Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Asset Management / TD AMERITRADE Holding Corporation

TD AMERITRADE Holding Corporation

amtd · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Ticker amtd
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Asset Management
Employees 5001-10,000
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FY2016 Annual Report · TD AMERITRADE Holding Corporation
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The 
Way 
Foward

Annual Report 2016

Financial Results

Despite a persistently challenging low interest rate 

Our capital-light business model gives us flexibility, 

environment, 2016 was a record year for earnings. Why? 

allowing us to return more than $700 million to our 

Sustained organic growth in the form of resilient client 

shareholders this year through dividends and share 

trading activity and strong asset gathering. Growth, plus 

buybacks. This, and prudent expense management, 

the benefits of a modest rate move, helped keep the 

continue to be the hallmarks of our fiscal strategy. We 

impact of a flattening yield curve at bay. Following efforts 

expect operating expenses to remain in check, with 

to streamline the organization and redeploy resources 

modest increases planned for 2017. By generating 

from ineffective initiatives, we ended the year with good 

savings internally, we can continue to invest in growth 

momentum and plans firmly in place to help ensure 

and deliver shareholder value—the standard against 

organic growth continues.

which we will continue to measure our success. 

Average Client Trades per Day
(thousands)

Net New Client Assets1
(billions)

Earnings Per Share

462

463

427

374

360

$63

$60

$53

$50

$41

$1.58

$1.49

$1.42

$1.22

$1.06

‘12

‘13

‘14

‘15

‘16

‘12

‘13

‘14

‘15

‘16

‘12

‘13

‘14

‘15

‘16

Total Client Assets
(billions)

$774

$653

$667

$556

$472

Pre-tax Margin 

 EBITDA2
(billions)

41% 40%

39%

38%

34%

$1.48 $1.51 $1.50

$1.29

$1.10

‘12

‘13

‘14

‘15

‘16

‘12

‘13

‘14

‘15

‘16

‘12

‘13

‘14

‘15

‘16

(1)  Net new assets consists of total client asset inflows, less total client asset outflows, excluding activity from business combinations. Client asset inflows include 
interest and dividend payments and exclude changes in client assets due to market fluctuations. Net new assets are measured based on the market value of 
the assets as of the date of the inflows and outflows. 

(2) See reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures on page 106.

 
Letter to Shareholders

Dear Shareholders,

What times we live in. 

Deliveries by drone. Self-driving cars. Artificial intelligence in 

the kitchen. Technology is advancing faster than we could 

Tim Hockey  
President & Chief Executive Officer

“

 Tomorrow’s TD Ameritrade will be a high-tech, 

high-touch company, with a client experience 

imagine, and now we have entered a truly “smart” age 

grounded in flexibility and client choice.

filled with smarter communication, smarter homes, and 

ever smarter lives. 

It’s a fascinating prospect. 

”

Forty-one years ago, when trading commissions were deregulated and we opened our doors, we were intent on one thing: 

making the markets available to more Americans. Today, thanks to technology, we’re intent on making them more meaningful. 

Our work is not just about giving people access to the markets. It’s helping them better understand how the markets can work 

for them so they can make confident decisions that bring greater value to their financial lives.

That’s what we do, and we’ve done it well. Consider our top-line financial results for fiscal 2016:

•  Average client trades per day of 463,000;

•  Net new client assets of $60 billion;

•  Record total client assets of approximately $774 billion;

•  Record net revenues of $3.3 billion; and

•  Record $1.58 in earnings per diluted share.

Looking beyond the numbers, you can see our success reflected in a strong consumer brand that appeals to clients and 

prospects. Investors and independent registered investment advisors (RIAs) of all sizes and abilities are finding value in what 

we offer and entrusting us with their valuable assets. 

We’ve built a leading market share position in trading. We have expanded our offerings over the years, introducing broader 

long-term investing solutions. And, we’ve grown net new client assets by double digits in seven of the last eight years. 

None of our peers have done that. 

We have a simple, focused strategy and a strong corporate culture—a healthy combination. And yet, as computing power 

and the opportunities afforded by newer technologies continue to grow, we would be doing our clients and you, our 

shareholders, a disservice if we didn’t consider how they might make us even better. On this we agree: what we are works, 
but how we do it must continue to evolve. 

Welcome to the next phase at TD Ameritrade.

It’s a phase inspired by our commitment to the client experience. Eliminate friction points. Offer a full continuum of 

solutions for investors and RIAs that address what they need, and how they want to consume it. Be there for our clients 

with information, education and support when they need it most. Make the trading experience easier and more intuitive. 

Delivering on these promises is table stakes.

It won’t be easy. The financial services landscape, with lower barriers to entry and a fierce hunger to disrupt, is as 

competitive as ever. According to a study from Aite Group, financing for Fintech start-ups from 2014 to 2015 grew by 67 

percent, and incumbents across our space have taken notice. 

So what is our plan? Remaining competitive in the next phase will require greater speed and scale, and we’re laying the 

foundation to make that possible. In 2016 we challenged each other to pare back unnecessary projects and self-fund 

a 25 percent increase in technology spend for 2017. We continued to mature our Lean processes to deliver work that’s 

valuable for clients, and we introduced Agile methods to speed up development cycles. Our new robo-advisor,  

TD Ameritrade Essential Portfolios, is one output of these changes—announced in July and launched just 14 weeks later. 

By flattening our organizational structure, pushing decision-making down and empowering our people to test small, fail fast 

and move on, we plan to turn what was once an innovation “funnel” into a “pipe”—with a goal of increasing our output by 

50 percent in the coming year. 

Tomorrow’s TD Ameritrade will be a high-tech, high-touch company, with a client experience grounded in flexibility and 

client choice. It’s a continuum, from a completely online offering for investors who want to do everything themselves, to 

advice-embedded offerings like Essential Portfolios and Selective Portfolios (formerly known as Amerivest Portfolios) that 

are a hybrid of high-tech and human touch, all the way up to the RIA channel at the end of the spectrum. In 2017, work 

will continue to fill in gaps along the way, with the introduction of more personalized wealth management offerings.

And we will do this without losing sight of our 

trading roots. In an age when information moves 

as fast as you can hit “post,” showing your clients 

“what’s in it for me” is just as important as the 

platform they use to act on it. Instant messaging, 

artificial intelligence and virtual reality are not just 

the future of serving our clients—they’re already 

here. In 2016 we were the first to offer text-to-chat 

functionality and the first to offer an Amazon Alexa 

skill among our brokerage peers. 

This work is only in its infancy, but we are well-

positioned to dive deeper and give it true meaning 

Special thanks to Fred Tomczyk 

TD Ameritrade wouldn’t be in the position we’re in 

today without spectacular leaders. Fred Tomczyk 

took on the role of CEO in 2008 at the dawn of the 

worst financial crisis since the Great Depression.  

He was bold, pushing for his own brand of necessary 

change at a time when other companies were barely 

treading water. As a result, we have enjoyed one 

of the best runs of organic growth in our history. It 

goes without saying that one of the reasons why we 

believe so strongly in our strategy is because Fred 

for our clients. The industry may be crowded today 

helped install it. 

with incumbents and next-gen disruptors trying to 

do the same, but we have something that many 

of the others don’t—scale. It gives us the ultimate 

edge when it comes to distribution. 

And now, as he begins his well-deserved retirement, 

we extend to him a final thank you.

That’s why our proposed acquisition of Scottrade Financial Services, Inc., is so special. Today we have seven million funded 

client accounts, more than 100 branches, and a network of financial consultants providing the personal touch that 

enables stronger client relationships and long-term asset growth. Add Scottrade, with its 500 branches and three million 

client accounts, and we will have the capacity to distribute what we create over the coming years in even more efficient 

and meaningful ways. This brings our “high-tech, high-touch” strategy to reality.

The prospect of helping millions of Americans build better financial futures on their terms—online, on a smartphone,  

in a branch or via newer, untapped capabilities, is highly appealing, and we are humbled at the opportunity to lead  

TD Ameritrade forward in this new “smart” age. We’ve set the bar high, but the future is bright, and thanks to your continued 

support, together we will make it a success.

Tim Hockey  
President & Chief Executive Officer

Joe Moglia
Chairman

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                 to                     

Commission file number: 1-35509

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

82-0543156
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

200 South 108th Avenue,
Omaha, Nebraska 68154
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(402) 331-7856
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock — $0.01 par value

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC 
 Nasdaq Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
(Title of class)
None

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  a  well-known  seasoned  issuer,  as  defined  in  Rule  405  of  the  Securities 

Act.    Yes  

        No  

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  not  required  to  file  reports  pursuant  to  Section 13  or  Section 15(d)  of  the 

Act.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  

        No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or 
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  

        No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will 
not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part 
III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller 
reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 
of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer 

Smaller reporting company 

Accelerated filer 

Non-accelerated filer  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  

        No  

The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $16.5 billion computed 
by reference to the closing sale price of the stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on March 31, 2016, the last trading day of the 
registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of November 8, 2016 was 526,045,827 shares.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Definitive Proxy Statement relating to the registrant's 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed hereafter (incorporated 

into Part III hereof).

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

INDEX

PART I

Page No.

Item 1.
Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 1A. Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 2.
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 

Purchases of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 6.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial Statement Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Results of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquidity and Capital Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contractual Obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 8.
Report of Ernst & Young LLP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 9B. Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 11. Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 

Stockholder Matters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exhibit Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PART IV

2

3
12
23
23
23
23

24
26
27
27
31
31
33
42
47
47
48
50
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
97
97
99

99
99

99
100
100

100
100
105

Unless  otherwise  indicated,  references  to  "we,"  "us,"  "our,"  "Company,"  or  "TD Ameritrade"  mean 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries, and references to "fiscal" mean the Company's fiscal year 
ended September 30.  References to the "parent company" mean TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation.

Item 1.  Business

Form of Organization

PART I

The Company was established in 1971 as a local investment banking firm and began operations as a retail 

discount securities brokerage firm in 1975.  The parent company is a Delaware corporation.

Operations

We are a leading provider of securities brokerage services and related technology-based financial services to 
retail  investors,  traders  and  independent  registered  investment  advisors  ("RIAs").    We  provide  our  services 
predominantly through the Internet, a national branch network and relationships with RIAs.  We believe that our 
services appeal to a broad market of independent, value-conscious retail investors, traders and investment advisors.  
We use our platform to offer brokerage services to retail investors and investment advisors under a simple, low-
cost commission structure.

We have been an innovator in electronic brokerage services since entering the retail securities brokerage 
business in 1975.  We believe that we were the first brokerage firm to offer the following products and services to 
retail clients: touch-tone trading; trading over the Internet; unlimited, streaming, free real-time quotes; extended 
trading hours; direct access to market destinations; and commitment on the speed of order execution.  Since initiating 
online trading, we have substantially increased our number of brokerage accounts, number of RIA relationships, 
average daily trading volume and total assets in client accounts.  We have also built, and continue to invest in, a 
proprietary  trade  processing  platform  that  is  both  cost-efficient  and  highly  scalable,  significantly  lowering  our 
operating costs per trade.  In addition, we have made significant investments in building the TD Ameritrade brand.

Strategy

We intend to capitalize on the growth and consolidation of the retail brokerage industry in the United States 
and leverage our low-cost infrastructure to grow our market share and profitability.  Our long-term growth strategy 
is to increase our market share of total assets in client accounts, while maintaining a leadership position in client 
trading, by providing superior offerings to long-term investors, RIAs and active traders.  We strive to enhance the 
client experience by providing asset management products and services, enhanced trading tools and capabilities 
and a superior, proprietary, single-platform system to support RIAs.  The key elements of our strategy are as follows:

•  Focus on brokerage services.    We continue to focus on attracting active traders, long-term investors and 
RIAs to our brokerage services.  This focused strategy is designed to enable us to maintain our low operating 
cost structure while offering our clients outstanding products and services.  We primarily route for execution 
of client trades on an agency, rather than a principal, basis.  We maintain only a small inventory of fixed 
income securities to meet client requirements. 

•  Provide  a  comprehensive  long-term  investor  solution.    We  continue  to  expand  our  suite  of  diversified 
investment products and services to best serve investors' needs.  We help clients make investment decisions 
by providing simple-to-use investment tools, guidance, education and objective third-party research.

•  Maintain industry leadership and market share with active traders.    We help active traders make better-
informed investment decisions by offering fast access to markets, insight into market trends and innovative 
tools such as strategy back-testing and comprehensive options research and trading capabilities.

•  Continue to be a leader in the RIA industry.    We provide RIAs with comprehensive brokerage and custody 
services supported by our robust integrated technology platform, customized personal service and practice 
management solutions.

3

• 

Leverage our infrastructure to add incremental revenue.    Through our proprietary technology, we are able 
to provide a robust online experience for long-term investors and active traders.  Our low-cost, scalable 
systems provide speed, reliability and quality trade execution services for clients.  The scalable capacity of 
our trading system allows us to add a significant number of transactions while incurring minimal additional 
fixed costs.

•  Continue to be a low-cost provider of quality services.    We achieve low operating costs per trade by creating 
economies  of  scale,  utilizing  our  proprietary  transaction-processing  systems,  continuing  to  automate 
processes  and  locating  much  of  our  operations  in  low-cost  geographical  areas.    This  low  fixed-cost 
infrastructure provides us with significant financial flexibility.  In addition, our insured deposit account 
arrangement with The Toronto-Dominion Bank ("TD") enables our clients to invest in an FDIC-insured 
deposit product without the need for the Company to establish the significant levels of capital that would 
be required to maintain our own bank charter.

•  Continue to differentiate our offerings through innovative technologies and service enhancements.    We 
have been an innovator in our industry for over 40 years.  We continually strive to provide our clients with 
the ability to customize their trading experience.  We provide our clients greater choice by offering features 
and functionality to meet their specific needs.

  We continue to see increased demand for advice, particularly as our clients approach retirement.  To address 
this need we are building out a full continuum of advice products ranging from an automated investing 
product to a customized portfolio advice solution.

• 

Leverage  the  TD Ameritrade  brand.    We  believe  that  we  have  a  superior  brand  identity  and  that  our 
advertising has established TD Ameritrade as a leading brand in the retail brokerage market.

•  Continue  to  evaluate  opportunities  for  growth  through  acquisitions.    When  evaluating  potential 
acquisitions, we look for transactions that will give us operational leverage, technological leverage, increased 
market share or other strategic opportunities.

Planned Acquisition of Scottrade Financial Services, Inc.

On October 24, 2016, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Scottrade Financial Services, 
Inc. ("Scottrade"), a Delaware corporation, Rodger O. Riney, as Voting Trustee of the Rodger O. Riney Family 
Voting Trust U/A/D 12/31/2012, and Alto Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary 
of the Company, pursuant to which we agreed to acquire Scottrade in a cash and equity transaction valued at $4 
billion.  The transaction will take place in two, consecutive steps. First, and as a condition precedent to our acquisition 
of Scottrade, TD will purchase Scottrade Bank from Scottrade for $1.3 billion in cash, subject to closing adjustments.  
Under the terms of the planned acquisition, Scottrade Bank will merge with and into TD Bank, N.A., an indirect 
wholly-owned subsidiary of TD.  Additionally, we expect TD to purchase $400 million in new common equity, or 
approximately 11 million shares, from us in connection with the planned transaction.  Immediately following TD's 
acquisition of Scottrade Bank, we will acquire Scottrade for $4 billion less the proceeds from the sale of Scottrade 
Bank, which is subject to closing adjustments. We intend to fund the acquisition of Scottrade with $1 billion in new 
common equity, or approximately 28 million shares, issued to Scottrade shareholders, cash on hand, proceeds from 
the sale of our common stock to TD, as described above, and debt financing. The transaction is subject to regulatory 
approvals  and  customary  closing  conditions  and  is  expected  to  close  by  September  30,  2017.    Following  the 
transaction's close, Scottrade Founder and CEO, Rodger Riney, will be appointed to our board of directors.

Client Offerings

We deliver products and services aimed at providing a comprehensive, personalized experience for active 

traders, long-term investors and independent RIAs.  Our client offerings are described below:

Trading and Investing Platforms

• 

tdameritrade.com Web Platform is our core offering for self-directed retail investors.  We offer a broad array 
of tools and services, including alerts, screeners, conditional orders and free fundamental third-party research.  
The Dock is an ever-present dashboard of streaming content that makes it easy for clients to stay on top of 
current market activities relevant to their investment positions.  Modules such as streaming news, stock 

4

• 

• 

• 

• 

events, and account balances ensure clients stay well informed.  Free planning tools are also provided, such 
as Portfolio Planner to efficiently create a bundle of securities to trade, invest and rebalance and Retirement 
Planner to assess retirement needs.  Social Signals is a one of a kind trading resource that pulls insights from 
Twitter and compiles them in one place. 

Trade Architect®  is  a  powerful  and  intuitive  web-based  platform  that  helps  active  investors  and  traders 
identify opportunities and stay informed.  It includes advanced features such as complex options, Level II 
equity and option quotes, streaming news from CNBC, free research reports from sources such as S&P 
Capital  IQ,  visual  position  profit/loss  analysis  and  Trade  Finder,  a  tool  that  simplifies  the  process  of 
identifying and making option trades based on the client's strategy.

thinkorswim®  is  a  downloadable  desktop  platform  designed  for  advanced  traders,  featuring  easy-to-use 
interfaces, elite-level trading and analytical tools, and fast and efficient order routing for complex trading 
strategies.  thinkorswim clients trade a broad range of products including stock and stock options, index 
options, futures and futures options, foreign exchange and exchange-traded funds ("ETFs").

TD Ameritrade Mobile allows on-the-go investors and traders to trade and monitor accounts from web-
enabled mobile devices with features such as alerts, research, streaming market commentary and the ability 
to deposit a check directly from a smartphone or tablet.  With a mobile device, a client can snap a picture 
of a bar code on any item, and if the company is publicly traded, Snapstock™ can return the company name, 
ticker symbol and a stock quote along with company-related news and charts.  Access is available through 
the TD Ameritrade Mobile App, the more advanced TD Ameritrade Mobile Trader App or via a mobile 
browser at the TD Ameritrade Mobile Site.

TD Ameritrade Institutional is a leading provider of comprehensive brokerage and custody services to more 
than 5,000 independent RIAs and their clients.  Our advanced technology platform, coupled with personal 
support from our dedicated service teams, allows RIAs to grow and manage their practices more effectively 
and efficiently while optimizing time with clients.  Additionally, TD Ameritrade Institutional provides a 
robust offering of products, programs and services.  These services are all designed to help advisors build 
their businesses and do the best possible job they can to help their clients with their financial goals.

Other Offerings

• 

• 

Investools® offers a comprehensive suite of investor education products and services for stock, option, foreign 
exchange,  futures,  mutual  fund  and  fixed-income  investors.    Our  education  subsidiary,  Investools,  Inc., 
offers educational products and services primarily built around an investing method that is designed to teach 
both experienced and beginning investors how to approach the selection process for investment securities 
and actively manage their investment portfolios.  Course offerings are generally combined with web-based 
tools, personalized instruction techniques and ongoing service and support and are offered in a variety of 
learning  formats.    Designed  for  the  advanced  student,  continuing  education  programs  offer  students 
comprehensive access to education products and services priced either individually or on a bundled basis.  
Typically  included  in  the  continuing  education  bundles  are  additional  curriculum,  online  courses,  live 
workshops and coaching services.

TD Ameritrade's Goal Planning sessions are a complimentary service where clients meet with an investment 
consultant and develop an investment plan, based on a variety of factors including personal goals, time to 
achieve goal, risk tolerance, assets and net worth.  Clients learn how likely they are to achieve their goals 
and how hypothetical changes to their decisions could influence their plan.

•  Amerivest® is an advisory service that develops portfolios of ETFs or mutual funds, along with cash and 
cash  alternatives,  to  help  long-term  investors  pursue  their  financial  goals.    Our  subsidiary, Amerivest 
Investment Management, LLC, recommends an investment portfolio based on an investor's objective, time 
horizon and risk tolerance.

•  AdvisorDirect® is a national referral service for investors who wish to engage the services of an independent 
RIA.  AdvisorDirect refers interested investors to one or more independent RIAs that are unaffiliated with 
TD Ameritrade and that offer investment management and/or financial planning services to investors served 
by TD Ameritrade's branch offices.  We strive to have all RIAs participating in AdvisorDirect meet or exceed 
TD Ameritrade's professional eligibility requirements.

5

• 

TD Ameritrade Corporate Services provides self-directed brokerage services to employees of corporations, 
either directly in partnership with the employer or through joint marketing relationships with third-party 
administrators, such as 401(k) providers and employee benefit consultants.  Trust and custody services are 
also offered to a wide range of plan types through our TD Ameritrade Trust Company subsidiary.

Products and Services

We strive to provide the best value of retail brokerage services to our clients.  The products and services 

available to our clients include:

•  Common and preferred stock.    Clients can purchase common and preferred stocks, American Depository 

Receipts and closed-end funds traded on any United States exchange or quotation system. 

•  Exchange-Traded Funds.    ETFs are baskets of securities (stocks or bonds) that typically track recognized 
indices.  They are similar to mutual funds, except that they trade on an exchange like stocks.  Our ETF 
Market  Center  offers  our  clients  over  100  commission-free  ETFs,  each  of  which  has  been  selected  by 
independent experts at Morningstar Associates, LLC.  Trades in these ETFs are commission-free, provided 
the funds are held for 30 days or longer.  Our website includes an ETF screener, along with independent 
research and commentary to assist investors in their decision-making.

•  Options.    We offer a full range of option trades, including complex and multi-leg option strategies.

•  Futures.    We offer futures trades, as well as options on futures, in a wide variety of commodities, stock 

indices and currencies.

•  Foreign exchange.    We offer access to trading in over 75 different currency pairs.

•  Mutual funds.    Clients can compare and select from a portfolio of over 13,000 mutual funds from leading 
fund families, including a broad range of no-transaction-fee ("NTF") funds.  Clients can also easily exchange 
funds within the same mutual fund family.

•  Fixed income.    We offer our clients access to a variety of Treasury, corporate, government agency and 

municipal bonds, as well as certificates of deposit.

•  New and secondary issue securities.    We offer primary and secondary offerings of fixed income securities, 

closed-end funds, common stock and preferred stock.

•  Margin lending.    We extend credit to clients that maintain margin accounts.  Portfolio margin, which bases 
margin requirements on the net exposure of all positions in an account rather than just on individual positions, 
is also available for accounts with net liquidating values of at least $125,000.

•  Cash management services.    Through third-party banking relationships, we offer FDIC-insured deposit 
accounts  and  money  market  mutual  funds  to  our  clients  as  cash  sweep  alternatives.    Through  these 
relationships, we also offer free standard checking, free online bill pay and ATM services with unlimited 
ATM fee reimbursements at any machine nationwide.

•  Annuities.    We offer access to a full range of competitively priced fixed and variable annuities provided 

by highly-rated insurance carriers.

6

We earn commissions and transaction fees on client trades in common and preferred stock, ETFs, closed-end 
funds, options, futures, foreign exchange, mutual funds and fixed income securities.  Margin lending and the related 
securities lending business generate net interest revenue.  Cash management services and fee-based mutual funds 
generate insured deposit account fees and investment product fee revenues.  Other revenues include revenue from 
education  services,  miscellaneous  securities  brokerage  fees  and  annuities.    The  following  table  presents  the 
percentage of net revenues contributed by each class of similar services during the last three fiscal years:

Class of Service
Commissions and transaction fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insured deposit account fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net interest revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment product fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percentage of Net Revenues
Fiscal Year Ended September 30,

2016

2015

2014

41.2%

27.8%

17.9%

11.3%

1.8%

43.1%

25.8%

19.2%

10.3%

1.6%

43.2%

26.3%

18.6%

9.9%

2.0%

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

We provide our clients with an array of channels to access our products and services.  These include the 
Internet,  our  network  of  retail  branches,  mobile  trading  applications,  interactive  voice  response  and  registered 
representatives via telephone.

Client Service and Support

We strive to provide the best client service in the industry as measured by: (1) speed of response time to 
telephone  calls,  (2) turnaround  time  responding  to  client  inquiries  and  (3) client  satisfaction  with  the  account 
relationship.

We endeavor to optimize our client service by:

•  Ensuring  prompt  response  to  client  service  calls  through  adequate  staffing  with  properly  trained  and 
motivated personnel in our client service departments, a majority of whom hold the Series 7 license;

•  Tailoring client service to the particular expectations of the clients of each of our client segments; and

•  Expanding our use of technology to provide automated responses to the most typical inquiries generated in 

the course of clients' securities trading and related activities.

We provide access to client service and support through the following means:

•  Websites.    Our  websites  provide  basic  information  on  how  to  use  our  services,  as  well  as  an  in-depth 
education  center  that  includes  a  selection  of  online  investing  courses.    "Ted,"  our  Virtual  Investment 
Consultant, is a web tool that allows retail clients to interact with a virtual representative to ask about our 
products, tools and services.

•  Branches.    We  offer  a  nationwide  network  of  over  100  retail  branches,  located  primarily  in  large 

metropolitan areas.

•  Email.    Clients are encouraged to use email to contact our client service representatives.  Our operating 
standards require a response within 24 hours of receipt of the email; however, we strive to respond within 
four hours after receiving the original message.

• 

Telephone.    For clients who choose to call or whose inquiries necessitate calling one of our client service 
representatives,  we  provide  a  toll-free  number  that  connects  to  advanced  call  handling  systems.   These 
systems provide automated answering and directing of calls to the proper department.  Our systems also 
allow linkage between caller identification and the client database to give the client service representative 
immediate access to the client's account data when the call is received.  Client service representatives are 
available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

7

•  Mobile  app.    Support  on  our  TD Ameritrade  Mobile  Trader App  allows  clients  to  text  with  a  trading 
specialist for immediate answers to their questions or share their screen for help with navigating the app.

Technology and Information Systems

Our technological capabilities and systems are central to our business and are critical to our goal of providing 
the best execution at the best value to our clients.  Our operations require reliable, scalable systems that can handle 
complex financial transactions for our clients with speed and accuracy.  We maintain sophisticated and proprietary 
technology that automates traditionally labor-intensive securities transactions.  Our ability to effectively leverage 
and adopt new technology to improve our services is a key component of our success.

We continue to make investments in technology and information systems.  We have spent a significant amount 
of resources to increase capacity and improve speed, reliability and security.  To provide for system continuity during 
potential power outages, we have equipped our data centers with uninterruptible power supply units and back-up 
generators.

Advertising and Marketing

We intend to continue to grow and increase our market share by advertising online, on television, in print and 
email and on our own websites, and utilizing various forms of social media.  We invest heavily in advertising 
programs designed to bring greater brand recognition to our services.  We intend to continue to aggressively advertise 
our services.  From time to time, we may choose to increase our advertising to target specific groups of investors 
or to decrease advertising in response to market conditions.

Advertising for retail clients is generally conducted through websites, social media, financial news networks 
and other television and cable networks.  We also place print advertisements in a broad range of business publications 
and use email advertising.  Advertising for institutional clients is significantly less than for retail clients and is 
generally conducted through highly-targeted media.

To monitor the success of our various marketing efforts, we utilize a media mix model that uses robust data 
sets to analyze our marketing channels and identify high value client segments.  This model also supports decisions 
on  spending  levels  and  helps  us  determine  the  point  at  which  we  begin  to  experience  diminishing  returns.  
Additionally,  our  advanced  data  and  analytics  capabilities  enable  a  more  targeted,  personalized  experience  for 
prospective clients.  How we share client information is disclosed in our privacy statement.

All of our securities brokerage-related communications with the public are regulated by the Financial Industry 
Regulatory Authority ("FINRA").  All of our futures and foreign exchange brokerage-related communications with 
the public are regulated by the National Futures Association ("NFA").

Clearing Operations

Our subsidiary, TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. ("TDAC"), provides clearing and execution services to our 
introducing broker-dealer subsidiary.  Clearing services include the confirmation, receipt, settlement, delivery and 
record-keeping  functions  involved  in  processing  securities  transactions.    Our  clearing  broker-dealer  subsidiary 
provides the following back office functions:

•  Maintaining client accounts;

•  Extending credit in a margin account to the client;

•  Engaging in securities lending and borrowing transactions;

• 

• 

• 

• 

Settling securities transactions with clearinghouses such as The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation 
and The Options Clearing Corporation;

Settling commissions and transaction fees;

Preparing client trade confirmations and statements;

Performing designated cashiering functions, including the delivery and receipt of funds and securities to or 
from the client;

8

• 

• 

Possession, control and safeguarding of funds and securities in client accounts;

Processing cash sweep transactions to and from insured deposit accounts and money market mutual funds;

•  Transmitting tax accounting information to the client and to the applicable tax authority; and

• 

Forwarding prospectuses, proxy materials and other shareholder information to clients.

We contract with external providers for futures clearing.  We also contract with an external provider to facilitate 

foreign exchange trading for our clients.

Competition

We believe that the principal determinants of success in the retail brokerage market are brand recognition, 
size of client base and client assets, ability to attract new clients and client assets, client trading activity, efficiency 
of operations, technology infrastructure and access to financial resources.  We also believe that the principal factors 
considered by clients in choosing a brokerage firm are reputation, client service quality, price, convenience, product 
offerings, quality of trade execution, platform capabilities, innovation and overall value.  Based on our experience, 
focus group research and the success we have enjoyed to date, we believe that we presently compete successfully 
in each of these categories.

The market for brokerage services, particularly electronic brokerage services, continues to evolve and is highly 
competitive.  We experience significant competition and expect this competitive environment to continue.  We 
encounter  direct  competition  from  numerous  other  brokerage  firms,  many  of  which  provide  online  brokerage 
services.    These  competitors  include  E*TRADE  Financial  Corporation,  The  Charles  Schwab  Corporation  and 
Fidelity Investments.  Scottrade is also a competitor, but we have agreed to acquire Scottrade.  For further information 
about the Scottrade acquisition, please see "Planned Acquisition of Scottrade Financial Services, Inc." above.  We 
also encounter competition from established full-commission brokerage firms such as Merrill Lynch and Morgan 
Stanley,  as  well  as  financial  institutions,  mutual  fund  sponsors,  online  wealth  management  services  and  other 
organizations, some of which provide online brokerage services.

Regulation

The securities, futures and foreign exchange industries are subject to extensive regulation under federal and 
state law.  Broker-dealers are required to register with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and 
to be members of FINRA.  Our futures commission merchant ("FCM") and forex dealer member ("FDM") subsidiary, 
TD Ameritrade Futures & Forex LLC ("TDAFF"), is registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission 
("CFTC") and is a member of, and the corresponding services functions are regulated by, the NFA.  Our broker-
dealer subsidiaries are subject to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") 
relating to broker-dealers, including, among other things, minimum net capital requirements under the SEC Uniform 
Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1), "best execution" requirements for client trades under SEC guidelines and FINRA 
rules and segregation of client funds under the SEC Customer Protection Rule (Rule 15c3-3), administered by the 
SEC and FINRA.  TDAFF is subject to regulations under the Commodity Exchange Act, administered by the CFTC 
and NFA, including CFTC Regulations 1.17 and 5.7, which require the maintenance of  minimum  adjusted net 
capital, and CFTC Regulation 1.20, which requires segregation of client funds.

Net capital rules are designed to protect clients, counterparties and creditors by requiring a broker-dealer, an 
FCM or an FDM to have sufficient liquid resources available to satisfy its financial obligations.  Net capital is a 
measure of a broker-dealer's, an FCM's or an FDM's readily available liquid assets, reduced by its total liabilities 
other than approved subordinated debt.  Under the Uniform Net Capital Rule, a broker-dealer may not repay any 
subordinated borrowings, pay cash dividends or make any unsecured advances or loans to its parent company or 
employees if such payment would result in a net capital amount below required levels.  An FCM and FDM, such 
as TDAFF, must provide notice to the CFTC if its adjusted net capital amounts are below required levels.

As explained in SEC guidelines and FINRA rules, brokers are required to seek the "best execution" reasonably 
available for their clients' orders.  In part, this requires brokers to use reasonable diligence so that the price to the 
client is as favorable as possible under prevailing market conditions.  We send client orders to a number of market 
centers, including market makers and exchanges, which encourages competition and ensures redundancy.  We utilize 
a committee structure to conduct regular reviews of the securities trade execution quality we obtain from these 

9

market centers.  For non-directed client orders, it is our policy to route orders to market centers based on a number 
of  factors  that  are  more  fully  discussed  in  the  Supplemental  Materials  of  FINRA  Rule  5310,  including,  where 
applicable, but not necessarily limited to, speed of execution, price improvement opportunities, differences in price 
disimprovement, likelihood of executions, the marketability of the order, size guarantees, service levels and support, 
the reliability of order handling systems, client needs and expectations, transaction costs and whether the firm will 
receive remuneration for routing order flow to such market centers.  Price improvement is available under certain 
market conditions and for certain order types and we regularly monitor executions to test for such improvement if 
available.  Each quarter we also publicly disclose on SEC Rule 606 Reports information about the market centers 
we  use  and  the  related  order  routing  revenue  we  received.    Our  SEC  Rule  606  Reports  can  be  found  at 
www.tdameritrade.com.

Certain of our subsidiaries are also registered as investment advisors under the Investment Advisers Act of 
1940.    We  are  also  subject  to  regulation  in  all  50  states  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  including  registration 
requirements.  TD Ameritrade Trust Company is chartered in the state of Maine as a state-regulated non-depository 
trust company.

