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Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd

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FY2020 Annual Report · Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd
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COMPANY NUMBER 03508592 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 2020 

CONTENTS 

PAGE 

STATUTORY AND OTHER INFORMATION 

STRATEGIC REPORT  

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE 
SCIENCES PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED AND COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

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47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATUTORY AND OTHER INFORMATION 

Directors: 

Secretary: 

Registered Office: 

Principal Bankers: 

Auditors: 

Nominated Advisors: 

Nominated Brokers: 

Solicitors: 

Registrars:  

Mr G. M. A. Cerrone 
Dr K. Shailubhai 
Mr W. Simon 
Mr J. Brancaccio 

Accomplish Secretaries Limited 

3rd Floor, 11-12 St James’s Square, London, SW1Y 4LB 

Barclays Bank, 2 Churchill Place, London, E14 5RB 

Mazars  LLP,  Tower  Bridge  House,  St  Katharine’s  Way, 
London, E1W 1DD 

Cairn  Financial  Advisers  LLP,  62-63  Cheapside,  London, 
EC2V 6AX 

Optiva  Securities  Limited,  49  Berkeley  Square,  London, 
W1J 5AZ 

Orrick,  Herrington  &  Sutcliffe  (UK)  LLP,  107  Cheapside, 
London, EC2V 6DN 

Link  Asset  Services,  The  Registry,  34  Beckenham  Road, 
Beckenham, BR3 4TU 

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TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT: EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

I am pleased to report on the Company (Tiziana Life Sciences PLC) and its subsidiaries, together the ‘Group’, 
results for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

Tiziana Life Sciences is a dual-listed (NASDAQ: TLSA, LSE:TILS) clinical stage biotechnology company that 
specializes in the developing transformative therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, degenerative 
diseases and cancer related to the liver. Our clinical pipeline includes drug assets for Crohn’s Disease, COVID-
19, Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Tiziana is led by a team of highly 
qualified executives with extensive drug development and commercialization experience. 

Background 

The Group is focused on the discovery and development of novel molecules and related diagnostics to treat high 
unmet  medical  needs  in  oncology  and  immunology.   Our  mission  is  to  design  and  deliver  next  generation 
therapeutics and diagnostics for oncology and immune diseases of high unmet medical need by combining deep 
understanding of disease biology with clinical development expertise. We have a drug discovery pipeline of small 
molecule new chemical entities, or NCEs, and biologics. We employ a lean and virtual research and development, 
or R&D, model using highly experienced teams of experts for each business function to maximize value accretion 
by focusing resources on the drug discovery and development processes. 

Development Pipeline 

Foralumab (TZLS-401 / NI-0401) 

Our lead product candidate in immunology is Foralumab (TZLS-401), which we believe is the only fully human anti-
CD3 monoclonal antibody, or mAb, in clinical development. MAbs represent a single pure antibody produced by 
single clones and are an important class of human therapeutics for treating cancers and autoimmune diseases. We 
are  developing  Foralumab,  for  which  we  in-licensed  the  intellectual  property  from  Novimmune,  SA,  a  Swiss 
biotechnology  company,  or  Novimmune,  as  a  potential  treatment  for  neurodegenerative  diseases  such  as 
progressive Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, and Crohn’s disease. As the only fully human engineered human anti-CD3 
mAb in clinical development, Foralumab has significant potential advantages such as a shorter treatment duration 
and reduced immunogenicity. We believe that oral or intranasal administration of Foralumab has the potential to 
reduce inflammation while minimizing the toxicity and related side effects. 

To date, Foralumab has been studied in one Phase 1 and two Phase 2a clinical trials conducted by Novimmune in 
68 patients dosed by the intravenous route of administration. In these trials, Foralumab was observed to be safe 
and well-tolerated and produced immunologic effects consistent with potential clinical benefit while demonstrating 
mild to moderate infusion related reactions. With completion of the intravenous dosing for Phase 2a trial in Crohn’s 
Disease, Foralumab’s ability to modulate T-cell response enables potential extension into a wide range of other 
autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as graft versus host disease, ulcerative colitis, MS, type-1 diabetes, 
inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.  

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                                                                                          TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2018 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
STRATEGIC REPORT: EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Foralumab  is  being  developed  as  both  an  immunosuppressive  and  immunomodulatory  agent,  with  therapeutic 
benefits  of  rendering  T-cells  unable  to  orchestrate  an  immune  response  and  induction  of  immune  tolerance  via 
maintenance of regulatory T-cells. There is further potential for Foralumab to be combined with our TZLS-501, a 
fully human anti-IL-6R mAB in development to target autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In November 2016, 
we announced new data for oral efficacy in humanized mouse models with Foralumab, a major milestone and a 
potential breakthrough for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and autoimmune disease. This unique oral 
technology stimulates the natural gut immune system and potentially provides a therapeutic effect in inflammatory 
and  autoimmune  diseases  with  greatly  reduced  toxicity.  Positive  therapeutic  effects  with  Foralumab  were 
consistently demonstrated in animal studies conducted by Prof. Kevan Herold (Yale University) and Prof. Howard 
Weiner (Harvard University). 

In April 2018, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with The Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Inc. relating 
to a novel formulation of Foralumab dosed in a medical device for nasal administration. An investigational new drug 
application, or IND, for the first-in-human evaluation of the nasal administration of Foralumab in healthy volunteers 
for progressive MS indication was filed in the second quarter of 2018. Subsequent to IND approval, a single-site, 
double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging Phase 1 trial with nasally administered Foralumab at 10, 50 and 250 
µg per day, consecutively for 5 days to evaluate biomarkers of immunomodulation of clinical responses was initiated 
in November 2018. The trial was conducted at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 
MA, in healthy volunteers in which 18 subjects received Foralumab treatment and 9 patients received placebo. The 
study was completed in September 2019, and data demonstrated that nasally administered Foralumab was well-
tolerated  and  no  drug-related  safety  issues  were  reported  at  any  of  the  doses.  No  drug-related  changes  were 
observed  in  vital  signs  among  subjects  at  predose  during  treatment  and  at  discharge.  Nasally  administered 
Foralumab at the 50 µg dose suppressed cytotoxic CD8+ as well as perforin-secreting CD8+ cells, which have been 
implicated in neurodegeneration in MS. Treatment at 50 µg stimulated production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-
10  and  suppressed  production  of  pro-inflammatory  cytokine  interferon-gamma  (IFN-γ).  Taken  together,  the 
treatment  showed  significant  positive  effects  on  the  biomarkers  for  activation  of  mucosal  immunity,  which  are 
capable  of  inducing  site-targeted  immunomodulation  to  elicit  anti-inflammatory  effects.  Based  on  the  results  we 
intend to conduct a Phase 2 trial in progressive MS patients starting in the third quarter of 2021. 

On  July  31,  2020,  we  announced  that  we  had  submitted  a  patent  application  for  the  potential  use  of  nasally 
administered Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 mAb, for the treatment of COVID-19 either alone or in combination 
with other anti-viral drugs. Recent clinical studies implied that a combination of anti-inflammatory and anti-viral drugs 
may be more effective to treat patients at different stages of COVID-19 disease.  

A  collaborative  clinical  study  was  initiated  on  November  2,  2020,  investigating  nasally  administered  Foralumab 
either alone or in combination with orally administered dexamethasone in COVID-19 patients in Brazil. In view of 
the importance and urgency, scientific teams at the Harvard Medical School, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Santos 
Hospital (Jabaquara, Santos, Brazil) and at our company closely collaborated to facilitate initiation of this study in 
expedited  time  frames.  The  clinical  trial  was  coordinated  by  the  team  at  INTRIALS,  a  leading,  full-service  Latin 
America Clinical Research Organization, (CRO) based in Sao Paulo City, Brazil. The trial was completed in January 
2021, and the clinical data from this trial is expected to be available by the first quarter of 2021. This trial, the first-
ever trial on nasal administration of Foralumab for treatment of COVID-19, is of enormous significance given the 
underlying  scientific  approach  is  to  modulate  the  immune  system,  which  is  dysregulated  and  crippled  to  protect 
against the virus. If successful, we believe this approach could be good for treatment of all COVID-19 variants and 
potentially other viruses.  

An  enteric-coated  capsule  formulation  using  a  proprietary  and  novel  technology  has  been  developed  for  oral 
administration of Foralumab. cGMP manufacturing of clinical trial materials for a Phase 1 study has been completed 
and an IND was submitted in March 2019. 

On September 9, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, granted approval to initiate the Phase 1 
clinical trials to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of oral Foralumab at 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/day as a single 
ascending  dose  study.  The  study  was  completed  in  December  2019  at  the  Brigham  and  Women’s  Hospital. 
Formulated Foralumab powder encapsulated in enteric-coated capsule was well-tolerated at all doses tested and 
there were no drug-related safety issues observed even at the highest dose of 5 mg in this trial. Based on successful 
Phase 1 data, we intend to conduct a Phase 2 study using Crohn’s Disease patients starting in the third quarter of 
2021. 

In addition, on August 18, 2020 the United States Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, granted us a patent on 
use and methods of treatment of Crohn’s disease with Foralumab, its proprietary fully human monoclonal antibody, 
and all other anti-CD3 mAbs. The CD3 (cluster of differentiation 3) is a protein complex on T-cells, which is important 
for the regulation of the immune system. The patent was published by the USPTO on September 1, 2020 as Patent 
No. 10,759,858. Recently, we also announced the issuance of the first-ever patent on oral administration of anti-
CD3  mAbs  for  treatment  of  human  diseases  (Patent  No. 10,688,186).  We  believe  the  grant  of  this  additional 
composition-of-matter  and  use  patent  further  strengthens  our  intellectual  property,  consisting  of  proprietary 
technologies on oral and nasal administration of Foralumab and other anti-CD3 mAbs for the treatment of human 
diseases. 

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TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
  
  
STRATEGIC REPORT: EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

On July 16, 2020, we announced that we had submitted a patent application on the potential use of Foralumab, a 
fully human anti-CD3 mAbs, to improve success of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell, or CAR-T, therapy for cancer 
and other human diseases. The patent application claims inventions related to lymphodepletion to improving CAR-
T  expansion  and/or  survival  using  anti-CD-3  mAbs  administered  either  alone  or  in  combination  with  other  co-
stimulatory molecules, such as an anti-IL-6R mAb, an anti-CD28 mAb or specific inhibitors of signaling pathways 
of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). 

Milciclib (TZLS-201) 

We are developing Milciclib, for which we in-licensed the intellectual property from Nerviano Medical Sciences S.r.l. 
in 2015, as a potential treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, or HCC. A novel feature of Milciclib is its ability to 
reduce levels of microRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222. MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that play a significant 
role in the regulation of gene expression. miR-221 and miR-222 are believed to be linked to the development of 
blood supply (angiogenesis) in cancer tumors. Levels of these microRNAs are consistently elevated in HCC patients 
and may contribute towards resistance to treatment with Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor (a drug which may inhibit 
the  cellular  division  and  proliferation  associated  with  certain  cancers)  often  prescribed  to  HCC  patients  as  the 
Standard of Care. 

To date, Milciclib has been studied in a total of eight completed Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in 316 patients. In these 
trials, Milciclib was observed to be well-tolerated and showed initial signals of anti-tumor action. Prior to in-licensing, 
Milciclib  was  granted  orphan  designation  by  the  European  Commission  and  by  the  FDA  for  the  treatment  of 
malignant thymoma and an aggressive form of thymic carcinoma in patients previously treated with chemotherapy. 
In two Phase 2a trials, CDKO-125a-006 and CDKO125a-007, Milciclib showed signs of slowing disease progression 
and acceptable safety. We initiated a Phase 2a trial (CDKO-125a-010) of Milciclib safety and tolerability as a single 
therapy in Sorafenib-resistant patients with HCC in the first half of 2017. Typically, this population of patients have 
an advanced form of the disease with poor prognosis and an average overall survival expectancy of three to five 
months.  In  May  2018,  the  Independent  Data  Monitor  committee,  or  IDMC,  completed  an  interim  analysis  of 
tolerability  data  from  the  first  eleven  treated  patients  and  recommended  expansion  of  the  initial  cohort  to  an 
additional 20 patients to complete the trial enrolment, which was completed in December 2018. In March 2019, the 
IDMC reviewed safety data from patients as of February 26, 2019 and concluded that the administration of Milciclib 
to patients with advanced HCC was not associated with unexpected signs or signals of toxicity. 28 out of 31 treated 
patients  were  evaluable,  14  completed  the  6-month duration  study.  The  most  frequent  adverse  events  such  as 
diarrhoea,  ascites,  nausea,  fatigue,  asthenia,  fever,  ataxia,  headache,  and  rash  were  manageable.  No  drug-
related deaths were recorded. 

 The Phase 2a trial was completed in June 2019 with clinical safety result reported in July 2019 and efficacy results 
reported in September 2019. The clinical activity assessment in evaluable patients was based on the independent 
radiological review using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. 

·14 out of 28 (50%) evaluable patients completed 6-month duration of the trial. 

··Both median TTP and PFS were 5.9 months (95% Confidence Interval ("CI") 1.5-6.7 months) out of the 6-

months duration of the trial. 

·16 of 28 (57.1%) evaluable patients showed 'Stable Disease'  

·One patient (3.6%) showed unconfirmed 'Partial Response' (PR). 

·17  of  28  (60.7%)  evaluable  patients  showed  'Clinical  Benefit  Rate'  defined  as  CBR=CR+PR+SD  (with  CR 

representing Complete Remission). 

Since  overexpression  of  cyclin-dependent  kinases,  or  CDKs,  and  dysregulation  in  pRB  pathway  (regulates 
transcription  factors  critical  for  cell  cycle  progression)  are  prominently  associated  with  tumor  cell  resistance  to 
certain chemotherapeutic drugs, inhibition of multiple CDKs is an appealing approach to improve clinical responses 
in  cancer  patient’s  refractory  to  existing  treatment  options.  A  Phase  1  dose-escalation study  of  Milciclib  in 
combination with gemcitabine in patients with refractory solid tumors exhibited clinical activity in patients, including 
those who were refractory to gemcitabine. We plan to explore a combination treatment of Milciclib and a tyrosine 
kinase inhibitor (either Sorafenib or Regorafenib) in patients with HCC in the third quarter of 2021. 

 On August 21, 2020 we announced that the USPTO had granted us a patent on use of Milciclib in combination with 
tyrosine  kinase  inhibitors,  or  TKIs,  such  as  Sorafenib  (Nexavar®),  Regorafenib  (Stivarga®)  and  Lenvatinib 
(Lenvima®) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, or HCC, and other cancers in humans. This patent was 
published by the USPTO on September 1, 2020 as Patent No. 10,758,541. Like most human cancers, HCC is a 
complex  multi-factorial  cancer  with  multiple  underlying  mechanisms  causing  enormous  heterogeneity  in  patient 
populations.  Consequently,  patients  with  HCC  often  develop  resistance  towards  the  monotherapies  of  existing 
therapeutics.  Thus,  there  is  an  urgent  need  for  combination  drug  treatment  approaches  targeting  different 
mechanisms  to  achieve  better  clinical  outcomes.  We  are  planning  to  conduct  a  Phase  2b  trial  with  Milciclib  in 

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TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
STRATEGIC REPORT: EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

combination with a TKI or immunotherapy in sorafenib-resistant HCC patients. We also successfully completed a 
Phase 1 trial in patients with refractory solid cancers. The patients enrolled in this trial had demonstrated resistance 
to the mainstream chemotherapies for refractory solid cancer. The trial data showed that Milciclib in combination 
with  gemcitabine  provided  36%  clinical  response  to  these  patients  who  had  shown  no  response  to  gemcitabine 
when administered alone. These data suggest that Milciclib may be able to overcome drug-resistance. This novel 
attribute of Milciclib may have application as an adjuvant therapy in combination with chemotherapies for treatment 
of refractory, malignant and advanced cases of cancers. The data from this trial also showed that the combination 
treatment  delayed  onset  in  a  patient  with  non-small  cell  lung  carcinoma  (NSCLC).  The  preclinical  data  from  an 
animal  study  also  suggest  that  orally  administered  Milciclib  might  also  be  effective  in  Kras+  (G12C)  mutants  of 
NSCLC cancer. We are further exploring the use of Milciclib in combination with other drugs for treatment of Kras+ 
(G12C) NSCLC, which is an unmet medical need. 

Anti-IL6R (TZLS-501) 

TZLS-501  is  a  fully  human  engineered  mAb  targeting  the  interleukin-6  receptor  (IL-6R).  Tiziana  Life  Sciences 
licensed the intellectual property from Novimmune in January 2017. This fully human mAb has a unique mechanism 
of action that binds to both the membrane-bound and soluble forms of the IL-6R resulting in lowering of circulating 
levels  of  IL-6  in  the  blood.  Excessive  production  of  IL-6  is  regarded  as  a  key  driver  of  chronic  inflammation, 
associated with autoimmune  diseases such  as multiple myeloma, oncology indications  and rheumatoid arthritis, 
and the Group believes that TZLS-501 may have potential therapeutic value for these indications. 

In preclinical studies, TZLS-501 demonstrated the potential to overcome limitations of other IL-6 blocking pathway 
drugs. Compared to Tocilizumab and Sarilumab, while binding to the membrane-bound IL-6R complex TZLS-501 
has shown a higher affinity for the soluble IL-6 receptor as seen from the antibody binding studies conducted in cell 
culture.  TZLS-501  also  demonstrated  the  potential  to  block  or  reduce  IL-6  signaling  in  mouse  models  of 
inflammation. The soluble form of IL-6 has been implicated to have a larger role in disease progression compared 
to the membrane-bound form. (Kallen, K.J. (2002). “The role of trans signaling via the agonistic soluble IL-6 receptor 
in human diseases”. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1592 (3): 323–343.). 

Recently,  chronic  inflammation  is  believed  to  be  associated  with  severe  lung  damage  observed  with  COVID-19 
infections and acute respiratory illness. China’s National Health Commission has recommended the use of anti-IL6-
R mAbs for treatment of inflammation and elevated cytokine levels (“cytokine storm”) in COVID-19 patients.  

On April 9, 2020 The Company announced that it had developed investigational new technology to treat COVID-19 
infections, consisting of direct delivery of anti-IL-6 receptor (anti-IL-6R) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) into the lungs 
using  a  handheld  inhaler  or  nebulizer  for  treatment  of  patients  infected  with  COVID-19  (SARS-CoV-
2) coronavirus. On June 29, 2020 the Company announced that it was advancing GMP manufacturing of TZLS-501 
with STC Biologics concurrently with the development of inhalation technology using a hand-held nebulizer with 
Sciarra Laboratories and safety toxicology studies in Cynomolgus monkeys with ITR Canada Laboratories.  GMP 
batches were initiated in January 2021 and completed in March 2021.   Safety inhalation toxicology studies were 
initiated in November 2020 and completed in March 2021.  Technological assessment of nebulizers for inhalation 
treatment of patients was initiated in September 2020 and completed in February 2021. 

StemPrintER 

StemPrintER is a multi-gene signature assay intended for use in patients diagnosed with estrogen-receptor positive 
ER+/HER2 negative breast cancers. The Group believes this in-vitro prognostic test will be used in conjunction with 
clinical  evaluation  to  identify  those  patients  at  increased  risk  for  early  and/or  late  metastasis.  StemPrintER  is 
designed to help physicians distinguish ER+/HER2 negative patients: 

■  with an elevated risk of early recurrence (<5 years) who could benefit from chemotherapy in addition 

to hormonal therapy 

■  with a high risk of late recurrence who could benefit from prolonged endocrine treatment up to 10 

years 

■  with a low risk of early recurrence who might be spared chemotherapy or be eligible for less 

aggressive treatments 

The diagnostic has a unique biological basis, being based on the detection of cancer stem cell markers, uses a 
reliable  platform  (qRT-  PCR,  FFPE),  and  has  been  evaluated  in  an  initial  retrospective  validation  study  using  a 
consecutive cohort of approximately 2,400 patients with breast cancer. The development team is preparing for a 
retrospective validation study using an independent cohort and has conducted a pre- submission meeting with the 
FDA. 

Recently,  StemPrintER  results  were  announced,  from  a  poster  selected  for  discussion  session  at  the  American 
Society  of  Clinical  Oncology  (ASCO)  Virtual  Conference,  demonstrating  the  favourable  performance  of  the 
StemPrintER  stem  cell  based  genomic  prognostic  tool  versus  the  market  leader,  Oncotype  DX,  in  predicting 
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TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT: EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

recurrence in ER+/HER2- postmenopausal breast cancer patients 

Tiziana has during this year demerged the StemPrintER technology by the transfer of the Intellectual Property rights 
and patents to its wholly owned subsidiary, Stemprinter Sciences Ltd, which was then sold to Accustem Sciences 
Ltd. The process was effected by way of a Court sanctioned capital reduction and statutory demerger. Accustem 
will develop and commercialise the StemPrintER diagnostic tester.  

Financial summary 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

The  Group  has  made  a  loss  for  the  year  of  £20,162k  (2019:  £7,177k).  The  loss  is  detailed  in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income on page 39. 

Research and development costs were £4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to £2.9 
million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of £1.8 million. The increase in cost is a result of the 
development of anti-IL-6R monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) compounds.  

Operating expenses were £19.01 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to £4.9 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of £14.11 million. The increase in cost is a result of a realisation bonus 
that became payable for £10.29m, additional fair value charges of £2.7m relating to modification of existing options 
and the issuance of additional options, plus additional compliance, professional fees and legal costs of £1.12m due 
to increased activity in the Company.  

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

At the end of the year the Group cash balance amounted to £48,217k (2019: £153k) and the total assets of the 
Group amounted to £51,766k (2019: £1,808k).  To bolster our cash reserves, the Group raised £52.1m via a public 
offering of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) on the NASDAQ Global Market during 2020. 

Fund raising 

In the year, the Group successfully raised funds to further progress its on-going clinical and pre-clinical pipeline. 

During the year to 31 December 2020, Tiziana raised £62.1m funds: £52.1m was raised through a public offering 
on the NASDAQ Global Market, £6.2m through an ‘At the market’ sales agreement, £0.1m through the issuance of 
a Convertible Loan Note and £3.7m through the exercise of warrants and options. Funds raised by Tiziana will be 
used to fund the development of the Group's clinical stage assets Milciclib and Foralumab, to meet the Group's 
ongoing liabilities in respect of license agreements, and for general working capital purposes. 

