre

Serving 20
Regional Offices

Central
Finance

Project
Registration

Invoicing and
Reconciliations

26

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

27

Principal Risks

The Group’s risk profile continues to be supported by a strong balance sheet and secured workload, and a continued 
focus on contract selectivity. 

Our Approach

Risk is inherent in our business and cannot be eliminated. Our risk governance model ensures that our principal risks and 
the controls implemented throughout the Group are under regular review at all levels.  

Risk Governance

Group Board 
The Board is responsible for setting the Group’s risk appetite and for ongoing risk management, including assessing  
the principal risks that threaten our strategy and performance. The principal risks faced by the Group and the mitigating 
actions were formally received by the Audit Committee and Board in September 2021 and February 2022.

Audit Committee

The audit committee assists the Board in monitoring risk management and internal control, and formally reviews the 
Group and divisional risk registers on behalf of the Board.

Group Management Board

The board ensures that inherent and emerging risks across the Group are identified and managed appropriately.

Risk Reviews

Strategy Planning

Delegated Authorities

Divisional Reporting

Twice a year each  
business unit carries out  
a detailed risk review,  
recording significant  
matters in its risk register. 
Each risk is evaluated, 
both before and after  
mitigation, as to its  
likelihood of occurrence 
and severity of impact 
on strategy. This is then 
reviewed by the Group  
Finance Director  
conferring with the Group 
Management Board.

Risk management is part  
of our business planning 
process. Each year  
objectives and strategies 
are set that align with the 
risk appetite defined by 
the Board.

The Group has produced 
a schedule of delegated 
authorities that assigns 
approval of material  
decisions to appropriate 
levels of management. 
Such decisions include 
project selection,  
tender pricing, and capital 
requirements. Certain  
matters are reserved for 
Board approval.

The divisional risk  
registers record the  
activities needed to  
manage each risk, with 
mitigating activities 
embedded in day-to-day 
operations for which  
every employee has  
some responsibility.   
Rigorous reporting  
procedures are in place 
to monitor significant risks 
throughout the divisions 
and ensure they are  
communicated to the 
Group’s board reporting 
and delegated  
authorities’ process.

Quality Assurance Function

The Quality Assurance Team reviews the divisional risk registers to check that they have been reviewed, maintained, and 
updated. The Group Finance Director draws from the divisional risk registers when compiling the Group risk register.  

Risk and potential impact

Update on Risk Status

Mitigation and Action

Health & Safety (H&S) 
H&S will always feature  
significantly in the risk profile  
of a construction business.   
Accidents could result in legal 
action, fines, costs and  
insurance claims as well as  
project delays and damage to 
reputation. Poor H&S  
performance could also affect 
our ability to secure future  
work and achieve targets.

Improvement 
Greater use of Modern  
methods of construction and 
prefabrication have reduced 
number of hours worked  
on site.
Our Health & Safety  
performance has improved in 
the year, with a reduction in the 
number of lost time incidents. 
Our AFR has fallen to 0.92.

1. The Group Health & Safety Director monitors

and responds to legal and regulatory
developments.

2. Industry leading health and safety policies and

procedures are maintained. 

3. All employees receive regular training and
updates to ensure they are aware of their
responsibilities.

4. Our teams adapted well to new site operating

procedures introduced as a result of the
pandemic. These procedures remain in place
across the whole business, and should enable
us to navigate further waves of the pandemic in
a productive and safe manner. We are very
focused on reducing our AFR (accident
frequency rate.

5. Continued focus on ‘You See You Say’

Changes in the Economy 
There could be fewer or less 
profitable opportunities in our 
chosen markets. Allocating 
resources and capital to  
declining markets or less  
attractive opportunities would 
reduce our profitablility and 
cash generation.

Improvement 
We believe that in the medium 
to longer term, the markets in 
which we operate remain  
favourable and structurally  
secure. Our order book stands 
at a record level with many 
more opportunities currently 
being bid.

1. We balance our business by strategic

management of our order book with a blend
of existing markets of Infrastructure, Residential
and Hotels, Engineering Services, renewing FM
contracts and  new markets such as Technologies.

2. The Group monitors its order book to ensure an
appropriate balance of work between London
and the regions across the various sectors in
which it operates.

Insolvency of Key Client,  
Subcontractor or Supplier 
An insolvency of a key client 
could impact cash flow and 
profitability. An insolvency of a 
subcontractor or supplier could 
disrupt projects, cause delay  
and incur costs of finding a 
replacement.

Inadequate Funding and 
Cash Flow Management  
A lack of liquidity could impact 
our ability to continue to trade 
or restrict our ability to achieve 
market growth or invest in 
regeneration schemes.

No Change 
The pandemic and the  
introduction of the reverse  
charge VAT regeime  have 
impacted customers and supply 
chain balance sheets.

1. We work for a number of large well funded clients.
2. We have a rigorous due dilligence regeime both

for existing and new clients.

3. Working with preferred suppliers where possible,
which aids visibility of both financial and workload
commitments.

4. Regular monitoring of work in progress

(uninvoiced income) debts and retentions.

No Change 
At 31st December 2021 The 
Group had £20.3m of cash and 
£10m of unused facilities. Our 
balance sheet continues to  
provide assurance for our  
employees, clients, supply chain 
and counterparties in an  
increasingly uncertain market.

1. The Group has a Revolving Credit Facility of £15m
committed to 31st August 2024 and an overdraft
facility of £10m.

2. Daily monitoring of cash levels and regular

forecasting of future cash balances and facility
headroom.

3. Regular stress-testing of long-term cash forecasts.
4. Funding of significant projects signed off by

Group Finance.

28

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Strategic Report

29

Risk and potential impact

Update on Risk Status

Mitigation and Action

Risk and potential impact

Update on Risk Status

Mitigation and Action

Contract Selection 
In a market where competition 
is high a Region might accept   
a contract with a main  
contractor that is poor in  
managing projects. The impact 
to us is the risk of increasing  
our costs and causing delays.

No Change 
The quality of our order book 
in terms of projects and  
repeat clients enables us to 
remain highly selective when 
bidding future work. Over  
90% of contracts are with  
repeat clients.

1. Clear selectivity, strategy and business plan to
target optimal markets, sectors, clients and
projects which have proven to have delivered
favourable outcomes.

2. Weekly calls with all our business leaders are held

to discuss new opportunities and customers

Attracting and Retaining 
Talented People  
Attracting and retaining  
appropriately qualified staff 
to deliver our ambitious  
growth plan.

Mispricing a Contract 
If a contract is under priced this 
could lead to contract losses and 
an overall reduction in gross  
margin. If it is over priced the 
Group will not secure sufficient 
tenders to secure the order book 
and grow the business. Miss/ 
pricing contracts may also damage 
the relationship with the client.

Project Delivery 
Failure to meet client  
expectations could incur costs 
that erode profit margins, lead 
to the withholding of cash 
payments and impact working 
capital. It may also result in  
reduction of repeat business 
and client referrals.

No Change 
Almost all contracts are  
profitable at a time when the 
order book is at a record high.

1. A well-established bidding process with

experienced estimating teams.

2. Estimating Teams have been office based

throughout the pandemic and continue to take
off physical drawing measurements rather than
using standard measurement rates. 

3. All tenders have director/sign off.

No Change 
The pandemic caused initial 
project delays but impacts were 
promptly renegotiated with our 
clients and supply chain. This 
reinforced the strength of our 
relationships, sector strategy 
and approach to working with 
preferred partners. In terms of 
product availability, a large  
proportion of products are  
UK-sourced which helps  
reduce risk.

1. Contracts of significant size or risk are regularly
reviewed by Regional Managing Directors and
the Executive Board.

2. Regular performance reviews of all key suppliers

and subcontracts.

3. Ongoing assessment and management of

operational risk throughout project lifecycle.
4. Train and maintain industry-leading teams of
directly employed engineers, surveyors,
supervisors and skilled tradespeople. 

5. Profit and cash flow are monitored throughout
the project lifecycle with regular review at
contract and business unit level.

Contract Variations and 
Disputes  
Changes to contracts and  
contract disputes could lead 
to costs being incurred that  
are not recovered, loss of  
profitability and delayed  
receipt of cash.

No Change 
We continue to monitor the 
agreement of variations on a, 
monthly basis. It is the Groups 
policy not to recognise  
variations in full until formally 
agreed (see note 4).

1. Review contract terms at tender stage and

ensuring any variations are approved
by the appropriate level of management. 
2. Well established systems of measuring and

reporting project progress and estimated out
turns that include contract variations and
impact on programme, cost and quality. 

3. Use and development of electronic dashboards
for project management and change control,
and commercial metrics designed to highlight
areas of focus and provide early warnings.

Material Availability & Inflation  
The majority of TClarke  
contracts are tendered at a  
fixed price lump sum. Material 
inflation during the contract 
period will increase costs and 
impact profitability.

Increase 
There is currently a significant 
price inflation and fluctuation on 
copper and steel and longer  
lead times generally.

Formal supplier framework agreements are  
maintained to mitigate this risk, with prices locked 
in through procurement at the beginning of a  
contract wherever possible.

Research and Development 
(Innovation)  
A failure to produce or  
embrace new products  and 
techniques could diminish our 
delivery to clients and reduce 
our competitive advantage.  
It could also make us less  
attractive to existing  or  
prospective employees.

Cyber Security 
Investment in IT is necessary  
to meet the future needs of the 
business in terms of expected  
growth, security and innovation, 
and enables  its long-term  
success. It is also essential in 
order to avoid reputational and 
operational impacts and loss  
of data that could result in  
significant fines and/or  
prosecution.

Climate Change and 
Sustainability  
The impact of increased costs 
arising from a zero carbon  
economy. The loss of key  
clients through not addressing 
carbon emissions adequately.

No Change 
We have an industry leading 
apprenticeship scheme with 
on average 195 apprentices 
accounting for 16% of our  
workforce. Our Future Leaders 
Programmes identifies strong 
leadership and currently has 
circa. 40 people.

No Change 
Continued development of 
TClarke Smart Building  
Solutions, implemention of 
business dashboards and  
development of apps for  
Procurement, Time Sheets,  
H&S and Expenses.

No Change 
In order to protect against 
increasing levels of UK cyber 
attack, we continue to invest 
in established security controls 
and external security partners 
who actively advise on strategy.  
Refreshed security awareness 
training was rolled out to all our 
employees over 2020 and 2021.

1. The Group remains committed to providing
apprenticeships, career paths and ongoing
training and development for all employees.
2. Remuneration packages for all staff are linked
to performance and monitored to ensure they
remain competitive.

Our employees enjoy working on high-profile,  
innovative projects that provide them with the  
opportunity to enhance their knowledge and  
experience.  Business and IT come together to 
promote new innovations across the business.

A dedicated team focused on providing a stable  
and resilient IT environment, and continued  
investment in core infrastructure and applications.   
The Group maintains robust cyber security policies  
to guard against third party access and malicious  
attacks. The Group’s core systems are outsourced to 
a third party with robust processes and procedures.

Increase 
The focus on the impacts of 
climate change has increased 
significantly. We have begun to 
communicate our strategy for 
addressing climate change and 
the actions we are taking in order 
to meet the expectations of our 
stakeholders. Our Strategy is 
to become a Build UK Business 
Champion and take a lead role.

1. We have a Climate and Sustainability Committee
led by the Group Managing Director to oversee
our carbon reduction journey to get to net zero
by 2030.

2. The Board considers climate related issues when
reviewing and guiding-strategy, major plans of
action, risk management policies, annual budgets,
and business plans as well as setting the
organisations performance objectives.

30

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Long-term Viability Statement

The Directors have assessed the Group’s prospects and viability, 
taking into account its current position and the principal risks 
outlined on pages 26 to 29.  

a strong position both operationally and financially and is well 
placed to respond quickly to any changes in market conditions 
whilst remaining profitable.

The Group takes a conservative approach to strategic risk. The 
business case for all significant investments and entry into or exit 
from specific markets is reviewed and signed off by the Board.  
Risk registers are maintained and reviewed regularly throughout 
the year to identify potential threats to the Group’s business, to 
assess the financial, operational and strategic impact of these 
threats, and to determine appropriate mitigating actions.  

Based on their assessment of prospects and viability above,  
the Directors confirm that they have a reasonable expectation 
that the Group will be able to continue in operation and meet its 
liabilities as they fall due over the three year period ending  
31st December 2024.

Strategic Report Approval
The Board confirms that, to the best of its knowledge, the 
Strategic report on pages 1 to 30 includes a fair review of the 
development and performance of the business and the position 
of the Company, and the undertakings included on the  
consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of 
the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

Approved by the Directors and signed on behalf of the Board 
on 8th March 2022.

Mark Lawrence
Group Chief Executive Officer
8th March 2022

The nature of the Group’s business is long-term. The UK 
construction market in which the Group operates is subject to 
considerable peaks and troughs.  The Directors consider a three 
year period as appropriate for assessing the ongoing viability of 
the Group as most of the projects undertaken by the Group are 
completed within a three year time horizon from initial tender 
and the Group uses a three year time frame for the preparation 
of its strategic business plans and financial projection models.

The Group’s prospects are assessed primarily through its  
strategic business planning process and the ongoing  
monitoring of the principal risks and mitigating actions. The 
process is led by the Chief Executive and involves senior  
management throughout the Group.   

All business units formally update their strategic plans on an 
annual basis. This process, which takes place in the fourth  
quarter each year, includes:
• an assessment of the business unit’s current position taking
into account its operating environment and the threats and
opportunities it faces;

• the business unit’s achievements over the previous twelve

months measured against its strategic objectives;

• a detailed review of the risks faced by the business units and
the strength of the controls and mitigating actions in place;
• the agreement of financial and strategic targets covering the

following three years; and

• the preparation of detailed budgets and projections for the
next three years in support of the strategic business plan.

The business unit strategic plans are formally reviewed and 
challenged by the Executive Directors prior to presentation to 
the full Board.    

Based on the financial models submitted by the business units, 
the Group’s financial projections are updated and tested using a 
range of sensitivities to identify potential threats to the financial 
viability of the Group over the three year projection period.  
These sensitivities included reductions of 25% and 50% to 
forecast profitability, as well as an upside scenario to consider 
demands on working capital. The key assumptions underlying 
the financial model include the renewal and continuing  
availability on similar terms of the Group’s existing banking 
facilities, which comprise a £10m overdraft facility repayable on 
demand and a committed £15m revolving credit facility expiring 
on 31 August 2024, and the ability to flex the cost base  
sufficiently to address any significant change in workload. See 
note 2 on page 72 for further discussion of the key assumptions 
underpinning the going concern basis of preparation and the 
financial viability of the Group.  

The three year projections demonstrate that taking into account 
reasonable sensitivities around revenue and profitability, the 
Group will be able to operate within its existing facilities over the 
three year projection period, and the Directors are confident that 
the Group’s business model allows sufficient flexibility to meet any 
significant change in demand for its services. The Group ended 
2021 with a record forward order book of £534m, as we move 
towards our £500m per annum revenue target. The Group is in 

Board of Directors

Executive Directors

Mark Lawrence
Group Chief Executive Officer
Appointed to the Board on 2nd May 2003. 
Mark has been with the Company for 36 years and started at 
TClarke by completing an electrical apprenticeship in 1987.  
As Group Chief Executive Officer since January 2010, Mark 
has led strategic change across the Group.

Mike Crowder
Group Managing Director
Appointed to the Board on 1st January 2007. 
Mike has over 36 years of significant experience in the  
Construction industry and started at TClarke as an  
Apprentice.  Mike has overall responsibility for Operations 
and is responsible for Group Health and Safety.

Trevor Mitchell
Group Finance Director and Company Secretary
Appointed to the Board on 1st February 2018. 
Trevor is a Chartered Accountant with extensive experience 
across many sectors. Prior to his appointment, Trevor had 
been working with TClarke since October 2016, assisting with 
simplifying the structure and improving the Group’s financial  
controls and procedures.

Governance

31

Non-Executive Directors

Iain McCusker
Chairman
Chair of the Nomination Committee

Appointed to the Board on 1st January 2009 and appointed 
Chairman on 1st October 2015.  Iain is a Chartered Accountant 
and has significant international financial and management  
experience, Iain is a former member of the Qualifications 
Board of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland. 
He is Senior Visiting Fellow, City, University of London, and 
Chairman of NPA Insurance.

Peter Maskell
Senior Independent Director – (from 5th May 2021)
Chair of the Remuneration Committee 
Non-Executive Director for Employee Engagement

Appointed to the Board on 1st January 2018. Peter worked at 
Philips Electronics for 37 years after studying Electrical and  
Electronic Engineering at Kingston University. For the last 20 
years, he held a number of senior management positions in 
both the UK and Europe.

Louise Dier
Independent Director
Chair of the Audit Committee – (from 5th May 2021)

Group Management Board

The Group Management Board comprises the Executive 
Directors and: 

Appointed to the Board on 1st January 2019. 
Louise was previously Managing Director of David Chipperfield 
Architects having joined them in 2013.  Louise is also a Trustee 
of the charity Sported.

Chris Harris 
UK North Director 

Rob Faro 
UK South Director 

Garry Julyan1 
London Director

Jonathan Hook
Independent Director – (appointed 1st July 2021)

Kevin Mullen2 
UK North Director 

Anton Malia
UK South Director

Andy Griffiths2 
Systems Director

1 Statutory director of TClarke Contracting Limited
2 Statutory director of TClarke Services Limited and TClarke Contracting Limited

Associate Members of the Group Management Board

Appointed to the Board on 1st July 2021. Jonathan has recently 
retired as a partner at PwC where he was the global leader of the 
Engineering & Construction practice.

Committees

Audit Committee
Nomination Committee
Remuneration Committee

  Chair

Sally Higgins 
Group Procurement  Group Health & 
Director 

Safety Director

Josh Bourne 

32

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

33

Corporate Governance Report

Statement of Compliance

Chairman’s Introduction
The Board is committed to high standards of corporate  
governance and complies with the principles contained in  
the UK Corporate Governance Code 2018 (‘the Code’), which 
took effect for accounting periods starting on or after 1st  
January 2019. The Code sets out principles to which the  
Listing Rules require all listed companies to adhere,  
supported by more detailed provisions. This governance 
section describes the principal activities of the Board and its 
committees and how the Company has applied the principles  
contained within the Code. Our statement of compliance with 
section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 is set out on pages  
14 to 15.

The Board recognises that a high standard of corporate 
governance is essential to support the growth of our business 
and to protect and enhance shareholder value. The Directors, 
whose names and details are set out on page 31, are  
collectively responsible to shareholders for the long-term 
success of the Company. The Board does this by supporting  
entrepreneurial leadership from the Company’s executive 
team whilst ensuring effective controls are established that 
enable the proper assessment and management of risk. The 
Board is ultimately responsible for the Company’s strategic 
aims and long-term prosperity; it seeks to achieve this by  
ensuring that the right financial resources and human talent 
are in place to deliver the Company’s strategy and objectives. 
Our culture is fundamental to the successful delivery of our 
strategic objectives. 

The day-to-day management and leadership of the Company 
is delivered by the Group Management Board, which  
comprises the Executive Directors and other key members  
of the Group’s senior management team, including  
representatives of the regional businesses, details of whom 
are provided on page 31.

During 2021, we undertook a formal, internal evaluation  
of the Board’s and its committees’ effectiveness. The results 
of this exercise are summarised on page 40. I am pleased  
to report that I am satisfied that the Board and each of the  
Directors are operating effectively. Louise Dier,  
non-executive director having served her initial three year 
term has decided to retire from the Board on 30 April 2022.  
I am happy to recommend that all Directors standing for  
election should be elected or re-elected at the 2022 AGM.

As Chairman, I will continue to evolve our governance  
framework, being mindful of best practice and the latest 
developments surrounding corporate governance.

Iain McCusker
Chairman
8th March 2022 

to ensure the delivery of the strategy agreed by the Board. 
Through his leadership of the Group Management Board, he 
demonstrates his commitment to health and safety,  
operational and financial performance.

The Senior Independent Director acts as a sounding board 
for the Chairman and serves as an intermediary for the other 
Directors, where necessary. The Senior Independent  
Director is also an additional point of contact for shareholders 
if they have reason for concern and where contact through 
the normal channel of the Chairman, Chief Executive or other 
Executive Directors has failed to resolve or for which such 
contact is inappropriate.

Independent of management, the Non-Executive  
Directors bring diverse skills and experience vital to  
constructive challenge and debate. The Non-Executive  
Directors provide the membership of the Audit,  
Remuneration and Nomination Committees.

Board Diversity
The Board recognises the benefits of Board diversity,  
including, but not limited to, the appropriate mix of skills, 
experience, gender, age, ethnicity, background and  
personality. The Board endorses a balance of diversity and 
experience to promote Board effectiveness, whilst taking into 
account the appropriate financial, managerial and industry  
skills which are relevant to the calibre of a Director  
of TClarke. 

The Board stipulates that new appointments to the Board will 
be based on merit and suitability to the role, whilst also giving 
due consideration to diversity. Non-Executive Directors should 
have the ability to fulfil the requisite time commitment.

Statement of Compliance
Throughout the year ended 31st December 2021, the Board 
considers that it has complied with the principles and  
provisions of the UK Corporate Governance Code 2018  
(‘the Code’), other than the tenure of the Chairman, which  
is explained below. The Code is issued by the Financial  
Reporting Council (FRC) and is publicly available on the FRC’s 
website, www.frc.org.uk.

Structure of the Board
The Company is managed by the Board of Directors, which 
currently consists of four Non-Executive Directors (including 
the Chairman) and three Executive Directors. The  
Non-Executive Directors who served during the year ended 
31st December 2021 were deemed to be independent,  
notwithstanding their shareholdings held during the year, 
which are not considered significant by the Board. At the 
time of his appointment as Chairman, Iain McCusker was 
considered to be independent, but is not considered to be 
independent by virtue of his appointment as Chairman.

All Directors are subject to annual re-election unless a  
Director has been newly appointed during the year, when 
they will seek election. At the forthcoming AGM on 11th May 
2022, all Directors will be retiring and all except Louise Dier, 
are offering themselves for election or re-election.

All Executive Directors have signed service agreements which 
take into account best practice and contain a notice period of 
12 months from either party. All Non-Executive Directors have 
letters of appointment specifying their roles, responsibilities 
and required time commitment to the Board.

The Board maintains procedures whereby potential conflicts 
of interests are reviewed regularly. The Board has considered 
the other significant commitments undertaken by the  
Directors, details of which are provided in their biographies 
on page 31, and considers that the Chairman and each of the 
Directors are able to devote sufficient time to fulfil the duties 
required of them under the terms of their service agreements 
or letters of appointment.

Iain McCusker was appointed Chairman in October 2015, 
although he has been a Non-Executive Director since 2009. 
The Board notes that the Code states that the Chair should 
not remain in the post beyond nine years from the date of 
first appointment to the Board, but provides that this period 
may be extended to facilitate effective succession planning 
and the development of a diverse Board, particularly in those 
cases where the Chair was an existing Non-Executive Director 
on appointment. Therefore, in order to provide continuity 
and stability given the relative short periods of office of the 
other Non-Executive Directors, Iain McCusker will stand for 
re-election at the 2022 AGM and his position as Chairman 
will be kept under review. 

The Chairman is responsible for the leadership and  
management of the Board and its governance. By promoting 
a culture of openness and debate, he facilitates the effective 
contribution of all Directors and helps maintain constructive 
relations between Executive and Non-Executive Directors.
The Chief Executive Officer is responsible for the executive 
leadership and day-to-day management of the Company, 

34

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Statement of Compliance continued

Board Meetings
The composition of the Board is designed to ensure effective 
management, control and direction of the Group.

The Board is collectively responsible for the effective oversight 
of the Company, its businesses and its culture. It also  
determines the strategic direction and governance structure 
of the Company to enable it to achieve long-term success and 
deliver sustainable shareholder value, whilst taking account of 
the interests of all stakeholders. The Board takes the lead in  
safeguarding the reputation of the Company and ensuring that 
the Company maintains a sound system of internal control. 
The Board’s full responsibilities are set out in the schedule of 
matters reserved for the Board.

Matters Reserved for the Board Include: 

•  Consideration and approval of the Group’s strategy,  
  budgets, structure and financing requirements.
•  Consideration and approval of the Group’s annual and  
  half-yearly reports and financial statements.
•  Consideration and approval of interim and final dividends.
•  Consideration and approval of the Group’s trading   
  statements.
•  Ensuring the maintenance of a sound system of internal  
  controls and risk management.
•  Conducting a robust assessment of the principal risks  

facing the Company and setting risk appetite.

•  Changes to the structure, size and composition of    
the Board as recommended by the Nomination  

  Committee.
•  Establishing committees of the Board and determining  

their terms of reference.

The Board meets regularly to consider and decide on matters 
specifically reserved for its attention. Board papers are  
circulated sufficiently in advance of Board meetings to  
enable time for review. The attendance of individual Directors 
at formal monthly Board and sub-committee meetings is set 
out in the table below. 