In its capacity as a securities clearing firm, TDAC is a member of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation 
("DTCC") and The Options Clearing Corporation ("OCC"), each of which is registered as a clearing agency with 
the SEC.  As a member of these clearing agencies, TDAC is required to comply with the rules of such clearing 
agencies, including rules relating to possession or control of client funds and securities, margin lending and execution 
and settlement of transactions.

Margin lending activities are subject to limitations imposed by regulations of the Federal Reserve System and 
FINRA.  In general, these regulations provide that, in the event of a significant decline in the value of securities 
collateralizing a margin account, we are required to obtain additional collateral from the borrower or liquidate 
security positions.

We are subject to a number of state and federal laws applicable to companies conducting business on the 

Internet that address client privacy, system security and safeguarding practices and the use of client information.

For additional, important information relating to government regulation, please review the information set 
forth under the heading "Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory and Legislative Environment" in Item 1A — Risk 
Factors.

Risk Management

Our business activities expose us to various risks.  Identifying and measuring our risks is critical to our ability 
to manage risk within acceptable tolerance levels in order to minimize the effect on our business, results of operations 
and financial condition.

Our management team is responsible for managing risk, and it is overseen by our board of directors, primarily 
through the board's Risk Committee.  We use risk management processes and have policies and procedures for 
identifying, measuring and managing risks, including establishing threshold levels for our most significant risks.  
Our  risk  management,  compliance,  internal  audit,  and  legal  departments  assist  management  in  identifying  and 
managing risks.  Our management team's Enterprise Risk Committee ("ERC") is responsible for reviewing risk 
exposures and risk mitigation.  Subcommittees of the ERC have been established to assist in identifying and managing 
specific areas of risk.

Our business exposes us to the following broad categories of risk:

Operational Risk — Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes 
or controls, human error or misconduct, systems and technology problems or from external events.  It also involves 
compliance with regulatory and legal requirements.  Operational risk is the most prevalent form of risk in our risk 
profile.  We manage operational risk by establishing policies and procedures to accomplish timely and efficient 
processing, obtaining periodic internal control attestations from management and conducting internal audit reviews 
to evaluate the effectiveness of internal controls.

Market Risk — Market risk is the risk of loss resulting from adverse movements in market factors, such as 
asset prices, foreign exchange rates and interest rates.  Our market risk related to asset prices is mitigated by our 
routing for execution of client trades primarily on an agency, rather than a principal, basis and our maintenance of 
10

only a small inventory of fixed-income securities to meet client requirements.  Interest rate risk is our most prevalent 
form of market risk.  For more information about our interest rate risk and how we manage it, see Item 7A — 
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Credit Risk — Credit risk is the risk of loss resulting from failure of obligors to honor their payments.  Our 
exposure to credit risk mainly arises from client margin lending and leverage activities, securities lending activities 
and other counterparty credit risks.  For more information about our credit risk and how we manage it, see Item 7A –
 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Liquidity Risk — Liquidity risk is the risk of loss resulting from the inability to meet current and future cash 
flow needs.  We actively monitor our liquidity position at the holding company and at the broker-dealer and FCM/
FDM subsidiary levels.  For more information, see Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources.

Strategic  Risk — Strategic  risk  is  the  risk  of  loss  arising  from  ineffective  business  strategies,  improper 
implementation  of  business  strategies,  or  lack  of  responsiveness  to  changes  in  the  business  and  competitive 
environment.  Our executive management is responsible for establishing an appropriate corporate strategy intended 
to create value for stockholders, clients and employees, with oversight by our board of directors.  Our management 
is responsible for defining the priorities, initiatives and resources necessary to execute the strategic plan, the success 
of which is regularly evaluated by the board of directors.

Reputational Risk — Reputational risk is the risk arising from possible negative perceptions, whether true or 
not, of the Company among our clients, counterparties, stockholders, suppliers, employees and regulators.  The 
potential for either enhancing or damaging our reputation is inherent in almost all aspects of business activity.  We 
manage this risk through our commitment to a set of core values that emphasize and reward high standards of ethical 
behavior, maintaining a culture of compliance and by being responsive to client and regulatory requirements.

Risk is inherent in our business, and therefore, despite our efforts to manage risk, there can be no assurance 
that we will not sustain unexpected losses.  For a discussion of the factors that could materially affect our business, 
financial condition or future results of operations, see Item 1A — Risk Factors.

Intellectual Property Rights

Our  success  and  ability  to  compete  are  significantly  dependent  on  our  intellectual  property.   We  rely  on 
copyright, trade secret, trademark, domain name, patent and contract laws to protect our intellectual property and 
have utilized the various methods available to us, including filing applications for patents and trademark registrations 
with  the  United  States  Patent  and  Trademark  Office  and  entering  into  written  licenses  and  other  technology 
agreements with third parties.  Our patented and patent pending technologies include stock indexing and investor 
education technologies, as well as innovative trading and analysis tools.  Our trademarks include both our primary 
brand, TD Ameritrade, as well as brands for other products and services.  A substantial portion of our intellectual 
property is protected by trade secrets.  The source and object code for our proprietary software is also protected 
using  applicable  methods  of  intellectual  property  protection  and  general  protections  afforded  to  confidential 
information.  In addition, it is our policy to enter into confidentiality and intellectual property ownership agreements 
with  our  employees  and  confidentiality  and  noncompetition  agreements  with  our  independent  contractors  and 
business partners and to control access to and distribution of our intellectual property.

Employees

As of September 30, 2016, we had 6,010 full-time equivalent employees.  None of our employees is covered 
by a collective bargaining agreement.  We believe that our relations with our employees are good.  In fiscal 2016, 
we surveyed our employees and found that 87% responded favorably to questions designed to measure sustainable 
employee engagement.  This score placed us in the "best in class" companies benchmark as measured by Willis 
Towers Watson for the fifth year in a row.

Financial Information about Segments and Geographic Areas

We primarily operate in the securities brokerage industry and have no other reportable segments.  Substantially 
all of our revenues from external clients for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were derived 
from our operations in the United States.

11

Websites and Social Media Disclosure

From  time  to  time,  the  Company  may  use  its  website  and/or Twitter as  distribution  channels  of  material 
information.  The Company's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, financial data and other important information 
regarding the Company is routinely accessible through and posted on the Company's website at www.amtd.com
and  its Twitter account  @TDAmeritradePR.    We  ask  that  interested  parties  visit  or  subscribe  to  newsfeeds  at 
www.amtd.com/newsroom to automatically receive email alerts and other information, including the most up-to-
date corporate financial information, presentation announcements, transcripts and archives.  The website to access 
the  Company's  Twitter  account  is  https://twitter.com/TDAmeritradePR.    Website  links  provided  in  this  report, 
although correct when published, may change in the future.  We make available free of charge on our website at 
www.amtd.com/investor-relations/sec-filings/ our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, 
current  reports  on  Form  8-K  and  amendments  to  those  reports,  as  soon  as  reasonably  practicable  after  we 
electronically file such material with or furnish it to the SEC.  Our SEC filings are also available on the SEC's 
website at http://www.sec.gov/.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the following factors 
which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results of operations.  Although the risks 
described below are those that management believes are the most significant, these are not the only risks facing our 
company.  Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not deem to be 
material also may materially affect our business, financial condition or future results of operations.

Risk Factors Relating to Our Business Operations

Economic conditions and other securities industry risks could adversely affect our business.

Substantially all of our revenues are derived from our securities brokerage business.  Like other securities 
brokerage businesses, we are directly affected by economic and political conditions, broad trends in business and 
finance and changes in volume and price levels of securities transactions.  Events in global financial markets in 
recent years resulted in substantial market volatility and increased client trading volume.  However, any sustained 
downturn in general economic conditions or U.S. equity markets could result in reduced client trading volume and 
net revenues.  For example, events such as the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001 and the 
invasion of Iraq in 2003 resulted in periods of substantial market volatility and reductions in trading volume and 
net revenues.  Severe market fluctuations or weak economic conditions could reduce our trading volume and net 
revenues and have a material adverse effect on our profitability.

We have exposure to interest rate risk.

As a fundamental part of our brokerage business, we invest in interest-earning assets and are obligated on 
interest-bearing liabilities.  In addition, we earn fees on our FDIC-insured deposit account arrangement with TD Bank 
USA, N.A. and TD Bank N.A., which are subject to interest rate risk.  During fiscal 2009, the Federal Open Market 
Committee reduced the federal funds target range to between 0% and 0.25%, where it remained until December 
2015 when it was increased to between 0.25% and 0.50%.  In addition, medium- to long-term interest rates have 
also decreased substantially since fiscal 2009.  This lower interest rate environment has compressed our net interest 
spread and reduced our spread-based revenues.  It has also resulted in us voluntarily waiving fees on certain money 
market mutual funds in order to prevent our clients' yields on such funds from becoming negative.

Changes in interest rates could affect the interest earned on assets differently than interest paid on liabilities.  
A rising interest rate environment generally results in our earning a larger net interest spread.  Conversely, a falling 
interest rate environment generally results in our earning a smaller net interest spread.  Our most prevalent form of 
interest rate risk is referred to as "gap" risk.  This risk occurs when the interest rates we earn on our assets change 
at a different frequency or amount than the interest rates we pay on our liabilities.  For example, in the current low 
interest rate environment, sharp increases in short-term interest rates could result in net interest spread compression 
if the yields paid on interest-bearing client balances were to increase faster than our earnings on interest-earning 
assets.  If we are unable to effectively manage our interest rate risk, changes in interest rates could have a material 
adverse effect on our profitability.

12

Our brokerage operations have exposure to liquidity risk.

Maintaining  adequate  liquidity  is  crucial  to  our  brokerage  operations,  including  key  functions  such  as 
transaction  settlement  and  margin  lending.    We  are  subject  to  cash  deposit  and  collateral  requirements  with 
clearinghouses such as the DTCC and the OCC, which may fluctuate significantly from time to time based on the 
nature and size of our clients' trading activity.  Our liquidity needs to support interest-earning assets are primarily 
met by client cash balances or financing created from our securities lending activities.  A reduction of funds available 
from these sources may require us to seek other potentially more expensive forms of financing, such as borrowings 
on our revolving credit facilities.  Our liquidity could be constrained if we are unable to obtain financing on acceptable 
terms, or at all, due to a variety of unforeseen market disruptions.  Inability to meet our funding needs on a timely 
basis would have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are exposed to credit risk with clients and counterparties.

We extend margin credit and leverage to clients, which are collateralized by client cash and securities.  We 
also borrow and lend securities in connection with our broker-dealer business.  A significant portion of our net 
revenues is derived from interest on margin loans.  By permitting clients to purchase securities on margin and 
exercise leverage with options and futures positions, we are subject to risks inherent in extending credit, especially 
during periods of rapidly declining markets in which the value of the collateral held by us could fall below the 
amount of a client's indebtedness.  In addition, in accordance with regulatory guidelines, we collateralize borrowings 
of securities by depositing cash or securities with lenders.  Sharp changes in market values of substantial amounts 
of securities and the failure by parties to the borrowing transactions to honor their commitments could have a material 
adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.

Our clearing operations expose us to liability for errors in clearing functions.

Our broker-dealer subsidiary, TDAC, provides clearing and execution services to our introducing broker-
dealer  subsidiary.    Clearing  and  execution  services  include  the  confirmation,  receipt,  settlement  and  delivery 
functions involved in securities transactions.  Clearing brokers also assume direct responsibility for the possession 
or control of client securities and other assets and the clearing of client securities transactions.  However, clearing 
brokers also must rely on third-party clearing organizations, such as the DTCC and the OCC, in settling client 
securities transactions.  Clearing securities firms, such as TDAC, are subject to substantially more regulatory control 
and examination than introducing brokers that rely on others to perform clearing functions.  Errors in performing 
clearing functions, including clerical and other errors related to the handling of funds and securities held by us on 
behalf of clients, could lead to regulatory fines and civil penalties as well as losses and liability in related legal 
proceedings brought by clients and others.

Systems failures, delays and capacity constraints could harm our business.

We receive and process trade orders through a variety of electronic channels, including the Internet, mobile 
trading applications and our interactive voice response system.  These methods of trading are heavily dependent on 
the integrity of the electronic systems supporting them.  Our systems and operations are vulnerable to damage or 
interruption  from  human  error,  natural  disasters,  power  loss,  computer  viruses,  distributed  denial  of  service 
("DDOS") attacks, spurious spam attacks, intentional acts of vandalism and similar events.  It could take several 
hours or more to restore full functionality following any of these events.  Extraordinary trading volumes could cause 
our computer systems to operate at an unacceptably slow speed or even fail.  Extraordinary Internet traffic caused 
by DDOS, spam attacks or extreme market volatility could cause our website or other trading applications to be 
unavailable or slow to respond.  While we have made significant investments to upgrade the reliability and scalability 
of our systems and added hardware to address extraordinary Internet traffic, there can be no assurance that our 
systems will be sufficient to handle such extraordinary circumstances.  Slowness or unavailability may not impact 
all trading channels evenly, and some trading channels may be impacted while others are not.  Social media and 
media reports may conflate one channel being unavailable with all channels being unavailable.  We may not be able 
to project accurately the rate, timing or cost of any increases in our business or to expand and upgrade our systems 
and infrastructure to accommodate any increases in a timely manner.  Systems failures and delays could occur and 
could cause, among other things, unanticipated disruptions in service to our clients, slower system response time 
resulting in transactions not being processed as quickly as our clients desire, decreased levels of client service and 

13

client satisfaction and harm to our reputation.  The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse 
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Failure to protect client data or prevent breaches of our information systems could expose us to liability or 
reputational damage.

We are dependent on information technology networks and systems to securely process, transmit and store 
electronic information and to communicate among our locations and with our clients and vendors.  As the breadth 
and complexity of this infrastructure continue to grow, the potential risk of security breaches and cyber-attacks 
increases.  As a financial services company, we are continuously subject to cyber-attacks by third parties.  Such 
breaches could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of our systems and potential unauthorized disclosure of confidential 
information.  In addition, vulnerabilities of our external service providers and other third parties could pose security 
risks to client information.  The secure transmission of confidential information over public networks is also a 
critical element of our operations.

We, along with the financial services industry in general, have experienced losses related to clients' login and 
password information being compromised, generally caused by attacks capturing credentials directly from clients 
themselves, through phishing attacks, clients' use of non-secure public computers or vulnerabilities of clients' private 
computers and mobile devices.  In 2007, we discovered and eliminated unauthorized code from our computer systems 
that had allowed an unauthorized third party to retrieve client email addresses, names, addresses and phone numbers 
from an internal database.  Following the incident, the Company incurred significant remediation costs.  We are 
aware of subsequent attempts by other attackers to penetrate our systems using similar techniques and similar attacks 
against other financial institutions.  If a similar incident were to occur, we could suffer damage to our reputation 
and incur significant remediation costs and losses. 

In providing services to clients, we manage, utilize and store sensitive and confidential client data, including 
personal data.  As a result, we are subject to numerous laws and regulations designed to protect this information, 
such  as  U.S.  federal  and  state  laws  and  foreign  regulations  governing  the  protection  of  personally  identifiable 
information.  These laws and regulations are increasing in complexity and number, change frequently and sometimes 
conflict.    If  any  person,  including  any  of  our  employees,  negligently  disregards  or  intentionally  breaches  our 
established controls with respect to client data, or otherwise mismanages or misappropriates that data, we could be 
subject to significant monetary damages, regulatory enforcement actions, fines and/or criminal prosecution in one 
or more jurisdictions.  Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client data, whether through systems 
failure, employee negligence, fraud or misappropriation, could damage our reputation and cause us to lose clients.  
Similarly, unauthorized access to or through our information systems, whether by our employees or third parties, 
including a cyber-attack by third parties who may deploy viruses, worms or other malicious software programs, 
could result in negative publicity, significant remediation costs, legal liability, financial responsibility under our 
security guarantee to reimburse clients for losses resulting from unauthorized activity in their accounts and damage 
to our reputation and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.  In addition, our liability 
insurance might not be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to security breaches, cyber-
attacks and other related breaches.

Aggressive competition could reduce our market share and harm our financial performance.

The market for electronic brokerage services is continually evolving and is intensely competitive.  The retail 
brokerage industry has experienced significant consolidation, which may continue in the future, and which may 
increase competitive pressures in the industry.  Consolidation could enable other firms to offer a broader range of 
products and services than we do, or offer them at lower prices.  There has been aggressive price competition in the 
industry, including various free trade offers.  We expect this competitive environment to continue in the future.  We 
face direct competition from numerous retail brokerage firms, including E*TRADE Financial Corporation, The 
Charles Schwab Corporation and Fidelity Investments.  Scottrade is also a competitor, but we have agreed to acquire 
Scottrade.  We also encounter competition from the broker-dealer affiliates of established full-commission brokerage 
firms, such as Merrill Lynch and Morgan Stanley, as well as from financial institutions, mutual fund sponsors, online 
wealth management services and other organizations, some of which provide online brokerage services.  Some of 
our competitors have greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources, offer a wider range of services and 
financial products, and have greater name recognition and a more extensive client base than we do.  We believe that 
the general financial success of companies within the retail securities industry will continue to attract new competitors 
14

to the industry, such as banks, software development companies, insurance companies, providers of online financial 
information and others.  These companies may provide a more comprehensive suite of services than we do or offer 
services at lower prices.  Increased competition, including pricing pressure, could have a material adverse effect on 
our results of operations and financial condition.

We will need to introduce new products and services and enhance existing products and services to remain 
competitive.

Our future success depends in part on our ability to develop and enhance our products and services.  In addition, 
the adoption of new Internet, networking or telecommunications technologies or other technological changes could 
require us to incur substantial expenditures to enhance or adapt our services or infrastructure.

There are significant technical and financial costs and risks in the development of new or enhanced products 
and services, including the risk that we might be unable to effectively use new technologies, adapt our services to 
emerging industry standards or develop, introduce and market enhanced or new products and services.  An inability 
to develop new products and services, or enhance existing offerings, could have a material adverse effect on our 
profitability.

Advisory services subject us to additional risks.

We  provide  investment  advisory  services  to  investors  through  our  SEC-registered  investment  advisors, 
TD Ameritrade,  Inc.,  Amerivest  Investment  Management,  LLC  ("Amerivest")  and  TradeWise  Advisors,  Inc. 
("TradeWise").  TD Ameritrade, Inc. offers AdvisorDirect,® a service that refers a client to an independent RIA.  
Amerivest® is an online advisory service that develops portfolios of ETFs or mutual funds, along with cash and 
cash alternatives, to help long-term investors pursue their financial goals.  TradeWise provides an option advisory 
service for self-directed investors.  The risks associated with these investment advisory activities include those 
arising  from  possible  conflicts  of  interest,  unsuitable  investment  recommendations,  inadequate  due  diligence, 
inadequate disclosure and fraud.  Realization of these risks could lead to liability for client losses, regulatory fines, 
civil penalties and harm to our reputation and business.

We rely on external service providers to perform certain key functions.

We rely on a number of external service providers for certain key technology, processing, service and support 
functions.  These include the services of other broker-dealers, market makers, exchanges and clearinghouses to 
execute and settle client orders.  We contract with external providers for futures and foreign exchange clearing.  
External content providers provide us with financial information, market news, charts, option and stock quotes, 
research reports and other fundamental data that we offer to clients.  These service providers face technological, 
operational and security risks of their own.  Any significant failures by them, including improper use or disclosure 
of our confidential client, employee or company information, could interrupt our business, cause us to incur losses 
and harm our reputation.

We cannot assure that any external service providers will be able to continue to provide these services to meet 
our current needs in an efficient, cost-effective manner or that they will be able to adequately expand their services 
to meet our needs in the future.  Some external service providers have assets that are important to the services they 
provide us located outside the United States, and their ability to provide these services is subject to risks from 
unfavorable  political,  economic,  legal  or  other  developments,  such  as  social  or  political  instability,  changes  in 
governmental policies or changes in laws and regulations. 

An interruption in or the cessation of service by any external service provider as a result of systems failures, 
capacity constraints, financial constraints or problems, unanticipated trading market closures or for any other reason, 
and our inability to make alternative arrangements in a smooth and timely manner, if at all, could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

15

Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory and Legislative Environment

Legislation has and may continue to result in changes to rules and regulations applicable to our business, 
which may negatively impact our business and financial results.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act"), enacted in 2010, 
requires many federal agencies to adopt new rules and regulations applicable to the financial services industry and 
also calls for many studies regarding various industry practices.  In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act gives the SEC 
discretion to adopt rules regarding standards of conduct for broker-dealers providing investment advice to retail 
customers.  The U.S. Department of Labor ("DOL") has enacted regulations changing the definition of who is an 
investment advice fiduciary under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and how such 
advice can be provided to account holders in retirement accounts such as 401(k) plans and Individual Retirement 
Arrangements (IRAs).  The DOL regulations will deem many of the investment, rollover and asset management 
recommendations from us to our clients regarding their retirement accounts fiduciary "investment advice" under 
ERISA.  One of the most significant impacts on our business from the DOL regulations and related prohibited 
transaction exemptions will be the impact on our fee and compensation practices.  For example, the regulations 
make  investment  advisors  to  retirement  account  clients  subject  to  an  ERISA  fiduciary  duty  standard  and  the 
exemptions seek to reduce conflicts of interest stemming from fee differentials and compensation incentives that 
could lead to a misalignment of the interests of advisors and their retirement investor clients.  The exemptions, when 
used,  will  also  require  certain  new  client  contracts,  adherence  to  "impartial  conduct  standards"  (including  a 
requirement to act in the "best interest" of retirement clients when providing investment advice), the adoption of 
related policies and procedures and the making of extensive website and other disclosures to retirement investors 
and the DOL.  One way to comply is to use the best interest contract exemption in connection with certain advice 
activities,  which  will  subject  us  to  an  increased  risk  of  class  actions  and  other  litigation  and  regulatory  risks.  
Additional rulemaking or legislative action could negatively impact our business and financial results.  While we 
have not yet been required to make other material changes to our business or operations as a result of the Dodd-
Frank Act or other rulemaking or legislative action, it is not certain what the scope of future rulemaking or interpretive 
guidance from the SEC, FINRA, DOL, banking regulators and other regulatory agencies may be, how the courts 
and regulators might interpret these rules and what impact this will have on our compliance costs, business, operations 
and profitability.

Our  profitability  could  also  be  affected  by  new  or  modified  laws  that  impact  the  business  and  financial 
communities generally, including changes to the laws governing banking, the securities market, fiduciary duties, 
conflicts of interest, taxation, electronic commerce, client privacy and security of client data.

Failure to comply with net capital requirements could adversely affect our business.

The SEC, FINRA, CFTC, NFA and various other regulatory agencies have stringent rules with respect to the 
maintenance of specific levels of net capital by securities broker-dealers, FCMs and FDMs.  Net capital is a measure 
of a broker-dealer's, an FCM's or an FDM's readily available liquid assets, reduced by its total liabilities other than 
approved subordinated debt.  Our broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries are required to comply with net capital 
requirements.  If we fail to maintain the required net capital, the SEC or the CFTC could suspend or revoke our 
registration, and FINRA or the NFA could expel us from membership, which could ultimately lead to our liquidation, 
or they could impose censures, fines or other sanctions.  If the net capital rules are changed or expanded, or if there 
is an unusually large charge against net capital, then our operations that require capital could be limited.  A large 
operating loss or charge against net capital could have a material adverse effect on our ability to maintain or expand 
our business.

Extensive regulation and regulatory uncertainties could harm our business.

The securities industry is subject to extensive regulation by federal, state, international government and self-
regulatory agencies, and financial services companies are subject to regulations covering all aspects of the securities 
business.  Regulations are intended to ensure the integrity of financial markets, appropriate capitalization of broker-
dealers, FCMs and FDMs and the protection of clients and their assets.  These regulations often serve to limit our 
business activities through capital, client protection and market conduct requirements, as well as restrictions on the 
activities that we are authorized to conduct.  Federal, state, self-regulatory organizations and foreign regulators can, 
among other things, censure, fine, issue cease-and-desist orders to, suspend or expel a regulated entity or any of its 

16

officers or employees.  We could fail to establish and enforce procedures to comply with applicable regulations, 
which could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

Past turmoil in the financial markets has contributed to changes in laws and regulations, heightened scrutiny 
of the conduct of financial services firms and increasing penalties for violations of applicable laws and regulations.  
We may be adversely affected by new laws or regulations, changes in the interpretation of existing laws or regulations 
or more rigorous enforcement.  The new laws and regulations may be complex, and we may not have the benefit 
of  regulatory  or  federal  interpretations  to  guide  us  in  compliance.    Changes  in  laws  and  regulations  or  new 
interpretations of existing laws and regulations also can have adverse effects on our methods and costs of doing 
business.  We also may be adversely affected by other regulatory changes related to suitability of financial products, 
supervision, sales practices, application of fiduciary standards, best execution and market structure, which could 
limit the Company's business.  Because TD, among other things, owns more than 25% of our common stock, we 
are considered a non-bank subsidiary of TD under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the "BHC Act").  As 
a result, under the BHC Act, we are subject to the supervision and regulation of the Federal Reserve.  These banking 
regulations limit the activities and the types of businesses that we may conduct and the types of companies we may 
acquire, and under these regulations the Federal Reserve could impose significant limitations on our current business 
and operations.  TD is currently regulated as a "financial holding company" under the BHC Act, which allows TD 
and us to engage in a much broader set of activities than would otherwise be permitted under the BHC Act.  Any 
failure of TD to maintain its status as a financial holding company could result in substantial limitations on certain 
of our activities.

Financial services firms are subject to numerous conflicts of interest or perceived conflicts of interest, over 
which  federal  and  state  regulators  and  self-regulatory  organizations  have  increased  their  scrutiny.   Addressing 
conflicts of interest is a complex and difficult undertaking.  Our business and reputation could be harmed if we were 
to fail, or appear to fail, to address conflicts appropriately.

In addition, we use the Internet as a major distribution channel to provide services to our clients.  A number 
of regulatory agencies have adopted regulations regarding client privacy, system security and safeguarding practices 
and the use of client information by service providers.  Additional laws and regulations relating to the Internet and 
safeguarding practices could be adopted in the future, including laws related to access, identity theft and regulations 
regarding the pricing, taxation, content and quality of products and services delivered over the Internet.  Complying 
with these laws and regulations may be expensive and time-consuming and could limit our ability to use the Internet 
as a distribution channel, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and profitability.

We are subject to litigation and regulatory investigations and proceedings and may not always be successful 
in defending against such claims and proceedings.

The financial services industry faces substantial litigation and regulatory risks.  We are subject to arbitration 
claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of our business, as well as class actions and other significant litigation.  
We also are the subject of inquiries, investigations and proceedings by regulatory and other governmental agencies.  
Actions brought against us may result in settlements, awards, injunctions, fines, penalties and other results adverse 
to us.  Predicting the outcome of such matters is inherently difficult, particularly where claims are brought on behalf 
of various classes of claimants or by a large number of claimants, when claimants seek substantial or unspecified 
damages or when investigations or legal proceedings are at an early stage.  A substantial judgment, settlement, fine 
or penalty could be material to our operating results or cash flows for a particular period, depending on our results 
for that period, or could cause us significant reputational harm, which could harm our business prospects.  In market 
downturns, the volume of legal claims and amount of damages sought in litigation and regulatory proceedings 
against financial services companies have historically increased.  We are also subject to litigation claims from third 
parties alleging infringement of their intellectual property rights.  Such litigation can require the expenditure of 
significant resources, regardless of whether the claims have merit.  If we were found to have infringed a third-party 
patent or other intellectual property right, then we could incur substantial liability and in some circumstances could 
be enjoined from using the relevant technology or providing related products and services, which could have a 
material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

17

Risk Factors Relating to the Scottrade Acquisition

The planned acquisition of Scottrade presents many risks that we may not realize the financial and strategic 
goals that were contemplated at the time we agreed to enter into the transaction.

Risks we face in connection with our acquisition and integration of Scottrade include that: 

•  we may be unable to obtain required approvals from governmental authorities on a timely basis, if at all, 
which could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing the transaction, otherwise restrict 
our ability to realize the expected financial or strategic goals of the acquisition or have other adverse 
effects on our business and results of operations;

•  TD Bank, N.A.'s acquisition of Scottrade Bank as provided in the definitive agreement may be delayed or 
not be completed due to regulatory or other reasons, which could delay or prevent the acquisition of Scottrade 
Financial Services, Inc.; 

• 

• 

• 

it  is  possible  that  other  closing  conditions  to  the  Scottrade  acquisition  may  not  be  satisfied  or  waived, 
preventing  the  consummation  of  the  transaction,  which  could  involve  damages  for  failing  to  close  the 
transaction;

our ongoing business may be disrupted and our management's attention may be diverted by acquisition and 
integration activities;

the Scottrade acquisition might not further our business strategy as we expected, we might not integrate 
Scottrade's business or technology as successfully as we expected, or we might overpay for Scottrade or 
otherwise not realize the expected return on our investment to the extent or in the timeframe forecasted, 
which could adversely affect our business or results of operations; 

•  we may not realize the benefits or cost savings anticipated to be derived from the Scottrade acquisition as 
initially predicted, if at all for a number of reasons, including if a larger than predicted number of customers 
decide not to continue to use Scottrade's or our services;

•  we  face  numerous  risks  and  uncertainties  combining  and  integrating  our  businesses  and  systems  with 
Scottrade's, including the need to combine or separate business activities, accounting and data processing 
systems and management controls and to integrate relationships with customers and business counterparties;

•  we could fail to retain and integrate key Scottrade personnel who are critical to the successful operation and 

integration of the business;

• 

our results of operations or financial condition could be adversely impacted by: claims or liabilities that we 
assume from Scottrade or that are otherwise related to the acquisition, including claims made by government 
agencies, terminated employees, current or former customers, former stockholders or other third parties; 
contractual relationships of Scottrade that we would not have entered into but for the merger, the termination 
or modification of which may be costly or disruptive to our business; unfavorable revenue recognition or 
other accounting treatment as a result of Scottrade's practices; and intellectual property claims or disputes;

•  we may have failed to identify or assess the magnitude of liabilities, shortcomings or other circumstances 
of Scottrade, which could result in unexpected litigation or regulatory exposure, unfavorable accounting 
treatment, unexpected increases in taxes, a loss of anticipated tax benefits or other adverse effects on our 
business, results of operations or financial condition;

•  we may have difficulty incorporating Scottrade's technologies with our existing technologies and product 

lines while maintaining uniform standards, architecture, controls, procedures and policies;

•  we could experience additional or unexpected changes in how we are required to account for the acquisition 

pursuant to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles;

•  we will incur transaction expenses, including legal, regulatory and other costs associated with consummating 
the transaction, as well as expenses related to formulating and implementing integration plans, including 
facilities and systems consolidation costs and employment-related costs;

18

• 

our use of cash to pay for the acquisition can be expected to limit other potential uses of our cash, including 
stock repurchases, dividend payments and retirement of outstanding indebtedness;

•  we expect to issue debt to finance the acquisition, which can be expected to increase our interest expense, 

leverage and debt service requirements; and

• 

because we will be issuing common equity in connection with the acquisition, our existing stockholders will 
be diluted, earnings per share may decrease, and the market price of our common stock might decrease.

We will need to successfully manage the integration of Scottrade and future growth effectively.  Integration 
and additional growth may place a significant strain upon our management, administrative, operational, financial 
reporting, internal control and compliance infrastructure.  Managing future growth also may be difficult due to the 
expanded geographic locations acquired as part of the Scottrade transaction. 

As a result of these risks and challenges, we may not realize the full benefits that we anticipate from the 
proposed transaction in a timely manner or at all. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully 
integrate the operations of Scottrade and accurately anticipate and respond to the changing demands we will face 
as part of the integration.  We may not be able to manage growth effectively or to achieve growth at all.  Failure to 
manage  the  integration  of  Scottrade  and  future  growth  effectively  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 
business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Acquisitions involve risks that could adversely affect our business.

We  may  pursue  other  acquisitions  of  businesses  and  technologies.   Acquisitions  entail  numerous  risks, 

including:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

difficulties in the integration of acquired operations, services and products;

failure to achieve expected synergies;

diversion of management's attention from other business concerns;

assumption of unknown material liabilities of acquired companies;

amortization of acquired intangible assets, which could reduce future reported earnings;

potential loss of clients or key employees of acquired companies; and

dilution to existing stockholders.

As  part  of  our  growth  strategy,  we  regularly  consider,  and  from  time  to  time  engage  in,  discussions  and 
negotiations  regarding  transactions,  such  as  acquisitions,  mergers  and  combinations  within  our  industry.    The 
purchase price for possible acquisitions could be paid in cash, through the issuance of common stock or other 
securities, borrowings or a combination of these methods.

We cannot be certain that we will be able to identify, consummate and successfully integrate acquisitions, and 
no assurance can be given with respect to the timing, likelihood or business effect of any possible transaction.  For 
example, we could begin negotiations that we subsequently decide to suspend or terminate for a variety of reasons.  
However, opportunities may arise from time to time that we will evaluate.  Any transactions that we consummate 
would involve risks and uncertainties to us.  These risks could cause the failure of any anticipated benefits of an 
acquisition to be realized, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results 
of operations and prospects.

19

Risk Factors Relating to Owning Our Stock

The market price of our common stock has experienced, and may continue to experience, substantial volatility.