Going Concern 

The Group has experienced net losses and significant cash outflows from cash used in operating activities over the 
past years, and as of December 31, 2020, had an accumulated loss of £62,313k, a net loss for the year ended 
December 31, 2020 of £20,348k and net cash used in operating activities of £9,297k. 

Based upon the current forecasts prepared by Management, the potential use of cash flows from operations for the 
next  20  months  is  £38.6  million.    When  compared  to  the  current  cash  balance  at  April  30,  2021  including  the 
anticipated receipts for R&D tax credits for 2020, the Group has enough cash to sustain operations to December 
2022.  The  Group  noted  that  included  in  its  cash  projections  to  December  2022  was  £21.8m  of  uncommitted 
expenditure, which Management could repurpose or delay the expenditure as required. 

Appointments 

Non-Executive Directors 
On 21 January 2020, the Group announced the appointment of Mr. Gregor MacRae to its Board as a Non-executive 
Director. 

On 20 July 2020, the Group announced the appointment of Mr. John Brancaccio to its Board as a Non-executive 
Director. Mr Brancaccio will Chair the Audit, Risk and Disclosure Committee.  

Mr.  Brancaccio,  retired  CPA,  is  a  financial  executive  with  extensive  international  and  domestic  experience  in 
pharmaceutical and biotechnology for privately and publicly held companies. From 2000 to 2002, Mr. Brancaccio 
was the Chief Financial Officer/Chief Operating Officer of Eline Group, an entertainment and media company. From 
May 2002 until March 2004, Mr. Brancaccio was the Chief Financial Officer of Memory Pharmaceuticals Corp., a 
biotechnology  company.  From  April  2004  until  May  2017,  Mr.  Brancaccio  was  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  of 

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TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT: EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Accelerated Technologies, Inc., an incubator for medical device companies. Mr. Brancaccio is currently a director 
of Cardiff Oncology, Inc.,Rasna Therapeutics, Inc., OKYO Pharma LTD and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 

Resignations 

Non-Executive Directors 

On 18 June 2020, the Group announced that Mr. Gregor MacRae was standing down as a director of the Company 
with immediate effect to concentrate on his other business interests and activities; Mr MacRae felt his position was 
better filled by an individual with a background and greater experience in life sciences sector.  

COVID-19  

We remain cognisant of the potential impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) on our operations and have taken the steps 
necessary to maintain the integrity of the Company's assets and the health and wellbeing of our employees. The 
Company is well financed, resilient and well positioned to weather any financial downturn occurring as a result of 
the  outbreak.  Indeed,  the  Company  has  raised  additional  funds  through  an  "At  the  Market"  or  "ATM"  Sales 
Agreement with Think Equity (a division of Fordham Financial Management, Inc.) which raised $7.7m from the sale 
of ADSs.  

We  are  also  aware  of  the  responsibility  we  have  as  a  member  of  the  global  healthcare  community  to  develop 
investigational new technologies to treat COVID-19 infections. 

Outlook and strategy 

We  have  continued  to  progress  our  pipeline  of  drugs  to  treat  rare  cancers  and  autoimmune  and  inflammatory 
diseases. 

We are developing investigational new technology to treat COVID-19 infections, which consists of direct delivery of 
anti-IL-6 receptor (anti-IL-6R) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) into the lungs using a nasal delivery system. Preclinical 
studies are ongoing and we hope to commence a trial investigating the direct delivery of an anti-IL-6R mAb to the 
lungs using a portable nasal delivery system.  This treatment could be useful for different variants of COVID-19 and 
we are exploring these in an upcoming preclinical study. 

The Company also plans to develop subcutaneous delivery of anti_IL-6R mAb for treatment of ARDS and other 
inflammatory conditions.  

We have outlined our clinical development plan for Foralumab and anticipate to commence Phase 1b and 2 trials 
for  oral  administered  Foralumab  in  Crohn’s  disease  patients  and  nasally  administered  Foralumab  in  multiple 
sclerosis patients. 

For Milciclib, we are planning to initiate a Phase 2b clinical trial in HCC patients with Milciclib in combination with a 
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Regorafenib or Sorafenib.  The Company also intends to evaluate milciclib in 
combination with standard of care treatments for other solid tumour indications. 

We recently announced an agreement we have entered into with Takanawa Japan K.K, Pharma Team, (Takanawa) 
for a strategic business development plan to Identify a clinical partner in Japan and other Asian countries for further 
clinical development of Milciclib for treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We believe the 
positive clinical activity in advanced HCC and other cancers warrant immediate further development in Japan and 
other Asian countries where the prevalence of this cancer is relatively high, and the current available therapies are 
not entirely satisfactory. 

Looking ahead, Tiziana is confident that it is well positioned to advance these programs to their next respective 
value inflection points. 

Gabriele Cerrone 

Gabriele Cerrone 

Executive Chairman 

May 17, 2021 

7 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Business review 

A review of the business, its results and strategic outlook is included in the Executive Chairman’s Statement on 
page 2. 

Key performance indicators 

The Board monitors the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that it considers appropriate for the industry and stage 
of development of the Group. The Group is a research and development-based biotechnology company concerned 
with  a  number  of  pre-clinical  and  clinical  assets.  These  assets  require  sufficient  investment  to  reach  defined 
milestones by which the Group and its investors can judge the chances of ultimate success and thereby the value 
of the Group.  These relate to reviewing, on a regular basis, the scientific and technical progress of the research 
and development programmes and protection of the intellectual property arising from them together with monitoring 
the progress being made with the Group’s upcoming clinical trials which are discussed in the Chairman’s statement 
from page 2. 

At this stage of Group development significant sources of revenue generation are unlikely and the Group is cash 
consuming.  The Group KPIs are therefore chosen to monitor the progress of the individual scientific programmes, 
the external market environment for the potential drugs being developed and the cash requirements of the Group.  

Financial KPIs 

Cash consumption 
The  cash  position  of  the  business  is  measured  on  a  continual  basis  with  reference  both  to  the  general  and 
administrative expenses required to run the Group, and more particularly to the cash required for ongoing research, 
development and acquisition of the Group’s scientific assets.  During 2020 the main use of the Group’s funds was 
for developing investigational new technology to treat COVID-19 infections, consisting of direct delivery of anti-IL-6 
receptor (anti-IL-6R) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) into the lungs using a handheld inhaler or nebulizer and the 
formulation and manufacturing of nasally and orally administered Foralumab to be used in clinical trials commencing 
in  2021.  Management  monitors  its  cash  consumption  on  a  monthly  basis  and  a  cash  projection  is  presented  at 
every quarterly board meeting. 

The Group monitors current and projected cash consumption to ensure that there are sufficient funds available to 
develop the Group’s scientific assets.  The Group successfully raised additional cash during 2020 to fund research 
and development, to meet the Group's ongoing liabilities in respect of licence agreements, and for general working 
capital purposes. The Group maintains a virtual operating model resulting in low cash consumption for general and 
administrative expenses during the period.  

Non-financial KPIs achieved during 2020 

Completion of Various Phase 1 Clinical Trials for Nasally and Orally Administered Foralumab. 

•  Completion of a Phase 1 clinical trial for progressive multiple sclerosis indication for nasally administered 

Foralumab. 

•  Completion of Phase I clinical trials to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of oral Foralumab at 

1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/day as a single ascending dose study 

•  Completion of Phase 1 clinical trial for COVID-19 patients in Brazil with demonstration of clinical benefit 

and safety 

Non-financial KPIs for 2021:  

The group intends to monitor its progress during 2021 with reference to the objectives set out below: 

•  Orally administered Foralumab for the treatment of Crohn’s disease milestone delivery 
• 
Intranasal administration of Foralumab milestone delivery (including COVID 19 inpatients and outpatients) 
•  Progress  the  clinical  development  for  our  lead  oncology  candidate  Milciclib  in  combination  with  other 

therapeutics for KRAS+ NSCLC. 

Other Considerations 

External (life sciences) market environment 
The Group monitors the life sciences market for a number of factors; 

•  New developments in drug research and development 
•  New medical treatment paradigms 
•  Patent filings by third parties pertinent to the Group’s programmes 

8 

                                                                                          TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

•  Existing and novel drugs in development by third parties 
•  Healthcare regulation and policy in the major territories 
•  Private and public financings of life science companies to indicate investor appetite for life science risk 

The  Group  is  developing  its  scientific  assets  within  the  European  and  US  territories,  but  for  potential  global 
application. The environment for life science companies was positive throughout 2020.  

Principal risks and uncertainties  

The Group operates in an uncertain environment and is subject to a number of risk factors. The Directors have 
carried out a robust assessment of the principal risks facing the Group, including those that threaten its business 
model, future performance, solvency or liquidity. They consider the following risk factors are of particular relevance 
to the Group’s activities and to any investment in the Group. It should be noted that the list is not exhaustive and 
that other risk factors not presently known or currently deemed immaterial may apply. 

The risk factors are summarised below: 

Risks relating to the Group’s business strategy. 

The Group’s business is relatively undeveloped.  

The operations of Tiziana are at a relatively early stage and, to date, no commercial sales of its products have been 
made. The ability of the Group to achieve commercialisation is dependent on a number of factors, many of which 
are outside of the Group’s control. Examples of factors outside of the Group’s control are the impact of Brexit, capital 
market conditions, FDA approval and competition.  

Business strategy of the Group 

The development of clinical products for new medical treatments is inherently uncertain, with high failure rates in 
clinical studies for both early and late stage development products and such clinical studies can be expensive, time-
consuming and complicated and there is no certainty as to the outcome of such studies. Even once clinical studies 
have been successfully carried out, later phase trials may not successfully replicate or improve on such outcomes. 

Staffing and key personnel  

The Group is reliant on a number of the key personnel. Whilst the Group has endeavoured to ensure that it has 
contractual arrangements which include non-compete restrictions in place with such persons to lessen the risk of 
them ceasing to be involved with the Group, in the event that the Group was to lose the services of such individuals, 
its results could be adversely affected. 

Costs of commercialisation 

The ability of the Group to bring its products to first commercial sale will be dependent in part on the overall costs 
of  manufacturing  and  the  costs  involved  could  be  significant  and  there  is  no  guarantee  that  the  sale  prices 
achievable for its products will be viable and sustainable.  

Clinical studies and timelines risk 

Tiziana  is  currently  progressing  its  product  candidates  through  preclinical  development.  Although  encouraging 
results have been achieved so far, there can be no certainty that these results can be reproduced in clinical trials.  

The development of clinical products for new medical treatments is inherently uncertain, with high failure rates in 
clinical studies for both early- and late-stage development products. Furthermore, such clinical studies (Phase 1, 
Phase 2a/2b, Phase 3) are typically expensive, complex, can take considerable time to complete and have uncertain 
outcomes. Furthermore, as a result of adverse, undesirable, unintended or inconclusive results from any testing or 
clinical trials (which have yet to be designed), the future progress, planning and potential treatment outcome of the 
products and clinical programmes may be affected and may potentially prevent or limit the commercial use of one, 
many or all of the Company's products. In addition, later phase clinical trials may fail to show the desired safety and 
efficacy  obtained  in  earlier  studies,  and  a  successful  completion  of  one  stage  of  clinical  development  of  an 
investigational clinical product does not ensure that subsequent stages of clinical development will be successful. 
Failure can occur at any stage of clinical development and, as a result, enforced delays to the clinical development 
plan could delay or prevent commercialisation of the Company's product candidates. Various factors associated 
with the potential failure or delay in completing a clinical programme include, but are not limited to: 

9 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

• Delays in securing clinical investigators or clinical study sites; 

• Delays in securing any regulatory authority, hospital ethics committee, or institutional review board approval or 
approvals necessary to commence a clinical study; 

• Delays or failure to recruit a sufficient number of clinical study participants in accordance with the clinical study 
protocol; 

• Difficulty or inability to monitor subjects adequately during or after treatment; 

• Inability to replicate in Phase 3 controlled studies any safety and efficacy data obtained from controlled Phase 
2a/2b clinical studies; 

• Difficulty or inability to secure clinical investigator compliance to follow the approved clinical study protocol; and 
• Unexpected adverse events or any other safety or related issues. 

Research and development risk 

The Group operates in the biotechnology and bio-pharmaceutical development sectors and carries out complex 
scientific research. If the research or preclinical testing or clinical trials of any of Tiziana’ product candidates fail, 
meaning that these candidates will not be licensed or marketed, this would result in a complete absence of revenue 
from these failed candidates. Positive results from preclinical and early clinical studies do not guarantee positive 
results  from  clinical  trials  required  to  permit  application  for  regulatory  approval.  Furthermore,  the  Group  may 
discontinue the development of candidates if results are not positive or unlikely to further its progress towards a 
meaningful outcome or collaboration. 

Intellectual property (IP) infringement 

The Group may be subject to future litigation concerning its own IP and the IP of others. Adverse judgements in 
relation to its IP would likely have negative outcomes for its results of operations. Intellectual property (IP) control 
The Group is partially reliant on an exclusive, world-wide licence of a patents from [  ] and [  ].  

Environmental and other regulatory requirements 

The event of a breach with any environmental or regulatory requirements may give rise to reputational, financial or 
other sanctions against the Group, and therefore the Board considers these risks seriously and designs, maintains 
and reviews its policies and processes so as to mitigate or avoid these risks. Whilst the Board has a good record 
of compliance, there is no assurance that the Group’s activities will always be compliant. 

Financing 

The Group’s ability to develop its product through to commercial sale will depend upon the Group’s ability to obtain 
financing primarily through a further raising of new equity capital. Although the Group has been successful in raising 
new  equity  capital,  there  can  be  no  guarantee  that  it  will  be  able  to  do  so  in  the  future.  The  Group  may  not  be 
successful in procuring the requisite funds on terms which  are acceptable to it (or at all) and, if such funding is 
unavailable,  would  raise  questions  over  its  ability  to  further  develop  its  products  through  to  commercialisation. 
Further, Shareholders’ holdings of Ordinary Shares may be materially diluted if debt financing is not available. 

Market conditions 

Market  conditions,  including  general  economic  conditions  and  their  effect  on  exchange  rates,  interest  rates  and 
inflations rates, may impact the ultimate value of the Group regardless of its operating performance. The Group 
also faces competition from other organisations, some of which may have greater resources or be more established 
in a particular territory. The Board considers and reviews all market conditions to try and mitigate any risks that may 
arise from these. 

Political and country risk – UK departure from the EU 

The Company is quoted in the United Kingdom (UK) and operates in the UK, in addition to other territories. Since 
a significant proportion of the regulatory framework in the UK applicable to the Group’s business and its product 
candidates is derived from EU directives and regulations, Brexit and any ultimate trade deals struck between the 
UK  and  EU  could  materially  impact  the  regulatory  regime  with  respect  to  the  development,  manufacture, 
importation, approval and commercialisation of the Group’s product candidates in the UK or the EU. For example, 
as  a  result  of  the  uncertainty  surrounding  Brexit,  the  EMA  relocated  to  Amsterdam  from  London.  Following  the 
Transition  Period,  the  UK  is  no  longer  covered  by  the  centralised  procedures  for  obtaining  EU-wide  marketing 
authorisation from the EMA and, unless a specific agreement is entered into, a separate process for authorisation 
of drug products, including the Company’s drug candidates, will be required in the UK, the potential process for 

10 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

which is currently unclear. Moreover, in the US, tariffs on certain US imports have recently been imposed, and the 
EU and other countries have responded with retaliatory tariffs on certain US exports. In addition, the Group may be 
required to pay taxes or duties or be subjected to other hurdles in connection with the importation of the Group’s 
candidates into the EU, or the Group may incur expenses in establishing a manufacturing facility in the EU in order 
to  circumvent  such  hurdles.  Any  further  changes  in  international  trade,  tariff  and  import/export  regulations  as  a 
result of Brexit or otherwise may impose unexpected duty costs or other non-tariff barriers on the Group. As a result, 
given the ongoing uncertainty surrounding the situation, the Company is monitoring matters and seeking advice as 
to how to mitigate the risks arising. 

Pandemic and business disruption risk 

The Company may be affected by disruptions to its operations in one or more locations, particularly in the near 
future in light of responses to the novel coronavirus or other potential pandemics. The Company’s US operations 
are classed as an essential business and have not been subject to closure,  and work has continued to date with 
prudent hygiene and distancing measures in place including limited work in the laboratory on rota and work from 
home. [All laboratory staff have been fully vaccinated.] The Company is allowing for extended delivery times for 
some supplies, and for slower progress with collaboration partners. The Board and UK management continue to 
operate remotely, as usual. At present the Company believes that there should be no significant material disruption 
to its work, but the Board continues to monitor these risks and the Company’s business continuity plans. 

Gender of Directors and employees 

We recruit individuals who have the skills, experience and integrity needed to perform the roles to make Tiziana 
Life Sciences PLC a successful company. There are currently no women on the board, although we note that among 
our  senior  management  team  our  finance  director  is  female.  We  are  committed  and  continue  to  recruit  without 
regard to sex or ethnic origin, appointing and thereafter promoting staff based upon merit. 

The profile of the Group’s employees and directors at December 31, 2020, was as follows: 

December 31, 2020 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Number or persons who were Directors or 
officers of the Company 
Number of persons who were other employees 
of the Company 
Total employees at December 31,2020 

4 

2 

6 

1 

4 

5 

5 

6 

11 

Directors' duties in relation to s172 Companies Act 2006  

The directors consider, that they have acted in the way they believe, in good faith, to promote the success of the 
Company for the benefit of its members as a whole and, in doing so, have regard (amongst other matters) to:  

• the likely consequences of any decisions in the long-term,  

• the interests of the Company’s employees,  

• the need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others,  

• the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment,  

• the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct, and  

• the need to act fairly between the shareholders of the Company.  

Key Stakeholders and concerns 

Board Considerations 

Key Outcomes 

Employees 

Our employees are based on three sites 
in London, New York and Pennsylvania. 

Investors and shareholders 

Tiziana is a pre-revenue Company and is 
dependent  upon  existing  and  future 

Ensuring all sites view themselves as 
one Company; communicating 
performance of the Company; 
motivating staff 

Regular  Company  meetings  with  all 
sites;  weekly  meetings  at  individual 
sites; 
to  Executive 
access 
Directors; granting of share options  

easy 

Use of PR consultants; interviews with 

Proactive investors the release of 

11 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

to 
investors 
development products  

fund 

its  research  and 

Suppliers 

Tiziana has a wide range of suppliers 
for consumable items and a few key 
suppliers who are key to our 
manufacturing of product  
Contract Research Organisations 

Business Strategy clearly setting out the 
progress with projects in development and 
cash requirement  

information through the Group’s 

website; the Regulatory News Service 

of the London Stock Exchange; 

meeting individual shareholders at 

AGM 

Management  of 
relationships 
ensuring  consumable  and  other  items  are 
delivered on time and at right price 

supplier 

Key  suppliers  are  managed  in-house 
with  regular  meetings  being  held  with 
Tiziana management 

CROs  are  key  to  managing  Tiziana’s 
clinical trial programmes 

Management  of  clinical  trials  and  recruitment 
of  patients;  Regulatory  and  pre-clinical 
services  

Rigorous  selection  process  before 
engaging  CRO  and 
regular 
project meetings 

then 

Environment 

The Group is conscious of the need to 

protect the environment 

Tiziana’s operations are relatively low in 
their impact on the environment. 

During the year, employees reduced 

their travel wherever reasonably 
practical, phone - conferencing instead 

Reputation 
Maintaining a strong reputation and 

acting within laws and regulations 

impacts the Group’s relationships with 

all stakeholder 

Policies  and  procedures  approved  by  the 
Board  are  concentrated  on  maintaining 
the strong reputation of the Group within 
its  employees,  Shareholders,  suppliers, 
regulators and other key stakeholders. 

Tiziana  continuously  monitors  and 
assesses  all  regulatory  developments 
to  ensure  that  any  issues  are  being 
addressed in decision making. 

Principal decisions in 2020 

We have considered the decisions taken by the Board which will have an impact on the longer-term performance 
and prospects for the Group. The Board believes that the following decisions taken during the year and since the 
year end fall into this category and were made with full consideration of both internal and external stakeholders. 
The Group’s aim is to meet the needs of the key stakeholders who ultimately wish for us to progress our pipeline of 
drugs to treat rare cancers and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases to commercial deployment. 

Significant events/decisions 

investors, 

demerged 

independently 

Raised  £62m  of  investment  from 
existing  and  new 
to 
enable Group to progress its clinical 
trials 
Successfully 
its 
StemPrintER asset into a separate 
and 
listed  public 
company,  Accustem  Sciences 
Limited which will  focus exclusively 
on 
of 
the 
StemPrintER 
Agreement  with  STC  Biologics  for 
GMP  Manufacturing  of  an  anti-
Interleukin-6-Receptor  Monoclonal 
Antibody  for  Clinical  Studies  in 
Patients with COVID-19. 

commercialization 

Key s172 matter(s) 
affected 
Shareholders 

Shareholders 

Staff 

Employees,  Local  Research  and 
Medical Organisations 

Clinical  Study  with  Nasally 
Administered  Foralumab,  a  Fully 
Human  Anti-CD3  Monoclonal 
Antibody, for Treatment of COVID-
19 Patients in Brazil 

Environmental Matters 

Actions and impact 

Consultation 
shareholder  and  approval 
shareholders at General Meeting 

major 
from 

with 

Consultation 
shareholder  and  approval 
shareholders at General Meeting 

major 
from 

with 

after 

Board 

Decisions  were  made  by 
the 
executive team in consultation with 
the 
carefully 
considering  impact  upon  existing 
resources  and  available 
staff 
funding. 
with 
employee 
Consulted 
development 
teams  and  Local 
Organisations  in  Brazil  to  initiate 
the clinical study 

We currently outsource our research, development, testing and manufacturing activities. These activities are 
subject to various environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, which govern, among other things, the 

12 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

controlled use, handling, release and disposal of and the maintenance of a registry for, hazardous materials and 
biological materials. If we or our partners fail to comply with such laws and regulations, we could be subject to 
fines or other sanctions. 

As with other companies engaged in activities similar to ours, we face a risk of environmental liability inherent in 
our current and historical activities, including liability relating to releases of or exposure to hazardous or biological 
materials. Environmental, health and safety laws and regulations are becoming more stringent. We may be 
required to incur substantial expenses in connection with future environmental compliance or remediation 
activities, in which case, our production and development efforts may be interrupted or delayed. 

