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Tengasco, Inc.

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FY2017 Annual Report · Tengasco, Inc.
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UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 

REPORT ON FORM 10-K 

(Mark one) 
 Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2017 or 

 Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from 
__________ to __________. 

Commission File No. 1-15555 

TENGASCO, INC. 

(name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(state or other jurisdiction of 
Incorporation or organization) 
8000 E. Maplewood Ave., Suite 130, 
Greenwood Village, CO 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 

87-0267438 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 

80111 
(Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (720) 420-4460. 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None. 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $.001 par value per share. 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined by Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   Yes     No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   Yes     No  

Indicated by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has 
been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes     No  

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive 
Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files)   Yes     No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this Chapter) is not 
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements 
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting 
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the 
Exchange Act. 

Large Accelerated Filer    
Non-accelerated Filer    
(Do not check if a Smaller Reporting Company) 

Accelerated Filer    
Smaller Reporting Company   
Emerging growth company  ☐ 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the 
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period 
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting 
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange 
Act  ☐ 

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes     No  

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which 
the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s 
most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $3.5 million (June 30, 2017 closing price $0.68). 

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The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s $.001 par value common stock as of the close of business on March 26, 2018 was 
10,624,493. 

PART I 

Page 

Table of Contents 

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Business  

Item 1. 
Item 1A.  Risk Factors  
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments  
Item 2. 
Item 3. 
Item 4. 

Properties 
Legal Proceedings  
Mine Safety Disclosures  

PART II 

Item 5. 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases 
of Equity Securities  
Selected Financial Data  
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  

Item 6. 
Item 7. 
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk  
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  
Item 8. 
Item 9. 
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure  
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures 
Item 9B.  Other Information  

PART III 

Item 10. 
Item 11. 
Item 12. 

Item 13. 
Item 14. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance  
Executive Compensation  
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholders 
Matters  
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence  
Principal Accounting Fees and Services  

PART IV 

Item 15. 

Exhibits, Financial Statement and Schedules  

SIGNATURES   

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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS 

The information contained in this Report, in certain instances, includes forward-looking statements within the meaning 
of  applicable  securities  laws.   Forward-looking  statements  include  statements  regarding  the  Company’s  “expectations,” 
“anticipations,” “intentions,” “beliefs,” or “strategies” or any similar word or phrase regarding the future.  Forward-looking 
statements also include statements regarding revenue margins, expenses, and earnings analysis for 2017 and thereafter; oil and 
gas  prices;  exploration  activities;  development  expenditures;  costs  of  regulatory  compliance;  environmental  matters; 
technological developments; future products or product development; the Company’s products and distribution development 
strategies;  potential  acquisitions  or  strategic  alliances;  liquidity  and  anticipated  cash  needs  and  availability;  prospects  for 
success of capital raising activities; prospects or the market for or price of the Company’s common stock; and control of the 
Company.  All forward-looking statements are based on information available to the Company as of the date hereof, and the 
Company assumes no obligation to update any such forward-looking statement.  The Company’s actual results could differ 
materially from the forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could cause results to differ materially are the factors 
discussed in “Risk Factors” below in Item 1A of this Report. 

Projecting the effects of commodity prices, which in past years have been extremely volatile, on production and timing 
of development expenditures includes many factors beyond the Company’s control.  The future estimates of net cash flows 
from the Company’s proved reserves and their present value are based upon various assumptions about future production levels, 
prices, and costs that may prove to be incorrect over time.  Any significant variance from assumptions could result in the actual 
future net cash flows being materially different from the estimates. 

GLOSSARY OF OIL AND GAS TERMS 

The following are abbreviations and definitions of certain terms commonly used in the oil and gas industry and this 

document: 

Bbl. One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in reference to oil or other liquid hydrocarbons. 

Bcf. One billion cubic feet of gas. 

BOE. One stock tank barrel equivalent of oil, calculated by converting gas volumes to equivalent oil barrels at a ratio of 6 
thousand cubic feet of gas to 1 barrel of oil. 

BOPD. Barrels of oil per day. 

Btu. British thermal unit. One British thermal unit is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water 
by one degree Fahrenheit. 

Developed  oil  and  gas  reserves.  Developed  oil  and  gas  reserves  are  reserves  of  any  category  that  can  be  expected  to  be 
recovered:  (i)  through  existing  wells  with  existing  equipment  and  operating  methods  or  in  which  the  cost  of  the  required 
equipment  is  relatively  minor  compared  to  the  cost  of  a  new  well;  and  (ii)  through  installed  extraction  equipment  and 
infrastructure operational at the time of the reserves estimate if the extraction is by means not involving a well. 

Development  project.  A  development  project  is  the  means  by  which  petroleum  resources  are  brought  to  the  status  of 
economically  producible.  As  examples,  the  development  of  a  single  reservoir  or  field,  an  incremental  development  in  a 
producing field or the integrated development of a group of several fields and associated facilities with a common ownership 
may constitute a development project. 

Development well. A well drilled within the proved area of an oil or gas reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known 
to be productive. 

Differential. An adjustment to the price of oil or gas from an established spot market price to reflect differences in the quality 
and/or location of oil or gas. 

Economically producible. The term economically producible, as it relates to a resource, means a resource which generates 
revenue that exceeds, or is reasonably expected to exceed, the costs of the operation. The value of the products that generate 
revenue shall be determined at the terminal point of oil and gas producing activities. The terminal point is generally regarded 
as the outlet valve on the lease or field storage tank. 

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Estimated  ultimate  recovery  (EUR).  Estimated  ultimate  recovery  is  the  sum  of  reserves  remaining  as  of  a  given  date  and 
cumulative production as of that date, 

Exploratory well. A well drilled to find a new field or to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive of 
oil or gas in another reservoir. Generally, an exploratory well is any well that is not a development well, an extension well, a 
service well or a stratigraphic test well. 

Farmout. An assignment of an interest in a drilling location and related acreage conditional upon the drilling of a well on that 
location. 

Gas. Natural gas. 

MBbl. One thousand barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons. 

MBOE. One thousand BOE. 

Mcf. One thousand cubic feet of gas. 

Mcfd. One thousand cubic feet of gas per day 

MMcfe. One million cubic feet of gas equivalent. 

MMBOE. One million BOE. 

MMBtu. One million British thermal units. 

MMcf. One million cubic feet of gas. 

NYMEX. New York Mercantile Exchange. 

Oil. Crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids. 

Operator. The individual or company responsible for the exploration and/or production of an oil or gas well or lease. 

Play. A geographic area with hydrocarbon potential. 

Polymer. The purpose of the polymer gel treatment is to reduce excessive water production and increase oil or gas production 
from wells that produce from water-drive reservoirs. These wells are typically produced from naturally fractured carbonate 
reservoirs such as dolomites and limestone in mature fields. Successful treatments are also run in certain types of sandstone 
reservoirs. Other practical applications of polymer gels include the treatment of waterflood injection wells to correct channeling 
or change the injection profile, to improve the ability of the injected fluids to sweep the producing wells in the field, making 
the waterflood more efficient and allowing the operator to recover more oil in a shorter period of time. 

Proved oil and gas reserves. Proved oil and gas reserves are those quantities of oil and gas, which, by analysis of geoscience 
and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward, 
from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations prior to the 
time  at  which  contracts  providing  the  right  to  operate  expire,  unless  evidence  indicates  that  renewal  is  reasonably  certain, 
regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for estimation. The project to extract the hydrocarbons 
must have commenced, or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project, within a reasonable time. 

The area of the reservoir considered as proved includes all of the following: (i) the area identified by drilling and limited by 
fluid contacts, if any; and (ii) adjacent undrilled portions of the reservoir that can, with reasonable certainty, be judged to be 
continuous with it and to contain economically producible oil and gas on the basis of available geoscience and engineering 
data. 

In the absence of data on fluid contacts, proved quantities in a reservoir are limited by the lowest known hydrocarbons as seen 
in a  well penetration unless geoscience, engineering, or performance data and reliable technology establish a lower contact 
with reasonable certainty. 

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Where  direct  observation  from  well  penetrations  has  defined  a  highest  known  oil  elevation  and  the  potential  exists  for  an 
associated gas cap, proved oil reserves may be assigned in the structurally higher portions of the reservoir only if  geoscience, 
engineering, or performance data and reliable technology establish the higher contact with reasonable certainty. 

Reserves which can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques (including, but not limited 
to, fluid injection) are included in the proved classification  when: (i) successful testing by a pilot project in an area of the 
reservoir  with  properties  no  more  favorable  than  in  the  reservoir  as  a  whole,  the  operation  of  an  installed  program  in  the 
reservoir  or  an  analogous  reservoir  or  other  evidence  using  reliable  technology  establishes  the  reasonable  certainty  of  the 
engineering analysis on which the project or program was based; and (ii) the project has been approved for development by all 
necessary parties and entities, including governmental entities. 

Existing economic conditions include prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. 
The price shall be the average price during the twelve-month period prior to the ending date of the period covered by the report, 
determined as an unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period, unless 
prices are defined by contractual arrangements, excluding escalations based upon future conditions. 

Proved  reserve  additions.  The  sum  of  additions  to  proved  reserves  from  extensions,  discoveries,  improved  recovery, 
acquisitions, and revisions of previous estimates. 

Reserves. Reserves are estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically 
producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations. In addition, there must exist, 
or there must be a reasonable expectation that there will exist, the legal right to produce or a revenue interest in the production, 
installed means of delivering oil and gas or related substances to market and all permits and financing required to implement 
the project.  Reserves  should  not be assigned to adjacent reservoirs isolated by  major, potentially sealing,  faults  until those 
reservoirs are penetrated and evaluated as economically producible. Reserves should not be assigned to areas that are clearly 
separated from a known accumulation by a non-productive reservoir (i.e., absence of reservoir, structurally low reservoir or 
negative test results). Such areas may contain prospective resources (i.e., potentially recoverable resources from undiscovered 
accumulations). 

Reserve  additions.  Changes  in  proved  reserves  due  to  revisions  of  previous  estimates,  extensions,  discoveries,  improved 
recovery and other additions and purchases of reserves in-place. 

Reserve life. A measure of the productive life of an oil or gas property or a group of properties, expressed in years. 

Royalty interest. An interest in an oil and gas lease that gives the owner of the interest the right to receive a portion of the 
production from the leased acreage (or of the proceeds of the sale thereof), but generally does not require the owner to pay any 
portion of the costs of drilling or operating the  wells on the leased acreage. Royalties  may be either landowner's royalties, 
which are reserved by the owner of the leased acreage at the time the lease is granted, or overriding royalties, which are usually 
reserved by an owner of the leasehold in connection with a transfer to a subsequent owner. 

Standardized measure. The present value, discounted at 10% per year, of estimated future net revenues from the production 
of proved reserves, computed by applying sales prices used in estimating proved oil and gas reserves to the year-end quantities 
of those reserves in effect as of the dates of such estimates and held constant throughout the productive life of the reserves and 
deducting the estimated future costs to be incurred in developing, producing, and abandoning the proved reserves (computed 
based on year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions). Future income taxes are calculated by 
applying the appropriate year-end statutory federal and state income tax rates with consideration of future tax rates already 
legislated,  to  pre-tax  future  net  cash  flows,  net  of  the  tax  basis  of  the  properties  involved  and  utilization  of  available  tax 
carryforwards related to proved oil and gas reserves. 

SWD. Salt water disposal well. 

Undeveloped  oil  and  gas  reserves.  Undeveloped  oil  and  gas  reserves  are  reserves  of  any  category  that  are  expected  to  be 
recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for 
recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those directly offsetting development spacing areas that are 
reasonably  certain  of  production  when  drilled,  unless  evidence  using  reliable  technology  exists  that  establishes  reasonable 
certainty of economic producibility at greater distances. 

Undrilled locations can be classified as having undeveloped reserves only if a development plan has been adopted indicating 
that  they  are  scheduled  to  be  drilled  within  five  years,  unless  the  specific  circumstances  justify  a  longer  time.  Under  no 

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circumstances shall estimates for undeveloped reserves be attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection 
or other improved recovery technique is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual projects in 
the same reservoir or an analogous reservoir, or by other evidence using reliable technology establishing reasonable certainty. 

Waterflood.  A method of secondary recovery in which water is injected into the reservoir formation to displace residual oil. 
The water from injection wells physically sweeps the displaced oil to adjacent production wells. 

Working interest. An interest in an oil and gas lease that gives the owner of the interest the right to drill for and produce oil 
and gas from the leased acreage and requires the owner to pay a share of the costs of drilling and production operations. 

References herein to the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” mean Tengasco, Inc. 

PART I 

ITEM 1.      BUSINESS. 

History of the Company 

The Company was initially organized in Utah in 1916 under a name later changed to Onasco Companies, Inc.  In 
1995, the Company changed its name from Onasco Companies, Inc. by merging into Tengasco, Inc., a Tennessee corporation, 
formed by the Company solely for this purpose.  On June 11, 2011, the stockholders of the Company approved an Agreement 
and Plan of Merger which provided for the merger of the Company into a wholly-owned subsidiary formed in Delaware for 
the purpose of changing the Company’s state of incorporation from Tennessee to Delaware. The Company is now a Delaware 
corporation. 

OVERVIEW 

The Company is in the business of exploration for and production of oil and natural gas.  The Company’s primary 

area of exploration and production is in Kansas.  

The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Tengasco Pipeline Corporation  (“TPC”) owned and operated a pipeline 
which it constructed to transport natural gas from the Company’s Swan Creek Field to customers in Kingsport, Tennessee.  The 
Company sold all its pipeline assets on August 16, 2013. 

The  Company’s  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Manufactured  Methane  Corporation  (“MMC”)  operated  treatment  and 
delivery facilities in Church Hill, Tennessee for the extraction of methane gas from a landfill for eventual sale as natural gas or 
for the generation of electricity.  The Company sold all its methane facility assets, except the applicable U.S. patent, on January 
26, 2018. 

General 

1. The Kansas Properties 

The Company’s operated properties in Kansas are located in central Kansas and as of December 31, 2017 include 175 
producing  oil  wells,  20  shut-in  wells,  and  38  active  disposal  wells  (the  “Kansas  Properties”).   The  Company  has  onsite 
production management and field personnel working out of the Hays, Kansas office. 

The leases for the Kansas Properties provide for a landowner royalty of 12.5%.  Some wells are subject to an overriding 
royalty interest from 0.5% to 9%.  The Company maintains a 100% working interest in most of its wells and undrilled acreage 
in Kansas. 

During 2017, the Company participated in drilling one non-operated well which was completed as a producing well.  
All of the Company’s current reserve value, production, oil and gas revenue, and future development objectives result from the 
Company’s ongoing interest in Kansas.  By using 3-D seismic evaluation on the Company’s existing locations, the Company 
has historically added proven direct offset locations. 

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A.  Kansas Production 

The Company’s gross operated oil production in Kansas decreased by 10 MBbl from 132 MBbl in 2016 to 122 MBbl 
in  2017.   This  decrease  was  primarily  the  result  of  natural  declines  during  2017.    The  capital  projects  undertaken  by  the 
Company in 2017 were primarily funded by cash flow. 

B.  Kansas Ten Well Drilling Program 

On  September  17,  2007,  the  Company  entered  into  a  ten  well  drilling  program  with  Hoactzin  Partners,  L.P. 
(“Hoactzin”),  consisting  of  wells  to  be  drilled  on  the  Company’s  Kansas  Properties  (the  “Program”).  Peter  E.  Salas,  the 
Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, is the controlling person of Hoactzin and of Dolphin Offshore Partners, 
L.P., the Company’s largest shareholder.  The terms of the Program also provided that Hoactzin would receive all the working 
interest in the producing wells, and would pay an initial fee to the Company of 25% of its working interest revenues net of 
operating expenses as a management fee.  The fee paid to the Company increased from 25% to 85% in February 2014. 

In 2017, the wells from the Program produced total gross production of  8.9 MBbl of which the revenues from 6.6 
MBbl were net to the Company.  During the 4th quarter of 2017, total gross production from these wells averaged approximately 
23 barrels per day, of which the revenues from approximately 17 barrels per day were net to the Company. 

The reserve information for the parties’ respective Ten Well Program interests as of December 31, 2017 is indicated 
in the table below. These calculations were made using commodity prices based on the twelve month arithmetic average of the 
first day of the month price for the period January through December 2017 as required by SEC regulations. The table below 
reflects values realized at a price of $45.83 per barrel which was used in the December 31, 2017 reserve report.   

Reserve Information for Ten Well Program Interest as of December 31, 2017 

Barrels Attributable to 
Party’s Interest 

Undiscounted Future Net Cash 
Flows Attributable to 
Party’s Interest 

Present Value of Future Net Cash 
Flows Discounted at 10% 
Attributable to Party’s Interest 

MBbl 

(in thousands) 

(in thousands) 

Tengasco 

Hoactzin 

 75.3   $ 

 13.3   $ 

 1,823   $ 

 322   $ 

 853 

 150 

The Hoactzin reserves were estimated based on Tengasco reserves as of December 31, 2017. 

2.  Tennessee Properties 

A.  Oil, Gas, and Pipeline Assets 

In July 1995, the Company acquired the Swan Creek leases and began development of the field.  In 2001, the Company 
completed construction of a 65 mile pipeline from the Swan Creek Field to several meter stations in Kingsport, Tennessee.  
Since that time, the Company evaluated whether continued development would add additional reserves and the likelihood of 
realizing  additional  revenues  from  transportation  of  third  party  gas  through  the  Company’s  pipeline  assets.   The  Company 
determined that existing wells would be able to produce the remaining oil and gas reserves and that the Company was unable 
to attract any additional third party gas without substantial capital investment. 

On August 16, 2013, the Company closed a sale to Swan Creek Partners LLC of all of the Company’s oil and gas 

leases and producing assets in Tennessee as well as all the Company’s pipeline assets for $1.5 million. 

B.  Manufactured Methane Facilities 

On  October  24,  2006,  the  Company  signed  a  twenty-year  Landfill  Gas  Sale  and  Purchase  Agreement  (the 
“Agreement”) with predecessors in interest of Republic Services, Inc. (“Republic”). The Company assigned its interest in the 
Agreement  to  MMC.   The  Agreement  provided  that  MMC  would  purchase  the  entire  naturally  produced  gas  stream  being 

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collected at the Carter Valley municipal solid waste landfill owned and operated by Republic in Church Hill, Tennessee.  The 
Company installed a proprietary combination of advanced gas treatment technology to extract the methane component of the 
purchased gas stream.  (the “Methane Project”). 

MMC  declared  startup  of  commercial  operations  of  the  Methane  Project  on  April  1,  2009.  The  total  cost  for  the 

Methane Project through startup, including pipeline construction, was approximately $4.5 million. 

In April 2011, MMC purchased from Parkway Services Group of Lafayette, Louisiana a Caterpillar genset which was 
delivered in late 2011 and installed at the plant site for generation of electricity.  Total cost of the generator including installation 
and interconnection with the power grid was approximately $1.1 million. 

On  January  25,  2012,  MMC  commenced  sales  of  electricity  generated  at  the  Carter  Valley  site.   The  electricity 
generated was sold under a twenty year firm price contract with Holston Electric Cooperative, Inc., the local distributor, and 
Tennessee  Valley  Authority  (“TVA”)  through  TVA’s  Generation  Partners  program.   That  program  accepted  generated 
renewable power up to 999KW; MMC’s generation equipment is rated at 974 KW to maximize revenues under the favorable 
electricity pricing under the Generation Partners program.  The price provision under this contract paid MMC the current retail 
price charged monthly to small commercial customers by Holston Electric Cooperative, plus a “green” premium of 3 cents per 
kilowatt hour (KWH) or approximately $.129 per KWH.  Beginning in January 2022 the price paid for electricity will no longer 
include the three-cent “green” premium component.  A one-eighth royalty on electricity revenues has been paid to the landfill 
owner. 

On  September  17,  2007,  Hoactzin,  simultaneously  with  subscribing  to  participate  in  the  Ten  Well  Program  (the 
“Program”),  pursuant  to  a  separate  agreement  with  the  Company  was  conveyed  a  75%  net  profits  interest  in  the  Methane 
Project.  Since the start of 2014, there have been no methane gas sales or revenues and consequently no net profits attributable 
to Hoactzin’s net profits interest. 

On  January  26,  2018,  the  Company  closed  a  sale  to  Tennessee  Renewable  Group  LLC  for  all  of  the  Company’s 
Manufactured Methane facilities for $2.65 million.  Hoactzin expressly released all claims in future periods against both the 
Company and Tennessee Renewable Group LLC based on the September 17, 2007 net profits agreement described immediately 
above. 

3.  Other Areas of Development 

Although  focused  on  development  of  its  current  Kansas  holdings,  the  Company  will  continue  to  review  potential 
transactions involving producing properties and undeveloped acreage in Kansas as well as acquisition and drilling opportunities 
in other states. 

Governmental Regulations 

The Company is subject to numerous state and federal regulations, environmental and otherwise, that  may  have a 
substantial  negative  effect  on  its  ability  to  operate  at  a  profit.   For  a  discussion  of  the  risks  involved  as  a  result  of  such 
regulations, see, “Effect of Existing or Probable Governmental Regulations on Business and Costs and Effects of Compliance 
with Environmental Laws” hereinafter in this section. 

Principal Products or Services and Markets 

The principal markets for the Company’s crude oil are local refining companies.  At present, crude oil produced by 
the Company in Kansas is sold at or near the wells to Coffeyville Resources Refining and Marketing, LLC (“Coffeyville”) in 
Kansas City, Kansas and to CHS McPherson Refinery (“CHS”) in McPherson, Kansas.  Both Coffeyville and CHS are solely 
responsible for transportation to their refineries of the oil they purchase.  The Company may sell some or all of its production 
to one or more additional refineries in order to maximize revenues as purchases prices offered by the refineries fluctuate from 
time to time. 

Electricity generated at the Company’s MMC site in Tennessee was sold to Holston Electric Cooperative and TVA. 

Drilling Equipment 

The Company does not currently own a drilling rig or any related drilling equipment.  The Company obtains drilling 

services as required from time to time from various drilling contractors. 

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Distribution Methods of Products or Services 

Crude oil is normally delivered to refineries in Kansas by tank truck.  Electricity generated at the Company’s Methane 

Facility was distributed into the electric grid. 

Competitive Business Conditions, Competitive Position in the Industry and Methods of Competition 

The Company’s contemplated oil and gas exploration activities in the State of Kansas or other states will be undertaken 
in  a  highly  competitive  and  speculative  business  atmosphere.   In  seeking  any  other  suitable  oil  and  gas  properties  for 
acquisition, the Company will  be competing with a number of other companies, including large oil and gas companies and 
other independent operators with greater financial resources.  Management does not believe that the Company’s competitive 
position in the oil and gas industry will be significant as the Company currently exists. 

There are  numerous producers in the  area of the  Kansas Properties.  Some of  these companies are larger than  the 
Company and have greater financial resources.  These companies are in competition with the Company for lease positions in 
the known producing areas in which the Company currently operates, as well as other potential areas of interest. 

Although management does not foresee any difficulties in procuring contracted drilling rigs, several factors, including 
increased competition in the area, may limit the availability of drilling rigs, rig operators and related personnel and/or equipment 
in the future. Such limitations would have a natural adverse impact on the profitability of the Company’s operations. 

The Company anticipates no difficulty in procuring well drilling permits in any state.  The Company generally does 

not apply for a permit until it is actually ready to commence drilling operations. 

The prices of the Company’s products are controlled by the  world oil market.  Thus, competitive pricing behaviors 
are  considered  unlikely;  however,  competition  in  the  oil  and  gas  exploration  industry  exists  in  the  form  of  competition  to 
acquire the most promising acreage blocks and obtaining the most favorable process for transporting the product. 

Sources and Availability of Raw Materials 

Excluding the development of oil and gas reserves and the production of oil and gas, the Company’s operations are 

not dependent on the acquisition of any raw materials. 

Dependence on One or a Few Major Customers 

At present, crude oil from the Kansas Properties is being purchased at the well and trucked by Coffeyville and CHS, 
which are responsible for transportation of the crude oil purchased.  The Company may sell some or all of its production to one 
or more additional refineries in order to maximize revenues as purchase prices offered by the refineries fluctuate from time to 
time. 

Patents, Trademarks, Licenses, Franchises, Concessions, Royalty Agreements or Labor Contracts, Including Duration 

On October 19, 2010, the Company’s subsidiary MMC was granted United States Patent No. 7,815,713 for Landfill 
Gas Purification Method and System, pursuant to application filed January 10, 2007.  The patent term is for twenty years from 
filing date plus adjustment period of 595 days due to the length of the review process resulting in grant of the patent.  The 
patent  is  for  the  process  designed  and  utilized  by  MMC  at  the  Carter  Valley  landfill  facility.   The  patent  may  result  in  a 
competitive advantage to MMC in seeking new projects, and in the receipt of licensing fees for other projects that may be using 
or wish to use the process in the future.  However, the limited number of high Btu projects currently existing and operated by 
others, the variety of processes available for use in high Btu projects, and the effects of current gas markets and decreasing or 
inapplicable  green  energy  incentives  for  such  projects  in  combination  cause  the  materiality  of  any  licensing  opportunity 
presented by the patent to be difficult to determine or estimate, and thus the licensing fees from the patent, if any are received, 
may not be material to the Company’s overall results of operations. 