At each Board meeting the Board reviews management 
accounts in order to provide effective monitoring of financial 
performance. At the same time, the Board considers other 
significant strategic risk management, operational and  
compliance issues to ensure that the Group’s assets are  
safeguarded and financial information and accounting records 
can be relied upon. The Board monitors monthly progress on 
contracts formally. Furthermore, the Company’s risk appetite is 
discussed and considered when making key decisions.

Board Committees
The Board has delegated certain responsibilities to the Audit 
Committee, Remuneration Committee and Nomination  
Committee, which report directly to the Board. The terms of 
reference of each committee are available in the Investor  
section of the Company’s website.

The Board also established an Administration Committee at 
its Board meeting in January 2019 to which it delegated items 
of a routine and administrative nature. The Committee meets 
as and when required and is constituted by any two or more 
Directors. It met 4 times during 2021 to deal with the exercise 
of options under the TClarke Savings Related Share  
Option Scheme.

Number of Meetings Attended by the Directors

Iain McCusker
Mike Robson (retired 5th May 2021)
Peter Maskell 
Louise Dier
Jonathan Hook (appointed 1st July 2021)
Mark Lawrence
Trevor Mitchell 
Mike Crowder

Board 
(Maximum 10)

Audit 
(Maximum 4)

Nomination 
(Maximum 2)

Remuneration 
(Maximum 4)

10
4
10
10
4
10
10
10

–
2
4
4
2
–
–
–

2
1
2
2
1
–
–
–

4
2
4
4
2
–
–
–

All Directors attended their maximum possible number of meetings.

Governance

35

Group Management Board
The Group Management Board comprises the Executive 
Directors and other key members of the Group’s senior  
management team, including representatives of the regional 
businesses. The role of the Group Management Board is to 
co-ordinate and direct the efforts of the three regional  
businesses and the individual offices below them to manage 
risk and deliver value for the Group as a whole across our 
target sectors in line with the Group’s strategy. The Group 
Management Board considers Group initiatives on matters 
such as health and safety, procurement, employee  
engagement, and the development of new services and areas 
of expertise. The Group Management Board also reviews the 
operational effectiveness of the business units in matters such 
as tender submission and success rates, cash generation and 
maintenance, and health and safety performance. The Group 
Management Board is responsible for the implementation of 
the Group’s ESG strategy.

Performance Evaluation
The effectiveness of the contribution and level of  
commitment of each Director to fulfil the role of a Director of 
the Company is the subject of continuing evaluation, having 
regard to the regularity with which the Board meets, the  
limited size of the Board and the reporting structures which 
are in place within the Company to monitor performance.

The Chairman primarily, but acting in conjunction with the 
Chief Executive Officer, undertakes the task of annual  
evaluation of performance and commitment of individual 
Board members by conducting individual interviews. The 
evaluation of the Board as a whole, and its committees, is 
also undertaken on an annual basis. New Directors receive a 
formal induction, overseen by the Chairman and Chief  
Executive Officer in conjunction with the Company Secretary. 
Training is available for all Directors as and when necessary. 
The Senior Independent Director, in conjunction with the 
other independent Non-Executive Directors, undertakes the 
annual appraisal of the Chairman.

During the year, the Board conducted its annual internal 
appraisal of its own performance, led by the Chairman in 
conjunction with the Nomination Committee, covering the 
composition, procedures and effectiveness of the Board and 
its committees. The Board members are of the opinion that 
the Board and its committees operate effectively.  
Performance is regularly monitored to ensure ongoing  
obligations are adequately met and the Board regularly  
considers methods for continuous improvements.

Company Secretary
All Directors have access to the advice and services of the 
Company Secretary, who is responsible for advising the 
Board on all governance matters and ensures that the Board 
receives appropriate and timely information, that Board 
procedures are followed and that statutory and regulatory 
requirements are met.

understand their views on governance and performance 
against strategy.

Presentations are made to brokers, analysts and institutional 
investors at the time of the announcement of the year-end 
and half-year results, and there are regular meetings and 
presentations with analysts and investors throughout the year. 
The aim of the meetings is to explain the strategy and  
performance of the Group and to establish and maintain a 
dialogue so that the investor community can communicate 
its views to the executive management. All such meetings 
are reported at Board meetings. In addition, the Chairman is 
available to meet with major shareholders periodically to  
discuss Board governance and strategy. 

The Board has always invited communication from  
shareholders and encouraged their participation at the 
Annual General Meeting. All Board members present at the 
Annual General Meeting are available to answer questions 
from shareholders, including the Chairs of the Audit,  
Remuneration and Nomination Committees, during the  
meeting and remain available after the meeting to talk  
informally with shareholders. Notice of the Annual General 
Meeting is given in accordance with best practice and the 
business of the meeting is conducted with separate  
resolutions, each being voted on initially by a show of hands, 
with the results of the proxy voting being provided at the 
meeting. Further shareholder information is available in the 
Investor section of the Company’s website.

Internal Control
The Board is responsible for the Group’s system of internal 
control and for reviewing its effectiveness. Such a system is 
designed to manage, rather than eliminate, the risk of failure 
to achieve business objectives, and can only provide  
reasonable and not absolute assurance against material  
misstatement or loss.

Risk management and internal control procedures are  
delegated to Executive Directors and Senior Management 
in the Group, operating within a clearly defined divisional 
structure. Each division assesses the level of authorisation 
appropriate to its decision-making process after the  
evaluation of potential benefits and risks. A three-year  
strategic plan is prepared for each division and updated 
annually, including the identification and consideration of 
significant risks to the division’s strategic objectives. Progress 
against the strategy and the management of the risks  
identified is formally reviewed on a regular basis by the 
Group Management Board.

The Audit Committee reviews the Company’s risk register  
and monitors risk management procedures as a regular  
agenda item and receives reports thereon from Group  
management. The Audit Committee Chairman provides a  
report on its findings to the Board. The emphasis is on  
obtaining the relevant degree of assurance and not merely 
reporting by exception. 

Relationship with Shareholders
The Company recognises the importance of dialogue with 
both institutional and private shareholders in order to  

At its meeting on 23rd February 2022, the Board carried out 
the annual internal controls and risk management assessment 

 
 
 
36

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

37

Statement of Compliance continued

Audit Committee Report

by considering documentation from the Audit Committee.  
In accordance with the Code, the Board confirms that, for the 
year ended 31st December 2021, it has carried out a robust  
assessment of the principal risks facing the Group, including 
those that would threaten its business model, future  
performance, solvency or liquidity. The principal risks  
identified and the controls and mitigating actions in place are 
described on pages 26 to 29.

Further details concerning the Audit Committee’s review of 
internal controls and risk management processes are included 
in the Audit Committee report on pages 37 to 39.  
Historically, the internal audit function has been covered 
through regular site visits conducted by Quality Assurance 
and Group finance personnel and the role was expanded 
in 2018 to include detailed reviews that the Committee felt 
appropriate. The Audit Committee reviewed the need for a 
separate internal audit function during 2021 and agreed that 
the current process worked well and should continue. 

Share Capital Structures
The statements within the Directors’ report on share capital 
structures are incorporated by reference into this statement 
of compliance.

Fair, Balanced and Understandable Assessment
In relation to compliance with the Code, the Board has given 
consideration as to whether or not the Annual Report and 
Financial Statements, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and 
understandable, and provides the information necessary for 
shareholders to assess the Company’s position, performance, 
business model and strategy and concluded that this is the  
case. A statement to this effect is included in the Directors’  
Responsibilities Statement on page 60. The preparation of  
this document is co-ordinated by the Finance team and the  
Company Secretary with Group-wide input and support from 
other areas of the business. Comprehensive reviews have 
been undertaken at regular intervals throughout the process 
by Senior Management and other contributing personnel 
within the Group.

The Directors’ responsibilities for preparing the financial 
statements and supporting assumptions that the Company is 
a going concern are set out on page 57.

Long-term Viability Statement (‘LTVS’)
In relation to compliance with the Code, the Board has  
assessed the prospects of the Group, taking into account the 
Group’s current position and principal risks. The LTVS and 
supporting assumptions are set out on page 30.

Trevor Mitchell
Company Secretary
8th March 2022

Dear Shareholder
As Chairman of the Audit Committee, I am pleased to  
present the report of the Audit Committee for the year  
ended 31st December 2021.

Matters Considered by the Audit Committee
The Audit Committee met on four occasions during the year 
ended 31st December 2021. The principal matters discussed 
at the meetings are set out below.

The Audit Committee continues to support the Board by  
providing detailed scrutiny of the integrity and relevance  
of the Group’s financial reporting, monitoring the  
appropriateness of the Group’s internal control and risk  
management systems and overseeing the external  
audit process.

The Audit Committee has continued to follow a programme 
of meetings which are timed to coincide with key events in 
the financial calendar. As a Committee, we are committed  
to discharging our responsibilities effectively and  
constructively challenge the information we receive. Over 
the past year, the regular reports the Audit Committee has 
received from management and the external auditors have 
been timely and well presented, which has enabled the  
Committee to discharge its responsibilities effectively.  
Where necessary, we request additional detailed information 
so that we may better assess certain issues, and the risks  
and opportunities presented.

I would like to pay tribute to the late Mike Robson for his 
significant contribution to the Committee. Mike was chair 
from November 2015 until his retirement from the Board in 
May 2021.

Further information concerning the activities of the  
Audit Committee during the year are set out on the  
following pages.

Louise Dier
Chair of the Audit Committee
8th March 2022

  Principal Matters Considered

July 2021
•  Review of the half year results.

September 2021
•  Audit plan presented by the external auditors.
•  Governance and independence of the external auditors.
•  Consideration of the need for a separate internal  
  audit function.
•  Review of policy on non-audit services.
•  Review of risk register and mitigating actions.
•  Consideration of the internal audit work undertaken by  
  the Quality Assurance team. 
•  Annual assessment of internal controls and risk  
  management. 
•  Review of Committee’s effectiveness.
•  Review of risk register and mitigating actions.

February 2022
•  Draft Annual Report and Financial Statements for the  
  year ended 31st December 2021, including significant  

judgements and disclosures therein.

•  Finance Director’s report on going concern and  
  viability statement.
•  Finance Director’s report on goodwill impairment.
•  Interim report of external auditors detailing their  
  assessment on key risk audit areas.
•  Review of risk register and mitigating actions.

  March 2022

•  Draft Annual Report and Financial Statements for the  
  year ended 31st December 2021, including significant  

judgements and disclosures therein.

•  Audit representation letter.
•  Report of external auditors on their audit of the 2021  
  Annual report and Financial Statements.
•  Consideration of the reappointment of external auditors.
•  Independence of external auditors. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Audit Committee Report continued

Significant Judgements, Key Assumptions and Estimates
The Audit Committee pays particular attention to matters it 
considers to be important by virtue of their impact on the 
Group’s results and remuneration of  

Senior Management, or the level of complexity, judgement or 
estimation involved in their application on the consolidated 
financial statements. The main areas of focus during the year 
are set out below:

Matters Considered and Actions
Matter Considered:  
Contract Profit and  
Revenue Recognition

Action: The recognition of revenue and profit on 
construction contracts involves significant judgement 
due to the inherent difficulty in forecasting the final 
costs to be incurred on contracts in progress and the 
process whereby applications are made during the 
course of the contract with variations, which can be 
substantial, often being agreed as part of the final 
account negotiation.

The Committee considered the consistency and  
appropriateness of the Group’s policies and the 
effect of IFRS 15 in respect of profit and revenue. 
Their specific application to a number of large  
contracts was considered, including key  
judgements made by management and the  
external audit thereof. 

The Committee concurred with management’s 
assessment of the contracts and the revenue  
recognised.

Matter Considered: 
Pension Scheme  
Accounting

Action: The Group’s defined benefit pension scheme 
is valued annually by external advisers in accordance 
with IFRSs. The valuation is subject to significant  
fluctuations based on actuarial assumptions, including:
• discount rates;
• mortality assumptions;
• inflation;
• salary increases;
• expected return on plan assets.

The Committee reviewed the basis of the 
valuation, including the assumptions used, 
and considered the sensitivity of the  
pension scheme valuation to changes in 
those key assumptions. Further details of 
the valuation, including the key assumptions 
used, are disclosed in note 22 to the  
financial statements on pages 96 to 101. 

Matter Considered: 
Carrying Value of 
Intangible Assets  
and Investments

Action: Intangible assets comprise a significant 
element of the Group’s net assets. As required by 
IFRSs, the Company conducts an impairment review 
of these assets every year.

The Committee considered the papers presented by 
the Group Finance Director supporting management’s  
assertion that goodwill is not impaired. Other  
intangible assets comprise customer relationships 
on acquisition and are amortised. This assertion was 
supported by detailed cash flow and profit projections 
covering a three-year period, including sensitivity 
analysis and an analysis of secured workload. It also 
considered the independent auditors’ comments on 
the key assumptions and detailed forecasts made.  
The issue of impairment involves making significant 
judgements about individual cash-generating units 
and the risks they face. 

Action: The Group conducts a review to ensure it  
has sufficient working capital to support its 3 year business 
plan. The review considers impact on working capital 
requirements of various sensitivities to ensure that plans 
are sufficiently robust to cater for reasonable worst case 
scenarios whilst still meeting all bank covenants.

The Committee considered the papers presented  
by the Group Finance Director supporting management’s 
assertion that the Group remains a going concern and has 
sufficient working capital to support its business plans.

Matter Considered: 
Going Concern

The Committee agreed with management’s 
recommendation that no impairment  
charge should be made. Further details  
concerning the make-up of intangible  
assets, the assumptions used and the 
sensitivity of the carrying value of intangible 
assets can be found in note 11 to the  
financial statements on pages 85 to 86.

Aligned to the review of the carrying value 
of intangible assets, the Committee also 
considered the carrying value of the  
subsidiaries in the Parent Company’s  
financial statements.

The Committee agreed with management’s 
recommendation that the Group is a going 
concern. On all scenarios modelled the 
Group was able to meet all banking  
covenants with significant headroom.
Further details can be found in the long 
term viability statement on page 30.

Membership of the Audit Committee
The members of the Committee during the year were Mike Robson (Chair to 5 May 2021), Louise Dier (Chair from 5th May 
2021), Peter Maskell and Jonathan Hook (from 1st July 2021). Biographies of the current members of the Audit Committee are 
included on page 31.

Governance
The Committee members are all independent  
Non-Executive Directors. The Board is satisfied that Louise 
Dier has the necessary skills and experience to chair the  
Audit Committee and the Committee as a whole has the  
requisite recent and relevant financial experience to the  
construction industry. The Committee routinely meets four 
times a year, and additionally as required, to review or discuss 
other significant matters.

The Group Finance Director and the Group Chief Executive 
Officer attend the meetings; the external auditors also attend 
parts of the meetings.

The terms of reference of the Committee are available on the 
Company’s website under the Investor section – Governance.

Internal Controls
The Audit Committee receives regular updates on internal  
controls and has concluded that our controls are adequate  
and appropriate to our business. Following an independent 
review of the controls over expenses a number of changes  
and improvements have been made to the expenses policy 
and processes.

Internal Audit
The internal audit function is covered through regular site 
visits conducted by Quality Assurance and Group finance 
personnel and the remit of the Quality Assurance department 
was expanded in 2018 to include detailed reviews that the 
Committee felt appropriate. The Audit Committee reviewed 
the need for a separate internal audit function during the year 
and agreed that the current practice worked well and was 
appropriate to our business.

Risk Management
Assisted by Executive Directors, the Audit Committee has 
focused on maintaining and improving the procedures to 
identify, manage and mitigate the risks facing the business 
and to drill down on selected risks on a rolling basis through 
the year.

External Audit
The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing relations 
with the external auditors, including the approval of fees, and 
makes recommendations to the Board on their appointment 
and reappointment. Details of the auditors’ remuneration can 
be found in note 6 to the financial statements on page 81.

The Committee accepts in principle that certain work of a 
non-audit nature is most efficiently undertaken by the  
external auditors. The policy on non-audit services provided 
by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (‘PwC’) is that the Chairman 
of the Audit Committee reviews and, if appropriate, approves 
all non-audit services and fees, and any such approval is put 
to the Audit Committee for review and ratification at the next 
Committee meeting. Apart from a nominal fee for access to 
online technical resources, no non-audit services were  
provided during the year (2020: £nil).

The Company complies with the Competition and Markets 
Authority’s requirements around independence. The  
independence of the external auditors is essential to  

Governance

39

the provision of an objective opinion on the true and fair 
presentation in the financial statements. Auditor  
independence and objectivity is safeguarded by limiting the 
nature and value of non-audit services performed by the 
external auditors and ensuring the rotation of the lead  
engagement partner at least every five years. The current 
lead engagement partner has held the position for one year. 

The Audit Committee reviews the effectiveness of the audit 
process through quality service reviews with the external  
auditors post-audit. At the end of the review process, the 
Audit Committee decides whether, given the results of the 
review, to recommend to shareholders that the auditors  
be reappointed.

Louise Dier
Chair of the Audit Committee
8th March 2022

The Roles and Responsibilities of the Audit 
Committee Include: 
•  Monitoring the integrity of the financial statements of the  
  Company and any formal announcements relating to   

the Company’s financial performance, reviewing significant  
financial reporting issues and judgements contained therein.

•  Reviewing the Company’s internal controls and risk  
  management systems and reviewing the need for an internal  
  audit function on an annual basis.
•  Making recommendations to the Board, to be put to   
  shareholders, in relation to the appointment of external 
  auditors and their remuneration and terms of engagement.
•  Reviewing and approving the audit plan and ensuring it is  
  consistent with the scope of audit engagement.
•  Reviewing the independence of the external auditors and  

reviewing the effectiveness of the audit process.

•  Reviewing the extent of non-audit services provided by the  
  external auditors.
•  Reviewing the Company’s whistleblowing and anti-bribery  
  procedures.

 
 
 
 
40

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

41

Nomination Committee Report

Dear Shareholder
As Chairman of the Nomination Committee, I am pleased to 
present the report of the Nomination Committee for the year 
ended 31st December 2021.

During the year, the Nomination Committee comprised Iain 
McCusker (Chair), Peter Maskell, Mike Robson (Until 5th May 
2021) Louise Dier and Jonathan Hook (from 1st July 2021).  
Biographies of the current members of the Nomination  
Committee are included on page 31.

The Nomination Committee met twice during the year to 
review the structure, size and composition of the Board  
and its Committees, undertake a Board evaluation process 
and to consider the formal succession plan for Directors and  
senior management. The Nomination Committee also  
recommended to the Board that Jonathan Hook be  
appointed a Non-Executive Director.

The Committee gives due consideration to diversification in  
the make-up of the Board but, due to the size of the Company, 
the most important consideration is to achieve an appropriate 
mix of skills, knowledge and experience, taking into account  
the Company’s Board Diversity policy. Before any appointment 
is made by the Board, the Nomination Committee evaluates  
the balance of skills, experience, independence and  
knowledge on the Board and, in the light of this evaluation, 
prepares a description of the role and capabilities required for  
a particular appointment.

The Committee’s succession planning not only takes into 
consideration the Company’s long-term and medium-term 
needs and natural evolution to the Board, but also short-term 
needs such as unforeseen departures and contingency for 
unexpected Board changes. The Committee also formulated 
succession plans for the Group Management Board taking 
into account the challenges and opportunities facing the 
Company, and the skills and expertise needed on the Board 
in the future. 

The performance of individual Directors, the Board, its  
committees and the Chairman is reviewed annually. In 2021, in 
order to evaluate the performance of the Board, each member 
of the Board was asked to complete a detailed questionnaire. 
The responses to the questionnaire were summarised and were 
reviewed and discussed by the Nomination Committee and 
subsequently shared with and discussed by the Board.  
Topics covered in the review included strategy, risk  
management and the conduct and effectiveness of Board  
meetings. Whilst acknowledging that there are always  
opportunities for development and improvement, the Directors 
have concluded that the Board had effectively discharged its 
duties during the year.

As part of the evaluation process, as Chairman of the  
Nomination Committee and acting in conjunction with the 
Chief Executive Officer, I undertook the task of annual  
evaluation of performance and commitment of individual 
Board members by conducting individual interviews. The  
review of my own performance and commitment was  
undertaken by the Senior Independent Director.

Based upon the evaluation of the Board, its committees and 
the continued effective performance of individual Directors, 
the Committee recommended to the Board that those  
directors wishing to be considered stand for re-election at the  
Company’s AGM in 2022. 

Iain McCusker
Chair of the Nomination Committee
8th March 2022 

The Roles and Responsibilities of the  
Nomination Committee Include: 
•  Regularly reviewing the structure, size and composition  

(including the skills, knowledge, experience and diversity)  
  of the Board and making recommendations to the Board with  

regard to any changes.

•  Evaluating the balance of skills, experience, independence  
  and knowledge on the Board and preparing or approving a  
  description of the role and capabilities required for a  
  particular appointment.
•  Responsibility for identifying and nominating, for the approval  
  of the Board, candidates to fill Board vacancies as and when  

they arise.

•  Satisfying itself with regard to succession planning for  
  Directors and senior management, taking into account the  
  challenges and opportunities facing the Company and the  
  skills and expertise needed on the Board in the future.
•  Making recommendations to the Board concerning    
  membership of the Audit and Remuneration Committees.
•  Reviewing annually the time required from Non-Executive  
  Directors.

Remuneration Committee Report

Dear Shareholder
I am pleased to present the remuneration report for the year to 
31st December 2021. This report aims to set out how the Group 
pays our Directors, decisions made on their pay and how much 
they have received in the last financial year.

The report is split into two sections:

•  A summary of the Directors’ Remuneration Policy, which  
  was approved at the AGM 24 June 2020 and which is  

reproduced this year for information purposes only, as it  
is unchanged. 

•  The Annual Report on Remuneration, which includes   

this letter and will be subject to an advisory shareholder  

  vote at our AGM on 11 May 2022.

Performance and Reward for 2021
2021 marked the start of our 3 year growth plan to achieve 
£500m annual turnover. The first year of this plan has been  
successfully delivered; 2021 revenue has been restored to 
£327m, our order book is at record levels with £379m already 
secured for 2022. There is a well founded confidence of  
achieving our growth ambitions. 

2021 

2020

Revenue 
Underlying operating profit  
Underlying EPS 
Dividend per share 

£327.1m 
£8.8m 
14.99p 
4.85p 

£231.9m
£6.0m
10.29p
4.4p

The Executive Directors’ targets were set by the  
Remuneration Committee at the start of 2021. Financial  
performance of TClarke combined with and the performance  
of the Executive Directors in executing against the strategic 
annual bonus objectives set for them resulted in a bonus of  
91% of salary being payable to each of the Executive Directors.

LTIP awards granted in 2019, which vest on three year  
performance to 31 December 2021, will vest in full. On this  
basis earnings per share growth over the three-year period to  
31st December 2021 was 14%. This was above the stretch  
vesting condition of EPS growth rate exceeding RPI by more 
than 10% for the LTIP award granted in 2019 and, as a result,  
the award will vest in full on 24th April 2022.

Further information on the actual targets set, and performance 
against them, is provided on page 50.  

Remuneration Policy 
The Committee expects the 2020 remuneration policy to 
remain effective until the 2023 AGM. Our remuneration policy 
is designed to be sustainable and simple, and to encourage the 
effective stewardship that is vital to delivering our strategy of 
creating long-term value for all stakeholders. It promotes long 
term sustainable performance through significant deferral of 
remuneration through shares. Executive Directors are expected 
to build and maintain substantial personal shareholdings in the 
business. Our policy ensures that performance-related  
components will form a significant proportion of the overall  
remuneration package, with maximum rewards earned only 

through the achievement of challenging performance targets 
based on measures aligned with our long-term strategy.

Implementation of the Remuneration Policy for 2022

The key highlights of how we intend to apply it for  
2022 are:

•  Fixed Pay – the percent increase in Executive Directors base  
  salaries on 1 January 2021 is in line with the wider workforce.  
•  Variable pay – annual bonus maximum will be 150% of  
  salary and a normal LTIP award of 50% of salary will be made  
in March 2022. An additional LTIP award of 50% of salary  
  will also be made as an incentive to support the growth plan;  

the achievement of which would substantially increase  
total shareholder returns (TSR).

•  Performance measures – will continue to be focused on  
  simple and transparent measures. For the annual bonus,  
  underlying profit before tax and interest will  apply for  

two-thirds of the opportunity and key strategic objectives  
  aligned with the Group’s Median term plan to deliver £500m  
revenue in a sustainable manner will apply for the remaining  

  one-third of bonus. For the LTIP, 50% will be based on  
  stretching earnings per share and 50% based on stretching  
  TSR targets.
•  Employee share schemes: Long-Term Incentive Plan, Save As  
  You Earn Share Option Scheme – Shareholders approved the  
  employee share scheme on 5 May 2021 for a 10 year period. 

Alignment with Shareholders
We are mindful of our shareholders’ interests and are keen  
to ensure a demonstrable link between reward and value  
creation. We are proud of the support we have received in 
the past from our shareholders, with over 97% approval of 
the Directors’ remuneration report received last year at the 
2021 AGM. We hope that we will continue to receive your 
support at the forthcoming AGM in 2022. 