Willy Simon 

By order of the Board 
Mr Willy Simon 
May 17, 2021 

3rd Floor, 11-12 St James’s Square, London, SW1Y 4LB 

13 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

The Directors present their report and the financial statements of the Group and its Company for the year ended 
31st December 2020.  

Results and dividend 

The results of the Group for the year are set out on page 39. No dividends were declared or paid in the year (2019: 
nil). 

Directors 

The directors of the Company who were in office during the year and to the date of these financial statements were: 

Executive Chairman 

Mr Gabriele Cerrone 
Dr Kunwar Shailubhai                       Chief Executive Officer 
Non-Executive Director, 
Mr Willy Simon 
Non-Executive Director (appointed 21 January 2020, resigned 18 June 2020) 
Mr Gregor MacRae  
Mr John Brancaccio  
Non-Executive Director (appointed 20 July 2020) 
Dr Thomas Adams                            Executive Director        (appointed 5 February 2021) 

Significant shareholdings 

The directors have been notified or are aware of the following interests in 3% or more of the ordinary share capital 
of the company as at 31st December 2020: 

Ordinary shares 

Number  

Percentage 

          63,297,647                       32.52% 
Planwise Group Limited* 
                        10,153,770                         5.22% 
Empery Asset Master, Ltd       
Laura Fonda                                                                                                           7,971,966                         4.10% 
Morris Silverman                                                                                                     7,944,457                        4.08% 
                           6,296,221                        3.24% 
Howard Freedberg           

* Mr Gabriele Cerrone, a director, is the ultimate beneficial owner of the entire issued share capital of Planwise 
Group Limited. 

Pensions 

The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme open to all salaried Executive Directors, Non-Executive 
Directors and employees. There is currently one director participating in the Defined Contribution Scheme.  

Political and charitable contributions  

There were no political or charitable contributions made by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2020 
(2019: £nil). 

Staff policy 

The Group is committed to a policy of recruitment and promotion on the basis of aptitude and ability. Applications 
for employment by disabled persons are given full and fair consideration having regard to their particular aptitudes 
and abilities. Where existing employees become disabled, it is the Group’s policy, wherever possible, to provide 
continuing  employment  under  normal  terms  and  conditions  and  to  provide  training,  career  development  and 
promotion wherever appropriate. 

Corporate governance 

The Group is firmly committed to business integrity, high ethical values, and professionalism in its activities and 
operations.  The  Board  is  committed  to  maintaining  the  highest  standards  of  corporate  governance  and  is 
accountable to the Company’s shareholders. The role of the Board is to provide strategic leadership to the Group 
within a framework of sensible and effective controls, which enables risk to be assessed and managed. The Board 
sets the Group’s strategic aims, ensures that the necessary financial and human resources are in place for the 
Group to meet its objectives, and reviews executives’ performance. The Board make certain that its obligations to 
its shareholders and others are understood and met. 

14 

                                                                                          TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

As a company listed on the Main Market of the Standard Segment of the London Stock Exchange, Tiziana Life 
Sciences plc is required to adopt a corporate governance code. The Board of Directors of Tiziana Life Sciences plc 
has adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code which they believe is the code that is 
most  suitable  for  the  Company,  its  subsidiaries  and  subsidiary  undertakings  having  regard  to  its  strategy,  size, 
stage  of  development  and  resources.  The  code  can  be  found  at  www.theqca.com.  The  Company’s  corporate 
governance is reviewed on a regular basis by the Directors of the company. Tiziana Life Sciences Plc operates 
within  the  life  science  sector  in  an  effective  and  efficient  way,  with  integrity  and  due  regard  for  the  interests  of 
shareholders and applies principles of general governance applicable to the size and stage of development of the 
Group. 

How does the Board apply the ten principles set out in the QCA Code?  

1.  Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders  

The Board has a clear strategy, which is set out in the Chairman’s statement on page 2. To support the execution 
of this strategy, the Board performs the following key tasks: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

setting the Company’s values and standards;  
approval of long-term objectives and strategy;  
approval of revenue, expense and capital budgets and plans; a 
approval for therapeutic candidate progression through key development and clinical stages;  
oversight of operations ensuring that adequate systems of internal controls and risk management are in 
place,  ensuring  maintenance  of  accounting  and  other  records,  and  compliance  with  statutory  and 
regulatory obligations; 

2. Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations  

Contact with major shareholders has been principally maintained by the CEO and the Chairman during the reporting 
period, and they have ensured that their views are communicated to the Board as a whole. The Board believes that 
appropriate steps have been taken during the reporting period to ensure that the members of the Board, and in 
particular  the  Non-Executive  Directors,  develop  an  understanding  of  the  views  of  major  shareholders  about  the 
Company. We are holding our Annual General Meeting in June 2021. A Notice of Annual General Meeting will be 
issued in due course and will be available on our website. Separate resolutions will be provided on each issue so 
that  they  can  be  given  proper  consideration.  Proxy  votes  are  counted  and  the  level  of  proxies  lodged  on  each 
resolution reported after it has been dealt with by a show of hands. 

3. Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success  

Tiziana  is  committed  to  engaging  with  and  maintaining  good  relations  with  all  of  our  stakeholders  (employees, 
investors, participants in clinical trials, collaboration partners and suppliers).  

Tiziana  is  also  compliant  with  safety  and  other  regulations  in  its  laboratories  and  in  treating  patients  on  Clinical 
Trials. 

Tiziana has annual appraisals for all staff and regular meetings between staff and senior management to discuss 
business related issues. 

4. Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation 

A Risk Register is maintained for regular review by the Audit and Risk Committee and the Board. Principal risks are 
set out on page 9 where mitigating activities are also explained.  

Audit, Risk and Disclosure Committee 

The Audit Committee of the Board comprises of John Brancaccio and Willy Simon. It is chaired by John Brancaccio, 
and is responsible for: 

i. 

ii. 
iii. 

iv. 

Monitoring the quality of internal controls and ensuring the financial performance of the Group is properly 
measured and reported on; 
Consideration of the Directors’ risk assessment and suggesting items for discussion at the full Board; 
Receipt  and  review  of  reports  from  the  Company's  management  and  external  audtiors  relating  to  the 
interim  and  annual  accounts,  including  a  review  of  accounting  policies,  accounting  treatment  and 
disclosures in the financial reports; 
Consideration  of  the  accounting  and  internal  control  systems  in  use  throughout  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries; and 

15 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

v. 

Overseeing the Company’s relationship with external auditors, including making recommendations to the 
Board  as  to  the  appointment  or  re-appointment  of  the  external  auditors,  reviewing  their  terms  of 
engagement, and monitoring the external auditors’ independence, objectivity and effectiveness. 

The audit committee meets not less than twice in each financial year and has unrestricted access to the Company's 
auditors. 

5. Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chairman 

The Board is currently comprised of five directors, the Executive Chairman, two Executive directors and two Non-
Executive Directors. The directors of the Company have all been selected for their extensive experience in their 
specialised fields, making the Board well rounded and balanced. The composition of the Board is regularly reviewed 
through the Nomination committee. The wide range of skills among the directors helps to further the business and 
strategic  development  of  the  Company  as  well  as  address  any  anticipated  issued  in  the  foreseeable  future.  To 
ensure  the  Company’s  future  growth,  all  directors  are  subject  to  re-election  at  least  once  every  three  years, 
confirming the current directors all have the necessary experience and skills. The skills of each director complement 
one  another  guaranteeing  a  well-functioning  balanced  board,  led  by  the  Executive  Chairman.  The  Company 
maintains its governance structure through the Nomination Committee, Audit, Risk and Disclosure Committee and 
the Remuneration Committee. These Committees also support the Board in making the best decisions in the interest 
of the Company, shareholders and employees. The Board follow a formal schedule of matters and meet quarterly 
every year. All Directors are expected to provide a sufficient amount of time to the Company to fully exhibit and fulfil 
their  duties.  Each  Directors  time  spent  is  reviewed  annually  prior  to  recommending  their  re-election  to  the 
shareholders.  

The board is responsible to the shareholders and to ensure acceptable management to the group. 

The roles of the directors differ between Executive and Non-Executive directors, while both have fiduciary duties 
towards the group. The board is made up of Executive Chairman, Gabriele Cerrone, who has extensive experience 
in  the  financing  and  restructuring  of  micro-cap  biotechnology  companies  and  has  successfully  taken  several 
companies  to  the  NASDAQ,  AIM  and  LSE  markets,  Kunwar  Shailubhai  who  has  many  years  of  scientific  and 
research  development  experience  and  Thomas  Adams  who  also  has  many  years  of  scientific  and  research 
development experience. The Executive directors are responsible for the operation and business development of 
the company. The Non-Executive officers, Willy Simon and John Brancaccio, have many years of experience in the 
finance industry, who act as independent directors providing objective judgment and constructively challenge the 
management to ensure all strategies are completely considered.  

For the Board to carry out their duties in their entirety, they have full and timely access to all the relevant information  
they need. Directors, if necessary, are also permitted to take independent professional advice to further their roles 
at the expense of the Group. All Board members have access to the advice of the Company Secretary.  

The Code requires that a smaller company should have at least two Independent Non-Executive Directors. As at 
31 December 2020 the Board consisted of  two Executive Directors and two Non-Executive Directors. The Non-
Executive Directors are interested in either ordinary shares in the Company, options over ordinary shares in the 
Company, or both, and cannot therefore be considered fully independent under the Code. The remuneration of the 
Non-Executive Directors includes options and this is contrary to best practice, and thus the Company is not in full 
compliance. However, the Directors consider the present structure and arrangements to be adequate given the size 
and stage of development of the Company, and all are considered to be independent in character and judgement. 

The Company does not have an independent Chairman given the substantial shareholding of the Chairman. It is 
the Board’s opinion that the current arrangements are appropriate to the Company at this stage of development 
and that there are sufficient compliance structures within the Company to ensure that the governance functions that 
would be part of an independent Chairman’s responsibility are met. The Board is satisfied with the balance between 
Executive and Non-Executive Directors which allows it to exercise objectivity in decision making and proper control 
of the Company’s business. The Board considers its composition appropriate in view of the size and requirements 
of the Company’s business and the need to maintain a practical and efficient balance between Executive and Non-
Executive Directors. 

6. Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

The  Board  has  delegated  the  tasks  of  reviewing  Board  composition,  searching  for  appropriate  candidates  and 
making recommendations to the Board on candidates to be appointed as Directors, to the Nomination Committee.  

The Nomination Committee of the Board comprises of Gabriele Cerrone and Willy Simon. It is chaired by Gabriele 
Cerrone, and is responsible for: 

i. 

  drawing up selection criteria and appointment procedures for directors; 

16 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
DIRECTORS REPORT 

ii. 

  recommending nominees for election to our board of directors and its corresponding committees; 

iii. 

  assessing the functioning of individual members of our board of directors and executive officers and 
reporting the results of such assessment to the board of directors; and 

iv. 

  developing corporate governance guidelines. 

With regard to the re-election of Directors, the Company is governed by its Articles of Association (the Articles). 
Under the Articles, the Board has the power to appoint a Director during the year, but any person so appointed 
must stand for election at the next Annual General Meeting, along with the rest of the Board.   

The Board understands the value in having directors of diverse gender, race and ethnicity, along with varied skills, 
perspectives and experiences. We are constantly looking for opportunities to improve our diversity and inclusion 
practices.  

7. Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 

The Tiziana Life Sciences plc Board remains mindful that it needs to continually monitor and identify ways in which 
it  might  improve  its  performance  and  recognises  that  board  evaluation  is  a  useful  tool  for  enhancing  a  board’s 
effectiveness. 

The Remuneration Committee of the Board comprises of Willy Simon and John Brancaccio. It is chaired by Willy 
Simon, and is responsible for: 

i. 
ii. 

iii. 

The review of the performance of the executive directors; 
Recommendations  to  the  Board  on  matters  relating  to  the  remuneration  and  terms  of  service  of  the 
executive directors; and 
Recommendations to the Board on proposals for the granting of share options and other equity incentives 
pursuant to any share option scheme or equity incentive scheme in operation from time to time. 

In  making  their  recommendations  the  Remuneration  Committee  will  have  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
Shareholders and the performance of the Company. 

8. Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours  

The Company is fully committed to the elimination of unlawful and unfair discrimination and values the differences 
that a diverse workforce brings to the organisation. The Company endeavours to not discriminate because of age, 
disability,  gender  reassignment,  marriage  and  civil  partnership,  pregnancy  and  maternity,  race  (which  includes 
colour, nationality and ethnic or national origins), religion or belief, sex, or sexual orientation. The Company will 
undertake  an  annual  review  of  its  policies  and  procedures  to  establish  its  position  about  compliance  and  best 
practice and monitor and promote a healthy corporate culture. 

9. Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by the 
Board  

The Board is supported by the Committees, explained above, in the task of maintaining governance processes and 
structures. Furthermore, the following governance matters support good decision-making by the Board. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  Company’s  internal  control  and  reviewing  its  effectiveness.  The  Directors 
confirm that the Board has acknowledged this responsibility. The Directors confirm that there is an ongoing process 
for  reviewing  internal  controls  and  effectiveness  as  well  as  identifying,  evaluating,  and  managing  the  significant 
risks facing the Group and its subsidiaries. This process has been in place from 1 January 2017 and continues to 
be in place, the internal controls are reviewed on a regular basis.  

The  Group’s  system  of  internal  control  is  designed  to  provide  the  Directors  with  reasonable  assurance  that  the 
Group’s assets are safeguarded, that transactions are authorised and properly recorded, and that material errors 
and irregularities are either prevented or would be detected within a timely period. However, no system of internal 
control  can  eliminate  the  risk  of  failure  to  achieve  business  objectives  or  provide  absolute  assurance  against 
material misstatement or loss. 

The key elements of the internal control system in operation are: 

• 

The Board meets regularly with an agenda of matters reserved for their decision and has put in place an 
organisational  structure  with  clear  lines  of  responsibility  defined  and  with  appropriate  delegation  of 
authority. The Board receives periodic updates from both the Audit and Remuneration Committees. 

17 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

• 

The Management team is responsible for the identification and evaluation of significant risks and for the 
design,  implementation  and  monitoring  of  appropriate  internal  controls,  including,  but  not  limited  to, 
financial and computer systems, business operations, and compliance. 

•  Management regularly reports to the Board on the key risks inherent in the business and on the way in 

• 

which these risks are managed. 
There are established procedures for planning, approving, and monitoring large expenditures, including 
capital expenditures, as well as processes for monitoring the Group’s financial perform. 

•  A comprehensive forecasting process is completed four times a year, prior to each board meeting, which 
is reviewed and approved by the Board. Detailed management accounts are produced on a monthly basis, 
with  all  significant  variances  investigated  promptly.  The  management  accounts  are  reviewed  and 
commented on a monthly basis by the management team. 
The  Group  maintains  appropriate  insurance  cover,  including  in  respect  of  actions  taken  against  the 
Directors because of their roles, as well as against material loss or claims against the Group. The insured 
values and type of cover are comprehensively reviewed on an annual basis. 

• 

10. Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders 
and other relevant stakeholders  

Contact with major shareholders is principally maintained by the Chairman and CEO, and additionally the Senior 
Independent Non-Executive  Directors are available to discuss governance and other matters directly with major 
shareholders, both private and institutional.  

The  Company  uses  its  corporate  website  (www.tizianalifesciences.com)  to  communicate  with  institutional 
shareholders  and  private  investors,  and  the  website  also  contains  the  latest  announcements,  press  releases, 
published financial information, current projects and other information about the Company. The annual report which 
includes the financial statements is a key communication document and is available on the Company’s website.  

Whistleblowing 

The company has formal arrangements in place to facilitate ‘whistle-blowing’ by employees. If a complaint is made, 
the content is sent anonymously by email to the Company’s Compliance Officer, so that appropriate action can be 
taken. 

Employment 

The company endeavours to appoint employees with appropriate skills, knowledge and experience for the roles 
they undertake and thereafter to develop, incentivise and retain staff. The Board recognises its legal 
responsibility to ensure the well-being, safety and welfare of the company's employees and maintain a safe and 
healthy working environment for them and our visitors. If an employee has a concern about unsafe conditions or 
tasks, they are encouraged to report their concerns immediately to their manager. 

Statement of directors’ responsibilities  

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ Report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company Law requires the directors to prepare group and company financial statements for each financial year. 
The directors are required by the Rules of the London Stock Exchange to prepare group financial statements 
in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. 

Under Company Law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they 
give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the Group and the financial performance and 
cash flows of the Group for that year. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:  

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
• 

state whether in preparation of the Group and Company financial statements the Group and Company has 
conformed with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; 
prepare the accounts on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company 
will continue in business. 

• 

18 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the 
Group’s transactions and  disclose with reasonable  accuracy at any time the financial position of the  Group and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of 
fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included 
on the Company's website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of the 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Statement of Directors' responsibilities pursuant to Disclosure and Transparency Rules 

Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are listed on page 2 confirm that, to the best of their knowledge 
and belief: 
• 

the financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union, give a true 
and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and loss of the Company; and 
the Annual Report and financial statements, including the Strategic Report, includes a fair review of the 
development  and  performance  of  the  business  and  the  position  of  the  Company,  together  with  a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face. 

• 

Directors indemnity 

The Company’s Articles of Association provide, subject to the provisions of UK legislation, an indemnity for directors 
and officers of the Company in respect of liabilities they may incur in the discharge of their duties or in the exercise 
of their powers, including any liabilities relating to the defence of any proceedings brought against them which relate 
to  anything  done  or  omitted,  or  alleged  to  have  been  done  or  omitted,  by  them  as  officers  or  employees  of  the 
Company. 

Appropriate directors and officer’s liability insurance cover is in place in respect of all Company directors. 

DISCLOSURES REQUIRED BY PUBLICLY TRADED COMPANIES UNDER RULE 7.2.6R OF THE UK LISTING 
AUTHORITY’S DISCLOSURE GUIDANCE AND TRANSPARENCY RULES 

The following disclosures are made pursuant to Rule 7.2.6.R of the UK Listing Authority’s Disclosure Guidance and 
Transparency Rules (DTR). As at 31 December 2020:  

Details of significant direct or indirect holdings of securities of the Company are set out in the Directors 
a) 
Report outlined in this document. The Company is not aware of any agreements between shareholders which may 
result in restrictions on the transfer of securities or on voting rights.  

b) 

c) 

There are no persons who hold securities carrying special rights regarding control of the Company. 

All ordinary shares carry one vote per share without restriction.  

d) 
The Company’s rules about the appointment and replacement of Directors are contained in the Company’s 
constitution  and  accord  with  the  Companies  Act  2006.  Amendments  to  the  Company’s  constitution  must  be 
approved by the Company’s shareholders by passing a special resolution.  

e) 
The  Company  may  exercise  in  any  manner  permitted  by  the  Companies  Act  2006  any  power  which  a 
public company limited by shares may exercise under the Companies Act 2006. The business of the Company is 
managed by or under the direction of the Directors. The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company 
except any powers that the Companies Act 2006 or the constitution requires the Company to exercise.  

f) 
Subject to any rights and restrictions attached to a class of shares and in compliance with the Companies 
Act 2006, the Company may allot and issue unissued shares and grant options over unissued shares, on any terms, 
at any time and for any consideration, as the Directors resolve. This power of the Company can only be exercised 
by the Directors. The Company may reduce its share capital and buy-back shares in itself on any terms and at any 
time. However, the Companies Act 2006 sets out certain procedures which must be followed in relation to reductions 
in share capital and the buy-back of shares. 

19 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 

The COVID-19 virus has swept the globe and has claimed many thousands of lives. It is clear that the pandemic 
has had a far more severe impact on markets than previous virus outbreaks, with governments having taken strict 
measures to contain the virus.  

Despite the risks of a global recession with associated volatility in world stock markets, the Company believes that 
healthcare as a defensive sector should fare better than other parts of the economy and it does not believe that the 
recent  outbreak  of  COVID-19  pandemic  will  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’  operations.  Indeed,  the 
Company has raised substantial funds during the pandemic to enable it to expedite development of TZLS-501 as 
well as other initiatives within its project pipeline. 

Disclosure of information to auditor 

So far as the Directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware, 
and they have taken all steps that they ought to have taken as Directors in order to make themselves aware of any 
relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of that information. 

Auditor 

Mazars LLP have indicated their willingness to continue in office as auditor for another year. In accordance with 
section 489 of the Companies Act 2006, a resolution proposing that Mazars LLP be reappointed as auditors of the 
Company will be put to the Annual General Meeting.  

Future developments 

The Executive Chairman’s Statement on pages 2 to 7 provides a summary of future developments of the Group. 

Research and development activities 

The research  and development activities of the Group are described in the Executive  Chairman’s Statement on 
page 2 to 7. 

Greenhouse Gas Emissions 

The Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors’ Reports) Regulations 2013 require companies listed on 
the  Main  Market  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  to  report  on  the  greenhouse  gas  emissions  for  which  they  are 
responsible.  

We are a company with a small number of employees. We have serviced offices and we currently outsource our 
research, development, testing and manufacturing activities. As a result, we do not emit greenhouse gases from 
our own activities, nor do we purchase electricity, heat or steam for our own use. (Scope 1 and scope 2 
disclosures). 

Accordingly, there are no greenhouse gas emissions to report from the Company’s operations, nor does it have 
responsibility for any other emissions. Further, for the same reason, the Company considers that it is a ‘low energy 
user’  under  the  Streamlined  Energy  &  Carbon  Reporting  regulations  and  therefore  a  disclosure  on  energy  and 
carbon emissions is not required. 

Post balance sheet events 

On 4 January 2021, the Company announced that it had completed f its clinical study in Brazil investigating nasally 
administered  Foralumab,  its  proprietary  human  monoclonal  antibody,  either  alone  or  in  combination  with  orally 
administered dexamethasone in COVID-19 patients. 

On  13  January  2021,  the  Company  announced  the  appointment  of  Dr  Neil  Graham  MBBS,  MD,  MPH  as  Chief 
Medical Officer.  

On 20 January 2021, the Company announced the cancellation of admission of its Ordinary Shares to trading on 
AIM and admission to listing of its ordinary shares on the standard listing segment of the Official List of the Financial 
Conduct Authority and admission to trading on the main market for listed securities of London Stock Exchange plc. 
The last day of trading of the Company's Ordinary Shares on AIM was 20 January 2021 and the AIM Delisting was 

20 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REPORT 

effective from 7.00 am 21 January 2021. Admission of shares to the Official List and commencement of dealing in 
the Ordinary Shares of the Company on the Main Market was effective from 8.00 am on 21 January 2021. 