Need For Governmental Approval of Principal Products or Services 

None of the principal products offered by the Company require governmental approval, although permits are required 

for drilling oil or gas wells. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effect of Existing or Probable Governmental Regulations on Business 

Exploration and production activities relating to oil and gas leases are subject to numerous environmental laws, rules 
and regulations.  The Federal Clean Water Act requires the Company to construct a fresh water containment barrier between 
the surface of each drilling site and the underlying water table.  This involves the insertion of steel casing into each well, with 
cement on the outside of the casing.  The Company has fully complied with this environmental regulation, the cost of which is 
approximately $13,000 per well. 

As part of the Company’s purchase of the Kansas Properties, the Company acquired a statewide permit to drill in 
Kansas.  Applications under such permit are applied for and issued within one to two weeks prior to drilling.  At the present 
time, the State of Kansas does not require the posting of a bond either for permitting or to insure that the Company’s wells are 
properly  plugged  when  abandoned.   All  of  the  wells  in  the  Kansas  Properties  have  all  permits  required  and  the  Company 
believes that it is in compliance with the laws of the State of Kansas. 

The Company’s exploration, production and marketing operations are regulated extensively at the federal, state and 
local levels.  The Company has made and will continue to make expenditures in its efforts to comply with the requirements of 
environmental  and  other  regulations.   Further,  the  oil  and  gas  regulatory  environment  could  change  in  ways  that  might 
substantially increase these costs. These regulations affect the Company’s operations and limit the quantity of hydrocarbons it 
may  produce  and  sell.   Other  regulated  matters  include  marketing,  pricing,  transportation  and  valuation  of  royalty 
payments.  The Company’s operations are also subject to numerous and frequently changing laws and regulations governing 
the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection.  For example, in May 2014 
the Company become subject to regulations under the federal Endangered Species Act relating to the protection of the lesser 
prairie chicken as a threatened species.  To avoid stringent penalties for violation of those regulations, the Company entered 
into a state-operated voluntary agreement avoiding those penalties provided certain protective methods are followed in drilling 
operations and remediation fees are paid by the Company for any wells determined to be likely to interfere with the habitat of 
the threatened species.  These fees may increase the Company’s costs to drill in Kansas by approximately $40,000 per well.  The 
Company owns or leases, and has in the past owned or leased, properties that have been used for the exploration and production 
of  oil  and  gas  and  these  properties  and  the  wastes  disposed  on  these  properties  may  be  subject  to  the  Comprehensive 
Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability  Act,  the  Oil  Pollution  Act  of  1990,  the  Resource  Conservation  and 
Recovery Act, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and analogous state laws.  Under such laws, the Company could be 
required to remove or remediate previously released wastes or property contamination. 

Laws  and  regulations  protecting  the  environment  have  generally  become  more  stringent  and,  may  in  some  cases, 
impose “strict liability” for environmental damage.  Strict liability means that the Company may be held liable for damage 
without regard to whether it was negligent or otherwise at fault.  Environmental laws and regulations may expose the Company 
to liability for the conduct of or conditions caused by others or for acts that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the 
time they were performed.  Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the imposition of administrative, 
civil and criminal penalties. 

While management believes that the Company’s operations are in substantial compliance with existing requirements 
of governmental bodies, the Company’s ability to conduct continued operations is subject to satisfying applicable regulatory 
and permitting controls.  The Company’s current permits and authorizations and ability to get future permits and authorizations 
may be susceptible, on a going forward basis, to increased scrutiny, greater complexity resulting in increased costs or delays 
in receiving appropriate authorizations. 

The Company maintains an Environmental Response Policy and Emergency Action Response Policy Program.  A 
plan  was  adopted  which  provides  for  the  erection  of  signs  at  each  well  containing  telephone  numbers  of  the  Company’s 
office.  A list is maintained at the Company’s office and at the home of key personnel listing phone numbers for fire, police, 
emergency services and Company employees who will be needed to deal with emergencies. 

The foregoing is only a brief summary of some of the existing environmental laws, rules and regulations to which the 
Company’s business operations are subject, and there are many others, the effects of which could have an adverse impact on 
the Company.  Future legislation in this area will be enacted and revisions will be made in current laws.  No assurance can be 
given  as  to  the  effect  these  present  and  future  laws,  rules  and  regulations  will  have  on  the  Company’s  current  and  future 
operations. 

Research and Development 

None. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of Total Employees and Number of Full-Time Employees 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had 14 full time employees and no part-time employees.  These employees are 
located  in  Colorado,  Kansas,  Tennessee,  and  Texas.    At  January  26,  2018,  the  Company  reduced  its  number  of  full  time 
employees to 13 and no longer has any employees in Tennessee.  This employee reduction was a result of the Company selling 
its Manufactured Methane assets located at the Carter Valley landfill in Tennessee.   

Available Information 

The Company is a reporting company, as that term is defined under the Securities Acts, and therefore files reports, 
including Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Annual Reports on Form 10-K such as this Report, proxy information statements 
and  other  materials  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (“SEC”).   You  may  read  and  copy  any  materials  the 
Company files with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington D.C. 20549 upon payment 
of the prescribed fees.  You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-
800-SEC-0330. 

In addition, the Company is an electronic filer and files its Reports and information with the SEC through the SEC’s 
Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system (“EDGAR”).  The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, 
proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically through EDGAR  with the 
SEC, including all of the Company’s filings with the SEC.  These may be read and printed without charge from the SEC’s 
website.  The address of that site is www.sec.gov. 

The Company’s website is located at www.tengasco.com.  On the home page of the website, you may access, free of 
charge,  the  Company’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  Under  the  Investor  Information  /SEC  filings  tab  you  will  find  the 
Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 filings (Form 3, 4 and 5) and any amendments to 
those  reports  as  reasonably  practicable  after  the  Company  electronically  files  such  reports  with  the  SEC.  The  information 
contained on the Company’s website is not part of this Report or any other report filed with the SEC. 

ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS 

In addition to the other information included in this Form 10-K, the following risk factors should be considered in 
evaluating the  Company’s business and future prospects.  The risk factors described below are not exhaustive and  you are 
encouraged to perform your own investigation with respect to the Company and its business.  You should also read the other 
information included in this Form 10-K, including the financial statements and related notes. 

The Company’s indebtedness, global recessions, or disruption in the domestic and global financial markets could have 
an adverse effect on the Company’s operating results and financial condition. 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had no outstanding principal amount of indebtedness under its credit facility 
with  Prosperity  Bank.   Although  the  Company  had  no  bank  indebtedness,  should  it  experience  an  increased  level  of 
indebtedness, coupled with domestic and global economic conditions, the associated volatility of energy prices, and the levels 
of disruption and continuing relative illiquidity in the credit markets may, if continued for an extended period, have several 
important and adverse consequences on the Company’s business and operations.  For example, any one or more of these factors 
could  (i)  make  it  difficult  for  the  Company  to  service  or  refinance  its  existing  indebtedness;  (ii)  increase  the  Company’s 
vulnerability  to  additional  adverse  changes  in  economic  and  industry  conditions;  (iii)  require  the  Company  to  dedicate  a 
substantial portion or all of its cash flow from operations and proceeds of any debt or equity issuances or asset sales to pay or 
provide for its indebtedness; (iv) limit the Company’s ability to respond to changes in our businesses and the markets in which 
we  operate;  (v)  place  the  Company  at  a  disadvantage  to  our  competitors  that  are  not  as  highly  leveraged;  or  (vi)  limit  the 
Company’s ability to borrow money or raise equity to fund our working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service 
requirements, investments, general corporate activity or other financing needs.  The Company continues to closely monitor the 
the global financial and credit markets, as well as the significant volatility in the market prices for oil and natural gas.  As these 
events unfold, the Company will continue to evaluate and respond to any impact on Company operations.  The Company has 
and will continue to adjust its drilling plans and capital expenditures as necessary.  However, external financing in the capital 
markets may not be readily available, and without adequate capital resources, the Company’s drilling and other activities may 
be limited and the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.  Additionally, in light of the 
credit  markets  and  the  volatility  in  pricing  for  oil  and  natural  gas,  the  Company’s  ability  to  enter  into  future  beneficial 
relationships with third parties for exploration and production activities may be limited, and as a result, may have an adverse 
effect on current operational strategy and related business initiatives. 

11 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agreements Governing the Company’s Indebtedness may Limit the Company’s Ability to Execute Capital Spending or 
to Respond to Other Initiatives or Opportunities as they May Arise. 

Because the availability of borrowings by the Company under the terms of the Company’s amended and restated credit 
facility  with  Prosperity  Bank  is  subject  to  an  upper  limit  of  the  borrowing  base  as  determined  by  the  lender’s  calculated 
estimated future cash flows from the Company’s oil and natural gas reserves, the Company expects any decline in the pricing 
for these commodities, if continued for any extended period, would very likely result in a reduction in the Company’s borrowing 
base.  A reduction in the Company’s borrowing base could be significant and as a result, would not only reduce the capital 
available to the Company but may also require repayment of principal to the lender under the terms of the facility. Additionally, 
the terms of the Company’s amended and restated credit facility with Prosperity Bank restrict the Company’s ability to incur 
additional debt.  The credit facility contains covenants and other restrictions customary for oil and gas borrowing base credit 
facilities, including limitations on debt, liens, and dividends, voluntary redemptions of debt, investments, and asset sales.  In 
addition,  the  credit  facility  requires  that  the  Company  maintain  compliance  with  certain  financial  tests  and  financial 
covenants.  If future debt financing is not available to the Company when required as a result of limited access to the credit 
markets or otherwise, or is not available on acceptable terms, the Company may be unable to invest needed capital for drilling 
and exploration activities, take advantage of business opportunities, respond to competitive pressures or  refinance maturing 
debt.  In addition, the Company may be forced to sell some of the Company’s assets on an untimely basis or under unfavorable 
terms.  Any of these results could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results and financial condition. 

The Company’s Borrowing Base under its Credit Facility May be Reduced by the Lender. 

The borrowing base under the Company’s revolving credit facility will be determined from time to time by the lender, 
consistent with its customary natural gas and crude oil lending practices.   Reductions in estimates of the Company’s natural 
gas and crude oil reserves could result in a reduction in the Company’s borrowing base, which would reduce the amount of 
financial resources available under the Company’s revolving credit facility to meet its capital requirements. Such a reduction 
could be the result of lower commodity prices or production, inability to drill or unfavorable drilling results, changes in natural 
gas and crude oil reserve engineering, the lender’s inability to agree to an adequate borrowing base or adverse changes in the 
lender’s  practices  regarding  estimation  of  reserves.   If  either  cash  flow  from  operations  or  the  Company’s  borrowing  base 
decreases  for  any  reason,  the  Company’s  ability  to  undertake  exploration  and  development  activities  could  be  adversely 
affected. 

As a result, the Company’s ability to replace production may be limited.  In addition, these adverse conditions could 
lead to non-compliance with certain credit facility covenants, ultimately causing the Company to default under its revolving 
credit facility. 

The Company’s Credit Facility is Subject to Variable Rates of Interest, Which Could Negatively Impact the Company. 

Borrowings under the Company’s credit facility with Prosperity Bank are at variable rates of interest and expose the 
Company  to  interest  rate  risk.   If  interest  rates  increase,  the  Company’s  debt  service  obligations  on  the  variable  rate 
indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, and the Company’s income and cash flows 
would  decrease.   The  Company’s  credit  facility  agreement  contains  certain  financial  covenants  based  on  the  Company’s 
performance.  If the Company’s financial performance results in any of these covenants being violated, Prosperity Bank may 
choose to require repayment of the outstanding borrowings sooner than currently required by the agreement. 

Declines in Oil or Gas Prices Have and Will Materially Adversely Affect the Company’s Revenues. 

The Company’s financial condition and results of operations depend in large part upon the prices obtainable for the 
Company’s oil and natural gas production and the costs of finding, acquiring, developing and producing reserves.  As seen in 
recent  years,  prices  for  oil  and  natural  gas  are  subject  to  extreme  fluctuations  in  response  to  changes  in  supply,  market 
uncertainty and a variety of additional factors that are beyond the Company’s control.  These factors include worldwide political 
instability (especially in the Middle East and other oil producing regions), the foreign supply of oil and gas, the price of foreign 
imports, the level of drilling activity, the level of consumer product demand, government regulations and taxes, the price and 
availability of alternative fuels, speculating activities in the commodities markets, and the overall economic environment.  The 
Company’s  operations  are  substantially  adversely  impacted  as  oil  prices  decline.   Lower  prices  dramatically  affect  the 
Company’s revenues from its drilling operations.  Further, drilling of new wells, development of the Company’s leases and 
acquisitions of new properties are also adversely affected and limited.   As a result, the Company’s potential revenues from 
operations as well as the Company’s proved reserves may substantially decrease from levels achieved during the period when 
oil prices were much higher.  There can be no assurances as to the future prices of oil or gas.  A substantial or extended decline 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
in oil or gas prices would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, quantities 
of oil and gas that may be economically produced, and access to capital.  Oil and natural gas prices have historically been and 
are likely to continue to be volatile. 

This volatility makes it difficult to estimate with precision the value of producing properties in acquisitions and to 
budget and project the return on exploration and development projects involving the Company’s oil and gas properties.  In 
addition, unusually volatile prices often disrupt the market for oil and gas properties, as buyers and sellers have more difficulty 
agreeing on the purchase price of properties. 

Risk in Rates of Oil and Gas Production, Development Expenditures, and Cash Flows May Have a Substantial Impact 
on the Company’s Finances. 

Projecting  the  effects  of  commodity  prices  on  production,  and  timing  of  development  expenditures  include  many 
factors beyond the Company’s control.  The future estimates of net cash flows from the Company’s proved and other reserves 
and their present value are based upon various assumptions about future production levels, prices, and costs that may prove to 
be  incorrect  over  time.   Any  significant  variance  from  assumptions  could  result  in  the  actual  future  net  cash  flows  being 
materially different from the estimates, which would have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position. 

The Company Has a History of Significant Losses. 

During the early stages of the development of its oil and gas business, the Company had a history of significant losses 
from operations, in particular its development of the Swan Creek Field and the Company’s pipeline assets.  In addition, the 
Company has recorded an impairment of its oil and gas properties during 2008, 2015, and 2016, impairments of its pipeline 
assets during 2010 and 2012, and an impairment of its methane facility in 2014.  As of December 31, 2017, the Company has 
an accumulated deficit of $53.1 million.  The Company recorded net losses of $2.0 million in 2009, $1.7 million in 2010, $0.1 
million in 2012, $0.8 million in 2014, $24.7 million in 2015, $4.2 million in 2016, and $0.6 million in 2017.  In the event the 
Company experiences losses in the future, those losses may curtail the Company’s development and operating activities. 

The Company’s Oil and Gas Operations Involve Substantial Cost and are Subject to Various Economic Risks. 

The  Company’s  oil  and  gas  operations  are  subject  to  the  economic  risks  typically  associated  with  exploration, 
development, and production activities, including the necessity of making significant expenditures to locate or acquire new 
producing properties or to drill exploratory and developmental wells.  In conducting exploration and development activities, 
the presence of unanticipated pressure or irregularities in formations, miscalculations, and accidents may cause the Company’s 
exploration,  development,  and  production  activities  to  be  unsuccessful.   This  could  result  in  a  total  loss  of  the  Company’s 
investment in such well(s) or property.  In addition, the cost of drilling, completing and operating wells is often uncertain. 

The Company’s Failure to Find or Acquire Additional Reserves Will Result in the Decline of the Company’s Reserves 
Materially From Their Current Levels. 

The rate of production from the Company’s Kansas oil properties generally declines as reserves are depleted.  Except 
to the extent that the Company either acquires additional properties containing proved reserves, conducts successful exploration 
and development drilling, or successfully applies  new technologies or identifies additional behind-pipe zones or secondary 
recovery reserves, the Company’s proved reserves will decline materially as production from these properties continues.  The 
Company’s future oil and natural gas production is consequently highly dependent upon the level of success in acquiring or 
finding additional reserves or other alternative sources of production.  Any decline in oil prices and any prolonged period of 
lower  prices  will  adversely  impact  the  Company’s  future  reserves  since  the  Company  is  less  likely  to  acquire  additional 
producing properties during such periods.  The lower oil prices may have a negative effect on new drilling and development as 
such  activities  become  far  less  likely  to  be  profitable.   Thus,  any  acquisition  of  new  properties  poses  a  greater  risk  to  the 
Company’s financial conditions as such acquisitions may be commercially unreasonable. 

In addition, the Company’s drilling for oil and natural gas may involve unprofitable efforts not only from dry wells 
but also from wells that are productive but do not produce sufficient volumes to be commercially profitable after deducting 
drilling, operating, and other costs.  Also, wells that are profitable may not achieve a targeted rate of return.  The Company 
relies on seismic data and other technologies in identifying prospects and in conducting exploration activities.  The seismic 
data and other technologies used do not allow the Company to know conclusively prior to drilling a well whether oil or natural 
gas is present or may be produced economically. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  ultimate  costs  of  drilling,  completing,  and  operating  a  well  can  adversely  affect  the  economics  of  a 
project.  Further drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of numerous factors, including unexpected 
drilling  conditions,  title  problems,  pressure  or  irregularities  in  formations,  equipment  failures,  accidents,  adverse  weather 
conditions, environmental and other governmental requirements and the cost of, or shortages or delays in the availability of 
drilling rigs, equipment, and services. 

The Company’s Reserve Estimates May Be Subject to Other Material Downward Revisions. 

The Company’s oil and natural gas reserve estimates may be subject to material downward revisions for additional 
reasons  other  than  the  factors  mentioned  in  the  previous  risk  factor  entitled  “The  Company’s  Failure  to  Find  or  Acquire 
Additional Reserves Will Result in the Decline of the Company’s Reserves Materially from their Current Levels.”  While the 
future estimates of net cash flows from the Company’s proved reserves and their present value are based upon assumptions 
about future production levels, prices, and costs that may prove to be incorrect over time, those same assumptions, whether or 
not they prove to be correct, may cause the Company to make drilling or developmental decisions that will result in some or 
all of the Company’s proved reserves to be removed from time to time from the proved reserve categories previously reported 
by the Company. 

This  may occur because economic expectations or forecasts, together  with  the Company’s limited resources,  may 
cause the Company to determine that drilling or development of certain of its properties may be delayed or may not foreseeably 
occur, and as a result of such decisions any category of proved reserves relating to those yet undrilled or undeveloped properties 
may be removed from the Company’s reported proved reserves.  Consequently, the Company’s proved reserves of oil may be 
materially revised downward from time to time. 

In addition, the Company may elect to sell some or all of its oil or gas reserves in the normal course of the Company’s 
business.  Any such sale would result in all categories of those proved oil or gas reserves that were sold no longer being reported 
by the Company. 

There is Risk That the Company May Be Required to Write Down the Carrying Value of its Natural Gas and Crude 
Oil Properties. 

The  Company  uses  the  full  cost  method  to  account  for  its  natural  gas  and  crude  oil  operations.   Accordingly,  the 
Company  capitalizes  the  cost  to  acquire,  explore  for  and  develop  natural  gas  and  crude  oil  properties.   Under  full  cost 
accounting rules, the net capitalized cost of natural gas and crude oil properties and related deferred income tax if any may not 
exceed  a  “ceiling  limit”  which  is  based  upon  the  present  value  of  estimated  future  net  cash  flows  from  proved  reserves, 
discounted  at  10%,  plus  cost  of  properties  not  being  amortized  and  the  lower  of  cost  or  estimated  fair  value  of  unproven 
properties included in the cost being amortized.  If net capitalized cost of natural gas and crude oil properties exceeds the ceiling 
limit, the Company must charge the amount of the excess, net of any tax effects, to earnings.  This charge does not impact cash 
flow from operating activities, but does reduce the Company’s stockholders’ equity and earnings.  The risk that the Company 
will be required to write-down the carrying value of natural gas and crude oil properties increases when natural gas and crude 
oil prices are low.  In addition, write-downs may occur if the Company experiences substantial downward adjustments to its 
estimated proved reserves.  An expense recorded in a period may not be reversed in a subsequent period even though higher 
natural gas and crude oil prices may have increased the ceiling applicable to the subsequent period. 

Due  to  the  low  oil  prices  experienced  since  the  quarter  ended  September  30,  2014,  during  2015  the  Company 
experienced ceiling test failures resulting in recording non-cash impairments of $14.5 million.  During 2016, the Company 
recorded ceiling test failures resulting in recording non-cash impairment of $2.7 million.  Should prices continue at depressed 
levels during future periods, the Company may be required to record additional impairment of its oil properties. 

Use of the Company’s Net Operating Loss Carryforwards May Be Limited. 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had, subject to the limitations discussed in this risk factor, substantial amounts 
of net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes.  These loss carryforwards will eventually 
expire if not utilized.  In addition, as to a portion of the U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, the amount of such carryforwards 
that  the  Company  can  use  annually  is  limited  under  U.S.  tax  laws.   Uncertainties  exist  as  to  both  the  calculation  of  the 
appropriate deferred tax assets based upon the existence of these loss carryforwards, as well as the  future  utilization of the 
operating loss carryforwards under the criteria set forth under FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes. In addition, limitations exist 
upon use of these carryforwards in the event that a change in control of the Company occurs.  There are risks that the Company 
may not be able to utilize some or all of the remaining carryforwards, or that deferred tax assets that were previously booked 
based upon such carryforwards may be written down or reversed based on future economic factors that may be experienced by 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the  Company.   The  effect  of  such  write  downs  or  reversals,  if  they  occur,  may  be  material  and  substantially  adverse.    At 
December 31, 2017, federal net operating loss carryforwards amounted to approximately $30.2 million which expire between 
2019 and 2036. The total net deferred tax asset was $242,000 at December 31, 2017 and $0 at 2016.  In 2017, The Company 
released a portion of the allowance related to the Company’s Minimum Tax Credit (“MTC”) as a result of the 2017 Tax Act.  
The Company recorded an allowance on the remaining deferred tax asset at December 31, 2017 primarily due to cumulative 
losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 31, 2017.  The Company recorded a full allowance against the deferred tax 
asset at December 31, 2016 primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 31, 2016. 

Shortages of Oil Field Equipment, Services or Qualified Personnel Could Adversely Affect the Company’s Results of 
Operations. 

The  demand  for  qualified  and  experienced  field  personnel  to  drill  wells  and  conduct  field  operations,  geologists, 
geophysicists,  engineers,  and  other  professionals  in  the  oil  and  natural  gas  industry  can  fluctuate  significantly,  often  in 
correlation with oil and natural gas prices, causing periodic shortages.  The Company does not own any drilling rigs and is 
dependent upon third parties to obtain and provide such equipment as needed for the Company’s drilling activities.  There have 
also been shortages of drilling rigs and other equipment when oil prices have risen.  As prices increased, the demand for rigs 
and equipment increased along with the number of wells being drilled.  These factors also cause significant increases in costs 
for equipment, services and personnel.  These shortages or price increases could adversely affect the Company’s profit margin, 
cash flow, and operating results or restrict the Company’s ability to drill wells and conduct ordinary operations. 

The Company has Significant Costs to Conform to Government Regulation of the Oil and Gas Industry. 

The Company’s exploration, production, and marketing operations are regulated extensively at the federal, state and 
local levels.  The Company is currently in compliance with these regulations.  In order to maintain its compliance, the Company 
has made and will continue to make substantial expenditures in its efforts to comply with the requirements of environmental 
and other regulations.  Further, the oil and gas regulatory environment could change in ways that might substantially increase 
these  costs.   Hydrocarbon-producing  states  regulate  conservation  practices  and  the  protection  of  correlative  rights.   These 
regulations affect the Company’s operations and limit the quantity of hydrocarbons it may produce and sell.  Other regulated 
matters include marketing, pricing, transportation and valuation of royalty payments. 

The Company has Significant Costs Related to Environmental Matters. 

The Company’s operations are also subject to numerous and frequently changing laws and regulations governing the 
discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection.  The Company owns or leases, 
and has owned or leased, properties that have been leased for the exploration and production of oil and gas and these properties 
and the wastes disposed on these properties may be subject to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and 
Liability Act, the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the federal Water Pollution Control 
Act, the federal Endangered Species Act, and similar state laws.  Under such laws, the Company could be required to remove 
or remediate wastes or property contamination. 

Laws  and  regulations  protecting  the  environment  have  generally  become  more  stringent  and,  may  in  some  cases, 
impose “strict liability” for environmental damage.  Strict liability means that the Company may be held liable for damage 
without regard to whether it was negligent or otherwise at fault.  Environmental laws and regulations may expose the Company 
to liability for the conduct of or conditions caused by others or for acts that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the 
time they were performed.  Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the imposition of administrative, 
civil and criminal penalties. 

The Company’s ability to conduct continued operations is subject to satisfying applicable regulatory and permitting 
controls.   The  Company’s  current  permits  and  authorizations  and  ability  to  get  future  permits  and  authorizations  may  be 
susceptible, on a going forward basis, to increased scrutiny, greater complexity resulting in increased cost or delays in receiving 
appropriate authorizations. 

Insurance Does Not Cover All Risks. 

Exploration for and development and production of oil can be hazardous, involving unforeseen occurrences such as 
blowouts, fires, and loss of well control, which can result in damage to or destruction of wells or production facilities, injury 
to persons, loss of life or damage to property or to the environment.  Although the Company maintains insurance against certain 
losses or liabilities arising from its operations in accordance with customary industry practices and in amounts that management 
believes to be prudent, insurance is not available to the Company against all operational risks. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company’s  Methane  Extraction  Operation  from  Non-conventional  Reserves  Involves  Substantial  Costs  and  is 
Subject to Various Economic, Operational, and Regulatory Risks. 