Peter Maskell
Chair of Remuneration Committee
8th March 2022 

The Role and Responsibilities of the  
Remuneration Committee Include
•  Determining the service contracts and base salary levels for  

the Executive Directors and other senior management.
•  Setting remuneration policy for all Executive Directors  
  and the Company’s Chairman, taking into account relevant  

legal and regulatory requirements, the provision of the code  

  and associated guidance.
•  Approving the design of, and determining targets for, any  
  performance-related pay schemes operated by the Company  
  and approving the total annual payments made under such  

schemes.

•  Determining the policy for, and scope of, pension  
  arrangements for each Executive Director and other  
  designated senior executives.
•  Reviewing the design of all share incentive plans for    
  approval by the Board and shareholders.
•  Agreeing the policy for authorising claims for expenses from  

the Directors.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
42

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

43

How the Executive Directors’ Remuneration Policy Relates to 
the Wider Workforce
The Committee does not directly consult with employees 
regarding the remuneration of Directors. However, the pay and 
conditions elsewhere in the Company are considered when 
designing the policy for Executive Directors and continue to 
be considered in relation to implementation of the policy. The 
Committee regularly monitors pay trends across the workforce 
and salary increases will ordinarily be (in percentage of salary 
terms) in line with those of the wider workforce. Reflecting the 
UK Corporate Governance Code and investor guidelines, new 
external Executive Director appointees will also have company 
pension contributions set in line with the level offered to the 
majority of the salaried workforce (in percentage of salary terms).  

The remuneration policy described here provides an overview  
of the structure that operates for the most senior executives in 
the Company. Employees below executive level have a lower 
proportion of their total remuneration made up of  
incentive-based remuneration, with pay driven by market 
comparators and the impact of the role in question. Long-term 
incentives are reserved for those judged as having the greatest 
potential to influence the Group’s strategic direction, earnings 
growth and share price performance.

How Shareholders’ Views are Taken into Account
The Committee seeks to engage with its major shareholders 
when any significant changes to the remuneration policy are 
proposed. The Committee also considers shareholder feedback 
received in relation to the Directors’ remuneration report and 
at the AGM each year, and this, plus any additional feedback 
received from time to time, is considered as part of the  
Committee’s annual review of remuneration policy. The  
Committee also closely monitors developments in institutional 
investors’ best practice expectations.

Directors’ Remuneration Policy

This part of the Directors’ remuneration report summarises  the 
Directors’ Remuneration Policy for the Company which was  
approved by the shareholders at the 2020 AGM.The policy 
came into effect on the 24th June 2020 and is next due to be 
put to the shareholders for approval at the 2023 AGM.

Policy Overview
The primary objective of the remuneration policy is to promote 
the long-term success of the Company. In working towards the 
fulfilment of this objective, the Committee takes into account a 
number of factors when formulating the remuneration policy for 
the Executive Directors, including the following:
•  the need to provide a remuneration structure that is    
  sufficiently competitive to attract, retain and motivate   
  Executive Directors of an appropriate calibre to deliver  

long-term, sustainable growth of the business; 

•  the alignment of interests between executives and  
  shareholders through share ownership and appropriate  

recovery and withholding provisions; 

•  internal levels of pay and employment conditions  
  across the Group as a whole; 
•  the principles and recommendations set out in the UK  
  Corporate Governance Code and the views of  

institutional shareholders and their representative  

  bodies; and 
•  periodic external comparisons of market trends and    
  practices in similar companies taking into account their  
  size (and in particular their FTSE ranking) and complexity.

Our remuneration structure is intended to be simple and 
transparent, and to contribute to the building of a sustainable 
performance culture. Our policy ensures that  
performance-related components will form a significant  
proportion of the overall remuneration package, with maximum 
total potential rewards earned only through the achievement of 
challenging performance targets based on measures selected to 
promote the long-term success of the Company.

The main elements of the remuneration package for  
Executive Directors are a base salary, benefits and pension 
provision, as well as an annual bonus plan and shares  
awarded under a long-term incentive plan (‘LTIP’), both of 
which are subject to stretching performance conditions.  
The Committee has determined that this structure will  
provide an appropriate balance between fixed and  
performance-related pay elements. The Committee will 
continue to review the remuneration policy to ensure it takes 
due account of remuneration best practice and that it remains 
aligned with shareholders’ interests.

Summary Director Policy Table
The table below summarises the remuneration policy  
for Directors.

Element of Remuneration: Salary
Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  To provide competitive fixed remuneration to attract and  
retain Executive Directors of superior calibre in order to  

  deliver growth for the business

Operation 
•  Normally reviewed annually with changes typically effective  
  1st January
•  Paid in cash on a monthly basis
•  Comparison against companies with similar characteristics are  

taken into account as part of the review

•  Internal reference points, the responsibilities of the individual  
role, progression within the role and individual performance  

  are also taken into account

Element of Remuneration: Benefits
Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  To support recruitment and retention
•  To provide a market consistent benefits package

Operation 
•  Benefits may include a combination of car or car  
  allowance, private medical insurance and life assurance
•  Executive Directors will be eligible for any other benefits  
  which are introduced for the wider workforce on broadly  
  similar terms
•  Travel allowances or time-limited relocation benefits    
  may be offered if considered appropriate and reasonable  
  by the Committee
•  Any reasonable business-related expenses (including   
tax thereon) can be reimbursed if determined to be a  
taxable benefit

•  Executive Directors are also eligible to participate in any  
  all-employee share plans operated by the Company, in line  
  with prevailing HMRC guidelines (where relevant), on the  
  same basis as for other eligible employees

Maximum Opportunity 
•  There is no prescribed maximum annual basic salary or  
  salary increase. Details of the current salary levels are   
  set out in the Annual Report on Remuneration on page 47
•  Any salary increase (in percentage of salary terms) will  
  ordinarily be up to the general increase for the broader  
  employee population; however, a higher increase may  
  be awarded to recognise, for example, an increase in   
the scale, scope or responsibility of the role and/or to  
take account of relevant market movements

•  Where an Executive Director’s salary is set below  
  market levels at appointment, a series of increases may  
  be given (in addition to the factors listed above) in  
  order to achieve the desired salary positioning, subject  

to satisfactory individual performance

Performance Targets 
•  None, although the overall performance of the individual  
  and the wider business context is considered as part of the  
  salary review process

Maximum Opportunity 
•  There is no maximum limit but the Committee reviews the  
  cost of the benefits provision on a regular basis to ensure  

that it remains appropriate

•  Participation in the all-employee share plans is subject to  

the limits set out by HMRC

Performance Targets 
•  Not applicable

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

45

Directors’ Remuneration Policy continued

Element of Remuneration: Pension

Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  Provide competitive retirement benefits

Operation 
•  Defined benefit or defined contribution scheme (or cash  
  alternative)
•  Where the promised levels of benefits cannot be  
  provided through an appropriate pension scheme, the  
  Group may provide benefits through the provision of  
  salary supplements

Maximum Opportunity 
•  For Executive Directors appointed externally from 1  
  January 2020, defined contribution pension contributions  
(or cash equivalents in lieu) will be aligned with the wider  

  salaried staff
•  Current employees, including Executive Directors, who 
  are existing members of the Company’s defined  
  benefit scheme may be entitled to continue to accrue  
  benefits under these arrangements rather than  
  participating in the defined contribution (or cash equivalent)  
  arrangements. The maximum pension on retirement at age  
  65 is 1/60th of final pensionable salary for service before  
  March 2010, and 1/80th of revalued pensionable salary for  
  service thereafter and these rates are consistent for all  
  participants. A salary supplement may be provided in order  
to compensate the individual up to the value of benefits  
lost as a results of HMRC limits or if the individual opts-out  

  of the plan

Performance Targets 
•  Not applicable

Element of Remuneration: Bonus

Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  Incentivise annual achievement of performance targets  

relating to the Company’s KPIs

•  Maximum bonus only payable for achieving demanding  

Maximum Opportunity 
•  Maximum of 150% of salary per annum
•  Target performance would normally result in 60% of    
  maximum becoming payable

targets

Operation 
•  Normally payable in cash
•  Levels of award are determined by the Committee  
  after the year end based on performance against the   

targets set at the start of the year

•  All bonus payments are at the ultimate discretion of    

the Committee and the Committee retains an overriding  
  discretion (within the limits of the scheme) to ensure that  
  overall bonus payments reflect its view of corporate  
  performance during the year
•  Payments in relation to the annual bonus are subject to  
  withholding and recovery provisions

Performance Targets 
•  Group financial measures (e.g. profit-related measures)  
  will apply for the majority of the bonus
•  If used, personal or strategic objectives will be applied  

for the minority of the bonus

•  Measures and objectives will be determined over a  
  one-year performance period

Element of Remuneration: Long-Term Incentive Plan
Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  Aligned to delivery of strategy and long-term  
  value creation
•  Align Executive Directors’ interests with those of  

Maximum Opportunity 
•  Annual awards of no more than 100% of salary (with this  
level generally reserved for exceptional circumstances).

Performance Targets 
•  Performance is measured over three years 
•  Awards currently vest based on performance against   
  stretching earnings per share (‘EPS’) targets set and    
  assessed by the Committee. However, different financial,  
  strategic or share price-based measures may be set for  

future award cycles as appropriate to reflect  the strategic  

  priorities of the business at that time 
•  Notwithstanding the performance outcome, the  
  Remuneration Committee retains the discretion to adjust  
the vesting outcome upwards or downwards (within the  
  scheme limits) to reflect the underlying performance of the  
  Company over the three-year period 
•  A maximum of 25% vests at threshold, increasing to 100%  
  vesting at maximum on a straight-line basis 

shareholders

•  To promote retention

Operation 
•  LTIP awards take the form of conditional rights or nil,   
  nominal cost or market value options and are normally  
  granted annually 
•  Awards vest after three years’ subject to the achievement  
  of pre-set performance criteria and continued employment.   
  Awards made from 2020  onwards are subject to a  
  mandatory two-year holding period following the end of the  
  vesting period, other than those sold to cover tax and NI  

liabilities and dealing costs

•  The Committee reviews the quantum of awards annually  
  and monitors the continuing suitability of the performance  
  measures 
•  The Committee may determine at grant that an amount  
(in cash or shares) equivalent to the dividends paid or  
  payable on vested shares up to the release date may  
  become payable; any amount payable may  assume the  

reinvestment of dividends over the period

•  Awards under the LTIP are subject to withholding and  

recovery provisions, further details of which are included as  

  a note to the policy table

Element of Remuneration: Share Ownership Guidelines

Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  To increase alignment between Executives and  

shareholders

Operation 
•  Executive Directors are required to build and maintain  
  a shareholding of 100,000 shares through the retention  
  of vested share awards or through open market purchases
•  Wholly owned shares and vested LTIP shares in the  
  mandatory holding period (net of tax) will count towards  

the guideline

Maximum Opportunity 
•  Not applicable

Performance Targets 
•  Not applicable

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
46

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

47

Directors’ Remuneration Policy continued

Element of Remuneration: Post-employment Share Ownership Guidelines
Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  To provide further long-term alignment between Executives  
  and shareholders
•  To ensure a focus on successful succession planning

Maximum Opportunity 
•  Not applicable

Performance Targets 
•  Not applicable

Operation 
•  Executive Directors will normally be expected to maintain  
  a holding of TClarke shares for two years after their  
  employment as a Director has ceased
•  The post-employment guideline will be equal to the lower of:  

the actual shareholding at the time of ceasing to be a  

  Director and 100,000 shares
•  The guideline will apply only to shares acquired from LTIP  
  awards made from 2020 onwards; open market purchases  
  are excluded from the post-employment guidelines
•  The specific application of the shareholding guideline will be  
  at the Committee’s discretion

Element of Remuneration: Non-Executive Director
Purpose and Link to Strategy 
•  To provide competitive fees to attract and retain high-calibre  
  Non-Executive Directors
•  To reflect the time commitment and responsibilities of  

the role

Maximum Opportunity 
•  There is no prescribed maximum fee or fee increase
•  Any increase will be guided by changes in market rates,  
time commitments and responsibility levels as well as by  
increases for the broader employee population

Operation 
•  The Chairman’s fee is set by the Board on the  

Performance Targets 
•  Not applicable

recommendation of the Remuneration Committee. The  
  Non-Executive Directors’ fees are set by the Board on the  
recommendation of the Executive Directors. No Director  
takes part in discussions relating to their own remuneration
•  Non-Executives may be paid additional fees for chairing one  
  of the major Board committees or for holding the Senior  

Independent Director position

•  The fees are set taking into account the time commitment  
  and responsibilities of the role
•  In exceptional circumstances, if there is a temporary    
  yet material increase in the time commitments for  
  Non-Executive Directors, the Board may pay extra fees to  

recognise the additional workload

•  Fees are normally paid monthly in cash and are normally  

reviewed annually

•  Directors can be reimbursed for any reasonable  
  business-related expenses (including the tax thereon if  
  determined to be a taxable benefit)

Notes:
1	 The	choice	of	the	performance	metrics	applicable	to	the	2021	annual	bonus	scheme	reflects	the	Committee’s	belief	that	any	incentive	compensation	should	be	appropriately	challenging	and	tied	to	both	the	delivery	of

targets	relating	to	a	key	financial	measure,	profit,	and	which	support	the	Company’s	strategic	objectives	through	individual	and/or	strategic	performance	measures	intended	to	ensure	that	Executive	Directors	are
incentivised	to	deliver	across	a	range	of	objectives	for	which	they	are	accountable.	The	Committee	has	retained	some	flexibility	on	the	specific	measures	which	will	be	used	over	the	life	of	the	policy	to	ensure	that	any
measures are fully aligned with the strategic imperatives prevailing at the time they are set.  Targets are generally set with reference to the Group’s budget, with target performance typically requiring meaningful  
improvement on the previous year’s outturn. 

2  The performance condition applicable to the 2021 LTIP awards is earnings per share growth (EPS). EPS was selected by the Remuneration Committee on the basis that it is aligned with the delivery of long-term returns 

to	shareholders	and	it	is	the	Group’s	key	financial	metrics.	The	Committee	has	retained	flexibility	on	the	measures	which	will	be	used	for	future	award	cycles	to	ensure	that	the	measures	are	fully	aligned	with	the	strategy
prevailing at the time the awards are granted. LTIP targets are intended to be stretching but achievable taking into account the Group’s long-term strategic plan, as well as a range of relevant internal and external 
reference points.

3  The Committee operates the annual bonus, LTIP and all employee share plans in accordance with the relevant plan rules and, where appropriate, the Listing Rules and HMRC legislation. The Committee, consistent with 
market practice, retains discretion over a number of areas relating to the operation and administration of the plans. These include, for example, the timing of awards and setting performance criteria each year, dealing 
with leavers, discretion to retrospectively amend performance targets in exceptional circumstances (providing the new targets are no less challenging than originally envisaged) and in respect of share awards, to adjust 
the number of shares subject to an award in the event of a variation in the share capital of the Company. 

4  For the avoidance of doubt, in approving this Directors’ Remuneration Policy, authority is given to the Company to honour any commitments entered into with current or former Directors (such as the exercise of past 
share awards). Details of any payments to former Directors will be set out in the Annual Report on Remuneration as they arise.  Notwithstanding the above, pension arrangements for new appointees after 1 January 
2020 will be consistent with the wider workforce.

5  Consistent with HMRC legislation and market practice, the HMRC all-employee share plans do not have performance conditions. 
6	 The	annual	bonus	and	LTIP	include	withholding	and	recovery	provisions	which	may	be	applied	in	certain	circumstances,	including	following	a	material	misstatement	of	the	Company’s	financial	accounts,	gross	misconduct

on the part of the award-holder or an error in calculating the award outcome.  The 2020 annual bonus and awards made under the LTIP from 2020 onwards will be subject to an expanded list of triggers.  In respect of 
the annual bonus, the provisions apply for up to two years following payment, whilst LTIP awards remain subject to the provisions throughout the vesting and holding period (where applicable).  Participants in both 
schemes are now required to acknowledge their understanding of the withholding and recovery provisions to help ensure that the provisions would be enforceable the circumstances arise.

element of pay at 150% of salary) the indicative total  
remuneration value would be £1,788,910 for the Group Chief 
Executive, £1,533,303 for the Group Managing Director and 
£1,341,218 for the Group Finance Director. 

Approach to Recruitment and Promotions
The remuneration package for a new Executive Director would 
be set in accordance with the terms of the prevailing approved 
remuneration policy at the time of appointment and take into 
account the skills and experience of the individual, the market 
rate for a candidate of that experience and the importance of  
securing the relevant individual.

Salary would be provided at such a level as required to attract 
the most appropriate candidate and may be set initially at a  
below mid-market level on the basis that it may progress 
towards the mid-market level over a period of two to three 
years once expertise and performance has been proven and 
sustained.

New appointees would receive company pension contributions 
or an equivalent cash supplement aligned to that offered to the 
wider salaried workforce at the time of appointment, and would 
be eligible to receive benefits of the same type and at similar 
levels as other Executive Directors.  If the new appointee were 
promoted from within the business and was already a member 
of the defined benefit scheme, they would remain eligible for 
benefits from it in the same way as other members of the  
workforce who are members.

The maximum level of variable pay which may be awarded to 
new Executive Directors will be in line with the policy set above. 
In addition to this, the Committee may make buyout awards 
in the form of additional cash and/or share-based elements to 
replace remuneration forfeited by an executive as a result of 
leaving his or her previous employer. It will, where possible, 
ensure that these awards are consistent with awards forfeited in 
terms of vesting periods, expected value and performance tests.

The Committee may apply different performance measures,  
performance periods and/or vesting periods for initial awards 
made following appointment under the annual bonus and/or 
long-term incentive arrangements, subject to the rules of the 
scheme, if it determines that the circumstances of the  
recruitment merit such alteration. LTIP awards can be made 
shortly following an appointment (assuming the Company is 
not in a close period), whilst the maximum annual bonus in the 
year of appointment would generally be pro-rated to reflect the 
period of service during the year.

Pay for Performance Scenarios
The charts below provide an illustration of the potential  
future reward opportunities for the Executive Directors, and 
the potential split between the different elements of  
remuneration under four different performance scenarios: 
‘Minimum’, ‘Target’, ‘Maximum’ and ‘Maximum including the 
impact of a 50% share price appreciation on LTIP awards’.

Potential reward opportunities are based on TClarke’s  
remuneration policy, applied to the base salaries effective 1 
January 2022. The annual bonus and LTIP are based on the 
maximum opportunities set out under the remuneration policy 
for normal circumstances; being 150% of salary and 100% of 
salary respectively. Note that the LTIP awards granted in a year 
do not normally vest until the third anniversary of the date of 
grant, and the projected value is based on the face value at 
award rather than vesting (i.e. the scenarios exclude the impact 
of any share price movement over the period).

Mark Lawrence

Minimum

fixed pay
100%

Annual  
Bonus

long-term  
incentives

Target
Minimum

51%
100%

Maximum
Target

34%
48%

43%

49%
41%

6%

11%

16%

2022
£440
Total

£869
£468,910

£1,277
£974,910

Maximum

0

30%

300

Mike Crowder

42%

600

£000s

900
28%

1,200

1,500

£1,568,910

Minimum

fixed pay
100%

Annual  
Bonus

long-term  
incentives

Target
Minimum

51%
100%

Maximum
Target

34%
49%

43%

49%
40%

6%

11%

16%

2022
£440
Total

£869
£408,303

£1,277
£839,553

Maximum

0

30%

300

Trevor Mitchell

42%

600

£000s

900
28%

1,200

1,500

£1,345,803

Minimum

fixed pay
100%

Annual  
Bonus

long-term  
incentives

Target
Minimum

51%
100%

Maximum
Target

34%
48%

43%

49%
41%

6%

11%

16%

2022
£440
Total

£869
£351,218

£1,277
£730,718

Maximum

0

30%

300

42%

600

£000s

900
28%

1,200

1,500

£1,176,218

The ‘minimum’ scenario reflects base salary, pension and 
benefits (i.e. fixed remuneration) which are the main elements 
of the Executive Director remuneration packages not linked 
to performance. 

The ‘target’ scenario reflects fixed remuneration as above, 
plus a bonus payout of 60% of maximum and LTIP threshold 
vesting at 25% of maximum award.  

The ‘maximum’ scenario includes fixed remuneration and full 
payout of all incentives (150% of salary under the annual  
bonus and 100% of salary under the LTIP) but no movement 
in share price over the three-year period. Under the  
‘maximum’ scenario, if TClarke share price increased by 50% 
over the three-year performance period ( in effect valuing this 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
48

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

49

Directors’ Remuneration Policy continued

Annual Report on Remuneration

There is no provision for additional compensation on a change 
of control. In the event of a change of control, the LTIP awards 
will normally vest on (or shortly before) the change of  
control and the Committee shall determine the extent to which 
outstanding awards shall vest. Awards may alternatively be 
exchanged for new equivalent awards in the acquirer where 
appropriate. Outstanding awards under any/all employee share 
plans will vest in accordance with the relevant scheme rules.  
Bonuses may become payable, subject to performance and, 
unless the Committee determines otherwise.

External Appointments
The Board allows Executive Directors to accept external  
Non-Executive Director positions provided the appointment 
is compatible with their duties as Executive Directors. The 
Executive Directors may retain fees paid for these services. Any 
appointment will be subject to approval by the Board.

Non-Executive Directors
The Chairman and Non-Executive Directors’ terms are set out 
in letters of appointment. The letters of appointment of the 
Non-Executive Directors are available for inspection at the  
Company’s registered office during normal business hours.

Single Total Figure Remuneration (Audited)
The table below reports the total remuneration receivable in respect of qualifying services by each Director during the year:

Year ended 31st December 2021

Executive:
Mark Lawrence
Mike Crowder
Trevor Mitchell

Non-Executive:
Iain McCusker
Mike Robson
Peter Maskell
Louise Dier
Jonathan Hook

Year ended 31st December 2020

Executive:
Mark Lawrence
Mike Crowder
Trevor Mitchell

Non-Executive:
Iain McCusker
Mike Robson
Peter Maskell
Louise Dier

Total salary 
and fees 
£

Taxable 
benefits 
£

Annual 
bonus 
£

Long-term 
incentives 
£

Total 
£

418,500
357,000
311,375

26,410
30,803
20,718

380,835
324,870
283,351

190,675 1,016,420
875,358
162,685
757,292
141,848

97,000
23,417
56,200
54,117
25,600

Total salary 
and fees 
£

418,500
357,000
311,375

97,000
56,200
56,200
51,200

–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–

97,000
23,417
56,200
54,117
25,600

Taxable 
benefits	
£

26,168
31,226
20,718

–
–
–
–

Annual 
bonus 
£

Long-term 
incentives 
£

Total 
£

188,325
160,650
140,119

288,522
246,172
214,623

921,515
795,048
686,835

–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–

97,000
56,200
56,200
51,200

For an internal Executive Director appointment, any variable pay 
element awarded in respect of the prior role may be allowed to 
pay out according to its original terms.

For external and internal appointments, the Committee may 
agree that the Company will meet certain relocation and/or 
incidental expenses as appropriate.

The fee structure for Non-Executive Director appointments will 
be based on the Non-Executive Director fee policy as set out in 
the policy table.

Service Contracts and Approach to Leavers
The Company’s policy is for Executive Directors to have service 
contracts which may be terminated with no more than 12 
months’ notice from either party. The Executive Directors’  
service contracts are available for inspection by shareholders at 
the Company’s registered office.

No Executive Director has the benefit of provisions in their  
service contract for the payment of pre-determined  
compensation in the event of termination of employment. It is 
the Committee’s policy that the service contracts of Executive 
Directors will provide for termination of employment by giving 
notice or by making a payment of an amount equal to basic  
salary in lieu of the notice period. It is the Committee’s policy 
that no Executive Director should be entitled to a notice period 
or payment on termination of employment in excess of the  
levels set out in his or her service contract. Incidental expenses 
may also be payable, if appropriate.

Annual bonus may be payable with respect to the period of the 
financial year served, although it will be pro-rated for time and 
paid at the normal payout date. Any share-based entitlements 
granted to an Executive Director under the Company’s share 
plans will be determined based on the relevant plan rules. In 
certain circumstances, such as death, ill health, disability,  
retirement or other circumstances at the discretion of the  
Committee, ‘good leaver’ status may be applied. For good  
leavers, awards will normally vest at the normal vesting date, 
subject to the satisfaction of the relevant performance  
conditions at that time and reduced pro-rata to reflect the  
proportion of the vesting period actually served. Awards subject 
to a holding period will normally be released following  
completion of the holding period.  Under the plan rules, the  
Remuneration Committee has overarching discretion to 
determine that awards vest at cessation of employment and/
or to disapply the time pro-rating requirement if it considers it 
appropriate to do so.

In relation to a termination of employment, the Committee may 
make payments in relation to any statutory entitlements or  
payments to settle compromise claims as necessary. The  
Committee also retains the discretion to reimburse reasonable 
legal expenses incurred in relation to a termination of  
employment and to meet any transitional costs if deemed  
necessary. Payment may also be made in respect of accrued  
benefits, including untaken holiday entitlement.