On  5  February  2021,  the  Company  announced  the  appointment  of  Dr  Thomas  Adams,  Ph.D.  as  an  executive 
director. Dr Adams assumed the position of Head of Drug Development with immediate effect and his executive 
role  is  to  manage  and  oversee  all  matters  relating  to  the  Company's  pre-clinical  and  clinical  drug  development 
programs and associated intellectual property. 

On  30  March  2021,  the  Company  announced  that  the  U.S.  Food  and  Drug  Administration  (FDA)  has  allowed 
evaluation of nasal administration with Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, in a secondary 
progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patient at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH), Harvard University, 
Boston, MA. This patient will be treated under an Individual Patient Expanded Access IND. This is the first time a 
nasally administered antibody will be administered to a patient with SPMS. The treatment is planned to start in the 
third quarter  of  2021  and  will  continue  for  six  months.  Investigators  at  BWH  will  follow  this  patient  with  detailed 
routine safety, neurological, imaging and PET studies to evaluate microglial imaging. Modification of immunological 
and neurodegenerative markers is part of standard investigations that will be conducted at the BWH.  

Financial instruments 

The use of financial instruments is considered by the Board and the exposure of the Group to price, credit, liquidity 
and cash flow  risks are considered.  Details of the risks and mitigation can be found in the Strategic Report on 
pages 9 to 11, and at note 2 to the financial statements. 

Willy Simon 

By order of the Board 

Mr Willy Simon 
May 17 2021 
3rd Floor, 11-12 St James’s Square, London, SW1Y 4L

21 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Letter from the Chair of the Remuneration Committee 

Dear Shareholders,  

On behalf of the Remuneration Committee, I am pleased to present our Directors’ Remuneration Report for the 
year ended December 31, 2020 which will be subject to an advisory vote under a resolution to be proposed at the 
2021 Annual General Meeting (“AGM”). Shareholders approved the Remuneration Policy at the 2018 AGM. 

I  hope  that  you  will  be  supportive  of  our  remuneration  approach  and  will  vote  in  favour  of  the  Directors' 
Remuneration Report. 

Key activities and decisions in the year ended December 31, 2020 

Since January 1, 2020, the Committee has undertaken the following key decisions and activities.  

• 

The Committee reviewed the compensation paid to the Executive Chairman which had not been reviewed 
since it was fixed in June 2016. Looking at various reports regarding compensation for the role of Executive 
Chairman across both Europe and the US, it was considered appropriate that the compensation for this 
role was revised. 

The  Committee  acknowledged  that  a  realisation  bonus  due  to  the  Executive  Chairman  had  become 
payable due to the fundraise that took place on August 5, 2020 and satisfied the cash bonus with a non -
cash award payable in shares. 

•  Resolved that Dr Howard Weiner, a key partner,  be awarded an additional option award, in addition to 
having  amendments  made  to  existing  performance  conditions  on  an  existing  award,  in  order  to  further 
promote the success of the Company. 

The  Company  has  made  significant  progress  during  2020  in  the  clinical  development  on  Foralumab,  with  the 
completion of Phase I clinical trials for the first in-human evaluation of the nasal and oral administration of Foralumab 
and  the  completion  of  Phase  2a  trials  in  Milciclib,  along  with  the  strengthening  of  the  financial  position  of  the 
Company through fundraising.  

I  hope  that  you  remain  supportive  of  our  remuneration  approach  and  will  vote  in  favour  of  the  Directors' 
Remuneration Report. 

Yours faithfully, 

Willy Simon 

Willy Simon 
Chair of the Remuneration Committee 
May 17 2021 

22 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Annual report on Remuneration 

Single total figure of remuneration of each Director (Audited) 

The Directors received the following remuneration for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: 

Year Ended 
December 31, 
2020 £’000 
Executive 
Gabriele 
Cerrone 
Kunwar 
Shailubhai (5) 
Non - Executive 
Willy Simon 
Gregor  MacRae   
(1) 
John Brancaccio 
(2) 

Base 
Salary  

Bonus 

Share-
based 
payment  (3) 

Other (4) 

133 

468 

38 
21 

17 

10,357 (5) 

121 

164 

1,611 

- 
- 

- 

24 
- 

24 

- 

14 

2 
- 

- 

2020 
Total 

10,601 

2,257 

64 
21 

41 

Total fixed 
renumeration 

Total variable 
renumeration 

133 

482 

40 
21 

17 

10,468 

1,775 

24 
- 

24 

Total 

677 

10,521 

1,780 

16 

12,994 

693 

12,301 

Year Ended 
December 31, 
2019 £’000 
Executive 
Gabriele 
Cerrone 
Kunwar 
Shailubhai (7) 
Non - Executive 
Willy Simon 
Leopoldo 
Zambeletti   (8) 
Riccardo  Dalla 
Favera (9) 

Base 
Salary  

Bonus 

Share-based 
payment  (3) 

Other (4) 

2019 Total 

Total fixed 
renumeration 

Total 
variable 
renumeration 

80 

470 

38 
- 

2 

143(6) 

159 

- 
- 

- 

296 

695 

- 
- 

- 

- 

32 

- 
- 

- 

519 

1,356 

38 
- 

2 

80 

502 

38 
- 

2 

439 

854 

- 
- 

- 

Total 

590 

302 

991 

32 

1,915 

622 

1,293 

(1)  Resigned 18th June 2020 
(2)  Appointed 20th July 2020 
(3)  Shares based payments represent the fair value of options that vested during the years ended December 

31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. 

(4)  Other benefits represent healthcare benefits and pension contributions. 
(5)  This bonus includes a £10.29m realisation bonus which became payable on 5th August 2020 
(6)  Bonus covers the period June 9, 2016 to December 31, 2019 
(7)  Kunwar Shailubhai’s base salary is $600,000. Any variation is due to exchange rates 
(8)  Resigned 20th November 2019 
(9)  Resigned 7th February 2019 

No payments were made towards a pension plan for our executive directors, £2,800 was made for our salaried non- 
executive  directors,  who  receives  the  same  pension  benefit  as  the  UK  based  employees,  namely  a  matching 
contribution of 6% of salary, if a 3% minimum contribution is made. 

23 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Statement of Directors’ Shareholding and Share Interests (Audited) 

The table below details the total number of shares owned (including their beneficial interests), the total number of 
share options held and the number of share options vested but not yet exercised as at December 31, 2020: 

Year Ended December 
31, 2020 
Executive 
Gabriele Cerrone 
Kunwar Shailubhai 
Non - Executive 
Willy Simon 
John Brancaccio 

Shares  

Options – not yet 
vested 

Options – vested 
not yet exercised 

Total (Shares and 
options) 

66,304,893 
405,000 

3,259,403 
4,700,000 

16,500 

- 

- 
- 

1,830,775 
3,900,000 

250,000 
250,000 

71,395,071 
9,005,000 

266,500 
250,000 

Total 

66,726,393 

7,959,403 

6,230,775 

80,916,571 

The interests of the Directors in the Company’s share options are as follows: 

Director 

Granted 

Gabriele Cerrone 

1,830,775 

3,259,403* 

of 

Date 
grant 
26 January 
2016 
6 May 2020 

Price  per  share 
£ 
0.35 

0.35 

Vesting Criteria 

Expiry Date 

Immediate 

weighted  average  of  an 
ordinary share must be greater 
than £3 (or ADS price exceeds 
consecutive 
$6) 
dealing days 

for  120 

25 June 2024 

5 May 2028 

Kunwar Shailubhai 

2,500,000* 

6 May 2020 

0.35 

Fully vested 

1,400,000* 

6 May 2020 

0.35 

Fully  vested  as  performance 
criteria met 

4,700,000* 

6 May 2020 

0.35 

Willy Simon 

250,000 

20 August 
2020 

1.475 

John Brancaccio 

250,000 

August 

1.475 

20 
2020 

on 

25 per cent. will vest on each 
of 6 May 2021, 2022, 2023 and 
2024 
5%  of  the  options  vest  each 
year  PROVIDED  THAT  total 
shareholder return (as set out 
in the annual report) is equal to 
or greater than 10%.If the total 
shareholder return target is not 
met  in  any  single  year  but,  in 
any subsequent year or years, 
the  total  shareholder  return 
criteria 
an 
is  met 
aggregated  basis,  the  vesting 
condition for those aggregated 
periods  shall  be  deemed 
satisfied. 
5%  of  the  options  vest  each 
year  PROVIDED  THAT  total 
shareholder return (as set out 
in the annual report) is equal to 
or greater than 10%. If the total 
shareholder return target is not 
met  in  any  single  year  but,  in 
any subsequent year or years, 
the  total  shareholder  return 
criteria 
an 
is  met 
aggregated  basis,  the  vesting 
condition for those aggregated 

on 

24 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

5 May 2028 

5 May 2030 

5 May 2030 

19 August 2030 

19 August 2030 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

periods  shall  be  deemed 
satisfied. 

•  A resolution was passed at a General Meeting of shareholders on May 6, 2020 to favourably reprice these 

options to £0. 35. 

Annual performance bonus – 2020 

In 2020, all employees were eligible for an annual discretionary cash bonus, whereby performance objectives are 
established at the beginning of the financial year by reference to suitably challenging corporate goals. 

In relation to the Directors, Kunwar Shailubhai’s bonus was fixed at 35% of salary for 2020. Gabriele Cerrone’s on-
target bonus for 2020 was 50% of salary. 

In  addition  to  the  target  bonus  mentioned  above,  Gabriele  Cerrone  also  had  a  realisation  bonus  in  his  contract 
whereby he was entitled to a realisation bonus amount equal to the Enterprise Value multiplied by 2.5% in the event 
of a new equity capital raise in excess of £20,000,000. This bonus became payable upon a £44m fundraise carried 
out on August 5, 2020. The Company equated its market capitalisation on this date to the enterprise value, resulting 
in a bonus payment of £10,290,230. Gabriele Cerrone agreed to receive this bonus in the form of equity, amounting 
to 4,763,995 shares. The number of shares to be issued is fixed. 

For  all  other  staff  (other  than  the  Executive  Directors  and  Non-Executive  Directors)  the  maximum  bonus 
opportunities ranged from 10% to 20% of salary. Bonus payments are not pensionable. 

For 2020 for all staff (other than the Executive Directors and Non-Executive Directors) 100% of the annual bonus 
was by reference to individual goals, which are based on corporate goals.  

Gabriele Cerrone is also eligible to receive an additional realisation bonuses as follows: 

In the event that, during this Agreement, either: (i) there is a sale, in one or a series of transactions, of all 
or substantially all of the assets ( calculated on the basis of book values) of the Group ( or a licence of the 
same  on  an  exclusive  or  non-exclusive  basis  ),  where  the  Enterprise  Value  equals  or  exceeds 
£300,000,000; or (ii) there is either a change of control where the Enterprise Value equals or exceeds 
£300,000,000, the Chairman will be entitled to receive an additional Realisation Bonus in the amount 
equal to the Enterprise Value multiplied by three and a half (3.5) per cent. 

The Enterprise Value means: (i) in the case of a change of control resulting in consideration payable to 
the  Group  (for  example,  on  a  sale  of  its  assets  or  licensing  transaction),  the  total  cash  and  non-cash 
consideration received by the Group; or (ii) in the case of a change of control resulting in consideration 
payable to the shareholders of the ordinary shares in the issued share capital of the Group from time to 
time, the total cash and non-cash consideration payable to the Shareholders. 

Total Shareholder Return  

The graph below shows the Company’s performance, measured by total shareholder return, for UK ordinary 
shares listed on AIM: TILS) against the AIM All Share Index. The AIM All Share Index has been selected for this 
comparison because Tiziana Life Sciences PLC has been trading on this exchange for five years and the AIM All 
Share is considered to be the most suitable comparator index. 

Total Shareholder Return 
(Source: Investing.com) 

25 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

500%

400%

300%

200%

100%

0%

Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 Jun-16 Dec-16 Jun-17 Dec-17 Jun-18 Dec-18 Jun-19 Dec-19 Jun-20 Dec-20

AIM All Share TSR

TILS TSR

Percentage change in remuneration of the Directors and employees  

Set out below is the change over the prior period in base salary, benefits, pension and annual performance bonus 
for the CEO, for all the directors and the Company’s employees. Only directors in office during any part of the 2020 
year have been included below. 

Kunwar Shailubhai (CEO) 

Gabriele Cerrone (Chairman) 

Willy Simon 

John Brancaccio 

Salary % change 
2019 vs 2020  

Benefits % change 
2019 vs 2020  

Bonus % change 
2019 vs 2020 

0% 

67% 

0% 

0% 

0% 

See note 2 

67% (see note 1) 

0% 

0% 

See note 3 

See note 2 

See note 3 

Gregor MacRae 

See note 3 

See note 2 

See note 3 

All employees excluding directors 

16% 

See note 4 

16% 

(1)  For comparison purposes, Gabriele Cerrone’s realisation bonus has been excluded 
(2)  John Brancaccio and Gregor MacRae did not receive any benefits in 2020. Gabriele Cerrone and Willy 

Simon did not receive any benefits in 2020 or 2019. 

(3)  John Brancaccio and Gregor MacRae did not receive any salary or bonus in 2019. 
(4)  All average employees did not receive taxable benefits, so a comparison is not possible. 

The following table sets out the Company’s performance objectives for 2021. 

Objective Weighting 

Weighting 

Orally administered Foralumab for the treatment of Crohn’s disease milestone 
delivery 

Intranasal administration of Foralumab milestone delivery (including COVID 19 
inpatients and outpatients) 

Progress the clinical development for our lead oncology candidate Milciclib in 
combination with other therapeutics for KRAS+ NSCLC. 

26 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

30% 

30% 

 15% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Achievement of financial targets 

New business development deals 

Secure additional funding 

10% 

5% 

10% 

100% 

Specific targets are commercially sensitive and therefore are not disclosed in advance. However, full details of the 
targets and performance against them will be disclosed when they are no longer considered commercially sensitive. 

Payments to past directors (audited) 

In the period there were no payments to past Directors. 

Payments for loss of office (audited). 

No payments were made to Directors for loss of office in the period. 

Relative Importance of spend on pay 

The Committee considers the company’s research and development expenditure relative to salary expenditure for 
all employees, to be the most appropriate metric for assessing overall spend on pay due to the nature and stage of 
the  company’s  business.  Dividend  distribution  and  share  buy-back  comparators  have  not  been  included  as  the 
company has no history of such transactions. The graph below illustrates the gross pay to all employees per year 
as compared to research and development expenditure and illustrates the year-on-year change. 

£000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

Research and Development

Labour costs

2020

2019

27 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Employment conditions across the Group  

The  Committee  is  kept  regularly  updated  on  pay  and  conditions  across  the  Group,  although  when  setting  the 
Directors’ remuneration policy, the wider employee group is not formally consulted. In determining any adjustments 
to the pay of the Executive Directors and the senior executive salaries, the Committee considers the increases to 
pay levels across the broader employee population. 

Consideration of shareholder views 
 The Committee considers shareholder feedback received in relation to the Annual General Meeting each year at 
its first meeting following the Annual General Meeting. This feedback, as well as any additional feedback received 
during  other  meetings  with  shareholders  and  representative  bodies,  is  then  considered  when  reviewing 
remuneration  policy.  When  any  material  changes  are  proposed  by  the  Group  to  the  remuneration  policy,  the 
Committee will consult major shareholders. 

Illustration of application of remuneration policy 

The charts below set out the minimum (i.e. ‘fixed’) remuneration receivable by each Executive Director as at the 
date of this Annual Report, as well as the potential remuneration for ‘on-target’ and ‘maximum’ performance, as a 
result of the remuneration paid in or awarded for the year ending December 31, 2021. 

28 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

The scenarios set out in the above charts reflect or assume the following: 

• 

‘Fixed’ remuneration comprises:  
 base salary and 
 the estimated value of taxable benefits to be provided in 2021 

o 
o 

A base salary of £120,000 for the Chairman for the full 2021 financial year (although such salary will be effective 
from 1 August 2020).  

• 
• 

The ‘on-target’ remuneration assumes an annual bonus payment of 50% of the maximum opportunity. 
The ‘maximum’ remuneration assumes maximum performance is achieved and therefore awards under 
the annual bonus pay out at their maximum levels.  

Structure and role of Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee of the Board comprises of John Brancaccio and Willy Simon. It is chaired by Willy 
Simon, and is responsible for: 

i. 
ii. 

iii. 

The review of the performance of the executive directors; 
Recommendations  to  the  Board  on  matters  relating  to  the  remuneration  and  terms  of  service  of  the 
executive directors; and 
Recommendations to the Board on proposals for the granting of share options and other equity incentives 
pursuant to any share option scheme or equity incentive scheme in operation from time to time. 

In  making  their  recommendations  the  Remuneration  Committee  will  have  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
Shareholders and the performance of the Company. 

Directors' remuneration policy 

The Policy was approved (with no significant vote against) by the Company’s shareholders at the 2019 AGM and 
will remain in force for three years from that date (until the AGM in 2022), or until a revised Remuneration Policy is 
approved by shareholders. 

The  Company's  policy  is  to  maintain  levels  of  remuneration  sufficient  to  attract,  motivate  and  retain  senior 
executives of the highest calibre who can deliver growth in shareholder value. Executive Director's remuneration 
currently consists of basic salary and benefits. An annual bonus, and long-term incentives will be introduced in line 
with  the  Company's  expansion.  The  Company  will  seek  to  strike  an  appropriate  balance  between  fixed  and 
performance-related reward so that the total remuneration package is structured to align a significant proportion to 
the achievement of performance targets, reinforcing a clear link between pay and performance. The performance 
targets for staff, senior executives and the Executive Directors will be aligned to the key drivers of the business 
strategy, thereby creating a strong alignment of interest between staff, Executive Directors and shareholders. 
The Remuneration Committee will continue to review the Company's remuneration policy and make amendments, 
as  and  when  necessary,  to  ensure  it  remains  fit  for  purpose  and  continues  to  drive  high  levels  of  executive 
performance and remains both affordable and competitive in the market. 

Policy Table 

Element of reward - Base Salary 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

To provide fixed remuneration to 

■ 
■ 

help recruit and retain key individuals; 
reflect the individual's experience, role and contribution within the Company. 

Operation 

The Remuneration Committee considers a number of factors when setting salaries, 
including: 

■ 
■ 
■ 
■ 

scope and complexity of the role 
the skills and experience of the individual 
salary levels for similar roles within the industry 
pay elsewhere in the Company 

Salaries are reviewed, but not necessarily increased, annually. 

29 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Performance 
conditions 

None. 

Maximum opportunity Salary increases are normally made with reference to the average increase for the 
wider  Company.  The  Board  retains  discretion  to  make  higher  increases  in  certain 
circumstances, for example, following an increase in the scope and/or responsibility 
of the role or the development of the individual in the role or by benchmarking. 

Element of reward- Other benefits 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

To provide a basic benefits package. 

Operation 

The  Company  provides  Executive  Directors  with  medical  insurance  for  themselves  and 
their family. 

Performance conditions None. 

Maximum opportunity  Maximum opportunity will be whatever it costs to provide the benefit. 

Element of reward -  Annual Bonus 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

To incentivise and reward the achievement of annual financial, operational and individual 
objectives which are key to the delivery of the Company's short-term strategy. 

Operation 

•  Executive Directors and staff are eligible to participate in a discretionary bonus 

plan. 

•  The  Remuneration  Committee  will  determine  on  an  annual  basis  the  level  of 

deferral, if any, of the bonus payment into Company shares. 

•  Maximum bonus levels and the proportion payable for on target performance are 

considered in the light of market bonus levels for similar roles among the 
industry sector. 

•  Bonuses are not pensionable. 
•  The  Remuneration  Committee  sets  targets  which  require  appropriate  levels  of 
performance, considering internal and external expectations of performance. 
•  As soon as practicable after the year-end, the Remuneration Committee meets 

to review performance against objectives and determines payout levels. 

•  From  2019  in  terms  of  bonus  targets  a  balanced  scorecard  approach  will  be 
operated which focuses on a mixture of strategic, operational, financial and 
non-financial metrics.  

Performance conditions 

•  At least 50% of the award will be assessed against Company metrics including 

operational, financial and non-financial performance. The remainder of the award 
will be based on performance against individual objectives. 

•  A scale between 0% and 100% of the maximum award is paid dependent on the 

level of performance. 

Maximum opportunity  The  maximum  potential  bonus  entitlement  for  Executive  Directors  under  the  plan  will  be 

equal to 50% of the base salary. 

30 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Element of reward - Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

• 
• 

To incentivise and reward the creation of long-term shareholder value. 
To align the interests of the Executive and Non- Executive Directors with those of 
shareholders. 

Operation 

• 

Under the terms of the non-tax advantaged share option plan (the "Share Option Plan"), 
the Remuneration Committee may issue options over shares up to 15% of the issued share 
capital of the Company from time to time. Directors and employees are eligible for awards. 
The  exercise  of  options  may  be  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  such  performance 
conditions, if any, as may be specified and subsequently varied and/or waived by the 
Remuneration Committee. 
The Remuneration Committee determines on an annual basis, and from time to time 
as needed (i.e., new employee or promotion), the type of awards to be granted to 
executives and other employees under the plan. 

• 

Performance conditions Vesting of the awards is dependent on financial, operational and/or share price measures, 
as  set  by  the  Remuneration  Committee,  which  are  aligned  with  the  long-term  strategic 
objectives  of  the  Company.  The  relevant  performance  conditions  will  be  set  by  the 
Remuneration Committee on the award of each grant but will include a mixture of strategic, 
operational, financial and non-financial metrics. 

Notes on Table 

The Remuneration Committee may make minor amendments to the Policy set out above for regulatory, exchange 
control, tax or administrative purposes or to take account of a change in legislation without obtaining shareholder 
approval for that amendment. Any major changes will be put to a shareholder vote at the next AGM or an EGM. 

The Policy was approved by a Shareholder vote at the 2019 AGM and, i remains in force until the AGM in 2022 
with no requirement to vote again on the Policy in the intervening years provided that no changes are proposed. 