Our common stock, and the U.S. securities markets in general, can experience significant price fluctuations.  
The market prices of securities of financial services companies, in particular, have been especially volatile.  The 
price of our common stock could decrease substantially.  Among the factors that may affect our stock price are the 
following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

speculation in the investment community or the press about, or actual changes in, our competitive position, 
organizational  structure,  executive  team,  operations,  financial  condition,  financial  reporting  and  results, 
effectiveness of cost reduction initiatives, or strategic transactions;

the announcement of new products, services, acquisitions, or dispositions by us or our competitors;

sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock by TD and J. Joe Ricketts, our founder, certain 
members of his family and trusts held for their benefit, who have registration rights covering approximately 
223 million shares and 59 million shares, respectively, of our common stock; and

increases or decreases in revenue or earnings, changes in earnings estimates by the investment community, 
changes in the interest rate environment or in market expectations regarding the interest rate environment 
and variations between estimated financial results and actual financial results.

Changes in the stock market generally or as it concerns our industry, as well as geopolitical, economic, and business 
factors unrelated to us, may also affect our stock price.

Because the market price of our common stock can fluctuate significantly, we could become the object of 
securities class action litigation, which could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management's attention 
and resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business and the price of our common stock.

We are restricted by the terms of our revolving credit facilities and senior notes.

Our senior unsecured revolving credit facilities contain various negative covenants and restrictions that may 

limit our ability to:

• 

• 

• 

• 

incur additional indebtedness;

create liens;

sell all or substantially all of our assets;

change the nature of our business;

•  merge or consolidate with another entity; and

• 

conduct transactions with affiliates.

Under  our  revolving  credit  facilities,  we  are  also  required  to  maintain  compliance  with  a  maximum 
consolidated leverage ratio covenant (not to exceed 3.00:1.00) and a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio 
covenant (not less than 4.00:1:00).  TDAC is required to maintain compliance with a minimum consolidated tangible 
net worth covenant and our broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries are required to maintain compliance with 
minimum regulatory net capital covenants.  As a result of the covenants and restrictions contained in the revolving 
credit facilities and our senior unsecured notes, we are limited in how we conduct our business.  We cannot guarantee 
that we will be able to remain in compliance with these covenants or be able to obtain waivers for noncompliance 
in the future.  A failure to comply with these covenants could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition 
by impairing our ability to secure and maintain financing.

Our corporate debt level may limit our ability to obtain additional financing.

As of September 30, 2016, we had approximately $1.75 billion of long-term debt, consisting of:

• 

$500 million of 5.600% Senior Notes with principal due in full on December 1, 2019;

20

• 

• 

$750 million of 2.950% Senior Notes with principal due in full on April 1, 2022; and

$500 million of 3.625% Senior Notes with principal due in full on April 1, 2025. 

Our ability to meet our cash requirements, including our debt repayment obligations, is dependent upon our 
future performance, which will be subject to financial, business and other factors affecting our operations, many of 
which are or may be beyond our control.  We cannot provide assurance that our business will generate sufficient 
cash flows from operations to fund our cash requirements.  If we are unable to meet our cash requirements from 
operations, we would be required to obtain alternative financing.  The degree to which we may be leveraged as a 
result of the indebtedness we have incurred could materially and adversely affect our ability to obtain financing for 
working  capital,  acquisitions  or  other  purposes,  could  make  us  more  vulnerable  to  industry  downturns  and 
competitive pressures or could limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes and opportunities in our 
industry, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage.  There can be no assurance that we would be able to 
obtain alternative financing, that any such financing would be on acceptable terms or that we would be permitted 
to do so under the terms of existing financing arrangements.  In the absence of such financing, our ability to respond 
to changing business and economic conditions, make future acquisitions, react to adverse operating results, meet 
our debt repayment obligations or fund required capital expenditures could be materially and adversely affected.

Our business, financial position, and results of operations could be harmed by adverse rating actions by credit 
rating agencies.

If our counterparty credit rating or the credit ratings of our outstanding indebtedness are downgraded, or if 
rating agencies indicate that a downgrade may occur, our business, financial position, and results of operations could 
be adversely affected and perceptions of our financial strength could be damaged.  A downgrade would have the 
effect of increasing our incremental borrowing costs and could decrease the availability of funds for borrowing.  In 
addition, a downgrade could adversely affect our relationships with our clients.

TD exercises significant influence over TD Ameritrade.

As of October 1, 2016, TD owned approximately 42% of our outstanding common stock.  As a result, TD will 
generally have the ability to significantly influence the outcome of any matter submitted to a vote of our stockholders 
and as a result of its significant share ownership in TD Ameritrade, TD may have the power, subject to applicable 
law, to significantly influence actions that might be favorable to TD, but not necessarily favorable to our other 
stockholders.

The stockholders agreement provides that TD may designate five of the twelve members of our board of 
directors, subject to adjustment based on TD's ownership positions in TD Ameritrade.  As of October 1, 2016, based 
on its ownership positions, TD has the right to designate five members of our board of directors.  Accordingly, TD 
is able to significantly influence the outcome of all matters that come before our board.

TD is permitted under the stockholders agreement to exercise voting rights on up to 45% of our outstanding 
shares of common stock until termination of the stockholders agreement (which will occur no later than January 24, 
2021).  If our stock repurchases cause TD's ownership percentage to exceed 45%, TD is required to use reasonable 
efforts to sell or dispose of such excess stock, subject to TD's commercial judgment as to the optimal timing, amount 
and method of sales with a view to maximizing proceeds from such sales.  TD has no absolute obligation to reduce 
its ownership percentage to 45% by the termination of the stockholders agreement.  However, prior to and following 
the termination of the stockholders agreement, TD is required to vote any such excess stock on any matter in the 
same proportions as all the outstanding shares of stock held by holders other than TD and its affiliates are voted.  
In no event may TD Ameritrade repurchase shares of its common stock that would result in TD's ownership percentage 
exceeding 47%.  There is no restriction on the number of shares TD may own following the termination of the 
stockholders agreement.

The ownership position and governance rights of TD could also discourage a third party from proposing a 
change of control or other strategic transaction concerning TD Ameritrade.  As a result, our common stock could 
trade at prices that do not reflect a "takeover premium" to the same extent as do the stocks of similarly situated 
companies that do not have a stockholder with an ownership interest as large as TD's ownership interest.

21

We  have  extensive  relationships  and  business  transactions  with  TD  and  some  of  its  affiliates,  which  if 
terminated or adversely modified could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition 
and results of operations.

We have extensive relationships and business transactions with TD and certain of its affiliates.  The insured 
deposit account agreement between us and affiliates of TD provides a significant portion of our revenue.  This 
agreement enables our clients to invest in an FDIC-insured deposit product without the need for the Company to 
establish the significant levels of capital that would be required to maintain our own bank charter.  During fiscal 
2016, net revenues related to this agreement accounted for approximately 28% of our net revenues.  For fiscal year 
2016, the average balance of client cash swept to our insured deposit account offering was $84 billion.  The average 
yield earned on the insured deposit account balances was 89 basis points higher than the average net yield earned 
on segregated cash balances during fiscal 2016.  The termination or adverse modification of this agreement without 
replacing it on comparable terms with a different counterparty, which may not be available, could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  If this agreement was terminated or 
adversely modified and we were permitted to establish our own bank charter for purposes of offering an FDIC-
insured deposit product, we would be required to establish and maintain significant levels of capital within a bank 
subsidiary.  We would also be subject to various other risks associated with banking, including credit risk on loans 
and investments, liquidity risk associated with bank balance sheet management, operational risks associated with 
banking systems and infrastructure and additional regulatory requirements and supervision.

Conflicts of interest may arise between TD Ameritrade and TD, which may be resolved in a manner that 
adversely affects our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Conflicts of interest may arise between us and TD in areas relating to past, ongoing and future relationships, 
including corporate opportunities, potential acquisitions or financing transactions, sales or other dispositions by TD 
of its interests in TD Ameritrade and the exercise by TD of its influence over our management and affairs.  Some 
of the directors on our board are persons who are also officers or directors of TD or its subsidiaries.  Service as a 
director or officer of both TD Ameritrade and TD or its other subsidiaries could create conflicts of interest if such 
directors or officers are faced with decisions that could have materially different implications for us and for TD.  
Our  amended  and  restated  certificate  of  incorporation  contains  provisions  relating  to  the  avoidance  of  direct 
competition between us and TD.  In addition, a committee of our board consisting of outside independent directors 
reviews and approves or ratifies transactions with TD and its affiliates.  There can be no assurance that any of the 
foregoing potential conflicts would be resolved in a manner that does not adversely affect our business, financial 
condition  or  results  of  operations.    In  addition,  the  provisions  of  the  stockholders  agreement  related  to  non-
competition are subject to numerous exceptions and qualifications and may not prevent us and TD from competing 
with each other to some degree in the future.

The terms of the stockholders agreement, our charter documents and Delaware law could inhibit a takeover 
that stockholders may consider favorable.

Provisions in the stockholders agreement between TD and the Company, our certificate of incorporation and 
bylaws and Delaware law will make it difficult for any party to acquire control of us in a transaction not approved 
by the requisite number of directors.  These provisions include:

• 

• 

• 

• 

the presence of a classified board of directors;

the ability of the board of directors to issue and determine the terms of preferred stock;

advance notice requirements for inclusion of stockholder proposals at stockholder meetings; and

the anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law.

These provisions could delay or prevent a change of control or change in management that might provide 

stockholders with a premium to the market price of their common stock.

22

Our future ability to pay regular dividends to holders of our common stock is subject to the discretion of our 
board of directors and will be limited by our ability to generate sufficient earnings and cash flows.

Payment of future cash dividends on our common stock will depend on our ability to generate earnings and 
cash flows.  However, sufficient cash may not be available to pay such dividends.  Payment of future dividends, if 
any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon a number of factors that the board of 
directors deems relevant, including future earnings, the success of our business activities, capital requirements, the 
general financial condition and future prospects of our business and general business conditions.  If we are unable 
to generate sufficient earnings and cash flows from our business, we may not be able to pay dividends on our 
common stock.

Our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock is also dependent on the ability of our subsidiaries to 
pay dividends to the parent company.  Some of our subsidiaries are subject to requirements of the SEC, FINRA, 
the  CFTC,  the  NFA  and  other  regulators  relating  to  liquidity,  capital  standards  and  the  use  of  client  funds  and 
securities, which may limit funds available for the payment of dividends to the parent company.

Item 1B. 

Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. 

Properties

Our Company-owned corporate headquarters facility is located in Omaha, Nebraska and provides more than 
500,000 square feet of building space.  Our headquarters facility has earned Leadership in Energy and Environmental 
Design (LEED) Platinum Certification, the highest level of distinction awarded by the U.S. Green Building Council.  
We also lease approximately 80,000 square feet of building space on property adjacent to the headquarters for 
administrative and operational facilities.  These leases expire in 2020.

We lease approximately 195,000 and 140,000 square feet of building space for additional operations centers 
in Jersey City, New Jersey and Fort Worth, Texas, respectively.  The Jersey City and Fort Worth leases expire in 
2020.  During October 2015, we purchased land in Southlake, Texas, on which we are currently constructing a new 
operations center.  We intend to transition our Fort Worth operations to Southlake once construction of the new 
facility is completed, which is scheduled for 2017.  We lease smaller administrative and operational facilities in 
California, Colorado, Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, Texas and Utah, and we own a data center facility in Richardson, 
Texas.  We also lease over 100 branch offices located in large metropolitan areas in 33 states and the District of 
Columbia.  We believe that our facilities are suitable and adequate to meet our needs.

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings

For  information  regarding  legal  proceedings,  see  Note  13  —  Commitments  and  Contingencies  –  "Order 
Routing Matters" and "Other Legal and Regulatory Matters" under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary 
Data — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

23

PART II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 

Equity Securities

Price Range of Common Stock

Prior to December 12, 2015, our common stock traded on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under 
the symbol "AMTD."  On December 12, 2015, our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market 
under the symbol "AMTD."  The following table shows the high and low sales prices for our common stock for the 
periods indicated, as reported by the NYSE through December 11, 2015 and the Nasdaq Global Select Market 
thereafter.  The prices reflect inter-dealer prices and do not include retail markups, markdowns or commissions.

Common Stock Price
For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30,

2016

2015

High

Low

High

Low

First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Second Quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

$

$

37.90

33.93

32.93

35.39

$

$

$

$

29.69

24.88

26.47

26.37

$

$

$

$

37.08

38.74

39.05

38.72

$

$

$

$

28.34

32.07

34.72

30.22

The closing sale price of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 3, 
2016  was  $33.84  per  share.   As  of  that  date  there  were  655  holders  of  record  of  our  common  stock  based  on 
information provided by our transfer agent.  The number of stockholders of record does not reflect the number of 
individual or institutional stockholders that beneficially own our stock because most stock is held in the name of 
nominees.  Based on information available to us, we believe there are approximately 68,000 beneficial holders of 
our common stock.

Dividends

We declared and paid a $0.17 per share and a $0.15 per share quarterly cash dividend on our common stock 
during each quarter of fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively.  On October 24, 2016, we declared an $0.18 per 
share quarterly cash dividend for the first quarter of fiscal 2017.  We are scheduled to pay the quarterly cash dividend 
on November 22, 2016 to all holders of record of our common stock as of November 8, 2016.  The payment of any 
future dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon a number of factors that 
the  board  of  directors  deems  relevant,  including  future  earnings,  the  success  of  our  business  activities,  capital 
requirements, the general financial condition and future prospects of our business and general business conditions.

Our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock is also dependent on the ability of our subsidiaries to 
pay dividends to the parent company.  Some of our subsidiaries are subject to requirements of the SEC, FINRA, 
the  CFTC,  the  NFA  and  other  regulators  relating  to  liquidity,  capital  standards  and  the  use  of  client  funds  and 
securities,  which  may  limit  funds  available  for  the  payment  of  dividends  to  the  parent  company.    See  Item 7, 
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition — "Liquidity and Capital 
Resources" for further information.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

Information  about  securities  authorized  for  issuance  under  the  Company's  equity  compensation  plans  is 
contained  in  Item 12 — Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  Management  and  Related 
Stockholder Matters.

24

Performance Graph

The following Company common stock performance information is not deemed to be "soliciting material" or 
to be "filed" with the SEC or subject to the SEC's proxy rules or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act 
and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any prior or subsequent filing by the Company under 
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

The following graph and table set forth information comparing the cumulative total return through the end of 
the Company's most recent fiscal year from a $100 investment on September 30, 2011 in the Company's common 
stock, a broad-based stock index and the stocks comprising an industry peer group. 

Index

9/30/11

9/30/12

9/30/13

9/30/14

9/30/15

9/30/16

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

S&P 500

Peer Group

100.00

100.00

100.00

106.01

130.20

112.53

189.34

155.39

191.71

249.43

186.05

268.10

242.11

184.91

269.85

273.96

213.44

300.66

Period Ended

The Peer Group is comprised of the following companies that have significant retail brokerage operations:

E*TRADE Financial Corporation
The Charles Schwab Corporation

25

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Period
July 1, 2016 — July 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
August 1, 2016 — August 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . .
September 1, 2016 — September 30, 2016 . . . . . .
Total — Three months ended September 30, 2016

Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased
893,739

Average 
Price 
Paid per
Share
$ 27.48

— $ —

337,522

$ 26.57

1,231,261

$ 27.23

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Program

880,853

—

337,522

1,218,375

Maximum Number
of Shares that May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Program
26,317,508

26,317,508

25,979,986

25,979,986

On November 20, 2015, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 30 million shares of our 
common stock.  We disclosed this authorization on November 20, 2015 in our annual report on Form 10-K.  This 
program was the only stock repurchase program in effect and no programs expired during the fourth quarter of fiscal 
2016.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2016, 12,886 shares were repurchased from employees for income 

tax withholding in connection with distributions of stock-based compensation.

Item 6. 

Selected Financial Data

Fiscal Year Ended September 30,

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

(In millions, except per share amounts)

Consolidated Statements of Income Data:

Net revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Earnings per share — basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Earnings per share — diluted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average shares outstanding — basic . . . . .
Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted. . . .
Dividends declared per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 3,327

$ 3,247

$ 3,123

$ 2,764

$ 2,641

1,318

842

1,325

813

1,285

787

1,056

675

934

586

$ 1.59

$ 1.50

$ 1.43

$ 1.23

$ 1.07

$ 1.58

$ 1.49

$ 1.42

$ 1.22

$ 1.06

531

534

543

547

550

554

549

554

548

554

$ 0.68

$ 0.60

$ 0.98

$ 0.86

$ 0.24

As of September 30,

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

(In millions)

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investments available-for-sale, at fair value . . . . . . .
Total assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes payable and long-term obligations . . . . . . . . .
Stockholders' equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,855

$ 1,978

$ 1,460

$ 1,062

$

915

757

—

—

13

70

28,818

26,375

23,829

21,832

19,509

1,817

5,051

1,800

4,903

1,249

4,748

1,048

4,676

1,346

4,425

26

Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This  discussion  contains  forward-looking  statements  within  the  meaning  of  the  U.S.  Private  Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and 
expectations, are forward-looking statements.  Forward-looking statements include statements preceded by, followed 
by or that include the words "may," "could," "would," "should," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "plan," "estimate," 
"target," "project," "intend" and similar words or expressions.  In particular, forward-looking statements contained 
in this discussion include our expectations regarding: the effect of client trading activity on our results of operations; 
the effect of changes in interest rates on our net interest spread; diluted earnings per share; average commissions 
and transaction fees per trade; amounts of commissions and transaction fees, asset-based revenues, insured deposit 
account fees, net interest revenue and investment product fees; net interest margin; the average yield earned on 
insured deposit account assets; the effect of the FDIC surcharge on our insured deposit account fees; growth in 
spread-based and fee-based asset balances; amounts of total operating expenses; our effective income tax rate; our 
capital and liquidity needs and our plans to finance such needs; and our clearinghouse deposit requirements.

The  Company's  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  such  forward-looking 
statements.  Important factors that may cause such differences include, but are not limited to: general economic and 
political conditions and other securities industry risks; fluctuations in interest rates; stock market fluctuations and 
changes in client trading activity; credit risk with clients and counterparties; increased competition; systems failures, 
delays  and  capacity  constraints;  network  security  risks;  liquidity  risk;  new  laws  and  regulations  affecting  our 
business; regulatory and legal matters and uncertainties, inability to obtain regulatory approval for our planned 
acquisition of Scottrade Financial Services, Inc. ("Scottrade"), including the completion of the merger between 
Scottrade Bank and TD Bank, N.A., delay or failure to close such transaction or meet other closing conditions and 
the other risks and uncertainties set forth under Item 1A — Risk Factors of this Form 10-K.  The forward-looking 
statements contained in this report speak only as of the date on which the statements were made and do not include 
information related to the planned acquisition of Scottrade, except where Scottrade is referred to.  We undertake no 
obligation to publicly update or revise these statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or 
otherwise, except to the extent required by the federal securities laws.

Glossary of Terms

In discussing and analyzing our business, we utilize several metrics and other terms that are defined in the 
following Glossary of Terms.  Italics indicate other defined terms that appear elsewhere in the Glossary.  The term 
"GAAP" refers to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Asset-based revenues — Revenues consisting of (1) insured deposit account fees, (2) net interest revenue and 
(3) investment product fees.  The primary factors driving our asset-based revenues are average balances and average 
rates.  Average balances consist primarily of average client insured deposit account balances, average client margin 
balances, average segregated cash balances, average client credit balances, average fee-based investment balances
and average securities borrowing and securities lending balances.  Average rates consist of the average interest rates 
and fees earned and paid on such balances.

Average client trades per day — Total trades divided by the number of trading days in the period.  This metric 

is also known as daily average revenue trades ("DARTs").

Average commissions and transaction fees per trade — Total commissions and transaction fee revenues as 
reported on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income divided by total trades for the period.  Commissions 
and transaction fee revenues primarily consist of trading commissions, order routing revenue and markups on riskless 
principal transactions in fixed-income securities.

Basis point — When referring to interest rates, one basis point represents one one-hundredth of one percent.

Beneficiary accounts — Brokerage accounts managed by a custodian, guardian, conservator or trustee on 
behalf of one or more beneficiaries.  Examples include accounts maintained under the Uniform Gift to Minors Act 
(UGMA) or Uniform Transfer to Minors Act (UTMA), guardianship, conservatorship and trust arrangements and 
pension or profit plan for small business accounts.

Brokerage accounts — Accounts maintained by the Company on behalf of clients for securities brokerage 
activities.    The  primary  types  of  brokerage  accounts  are  cash  accounts,  margin  accounts,  IRA  accounts  and 

27

beneficiary accounts.  Futures accounts are sub-accounts associated with a brokerage account for clients who wish 
to trade futures and/or options on futures.

Cash accounts — Brokerage accounts that do not have margin account approval.

Client assets — The total value of cash and securities in brokerage accounts.

Client cash and money market assets — The sum of all client cash balances, including client credit balances

and client cash balances swept into insured deposit accounts or money market mutual funds.

Client credit balances — Client cash held in brokerage accounts, excluding balances generated by client short 
sales on which no interest is paid.  Interest paid on client credit balances is a reduction of net interest revenue.  Client 
credit balances are included in "payable to clients" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Client margin balances — The total amount of cash loaned to clients in margin accounts.  Such loans are 
secured by client assets.  Interest earned on client margin balances is a component of net interest revenue.  Client 
margin balances are included in "receivable from clients, net" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Consolidated duration — The weighted average remaining years until maturity of our spread-based assets.  
For purposes of this calculation, floating rate balances are treated as having a one-month duration.  Consolidated 
duration is used in analyzing our aggregate interest rate sensitivity.

Daily average revenue trades ("DARTs") — Total trades divided by the number of trading days in the period.  

This metric is also known as average client trades per day.

EBITDA — EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) is a non-GAAP financial 
measure.  We consider EBITDA to be an important measure of our financial performance and of our ability to 
generate cash flows to service debt, fund capital expenditures and fund other corporate investing and financing 
activities.  EBITDA is used as the denominator in the consolidated leverage ratio calculation for covenant purposes 
under our senior revolving credit facility.  EBITDA eliminates the non-cash effect of tangible asset depreciation 
and amortization and intangible asset amortization.  EBITDA should be considered in addition to, rather than as a 
substitute for, pre-tax income, net income and cash flows from operating activities.

EPS excluding amortization of intangible assets — Earnings per share ("EPS") excluding amortization of 
intangible assets is a non-GAAP financial measure.  We define EPS excluding amortization of intangible assets as 
earnings (loss) per share, adjusted to remove the after-tax effect of amortization of acquired intangible assets.  We 
consider  EPS  excluding  amortization  of  intangible  assets  an  important  measure  of  our  financial  performance.  
Amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded because we believe it is not indicative of underlying business 
performance.  EPS excluding amortization of intangible assets should be considered in addition to, rather than as a 
substitute for, GAAP earnings per share.

EPS from ongoing operations — EPS from ongoing operations is a non-GAAP financial measure.  We define 
EPS from ongoing operations as earnings (loss) per share, adjusted to remove any significant unusual gains or 
charges.  We consider EPS from ongoing operations an important measure of the financial performance of our 
ongoing business.  Unusual gains and charges are excluded because we believe they are not likely to be indicative 
of the ongoing operations of our business.  EPS from ongoing operations should be considered in addition to, rather 
than as a substitute for, GAAP earnings per share.

Fee-based investment balances — Client assets invested in money market mutual funds, other mutual funds 
and Company programs such as AdvisorDirect® and Amerivest,® on which we earn fee revenues.  Fee revenues 
earned on these balances are included in investment product fees on our Consolidated Statements of Income.

Funded accounts — All open client accounts with a total liquidation value greater than zero.

Futures accounts — Sub-accounts maintained by the Company on behalf of clients for trading in futures and/
or options on futures.  Each futures account must be associated with a brokerage account.  Futures accounts are not 
counted separately for purposes of the Company's client account metrics.

Insured deposit account — The Company is party to an Insured Deposit Account ("IDA") agreement with 
TD Bank USA, N.A. ("TD Bank USA"), TD Bank, N.A. and The Toronto-Dominion Bank ("TD").  Under the IDA 
agreement, TD Bank USA and TD Bank, N.A. (together, the "TD Depository Institutions") make available to clients 
of the Company FDIC-insured money market deposit accounts as either designated sweep vehicles or as non-sweep 
28

deposit accounts.  The Company provides marketing, recordkeeping and support services for the TD Depository 
Institutions  with  respect  to  the  money  market  deposit  accounts.    In  exchange  for  providing  these  services,  the 
TD Depository Institutions pay the Company an aggregate marketing fee based on the weighted average yield earned 
on the client IDA assets, less the actual interest paid to clients, a servicing fee to the TD Depository Institutions and 
the cost of FDIC insurance premiums.

Interest-earning assets — Consist of client margin balances, segregated cash, deposits paid on securities 

borrowing and other cash and interest-earning investment balances.

Interest rate-sensitive assets — Consist of spread-based assets and client cash invested in money market 

mutual funds.

Investment  product  fees — Revenues  earned  on  fee-based  investment  balances.    Investment  product  fees 
include fees earned on money market mutual funds, other mutual funds and through Company programs such as 
AdvisorDirect® and Amerivest®. 

IRA accounts (Individual Retirement Arrangements) — A personal trust account for the exclusive benefit of 
a U.S. individual (or his or her beneficiaries) that provides tax advantages in accumulating funds to save for retirement 
or other qualified purposes.  These accounts are subject to numerous restrictions on additions to and withdrawals 
from the account, as well as prohibitions against certain investments or transactions conducted within the account.  
The Company offers traditional, Roth, Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees (SIMPLE) and Simplified 
Employee Pension (SEP) IRA accounts.

Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities — Liquid assets available for corporate 
investing and financing activities is a non-GAAP financial measure.  We consider liquid assets available for corporate 
investing and financing activities to be an important measure of our liquidity.  We define liquid assets available for 
corporate investing and financing activities as the sum of (a) corporate cash and cash equivalents and investments, 
excluding amounts being maintained to provide liquidity for operational contingencies, including lending to our 
broker-dealer  and  futures  commission  merchant  ("FCM")/forex  dealer  member  ("FDM")  subsidiaries  under 
intercompany credit agreements and (b) regulatory net capital of (i) our clearing broker-dealer subsidiary in excess 
of 10% of aggregate debit items and (ii) our introducing broker-dealer subsidiary in excess of a minimum operational 
target established by management ($50 million in the case of our introducing broker-dealer, TD Ameritrade, Inc.).  
We  include  the  excess  capital  of  our  broker-dealer  subsidiaries  in  the  calculation  of  liquid  assets  available  for 
corporate investing and financing activities, rather than simply including broker-dealer cash and cash equivalents, 
because capital requirements may limit the amount of cash available for dividend from the broker-dealer subsidiaries 
to the parent company.  Excess capital, as defined under clause (b) above, is generally available for dividend from 
the broker-dealer subsidiaries to the parent company.  Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing 
activities is based on more conservative measures of broker-dealer net capital than regulatory requirements because 
we generally manage to higher levels of net capital at the broker-dealer subsidiaries than the regulatory thresholds 
require.    Liquid  assets  available  for  corporate  investing  and  financing  activities  should  be  considered  as  a 
supplemental measure of liquidity, rather than as a substitute for cash and cash equivalents.

Liquidation value — The net value of a client's account holdings as of the close of a regular trading session.  
Liquidation value includes client cash and the value of long security positions, less margin balances and the cost to 
buy back short security positions.  It also includes the value of open futures, foreign exchange and options positions.

Margin accounts — Brokerage accounts in which clients may borrow from the Company to buy securities 

or for any other purpose, subject to regulatory and Company-imposed limitations.

Market fee-based investment balances — Client assets invested in mutual funds (except money market funds) 
and Company programs such as AdvisorDirect® and Amerivest,® on which we earn fee revenues that are largely 
based on a percentage of the market value of the investment.  Market fee-based investment balances are a component 
of fee-based investment balances.  Fee revenues earned on these balances are included in investment product fees
on our Consolidated Statements of Income.

Net income excluding amortization of intangible assets — Net income excluding amortization of intangible 
assets is a non-GAAP financial measure.  We define net income excluding amortization of intangible assets as net 
income (loss), adjusted to remove the after-tax effect of amortization of acquired intangible assets.  We consider 
net  income  excluding  amortization  of  intangible  assets  an  important  measure  of  our  financial  performance.  

29

Amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded because we believe it is not indicative of underlying business 
performance.  Net income excluding amortization of intangible assets should be considered in addition to, rather 
than as a substitute for, GAAP net income.

Net interest margin ("NIM") — A measure of the net yield on our average spread-based assets.  Net interest 
margin is calculated for a given period by dividing the annualized sum of insured deposit account fees and net 
interest revenue by average spread-based assets. 

Net interest revenue — Net interest revenue is interest revenues less brokerage interest expense.  Interest 
revenues are generated by charges to clients on margin balances maintained in margin accounts, the investment of 
cash from operations and segregated cash and interest earned on securities borrowing/securities lending.  Brokerage 
interest expense consists of amounts paid or payable to clients based on credit balances maintained in brokerage 
accounts and interest incurred on securities borrowing/securities lending.  Brokerage interest expense does not 
include interest on Company non-brokerage borrowings.

Net new assets — Consists of total client asset inflows, less total client asset outflows, excluding activity from 
business combinations.  Client asset inflows include interest and dividend payments and exclude changes in client 
assets due to market fluctuations.  Net new assets are measured based on the market value of the assets as of the 
date of the inflows and outflows.

Net new asset growth rate (annualized) — Annualized net new assets as a percentage of client assets as of 

the beginning of the period.

Operating  expenses  excluding  advertising — Operating  expenses  excluding  advertising  is  a  non-GAAP 
financial measure.  Operating expenses excluding advertising consists of total operating expenses, adjusted to remove 
advertising expense.  We consider operating expenses excluding advertising an important measure of the financial 
performance of our ongoing business.  Advertising spending is excluded because it is largely at the discretion of 
the Company, can vary significantly from period to period based on market conditions and generally relates to the 
acquisition of future revenues through new accounts rather than current revenues from existing accounts.  Operating 
expenses excluding advertising should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, total operating 
expenses.

Order routing revenue — Revenues generated from revenue-sharing arrangements with market destinations 
(also referred to as "payment for order flow").  Order routing revenue is a component of transaction-based revenues.

Securities borrowing — We borrow securities temporarily from other broker-dealers in connection with our 
broker-dealer business.  We deposit cash as collateral for the securities borrowed, and generally earn interest revenue 
on the cash deposited with the counterparty.  We also incur interest expense for borrowing certain securities.

Securities lending — We loan securities temporarily to other broker-dealers in connection with our broker-
dealer business.  We receive cash as collateral for the securities loaned, and generally incur interest expense on the 
cash deposited with us.  We also earn revenue for lending certain securities.

Segregated cash — Client cash and investments segregated in compliance with Rule 15c3-3 of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 (the Customer Protection Rule) and other regulations.  Interest earned on segregated cash is 
a component of net interest revenue.

Spread-based assets — Client and brokerage-related asset balances, consisting of insured deposit account 
balances and interest-earning assets.  Spread-based assets is used in the calculation of our net interest margin and 
our consolidated duration.

Total trades — Revenue-generating client securities trades, which are executed by the Company's broker-
dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries.  Total trades are a significant source of the Company's revenues.  Such trades 
include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  trades  in  equities,  options,  futures,  foreign  exchange,  mutual  funds  and  debt 
instruments.  Trades generate revenue from commissions, markups on riskless principal transactions in fixed income 
securities, transaction fees and/or order routing revenue.

Trading days — Days in which the U.S. equity markets are open for a full trading session.  Reduced exchange 

trading sessions are treated as half trading days.

30

Transaction-based  revenues — Revenues  generated  from  client  trade  execution,  consisting  primarily  of 
commissions, markups on riskless principal transactions in fixed income securities, transaction clearing fees and 
order routing revenue.

Financial Statement Overview

We provide securities brokerage and clearing services to our clients through our introducing and clearing 
broker-dealer subsidiaries.  We also provide futures and foreign exchange trade execution services to our clients 
through our futures commission merchant ("FCM") and forex dealer member ("FDM") subsidiary.  Substantially 
all of our net revenues are derived from our brokerage activities and clearing and execution services.  Our primary 
focus  is  serving  retail  clients  and  independent  registered  investment  advisors  by  providing  services  with 
straightforward, affordable pricing.

Our largest sources of revenues are asset-based revenues and transaction-based revenues.  The primary factors 
driving our asset-based revenues are average balances and average rates.  Average balances consist primarily of 
average client insured deposit account balances, average client margin balances, average segregated cash balances, 
average client credit balances, average fee-based investment balances and average securities borrowing and lending 
balances.  Average rates consist of the average interest rates and fees earned and paid on such balances.  The primary 
factors driving our transaction-based revenues are total client trades and average commissions and transaction fees 
per trade.  We also receive order routing revenue, which results from arrangements we have with many execution 
agents to receive cash payments in exchange for routing trade orders to these firms for execution.  Order routing 
revenue is included in commissions and transaction fees on our Consolidated Statements of Income.

Our largest operating expense generally is employee compensation and benefits.  Employee compensation 
and benefits expense includes salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation, group insurance, contributions to benefit 
programs, recruitment, severance and other related employee costs.