50

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

51

Annual Report on Remuneration continued

The	figures	in	the	single	total	figure	remuneration	table	are	derived	from	the	following:

Total salary and fees

The amount of salary and fees received in the year.

Taxable	benefits

Annual bonus

The	taxable	value	of	benefits	received	in	the	year.	These	are	a	car	or	car	allowance	and	private	
medical insurance.

The	2021	annual	bonus	was	subject	to	underlying	profit	before	tax	targets	(two-thirds	of	bonus)	
alongside a scorecard of strategic objectives closely aligned with the KPIs of the business 
(one-third of bonus).

The		actual	performance	of	£8.8m	underlying	operating	profit	resulted	in	52%	of	maximum	for	
this element being payable. 

The	measures	selected	for	strategic	objectives	reflect	a	range	of	key	financial	and	operational	
goals which support the Company’s strategic objectives. The respective targets have not been 
disclosed as they are considered by the Board to be commercially sensitive. Performance 
against strategic objectives resulted in 78% of maximum for this element being payable.

Overall this resulted in a bonus of 91% of salary (maximum 150%) for Mark Lawrence,  
Mike Crowder and Trevor Mitchell being payable. 

The value of LTIP awards that vest in respect of a performance period that is completed by  
the	end	of	the	relevant	financial	year.	For	2021	this	includes	the	2019	Conditional	shares	
awards which will vest in full on 24th April 2022. The value is based on the 3-month average 
share price ending 31 December 2021 of 159.77p The performance conditions are detailed on 
page 52. EPS growth over the three-year period to 31st December 2021 was 14%. The 2020 
numbers	have	been	updated	to	reflect	the	actual	exercise	price	on	25th	April	2021.

Long-term incentives

Pension-related	benefits

The	Directors	received	no	pension	benefits	in	2021	(2020:	nil).

Directors’ Interests and Minimum Shareholding Requirement (‘MSR’) (Audited)
Directors’ interests in the issued share capital of TClarke plc are set out below. There is a current MSR for the Executive Directors 
whereby each Executive Director is required to build and maintain a holding of 100,000 shares in TClarke plc. For Non-Executive 
Directors,	the	MSR	requirement	is	2,000	shares	in	TClarke	plc	as	defined	in	the	Company’s	Articles	of	Association.

The	beneficial	interests	of	Directors	in	the	Ordinary	share	capital	of	TClarke	plc	at	31st	December	2021	and	31st	December	2020	were:

Mark Lawrence
Mike Crowder
Trevor Mitchell
Iain McCusker
Peter Maskell
Louise Dier
Jonathan Hook

At  
31st December 2021  
10p Ordinary shares

At  
31st December 2020  
10p Ordinary shares

Outstanding 
conditional 
share awards1

Outstanding  
options held  
under SAYE

MSR achieved at  

31st December 2021

331,285
298,681
227,624
2,000
41,500
2,000
20,000

217,834
201,177
142,000
2,000
41,500
2,000
–

870,097
742,252
647,313
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

1  The outstanding conditional share awards are subject to performance conditions.

There have been no changes to Directors’ interests since 31st December 2021.

The Directors’ interests over shares as a result of their participation in the TClarke Equity Incentive Plan (‘EIP’) are as follows:

Award date

01/01/2021 
Number

Granted

Exercised

Lapsed

31/12/2021 
Number

Earliest date 
of exercise

Date of 
expiry

Mark Lawrence
Conditional shares
Conditional shares
Conditional shares
Conditional shares

Mike Crowder
Conditional shares
Conditional shares
Conditional shares
Conditional shares

Trevor Mitchell
Conditional shares
Conditional shares
Conditional shares
Conditional shares

25/04/2018
24/04/2019
01/05/2020
28/04/2021

25/04/2018
24/04/2019
01/05/2020
28/04/2021

25/04/2018
24/04/2019
01/05/2020
28/04/2021

181,588
119,344
439,601
–

154,934
101,825
375,000
–

135,078
88,783
327,025
–

–
–
–
311,152

(181,588)
–
–
–

–
–
–
265,427

(154,934)
–
–
–

–
–
–
231,505

(135,078)
–

–

–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–

–
–

–

0
119,344
439,601
311,152

0
101,825
375,000
265,427

0
88,783
327,025
231,505

25/04/2021 25/04/2028
24/04/2022 24/04/2029
01/05/2023 01/05/2030
28/04/2024 28/04/2031

25/04/2021 25/04/2028
24/04/2022 24/04/2029
01/05/2023 01/05/2030
28/04/2024 28/04/2031

25/04/2021 25/04/2028
24/04/2022 24/04/2029
01/05/2023 01/05/2030
28/04/2024 28/04/2031

52

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

53

Annual Report on Remuneration continued

The conditional share awards and options will vest subject to continued employment with the Group and satisfaction of the following 
performance conditions over a three-year period ending 31st December preceding the earliest vesting date.
For the 2019 and 50% of the 2020 and 2021 awards, the following performance conditions apply:

Annual growth rate in underlying EPS above RPI1

Proportion of award vesting

Less than 3%
3%
Between 3% and 10%
Above 10%

Nil
25%
Between 25% and 100% on a straight-line basis
100%

1  The base point is based on average underlying EPS for the three years ending with the year preceding date of grant.

The remaining 50% of the 2020 award performance conditions relate to the actions taken by the Executive Directors to enable TClarke 
to	increase	retained	reserves	for	the	year	ended	31	December	2020	(excluding	any	impact	from	Pension	Deficit	Movements).	The	
Remuneration	Committee	assessed	that	the	performance	condition	had	been	met	as	the	2020	profit	after	tax	was	£1.2m.	For	the	
shares to vest the Company must not breach any banking covenants for the remainder of the three year period.

The remaining 50% of the 2021 award performance conditions are as follows

Annual growth rate in underlying EPS above RPI1

Proportion of award vesting

Less than 20%
Between 20% and 30%
Above 30%

Nil
Between nil and 100% on a sliding scale
100%

The Directors’ interests in the TClarke Savings Related Share Option Scheme (‘SAYE Scheme’) are as follows:

Mark Lawrence

Mike Crowder

Trevor Mitchell

Award date

01/01/2021 
Number

24/10/2018

              4,807

24/10/2018

              4,807

24/10/2018

              4,807

   Granted 

  Lapsed 

Exercised 

–

–

–

–

–

–

 (4,807)

 (4,807)

 (4,807)

31/12/2021 
Number

–

–

–

External Appointments
Mark Lawrence and Mike Crowder do not hold any external appointments. Trevor Mitchell is an Executive Director of It’s Purely 
Financial Limited.

Pensions
At 31 December 2021 none of the Directors were members of the Company pension scheme. (2020: None)

Performance Graph
The graph below shows the total shareholder return that would have been obtained over the past ten years by investing £100 in shares 
of TClarke plc on 31st December 2011 and £100 in a notional investment in the FTSE All-Share Index and the FTSE All-Share 
Construction & Materials Index on the same date. In all cases it has been assumed that all income has been reinvested. The FTSE 
All-Share Index and the FTSE All-Share Construction & Materials Index are considered to be the most appropriate broad equity indices 
to use as a comparison because the Company is a constituent of both.

Shareholder Return 2012–2021

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

January
2012

January
2013

January
2014

January
2015

January
2016

January
2017

January
2018

January
2019

January
2020

January
2021

TClarke plc

FTSE All-Share

FTSE AIM All-Share / Construction and Materials – SS

FTSE All-Share / Construction and Materials – SEC

Total Remuneration (Audited)
The	total	remuneration	figures	for	the	Group	Chief	Executive	Officer	during	each	of	the	last	ten	financial	years	are	shown	in	the	table	
below.	The	total	remuneration	figure	includes	the	annual	bonus	based	on	that	year’s	performance	and	LTIP	awards	based	on	three-year	
performance periods ending in the relevant year. The annual bonus payout and LTIP vesting level as a percentage of the maximum 
opportunity are also shown for each of these years.

Total remuneration (£000s)
Annual bonus (%)
LTIP vesting (%)

2012

266
0%
0%

2013

308
9%
0%

2014

300
0%
0%

2015

436
24%
0%

2016

567
32%
0%

2017

875
69%
100%

2018

1,056
100%
100%

2019

1,137
78%
100%

2020

922
30%
100%

2021

1,016
61%
100%

Ratio of Chief Executive’s Remuneration Relative to all UK Employees
The	table	below	shows	the	ratio	of	the	Group	Chief	Executive	Officer’s	single	total	figure	of	remuneration	compared	to	all	UK	
employees at the 25th percentile, median and 75th percentile. The method used for the calculation is Option C. Three employees 
were	identified	at	each	percentile	from	the	list	of	all	full	time	employees	in	the	UK.	The	report	will	build	up	over	time	to	show	a	ten	year
period on each year accompanied by narrative to explain any movements.

2021

2020

Remuneration (£)  

Pay Ratio  

Remuneration (£)  

Pay Ratio 

Group Chief	Executive	Officer	

1,016,420 

25th Percentile 

Median 

75th Percentile 

32,984 

46,465 

61,443 

31:1 

22:1 

17:1 

921,515

30,710 

41,662 

57,975 

30:1

22:1

16:1

	
 
 
54

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

55

Annual Report on Remuneration continued

Percentage Change in Chief Executive’s Remuneration
The	table	below	shows	the	percentage	change	in	the	Group	Chief	Executive	Officer’s	salary,	benefits	and	annual	bonus	between	the	
financial	year	ended	31st	December	2020	and	31st	December	2021,	compared	with	that	of	the	total	amounts	for	all	UK	employees	of	
the Group for each of these elements of pay

Statement of Voting at Annual General Meeting
The Company remains committed to ongoing shareholder dialogue and takes a keen interest in voting outcomes. The following table 
sets out voting outcomes in respect of the resolutions relating to approving Directors’ remuneration matters at the Company’s AGM on 
5th May 2021:

Salary:
Group	Chief	Executive	Officer
UK employee average
Benefits:
Group	Chief	Executive	Officer
UK employee average
Annual bonus:
Group	Chief	Executive	Officer
UK employee average
Average number of UK employees

2021 
£k

2020 
£k

Change

418.5
48.7

26.4
2.2

380.8
1.5
1,204

418.5
44.6

26.2
2.0

188.3
1.9
1,294

0%
9%

1%
10%

102%
-22%

Relative Importance of Spend on Pay (Audited)
The following table illustrates the year-on-year change in total remuneration for all employees in the Group relative to dividends and 
total operating expenses. Total operating expenses comprise cost of sales and administrative expenses before amortisation of 
intangible assets and other non-underlying costs.

Staff costs
Dividends
Total operating expenses

2021 
£m

76.3
1.9
318.3

2020 
£m

72.0
1.9
225.9

Service Contracts and Letters of Appointment
All Executive Directors have 12-month notice periods from the Company (and 12 months from the Executive Director) in accordance 
with their service agreements.

Non-Executive Directors have letters of appointment which include initial terms of three years.

Consideration by the Directors of Matters Relating to Directors’ Remuneration
The Company’s approach to the Chairman’s and Executive Directors’ remuneration is determined by the Board on the advice of the 
Remuneration Committee.

During the year, the Remuneration Committee comprised Peter Maskell (Chair), Iain McCusker, Mike Robson (until 5 May 2021)  
Louise Dier and Jonathan Hook (from 1 July 2021). Biographical information on the Committee members and details of attendance at 
the Remuneration Committee’s meetings during the year are set out on pages 31 and 34 respectively.

The Remuneration Committee has access to independent advice where appropriate. The Committee appointed Mercer Limited 
(‘Mercer’) in August 2019 to provide independent advice on remuneration matters. Mercer is a member of the Remuneration  
Consultants Group and operates voluntarily under the Group’s code which sets out the scope and conduct of the role of executive 
remuneration consultants when advising UK listed companies. Mercer does not undertake any other work for the Company, and the 
Committee	is	satisfied	that	the	advice	provided	by	Mercer	was	objective	and	independent.

The	Committee	also	receives	input	from	the	Group	Chief	Executive	Officer	and	advice	from	the	Company	Secretary.	No	individuals	are	
present when their own remuneration is being discussed.

Resolution

Votes for/
discretionary

% of vote

Votes  
against

Approval of Directors’ remuneration report

10,444,274

97.34%

285,876

% of vote

2.66%

Votes 
withheld

25,506

Implementation of the Remuneration Policy for the year ending 31st December 2022
A summary of how the Directors’ Remuneration Policy will be applied during the year ending 31st December 2022 is set out below.

Mark Lawrence

Mike Crowder

Trevor Mitchell

2022 
Basic salary

£440,000
£440,000
£440,000

£375,000
£375,000
£375,000

£330,000
£330,000
£330,000

Other*

Total

  £28,910
£534,910
£1,128,910

£33,303
£464,533
£970,803

£21,218
£400,718
£846,218

£468,910
£974,910
£1,568,910

£408,303
£839,553
£1,345,803

£351,218
£730,718
£1,176,218

2021 
Basic salary

Other*

Total

£444,628
£26,128
£418,500
£418,500
£925,943
£507,443
£418,500 £1,072,418 £1,490,918

£357,000
£357,000
£357,000

£311,375
£311,375
£311,375

£388,226
£31,226
£798,776
£441,776
£923,726 £1,280,726

£332,093
£20,718
£378,799
£690,174
£799,155 £1,110,530

Minimum
Target
Maximum

Minimum
Target
Maximum

Minimum
Target
Maximum

*	 Other	for	2022	includes	benefits	at	Minimum	level;	at	target	level	includes	benefits	plus	bonus	payout	of	60%	of	maximum	and	LTIP	threshold	vesting	at	25%	of	maximum	award	

in	normal	circumstances.	Maximum	level	includes	benefits	plus	full	payout	of	bonus	and	LTIP	at	Maximum	level.

Basic Salary
Salaries of Executive Directors are shown in the table above:

Pension Arrangements
None	of	the	current	Executive	Directors	receive	any	pension	benefit	from	the	Company.

Annual Bonus
The maximum bonus potential for the year ending 31st December 2022 is 150% of salary for all the Executive Directors.

Awards	are	determined	based	on	a	combination	of	both	the	Group’s	financial	results,	being	growth	in	Group	profit	before	tax	
(two-thirds of overall bonus) and strategic targets (one-third of overall bonus) being met.

Maximum	bonus	will	only	be	payable	when	both	the	financial	results	of	the	Group	have	significantly	exceeded	expectations	and	all	
strategic targets have been met.

The	measures	have	been	selected	to	reflect	a	range	of	key	financial	and	operational	goals	which	support	the	Company’s	Growth	Plan	
and ESG initiative. The respective targets have not been disclosed as they are considered by the Board to be commercially sensitive. 

The Executive Directors’ performance will be assessed individually by the Committee against the measures and targets, relying on 
audited information where appropriate, and having regard to the value which has been created for shareholders.

  
56

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Governance

57

Annual Report on Remuneration continued

Directors‘ Report

Long-term Incentives (Audited)
Consistent with past awards, LTIP awards that will be granted in 2021 will vest subject to continued employment with the Group and 
satisfaction of the following performance conditions over a three-year period ending on 31st December 2023.

The Directors’ report should be read in conjunction with the Strategic report on pages 1 to 30 and the Corporate Governance report 
on pages 31 to 60, both of which form part of this Directors’ report. The Directors’ report comprises sections of the Annual Report 
incorporated by reference as set out below which, taken together, contain the information to be included in the Annual Report, where 
applicable, under Listing Rule 9.8.4.

Annual growth rate in underlying EPS above RPI1

Proportion of award vesting

Less than 3%
3%
Between 3% and 10%
Above 10%

Nil
25%
Between 25% and 100% on a straight-line basis
100%

1  Base point from which performance is measured is based on average underlying EPS for the three years ended 31st December 2020.

Non-Executive Directors
The Company’s approach to Non-Executive Directors’ remuneration is set by the Board with account taken of the time and  
responsibility involved in each role. There were no fee increases in 2021. Fees are shown below:

Non-Executive  
Directors 

Iain McCusker 
Peter Maskell 
Louise Dier 
Jonathan Hook 
Mike Robson 

Position 

Chairman 
Remuneration Committee Chair 
Audit Committee Chair (from 5 May 2021) 
Independent Director 
Audit Committee Chair (to 5 May 2021) 

2022 
base fee 
£102,000  
£53,750  
£53,750 
£53,750 
– 

Committee 
fee 

£0 
£5,000 
£5,000 
£0 
– 

2021 
  base fee 

  £97,000 
  £51,200 
  £51,200 
  £26,200 
  £21,333 

Committee  
fee  

£0  
£5,000  
£2,917  

£0
£2,083

On behalf of the Board

Peter Maskell
Chair of the Remuneration Committee
8th March 2022

Board membership
Dividends
Directors’ long-term incentives
Corporate Governance report
Engagement with employees
Engagement with stakeholders
Future developments of the business of the Group
Employee equality, diversity and involvement
Carbon emissions
Statement	of	Directors’	responsibilities	in	respect	of	the	financial	statements
Financial risk management
Subsidiaries

Page 31
Page 9
Pages 41 to 56
Pages 51 to 60
Pages 21 to 26
Pages 21 to 26 
Pages 2 to 8
Pages 21 to 25
Page 20
Page 60
Pages 102 to 104
Page 108

Directors
The	directors	who	held	office	during	the	year	and	up	to	the	date	of	signing	these	financial	statements	were	as	follows:

Name

Iain McCusker
Mike Robson
Peter Maskell
Louise Dier
Jonathan Hook
Mark Lawrence
Mike Crowder
Trevor Mitchell

Appointment

Chairman
Independent Director (retired 5 May 2021)
Senior Independent Director
Independent Director
Independent Director (appointed 1 July 2021)
Group	Chief	Executive	Officer
Group Managing Director
Group Finance Director

Brief	biographies	of	current	serving	Directors,	indicating	their	experience	and	qualifications,	can	be	found	on	page	31.

In line with the UK Corporate Governance Code, all the Directors shall be subject to annual election or re-election at the forthcoming 
Annual General Meeting (‘AGM’) on 11th May 2022.

Powers of Directors
The powers of the Directors are determined by the Company’s Articles of Association, the Companies Act 2006 and the directions 
given by the Company by resolutions passed in general meetings. The Directors are authorised by the Articles of Association to issue 
and allot Ordinary shares, to disapply statutory pre-emption rights and to make market purchases of the Company’s shares. The 
Directors currently have shareholder approval for the issue of Ordinary share capital up to a maximum amount of £1,434,941 and for 
the buyback of Ordinary shares up to a maximum aggregate of 10% of the issued Ordinary share capital. The Directors will be seeking 
to renew their authorities at the forthcoming AGM.

Going Concern
In	determining	the	appropriate	basis	of	preparation	of	the	financial	statements,	the	directors	are	required	to	consider	whether	the	Group	
and Company can continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.

As at 31 December 2021 the Group held cash of £20.3m (2020: £25.2m) and had drawn down short-term borrowings of £15m under a 
revolving credit facility. This resulted in net cash of £5.3m (2020: £10.2m). The Group also has access to a £10.0m overdraft facility. No 
balances were drawn down under the overdraft facility at either 31st December 2021 or 2020. 

The Group uses the above banking facilities as and when required to meet working capital requirements. The revolving credit facility 
expires on 31st August 2024. The overdraft facility is subject to annual review with any amounts borrowed repayable on demand. The 
Directors	have	received	confirmation	from	the	bank	that	they	know	of	no	reason	why	the	overdraft	facility	will	not	be	renewed	when	it	falls
due for review.  

The Directors have reviewed the Group’s forecasts and projections for the next three year period. The model assumes delivery of the 
2022-24 Group Business Plan, and that the banking facilities will remain in place throughout the projection period. The projections show 
that	the	Group	will	remain	profitable,	with	a	significant	amount	of	headroom	against	covenants	and	borrowing	limits.

 
 
	
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TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Directors‘ Report continued

Governance

59

Management have also produced sensitivity analysis to assess the Group’s resilience to more adverse outcomes which could arise from 
one	of	the	principal	risks	to	the	business	(discussed	on	pages	26	to	29),	including	a	scenario	whereby	revenue	and	profitability	remain	at
current	levels	and	a	severe	but	plausible	scenario	whereby	profitability	drops	by	50%.	Management	have	also	produced	an	upside	
scenario which factors in an additional £100m revenue per annun to consider the impact on working capital requirements. In all scenarios, 
including	the	reasonable	worst	case,	the	Group	is	able	to	comply	with	its	financial	covenants,	operate	within	its	current	facilities,	and	meet
its liabilities as they fall due.

Accordingly,	the	directors	consider	there	to	be	no	uncertainties	that	may	cast	significant	doubt	on	the	Group’s	ability	to	continue	to	
operate as a going concern. They have formed a judgement that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group and Company have 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being at least 12 months from the date of signing of 
these	financial	statements.	For	this	reason,	they	continue	to	adopt	the	going	concern	basis	in	the	preparation	of	these	financial	statements.

Qualifying Third Party Indemnities
The Articles of Association of the Company entitle the Directors, 
to the extent permitted by the Companies Act 2006 and other 
applicable	legislation,	to	be	indemnified	out	of	the	assets	of	the	
Company in the event that they suffer any expenses in  
connection with certain proceedings relating to the execution  
of their duties as Directors of the Company.

In addition, the Company has in place insurance in favour of its 
Directors	and	officers	in	respect	of	certain	losses	or	liabilities	to	
which	they	may	be	exposed	due	to	their	office	up	to	a	limit	of	
£10m. The insurance was in force throughout the year.

Annual General Meeting (‘AGM’)
The AGM of the Company will be held at the 200 Aldersgate,  
St Pauls London EC1A 4HD at 10am on Wednesday  
11th May 2022.

The Notice convening the AGM, together with details of the 
special business to be considered and explanatory notes for 
each resolution, is contained in a separate circular sent to 
shareholders. It is also available to be viewed on the  
Company’s website.

Approved by the Directors and signed by order of the Board.

Trevor Mitchell
Company Secretary
8th March 2022

TClarke plc is registered in England No. 00119351.

Research and Development
The Group undertakes research and development activity in 
creating innovative design and construction solutions integral to 
the delivery of its projects. The direct expenditure incurred is not 
separately	identifiable	as	the	investment	is	usually	contained	
within the relevant project.

Political Contributions
No contributions were made to any political parties during the 
current or preceding year.

Events After the Balance Sheet Date
On 11th February 2022 the Group entered into a lease for our 
forthcoming move to 30 St Mary Axe. This will be accounted for 
in the 2022 Financial Statements whereby a right of use asset 
and corresponding lease liability for c.£3m will be included in the 
Statement of Financial Position.

Independent Auditors
A resolution is proposed at the AGM for the reappointment of 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as independent auditors of the 
Company at a rate of remuneration to be determined by the 
Audit Committee.

Share Capital
The Company’s share capital consists of Ordinary shares with a nominal value of 10p each. The issued share capital as at 31 December 
2021 was £4,388,286 consisting of 43,882,861 Ordinary shares of 10p each. The Company’s issued Ordinary shares are fully paid and 
rank equally in all respects. There are no restrictions on the size of a holding nor on the transfer of Ordinary shares in the Company or 
on the exercise of voting rights attached to them, save that:
•  certain restrictions may from time to time be imposed by laws and regulations (for example, insider trading laws and market 
•

requirements relating to close periods); and

•  pursuant to the Listing Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority, whereby certain employees of the Company require the approval  
•

of the Company to deal in the Company’s shares.

Further	details	on	share	capital	are	shown	in	note	18	to	the	financial	statements.

Substantial Shareholdings
As at 31 December 2021 the following information has been disclosed to the Company under the FCA’s Disclosure Guidance and 
Transparency	Rules	(’DTR	5’),	in	respect	of	notifiable	interests	in	the	voting	rights	in	the	Company’s	issued	share	capital:

Name of holder
Regent Gas Holdings Limited
Interactive Investor
Hargreaves Lansdown, stockbrokers
Heritage Capital Management
Barclays Smart Investor

Total voting 
rights 1

7,406,624
4,738,506
3,670,918
2,510,000
2,301,054

% of voting  

voting rights 2

16.88%
10.80%
8.37%
5.72%
5.24%

1  Total voting rights attaching to the ordinary shares at the Company at the time of disclosure to the Company.

2  Percentage of total voting rights at the date of disclosure to the Company.

As	at	8th	March	2022,	the	Company	had	not	been	notified	of	any	changes	to	major	shareholdings.

Significant Agreements – Change of Control
The	Directors	are	not	aware	of	any	significant	agreements	that	take	effect,	alter	or	terminate	upon	a	change	of	control	of	the	Company	
following a takeover bid.

The Company has an Equity Incentive Plan (‘EIP’) in place for Directors and senior management, and an employee share save scheme 
in place which is available to all employees. The rules of the EIP provide that awards made under the EIP may vest on a change of 
control of the Company, at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee. The rules of the Savings Related Share Option Scheme 
provide that in the event of a change of control, outstanding options may be exchanged or replaced with similar options on the same 
terms.	Further	details	on	employee	share	schemes	are	disclosed	in	note	18	to	the	financial	statements.