Policy on payment for loss of office 

In  the  event  that  the  employment  of  an  Executive  Director  is  terminated,  any  compensation  payable  will  be 
determined in accordance with the terms of the service contract between the Company and the employee, as well 
as the rules of any incentive plans. Notice periods are set at up to a maximum of twelve months by either party. 

The  Company  considers  a  variety  of  factors  when  considering  leaving  arrangements  for  an  Executive  Director, 
including individual and business performance, the obligation for the Director to mitigate loss (for example by gaining 
new employment) and other relevant circumstances (e.g. ill health). 

If the Executive Director's employment is terminated by the Company, the Executive Director may receive a time 
pro-rated  bonus  to  the  period  worked  subject  to  performance  in  that  period,  subject  to  the  Remuneration 
Committee's discretion.  

The  treatment  of  outstanding  share  awards  is  governed  by  the  relevant  share  plan  rules.  The  following  table 
summarises the leaver provisions of share plans under which Executive Directors may currently hold awards. 

Leaving Event 

Time period 

            Conditions 

Injury,  disability,  ill-health, 
redundancy 

Option  may  be  exercised  within 
3 months of leaving. 

Exercise and time vesting provisions per the 
option certificate. 

Death 

Option  may  be  exercised  by 
personal  representatives  within 
12 months of death. 

Board can waive if satisfied that such waiver 
is not rewarding failure. 

Exercise and time vesting provisions per the 
option certificate. 

Board can waive if satisfied that such waiver 
is not rewarding failure. 

31 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS REMUNERATION REPORT 

Resignation  or  any  other 
reason 
not  mentioned 
above. 

Lapse of option unless 

If allowed to exercise; 

Board  exercises  discretion  to 
allow exercise of option in which 
case  within  3  months  of 
leaving/notice. 

Exercise and time vesting provisions per the 
option certificate. 

Board can waive if satisfied that such waiver 
is not rewarding failure. 

Annual report on approach to remuneration on recruitment 

In  determining  remuneration  for  new  appointments  to  the  Board,  the  Board  will  consider  all  relevant  factors 
including, but not limited to, the calibre of the individual and their existing package, the external market and the 
existing arrangements for the Company's current Executive Directors, with a view that any arrangements offered 
are in the best interests of the Company and shareholders and without paying any more than is necessary. 

Where the new appointment is replacing a previous Executive Director, salaries and total remuneration opportunity 
may be higher or lower than the previous incumbent. If the appointee is expected to develop into the role, the Board 
may  decide  to  appoint  the  new  Executive  Director  to  the  Board  at  a  lower  than  typical  salary.  Larger  increases 
(above  those  of  the  wider  company)  may  be  awarded  over  time  to  move  closer  to  the  market  level  as  their 
experience develops. 

Benefits and other elements of remuneration will normally be limited to those outlined in the remuneration policy 
table  above.  However,  additional  benefits  may  be  provided  by  the  Company  where  the  Board  considers  it 
reasonable and necessary to do so. 

It  is  expected  that  the  structure  and  various  pay  elements  would  reflect  those  set  out  in  the  policy  table  above. 
However, the Board recognises that, as an independent life sciences company, it is competing with global firms for 
its talent. As a result, the Board considers it important that the recruitment policy has sufficient flexibility in order to 
attract the calibre of individual that the Company requires to grow a successful business. The Company recognises 
that in many cases, an external appointee may forfeit significant cash bonuses and/or share awards from a prior 
employer. The Board believes that it needs the ability to compensate new hires for bonuses and/ or incentive awards 
lost  on  joining  the  Company.  The  Board  will  use  its  discretion  in  settling  any  such  compensation,  which  will  be 
decided  on  a  case-by-case  basis,  provided  that  in  no  event  shall  such  compensation  exceed  the  value  of 
compensation forfeited by the external appointee, as confirmed by the appointee in a written agreement with the 
Company. 

32 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 

Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of Tiziana Life Sciences Plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries 
(the ‘Group’) for the year ended 31 December 2020 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income;  the  Consolidated  and  Company  Statements  of  Financial  Position;  the  Consolidated  and  Company 
Statements  of  Cash  Flows;  the  Consolidated  and  Company  Statements  of  Changes  In  Equity  and  notes  to  the 
financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.  The financial reporting framework that 
has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and international accounting standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the parent company financial statements, as applied in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  and,  as  regards  the  Group  financial  statements, 
international financial reporting standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the 
European Union.  

In our opinion, the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies 
Act 2006 and: 

• 

• 

give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 
2020 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended; and 
have been properly prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the Group financial statements, international 
financial  reporting  standards  adopted  pursuant  to  Regulation  (EC)  No  1606/2002  as  it  applies  in  the 
European Union. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of 
the  financial  statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are  independent  of  the  Group  and  the  parent  company  in 
accordance  with  the  ethical  requirements  that  are  relevant  to  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements  in  the  UK, 
including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, as applied to public interest entities and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these  requirements.  We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern  

In  auditing  the  financial  statements,  we  have  concluded  that  the  directors’  use  of  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.  

In addition to those matters set out in the “Key audit matters” section  below, we  identified going concern of the 
Group and of the parent company as a key audit matter. As detailed in the financial statements and the Strategic 
Report,  the  Group  and  Parent  Company  are  pre-revenue  and  its  business  model  requires  significant  ongoing 
expenditure on research and development. For the year ended 31 December 2020, the Group incurred losses after 
taxation of £20,348,000.  Although the net assets of the Group at 31 December 2020 are £35,419,000, with a cash 
position of £48,217,000, the forecast prepared by management indicate that further funds will be required by the 
end of 2022, in order to support the ongoing researches. 

Our  audit  procedures  to  evaluate  the  directors’  assessment  of  the  Group’s  and  the  parent  company's  ability  to 
continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included but were not limited to: 

•  Undertaking an initial assessment at the planning stage of the audit to identify events or conditions that may 

cast significant doubt on the Group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern; 
•  Obtaining an understanding of the relevant controls relating to the directors’ going concern assessment;  
•  Making  enquiries  of  the  directors  to  understand  the  period  of  assessment  considered  by  them,  the 
assumptions  they  considered  and  the  implication  of  those  when  assessing  the  Group’s  future  financial 
performance; 

33 

                                                                                          TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 

•  Challenging the appropriateness of the directors’ key assumptions in their cash flow forecasts, as described 
in  Note  2,  by  reviewing  supporting  and  contradictory  evidence  in  relation  to  these  key  assumptions  and 
assessing the directors’ consideration of severe but plausible scenarios;   

•  Testing the accuracy and functionality of the model used to prepare the directors’ forecasts;  
•  Engaging  in  regular  discussions  with  the  directors  regarding  the  status  of  negotiations  in  respect  of  new 

financing options;  

•  Assessing and evaluating key assumptions and mitigating actions put in place in response to COVID-19; and 
•  Evaluating the appropriateness of the directors’ disclosures in the financial statements on going concern  

Based  on  the  work  we  have  performed,  we  have  not  identified  any  material  uncertainties  relating  to  events  or 
conditions  that,  individually  or  collectively,  may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  Group’s  and  the  parent  company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are 
authorised for issue. 

Our  responsibilities  and  the  responsibilities  of  the  directors  with  respect  to  going  concern  are  described  in  the 
relevant sections of this report. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of 
the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement  (whether  or  not  due  to  fraud)  we  identified,  including  those  which  had  the  greatest  effect  on:  the 
overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. 
These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our 
opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

We summarise below the key audit matters in forming our audit opinion above, together with an overview of the 
principal audit procedures performed to address each matter and key observations arising from those procedures. 
The matters set out below are in addition to going concern which, as set out in the “Conclusions relating to going 
concern” section above, was also identified as a key audit matter. 

These matters, together with our findings, were communicated to those charged with governance through our Audit 
Completion Report. 

Key Audit Matter 
Valuation  and  accounting  of  options,  warrants, 
and convertible loan notes 

How our scope addressed this matter 
Our  audit  procedures  over  options,  warrants,  and 
convertible loan notes included but were not restricted 
to: 

to 

remunerate 

share-based  payments 
The  Group  operates 
arrangements 
and 
employees in the form of share options. Additionally 
warrants were granted as part of incentives attached 
to the convertible loans notes issued in 2019. These 
warrants are exercisable over a five year period. 

directors 

With  regards  to  the  convertible  loan  notes,  IAS  32 
to  be 
liability  and  equity  components 
requires 
presented  separately  in  the  Statement  of  Financial 
Position.  As  a  result,  particular  attention  is  required 
when  reviewing  the  contractual  obligations  of  the 
notes in order to conclude as to their accounting as 
debt or equity classified. 

The nature of certain of the Group’s options, warrants 
and convertible loan notes are complex requiring both 
judgement and probability analysis to determine their 
valuation and accounting. 

•  Obtaining management’s valuation of 
options and warrants, evaluating the 
appropriateness of management’s  model 
and reviewing for completeness and 
accuracy of information used; 

•  Obtaining and reviewing the option and 
warrant agreements for all current year 
issuances and determined whether or not 
they were to be accounted for under IFRS 2 
Share-Base Payments;  

•  Examining the contractual obligations of the 

convertible loan note to ensure that 
management’s accounting for the 
aforementioned notes under IAS 32 
Financial Instruments as debt classified 
was appropriate; 

•  Reviewing the calculation for convertible 

debt instruments and ensured the loan note 
principal and accrued interest are recorded 
appropriately on the financial statements; 
and 

34 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 

•  Reviewing the disclosure in the financial 

statements to ensure disclosure is sufficient 
and appropriate. 

In performing the work above where appropriate we 
used internal valuation and technical experts. 

Our observations 
The audit team have not identified any material issue 
to be reported. 

Our application of materiality and an overview of the scope of our audit 

The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds for 
materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the 
nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual financial statement line items and disclosures 
and in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually and on the financial statements as a whole. Based 
on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole as follows: 

 Overall materiality 

How we determined it 

Rationale for benchmark applied 

Performance materiality 

Reporting threshold 

Group: £698,000 
Parent: £335,000 

Materiality  is  based  on  6.0%  of  the  Group’s  and  the  Parent 
Company’s losses for the year, before the impact of a realisation 
bonus payable to one of the directors as this is an unusual one-
off expense.  
We believe that the benchmark of losses is most appropriate for 
both Group & Parent Company as the users of the accounts are 
likely  to  be  most  concerned  with  the  annual  and  accumulated 
losses of the Group and Parent Company and the Group’s and 
Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Losses 
are also representative of the Group’s investment into research 
and  development  to  deliver  its  objectives.  Having  considered 
factors  such  as  the  Group’s  LSE  and  NASDAQ  listings,  we 
determined materiality at 6.0% of Group and Parent Company’s 
losses for the year to be appropriate. 
Performance materiality is set to reduce to an appropriately low 
level  the  probability  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and 
undetected  misstatements  in  the  financial  statements  exceeds 
materiality for the financial statements as a whole. 

Performance  materiality  was  set  at  £454,000  (£218,000  for  the 
parent company), being 65% of overall materiality. 

We  agreed  with  the  directors  that  we  would  report  to  them 
identified  during  our  audit  above  £20,000 
misstatements 
(£10,000  for  the  parent  company)  as  well  as  misstatements 
below  that  amount  that,  in  our  view,  warranted  reporting  for 
qualitative reasons. 

As part of designing our audit, we assessed the risk of material misstatement in the financial statements, whether 
due to fraud or error, and then designed and performed audit procedures responsive to those risks. In particular, 
we  looked  at  where  the  directors  made  subjective  judgements  such  as  making  assumptions  on  significant 
accounting estimates. 

35 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 

We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed sufficient work to be able to give an opinion on the 
financial statements as a whole. We used the outputs of a risk assessment, our understanding of the Group and 
the  parent  company,  its  environment,  controls  and  critical  business  processes,  to  consider  qualitative  factors  in 
order to ensure that we obtained sufficient coverage across all financial statement line items. 

Our Group audit scope included an audit of the Group and parent financial statements of Tiziana Life Sciences plc. 
Based on our risk assessment, only the parent company within the Group was subject to full scope audit which was 
performed by the Group audit team. For the Group’s subsidiaries review procedures were performed by the Group 
audit team as deemed necessary based on Group materiality. 

At the parent level we also tested the consolidation process and carried out analytical procedures to confirm our 
conclusion that there were no significant risks of material misstatement of the aggregated financial information. 

Other information 

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements 
and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the financial 
statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, 
we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our 
knowledge  obtained  in  the  course  of  audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such 
material  inconsistencies  or  apparent  material  misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  there  is  a 
material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on 
the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are 
required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be audited has been properly prepared in accordance 
with the Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

• 

the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements and those reports have been 
prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements; 
the  information  about  internal  control  and  risk  management  systems  in  relation  to  financial  reporting 
processes  and  about  share  capital  structures,  given  in  compliance  with  rules  7.2.5  and  7.2.6  in  the 
Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules sourcebook made by the Financial Conduct Authority (the 
FCA  Rules),  is  consistent  with  the  financial  statements  and  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
applicable legal requirements; and 
information  about  the  parent  company’s  corporate  governance  code  and  practices  and  about  its 
administrative, management and supervisory bodies and their committees complies with rules 7.2.2, 7.2.3 
and 7.2.7 of the FCA rules. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the parent company and its environment obtained in 
the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in; 

• 
• 

the Strategic Report or the Directors’ Report; or  
the  information  about  internal  control  and  risk  management  systems  in  relation  to  financial  reporting 
processes and about share capital structures, given in compliance with rules 7.2.5 and 7.2.6 of the FCA 
Rules 

36 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires 
us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit 
have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be audited 
are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit; or 
• 
a corporate governance statement has not been prepared by the parent company 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on pages 18 and 19, the directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, 
and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  financial  statements,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the  Group’s  and  the  parent 
company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and 
using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent 
company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error,  and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance 
with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or 
error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in 
line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including 
fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below. 

Based on our understanding of the Group and the parent company and its industry, we identified that the principal 
risks  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  related  to  the  UK  tax  legislation,  employment  regulation  and 
health  and  safety  regulation,  anti-bribery,  corruption  and  fraud,  money  laundering,  Listing  rules,  Disclosure 
Guidance and Transparency Rules, and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material 
effect on the financial statements. 

In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect to irregularities including non-compliance with 
laws and regulations, our procedures included but were not limited to:  

•  At the planning stage of our audit, gaining an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework applicable 
to the Group and parent company, the structure of the Group, the industry in which they operate and considered 
the  risk  of  acts  by  the  Group  and  the  parent  company  which  were  contrary  to  the  applicable  laws  and 
regulations;  

•  Discussing with the directors and management the policies and procedures in place regarding compliance with 

laws and regulations;  

•  Discussing  amongst  the  engagement  team  the  identified  laws  and  regulations,  and  remaining  alert  to  any 

indications of non-compliance; and 

•  During  the  audit,  focusing  on  areas  of  laws  and  regulations  that  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  have  a 
material effect on the financial statements from our general commercial and sector experience and through 
discussions  with  the  directors  (as  required  by  auditing  standards),  from  inspection  of  the  company’s  and 
Group’s regulatory and legal correspondence and review of minutes of directors’ meetings in the year. We also 

37 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC 

considered  those  other  laws  and  regulations  that  have  a  direct  impact  on  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements, such as the Companies Act 2006 and UK tax legislation.  

Our procedures in relation to fraud included but were not limited to: 

•  Making enquiries of the directors and management on whether they had knowledge of any actual, suspected 

or alleged fraud; 

•  Gaining an understanding of the internal controls established to mitigate risks related to fraud; 
•  Discussing amongst the engagement team the risks of fraud such as opportunities for fraudulent manipulation 
of financial statements, and determined that the principal risks were related to posting manual journal entries 
to  manipulate  financial  performance,  management  bias  through  judgements  and  assumptions  in  significant 
accounting estimates; and 

•  Addressing the risks of fraud through management override of controls by performing journal entry testing. 

The  primary  responsibility  for  the  prevention  and  detection  of  irregularities  including  fraud  rests  with  both  those 
charged  with  governance  and  management.  As  with  any  audit,  there  remained  a  risk  of  non-detection  of 
irregularities, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or the override of 
internal controls. 

As a result of our procedures, we did not identify any key audit matters relating to irregularities. The risks of material 
misstatement that had the greatest effect on our audit, including fraud, are discussed under “Key audit matters” 
within this report.  

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  is  available  on  the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. 

Other matters which we are required to address 

Following the recommendation of the audit committee, we were appointed by the directors on 22 June 2020 to audit 
the financial statements for the year ending 31 December 2020 and subsequent financial periods. The period of 
total uninterrupted engagement is 5 years, covering the year ending 31 December 2020. 

The  non-audit  services  prohibited  by  the  FRC’s  Ethical  Standard  were  not  provided  to  the  Group  or  the  parent 
company and we remain independent of the Group and the parent company in conducting our audit. 

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee. 

Use of the audit report 

This report is made solely to the parent company’s members as a body in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the  Companies  Act  2006.  Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the  parent  company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the 
fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the parent company 
and the parent company’s members as a body for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Robert Neate 

Robert Neate (Senior Statutory Auditor) for and on behalf of Mazars LLP 

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor  

Tower Bridge House 

St Katharine’s Way 

London 

E1W 1DD 

17 May 2021  

38 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Continuing Operations 

Note 

Research and development costs 
Operating expenses 
Realisation bonus 
Impairment of asset 
Gain on disposal of Intellectual Property 

Operating loss 

Finance costs 

Loss before taxation 

Taxation 

5 
17 
4 

5 

10 

11 

2020 
£’000 

(4,667) 
(8,724) 
(10,290) 
(217) 
2,074 

(21,824) 

(243) 

(22,067) 

1,719 

2019 
£’000 

(2,910) 
(4,864) 
- 
- 
- 

(7,774) 

(72) 

(7,846) 

540 

Loss for the year attributable to equity owners  

(20,348) 

(7,306) 

Other comprehensive income that may be classified to 
profit and loss in subsequent periods 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 

Total comprehensive loss for the year attributable to 
equity owners 

186 

129 

(20,162) 

(7,177) 

Loss per share 
Basic and diluted (loss) per share on continuing operations 

12 

(12.0p) 

(5.4p) 

39 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Note 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

ASSETS 
Non-Current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Finance lease receivable 
Intangible asset 
Right of use asset 
Other non-current assets 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 

Finance lease receivable 
Related party receivable 
Other receivables 
Taxation receivable 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity  
Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders 
of the company  
Called up share capital 
Share premium 
Capital reduction reserve 
Shares to be issued reserve (convertible notes) 
Share based payment reserve (options) 
Share based payment reserve (warrants) 
Shares to be issued 
Other reserve 
Translation reserve 
Retained earnings 

Total equity 

Liabilities 
Non-Current liabilities 
Lease Liability 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Lease liability 

Related party payable 

Other liabilities 

Total current and non-current liabilities 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

13 
16 
14 
28 
17 

16 
27 
15 
11 

19 

22 
21 
19,22 
19,22 
5,22 
22 

22 

27 

26 

28 

27 

1 
- 
97 
262 
- 
360 

111 
270 
576 
2,232 
48,217 
51,406 

51,766 

5,838 
81,227 
31,958 
- 
6,319 
475 
10,290 
(28,286) 
201 
(62,313) 

45,709 

5 
113 
- 
329 
217 
664 

109 
245 
124 
513 
153 
1,144 

1,808 

4,099 
25,194 
31,183 
1,099 
3,850 
1,812 
- 
(28,286) 
15 
(43,146) 

(4,180) 

212 

411 

4,095 

195 

1,493 

62 

6,057 

51,766 

4,851 

212 

451 

63 

5,988 

1,808 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of directors and authorised for issue on May 17 2021. 

Willy Simon 

Mr W Simon 
Director 

Company Number: 03508592 (England and Wales) 

40 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Notes 

16 

26 
15 

18 
23 
22 

20,23 
20,23 
5,22 
23 
23 

26 
27 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Intangible asset 
Other non- current assets 

Current assets 

Related party receivable 
Other receivables 
Taxation receivable 
Intercompany receivable 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity Capital and reserves attributable 
to equity holders of the company 
Called up share capital 
Share premium 
Shares  to  be  issued  reserve  (convertible 
notes) 
Share based payment reserve (options) 
Share based payment reserve (warrants) 
Shares to be issued 
Capital reduction  reserve 
Retained earnings 

Total equity 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Related party payable 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

2020 
£’000 

97 
- 

244 
434 
1,674 
39,945 
5,944 

48,338 

5,838 
81,227 
- 

6,384 
537 
10,290 
31,958 
(91,624) 

2019 
£’000 

- 
217 

243 
9 
53 
- 
116 

638 

4,099 
25,194 
1,099 

3,915 
1,875 
- 
31,183 
(69,070) 

44,610 

(1,705) 

2,235 
1,494 

3,728 

48,338 

2,091 
252 

2,343 

638 

The Company reported a loss for the financial year ended 31 December 2020 of £23,735k (2019: £26,683k). 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of directors and authorised for issue on May 17 2021. 