The  Company’s  operations  in  any  future  project  involving  the  extraction  of  methane  gas  from  non-conventional 
reserves  such  as  landfill  gas  streams,  would  require  investment  of  substantial  capital  and  is  subject  to  the  risks  typically 
associated with capital intensive operations, including risks associated with the availability of financing for required equipment, 
construction schedules, air and  water environmental permitting, and locating transportation facilities and customers  for the 
products produced from those operations which may delay or prevent startup of such projects.  After startup of commercial 
operations, the presence of unanticipated pressures or irregularities in constituents of the raw materials used in such projects 
from time to time, miscalculations or accidents may cause the Company’s project activities to be unsuccessful.  Although the 
technologies to be utilized in such projects are believed to be effective and economical, there are operational risks in the use of 
such technologies in the combination to be utilized by the Company as a result of both the combination of technologies and the 
early stages of commercial development and use of such technologies for methane extraction from non-conventional sources 
such as those to be used by the Company.  This risk could result in total or partial loss of the Company’s investment in such 
projects.  The economic risks of such projects include the marketing risks resulting from price volatility of the methane gas 
produced from such projects, which is similar to the price volatility of natural gas. 

We  have been granted one U.S.  patent and have been granted a continuation patent application relating to certain 
aspects of our methane extraction technology.  Our ability to license our technology is substantially dependent on the validity 
and enforcement of this patent.  We cannot assure you that our patent will not be invalidated, circumvented or challenged, that 
the rights granted under the patents will provide us competitive advantages.  In addition, third parties may seek to challenge, 
invalidate, circumvent or render unenforceable any patents or proprietary rights owned by or licensed to us based on, among 
other things: subsequently discovered prior art; lack of entitlement to the priority of an earlier, related application; or failure to 
comply with the written description, best mode, enablement or other applicable requirements. If a third party is successful in 
challenging the validity of our patent, our inability to enforce our intellectual property rights could materially harm our methane 
extraction business.  Furthermore, our technology  may be the  subject of claims of intellectual property infringement  in the 
future.  Our technology may not be able to withstand third-party claims or rights against their use. 

Any intellectual property claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, expensive to litigate or settle, could 
divert resources and attention and could require us to obtain a license to use the intellectual property of third parties.  We may 
be unable to obtain licenses from these third parties on favorable terms, if at all.  Even if a license is available, we may have to 
pay substantial royalties to obtain a license.  If we cannot defend such claims or obtain necessary licenses on reasonable terms, 
we  may  be  precluded  from  offering  most  or  all  of  our  technology  and  our  methane  extraction  business  may  be  adversely 
affected. 

The Company Faces Significant Competition with Respect to Acquisitions or Personnel. 

The oil and gas business is highly competitive.  In seeking any suitable oil and gas properties for acquisition, or drilling 
rig operators and related personnel and equipment, the Company is a small entity with limited financial resources and may not 
be able to compete with most other companies, including large oil and gas companies and other independent operators with 
greater financial and technical resources and longer history and experience in property acquisition and operation. 

The Company Depends on Key Personnel, Whom it May Not be Able to Retain or Recruit. 

Certain members of present management and certain Company employees have substantial expertise in the areas of 
endeavor presently conducted and to be engaged in by the Company.  To the extent that their services become unavailable, the 
Company would be required to retain other and additional qualified personnel to perform these services in technical areas upon 
which the Company is dependent to conduct exploration and production activities.  The Company does not know whether it 
would be able to recruit and hire qualified and additional persons upon acceptable terms.  The Company does not maintain 
“Key Person” insurance for any of the Company’s key employees. 

The Company’s Operations are Subject to Changes in the General Economic Conditions. 

Virtually  all  of  the  Company’s  operations  are  subject  to  the  risks  and  uncertainties  of  adverse  changes  in  general 
economic conditions, the outcome of potential legal or regulatory proceedings, changes in environmental, tax, labor and other 
laws and regulations to which the Company is subject, and the condition of the capital markets utilized by the Company to 
finance its operations. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Being a Public Company Significantly Increases the Company’s Administrative Costs. 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and listing requirements 
subsequently adopted by the NYSE American, the exchange on which the Company’s stock is traded, in response to Sarbanes-
Oxley, have  required changes in corporate  governance practices, internal control policies and audit committee practices of 
public companies.  Although the Company is a relatively small public company, these rules, regulations, and requirements for 
the most part apply to the same extent as they apply to all major publicly traded companies. As a result, they have significantly 
increased the Company’s legal, financial, compliance and administrative costs, and have made certain other activities more 
time consuming and costly, as well as requiring substantial time and attention of our senior management.  The Company expects 
its continued compliance with these and future rules and regulations to continue to require significant resources.  These rules 
and regulations also may make it more difficult and more expensive for the Company to obtain director and officer liability 
insurance in the future, and could make it more difficult for it to attract and retain qualified members for the Company’s Board 
of Directors, particularly to serve on its audit committee. 

The Company’s Chairman of the Board Beneficially Controls a Substantial Amount of the Company’s Common Stock 
and Has Significant Influence over the Company’s Business. 

Peter E. Salas, the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, is the sole shareholder and controlling person of 
Dolphin Mgmt. Services, Inc. the  general partner of Dolphin Offshore Partners, L.P. (“Dolphin”), which is the Company’s 
largest  shareholder.   At  March  26,  2018,  Mr.  Salas  individually  and  through  Dolphin  controls  5,292,241  shares  of  the 
Company’s common stock and had options granting him the right to acquire an additional 7,500 shares of common stock.  His 
ownership and voting control of approximately 49.8% of the Company’s common stock gives him significant influence on the 
outcome of corporate transactions or other matters submitted to the Board of Directors or shareholders for approval, including 
mergers, consolidations, and the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets. 

Shares Eligible for Future Sale May Depress the Company’s Stock Price. 

At March 26, 2018, the Company had 10,624,493 shares of common stock outstanding of which  5,439,862 shares 
were held by officers, directors, and affiliates.  In addition, options to purchase 20,625 shares of unissued common stock were 
granted under the Tengasco, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan all of which were vested at March 26, 2018. 

All of the shares of common stock held by affiliates are restricted or controlled securities under Rule 144 promulgated 
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).  The shares of the common stock issuable upon exercise 
of the stock options have been registered under the Securities Act.  Sales of shares of common stock under Rule 144 or another 
exemption under the Securities Act or pursuant to a registration statement could have a material adverse effect on the price of 
the common stock and could impair the Company’s ability to raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities. 

Future Issuance of Additional Shares of the Company’s Common Stock Would Cause Dilution of Ownership Interest 
and Adversely Affect Stock Price. 

The Company may in the future issue previously authorized and unissued securities, resulting in the dilution of the 
ownership interest of its current stockholders.  The Company is currently authorized to issue a total of 100 million shares of 
common stock with such rights as determined by the Board of Directors.  Of that amount, approximately 10.6 million shares 
have  been  issued.  The  potential  issuance  of  the  approximately  89.4  million  remaining  authorized  but  unissued  shares  of 
common stock may create downward pressure on the trading price of the Company’s common stock. 

The Company may also issue additional shares of its common stock or other securities that are convertible into or 
exercisable for common stock for raising capital or other business purposes.  Future sales of substantial amounts of common 
stock, or the perception that sales could occur, could have a material adverse effect on the price of the Company’s common 
stock. 

The Company May Issue Shares of Preferred Stock with Greater Rights than Common Stock. 

Subject to the rules of the NYSE American, the Company’s charter authorizes the Board of Directors to issue one or 
more series of preferred stock and set the terms of the preferred stock without seeking any further approval from holders of the 
Company’s common stock.  Any preferred stock that is issued may rank ahead of the Company’s common stock in terms of 
dividends, priority and liquidation premiums and may have greater voting rights than the Company’s common stock. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

None. 

ITEM 2.      PROPERTIES. 

Property Location, Facilities, Size and Nature of Ownership. 

The Company leases its principal executive offices, consisting of approximately 1,978 square feet located at 8000 E. 
Maplewood  Ave.,  Suite  130,  Greenwood  Village,  Colorado  at  a  current  rental  of  $3,956  per  month,  expiring  in  August 
2020.  The Company also leases an office in Hays, Kansas at a rental of $750 per month that is currently a month to month 
lease. 

The  Company  carries  commercial  insurance  as  well  as  property  insurance  on  its  offices,  vehicles,  and  office 
contents.  The Company also carried property insurance on its methane facility which has been discontinued as a result of the 
sale of this facility in January 2018.  As of December 31, 2017, the Company does not have an interest in producing or non-
producing oil and gas properties in any state other than Kansas. 

Kansas Properties 

The Kansas Properties as of December 31, 2017 contained 14,020 gross acres in central Kansas.  Of these 14,020 

gross acres, 13,860 acres were held by production and 160 acres were undeveloped. 

Many of these leases are still in effect because they are being held by production.  The Kansas leases provide for a 
landowner  royalty  of  12.5%.   Some  wells  are  subject  to  an  overriding  royalty  interest  from  0.5%  to  9%.   The  Company 
maintains a 100% working interest in most of its wells and undrilled acreage in Kansas.  The terms for most of the Company’s 
newer leases in Kansas are from three to five years. 

During 2017, the Company participated in drilling one non-operated well which was completed as a producing well.  
All of the Company’s current reserve value, production, oil and gas revenue, and future development objectives result from the 
Company’s ongoing interest in Kansas.  By using 3-D seismic evaluation on the Company’s existing locations, the Company 
has historically added proven direct offset locations and will continue using 3-D seismic evaluation techniques in the future. 

Reserve and Production Summary 

The following tables indicate the county breakdown of 2017 production and reserve values as of December 31, 2017. 

Production by County 

Area 

Rooks County, KS 

Trego County, KS 

Ellis County, KS 

Barton County, KS 

Graham County, KS 

Russell County, KS 

Rush County, KS 

Osborne County, KS 

Pawnee County, KS 

Stafford County, KS 

Total 

Gross 
Production 
MBOE 

Average Net 
Revenue 
Interest 

Percentage 
of Total Oil 
Production 

 78.6  

 17.7  

 6.3  

 5.9  

 3.8  

 3.1  

 2.2  

 1.6  

 1.4  

 1.1  

 121.7  

 0.820490  

 0.804843  

 0.799657  

 0.816855  

 0.858440  

 0.856006  

 0.860696  

 0.586787  

 0.799977  

 0.716046  

 64.6  % 

 14.5  % 

 5.2  % 

 4.8  % 

 3.1  % 

 2.6  % 

 1.8  % 

 1.3  % 

 1.2  % 

 0.9  % 

 100.0  % 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve Value by County Discounted at 10% (in thousands) 

Area 

Rooks County, KS 

Trego County, KS 

Barton County, KS 

Graham County, KS 

Rush County, KS 

Ellis County, KS 

Russell County, KS 

Osborne County, KS 

Pawnee County, KS 

Stafford County, KS 

Ness County, KS 

Logan County, KS 

Total 

Reserve Analyses 

Proved 

Proved 

Developed 

Undeveloped 

Proved 

Reserves 

  $ 

 5,510   $ 

 23   $ 

 1,299  

 527  

 464  

 144  

 105  

 58  

 19  

 17  

 4  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 5,533  

 1,299  

 527  

 464  

 144  

 105  

 58  

 19  

 17  

 4  

 —  

 —  

% of 

Total 

 67.7  % 

 15.9  % 

 6.5  % 

 5.7  % 

 1.8  % 

 1.3  % 

 0.7  % 

 0.2  % 

 0.2  % 

 —  % 

 —  % 

 —  % 

  $ 

 8,147   $ 

 23   $ 

 8,170  

 100.0  % 

The Company’s estimated total net proved reserves of oil and natural gas as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the 
present values of estimated future net revenues attributable to those reserves as of those dates, are presented in the following 
tables. All of the Company’s reserves were located in the United States. These estimates were prepared by LaRoche Petroleum 
Consultants,  Ltd.  (“LaRoche”)  of  Dallas,  Texas,  and  are  part  of  their  reserve  reports  on  the  Company’s  oil  and  gas 
properties.  LaRoche and its employees and its registered petroleum engineers have no interest in the Company and performed 
those services at their standard rates.  LaRoche’s estimates were based on a review of geologic, economic, ownership, and 
engineering  data  provided  to  them  by  the  Company.   In  accordance  with  SEC  regulations,  no  price  or  cost  escalation  or 
reduction was considered. The technical persons at LaRoche responsible for preparing the Company’s reserve estimates meet 
the requirements regarding qualifications, independence, objectivity, and confidentiality set forth in the standards pertaining to 
the  estimating  and  auditing  of  oil  and  gas  reserves  information  promulgated  by  the  Society  of  Petroleum  Engineers.   Our 
independent third party engineers do not own an interest in any of our properties and are not employed by the Company on a 
contingent basis. 

In substance, the LaRoche Report used estimates of oil and gas reserves based upon standard petroleum engineering 
methods  which  include  production  data,  decline  curve  analysis,  volumetric  calculations,  pressure  history,  analogy,  various 
correlations and technical factors.  Information for this purpose was obtained from owners of interests in the areas involved, 
state regulatory agencies, commercial services, outside operators and files of LaRoche. 

Management has established, and is responsible for, internal controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that 
the estimates of Proved Reserves are computed and reported in accordance with SEC rules and regulations as well as with 
established industry practices.  The Company evaluates reserves on a well by well basis and on a company wide basis.   Prior 
to generation of the annual reserves, management and staff meet with LaRoche to review properties and discuss assumptions 
to be used in the calculation of reserves. Management reviews all information submitted to LaRoche to ensure the accuracy of 
the  data.   Management  also  reviews  the  final  report  from  LaRoche  and  discusses  any  differences  from  Management 
expectations with LaRoche. 

19 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Proved Reserves as of December 31, 2017 

Oil (MBbl) 

Future net cash flows before income taxes  
   discounted at 10% (in thousands) 

Total Proved Reserves as of December 31, 2016 

Producing 

  Non Producing   

Undeveloped 

Total 

 774  

 58  

 38  

 870 

  $ 

 7,065   $ 

 1,082   $ 

 23   $ 

 8,170 

Oil (MBbl) 

Future net cash flows before income taxes  
   discounted at 10% (in thousands) 

Producing 

  Non-producing   

Undeveloped 

Total 

 690  

 40  

 —  

 730 

  $ 

 5,397   $ 

 418   $ 

 —   $ 

 5,815 

Historically, all drilling has primarily been funded by cash flows from operations with supplemental funding provided 

by the Company’s credit facility.  The Company had no Proved Undeveloped Reserves at December 31, 2016. 

The oil price after basis adjustments used in our December 31, 2017 reserve valuation was $45.83 per Bbl compared 
to $37.35 per Bbl used in our December 31, 2016 reserve valuation.  The primary factors causing the increase in proved reserve 
volumes from December 31, 2016 levels were related to increased oil prices. 

The  assumed  prices  used  in  calculating  the  estimated  future  net  revenue  attributable  to  proved  reserves  do  not 
necessarily reflect actual market prices for oil production sold after December 31, 2017.  There can be no assurance that all of 
the estimated proved reserves will be produced and sold at the assumed prices.  Accordingly, the foregoing prices should not 
be interpreted as a prediction of future prices. 

Production 

The following tables summarize for the past three fiscal years the volumes of oil and gas produced from operated 
properties, the Company’s operating costs, and the Company’s average sales prices for its oil and  gas.  The net production 
volumes excluded volumes produced to royalty interest or other parties’ working interest. 

Kansas 

Gross 
Production 

Net 
Production 

Cost of Net 
Production 

Oil 

Gas 

Oil 

Gas 

(MBbl) 

(MMcf) 

(MBbl) 

(MMcf) 

(Per BOE) 

Average Sales Price 

Oil 

(Bbl) 

Gas 

(Per Mcf) 

 122  

 132  

 158  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 99  

 107  

 129  

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 29.77   $ 

 45.43    

 27.82   $ 

 37.53    

 25.67   $ 

 42.66    

 — 

 — 

 — 

Years Ended 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

Oil and Gas Drilling Activities 

During 2017, the Company participated in drilling 1 non-operated well which was completed as a producing well.  All 
of the Company’s current reserve value, production, oil and gas revenue, and future development objectives result from the 
Company’s ongoing interest in Kansas.   

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross and Net Wells 

The following tables set forth the fiscal years ending December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 the number of gross and net 
development wells drilled by the Company.  The term gross wells means the total number of wells in which the Company owns 
an interest, while the term net wells means the sum of the fractional working interest the Company owns in the gross wells. 

2017 

2016 

2015 

Gross 

Net 

Gross 

Net 

Gross 

Net 

For Years Ending December 31, 

 1  

 —  

 0.15  

 —  

 1  

 —  

 0.25  

 —  

 —  

 1  

 — 

 1 

Kansas 

Productive Wells 

Dry Holes 

Productive Wells 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company held a working interest in 200 gross wells, including interest in 5 properties 
operated by others, and 192 net wells in Kansas.  Productive wells are either producing wells or wells capable of commercial 
production although currently shut-in.  One or more completions in the same bore hole are counted as one well.  The term gross 
wells means the total number of wells in which the Company owns an interest, while the term net wells means the sum of the 
fractional working interests the Company owns in all of the gross wells. 

Developed and Undeveloped Oil and Gas Acreage 

As  of  December  31,  2017  the  Company  owned  and  operated  working  interests  in  the  following  developed  and 
undeveloped oil and gas acreage.  The term gross acres means the total number of acres in which the Company owns an interest, 
while the term net acres means the sum of the fractional working interest the Company owns in the gross acres, less the interest 
of royalty owners. 

Developed 

Undeveloped 

Total 

Gross Acres 

Net Acres 

  Gross Acres 

Net Acres 

  Gross Acres 

Net Acres 

Kansas 

 13,860  

 11,440  

 160  

 140  

 14,020  

 11,580 

The following table identifies the number of gross and net undeveloped acres as of December 31, 2017 that will expire, 

by year, unless production is established before lease expiration or unless the lease is renewed. 

Gross Acres 

Net Acres 

ITEM 3.      LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

2018 

Total 

 160  

 140  

 160 

 140 

The Company was named as a defendant in a breach of contract lawsuit titled Offshore Oilfield Services, Inc. v. Prime 
8 Offshore, LLC and Tengasco, Inc., No 201657156 in the 270th District Court of Harris County, Texas (the “Litigation”) filed 
in October 2016.  The Litigation was dismissed with prejudice to refiling by court order dated October 20, 2017. 

The  Litigation  sought  recovery  of  approximately  $188,000  in  unpaid  material  and  labor  costs  (plus  plaintiff’s 
attorney’s fees and interest) for offshore operations contracted by Prime8 to be performed by the plaintiff Offshore Oilfield 
Services, Inc. (“Offshore Oilfield”) upon several properties owned by Hoactzin Partners, LP (“Hoactzin”) in the Gulf of Mexico 
under a master services agreement signed between Prime8 and Offshore Oilfield in May 2014 (“MSA”).  Offshore Oilfield 
alleged breach of the MSA by Prime8 and Tengasco for failure to pay for materials provided or services performed in 2014 
and 2015.  Tengasco did not sign the MSA and had no knowledge of it or any other agreement utilized in operation by Hoactzin, 
Prime8, or any subcontractor on Hoactzin’s Gulf properties.  No allegation was made in the Litigation that Tengasco directed 
or was involved in the performance of the services rendered or materials provided or failure to pay for same.  Hoactzin, as 
opposed to Tengasco, directed Prime8 in the conduct of all matters described in the Litigation and either paid or failed to pay 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
any and all charges for services and materials provided at all of Hoactzin’s properties in the Gulf owned and physically operated 
exclusively by Hoactzin.  

Hoactzin specifically agreed in writing to protect, defend, indemnify, and hold harmless Tengasco from and against 
any and all claims, demands, and causes of action made or awarded against Tengasco in the Litigation and to pay in the first 
instance all related losses, damages, costs and expenses relating to the Litigation including damages and plaintiff’s attorney’s 
fees awarded, and all litigation expenses incurred, the Company’s currently billed attorneys’ fees and court costs, relating to or 
arising out of Tengasco’s  status as a defendant in the Litigation.  Hoactzin has borne all the Company’s attorneys’ fees and all 
costs  or obligations  upon  which  the  Litigation  was  settled  by  agreement.    Accordingly,  there  is  no  further  exposure  to  the 
Company as a result of the dismissal of the Litigation with prejudice to refiling. 

ITEM 4.      MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES. 

Not Applicable. 

PART II 

ITEM 5.      MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Market Information 

The Company’s common stock is listed on the NYSE American exchange under the symbol TGC.    The range of high 
and low sales prices for shares of common stock of the Company as reported on the NYSE American during the fiscal years 
ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are set forth below. 

For the Quarters Ending 

March 31, 2017 

June 30, 2017 

September 30, 2017 

December 31, 2017 

March 31, 2016 

June 30, 2016 

September 30, 2016 

December 31, 2016 

High 

Low 

0.76   $ 

1.56   $ 

0.83   $ 

1.19   $ 

1.60   $ 

1.60   $ 

1.59   $ 

1.25   $ 

0.37 

0.39 

0.55 

0.57 

1.00 

0.60 

0.67 

0.52 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Some of the share prices above have been adjusted to reflect the impact of the 1 for 10 reverse split approved at the 

shareholder meeting on March 21, 2016 and effective with trading on March 24, 2016. 

Holders 

As  of  March  22,  2018,  the  number  of  shareholders  of  record  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  was  285  and 

management believes that there are approximately 5,000 beneficial owners of the Company’s common stock. 

Dividends 

The Company did not pay any dividends with respect to the Company’s common stock in 2017 or 2016 and has no 

present plans to declare any dividends with respect to its common stock. 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities 

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2017,  the  Company  did  not  sell  or  issue  any  unregistered  securities.   Any 
unregistered  equity  securities  that  were  sold  or  issued  by  the  Company  during  the  first  three  quarters  of  fiscal  2017  were 
previously reported in Reports filed by the Company with the SEC. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company and Affiliated Purchasers 

Neither the Company nor any of its affiliates repurchased any of the Company’s equity securities during 2017. 

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

See Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matter” 

for information regarding the Company’s equity compensation plans. 

ITEM 6.      SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

Not Applicable. 

ITEM 7.      MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS 

Results of Operations 

The Company reported net loss from continuing operations of $(574,000) or $(0.06) per share in 2017 compared to 
$(4.2) million or $(0.69) per share in 2016 and $(24.7) million or $(4.06) per share in 2015.  Per share information has been 
adjusted to reflect the impact of the 1 for 10 reverse stock split approved at the shareholder meeting on March 21, 2016 and 
effective with trading on March 24, 2016. 

The Company realized revenues of approximately $5.3 million in 2017 compared to $4.7 million in 2016 and $6.2 
million in 2015.  During 2017, revenues increased approximately $591,000 of which $809,000 of this increase related to a 
$7.90 per barrel increase in the average oil price received from $37.53 per barrel received in 2016 to $45.43 per barrel received 
in 2017.  This was partially offset by a $223,000 decrease related to a decrease in oil sales volumes from 108.3 MBbl in 2016 
to 102.4 MBbl in 2017.  The more significant production declines were experienced in the Albers, Albers A, Howard A, Lewis, 
Liebenau, McElhaney A, Schneller, and Veverka B leases.  These decreases were primarily due to natural declines.  Also during 
2017,  the  Company  recorded  electricity  revenues  from  the  Methane  facility  of  $580,000  compared  to  $559,000  during 
2016.  During 2016, revenues decreased approximately $1.5 million of which $555,000 of this decrease related to a $5.13 per 
barrel  decrease  in  the  average  oil  price  received  from  $42.66  per  barrel  received  in  2015  to  $37.53  per  barrel  received  in 
2016.  Approximately $961,000 of the decrease was related to decreases in oil sales volumes from 130.9 MBbl in 2015 to 108.3 
MBbl in 2016.  The more significant production declines were experienced in the Albers B, Croffoot, Hilgers B, Howard A, 
Liebenau, McElhaney A, and Veverka B leases.  These decreases were primarily due to natural declines.  Also during 2016, 
the Company recorded electricity revenues from the Methane facility of $559,000 compared to $533,000 during 2015.    

The Company’s production costs and taxes were approximately $3.4 million in 2017, $3.1 million in 2016, and $3.7 
million in 2015.  The $380,000 increase in 2017 was primarily related to a $242,000 increase related to change in oil inventory, 
and an $118,000 increase related to an amendment to the 2016 Delaware franchise taxes recorded in the third quarter of 2017.  
The $667,000 decrease in 2016 primarily related to a $415,000 decrease related to change in oil inventory, a $136,000 decrease 
in chemical costs, and a $133,000 decrease in utility costs. 

The  Company’s  methane facility costs  were  approximately $489,000 in 2017, $357,000 in 2016, and $493,000 in 
2015.  The $132,000 increase in 2017 primarily related to an increase in repair costs during 2017.  The $136,000 decrease in 
2016 was primarily related to higher repair costs during 2015.  The lower repair costs in 2016 was primarily attributable to the 
installation of water treatment equipment in early 2016. 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization was approximately $924,000 in 2017, $1.1 million in 2016, and $2.7 million 
in 2015.  The $215,000 decrease in 2017 was primarily due to a $158,000 decrease related to a decrease in the oil and gas 
depletion rate due principally to ceiling test impairments in 2016, and a $55,000 decrease related to lower sales volumes.  The 
$1.5 million decrease in 2016 was primarily due to a $1.1 million decrease related to a decrease in the oil and gas depletion 
rate due principally to ceiling test impairments in 2015 and 2016, and a $437,000 decrease related to lower sales volumes.   

