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UMB Financial

umbf · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2024 Annual Report · UMB Financial
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UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
(Mark One)
☒
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2024
OR
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the transition period from         to ___        
Commission file number: 001-38481
 
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Missouri
43-0903811
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1010 Grand Boulevard, Kansas City, Missouri
64106
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
 
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code): (816) 860-7000
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value
UMBF
The NASDAQ Global Select Market
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  ☒  Yes    ☐  No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  ☐  Yes    ☒  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  ☒  Yes    ☐  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  ☒  Yes    ☐  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated 
filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer
 ☒
  Accelerated filer
 ☐
Non-accelerated filer
 ☐
  Smaller reporting company
 ☐
 
   
  Emerging growth company
  ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to 
Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issues its audit report. ☒
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued 
financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant 
recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  ☐  Yes    ☒  No
As of June 30, 2024, the aggregate market value of common stock outstanding held by nonaffiliates of the registrant was approximately $3,711,510,639 based on the closing price of the registrant’s common stock on the 
NASDAQ Global Select Market on that date.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class
Outstanding at February 21, 2025
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value
72,591,166
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (the “Proxy Statement”) to be delivered to shareholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 29, 2025, are 
incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

INDEX
PART I
4
 
 
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
4
 
 
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
15
 
 
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
31
 
 
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY
31
 
 
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
33
 
 
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
33
 
 
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
33
 
 
PART II
34
 
 
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF 
EQUITY SECURITIES
34
 
 
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
35
 
 
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
36
 
 
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
63
 
 
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
71
 
 
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
140
 
 
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
140
 
 
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
142
 
 
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
142
 
 
PART III
143
 
 
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
143
 
 
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
143
 
 
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS
143
 
 
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
144
 
 
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
144
 
 
PART IV
145
 
 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
145
 
 
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
147
 
 
SIGNATURES
148
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY 
ACT OF 2002
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY 
ACT OF 2002
 


4
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
UMB Financial Corporation (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise, the Company) is a financial holding 
company that is headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri. The Company provides banking services and asset servicing to its customers in the United States and 
around the globe.
The Company was organized as a corporation under Missouri law in 1967 and is registered as a bank holding company under the Bank Holding 
Company Act of 1956, as amended (the BHCA) and a financial holding company under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, as amended (the GLBA). The 
Company currently owns all of the outstanding stock of one national bank and several nonbank subsidiaries.
On January 31, 2025, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of Heartland Financial USA, Inc., a Delaware corporation (HTLF), in an all-
stock transaction, issuing a total of 23.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock and 4.6 million depositary shares, each representing a 1/400th interest 
in a share of the Company’s 7.00% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A (the Company’s preferred stock). Pursuant to the 
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 28, 2024, (i) HTLF merged with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving 
corporation and (ii) one day after the closing date of the acquisition of HTLF by the Company, HTLF’s wholly owned bank subsidiary, a Colorado-chartered 
non-member bank (HTLF Bank), merged with and into UMB Bank, National Association, the Company’s national bank subsidiary (the Bank), with the Bank 
continuing as the surviving bank.
On April 29, 2024, the Company also announced that in connection with the execution of the merger agreement, it entered into a forward sale agreement 
with BofA Securities, Inc. or its affiliate to issue 2.8 million shares of its common stock.  The underwriters were granted an option to purchase up to an 
additional 420 thousand shares of the Company's common stock exercisable within 30 days of April 28, 2024.  The underwriters exercised this option in full on 
April 30, 2024, upon which the Company entered into an additional forward sale agreement relating to the 420 thousand shares of the Company's common 
stock.  The forward sale agreements entered into on April 28, 2024 and April 30, 2024 (collectively, the forward sale agreements) are classified as an equity 
instrument under ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity.  The Company expects to receive net proceeds of approximately $231.8 million from the sale 
of shares of common stock and settlement of the forward sale agreements.
The Bank has its principal office in Missouri and provides financial services primarily throughout the Midwestern and Southwestern regions of the 
United States. The Bank offers a full complement of banking products and other services to commercial, retail, government, and correspondent-bank customers, 
including a wide range of asset-management, trust, bankcard, and cash-management services.
The Company also owns UMB Fund Services, Inc. (UMBFS), which is a significant nonbank subsidiary that has offices in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, and Ogden, Utah. UMBFS provides fund accounting, transfer agency, and other services to mutual fund and alternative-investment 
groups.
Business Segments
The Company’s products and services are grouped into three segments: Commercial Banking, Institutional Banking, and Personal Banking. 
These segments and their financial results are described in detail in (i) the section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and 
Results of Operations entitled Business Segments, which can be found in Part II, Item 7 of this report and (ii) Note 12, “Business Segment Reporting,” in the 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, which can be found in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
Competition
The Company faces intense competition in each of its business segments and in all of the markets and geographic regions that the Company serves. 
Competition comes from both traditional and non-traditional financial-services providers, including banks, savings associations, finance companies, investment 
advisors, asset managers, 