Willy Simon 

Mr W Simon 
Director 

Company Number: 03508592 (England and Wales) 

41 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the year before taxation 
Adjustments for: 
Convertible loan interest accrued 
Shares issued in lieu of fees 
Share based payment – options 
Share based payment – warrants 
Options forfeited/cancelled in the year 
Bonus to be settled in equity 
Net (increase) in related party receivables 
Net increase in related party payables 
Net decrease/(increase) in other receivables 
Net (decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation of right-of-use asset 
(Gain)/Loss on foreign exchange 
Loss on disposal of right of use asset 
Impairment of SharDNA Spa  
Gain from disposal of intellectual property 

CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
Cash inflow from taxation 

NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Acquisition of intangible asset 

NET CASH GENERATED FROM INVESTING 
ACTIVITIES 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 
Fundraising costs 
Proceeds from issuance of convertible loan notes 
Proceeds from exercise of warrants 
Proceeds from conversion of options 
Repayment of leasing liabilities 

NET CASH GENERATED FROM FINANCING 
ACTIVITIES 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

(22,067) 

(7,846) 

216 
360 
3,740 
20 
(26) 
10,290 
(24) 
892 
(340) 
(757) 
4 
67 
185 
- 
217 
(2,074) 

(9,297) 
- 

(9,297) 

(2) 
(97) 

(99) 

57,283 
(3,136) 
120 
2,682 
727 
(216) 

57,460 

39 
82 
992 
- 
- 
- 
(225) 
342 
125 
(17) 
4 
194 
129 
56 
- 
- 

(6,125) 
800 

(5,325) 

(3) 
- 

(3) 

- 
- 
1,473 
- 
- 
(157) 

1,316 

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH 
EQUIVALENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR 

48,064 

(4,012) 

153 

48,217 

4,165 

153 

42 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the year before taxation 
Adjustments for: 
Convertible loan interest accrued 
Shares issued in lieu of fees 
Share based payment - options 
Share based payment - warrants 
Options forfeited/cancelled in the year 
Bonus to be settled in equity 
Net (increase) in related party receivables 
Net increase in related party payables 
Net decrease/(increase) in operating assets/other receivables 
Net increase in trade and other payables 
Impairment of investment 
Impairment of SharDNA Spa 
Gain from disposal of intellectual property 

CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
Cash inflow from taxation 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

(25,356) 

(26,683) 

216 
360 
3,739 
20 
(26) 
10,290 
(1) 

(424) 
1,233 
- 
216 

(2,074) 

(11,806) 
- 

39 
82 
992 
- 
- 
- 
(243) 
- 
24 
234 
21,966 
- 
- 

(3,589) 
300 

NET CASH GENERATED (USED IN)/ GENERATED FROM 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

(11,806) 

(3,289) 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of intangible asset 
Capital contribution to subsidiaries 

NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 
Fundraising costs 
Proceeds from exercise of warrants 
Proceeds from issuance of convertible loan notes 
Proceeds from conversion of options 

NET CASH GENERATED FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH 
EQUIVALENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR 

(97) 
- 

(97) 

17,338 
(3,136) 
2,682 
120 
727 

17,731 

5,828 

116 

5,944 

- 
(1,661) 

(1,661) 

- 
- 
- 
1,473 
- 

1,473 

(3,477) 

3,593 

116 

43 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Convertible 
Loan Note 
Reserve 

Other 
Reserve 

Shares to be 
issued 
Reserve  

Translation 
Reserve 

Retained 
Earnings 

Total 
Equity 

£’000 

£’000 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Share 
Capital 

Share 
Premium 

Capital 
Reduction 
Reserve 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Share 
Based 
Payment 
Reserve 
(options) 
£’000 

Share 
Based 
Payment 
Reserve 
(warrants) 
£’000 

Balance at 1 January 2019 

4,094 

25,117 

31,183 

2,857 

1,399 

Issue of share capital (private placement and 
IPO) 
Warrants issued with CLN 
Share based payment (options) 
Convertible loan notes issued 
Convertible loan note interest 
Total 
Comprehensive income 
Exchange differences on translating foreign 
operations 
Comprehensive loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 

5 

- 
- 
- 
- 
5 

- 

77 

- 
- 
- 
- 
77 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
993 
- 
- 
993 

- 

413 
- 
- 
- 
413 

£’000 

- 

- 

(413) 
- 
1,472 
39 
1,099 

£’000 
(28,286) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balance as at 31 December 2019 

4,099 

25,194 

31,183 

3,850 

1,812 

1,099 

(28,286) 

Issue of share capital (Fundraise & ATM) 
Issue of share capital (Warrants) 
Issue of share capital (in lieu of fees) 
Issue of share capital (exercise of options) 
Issue of share capital (Loan conversion) 
Cost of fundraise 
Convertible loan notes issued 
Convertible loan note interest 
Share based payments charge (warrants) 

Share based payment charge (options) 

Options forfeited/cancelled in the year 
Exercise of options 
Exercise of warrants 

Shares issued in lieu of cash for 
realisation bonus 
Reduction in share capital 
Capital distribution 
Total  

Comprehensive loss (Items that will be 
reclassified to the Statement of Income in 
future periods) 
Exchange differences on translating foreign 
operations 

1,319 
191 
9 
88 
132 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

56,964 
2,491 
351 
640 
1,716 
(3,136) 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
64 
943 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

3,740 

(26) 
(1,245) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
259 

- 

- 
- 
(1,596) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
(1,848) 
- 
120 
216 
(240) 

- 

- 
- 
653 

- 

- 
- 
1,739 

(4,000) 

56,033 

4,000 
(3,225) 
775 

- 
- 
2,469 

- 
- 
(1,337) 

- 
- 
(1,099) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

44 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

10,290 

- 
- 
10,290 

(113) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

128 

128 

£’000 
(35,840) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

(7,306) 
(7,306) 

15 

(43,146) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
1,181 
- 

- 

- 
- 
1,181 

£’000 

411 

82 

- 
992 
1,473 
39 
2,586 

129 

(7,306) 
(7,177) 

(4,180) 

58,283 
2,682 
360 
728 
- 
(3,136) 
120 
216 
19 

3,740 

(26) 
- 
- 

10,290 

- 
(3,225) 
70,051 

- 

186 

- 

186 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Net loss for the year 
Total Comprehensive loss for the year 
Balance as at 31 December 2020 

- 
- 
5,838 

- 
- 
81,227 

- 
- 
31,958 

- 

6,319 

- 
- 
475 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
(28,286) 

- 
- 
10,290 

- 
186 
201 

(20,348) 
(20,348) 
(62,313) 

(20,348) 
(20,162) 
45,709 

45 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Share 
Capital 

Share 
Premium 

Capital 
Reduction 
Reserve 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Share 
Based 
Payment 
Reserve 
(options) 
£’000 

Share Based 
Payment 
Reserve 
(warrants) 

Convertible 
Loan Note 
Reserve 

Shares to be 
issued 
Reserve  

Retained 
Earnings 

Total Equity 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

4,094 

25,117 

31,183 

2,922 

1,462 

(42,387) 

Balance at 1 January 2019 
Transactions with owners 
Issue of share capital 
Share based payment (options) 
Convertible loan notes issued 
Convertible loan note interest 
Warrants issued with CLN 
Total transactions with owners 

Comprehensive income 
Comprehensive loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 

Balance as at 31 December 2019 

Transactions with owners 
Issue of share capital (Fundraise & ATM) 
Issue of share capital (In lieu of fees) 
Cost of fundraise 
Issue of share capital (Warrants) 
Issue of share capital (Loan conversion) 
Issue of share capital (Options) 
Convertible loan notes issued 
Convertible loan note interest 
Share based payments charge (warrants) 
Share based payment charge (options) 
Options forfeited/cancelled in the year 
Exercise of options 
Exercise of warrants 
Shares issued in lieu of cash for realisation 
bonus 
Reduction in share capital 
Capital Distribution 
Total transactions with owners 

- 

Comprehensive loss 
Net loss for the year 
Total comprehensive loss 

5 
- 
- 
- 
- 
5 

77 
- 
- 
- 
- 
77 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
993 
- 
- 
- 
993 

- 

- 
- 
413 
413 

- 
4,099 

- 
25,194 

- 
31,183 

- 
3,915 

- 
1,874 

1,319 
9 
- 
191 
132 
88 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
1,739 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
3,740 
(26) 
(1,245) 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
259 
- 
- 
- 
(1,596) 
- 

56,964 
351 
(3,136) 
2,491 
1,716 
640 
- 
- 

- 
- 
1,245 
943 
- 

(4,000) 

57,214 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

4,000 
(3,225) 
775 

2,469 

(1,337) 

(1,099) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

537 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
1,473 
39 
(413) 
1,099 

- 
1,099 

- 
- 
- 
- 
(1,848) 
- 
120 
216 
(240) 
- 
- 
- 
653 
- 

22,391 
- 
82 
993 
1,473 
39 
- 
2,587 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

(26,683) 
(69,070) 

(26,683) 
(1,706) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

58,283 
360 
(3,136) 
2,682 
- 
728 
120 
216 
19 
3,740 
(26) 
- 
- 
10,290 

(3,225) 
70,051 

(23,735) 
(23,735) 

(23,735) 
(23,735) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
10,290 

- 

- 
- 

Balance as at 31 December 2020 

5,838 

82,408 

31,958 

6,384 

46 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

10,290 

(92,805) 

44,610 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

1.  GENERAL INFORMATION 

Tiziana Life Sciences PLC is a public limited company incorporated in the United Kingdom under the Companies 
Act and quoted on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange (AIM: TILS) and on the NASDAQ Capital Market 
(NDAQ: TLSA).  The Company delisted from AIM on 21st January 2021 and is now trading on the main market of 
the  London  Stock  Exchange  (LSE:  TILS).  The  address  of  its  registered  office  is  given  on  page  1.  The  principal 
activities  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  (the  Group)  are  that  of  a  clinical  stage  biotechnology  company 
focussed on targeted drugs to treat diseases in oncology and immunology. 

These financial statements are presented in thousands of pounds sterling (£’000) which is the functional currency 
of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates.  

2.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out 
below. These policies have been applied consistently to all the years presented unless otherwise stated. 

Basis of preparation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  and  Company  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. These accounts 
have been prepared under the historical cost convention. 

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, a separate profit and loss account for the Company has 
not been presented in these financial statements. 

Going Concern 

The Group and Company incurred losses during the year and has net assets at the year end. 

As discussed in the Strategic Report, the  Group and Company is in the early stages of developing its business 
focusing  on  the  discovery  and  development  of  novel  molecules  that  treat  human  disease  in  oncology  and 
immunology. The Directors expect the Group and Company to incur further losses and to require significant capital 
expenditure  in  continuing  to  develop  clinical  stage  development  therapeutic  candidates  in  both  oncology  and 
immunology.  The  Group  and  Company  has  successfully  funded  clinical  trials  to  date  and  will  seek  to  secure 
additional investment for purposes of continuing to fund their clinical trials moving forward.  

The Directors have prepared cash flow projections that include the costs associated with the continued clinical trials 
and additional investment to fund that operation.  On the basis of those projections, the directors conclude that the 
company will be able to meet its liabilities as they fall due a period beyond the next 12 months from the date when 
these financial statements are issued and accordingly the Directors have prepared  the financial statements on a 
going concern basis. 

The directors do not believe that Brexit will have an impact on the Group’s ability to raise funds as it has access to 
the US market due to its listing on the Nasdaq. 

New and Revised Standards 

Standards in effect in 2020 

An amendment to IFRS 3 ‘Definition of a business’ has come into effect from January 1, 2020. The Company has 
applied the new definition to any relevant transactions. 

IFRS in issue but not applied in the current financial statements 

The directors do not expect that the adoption of new IFRS Standards, Interpretations and Amendments that have 
been issued but are not yet effective will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Group in future 
periods. 

Several IFRS and IFRIC interpretations are also currently in issue which are not relevant for the Group’s activities 
and which have not therefore been adopted in preparing these financial statements. 

47 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Basis of consolidation 

Subsidiary undertakings are all entities over which the Group has the power to govern the financial and operating 
policies of the subsidiary and therefore exercises control. The existence and effect of both current voting rights and 
potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether control 
of an entity is exercised. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date at which the Group obtains control and are 
de-consolidated from the date at which control ceases. 

Business combination 

The consolidated position of the Group is as a result of the reverse acquisition of Alexander David Investments plc 
by Tiziana Pharma Ltd and the subsequent listing of the Company as Tiziana Life Sciences Plc on 24 April 2014 
on the London Stock Exchange. 

Inter-company  transactions,  balances  and  unrealised  gains  on  transactions  between  group  companies  are 
eliminated upon consolidation. Unrealised losses are also eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been 
changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. 

Segment reporting 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Board.  The 
Board allocates resources to and assess the performance of the segments. The Board considers there to be only 
one operating segment being the research and development of biotechnological and pharmaceutical products.  

Taxation 

The tax expense for the year represents the total of current taxation and deferred taxation. The charge in respect 
of current taxation is based on the estimated taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit for the year is based on the 
profit as shown in the income statement, as adjusted for items of income or expenditure which are not deductible 
or chargeable for tax purposes. The current tax liability for the year is calculated using tax rates which have either 
been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases 
of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Deferred  tax  is 
determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date 
and  expected  to  apply  when  the  related  deferred  tax  is  realized,  or  the  deferred  liability  is  settled.  Deferred  tax 
assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that the future taxable profit will be available against which 
the temporary differences can be utilized. 

Research and Development tax credits are provided for in the year that the costs are incurred. These are estimated 
based on eligible research and development expenditure. Any difference rebated are recognized in the following 
year, when the cash is received from the UK tax authorities. 

Foreign currency translation 

Foreign currency transactions are translated using the rate of exchange applicable at the date of the transaction. 
Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the re-translation 
at the year end of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income 
statement. 

On consolidation, the assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated into Pound Sterling at the rate of 
exchange prevailing at the reporting date and their statements of comprehensive income are translated at exchange 
rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. The exchange differences arising on translation for consolidation 
are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income.  On  disposal  of  a  foreign  subsidiary,  the  component  of  other 
comprehensive income relating to that particular foreign subsidiary is recognised in profit or loss. 

License fees 

Payments related to the acquisition of rights to a product or technology are capitalised as intangible assets if it is 
probable that future economic benefits from the asset will flow to the entity and the cost of the asset can be reliably 
measured.  

Payments  made  which  provide  the  right  to  perform  research  are  carefully  evaluated  to  determine  whether  such 
payments are to fund research or acquire an asset. Licence fees expenses are recognised as incurred.  

48 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Research and development 

All on-going research and development expenditure is currently expensed in the period in which it is incurred. Due 
to the regulatory environment inherent in the development of the Group’s products, the criteria for development 
costs to be recognised as an asset, as set out in IAS 38 ‘Intangible Assets’, are not met until a product has been 
granted  regulatory  approval  and  it  is  probable  that  future  economic  benefit  will  flow  to  the  Group.  The  Group 
currently has no qualifying expenditure. 

Financial instruments 

The Group classifies a financial instrument, or its component parts, as a financial liability, a financial asset or an 
equity instrument in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement and the definitions of a 
financial liability, a financial asset and an equity instrument. 

The Group evaluates the terms of the financial instrument to determine whether it contains an asset, a liability or 
an equity component. Such components shall be classified separately as financial assets, financial liabilities or 
equity instruments. 

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or 
equity instrument of another entity. 

(a)  Financial assets, initial recognition and measurement and subsequent measurement 

All financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, such as receivables and deposits, are 
recognized initially at fair value plus transaction costs. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss 
(FVTPL)  are initially recognized at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the income statement. 
The measurement of financial assets depends on their classification. Financial assets such as receivables and 
deposits are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less loss allowance. 
The Group does not hold any financial assets at fair value through profit or loss or fair value through other 
comprehensive income. 

(b)  Financial liabilities, initial recognition and measurement and subsequent measurement 

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost or FVTPL. 

A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is a derivative. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair 
value  and  net  gains  and  losses,  including  any  interest  expense,  are  recognized  in  profit  or  loss.  Other  financial 
liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and 
foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on 
derecognition is also recognized in profit or loss. 

The Group's financial liabilities include trade and other payables. 

The Company has an intercompany receivable balance with its subsidiaries which is impaired in full on an annual 
basis as there is no expectation of recoverability. As at the year end, there was an intercompany receivable balance 
of £39.9m which was not impaired as it related to the cash proceeds from the August 2020 fundraise which were 
received by the US entity. These funds have been transferred to the Company post the year end balance sheet 
date. 

Warrants 

Warrants are issued by the Group in return for services and as part of a financing transaction.  

Warrants issued in return for services. 
Warrants issued in return for services fall within scope of IFRS 2. The financial liability component is measured at 
fair value and charged to the Consolidated Statement of Income.  There is no remeasurement of fair value.  

Warrants issued as part of a financing transaction. 
Warrants issued as part of a financing transaction fall outside the scope of IFRS 2. These are classified as equity 
instruments because a fixed amount of cash is exchanged for a fixed amount of equity. The fair value is recognised 
within equity and is not remeasured. 

Investments  

Investments are held as non-current assets and comprise investments in subsidiary undertakings and are stated at 
cost less provision for any impairment. 

49 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Share capital 

Ordinary shares of the Company are classified as equity.  

Property, plant and equipment 

(i) 

Recognition and measurement 

Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated 
impairment  losses.  Costs  include  expenditures  that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  of  the  asset. 
Purchased  software  that  is  integral  to  the  functionality  of  the  related  equipment  is  capitalised  as  part  of  that 
equipment.  

When  parts  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  have  different  useful  lives,  they  are  accounted  for  as 
separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. 

Gains  and  losses  on  disposal  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  determined  by  comparing  the 
proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment, and are recognised in profit or 
loss.  

(ii) 

 Depreciation 

Depreciation is calculated on the depreciable amount, which is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for 
cost, less its residual value. 

Depreciation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of each part of an 
item of property, plant and equipment. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their 
useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. 

The estimated useful lives for the current period and the comparative period are as follows. 

Fixtures and fittings 

IT and equipment  

5 years 

3 years 

Right of use assets                          Economic life of contractual relationship 

Depreciation  methods,  useful  lives  and  residual  values  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date.  Depreciation  is 
allocated to the operating expenses line of the income statement. 

Impairment 

Impairment of financial assets measured at amortised cost 
At  each  reporting  date  the  Group  recognises  a  loss  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  on  financial  assets 
measured at amortised cost. 

In establishing the appropriate amount of loss allowance to be recognised, the Group applies either the general 
approach or the simplified approach, depending on the nature of the underlying group of financial assets. 

General approach 
The general approach is applied to the impairment assessment of refundable lease deposits and other refundable 
lease contributions, restricted cash and cash and cash equivalents.  

Under the general approach the Group recognises a loss allowance for a financial asset at an amount equal to the 
12-month expected credit losses, unless the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial 
recognition, in which case a loss allowance is recognised at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses. 

Simplified approach 
The simplified approach is applied to the impairment assessment of trade receivables. 

Under the simplified approach the Group always recognises a loss allowance for a financial asset at an amount 
equal to the lifetime expected credit losses. 

The Company assesses for impairment in its investment in its subsidiaries on an annual basis. 

Impairment of non-financial assets 

50 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Non-financial  assets  are  tested  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the 
carrying amount may not be recoverable. 

Non-financial  assets  are  impaired  when  its  carrying  amount  exceed  its  recoverable  amount.  The  recoverable 
amount is measured as the higher of fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. The value in use is calculated 
as  being  net  projected  cash  flows  based  on  financial  forecasts  discounted  back  to  present  value  at  a  pre-tax 
discount rate. 

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated 
impairment losses. 

Leases 

All leases are accounted for by recognising a right-of-use asset and a lease liability except for: 

• 
• 

Leases of low value assets; and 
Leases with a duration of 12 months or less. 

The Group has leases for its offices. Each lease is reflected on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a 
lease  liability.  The  Group  does  not  have  any  short-term  leases  or  leases  of  low  value  assets.  Variable  lease 
payments which do not depend on an index or a rate (such as lease payments based on a percentage of Group 
sales) are excluded from the initial measurement of the lease liability and asset. The Group classifies its right-of-
use assets in a consistent manner to its property, plant and equipment (see Note 12). 

For leases over office buildings and factory premises the Group must keep those properties in a good state of 
repair and return the properties in their original condition at the end of the lease. 

Measurement and recognition of leases as a lessee 
At lease commencement date, the Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability in its consolidated 
statement  of  financial  position.  The  right-of-use  asset  is  measured  at  cost,  which  is  made  up  of  the  initial 
measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred by the Group, an estimate of any costs to 
dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the lease, and any lease payments made in advance of the lease 
commencement date (net of any incentives received). 

The Group depreciates the right-of-use asset on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date to 
the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The Group also 
assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist. 

At the commencement date, the Group measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments 
unpaid at that date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate because as the lease contracts 
are negotiated with third parties it is not possible to determine the interest rate that is implicit in the lease. The 
incremental borrowing rate is the estimated rate that the Group would have to pay to borrow the same amount 
over a similar term, and with similar security to obtain an asset of equivalent value. This rate is adjusted should 
the lessee entity have a different risk profile to that of the Group. 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments (including 
in substance fixed), variable payments based on an index or rate, amounts expected to be payable under a 
residual value guarantee and payments arising from options reasonably certain to be exercised. 

Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced by lease payments that are allocated between 
repayments of principal and finance costs. The finance cost is the amount that produces a constant periodic 
rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability. 

The Group as a lessor 
As a lessor the Group classifies its leases as either operating or finance leases. A lease is classified as a finance 
lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset and 
classified as an operating lease if it does not. 

During the course of 2020, the Group sublet one of its office spaces. This has been recognised as a writeback of 
the associated right of use asset and the recognition of a finance lease receivable for the value of the sublease 
(see note 16). 

51 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Fair Value Measurement 

Management have assessed the categorisation of the fair value measurements using the IFRS 13 fair value 
hierarchy.  Categorisation within the hierarchy has been determined on the basis of the lowest level of input that is 
significant to the fair value measurement of the relevant asset as follows; 
Level 1 - valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets 
Level 2 - valued by reference to valuation techniques using observable inputs other than quoted prices included 
within Level 1; 
Level 3 - valued by reference to valuation techniques using inputs that are not based on observable market data. 

Share-based payments 

The calculation of the fair value of equity-settled share-based awards and the resulting charge to the statement of 
comprehensive income requires assumptions to be made regarding future events and market conditions. These 
assumptions include the future volatility of the Company's share price. These assumptions are then applied to a 
recognised valuation model in order to calculate the fair value of the awards. 

Where  employees  and  directors  are  rewarded  using  share-based  payments,  the  fair  value  of  the  employees', 
directors' or advisers' services are determined by reference to the fair value of the share options/warrants awarded. 
Their  value  is  appraised  at  the  date  of  grant  and  excludes  the  impact  of  any  nonmarket  vesting  conditions  (for 
example, profitability and sales growth targets). Warrants issued in association with the issue of Convertible Loan 
Notes are also considered as share based payments and a share-based payment charge is calculated for these 
too.  
Where advisers are rewarded using share based payments, the fair value of the  advisers' services are determined 
by reference to the fair value of the share options/warrants awarded, unless it can be measured based on their 
services. Their value is appraised at the date of grant and excludes the impact of any nonmarket vesting conditions 
(for example, profitability and sales growth targets)..  

In  accordance  with  IFRS  2,  a  charge  is  made  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  for  all  share-based 
payments including share options based upon the fair value of the instrument used. A corresponding credit is made 
to  a  share-based  payment  reserve  -  options,  in  the  case  of  options/warrants  awarded  to  employees,  directors, 
advisers and other consultants. 