There are no other known agreements between the Company and its Directors or employees providing for compensation for loss of 
office	or	employment	that	occurs	because	of	a	takeover	bid.

Significant Interests
Save for interests in service agreements, none of which extend beyond 12 calendar months, the Directors have no material interest in 
any	contract	of	significance	that	would	have	required	disclosure	under	the	continuing	obligations	of	the	Financial	Conduct	Authority	
Listing	Rules,	nor	have	they	any	beneficial	interest	in	the	issued	share	capital	of	the	subsidiary	companies.

	
	
 
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61

Statement of Directors‘ Responsibilities in Respect of the  
Financial Statements

Independent Auditors‘ Report to the Members of TClarke PLC
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report 
and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law 
and regulation.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial  
statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors 
have prepared the Group financial statements in accordance 
with UK-adopted international accounting standards and the 
Company financial statements in accordance with United  
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United 
Kingdom Accounting Standards, comprising FRS 101 “Reduced 
Disclosure Framework”, and applicable law).

Under company law, Directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of 
the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing the 
financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them  
  consistently;
•  state whether applicable UK-adopted international  
  accounting standards have been followed for the Group  
financial statements and United Kingdom Accounting  

  Standards, comprising FRS 101 have been followed for the 
  Company financial statements, subject to any material  
  departures disclosed and explained in the financial  
  statements;
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are  

reasonable and prudent; and

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis  
  unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group and  
  Company will continue in business.

The Directors are responsible for safeguarding the assets of the 
Group and Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for 
the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The Directors are also responsible for keeping adequate 
accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the 
Group’s and Company’s transactions and disclose with  
reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the 
Group and Company and enable them to ensure that the  
financial statements and the Directors’ Remuneration Report 
comply with the Companies Act 2006.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and  
integrity of the company’s website. Legislation in the United 
Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of  
financial statements may differ from legislation in other  
jurisdictions.

Directors’ confirmations 
The Directors consider that the annual report and accounts,  
taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and 
provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess 
the Group’s and company’s position and performance, business 
model and strategy.

Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are listed in 
Directors’ report confirm that, to the best of their knowledge:

Opinion
In our opinion:

•  the Group financial statements, which have been prepared in 
  accordance with UK-adopted international accounting  
  standards, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities,  

financial position and profit of the Group;

•  the Company financial statements, which have been prepared 
in accordance with United Kingdom Accounting Standards, 
  comprising FRS 101, give a true and fair view of the assets, 

liabilities and financial position of the Company; and

•  the Annual Report and Financial Statements includes a fair 

review of the development and performance of the business  
  and the position of the Group and Company, together with a  
  description of the principal risks and uncertainties that it faces.

In the case of each Director in office at the date the Directors’ 
report is approved:

•  so far as the Director is aware, there is no relevant audit  

information of which the Group’s and Company’s auditors are  

  unaware; and
•  they have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as 
  a Director in order to make themselves aware of any relevant  
  audit information and to establish that the Group’s and  
  Company’s auditors are aware of that information

On behalf of the Board

Trevor Mitchell
Group Finance Director

Iain McCusker
Chairman 

8th March 2022

TClarke plc
Registered number: 00119351

•  TClarke Plc’s Group financial statements and Company  

financial statements (the “financial statements”) give a true  
  and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Company’s  
  affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of the Group’s profit and  

the Group’s cash flows for the year then ended;

•  the Group financial statements have been properly prepared  
in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting  

  standards;
•  the Company financial statements have been properly  
  prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally  
  Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting  
  Standards, comprising FRS 101 “Reduced Disclosure  
  Framework”, and applicable law); and
•  the financial statements have been prepared in accordance  
  with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

We have audited the financial statements, included within the 
Annual Report and Financial Statements, which comprise: the 
Consolidated and Company Statements of Financial Position as at 
31 December 2021; the Consolidated Income Statement, the  
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the  
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, and the Consolidated 
and Company Statements of Changes in Equity for the year then 
ended; and the notes to the financial statements, which include a 
description of the significant accounting policies.

Our opinion is consistent with our reporting to the Audit  
Committee.

Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with International 
Standards on Auditing (UK) (“ISAs (UK)”) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under ISAs (UK) are further described in the 
Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
section of our report. We believe that the audit evidence we 
have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion.

Independence 
We remained independent of the Group in accordance with 
the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the 
financial statements in the UK, which includes the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard, as applicable to listed public interest entities, and we 
have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. 

To the best of our knowledge and belief, we declare that 
non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were 
not provided. 

Other than those disclosed in Note 7 (Operating Profit), we have 
provided no non-audit services to the Company in the period 
under audit.

Our audit approach

Context
As part of our audit we performed enquiries of management 
about their assessment of the climate change risks facing the 
business, their potential impact and the Company’s  
preparedness to respond to these. We performed a risk  
assessment and did not identify any additional climate change 
specific risks for the audit.

Overview
Audit Scope
• Our audit covered the audit of all the significant components  
  in TClarke PLC, namely, TClarke Contracting Limited (the  
  main external trading entity), Weylex Properties Limited (which  
  holds the Group’s properties) and TClarke Services Limited  
  (where the defined benefit pension is held). All work was  
  completed by the Group audit team. The above accounted  
  for 100% of the Group’s revenue and profit before tax.

Key Audit Matters
• Revenue recognition and long-term contract accounting in  
  respect of construction contracts (Group)

Materiality
• Overall group materiality: £1,635,000 (2020: £1,483,000)  
  based on 0.5% of revenue. (2020: 0.5% of average revenue for  
  the last five years).
• Overall company materiality: £634,000 (2020: £625,000)  
  based on 1% of total assets. (2020: 0.9% of total assets).
• Performance materiality: £1,226,250 (2020: £1,112,250)   
  (Group) and £515,000 (2020: £469,000) (Company).

The scope of our audit
As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and 
assessed the risks of material misstatement in the financial 
statements.

Key audit matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in the auditors’  
professional judgement, were of most significance in the audit 
of the financial statements of the current period and include the 
most significant assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) identified by the auditors,  
including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall 
audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and  
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters, 
and any comments we make on the results of our procedures 
thereon, were addressed in the context of our audit of the  
financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion 
thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on  
these matters. 

This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit. 

Impact of Covid-19 and Goodwill and intangibles impairment 
assessment, which were key audit matters last year, are no 
longer included because of the impact of Covid-19 being  
reduced in the current year and Goodwill and intangibles  
impairment being reduced from a significant risk in the prior 
year to a normal risk in the current year. Otherwise, the key  
audit matters below are consistent with last year.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Independent Auditors‘ Report to the Members of TClarke PLC continued 
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

Key audit matter

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

Revenue recognition and long-term contract accounting  
in respect of construction contracts (Group)

Refer to Note 3 (Significant accounting policies), Note 4  
(Significant judgements and sources of estimation  
uncertainty), Note 5 (Segment information) and Note 15  
(Construction Contracts). Total revenue equalled £327.1m for the 
year ended 31 December 2021 (2020: £231.9m), with contract 
assets and contract liabilities of £51.7m and £2.9m  
respectively. We focused on the revenue and profit recognised  
on long term contracts because they result in material balances, 
involve judgements and can be complex. IFRS 15 requires  
revenue to be recognised over the course of the contract by  
selecting an appropriate method for measuring the entity’s  
progress towards complete satisfaction of that performance  
obligation. If a project is, or is forecast to be, loss making, it 
requires the full loss to be recognised immediately. 

Risk of fraud in revenue recognition and complexities in revenue 
and profit recognition, on long term contracts, are deemed  
significant risks. This is due to the complexity involved with long 
term contract accounting and the risk of the company front  
loading the revenue of the contract and not recognising revenue 
on a cost to complete basis over the contract duration.

Percentage completion of contracts is calculated based on the 
amount of costs incurred to date compared with the total  
expected costs to be incurred on the project, except where this 
would not be representative of the stage of completion. Forecast 
end of life costs are inherently subjective and could be  
manipulated by management to impact the revenue and profit 
recognised. Testing percentage completion enables us to  
determine the appropriateness of revenue recognition
.  

We obtained an understanding of management’s own  
processes and controls for reviewing long-term contracts through 
the following:  

•  We performed a walkthrough of the revenue and receivables  
  process; and
•  We attended a Cost Review Meeting and performed a site  
  visit for one of the large contracts.  

We obtained an understanding of management’s ability to  
forecast by performing look-back procedures through a  
comparison of prior years’ expected total costs and margins to 
actual final total costs and margins or current year end total  
estimated costs and margins, investigating large fluctuations 
through discussions with management and obtaining supporting 
documentation to validate these explanations.  

We selected a sample of contracts to test, based on both  
quantitative and qualitative criteria including:

•  high levels of revenue recognised in the year;
•  low margin or loss-making contracts;
•  significant balance sheet exposure; and
•  other risky projects as identified by discussions with  
  management, review of prior year audit committee papers,  
review of board meeting minutes and review of publicly  

  available information.  

For our sample of contracts, we gained an understanding of  
the background of the projects, key judgements involved and 
obtained supporting documentation to corroborate these.  
We focused on the significant judgements adopted by  
management in relation to the revenue and margin recognition, 
and, in particular, judgements with respect to the percentage 
completion, as follows:

•  We held discussions with management to understand and  
  challenge areas of judgement taken;
•  We agreed forecast revenue to signed contracts, signed  
  variations or other supporting documentation and traced a  
  sample of variations to client issued certification/instructions  
  where appropriate; 
•  We agreed the most recent certification pre year end (or  
  certification post year end if received);
•  We agree the latest client certification and bank if cash has  
  been received; 
•  We reviewed support for significant claims and other  

judgmental positions; 

•  We compared revenue recognised with amounts certified by  
  clients post year end to assess the recoverability of balance  
  sheet items;
•  We re-performed the key calculations behind the margin   
  applied, the profit taken and the stage of completion, as well  
  as balance sheet exposure;
•  We evaluated forecast costs to complete through analytical  
  procedures, compared to prior forecast (where applicable)  
  and tested a sample of forecast costs to complete to  
  supporting calculations or third-party pricing documentation.

In addition to testing a sample of cost incurred to date on each 
project above, we tested cost of sales centrally by selecting a 
haphazard sample and performing the following:

•  We agreed to supporting documentation; and
•  We ensured the cost had been coded to the correct  
  contract code.
•  We performed a substantive analytic over payroll costs and  
  agreed a sample to payslip, payment and deduction support.  

In addition, for the remaining contract population we performed 
the following:

•  We reviewed the forecast margins and for those which had  
  moved significantly since tender and / or prior reporting  
  periods, we obtained explanations from management and  
  validated these through supporting documentation;
•  We target tested contracts with in year revenue above  
  performance materiality and haphazardly selected a sample of  

remaining contracts. Costs to come were agreed to  
  supporting documentation on a sample basis. Revenue  

recognised has been recalculated and compared to year  

  end certificates.

We performed testing over balance sheet exposure as follows:

•  We recalculated the contract asset/deferred revenue and  
  agreed to certification;
•  We obtained post year end cash receipts for Trade Receivable  
  balances to assess recoverability of outstanding balances;
•  We recalculated retentions and assessed recoverability of  

these balances.

Based on all the evidence obtained in the above procedures,  
we are satisfied that revenue and profit recognised by  
management is supportable. We also considered the adequacy  
of the disclosures in the financial statements in relation to  
contracts and the disclosures in respect of significant judgements 
and estimates.

Materiality
The scope of our audit was influenced by our application  
of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds for  
materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, 
helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the  
nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the  
individual financial statement line items and disclosures and 
in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually 
and in aggregate on the financial statements as a whole.

How we Tailored the Audit Scope
We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we  
performed enough work to be able to give an opinion on the 
financial statements as a whole, taking into account the  
structure of the Group and the Company, the accounting  
processes and controls, and the industry in which they operate. 

Our audit included all of the significant components in TClarke 
PLC, namely, TClarke Contracting Limited, (the main external 
trading entity), Weylex Properties Limited (which holds the 
Group’s properties) and TClarke Services Limited (where the 
defined benefit pension is held). The audit work relating to 
each of these components was performed by the Group audit 
team. These components account for 100% of the Group’s 
revenue and profit before tax. 

 
 
 
 
 
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Governance

65

Independent Auditors‘ Report to the Members of TClarke PLC continued 
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole as follows:

Financial statements - Group

Financial statements - Company

Overall materiality

£1,635,000 (2020: £1,483,000). 

£634,000 (2020: £625,000).  

How we  
determined it

0.5% of revenue (2020: 0.5% of average revenue for the last 
five years) 

1% of total assets (2020: 0.9% of  
total assets)

Rationale for 
benchmark applied

We used revenue as a basis for materiality as the Group’s 
profit margins have historically been low, consistent with the 
industry as a whole, and therefore revenue is used by the 
Group as a key performance indicator.  

We used total assets as a basis for  
materiality as the Company does not 
trade and we believe that total assets  
is therefore the most appropriate  
benchmark. 

For each component in the scope of our group audit, we  
allocated a materiality that is less than our overall group  
materiality. The range of materiality allocated across  
components was between £88,500 and £1,635,000.

We use performance materiality to reduce to an appropriately low 
level the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and  
undetected misstatements exceeds overall materiality. Specifically, 
we use performance materiality in determining the scope of our 
audit and the nature and extent of our testing of account balances, 
classes of transactions and disclosures, for example in determining 
sample sizes. Our performance materiality was 75% (2020: 75%) of 
overall materiality, amounting to £1,226,250 (2020: £1,112,250) for 
the Group financial statements and £515,000 (2020: £469,000) for 
the Company financial statements. 

In determining the performance materiality, we considered a 
number of factors - the history of misstatements, risk assessment 
and aggregation risk and the effectiveness of controls - and 
concluded that an amount at the upper end of our normal range 
was appropriate. 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to 
them misstatements identified during our audit above £81,750 
(Group audit) (2020: £74,150) and £31,700 (Company audit) 
(2020: £26,000) as well as misstatements below those amounts 
that, in our view, warranted reporting for qualitative reasons.

Conclusions relating to going concern
Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the Group’s 
and the Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going 
concern basis of accounting included:

•  assessing the inputs and underlying assumptions of the  
  base case going concern model prepared by management;
•  assessing the downside and upside scenarios which have been  
  used to sensitise the base case model, including consideration  
  of the underlying assumptions within each of these forecasts;
•  reviewing management’s analysis of both liquidity and  
  covenant compliance to ensure there is sufficient liquidity  
  and no forecast covenant breaches over the course of the  
  going concern period.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not  
identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant 
doubt on the Group’s and the Company’s ability to continue 
as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from 
when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that 
the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in 
the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. 

However, because not all future events or conditions can be 
predicted, this conclusion is not a guarantee as to the Group’s 
and the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

In relation to the directors’ reporting on how they have 
applied the UK Corporate Governance Code, we have 
nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to the 
directors’ statement in the financial statements about whether 
the directors considered it appropriate to adopt the going 
concern basis of accounting.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors 
with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report.

Reporting on other information
The other information comprises all of the information in the 
Annual Report other than the financial statements and our 
auditors’ report thereon. The directors are responsible for 
the other information, which includes reporting based on the 
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) 
recommendations. Our opinion on the financial statements 
does not cover the other information and, accordingly, we do 
not express an audit opinion or, except to the extent otherwise 
explicitly stated in this report, any form of assurance thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in  
doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially 

least twelve months from the date of approval of the financial  

  statements; 
•  The directors’ explanation as to their assessment of the  
  Group’s and Company’s prospects, the period this assessment  
  covers and why the period is appropriate; and
•  The directors’ statement as to whether they have a reasonable  
  expectation that the Company will be able to continue in  
  operation and meet its liabilities as they fall due over the  
  period of its assessment, including any related disclosures  
  drawing attention to any necessary qualifications or  
  assumptions.

Our review of the directors’ statement regarding the  
longer-term viability of the Group was substantially less in scope 
than an audit and only consisted of making inquiries and  
considering the directors’ process supporting their statement; 
checking that the statement is in alignment with the relevant 
provisions of the UK Corporate Governance Code; and  
considering whether the statement is consistent with the  
financial statements and our knowledge and understanding of 
the Group and Company and their environment obtained in  
the course of the audit.

In addition, based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, 
we have concluded that each of the following elements of the 
corporate governance statement is materially consistent with the 
financial statements and our knowledge obtained during  
the audit:

•  The directors’ statement that they consider the Annual  
  Report, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and  
  understandable, and provides the information necessary for  
the members to assess the Group’s and Company’s position,  

  performance, business model and strategy;
•  The section of the Annual Report that describes the review of 
   effectiveness of risk management and internal control  
  systems; and
•  The section of the Annual Report describing the work of the  
  Audit Committee.

We have nothing to report in respect of our responsibility to 
report when the directors’ statement relating to the Company’s 
compliance with the Code does not properly disclose a  
departure from a relevant provision of the Code specified under 
the Listing Rules for review by the auditors.

misstated. If we identify an apparent material inconsistency  
or material misstatement, we are required to perform  
procedures to conclude whether there is a material  
misstatement of the financial statements or a material  
misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work 
we have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to 
report that fact. We have nothing to report based on these 
responsibilities. 

With respect to the Strategic Report and Directors’ Report, 
we also considered whether the disclosures required by the 
UK Companies Act 2006 have been included. 

Based on our work undertaken in the course of the audit, the 
Companies Act 2006 requires us also to report certain  
opinions and matters as described below.

Strategic Report and Directors’ Report
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course 
of the audit, the information given in the Strategic Report and 
Directors’ Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 is 
consistent with the financial statements and has been prepared 
in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and 
Company and their environment obtained in the course of the 
audit, we did not identify any material misstatements in the 
Strategic Report and Directors’ Report.

Directors’ Remuneration
In our opinion, the part of the Annual Report on Remuneration 
to be audited has been properly prepared in accordance with 
the Companies Act 2006.

Corporate governance statement
The Listing Rules require us to review the directors’ statements 
in relation to going concern, longer-term viability and that part 
of the corporate governance statement relating to the  
Company’s compliance with the provisions of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code specified for our review. Our additional  
responsibilities with respect to the corporate governance  
statement as other information are described in the Reporting 
on other information section of this report. 

Based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, we have 
concluded that each of the following elements of the corporate 
governance statement, included within the Statement of  
Compliance is materially consistent with the financial statements 
and our knowledge obtained during the audit, and we have  
nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to: 

•  The directors’ confirmation that they have carried out a robust  
  assessment of the emerging and principal risks;
•  The disclosures in the Annual Report that describe those  
  principal risks, what procedures are in place to identify  
  emerging risks and an explanation of how these are being  
  managed or mitigated;
•  The directors’ statement in the financial statements about  
  whether they considered it appropriate to adopt the going  
  concern basis of accounting in preparing them, and their  

identification of any material uncertainties to the Group’s and  

  Company’s ability to continue to do so over a period of at  

 
 
 
 
66

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Governance

67

Independent Auditors‘ Report to the Members of TClarke PLC continued 
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements

•  Challenging assumptions and judgments made by  
  management in their significant accounting estimates, in  
  particular those that involve the assessment of future events,  
  which are inherently uncertain – the key estimates  
  determined in this respect are those relating to Revenue and  
  Margin, Impairment of Goodwill and Investments and  
  Retirement Benefit Obligations; and
•  Identifying and testing journal entries, in particular testing a 
  sample of journal entries posted with unusual account  
  combinations, such as those with unusual or unexpected  

journal postings to the income statement as well as testing  
journals posted by unexpected users or those which contain  

  unusual words.

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described 
above. We are less likely to become aware of instances of 
non-compliance with laws and regulations that are not closely 
related to events and transactions reflected in the financial  
statements. Also, the risk of not detecting a material  
misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not  
detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve  
deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery or intentional 
misrepresentations, or through collusion. 

Our audit testing might include testing complete populations of 
certain transactions and balances, possibly using data auditing 
techniques. However, it typically involves selecting a limited 
number of items for testing, rather than testing complete  
populations. We will often seek to target particular items for 
testing based on their size or risk characteristics. In other cases, 
we will use audit sampling to enable us to draw a conclusion 
about the population from which the sample is selected. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements is located on the FRC’s website at:  
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our auditors’ report.

Use of this report
This report, including the opinions, has been prepared for and 
only for the Company’s members as a body in accordance with 
Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and for no  
other purpose. We do not, in giving these opinions, accept 
or assume responsibility for any other purpose or to any other 
person to whom this report is shown or into whose hands it may 
come save where expressly agreed by our prior consent  
in writing.

Other required reporting

Companies Act 2006 exception reporting
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you 
if, in our opinion:

•  we have not obtained all the information and explanations we  

require for our audit; or

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the  
  Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been  

received from branches not visited by us; or

•  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law  
  are not made; or
•  the Company financial statements and the part of the Annual  
  Report on Remuneration to be audited are not in agreement  
  with the accounting records and returns.

We have no exceptions to report arising from this responsibility.

Appointment
Following the recommendation of the Audit Committee, we 
were appointed by the directors on 13 May 2011 to audit the 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2011  
and subsequent financial periods. There was a re-tender in 2020 
for the 31 December 2021 year end audit where we were  
reappointed, therefore, the period of total uninterrupted  
engagement is 11 years, covering the years ended 31  
December 2011 to 31 December 2021.

Other matter

In due course, as required by the Financial Conduct Authority 
Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rule 4.1.14R, these 
financial statements will form part of the ESEF-prepared annual 
financial report filed on the National Storage Mechanism of 
the Financial Conduct Authority in accordance with the ESEF 
Regulatory Technical Standard (‘ESEF RTS’). This auditors’ report 
provides no assurance over whether the annual financial report 
will be prepared using the single electronic format specified in 
the ESEF RTS. 

Andy Ward (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors 
London 
8 March 2022

Responsibilities for the financial statements and the audit

Responsibilities of the directors for the financial statements
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’  
Responsibilities in Respect of the Financial Statements, the directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in 
accordance with the applicable framework and for being satisfied 
that they give a true and fair view. The directors are also responsible 
for such internal control as they determine is necessary to enable 
the preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are  
responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Company’s ability 
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, 
matters related to going concern and using the going concern 
basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate 
the Group or the Company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the financial  
statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about  
whether the financial statements as a whole are free from  
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to 
issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable 
assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee 
that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always 
detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements 
can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if,  
individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on 
the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance 
with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with  
our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material  
misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The 
extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting  
irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below. 

Based on our understanding of the Group and industry, we 
identified that the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and 
regulations related to the Listing Rules, Pensions legislation, UK 
tax legislation, and the Health & Safety Executive legislation, and 
we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have 
a material effect on the financial statements. We also considered 
those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the  
financial statements such as the Companies Act 2006. We  
evaluated management’s incentives and opportunities for  
fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements (including the 
risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal risks 
were related to posting inappropriate journals to increase revenue 
or reduce expenditure, management bias in accounting estimates, 
and inappropriate allocation of costs between contracts. Audit 
procedures performed by the engagement team included:

•  Discussions with management in respect of known or  
  suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and  

regulation, fraud and site accidents;

•  Review of board minutes;
•  Evaluation of the operating effectiveness of management’s  
  key controls around the forecasting of costs and margin  
  estimation;

 
 
 
 
 
68

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

69

Consolidated Income Statement
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
As at 31st December 2021

Revenue
Cost of sales

Gross profit
Administrative expenses

Amortisation of intangible assets
Restructuring costs
Other administrative expenses

Total administrative expenses

Operating profit 
Finance costs

Profit before taxation
Taxation

Profit for the financial year

Earnings per share
Attributable to owners of TClarke plc

Basic
Diluted

Note

5

Underlying 
items
£m

327.1
(286.6)

40.5

7
7

7
6

9

–
–
(31.7)

(31.7) 

8.8
(1.0)

7.8
(1.5)

6.3

10
10

14.99p
13.91p

2021

Non-
underlying 
items
£m

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–
–

–
–

–

–
–

Total
£m

327.1
(286.6)

40.5

Underlying 
items
£m

231.9
(199.0)

32.9

–
–
(31.7)

(31.7) 

8.8
(1.0)

7.8
(1.5)

6.3

–
–
(26.9)

(26.9)

6.0
(0.9)

5.1
(0.8)

4.3

2020

Non-
underlying 
items
£m

–
–

–

(0.2)
(3.7)
–

(3.9)

(3.9)
–

(3.9)
0.8

(3.1)

Total
£m

231.9
(199.0)

32.9

(0.2)
(3.7)
(26.9)

(30.8)

2.1
(0.9)

1.2
–

1.2

14.99p
13.91p

10.29p
9.66p

(7.42)p
(6.97)p

2.87p
2.69p

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income/(expense)

Items that will not be reclassified to the income statement
Actuarial gain/(loss) on defined benefit pension scheme
Revaluation of minority shareholding equity investment
Deferred tax relating to items that will not be reclassified

Total other comprehensive income/(expense) for the year (net of tax)

Total comprehensive income/(expense) for the year

The notes on pages 72 to 104 form part of these financial statements.