Clearing and execution costs include incremental third-party expenses that tend to fluctuate as a result of 
fluctuations in client accounts or trades.  Examples of expenses included in this category are outsourced clearing 
services,  statement  and  confirmation  processing  and  postage  costs  and  clearing  expenses  paid  to  the  National 
Securities Clearing Corporation, option exchanges and other market centers.  Communications expense includes 
telecommunications, other postage, news and quote costs.  Occupancy and equipment costs include the costs of 
leasing and maintaining our office spaces, software licensing and maintenance costs and maintenance expenses on 
computer hardware and other equipment.  Depreciation and amortization includes depreciation on property and 
equipment and amortization of leasehold improvements.  Amortization of acquired intangible assets consists of 
amortization of amounts allocated to the value of intangible assets acquired in business combinations.

Professional  services  expense  includes  costs  paid  to  outside  firms  for  assistance  with  legal,  accounting, 
technology,  regulatory,  marketing  and  general  management  issues.   Advertising  costs  include  production  and 
placement  of  advertisements  in  various  media,  including  online,  television,  print  and  email,  as  well  as  client 
promotion and development costs.  Advertising expenses may fluctuate significantly from period to period.  Other 
operating expenses include provision for bad debt losses, fraud and error losses, gains or losses on disposal of 
property, insurance expenses, travel expenses and other miscellaneous expenses.

Interest on borrowings consists of interest expense on our long-term debt and other borrowings.  Gain on sale 

of investments represents gains realized on corporate (non broker-dealer) investments.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make judgments and estimates that 
may  have  a  significant  impact  upon  our  financial  results.    Note  1,  under  Item 8,  Financial  Statements  and 
Supplementary Data — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, of this Form 10-K contains a summary of our 
significant accounting policies, many of which require the use of estimates and assumptions.  We believe that the 
following areas are particularly subject to management's judgments and estimates and could materially affect our 
results of operations and financial position.

31

Valuation of goodwill and acquired intangible assets

We test goodwill and our indefinite-lived acquired intangible asset for impairment on at least an annual basis, 
or whenever events occur or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable.  In 
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we elected to prospectively change the date of our annual goodwill and indefinite-
lived acquired intangible asset impairment tests from September 30 to July 1 of each year, commencing on July 1, 
2016.  The change in the impairment testing date is preferable as it provides us with additional time to complete 
our annual impairment testing in advance of our year-end reporting.  In performing the goodwill impairment tests, 
we utilize quoted market prices of our common stock to estimate the fair value of the Company as a whole.  The 
estimated fair value is then allocated to our reporting units based on operating revenues, and is compared with the 
carrying value of the reporting units.  No impairment charges have resulted from our annual goodwill impairment 
tests.

To determine if the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, we first assess certain qualitative factors.  
Based on this assessment, if it is determined that more likely than not the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible 
asset is less than its carrying amount, we perform a quantitative impairment test.  No impairment charges have 
resulted from the annual indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests.

We review our finite-lived acquired intangible assets for impairment whenever events occur or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such asset may not be recoverable.  We evaluate recoverability 
by comparing the undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset to the asset's carrying amount.  We also evaluate 
the remaining useful lives of intangible assets each reporting period to determine if events or trends warrant a 
revision to the remaining period of amortization.  We have had no events or trends that have warranted a material 
revision to the originally estimated useful lives.

Estimates of effective income tax rates, uncertain tax positions, deferred income taxes and related 
valuation allowances

We estimate our income tax expense based on the various jurisdictions where we conduct business.  This 
requires us to estimate our current income tax obligations and to assess temporary differences between the financial 
statement carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities.  Temporary differences result in deferred income 
tax assets and liabilities.  We must evaluate the likelihood that deferred income tax assets will be realized.  To the 
extent we determine that realization is not "more likely than not," we establish a valuation allowance.  Establishing 
or increasing a valuation allowance results in a corresponding increase to income tax expense in our Consolidated 
Statements of Income.  Conversely, to the extent circumstances indicate that a valuation allowance can be reduced 
or is no longer necessary, that portion of the valuation allowance is reversed, reducing income tax expense.

We must make significant judgments to calculate our provision for income taxes, our deferred income tax 
assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance against our deferred income tax assets.  We must also exercise 
judgment in determining the need for, and amount of, any accruals for uncertain tax positions.  Because the application 
of tax laws and regulations to many types of transactions is subject to varying interpretations, amounts reported in 
our consolidated financial statements could be significantly changed at a later date upon final determinations by 
taxing authorities.

Accruals for contingent liabilities

Accruals for contingent liabilities, such as legal and regulatory claims and proceedings, reflect an estimate 
of probable losses for each matter.  In making such estimates, we consider many factors, including the progress of 
the matter, prior experience and the experience of others in similar matters, available defenses, insurance coverage, 
indemnification provisions and the advice of legal counsel and other experts.  In many matters, such as those in 
which substantial or indeterminate damages or fines are sought, or where cases or proceedings are in the early stages, 
it is not possible to determine whether a loss will be incurred, or to estimate the range of that loss, until the matter 
is close to resolution, in which case no accrual is made until that time.  Because matters may be resolved over long 
periods of time, accruals are adjusted as more information becomes available or when an event occurs requiring a 
change.  Significant judgment is required in making these estimates, and the actual cost of resolving a matter may 
ultimately differ materially from the amount accrued.

32

Valuation of guarantees

We enter into guarantees in the ordinary course of business, primarily to meet the needs of our clients and to 
manage our asset-based revenues.  We record a liability for the estimated fair value of the guarantee at its inception.  
If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, our results of operations could be materially affected.  For 
further  details  regarding  our  guarantees,  see  the  following  sections  under  Item 8,  Financial  Statements  and 
Supplementary Data — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements: "Guarantees" under Note 13 — Commitments 
and Contingencies and "Insured Deposit Account Agreement" under Note 19 — Related Party Transactions.

Results of Operations

Conditions in the U.S. equity markets significantly impact the volume of our clients' trading activity.  There 
is a strong relationship between the volume of our clients' trading activity and our results of operations.  We cannot 
predict future trading volumes in the U.S. equity markets.  If client trading activity increases, we generally expect 
that it would have a positive impact on our results of operations.  If client trading activity declines, we expect that 
it would have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Changes  in  average  balances,  especially  client  insured  deposit  account,  margin,  credit  and  mutual  fund 
balances, may significantly impact our results of operations.  Changes in interest rates also significantly impact our 
results of operations.  We seek to mitigate interest rate risk by aligning the average duration of our interest-earning 
assets with that of our interest-bearing liabilities.  We cannot predict the direction of interest rates or the levels of 
client balances.  If interest rates rise, we generally expect to earn a larger net interest spread.  Conversely, a falling 
interest rate environment generally would result in our earning a smaller net interest spread.

Financial Performance Metrics

Net  income,  diluted  earnings  per  share  and  EBITDA  are  key  metrics  we  use  in  evaluating  our  financial 
performance.  Net income and diluted earnings per share are GAAP financial measures and EBITDA is a non-GAAP 
financial measure.

We consider EBITDA to be an important measure of our financial performance and of our ability to generate 
cash flows to service debt, fund capital expenditures and fund other corporate investing and financing activities.  
EBITDA is used as the denominator in the consolidated leverage ratio calculation for covenant purposes under our 
senior  revolving  credit  facility.    EBITDA  eliminates  the  non-cash  effect  of  tangible  asset  depreciation  and 
amortization  and  intangible  asset  amortization.    EBITDA  should  be  considered  in  addition  to,  rather  than  as  a 
substitute for, pre-tax income, net income and cash flows from operating activities.

The following table sets forth net income in dollars and as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated, 

and provides reconciliations to EBITDA (dollars in millions):

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Add:

Fiscal Year Ended September 30,

2016

2015

2014

$
$ 842

% of Net
Revenues

$

% of Net
Revenues

$

25.3% $ 813

25.0% $ 787

% of Net
Revenues
25.2%

Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquired intangible assets .
Interest on borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92

86

53

2.8%

2.6%

1.6%

91

90

43

2.8%

2.8%

1.3%

95

90

25

423

12.7%

475

14.6%

483

EBITDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,496

45.0% $ 1,512

46.6% $ 1,480

3.0%

2.9%

0.8%

15.5%

47.4%

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2015

Our net income increased 4% for fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, primarily due to an increase in net 
revenues and a lower effective tax rate, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses and interest on borrowings 

33

during fiscal 2016 and a $7 million gain on sale of investments during the prior year.  Detailed analysis of net 
revenues and expenses is presented later in this discussion.

Our EBITDA decreased 1% for fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, primarily due to an increase in operating 
expenses excluding depreciation and amortization during fiscal 2016 and a $7 million gain on sale of investments 
during the prior year, partially offset by an increase in net revenues.

Our diluted earnings per share increased 6% to $1.58 for fiscal 2016 compared to $1.49 for fiscal 2015, 
primarily due to higher net income and a 2% decrease in average diluted shares outstanding as a result of our stock 
repurchase programs.  Based on our expectations for net revenues and expenses, we expect diluted earnings per 
share to range from $1.50 to $1.80 for fiscal year 2017, depending largely on the level of client trading activity, 
client asset growth and the level of interest rates.  Details regarding our fiscal year 2017 expectations for net revenues 
and expenses are presented later in this discussion.

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2015 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2014

Our net income increased 3% for fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014, primarily due to an increase in net 
revenues  and  a  lower  effective  tax  rate,  partially  offset  by  an  increase  in  operating  expenses  and  interest  on 
borrowings.

Our  EBITDA  increased  2%  for  fiscal  2015  compared  to  fiscal  2014,  primarily  due  to  an  increase  in  net 

revenues, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses excluding depreciation and amortization.  

Our diluted earnings per share increased 5% to $1.49 for fiscal 2015 compared to $1.42 for fiscal 2014, 
primarily due to higher net income and a 1% decrease in average diluted shares outstanding as a result of our stock 
repurchase programs.

Operating Metrics

Our largest sources of revenues are asset-based revenues and transaction-based revenues.  For fiscal 2016, 
asset-based revenues and transaction-based revenues accounted for 57% and 41% of our net revenues, respectively.  
Asset-based revenues consist of (1) insured deposit account fees, (2) net interest revenue and (3) investment product 
fees.  The primary factors driving our asset-based revenues are average balances and average rates.  Average balances 
consist  primarily  of  average  client  insured  deposit  account  balances,  average  client  margin  balances,  average 
segregated  cash  balances,  average  client  credit  balances,  average  fee-based  investment  balances  and  average 
securities borrowing and lending balances.  Average rates consist of the average interest rates and fees earned and 
paid on such balances.  The primary factors driving our transaction-based revenues are total client trades and average 
commissions and transaction fees per trade.  We also consider client account and client asset metrics, although we 
believe they are generally of less significance to our results of operations for any particular period than our metrics 
for asset-based and transaction-based revenues.

34

Asset-Based Revenue Metrics

We calculate the return on our insured deposit account balances and our interest-earning assets using a measure 
we refer to as net interest margin.  Net interest margin is calculated for a given period by dividing the annualized 
sum of insured deposit account fees and net interest revenue by average spread-based assets.  Spread-based assets 
consist of client and brokerage-related asset balances, including insured deposit account balances, client margin 
balances, segregated cash, deposits paid on securities borrowing and other cash and interest-earning investment 
balances.  The following table sets forth net interest margin and average spread-based assets (dollars in millions):

Average insured deposit account balances. . . .
Average interest-earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016
$ 83,706
22,652

Fiscal Year

2015
$ 75,737
20,223

2014
$ 72,933
18,541

'16 vs. '15
Increase/
(Decrease)
$ 7,969
2,429

'15 vs. '14
Increase/
(Decrease)
$ 2,804
1,682

Average spread-based balances . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 106,358

$ 95,960

$ 91,474

$10,398

$ 4,486

Insured deposit account fee revenue . . . . . . . .
Net interest revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Spread-based revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

926
595

$

839
622

$

820
581

1,521

$ 1,461

$ 1,401

$

$

87
(27)

60

$

$

19
41

60

Average yield — insured deposit account fees

Average yield — interest-earning assets . . . . .
Net interest margin (NIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.09%

2.59%
1.41%

1.09%

3.03%
1.50%

1.11%

3.09%
1.51%

0.00 %

(0.02)%

(0.44)%
(0.09)%

(0.06)%
(0.01)%

The following tables set forth key metrics that we use in analyzing net interest revenue, which is a component 

of net interest margin (dollars in millions):

Interest Revenue (Expense)
Fiscal Year

2016

2015

2014

Segregated cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Client margin balances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities lending/borrowing, net . . . . . . . . . .
Other cash and interest-earning investments . .
Client credit balances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

15

$

5

$

436

141

5

(2)

443

174

1
(1)

7

405

169

1
(1)

'16 vs. '15
Increase/
(Decrease)
10
$
(7)
(33)
4
(1)

Net interest revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

595

$

622

$

581

$

(27) $

'15 vs. '14
Increase/
(Decrease)
$

(2)
38

5

—

—

41

Segregated cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Client margin balances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities borrowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other cash and interest-earning investments . .

Average Balance
Fiscal Year

$

2016
7,034

11,751

932

2,935

$

2015
4,683

12,113

924

2,503

$

2014
5,307

10,493

1,085

1,656

Interest-earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 22,652

$ 20,223

$ 18,541

Client credit balances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 14,669

$ 12,440

$ 11,240

2,084

2,258

2,513

Interest-bearing liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 16,753

$ 14,698

$ 13,753

'16 vs. '15
%
Change

'15 vs. '14
%
Change

50 %

(3)%

1 %

17 %

12 %

18 %

(8)%

14 %

(12)%

15 %

(15)%

51 %

9 %

11 %

(10)%

7 %

35

Segregated cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Client margin balances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other cash and interest-earning investments . .
Client credit balances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average Yield (Cost)
Fiscal Year

2016
0.21 %

3.65 %

0.18 %

2015
0.11 %

3.60 %

0.04 %

2014
0.13 %

3.81 %

0.07 %

(0.01)%

(0.01)%

(0.01)%

'16 vs. '15
Net Yield
Increase/
(Decrease)

'15 vs. '14
Net Yield
Increase/
(Decrease)

0.10 %

0.05 %

0.14 %

0.00 %

(0.02)%

(0.21)%

(0.03)%

0.00 %

Net interest revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.59 %

3.03 %

3.09 %

(0.44)%

(0.06)%

The following tables set forth key metrics that we use in analyzing investment product fee revenues (dollars 

in millions):

Money market mutual fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Market fee-based investment balances . . . . . .

Total investment product fees . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

11

363

374

$

$

— $

334

334

$

Fee Revenue
Fiscal Year

2016

2015

2014

'16 vs. '15
Increase/
(Decrease)
11

— $

'15 vs. '14
Increase/
(Decrease)
—
$

309

309

$

29

40

$

25

25

Money market mutual fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Market fee-based investment balances. . . . . . .

Average Balance
Fiscal Year

2016
5,671

$

2015
5,620

$

2014
5,306

$

155,063

150,431

131,360

Total fee-based investment balances . . . . . . .

$ 160,734

$ 156,051

$ 136,666

'16 vs. '15
%
Change

'15 vs. '14
%
Change

1%

3%

3%

6%

15%

14%

Money market mutual fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Market fee-based investment balances . . . . . .

Total investment product fees . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average Yield
Fiscal Year

2016
0.19%

0.23%

0.23%

2015
0.01%

0.22%

0.21%

2014
0.00%

0.23%

0.22%

'16 vs. '15
Increase/
(Decrease)

'15 vs. '14
Increase/
(Decrease)

0.18%

0.01%

0.02%

0.01 %

(0.01)%

(0.01)%

36

Transaction-Based Revenue Metrics

The  following  table  sets  forth  several  key  metrics  regarding  client  trading  activity,  which  we  utilize  in 

measuring and evaluating performance and the results of our operations:

Total trades (in millions). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average client trades per day . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trading days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average commissions and transaction fees 
per trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Order routing revenue (in millions) . . . . . . .
Average order routing revenue per trade(1) . .

2016
116.66

462,918

252.0

Fiscal Year

2015
115.85

461,541

251.0

2014
106.94

426,888

250.5

$

$

$

11.76

299

2.56

$

$

$

12.09

299

2.58

$

$

$

12.62

304

2.84

'16 vs. '15
%
Change

'15 vs. '14
%
Change

1 %

0 %

0 %

(3)%

0 %

(1)%

8 %

8 %

0 %

(4)%

(2)%

(9)%

(1)  Average order routing revenue per trade is included in average commissions and transaction fees per trade.

Client Account and Client Asset Metrics

The following table sets forth certain metrics regarding client accounts and client assets, which we use to 

analyze growth and trends in our client base:

Funded accounts (beginning of year). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Funded accounts (end of year). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage change during year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Client assets (beginning of year, in billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Client assets (end of year, in billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage change during year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net new assets (in billions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net new assets growth rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016
6,621,000

6,950,000

Fiscal Year

2015
6,301,000

6,621,000

2014
5,993,000

6,301,000

5%

5%

5%

$

$

$

$

$

$

667.4

773.8

16%

60.3

9%

$

$

$

653.1

667.4

2%

63.0

10%

555.9

653.1

17%

53.4

10%

37

Consolidated Statements of Income Data

The following table summarizes certain data from our Consolidated Statements of Income for analysis purposes 

(dollars in millions):

Fiscal Year

2016

2015

2014

'16 vs. '15
%
Change

'15 vs. '14
%
Change

Revenues:

Transaction-based revenues:

Commissions and transaction fees . . . . .

$ 1,372

$ 1,401

$ 1,351

(2)%

Asset-based revenues:

Insured deposit account fees . . . . . . . . . .
Net interest revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment product fees . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total asset-based revenues . . . . . . . . .

Other revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating expenses:

Employee compensation and benefits . . . . .
Clearing and execution costs . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Occupancy and equipment costs . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation and amortization. . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquired intangible assets .
Professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other expense (income):

Interest on borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain on sale of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other expense (income) . . . . . . . . .

926

595

374

1,895

60
3,327

839

136

137

171

92

86

178

260

110

839

622

334

1,795

51
3,247

807

148

125

163

91

90

159

248

91

820

581

309

1,710

62
3,123

760

134

116

156

95

90

155

250

82

2,009

1,318

1,922

1,325

1,838

1,285

53

—
—

53

43
(7)
1

37

25
(10)
—

15

Pre-tax income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,265

1,288

1,270

423

842

475

813

$

483

787

$

10 %

(4)%

12 %

6 %

18 %
2 %

4 %

(8)%

10 %

5 %

1 %

(4)%

12 %

5 %

21 %

5 %

(1)%

23 %

(100)%
(100)%

43 %

(2)%

(11)%

4 %

4 %

2 %

7 %

8 %

5 %

(18)%
4 %

6 %

10 %

8 %

4 %

(4)%

0 %

3 %

(1)%

11 %

5 %

3 %

72 %

(30)%
N/A

147 %

1 %

(2)%

3 %

Other information:
Effective income tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average debt outstanding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effective interest rate incurred on

borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33.4%

36.9%

38.0%

$ 1,748

$ 1,564

$ 1,106

12 %

41 %

3.03%

2.73%

2.20%

38

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2015

Net Revenues

Commissions and transaction fees decreased 2% to $1.37 billion, primarily due to lower average commissions 
and  transaction  fees  per  trade,  slightly  offset  by  increased  client  trading  activity.   Average  commissions  and 
transaction fees per trade decreased to $11.76 from $12.09, primarily due to lower average contracts per trade on 
option and futures trades and a slightly higher percentage of our clients' trades receiving reduced commission rates 
as a result of continued price competition in the industry.  Total trades increased 1% as average client trades per day 
increased slightly to 462,918 for fiscal 2016 compared to 461,541 for fiscal 2015, and there was one more trading 
day during fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015.  We expect average commissions and transaction fees to decrease 
to between $11.50 and $11.75 per trade during fiscal 2017, depending on the mix of client trading activity, level of 
order routing revenue and other factors.  We expect revenues from commissions and transaction fees to range from 
$1.37 billion to $1.49 billion for fiscal 2017, depending on the volume of client trading activity, average commissions 
and transaction fees per trade and other factors.

Asset-based revenues, which consist of insured deposit account fees, net interest revenue and investment 
product fees, increased 6% to $1.90 billion primarily due to an 11% increase in average spread-based assets, an 
increase of 2 basis points in the average yield earned on total fee-based investment balances and the deferral of $10 
million of revenue during fiscal 2015 related to an Amerivest® fee rebate offer, as described below.  These increases 
were partially offset by a decrease of 9 basis points in net interest margin to 1.41%, as the benefit realized on the 
December 2015 federal funds rate increase was more than offset by a decrease in net interest revenue from our 
securities borrowing/lending program and the impact of lower average client margin balances, which earn a larger 
net interest spread, as well as higher average cash balances, which earn a lower net interest spread.  On December 
16, 2015, the Federal Open Market Committee increased the target range for the federal funds rate by 0.25% to 
between 0.25% and 0.50%.  We expect net interest margin to decrease to between 1.27% and 1.38% for fiscal 2017, 
depending largely on the interest rate environment.  We expect asset-based revenues to range between $1.86 billion 
and $2.10 billion for fiscal 2017, as we expect growth in spread-based and fee-based asset balances to be partially 
offset by a decrease in net interest margin.  The low end of this estimated range assumes no change in the federal 
funds rate and a flattening of interest rates across the LIBOR yield curve for fiscal 2017.  The high end of the 
estimated range assumes an increase in the federal funds rate and in interest rates across the LIBOR yield curve for 
fiscal 2017. 

Insured deposit account fees increased 10% to $926 million, primarily due to an 11% increase in average 
client IDA balances.  The average yield earned on the IDA assets was unchanged at 1.09% for fiscal year 2016, as 
the benefit realized on the December 2015 federal funds rate increase was partially offset by an increase in the IDA 
servicing fee due to more balances being kept in floating-rate investments and due to a $5 million FDIC surcharge 
during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016.  On March 15, 2016, the FDIC announced its final rule to increase the 
deposit insurance fund to a statutorily required minimum level by imposing a surcharge on quarterly assessments.  
We expect the FDIC surcharge to decrease our insured deposit account fees by approximately $5 million per quarter, 
reducing the average yield earned on the IDA assets by approximately 2.5 basis points.  We expect insured deposit 
account fees to range between $870 million and $955 million for fiscal 2017, as we expect growth in the average 
IDA balances to be offset by a decrease in the expected average yield earned on IDA assets.  We expect the average 
yield earned on IDA assets will decrease to between 0.95% and 1.00%, primarily due to balance growth and maturities 
of investments within the IDA portfolio being invested at lower rates and due to the impact of the FDIC surcharge.  
For more information about the IDA agreement, please see Note 19 — Related Party Transactions under Item 8, 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net interest revenue decreased 4% to $595 million, primarily due to a $33 million decrease in net interest 
revenue  from  our  securities  borrowing/lending  program  and  a  3%  decrease  in  average  client  margin  balances, 
partially offset by increases in the average yields earned on segregated cash, client margin and other cash and interest-
earning investment balances as a result of the December 2015 federal funds rate increase.  We expect net interest 
revenue to range from $585 million to $710 million for fiscal 2017, depending on the extent of balance growth, 
demand for stock lending and the nature of the interest rate environment.

Investment product fees increased 12% to $374 million, primarily due to an increase of 2 basis points in the 
average yield earned on total fee-based investment balances, which includes the impact of the December 2015 
federal funds rate increase, a 3% increase in average market fee-based investment balances and a $10 million revenue 
39

deferral during the prior year related to an Amerivest® fee rebate offer.  For client assets subject to the Amerivest®
fee rebate offer, if the model portfolio in which the client is invested experiences two consecutive quarters of negative 
performance (before advisory fees), the Company will refund the advisory fees for both quarters to the client.  Several 
of the portfolios experienced negative performance for the last two quarters of fiscal 2015, therefore recognition of 
the revenue for the related advisory fees was deferred.  Approximately $7 million of the deferred advisory fee 
revenue during fiscal 2015 represented rebate obligations that were paid during early fiscal 2016.  The Amerivest®
fee rebate offer concluded on October 5, 2016, therefore the quarter ending September 30, 2017 will be the last 
period subject to the rebate offer.  We expect investment product fees to increase to between $405 million and $430 
million for fiscal 2017, primarily due to expected growth in average fee-based investment balances.

Other revenues increased 18% to $60 million, primarily due to increased fees from processing corporate 
securities reorganizations during fiscal 2016 and unfavorable fair market value adjustments to U.S. government 
debt securities held for investment purposes by our broker-dealer subsidiaries during the prior year.

Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses increased 5% to $2.01 billion during fiscal 2016.  We expect total operating expenses 

to range from $1.98 billion to $2.06 billion for fiscal 2017.

Employee compensation and benefits expense increased 4% to $839 million, primarily due to annual merit 
increases, additional costs of $10 million related to organizational changes and higher health insurance costs.  The 
average number of full-time equivalent employees increased to 5,858 for fiscal 2016 compared to 5,826 for fiscal 
2015.

Clearing and execution costs decreased 8% to $136 million, primarily due to lower option trade execution 
costs resulting from decreased option trading activity and fee reductions by the Options Clearing Corporation during 
fiscal 2016, including a $5 million benefit from a retroactive fee decrease during the first quarter of fiscal 2016.

Communications expense increased 10% to $137 million, primarily due to increased costs for quotes and 

market information.

Occupancy  and  equipment  costs  increased  5%  to  $171  million,  primarily  due  to  increased  software 

maintenance and facilities expenses.

Professional  services  expense  increased  12%  to  $178  million,  primarily  due  to  increased  consulting  and 

contract services in connection with operational, technology and acquisition-related initiatives.

Advertising expense increased 5% to $260 million primarily due to increased advertising in connection with 

our sponsorship of the Summer Olympics.

Other operating expenses increased 21% to $110 million, primarily due to $11 million of service contract 
termination costs, the impact of an $8 million insurance recovery during the prior year, higher losses on the disposal 
of property of $7 million and a $3 million recovery of money market funds from the final distribution of The Reserve 
Primary Fund during the prior year.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease in bad debt expense and 
lower litigation, arbitration and regulatory losses.

Other Expense and Income Taxes

Interest  on  borrowings  increased  23%  to  $53  million,  primarily  due  to  a  12%  increase  in  average  debt 
outstanding and an increase of 30 basis points in the average effective interest rate incurred on our debt.  The increase 
in average debt outstanding was primarily due to our issuance, on March 4, 2015, of $750 million of 2.950% Senior 
Notes due April 1, 2022 for general corporate purposes, including liquidity for operational contingencies.

Our effective income tax rate was 33.4% for fiscal 2016, compared to 36.9% for fiscal 2015.  The effective 
tax rate for fiscal 2016 was impacted by $39 million of net favorable adjustments to uncertain tax positions and 
related deferred income tax assets, which included a favorable $33 million tax liability remeasurement related to a 
state court decision.  The effective income tax rate was also impacted by an $18 million favorable tax benefit claimed 
during fiscal year 2016 for federal deductions and tax credits related to calendar tax year 2012 through September 
30, 2016 and $5 million of net favorable deferred income tax adjustments due to the remeasurement of deferred tax 
assets and liabilities and the cumulative impact of the decline in the state tax rate.  These items had a net favorable 

40

impact on our earnings of approximately twelve cents per share.  The effective tax rate for fiscal 2015 included $22 
million of favorable resolutions of state income tax matters.  This favorably impacted our earnings for fiscal 2015 
by approximately four cents per share.  We expect our effective income tax rate to range from 37% to 38% for fiscal 
2017, excluding the effect of any adjustments related to remeasurement or resolution of uncertain tax positions and 
federal incentives.  However, we expect to experience some volatility in our quarterly and annual effective income 
tax rate because current accounting rules for uncertain tax positions require that any change in measurement of a 
tax position taken in a prior tax year be recognized as a discrete event in the period in which the change occurs.

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2015 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2014

Net Revenues

Commissions and transaction fees increased 4% to $1.40 billion, primarily due to increased client trading 
activity, partially offset by lower average commissions and transaction fees per trade.  Average client trades per day 
increased 8% to 461,541 for fiscal 2015 compared to 426,888 for fiscal 2014.  Average commissions and transaction 
fees per trade decreased to $12.09 for fiscal 2015 compared to $12.62 for fiscal 2014, primarily due to a 9% decrease 
in average order routing revenue per trade, a higher percentage of reduced commission trades, including negotiated 
rates for our active trader clients, and a higher percentage of futures trades, which earn somewhat lower average 
commissions and transaction fees per trade and do not generate order routing revenue.

Asset-based revenues increased 5% to $1.80 billion, primarily due to a 5% increase in average spread-based 
assets and a 15% increase in average market fee-based investment balances, partially offset by a decrease of 1 basis 
point in the net interest margin earned on spread-based assets and the deferral of $10 million of revenue during 
fiscal 2015 related to an Amerivest® fee rebate offer, as described below.  Our net interest margin was 1.50% for 
fiscal 2015, compared to 1.51% for the prior year, primarily due to lower average yields earned on client margin 
and insured deposit account balances. 

Insured deposit account fees increased 2% to $839 million, primarily due to a 4% increase in average client 
IDA balances, partially offset by a decrease of 2 basis points in the average yield earned on the IDA assets.  IDA 
balances have grown more slowly than our net new client asset annualized growth rate, which was 10% for fiscal 
2015, as client participation in the market has resulted in a relatively low percentage of total client assets being held 
in cash. 

Net interest revenue increased 7% to $622 million, primarily due to a 15% increase in average client margin 
balances and a $5 million increase in net interest revenue from our securities borrowing/lending program, partially 
offset by a decrease of 21 basis points in the average yield earned on client margin balances.  Most of the growth 
in average client margin balances has come from clients with larger margin balances and lower negotiated rates. 

Investment product fees increased 8% to $334 million, primarily due to a 15% increase in average market 
fee-based investment balances, partially offset by the deferral of $10 million of revenue during fiscal 2015 related 
to an Amerivest® fee rebate offer.  Approximately $7 million of the deferred advisory fee revenue during fiscal 2015 
represented rebate obligations that were paid during early fiscal 2016.

Other revenues decreased 18% to $51 million, primarily due to lower client education revenue and unfavorable 
fair market value adjustments to U.S. government debt securities held for investment purposes by our broker-dealer 
subsidiaries.

Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses increased 5% to $1.92 billion during fiscal 2015 compared to fiscal 2014. 

Employee compensation and benefits expense increased 6% to $807 million, primarily due to an increase in 
average  headcount  related  to  strategic  growth  initiatives  and  higher  incentive-based  compensation  related  to 
Company and individual performance.  The average number of full-time equivalent employees increased to 5,826 
for fiscal 2015 compared to 5,578 for fiscal 2014.

Clearing and execution costs increased 10% to $148 million, primarily due to a higher percentage of futures 
trades, which cost more than equity trades to execute, fee increases by the Options Clearing Corporation that became 
effective April 1, 2014 and higher overall client trading volumes.

41

Communications expense increased 8% to $125 million, primarily due to increased costs for quotes and market 

information.

Occupancy and equipment costs increased 4% to $163 million, primarily due to upgrades to our technology 

infrastructure.

Other operating expenses increased 11% to $91 million, primarily due to increased litigation, arbitration and 
other losses and bad debt expense.  These increases were partially offset by a $3 million recovery of money market 
funds from the final distribution of The Reserve Primary Fund and approximately $8 million of insurance recoveries 
related to previous losses during fiscal 2015.

Other Expense and Income Taxes

Interest  on  borrowings  increased  72%  to  $43  million,  primarily  due  to  a  41%  increase  in  average  debt 
outstanding  and  an  increase  of  53  basis  points  in  the  average  effective  interest  rate  incurred  on  our  debt.    On 
October 17, 2014, we issued $500 million of 3.625% Senior Notes due April 1, 2025, for purposes of refinancing 
our $500 million of 4.150% Senior Notes due December 1, 2014.  In addition, on March 4, 2015, we issued $750 
million of 2.950% Senior Notes due April 1, 2022 for general corporate purposes, including liquidity for operational 
contingencies.  The timing of the issuance and maturity dates related to the debt refinancing, along with the issuance 
of the 2.950% Senior Notes, contributed to the increase in average debt outstanding during fiscal 2015. 

Our effective income tax rate was 36.9% for fiscal 2015, compared to 38.0% for fiscal 2014.  The effective 
tax rate for fiscal 2015 included $22 million of favorable resolutions of state income tax matters.  This favorably 
impacted our earnings for fiscal 2015 by approximately four cents per share.  The effective tax rate for fiscal 2014 
included $10 million of favorable resolutions of state income tax matters, partially offset by $2 million of unfavorable 
deferred income tax adjustments resulting from state income tax law changes.  These items had a net favorable 
impact on our earnings for fiscal 2014 of approximately one cent per share. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As a holding company, TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation conducts substantially all of its business through 
its  operating  subsidiaries,  principally  its  broker-dealer  and  futures  commission  merchant  ("FCM")/forex  dealer 
member ("FDM") subsidiaries.

We have historically financed our liquidity and capital needs primarily through the use of funds generated 
from subsidiary operations and from borrowings under our credit agreements.  We have also issued common stock 
and long-term debt to finance mergers and acquisitions and for other corporate purposes.  Our liquidity needs during 
fiscal 2016 were financed primarily from our subsidiaries' earnings and cash on hand.  We plan to finance our 
ordinary  capital  and  liquidity  needs  in  fiscal  2017  primarily  from  our  subsidiaries'  earnings,  cash  on  hand  and 
borrowings.  During fiscal 2017, we plan to return approximately 40% of our net income excluding amortization 
of intangible assets to our stockholders through cash dividends.  For more information about our dividends, see 
"Cash Dividends" later in this section.