If vesting periods or other vesting conditions apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the 
best available estimate of the number of share options/warrants expected to vest. Non market vesting conditions 
are included in assumptions about the number of options / warrants that are expected to become exercisable.  

Estimates are subsequently revised, if there is any indication that the number of share options/warrants expected 
to vest differs from previous estimates. No adjustment is made to the expense or share issue cost recognised in 
prior periods if fewer share options ultimately are exercised than originally estimated.  

Upon  exercise  of  share  options/warrants,  the  proceeds  received  are  allocated  to  share  capital  with  any  excess 
being recorded as share premium.  

Where  share  options  are  cancelled,  this  is  treated  as  an  acceleration  of  the  vesting  period  of  the  options.  The 
amount that otherwise would have been recognised for services received over the remainder of the vesting period 
is recognised immediately within the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

 Where share options are forfeited prior to the completion of the vesting or service period to which they relate, the 
forfeiture results in the reversal of the previously recognised share-based payment cost. 

Where  share  options  are  modified,  the  fair  value  of  the  option  immediately  prior  to  modification  and  upon 
modification is calculated. Where the modification increases the fair value of the option, the incremental fair value 
is recognised over the remaining modified vesting period, whereas the balance of the original grant-date fair value 
is recognised over the remaining original vesting period.  The ‘incremental fair value’ is the difference between the 
fair value of the modified share-based payment and that of the original share-based payment, both measured at 
the date of the modification – i.e. the fair values as measured immediately before and after the modification. 

Modifications that decrease the fair value of the option are generally ignored. The original grant-date fair value of 
the equity instruments granted is recognised over the original vesting period. 

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based payment are measured at their fair 
value. 

52 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Other non-current assets  

Other non- current assets are currently measured at cost less accumulated impairment. The asset is not yet being 
amortised since it is not yet in the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by 
management. 

Convertible loan notes 

Where there is no option to repay in cash or the Company has the choice of settlement, and the interest rate is fixed 

The Group considers these to be convertible equity instruments and records the principal of the loan note as an 
equity  in  a  Convertible  loan  note  reserve.  The  accrued  interest  on  the  principal  amount,  for  which  there  is  no 
obligation to settle in cash, is also recorded in the Convertible loan note reserve.  Upon redemption of the instrument 
and the issue of share capital, the amount is reclassified from the convertible loan note reserve to share capital and 
share premium. 

Where the above conditions are not met 

The Group considers these to be convertible debt instruments and records the principal of the loan note as a debt 
liability in the liabilities section of the statement of financial position.  The accrued interest on the principal amount 
is recorded in the income statement and as an increase in the debt liability. Upon redemption of the instrument and 
the issue of share capital, the amount is reclassified from the debt liability to share capital and share premium. 

Under IAS 32 the liability and equity components of convertible loan notes must be presented separately on the 
statement  of  financial  position.  The  Group  has  examined  the  terms  of  each  issue  of  convertible  loan  notes  and 
determined their accounting treatment accordingly.  

3.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

The preparation of financial information in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice, in the case of 
the  Group  being  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union,  requires  the 
directors  to  make  estimates  and  judgements  that  affect  the  reported  amount  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and 
expenditure  and  the  disclosures  made  in  the  financial  statements.  Such  estimates  and  judgements  must  be 
continually evaluated based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events. 

The following are considered to be critical accounting estimates: 

Share-based payments 
The Group accounts for share-based payment transactions for employees in accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based 
Payment, which requires the measurement of the cost of employee services received in exchange for the options 
on our ordinary shares, based on the fair value of the award on the grant date. 

The  Directors  selected  the  Black-Scholes-Merton  option  pricing  model  as  the  most  appropriate  method  for 
determining the estimated fair value of our share-based awards without market conditions. For performance-based 
options that include vesting conditions relating to the market performance of our ordinary shares, a Monte Carlo 
pricing model was used in order to reflect the valuation impact of price hurdles that have to be met as conditions to 
vesting.  

The resulting cost of an equity incentive award is recognised as expense over the requisite service period of the 
award, which is usually the vesting period. Compensation expense is recognised over the vesting period using the 
straight-line method and classified in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. 

The assumptions used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in note 27 to 
our consolidated financial statements.  

The following are considered to be critical accounting judgments: 

Income taxes 
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be 
available against which the losses can be utilised. Significant management judgment is required to determine the 
amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable 
profits together with future tax planning strategies.  

53 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Research and development costs 
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and are typically made up of clinical and 
preclinical activities, drug development and manufacturing costs, and third-party service fees, including for clinical 
research organizations and investigative sites.  When entering into agreements with third parties which provide the 
rights  to  conduct  research  into  specific  biological  processes  the  Group  accounts  for  these  agreements  as  an 
expense if the agreements are 'milestone' in nature and relate to the Group's own research and development costs. 
Such agreements involve periodic payments and are evaluated as representing payments made to fund research.  

Leases 
IFRS  16  defines  the  lease  term  as  the  non-cancellable  period  of  a  lease  together  with  the  options  to  extend  or 
terminate a lease, if the lessee were reasonably certain to exercise that option. This will take into account the length 
of  time  remaining  before  the  option  is  exercisable,  current  trading,  future  trading  forecasts  as  to  the  ongoing  
profitability  of  the  organisation  and  the  level  and  type  of  planned  future  capital  investment.  The  judgement  
is  reassessed  at  each  reporting   period.   A reassessment of the remaining life of the lease could result in  a 
recalculation of the lease liability and a material adjustment to the associated balances. 

4.  DEMERGER OF A SUBSIDIARY 

The Company’s demerger of its subsidiary Stemprinter Sciences Limited to allow for the creation of a separate 
business occurred by way of a demerger under English law. It happened in two distinct steps. In the first step, in 
September  2020,  Tiziana  transferred  all  the  ownership  rights  and  intellectual  property  relating  to  the 
StemPrintER project, in the form of patents and a license, to a newly formed Tiziana subsidiary, Stemprinter 
Sciences Limited. In the second step, on October 5, 2020, the Company sold Stemprinter  Sciences Limited to 
Accustem Sciences Ltd. 

In  September  2020,  the  Company  transferred  all  the  ownership  rights  and  intellectual  property  relating  to 
StemPrintER™  along  with  £1.0  million  in  cash  to  its  newly  formed  wholly  owned  subsidiary,  StemPrinter 
Sciences Limited.  This was the first step in the creation of the separate business by way of a demerger under 
English law.In this first step, the transfer of all the ownership rights and intellectual property was treated as an 
asset transfer (acquired IPR&D). The treatment as a separate asset acquisition at this stage reflected the fact 
that,  immediately  prior  to  transfer,  the  Company  carried  out  only  limited  maintenance  type  activity  on  the 
StemPrintER project and the concentration of fair value was in the StemPrintER intellectual property asset. 

Stemprinter  Sciences  Limited  recorded  the  ownership  rights  and  intellectual  property  a  separately  acquired 
intangible asset in its books at cost under IAS 38, with cost (as defined in the IFRS Glossary), including the fair 
value  of  the  other  consideration  given  (i.e.,  shares  issued  in  exchange  for  intellectual  property).  Stemprinter 
Sciences  Limited  therefore  was  also  required  to  record  the  equity  capital  issued  for  the  StemPrintER  asset 
acquired at fair value as set out in IFRS 13. Prior to the transfer, the intellectual property was an internal project 
within the Company and was not classified as an asset on the Company’s balance sheet or a separate line of 
business.  

The Company tracked the expenses incurred in maintaining this project in the form of patent maintenance fees, 
CRO fees and project consultancy fees, the total amounts for which between 2014 and the transfer date were 
£2,073,930. The Company used the aggregate amount of these expenses as its determination of fair value (as 
further  discussed  below)  to  credit  an  account  in  the  books  of  Stemprinter  Sciences  Limited  by  £2,073,930. 
Tiziana  received  3,070,000  shares  in  Stemprinter  Sciences  Limited  as  consideration  for  the  asset  transfer. 
Tiziana also contributed capital and resources, consisting of £1.0 million in cash. 

In the second step of the transaction, on October 5, 2020, Accustem Sciences Ltd entered into an agreement 
with  the  Company  to  acquire  Stemprinter  Sciences  Limited,  including  the  ownership  rights  and  intellectual 
property  relating  to  StemPrintER™  and  cash  of  £1.0  million  contained  within  the  entity.    In  exchange  for  the 
transfer of ownership (shares  in Stemprinter  Sciences Limited), Accustem Sciences Ltd  allotted 194,612,288 
ordinary  shares  of  £0.01  par  value  to  Tiziana  shareholders  on  a  one  for  one  basis  based  on  the  Tiziana 
ownership as at October 30, 2020. 

The Demerger was effected by Tiziana declaring a special dividend on the Tiziana Shares which was satisfied 
by the transfer to Accustem of the entire issued share capital of Stemprinter Sciences Limited, the company to 
which all the relevant assets relating to StemPrintER had been transferred.  

In order for the Demerger to be effective, the Company cancelled £4,000,000 from its Share Premium account 
in order to create a distributable reserve in the Company to facilitate the special dividend to shareholders. This 
was approved by the High Court on October 26, 2020.  

54 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

5.  OPERATING LOSS 

The Group and Company’s operating loss for the year is stated after charging the following: 

License fees 
Realisation bonus 
Depreciation of Property, Plant and Equipment 
Depreciation (Right-of-use asset) 
Foreign exchange (gains)/losses 

2020 
£’000 

550 
10,290 
4 
66 
186 

11,096 

2019 
£’000 

433 
- 
4 
192 
129 

758 

The realisation bonus refers to a bonus that became payable to the Executive Chairman in August 2020 upon the  
raising of funds totalling £44m.  

6.  SEGMENTAL REPORTING 

During  the  year  under  review  management  identified  the  Group’s  only  operating  segment  as  the  research  and 
development  of  biotechnological  and  pharmaceutical  products.  This  one  segment  is  monitored  and  strategic 
decisions  are  made  based  upon  it  and  other  non-financial  data  collated  from  industry  intelligence.  The  form  of 
financial reporting reported to the Board is consistent with those presented in the annual financial statements. 

7.  AUDITOR’S REMUNERATION 

Remuneration  receivable  by  the  Company’s  auditor  for  the  audit  of  the 
consolidated and Company financial statements 
Remuneration  receivable  by  the  Company’s  auditor  for  other  assurance 
services 

8.  EMPLOYEES 

Group 
Staff costs comprised: 
Directors’ salaries including bonus 
Employees, wages, salaries and bonus 
Social security costs 
Recruitment fees 
Share based payment charge 

The average monthly number of employees, including directors, employed by 
the Group during the year was: 
Research and Development 
Corporate and administration 

A charge for share based payments totalling £3,506k (2019: £586k) was made in the year. 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

48 

78 

56 

82 

2020 
£’000 
11,198 
824 
151 
13 
3,506 

2019 
£’000 
        892 
554 
477 
- 
992 

15,692 

2,912 

3 
8 

11 

5 
4 

9 

55 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Company 
Staff costs comprised: 

Directors’ salaries 
Recharge of US Salaries (including social security costs) 
Share based payment charge 

2020 
£’000 

11,198 
706 
3,506 

15,410 

2019 
£’000 

892 
745 
992 

2,629 

Directors’ salaries include a realisation bonus which became payable due to the £44m fundraise that took place 
in August 2020. 

9.  REMUNERATION OF KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL 

2020 

2019 

Directors' 
fee 
£’000 

Bonus 
£’000 

Salary 
£’000 

38 

133  10,357 
- 

- 

17 
- 

- 
164 

- 

- 
468 

Share 
based 
payments 
£’000 
24 
121 
- 

24 
1,611 

Directors' 
fee 
£’000 

Bonus 
£’000 

38 
80 
2 

- 
- 

- 
143 
- 

- 
159 

Salary 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 

- 
470 

Share 
based 
payments 
£’000 
- 
296 
- 

- 
695 

Director 

W Simon 
G. Cerrone (1) 

R. Dalla-Favera 
J Brancaccio 
K. Shailubhai 
(2) 

188 

10,521 

468 

1,780 

120 

302 

470 

991 

(1)  Gabriele Cerrone’s bonus in 2020 includes his realisation bonus of £10.29m; his 2019 bonus covers the 

period June 9, 2016 to December 31, 2019 

(2)  Kunwar Shailubhai became an employee of the Company on 24th May 2017, at which point he ceased 

to be a non-executive director.  

The following share options were granted to directors in the year: 

Director 
K Shailubhai 
G. Cerrone 
W. Simon 
J Brancaccio 
R. Dalla-Favera 

2020 
Number of options 
1,800,000 
-  
250,000 
250,000 

2,300,000  

2019 
Number of options 

-  
- 
- 

-  

The key management personnel of the Group are considered to be represented by the directors and officers of the 
Company.   

No director has yet benefitted from any increase in the value of share capital since issuance of the options.   

2,319,225 share options were exercised by directors in the year for an intrinsic gain of £3.2m.   

The Company made £7k (2019: £12k) of payments to a defined contribution pension schemes on behalf of directors 
or employees. 

56 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

10.  FINANCE INCOME AND COSTS 

Group  

Finance Income 
Finance income received on net investment in lease 

Total finance income 

Finance Expenses 
Finance charge accrued on convertible loan notes  
Interest expense on lease liabilities 

Total finance expenses 

Net finance expense recognised in Statement of Comprehensive Income 

11.  TAXATION 

Group  
Current year tax (credit) 
Adjustments in respect of prior periods 

Deferred tax 
Origination and reversal of timing differences  

Total tax (credit) for period 

The tax charge for the year is different from the standard rate 
of  corporation  tax  in  the  United  Kingdom  of  19%.  The 
difference can be reconciled as follows: 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

6 

6 

236 
13 

249 

243 

1 

1 

49 
24 

73 

72 

2020 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

(1,204) 
(515) 

(518) 
(22) 

Nil 

Nil 

(1,719) 

(540) 

Loss before taxation 

(22,067) 

(7,846) 

Loss charged at standard rate of corporation tax 19%  

(4,193) 

(1,491) 

Movement in unrecognised deferred tax 
Expenses not deductible for taxation  
Adjustments due to prior periods 
Research and development claim 
Income not taxable for tax purposes 

Consolidation  adjustment  in  relation  to  foreign  exchange 
movements 

1,025 
3,883 
(515) 
(518) 
(1,356) 

(189) 
1,353 
(22) 
(223) 
- 

(45) 

32 

(1,719) 

(540) 

No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of trading losses carried forward because of uncertainty as 
to when these losses will be recoverable.  

The amount of tax losses for which no deferred tax assets has been recognised is £4,814k (2019: £2,756k). 

57 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

12.  LOSS PER SHARE 

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the loss attributable to equity holders of the company by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. 

(Loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company (£) 

(20,348,519) 

(7,306,423) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue  

169,065,390 

136,482,627 

2020 

2019 

Basic loss per share (pence per share) 

(12.0) 

(5.4) 

As the Group is reporting a loss from continuing operations for the year then, in accordance with IAS 33, the share 
options are not considered dilutive because the exercise of the share options would have an anti-dilutive effect. The 
basic and diluted earnings per share as presented on the face of the Income Statement are therefore identical.  All 
earnings per share figures presented above arise from continuing and total operations and therefore no earnings 
per share for discontinued operations are presented. 

13.  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Details of the Groups property, plant and equipment are as follows: 

Group 

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2020 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2020 
Charge in year 

At 31 December 2020 

Net book value as at 31 December 2020 

Cost 
At 1 January 2019 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2019 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2019 
Charge in year 

At 31 December 2019 

Net book value as at 31 December 2019 

Furniture 
and fixtures 
£’000 

IT 
equipment 
£’000 

Total 

£’000 

12 
- 

12 

9 
2 

11 

1 

12 
- 
- 

12 

7 
2 

9 

3 

28 
- 

28 

26 
2 

28 

- 

25 
3 
- 

28 

24 
2 

26 

2 

40 
- 

40 

35 
4 

39 

1 

37 
3 
- 

40 

31 
4 

35 

5 

58 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

14.  PURCHASE OF AN INTANGIBLE ASSET 

In April 2020, the Company acquired all of the intellectual property relating to a nanoparticle-based formulation of 
Actinomycin D (Act D), from Rasna Therapeutics, Inc. to expand its pipeline for a consideration of an initial $120,000 
upfront payment (approximately £97,000).  

15.  OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Group 
VAT Receivable 
Funds due for options exercised 
Security deposits receivable 
Prepayments  

2020 
£’000 

61 
140 
99 
276 

576 

2019 
£’000 

16 
- 
87 
21 

124 

There  are  no  differences  between  the  carrying  amount  and  fair  value  of  any  of  the  trade  and  other  receivables 
above.  

Company 

Funds due for options exercised 
VAT Receivable 
Prepayments  

16.  FINANCE LEASE RECEIVABLES 

2020 
£000 

140 
52 
242 

434 

2019 
£000 

- 
4 
5 

9 

In November 2019, the Group subleased one of its leased office spaces. The sublease has been classified as a 
finance lease receivable. 

Finance lease receivable 

Current 
Non-current 

31 Dec 2020 
£000  
111 
- 

  1 Jan 2020 
£000  
109 
113 

111 

222 

The undiscounted lease payments to be received over the next 5 years are as follows: 

1 Year 

£000 

2 years 

3 or more years 

£000 

£000 

Undiscounted lease payments receivable 

111 

111 

- 

- 

- 

- 

The undiscounted lease payments do not include a discount factor charge of £1k. 

During the year ending December 31, 2020, the Group received £111k of income from its subleasing activities. 

59 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Finance Lease Receivable 

Finance Lease receivable as at 1 Jan 2020 
Sublease income 

31 December 
2020 
£000 

222 
(111) 

111 

17.  OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS 

In June 2016, the Board approved the purchase of the data repository of DNA samples from SharDNA (an Italian 
entity in liquidation) for EUR 258k, approximately £217k. 

Management recognize that the transaction is not the purchase of a business, but the purchase of key assets owned 
by SharDNA. These assets are owned by Tiziana Life Sciences PLC.   

The validity to the sale of the assets has been confirmed by the Italian judicial system however the Company is still 
unable  to  utilise  these  assets  until  the  resolution  of  the  outstanding  data  protection  legal  action.  This  action  is 
unlikely to be resolved for another 2 years so the Company has decided to impair the asset on the basis that it is 
not available for use for another 2 years, resulting in an impairment charge of £217k.  

18.  INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES 

Company  

Cost 
At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 December 2020 

Impairment 
At 1 January 2020 
Charge in year 
At 31 December 2020 

Net book value as at 31 December 2020 

Net book value as at 31 December 2019 

Shares in group 
undertakings 

Capital 
Contribution 

£’000 

£’000 

Total 

£’000 

7,509 
3,225 
(3,225) 
7,509 

(7,509) 
- 
(7,509) 

- 

- 

12,796 
4,915 
- 
17,711 

(12,796) 
(4,915) 
(17,711) 

- 

- 

21,966 
8,140 
(3,225) 
25,220 

(21,966) 
(4,915) 
(25,220) 

- 

- 

The capital contribution represents the funding of operations of the subsidiaries by the parent, with the Company 
acting as the Group’s holding company.  

The Company’s interest in subsidiary undertakings is as follows: 

60 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Name 

Principal activity  Registered Address 

Tiziana Pharma Limited 

Tiziana Therapeutics Inc 

Longevia Genomics SRL 

Stemprinter Sciences Ltd 

Clinical stage 
biotechnology 
company 

Clinical stage 
biotechnology 
company 

Biotech 
Discovery 
Company 
Specialist 
medical practice 
activities 

3rd Floor, 11-12 St 
James’s Square, 
London, SW1Y 4LB 

420 Lexington Avenue 
Suite 2525 
New York, NY 10170 

Via Constantinopoli 42 
09100- Cagliari (CA) 

9th Floor, 107 
Cheapside, London, 
UK EC2V 6DN 

Percentage 
shareholding 
100% 

Country of 
incorporation 
England & 
Wales 

100% 

USA 

100% 

Italy 

100% 

England & 
Wales 

Tiziana Therapeutics Inc was incorporated on 28 October 2015. This entity was set up to house the Company’s US 
operations. 

Longevia Genomics SRL was incorporated on 4 July 2016. This entity was established to enable the Company to 
carry  out  R&D  activities  in  Sardinia  and  acting  as  the  European  legal  representative  of  the  Group,  as  per  EU 
regulatory (AIFA) requirements. 

Stemprinter Sciences Ltd was incorporated on 3 September 2020. This entity was established to enable the transfer 
of the ownership rights and intellectual property relating to StemPrintER™. The subsidiary was sold to Accustem 
Sciences Ltd on 30 October 2020. 

During the year, the Company undertook an impairment review of its investments in subsidiaries. The Company 
has been funding its subsidiary operations from funds raised by the Company for the development of its project 
portfolio. The subsidiary’s activities have all been to support the Company in achieving its goals for progression of 
the  project  portfolio.  The  funding  provided  to  the  subsidiaries  to  date  has  been  recognized  in  the  Company  as 
Investment in its subsidiaries, and the Company does not expect the amounts to be repaid.  The IP relating to the 
project portfolio belongs to the Company and hence any future benefits will also belong to the Company. It is highly 
unlikely  that  these  benefits  will  be  distributed  to  the  subsidiaries.    The  Company  therefore  determined  that  the 
investment should be impaired on an annual basis. 

19.  SHARE CAPITAL  

Company and Group  

2020 

2019 

Ordinary Shares 

In issue at 1 January 

136,654,516 

136,463,818 

Issued for cash 
Issued in lieu of consultancy 
fees 

Conversion of warrants 

Conversion of Loan 

Exercise of options 

Commission and Interest 

43,979,245 

- 

281,250 

190,698 

6,365,428 

4,406,125 

2,925,725 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2020 
£000 

4,099 

1,319 

9 

191 

132 

88 

2019  
£000 

4,094 

- 

5 

- 

- 

- 

- 

In issue at 31 December 

194,612,289 

136,654,516 

5,838 

4,099 

Ordinary Shares 

Ordinary shares have a par value of £0.03. Every holder of ordinary shares is entitled to one vote, to participate in 
dividends, and to share in the proceeds of winding up the company in proportion to the number of and amounts 
paid on the shares held. On a show of hands every holder of ordinary shares present at a meeting in person or by 
proxy, is entitled to one vote, and upon a poll each share is entitled to one vote. The Company does not have a 
limited amount of authorised capital. 