2021
£m

6.3

5.6
–
0.4

6.0

12.3

2020
£m

1.2

(6.5)
(2.0)
1.7

(6.8)

(5.6)

Non-current assets
Intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Deferred tax assets
Trade and other receivables

Total non-current assets

Current assets
Inventories
Amounts due from customers under construction contracts
Trade and other receivables
Current tax receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Bank loans
Amounts due to customers under construction contracts
Trade and other payables
Obligations under leases

Total current liabilities

Net current assets

Non-current liabilities
Obligations under leases
Trade and other payables
Retirement benefit obligations

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Share capital
Share premium
Revaluation reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity

The notes on pages 72 to 104 form part of these financial statements.

Note(s)

11
12
13
16

14
15
16

19

20
15
17
23,25

23,25
17
22

18
18

2021
£m

25.3
7.5
6.4
4.9

44.1

0.4
51.7
52.5
0.2
20.3

125.1

169.2

(15.0)
(2.9)
(96.3)
(1.6)

(115.8)

9.3

(1.3)
(1.7)
(23.9)

(26.9)

(142.7)

26.5

4.4
4.2
0.7
17.2

26.5

2020
£m

25.3
8.0
6.2
3.6

43.1

0.4
41.7
34.5
0.7
25.2

102.5

145.6

(15.0)
(1.1)
(77.5)
(1.3)

(94.9)

7.6

(2.2)
(2.6)
(30.2)

(35.0)

(129.9)

15.7

4.3
3.8
0.8
6.8

15.7

The financial statements on pages 72 to 104 were approved by the Board of Directors on 8th March 2022 and were signed on its  
behalf by:

Iain McCusker  
Director   

Mark Lawrence
Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
70

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

71

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Net cash (used in)/generated from operating activities

Investing activities
Investment in minority shareholding
Purchase of property, plant and equipment

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing activities
New shares issued
Facility fee
Proceeds from bank borrowing
Equity dividends paid
Acquisition of shares by ESOT
Repayment of lease obligations

Net cash (used in)/generated from financing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

The notes on pages 72 to 104 form part of these financial statements.

Note

19

20
18
18

19

19

2021
£m

(0.6)

–
(0.4)

(0.4)

0.5
(0.1)
–
(1.9)
(0.9)
(1.5)

(3.9)

(4.9)
25.2

20.3

2020
£m

3.7

(2.0)
(0.2)

(2.2)

–
(0.1)
15.0
(1.9)
(0.1)
(1.6)

11.3

12.8
12.4

25.2

At 1st January 2020

Comprehensive income/(expense)
Profit for the year

Other comprehensive expense

Actuarial loss on retirement benefit 
obligation
Deferred income tax on actuarial loss 
on retirement benefit obligation

Minority shareholding equity investment

Total other comprehensive expense

Total comprehensive expense

Transactions with owners
Transfer on depreciation of freehold properties
Share-based payment charge
Shares acquired by ESOT
Dividends paid

Total transactions with owners

At 1st January 2021

Comprehensive income
Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income

Actuarial gain on retirement benefit obligation
Deferred income tax on actuarial gain on
Retirement benefit obligation

Total other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners
Transfer on depreciation of freehold properties
Share-based payment charge
Shares acquired by ESOT
Allotted in respect of share option schemes
Dividends paid

Total transactions with owners

At 31st December 2021

Note

22
13

3(x)

12
18

18

22
13

12
18

18
18

Share  
capital
£m

4.3

Share 
premium
£m

Revaluation 
reserve
£m

Retained 
earnings
£m

3.8

0.9

13.9

Total
Equity
£m

22.9

–

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

4.3

3.8

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–
0.1
–

0.1

4.4

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–
0.4
–

0.4

4.2

–

–

–

–

–

–

(0.1)
–
–
–

(0.1)

0.8

–

–

–

–

–

(0.1)
–
–
–
–

(0.1)

0.7

1.2

1.2

(6.5)

1.7

(2.0)

(6.8)

(5.6)

0.1
0.4
(0.1)
(1.9)

(1.5)

6.8

6.3

5.6

0.4

6.0

(6.5)

1.7

(2.0)

(6.8)

(5.6)

–
0.4
(0.1)
(1.9)

(1.6)

15.7

6.3

5.6

0.4

6.0

12.3

12.3

0.1
0.8
(0.9)
–
(1.9)

(1.9)

–
0.8
(0.9)
0.5
(1.9)

(1.5)

17.2

26.5

The notes on pages 72 to 104 form part of these financial statements.

72

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

73

Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31st December 2021

1 General Information
TClarke plc is a public limited company listed on the London Stock Exchange, incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom.  
The address of its registered office and principal place of business is disclosed on page 109. The nature of the Group’s operations and 
its principal activities are described in note 5 and in the Strategic report on pages 1 to 30. The Company is limited by shares.

2 Basis of Preparation
Statement of Compliance
The Group’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and in 
accordance with UK-adopted international standards; and have been prepared on a going concern basis under the historic cost convention as 
modified by the revaluation of land and buildings. They comprise the consolidated financial statements of TClarke plc and all its subsidiaries 
made up to 31st December 2021 and have been presented in £m. There have been no new accounting policies adopted in the year.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with UK-adopted international standards requires the use of certain critical 
accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting 
policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to 
the consolidated financial statements, are disclosed in note 4.

Going Concern
In determining the appropriate basis of preparation of the financial statements, the directors are required to consider whether the 
Group and Company can continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.

As at 31 December 2021 the Group held cash of £20.3m (2020: £25.2m) and had drawn down short-term borrowings of £15m under a 
revolving credit facility. This resulted in net cash of £5.3m (2020: £10.2m). The Group also has access to a £10.0m overdraft facility. No 
balances were drawn down under the overdraft facility at either 31st December 2021 or 2020. 

The Group uses the above banking facilities as and when required to meet working capital requirements. The revolving credit facility expires 
on 31st August 2024. The overdraft facility is subject to annual review with any amounts borrowed repayable on demand. The Directors have 
received confirmation from the bank that they know of no reason why the overdraft facility will not be renewed when it falls due for review.  

The Directors have reviewed the Group’s forecasts and projections for the next three year period. The model assumes delivery of the 
2022-24 Group Business Plan, and that the banking facilities will remain in place throughout the projection period. The projections 
show that the Group will remain profitable, with a significant amount of headroom against covenants and borrowing limits. 

Management have also produced sensitivity analysis to assess the Group’s resilience to more adverse outcomes which could arise from 
one of the principal risks to the business (discussed on pages 26 to 29), including a scenario whereby revenue and profitability remain 
at current levels and a severe but plausible scenario whereby profitability drops by 50%. Management have also produced an upside 
scenario which factors in an additional £100m revenue per annum to consider the impact on working capital requirements. In all 
scenarios, including the reasonable worst case, the Group is able to comply with its financial covenants, operate within its current 
facilities, and meet its liabilities as they fall due.

Accordingly, the directors consider there to be no uncertainties that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue to 
operate as a going concern. They have formed a judgement that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group and Company have 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being at least 12 months from the date of signing of 
these financial statements. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in the preparation of these financial statements.

Application of New and Revised Standards
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out in note 3 below. 
There have been no new standards, amendments to standards or interpretations adopted from 1 January 2021 that had a material 
effect. Future standards, amendments to standards, and interpretations not yet effective are noted below. None of these are expected 
to have a material impact on the Group. 
• Amendments to IAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements: Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current and Amendments 
   to IAS 1: Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current – Deferral of Effective Date – effective 1 January 2023
• Amendments to IFRS 3: Business Combinations – Reference to the Conceptual Framework – effective 1 January 2022
• Amendments to IAS 16: Property, Plant and Equipment – effective 1 January 2022
• Amendments to IAS 37: Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets – effective 1 January 2022
• Annual Improvemnts to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle – 1 January 2022

3 Significant Accounting Policies
(i) Basis of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company  
(its subsidiaries) made up to 31st December each year. Control is achieved when the Company has power over the investee, is 
exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and has the ability to use its power to affect its returns.

Income and expenses of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated income statement from 
the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the 
financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with those used by other members of the Group. All 
intra-Group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation.

(ii) Employee Share Ownership Trust (‘ESOT’)
As the Company is deemed to have control of its ESOT, it is included in the consolidated financial statements. The ESOT’s assets (other 
than investments in the Company’s shares), liabilities, income and expenses are included on a line-by-line basis in the consolidated 
financial statements. The ESOT’s investment in the Company’s shares is deducted from equity in the consolidated statement of financial 
position as if they were treasury shares. The Trustee of the ESOT has waived its right to dividends on the shares held in the ESOT.

(iii) Segmental Reporting
Operating divisions are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting provided to the Board who, representing the ‘Chief 
Operating Decision-Maker’ as per IFRS 8, are responsible for allocating resources to, and assessing the performance of, operating 
divisions.

(iv) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognised in accordance with the five-step model outlined in IFRS 15:
1.  Identify the contract with the customer.
2.  Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
3.  Determine the transaction price.
4.  Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
5.  Recognise revenue when or as the entity satisfies its performance obligations. 

Revenue derives largely from two sources: most significantly, from long-term contracts whereby the Group designs, installs and 
integrates mechanical and electrical systems for customers (‘construction contracts’, see (v)); less significantly, from ongoing  
maintenance works on previously installed systems. In both instances, steps one to five of the revenue recognition process are 
determined with reference to the formal contract which exists with the customer. In these contracts, the transaction price, performance 
obligations, etc. are readily identifiable and distinct.

Revenue from maintenance work is measured as the amount the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods or 
services to the customer – this amount is net of discounts and VAT. It is recognised at the point in time the customer obtains control 
over the asset associated with the works.

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the 
customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust any of the transaction price 
for the time value of money.

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TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

75

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

3 Significant Accounting Policies continued 
(v) Construction Contracts
Where the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, revenue and costs are recognised over time by reference to 
the stage of completion of the contract activity at the reporting date, measured and based on the proportion of contract costs (prime 
costs and overheads) incurred for the work performed to date relative to the estimated total contract costs, except where this would 
not be representative of the stage of completion (instances of which are rare).

3 Significant Accounting Policies continued 
(viii) Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired in a business combination and recognised separately from goodwill are initially recognised at cost, being 
their fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent to initial recognition, intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated 
amortisation and impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the relevant 
assets, determined on an individual basis and ranging from one to ten years.

The earliest point at which profit is taken is that at which the outcome of the contract, based on an assessment by officials of the Group, 
can be reliably foreseen, taking into account the circumstances of each contract. Variations are included to the extent it is highly 
probable that their inclusion will not result in a significant revenue reversal in the future. Full provision is made for any foreseeable losses 
to completion. Whilst the bulk of consideration associated with construction contracts is fixed, variable consideration elements can exist 
(eg event claims). The Group only recognises revenue for these amounts if they are highly probable not to reverse.

‘Contract assets’ (as discussed in IFRS 15.107) are recognised when the Group performs by transferring goods or services to a customer 
before the customer pays consideration or before payment is due. This asset is assessed for impairment in accordance with IFRS 9. 
These ‘contract assets’ have been termed ‘Amounts due from customers under construction contracts’ in these financial statements.

‘Contract liabilities’ (as discussed in IFRS 15.106) are recognised if a customer pays consideration before the entity transfers a good or 
service. These have been captioned in these financial statements as ‘Amounts due to customers under construction contracts’ respectively.

Bid costs are expensed as incurred, unless recoverable from customers.

(vi) Acquisitions and Goodwill
Acquisitions of subsidiaries and businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business 
combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the aggregate of the fair values at the acquisition date of assets  
transferred, liabilities incurred and equity instruments issued, to the former owners by the Group in exchange for control of the 
acquiree. Acquisition-related expenses are recognised directly in the income statement.

Purchased goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the fair value of the consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition 
date fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, and is capitalised and classified as an intangible asset in the consolidated 
statement of financial position.

The acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date, except for 
non-current assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 ‘Non-current assets held for sale and 
discontinued operations.’

When the consideration transferred by the Group in a business combination includes a contingent consideration arrangement, the 
contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred in a  
business combination.

(vii) Impairment of Goodwill and other Non-financial Assets
Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less  
accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Impairment tests on goodwill are undertaken annually at the financial year end. Other non-financial assets are subject to impairment 
tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Where the carrying 
value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell), the asset is written 
down accordingly.

Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the impairment test is carried out on the asset’s 
cash-generating unit (i.e. the lowest group of assets in which the asset belongs for which there are separately identifiable cash flows). 
For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated on initial recognition to each of the Group’s operating segments that are 
expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination giving rise to the goodwill.

Impairment charges are included in non-underlying costs in the consolidated income statement, except to the extent they reverse gains 
previously recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed.

(ix) Property, Plant and Equipment
Land and buildings comprise mainly offices occupied by the operating units of the Group. Land and buildings are shown at fair value, 
based on valuations carried out by external independent valuers, less subsequent depreciation. Valuations are performed with sufficient 
regularity to ensure that the fair value of a revalued asset does not differ materially from its carrying amount. Any accumulated 
depreciation at the date of revaluation is eliminated against the gross carrying amount of the asset, and the net amount is restated to 
the revalued amount of the asset. On disposal of the asset the balance of the revaluation reserve pertaining to the asset is transferred 
from the revaluation reserve to retained earnings.

All other property, plant and equipment is stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly 
attributable to the acquisition of the items.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable 
that future economic benefits associated with the item will it flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The 
carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the income statement during 
the financial period in which they are incurred.

Increases in the carrying amount arising on revaluation of land and buildings are credited to other comprehensive income and shown as 
revaluation reserves in shareholders’ equity. Decreases that offset previous increases of the same asset are charged in other comprehensive 
income and debited against revaluation reserves directly in equity; all other decreases are charged to the income statement.

Each year the difference between depreciation based on the revalued carrying amount of the asset charged to the income statement 
and depreciation based on the asset’s original cost is transferred from the revaluation reserve to retained earnings. On disposal of the 
asset, the balance of the revaluation reserve pertaining to the asset is transferred from the revaluation reserve to retained earnings.

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis so as to write off the cost less residual values of the relevant assets over their useful 
lives, using the following rates:

Freehold properties: 2%
Leasehold improvements: 10% or life of lease if shorter 
Plant, machinery and motor vehicles: 10%–33%

Right-of-use assets held under leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where 
shorter, the term of the relevant lease.

(x) Investments
During the preceding year the Group made a minority shareholding equity investment. In accordance with an irrevocable election 
made upon initial recognition (as per IFRS 9 5.7.5), the subsequent remeasurement of the fair value of the investment has been charged 
to other comprehensive income.

(xi) Inventories
Inventories of raw materials and consumables are initially recognised at cost, and subsequently at the lower of cost and net realisable 
value. Cost is determined on a first-in first-out basis and comprises all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in 
bringing the asset to its present location and condition.

76

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

77

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

3 Significant Accounting Policies continued 
(xii) Leasing and Hire Purchase Commitments
As a Lessee
The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease at the start of a contract. The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a 
corresponding lease liability for all lease agreements in which it is the lessee (with the exception of short-term and low value leases as 
defined in IFRS 16 which are recognised as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term). The lease liability is initially 
measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the rate implicit 
in the lease. If this rate cannot be readily determined, the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Group uses its 
incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use asset recognised initially is the amount of the lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments 
and lease incentives made before the commencement date, in accordance with IFRS 16.24.

As a Lessor
Income is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease.

Short-term and low value leases
Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the 
lease term.

(xiii) Financial Instruments
The Group’s financial instruments comprise trade and other receivables (excluding prepayments), contract trade and other payables 
(excluding deferred income and taxation), and cash and cash equivalents net of overdrafts. The Group classifies its financial assets as 
loans and receivables and its financial liabilities as liabilities at amortised cost. The Group does not trade in any financial derivatives. 
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement of financial position when there is a legally 
enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the 
liability simultaneously.

Trade and Other Receivables
Trade and other receivables are non-interest bearing and are measured on initial recognition at fair value and subsequently at 
amortised cost. On initial recognition, a loss allowance is created which reflects the lifetime expected credit loss on that asset. This loss 
allowance is subsequently reassessed at each reporting period date.

Trade and other receivables are presented net of the loss allowance.

Bank Deposits
Bank deposits comprise cash placed on deposit with financial institutions with an initial maturity of six months or more, and are 
measured at amortised cost. Finance income is recognised using the effective interest method and is added to the carrying value of the 
asset as it arises.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand, bank overdrafts, demand deposits and other short-term highly liquid 
investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Bank 
overdrafts are included within current liabilities in the statement of financial position. Finance income and expense are recognised using 
the effective interest method and are added to the carrying value of the asset or liability as they arise.

Bank Loans
Interest-bearing bank loans are recorded at the fair value of the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Finance charges are 
accounted for on an accruals basis in the income statement using the effective interest method, and are added to the carrying value of 
the instrument to the extent that they are not settled in the period in which they arise.

Trade and Other Payables
Trade and other payables are initially measured at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. Trade and other payables are 
non-interest bearing.

3 Significant Accounting Policies continued 
(xiv) Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Tax is recognised in the income statement except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income.  
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the period. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income 
statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items 
that are never taxable or deductible.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the 
financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit and is accounted for using the liability 
method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised.

The amount of any deferred tax asset or liability recognised is determined using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively 
enacted by the reporting date and are expected to apply when the deferred tax liabilities or assets are settled or recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset as the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the 
deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied on either the same company, or on different companies, where there is an 
intention to settle current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

(xv) Borrowings
Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortised cost. 
Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in the income statement over 
the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

(xvi) Borrowing Costs / Interest Income
Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that 
some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the loan is drawn down. To the extent there is no 
evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalised as a prepayment for liquidity 
services and amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.

Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

(xvii) Dividends
Dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. In the case of interim dividends to equity shareholders, these are 
recognised when they are paid. In the case of final dividends, these are recognised when approved by the shareholders at the AGM.

(xviii) Retirement Benefit Costs
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

The retirement benefit obligation represents the fair value of the defined benefit obligation at each reporting date as reduced by the 
fair value of scheme assets. For defined benefit retirement benefit schemes, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the 
Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each reporting date. Actuarial gains and losses are 
recognised in full in the period in which they occur. They are recognised outside the income statement and presented as a component 
of other comprehensive income.

The current service cost of defined benefit retirement benefit schemes is recognised in ‘employee benefit expense’ in the income 
statement, except where included in the cost of an asset, and reflects the increase in the defined benefit obligation resulting from service 
in the current year, benefit changes, curtailments and settlements. Past service cost is recognised immediately in the income statement.

(xix) Long-term Employee Benefits
Long-term employee benefits are accrued when the Group has a legal or constructive obligation to make payments under long-term 
employee benefit arrangements and the amount of the obligation can be reliably measured. The liability is discounted to present value 
where it is due after more than one year.

78

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

79

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

3 Significant Accounting Policies continued 
(xx) Share-based Payments
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the equity 
instruments at the grant date. Details regarding the determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set 
out in note 18.

The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the 
period, based on the Group’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in equity. At the 
end of each reporting period, the Group revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the 
revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate 
with a corresponding adjustment to equity.

(xxi) Non-underlying Items
Non-underlying items are items of financial performance which the Group believes should be separately identified on the face of the 
income statement to assist in understanding the underlying financial performance achieved by the Group, such as the costs associated 
with a major programme of restructuring. This also includes items that are irregular in nature, and also the amortisation of acquired 
intangibles, which principally relates to acquired customer relationships. The Group incurs costs, which are recognised as an expense in 
the income statement, in maintaining these customer relationships. The Group considers that the exclusion of the amortisation charge 
on acquired intangible from underlying performance avoids the potential double counting of such costs.

4 Significant Judgements and Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, which are described above, the Directors are required to make judgements, 
estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities at the reporting date and the amounts of revenue and 
expenses incurred during the period that may not be readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions 
are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the 
period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the 
revision affects both current and future periods.

The estimates and assumptions that have the most significant impact are set out below.

Revenue and Margin
The recognition of revenue and profit on construction contracts is a key source of estimation uncertainty due to the difficulty of 
forecasting the final costs to be incurred on a contract in progress and the process whereby applications are made during the course of 
the contract with variations, which can be significant, often being agreed as part of the final account negotiation.

The Group’s policies for the recognition of revenue and profit on construction contracts are set out in note 3(v). Commercial reviews of 
all live contracts are undertaken on a regular basis, with all significant contracts being reviewed on a monthly basis. The Directors also 
take into account the recoverability of contract balances and trade receivables, and allowances are made for those balances which are 
considered to be impaired. The Group only recognises revenue once there is a formal contractual entitlement and the recognition 
criteria of IFRS 15 have been met.

As at 31 December 2021 the Group had approximately £25m (2020: £15m) of formally instructed, unagreed variations, of which £15m 
(2020: £9m) satisfy the highly probable test under IFRS 15 and as such have been taken to revenue.

4 Significant Judgements and Sources of Estimation Uncertainty continued
Retirement Benefit Obligations
The costs, assets and liabilities of the defined benefit scheme operated by the Group are determined using methods relying on 
actuarial estimates and assumptions, which are largely dependent on factors outside the control of the Group. Details of the key 
assumptions are set out in note 22, and include the discount rate, expected return on assets, rate of inflation and mortality rates. The 
Group takes advice from independent actuaries relating to the appropriateness of the assumptions. Changes in the assumptions used 
may have a significant effect on the income statement, statement of comprehensive income and the statement of financial position.  
A sensitivity analysis is included in note 22.

5 Segment Information
(i) Reportable Segments
The Group provides mechanical and electrical contracting and related services to the construction industry and end users.

For management and internal reporting purposes, the Group is organised geographically into three regional divisions: London, UK 
South and UK North, reporting to the Board who represent the ‘chief operating decision-maker’ as per IFRS 8. The measurement basis 
used to assess the performance of the divisions is underlying operating profit, stated before amortisation of intangible assets and other 
non-underlying items. 

All transactions between segments are undertaken on normal commercial terms. All the Group’s operations are carried out within the 
United Kingdom, and there is no significant difference between revenue based on the location of assets and revenue based on the 
location of customers. The accounting policies for the reportable segments are the same as the Group’s accounting policies disclosed 
in note 3. Segmental information is based on internal management reporting.

 
80

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

81

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

5 Segment Information continued
(ii) Segment Information and Revenue Analysis – Current Year

Revenue from contracts with customers 

Operating profit
Finance costs

Profit before tax
Taxation expense

Profit for the year 

Business sector

Facilities Management
Infrastructure
Engineering Services
Residential & Hotels
Technologies

Total revenue

(iii) Segment Information and Revenue Analysis – Prior Year

Revenue from contracts with customers 

Underlying operating profit
Restructuring costs
Amortisation of intangibles

Operating profit
Finance costs

Profit before tax
Taxation expense

Profit for the year 

Business sector

Facilities Management and Frameworks
Infrastructure
Engineering Services
Residential & Hotels
Technologies

Total revenue

Group costs 
and 
Unallocated  
£m

–

(3.0)
(1.0)

(4.0)
(1.5)

(5.5)

London
£m

189.4

UK South 
£m

UK North
£m

67.1

70.6

6.2
–

6.2
–

6.2

2.6
–

2.6
–

2.6

3.0
–

3.0
–

3.0

London
£m

UK South 
£m

UK North
£m

2.7
15.1
91.7
31.5
48.4

189.4

13.6
34.4
14.3
4.8
–

67.1

9.7
29.3
10.9
19.6
1.1

70.6

London
£m

134.6

UK South 
£m

55.1

4.9
–
–

4.9
–

4.9
–

4.9

2.7
–
–

2.7
–

2.7
–

2.7

Group costs 
and 
Unallocated  
£m

UK North
£m

42.2

0.7
–
(0.2)

0.5
–

0.5
–

0.5

–

(2.3)
(3.7)
–

(6.0)
(0.9)

(6.9)
–

(6.9)

London
£m

UK South 
£m

UK North
£m

2.4
20.6
59.4
21.7
30.5

134.6

9.7
22.1
15.7
7.6
–

55.1

5.7
16.2
6.5
12.8
1.0

42.2

Total
£m

327.1

8.8
(1.0)

7.8
(1.5)

6.3

Total
£m

26.0
78.8
116.9
55.9
49.5

327.1

Total
£m

231.9

6.0
(3.7)
(0.2)

2.1
(0.9)

1.2
–

1.2

Total
£m

17.8
58.9
81.6
42.1
31.5

231.9

5 Segment Information continued
Revenue is wholly attributable to the principal activity of the Group and arises solely within the United Kingdom.

Revenue recognised in the year that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year was £1.1m  
(2020: £0.1m).

At the end of the year, the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially 
unsatisfied) was £453.8m (2020: £271.8m). These will be recognised as revenue in accordance with the satisfaction of the performance 
obligations.

2021 revenue includes £34.3m and £34.2m which arose from sales to single customers. No other single customer  
contributed 10% or more of the Group’s revenue for either 2021 or 2020.

In the current year, the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer which has been recognised as an asset is £nil  
(2020: £nil).