We intend to fund the acquisition of Scottrade with new common equity, cash on hand and debt financing.  
The Scottrade acquisition is expected to close by September 30, 2017.  For further information about the Scottrade 
acquisition,  please  see  Note 22  —  Subsequent  Event  under  Item  8,  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary 
Information — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

On March 4, 2015, we sold, through a public offering, $750 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured 
2.950%  Senior  Notes  due April  1,  2022.   We  issued  the  2.950%  Senior  Notes  for  general  corporate  purposes, 
including liquidity for operational contingencies.  Liquidity for operational contingencies could be used to fund 
increases in our deposit requirements with clearinghouses, and to provide operating liquidity for client trading and 
investing activity in the normal course of business and during times of market volatility.

Dividends from our subsidiaries are an important source of liquidity for the parent company.  Some of our 
subsidiaries are subject to requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), the Financial Industry 
Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"), the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"), the National Futures 
Association ("NFA") and other regulators relating to liquidity, capital standards and the use of client funds and 
securities, which may limit funds available for the payment of dividends to the parent company.

42

Broker-dealer and Futures Commission Merchant/Forex Dealer Member Subsidiaries

Our broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries are subject to regulatory requirements that are intended to 
ensure their liquidity and general financial soundness.  Under the SEC's Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the "Exchange Act"), our broker-dealer subsidiaries are required to 
maintain, at all times, at least the minimum level of net capital required under Rule 15c3-1.  For our clearing broker-
dealer subsidiary, this minimum net capital level is determined by a calculation described in Rule 15c3-1 that is 
primarily based on the broker-dealer's "aggregate debits," which primarily are a function of client margin balances 
at  the  clearing  broker-dealer.    Since  our  aggregate  debits  may  fluctuate  significantly,  our  minimum  net  capital 
requirements may also fluctuate significantly from period to period.  The parent company may make cash capital 
contributions  to  our  broker-dealer  and  FCM/FDM  subsidiaries,  if  necessary,  to  meet  minimum  net  capital 
requirements.

Each of our broker-dealer subsidiaries may not repay any subordinated borrowings, pay cash dividends or 
make any unsecured advances or loans to its parent company or employees if such payment would result in a net 
capital amount of less than (a) 5% of aggregate debit balances or (b) 120% of its minimum dollar requirement.  
TD Ameritrade Futures & Forex LLC ("TDAFF"), our FCM and FDM subsidiary, must provide notice to the CFTC 
if its adjusted net capital amounts to less than (a) 110% of its risk-based capital requirement under CFTC Regulation 
1.17, (b) 150% of its $1.0 million minimum dollar requirement, or (c) 110% of $20.0 million plus 5% of all liabilities 
owed to forex clients in excess of $10.0 million.  These broker-dealer, FCM and FDM net capital thresholds, which 
are specified in Rule 17a-11 under the Exchange Act and CFTC Regulations 1.12 and 5.6, are typically referred to 
as "early warning" net capital thresholds.  

The following tables summarize our broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries net capital and adjusted net 

capital, respectively, as of September 30, 2016 (dollars in millions): 

TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TD Ameritrade, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

1,719

139

$

$

720

0.3

$

$

999

138

Net Capital

Early Warning
Threshold

Net Capital in
Excess of
Early Warning
Threshold

Adjusted Net
Capital

Early Warning
Threshold

Adjusted Net 
Capital in
Excess of
Early Warning
Threshold

TD Ameritrade Futures & Forex LLC . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

117

$

24

$

93

Our clearing broker-dealer subsidiary, TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. ("TDAC"), engages in activities such as 
settling  client  securities  transactions  with  clearinghouses,  extending  credit  to  clients  through  margin  lending, 
securities lending and borrowing transactions and processing client cash sweep transactions to and from insured 
deposit  accounts  and  money  market  mutual  funds.   These  types  of  broker-dealer  activities  require  active  daily 
liquidity management.

Most of TDAC's assets are readily convertible to cash, consisting primarily of cash and investments segregated 
for the exclusive benefit of clients, receivables from clients and receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing 
organizations.  Cash and investments segregated for the exclusive benefit of clients may be held in cash, reverse 
repurchase agreements (collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities), U.S. Treasury securities and other qualified 
securities.  Receivables from clients consist of margin loans, which are demand loan obligations secured by readily 
marketable securities.  Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations primarily arise from current 
open transactions, which usually settle or can be settled within a few business days.

TDAC  is  subject  to  cash  deposit  and  collateral  requirements  with  clearinghouses  such  as  the  Depository 
Trust & Clearing Corporation ("DTCC") and the OCC, which may fluctuate significantly from time to time based 
on  the  nature  and  size  of  our  clients'  trading  activity.   TDAC  had  $335  million  and  $540  million  of  cash  and 
investments  deposited  with  clearing  organizations  for  the  clearing  of  client  equity  and  option  trades  as  of 

43

September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  The largest amount of TDAC cash and investments ever deposited 
with clearing organizations was approximately $714 million, which occurred in October 2015.

TDAC's liquidity needs relating to client trading and margin borrowing are met primarily through cash balances 
in client brokerage accounts and lending of client margin securities.  Cash balances in client brokerage accounts 
were $18.7 billion and $15.7 billion as of September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  Cash balances in client 
brokerage accounts not used for client trading and margin borrowing activity are not generally available for other 
liquidity purposes and must be segregated for the exclusive benefit of clients under Rule 15c3-3 of the Exchange 
Act.  TDAC had $8.4 billion and $6.0 billion of cash and investments segregated in special reserve bank accounts 
for the exclusive benefit of clients under Rule 15c3-3 as of September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

For general liquidity needs, TDAC also maintains a senior unsecured revolving credit facility in an aggregate 
principal amount of $300 million.  This facility is described under Loan Facilities – TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. 
Credit Agreement later in this section. There were no borrowings outstanding on this facility as of September 30, 
2016.

In addition, we have established intercompany credit agreements under which the broker-dealer and FCM/
FDM subsidiaries may borrow from the parent company.  The intercompany credit agreement with TDAC provides 
for a committed revolving loan facility of $700 million and an uncommitted revolving loan facility of $300 million.  
The intercompany credit agreements are described under Loan Facilities – Intercompany Credit Agreements later 
in this section.  There were no borrowings outstanding under any of the intercompany credit agreements as of 
September 30, 2016.

Liquid Assets Available for Corporate Investing and Financing Activities

We consider "liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities" to be an important measure 
of our liquidity.  Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities is considered a non-GAAP 
financial measure.  We include the excess capital of our broker-dealer subsidiaries in the calculation of liquid assets 
available for corporate investing and financing activities, rather than simply including broker-dealer cash and cash 
equivalents, because capital requirements may limit the amount of cash available for dividend from the broker-
dealer subsidiaries to the parent company.  Excess capital, as defined below, is generally available for dividend from 
the broker-dealer subsidiaries to the parent company.  Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing 
activities should be considered as a supplemental measure of liquidity, rather than as a substitute for cash and cash 
equivalents.

We define liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities as the sum of (a) corporate 
cash and cash equivalents and investments, excluding amounts being maintained to provide liquidity for operational 
contingencies,  including  lending  to  our  broker-dealer  and  FCM/FDM  subsidiaries  under  intercompany  credit 
agreements and (b) regulatory net capital of (i) our clearing broker-dealer subsidiary in excess of 10% of aggregate 
debit items and (ii) our introducing broker-dealer subsidiary in excess of a minimum operational target established 
by  management  ($50  million  in  the  case  of  our  introducing  broker-dealer,  TD Ameritrade,  Inc.).    Liquid 
assets available for corporate investing and financing activities is based on more conservative measures of broker-
dealer net capital than regulatory requirements because we generally manage to higher levels of net capital at the 
broker-dealer subsidiaries than the regulatory thresholds require. 

44

The  following  table  sets  forth  a  reconciliation  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  which  is  the  most  directly 
comparable GAAP measure, to liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities (dollars in 
millions):

Cash and cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Non-corporate cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate cash and cash equivalents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Corporate liquidity maintained for operational contingencies. . . . . . . .

Excess corporate cash and cash equivalents and investments . . . . .
Excess broker-dealer regulatory net capital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

September 30,

2016
$ 1,855
(1,395)
460

2015
$ 1,978
(909)
1,069

757
(773)

444

369

—
(750)

319

211

Change
$ (123)
(486)
(609)
757
(23)

125

158

Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities. . . . . . . . .

$ 813

$ 530

$ 283

The changes in liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities are summarized as 

follows (dollars in millions):

Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities as of September 30, 2015 . .

$

530

Plus:

Less:

EBITDA(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reduction in net capital requirement due to decrease in aggregate debits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other changes in working capital and regulatory net capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock for income tax withholding on stock-based compensation . . . . .
Increase in corporate liquidity maintained for operational contingencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changes in net capital related to daily futures client cash sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,496

109

140
(519)
(362)
(352)
(105)
(54)
(30)
(23)
(17)

Liquid assets available for corporate investing and financing activities as of September 30, 2016 . .

$

813

(1) 

See "Financial Performance Metrics" earlier in this section for a description of EBITDA.

45

Loan Facilities

The following is a summary of our long-term debt and credit facilities.  For additional details, please see 
Note 8  —  Long-term  Debt  under  Item  8,  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Information  —  Notes  to 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

Senior Notes - Our unsecured, fixed-rate Senior Notes were each sold through a public offering and pay interest 
semi-annually in arrears.  Key information about the Senior Notes outstanding is summarized in the following table 
(dollars in millions):

Description

Date Issued

2019 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November 25, 2009
2022 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2025 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

March 4, 2015
October 17, 2014

Maturity Date
December 1, 2019
April 1, 2022
April 1, 2025

Aggregate
Principal
$500
$750
$500

Interest Rate
5.600%
2.950%
3.625%

Fair Value Hedging - We are exposed to changes in the fair value of our fixed-rate Senior Notes resulting 
from interest rate fluctuations.  To hedge a portion of this exposure, we entered into fixed-for-variable interest rate 
swaps on the 2019 Notes and the 2025 Notes.  Each fixed-for-variable interest rate swap has a notional amount of 
$500 million and a maturity date matching the maturity date of the respective Senior Notes. 

The interest rate swaps effectively change the fixed-rate interest on the 2019 Notes and 2025 Notes to variable-
rate  interest.    Under  the  terms  of  the  interest  rate  swap  agreements,  we  receive  semi-annual  fixed-rate  interest 
payments based on the same rates applicable to the Senior Notes, and make quarterly variable-rate interest payments 
based on three-month LIBOR plus (a) 2.3745% for the swap on the 2019 Notes and (b) 1.1022% for the swap on 
the 2025 Notes.  As of September 30, 2016, the weighted average effective interest rate on the aggregate principal 
balance of the 2019 Notes and 2025 Notes was 2.48%

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation Credit Agreement - TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (the "Parent") 
has access to a senior unsecured revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $300 million (the 
"Parent Revolving Facility").  The maturity date of the Parent Revolving Facility is June 11, 2019.  There were no 
borrowings outstanding under the Parent Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2016. 

TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. Credit Agreement - TDAC has access to a senior unsecured revolving credit 
facility in the aggregate principal amount of $300 million (the "TDAC Revolving Facility").  The maturity date of 
the TDAC Revolving Facility is June 11, 2019. There were no borrowings outstanding under the TDAC Revolving 
Facility as of September 30, 2016.

Intercompany Credit Agreements - The Parent has entered into credit agreements with each of its primary 
broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries, under which the Parent may make loans of cash or securities under 
committed and uncommitted lines of credit as summarized in the table below (dollars in millions):

Borrower Subsidiary
TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TD Ameritrade, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TD Ameritrade Futures & Forex LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Committed
Facility
$700
$50
$22.5

Uncommitted 
Facility (1)
$300
$300
N/A

Termination Date
March 1, 2022
March 1, 2022
August 11, 2021

(1)   The Parent is permitted, but under no obligation, to make loans under uncommitted facilities.

There were no borrowings outstanding under any of the intercompany credit agreements as of September 30, 2016.

46

Stock Repurchase Programs

On  October 20,  2011,  our  board  of  directors  authorized  the  repurchase  of  up  to  30 million  shares  of  our 
common stock.  During the first half of fiscal 2016, we completed the October 20, 2011 stock repurchase authorization 
by repurchasing the remaining 7.9 million shares at a weighted average purchase price of $29.42 per share.  From 
the inception of this stock repurchase authorization through its completion in March 2016, we repurchased a total 
of 30 million shares at a weighted average purchase price of $29.19 per share.

On November 20, 2015, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 30 million 
shares  of  our  common  stock.    During  fiscal  2016,  we  repurchased  approximately  4  million  shares  under  this 
authorization  at  a  weighted  average  purchase  price  of  $29.37  per  share.   As  of  September 30,  2016,  we  had 
approximately 26 million shares remaining under the November 20, 2015 stock repurchase authorization.  We plan 
to suspend further repurchases under our current stock repurchase authorization until after the completion of the 
Scottrade acquisition. 

Cash Dividends

We declared $0.17 per share, $0.15 per share and $0.12 per share quarterly cash dividends on our common 
stock during each quarter of fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.  We also declared and paid a $0.50 per 
share special cash dividend on our common stock during the first quarter of fiscal 2014.  We paid $362 million, 
$326 million and $540 million to fund the dividends for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On October 24, 2016, we declared an $0.18 per share quarterly cash dividend on our common stock for the 
first quarter of fiscal 2017.  We expect to pay approximately $95 million on November 22, 2016 to fund the quarterly 
cash dividend.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We enter into guarantees and other off-balance sheet arrangements in the ordinary course of business, primarily 
to meet the needs of our clients and to manage our asset-based revenues.  For information on these arrangements, 
see the following sections under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data — Notes to Consolidated 
Financial  Statements:  "General  Contingencies"  and  "Guarantees"  under  Note  13  —  Commitments  and 
Contingencies and "Insured Deposit Account Agreement" under Note 19 — Related Party Transactions.  The IDA 
agreement accounts for a significant percentage of our net revenues (28% of our net revenues for the fiscal year 
ended September 30, 2016) and enables our clients to invest in an FDIC-insured deposit product without the need 
for the Company to establish the significant levels of capital that would be required to maintain our own bank charter.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2016 (dollars in millions):

Contractual Obligations

Total

Payments Due by Period (Fiscal Years):

Less than
1 year

2017

1-3 years

2018-19

3-5 years

2020-21

More than
5 years

After 2021

Long-term debt obligations(1) . . . . . . . .
Operating lease obligations. . . . . . . . . .
Purchase obligations(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes payable(3). . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2,024

$

342

283

98

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2,747

$

49

58

239

98

444

$

96

109

31

—

$

571

$

1,308

71

4

—

104

9

—

$

236

$

646

$

1,421

(1)  Represents scheduled principal payments, estimated interest payments and commitment fees pursuant to the 
Senior Notes, the interest rate swaps and the revolving credit facilities.  Actual amounts of interest may vary 
depending on changes in variable interest rates associated with the interest rate swaps.

47

(2) 

Purchase obligations primarily relate to agreements for goods and services such as building construction 
costs, property and equipment, software, telecommunications, market information, advertising and marketing, 
professional services, and employee compensation and benefits.

(3)  A significant portion of our income taxes payable as of September 30, 2016 consists of liabilities for uncertain 
tax positions and related interest and penalties.  The timing of payments, if any, on liabilities for uncertain 
tax positions cannot be predicted with reasonable accuracy.

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk generally represents the risk of loss that may result from the potential change in the value of a 
financial instrument as a result of fluctuations in interest rates and market prices.  We have established policies, 
procedures and internal processes governing our management of market risks in the normal course of our business 
operations.

Market-related Credit Risk

Two primary sources of credit risk inherent in our business are (1) client credit risk related to margin lending 
and leverage and (2) counterparty credit risk related to securities lending and borrowing.  We manage risk on client 
margin lending and leverage by requiring clients to maintain margin collateral in compliance with regulatory and 
internal guidelines.  The risks associated with margin lending and leverage increase during periods of rapid market 
movements, or in cases where leverage or collateral is concentrated and market movements occur.  We monitor 
required margin levels daily and, pursuant to such guidelines, require our clients to deposit additional collateral, or 
to reduce positions, when necessary.  We continuously monitor client accounts to detect excessive concentration, 
large orders or positions, patterns of day trading and other activities that indicate increased risk to us.  We manage 
risks associated with our securities lending and borrowing activities by requiring credit approvals for counterparties, 
by monitoring the market value of securities loaned and collateral values for securities borrowed on a daily basis 
and requiring additional cash as collateral for securities loaned or return of collateral for securities borrowed when 
necessary, and by participating in a risk-sharing program offered through the Options Clearing Corporation.

We are party to interest rate swaps related to our long-term debt, which are subject to counterparty credit risk.  
Credit risk on derivative financial instruments is managed by limiting activity to approved counterparties that meet 
a minimum credit rating threshold and by entering into credit support agreements, or by utilizing approved central 
clearing counterparties registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.  Our interest rate swaps require 
daily collateral coverage, in the form of cash or U.S. Treasury securities, for the aggregate fair value of the interest 
rate swaps.

Interest Rate Risk

As a fundamental part of our brokerage business, we invest in interest-earning assets and are obligated on 
interest-bearing liabilities.  In addition, we earn fees on our insured deposit account ("IDA") arrangement with 
TD Bank USA, N.A. and TD Bank, N.A. and on money market mutual funds, which are subject to interest rate risk.  
Changes in interest rates could affect the interest earned on assets differently than interest paid on liabilities.  A 
rising interest rate environment generally results in our earning a larger net interest spread.  Conversely, a falling 
interest rate environment generally results in our earning a smaller net interest spread.

Our most prevalent form of interest rate risk is referred to as "gap" risk.  This risk occurs when the interest 
rates we earn on our assets change at a different frequency or amount than the interest rates we pay on our liabilities.  
For example, in the current low interest rate environment, sharp increases in short-term interest rates could result 
in net interest spread compression if the yields paid on interest-bearing client balances were to increase faster than 
our earnings on interest-earning assets.  We seek to mitigate interest rate risk by aligning the average duration of 
our interest-earning assets with that of our interest-bearing liabilities.  As of September 30, 2016, our consolidated 
duration was 1.85 years.  We have an Asset/Liability Committee as the governance body with the responsibility of 
managing interest rate risk, including gap risk.

We use net interest simulation modeling techniques to evaluate the effect that changes in interest rates might 
have on pre-tax income.  Our model includes all interest-sensitive assets and liabilities of the Company and interest-
sensitive assets and liabilities associated with the IDA arrangement.  The simulations involve assumptions that are 

48

inherently uncertain and, as a result, cannot precisely predict the impact that changes in interest rates will have on 
pre-tax income.  Actual results may differ from simulated results due to differences in timing and frequency of rate 
changes, changes in market conditions and changes in management strategy that lead to changes in the mix of 
interest-sensitive assets and liabilities.

The simulations assume that the asset and liability structure of our Consolidated Balance Sheet and the IDA 
arrangement would not be changed as a result of a simulated change in interest rates.  The results of the simulations 
based on our financial position as of September 30, 2016 indicate that a gradual 1% (100 basis points) increase in 
interest rates over a 12-month period would result in a range of approximately $100 million to $200 million higher 
pre-tax income and a gradual 1% (100 basis points) decrease in interest rates over a 12-month period would result 
in a range of approximately $50 million to $70 million lower pre-tax income, depending largely on the extent and 
timing of possible increases in payment rates on client cash balances and interest rates charged on client margin 
balances.  The results of the simulations reflect the fact that short-term interest rates remain at historically low levels 
despite the increase in the federal funds target range to 0.25% to 0.50% as directed by the Federal Open Market 
Committee in December 2015.

Other Market Risks

Substantially all of our revenues and financial instruments are denominated in U.S. dollars.  We generally do 

not enter into derivative transactions, except for hedging purposes.

49

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (the 
"Company") as of September 30, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive 
income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2016.  
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.  Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial 
statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial position of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation at September 30, 2016 and 2015, and the consolidated 
results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2016, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States), TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 
2016,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated November 18, 2016
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois
November 18, 2016

50

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of September 30, 2016 and 2015

ASSETS

$

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes . . . . .
Receivable from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from clients, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other receivables, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities owned, at fair value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investments available-for-sale, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment at cost, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquired intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016

2015

(In millions)

$

1,855

8,729

1,190

11,941

106

160

331

757
526

2,467

575

181

1,978

6,305

862

12,770

93

144

425

—
521

2,467

661

149

Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

28,818

$

26,375

Liabilities:

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2,040

$

19,055

565

9

1,817

281

2,707

16,035

637

6

1,800

287

Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23,767

21,472

Stockholders' equity:

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 100 million shares authorized; none issued .
Common stock, $0.01 par value, one billion shares authorized; 631 million 

shares issued; 2016 — 526 million shares outstanding;

    2015 — 537 million shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Treasury stock, common, at cost: 2016 — 105 million shares;
    2015 — 94 million shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total stockholders' equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

6

1,670

5,518

(2,121)
(22)

5,051

6

1,649

5,038

(1,765)
(25)

4,903

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

28,818

$

26,375

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

51

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the Years Ended September 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Revenues:

Transaction-based revenues:

Commissions and transaction fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,372

$

1,401

$

1,351

2016

2015

2014

(In millions, except per share amounts)

Asset-based revenues:

Insured deposit account fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net interest revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment product fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total asset-based revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating expenses:

Employee compensation and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clearing and execution costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Occupancy and equipment costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquired intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other expense (income):

Interest on borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain on sale of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other expense (income) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pre-tax income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Earnings per share — basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Earnings per share — diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$
$

Weighted average shares outstanding — basic. . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted . . . . . . . . . .

926
595
374
1,895

60
3,327

839
136
137
171
92
86
178
260
110
2,009

1,318

53
—
—
53

1,265
423
842

1.59
1.58

531
534

$

$
$

839
622
334
1,795

51
3,247

807
148
125
163
91
90
159
248
91
1,922

1,325

43
(7)
1
37

1,288
475
813

1.50
1.49

543
547

$

$
$

Dividends declared per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

0.68

$

0.60

$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

820
581
309
1,710

62
3,123

760
134
116
156
95
90
155
250
82
1,838

1,285

25
(10)
—
15

1,270
483
787

1.43
1.42

550
554

0.98

52

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the Years Ended September 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 842

(In millions)
$ 813

$ 787

2016

2015

2014

Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:

Cash flow hedging instruments:

Net unrealized loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reclassification adjustment for portion of realized loss amortized to net income

Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Income tax effect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

5

5

(2)

3

(15)
4

(11)

4

(7)

(29)
—

(29)

11

(18)

Comprehensive income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 845

$ 806

$ 769

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

53

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
For the Years Ended September 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Total
Common
Shares
Outstanding

Total
Stockholders'
Equity

Common
Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

(In millions)

Retained
Earnings

Treasury
Stock

Accumulated 
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

$

1,592

$

4,304

$ (1,226) $

Balance, September 30, 2013 .

550

$

4,676

$

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other comprehensive loss,

net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Payment of cash dividends . .

Repurchases of common

stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Repurchases of common
stock for income tax
withholding on stock-
based compensation . . . . .

Common stock issued for

stock-based
compensation, including
tax effects . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation

expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balance, September 30, 2014 .

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other comprehensive loss,

net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Payment of cash dividends . .

Repurchases of common

stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Repurchases of common
stock for income tax
withholding on stock-
based compensation . . . . .

Common stock issued for

stock-based
compensation, including
tax effects . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation

expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balance, September 30, 2015 .

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other comprehensive

income, net of tax. . . . . . .

Payment of cash dividends . .

Repurchases of common

stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Repurchases of common
stock for income tax
withholding on stock-
based compensation . . . . .

Common stock issued for

stock-based
compensation, including
tax effects . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation

expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

—

(6)

(1)

2

—

545

—

—

—

(11)

—

3

—

537

—

—

—

(12)

787

(18)

(540)

(190)

(17)

18

32

4,748

813

(7)

(326)

(364)

(23)

26

36

4,903

842

3

(362)

(352)

(1)

(30)

2

—

13

34

Balance, September 30, 2016 .

526

$

5,051

$

6

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

6

—

—

(18)

—

—

—

—

—

(18)

—

(7)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(190)

(17)

24

—

(1,409)

—

—

—

(364)

(23)

31

—

—

—

—

—

—

(6)

32

1,618

—

—

—

—

—

(5)

36

1,649

—

—

—

—

—

(13)

34

787

—

(540)

—

—

—

—

4,551

813

—

(326)

—

—

—

—

5,038

842

—

(362)

—

—

—

—

(1,765)

(25)

—

—

—

(352)

(30)

26

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

$

1,670

$

5,518

$ (2,121) $

(22)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

54

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended September 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

842

$

813

$

787

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

2016

2015
(In millions)

2014

Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of acquired intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income taxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain on sale of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes . . . .
Receivable from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from clients, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from/payable to affiliates, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other receivables, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities owned, at fair value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable and other liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash provided by operating activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of short-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale and maturity of short-term investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of investments available-for-sale, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of investments available-for-sale, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of debt issuance costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Principal payments on long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Principal payments on notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from exercise of stock options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock for income tax withholding on stock-based compensation
Excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in financing activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Supplemental cash flow information:

Interest paid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income taxes paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92
86
(8)
—
34
(16)
16

(2,424)
(328)
829
(11)
(16)
94
(17)
(667)
3,020
(58)
1,468

(105)
(605)
604
(757)
—
—
—
(863)

—
—
—
—
—
(362)
—
(352)
(30)
16
(728)

(123)
1,978
1,855

54
519

$

$
$

$

$
$

91
90
(23)
(7)
36
(12)
7

(1,189)
246
(1,131)
6
3
(92)
45
286
1,538
39
746

(71)
(506)
504
—
—
10
3
(60)

1,248
(11)
(569)
—
(150)
(326)
15
(364)
(23)
12
(168)

518

1,460
1,978

30
498

95
90
(27)
(10)
32
(10)
3

778
240
(2,655)
19
(10)
(10)
(39)
448
1,314
(20)
1,025

(144)
(4)
4
—
13
12
2
(117)

69
—
—
230
(80)
(540)
8
(190)
(17)
10
(510)

398

1,062
1,460

30
489

$

$
$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

55

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the Years Ended September 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014

1.  Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TD Ameritrade Holding 
Corporation  (the  "Parent"),  a  Delaware  corporation,  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  (collectively,  the 
"Company").  Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Nature  of  Operations — The  Company  provides  securities  brokerage  services,  including  trade  execution, 
clearing services and margin lending, through its broker-dealer subsidiaries; futures and foreign exchange trade 
execution services through its futures commission merchant ("FCM") and forex dealer member ("FDM") subsidiary; 
and trustee, custodial and other trust-related services to retirement plans and other custodial accounts through its 
state-chartered trust company subsidiary.  The Company also provides cash sweep and deposit account products 
through third-party relationships.

The  Company's  broker-dealer  subsidiaries  are  subject  to  regulation  by  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission ("SEC"), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") and the various exchanges in which 
they  maintain  membership.   The  Company's  FCM/FDM  subsidiary  is  subject  to  regulation  by  the  Commodity 
Futures  Trading  Commission  ("CFTC")  and  the  National  Futures Association  ("NFA").    Dividends  from  the 
Company's  broker-dealer,  FCM/FDM  and  trust  company  subsidiaries  are  a  source  of  liquidity  for  the  Parent.  
Requirements of the SEC, FINRA and CFTC relating to liquidity, net capital standards and the use of client funds 
and  securities  may  limit  funds  available  for  the  payment  of  dividends  from  the  broker-dealer  and  FCM/FDM 
subsidiaries to the holding company.  State regulatory requirements may limit funds available for the payment of 
dividends from the trust company subsidiary to the holding company.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally 
accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the 
consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  
Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Change in Accounting Policy — In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company elected to prospectively 
change the date of its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived acquired intangible asset impairment tests from September 
30 to July 1 of each year, commencing on July 1, 2016.  The change in the impairment testing date is preferable as 
it provides the Company with additional time to complete its annual impairment testing in advance of its year-end 
reporting.  The change in the testing date did not impact the Company's financial statements.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers temporary, highly-liquid investments with an original 
maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents, except for amounts required to be segregated for regulatory 
purposes.

Cash  and  Investments  Segregated  and  on  Deposit  for  Regulatory  Purposes — Cash  and  investments 
segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes consists primarily of qualified deposits in special reserve bank 
accounts for the exclusive benefit of clients under Rule 15c3-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange 
Act") and other regulations.  Funds can be held in cash, reverse repurchase agreements, U.S. Treasury securities 
and other qualified securities.  Reverse repurchase agreements (securities purchased under agreements to resell) are 
treated as collateralized financing transactions and are carried at amounts at which the securities will subsequently 
be resold, plus accrued interest.  The Company's reverse repurchase agreements are collateralized by U.S. Treasury 
securities and generally have a maturity of seven days.  Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory 
purposes also includes amounts that have been segregated or secured for the benefit of futures clients according to 
the regulations of the CFTC governing futures commission merchants.

Securities  Borrowed  and  Securities  Loaned — Securities  borrowed  and  securities  loaned  transactions  are 
recorded at the amount of cash collateral provided or received.  Securities borrowed transactions require the Company 
to provide the counterparty with collateral in the form of cash.  The Company receives collateral in the form of cash 
56

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

for securities loaned transactions.  For these transactions, the fees earned or incurred by the Company are recorded 
as net interest revenue on the Consolidated Statements of Income.  The related interest receivable from and the 
brokerage interest payable to broker-dealers are included in other receivables and in accounts payable and other 
liabilities, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Receivable from/Payable to Clients — Receivable from clients primarily consists of margin loans to securities 
brokerage clients, which are collateralized by client securities, and is carried at the amount receivable, net of an 
allowance for doubtful accounts that is primarily based on the amount of unsecured margin balances.  Payable to 
clients primarily consists of client cash held in brokerage accounts and is carried at the amount of client cash on 
deposit.  The Company earns interest revenue and pays interest expense on its receivable from client and payable 
to  client  balances,  respectively.    The  interest  revenue  and  expense  are  included  in  net  interest  revenue  on  the 
Consolidated Statements of Income.

Securities Owned — Securities owned by our broker-dealer subsidiaries are recorded on a trade-date basis 
and  carried  at  fair  value,  and  the  related  changes  in  fair  value  are  generally  included  in  other  revenues  on  the 
Consolidated Statements of Income.

Investments available-for-sale — Investments available-for-sale are carried at fair value and unrealized gains 
and losses, net of deferred income taxes, are reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income 
(loss)  on  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.    Realized  gains  and  losses  on  investments  available-for-sale  are 
determined on the specific identification method and are reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Income.   As 
of September 30, 2016, investments available-for-sale consists of U.S. government debt securities with contractual 
maturities between one and five years.  There were no material unrealized gains or losses on investments available-
for-sale as of September 30, 2016 and 2015.

Property and Equipment — Property and equipment is recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and 
amortization, except for land, which is recorded at cost.  Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method 
over the estimated useful service lives of the assets, which range from seven to 40 years for buildings and building 
components and three to seven years for all other depreciable property and equipment.  Leasehold improvements 
are amortized over the lesser of the economic useful life of the improvement or the term of the lease.

Software Development — From the date technological feasibility has been established until beta testing is 
complete, software development costs are capitalized and included in property and equipment.  Once the product 
is fully functional, such costs are amortized in accordance with the Company's normal accounting policies.  Software 
development costs that do not meet capitalization criteria are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill — The  Company  has  recorded  goodwill  for  purchase  business  combinations  to  the  extent  the 
purchase price of each completed acquisition exceeded the fair value of the net identifiable assets of the acquired 
company.  The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis and more frequently as events occur or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable.  In performing 
the impairment tests, the Company utilizes quoted market prices of the Company's common stock to estimate the 
fair value of the Company as a whole.  The estimated fair value is then allocated to the Company's reporting units 
based on operating revenues, and is compared with the carrying value of the reporting units.  No impairment charges 
have resulted from the annual impairment tests.

Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets — Acquired intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a 
straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 10 to 23 years.  The acquired intangible asset 
associated with a trademark license agreement is not subject to amortization because the term of the agreement is 
considered to be indefinite.

Long-Lived Assets and Acquired Intangible Assets — The Company reviews its long-lived assets and finite-
lived  acquired  intangible  assets  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the 
carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable.  If based on that review, changes in circumstances indicate 
that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable, the Company evaluates recoverability by comparing 
the undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset to the asset's carrying amount.  The Company also evaluates 

57

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

the remaining useful lives of intangible assets to determine if events or trends warrant a revision to the remaining 
period of amortization.

The Company tests its indefinite-lived acquired intangible asset for impairment on an annual basis and more 
frequently as events occur or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be 
recoverable.  To determine if the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, the Company first assesses certain 
qualitative factors.  Based on this assessment, if it is determined that more likely than not the fair value of the 
indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the Company performs a quantitative impairment 
test.  No impairment charges have resulted from the annual impairment tests.

Income Taxes — The Company files a consolidated U.S. income tax return with its subsidiaries on a calendar 
year basis, combined returns for state tax purposes where required and certain of its subsidiaries file separate state 
income tax returns where required.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences 
between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates 
expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax asset or liability is expected to be settled 
or realized.  Uncertain tax positions are recognized if they are more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, 
based on the technical merits of the position.  The amount of tax benefit recognized is the largest amount of benefit 
that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement.  The Company recognizes interest and penalties, 
if any, related to income tax matters as part of the provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of 
Income.