5
mutual funds, private-equity firms, hedge funds, brokerage firms, mortgage-banking companies, credit-card companies, insurance companies, trust companies, 
securities processing companies, and credit unions.  Increasingly, financial-technology (fintech) companies are partnering with financial-services providers to 
compete with the Company for lending, payments, and other business. Many of the Company’s competitors are not subject to the same kind or degree of 
supervision and regulation as the Company. 
Competition is based on a number of factors.  Banking customers are generally influenced by convenience, interest rates and pricing, personal 
experience, quality and availability of products and other services, lending limits, transaction execution, and reputation. Investment advisory services compete 
primarily on returns, expenses, third-party ratings, and the reputation and performance of managers.  Asset servicing competes primarily on price, quality of 
services, and reputation.  The Company and its competitors are all impacted to varying degrees by the overall economy and health of the financial markets.  
The Company’s ability to successfully compete in its chosen markets and regions also depends on its ability to attract, retain, and motivate talented 
employees, to invest in technology and infrastructure, and to innovate, all while effectively managing its expenses.  The Company expects that competition will 
likely intensify in the future.
Human Capital
The Company is dedicated to creating the Unparalleled Customer Experience, and its associates are critical to achieving this mission. As part of the 
Company’s efforts to recruit and retain top talent, it strives to offer competitive compensation and benefits programs, while fostering a culture rooted in 
inclusion of a diverse mix of associates who are empowered to be part of something more. The Company believes its associates, customers, and communities 
mutually benefit by its focus on providing opportunities for its associates to make an impact at work and in their respective communities.  On a full-time 
equivalent basis at December 31, 2024, the Company and its subsidiaries employed 3,698 associates across the country. 
Compensation and Benefits Program. The Company’s compensation program is designed to allow it to attract, reward, and retain talented individuals 
who contribute significant value to the organization.  The Company’s compensation programs reward performance, reserving the highest rewards for the highest 
performers.  The Company’s incentive plans are intended to promote the interests of the Company and its shareholders by providing associates with incentives 
and rewards to encourage them to continue in service of the Company.  The Company provides employees with compensation packages that include base salary, 
annual short-term incentive bonuses, and long-term equity awards tied to management, growth, and protection of the business of the Company.  In addition to 
cash and equity compensation, the Company offers a robust benefits program that includes medical, dental, and vision insurance, health savings accounts and a 
variety of insurance options, including pet, life, and long-term care.  Additionally, the Company also offers associates benefits including paid time off, paid 
volunteer time off, paid parental leave, adoption assistance, a 401(k) plan, as well as profit sharing and an employee stock ownership plan. The Company strives 
to engage and encourage associates to act and take personal responsibility for improving their health and well-being, as well as the health and well-being of their 
families.  To assist associates with their goals, the Company offers wellness resources and incentives to support wellness strategies.  
Diversity and Inclusion. The Company believes that an equitable and inclusive environment with diverse teams produces more creative solutions, results 
in better products and services, and is crucial to its efforts to attract and retain key talent. The Company’s talent acquisition team focuses on building 
recruitment marketing strategies that are designed to identify and attract diverse candidates. The Company’s business resource groups (BRGs) also play a vital 
role in deepening the recruitment pipeline of diverse talent and refer candidates to the Company on a regular basis.  BRGs are structured to engage associates 
who share common interests, including associates from traditionally underrepresented groups.  Nearly 20% of the Company’s associates participate in one or 
more BRGs. 
Community Involvement. For more than a century, the Company has maintained a commitment to the prosperity of each community it serves.  In addition 
to providing financial products built for the needs of its customers, the Company builds strong community partnerships through associate volunteerism, 
associate financial giving, and corporate philanthropy.  The Company encourages associates to give back to their local communities through various programs 
and initiatives, including paid volunteer time off and matching charitable gift programs. 
For more information on the Company’s diversity and inclusion and community involvement initiatives, please see its Corporate Citizenship Report 
available at www.umb.com/corporatecitizenship.  Information on the 