The Company’s general and administrative cost was approximately $1.2 million in 2017, $1.4 million in 2016, and 
$2.1 million in 2015.  The $234,000 decrease in 2017 was primarily related to a $98,000 decrease in salaries and wages as a 
result of personnel reductions which took place during the first quarter of 2016, $57,000 reduction in legal and accounting 
costs,  and  a  $29,000  reduction  in  subscription  costs.    The  $664,000  decrease  in  2016  was  primarily  related  to  a  $324,000 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
decrease in salaries and wages as a result of temporary payroll reductions commencing in the first and second quarter of 2015 
as well as personnel reductions which took place during the first quarter of 2016, $126,000 reduction in legal and accounting 
costs, and a $99,000 reduction in consulting costs.   

Due to the low oil prices experienced since the quarter ended September 30, 2014, during 2016 and 2015 the Company 
experienced ceiling test failures resulting in recording non-cash impairments of $2.7 million and $14.5 million, respectively.  
This impairment charge reduces the carrying cost of the Company’s oil and gas properties, excluding unevaluated properties 
to a value which approximates the future net cash flows of the year end reserves discounted at 10%.  Should prices continue at 
depressed levels during future periods, the Company may be required to record additional impairment of its oil properties.  In 
2016, the Company also recorded an $88,000 impairment of its equipment inventory due to reduction in market value. 

Net interest expense was $53,000 in 2017, $102,000 in 2016, and $80,000 in 2015.  The $49,000 decrease during 2017 
was  primarily  related  to  a  decrease  in  the  credit  facility,  partially  offset  by  interest  related  to  the  amendment  of  the  2016 
franchise taxes.  The credit facility was paid off in February 2017.  The $22,000 increase during 2016 was primarily due to a 
$1.2 million increase in the average credit facility balance from $868,000 during 2015 to $2.1 million during 2016.  The credit 
facility increase was primarily due to capital spending and lower oil prices, partially offset by lower operating and general and 
administrative costs.   

During 2017, 2016, and 2015, the Company did not have any open derivative positions.   

The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $242,000 in 2017, $0 in 2016, and an income tax expense $7.4 million 
in 2015.  The $242,000 income tax benefit was due to releasing the allowance related to its MTC as a result of the 2017 Tax 
Act.  The Company recorded an allowance on the remaining deferred tax asset at December 31, 2017 primarily due to cumulated 
losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 31, 2017.  The $7.4 million expense in 2015 related to recording a full 
allowance of the deferred tax asset primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 3 year period ending December 31, 
2015.  In addition, a full allowance of the deferred tax asset was also recorded in 2016. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had a revolving credit facility with Prosperity Bank.  This is the Company’s 
primary source to fund working capital and future capital spending.  Under the credit facility, loans and letters of credit are 
available  to  the  Company  on  a  revolving  basis  in  an  amount  outstanding  not  to  exceed  the  lesser  of  $50  million  or  the 
Company’s borrowing base in effect from time to time. As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s borrowing base was $1.25 
million.  The borrowing base was increased to approximately $2.0 million with the March 21, 2018 amendment to the credit 
agreement.  This increase was primarily related to increase in oil prices.  The credit facility is secured by substantially all of 
the Company’s producing and non-producing oil and gas properties.  The credit facility includes certain covenants with which 
the Company is required to comply.  At December 31, 2017, these covenants include the following: (a) Current Ratio > 1:1; 
(b) Funded Debt to EBITDA < 3.5x; and (c) Interest Coverage > 3.0x.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants 
each quarter end during 2017. 

On March 21, 2018, the Company’s senior credit facility with Prosperity Bank after Prosperity Bank’s most recent 
review of the Company’s currently owned producing properties was amended to increase the borrowing base to $2.0 million 
and  the  maturity  date  was  extended  to  July  31,  2020.    The  borrowing  base  remains  subject  to  the  existing  periodic 
redetermination provisions in the credit facility. The interest rate remained prime plus 0.50% per annum.  This rate was 5.00% 
at the date of the amendment.  The maximum line of credit of the Company under the Prosperity Bank credit facility remained 
$50 million and the Company had no outstanding borrowing under the facility as of March 28, 2018.   

The total borrowing by the Company under the facility at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was $0 and 
$2.4 million, respectively.  As disclosed in previous Company filings, on February 13, 2017, 4,498,698 common shares were 
issued to participants of the Company’s rights offering which closed on February 2, 2017.  Of the 4,498,698 common  shares 
issued, 3,293,407 were issued to the Company’s directors, management, and affiliates.  The Company received approximately 
$2.7 million in proceed from this offering.  The proceeds were used primarily to pay off the Company’s credit facility.  The 
next borrowing base review will take place in July 2018. 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $154,000 in 2017, net cash used in operating activities was $(1.0) million 
in 2016, and net cash provided by operating activities was $482,000 in 2015.  Cash flow used in working capital during 2017 
was $127,000, cash flow used in working capital was $928,000 during 2016, and cash flow provided by working capital was 
$543,000 during 2015.  The change in cash used in operating activities during 2017 was primarily related to increased revenues 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
as a result of higher oil prices, and changes in working capital.  The change in cash used in operating activities during 2016 
was primarily related to decreased revenues as a result of lower oil prices and sales volumes, as well as changes in working 
capital.  

Net cash used in investing activities was $179,000 in 2017, $401,000 in 2016, and $541,000 in 2015.  The $222,000 
decrease in cash used in investing activities during 2017 was due primarily to higher seismic costs incurred during 2016 partially 
offset by leasehold costs incurred during 2017.  The $140,000 decrease in cash used in investing activities during 2016 was 
due primarily to a decrease in land and seismic costs.  

Net cash provided by financing activities was $134,000 in 2017,  $1.4 million in 2016, and $64,000 in 2015.  The 
decrease in net cash provided by financing activities in 2017 was primarily related to pay down of the credit facility using 
proceeds from the Company’s rights offering which closed on February 2, 2017.  The increase in net cash provided by financing 
activities in 2016 primarily related to an increase in credit facility borrowings due to a decrease in oil prices, partially offset by 
a decrease in operating and general and administrative costs.   

Critical Accounting Policies 

The  Company  prepares  its  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles  generally 
accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America,  which  require  the  Company  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the 
reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosures  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  financial 
statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  year.   Actual  results  could  differ  from  those 
estimates.   The  Company  considers  the  following  policies  to  be  the  most  critical  in  understanding  the  judgments  that  are 
involved in preparing the Company’s financial statements and the uncertainties that could impact the Company’s results of 
operations, financial condition and cash flows. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil, natural gas, methane gas, and electricity sold to purchasers 
at  a  fixed  or  determinable  price,  when  delivery  has  occurred  and  title  has  transferred,  and  collectability  is  reasonably 
assured. Crude oil is stored and at the time of delivery to  the  purchasers, revenues are recognized.  Natural  gas  meters are 
placed at the customer’s location and usage is billed each month.  There were no natural gas imbalances at December 31, 2017, 
2016 and 2015.  Methane gas and electricity sales meters are located at the Carter Valley landfill site and electricity generation 
sales are billed each month.  No methane gas was sold during 2017, 2016 or 2015.  Effective January 1, 2018, the Company 
has adopted ASU 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers.  The Company does not expect this to have a material 
impact on our consolidated financial statements or results of operations 

Full Cost Method of Accounting 

The  Company  follows  the  full  cost  method  of  accounting  for  oil  and  gas  property  acquisition,  exploration,  and 
development activities.  Under this method, all costs incurred in connection with acquisition, exploration and development of 
oil  and  gas  reserves  are  capitalized.   Capitalized  costs  include  lease  acquisitions,  seismic  related  costs,  certain  internal 
exploration costs, drilling, completion, and estimated asset retirement costs. The capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, plus 
estimated  future  development  costs  relating  to  proved  reserves  and  estimated  asset  retirement  costs  which  are  not  already 
included net of estimated salvage value, are amortized on the unit-of-production method based on total proved reserves.  The 
Company has determined its reserves based upon reserve reports provided by LaRoche Petroleum Consultants Ltd. since 2009. 
The  costs  of  unproved  properties  are  excluded  from  amortization  until  the  properties  are  evaluated,  subject  to  an  annual 
assessment of whether impairment has occurred.  The Company had $0 and $106,000 in unevaluated properties as of December 
31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Proceeds from the sale of oil and gas properties are accounted for as reductions to capitalized 
costs unless such sales cause a significant change in the relationship between costs and the estimated value of proved reserves, 
in which case a gain or loss is recognized.  At the end of each reporting period, the Company performs a “ceiling test” on the 
value of the net capitalized cost of oil and gas properties. This test compares the net capitalized cost (capitalized cost of oil and 
gas properties, net of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization and related deferred income taxes) to the present 
value of estimated future net revenues from oil and gas properties using an average price (arithmetic average of the beginning 
of month prices for the prior 12 months) and current cost discounted at 10%  plus cost of properties not being amortized and 
the  lower  of  cost  or  estimated   fair  value  of  unproven  properties  included  in  the  cost  being  amortized  (ceiling).   If  the  net 
capitalized cost is greater than the ceiling, a write-down or impairment is required.  A write-down of the carrying value of the 
asset is a non-cash charge that reduces earnings in the current period.  Once incurred, a write-down cannot be reversed in a 
later period. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and Gas Reserves/Depletion, Depreciation, and Amortization of Oil and Gas Properties 

The capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, plus estimated future development costs relating to proved reserves 
and estimated asset retirement costs which are not already included net of estimated salvage value, are amortized on the unit-
of-production method based on total proved reserves.  The costs of unproved properties are excluded from amortization until 
the properties are evaluated, subject to an annual assessment of whether impairment has occurred. 

The  Company’s  proved  oil  and  gas  reserves  as  of  December  31,  2017  were  determined  by  LaRoche  Petroleum 
Consultants, Ltd.  Projecting the effects of commodity prices on production, and timing of development expenditures includes 
many factors beyond the Company’s control.  The future estimates of net cash flows from the Company’s proved reserves and 
their present value are based upon various assumptions about future production levels, prices, and costs that may prove to be 
incorrect over time.  Any significant variance from assumptions could result in the actual future net cash flows being materially 
different from the estimates. 

Asset Retirement Obligations 

The Company’s asset retirement obligations relate to the plugging, dismantling, and removal of wells drilled to date. 
The Company follows the requirements of FASB ASC 410, “Asset Retirement Obligations and Environmental Obligations”. 
Among other things, FASB ASC 410 requires entities to record a liability and corresponding increase in long-lived assets for 
the present value of material obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets. Over the passage of time, 
accretion of the liability is recognized as an operating expense and the capitalized cost is depleted over the estimated useful life 
of the related asset.  If the estimated future cost of the asset retirement obligation changes, an adjustment is recorded to both 
the asset retirement obligation and the long-lived asset. Revisions to estimated asset retirement obligations can result from 
changes  in  retirement  cost  estimates,  revisions  to  estimated  inflation  rates  and  changes  in  the  estimated  timing  of 
abandonment.  The Company currently uses an estimated useful life of wells ranging from 20-40 years.  Management continues 
to periodically evaluate the appropriateness of these assumptions. 

Income Taxes 

Income taxes are reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires the establishment of deferred tax accounts 
for all temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using currently enacted 
federal  and  state  income  tax  rates.   In  addition, deferred  tax  accounts  must  be  adjusted  to  reflect  new  rates  if  enacted  into 
law.  Temporary differences result principally from federal and state net operating loss carryforwards, differences in oil and 
gas  property  values  resulting  from  ceiling  test  write  downs,  and  differences  in  methods  of  reporting  depreciation  and 
amortization.  Management routinely assesses the ability to realize our deferred tax assets and reduces such assets by a valuation 
allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be recognized. 

At  December  31,  2017,  federal  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  amounted  to  approximately  $30.2  million  which 
expire between 2019 and 2036. The total net deferred tax asset was $242,000 at December 31, 2017 and $0 at 2016.  In 2017, 
The Company released a portion of the allowance related to its MTC as a result of the 2017 Tax Act.  The Company recorded 
an allowance on the remaining deferred tax asset at December 31, 2017 primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 
3 years ended December 31, 2017.  The Company recorded a full allowance against the deferred tax asset at December 31, 
2016 primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 31, 2016. 

Realization of deferred tax assets is contingent on the generation of future taxable income.  As a result, management 
considers whether it is more likely than not that all or a portion of such assets will be realized during periods when they are 
available, and if not, management provides a valuation allowance for amounts not likely to be recovered. 

Management periodically evaluates tax reporting methods to determine if any uncertain tax positions exist that would 
require the establishment of a loss contingency.  A loss contingency would be recognized if it were probable that a liability has 
been incurred as of the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. 

The amount recognized is subject to estimates and management’s judgment with respect to the likely outcome of each 
uncertain tax position.  The amount that is ultimately incurred for an individual uncertain tax position or for all uncertain tax 
positions in the aggregate could differ from the amount recognized. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 
No. 2014–09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”). This ASU, as amended, superseded virtually all of 
the revenue recognition guidance in generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The core principle of the 
five–step model is that an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers control of goods or services to customers at an amount 
that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Entities can choose to 
apply the standard using either the full retrospective approach or a modified retrospective approach. The provisions of ASU 
2014–09 are applicable to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual 
periods. We have implemented ASU 2014-09 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach.  To date, the 
Company has identified the contracts with each of its customers and the separate performance obligations associated with each 
of these contracts.  Based on the evaluation performed to date, we have identified similar performance obligations as compared 
with deliverables and separate units of account previously identified, and we do not expect any change related to the allocation 
of the transaction price and the timing of our revenue to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or 
results of operations. 

In  February  2016,  the  FASB  issued  Update  2016-02  Leases  (Topic  842).    This  guidance  was  issued  to  increase 
transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and 
disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 
15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early application of the amendments in this Update is permitted 
for all entities.  To date, the Company has identified each of its leases and is in the process of determining the impact of  this 
new guidance on each of the identified leases.  The Company does not expect this to impact its operating results or cash flows, 
however, the Company does expect to carry a portion of future lease costs as an asset and a liability on its balance sheet. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued Update 2016-09 Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements 
to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  This guidance simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based 
payment  transactions,  including  the  income  tax  consequences,  classification  of  awards  as  either  equity  or  liabilities,  and 
classification on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, 
and  interim  periods  within  those  annual  periods.  The  company  implement  this  in  2017  with  no  impact  on  the  Company’s 
operating results or cash flows. 

In August 2016, the FASB issued Update 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain 
Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.  This amendment provides guidance on certain cash flow classification issues,  thereby 
reducing the current and potential future diversity in practice. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after 
December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for any entity in any interim 
or annual period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the 
beginning  of  the  fiscal  year  that  includes  that  interim  period.  An  entity  that  elects  early  adoption  must  adopt  all  of  the 
amendments in the same period.  The Company does not expect this to impact operating results or cash flows. 

Contractual Obligations 

The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations due by period as of December 31, 2017 (in 

thousands): 

Contractual Obligations 
Long-Term Debt Obligations1 

Operating Lease Obligations 

Estimated Interest on Long-Term Debt Obligations 

Total 

2018 

2019 

2020 

  $ 

 90   $ 

 41   $ 

 49   $ 

 129  

 14  

 48  

 9  

 48  

 4  

Total 

  $ 

 233   $ 

 98   $ 

 101   $ 

 — 

 33 

 1 

 34 

(1)  The credit facility with Prosperity Bank had a zero balance at December 31, 2017. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISKS 

Commodity Risk 

The Company’s major market risk exposure is in the pricing applicable to its oil and gas production.  Realized pricing 
is  primarily  driven  by  the  prevailing  worldwide  price  for  crude  oil  and  spot  prices  applicable  to  natural  gas 
production.  Historically, prices received for oil and gas production have been volatile and unpredictable and price volatility is 
expected to continue.  Monthly oil price realizations during 2017 ranged from a low of $39.82 per barrel to a high of $52.67 
per barrel. 

In addition, during 2010, 2011, and 2012 the Company participated in derivative agreements on a specified number 
of barrels of oil of its production.  The Company did not participate in any derivative agreements during 2017, 2016 or 2015, 
but may participate in derivative activities in the future. 

Interest Rate Risk 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had debt outstanding of approximately $90,000, none of which was owed on its 
credit facility with Prosperity Bank.  As of December 31, 2017, the interest rate on the credit facility was variable at a rate 
equal to prime plus 0.50% per annum.  The Company’s credit facility interest rate at December 31, 2017 was 5.00%.  The 
Company’s remaining debt of $90,000 has fixed interest rates ranging from 4.16% to 4.60%. 

The annual impact on interest expense and the Company’s cash flows of a 10% increase in the interest rate on the 
credit facility would be approximately zero assuming borrowed amounts under the credit facility remained at the same amount 
owed as of December 31.  The Company did not have any open derivative contracts relating to interest rates at December 31, 
2017, 2016, or 2015. 

Forward-Looking Statements and Risk 

Certain statements in this Report including statements of the future plans, objectives, and expected performance of 
the Company are forward-looking statements that are dependent upon certain events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside 
the Company’s control, and which would cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated.  Some of these include, 
but are not limited to, the market prices of oil and gas, economic and competitive conditions, inflation rates, legislative and 
regulatory changes, financial market conditions, political and economic uncertainties of foreign governments, future business 
decisions, and other uncertainties, all of which are difficult to predict. 

There  are  numerous  uncertainties  inherent  in  projecting  future  rates  of  production  and  the  timing  of  development 
expenditures.  The total amount or timing of actual future production may vary significantly from estimates.  The drilling of 
exploratory wells can involve significant risks, including those related to timing, success rates and cost overruns.  Lease and 
rig availability, complex geology, and other factors can also affect these risks.  Additionally, fluctuations in oil and gas prices 
or prolonged periods of low prices may substantially adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations, 
and cash flows. 

ITEM 8.      FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

The financial statements and supplementary data commence on page F-1. 

ITEM  9.      CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 

None. 

ITEM 9A. 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

The  Company’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  and  other  members  of  management  have 
evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) 
and 15d-15(e)). Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded 
that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this Report, were adequate and 
effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or 
submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the 

28 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEC’s rules and forms.  Michael J. Rugen, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer is currently also serving as Company’s Chief 
Executive Officer on an interim basis.  Mr. Rugen is acting in both capacities and has executed the accompanying certifications 
as to both offices.   

The effectiveness of a system of disclosure controls and procedures is subject to various inherent limitations, including 
cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of internal 
controls, and fraud.  Due to such inherent limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and 
procedures will be successful in preventing all errors or fraud, or in making all material information known in a timely manner 
to the appropriate levels of management. 

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  
Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of the Company’s Chief 
Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  and  effected  by  the  Company’s  Board of  Directors,  management  and  other 
personnel,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and 
procedures that: 

 Pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 

dispositions of the Company’s assets; 

 Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements 
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only 
in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and directors; and  

 Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition 

of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  
Also,  projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  into  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer 
and the Chief Financial Officer, the Company’s management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017.  In making this assessment, the Company’s management 
used the criteria set forth in the framework in “Internal Control-Integrated-Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”).  This  framework  was  updated  in  2013.    Based  on  the  evaluation 
conducted under the framework in “Internal Control- Integrated Framework,” issued by COSO the Company’s management 
concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017. 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal 
control over financial reporting.  Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm 
pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report 
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

During the year ended December 31, 2017, there have been no changes to the Company’s system of internal controls 
over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s system of 
controls over financial reporting.  As part of a continuing effort to improve the Company’s business processes, management is 
evaluating its internal controls and may update certain controls to accommodate any modifications to its business processes or 
accounting procedures. 

ITEM 9B.   OTHER INFORMATION 

On January 2, 2018, 4,569 common shares were issued in the aggregate to the Company’s four directors and CFO and 
interim CEO.  This issuance will result in compensation expense of approximately $4,000 to be recorded during the quarter 
ended March 31, 2018. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On  January  26,  2018,  the  Company  closed  a  sale  to  Tennessee  Renewable  Group  LLC  for  all  of  the  Company’s 
Manufactured Methane facilities for $2.65 million.   In the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company expects to record a 
gain on the sale of these assets of approximately $1.1 million. 

On March 21, 2018, the Company’s senior credit facility with Prosperity Bank after Prosperity Bank’s most recent 
review of the Company’s currently owned producing properties was amended to increase the borrowing base to $2.0 million 
and the maturity date was extended to July 31, 2020.    

PART III 

ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERANCE 

Identification of Directors and Executive Officers 

NAME 

Matthew K. Behrent 

Peter E. Salas 

Richard M. Thon 

Michael J. Rugen 

POSITIONS HELD 

  Director 

  Director; 

  Chairman of the Board 

  Director 

  Chief Financial Officer; 

  Chief Executive Officer (interim) 

Cary V. Sorensen 

  Vice-President; General Counsel; Secretary 

DATE OF INITIAL 
ELECTION OR 
DESIGNATION 

AGE 

3/27/2007  

10/8/2002  

10/21/2004  

11/22/2013  

9/28/2009  

6/24/2013  

7/9/1999  

 47 

 63 

 62 

 57 

 69 

Business Experience 

Directors 

Matthew K. Behrent is currently the Executive  Vice President, Corporate Development of EDCI Holdings,  Inc., a 
company that is currently engaged in carrying out a plan of dissolution. Before joining EDCI in June, 2005, Mr. Behrent was 
an investment banker, working as a Vice-President at Revolution Partners, a technology focused investment bank in Boston, 
from  March  2004  until  June  2005  and  as  an  associate  in  Credit  Suisse  First  Boston  Corporation's  technology  mergers  and 
acquisitions group from June 2000 until January 2003. From June 1997 to May 2000, Mr. Behrent practiced law, most recently 
with Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton in New York, advising financial sponsors and corporate clients in connection with 
financings and mergers and acquisitions transactions. Mr. Behrent received his J.D. from Stanford Law School in 1997, and 
his B.A. in Political Science and Political Theory from Hampshire College in 1992. He became a Director of the Company on 
March 27, 2007.   He is also a Director and Chairman of the Audit Committee of Asure Software, Inc. (NASDAQ: ASUR).  The 
experience,  qualifications,  attributes,  and  skills  gained  by  Mr.  Behrent  in  these  sophisticated  legal  and  financial  positions 
directly apply to and support the financial oversight of the Company’s operations and lead to the conclusion that Mr. Behrent 
should serve as a Director of the Company. 

Peter E. Salas has been President of Dolphin Asset Management Corp. and its related companies since he founded it 
in 1988.  Prior to establishing Dolphin, he was with J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for ten years, becoming Co-
manager, Small Company Fund and Director-Small Cap Research.  He received an A.B. degree in Economics from Harvard in 
1978.  Mr. Salas was elected to the Board of Directors on October 8, 2002.   The business experience, attributes, and skills 
gained by Mr. Salas in these sophisticated financial positions, together with his service as director of other public companies 
and his capacity as controlling person of the Company’s largest shareholder directly apply to and support his qualification as a 
director, and lead to the conclusion that Mr. Salas should serve as a Director of the Company. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Richard M. Thon began a career with ARAMARK Corporation in 1987.  ARAMARK is based in Philadelphia, has 
270,000 employees worldwide, and provides food services, facilities management, and uniform and  career apparel to health 
care institutions, universities, and businesses in 23 countries.  Mr. Thon served in various capacities in the Corporate Finance 
Department  of  ARAMARK  culminating  with  the  position  of  Assistant  Treasurer  when  he  retired  in  June  2002.   His 
responsibilities included bank credit agreements, public debt issuance, interest rate risk management, foreign subsidiary credit 
agreements,  foreign exchange, letters of credit,  insurance  finance, off-balance-sheet  finance, and real estate and equipment 
leasing. Prior to joining ARAMARK, Mr. Thon was a Vice President in the International Department of Mellon Bank.  Since 
his retirement in 2002, Mr. Thon has served in a variety of volunteer charitable and civic activities. In addition, during a portion 
of the past five years, he served on the board of ACT Conferencing, Inc.  Mr. Thon received a B.A. in Economics degree from 
Yale College in 1977 and a Masters of Business Administration degree in Finance from The Wharton School, University of 
Pennsylvania in 1979.  Mr. Thon’s experience in the fields of banking and finance directly apply to the business needs of the 
Company and lead to the conclusion that he will provide significant benefit to the Board and that he is qualified to serve as a 
Director of the Company. 

Officers 

Michael  J.  Rugen  was  named  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  the  Company  in  September  2009  and  as  interim  Chief 
Executive Officer in June 2013.  He is a certified public accountant (Texas) with over 35 years of experience in exploration, 
production and oilfield service.  Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Rugen spent 2 years as Vice President of Accounting and 
Finance  for  Nighthawk  Oilfield  Services.   From  2001  to  June  2007,  he  was  a  Manager/Sr.  Manager  with  UHY  Advisors, 
primarily responsible for managing internal audit and Sarbanes-Oxley 404 engagements for various oil and gas clients. In 1999 
and 2000, Mr. Rugen provided finance and accounting consulting services with Jefferson Wells International.  From 1982 to 
1998, Mr. Rugen held various accounting and management positions at BHP Petroleum, with accounting responsibilities for 
onshore and offshore US operations as well as operations in Trinidad and Bolivia.  Mr. Rugen earned a Bachelor of Science in 
Accounting in 1982 from Indiana University. 