Capital Stock — The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of a single class of common stock and 
one or more series of preferred stock as may be authorized for issuance by the Company's board of directors.  Voting, 
dividend, conversion and liquidation rights of the preferred stock would be established by the board of directors 
upon issuance of such preferred stock.

Stock-Based  Compensation — The  Company  measures  and  recognizes  compensation  expense  based  on 
estimated grant date fair values for all stock-based payment arrangements.  Stock-based compensation expense is 
based on awards expected to vest and therefore is reduced for estimated forfeitures.  Forfeitures are estimated at 
the time of grant based on the Company's historical forfeiture experience and revised in subsequent periods if actual 
forfeitures differ from those estimates.

Transaction-based Revenues — Client trades are recorded on a settlement-date basis with such trades generally 
settling within one to three business days after the trade date.  Revenues and expenses related to client trades, 
including order routing revenue (also referred to as payment for order flow) and revenues from markups on riskless 
principal trades in fixed-income securities, are recorded on a trade-date basis.  Revenues related to client trades are 
recorded net of promotional allowances.  Securities owned by clients, including those that collateralize margin or 
similar transactions, are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Net Interest Revenue — Net interest revenue primarily consists of income generated by client cash and interest 
charged to clients on margin balances, net of interest paid to clients on their credit balances.  It also includes net 
interest revenue from securities borrowed and securities loaned transactions.

Insured Deposit Account Fees — Insured deposit account fees consist of revenues resulting from the Insured 
Deposit Account ("IDA") agreement with TD Bank USA, N.A. ("TD Bank USA"), TD Bank, N.A. and The Toronto-
Dominion Bank ("TD").  Under the IDA agreement, TD Bank USA and TD Bank, N.A. (together, the "TD Depository 
Institutions") make available to clients of the Company FDIC-insured money market deposit accounts as either 
designated sweep vehicles or as non-sweep deposit accounts.  The Company provides marketing, recordkeeping 
and support services for the TD Depository Institutions with respect to the money market deposit accounts.  In 
exchange for providing these services, the TD Depository Institutions pay the Company an aggregate marketing 
fee based on the weighted average yield earned on the client IDA assets, less the actual interest paid to clients, a 
servicing fee to the TD Depository Institutions and the cost of FDIC insurance premiums.  The IDA agreement is 
described further in Note 19.

58

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Investment  Product  Fees — Investment  product  fee  revenue  consists  of  revenues  earned  on  client  assets 
invested in money market mutual funds, other mutual funds and certain Company-sponsored investment programs.

During fiscal 2015, the Company introduced a fee rebate offer related to its Amerivest® investment program.  
For client assets subject to the rebate offer, if the model portfolio in which the client is invested experiences two 
consecutive quarters of negative performance (before advisory fees), the Company will refund the advisory fees 
for both quarters to the client.  Advisory fee revenue subject to the rebate offer is recognized once the Company is 
no longer obligated to refund the fees to the client based on the rebate criteria.  During fiscal 2016, the Company 
paid $8 million of rebate obligations to clients and deferred advisory fee revenue of $2 million was recognized in 
earnings.  As of September 30, 2016, the Company had no rebate obligations or deferred advisory fee revenue 
associated with the offer.  The Amerivest® fee rebate offer concluded on October 5, 2016, therefore the quarter 
ending September 30, 2017 will be the last period subject to the rebate offer.  As of September 30, 2015, the Company 
had rebate obligations of $7 million and deferred advisory fee revenue of $3 million, which are included in payable 
to clients and accounts payable and other liabilities, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Advertising — The Company expenses advertising costs the first time the advertising takes place.  Client cash 
offers are also characterized as advertising expense, rather than as a reduction of revenue, because there is generally 
little or no cumulative revenue associated with an individual client earning a cash offer at the time the consideration 
is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities — The Company occasionally utilizes derivative instruments to manage 
risks, which may include market price, interest rate and foreign currency risks.  The Company does not use derivative 
instruments for speculative or trading purposes.  Derivatives are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as 
assets or liabilities at fair value.  Derivative instruments properly designated to hedge exposure to changes in the 
fair value of assets or liabilities are accounted for as fair value hedges.  Derivative instruments properly designated 
to hedge exposure to the variability of expected future cash flows or other forecasted transactions are accounted for 
as cash flow hedges.  The Company formally documents the risk management objective and strategy for each hedge 
transaction.    Derivative  instruments  that  do  not  qualify  for  hedge  accounting  are  carried  at  fair  value  on  the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets with unrealized gains and losses recorded currently on the Consolidated Statements 
of Income.  Cash flows from derivative instruments accounted for as fair value hedges or cash flow hedges are 
classified in the same category on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as the cash flows from the items 
being hedged.  For additional information on the Company's fair value and cash flow hedging instruments, see 
Note 8. 

Earnings Per Share — Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is computed by dividing net income by the weighted 
average common shares outstanding for the period.  Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if 
securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock, except when 
such assumed exercise or conversion would have an antidilutive effect on EPS.  The difference between the numerator 
and denominator used in the Company's computation of basic and diluted earnings per share consists of common 
stock equivalent shares related to stock-based compensation.  The Company excluded from the calculation of diluted 
earnings per share 0.4 million shares underlying the stock-based compensation awards for fiscal year 2016 because 
their inclusion would have been antidilutive.  There were no material antidilutive awards for fiscal years 2015 and 
2014.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

ASU  2016-13  —  In  June  2016,  the  Financial Accounting  Standards  Board  ("FASB")  issued Accounting 
Standard Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.  The main objective 
of ASU 2016-13 is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected 
credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by an entity at each reporting 
date.  To achieve this objective, the amendments in this update replace the incurred loss impairment methodology 
in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader 
range of reasonable and supportable information to develop credit loss estimates.  ASU 2016-13 is effective for 
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption 

59

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

permitted.  Therefore, ASU 2016-13 will be effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning on October 1, 2020, 
using a modified retrospective approach.  The Company is currently assessing the impact this ASU will have on 
the Company's financial statements.  

ASU 2016-09 — In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based 
Payment Accounting.  The guidance in ASU 2016-09 simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based 
payment transactions, including: (1) all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies should be recognized as income tax 
expense or benefit in the income statement; (2) tax effects of exercised or vested awards should be treated as discrete 
items in the period in which they occur; (3) excess tax benefits should be recognized regardless of whether the 
benefit reduces taxes payable in the current period; (4) excess tax benefits should be classified along with other 
income tax cash flows as an operating activity; (5) an entity can make an accounting policy election to either estimate 
the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures when they occur; (6) the threshold to qualify 
for equity classification will permit withholding up to the maximum statutory rates in the applicable jurisdictions; 
and (7) cash paid by an employer when directly withholding shares for tax withholding purposes should be classified 
as  a  financing  activity  in  the  statement  of  cash  flows.    The  transition  requirements  are  dependent  upon  each 
amendment  within  this  update  and  will  be  applied  either  prospectively,  retrospectively  or  using  a  modified 
retrospective transition method.  ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 
and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted.  Therefore, ASU 2016-09 will be 
effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning October 1, 2017.  The impact of ASU 2016-09 could be material 
to the Company's results of operations in future periods depending upon, among other things, the level of earnings 
and market price of the Company's common stock. 

ASU 2016-02 — In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases.  This ASU will supersede the 
guidance  in Accounting  Standards  Codification  ("ASC")  Topic  840,  Leases.    Under ASU  2016-02,  for  lease 
arrangements exceeding a 12-month term, a lessee will be required to recognize in the statement of financial position 
a  liability  to  make  lease  payments  (the  lease  liability)  and  a  right-of-use  asset  representing  its  right  to  use  the 
underlying asset for the lease term.  ASU 2016-02 will retain a distinction between finance and operating leases; 
however, the principal difference from the previous guidance is that lease assets and liabilities arising from operating 
leases will be recognized in the statement of financial position.  The recognition, measurement and presentation of 
expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee will not significantly change from current GAAP.  The 
accounting applied by a lessor will be largely unchanged from that applied under current GAAP.  ASU 2016-02 is 
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, 
and will require an entity to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a 
modified retrospective approach.  Therefore, ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning 
October 1, 2019.  Early adoption is permitted.  The Company is currently assessing the impact this ASU will have 
on the Company's financial statements. 

ASU 2014-09 — In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to 
clarify the principles of recognizing revenue from contracts with customers and to improve financial reporting by 
creating common revenue recognition guidance for U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards.  
This ASU will supersede the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most 
industry-specific guidance.  Entities are required to apply the following steps when recognizing revenue under ASU 
2014-09: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) 
determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and, 
(5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.  This ASU also requires additional 
disclosures related to the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer 
contracts.  An entity may apply the amendments by using one of the following two methods: (1) retrospective 
application to each prior reporting period presented or (2) a modified retrospective approach, requiring the standard 
be applied only to the most current period presented, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard 
recognized at the date of initial application.  ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after 
December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period.  Therefore, ASU 2014-09 will be effective 
for the Company's fiscal year beginning October 1, 2018.  Early adoption is permitted for annual reporting periods 
beginning after December 15, 2016.

60

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Subsequent to issuing ASU 2014-09, the FASB issued the following standards for the purpose of clarifying 

certain aspects of ASU 2014-09:  

•  ASU 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net);

•  ASU 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing; and 

•  ASU 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients.

These subsequently issued ASU's have the same effective date and transition requirements as ASU 2014-09.  
The Company is currently assessing the impact that these revenue recognition standards will have on the Company's 
financial statements and is evaluating which adoption method to apply.

2.  Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company's cash and cash equivalents is summarized in the following table (dollars in millions):

Broker-dealer subsidiaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Futures commission merchant and forex dealer member subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trust company subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment advisory subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

September 30,

2016
$ 1,153

460

125

85

32

2015
$ 721

1,069

72

77

39

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,855

$ 1,978

Capital requirements may limit the amount of cash available for dividend from the broker-dealer, FCM/FDM 
and trust company subsidiaries to the parent company.  Most of the trust company cash and cash equivalents arises 
from client transactions in the process of settlement, and therefore is generally not available for corporate purposes.  
Cash and cash equivalents of the investment advisory subsidiaries is generally not available for corporate purposes.

3.  Cash and Investments Segregated and on Deposit for Regulatory Purposes

Cash and investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes consists of the following (dollars in 

millions):

U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reverse repurchase agreements (collateralized by U.S. government debt securities) . .
Cash in demand deposit accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash on deposit with futures commission merchants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. government debt securities on deposit with futures commission merchant . . . . . .

September 30,

2016
$ 6,523

1,288

2015
$ 3,706

1,586

657

186

75

802

136

75

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 8,729

$ 6,305  

61

 
 
 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

4.  Receivable from and Payable to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations

Amounts receivable from and payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations consist of the following 

(dollars in millions):

Receivable:

September 30,

2016

2015

Deposits paid for securities borrowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,051

$ 664

Clearing organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broker-dealers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities failed to deliver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

116
16
7

190
2
6

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,190

$ 862

Payable:

Deposits received for securities loaned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 1,990

$ 2,653

Clearing organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities failed to receive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broker-dealers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27
21
2

19
34
1

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 2,040

$ 2,707

5.  Allowance for Doubtful Accounts on Receivables

The following table summarizes activity in the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts on client and other 

receivables for the fiscal years indicated (dollars in millions):

Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for doubtful accounts, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Write-off of doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016

2015

2014

$

12

$

10

$

15

2
(5)

6
(4)

3
(8)

Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

9

$

12

$

10

62

 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

6. 

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consists of the following (dollars in millions):

Buildings and building components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Building construction in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

September 30,

2016
$ 269

2015
$ 268

240

187

159

44

12

75

233

188

161

20

—

76

986
(460)

946
(425)

Property and equipment at cost, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 526

$ 521

7.  Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

The Company has recorded goodwill for purchase business combinations to the extent the purchase price of 
each completed acquisition exceeded the fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets of each 
acquired company.  There were no material changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the fiscal years ended 
September 30, 2016 and 2015.

Acquired intangible assets consist of the following (dollars in millions):

Client relationships . . . . . . .
Technology and content . . .
Trademark license. . . . . . . .

Gross
Carrying
Amount
$ 1,228

99

146

September 30,

2016

Accumulated
Amortization
$

(799)

Net
Carrying
Amount
429
$

Gross
Carrying
Amount
$ 1,228

(99)

—

—

146

575

99

146

2015

Accumulated
Amortization
$

(722)
(90)
—

Net
Carrying
Amount
506
$

9

146

661

$ 1,473

$

(812)

$

$ 1,473

$

(898)

$

63

 
 
 
 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Amortization expense on acquired intangible assets was $86 million for fiscal year 2016 and $90 million for 
each of fiscal years 2015 and 2014.  Estimated future amortization expense for acquired intangible assets outstanding 
as of September 30, 2016 is as follows (dollars in millions):

Fiscal Year
2017. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2018. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2019. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter (to 2025) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Estimated
Amortization
Expense

76

71

68

63

53

98

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

429

8.  Long-term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following (dollars in millions):

September 30, 2016

Senior Notes:

Unamortized
Discounts and
Debt Issuance
Costs

Face
Value

Fair Value
Adjustment(1)

Net Carrying
Value

5.600% Notes due 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.950% Notes due 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.625% Notes due 2025 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

500
750
500

(2) $
(6)
(4)

Total long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,750

$

(12) $

33
—
46

79

$

$

531
744
542

1,817

September 30, 2015

Senior Notes:

Unamortized
Discounts and
Debt Issuance
Costs

Face
Value

Fair Value
Adjustment(1)

Net Carrying
Value

5.600% Notes due 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.950% Notes due 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.625% Notes due 2025 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

500
750
500

(2) $
(7)
(4)

Total long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,750

$

(13) $

40
—
23

63

$

$

538
743
519

1,800

(1) Fair value adjustments relate to changes in the fair value of the debt while in a fair value hedging relationship.  

See "Fair Value Hedging" below.

64

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Fiscal year maturities on long-term debt outstanding at September 30, 2016 are as follows (dollars in millions):

2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

—

—

—

500

—

1,250

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,750

Senior Notes — The Company's unsecured, fixed-rate Senior Notes were each sold through a public offering 
and pay interest semi-annually in arrears.  Key information about the Senior Notes is summarized in the following 
table (dollars in millions): 

Description
2019 Notes . . . . .
2022 Notes . . . . .
2025 Notes . . . . .

Date Issued
November 25, 2009

Maturity Date
December 1, 2019

March 4, 2015

October 17, 2014

April 1, 2022

April 1, 2025

Aggregate
Principal
$500

$750

$500

Interest Rate
5.600%

2.950%

3.625%

During fiscal 2015, the Company used the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Notes, together with 
cash on hand, to repay in full the outstanding principal under its $500 million aggregate principal amount of 4.150% 
Senior Notes that matured on December 1, 2014 (the "2014 Notes").  In addition, the Company issued the 2022 
Notes for general corporate purposes, including liquidity for operational contingencies.

The 2019 Notes are jointly and severally and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company's 
current and future subsidiaries that is or becomes a borrower or a guarantor under the TD Ameritrade Holding 
Corporation Credit Agreement described below.  Currently, the only subsidiary guarantor of the obligations under 
the 2019 Notes is TD Ameritrade Online Holdings Corp. ("TDAOH").  The Company's obligations in respect to the 
2022 Notes and 2025 Notes are not guaranteed by any of its subsidiaries.  

The Company may redeem the 2019 Notes, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption 
price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, and (b) the sum of the 
present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the notes being redeemed, discounted 
to the date of redemption on a semi-annual basis at the comparable U.S. Treasury rate, plus 35 basis points, plus 
accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.

The Company may redeem the 2022 Notes and 2025 Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to February 1, 
2022 and January 1, 2025, respectively, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount 
of the notes being redeemed, and (b) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal 
and  interest  on  the  notes  being  redeemed,  discounted  to  the  date  of  redemption  on  a  semi-annual  basis  at  the 
comparable U.S. Treasury rate, plus 15 basis points in the case of the 2022 Notes and 25 basis points in the case of 
the 2025 Notes, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.  The Company may redeem 
the 2022 Notes and 2025 Notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after February 1, 2022 and January 1, 2025, 
respectively, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus, in each 
case, accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.

Secured Loan — On September 15, 2014, the Company entered into a bank loan agreement in the aggregate 
principal amount of $69 million, the proceeds of which were used to purchase real estate for use in the Company's 
operations.  During fiscal 2015, the Company paid in full the outstanding principal balance of the loan. 

65

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Fair Value Hedging — The Company is exposed to changes in the fair value of its fixed-rate Senior Notes 
resulting from interest rate fluctuations.  To hedge a portion of this exposure, the Company has entered into fixed-
for-variable interest rate swaps on the 2019 Notes and the 2025 Notes.  Each fixed-for-variable interest rate swap 
has a notional amount of $500 million and a maturity date matching the maturity date of the respective Senior Notes. 

The interest rate swaps effectively change the fixed-rate interest on the 2019 Notes and 2025 Notes to variable-
rate interest.  Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreements, the Company receives semi-annual fixed-rate 
interest payments based on the same rates applicable to the Senior Notes, and makes quarterly variable-rate interest 
payments based on three-month LIBOR plus (a) 2.3745% for the swap on the 2019 Notes and (b) 1.1022% for the 
swap on the 2025 Notes.  As of September 30, 2016, the weighted average effective interest rate on the aggregate 
principal balance of the 2019 Notes and 2025 Notes was 2.48%.

The interest rate swaps are accounted for as fair value hedges and qualify for the shortcut method of accounting.  
Changes in the payment of interest resulting from the interest rate swaps are recorded in interest on borrowings on 
the Consolidated Statements of Income.  Changes in fair value of the interest rate swaps are completely offset by 
changes in fair value of the related notes, resulting in no effect on net income.  The following table summarizes 
gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges and 
the hedged fixed-rate debt for the fiscal years indicated (dollars in millions):

Gain (loss) on fair value of interest rate swaps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain (loss) on fair value of hedged fixed-rate debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

16
(16)

$

31
(31)

$

(20)
20

Net gain (loss) recorded in interest on borrowings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ — $ — $ —

2016

2015

2014

Cash Flow Hedging – On January 17, 2014, the Company entered into forward-starting interest rate swap 
contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $500 million, to hedge against changes in the benchmark interest 
rate  component  of  future  interest  payments  resulting  from  the  anticipated  refinancing  of  the  2014  Notes.   The 
Company designated the contracts as a cash flow hedge of the future interest payments.  

Under cash flow hedge accounting, until settlement the swap contracts are carried at fair value and, to the 
extent they are an effective hedge, any unrealized gains or losses are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). 
Any ineffective portion of the unrealized gains or losses is immediately recorded into earnings.  Upon settlement, 
any realized gain or loss that has been recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) is amortized into earnings 
over the term of the newly-issued fixed-rate debt.

On October 17, 2014, the Company sold $500 million of 2025 Notes as described under "Senior Notes" above, 
and paid approximately $45 million to settle the forward-starting interest rate swap contracts.  As of October 17, 
2014, the Company recorded $0.5 million of pre-tax loss immediately into earnings to reflect ineffectiveness resulting 
from the issuance of the 2025 Notes slightly earlier than forecast.  As of September 30, 2016, the Company expects 
to amortize $4.4 million of pre-tax losses, that were reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss, into interest 
on borrowings on the Consolidated Statements of Income within the next 12 months. 

The following table summarizes pre-tax losses resulting from changes in the fair value of the forward-starting 

interest rate swaps for the fiscal years indicated (dollars in millions):

Forward-starting interest rate swaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

— $

(15)

$

(29)

Amount of Loss Recognized in
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Effective Portion)

2016

2015

2014

66

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Balance Sheet Impact of Hedging Instruments — The following table summarizes the fair value of outstanding 

derivatives designated as hedging instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (dollars in millions):

Interest rate contracts:

Pay-variable interest rate swaps designated

as fair value hedges

Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

79

$

63

Balance Sheet Location

2016

2015

September 30,

The interest rate swaps are subject to counterparty credit risk.  Credit risk is managed by limiting activity to 
approved counterparties that meet a minimum credit rating threshold, by entering into credit support agreements, 
or by utilizing approved central clearing counterparties registered with the CFTC.  The interest rate swaps require 
daily collateral coverage, in the form of cash or U.S. Treasury securities, for the aggregate fair value of the interest 
rate swaps (including accrued interest).  As of September 30, 2016 and 2015, the pay-variable interest rate swap 
counterparties had pledged $93 million and $77 million of collateral, respectively, to the Company in the form of 
cash.  A liability for collateral pledged to the Company in the form of cash is recorded in accounts payable and other 
liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation Credit Agreement — On June 11, 2014, the Parent entered into a credit 
agreement consisting of a senior unsecured revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $300 
million (the "Parent Revolving Facility").  The maturity date of the Parent Revolving Facility is June 11, 2019.  

The applicable interest rate under the Parent Revolving Facility is calculated as a per annum rate equal to, at 
the option of the Parent, (a) LIBOR plus an interest rate margin ("Parent LIBOR loans") or (b) (i) the highest of (x) 
the prime rate, (y) the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50% or (z) one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%, plus (ii) an 
interest rate margin ("Base Rate loans").  The interest rate margin ranges from 0.875% to 1.75% for Parent LIBOR 
loans and from 0% to 0.75% for Base Rate loans, determined by reference to the Company's public debt ratings.  
The Parent is obligated to pay a commitment fee ranging from 0.10% to 0.25% on any unused amount of the Parent 
Revolving Facility, determined by reference to the Company's public debt ratings.  

As of September 30, 2016, the interest rate margin would have been 1.25% for Parent LIBOR loans and 0.25%
for Base Rate loans, and the commitment fee was 0.15%, each determined by reference to the Company's public 
debt ratings.  There were no borrowings outstanding under the Parent Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2016 
and 2015.

The  obligations  under  the  Parent  Revolving  Facility  are  guaranteed  by  TDAOH  and  each  "significant 
subsidiary" (as defined in SEC Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X) of the Parent, other than broker-dealer subsidiaries, 
FCM/FDM  subsidiaries  and  controlled  foreign  corporations.    Currently,  the  only  subsidiary  guarantor  of  the 
obligations under the Parent Revolving Facility is TDAOH.

The Parent Revolving Facility contains negative covenants that limit or restrict, subject to certain exceptions, 
the incurrence of liens, indebtedness of subsidiaries, mergers, consolidations, transactions with affiliates, change 
in nature of business and the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. The Parent is also required 
to maintain compliance with a maximum consolidated leverage ratio covenant and a minimum consolidated interest 
coverage ratio covenant, and the Company's broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries are required to maintain 
compliance with a minimum regulatory net capital covenant.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants 
under the Parent Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2016.

TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. Credit Agreement — On June 11, 2014, TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. ("TDAC"), 
the Company's clearing broker-dealer subsidiary, entered into a credit agreement consisting of a senior unsecured 
revolving credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $300 million (the "TDAC Revolving Facility").  The 
maturity date of the TDAC Revolving Facility is June 11, 2019. 

67

 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The applicable interest rate under the TDAC Revolving Facility is calculated as a per annum rate equal to, at 
the option of TDAC, (a) LIBOR plus an interest rate margin ("TDAC LIBOR loans") or (b) the federal funds effective 
rate plus an interest rate margin ("Fed Funds Rate loans").  The interest rate margin ranges from 0.75% to 1.50%
for both TDAC LIBOR loans and Fed Funds Rate loans, determined by reference to the Company's public debt 
ratings.  TDAC is obligated to pay a commitment fee ranging from 0.08% to 0.20% on any unused amount of the 
TDAC Revolving Facility, determined by reference to the Company's public debt ratings.  As of September 30, 
2016, the interest rate margin would have been 1.00% for both TDAC LIBOR loans and Fed Funds Rate loans, and 
the commitment fee was 0.125%, each determined by reference to the Company's public debt ratings.  There were 
no borrowings outstanding under the TDAC Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2016 and 2015.

The TDAC Revolving Facility contains negative covenants that limit or restrict, subject to certain exceptions, 
the incurrence of liens, indebtedness of TDAC, mergers, consolidations, change in nature of business and the sale 
of all or substantially all of the assets of TDAC.  TDAC is also required to maintain minimum tangible net worth 
and is required to maintain compliance with minimum regulatory net capital requirements.  TDAC was in compliance 
with all covenants under the TDAC Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2016.

Intercompany Credit Agreements — The Parent has entered into credit agreements with each of its primary 

broker-dealer and FCM/FDM subsidiaries as described below.

The intercompany credit agreement with TDAC was established on March 31, 2015 and will terminate on 
March 1, 2022.  Under this agreement, TDAC may borrow up to $700 million in cash or securities from the Parent 
under a committed facility.  In addition, the Parent is permitted, but under no obligation, to make loans of up to 
$300 million in cash or securities to TDAC under an uncommitted facility.  Loans under both the committed and 
uncommitted facilities bear interest at the same rate as borrowings under the TDAC Revolving Facility and must 
be repaid with interest on or before the termination date. 

The  intercompany  credit  agreement  with  TD Ameritrade,  Inc.,  the  Company's  introducing  broker-dealer 
subsidiary,  was  established  on  March 31,  2015  and  will  terminate  on  March 1,  2022.    Under  this  agreement, 
TD Ameritrade, Inc. may borrow up to $50 million in cash or securities from the Parent under a committed facility.  
In addition, the Parent is permitted, but under no obligation, to make loans of up to $300 million in cash or securities 
to TD Ameritrade, Inc. under an uncommitted facility.  Loans under both the committed and uncommitted facilities 
bear interest at the same rate as borrowings under the TDAC Revolving Facility and must be repaid with interest 
on or before the termination date. 

The intercompany credit agreement with TD Ameritrade Futures & Forex LLC ("TDAFF"), the Company's 
FCM and FDM subsidiary, was established on March 29, 2015.  Effective August 11, 2016, the agreement was 
amended and restated because TDAFF became a forex dealer member.  The amended and restated agreement has 
an initial term of five years and will automatically renew for an additional five-year term, unless either party provides 
notice to the other of its intent to terminate not less than 30 days before the end of the then current term.  Under the 
amended and restated agreement, TDAFF may borrow from the Parent, under a committed facility, up to 75% of 
the sum of 1) TDAFF's "residual interest target" as determined by TDAFF in accordance with applicable rules and 
regulations  and  2) TDAFF's  total  retail  forex  obligation  excess  represented  solely  by TDAFF's  deposit.   As  of 
September 30, 2016 and 2015, the loan commitment amount was $22.5 million and $13.5 million, respectively.  
Loans under the amended and restated facility bear interest at the same rate as borrowings under the TDAC Revolving 
Facility and must be repaid with interest on or before the termination date.

There were no borrowings outstanding under any of the intercompany credit agreements as of September 30, 

2016 and 2015.

68

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

9. 

Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes is comprised of the following for the fiscal years indicated (dollars in millions):

Current expense (benefit):

Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Deferred expense (benefit):

Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016

2015

2014

$

435
(4)

431

(5)
(3)

(8)

$

470

28

498

(22)
(1)

(23)

457

53

510

(28)
1

(27)

Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

423

$

475

$

483

A reconciliation of the federal statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate applicable to pre-tax income follows 

for the fiscal years indicated:

Federal statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State taxes, net of federal tax effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments to estimated state income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal incentives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest recorded (reversed) on unrecognized tax benefits, net . .
Reversal of accruals for unrecognized tax benefits . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016
35.0%

2015
35.0%

2014
35.0%

2.8
(0.2)
(1.4)
(1.1)
(1.8)
0.1

3.0

0.1

—
(0.1)
(1.1)
—

3.1

0.2

—

0.2
(0.5)
—

33.4%

36.9%

38.0%

The Company's effective income tax rate for fiscal year 2016 was 33.4%, compared to 36.9% and 38.0% for 
fiscal years 2015 and 2014, respectively.  The provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2016 was impacted by $39 
million of net favorable adjustments to uncertain tax positions and related deferred income tax assets, which included 
a favorable $33 million tax liability remeasurement related to a recent state court decision.  The provision was also 
impacted by an $18 million favorable tax benefit claimed during fiscal year 2016 for federal deductions and tax 
credits related to calendar tax year 2012 through September 30, 2016 and $5 million of net favorable deferred income 
tax adjustments due to the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and the cumulative impact of the 
decline in the state tax rate.  These items had a net favorable impact on the Company's earnings for fiscal year 2016 
of approximately twelve cents per share.  The provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2015 included $22 million
of favorable resolutions of state income tax matters.  This favorably impacted the Company's earnings for fiscal 
year 2015 by approximately four cents per share.  The provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2014 included $10 
million of favorable resolutions of state income tax matters, partially offset by $2 million of unfavorable deferred 
income tax adjustments resulting from state income tax law changes.  These items had a net favorable impact on 
the Company's earnings for fiscal year 2014 of approximately one cent per share. 

69

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) are comprised of the following (dollars in millions):

Deferred tax assets:

Accrued and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrecognized loss on cash flow hedging instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangible assets, state tax benefit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating loss carryforwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Gross deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Valuation allowance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deferred tax liabilities:

Acquired intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

September 30,

2016

2015

62

36

13

7

5

3

—

126
(2)

124

(364)
(36)
(5)

(405)

$

76

37

15

7

5

7

1

148
(4)

144

(387)
(39)
(5)

(431)

Net deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ (281)

$ (287)

As of September 30, 2016, the Company has recorded a tax benefit for approximately $1 million of federal 
net operating loss carryover that was acquired as part of the thinkorswim Group Inc. acquisition in fiscal 2009.  The 
net operating loss expires in 2019, and is subject to substantial annual limitations on the utilization of the net operating 
loss.  The amount of tax benefit recorded in the financial statements represents the amount that is more likely than 
not  to  be  realized  within  the  carryforward  period.   At  September 30,  2016,  subsidiaries  of  the  Company  have 
approximately $42 million of separate state operating loss carryforwards.  These carryforwards expire between 
fiscal 2017 and 2031.  Because the realization of the tax benefit from state loss carryforwards is dependent on certain 
subsidiaries generating sufficient state taxable income in future periods, as well as annual limitations on future 
utilization, the Company has provided a valuation allowance against the computed benefit in order to reflect the tax 
benefit expected to be realized.  The $2 million decrease in the valuation allowance from September 30, 2015 to 
September 30, 2016 was primarily due to expiration of certain state net operating loss carryforwards during fiscal 
2016.

70

 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A reconciliation of the activity related to unrecognized tax benefits follows for the fiscal years indicated 

(dollars in millions):

Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year . . . . . .
Additions for tax positions of prior years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reductions for tax positions of prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reductions due to settlements with taxing authorities . . . . . . . . . . .
Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016

2015

2014

$ 154

$ 165

$ 137

30

20
(33)
(21)
(8)

16

5
(4)
(21)
(7)

29

10
(1)
—
(10)

Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 142

$ 154

$ 165

The balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2016 was $142 million ($100 million net of 
the federal benefit on state matters), all of which, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax 
rate in any future periods.  The balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2015 was $154 million
($100 million net of the federal benefit on state matters), all of which, if recognized, would favorably affect the 
effective  income  tax  rate  in  any  future  periods.   The  Company's  income  tax  returns  are  subject  to  review  and 
examination by federal, state and local taxing authorities.  The federal returns for 2012 through 2015 remain open 
under the statute of limitations.  The years open to examination by state and local government authorities vary by 
jurisdiction, but the statute of limitations is generally three to four years from the date the tax return is filed.  It is 
reasonably possible that the gross unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2016 could decrease by up to $29 
million ($19 million net of the federal benefit on state matters) within the next twelve months as a result of settlements 
of certain examinations or expiration of the statute of limitations with respect to other tax filings.

The Company recognized $17 million and $2 million of net benefits for interest and penalties (net of the 
federal income tax effect) on the Consolidated Statement of Income for fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively, 
primarily due to favorable resolutions and remeasurement of uncertain tax positions.  The Company recognized 
interest and penalties expense (net of the federal benefit) of $3 million for fiscal year 2014.  As of September 30, 
2016 and 2015, accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits was $23 million and $49 million, 
respectively.

10.  Capital Requirements 

The Company's broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the SEC Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1 
under the Exchange Act), administered by the SEC and FINRA, which requires the maintenance of minimum net 
capital, as defined.  Net capital and the related net capital requirement may fluctuate on a daily basis.  TDAC, the 
Company's clearing broker-dealer subsidiary, and TD Ameritrade, Inc., the Company's introducing broker-dealer 
subsidiary, compute net capital under the alternative method as permitted by Rule 15c3-1.  TDAC is required to 
maintain minimum net capital of the greater of $1.5 million, which is based on the type of business conducted by 
the broker-dealer, or 2% of aggregate debit balances arising from client transactions.  TD Ameritrade, Inc. is required 
to maintain minimum net capital of the greater of $250,000 or 2% of aggregate debit balances. In addition, under 
the alternative method, a broker-dealer may not repay any subordinated borrowings, pay cash dividends or make 
any unsecured advances or loans to its parent company or employees if such payment would result in a net capital 
amount of less than (a) 5% of aggregate debit balances or (b) 120% of its minimum dollar requirement.