In the current year, the costs to fulfil a contract with a customer which has been recognised as an asset is £nil (2020: £nil).

Of the £327.1m revenue recognised in 2021 (2020: £231.9m), £299.2m was recognised over time (2020: £218.4m) and £27.9m was 
recognised at a point in time (2020: £13.5m).

6 Finance Costs

Finance costs
Interest on lease liabilities 
Interest on bank overdrafts and loans 
Interest cost in respect of defined benefit pension schemes

Total

7 Operating Profit
Operating Profit is Stated After Charging

Amortisation of intangible assets
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Project-related raw materials and consumables recognised as an expense
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit of:
  The Company and consolidation
  Subsidiary companies
Employee benefit expense (see note 8)

2021
£m

0.1
0.5
0.4

1.0

2021
£m

–
2.0
81.0

0.3
0.1
76.3

2020
£m

0.1
0.3
0.5

0.9

2020
£m

0.2
2.2
56.0

0.2
0.1
72.0

Apart from a nominal fee for access to online technical resources, no non-audit services were provided by the Company’s auditors 
during the year (2020: none).

Non-underlying items in the prior year included £0.2m amortisation of intangible assets relating to acquired customer  
relationships, and the £3.7m cost of a restructuring programme, principally comprising redundancy costs.

82

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

83

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

8 Employee Benefit Expense 
(i) Employee Benefit Expense

Staff costs during the year were as follows:
Wages and salaries
Share awards and options granted to Directors and Employees (see note 18)
Social security costs
Other Pension costs

Total employee benefit expense

2021
£m

65.7
0.8
6.5
3.3

76.3

2020
£m

63.0
0.4
6.4
2.2

72.0

Included within staff costs is £0.4m of furlough grant income from the Government’s Job Retention Scheme (2020: £6.9m).

£3.1m of the prior year employee benefit expense was included within non-underlying items (2021: £nil).

Details of Director remuneration are included in the Annual Report on Remuneration on pages 49 to 56.

(ii) Monthly Average Number of Employees

Staff (including Directors)
Operatives

Total

Group

2021
Number

450
754

1,204

2020
Number

425
869

1,294

9 Taxation

Current tax expense
UK corporation tax payable on profit for the year
Adjustment in relation to prior years

Deferred tax expense
Arising on:

Origination and reversal of timing differences

Total income tax expense

Reconciliation of tax charge
Profit before tax for the year

Tax at standard UK tax rate of 19% (2020: 19%)
Tax effect of:
Adjustment in relation to prior years
Permanently disallowed items

Total income tax expense

Deferred tax credited to other comprehensive income

2021
£m

1.5
(0.2)

0.2

1.5

7.8

1.5

(0.2)
0.2

1.5

2021
£m

(0.4)

2020
£m

–
(0.3)

0.3

–

1.2

0.2

(0.3)
0.1

–

2020
£m

(1.7)

10 Earnings Per Share
(i) Basic Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to owners of the Company by the weighted average number of 
Ordinary shares in issue during the year.

Earnings:
Profit attributable to owners of the Company 

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares in issue (000s)

Basic earnings per share

2021
£m

6.3

42,284

14.99p

2020
£m

1.2

42,295

2.87p

(ii) Diluted Earnings Per Share
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding to assume 
conversion of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares. The Company has two categories of dilutive potential Ordinary shares: share 
options granted under the Save As You Earn Schemes and conditional share awards and options granted under the Long-term 
Incentive Plan. Further details of these schemes are given in note 18.

For the share options, a calculation is made to determine the number of shares that could have been acquired at fair value (determined 
as the average annual market share price of the Company’s shares) based on the monetary value of the subscription rights attached to 
outstanding share options. The number of shares calculated as above is compared with the number of shares that would have been 
issued assuming the exercise of the share options.

84

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

85

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

10 Earnings Per Share continued

11 Intangible assets

Earnings:
Profit attributable to owners of the Company 

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares in issue (000s)
Adjustments:

Savings Related Share Option Schemes
Equity Incentive Plan:
Conditional share awards

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares for diluted earnings per share (000s)

Diluted earnings per share

2021
£m

6.3

42,284

471

2,790

45,545

13.91p

2020
£m

1.2

42,295

295

2,453

45,043

2.69p

(iii) Underlying Earnings Per Share
Underlying earnings per share represents profit for the year adjusted for amortisation of intangible assets and other non-underlying 
items and the tax effect of these items, divided by the weighted average number of shares in issue. Underlying earnings is the basis on 
which the performance of the operating divisions of the business is measured. There have been no underlying items in 2021 and 
therefore underlying and reported numbers are the same for 2021.

Cost
At 1st January 2020, 31st December 2020 and 31st December 2021

Accumulated impairment and amortisation
At 1st January 2020
Charge for the year

At 31st December 2020
Charge for the year

At 31st December 2021

Net book value
At 1st January 2020

At 31st December 2020

At 31st December 2021

Other 
intangible 
assets
£m

Goodwill
£m

Total
£m

27.5

2.9

30.4

(2.2)
–

(2.2)
–

(2.2)

25.3

25.3

25.3

(2.7)
(0.2)

(2.9)
–

(2.9)

0.2

–

–

(4.9)
(0.2)

(5.1)
–

(5.1)

25.5

25.3

25.3

Profit attributable to owners of the Company
Adjustments:

Amortisation of intangible assets
Restructuring costs

Underlying earnings

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares in issue (000s)
Adjustments:

Savings Related Share Option Schemes
Equity Incentive Plan:
Conditional Share Awards

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares for diluted earnings per share (000s)

Diluted underlying earnings per share

Basic underlying earnings per share

2021
£m

6.3

–
–

6.3

42,284

471

2,790

45,545

13.91p

14.99p

2020
£m

1.2

0.1
3.0

4.3

42,295

295

2,453

45,043

9.66p

10.29p

Goodwill relates to the purchase of subsidiary undertakings. Goodwill is not amortised but is tested for impairment in accordance with 
IAS 36 ‘Impairment of assets’ at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment. 
Other intangible assets comprise customer relationships arising on acquisitions. Amortisation of other intangible assets is included in 
administrative expenses in the income statement.

Goodwill is allocated to operating segments as follows:

Operating segment
London
UK South
UK North

Total

2021
and 2020
£m
11.3
6.1
7.9

25.3

Value in use
The carrying value of goodwill has been compared to its recoverable amount based on the value in use of the operating segment to 
which the goodwill has been allocated, being the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely 
independent of the cash inflows from other groups of assets.

Value in use has been calculated using budgets and forecasts approved by the Board covering the period 2022 to 2024, which take 
into account secured orders, business plans and management actions. The results of the period subsequent to 2024 have been 
projected using 2024 forecasts with 2% growth assumed. The extrapolated cash flow projections have been discounted using a pre-tax 
discount rate derived from the Group’s cost of capital.

86

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

87

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

11 Intangible Assets continued
Assumptions
The key assumptions, to which the assessment of the recoverable amounts of operating segments is sensitive, are the projected 
revenue and operating margin to 2024 and beyond, and the discount rate applied. The range of these assumptions applied to the 
operating segments is as follows:

Pre-tax discount rate
Average annual revenue growth (2021–2024) (2020: 2020–2023)
London
UK South
UK North

Operating margins (2022–2024) (2020: 2021–2023)
London
UK South
UK North

Operating margins exclude any allocation of Group costs.

2021

10.3%

15.1%
18.0%
15.9%

2020

9.0%

19.2%
8.6%
20.3%

3.7% - 4.0%
3.7% - 4.0%
3.7% - 4.0%

3.9% - 4.0%
3.7% - 4.0%
3.5% - 4.0%

Sensitivities
For each operating segment, management has considered the level of headroom resulting from the impairment tests, and performed 
further sensitivity analysis by changing the base case assumptions applicable to each operating segment. The sensitivities tested 
related to changes in profitability and discount rate, including consideration of how many times the value in use of a particular 
operating segment exceeded its carrying value. This analysis has indicated that no reasonably possible changes in any individual key 
assumption would cause the carrying amount of the operating segment to exceed its recoverable amount.

At 31st December 2021, based on these valuations, no increase in the impairment provision was required against the carrying value  
of goodwill (2020: £nil).

An assessment of the subsidiary investments using consistent methodology amended for pre-tax cash flows indicates that there is no 
requirement for any additional impairment provision.

12 Property, Plant and Equipment

Group

Cost or valuation
At 1st January 2020
Additions
At 31st December 2020
Additions
Disposals
Transfer from depreciation on revaluation
Revaluation

At 31st December 2021

Accumulated depreciation and impairment
At 1st January 2020
Charge for the year
At 31st December 2020
Charge for the year
Transfer to cost on revaluation

At 31st December 2021

Net book value
At 1st January 2020

At 31st December 2020

At 31st December 2021

Properties
£m

Leasehold 
improvements
£m

Plant, 
machinery 
and vehicles
£m

5.4
0.3
5.7
–
–
(0.2)
0.1

5.6

(0.6)
(0.5)
(1.1)
(0.4)
0.2

(1.3)

4.8

4.6

4.3

2.7
0.2
2.9
0.1
–
–
–

3.0

(1.7)
(0.5)
(2.2)
(0.2)
–

(2.4)

1.0

0.7

0.6

6.3
0.7
7.0
1.4
(0.1)
–
–

8.3

(3.1)
(1.2)
(4.3)
(1.4)
–

(5.7)

3.2

2.7

2.6

Total
£m

14.4
1.2
15.6
1.5
(0.1)
(0.2)
0.1

16.9

(5.4)
(2.2)
(7.6)
(2.0)
0.2

(9.4)

9.0

8.0

7.5

The net book values shown above at 31st December 2021 reflect the following right-of-use assets: Properties £1.4m (2020: £1.6m) and 
Plant, machinery and vehicles £2.1m (2020: £1.7m). Additions in the year for right-of-use assets were £nil for Properties (2020: £0.3m) 
and £1.4m for Plant, machinery and vehicles (2020: £0.6m). The depreciation charge for right-of-use assets was £0.4m for Properties 
(2020: £0.5m) and £0.9m for Plant, machinery and vehicles (2020: £1.2m).

The Group’s freehold land and buildings were last valued at 31 December 2021 based on an external valuation provided by an  
independent valuer. The external valuation was conducted on the basis of market value as defined by the RICS Valuation Standards, 
and was determined by reference to recent market transactions on arm’s length terms. The net book value of the freehold properties 
on a historical cost basis would have been £3.6m (2020: 3.7m).

The Group has granted a charge in favour of the TClarke Group Retirement and Death Benefits Scheme over a number of properties 
occupied by the Group up to a maximum value of £3.1m, to secure the future pension obligations of the scheme. The book and fair 
value of the properties at 31st December 2021 was £3.1m (2020: £3.0m).

88

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

89

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

13 Deferred Taxation

14 Inventories

Group

(Liability)/asset at 1st January 2020
Charged to income
Credited to other comprehensive income

(Liability)/asset at 31st December 2020
Charged to income
Credited to other comprehensive income

(Liability)/asset at 31st December 2021

Retirement 
benefit 
obligation
£m

Revaluations
£m

(0.1)
–
–

(0.1)
–
–

(0.1)

4.7
(0.3)
1.7

6.1
(0.2)
0.4

6.3

Other 
£m

0.2
–
–

0.2
–
–

0.2

Total
£m

4.8
(0.3)
1.7

6.2
(0.2)
0.4

6.4

Raw materials and consumables, net of provision (2020: £nil)

15 Construction Contracts

Contract work in progress comprises:
Contract costs incurred plus recognised profits less recognised losses to date
Less: progress payments

The amount of deferred tax recoverable within one year is insignificant. The deferred tax asset arises in respect of the deficit on  
the retirement benefit obligation. A deficit reduction plan is in place to reduce this deficit over a number of years (see note 22).  
The deferred tax asset will be recovered over time as the deficit is reduced. There were £0.4m unrecognised deferred tax assets at  
31 December 2021 (2020: £0.4m).

The net deferred tax asset reported on the Statement of Financial Position can be analysed as follows:

Total

Contracts in progress at the reporting date
Gross amounts due from customers
Gross amounts due to customers

Total

2021
£m

0.4

2021
£m

309.5
(260.7)

48.8

51.7
(2.9)

48.8

2020
£m

0.4

2020
£m

285.2
(244.6)

40.6

41.7
(1.1)

40.6

Deferred tax liabilities
Deferred tax assets

Total

2021
£m

(0.1)
6.5

6.4

2020
£m

(0.1)
6.3

6.2

The main rate of UK corporation for the period is currently 19%. The Finance Act 2021 was substantively enacted in May 2021 and has 
increased the corporation tax rate to from 19% to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023. The deferred taxation balances have been 
measured using the rates expected to apply in the reporting periods when the timing differences reverse.

At 31st December 2021, retentions held by customers of the Group for contract work amounted to £19.5m (2020: £19.1m).  
These amounts are included in trade receivables (see note 16).

Advances received from customers for contract work amounted to £2.9m (2020: £1.1m). 

Contract balance movements from the prior year closing position were due to events in the normal course of business.

Contract amounts are shown net of impairment of £nil (2020: £nil).

90

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

91

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

16 Trade and Other Receivables

Group

17 Trade and Other Payables

Trade receivables – gross
Trade receivables – allowances for credit losses

Net trade receivables
Other receivables (including retentions)
Prepayments

Total

Movements in allowances for credit losses
At 1st January
Written off in year

At 31st December

Net trade receivables are due as follows
Due within 3 months
Due in 3 to 6 months
Due in 6 to 12 months
Due after more than one year
Overdue

Total

The ageing of trade receivables past due but not impaired is as follows
30 days or less
31–60 days
60–90 days
Greater than 90 days

Total

2021
£m

35.3
(0.2)

35.1
21.4
0.9

57.4

(0.4)
0.2

(0.2)

32.1
–
–
–
3.0

35.1

2.4
0.6
–
–

3.0

2020
£m

15.3
(0.4)

14.9
20.8
2.4

38.1

(0.8)
0.4

(0.4)

11.1
0.1
–
–
3.7

14.9

2.7
1.0
–
–

3.7

The expected credit losses on trade receivables are estimated based on past default experience of the debtor and an analysis of the 
debtor’s current financial position adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors such as the ageing of the debt.

Trade and other receivables are analysed as follows on the
statement of financial position:
Current assets
Non-current assets

Total

Group

2021
£m

52.5
4.9

57.4

2020
£m

34.5
3.6

38.1

Current
Trade payables (including retentions)
Other taxation and social security
Accruals
Other payables

Total

Non-current
Trade payables (including retentions)
Total

Trade payables payment terms are as follows:
30 days or less
31 to 60 days
Greater than 60 days

Total

Group

2021
£m

47.9
3.9
43.8
0.7

96.3

1.7
1.7

23.4
22.7
3.5

49.6

2020
£m

44.1
8.1
24.2
1.1

77.5

2.6
2.6

27.2
18.7
0.8

46.7

18 Capital and Reserves
(i) Components of Owners’ Equity
The nature and purpose of the components of owners’ equity are as follows:

Component of owners’ equity

Description and purpose

Share capital

Share premium

Revaluation reserve

Retained earnings

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value.

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value, net of allowable 
expenses.

Cumulative gains recognised on revaluation of land and buildings above  
depreciated cost.

Cumulative net gains and losses recognised in the income statement and the  
statement of comprehensive income.

Retained earnings include shares in TClarke plc purchased in the market and held by the TClarke Employee Share Ownership Trust  
(’the Trust’) to satisfy options under the Company’s Share incentive schemes. The number of shares held by the trust at 31 December 
2021 was 1,068,637 (2020: 695,795) with a cost of £1.2m (2020: £0.7m). All of the shares held by the Trust were unallocated at the 
year-end and dividends on these shares have been waived. Based on the Company’s share price at 31 December 2021 of £1.60  
(2020: £0.98), the market value of the shares was £1.7m (2020: £0.7m).

The cost of shares held in the Trust has moved as follows:

Opening cost of shares
Cost of shares purchased by Trust
Cost of shares disposed of by Trust

Closing cost of shares

2021
£m

0.7
0.8
(0.3)

1.2

2020
£m

0.8
–
(0.1)

0.7

92

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

93

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

18 Capital and Reserves continued
(ii) Share Capital and Premium

Allotted, called up and fully paid (nominal value 10p per share)
At 31st December 2021

At 31st December 2020

All shares rank equally in respect of shareholder rights.

Number of shares

43,882,861

43,052,558

Share
 capital
£m

4.4

4.3

Share 
premium
£m

4.2

3.8

(iii) Save As You Earn Scheme
The following options granted to employees and Directors of the Group under approved Save As You Earn (‘SAYE’)  share option 
schemes were outstanding at the end of the year:

TClarke plc Savings Related Share Option
Scheme (‘2018 SAYE Scheme’)

Number 
of options

248,036

Grant date

Exercise date

24/10/2018

TClarke plc 2021 Sharesave Scheme
(‘2021 SAYE Scheme)

1,337,785

06/10/2021

Exercise 
price

Fair value at 
date of grant

74.88

0.3p

124.2

30.1p

01/12/2021
to
31/05/2022

01/12/2024
to
31/05/2025

In accordance with both sets of scheme rules, all employees of the Group with at least six months’ continuous service were eligible to 
participate in the schemes, the only vesting condition being that the individual remains an employee of the Group over the savings 
period. The impact of recognising the fair value of employee share option plan grants as an expense under IFRS 2 is £nil for the year 
ended 31st December 2021 (2020: £nil). The schemes are open to all eligible employees including the Executive Directors. Under the 
rules of the schemes all participating employees have entered into an approved Save As You Earn contract (‘SAYE contract’) under 
which the employee agrees to make monthly contributions, of between £10 to £500 for a period of three years, at the end of which the 
employee may use part or all of the proceeds to acquire the shares under option. Options will be exercisable within a period of six 
months commencing on the date of maturity of the participant’s SAYE contract.

18 Capital and Reserves continued
(iv) Long-term Incentive Plan
All employees, including Executive Directors, are eligible to participate in the TClarke Long-term Incentive Plan (‘the Plan’) at the 
discretion of the Remuneration Committee. Awards may be made in the form of approved options, unapproved options, conditional 
awards of shares and matching awards of shares. Awards may be made in the six-week periods after adoption of the Plan and after the 
announcement of the Group’s interim or final results. No award may be made more than ten years after the date on which the Plan was 
last approved by shareholders (5th May 2021). Options and awards of shares are subject to performance conditions as determined by 
the Remuneration Committee.

The total number of shares issued pursuant to the Plan, when aggregated with the total number of shares issued pursuant to any other 
employee share scheme in the ten years immediately preceding the date upon which an award is made, shall not exceed 10% of the 
Company’s issued share capital at the date of the grant. Our practice is to only issue shares for the Save As You Earn Scheme; shares for 
the Long-term Incentive Plan are satisified through market purchases.

At 31st December 2021, 2,789,712 conditional share awards were outstanding (2020: 2,575,228 outstanding).

Date of grant
Number of awards
Share price at date of grant
Exercise price
Option life

Conditional 
shares

24/04/2019
309,952
130.00p
–
3 years

Conditional 
shares

24/04/2019
530,000
130.00p
–
3 years

Conditional 
shares

01/05/2020
1,141,676
93.50p
–
3 years

Conditional 
shares

28/04/2021
808,084
135.50p
–
3 years

The conditional share awards and options will vest subject to continued employment with the Group and satisfaction of the following 
performance conditions over a three-year period ending 31st December preceding the earliest vesting date.
For the 2019 and 50% of the 2020 and 2021 awards, the following performance conditions apply:

Annual growth rate in underlying EPS above RPI¹
Less than 3%
3%
Between 3% and 10%
Above 10%

Proportion of award vesting
Nil
25%
Between 25% and 100% on a straight-line basis
100% 

The number of options outstanding during the year were as follows:

1    The base point is based on average underlying EPS for the three years ending with the year preceding the date of grant.

At 1st January
Granted
Exercised
Lapsed

At 31st December

2021
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (p)

74.88
124.20
74.88
76.45

116.49

2021
Number

1,146,971
1,341,031
(800,314)
(101,867)

1,585,821

2020
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (p)

74.88
–
74.88
74.88

74.88

2020
Number

1,321,219
–
(21,736)
(152,512)

1,146,971

The weighted average remaining contractual life of the options at 31 December 2021 was 1,076 days (2020: 480 days)

The remaining 50% of the 2020 award performance conditions relate to the actions taken by the Executive Directors to enable TClarke 
to increase retained reserves for the year ended 31 December 2020 (excluding any impact from Pension Deficit Movements). The 
Remuneration Committee assessed that the performance condition had been met as the 2020 profit after tax was £1.2m. For the 
shares to vest the Company must not breach any banking covenants for the remainder of the three year period.

The remaining 50% of the 2021 award performance conditions are as follows

Annual growth rate in underlying EPS above RPI¹
Less than 20%
Between 20% and 30%
Above 30%

Proportion of award vesting
Nil
Between nil and 100% on a straight-line basis
100% 

1   The base point from which performance is measured is based on average underlying EPS for the three years ended 31st December 2020.

(v) Share-based Payment Expense
The charge to the income statement takes into account the number of shares and options that are expected to vest. The impact of 
recognising the fair value of Long-term Incentive Plan grants as an expense under IFRS 2 is a £0.8m charge for the year ended  
31 December 2021 (2020: £0.4m charge).

 
94

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

95

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

18 Capital and Reserves continued
(vi) Dividends Paid

Final dividend of 3.65p (2020: 3.65p) per Ordinary share paid during the year relating
to the previous year’s results
Interim dividend of 0.75p (2020: 0.75p) per Ordinary share paid during the year

Total

The Directors are proposing a final dividend of 4.1p (2020: 3.65p) per Ordinary share totalling £1.8m (2020: £1.6m).

This dividend has not been accrued at the reporting date.

19 Notes to the Statement of Cash Flows 
(i) Reconciliation of Operating Profit to Net Cash (Outflow)/Inflow from Operating Activities

2021
£m

1.6
0.3

1.9

Operating profit
Depreciation charges
Equity-settled share-based payment expense
Amortisation of intangible assets
Pension deficit reduction contribution
Defined benefit pension scheme charge/(credit)

Operating cash flows before movement in working capital
Movement in inventories
(Increase)/decrease in contract balances
(Increase)/decrease in operating trade and other receivables
Increase/(decrease) in operating trade and other payables

Cash (used in)/generated from operations
Corporation tax paid
Interest paid

Net cash (used in)/generated from operating activities

Group

2021
£m

8.8
2.0
0.8
–
(1.5)
0.4

10.5
–
(8.2)
(18.8)
16.4

(0.1)
–
(0.5)

(0.6)

20 Bank Overdrafts and Bank Loans
During the year the Group had in place a £10.0m overdraft facility and a £15.0m revolving credit facility (‘RCF’), both with National 
Westminster Bank plc, with the level of usage available dependent on covenant compliance. The RCF charges commitment fees at 
market rates and drawings bear interest at a margin above SONIA. Interest is charged on the overdraft at 2.00% above base rate. The 
RCF includes financial covenants in respect of interest cover and net leverage ratios which are tested quarterly. The RCF is available 
until 31 August 2024 and the overdraft facility is subject to annual review. The Group was compliant with its obligations under the RCF 
and the overdraft facility throughout the year.

All operating companies within the Group are included within the overdraft facility, and National Westminster Bank plc has a floating 
charge over the assets of the Group.

At both 31st December 2021 and 31st December 2020 the Group had unused overdraft facilities of £10.0m and had drawn down 
£15.0m of the RCF. Net cash at 31st December 2021 was £5.3m (2020: £10.2m). 

21 Related Party Transactions
(i) Key management personnel

The key management personnel of the Group comprise members of the TClarke plc Board of Directors and the Group Management 
Board. The key management personnel compensation is as follows:

Short-term benefits
Share-based payments
Post-employment employee benefits

Total

(ii) Transactions with subsidiary companies

2021
£m

3.3
0.6
0.1

4.0

2020
£m

3.3
0.5
0.1

3.9

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not 
disclosed in this note.

2020
£m

1.6
0.3

1.9

2020
£m

2.1
2.1
0.4
0.2
(1.5)
(1.7)

1.6
(0.2)
3.9
3.8
(4.5)

4.6
(0.6)
(0.3)

3.7

(ii) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and other short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash, 
less bank overdrafts, and are analysed as follows.

Cash and cash equivalents

Group

2021
£m

20.3

2020
£m

25.2

96

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

97

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

22 Pension Commitments
Defined Contribution Schemes
The Group operates defined contribution pension schemes for all qualifying employees of all its operating companies. The assets of 
these schemes are held separately from those of the Group in funds under the control of the trustees.

The total cost charged to income of £2.5m (2020: £1.9m) represents contributions payable to these schemes by the Group at rates 
specified in the rules of the separate plans.

Defined Benefit Scheme
The Group operates a funded defined benefit scheme for qualifying employees. The scheme is registered with HMRC and is  
administered by the trustees.