Cary V. Sorensen is a 1976 graduate of the University of Texas School of Law and has undergraduate and graduate 
degrees from North Texas State University and Catholic University in Washington, D.C. Prior to joining the Company in July 
1999, he had been continuously engaged in the practice of law in Houston, Texas relating to the energy industry since 1977, 
both in private law firms and a corporate law department, serving for seven years as senior counsel with the oil and gas litigation 
department of a Fortune 100 energy corporation in Houston before entering private practice in June, 1996.  He has represented 
virtually all of the major oil companies headquartered in Houston as well as local distribution companies and electric utilities 
in a variety of litigated and administrative cases before  state and federal courts and agencies in nine states.  These matters 
involved gas contracts, gas marketing, exploration and production disputes involving royalties or operating interests, land titles, 
oil pipelines and gas pipeline tariff matters at the state and federal levels, and general operation and regulation of interstate and 
intrastate gas pipelines.  He has served as General Counsel of the Company since July 9, 1999. 

Family and Other Relationships 

There are no family relationships between any of the present directors or executive officers of the Company. 

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings 

To the knowledge of management, no director, executive officer or affiliate of the Company or owner of record or 
beneficially of more than 5% of the Company's common stock is a party adverse to the Company or has a material interest 
adverse to the Company in any proceeding. 

To the knowledge of management, during the past ten years, unless specifically indicated below with respect to any 
numbered item, no present director, executive officer or person nominated to become a director or an executive officer of the 
Company: 

(1) 

Filed a petition under the federal bankruptcy laws or any state insolvency law, nor had a receiver, fiscal agent 
or similar officer appointed by a court for the business or property of such person, or any partnership in which 
he or she was a general partner at or within two years before the time of such filing, or any corporation or 
business association of which he or she was an executive officer at or within two years before the time of 
such filing; provided however that the Company’s Chief Financial Officer Michael J. Rugen during 2007 
through  mid-2009  was  Vice  President  of  Accounting  and  Finance  for  Nighthawk  Oilfield  Services  in 
Houston, Texas (Nighthawk); Nighthawk filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 7 of the bankruptcy 
laws on July 10, 2009 and such fact was affirmatively disclosed  to the Company’s Board before Mr. Rugen 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

(5) 

(6) 

(7) 

(8) 

was appointed to the position of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in September, 2009, and the Board 
determined that the circumstances surrounding bankruptcy filing did not disclose any reason to question the 
integrity or qualifications of Mr. Rugen for the position of Chief Financial Officer of the Company. 

Was convicted in a criminal proceeding or named the subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding 
traffic violations and other minor offenses); 

Was the subject of any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any 
court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining him or her from or otherwise limiting 
the following activities: (a) acting as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading 
advisor, commodity pool operator, floor broker, leverage transaction merchant, any other person regulated 
by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), or an associated person of any of the foregoing, 
or as an investment adviser, underwriter, broker or dealer in securities, or as an affiliated person, director or 
employee of any investment company, bank, savings and loan association or insurance company, or engaging 
in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with such activity; (b) engaging in any type of business 
practice; or (c) engaging in any activity in connection with the purchase or sale of any security or commodity 
or in connection with any violation of federal or state securities laws or federal commodities laws; 

Was the subject of any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any 
Federal or State authority barring, suspending or otherwise limiting him or her for more than 60 days from 
engaging in any activity described in paragraph 3(a) above, or being associated with any persons engaging 
in any such activity; 

Was found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC to have violated any federal 
or state securities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the SEC has not been subsequently 
reversed, suspended, or vacated; 

Was  found  by  a  court  of  competent  jurisdiction  in  a  civil  action  or  by   the  CFTC  to  have  violated  any 
federal   commodities  law,  and  the  judgment  in  such  civil  action  or  finding  by  the   CFTC  has  not  been 
subsequently reversed, suspended, or vacated; 

Was the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or 
finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of: (i) any federal 
or state securities or commodities law or regulation; (ii) any law or regulation respecting financial institutions 
or  insurance  companies  including  but  not  limited  to  a  temporary  or  permanent  injunction,  order  of 
disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease and desist order, or removal 
or prohibition order; or (iii) any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with 
any business entity; or 

Was the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of 
any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act [15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(26)], 
any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act [7 U.S.C. 1(a)(29)], or 
any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members 
or persons associated with a member. 

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance 

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the Company’s executive officers, directors and persons 
who beneficially own more than 10% of the Company’s common stock to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes 
in ownership with the SEC no later than the second business day after the date on which the transaction occurred unless certain 
exceptions apply. In fiscal 2017, the Company, its officers, directors, and shareholders owning more than 10% of its common 
stock were not delinquent in filing of any of their Form 3, 4, and 5 reports. 

Code of Ethics 

The Company’s Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to the Company’s financial officers and 
executives officers, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.  The Company’s Board of Directors has 
also adopted a Code of Conduct and Ethics for Directors, Officers and Employees.  A copy of these codes can be found at the 
Company’s internet website at www.tengasco.com.  The Company intends to disclose any amendments to its Codes of Ethics, 
and any waiver from a provision of the Code of Ethics granted to the Company’s President, Chief Financial Officer or persons 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
performing  similar  functions,  on  the  Company’s  internet  website  within  five  business  days  following  such  amendment  or 
waiver.  A copy of the Code of Ethics can be obtained free of charge by writing to Cary V. Sorensen, Secretary, Tengasco, Inc., 
8000 E. Maplewood Ave., Suite 130, Greenwood Village, CO 80111. 

Audit Committee 

During 2017, directors Matthew K. Behrent and Richard M. Thon were the members of the Board’s Audit Committee. 
Mr. Behrent was the Chairman of the Committee and the Board of Directors determined that both Mr. Behrent and Mr. Thon 
were  each  an  “audit  committee  financial  expert”  as  defined  by  applicable  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (“SEC”) 
regulations and the NYSE American Rules.  Each of the members of the Audit Committee met the independence and experience 
requirements of the NYSE American Rules, the applicable Securities Laws, and the regulations and rules promulgated by the 
SEC. The Audit Committee met each quarter and a total of four (4) times in Fiscal 2017 with the Company’s auditors, including 
discussing the audit of the Company’s year-end financial statements. 

The  Audit  Committee  adopted  an  Audit  Committee  Charter  during  fiscal  2001.    In  2004,  the  Board  adopted  an 
amended Audit Committee Charter, a copy of which is available on the Company’s internet website, www.tengasco.com.  The 
Audit Committee Charter fully complies with the requirements of the NYSE American Rules. The Audit Committee reviews 
and reassesses the Audit Committee Charter annually. 

The Audit Committee's functions are: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

To  review  with  management  and  the  Company’s  independent  auditors  the  scope  of  the  annual  audit  and 
quarterly  statements,  significant  financial  reporting  issues  and  judgments  made  in  connection  with  the 
preparation of the Company’s financial statements; 

To review major changes to the Company’s auditing and accounting principles and practices suggested by 
the independent auditors; 

To monitor the independent auditor's relationship with the Company; 

To advise and assist the Board of Directors in evaluating the independent auditor's examination; 

To supervise the Company's financial and accounting organization and financial reporting; 

To nominate, for approval of the Board of Directors, a firm of certified public accountants whose duty it is 
to audit the financial records of the Company for the fiscal year for which it is appointed; and 

To review and consider fee arrangements with, and fees charged by, the Company’s independent auditors. 

Changes in Board Nomination Procedures 

In 2017, there were no changes to the procedures adopted by the Board for nominations for the Board of Directors. 
Those procedures were last set forth in the Company’s Proxy Statement filed on October 3, 2014 for the Company’s Annual 
Meeting held on November 14, 2014 and are posted on the Company’s internet website at www.tengasco.com. In the event of 
any such amendment to the procedures, the Company intends to disclose the amendments on the Company's internet website 
within five business days following such amendment. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 11.   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

Executive Officer Compensation 

The following table sets forth a summary of all compensation awarded to, earned or paid to, the Company's  Chief 
Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other executive officers whose compensation exceeded $100,000 during fiscal 
years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. 

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE 

Name and Principal Position 

Year 

Salary 

($) 

Bonus 

($) 

 19,276  

 21,685  

Stock 

Awards 

($) 

 9,149  

 6,931  

All Other 

Compensation2 

($) 

Total 

($) 

 6,673  

 198,955 

 6,737  

 199,210 

2017  

2016  

 163,857  

 163,857  

2017  

2016  

 81,900  

 81,900  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 3,454  

 3,495  

 85,354 

 85,395 

Michael J. Rugen, 

Chief Financial Officer 
Chief Executive Officer (interim)3 

Cary V. Sorensen, 

General Counsel 

____________________ 

(2)  The amounts in this column consist of the Company’s matching contributions to its 401 (k) plan and the portion of company-wide group term life 

insurance premiums allocable to these named executive officers. 

(3)  Mr. Rugen was appointed interim Chief Executive Officer on June 28, 2013.  The bonus and stock award information for Mr. Rugen for 2017 and 2016 

represents his compensation for his services as CEO. 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End 

Number of securities  

Number of securities  

OPTION AWARDS 

underlying unexercised  

underlying unexercised 

Option exercise 

Option 

options exercisable 

options unexercisable 

price 

expiration date 

 —  

 —  

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —  

 —  

Name 

Michael J. Rugen 

Cary V. Sorensen 

Option and Award Exercises 

No other options were exercised during 2017 or 2016. 

Employment Contracts and Compensation Agreements 

On September 18, 2013, the Company and its Chief Financial Officer and interim Chief Executive Officer Michael J. 
Rugen entered into a written Compensation Agreement as reported on Form 8-K filed on September 24, 2013.  Under the terms 
of the Compensation Agreement, Mr. Rugen’s annual salary will increase from $150,000 to $170,000 per year in his capacity 
as Chief Financial Officer, and he will receive a bonus of $7,500 per quarter for each quarter during which he also serves as 
interim Chief Executive Officer.  At June 1, 2014, Mr. Rugen’s salary was increased to $199,826 per year in his capacity as 
Chief Financial Officer, the quarterly bonus received while in the capacity as interim Chief Financial Officer was increased to 
$8,815 per quarter.  The increases at June 1, 2014 were for cost of living adjustments related to the relocation of the corporate 
office from Knoxville to Greenwood Village.  The Compensation agreement is not an employment contract, but does provide 
that in the event Mr. Rugen were terminated without cause, he would receive a severance payment in the amount of six month’s 
salary in effect at the time of any such termination. 

On  February  25,  2015,  the  Company  and  its  Vice  President,  General  Counsel,  and  Corporate  Secretary  Cary  V. 
Sorensen entered into a written Compensation Agreement as reported on Form 8-K filed on February 19, 2015.  Under the 
terms of the Compensation Agreement, effective March 2, 2015, Mr. Sorensen’s annual salary will be reduced from $137,500 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
to $91,000 in consideration of the Company's agreement to permit Mr. Sorensen to serve as a full time employee from a virtual 
office in Galveston, Texas with presence in the Denver area headquarters as required. He will remain eligible for certain existing 
benefits: 401-K plan, bonus potential; Company-paid state bar membership dues and charges, and mobile phone charges. The 
Company also pays reasonable and customary office operating expenses. The Company would pay for business travel on a 
mileage  basis  and  out  of  pocket  travel  costs.  However,  as  to  health  insurance,  Mr.  Sorensen  will  obtain  a  combination  of 
private/governmental  health  and  disability  insurance  in  lieu  of  the  Company  plans,  with  the  Company  reimbursing  up  to 
$13,000 per year in premiums incurred by him. 

On  February  19,  2015,  in  response  to  the  global  market  factors  affecting  revenues  from  sales  of  the  Company’s 
production of crude oil, the Board of Directors of the Company implemented reductions in the current compensation of the 
Company’s officers. 

As to the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and interim Chief Executive Officer Michael J. Rugen, Mr. Rugen’s 
salary as CFO and bonus as CEO was reduced effective February 2, 2015 by 18% from current levels, or about $42,000 per 
year. The 18% reduction will remain in place until the market price of crude oil, calculated as a thirty day trailing average of 
WTI  postings  as  published  by  the  U.S.  Energy  Information  Administration  meets  or  exceeds  $70  per  barrel  when  his 
compensation shall revert to the levels in place before the reductions became effective. At such time, if any, that the market 
price of crude oil, calculated as a thirty day trailing average of WTI postings as published by the U.S. Energy Information 
Administration meets or exceeds $85 per barrel, all previous reductions made will  be reimbursed to Mr. Rugen if he is still 
employed by the Company. Mr. Rugen expressly consented to this reduction as not constituting a “termination without Cause” 
under the terms of his Compensation Agreement dated September 18, 2013 but permitting him to invoke that provision in the 
event prices do recover as set out above but the compensation reduction is not rescinded or the reductions are not repaid. 

As to the Company’s Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary Cary V Sorensen, the Company and 
Mr. Sorensen reached agreement on February 25, 2015 that as of March 2, 2015 his annual salary would be set at $91,000 per 
annum, a reduction from his current salary of $137,500 per annum as described above. In addition, Mr. Sorensen’s $91,000 
salary will be reduced effective March 2, 2015 by 10%. In like manner as set out above for Mr. Rugen, the 10% reduction on 
Mr. Sorensen’s salary will remain in place until the market price of crude oil, calculated as a thirty day trailing average of WTI 
postings as published by the U.S. Energy Information Administration meets or exceeds $70 per barrel when his salary shall 
revert to $91,000 per annum. At such time, if any, that the market price of crude oil, calculated as a thirty day trailing average 
of WTI postings as published by the U.S. Energy Information Administration meets or exceeds $85 per barrel, all previous 
reductions made from the $91,000 salary level will be reimbursed to Mr. Sorensen if he is still employed by the Company. 

There are presently no other employment contracts relating to any member of management. However, depending upon 
the Company's operations and requirements, the Company may offer long-term contracts to executive officers or key employees 
in the future. 

Compensation and Stock Option Committee 

The  members  of  the  Compensation/Stock  Option  Committee  during  2017  were  Matthew  K.  Behrent,  Hughree  F. 
Brooks, and Richard M. Thon, with Mr. Brooks acting as Chairman.  Messrs. Behrent,  Brooks, and Thon meet the current 
independence standards established by the NYSE American Rules to serve on this Committee.  Mr. Brooks did not stand for 
reelection as a director at the annual meeting of shareholder of the Company held on December 12, 2017 and his term of office 
as a director ended at the conclusion of the meeting.  Mr. Thon has served as Chairman since Mr. Books’ term ended.   

The Board of Directors has adopted a charter for the Compensation/Stock Option Committee which is available at the 

Company’s internet website, www.tengasco.com. 

The Compensation/Stock Option Committee’s functions, in conjunction with the Board of Directors, are to provide 
recommendations  with  respect  to  general  and  specific  compensation  policies  and  practices  of  the  Company  for  directors, 
officers and other employees of the Company.  The Compensation/Stock Option Committee expects to periodically review the 
approach to executive compensation and to make changes as competitive conditions and other circumstances warrant and will 
seek  to  ensure  the  Company's  compensation  philosophy  is  consistent  with  the  Company's  best  interests  and  is  properly 
implemented. The Committee determines or recommends to the Board of Directors for determination the specific compensation 
of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and all of the Company’s other officers. Although the Committee may seek the 
input of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer in determining the compensation of the Company’s other executive officers, 
the  Chief  Executive  Officer  may  not  be  present  during  the  voting  or  deliberations  with  respect  to  his  compensation.  The 
Committee may not delegate any of its responsibilities unless it is to a subcommittee formed by the Committee, but only if 
such subcommittee consists entirely of directors who meet the independence requirements of the NYSE American Rules. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Compensation/Stock Option Committee is also charged with administering the Tengasco, Inc. Stock Incentive 
Plan  (the  “Stock  Incentive  Plan”).   The  Compensation/Stock  Option  Committee  has  complete  discretionary  authority  with 
respect to the awarding of options, stock, and Stock Appreciation Rights (“SARs”), under the Stock Incentive Plan, including, 
but not limited to, determining the individuals who shall receive options and SARs; the times when they shall receive them; 
whether an option shall be an incentive or a non-qualified stock option; whether an SAR shall be granted separately, in tandem 
with or in addition to an option; the number of shares to be subject to each option and SAR; the term of each option and SAR; 
the date each option and SAR shall become exercisable; whether an option or SAR shall be exercisable in whole, in part or in 
installments and the terms relating to such installments; the exercise price of each option and the base price of each SAR; the 
form of payment of the exercise price; the form of payment by the Company upon the exercise of an SAR; whether to restrict 
the sale or other disposition of the shares of common stock acquired upon the exercise of an option or SAR; to subject the 
exercise  of  all  or  any  portion  of  an  option  or  SAR  to  the  fulfillment  of  a  contingency,  and  to  determine  whether  such 
contingencies have been met; with the consent of the person receiving such option or SAR, to cancel or modify an option or 
SAR, provided such option or SAR as modified would be permitted to be granted on such date under the terms of the Stock 
Incentive Plan; and to make all other determinations necessary or advisable for administering the Plan. 

No changes in executive compensation occurred in 2017 and no formal meetings of the Compensation/Stock Option 
Committee were held in Fiscal 2017. The Committee has the authority to retain a compensation consultant or other advisors to 
assist it in the evaluation of compensation and has the sole authority to approve the fees and other terms of retention of such 
consultants and advisors and to terminate their services. The Committee did not retain any such consultants or advisors in 2017. 

Compensation of Directors 

The Board of Directors has resolved to compensate members of the Board of Directors for attendance at meetings at 
the rate of $250 per day, together with direct out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attendance at the meetings, including travel. 
The Directors, as of the date of this Report, have waived all such fees due to them for prior meetings. 

Members of the Board of Directors may also be requested to perform consulting or other professional services for the 
Company from time to time, although at this time no such arrangements are in place.  The Board of Directors has reserved to 
itself the right to review all directors' claims for compensation on an ad hoc basis. 

Board members currently receive fees from the Company for their services as director.   They may also from time to 
time be granted stock options or common stock under the Tengasco, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan. A separate plan to issue cash 
and/or shares of stock to independent directors for service on the Board and various committees was authorized by the Board 
of Directors and approved by the Company’s shareholders. A copy of that separate plan is posted at the Company’s website at 
www.tengasco.com. However, no award was made to any independent director under that separate plan in Fiscal 2017. 

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION FOR FISCAL 2017 

Name 

Matthew K. Behrent 

Hughree F. Brooks 

Richard M. Thon 

Peter E. Salas 
____________________ 

Fees earned or  
paid in cash 

Stock awards  
compensation4 

($) 

($) 

Total 

($) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 7,500   $ 

 1,235   $ 

 7,113   $ 

 1,235   $ 

 7,500   $ 

 1,235   $ 

 7,500   $ 

 1,235   $ 

 8,735 

 8,348 

 8,735 

 8,735 

(4)  The amounts represented in this column are equal to the aggregate grant date fair value of the award computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 
718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, in connection with options granted under the Tengasco, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan.  See Note 11 Stock and 
Stock Options in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2017 for information on the relevant valuation assumptions.  

As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Behrent held 7,500 unexercised options; Mr. Brooks held 7,500 unexercised options [all of which options expired thirty 
days after his term of office as a director ended on December 12, 2017]; Mr. Salas held 7,500 unexercised options; and Mr. Thon held 5,625 
unexercised options.  The number of unexercised options have been adjusted to reflect the impact of the 1 for 10 reverse stock split approved at the 
shareholder meeting dated March 21, 2016, effective with trading on March 24, 2016. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
ITEM  12.    SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDERS MATTERS 

The following table sets forth the shareholdings of those persons who own more than 5% of the Company's common 
stock as of March 26, 2018 with these computations being based upon 10,624,493 shares of common stock being outstanding 
as of that date and as to each shareholder, as it may pertain, assumes the exercise of options or warrants granted or held by such 
shareholder that are exercisable as of March 26, 2018. 

FIVE PERCENT STOCKHOLDERS 5 

Name and Address 
Dolphin Offshore Partners, L.P. 
c/o Dolphin Mgmt. Services, Inc. 
P.O. Box 16867 
Fernandina Beach, FL 32035 

____________________ 

Number of Shares 

Title 

Beneficially Owned 

Percent of Class 

  Stockholder 

 5,292,241  

49.8% 

(5)  Unless otherwise stated, all shares of Common Stock are directly held with sole voting and dispositive power.  The shares set forth in the table are as of 

March 26, 2018. 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS 

Name and Address 
Matthew K. Behrent (8) 

Michael J. Rugen (9) 

Peter E. Salas (10) 

Cary V. Sorensen (11) 

Number of Shares 

Percent of 

Title 

Beneficially Owned 6 

Class 7 

  Director 

  Chief Executive Officer 

(interim); 
Chief Financial Officer 

  Director; 

Chairman of the Board 

  Vice President; 

General Counsel; 
Secretary 

 66,400  

Less than 1% 

 38,098  

Less than 1% 

 5,299,741  

49.8% 

 23,623  

Less than 1% 

 32,625  

Less than 1% 

 5,460,487  

51.3% 

Richard M. Thon (12) 

  Director 

All Officers and Directors as a group (13) 

____________________ 

(6)  Unless otherwise stated, all shares of common stock are directly held with sole voting and dispositive power. The shares set forth in the table are as of 

March 26, 2018. 

(7)  Calculated pursuant to Rule 13d-3(d) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 based upon 10,624,493 shares of common stock being outstanding as 
of March 26, 2018.  Shares not outstanding that are subject to options or warrants exercisable by the holder thereof within 60 days of March 26, 2018 
are deemed outstanding for the purposes of calculating the number and percentage owned by such stockholder, but not deemed outstanding for the 
purpose of calculating the percentage of any other person.  Unless otherwise noted, all shares listed as beneficially owned by a stockholder are actually 
outstanding. 

(8)  Consists of 58,900 shares held directly and vested, fully exercisable options to purchase 7,500 shares. 

(9)  Consists of 38,098 shares held directly. 

(10)  Consists of directly, vested, fully exercisable options to purchase 7,500 shares, 4,000 shares held individually, and 5,288,241 shares held directly by 

Dolphin Offshore Partners, L.P. (“Dolphin”).  Peter E. Salas is the sole shareholder of and controlling person of Dolphin Mgmt. Services, Inc. which is 
the general partner of Dolphin. 

(11)  Consists of 23,623 shares held directly. 

37 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(12)  Consists of 27,000 shares held directly and vested, fully exercisable options to purchase 5,625 shares. 

(13)  Consists of 151,621 shares held directly by directors and management, 5,288,241 shares held by Dolphin and vested, and fully exercisable options to 

purchase 20,625 shares. 

Change in Control 

To the knowledge of the Company’s management, there are no present arrangements or  pledges of the Company’s 

securities which may result in a change in control of the Company. 

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s equity compensation plans as of December 31, 

2017. 

Number of securities to 

Weighted-average 

available for future issuance under 

be issued upon exercise 

exercise price of 

equity compensation plans 

of outstanding options, 

outstanding, options, 

(excluding securities 

Number of securities remaining  

Plan Category 

warrants and rights(a) 

warrants and rights(b) 

reflected in column (a)) (c) 

Equity compensation plans  
    approve by security holders 14   

Equity compensation plans not  
   approved by security holders 

Total 
____________________ 

 30,000   $ 

 3.73  

 —  

 30,000   $ 

 —  

 3.73  

 3,647,724 

 — 

 3,647,724 

(14)  Refers to Tengasco, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) which was adopted to provide an incentive to key employees, officers, directors and 

consultants of the Company and its present and future subsidiary corporations, and to offer an additional inducement in obtaining the services of such 
individuals.  The Plan provides for the grant to employees of the Company of “Incentive Stock Options” within the meaning of Section 422 of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, nonqualified stock options to outside Directors and consultants the Company and stock appreciation 
rights. The Plan was approved by the Company’s shareholders on June 26, 2001.  Initially, the Plan provided for the issuance of a maximum of 
1,000,000 shares of the Company’s $.001 par value common stock.  Thereafter, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted and the shareholders 
approved amendments to the Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the Plan to 7,000,000 shares.  The most recent 
amendment to the Plan increasing the number of shares that may be issued under the Plan by 3,500,000 shares and extending the Plan for another 10 
years was approved by the Company Board of Directors on February 1, 2008 and approved by the Company’s shareholders at the Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders held June 2, 2008. 

ITEM 13.     CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE 

Certain Transactions 

There have been no material transactions, series of similar transactions or currently proposed transactions entered into 
during 2017 and 2016, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries was or is to be a party, in which the amount involved 
exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of the Company’s total assets at year-end for its last two completed 
fiscal years in which any director or executive officer or any security holder who is known to the Company to own of record 
or beneficially more than 5% of the Company's common stock, or any member of the immediate family of any of the foregoing 
persons, had a material interest. 