TDAFF, the Company's FCM and FDM subsidiary registered with the CFTC, is subject to CFTC Regulations 
1.17 and 5.7 under the Commodity Exchange Act, administered by the CFTC and the NFA.  As an FCM, TDAFF 
is required to maintain minimum adjusted net capital under CFTC Regulation 1.17 of the greater of (a) $1.0 million 
or (b) its futures risk-based capital requirement, equal to 8% of the total risk margin requirement for all futures 

71

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

positions carried by the FCM in client and nonclient accounts.  On February 16, 2016, TDAFF also became an 
FDM,  subject  to  the  net  capital  requirements  under  CFTC  Regulation  5.7,  which  requires TDAFF  to  maintain 
minimum adjusted net capital of the greater of (a) any amount required under CFTC Regulation 1.17 as described 
above or (b) $20.0 million plus 5% of all foreign exchange liabilities owed to forex clients in excess of $10.0 million.  
In addition, an FCM and FDM must provide notice to the CFTC if its adjusted net capital amounts to less than (a) 
110% of its risk-based capital requirement under CFTC Regulation 1.17, (b) 150% of its $1.0 million minimum 
dollar requirement, or (c) 110% of $20.0 million plus 5% of all foreign exchange liabilities owed to forex clients 
in excess of $10.0 million.  

Net capital and net capital requirements for the Company's broker-dealer subsidiaries are summarized in the 

following tables (dollars in millions):

TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.

Date
September 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
September 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

Net
Capital

1,719

1,581

Required
Net Capital
(2% of
Aggregate
Debit Balances)
288
$

$

310

Net Capital
in Excess of
Required
Net Capital

Ratio of Net
Capital to
Aggregate
Debit Balances

$

$

1,431

1,271

11.95%

10.22%

TD Ameritrade, Inc.

Date
September 30, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
September 30, 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

Net
Capital

Required
Net Capital 
(Minimum Dollar 
Requirement)

Net Capital
in Excess of 
Required Net 
Capital

139

228

$

$

0.25

0.25

$

$

138

228

Adjusted net capital and adjusted net capital requirements for the Company's FCM and FDM subsidiary are 

summarized in the following table (dollars in millions):

TD Ameritrade Futures & Forex LLC

Date
September 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
September 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$

Required Adjusted 
Net Capital 
(8% of Total Risk 
Margin or $20 
Million Plus 5% of 
All Foreign 
Exchange Liabilities 
Owed to Forex 
Clients in Excess of
$10 Million)

Adjusted Net 
Capital
in Excess of
Required
Adjusted Net 
Capital

Adjusted Net
Capital

117
90

$
$

22
12

$
$

95
78

The  Company's  non-depository  trust  company  subsidiary,  TD Ameritrade Trust  Company  ("TDATC"),  is 
subject to capital requirements established by the State of Maine, which require TDATC to maintain minimum 
Tier 1 capital, as defined.  TDATC's Tier 1 capital was $37 million and $32 million as of September 30, 2016 and 
2015, respectively, which exceeded the required Tier 1 capital by $21 million and $17 million, respectively.

72

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

11.  Stock-based Compensation

The Company has two stock incentive plans under which Company stock-based awards may be granted: the 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "LTIP") and the 2006 Directors Incentive Plan 
(the  "Directors  Plan").    The  Company  also  assumed  stock  incentive  plans  in  connection  with  past  business 
combinations.  New stock awards can no longer be granted under the assumed plans.  The LTIP authorizes the award 
of options to purchase common stock, common stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, 
performance shares and performance units.  Under the LTIP, 42,104,174 shares of the Company's common stock 
are  reserved  for  issuance  to  eligible  employees,  consultants  and  non-employee  directors.    The  Directors  Plan 
authorizes the award of options to purchase common stock, common stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units 
and restricted stock.  Under the Directors Plan, 1,830,793 shares of the Company's common stock are reserved for 
issuance to non-employee directors.

Stock options, except for replacement options granted in connection with business combinations, are granted 
by the Company with an exercise price not less than the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the 
grant date.  Stock options generally vest over a one- to four-year period and expire 10 years after the grant date.  
Restricted stock units ("RSUs") are awards that entitle the holder to receive shares of Company common stock 
following a vesting period.  RSUs granted to employees generally vest after the completion of a three-year period.  
RSUs granted to non-employee directors generally vest over a one-year period.

Stock-based compensation expense was $34 million, $36 million and $32 million for fiscal years 2016, 2015
and 2014, respectively.  The related income tax benefits were $13 million, $14 million and $12 million for fiscal 
years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The following is a summary of option activity in the Company's stock incentive plans for the fiscal year ended 

September 30, 2016:

Outstanding at beginning of year . . .
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at end of year. . . . . . . . .
Exercisable at end of year . . . . . . . . .

Number of
Options
(in thousands)
1,286

503

(5)

1,784

1,281

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)

$

$

$

$

$

18.71

27.97

15.43

21.33

18.72

3.3

1.0

$

$

25

21

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during fiscal year 2016 was $6.16.  No options 
were granted during fiscal years 2015 and 2014.  The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal years 
2016, 2015 and 2014 was $0.1 million, $11 million and $6 million, respectively.  As of September 30, 2016, the 
total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options awards was $3 million and was expected 
to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.3 years.

The fair value of stock options granted was estimated using a Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model with 

the following assumptions:

Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected option life (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2016

1.73%

2.4%

27%

6.5

73

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The risk-free interest rate assumption was based on U.S. Treasury note yields with remaining terms comparable 
to the expected option life assumption used in the valuation model.  The expected dividend yield was based on the 
annual dividend yield at the time of grant.  The expected volatility was based on historical daily price changes of 
the Company's stock since July 2009.  The expected option life was the average number of years that the Company 
estimated the options will be outstanding, based primarily on historical employee option exercise behavior.

The Company measures the fair value of RSUs based upon the volume-weighted average market price of the 
underlying common stock as of the date of grant.  RSUs are amortized over their applicable vesting period using 
the straight-line method, reduced by expected forfeitures.

The following is a summary of RSU activity in the Company's stock incentive plans for the fiscal year ended 

September 30, 2016:

Nonvested at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonvested at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of
Units
(in thousands)
4,212

1,507
(2,043)
(170)
3,506

Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

$

$

$

$

$

23.81

31.38

15.50

32.35

31.49

As of September 30, 2016, there was $36 million of estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to 
nonvested RSUs, which was expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years.  The total fair 
value of RSUs that vested during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $71 million, $59 million and $48 million, 
respectively.

Although  the  Company  does  not  have  a  formal  policy  regarding  issuance  of  shares  for  stock-based 
compensation, such shares are generally issued from treasury stock.  The stockholders agreement entered into in 
connection with the acquisition of TD Waterhouse Group, Inc. requires the Company to repurchase its common 
stock from time to time to offset dilution resulting from stock option exercises and other stock awards subsequent 
to  the  acquisition.   As  of  September 30,  2016,  the  Company  was  not  obligated  to  repurchase  additional  shares 
pursuant to the stockholders agreement.  The Company cannot estimate the amount and timing of repurchases that 
may be required as a result of future stock issuances.

12.  Employee Benefit Plans

The  Company  has  a  401(k)  and  profit-sharing  plan  under  which  annual  profit-sharing  contributions  are 
determined at the discretion of the board of directors.  The Company also makes matching contributions pursuant 
to the plan document.  Profit-sharing and matching contributions expense was $35 million, $34 million and $30 
million for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 

74

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

13.  Commitments and Contingencies 

Lease  Commitments — The  Company  has  various  non-cancelable  operating  leases  on  facilities  requiring 

annual payments as follows (dollars in millions):

Fiscal Year
2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter (to 2033) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

Minimum
Lease
Payments

Sublease
Income

58

56

53

44

27

104
342

$

$

Net Lease
Commitments
56
$

55

52

44

27

104
338

$

(2)
(1)
(1)
—

—

—
(4)

A majority of the leases for the Company's branch offices contain provisions for renewal at the Company's 
option.  Rental expense, net of sublease income, was approximately $51 million for fiscal year 2016 and $49 million
for each of fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Order Routing Matters — Five putative class action complaints were filed between August and October 2014 
regarding TD Ameritrade's routing of client orders.  The cases were filed in, or transferred to, the U.S. District Court 
for the District of Nebraska: Jay Zola et al. v. TD Ameritrade, Inc., et al.; Tyler Verdieck v. TD Ameritrade, Inc.; 
Bruce Lerner v. TD Ameritrade, Inc.; Michael Sarbacker v. TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, et al.; Gerald 
Klein v. TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, et al.  The complaints in Zola, Klein and Sarbacker allege that the 
defendants failed to provide clients with "best execution" and routed orders to the market venue that paid the most 
for its order flow.  The complaints in Verdieck and Lerner allege that the defendant routed its clients' non-marketable 
limit orders to the venue paying the highest rates of maker rebates, and that clients did not receive best execution 
on these kinds of orders.  The complaints variously include claims of breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty, 
breach of the duty of best execution, fraud, negligent misrepresentation, violations of Section 10(b) and 20 of the 
Exchange Act  and  SEC  Rule  10b-5,  violation  of  Nebraska's  Consumer  Protection Act,  violation  of  Nebraska's 
Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act, aiding and abetting, unjust enrichment and declaratory judgment.  The 
complaints seek various kinds of relief including damages, restitution, disgorgement, injunctive relief, equitable 
relief and other relief.  The Company moved to dismiss each of the five putative class action complaints.  The 
Magistrate Judge subsequently entered Findings and Recommendations with respect to each of the five actions, 
recommending that the District Judge dismiss each of the five lawsuits.  On March 23, 2016, the District Judge 
entered an order dismissing all of the state law claims in the five actions, denying the motion to dismiss the federal 
securities claims in the Klein case, and permitting the plaintiffs in the other four actions to amend their complaints 
to assert a federal securities claim.  None of the plaintiffs in the other four actions filed an amended complaint.  The 
plaintiffs in the Zola, Sarbacker and Verdieck cases filed notices of appeal.  The plaintiff in the Lerner case did not 
file a notice of appeal and that case is considered closed.  The Klein case is proceeding in the District Court.  The 
Company intends to vigorously defend against these lawsuits.  The Company is unable to predict the outcome or 
the timing of the ultimate resolution of these lawsuits, or the potential losses, if any, that may result.

Certain regulatory authorities are conducting examinations and investigations regarding the routing of client 
orders.  TD Ameritrade, Inc. and TDAC have received requests for documents and information from the regulatory 
authorities.  TD Ameritrade, Inc. and TDAC are cooperating with the requests.

Other Legal and Regulatory Matters — The Company is subject to a number of other lawsuits, arbitrations, 
claims and other legal proceedings in connection with its business.  Some of these legal actions include claims for 
substantial or unspecified compensatory and/or punitive damages.  In addition, in the normal course of business, 

75

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

the Company discusses matters with its regulators raised during regulatory examinations or otherwise subject to 
their  inquiry.    These  matters  could  result  in  censures,  fines,  penalties  or  other  sanctions.    ASC  450,  Loss 
Contingencies, governs the recognition and disclosure of loss contingencies, including potential losses from legal 
and  regulatory  matters.   ASC  450  categorizes  loss  contingencies  using  three  terms  based  on  the  likelihood  of 
occurrence of events that result in a loss: "probable" means that "the future event or events are likely to occur;" 
"remote" means that "the chance of the future event or events occurring is slight;" and "reasonably possible" means 
that "the chance of the future event or events occurring is more than remote but less than likely."  Under ASC 450, 
the Company accrues for losses that are considered both probable and reasonably estimable.  The Company may 
incur losses in addition to the amounts accrued where the losses are greater than estimated by management, or for 
matters for which an unfavorable outcome is considered reasonably possible, but not probable.

The Company estimates that the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses in excess of amounts accrued 
is from $0 to $60 million as of September 30, 2016.  This estimated aggregate range of reasonably possible losses 
is  based  upon  currently  available  information  for  those  legal  and  regulatory  matters  in  which  the  Company  is 
involved, taking into account the Company's best estimate of reasonably possible losses for those matters as to 
which an estimate can be made.  For certain matters, the Company does not believe an estimate can currently be 
made, as some matters are in preliminary stages and some matters have no specific amounts claimed.  The Company's 
estimate involves significant judgment, given the varying stages of the proceedings and the inherent uncertainty of 
predicting  outcomes.   The  estimated  range  will  change  from  time  to  time  as  the  underlying  matters,  stages  of 
proceedings and available information change.  Actual losses may vary significantly from the current estimated 
range.

The Company believes, based on its current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the ultimate 
disposition of these legal and regulatory matters, individually or in the aggregate, is not likely to have a material 
adverse effect on the financial condition or cash flows of the Company.  However, in light of the uncertainties 
involved in such matters, the Company is unable to predict the outcome or the timing of the ultimate resolution of 
these matters, or the potential losses, fines, penalties or equitable relief, if any, that may result, and it is possible 
that the ultimate resolution of one or more of these matters may be material to the Company's results of operations 
for a particular reporting period.

Income Taxes — The Company's federal and state income tax returns are subject to examination by taxing 
authorities.  Because the application of tax laws and regulations to many types of transactions is subject to varying 
interpretations, amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements could be significantly changed at a later 
date upon final determinations by taxing authorities. 

General Contingencies — In the ordinary course of business, there are various contingencies that are not 
reflected  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.   These  include  the  Company's  broker-dealer  and  FCM/FDM 
subsidiaries' client activities involving the execution, settlement and financing of various client securities, options, 
futures and foreign exchange transactions.  These activities may expose the Company to credit risk in the event the 
clients are unable to fulfill their contractual obligations.

The Company extends margin credit and leverage to its clients.  In margin transactions, the Company extends 
credit  to  the  client,  subject  to  various  regulatory  and  internal  margin  requirements,  collateralized  by  cash  and 
securities in the client's account.  In connection with these activities, the Company also routes client orders for 
execution and clears client transactions involving the sale of securities not yet purchased ("short sales").  Such 
margin-related transactions may expose the Company to credit risk in the event a client's assets are not sufficient 
to fully cover losses that the client may incur.  Leverage involves securing a large potential future obligation with 
a lesser amount of collateral.  The risks associated with margin credit and leverage increase during periods of rapid 
market movements, or in cases where leverage or collateral is concentrated and market movements occur.  In the 
event the client fails to satisfy its obligations, the Company has the authority to liquidate certain positions in the 
client's account at prevailing market prices in order to fulfill the client's obligations.  However, during periods of 
rapid market movements, clients who utilize margin credit or leverage and who have collateralized their obligations 
with securities may find that the securities have a rapidly depreciating value and may not be sufficient to cover their 

76

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

obligations in the event of liquidation.  The Company seeks to mitigate the risks associated with its client margin 
and leverage activities by requiring clients to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulatory and 
internal guidelines.  The Company monitors required margin levels throughout each trading day and, pursuant to 
such guidelines, requires clients to deposit additional collateral, or to reduce positions, when necessary.

The Company contracts with unaffiliated FCM, FDM and broker-dealer entities to clear and execute futures 
and foreign exchange transactions for its clients.  This can result in concentrations of credit risk with one or more 
of these counterparties.  This risk is partially mitigated by the counterparties' obligation to comply with rules and 
regulations  governing  FCMs,  FDMs  and  broker-dealers  in  the  United  States.    These  rules  generally  require 
maintenance of net capital and segregation of client funds and securities.  In addition, the Company manages this 
risk  by  requiring  credit  approvals  for  counterparties  and  by  utilizing  account  funding  and  sweep  arrangement 
agreements that generally specify that all client cash in excess of futures funding requirements be transferred back 
to the clients' securities brokerage account at the Company on a daily basis.

The  Company  loans  securities  temporarily  to  other  broker-dealers  in  connection  with  its  broker-dealer 
business.  The Company receives cash as collateral for the securities loaned.  Increases in securities prices may 
cause the market value of the securities loaned to exceed the amount of cash received as collateral.  In the event the 
counterparty to these transactions does not return the loaned securities, the Company may be exposed to the risk of 
acquiring the securities at prevailing market prices in order to satisfy its client obligations.  The Company mitigates 
this risk by requiring credit approvals for counterparties, by monitoring the market value of securities loaned on a 
daily basis and requiring additional cash as collateral when necessary, and by participating in a risk-sharing program 
offered through the Options Clearing Corporation ("OCC").

The Company borrows securities temporarily from other broker-dealers in connection with its broker-dealer 
business.  The Company deposits cash as collateral for the securities borrowed.  Decreases in securities prices may 
cause the market value of the securities borrowed to fall below the amount of cash deposited as collateral.  In the 
event the counterparty to these transactions does not return the cash deposited, the Company may be exposed to the 
risk of selling the securities at prevailing market prices.  The Company mitigates this risk by requiring credit approvals 
for counterparties, by monitoring the collateral values on a daily basis and requiring collateral to be returned by the 
counterparties when necessary, and by participating in a risk-sharing program offered through the OCC.

The Company transacts in reverse repurchase agreements (securities purchased under agreements to resell) 
in connection with its broker-dealer business.  The Company's policy is to take possession or control of securities 
with a market value in excess of the principal amount loaned, plus accrued interest, in order to collateralize resale 
agreements.  The Company monitors the market value of the underlying securities that collateralize the related 
receivable on resale agreements on a daily basis and may require additional collateral when deemed appropriate.

The Company has accepted collateral in connection with client margin loans and securities borrowed.  Under 
applicable agreements, the Company is generally permitted to repledge securities held as collateral and use them 
to enter into securities lending arrangements.  The following table summarizes the fair values of client margin 
securities and stock borrowings that were available to the Company to utilize as collateral on various borrowings 
or for other purposes, and the amount of that collateral loaned or repledged by the Company (dollars in billions):

Client margin securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total collateral available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

September 30,

2016
$ 16.5

2015
$ 17.7

1.1

0.7

$ 17.6

$ 18.4

Collateral loaned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Collateral repledged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total collateral loaned or repledged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

2.0

2.7

4.7

$

$

2.7

3.8

6.5

77

 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company is subject to cash deposit and collateral requirements with clearinghouses based on its clients' 
trading activity.  The following table summarizes cash deposited with and securities pledged to clearinghouses by 
the Company (dollars in millions):

Assets

Balance Sheet Classification

Cash

Receivable from brokers, dealers and
clearing organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. government debt securities Securities owned, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . .
   Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

September 30,

2016

2015

$ 116

$ 190

220

350

$ 336

$ 540

Guarantees — The  Company  is  a  member  of  and  provides  guarantees  to  securities  clearinghouses  and 
exchanges in connection with client trading activities.  Under related agreements, the Company is generally required 
to guarantee the performance of other members.  Under these agreements, if a member becomes unable to satisfy 
its obligations to the clearinghouse, other members would be required to meet shortfalls.  The Company's liability 
under these arrangements is not quantifiable and could exceed the cash and securities it has posted to the clearinghouse 
as collateral.  However, the potential for the Company to be required to make payments under these agreements is 
considered remote.  Accordingly, no contingent liability is carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for these 
guarantees.

The Company clears its clients' futures transactions on an omnibus account basis through unaffiliated clearing 
firms.  The Company also contracts with an external provider to facilitate foreign exchange trading for its clients.  
The Company has agreed to indemnify these unaffiliated clearing firms and the external provider for any loss that 
they may incur for the client transactions introduced to them by the Company.

See  "Insured  Deposit  Account  Agreement"  in  Note  19  for  a  description  of  a  guarantee  included  in  that 

agreement.

14.  Fair Value Disclosures

Fair Value Measurement — Definition and Hierarchy

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement, defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset 
or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement 
date.

ASC 820-10 establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable 
inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when 
available.  Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, 
developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company.  Unobservable inputs reflect 
the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, 
developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three 

broad levels, as follows:

•  Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company 
has the ability to access.  This category includes active exchange-traded funds, money market mutual 
funds, mutual funds and equity securities.

•  Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, 
either directly or indirectly.  Such inputs include quoted prices in markets that are not active, quoted prices 
for similar assets and liabilities in active and inactive markets, inputs other than quoted prices that are 
observable  for  the  asset  or  liability  and  inputs  that  are  derived  principally  from  or  corroborated  by 

78

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

observable market data by correlation or other means.  This category includes most debt securities and 
other interest-sensitive financial instruments. 

•  Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, where there is little, if any, observable market 

activity or data for the asset or liability.

The following tables present the Company's fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value 

on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in millions):

As of September 30, 2016

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Fair Value

Assets:

Cash equivalents:

Money market mutual funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,658

$

— $

— $

1,658

Investments segregated for regulatory purposes:

U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Securities owned:

U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subtotal - Securities owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Investments available-for-sale:

U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other assets:

Pay-variable interest rate swaps(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auction rate securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subtotal - Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

6

6

—

—

—

—

—

6,598

320

5

325

757

79

4

—

83

Total assets at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,664

$

7,763

$

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1

1

1

6,598

320

11

331

757

79

4

1

84

$

9,428

Liabilities:

Accounts payable and other liabilities:

Securities sold, not yet purchased:

Equity securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

6

$

— $

— $

6

(1)  See "Fair Value Hedging" in Note 8 for details. 

79

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

As of September 30, 2015

Level 1 

Level 2  

Level 3  

Fair Value

Assets:

Cash equivalents:

Money market mutual funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,888

$

— $

— $

1,888

Investments segregated for regulatory purposes:

U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Securities owned:

Money market and other mutual funds . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subtotal - Securities owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other assets:

Pay-variable interest rate swaps(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

U.S. government debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Auction rate securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Subtotal - Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

—

—

3

3

—

—

—

—

3,781

—

415

5

420

63

4

—

67

Total assets at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,891

$

4,268

$

—

2

—

—

2

—

—

1

1

3

3,781

2

415

8

425

63

4

1

68

$

6,162

Liabilities:

Accounts payable and other liabilities:

Securities sold, not yet purchased:

Equity securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

23

$

— $

— $

23

(1)  See "Fair Value Hedging" in Note 8 for details.

There were no transfers between any levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods covered by this 

report. 

Valuation Techniques

In general, and where applicable, the Company uses quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or 
liabilities to determine fair value.  This pricing methodology applies to the Company's Level 1 assets and liabilities.  
If quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities are not available to determine fair value, then 
the Company uses quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities or inputs other than the quoted prices that are 
observable, either directly or indirectly.  This pricing methodology applies to the Company's Level 2 assets and 
liabilities.

80

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Level 2 Measurements:

Debt Securities — Fair values for debt securities are based on prices obtained from an independent pricing 
vendor.  The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for similar assets in active markets, quoted prices 
for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit 
spreads.  The Company validates the vendor pricing by periodically comparing it to pricing from another independent 
pricing service.  The Company has not adjusted prices obtained from the independent pricing vendor for any periods 
presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements because no significant pricing differences have been observed.

Interest Rate Swaps — These derivatives are valued by the Company using a valuation model provided by a 
third party service that incorporates interest rate yield curves, which are observable for substantially the full term 
of the contract.  The valuation model is widely accepted in the financial services industry and does not involve 
significant judgment because most of the inputs are observable in the marketplace.  Credit risk is not an input to 
the valuation because in each case the Company or counterparty has possession of collateral, in the form of cash or 
U.S. Treasury securities, in amounts equal to or exceeding the fair value of the interest rate swaps.  The Company 
validates  the  third  party  service  valuations  by  comparing  them  to  valuation  models  provided  by  the  swap 
counterparties.

Level 3 Measurements:

The Company has no material assets or liabilities classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value

Receivable from/payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations, receivable from/payable to clients, 
receivable from/payable to affiliates, other receivables and accounts payable and other liabilities are short-term in 
nature and accordingly are carried at amounts that approximate fair value.  Receivable from/payable to brokers, 
dealers and clearing organizations, receivable from/payable to clients, receivable from/payable to affiliates, other 
receivables and accounts payable and other liabilities are recorded at or near their respective transaction prices and 
historically have been settled or converted to cash at approximately that value (categorized as Level 2 of the fair 
value hierarchy).

Cash  and  investments  segregated  and  on  deposit  for  regulatory  purposes  includes  reverse  repurchase 
agreements  (securities  purchased  under  agreements  to  resell).    Reverse  repurchase  agreements  are  treated  as 
collateralized financing transactions and are carried at amounts at which the securities will subsequently be resold, 
plus accrued interest.  The Company's reverse repurchase agreements generally have a maturity of seven days and 
are collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in amounts exceeding the carrying value of the resale agreements.  
Accordingly, the carrying value of reverse repurchase agreements approximates fair value (categorized as Level 2 
of the fair value hierarchy).  In addition, this category includes cash held in demand deposit accounts and on deposit 
with futures commission merchants, for which the carrying values approximate the fair value (categorized as Level 
1 of the fair value hierarchy).  See Note 3 for a summary of cash and investments segregated and on deposit for 
regulatory purposes.

Long-term debt — As of September 30, 2016, the Company's Senior Notes had an aggregate estimated fair 
value, based on quoted market prices (categorized as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy), of approximately $1.87 
billion, compared to the aggregate carrying value of the Senior Notes on the Consolidated Balance Sheet of $1.82 
billion.  As of September 30, 2015, the Company's Senior Notes had an aggregate estimated fair value, based on 
quoted market prices, of approximately $1.83 billion, compared to the aggregate carrying value of the Senior Notes 
on the Consolidated Balance Sheet of $1.80 billion.

81

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

15.   Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

Substantially all of the Company's reverse repurchase agreements, securities borrowing and securities lending 
activity and derivative financial instruments are transacted under master agreements that may allow for net settlement 
in the ordinary course of business, as well as offsetting of all contracts with a given counterparty in the event of 
default by one of the parties.  However, for financial statement purposes, the Company does not net balances related 
to these financial instruments.

The  following  tables  present  information  about  the  potential  effect  of  rights  of  setoff  associated  with  the 

Company's recognized assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in millions):

September 30, 2016

Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Assets and
Liabilities

Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet

Net Amounts
Presented in
the Consolidated
Balance Sheet

Gross Amounts Not Offset
in the
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Collateral
Received or
Pledged
(Including
Cash) (5)

Financial
Instruments(4)

Net 
Amount (6)

Assets:

Investments segregated for

regulatory purposes:

Reverse repurchase

agreements . . . . . . . . . .

$

Receivable from brokers,

dealers and clearing
organizations:

Deposits paid for 
securities borrowed(1) .

Other assets:

Pay-variable interest rate
swaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,288

$

— $

1,288

$

— $

(1,288) $

—

1,051

79

—

—

1,051

(172)

(862)

79

—

(79)

17

—

17

Total . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2,418

$

— $

2,418

$

(172) $

(2,229) $

Liabilities:

Payable to brokers, dealers

and clearing organizations:

Deposits received for 
securities loaned(2)(3) . .

$

1,990

$

— $

1,990

$

(172) $

(1,638) $

180

82

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

September 30, 2015

Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Assets and
Liabilities

Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Consolidated
Balance Sheet

Net Amounts
Presented in
the Consolidated
Balance Sheet

Gross Amounts Not Offset
in the
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Collateral
Received or
Pledged
(Including
Cash) (5)

Financial
Instruments(4)

Net 
Amount (6)

1,586

$

— $

1,586

$

— $

(1,586) $

—

Assets:

Investments segregated for

regulatory purposes:

Reverse repurchase

agreements . . . . . . . . . .

$

Receivable from brokers,

dealers and clearing
organizations:

Deposits paid for 
securities borrowed(1) .

Other assets:

Pay-variable interest rate
swaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

664

63

—

—

664

63

(70)

(585)

—

(63)

9

—

9

Total . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2,313

$

— $

2,313

$

(70) $

(2,234) $

Liabilities:

Payable to brokers, dealers

and clearing organizations:

Deposits received for 
securities loaned(2)(3) . .

$

2,653

$

— $

2,653

$

(70) $

(2,364) $

219

(1) 

(2) 

Included in the gross amounts of deposits paid for securities borrowed is $590 million and $332 million as of 
September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, transacted through a risk-sharing program with the OCC, which 
guarantees the return of cash to the Company.  See "General Contingencies" in Note 13 for a discussion of 
the potential risks associated with securities borrowing transactions and how the Company mitigates those 
risks. 
Included in the gross amounts of deposits received for securities loaned is $1.07 billion and $1.16 billion as 
of September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, transacted through a risk-sharing program with the OCC, which 
guarantees the return of securities to the Company.  See "General Contingencies" in Note 13 for a discussion 
of the potential risks associated with securities lending transactions and how the Company mitigates those 
risks.

83

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(3)  Substantially all of the Company's securities lending transactions have a continuous contractual term and, 
upon notice by either party, may be terminated within three business days.  The following table summarizes 
the Company's gross liability for securities lending transactions by the class of securities loaned (dollars in 
millions):

September 30,

2016

2015

Deposits received for securities loaned:

Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exchange-traded funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Closed-end funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

1,652

$

216

73

49

2,413

150

41

49

$

1,990

$

2,653

(4)  Amounts represent recognized assets and liabilities that are subject to enforceable master agreements with 

rights of setoff.

(5)  Represents  the  fair  value  of  collateral  the  Company  had  received  or  pledged  under  enforceable  master 
agreements, limited for table presentation purposes to the net amount of the recognized assets due from or 
liabilities due to each counterparty.  At September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company had received total collateral 
with a fair value of $2.44 billion and $2.35 billion, respectively, and pledged total collateral with a fair value 
of $1.81 billion and $2.44 billion, respectively.

(6)  Represents the amount for which, in the case of net recognized assets, the Company had not received collateral, 

and in the case of net recognized liabilities, the Company had not pledged collateral.

16.   Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table presents the net change in fair value recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) before 

and after income tax for the fiscal years indicated (dollars in millions):

2016

Tax
Effect

Before
Tax

Net of
Tax

Before
Tax

2015

Tax
Effect

Net of
Tax

Before
Tax

2014

Tax
Effect

Net of
Tax

Cash flow hedging instruments:

Net unrealized loss. . . . . . . . . .

$ — $ — $ — $ (15)

$

5

$ (10)

$ (29)

$

11

$ (18)

Reclassification adjustment for 
portion of realized loss 
amortized to net income (1) . .

Other comprehensive
income (loss) . . . . . . . . . .

$

5

5

(2)

$

(2)

$

3

3

4

(1)

3

—

—

—

$ (11)

$

4

$

(7)

$ (29)

$

11

$ (18)

(1)  The before tax reclassification amounts and the related tax effects are included in interest on borrowings and 

provision for income taxes, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

84

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following table presents after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the fiscal years 

indicated (dollars in millions):

2016

2015

2014

Cash flow hedging instruments:

Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

(25) $

(18) $ —

Other comprehensive loss before reclassification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . .
Current period change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—

3

3

(10)
3
(7)

(18)
—
(18)

Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

(22) $

(25) $

(18)

17.  Segment and Geographic Area Information

The Company primarily operates in the securities brokerage industry and has no other reportable segments.  
Substantially all of the Company's revenues from external clients for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2016, 
2015 and 2014 were derived from its operations in the United States.

18.  Accelerated Stock Repurchase Agreements

On  June 8,  2016,  the  Company  entered  into  an  accelerated  stock  repurchase  ("ASR")  agreement  with  an 
investment bank counterparty.  The Company paid $42.5 million to the counterparty and received an initial delivery 
of 1.1 million shares of its common stock on June 9, 2016, representing 80% of the potential shares to be repurchased 
based on the closing stock price of $31.35 on June 8, 2016.  Settlement of the transaction occurred after the end of 
an averaging period, which began on June 9, 2016 and ended on September 15, 2016.  The total number of shares 
the Company purchased from the counterparty was based on the average of the daily volume-weighted average 
share prices of the Company's common stock during the averaging period, less a pre-determined discount.  Upon 
settlement, the Company received an additional 0.3 million shares on September 20, 2016.  The Company ultimately 
repurchased a total of 1.4 million shares under the June 8, 2016 ASR agreement at a net weighted average price of 
$29.89 per share.

On December 1, 2015, the Company entered into an ASR agreement with an investment bank counterparty.  
The Company paid $45 million to the counterparty and received an initial delivery of 1.0 million shares of its 
common stock on December 2, 2015, representing 80% of the potential shares to be repurchased based on the closing 
stock price of $36.92 on December 1, 2015.  Settlement of the transaction was to occur after the end of an averaging 
period, which would end no later than March 1, 2016 and was subject to early termination by the counterparty.  The 
averaging period began on December 2, 2015 and ended on January 12, 2016, at the election of the counterparty.  
The total number of shares the Company purchased from the counterparty was based on the average of the daily 
volume-weighted average share prices of the Company's common stock during the averaging period, less a pre-
determined discount.  Upon settlement, the Company received an additional 0.3 million shares on January 15, 2016.  
The Company ultimately repurchased a total of 1.3 million shares under the December 1, 2015 ASR agreement at 
a net weighted average price of $33.98 per share.

The Company has treated the ASR agreements as forward contracts indexed to its own common stock.  The 
forward contracts have met all of the applicable criteria for equity classification, including the Company's right to 
settle in shares.  The Company has reflected the shares received from the investment bank counterparties as treasury 
stock as of the dates the shares were delivered, which resulted in reductions of the outstanding shares used to calculate 
the weighted average common shares outstanding for both basic and diluted earnings per share during the respective 
periods. 

85

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

19.  Related Party Transactions 

Transactions with TD and Affiliates

As a result of the Company's acquisition of TD Waterhouse Group, Inc. during fiscal 2006, TD became an 
affiliate of the Company.  TD owned approximately 42% of the Company's common stock as of September 30, 
2016.  Pursuant to the stockholders agreement between TD and the Company, TD has the right to designate five of 
twelve  members  of  the  Company's  board  of  directors.    The  Company  transacts  business  and  has  extensive 
relationships  with  TD  and  certain  of  its  affiliates.    Transactions  with  TD  and  its  affiliates  are  discussed  and 
summarized below.