6
Company’s website is not incorporated by reference into this report and should not be considered part of this document.
Government Monetary and Fiscal Policies
In addition to the impact of general economic conditions, the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition, capital, liquidity, and 
prospects are significantly affected by government monetary and fiscal policies that are announced or implemented in the United States and abroad.
A sizeable impact is exerted, in particular, by the policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Reserve Bank (the 
FRB), which, through the Federal Open Market Committee, influences monetary and credit conditions in the economy in pursuit of maximum employment and 
stable prices. Among the FRB’s policy tools are (1) open market operations (that is, purchases or sales of securities in the open market to adjust the supply of 
reserve balances in order to achieve targeted federal funds rates or to put pressure on longer-term interest rates in order to achieve more desirable levels of 
economic activity and job creation), (2) the discount rate charged on loans by the Federal Reserve Banks, (3) the level of reserves required to be held by 
depository institutions against specified deposit liabilities, (4) the interest paid or charged on balances maintained with the Federal Reserve Banks by depository 
institutions, including balances used to satisfy their reserve requirements, and (5) other deposit and loan facilities. 
The FRB and its policies have a substantial impact on the availability and demand for loans and deposits, the rates, and other aspects of pricing for loans 
and deposits, and the conditions in equity, fixed income, currency, and other markets in which the Company operates.  Policies announced or implemented by 
other central banks around the world have a meaningful effect as well and sometimes may be coordinated with those of the FRB.
Tax and other fiscal policies, moreover, impact not only general economic conditions but also give rise to incentives or disincentives that affect how the 
Company and its customers prioritize objectives, operate businesses, and deploy resources.
Regulation and Supervision
The Company is subject to regulatory frameworks in the United States at federal, State, and local levels. In addition, the Company is subject to direct 
supervision by various government authorities charged with overseeing the kinds of financial activities conducted by its business segments.
This section summarizes certain provisions of the principal laws and regulations that apply to the Company. The descriptions, however, are not complete 
and are qualified in their entirety by the full text and judicial or administrative interpretations of those laws and regulations and other laws and regulations that 
affect the Company.
Overview
The Company is a bank holding company that has elected to also become a financial holding company. As a result, the Company—including all of its 
businesses and operations—is subject to the regulation, supervision, and examination of the FRB and to restrictions on permissible activities. This framework of 
regulation, supervision, and examination is intended primarily for the protection and benefit of depositors and other customers of the Bank, the Deposit 
Insurance Fund (the DIF) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC), the banking and financial systems as a whole, and the broader economy, not 
for the protection or benefit of the Company’s shareholders or its non-deposit creditors.
Many of the Company’s subsidiaries are also subject to separate or related forms of regulation, supervision, and examination, including: (1) the Bank, by 
the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the OCC), the FDIC, and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the CFPB); (2) UMBFS, UMB Financial 
Services, Inc., and UMB Asset Management, LLC, by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) and State regulatory authorities, and UMB Financial 
Services, Inc., by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA); and (3) UMB Insurance, Inc., by State regulatory authorities. These regulatory 
schemes, like those overseen by the FRB, are designed to protect public or private interests that often are not aligned with those of the Company’s shareholders 
or non-deposit creditors.