With effect from 1st March 2010, the benefit structure was altered from a final salary scheme with an accrual rate of 1/60th to a Career 
Average Revalued Earnings scheme with an accrual rate of 1/80th. No other post-retirement benefits are provided. The assets of the 
scheme are held separately from those of the participating companies. 

The most recent triennial actuarial valuation of the scheme, carried out at 31st December 2018 by R Williams, Fellow of the Institute of 
Actuaries, showed a deficit of £24.9m, which represented a funding level of 59%. The valuation was impacted by the significant fall in 
bond yields over the period leading up to the date of the valuation and a change in mortality assumptions, caused by macro-economic 
factors beyond the Group’s control. Following agreement of the valuation, the deficit reductions contributions of £1.5m per annum will 
continue. The Group continues to provide security in the form of a charge over the Group’s property portfolio up to a combined value 
of £3.1m.

From 1st April 2020, the service contribution increased from 21.4% to 22.4% of pensionable payroll (including employee contributions, 
which, increased from 10% to 12% of pensionable payroll).

As part of a Group reorganisation, a subsidiary company, TClarke Services Limited, became the principal employer of the scheme with 
effect from 23rd December 2016, and the pension scheme liability and related deferred tax asset were transferred to TClarke Services 
Limited at that date. The Company and its subsidiary, TClarke Contracting Limited, have provided a guarantee to the trustees of the 
scheme in respect of TClarke Services Limited’s obligations to the pension scheme. 

22 Pension Commitments continued
The key assumptions used to value the pension scheme liability in the financial statements are set out below:

Rate of increase in salaries
Rate of increase of pensions in payment
Discount rate
Inflation assumption (RPI)

The mortality assumptions used in the IAS 19 valuation were:

Life expectancy at age 65 for current pensioners
  –  Men
  –  Women
Life expectancy at age 65 for future pensioners (current age 45)
  –  Men
  –  Women

The amounts recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position are as follows:

Present value of funded obligations
Fair value of plan assets

Deficit of funded plans

2021
%

3.39
3.15
1.89
3.25

2021
Years

21.5
23.4

22.5
24.6

2021
£m

73.4
(49.5)

23.9

2020
%

2.60
3.00
1.40
2.90

2020
Years

21.8
24.1

22.8
25.2

2020
£m

76.3
(46.1)

30.2

98

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

99

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

22 Pension Commitments continued
The movement in the defined benefit obligation is as follows:

At 1st January 2020
Current service cost
Settlements
Interest expense/(income)

Total

Remeasurements
Return on plan assets, excluding amounts included in interest expense
Change in demographic assumptions
Loss from change in financial assumptions
Experience loss

Total

Contributions
Employers
Employees

Payment from plans
Benefit payments

At 31st December 2020
Current service cost
Interest expense/(income)

Total

Remeasurements
Return on plan assets, excluding amounts included in interest expense
Change in demographic assumptions
Gain from change in financial assumptions
Experience loss

Total

Contributions
Employers
Employees

Payment from plans
Benefit payments

At 31st December 2021

Present value 
of obligation
£m

Fair value of 
plan assets
£m

70.7

(44.3)

0.9
0.4
1.4

2.7

–
0.3
9.3
1.6

11.2

–
0.5

(8.8)

76.3

0.7
1.1

1.8

–
(1.2)
(4.8)
2.2

(3.8)

–
0.5

(1.4)

73.4

–
–
(0.9)

(0.9)

(4.7)
–
–
–

(4.7)

(4.5)
(0.5)

8.8

(46.1)

–
(0.7)

(0.7)

(1.8)
–
–
–

(1.8)

(1.8)
(0.5)

1.4

(49.5)

Total
£m

26.4

0.9
0.4
0.5

1.8

(4.7)
0.3
9.3
1.6

6.5

(4.5)
–

–

30.2

0.7
0.4

1.1

(1.8)
(1.2)
(4.8)
2.2

(5.6)

(1.8)
–

–

23.9

Current service cost and settlements are included in administrative expenses.
Interest expense is included in finance costs.
Remeasurement gains and losses have been included in other comprehensive income/expense.

22 Pension Commitments continued
Plan assets are held in professionally managed multi-asset funds, cash and bank accounts managed by the trustees, and an insurance 
annuity contract. Plan assets are comprised as follows:

2021

£m 
Quoted

£m 
Unquoted

Equities

Fixed interest corporate
bonds
Government bonds

Total bonds

Property
Cash
Insurance annuity
contracts
Other

Total

31.2

1.2
13.2

14.4

0.8
–

–
–

46.4

–

–
–

–

–
1.3

1.8
–

3.1

£m 
Total

31.2

1.2
13.2

14.4

0.8
1.3

1.8
–

%

63%

29%

2%
2%

4%
–

49.5

100%

£m
Quoted

11.1

4.1
21.3

25.4

0.6
3.0

–
–

40.1

2020

£m
Unquoted

–

–
–

–

–
0.3

1.8
3.9

6.0

£m
Total

11.1

4.1
21.3

25.4

0.6
3.3

1.8
3.9

%

24%

55%

1%
7%

4%
9%

46.1

100%

Of the above assets £48.7m are denominated in Sterling and £0.8m in overseas currencies.

Through the defined benefit pension scheme the Group is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are set out below.

Asset Volatility
The objective of the investment strategy is to have sufficient assets to pay benefits to members as they fall due. The scheme assets are 
invested in a diversified portfolio of growth assets (such as multi-asset funds and equities) and matching assets (such as bonds held in 
multi-asset funds and cash). Multi-asset funds include property investments. In addition, the scheme holds a number of annuity policies 
which are used to back a number of pensions in payment, reducing the volatility of the results. 

The plan liabilities are calculated using a discount rate set with reference to corporate bond yields. If plan assets underperform this 
yield, this will create a deficit. A proportion of scheme assets are held in equities, which are expected to outperform bond yields in the 
long term while providing volatility and risk in the short term.

The Group believes that due to the long-term nature of scheme liabilities and the strength of the Group, it is appropriate to continue  
to hold a proportion of the assets in equities.

Change in Corporate Bond Yields
A decrease in corporate bond yields will increase plan liabilities, although this will be partially offset by an increase in the value of the 
scheme’s bond holdings.

100

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

101

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

22 Pension Commitments continued
Inflation Risk
Some of the pension obligations are linked to inflation, and higher inflation will lead to higher liabilities. Caps are in place for  
inflationary increases which protect the scheme against the impact of extreme inflation. The majority of the plan’s assets are largely 
unaffected by inflation, meaning that any increase in inflation will also increase the deficit.

Life Expectancy
Pension obligations are payable for the life of the member, and where elected by the member, the member’s spouse.

Increases in life expectancy will result in increases in scheme liabilities.

Age Profile
The weighted average duration of the unsecured liabilities is approximately 22 years.

The sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to changes in the weighted principal assumptions is:

Discount rate
Inflation assumption
Rate of increase in salaries
Rate of increase in pension payments
Life expectancy

Impact on defined benefit obligation

Change in assumption

Increase in assumption

Decrease in assumption

0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
1 year

Decrease by 10%
Increase by 6%
Increase by 1%
Increase by 5%
Increase by 4%

Increase by 12%
Decrease by 6%
Decrease by 1%
Decrease by 5%
Decrease by 4%

The above sensitivity analyses are based on a change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, this is 
unlikely to occur, and changes in some of the assumptions may be correlated. When calculating the sensitivity of the defined benefit 
obligation to significant actuarial assumptions, the same method (present value of the defined benefit obligation calculated with the 
projected unit credit method at the end of the year) has been applied as when calculating the pension liability recognised within the 
statement of financial position.

The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis did not change compared to the previous year.

23 Obligations Under Leases
In addition to the recognition of right-of-use-assets in note 12 the impact of the Group’s lease arrangements on the financial statements 
is shown below.

31st December 2021

Lease liability
Total value of lease payments
Total payments for short-term and low value leases
Interest expense

31st December 2020

Lease liability
Total value of lease payments
Total payments for short-term and low value leases
Interest expense

Properties
£m

Leasehold 
improvements
£m

1.3
0.4
0.4
0.1

–
–
–
–

Properties
£m

Leasehold 
improvements
£m

1.7
0.4
0.4
0.1

–
–
–
–

Plant, 
machinery  

and vehicles
£m

1.6
1.1
–
–

Plant, 
machinery  

and vehicles
£m

1.8
1.2
–
–

Total
£m

2.9
1.5
0.4
0.1

Total
£m

3.5
1.6
0.4
0.1

Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as an expense on a straight line basis over the  
lease term.

24 Contingent Liabilities
Group banking facilities of £25.0m and surety bond facilities of £50.1m are supported by cross guarantees given by the Company and 
participating companies in the Group. There are contingent liabilities in respect of surety bond facilities, guarantees and collateral 
warranties under contracting and other arrangements entered into in the normal course of business.

Group’s Defined Benefit Pension
As part of a Group reorganisation, a subsidiary company, TClarke Services Limited, became the principal employer of the scheme with 
effect from 23rd December 2016, and the pension scheme liability and related deferred tax asset were transferred to TClarke Services 
Limited at that date. The Company and its subsidiary, TClarke Contracting Limited, have provided a guarantee to the trustees of the 
scheme in respect of TClarke Services Limited’s obligations to the pension scheme. 

25 Financial Instruments
(i) Capital Risk Management
The Group manages its capital to ensure that each entity within the Group will be able to: continue as a going concern; to maintain a 
strong financial position to support business development, tender qualification and procurement activities; and to maximise the overall 
return to shareholders over time. Dividends form an important part of the overall return to shareholders. The Group is mindful of the 
need to ensure that the dividend is covered by earnings over the business cycle and paid out of cash reserves in order to secure the 
long-term interests of shareholders. The Board considers that it has sufficient capital to undertake its activities for the foreseeable 
future. The Group’s overall capital strategy remains unchanged from 2016.

The capital structure of the Group consists of net funds, including cash and cash equivalents, bank loans and overdrafts and lease 
obligations, and equity attributable to equity holders of the Parent Company, comprising issued capital, reserves and retained earnings. 
The Group does not use derivative financial instruments.

The capital structure of the Group at 31st December 2021 and 2020 was as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents
Less borrowings

Net cash

Obligations under leases

Total equity

2021
£m

20.3
(15.0)

5.3

2.9

26.5

2020
£m

25.2
(15.0)

10.2

3.5

15.7

(ii) Financial Assets and Liabilities
Details of the significant accounting policies and methods adopted, including the criteria for recognition, the bases of measurement 
and the bases on which income and expenses are recognised in respect of each class of financial asset, financial liability and equity 
instrument are disclosed in note 3. The fair value of the Group’s and the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities is not 
materially different to the carrying value. All financial assets and liabilities are level 3 by definition (ie inputs are not based on observable 
market data).

102

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

103

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

25 Financial Instruments continued
Financial Assets
The Group’s financial assets comprise trade and other receivables held at amortised cost, and cash and cash equivalents as follows:

31st December 2021

Carrying value

Contractual cash flows
Less than one year
One to two years
Two to three years
More than three years

Total

31st December 2020

Carrying value

Contractual cash flows
Less than one year
One to two years
Two to three years
More than three years

Total

1 Trade and other receivables excludes prepayments.

Cash and cash 
equivalents
£m

Trade and other
receivables1
£m

20.3

20.3
–
–
–

20.3

25.2

25.2
–
–
–

25.2

56.5

51.6
4.1
0.7
0.1

56.5

35.7

32.1
2.8
0.6
0.2

35.7

Total
£m

76.8

71.9
4.1
0.7
0.1

76.8

60.9

57.3
2.8
0.6
0.2

60.9

25 Financial Instruments continued
Financial Liabilities – Analysis of Maturity Dates
At 31st December 2021, the carrying value of the Group’s financial liabilities and maturity profile of the associated contractual cash 
flows are shown below. The contractual cash flows are undiscounted and therefore differ from the carrying values which include the 
impact of discounting cash flows.

31st December 2021

Carrying value

Contractual cash flows
Less than one year
One to two years
Two to three years
More than three years

Total

31st December 2020

Carrying value

Contractual cash flows
Less than one year
One to two years
Two to three years
More than three years

Total

Trade and 
other
payables1
£m

Obligations 
under leases
£m

94.1

92.4
1.5
0.2
–

94.1

72.0

69.4
2.4
0.1
0.1

72.0

2.9

0.9
0.7
0.5
0.8

2.9

3.7

1.3
0.9
0.6
0.9

3.7

Total
£m

97.0

93.3
2.2
0.7
0.8

97.0

75.7

70.7
3.3
0.7
1.0

75.7

The financial assets and financial liabilities notes have been represented to remove amounts due from/to customers under  
construction contracts. See notes 16 and 17 for values.

1  Trade and other payables exclude other taxation and social security.

(iii) Financial Risk Management
Financial risk management is integral to the way in which the Group is managed. The overall aim of the Group’s financial risk  
management policies is to minimise any potential adverse effects on financial performance and net assets. 

The Group does not enter into any derivative transactions and has minimal exposure to exchange rate movement as its trade is based 
in the United Kingdom.

The financial risks to which the Group is exposed comprise credit risk, market risk and liquidity risk.

The Group seeks to manage these risks as follows:

Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will fail to discharge its obligations and create a financial loss. Credit risk exists, amongst other 
factors, to the extent that at the reporting date there were significant balances outstanding. The Group’s policy is to mitigate this risk by 
assessing the creditworthiness of prospective clients prior to accepting a contract, requesting progress payments on contract work in 
progress and investing surplus cash only with large, highly regarded UK financial institutions.

The carrying value of construction contracts, trade and other receivables and cash on deposit represents the Group’s maximum 
exposure to credit risk. There were no significant concentrations of credit risk at 31st December 2021.

104

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

105

Notes to the Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Company Statement of Financial Position
As at 31st December 2021
TClarke PLC
Registered number 00119351

25 Financial Instruments continued
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not generate sufficient cash and liquid funds to be able to settle its financial liabilities as and 
when they fall due. The Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves and banking facilities, by monitoring cash flows 
and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities within the bounds of its contractual obligations.

The Group’s facilities were last renegotiated in May 2020 and comprise a £15.0m RCF and a £10.0m overdraft facility. The RCF is a 
committed facility available until 31st August 2024 and is subject to quarterly financial covenant tests. Management has prepared 
three-year cash flow projections that demonstrate that the Group will be able to meet these financial covenants. There have been no other 
significant changes to the nature of financial risks or the Group’s objectives and policies for managing these risks.

Based on an interest rate of 2.25%, provided that the Group is utilising its banking facilities, the effect of a delay/acceleration in the 
maturity of the Group’s trade receivables at the balance sheet date would be to decrease/increase profit by approximately £0.1m 
(2020: £0.1m) for each month of delay/acceleration, and the effect of a delay/acceleration in the maturity of the Group’s trade payables 
at the reporting date would be to increase/decrease profit by approximately £0.1m (2020: £0.1m) for each month of delay/acceleration. 
If the facilities are unused, there is no impact on profit.

Cash Flow Interest Rate Risk
The Group is exposed to changes in interest rates on its bank deposits and borrowings. Surplus cash is placed on short-term deposit at 
fixed rates of interest. Bank overdrafts are at floating rates, at a fixed margin of 2.00% above base rates. The interest rate on amounts 
drawn down under the RCF are set at a margin above SONIA at the time of drawdown for periods of up to twelve months. The Group’s 
lease obligations are at fixed rates of interest determined at the inception of the lease. 

The effect of each 1% increase in interest rates on the Group’s borrowings at the reporting date would be to reduce profits by 
approximately £0.1m (2020: £0.1m) per annum. Details of the Group’s and the Company’s bank facilities are disclosed in note 20.

26 Events after the Balance Sheet date
On 11th February 2022 the Group entered into a lease for our forthcoming move to 30 St Mary Axe. This will be accounted for in the 
2022 Financial Statements whereby a right of use asset and corresponding lease liability for c.£3m will be included in the Statement of 
Financial Position.

Non-current assets
Investments

Total non-current assets

Current assets
Amounts owed by subsidiary undertakings
Trade and other receivables
Current tax receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Bank loans
Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings
Other tax and social security
Trade and other payables

Total current liabilities

Net current assets

Non-current liabilities
Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Called up share capital
Share premium
Retained earnings

Total equity

Note

1

2021
£m

44.1

44.1

6.4
0.2
1.2
17.5

25.3

69.4

(15.0)
(6.5)
(1.7)
(0.1)

(23.3)

2.0

(28.3)

(28.3)

(51.6)

17.8

4.4
4.3
9.1

17.8

2020
£m

43.6

43.6

4.6
0.2
0.6
19.0

24.4

68.0

(15.0)
–
(6.1)
–

(21.1)

3.3

(29.9)

(29.9)

(51.0)

17.0

4.3
3.8
8.9

17.0

The profit after tax for the year was £2.2m (2020: £1.9m).

The notes on pages 107 to 108 form part of these financial statements.

The financial statements of the Company were approved by the Board and authorised for issue on 8th March 2022 and signed on its  
behalf by:

Iain McCusker  
Director   

Mark Lawrence
Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
106

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

107

Company Statement of Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31st December 2021

At 1st January 2020

Comprehensive income
Profit for the year

Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners
Shares acquired by ESOT
Dividends paid

Total transactions with owners

At 31st December 2020

Comprehensive income
Profit for the year

Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners
New Shares 
Shares acquired by ESOT
Share-based payment charge
Dividends paid

Total transactions with owners

At 31st December 2021

The notes on pages 107 to 108 form part of these financial statements.

Attributable to owners of the parent

Called up 
share  

capital
£m

4.3

Share 
premium
£m

3.8

–

–

–
–

–

–

–

–
–

–

4.3

3.8

–

–

0.1
–
–
–

0.1

4.4

–

–

0.5
–
–
–

0.5

4.3

Retained 
earnings
£m

9.0

1.9

1.9

(0.1)
(1.9)

(2.0)

8.9

2.2

2.2

–
(0.8)
0.7
(1.9)

(2.0)

9.1

Total
Equity
£m

17.1

1.9

1.9

(0.1)
(1.9)

(2.0)

17.0

2.2

2.2

0.6
(0.8)
0.7
(1.9)

(1.4)

17.8

Basics of Accounting
The separate financial statements of the Company are presented as required by the Companies Act 2006 (‘the Act’). The Company 
meets the definition of a qualifying entity under FRS 100 (Financial Reporting Standard 100) issued by the Financial Reporting Council. 
Accordingly, the Company has prepared its financial statements in accordance with FRS 101 (Financial Reporting Standard 101) 
‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ as issued by the Financial Reporting Council. This is the first year that the Company accounts have 
been prepared under FRS 101 (previously IFRS). 

The Company’s accounting policies are consistent with those described in the consolidated accounts of TClarke plc, except that, as 
permitted by FRS 101, the Company has taken advantage of the disclosure exemptions available under that standard in relation to 
share-based payments, financial instruments, capital management, presentation of a cash flow statement and related party  
transactions. Where required, equivalent disclosures are given in the consolidated accounts. In addition, disclosures in relation to share 
capital (note 18 (ii)) and dividends (note 18 (vi)) have not been repeated here as there are no differences to those provided in the 
consolidated accounts. There are no critical judgements the directors have made within the Company financial statements. 

These financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis as set out in the Directors’ Report on page 57, and under 
the historical cost convention. The financial statements are presented in pounds sterling, which is the Company’s functional currency, 
and unless otherwise stated have been rounded to the nearest £0.1m. The Company has taken advantage of section 408 of the Act 
and consequently the statement of comprehensive income (including the profit and loss account) of the Parent Company is not 
presented as part of these accounts.

Investments in subsidiaries are recorded at cost, being the fair value of consideration paid, and subsequently at cost less provisions for 
impairment. Cost includes the fair value of equity-settled share-based payment arrangements relating to options to acquire shares in 
TClarke plc granted to subsidiary employees under Savings Related Share Option schemes.

An annual impairment review of the carrying value of the Company’s subsidiaries is undertaken at 31st December each year in 
conjunction with the goodwill impairment review (see note 11 of consolidated financial statements), using the same underlying cash 
flow projections and other key assumptions. The impairment provision comprises the entire cost of subsidiaries where operations have 
ceased, or a reduction to recoverable amount where there has been a significant reduction in underlying trading and significant losses 
have been incurred, such that the Group is unable to recover the cost of the investment through its net asset value or future trading.

108

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Financial Statements

109

Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31st December 2021

Shareholder Information

1 Investments
All subsidiaries are wholly and directly owned by TClarke plc unless otherwise stated, and all are incorporated within the United Kingdom. 

Principal operating company
TClarke Contracting Limited

Group services company
TClarke Services Limited

Property holding company
Weylex Properties Limited

Non-trading and dormant companies
Eton Associates Limited
TClarke Europe Limited
Anglia Electrical Services Limited
D G Robson Mechanical Services Limited
G.D.I. Electrical Co. Limited
J.J. Cross Limited
J.J. Cross Services Limited*
Mitchell and Hewitt Limited
T. Clarke East Limited
TClarke Leeds Limited
TClarke Newcastle Limited
T.Clarke (Northern) Limited (dissolved 22 February 2022)
T Clarke North West Limited
T. Clarke (Scotland) Limited
TClarke South East Limited
TClarke South West Limited
Waldon Security Limited**

*  Shares held by J.J. Cross Limited.     ** Shares held by TClarke South West Limited.

Type of shares
Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary

All subsidiary companies have their registered office at 45 Moorfields, London EC2Y 9AE apart from T. Clarke (Scotland) Limited whose 
registered office is at 6 Middlefield Road, Middlefield Industrial Estate, Falkirk, Stirlingshire FK2 9AG and T.Clarke (Northern) Limited 
whose registered office is at Stanhope House, 116-118 Walworth Road, London SE17 1JL.

Investments comprise:

Cost
At 1st January
Capital Contributions

At 31st December

Impairment
At 1st January

At 31st December

Net book value
At 31st January

At 31st December

Subsidiary undertakings

2021
£m

53.2
0.5

53.7

(9.6)

(9.6)

43.6

44.1

2020
£m

53.0
0.2

53.2

(9.6)

(9.6)

43.4

43.6

Capital contributions of £0.3m were made during the year ended 31 December 2021 in relation to share based payments on behalf of 
subsidiaries (2020: £0.2m).

Company Details
Registered office:
45 Moorfields
London EC2Y 9AE
Telephone: 020 7997 7400
Email: info@tclarke.co.uk
Company registration number: 00119351

The TClarke PLC Website
Shareholders are encouraged to visit our website www.tclarke.co.uk for further information about the Company. The dedicated investor 
section on the website contains information specifically for shareholders, including regulatory announcements and copies of the latest 
and past financial statements.

Registrar
The Company’s shareholder register is maintained by our Registrar, Link Group. If you have any queries relating to your TClarke plc 
shareholding, you should contact Link Group directly by one of the methods below:

Email: shareholderenquiries@linkgroup.co.uk
Telephone: 0371 664 0300
By post: 10th Floor
Central Square
29 Wellington Street
Leeds 
LS1 4DL
Shareholder portal: www.signalshares.com
If you are yet to register, you will need your investor code.

Analysis of Shareholdings
The tables below show an analysis of Ordinary shareholdings as at 31st December 2021.

Individuals
Banks or nominees
Other corporations

Totals

Number of shares held:
1 to 5,000
5,001 to 10,000
10,001 to 50,000
50,001 to 500,000
500,001 to 1,000,000
1,000,001 +

Totals

Shares

Percentage

Holdings

Percentage

6,457,839
34,738,689
2,686,333

43,882,861

1,172,085
980,038
3,754,718
10,299,740
3,716,122
23,960,158

43,882,861

14.72%
79.16%
6.12%

100%

2.67%
2.23%
8.56%
23.47%
8.47%
54.60%

100%

730
234
25

989

604
132
170
66
6
11

989

73.81%
23.66%
2.53%

100%

61.07%
13.35%
17.19%
6.67%
0.61%
1.11%

100%

 
110

TClarke Annual Report and Financial Statements 2021

Corporate Broker
Cenkos Securities plc
6-8 Tokenhouse Yard
London EC2R 7AS
Tel: 020 7397 8900

Investor Relations
RMS Partners Limited
160 Fleet Street
London EC4A 2DQ
Tel: 020 3735 6551

Independent Auditors
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
1 Embankment Place
London WC2N 6RH

Financial Calendar
Annual General Meeting
11th May 2022

Final Dividend for 2021
Ex-dividend 21st April 2022
Record date 22nd April 2022
Payment due 20th May 2022

Half Year Results Announcement
14th July 2022

Interim Dividend for 2022
Ex-dividend 1st September 2022
Record date 2nd September 2022
Payment due 30th September 2022

Trading Update Release
24th November 2022

These dates are indicative only and may be subject to change.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan
A dividend reinvestment plan (‘DRIP’) is available to shareholders. Those shareholders who have not elected to participate in the DRIP 
and who would like to do so, should contact our Registrar, Link Group on 0371 664 0381. The last day for election for the final dividend 
for 2021 is 29th April 2022.

Designed by: Jon Budd Design Limited

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45 Moorfields, London EC2Y 9AE | 020 7997 7400 | www.tclarke.co.uk