Insured Deposit Account Agreement 

Under the IDA agreement, the TD Depository Institutions make available to clients of the Company FDIC-
insured money market deposit accounts as either designated sweep vehicles or as non-sweep deposit accounts.  The 
Company provides marketing, recordkeeping and support services for the TD Depository Institutions with respect 
to the money market deposit accounts.  In exchange for providing these services, the TD Depository Institutions 
pay the Company an aggregate marketing fee based on the weighted average yield earned on the client IDA assets, 
less the actual interest paid to clients, a servicing fee to the TD Depository Institutions and the cost of FDIC insurance 
premiums.

The current IDA agreement became effective as of January 1, 2013 and has an initial term expiring July 1, 
2018.  It is automatically renewable for successive five-year terms, provided that it may be terminated by either the 
Company or the TD Depository Institutions by providing written notice of non-renewal at least two years prior to 
the initial expiration date or the expiration date of any subsequent renewal period.  As of July 1, 2016, notice of 
non-renewal was not provided by either party, therefore the IDA agreement will automatically renew on July 1, 
2018.

The fee earned on the IDA agreement is calculated based on two primary components: (a) the yield on fixed-
rate "notional" investments, based on prevailing fixed rates for identical balances and maturities in the interest rate 
swap market (generally LIBOR-based) at the time such investments were added to the IDA portfolio (including any 
adjustments required to adjust the variable rate leg of such swaps to a one-month reset frequency and the overall 
swap payment frequency to monthly) and (b) the yield on floating-rate investments.  As of September 30, 2016, the 
IDA  portfolio  was  comprised  of  approximately  68%  fixed-rate  notional  investments  and  32%  floating-rate 
investments.

The IDA agreement provides that the Company may designate amounts and maturity dates for the fixed-rate 
notional investments in the IDA portfolio, subject to certain limitations.  For example, if the Company designates 
that $100 million of deposits be invested in 5-year fixed-rate investments, and on the day such investment is confirmed 
by the TD Depository Institutions the prevailing fixed yield for the applicable 5-year U.S. dollar LIBOR-based 
swaps is 1.45%, then the Company will earn a gross fixed yield of 1.45% on that portion of the portfolio (before 
any deductions for interest paid to clients, the servicing fee to the TD Depository Institutions and the cost of FDIC 
insurance premiums).  In the event that (1) the federal funds effective rate is established at 0.75% or greater and 
(2) the rate on 5-year U.S. dollar interest rate swaps is equal to or greater than 1.50% for 20 consecutive business 
days, then the rate earned by the Company on new fixed-rate notional investments will be reduced by 20% of the 
excess of the 5-year U.S. dollar swap rate over 1.50%, up to a maximum of 0.10%.

The yield on floating-rate investments is calculated daily based on the greater of the following rates published 
by the Federal Reserve: (1) the interest rate paid by Federal Reserve Banks on balances held in excess of required 
reserve balances and contractual clearing balances under Regulation D and (2) the daily effective federal funds rate.

The interest rates paid to clients are set by the TD Depository Institutions and are not linked to any index.  
The servicing fee to the TD Depository Institutions under the IDA agreement is equal to 25 basis points on the 
aggregate average daily balance in the IDA accounts, subject to adjustment as it relates to deposits of less than or 
equal to $20 billion kept in floating-rate investments or in fixed-rate notional investments with a maturity of up to 

86

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

24 months ("short-term fixed-rate investments").  For such floating-rate and short-term fixed-rate investments, the 
servicing fee is equal to the difference of the interest rate earned on the investments less the FDIC premiums paid 
(in basis points), divided by two.  The servicing fee has a floor of 3 basis points (subject to adjustment from time 
to time to reflect material changes to the TD Depository Institutions' leverage costs) and a maximum of 25 basis 
points.

In  the  event  the  marketing  fee  computation  results  in  a  negative  amount,  the  Company  must  pay  the 
TD Depository  Institutions  the  negative  amount.    This  effectively  results  in  the  Company  guaranteeing  the 
TD Depository Institutions revenue equal to the servicing fee on the IDA agreement, plus the reimbursement of 
FDIC insurance premiums.  The marketing fee computation under the IDA agreement is affected by many variables, 
including the type, duration, principal balance and yield of the fixed-rate and floating-rate investments, the prevailing 
interest rate environment, the amount of client deposits and the yield paid on client deposits.  Because a negative 
marketing fee computation would arise only if there were extraordinary movements in many of these variables, the 
maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under this arrangement 
cannot be reasonably estimated.  Management believes the potential for the marketing fee calculation to result in a 
negative amount is remote.  Accordingly, no contingent liability is carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for 
the IDA agreement.

In addition, the Company has various other services agreements and transactions with TD and its affiliates.  
The following tables summarize revenues and expenses resulting from transactions with TD and its affiliates for 
the fiscal years indicated (dollars in millions):

Description

Statement of Income
Classification
Insured deposit account fees .
Various. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment product fees. . . . .
Various. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Insured Deposit Account Agreement
Referral and Strategic Alliance Agreement
Mutual Fund Agreements
Other

Description
Canadian Call Center Services Agreement
Other

Statement of Income
Classification
Various(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Various. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Revenues from TD and Affiliates

2016

2015

2014

926
14
11
7
958

$

$

839
13
—
6
858

$

$

820
12
—
5
837

Expenses to TD and Affiliates 

2016

2015

2014

22
3
25

$

$

18
4
22

$

$

17
3
20

$

$

$

$

(1)  On September 30, 2016, the Company notified TD of its intent to not extend or renew the Canadian Call Center 
Services Agreement.  Of the $22 million of expenses related to this agreement, $19 million is included in 
professional  services  and  $3  million  of  contract  termination  costs  are  included  in  other  expense  on  the 
Consolidated Statement of Income for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016.  The Company expects that 
services with the Canadian Call Center will be completed by September 30, 2017.

87

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following table summarizes the classification and amount of receivables from and payables to TD and its 

affiliates on the Consolidated Balance Sheets resulting from related party transactions (dollars in millions):

September 30,

2016

2015

Assets:
Receivable from affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 106

$

93

Liabilities:
Payable to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

72

9

$

70

6

Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations primarily relate to securities lending activity and are 
settled in accordance with customary contractual terms.  Receivables from and payables to TD affiliates resulting 
from client cash sweep activity are generally settled in cash the next business day.  Other receivables from and 
payables to affiliates of TD are generally settled in cash on a monthly basis.

88

 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

20.  Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

The  2019  Senior  Notes  are  jointly  and  severally  and  fully  and  unconditionally  guaranteed  by  TDAOH.  
Presented below is condensed consolidating financial information for the Company, its guarantor subsidiary and its 
non-guarantor  subsidiaries  for  the  periods  indicated.    Because  all  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  activity 
occurred on the parent company for all periods presented, condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive 
income are not presented.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
As of September 30, 2016

ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and investments segregated and on

deposit for regulatory purposes . . . . . . . . .

Receivable from brokers, dealers and

clearing organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from clients, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investments available-for-sale, at fair value. .
Investments in subsidiaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquired intangible assets, net. . . . . . . . . . . .
Other, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(In millions)

Eliminations

Total

$

248

$

2

$

1,605

$

— $

1,855

—

—

8,729

—

8,729

—
—
8
757
5,894
—
—
163
7,070

$

—
—
—
—
5,779
—
146
21
5,948

$

1,190
11,941
138
—
—
2,467
429
1,083
27,582

—
—
(40)
—
(11,673)
—
—
(69)

1,190
11,941
106
757
—
2,467
575
1,198
$ (11,782) $ 28,818

$

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:

Payable to brokers, dealers and clearing

organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable and other liabilities . . . . .
Payable to affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stockholders' equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

— $
—
171
31
1,817
—
2,019
5,051

— $
—
—
—
—
54
54
5,894

2,040
19,055
413
18
—
277
21,803
5,779

$

— $
—
(19)
(40)
—
(50)
(109)
(11,673)

2,040
19,055
565
9
1,817
281
23,767
5,051

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity.

$

7,070

$

5,948

$

27,582

$ (11,782) $ 28,818

89

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
As of September 30, 2015

ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and investments segregated and on

deposit for regulatory purposes . . . . . . . . .

Receivable from brokers, dealers and

clearing organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from clients, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivable from affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investments in subsidiaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acquired intangible assets, net. . . . . . . . . . . .
Other, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

(In millions)

Eliminations

Total

$

920

$

2

$

1,056

$

— $

1,978

—

—

—
6

—

—

—
1

5,762

5,648

—

—

145

—

146

18

6,305

862

12,770
92

—

2,467

515

1,138

—

—

—
(6)
(11,410)
—

—
(62)

6,305

862

12,770
93

—

2,467

661

1,239

Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

6,833

$

5,815

$

25,205

$ (11,478) $ 26,375

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Liabilities:

Payable to brokers, dealers and clearing

organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payable to clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable and other liabilities . . . . .
Payable to affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long-term debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total liabilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stockholders' equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

— $

— $

2,707

$

— $

2,707

—

130

—

1,800

—

1,930

4,903

—

—

—

—

53

53

5,762

16,035

523

12

—

280

—
(16)
(6)
—
(46)

19,557

5,648

(68)
(11,410)

16,035

637

6

1,800

287

21,472

4,903

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity.

$

6,833

$

5,815

$

25,205

$ (11,478) $ 26,375

90

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
For the Year Ended September 30, 2016

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

(In millions)
3,325

— $

$

$

$

3,327

$

Net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before income taxes and

equity in income of subsidiaries . . . . . .
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes.
Income (loss) before equity in income of

subsidiaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equity in income of subsidiaries . . . . . . . .

Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

30

26

4

53

(49)

6

(55)

897

842

—

—

—

—
(1)

1

896

897

$

$

2,011

1,314

—

1,314

418

896

—

896

—
(1,793)

$

(1,793)

$

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
For the Year Ended September 30, 2015

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

(In millions)
3,247

— $

$

$

$

3,247

—

—

—

—
(1)

1

838

839

$

$

1,923

1,324
(6)

1,330

492

838

—

838

—
(1,677)

$

(1,677)

$

$

Net revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other expense (income) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before income taxes and

equity in income of subsidiaries. . . . . . .
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes .
Income (loss) before equity in income of

subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equity in income of subsidiaries . . . . . . . .

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

17

16

1

43

(42)

(16)

(26)

839

813

91

(28)
(28)
—

—

—

—

(17)
(17)
—

—

—

—

2,009

1,318

53

1,265

423

842

—

842

1,922

1,325

37

1,288

475

813

—

813

 
 
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
For the Year Ended September 30, 2014

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Eliminations

Total

(In millions)
3,123

— $

$

$

$

3,123

—

—

—

—
(1)

1

787

788

$

$

1,839

1,284
(9)

1,293

498

795

17

812

(14)
(14)
—

—

—

—

1,838

1,285

15

1,270

483

787

—

787

—
(1,600)

$

(1,600)

$

$

Net revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other expense (income) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before income taxes and

equity in income of subsidiaries. . . . . . .
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes .
Income (loss) before equity in income of

subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equity in income of subsidiaries . . . . . . . .

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

14

13

1

24

(23)

(14)

(9)

796

787

92

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended September 30, 2016

Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . .
Cash flows from investing activities:

$

49

$

(In millions)
— $

1,419

$

1,468

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Total

Purchase of property and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale and maturity of short-term

investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of short-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of investments available-for-sale, at fair

value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . .

Cash flows from financing activities:

Payment of cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock for income tax

withholding on stock-based compensation . . . . . .
Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash used in financing activities . . . . . . . . . .

Intercompany investing and financing activities, net .

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . .

—

600
(601)

(757)

(758)

(362)
(352)

(30)
16

(728)

765

(672)
920

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . .

$

248

$

—

3
(3)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

2

2

(105)

1
(1)

—

(105)

—

—

—

—

—

(765)

549

1,056

(105)

604
(605)

(757)

(863)

(362)
(352)

(30)
16

(728)

—

(123)
1,978

$

1,605

$

1,855

93

 
  
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended September 30, 2015

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Total

$

27

$

1

$

718

$

746

(In millions)

—

500
(502)
1
—
(1)

1,248
(11)
(569)
(150)
(326)
(364)

(23)
27

(168)

945

803

117

920

$

—

3
(3)
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1)

—

2

2

(71)

1
(1)
9
3
(59)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(944)

(285)
1,341

(71)

504
(506)
10
3
(60)

1,248
(11)
(569)
(150)
(326)
(364)

(23)
27

(168)

—

518

1,460

$

1,056

$

1,978

Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . .
Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale and maturity of short-term

investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of short-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . .

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt . . . . . . . .
Payment of debt issuance costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Principal payments on long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . .
Principal payments on notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock for income tax

withholding on stock-based compensation . . . . . .
Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash used in financing activities . . . . . . . . . .

Intercompany investing and financing activities, net .

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . .

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . .

$

94

 
   
 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended September 30, 2014

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities . .
Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale and maturity of short-term

investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of short-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of investments available-for-

sale, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash provided by (used in) investing

activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from notes payable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Principal payments on notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of treasury stock for income tax

withholding on stock-based compensation . . . . . .
Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net cash used in financing activities . . . . . . . . . .

Intercompany investing and financing activities, net .

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . .

Parent

Guarantor
Subsidiary

Non-
Guarantor
Subsidiaries

Total

$

(81)

$

1

$

1,105

$

1,025

(In millions)

—

—

—

13

—

—

13

69

230
(80)
(540)
(190)

(17)
18

(510)

496

(82)
199

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(6)

(5)
7

(144)

(144)

4
(4)

—

12

2

4
(4)

13

12

2

(130)

(117)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(490)

485

856

69

230
(80)
(540)
(190)

(17)
18

(510)

—

398

1,062

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . .

$

117

$

2

$

1,341

$

1,460

95

 
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

21.  Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

Net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . .

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2016

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

812

343

212

0.39

0.39

$

$

$

$

$

846

343

205

0.38

0.38

$

$

$

$

$

838

348

240

0.45

0.45

$

$

$

$

$

829

283

185

0.35

0.35

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2015

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

819

344

211

0.39

0.39

$

$

$

$

$

803

296

189

0.35

0.35

$

$

$

$

$

794

325

197

0.36

0.36

$

$

$

$

$

831

360

216

0.40

0.40

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Quarterly amounts may not sum to fiscal year totals due to rounding.

22.  Subsequent Event 

On October 24, 2016, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Scottrade Financial 
Services, Inc. ("Scottrade"), a Delaware corporation, Rodger O. Riney, as Voting Trustee of the Rodger O. Riney 
Family Voting Trust U/A/D 12/31/2012, and Alto Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned 
subsidiary  of  the  Company,  pursuant  to  which  the  Company  agreed  to  acquire  Scottrade  in  a  cash  and  equity 
transaction valued at $4 billion.  The transaction will take place in two, consecutive steps. First, and as a condition 
precedent to our acquisition of Scottrade, TD will purchase Scottrade Bank from Scottrade for $1.3 billion in cash, 
subject to closing adjustments.  Under the terms of the planned acquisition, Scottrade Bank will merge with and 
into TD Bank, N.A., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of TD.  Additionally, we expect TD to purchase $400 
million in new common equity, or approximately 11 million shares, from the Company in connection with the 
planned transaction.  Immediately following TD's acquisition of Scottrade Bank, the Company will acquire Scottrade 
for $4 billion less the proceeds from the sale of Scottrade Bank, which is subject to closing adjustments.  We intend 
to fund the acquisition of Scottrade with $1 billion in new common equity, or approximately 28 million shares, 
issued to Scottrade shareholders, cash on hand, proceeds from the sale of the Company's common stock to TD, as 
described  above,  and  debt  financing. The  transaction  is  subject  to  regulatory  approvals  and  customary  closing 
conditions and is expected to close by September 30, 2017.  Following the transaction's close, Scottrade Founder 
and CEO, Rodger Riney, will be appointed to the Company's board of directors.

96

 
 
 
 
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

MANAGEMENT'S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries (the "Company") is responsible for 
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.  The Company's internal control 
over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of and effected by the Company's chief executive 
officer and chief financial officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted 
accounting principles.

The Company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions 
of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that 
receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management 
and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations.  Therefore, even those 
systems  determined  to  be  effective  can  provide  only  reasonable  assurance  with  respect  to  financial  statement 
preparation and presentation.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over 
financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of 
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial 
reporting as of September 30, 2016 based on framework established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework).  Based on 
this assessment, management concluded that, as of September 30, 2016, the Company's internal control over financial 
reporting is effective.

The Company's internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2016 has been audited by Ernst & 
Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their accompanying report which expresses 
an  unqualified  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
September 30, 2016.  That opinion appears on the next page.

97

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

We  have  audited  TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
September 30,  2016,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the 
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework)  (the  COSO  criteria).  
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over 
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included 
in the accompanying Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility 
is to express an opinion on the company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included 
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, 
and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company's internal control over financial reporting 
includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1) pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies 
or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal 

control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2016, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States), the consolidated balance sheets of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation as of September 30, 2016
and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2016 of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation 
and our report dated November 18, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois
November 18, 2016 

98

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, performed an evaluation of 
the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2016.  Management, 
including  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures were effective as of September 30, 2016.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the most recently 
completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's 
internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.  Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from our definitive 
proxy statement for our 2017 annual meeting of stockholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A 
within 120 days after September 30, 2016 (the "Proxy Statement").

Item 11.  Executive Compensation

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy 

Statement. 

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 

Matters

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item, with the exception of the equity compensation 

plan information presented below, is incorporated by reference from the Proxy Statement.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table summarizes, as of September 30, 2016, information about compensation plans under 

which equity securities of the Company are authorized for issuance:

Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Number of securities
remaining available
for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans
approved by security
holders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(a)

(b)

(c)

5,417,704 (1) $

21.33 (2)

7,550,961 (3)

(1)  Consists  of  1,784,316  stock  options,  3,506,386  restricted  stock  units  and  127,002  deferred  stock  units 

outstanding under the Company's stock incentive plans.

(2)  The weighted average exercise price does not take into account awards that have no exercise price, such as 

restricted stock units and deferred stock units.

99

(3)  The TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  (the  "LTIP")  and  the  2006  Directors 
Incentive Plan (the "Directors Plan") authorize the issuance of shares of common stock as well as options.  As 
of September 30, 2016, there were 6,672,853 shares and 878,108 shares remaining available for issuance 
pursuant to the LTIP and the Directors Plan, respectively.

The previous table includes the following options assumed in connection with the Company's acquisition of 

thinkorswim Group Inc. in fiscal 2009:

Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders . . .

(a)
21,300

(b)
$40.33

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy 

Statement.

Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is incorporated by reference from the Proxy 

Statement.

PART IV

Item 15.  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a)  Documents filed as part of this Report

1.  Financial Statements

See Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."

2.  Financial Statement Schedules

Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted because the required information is not 
present, or not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedules, or because the 
required information is provided in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes.

3.  Exhibits

See Item 15(b) below.

(b)  Exhibits

Exhibit No.

2.1^

3.1

3.2

4.1

Description

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 24, 2016, by and among Scottrade Financial 
Services, Inc., Rodger O. Riney, as Voting Trustee of the Rodger O. Riney Family Voting Trust U/A/
D  12/31/2012, TD Ameritrade Holding  Corporation  and Alto Acquisition Corp.  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2016)

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, dated 
January  24,  2006  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  of  the  Company's  Form  8-K  filed  on 
January 27, 2006)

Amended and Restated By-Laws of TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, effective February 12, 2014 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on February 19, 2014)

Form of Certificate for Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company's 
Form 8-A filed on September 5, 2002)

100

Exhibit No.

Description

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

10.1*

10.2*

10.3*

10.4*

10.5*

10.6*

10.7*

10.8*

10.9*

10.10*

10.11*

First Supplemental Indenture, dated November 25, 2009, among TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, 
TD Ameritrade  Online  Holdings  Corp.,  as  guarantor,  and  The  Bank  of  New  York  Mellon  Trust 
Company, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company's 
Form 8-K filed on November 25, 2009)

Form of 5.600% Senior Note due 2019 (included in Exhibit 4.2)

Indenture,  dated  October 22,  2014,  between TD Ameritrade Holding  Corporation  and  U.S.  Bank 
National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company's Form 8-
K filed on October 23, 2014)

Form of 3.625% Senior Note due 2025 (included in Exhibit 4.4)

Supplemental Indenture, dated October 22, 2014, between TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation and 
U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the Company's 
Form 8-K filed on October 23, 2014)

Second Supplemental Indenture, dated March 9, 2015 between TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation 
and  U.S.  Bank  National Association,  as  trustee  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.2  of  the 
Company's Form 8-K filed on March 9, 2015)

Form of 2.950% Senior Note due 2022 (included in Exhibit 4.7)

Form of Indemnification Agreement between TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation and members of 
the Company's board of directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 
8-K filed on November 26, 2014)

Chairman of the Board of Directors Term Sheet, effective as of June 1, 2011, between Joseph H. 
Moglia and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the 
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on November 18, 2011)

Employment  Agreement,  effective  as  of  October  1,  2013,  between  Fredric  J.  Tomczyk  and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's 
Form 8-K filed on August 1, 2013)

Separation and Release of Claims Agreement, dated September 22, 2016, between Fredric J. Tomczyk 
and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

Non-Qualified  Stock  Option Agreement,  dated  May  15,  2008,  between  Fredric  J.  Tomczyk  and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on August 8, 2008)

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Fredric J. Tomczyk (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.5 of the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 6, 2013)

Employment Agreement, effective as of January 2, 2016, between Tim Hockey and TD Ameritrade 
Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's quarterly report on 
Form 10-Q filed on February 4, 2016)

Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, dated January 21, 2016, between Tim Hockey and TD Ameritrade 
Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's quarterly report on 
Form 10-Q filed on February 4, 2016)

Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Agreement,  dated  January  21,  2016,  between  Tim  Hockey  and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 4, 2016)

Employment Agreement, as amended and restated, effective as of October 13, 2008, between Ellen 
L.S. Koplow and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of 
the Company's Form 10-K filed on November 26, 2008)

Amendment to Employment Agreement, executed on December 20, 2012, between Ellen L.S. Koplow 
and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 6, 2013)

101

Exhibit No.

10.12*

10.13*

10.14*

10.15*

10.16*

10.17*

10.18*

10.19*

10.20*

10.21*

10.22*

10.23*

10.24*

10.25*

10.26*

10.27*

10.28

Description

Amendment to Employment Agreement, executed on August 30, 2013, between Ellen L.S. Koplow 
and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of the Company's 
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on November 22, 2013)

Executive Employment Term Sheet, effective as of April 11, 2011, between Marvin W. Adams and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on May 6, 2011)

Amendment to Executive Employment Term Sheet, executed on December 19, 2012, between Marvin 
W. Adams and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the 
Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 6, 2013)

Separation Agreement and Release of Claims, dated August 1, 2016, between Marvin W. Adams and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Marvin W. Adams (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2012)

Consulting and Release of Claims Agreement, dated January 15, 2015, between William J. Gerber 
and TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 5, 2015)

Executive  Employment  Term Sheet,  effective  as  of  July  1,  2015,  between  Stephen  J.  Boyle  and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on May 7, 2015)

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Stephen J. Boyle (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 of the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2015)

Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, dated November 25, 2015, between J. Thomas Bradley, Jr. and 
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 4, 2016)

TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended  and  restated 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on February 24, 2016)

Form  of  1996  Long Term Incentive  Plan  Non-Qualified  Stock  Option Agreement for  Executives 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on 
December 9, 2004)

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 
of the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on August 5, 2016)

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation 2006 Directors Incentive Plan, effective as of November 15, 
2006 (incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Company's Proxy Statement filed on January 24, 
2007)

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Non-employee Directors (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on August 5, 2016)

Amended and Restated Ameritrade Holding Corporation Executive Deferred Compensation Program 
effective December 28, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K 
filed on December 30, 2005)

TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation  Management  Incentive  Plan,  as  amended  and  restated 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on February 24, 2016)

Stockholders Agreement  among Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation,  The  Toronto-Dominion  Bank, 
J. Joe Ricketts and certain of his affiliates dated as of June 22, 2005 (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on June 28, 2005)

102

Exhibit No.

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

10.34†

10.35

10.36

10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.41

Description

Amendment  No.  1  to  Stockholders Agreement  among  TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation,  The 
Toronto-Dominion Bank and certain other stockholders of TD Ameritrade, dated February 22, 2006 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on 
May 8, 2006)

Amendment  No.  2  and  Waiver  to  Stockholders  Agreement  among  TD Ameritrade  Holding 
Corporation, The Toronto-Dominion Bank and certain other stockholders of TD Ameritrade, dated 
August 3, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 
10-K filed on November 13, 2009)

Amendment  No.  3  to  Stockholders Agreement  among  TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation,  The 
Toronto-Dominion Bank  and  certain  other  stockholders  of TD Ameritrade, dated August 6,  2010 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on 
November 19, 2010)

Amendment  No.  4  to  Stockholders Agreement  among  TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation,  The 
Toronto-Dominion Bank and certain other stockholders of TD Ameritrade, dated October 31, 2011 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on 
February 7, 2012)

Amendment  No.  5  to  Stockholders Agreement  among  TD Ameritrade  Holding  Corporation,  The 
Toronto-Dominion Bank and certain other stockholders of TD Ameritrade, dated December 4, 2013 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on December 5, 2013)

Insured Deposit Account Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2013, among TD Bank USA, N.A., 
TD Bank, N.A., The Toronto-Dominion Bank, TD Ameritrade, Inc., TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. 
and TD Ameritrade Trust Company  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company's 
quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on February 6, 2013)

Amendment No. 1, dated as of October 24, 2016, to the Insured Deposit Account Agreement by and 
among TD Bank USA, N.A., TD Bank, N.A., TD Ameritrade, Inc., TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc., 
TD Ameritrade Trust Company and solely for purposes of Sections 7(b), 14 and 15(c), The Toronto-
Dominion Bank, effective as of January 1, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the 
Company's Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2016)

Amended  and  Restated  Registration  Rights  Agreement  by  and  among  Ameritrade  Holding 
Corporation, The Toronto-Dominion Bank, J. Joe Ricketts and certain of his affiliates, entities affiliated 
with  Silver  Lake  Partners,  and  entities  affiliated  with  TA Associates,  dated  as  of  June  22,  2005 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on September 12, 2005)

Trademark  License  Agreement  among  The  Toronto-Dominion  Bank  and  Ameritrade  Holding 
Corporation, dated as of June 22, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Company's 
Form 8-K filed on September 12, 2005)

Letter Agreement, dated as of October 24, 2016, by and among TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, 
The Toronto-Dominion Bank and TD Luxembourg International Holdings S.à.r.l. (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2016)

Subscription Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  24,  2016,  by  and  among  TD Ameritrade  Holding 
Corporation,  The  Toronto-Dominion  Bank  and  TD  Luxembourg  International  Holdings  S.à.r.l. 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2016)

Credit Agreement, dated June 11, 2014, among TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, TD Ameritrade 
Online Holdings Corp., as guarantor, the lenders party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as syndication 
agent,  Barclays  Bank  PLC,  U.S.  Bank  National  Association  and  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National 
Association, as co-documentation agents and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on June 17, 2014)

Credit Agreement, dated June 11, 2014, among TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc., the lenders party thereto, 
Bank of America, N.A., as syndication agent, Barclays Bank PLC, U.S. Bank National Association 
and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as co-documentation agents and JPMorgan Chase Bank, 
N.A., as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 8-
K filed on June 17, 2014)

103

Exhibit No.

10.42

12

14

21.1

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

99.1

99.2

Description

Construction agreement between TD Ameritrade Services Company, Inc. and AP Gulf States Inc., 
effective May 10, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed 
on May 16, 2016)

Statement Re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 of the Company's quarterly report on Form 
10-Q filed February 4, 2011)

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Consent of Ernst & Young LLP

Certification of Tim Hockey, Principal Executive Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification of Stephen J. Boyle, Principal Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002

Form of Registration Rights Agreement, by and among TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation, Rodger 
O. Riney, as Voting Trustee of the Rodger O. Riney Family Voting Trust U/A/D 12/31/2012, The 
Toronto-Dominion Bank and the other stockholders described therein (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 99.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2016)

Form of Stockholders Agreement by and among TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation and Rodger O. 
Riney, as Voting Trustee of the Rodger O. Riney Family Voting Trust U/A/D 12/31/2012 (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2016)

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation

101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label

101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation

101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition

^

Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K.  The Company agrees to furnish 
supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission a copy of any omitted schedule upon request.

* Management contracts and compensatory plans and arrangements required to be filed as exhibits under

Item 15(b) of this report.

†

Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to the omitted portions of this Exhibit, which portions
have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

104

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has 
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 18th day of 
November, 2016.

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION

By:

/s/    TIM HOCKEY        

Tim Hockey
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

By:

/s/    STEPHEN J. BOYLE        

Stephen J. Boyle
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by 
the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on this 18th day of November, 2016.

/s/    IRENE R. MILLER
Irene R. Miller
Director

/s/    MARK L. MITCHELL
Mark L. Mitchell
Director

/s/    WILBUR J. PREZZANO
Wilbur J. Prezzano
Director

/s/    TODD M. RICKETTS
Todd M. Ricketts
Director

/s/    ALLAN R. TESSLER
Allan R. Tessler
Director

/s/    JOSEPH H. MOGLIA         

Joseph H. Moglia
Chairman of the Board

/s/    BHARAT B. MASRANI
Bharat B. Masrani
Vice Chairman of the Board

/s/    LORENZO A. BETTINO
Lorenzo A. Bettino
Director

/s/    V. ANN HAILEY
V. Ann Hailey
Director

/s/    BRIAN M. LEVITT
Brian M. Levitt
Director

/s/    KAREN E. MAIDMENT
Karen E. Maidment
Director

105

TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
In millions
(Unaudited)

2016

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 
2014

2015

2013

2012

EBITDA(1)
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Add:

$        

842

$        

813

$        

787

$        

675

$        

586

Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Amortization of acquired intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
Interest on borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

92
86
53
423

91
90
43
475

95
90
25
483

86
91
25
413

72
92
28
320

EBITDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

$     

1,496

$     

1,512

$     

1,480

$     

1,290

$     

1,098

Note: The term "GAAP" in the following explanation refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

(1)

EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) is considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by SEC
Regulation G. We consider EBITDA to be an important measure of our financial performance and of our ability to generate cash flows to
service debt, fund capital expenditures and fund other corporate investing and financing activities. EBITDA is used as the denominator in
the consolidated leverage ratio calculation for covenant purposes under our senior revolving credit facility. EBITDA eliminates the non-
cash effect of tangible asset depreciation and amortization and intangible asset amortization. EBITDA should be considered in addition to,
rather than as a substitute for, pre-tax income, net income and cash flows from operating activities.

106

            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
          
          
          
          
          
                                                        
Corporate Leadership

Management Team 

Board of Directors 

Contact Information 

Tim Hockey
President & Chief Executive Officer

Joseph H. Moglia
Chairman

Prashant Bhatia
Managing Director, Corporate Strategy & 
Business Development

Bharat B. Masrani
Vice Chairman

Tim Hockey
President & Chief Executive Officer

Lorenzo A. Bettino

V. Ann Hailey

Brian M. Levitt

Karen E. Maidment

Irene R. Miller

Mark L. Mitchell

Wilbur J. Prezzano

Todd M. Ricketts

Allan R. Tessler

Stephen J. Boyle
Executive Vice President,  
Chief Financial Officer

J. Thomas Bradley
President, Retail Distribution

Karen Ganzlin
Executive Vice President,  
Chief Human Resources Officer

David R. Kimm
Executive Vice President,  
Chief Risk Officer

Ellen L. S. Koplow
Executive Vice President,  
General Counsel & Secretary

Thomas A. Nally
President, TD Ameritrade Institutional

Steven Quirk
Executive Vice President,  
Trading & Education

Vijay P. Sankaran
Managing Director,  
Chief Information Officer

Corporate Headquarters 
200 South 108th Avenue  
Omaha, NE 68154 

Mailing Address  
P.O. Box 3288  
Omaha, NE 68103-0288 

Investor Relations  
www.amtd.com 

Common Stock  
The common stock of TD Ameritrade 
Holding Corporation is listed on the 
Nasdaq Global Select Market under the 
symbol AMTD. 

Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm  
Ernst & Young LLP 
155 N. Wacker Drive,  
Chicago, IL 60606 

Send Certificates for Transfer and 
Address Changes to:  
TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation 
C/O Computershare Shareowner 
Services 
211 Quality Circle
Suite 210
College Station, Texas 77845

1-877-889-1984 
www.computershare.com/investor 

E-mail for Transfer Agent 
https://www-us.computershare.com/
investor/contact/enquiry

Essential Portfolios and Selective Portfolios are advisory services provided by TD Ameritrade Investment Management, LLC, a registered investment advisor. TD Ameritrade 
Investment Management provides discretionary advisory services for a fee. Risks applicable to any portfolio are those associated with its underlying securities. For more information, 
please see the Disclosure Brochure (ADV Part 2) http://www.tdameritrade.com/forms/TDA4855.pdf.

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (NASDAQ: AMTD). Brokerage services provided by TD Ameritrade, Inc. member FINRA/SIPC. TD Ameritrade is a trademark jointly owned by  
TD Ameritrade IP Company, Inc. and The Toronto-Dominion Bank. ©2017 TD Ameritrade. 

Corporate Headquarters
TD Ameritrade  
200 South 108th Avenue  
Omaha, NE 68154

www.amtd.com
@TDAmeritradePR