In this Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company describes two transactions of the 
type described above, that the Company entered into with Hoactzin in 2007 that remained in existence in 2017 and 2016.   As 
noted  above  in  Item  1,  Business,  page  7,  Peter  E.  Salas,  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company,  is  the 
controlling person of Hoactzin and of Dolphin Offshore Partners, L.P., the Company’s largest shareholder. These two 2007 
transactions between the Company and Hoactzin are described at the following page locations in this Report and in the attached 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:  (1) the Ten Well Program, see Item 1, Business pages 7; and (2) the net profits 
agreement at the Methane Project, see Item 1, Business, pages 8 and F-12. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The approximate dollar value of the amount of Hoactzin’s interest in each of these two 2007 transactions during each 
of the years 2017 and 2016 was as follows: (1) Ten Well Program - $31,000 in 2017; and $25,000 in 2016 (calculated as the 
total payments attributable to Hoactzin for its program interest); and (2) Net Profits agreement at the Methane Project - $0 in 
2017 and 2016 (calculated as the amount of net profits payable to Hoactzin; the project generated no net profits as described in 
the agreement, and therefore no amount was paid to Hoactzin for net profits, in either 2017 or 2016). 

In  addition  to  the  two  2007  transactions,  Hoactzin  owns  a  drilling  program  interest  in  the  Company’s  “6  Well 
Program” in Kansas, acquired in 2005 by Hoactzin in exchange for surrender of the Company’s promissory notes given by the 
Company for borrowings to fund the redemption in 2004 of the Company’s three series of preferred stock, all as previously 
disclosed.  Hoactzin’s interest in the 6 Well Program was $10,000 in 2017; and $7,000 in 2016 (calculated as the total payments 
attributable to Hoactzin for its program interest) and is expected to decrease in the future as the wells involved naturally decline 
in produced volumes. 

In addition to the above, one transaction of the type described above was entered into in 2007 but has expired by its 
own terms.  On December 18, 2007, the Company entered into a Management Agreement with Hoactzin to manage on behalf 
of Hoactzin all of its working interest in certain oil and gas properties owned by Hoactzin and located in the onshore Texas 
Gulf Coast, and offshore Texas and offshore Louisiana. As part of the consideration for the Company’s agreement to enter into 
the Management Agreement, Hoactzin granted to the Company an option to participate in up to a 15% working interest on a 
dollar for dollar cost basis in any new drilling or workover activities undertaken on Hoactzin’s managed properties during the 
term of the Management Agreement.  The Management Agreement expired on December 18, 2012.   

The  Company  entered  into  a  transition  agreement  with  Hoactzin  whereby  the  Company  will  no  longer  perform 
operations, but will administratively assist Hoactzin in becoming operator of record of these wells and administratively assist 
Hoactzin in the transfer of the corresponding bonds from the Company to Hoactzin.  This assistance is primarily related to 
signing  the  necessary  documents  to  effectuate  this  transition.   Hoactzin  and  its  controlling  member  are  indemnifying  the 
Company for any costs or liabilities incurred by the Company resulting from such assistance, or the fact that the Company is 
the operator of record on certain of these wells.  As of the date of this Report, the Company continues to administratively assist 
Hoactzin with this transition process. 

As operator during the term of the Management Agreement that expired in 2012, the Company routinely contracted 
in  its  name  for  goods  and  services  with  vendors  in  connection  with  its  operation  of  the  Hoactzin  properties.   In  practice, 
Hoactzin directly paid these invoices for goods and services that were contracted in the Company’s name.  As a result of the 
operations performed by Hoactzin in late 2009 and  2010, Hoactzin  had significant past due balances to several  vendors, a 
portion of which were included on the Company’s balance sheet.  Payables related to these past due and ongoing operations 
remained outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016 in the amount of $159,000.  The Company has recorded the Hoactzin-
related payables and the corresponding receivable from Hoactzin as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 in its Consolidated Balance 
Sheets under “Accounts payable  – other” and “Accounts receivable  – related party”.  The outstanding balance of $159,000 
should not increase in the future.  However, Hoactzin has not made payments to reduce the $159,000 of past due balances from 
2009  and  2010  since  the  second  quarter  of  2012.  Based on  these  circumstances,  the  Company  has  elected  to  establish  an 
allowance  in  the  amount  of  $159,000  for  the  balances  outstanding  at  December  31,  2017  and  2016.   This  allowance  was 
recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets under “Accounts receivable – related party”.  The resulting balances 
recorded  in  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  under  “Accounts  receivable  –  related  party,  less  allowance  for 
doubtful accounts of $159” are $0 at December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

The  Company as designated operator of the  Hoactzin properties  was administratively  issued an  “Incident of Non-
Compliance” by BSEE during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 concerning one of Hoactzin’s operated properties.  This 
action  called  for  payment  of  a  civil  penalty  of  $386,000  for  failure  to  provide,  upon  request,  documentation  to  the  BSEE 
evidencing that certain safety inspections and tests had been conducted in 2011.  On July 14, 2015, the federal district court in 
the Eastern District of Louisiana affirmed the civil penalty without reduction.  The Company did not further appeal.  In the 
third quarter of 2015, the Company paid the civil penalty and statutory interest thereon from funds borrowed under  its credit 
facility.  In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company received a return of the cash collateral previously provided to RLI Insurance 
Company.  The Company has not advanced any funds to pay any obligations of Hoactzin and no borrowing capability of the 
Company has been used in connection with its obligations under the Management Agreement, except for those funds used to 
pay the civil penalty and interest thereon. 

During the second quarter of 2015, the Company received from Hoactzin a copy of an internal analysis prepared by 
Hoactzin setting out certain issues that Hoactzin may consider to form the basis of operational and other claims against the 
Company  primarily  under  the  Management  Agreement.    This  analysis  raised  issues  other  than  the  “Incident  of  Non-
Compliance” discussed above.  The Company is discussing this analysis, as well as the civil penalty discussed above, with 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hoactzin in an effort to determine whether there is possibility of a reasonable resolution of some or all of these matters on a 
negotiated basis. 

Director Independence 

The Rules of the NYSE American (the “NYSE American Rules”) of which the Company is a member require that an 
issuer, such as the Company, which is a Smaller Reporting Company pursuant to Regulation S-K Item 10(f)(1), maintain a 
board of directors of which at least one-half of the members are independent in that they are not officers of the Company and 
are free of any relationship that would interfere with the exercise of their independent judgment. The NYSE  American Rules 
also require that as a Smaller Reporting Company, the Company’s Board of Directors’ Audit Committee be comprised of at 
least two members all of whom qualify as independent under the criteria set forth in Rule 10 A-3 of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 and NYSE American Rule 803(b)(2)(c).   The Board of Directors has determined that the Company’s directors, 
Matthew K. Behrent, Hughree F. Brooks, and Richard M. Thon, are independent as defined by the NYSE American Rules, and 
that   Matthew  K.  Behrent  and  Richard  M.  Thon  are  also  independent  as  defined  by  Section  10A(m)(3)  of  the  Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934  and  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission;  and  that  none  of  these 
directors  have  any  relationship  which  would  interfere  with  the  exercise  of  his  independent  judgment  in  carrying  out  his 
responsibilities as a director.  Mr. Brooks did not stand for reelection as a director at the annual meeting of shareholder of the 
Company held on December 12, 2017 and his term of office as a director ended at the conclusion of the meeting.  In reaching 
its  determination,  the  Board  of  Directors  reviewed  certain  categorical  independence  standards  to  provide  assistance  in  the 
determination of director independence. The categorical standards are set forth below and provide that a director will not qualify 
as an independent director under the NYSE American Rules if: 

The Director is, or has been during the last three years, an employee or an officer of the Company or any of 

its affiliates; 

The  Director  has  received,  or  has  an  immediate  family  member15  who  has  received,  during  any  twelve 
consecutive months in the last three years any compensation from the Company in excess of $120,000, other than 
compensation  for  service  on  the  Board  of  Directors,  compensation  to  an  immediate  family  member  who  is  an 
employee of the Company other than an executive officer, compensation received as an interim executive officer or 
benefits under a tax-qualified retirement plan, or non-discretionary compensation; 

The Director is a member of the immediate family of an individual who is, or has been in any of the past 

three years, employed by the Company or any of its affiliates as an executive officer; 

The Director, or an immediate family  member, is a partner in, or controlling shareholder or an executive 
officer of, any for-profit business organization to which the Company made, or received, payments (other than those 
arising  solely  from  investments  in  the  Company’s  securities)  that  exceed  5%  of  the  Company’s  or  business 
organization’s consolidated gross revenues  for that  year, or $200,000, whichever is  more, in any of the past three 
years; 

The Director, or an immediate family member, is employed as an executive officer of another entity where 
at  any  time  during  the  most  recent  three  fiscal  years  any  of  the  Company’s  executives  serve  on  that  entity’s 
compensation committee; or 

The Director, or an immediate family member, is a current partner of the Company’s outside auditors, or was 
a partner or employee of the Company’s outside auditors who worked on the Company’s audit at any time during the 
past three years. 

The following additional categorical standards were employed by the Board in determining whether a director 

qualified as independent to serve on the Audit Committee and provide that a director will not qualify if: 

 

 

 

The Director directly or indirectly accepts any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from 
the Company or any of its subsidiaries; or 

The Director is an affiliated person16 of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. 

The  Director  participated  in  the  preparation  of  the  Company’s  financial  statements  at  any  time 
during the past three years. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The independent members of the Board meet as often as necessary to fulfill their responsibilities, but meet 

at least annually in executive session without the presence of non-independent directors and management. 

____________________ 

(15)  Under these categorical standards “immediate family member” includes a person’s spouse, parents, children, siblings, mother-in-law, father-in-law, 
brother-in-law, sister-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, and anyone who resides in such person’s home (other than a domestic employee). 

(16)  For purposes of this categorical standard, an “affiliated person of the Company” means a person that directly or indirectly through intermediaries’ 
controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. A person will not be considered to be in control of the Company, and 
therefore not an affiliate of the Company, if he is not the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly of more than 10% of any class of voting securities of 
the Company and he is not an executive officer of the Company.  Executive officers of an affiliate of the Company as well as a director who is also an 
employee of an affiliate of the Company will be deemed to be affiliates of the Company. 

ITEM 14.     PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES 

Audit and Non-Audit Fees 

The following table presents the fees for professional audit services rendered by the Company’s independent registered 
public accounting firm, for the audit of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and fees for professional audit 
services rendered for the quarterly reviews for the fiscal years  ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.  Hein & 
Associates LLP (“Hein”) performed these services for the year ended December 31, 2016, and the first three quarters of 2017.  
In  November  2017,  Hein  combined  with  Moss  Adams  LLP  (“Moss  Adams”)  and  Moss  Adams  was  selected  by  the  Audit 
Committee to continue as the Company’s independent accountants. 

AUDIT AND NON-AUDIT FEES 

Audit Fees 

Audit-Related Fees 

Tax Fees 

All Other Fees 

Total Fees 

2017 

Moss Adams 

2017 

Hein 

2016 

Hein 

  $ 

 73,500   $ 

 37,800   $ 

 111,300 

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 18,322 

 — 

 — 

  $ 

 73,500   $ 

 37,800   $ 

 129,622 

Audit  fees  include  fees  related  to  the  services  rendered  in  connection  with  the  annual  audit  of  the  Company’s 
consolidated financial statements, the quarterly reviews of the Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and the reviews of 
and other services related to statutory filings or engagements for the subject fiscal years. 

Audit-related fees are for assurance and related services by the principal accountants that are reasonably related to the 

performance of the audit or review of the Company’s financial statements. 

Tax Fees include services for (i) tax compliance, (ii) tax advice, (iii) tax planning and (iv) tax reporting. 

All  Other  Fees  includes  fees  for  all  other  services  provided  by  the  principal  accountants  not  covered  in  the  other 

categories such as litigation support, etc. 

All of the 2017 services described above were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to the SEC rule that requires 
audit committee pre-approval of audit and non-audit services provided by the Company’s independent auditors. The Audit 
Committee considered whether the provisions of such services, including non-audit services, by Hein and Moss Adams were 
compatible with maintaining its independence and concluded they were. 

41 

 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
PART IV. 

ITEM 15.     EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES 

A.                  The following documents are filed as part of this Report: 

1. 

Financial Statements: 

Consolidated Balance Sheets 

Consolidated Statements of Operations 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

2. 

Financial Schedules: 

Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is 
included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto. 

3. 

Exhibits. 

The following exhibits are filed with, or incorporated by reference into this Report: 

Exhibit Index 

Exhibit Number  Description 
3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.5 

10.6 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as of March 23, 2016 (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3 to registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2016 filed November 
14, 2016). 
Amended and Restated Bylaws as of November 13, 2014 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the 
registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed on March 30, 
2015). 
Agreement and Plan of Merger of Tengasco, Inc. (a Tennessee corporation with and into Tengasco, Inc., a 
Delaware corporation dated as of April 15, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to registrant’s 
Definitive Proxy Statement pursuant to Schedule 14a filed May 2, 2011). 
Tengasco, Inc. Incentive Stock Plan, as amended March 21, 2016 (Incorporated by reference to 
Attachment B to the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement pursuant to Schedule 14a filed February 10, 
2016) 
Loan and Security Agreement dated as of June 29, 2006 between Tengasco, Inc. and Citibank Texas, N.A. 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 29, 
2006). 
Subscription Agreement of Hoactzin Partners, L.P. for the Company’s ten well drilling program on its 
Kansas Properties dated August 3, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the registrant’s 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 filed March 31, 2008 [the “2007 
Form 10-K”]). 
Agreement and Conveyance of Net Profits Interest dated September 17, 2007 between Manufactured 
Methane Corporation as Grantor and Hoactzin Partners, LP as Grantee (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.16 to the 2007 Form 10-K). 
Agreement for Conditional Option for Exchange of Net Profits Interest for Convertible Preferred Stock 
dated September 17, 2007 between Tengasco, Inc., as Grantor and Hoactzin Partners, L.P., as Grantee 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the 2007 Form 10-K). 
Assignment of Notes and Liens Dated December 17, 2007 between Citibank, N.A., as Assignor, 
Sovereign Bank, as Assignee and Tengasco, Inc., Tengasco Land & Mineral Corporation and Tengasco 
Pipeline Corporation as Debtors  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the 2007 Form 10-K). 

42 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
10.7 

10.8 

10.9 

10.10 

10.11 

10.12 

10.13 

10.14* 

14 

23.1* 
31* 
32* 

99.1* 

101.INS* 
101.SCH* 
101.CAL* 
101.DEF* 
101.LAB* 
101.PRE* 

Management Agreement dated December 18, 2007 between Tengasco, Inc. and Hoactzin Partners, 
L.P.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the 2007 Form 10-K). 
Assignment of Credit Facility to F&M Bank and Trust Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.15 to the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed on 
March 31, 2011).  
Fourteenth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated October 24, 2013 between Tengasco, Inc. 
as borrower and F&M Bank & Trust Company as Lender (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to 
the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 filed on March 31, 
2014). 
Fifteenth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated March 17, 2014 between Tengasco, Inc. as 
borrower and F&M Bank & Trust Company as Lender (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the 
registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 filed on March 31, 
2014). 
Sixteenth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated September 23, 2014 between Tengasco, Inc. 
as borrower and Prosperity Bank as Lender (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the registrant’s 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed on March 30, 2015). 
Seventeenth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement dated March 16, 2015 between Tengasco, Inc. 
as borrower and Prosperity Bank as Lender (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the registrant’s 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed on March 30, 2015). 
Eighteenth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement between Tengasco, Inc. as borrower and 
Prosperity Bank as Lender dated March 28, 2016 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the 
registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed on March 30, 
2016). 
Amended and Restated Loan Agreement between Tengasco, Inc. and Prosperity Bank, effective March 
16, 2017. 
Code of Ethics (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
filed March 30, 2004). 
Consent of LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. 
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002 
Report of LaRoche Petroleum Consultants, Ltd. has been added to the filing for the year ended December, 
31, 2017 
XBRL Instance Document 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 
XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document 
XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document 
XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document 
XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document 

* Exhibit filed with this Report 

43 

 
 
 
 
  
SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

Dated: March 28, 2018 

Tengasco, Inc. 

(Registrant) 

By: s/ Michael J. Rugen 
Michael J. Rugen, 
Chief Executive Officer 
Principal Financial and Accounting Officer 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in their capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

s/ Matthew K. Behrent 
Matthew K. Behrent 

s/ Peter E. Salas 
Peter E. Salas 

s/ Richard M. Thon 
Richard M. Thon 

Title 

Director 

Director 

Director 

s/ Michael J. Rugen 
Michael J. Rugen 

Chief Executive Officer and 
Principal Financial Accounting Officer 

Date 

March 28, 2018 

March 28, 2018 

March 28, 2018 

March 28, 2018 

44 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. 
and Subsidiaries 

Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 

Reports of  Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms  
Consolidated Financial Statements 
Consolidated Balance Sheets  
Consolidated Statements of Operations  
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

F-2 

F-4 
F-6 
F-7 
F-8 
F-9 

F-1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of 
Tengasco, Inc. 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Tengasco, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of 
December 31, 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then 
ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the 
consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as 
of December 31, 2017, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Basis for Opinion 

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm 
registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be 
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit 
of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal 
control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial 
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating 
the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our 
opinion. 

/s/ Moss Adams LLP 

Denver, Colorado 
March 28, 2018 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017. 

F-2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders 
Tengasco, Inc. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Tengasco, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the 
“Company”) as of December 31, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity 
and cash flows for each of the two years in the period then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the 
responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  financial 
statements based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were 
we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration 
of  internal  control  over financial  reporting  as  a  basis  for  designing  audit  procedures that  are  appropriate  in  the 
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal 
control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a 
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement 
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the 
financial position of Tengasco, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016, and the results of their operations 
and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles.  

/s/ Hein & Associates LLP 

Denver, Colorado 
March 30, 2017 

F-3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
(In thousands, except per share and share data) 

Assets 

Current 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $14 

Accounts receivable-related party, less allowance for doubtful accounts 
of $159 

Inventory 

Other current assets 

Total current assets 

Loan fees, net 

Oil and gas properties, net (full cost accounting method) 

Manufactured Methane facilities, net 

Other property and equipment, net 

Deferred tax asset 

Total assets 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 185   $ 

 608  

 —  

 541  

 164  

 1,498  

 13  

 4,720  

 1,497  

 135  

 242  

 76 

 490 

 — 

 627 

 421 

 1,614 

 24 

 5,225 

 1,559 

 140 

 — 

  $ 

 8,105   $ 

 8,562 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

F-4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
(In thousands, except per share and share data) 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 

Current liabilities 

Accounts payable – trade 

Accounts payable – other 

Accrued liabilities 

Current maturities of long-term debt 

Total current liabilities 

Asset retirement obligation 

Long term debt, less current maturities 

Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) 

Stockholders’ equity 

Preferred stock, 25,000,000 shares authorized: 

Series A Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000 shares designated; 0 shares 
issued and outstanding              

Common stock, $.001 par value: authorized 100,000,000 Shares; 
10,619,924 and 6,097,723 shares issued and outstanding 

Additional paid in capital 

Accumulated deficit 

Total stockholders’ equity 

  $ 

 208   $ 

 159  

 203  

 41  

 611  

 2,270  

 49  

 2,930  

 —   

 11  

 58,253  

 (53,089)  

 5,175  

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 

  $ 

 8,105   $ 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

 303 

 159 

 274 

 55 

 791 

 2,046 

 2,447 

 5,284 

 —  

 6 

 55,787 

 (52,515) 

 3,278 

 8,562 

F-5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Operations 
(In thousands, except per share and share data) 

Year ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 4,683   $ 

 4,113   $ 

Revenues 

Oil and gas properties 

Methane facility 

Total revenues 

Cost and expenses 

Production costs and taxes 

Methane facility costs 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization 

General and administrative 

Impairment 

Total cost and expenses 

Net loss from operations 

Other income (expense) 

Net interest expense 

Gain on sale of assets 

Total other (expense) 

Loss from operations before income tax 

Deferred income tax benefit (expense) 

Net loss 

Net loss per share 

Basic 

Fully diluted 

Shares used in computing earnings per share 

Basic 

Diluted 

 580  

 5,263  

 3,444  

 489  

 924  

 1,171  

 —  

 6,028  

 (765)  

 (53)  

 2  

 (51)  

 (816)  

 242  

 559  

 4,672  

 3,064  

 357  

 1,139  

 1,405  

 2,805  

 8,770  

 5,631 

 533 

 6,164 

 3,731 

 493 

 2,676 

 2,069 

 14,526 

 23,495 

 (4,098)  

 (17,331) 

 (102)  

 1  

 (101)  

 (4,199)  

 —  

 (80) 

 41 

 (39) 

 (17,370) 

 (7,351) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 (574)   $ 

 (4,199)   $ 

 (24,721) 

 (0.06)   $ 

 (0.06)   $ 

 (0.69)   $ 

 (0.69)   $ 

 (4.06) 

 (4.06) 

 10,081,218  

 6,091,028  

 6,084,241 

 10,081,218  

 6,091,028  

 6,084,241 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

F-6 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 
(In thousands, except per share and share data) 

Common Stock 

Paid-in 

  Accumulated   

Shares 

Amount 

Capital 

Deficit 

Total 

Balance, December 31, 2014 

 6,084,241   $ 

 6   $ 

 55,758   $ 

 (23,595)   $ 

 32,169 

Net loss 

Compensation expense related to options issued 

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 12    

 (24,721)    

 (24,721) 

 —    

 12 

Balance, December 31, 2015 

 6,084,241   $ 

 6   $ 

 55,770   $ 

 (48,316)   $ 

 7,460 

Net loss 

Compensation expense related to options issued 

Compensation expense related to stock issued 

True up shares due to reverse stock split 

 —    

 —    

 12,641    

 841    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 3    

 14    

 —    

 (4,199)    

 (4,199) 

 —    

 —    

 —    

 3 

 14 

 — 

Balance, December 31, 2016 

 6,097,723   $ 

 6   $ 

 55,787   $ 

 (52,515)   $ 

 3,278 

Net loss 

Compensation expense related to stock issued 

Shares issued for rights offering 

Balance, December 31, 2017 

 —    

 23,503    

 4,498,698    

 —    

 —    

 5    

 —    

 14    

 2,452    

 (574)    

 —    

 —    

 10,619,924   $ 

 11   $ 

 58,253   $ 

 (53,089)   $ 

 (574) 

 14 

 2,457 

 5,175 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

F-7 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(In thousands) 

Operating activities 

Net loss from operations 

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

Year Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 (574)   $ 

 (4,199)   $ 

 (24,721) 

Depreciation, depletion, and amortization 

Amortization of loan fees-interest expenses 

Accretion of discount on asset retirement obligation 

Impairment 

Gain on sale of vehicles/equipment 

Compensation and services paid in stock / stock options 

Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 

Changes in assets and liabilities 

Restricted cash 

Accounts receivable 

Inventory and other assets 

Accounts payable 

Accrued liabilities 

Settlement on asset retirement obligations 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

Investing activities 

Additions to oil and gas properties 

Sale of oil and gas properties 

Additions to Manufactured Methane facilities 

Additions to other property & equipment 

Proceeds from sale of other property & equipment 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Financing activities 

Proceeds from rights offering 

Issuance cost of rights offering 

Proceeds from borrowings 

Repayment of borrowings 

Loan fees 

Net cash provided by financing activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 

Supplemental cash flow information: 

Cash interest payments 

Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities: 

Financed company vehicles 

Cost of stock issuance in rights offering 

Asset retirement obligations incurred 

Revisions to asset retirement obligations 

Capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

 924   

 20   

 141   

 —  

 (2)  

 14   

 (242)  

 —  

 (118)  

 203   

 (95)  

 (64)  

 (53)  

 154   

 (169)  

 7   

 —  

 (17)  

 —  

 (179)  

 2,699   

 (102)  

 400   

 (2,854)  

 (9)  

 134   

 109   

 76   

 1,139   

 11   

 143   

 2,805   

 —  

 17   

 —  

 —  

 (46)  

 (238)  

 (482)  

 (89)  

 (73)  

 (1,012)  

 (397)  

 44   

 (47)  

 (5)  

 4   

 (401)  

 —  

 —  

 3,850   

 (2,376)  

 (25)  

 1,449   

 36   

 40   

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 185    $ 

 76    $ 

 33    $ 

 91    $ 

 81    $ 

 (140)   $ 

 1    $ 

 138    $ 

 —   $ 

 23    $ 

 —   $ 

 2    $ 

 (210)   $ 

 7    $ 

 2,676  

 10  

 126  

 14,526  

 (41) 

 12  

 7,351  

 386  

 432  

 198  

 (58) 

 (398) 

 (17) 

 482  

 (570) 

 — 

 — 

 (1) 

 30  

 (541) 

 — 

 — 

 4,300  

 (4,234) 

 (2) 

 64  

 5  

 35  

 40  

 70  

 140  

 — 

 — 

 112  

 — 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

F-8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies 

Tengasco, Inc. (the “Company”) is a Delaware corporation.  The Company is in the business of exploration for and 

production of oil and natural gas.  The Company’s primary area of exploration and production is in Kansas.  

The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Tengasco Pipeline Corporation (“TPC”) owned and operated a pipeline 
which it constructed to transport natural gas from the Company’s Swan Creek Field to customers in Kingsport, Tennessee.  The 
Company sold all its pipeline assets on August 16, 2013. 

The  Company’s  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Manufactured  Methane  Corporation  (“MMC”)  operated  treatment  and 
delivery facilities in Church Hill, Tennessee for the extraction of methane gas from a landfill for eventual sale as natural gas 
and for the generation of electricity.  The Company sold all its methane facility assets on January 26, 2018. 

Principles of Consolidation 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”).  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, 
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries after elimination of all significant intercompany transactions and balances. 