61 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Issuance of ordinary shares 

In March 2020, 16,666,665 new ordinary shares were issued as part of a fundraise of American Depositary Shares 
on the Nasdaq Global Market. 

In April 2020, 420,000 new ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of options; 1,712,672 new ordinary 
shares were issued in relation to an exercise of warrants; 4,406,125 new ordinary shares were issued in relation to 
the  conversion  of  convertible  loan  notes  and  906,905  new  ordinary  shares  were  issued  in  relation  to  an  ‘At  the 
market’ fundraise of American Depositary Shares. 

In May 2020, 264,286 new ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of warrants and 1,568,445 new 
ordinary shares were issued in relation to an ‘At the market’ fundraise of American Depositary Shares. 

In June 2020, 3,034,399  new ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of warrants and 852,500 new 
ordinary shares were issued in relation to an ‘At the market’ fundraise of American Depositary Shares. 

In July 2020, 88,580 new ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of warrants and 1,965,500 new 
ordinary shares were issued in relation to an ‘At the market’ fundraise of American Depositary Shares. 

In August 2020, 22,019,230 new ordinary shares were issued as part of a fundraise of American Depositary Shares 
on the Nasdaq Global Market and 600,000 new ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of warrants. 

In September 2020, 281,250 new ordinary shares were issued in lieu of a consultancy fees of £360,000. 

In October 2020, 2,505,725 new ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of options and 665,491 new 
ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of warrants. 

20.  SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

Group and Company  

Options 

The  Company  operates  share-based  payment  arrangements  to  remunerate  directors  and  key  employees  in  the 
form of a share option scheme. The exercise price of the option is normally equal to the market price of an ordinary 
share in the Company at the date of grant.  

Options (‘000) 

2020 

Weighted 
Average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Options (‘000) 

2019 

Weighted 
Average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Outstanding at 1 January 

Granted 
Forfeited 
Exercised 
Cancelled 

Outstanding at 31 
December 

Exercisable at 31 
December 

16,379 

3,870 
(300) 
(2,925) 

17,024 

6,249 

86 

81 
(38) 
(18) 

49 

41 

18,617 

- 
(2,238) 
- 
- 

16,379 

5,521 

84 

- 
(115) 
- 
- 

86 

51 

During the year ending 31 December 2020, 2,925,725 options were exercised. No options were exercised in the 
year to 31 December 2019.  

The  total  outstanding  fair  value  charge  of  the  share  option  instruments  is  deemed  to  be  approximately  £5,161k 
(2019: £3,800k).  

Share options outstanding at the end of the year have the following expiry dates and exercise prices: 

62 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Grant Date 

Expiry Date 

Exercise Price 

26 June 2014 
30 April 2018 
6 May 2020 
23 July 2020 
25 August 2020 
Total 

Fair value of options granted 

26 June 2024 
30 April 2028 
5 May 2028 
26 July 2030 
24 August 2030 

£0.35 
£0.8175 
£0.35 
£1.575 

£1.475 

Share Options as 
at 31 December 
2020 (‘000) 
1,831 
1,300 
12,393 
1,000 
500 
17,024 

The Directors have used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of most of the options 
granted during the year to December 31, 2020 applying the assumptions below. 

Historical volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company itself.  

The  Company  has  not  paid  any  dividends  on  common  stock  since  its  inception  and  does  not  anticipate  paying 
dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future. 

The Company has estimated a forfeiture rate of zero. 

The model inputs for options granted during the year ended 31 December 2020 valued under the Black Scholes 
Valuation model included: 

Grant date share price 
Exercise share price  
Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 
Option life 

6 May 2020 

23 July 2020 

£0.625 
£0.350 
0.04% to 0.05% 
92% to 117% 
10 years 

£1.600 
£1.575 
0.04% to 0.05% 
92% to 117% 
10 years 

Weighted average share price 

Weighted average fair value per 
share option 

£0.625 

£0.350 

£1.600 

£1.575 

For the options issued in August 2020 with a market condition attached, the Directors have used the Monte Carlo 
simulation to estimate the fair value of these options. The Company uses the following methods to determine its 
underlying assumptions:  

• 
• 

• 

expected volatilities are based on the historical volatilities of the market; 
the expected term of the award is 4 years and is based on managements’ assessment of when the market 
condition is likely to be achieved; and 
a range of fair value’s per share were produced and management have determined the most appropriate 
value based on their knowledge of the market and vesting conditions being fulfilled. 

Modification of share based payments. 

In May 2020, the Company reduced the exercise price for options issued to employees and directors to £0.35. This 
was approved by shareholders at a General Meeting held on May 6, 2020. 

The fair value of the modified options at the date of modification was determined using the option pricing models 
as described above. The incremental fair value was recognised as an expense over the period from the modification 
date to the end of the vesting period. The expense for the original option grant will continue to be recognised as if 
the terms had not been modified.  

The fair value of the modified options was determined using the same models and principles as described above.  

63 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Warrants 

Warrants issued in lieu of fees 

On June 1 2020, warrants were granted over 35,714 shares at an exercise price of £0.70 per share in lieu of broker 
fees. The warrants are exercisable until 1 June 2023.  

Warrants issued as incentive 

In January 2020, additional warrants were granted over 2,037,350 shares at an exercise price of £0.42 per share 
in conjunction with Convertible Loan Note’s that were issued in 2019. The warrants are exercisable until 31 October 
2024 and were exercised during April and June 2020. 

On  January  21,  2020,  warrants  were  granted  over  285,714  shares  at  an  exercise  price  of  £0.35  per  share  in 
conjunction with a Convertible Loan Note. The warrants are exercisable until January 21, 2023 and were exercised 
in October 2020. 

The  Directors  have  estimated  the  fair  value  of  the  warrants  using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model  and 
assumptions below: 

Grant date share price 
Exercise share price  
Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 

January 2020 

21 January 
2020 

  1 June 2020 

£0 .43 
£0.42 
0.64% 
61.7% 

£0 .43 
£0.35 
0.40% 
84.7% 

£1.15 
£0.70 
0.04% 
111% 

For each set of warrants, the charge has been expensed over the service period. A share-based payment charge 
for the year of £20k (year to December 2019 £nil) has been expensed in the statement of comprehensive income. 

2020 
£000 

2019 
£000 

Outstanding at 1 January 

1,812 

1,399 

Granted 
Transfer to share premium on exercise of warrants 

259 
(1,597) 

413 
- 

Outstanding at 31 December 

474 

1,812 

21.  CONVERTIBLE DEBT INSTRUMENT 

Group and Company 

Planwise Convertible Loan Notes 2016 

From  the  date  of  the  reverse  acquisition  a  convertible  loan  note  of  £200k  was  in  existence  as  detailed  in  the 
Admission Document dated 31 March 2014. Proceeds of the subscriptions for the notes are to be used exclusively 
to finance the Company's on-going working capital requirements. The terms of the loan note are that the loan notes, 
plus accrued interest at a rate of 4 per cent above Bank of England base rate per annum, will convert into ordinary 
shares  in  the  Company  at  a  price  of  £0.10  per  share  at  the  election  of  Planwise  any  time  after  the  second 
anniversary  of  the  readmission  to  AIM  on  24  April  2014.  The  Company  considers  this  to  be  a  Convertible  Debt 
Instrument as detailed in the policy described at note 2 as a result of the fact that the Company is obligated to repay 
the capital amount and the interest of the loan, and Planwise has the right to request the settlement of the obligation 
via a cash settlement and is not limited to settlement of  the obligation in shares in the Company. 

64 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Accounting for the convertible debt instrument 

The net proceeds received from the issue of the  Planwise Convertible Loan Note  has been recorded  as a debt 
liability  in  the  balance  sheet  and  the  accrued  interest  charged  to  the  income  statement.  The  liability  for  the 
convertible debt instrument at 31 December is: 

Convertible loan notes issued 

Accrued interest  

2020 
£000 

252 

8 

260 

2019 
£000 

243 

9 

252 

22.  CONVERTIBLE INSTRUMENTS CLASSIFIED AS EQUITY  

On  31st  October  2019,  the  Company  decided  to  raise  convertible  equity  finance,  with  warrants  attached,  from 
supportive existing shareholders. £1,473,000 was raised from the issuance of Convertible Loan Notes. The Loan 
Notes  are  short  term  instruments  and  carry  a  coupon  of  16%  per  annum  and  are  convertible  (together  with  all 
accrued interest) into ordinary shares of nominal value £0.03 each in the capital of the Company at a conversion 
price of 42p,they are not convertible into cash. The Loan Notes are convertible on the third anniversary of the date 
of issue of the Notes, or at the election of the noteholder on completion of the next non-qualifying equity financing 
or on the making of a takeover offer for the Company (as defined in the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers), and 
such election may be made on an immediate basis or conditional on any such takeover offer being declared, or 
becoming, unconditional. 

The warrants issued in connection with the Loan Notes entitle the holders to subscribe for one additional share per 
conversion share at the same price of 42p. The warrants may be exercised for a period of up to 5 years from their 
date of issue.  

The principal amount of the Convertible Equity Instrument that was recorded as in the convertible loan note reserve 
prior to conversion is as follows: 

Par value of Convertible loan notes issued 

Less: Fair value of warrants issued to note holders 

Less convertible loan note conversion Exercise  

Accrued interest 
Less: convertible loan note conversion 
Exercise of Warrants 

2020 
£000 

1,593 

(484) 

1,109 

255 
(1,848) 
484 
- 

2019 
£000 

1,473 

(413) 

1,060 

39 
- 
- 
1,099 

23.  RESERVES 

The share-based payment reserve for warrants represent the value of equity shares which could be issued in future 
accounting periods if the warrants in issue are exercised. 

The share-based payment reserve for options represents the value of equity shares which could be issued in future 
accounting periods if the share-based payment options in issue are exercised. 

The convertible loan note reserve represents the value of equity shares which could be issued in future accounting 
periods if the convertible loan notes are converted into equity. 

65 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

The other reserve was created as a result of the reverse acquisition of Alexander David Investments Plc, which is 
described in note 2. The reserve is required due to the fact that the reverse acquisition accounting requires the legal 
parent's equity structure to be shown. 

Retained  earnings  represent  the  cumulative  profits/(losses)  of  the  entity  which  have  not  been  distributed  to 
shareholders. This reserve has been credited as part of the capital reduction exercise described below. 

The shares to be issued reserve represents the equity shares that are to be issued to the Chairman in lieu of his 
realisation bonus, which became payable during the course of the year. 

On the 14 of September 2016 the High Court granted the Company permission to cancel its share premium account 
and its capital redemption reserve. The order had previously been ratified at the AGM held on 30 June 2016. The 
£31.1m  of  distributable  reserves  arising  from  this  transaction  were  taken  to  the  capital  reduction  reserve.  The 
Company also decided to cancel its merger relief reserve as part of this capital reduction exercise.  

On October 26, 2020 the High Court granted the Company permission to reduce its share premium account by £4m 
in order to distribute a dividend to effect the demerger of its subsidiary, Stemprinter Sciences Ltd. The order had 
previously been ratified at a General Meeting held on October 2, 2020. The £4m of distributable reserves arising 
from this transaction were taken to the capital reduction reserve. A capital distribution was then made to Tiziana 
shareholders by way of shares in Accustem of £3,225,314. 

The  translation  reserve  represents  the  unrealised  gains  or  losses  from  the  foreign  currency  translation  of 
Companies within the Group. 

24.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are liquidity risk, foreign currency risk and credit risk. 
The directors regularly review and agree policies for managing each of these risks which are summarised below. 

Market risk 

Market risk encompasses three types of risk, being foreign currency exchange risk, price risk and fair value interest 
rate risk. The Group policies for managing fair value interest rate risk are considered along with those for managing 
cash flow interest rate risk and are set out in the subsection entitled ‘‘interest rate risk’’ below. The Directors do not 
consider the Group’s exposure to price risk to be significant. The Group’s risk management is coordinated by the 
Directors and focuses on actively securing the Group’s short to medium term cash flows by minimising the exposure 
to financial markets. The Group does not engage in the trading of financial assets for speculative purposes. 

Credit risk 

Credit risk is managed on a Group basis. Credit risk arises principally from cash and cash equivalents and deposits 
with banks and financial institutions as well as credit exposure to customers including committed transactions and 
outstanding receivables. The Group reviews its banking arrangements carefully to minimise such risks and currently 
has no customers and therefore this risk is viewed as minimal. Management monitor loans between members of 
the Group as part of their internal reporting and assess outstanding receivables for ability to be repaid. 

Liquidity risk 

The Group’s policy is to regularly monitor current and expected liquidity requirements to ensure that it maintains 
sufficient reserves of cash to meet its liquidity requirements in the short and long term. The Group ordinarily finances 
its activities through cash generated from by private and public offerings of equity and debt securities. 

The  table  below  summarises  the  maturity  profile  of  the  Group’s  financial  liabilities  based  on  contractual 
undiscounted payments: 

£000 

Trade and other payables 
Related party payables 

Less than 3 
months 
1,920 
- 
1,920 

2020 

3 to 12 
months 
546 
997 
1,543 

Total 

2,466 
997 
3,463 

66 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

Foreign currency risks 

The group operates internationally although the majority of its operations are based in the United Kingdom and the 
majority of assets and liabilities denominated in Pounds Sterling. It therefore is exposed to foreign exchange risk 
arising from exposure to various currencies primarily the Euro and US Dollar.  

The Group monitors currency exchange rates and makes judgments as to whether to enter into currency hedging 
contracts. Currently no such hedging contracts are in place. 

Sensitivity analysis 

A reasonably possible strengthening (weakening) of the Euro, US dollar, or Sterling against all other currencies at 
31 December 2020 would have affected the measurement of the financial instruments denominated in a foreign 
currency and affected equity and profit and loss by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes that all other 
variables remain constant. 

December 31, 2020 

EUR (5% movement) 
USD (5% movement) 

Interest rate risk 

Profit or loss and equity 

Strengthening 

Weakening 

44 
70 

(44) 
(70) 

The Group has limited exposure to interest-rate risk arising from its bank deposits. These deposit accounts are held 
at variable interest rates based on Barclays Bank base rate.  

The Directors do not consider the impact of possible interest rate changes based on current market conditions to 
be material to the net result for the year or the equity position at the year-end for either the year ended 31 December 
2020 or 31 December 2019. 

25.  CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

For the purpose of the Group’s capital management, capital includes called up share capital, share premium, share 
based payments for options, share based payments for warrants, convertible loan note reserve, capital reduction 
reserve and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the parent as reflected in the statement of 
financial position. 

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going 
concern and to maximise shareholder value through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. 

The Group adjusts its capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and expected business demands 
on capital. In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Group considers whether or not to pay dividends 
and  adjusts  the  amount  of  any  dividend  payments  to  shareholders.  The  Group  may  also  return  capital  to 
shareholders or issue additional shares. 

67 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

26.  TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Group 

Trade payables 
Accruals  

Company 

Trade payables 
Accruals  

2020 
£000  

2,466 
1,629 

2019 
£000  

3,178 
1,673 

4,095 

4,851 

2020 
£000  

847 
1,387 

2,234 

2019 
£000  

970 
1,121 

2,091 

27.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Rasna Therapeutics Inc is a related party as Keeren Shah, Finance Director of Tiziana, is also Finance Director 
of Rasna and John Brancaccio and Willy Simon, directors of our Company, are also directors of Rasna. Rasna is 
also party to a Shared Services agreement with Tiziana whereby the Company is charged for shared services 
such as the payroll and rent. During 2020, Tiziana extended a loan to Rasna for $72,000 at an interest rate of 8% 
per annum. As of December 31, 2020, £58k (2019: £4k) was owed to Tiziana Life Sciences PLC in respect of the 
lean and shares services agreement. 

In addition to the above, Tiziana also acquired all of the intellectual property relating to a nanoparticle-based 
formulation of Actinomycin D (Act D; a.k.a. Dactinomycin), from Rasna to expand its pipeline for a consideration 
of an initial £97k ($120k) upfront payment and milestone payments of up to an additional aggregate $630k.  

OKYO Pharma Ltd is a related party as Kunwar Shailubhai, director of our Company, is also a director of OKYO. 
In addition, Keeren Shah, Finance Director of Tiziana, is also Finance Director of OKYO. OKYO is also party to a 
Shared Services agreement with Tiziana whereby the Company is charged for shared services such as the 
payroll and rent. As of December 31, 2020, £20k (2019: £21k) was owed to Tiziana Life Sciences PLC in respect 
of this agreement.  

Gensignia Lifesciences Inc is a related party as Kunwar Shailubhai, director of our Company, is also a director 
of Gensignia. As of December 31, 2020, £258k (2019: £241k) was owed to Tiziana Life Sciences PLC. 

Accustem Sciences Ltd is a related party as Kunwar Shailubhai, director of our Company, is also a director 
of Accustem. In addition, Keeren Shah, Finance Director of Tiziana, is also Finance Director of Accustem. As of 
December 31, 2020, £1,148k was owed to Accustem, made up of cash payable of £1,151k offset by £3k worth of 
costs paid by Tiziana on Accustem’s behalf. 

As at December 31, 2020, Kunwar Shailubhai owed the Company £140,000 for the exercise of his options. 

68 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

28.  LEASES 

Right-of-use assets 

At 1 January  
Additions 
Depreciation 
Finance lease receivable 
Loss on disposal 
Foreign exchange movements 

Lease Liabilities 

At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Interest expense 
Lease payments 

Foreign exchange movement  

Lease liabilities are presented in the statement of financial; position as follows: 

Current 
Non-current 

31 Dec 
2020 
£000 
329 
- 
(67) 
- 
- 

31 Dec 2019 

£000  
833 
- 
(194) 
(249) 
(56) 
(5) 

262 

329 

31 Dec 2020 
£000 
623 
- 
13 
(235) 

31 Dec 2019 
£000  
833 
- 
24 
(234) 

6 

407 

- 

623 

31 Dec 2020 
£000  
195 
212 

  1 Jan 2020 
£000  
212 
411 

407 

623 

The  lease  liabilities  are  secured  by  the  related  underlying  assets.  Future  minimum  lease  payments  as  at  31 
December 2020 were as follows: 

Within 1 year 

1-2 years 

2-5 years 

Over 5 years 

Total 

Minimum lease payment due 

31 December 2020 
Lease payments 
Finance Charges 
Net Present Values 

205 
(10) 
195 

74 
(6) 
68 

148 
(4) 
144 

- 
- 

427 
(20) 
407 

The total net cash outflow for leases in the year to 31 December 2020 was £155,549. 

29.  POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 

On 4 January 2021, the Company announced that it had completed its clinical study in Brazil investigating nasally 
administered  Foralumab,  its  proprietary  human  monoclonal  antibody,  either  alone  or  in  combination  with  orally 
administered dexamethasone in COVID-19 patients. 

On  13  January  2021,  the  Company  announced  the  appointment  of  Dr  Neil  Graham  MBBS,  MD,  MPH  as  Chief 
Medical Officer.  

69 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020 

On 20 January 2021, the Company announced the cancellation of admission of its Ordinary Shares to trading on 
AIM and admission to listing of its ordinary shares on the standard listing segment of the Official List of the Financial 
Conduct Authority and admission to trading on the main market for listed securities of London Stock Exchange plc. 
The last day of trading of the Company's Ordinary Shares on AIM was 20 January 2021 and the AIM Delisting was 
effective from 7.00 am 21 January 2021. Admission of shares to the Official List and commencement of dealing in 
the Ordinary Shares of the Company on the Main Market was effective from 8.00 am on 21 January 2021. 

On  5  February  2021,  the  Company  announced  the  appointment  of  Dr  Thomas  Adams,  Ph.D.  as  an  executive 
director. Dr Adams assumed the position of Head of Drug Development with immediate effect and his executive 
role  is  to  manage  and  oversee  all  matters  relating  to  the  Company's  pre-clinical  and  clinical  drug  development 
programs and associated intellectual property. 

On  30  March  2021,  the  Company  announced  that  the  U.S.  Food  and  Drug  Administration  (FDA)  has  allowed 
evaluation of nasal administration with Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, in a secondary 
progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patient at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH), Harvard University, 
Boston, MA. This patient will be treated under an Individual Patient Expanded Access IND. This is the first time a 
nasally administered antibody will be administered to a patient with SPMS. The treatment is planned to start in the 
third  quarter  of  2021  and  will  continue  for  six  months.  Investigators  at  BWH  will  follow  this  patient  with  detailed 
routine safety, neurological, imaging and PET studies to evaluate microglial imaging. Modification of immunological 
and neurodegenerative markers is part of standard investigations that will be conducted at the BWH.  

The Company does not believe that the recent outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic will have an adverse effect on the 
Company’  operations.  Indeed,  the  Company  has  raised  substantial  funds  during  the  pandemic  to  enable  it  to 
expedite development of TZLS-501 as well as other initiatives within its project pipeline. 

30.  FINANCIAL COMMITMENTS 

The Group’s main financial commitments relate to the contractual payments in respect of its licensing agreements.  
Due  to  the  uncertain  nature  of  scientific  research  and  development  and  the  length  of  time  required  to  reach 
commercialisation of the products of this research and development, pre-clinical, clinical and commercial milestone 
obligations are not detailed until there is a reasonable certainty that the obligation will become payable.  Contractual 
commitments are detailed where amounts are known and certain. 

Milciclib project research future payments relate to the achievement of clinical milestones or the payment 
of royalties. We are obligated to pay Nerviano the following additional amounts in respect of the first licensed 
product or service which achieves the stated development milestones: 

(a)  $100,000 upon initiation, first patient dosed, or FPD, of the first Phase 3 registration trial in thymic 

carcinoma. 

(b)  $4,000,000 upon FPD of the first Phase 3 registration trial in HCC. 

(c)  $6,000,000 upon FPD of the first Phase 3 registration trial in breast cancer. 

(d)  Upon the first NDA equivalent in: thymic carcinoma, $900,000; HCC, $9,000,000; breast cancer, 

$15,000,000. 

• 

• 

Foralumab project – Future payments relate to the achievement of clinical milestones or the payment of 
royalties. Diligence obligations are payable to BMS/Medarex should the project continue to 
commercialisation. $1,500,000 has been accrued in respect of diligence obligations due to Medarex. 

•  ACT D - Tiziana will need to make milestone payments of up to $630k depending on the issuance of a 

US patent from any US patent application in Transferred IP relating to nanoparticle formulations of Act D 
and upon the successful completion of a Phase II clinical efficacy trial. 

70 

TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES PLC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020