Use of Estimates 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  conformity  with  U.S.  GAAP  which  require 
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts  of assets and liabilities at the dates of the 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.  Significant estimates 
include reserve quantities and estimated future cash flows associated with proved reserves, which significantly impact depletion 
expense and potential impairments of oil and natural gas properties, income taxes and  the valuation of deferred tax assets, 
stock-based compensation and commitments and contingencies.  We analyze our estimates based on historical experience and 
various  other  assumptions  that  we  believe  to  be  reasonable.  While  we  believe  that  our  estimates  and  assumptions  used  in 
preparation of the consolidated financial statements are appropriate, actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil, natural gas, methane gas, and electricity sold to purchasers 
at  a  fixed  or  determinable  price,  when  delivery  has  occurred  and  title  has  transferred,  and  collectability  is  reasonably 
assured.  Crude oil is stored and at the time of delivery to the purchasers, revenues are recognized.  There were no natural gas 
imbalances at December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.  Methane gas and electricity sales meters are located at the Carter 
Valley landfill site and sales of electricity are recognized each month based on metered volumes.  No methane gas was sold 
during the years ended December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.  Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 
2014-09  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers.    The  Company  does  not  expect  this  to  have  a  material  impact  on  our 
consolidated financial statements or results of operations. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  include  temporary  cash  investments  with  a  maturity  of  ninety  days  or  less  at  date  of 

purchase. 

Inventory 

Inventory consists of crude oil in tanks and is carried at lower of cost or market value.  The cost component of the oil 
inventory is calculated using the average quarterly per barrel cost for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 
2016, which includes production costs and taxes, allocated general and administrative costs, depletion, and allocated interest 
cost.   The  market  component  is  calculated  using  the  average  December  2017  and  December  2016  oil  sales  price  for  the 
Company’s  Kansas  properties.   In  addition,  the  Company  also  carried  equipment  and  materials  to  be  used  in  its  Kansas 
operation and is carried at the lower of cost or market value.  The cost component of the equipment and materials inventory 
represents the original cost paid for the equipment and materials.  The market component is based on estimated sales value for 

F-9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

similar equipment and materials at the end of each year.  At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, inventory consisted 
of the following (in thousands): 

Oil – carried at lower of cost or market 

Equipment and materials – carried at market 

Total inventory 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 436   $ 

 105  

  $ 

 541   $ 

 505 

 122 

 627 

During 2016, the Company recorded an $88,000 impairment of its equipment and materials inventory.  This impairment was 
a result of a 2016 decrease in the estimated sales value for similar equipment.  

Oil and Gas Properties 

The  Company  follows  the  full  cost  method  of  accounting  for  oil  and  gas  property  acquisition,  exploration,  and 
development activities.  Under this method, all costs incurred in connection with acquisition, exploration, and development of 
oil  and  gas  reserves  are  capitalized.   Capitalized  costs  include  lease  acquisitions,  seismic  related  costs,  certain  internal 
exploration costs, drilling, completion, and estimated asset retirement costs. The capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, plus 
estimated  future  development  costs  relating  to  proved  reserves  and  estimated  asset  retirement  costs  which  are  not  already 
included net of estimated salvage value, are amortized on the unit-of-production method based on total proved reserves. The 
Company has determined its reserves based upon reserve reports provided by LaRoche Petroleum Consultants Ltd. since 2009. 
The  costs  of  unproved  properties  are  excluded  from  amortization  until  the  properties  are  evaluated,  subject  to  an  annual 
assessment of whether impairment has occurred.  The Company had $0 and $106,000 in unevaluated properties as of December 
31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Proceeds from the sale of oil and gas properties are accounted for as reductions to capitalized 
costs unless such sales cause a significant change in the relationship between costs and the estimated value of proved reserves, 
in which case a gain or loss is recognized. 

At the end of each reporting period, the Company performs a “ceiling test” on the value of the net capitalized cost of 
oil and gas properties. This test compares the net capitalized cost (capitalized cost of oil and gas properties, net of accumulated 
depreciation, depletion and amortization and related deferred income taxes) to the present value of estimated future net revenues 
from oil and gas properties using an average price (arithmetic average of the beginning of month prices for the prior 12 months) 
and current cost discounted at 10%  plus cost of properties not being amortized and the lower of cost or estimated  fair value 
of unproven properties included in the cost being amortized (ceiling). If the net capitalized cost is greater than the ceiling, a 
write-down  or  impairment  is  required.   A  write-down  of  the  carrying  value  of  the  asset  is  a  non-cash  charge  that  reduces 
earnings in the current period.  Once incurred, a write-down may not be reversed in a later period. 

Asset Retirement Obligation 

An asset retirement obligation associated with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset is recognized as a liability 
in the period incurred, with an associated increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset, our oil and natural gas 
properties. The cost of the tangible asset, including the asset retirement cost, is depleted over the useful life of the asset. The 
asset retirement obligation is recorded at its estimated fair value, measured by reference to the expected future cash outflows 
required  to  satisfy  the  retirement  obligation  discounted  at  our  credit-adjusted  risk-free  interest  rate.  Accretion  expense  is 
recognized over time as the discounted liability is accreted to its expected settlement value. Accretion expense is recorded as 
“Production costs and taxes” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  If the estimated future cost of the asset retirement 
obligation changes, an adjustment is recorded to both the asset retirement obligation and the long-lived asset. Revisions to 
estimated asset retirement obligations can result from changes in retirement cost estimates, revisions to estimated inflation 
rates, and changes in the estimated timing of abandonment. 

Manufactured Methane Facilities 

The Manufactured Methane facilities were placed into service in April 2009 and  were being depreciated using the 
straight-line method over the useful life based on the estimated landfill closure date of December 2041.  The Company sold all 
its methane facility assets, except the applicable U.S. patent, on January 26, 2018. 

F-10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Other Property and Equipment 

Other  property  and  equipment  is  carried  at  cost.   The  Company  provides  for  depreciation  of  other  property  and 
equipment using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range from two to seven years.  Net 
gains  or  losses  on  other  property  and  equipment  disposed  of  are  included  in  operating  income  in  the  period  in  which  the 
transaction occurs. 

Stock-Based Compensation 

The Company records stock-based compensation to employees based on the estimated fair value of the award at grant 
date.  We recognize expense on a straight line basis over the requisite service period. For stock-based compensation that vests 
immediately, the Company recognizes the entire expense in the quarter in which the stock-based compensation is granted.  The 
Company recorded compensation expense of $14,000 in 2017, $17,000 in 2016, and $12,000 in 2015. 

Accounts Receivable 

Accounts receivable consist of uncollateralized joint interest owner obligations due within 30 days of the invoice date, 
uncollateralized accrued revenues due under normal trade terms, generally requiring payment within 30 days of production, 
and other miscellaneous receivables. No interest is charged on past-due balances. Payments made on accounts receivable are 
applied to the earliest unpaid items. We review accounts receivable periodically and reduce the carrying amount by a valuation 
allowance that reflects our best estimate of the amount that may not be collectible. An allowance was recorded at December 
31, 2017 and 2016.  At December 31, 2017 and 2016, accounts receivable consisted of the following (in thousands): 

Revenue 

Joint interest 

Other 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 

Total accounts receivable 

Income Taxes 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 570   $ 

 23  

 29  

 (14)  

  $ 

 608   $ 

 476 

 21 

 7 

 (14) 

 490 

Income taxes are reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires the establishment of deferred tax accounts 
for all temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using currently enacted 
federal and state income tax rates.  In addition, deferred tax accounts must be adjusted to reflect new rates if enacted into law. 

At  December  31,  2017,  federal  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  amounted  to  approximately  $30.2  million  which 
expire between 2019 and 2036. The net total deferred tax asset was $242,000 at December 31, 2017 and $0 at 2016.  In 2017, 
The Company released a portion of the allowance related to the Company’s Minimum Tax Credit (“MTC”) as a result of the 
2017 Tax Act.  The Company recorded an allowance on the remaining deferred tax asset at December 31, 2017 primarily due 
to cumulative losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 31, 2017.  The Company recorded a full allowance against 
the deferred tax asset at December 31, 2016 primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 
31, 2016. 

Realization of deferred tax assets is contingent on the generation of future taxable income.  As a result, management 
considers whether it is more likely than not that all or a portion of such assets will be realized during periods when they are 
available, and if not, management provides a valuation allowance for amounts not likely to be recognized. 

Management periodically evaluates tax reporting methods to determine if any uncertain tax positions exist that would 
require the establishment of a loss contingency.  A loss contingency would be recognized if it were probable that a liability has 
been incurred as of the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. 

F-11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The amount recognized is subject to estimates and management’s judgment with respect to the likely outcome of each 
uncertain tax position.  The amount that is ultimately incurred for an individual uncertain tax position or for all uncertain tax 
positions in the aggregate could differ from the amount recognized. 

Concentration of Credit Risk 

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of 
cash and accounts receivable.  Cash and cash equivalents are maintained at financial institutions and, at times, balances may 
exceed federally insured limits. The Company has never experienced any losses related to these balances. 

The  Company’s  primary  business  activities  include  oil  sales  to  a  limited  number  of  customers  in  the  state  of 
Kansas.  The related trade receivables subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk.  The Company sells a majority of 
its crude oil primarily to two customers in Kansas.  Although management believes that customers could be replaced in the 
ordinary course of business, if the present customers were to discontinue business with the Company, it may have a significant 
adverse effect on the Company’s projected results of operations. 

Revenue  from  the  top  three  purchasers  accounted  for  75.3%,  13.1%,  and  11.0%  of  total  revenues  for  year  ended 
December 31, 2017.  Revenue from the top three purchasers accounted for 73.9%, 13.1%, and 12.0% of total revenues for year 
ended December 31, 2016.  Revenue from the top three purchasers accounted for 74.5%, 16.1%, and 8.6% of total revenues 
for year ended December 31, 2015.  As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, two of the Company’s oil purchasers accounted for 
76.2% and 84.1%, respectively of accounts receivable, of which one oil purchaser accounted for 63.2% and 71.0%, respectively. 

Earnings per Common Share 

The Company reports basic earnings per common share, which excludes the effect of potentially dilutive securities, 
and diluted earnings per common share which include the effect of all potentially dilutive securities unless their impact is anti-
dilutive. The following are reconciliations of the numerators and denominators of the Company’s basic and diluted earnings 
per share, (in thousands except for share and per share amounts): 

Income (numerator): 

Net loss 

Weighted average shares (denominator): 

Weighted average shares - basic 

For the years ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 (574)   $ 

 (4,199)   $ 

 (24,721) 

 10,081,218  

 6,091,028  

 6,084,241 

Dilution effect of share-based compensation, treasury method 

 —  

 —  

 — 

Weighted average shares - dilutive 

Loss per share – Basic and Dilutive: 

Basic 

Dilutive 

 10,081,218  

 6,091,028  

 6,084,241 

  $ 

  $ 

 (0.06)   $ 

 (0.06)   $ 

 (0.69)   $ 

 (0.69)   $ 

 (4.06) 

 (4.06) 

For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, 114 and 760 shares, respectively, were excluded from dilutive shares as 
they would have been anti-dilutive.  The 114 and 760 shares excluded from the dilutive share calculation represents shares 
calculated using the treasury method for options issued to the Company’s directors in which the exercise price was lower 
than the average market price each quarter.  In addition, options issued to the Company’s directors in which the exercise price 
was higher than the average market price each quarter was also excluded from diluted shares as they would have been anti-
dilutive. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

The  carrying  amounts  of  financial  instruments  including  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable,  accounts 

payables, accrued liabilities and long term debt approximates fair value as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

F-12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Derivative Financial Instruments 

The  Company  uses  derivative  instruments  to  manage  our  exposure  to  commodity  price  risk  on  sales  of  oil 
production.  The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for speculative trading purposes.  The Company presents 
the fair value of derivative contracts on a net basis where the right to offset is provided for in our counterparty agreements.  As 
of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not have any open derivatives. 

Reclassifications 

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation with no effect on net income. 

2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 
No. 2014–09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”). This ASU, as amended, superseded virtually all of 
the revenue recognition guidance in generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The core principle of the 
five–step model is that an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers control of goods or services to customers at an amount 
that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Entities can choose to 
apply the standard using either the full retrospective approach or a modified retrospective approach. The provisions of ASU 
2014–09 are applicable to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual 
periods. We have implemented ASU 2014-09 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach.  To date, the 
Company has identified the contracts with each of its customers and the separate performance obligations associated with each 
of these contracts.  Based on the evaluation performed to date, we have identified similar performance obligations as compared 
with deliverables and separate units of account previously identified, and we do not expect any change related to the allocation 
of the transaction price and the timing of our revenue to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or 
results of operations. 

In  February  2016,  the  FASB  issued  Update  2016-02  Leases  (Topic  842).    This  guidance  was  issued  to  increase 
transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and 
disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 
15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early application of the amendments in this Update is permitted 
for all entities.  To date, the Company has identified each of its leases and is in the process of determining the impact of  this 
new guidance on each of the identified leases.  The Company does not expect this to impact its operating results or cash flows, 
however, the Company does expect to carry a portion of future lease costs as an asset and a liability on its balance sheet. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued Update 2016-09 Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements 
to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  This guidance simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based 
payment  transactions,  including  the  income  tax  consequences,  classification  of  awards  as  either  equity  or  liabilities,  and 
classification on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, 
and  interim  periods  within  those  annual  periods.  The  company  implement  this  in  2017  with  no  impact  on  the  Company’s 
operating results or cash flows. 

In August 2016, the FASB issued Update 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain 
Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.  This amendment provides guidance on certain cash flow classification issues, thereby 
reducing the current and potential future diversity in practice. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after 
December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for any entity in any interim 
or annual period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the 
beginning  of  the  fiscal  year  that  includes  that  interim  period.  An  entity  that  elects  early  adoption  must  adopt  all  of  the 
amendments in the same period.  The Company does not expect this to impact operating results or cash flows. 

3. Related Party Transactions 

On September 17, 2007, Hoactzin Partners, L.P. (“Hoactzin”) subscribed to a drilling program offered by the Company 
consisting of wells to be drilled on the Company’s Kansas Properties (the “Program”).  Peter E. Salas, the Chairman of the 
Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company,  is  the  controlling  person  of  Hoactzin  and  of  Dolphin  Offshore  Partners,  L.P.,  the 
Company’s largest shareholder.  Hoactzin was also conveyed a net profits interest in the MMC facility at the Carter Valley 
municipal solid waste landfill owned and operated by Republic Services, Inc. in Church Hill, Tennessee where the Company 
installed a propriety combination of advanced gas treatment technology to extract the methane component of the purchased gas 

F-13 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

stream (the “Methane Project”).  The net profits interest owned by Hoactzin during 2017 was 7.5% of the net profits as defined 
by agreement and takes into account specific costs and expenses as well as gross gas revenues for the project.  As a result of 
the startup costs, monthly operating expenses, and gas production levels experienced, no net profits as defined were realized 
during the period from the project startup in April, 2009 through December 31, 2017 for payment to Hoactzin under the net 
profits interest.  Since the start of 2014, there have been no methane gas sales or revenues, and consequently no net profits 
attributable to Hoactzin’s net profits interest.   

On December 18, 2007, the Company entered into a Management Agreement with Hoactzin to manage on behalf of 
Hoactzin all of its working interest in certain oil and gas properties owned by Hoactzin and located in the onshore Texas Gulf 
Coast, and offshore Texas and offshore Louisiana. As part of the consideration for the Company’s agreement to enter into the 
Management Agreement, Hoactzin granted to the Company an option to participate in up to a 15% working interest on a dollar 
for dollar cost basis in any new drilling or workover activities undertaken on Hoactzin’s managed properties during the term 
of the Management Agreement.  The Management Agreement expired on December 18, 2012.   

The Company entered into a transition agreement with Hoactzin whereby the Company no longer performs operations, 
but administratively assists Hoactzin in becoming operator of record of these wells and transferring all bonds from the Company 
to Hoactzin.  This assistance is primarily related to signing the necessary documents to effectuate this transition.  Hoactzin and 
its controlling member are indemnifying the Company for any costs or liabilities incurred by the Company resulting from such 
assistance, or the fact that the Company is the operator of record on certain of these wells.  As of the date of this Report, the 
Company continues to administratively assist Hoactzin with this transition process.   

As operator during the term of the Management Agreement that expired in 2012, the Company routinely contracted 
in  its  name  for  goods  and  services  with  vendors  in  connection  with  its  operation  of  the  Hoactzin  properties.   In  practice, 
Hoactzin directly paid these invoices for goods and services that were contracted in the Company’s name.  As a result of the 
operations performed in late 2009 and early 2010, Hoactzin had significant past due balances to several vendors, a portion of 
which were included on the Company’s balance sheet.  Payables related to these past due and ongoing operations remained 
outstanding  at  December  31,  2017  and  December  31,  2016  in  the  amount  of  $159,000.   The  Company  has  recorded  the 
Hoactzin-related payables and the corresponding receivable from Hoactzin as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 
in  its  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  under  “Accounts  payable  –  other”  and  “Accounts  receivable  –  related  party”.   The 
outstanding balance of $159,000 should not increase in the future.  However, Hoactzin has not made payments to reduce the 
$159,000  of  past  due  balances  from  2009  and  2010  since  the  second  quarter  of  2012.   Based  on  these  circumstances,  the 
Company has elected to record an allowance in the amount of $159,000 for the balances outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 
December 31, 2016.  This allowance was recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets under “Accounts receivable 
– related party”.  The resulting balances recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets under “Accounts receivable 
– related party, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $159” are $0 at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.  

4. Oil and Gas Properties 

The following table sets forth information concerning the Company’s oil and gas properties: (in thousands): 

Oil and gas properties 

Unevaluated properties 

Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization 

Oil and gas properties, net 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 5,704   $ 

 5,315 

 —  

 (984)  

 106 

 (196) 

  $ 

 4,720   $ 

 5,225 

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, the Company recorded depletion expense of $796,000, 
$1.0 million, and $2.5 million, respectively.  In addition, as a result of the ceiling test impairments during 2015 and the first 
three quarters of 2016, the accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization was been netted against the cost to reflect the 
post impairment value of the oil and gas properties.  As  no ceiling test impairment  was  recorded during the quarter ended 
December 31, 2016, nor during any of the quarters ended in 2017, these amounts were not netted against cost, but remained in 
accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. 

F-14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

5. Manufactured Methane Facilities 

The following table sets forth information concerning the Manufactured Methane facilities: (in thousands): 

Manufactured Methane facilities, net of impairment 

Accumulated depreciation 

Manufactured Methane facilities, net 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 1,681   $ 

 (184)  

  $ 

 1,497   $ 

 1,681 

 (122) 

 1,559 

During each of the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, the Company recorded depreciation expense of 

$62,000, $62,000, and $60,000, respectively.  

6. Other Property and Equipment 

Other property and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31, 2017: (in thousands) 

Type 

Machinery and equipment 

Vehicles 

Other 

Total 

Depreciable 

Accumulated 

Net Book  

 Life 

Gross Cost 

 Depreciation 

Value 

5-7 yrs 

  $ 

 20   $ 

 20   $ 

2-5 yrs 

5 yrs 

 318  

 63  

 183  

 63  

  $ 

 401   $ 

 266   $ 

 — 

 135 

 — 

 135 

Other property and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31, 2016: (in thousands) 

Type 

Machinery and equipment 

Vehicles 

Other 

Total 

Depreciable 

Accumulated 

Net Book  

 Life 

Gross Cost 

 Depreciation 

Value 

5-7 yrs 

  $ 

 20   $ 

 20   $ 

2-5 yrs 

5 yrs 

 339  

 63  

 199  

 63  

  $ 

 422   $ 

 282   $ 

 — 

 140 

 — 

 140 

The Company uses the straight-line method of depreciation for other property and equipment.  During each of the 
years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  the  Company  recorded  depreciation  expense  of  $66,000,  $69,000,  and 
$77,000, respectively. 

F-15 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

7. Long-Term Debt 

Long-term debt consisted of the following: (in thousands) 

Note payable to a bank, with interest only payment until maturity. 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 2,400 

December 31, 

2017 

2016 

Installment notes bearing interest at the rate of 4.16% to 4.6% per annum collateralized 
by vehicles with monthly payments including interest, insurance and maintenance of 
approximately $10 

 90  

 102 

Future debt payments to unrelated entities as of December 31, 2017 consisted of the following: (in thousands) 

Bank Credit Facility 

Company Vehicles 

Total 

2018 

2019 

Total 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 41   $ 

 41   $ 

 —   $ 

 49   $ 

 49   $ 

 — 

 90 

 90 

At December 31, 2017, the Company had a revolving credit facility with Prosperity Bank.  This is the Company’s 
primary source to fund working capital and future capital spending.  Under the credit facility, loans and letters of credit are 
available  to  the  Company  on  a  revolving  basis  in  an  amount  outstanding  not  to  exceed  the  lesser  of  $50  million  or  the 
Company’s borrowing base in effect from time to time. As of December 31, 2017, the Company’s borrowing base was $1.25 
million.  The borrowing base was increased to approximately $2.0 million with the March 21, 2018 amendment to the credit 
agreement.  This increase was primarily related to increase in oil prices.  The credit facility is secured by substantially all of 
the Company’s producing and non-producing oil and gas properties.  The credit facility includes certain covenants with which 
the Company is required to comply.  At December 31, 2017, these covenants include the following: (a) Current Ratio > 1:1; 
(b) Funded Debt to EBITDA < 3.5x; and (c) Interest Coverage > 3.0x.  The Company was incompliance with all covenants 
each quarter end during 2017. 

On March 21, 2018, the Company’s senior credit facility with Prosperity Bank after Prosperity Bank’s most recent 
review of the Company’s currently owned producing properties was amended to increase the borrowing base to $2.0 million 
and  the  maturity  date  was  extended  to  July  31,  2020.    The  borrowing  base  remains  subject  to  the  existing  periodic 
redetermination provisions in the credit facility. The interest rate remained prime plus 0.50% per annum.  This rate was 5.00% 
at the date of the amendment.  The maximum line of credit of the Company under the Prosperity Bank credit facility remained 
$50 million and the Company had no outstanding borrowing under the facility as of March 28, 2018.   

The total borrowing by the Company under the facility at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was  $0 and 
$2.4 million, respectively.  As disclosed in previous Company filings, on February 13, 2017, 4,498,698 common shares were 
issued to participants of the Company’s rights offering which closed on February 2, 2017.  Of the 4,498,698 common shares 
issued, 3,293,407 were issued to the Company’s directors, management, and affiliates.  The Company received approximately 
$2.7 million in proceed from this offering.  The proceeds were used primarily to pay off the Company’s credit facility.  The 
next borrowing base review will take place in July 2018. 

8. Liquidity 

The Company incurred a net loss of approximately $574,000 in 2017 and $4.2 million in 2016.  In January 2018, the 

Company sold its methane facility for $2.65 million.  During 2018, the Company believes its revenues as well as the 
proceeds received from the sale of the methane facility will be sufficient to fund operating and general and administrative 
expenses and to remain in compliance with its bank covenants.  If revenues and the proceeds from the sale of the methane 
facility are not sufficient to fund these expenses or if the Company needs additional funds for capital spending, the Company 
could borrow funds against the credit facility as this facility currently has a $2.0 million borrowing base with no funds 

F-16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

currently drawn.  In addition, if required, the Company could also issue additional shares of stock and/or sell assets as needed 
to further fund operations. 

9. Commitments and Contingencies 

The  Company as designated operator of the  Hoactzin properties  was administratively  issued an  “Incident of Non-
Compliance” by BSEE during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 concerning one of Hoactzin’s operated properties.  This 
action  called  for  payment  of  a  civil  penalty  of  $386,000  for  failure  to  provide,  upon  request,  documentation  to  the  BSEE 
evidencing that certain safety inspections and tests had been conducted in 2011.  On July 14, 2015, the federal district court in 
the Eastern District of Louisiana affirmed the civil penalty without reduction.  The Company did not further appeal.  In the 
third quarter of 2015, the Company paid the civil penalty and statutory interest thereon from funds borrowed under its credit 
facility.  In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company received a return of the cash collateral previously provided to RLI Insurance 
Company.  The Company has not advanced any funds to pay any obligations of Hoactzin and no borrowing capability of the 
Company has been used in connection with its obligations under the Management Agreement, except for those funds used to 
pay the civil penalty and interest thereon. 

During the second quarter of 2015, the Company received from Hoactzin a copy of an internal analysis prepared by 
Hoactzin setting out certain issues that Hoactzin may consider to form the basis of operational and other claims against the 
Company  primarily  under  the  Management  Agreement.    This  analysis  raised  issues  other  than  the  “Incident  of  Non-
Compliance” discussed above.  The Company is discussing this analysis, as well as the civil penalty discussed above, with 
Hoactzin in an effort to determine whether there is possibility of a reasonable resolution of some or all of these matters on a 
negotiated basis. 

Cost Reduction Measures 

Commencing in the quarter ended March 31, 2015 and continuing through the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the 
Company implemented cost reduction measures including compensation reductions for each employee as well as members of 
the Board of Directors.  These compensation reductions will remain in place until such time, if any, that the market price of 
crude  oil,  calculated  as  a  thirty  day  trailing  average  of  WTI  postings  as  published  by  the  U.S.  Energy  Information 
Administration meets or exceeds $70 per barrel when compensation shall revert to the levels in place before the reductions 
became effective. At such time, if any, that the market price of crude oil, calculated as a  thirty day trailing average of WTI 
postings as published by the U.S. Energy Information Administration meets or exceeds $85 per barrel, all previous reductions 
made will be reimbursed, a portion which may be paid in stock, to each employee and members of the Board of Directors if is 
still employed by the Company or still a member of the Board of Directors.  For the period January 1, 2015 through December 
31, 2017, the reductions were approximately  $395,000.  The Company has not accrued any liabilities associated with these 
compensation reductions. 

Legal Proceedings 

The Company was named as a defendant in a breach of contract lawsuit titled Offshore Oilfield Services, Inc. v. Prime 
8 Offshore, LLC and Tengasco, Inc., No 201657156 in the 270th District Court of Harris County, Texas (the “Litigation”) filed 
in October 2016.  The Litigation was dismissed with prejudice to refiling by court order dated October 20, 2017. 

The  Litigation  sought  recovery  of  approximately  $188,000  in  unpaid  material  and  labor  costs  (plus  plaintiff’s 
attorney’s fees and interest) for offshore operations contracted by Prime8 to be performed by the plaintiff Offshore Oilfield  
Services, Inc. (“Offshore Oilfield”) upon several properties owned by Hoactzin Partners, LP (“Hoactzin”) in the Gulf of Mexico 
under a master services agreement signed between Prime8 and Offshore Oilfield in May 2014 (“MSA”).  Offshore Oilfield 
alleged breach of the MSA by Prime8 and Tengasco for failure to pay for materials provided or services performed in 2014 
and 2015.  Tengasco did not sign the MSA and had no knowledge of it or any other agreement utilized in operation by Hoactzin, 
Prime8, or any subcontractor on Hoactzin’s Gulf properties.  No allegation was made in the Litigation that Tengasco directed 
or was involved in the performance of the services rendered or materials provided or failure to pay for same.  Hoactzin, as 
opposed to Tengasco, directed Prime8 in the conduct of all matters described in the Litigation and either paid or failed to pay 
any and all charges for services and materials provided at all of Hoactzin’s properties in the Gulf owned and physically operated 
exclusively by Hoactzin.  

Hoactzin has also specifically agreed in writing to protect, defend, indemnify, and hold harmless Tengasco from and 
against any and all claims, demands, and causes of action made or awarded against Tengasco in the Litigation and to pay in the 
first  instance  all  related  losses,  damages,  costs  and  expenses  relating  to  the  Litigation  including  damages  and  plaintiff’s 

F-17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

attorney’s fees awarded, and all litigation expenses incurred, the Company’s currently billed attorneys’ fees and court costs, 
relating to or arising out of Tengasco’s  status as a defendant in the Litigation.  Hoactzin has borne all the Company’s attorneys’ 
fees and all costs or obligations upon which the Litigation was settled by agreement.  Accordingly, there is no further exposure 
to the Company as a result of the dismissal of the Litigation with prejudice to refiling. 

10. Fair Value Measurements 

FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, establishes a framework for measuring fair value. That 
framework provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The 
hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1 
measurements)  and  the  lowest  priority  to  unobservable  inputs  (Level  3  measurements).  The  three  levels  of  the  fair  value 
hierarchy under FASB ASC 820 are described as follows: 

Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets, for substantially identical assets and liabilities. 

Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices within Level 1 for similar assets and liabilities. These include quoted 
prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not 
active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable  market data.  If the asset or liability has a 
specified or contractual term, the input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. 

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, generally requiring a significant amount of 
judgment by management.  The assets or liabilities fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the 
lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use 
of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. 

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value 
or reflective of future fair values. Further, although the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent 
with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial 
instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. 

Upon completion of wells, the Company records an asset retirement obligation at fair value using Level 3 assumptions. 

Nonfinancial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis upon impairment.  The carrying 
amounts of other financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, account payables, accrued 
liabilities and long term debt in our balance sheet approximates fair value as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. 

11. Asset Retirement Obligation 

Our asset retirement obligations represent the estimated present value of the amount we will incur to plug, abandon 
and remediate our producing properties at the end of their productive lives in accordance with applicable laws. The following 

F-18 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

table summarizes the Company’s Asset Retirement Obligation transactions for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 
(in thousands): 

Balance December 31, 2015 

Accretion expense 

Liabilities incurred 

Liabilities settled 

Liabilities sold properties 

Revisions in estimated liabilities 

Balance December 31, 2016 

Accretion expense 

Liabilities incurred 

Liabilities settled 

Liabilities sold properties 

Revisions in estimated liabilities 

Balance December 31, 2017 

  $ 

 2,222 

  $ 

 143 

 2 

 (86) 

 (25) 

 (210) 

 2,046 

 141 

 1 

 (45) 

 (11) 

 138 

  $ 

 2,270 

The revisions in estimated liabilities resulted from change in timing of wells to be plugged, change in inflation factor, 

and change in current plugging costs. 

12. Stock and Stock Options 

In October 2000, the Company approved a Stock Incentive Plan which was effective for a ten-year period commencing 
on October 25, 2000 and ending on October 24, 2010.  The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock as to which options 
and  Stock  Appreciation  Rights  may  be  granted  to  participants  under  the  original  Plan  was  not  to  exceed  7,000,000.  An 
amendment to the Plan increasing the number of shares that may be issued under the Plan by 3,500,000 shares and extending 
the Plan for another ten years was approved by the Company’s Board of Directors on February 1, 2008 and approved by the 
Company’s shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on June 2, 2008.  On March 21, 2016 at a special meeting 
of the shareholders, the Plan was amended to permit grant of common stock.  Options are not transferable, are exercisable for 
3 months after voluntary resignation from the Company, and terminate immediately upon involuntary termination from the 
Company.  The purchase price of shares subject to this Plan shall be determined at the time the options are granted, but are not 
permitted to be less than 85% of the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. 

On March 21, 2016, the Company’s shareholders approved a 1 for  10 reverse stock split, effective with trading on 
March 24, 2016.  All share and per share information in the following tables has been adjusted to reflect the impact of this 
reverse stock split. 

F-19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following table summarizes stock option activity in 2017, 2016, and 2015: 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  Weighted 

  Weighted 

  Weighted 

Average 

Exercise 

Price 

Shares 

Average 

Exercise 

Price 

Shares 

Average 

Exercise 

Price 

Shares 

Outstanding, beginning of year 

 37,500   $ 

 4.70  

 45,625   $ 

 6.10  

 90,025   $ 

Granted 

Exercised 

Expired/cancelled 

Outstanding, end of year 

Exercisable, end of year 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —  

 —  

 2,500   $ 

 1.20  

 10,000   $ 

 —   $ 

 —  

 —   $ 

 (7,500)   $ 

 8.40  

 (10,625)   $ 

 9.88  

 (54,400)   $ 

 30,000   $ 

 3.73  

 37,500   $ 

 4.70  

 45,625   $ 

 30,000   $ 

 3.73  

 37,500   $ 

 4.70  

 45,625   $ 

 5.70 

 2.40 

 — 

 4.80 

 6.10 

 6.10 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2017: 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

Options Outstanding 
(shares) 

Weighted Average 
 Remaining Contractual Life  
(years) 

Options Exercisable 
(shares) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 6.40  

 6.20  

 4.80  

 4.10  

 4.10  

 4.80  

 4.40  

 4.40  

 2.50  

 2.30  

 2.70  

 2.20  

 1.20  

 1,875  

 1,875  

 1,875  

 1,875  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 2,500  

 30,000  

 —  

 0.3  

 0.5  

 0.8  

 1.0  

 1.2  

 1.5  

 1.8  

 2.0  

 2.2  

 2.5  

 2.8  

 3.0  

 1,875 

 1,875 

 1,875 

 1,875 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 2,500 

 30,000 

During 2017, the Company issued no additional options to each of the four non-executive directors. 

Compensation expense related to stock options was $3,000 in 2016, and $12,000 in 2015.  This expense is recorded 
in “General and administrative” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  The fair value of stock options used to compute 
share  based  compensation  is  the  estimated  present  value  at  grant  date  using  the  Black  Scholes  option  pricing  model  with 
weighted  average  assumptions  for  2016  were  an  expected  volatility  of   122.7%;  a  risk  free  interest  rate  of  2.67%;  and  an 
expected option life remaining from 0.3 to 4.8 years. The weighted average assumptions for 2015 were an expected volatility 
of 61.7%; a risk free interest rate of 2.53%; and an expected option life remaining from 0.3 to 4.8 years.  

In addition, during 2017, the Company issued 23,503 shares of common stock to the Directors and to the CEO.  The 
shares issued to Directors was in lieu of stock options and vested immediately.  The shares issued to the CEO was in lieu of a 
portion of the quarterly cash payment paid for service as the Company’s CEO and vested immediately.  The company recorded 
compensation expense of approximately $14,000 as a result of the stock issuances.  During 2016, the Company issued 12,641 

F-20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

shares of common stock to the Directors and to the CEO.  The shares issued to Directors was in lieu of stock options.  The 
shares issued to the CEO was in lieu of a portion of the quarterly cash payment paid for service as the Company’s CEO.  The 
company recorded compensation expense of approximately $14,000 as a result of the stock issuances 

13. Income Taxes 

The Company did not have taxable income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015. 

A reconciliation of the statutory U.S. Federal income tax and the income tax provision included in the accompanying 

consolidated statements of operations is as follows (in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 2017 

Statutory rate 

Tax (benefit) expense at statutory rate 

State income tax (benefit) expense 

Permanent difference 

Impact of 2017 Tax Act 

Other 

Net change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance 

Total income tax provision (benefit) 

Year Ended December 31, 2016 

Statutory rate 

Tax (benefit) expense at statutory rate 

State income tax (benefit) expense 

Permanent difference 

Other 

Net change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance 

Total income tax provision (benefit) 

Year Ended December 31, 2015 

Statutory rate 

Tax (benefit) expense at statutory rate 

State income tax (benefit) expense 

Permanent difference 

Other 

Net change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance 

Total income tax provision (benefit) 

Total 

 34  % 

   $ 

 (278) 

 (42) 

 1 

 5,319 

 14 

 (5,256) 

   $ 

 (242)  

Total 

 34  % 

   $ 

 (1,428) 

 (216) 

 1 

 — 

 1,643 

 — 

   $ 

Total 

 34  % 

   $ 

 (5,906) 

 (893) 

 3 

 — 

 14,147 

  $ 

 7,351 

Management has evaluated the positions taken in connection with the tax provisions and tax compliance for the years 
included in these financial statements.  The Company believes that all of the positions it has taken will prevail on a more likely 
than not basis.  As such no disclosure of such positions was deemed necessary.  Management continuously estimates its ability 
to recognize a deferred tax asset related to prior period net operating loss carry forwards based on its anticipation of the likely 
timing and adequacy of future net income. 

F-21 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

At  December  31,  2017,  federal  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  amounted  to  approximately  $30.2  million  which 
expire between 2019 and 2036. The total net deferred tax asset was $242,000 at December 31, 2017 and $0 at 2016.  In 2017, 
the Company released a portion of the allowance related to its MTC as a result of the 2017 Tax Act.  The Company recorded 
an allowance on the remaining deferred tax asset at December 31, 2017 primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 
3 years ended December 31, 2017.  The Company recorded a full allowance against the deferred tax asset at December 31, 
2016 primarily due to cumulative losses incurred during the 3 years ended December 31, 2016. The total valuation allowance 
at December 31, 2017 was $12.1 million, $16.6 million at December 31, 2016, and $15.0 million at December 31, 2015.  As 
the  Company  adopted  ASU  2016-09  during  the  first  quarter  of  2017,  the  excess  tax  benefits  associated  with  certain  stock 
compensation deductions that have not been previously recognized are recorded to retained earnings net of valuation allowance.  
The effect on the valuation allowance on this adoption is an increase of $687,000 recorded to retained earnings. 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $30.2 million which 
will expire between 2019 and 2036 if not utilized.  Our open tax years include all returns filed for 2014 and later.  In addition, 
any of the Company’s NOLs for tax reporting purposes are still subject to review and adjustment by both the Company and the 
IRS to the extent such NOLs should be carried forward into an open tax year. 

Comprehensive tax reform legislation enacted in December 2017, commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 
(the “2017 Tax Act”),  makes significant changes to U.S. federal income tax laws. The  2017 Tax Act, among other things, 
reduces the corporate income tax rate to 21%, repeal of the corporate Alternative Minimum tax, partially limits the deductibility 
of business interest expense and net operating losses, and allows the immediate deduction of certain new investments instead 
of  deductions  for  depreciation  expense  over  time.    The  Company  has  not  completed  its  determination  of  the  accounting 
implications of the 2017 Tax Act on its tax accruals.  However the Company has reasonably estimated the effects of the 2017 
Tax Act and recorded provisional amounts in its financial statements as of December 31, 2017.  The Company has recorded 
the following provisional amounts for the effects of the 2017 Tax Act. 

·          Beginning  January  1,  2018,  the  U.S.  corporate  income  tax  rate  will  be  21%.   The  Company  is  required  to 
recognize the impacts of this rate change on its deferred tax assets and liabilities in the period enacted.  The provisional tax 
effect of the change in tax rate is a decrease to the deferred tax asset of  $5.3 million.  However, as the Company has a full 
valuation allowance on its net deferred tax asset, the deferred tax recognized due to the change in rate will be offset with  a 
change in the valuation allowance.  Therefore, there was no overall impact to the Financial  Statements in 2017 due to this 
change in rate. 

·         The 2017 Tax Act also repealed the corporate AMT for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018 and 
provides  for  existing  alternative  minimum  tax  credit  carryovers  to  be  refunded  beginning  in  2018.   The  Company  has 
approximately $0.3 million in refundable credits, and it expects that a substantial portion will be refunded between 2018 and 
2021.  As such, most of the valuation allowance in place at the end of 2017 related to these credits has been released and a 
deferred tax asset of $0.2 million is reflected related to the expected benefit in future years. 

The Company will continue to evaluate the 2017 Tax Act and adjust the provisional amounts as additional information 
is obtained.  The  ultimate  impact of the 2017 Tax Act  may differ from the provisional amounts recorded due  to additional 
information becoming available, changes in interpretation of the 2017 Tax Act as well as additional regulatory guidance that 
may be issued. 

F-22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: (in thousands) 

Net deferred tax assets – current: 

Bad debt 

Valuation allowance 

Total deferred tax assets – current 

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) – noncurrent: 

Net operating loss carryforwards 

Oil and gas properties 

Property, Plant and Equipment 

Asset retirement obligation 

Tax credits 

Miscellaneous 

Valuation allowance 

Total deferred tax assets – noncurrent 

Net deferred tax asset 

Year Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 —  

 —   $ 

 68 

 (68) 

 — 

  $ 

 8,187   $ 

 10,339 

 2,735  

 4,445 

 419  

 616  

 260  

 92  

 646 

 801 

 260 

 78 

 (12,067)  

 (16,569) 

  $ 

  $ 

 242   $ 

 242   $ 

 — 

 — 

14. Quarterly Data and Share Information (unaudited) 

The following tables sets  forth  for the  fiscal periods indicated, selected consolidated  financial data  (In thousands, 

except per share data) 

Fiscal Year Ended 2017 

Revenues 

1st Qtr 

2nd Qtr 

3rd Qtr 

4th Qtr 

  $ 

 1,344   $ 

 1,318   $ 

 1,179   $ 

 1,422 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations 

 (213)  

 (178)  

 (315)  

Loss per common share from continuing operations 

  $ 

 (0.03)   $ 

 (0.02)   $ 

 (0.03)   $ 

 132 

 0.02 

Fiscal Year Ended 2016 

Revenues 

1st Qtr 

2nd Qtr 

3rd Qtr 

4th Qtr 

  $ 

 932   $ 

 1,282   $ 

 1,242   $ 

Net loss from continuing operations 

 (1,404)  

 (1,627)  

 (908)  

Loss per common share from continuing operations 

  $ 

 (0.23)   $ 

 (0.27)   $ 

 (0.15)   $ 

 1,216 

 (260) 

 (0.04) 

15. Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (unaudited) 

Information  with  respect  to  the  Company’s  oil  and  gas  producing  activities  is  presented  in  the  following  tables. 
Estimates of reserves quantities, as well as future production and discounted cash flows before income taxes, were determined 
by LaRoche Petroleum Consultants Ltd.  All of the Company’s reserves were located in the United States. 

F-23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Capitalized Costs Related to Oil and Gas Producing Activities 

The table below reflects our capitalized costs related to our oil and gas producing activities at December 31, 2017 and 

2016 (in thousands): 

Proved oil and gas properties 

Unproved properties 

Total proved and unproved oil and gas properties 

Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization 

Net oil and gas properties 

Years Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

  $ 

 5,704   $ 

 —  

  $ 

 5,704   $ 

 (984)  

  $ 

 4,720   $ 

 5,315 

 106 

 5,421 

 (196) 

 5,225 

As a result of the ceiling test impairments during 2015 and the first three quarters of 2016, the accumulated 
depreciation, depletion, and amortization was been netted against the cost to reflect the post impairment value of the oil and 
gas properties.  As no ceiling test impairment was recorded during the quarter ended December 31, 2016, nor during any of 
the quarters ended in 2017, these amounts were not netted against cost, but remained in accumulated depreciation, depletion, 
and amortization at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. 

Oil and Gas Related Costs 

The following table sets forth information concerning costs incurred, including accruals, related to the Company’s 

oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities (in thousands): 

Property acquisitions proved 

Property acquisitions unproved 

Exploration cost 

Development cost 

Total 

Years Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 93  

 69  

 —  

 8  

 396  

 —  

  $ 

 162   $ 

 404   $ 

 — 

 90 

 22 

 252 

 364 

Results of Operations from Oil and Gas Producing Activities 

The following table sets forth the Company’s results of operations from oil and gas producing activities (in 

thousands): 

Revenues 

Production costs and taxes 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization 

Impairment 

Years Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 4,683   $ 

 4,113   $ 

 (3,444)  

 (796)  

 —  

 (3,064)  

 (1,009)  

 (2,805)  

 5,631 

 (3,731) 

 (2,538) 

 (14,526) 

Income (loss) from oil and gas producing activities 

  $ 

 443   $ 

 (2,765)   $ 

 (15,164) 

In the presentation above, no deduction has been made for indirect costs such as general corporate overhead or interest 

expense.  No income taxes are reflected above due to the Company’s operating tax loss carry-forward position. 

F-24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Estimated Quantities of Oil and Gas Reserves 

The following table sets forth the Company’s net proved oil and gas reserves and the changes in net proved oil and 
gas reserves for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017.  All of the Company’s proved reserves are located in the 
United States of America. 

Oil (MBbl) 

Gas (MMcf) 

MBOE 

Proved reserves at December 31, 2014 

Revisions of previous estimates 

Improved recovery 

Purchase of reserves in place 

Extensions and discoveries 

Production 

Sales of reserves in place 

Proved reserves at December 31, 2015 

Revisions of previous estimates 

Improved recovery 

Purchase of reserves in place 

Extensions and discoveries 

Production 

Sales of reserves in place 

Proved reserves at December 31, 2016 

Revisions of previous estimates 

Improved recovery 

Purchase of reserves in place 

Extensions and discoveries 

Production 

Sales of reserves in place 

Proved reserves at December 31, 2017 

Proved developed reserves at: 

December 31, 2014 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2016 

December 31, 2017 

Proved undeveloped reserves at: 

December 31, 2014 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2016 

December 31, 2017 

 1,797  

 (790)  

 —  

 —  

 1  

 (131)  

 —  

 877  

 (36)  

 —  

 —  

 3  

 (108)  

 (6)  

 730  

 195  

 —  

 —  

 47  

 (102)  

 —  

 870  

 1,438  

 877  

 730  

 832  

 359  

 —  

 —  

 38  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 1,797 

 (790) 

 — 

 — 

 1 

 (131) 

 — 

 877 

 (36) 

 — 

 — 

 3 

 (108) 

 (6) 

 730 

 195 

 — 

 — 

 47 

 (102) 

 — 

 870 

 1,438 

 877 

 730 

 832 

 359 

 — 

 — 

 38 

The Company’s Proved Undeveloped Reserves at December 31, 2017 included 3 locations, and December 31, 2016 

and 2015 included no locations as compared to 27 locations at December 31, 2014.  During 2016 and 2015, all Proved 

F-25 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Undeveloped locations were removed from the Company’s Proved Reserves primarily due to the low oil prices experienced 
during these years.  During 2017, increases in prices allowed the company to include 3 Proved Undeveloped locations in its 
December 31, 2017 reserves. 

The following table identifies the reserve value by category and the respective present values, before income taxes, 

discounted at 10% as a percentage of total proved reserves (in thousands): 

Year Ended 12/31/2017 

Year Ended 12/31/2016 

Year Ended 12/31/2015 

Oil 

Gas 

Total 

Oil 

Gas 

Total 

Oil 

Gas 

Total 

Total proved reserves 
   year-end reserve 
   report 

Proved developed 
   producing reserves 
   (PDP) 

% of PDP reserves to 
   total proved reserves 

Proved developed non- 
   producing reserves 

% of PDNP reserves to 
   total proved reserves 

Proved undeveloped 
   reserves (PUD) 

% of PUD reserves to 
   total proved reserves 

  $ 

 8,170     

 —   $ 

 8,170    $ 

 5,815     

 —   $ 

 5,815    $ 

 8,287     

 —   $ 

 8,287  

  $ 

 7,065     

 —   $ 

 7,065    $ 

 5,397     

 —   $ 

 5,397    $ 

 7,686     

 —   $ 

 7,686  

87%    

 —    

87%    

93%    

 —    

93%    

93%    

 —    

93% 

  $ 

 1,082     

 —   $ 

 1,082    $ 

 418     

 —   $ 

 418    $ 

 601     

 —   $ 

 601  

13%    

 —    

13%    

7%    

 —    

7%    

7%    

 —    

7% 

  $ 

 23     

 —   $ 

 23    $ 

 —    

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —    

 —   $ 

 — 

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 —    

 — 

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows 

The standardized  measure of discounted future net cash flows from the  Company’s proved oil and gas reserves is 

presented in the following table (in thousands): 

Future cash inflows 

Future production costs and taxes 

Future development costs 

Future income tax expenses 

Future net cash flows 

Years Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 39,889   $ 

 27,253   $ 

 38,566 

 (23,343)  

 (1,586)  

 —  

 (16,270)  

 (23,500) 

 (553)  

 —  

 (951) 

 — 

 14,960  

 10,430  

 14,115 

Discount at 10% for timing of cash flows 

 (6,790)  

 (4,615)  

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows 

  $ 

 8,170   $ 

 5,815   $ 

 (5,828) 

 8,287 

F-26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tengasco, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following are the principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows 

from the Company’s proved oil and gas reserves (in thousands): 

Balance, beginning of year 

Sales, net of production costs and taxes 

Discoveries and extensions, net of costs 

Purchase of reserves in place 

Sale of reserves in place 

Net changes in prices and production costs 

Revisions of quantity estimates 

Previously estimated development cost incurred during the year 

Changes in future development costs 

Changes in timing and other 

Accretion of discount 

Net change in income taxes 

Balance, end of year 

Years Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

2015 

  $ 

 5,815   $ 

 8,287   $ 

 34,531 

 (1,239)  

 (2,037)  

 (1,901) 

 123  

 —  

 —  

 1,780  

 1,611  

 —  

 (228)  

 (164)  

 472  

 —  

 35  

 —  

 (10)  

 (863)  

 (412)  

 —  

 196  

 (20)  

 639  

 —  

  $ 

 8,170   $ 

 5,815   $ 

 5 

 — 

 — 

 (16,009) 

 (22,431) 

 — 

 4,890 

 (56) 

 3,373 

 5,885 

 8,287 

Estimated future net cash flows represent an estimate of future net revenues from the production of proved reserves 
using  average  sales  prices,  along  with  estimates  of  the  operating  costs,  production  taxes  and  future  development  and 
abandonment cost (less salvage value) necessary to produce such reserves. Future income taxes were calculated by applying 
the statutory federal and state income tax rates to pre-tax future net cash flows, net of the tax basis of the properties and utilizing 
available tax loss carryforwards related to oil and gas operations. The oil prices used for December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 
were $45.83, and $37.35, and $43.98 per barrel of oil, respectively.  The Company’s proved reserves as of December 31, 2017, 
2016 and 2015 were measured by using commodity prices based on the twelve month unweighted arithmetic average of the 
first day of the month price for the period January through December.  No deduction has been made for depreciation, depletion 
or any indirect costs such as general corporate overhead or interest expense. 

16. Subsequent Events 

On January 2, 2018, 4,569 common shares were issued in the aggregate to the Company’s four directors and CFO and 
interim CEO.  This issuance will result in compensation expense of approximately  $4,000 to be recorded during the quarter 
ended March 31, 2018. 

On  January  26,  2018,  the  Company  closed  a  sale  to  Tennessee  Renewable  Group  LLC  for  all  of  the  Company’s 
Manufactured Methane physical facilities for $2.65 million.  In the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company expects to 
record a gain on the sale of these assets of approximately $1.1 million. 

On March 21, 2018, the Company’s senior credit facility with Prosperity Bank after Prosperity Bank’s most recent 
review of the Company’s currently owned producing properties was amended to increase the borrowing base to $2.0 million 
and the maturity date was extended to July 31, 2020. 

F-27