7
The FRB possesses extensive authority to regulate and supervise the conduct of the Company’s businesses and operations. If the FRB were to take the 
position that the Company or any of its subsidiaries have violated any law or commitment or engaged in any unsafe or unsound practice, formal or informal 
corrective or enforcement actions could be taken by the FRB against the Company, its subsidiaries, and institution-affiliated parties such as directors, officers, 
and agents. These enforcement actions could include extensive and costly remediation requirements, an imposition of civil monetary penalties and could 
directly affect not only the Company, its subsidiaries, and institution-affiliated parties but also the Company’s counterparties, shareholders, and creditors and its 
commitments, arrangements, or other dealings with them. The OCC has similarly expansive authority over the Bank and its subsidiaries, as does the CFPB over 
matters involving consumer financial laws. The SEC, FINRA, and other domestic or foreign government authorities also have an array of means at their 
disposal to regulate, supervise, and enforce areas within their jurisdiction that could impact the Company’s businesses and operations.
Restrictions on Permissible Activities and Corporate Matters
Bank holding companies and their subsidiaries are generally limited to the business of banking and to closely related activities that are incidental to 
banking.
As a bank holding company that has elected to become a financial holding company, the Company is also able—directly or indirectly through its 
subsidiaries, other than the Bank—to engage in activities that are financial in nature, that are incidental to a financial activity, or that are complementary to a 
financial activity and do not pose a substantial risk to the safety or soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. Activities that are 
financial in nature include: (1) underwriting, dealing in, or making a market in securities, (2) providing financial, investment, or economic advisory services, (3) 
underwriting insurance, and (4) merchant banking.
The Company’s ability to, directly or indirectly, engage in these banking and financial activities is subject to conditions and other limits imposed by law 
or the FRB and, in some cases, requires the approval of the FRB or other government authorities. These conditions or other limits may arise due to the particular 
type of activity or, in other cases, may apply to the Company’s business more generally. Examples of the former are the substantial restrictions on the timing, 
amount, form, substance, interconnectedness, and management of the Company’s merchant banking investments. An example of the latter is a condition that, in 
order for the Company to continue to engage in broader financial activities, its depository institutions must remain “well capitalized” and “well managed” under 
applicable banking laws and must receive at least a “satisfactory” rating under the Community Reinvestment Act (the CRA). The FRB also has the power to 
require the Company to divest any depository institution that cannot maintain its “well capitalized” or “well managed” status.
The FRB maintains a targeted policy that requires a bank holding company to consult with the staff sufficiently in advance of (1) declaring and paying a 
dividend that could raise safety and soundness concerns (for example, a dividend that exceeds earnings in the period for which the dividend is being paid), (2) 
redeeming or repurchasing regulatory capital instruments when the holding company is experiencing financial weaknesses, or (3) redeeming or repurchasing 
common stock or perpetual preferred stock that would result in a net reduction as of the end of the quarter in the amount of those equity instruments outstanding 
compared with the beginning of the quarter in which the redemption or repurchase occurred.
Bank Acquisitions by the Company
The Company may acquire banks outside of its home State of Missouri, subject to limits and may establish new branches in other States to the same 
extent as banks chartered in those States. The Company must receive the prior approval of the FRB and possibly other government authorities to, directly or 
indirectly, acquire ownership or control of five percent or more of any class of voting securities of, or substantially all of the assets of, an unaffiliated bank, 
savings association, or bank holding company. In deciding whether to approve any acquisition or branch, the FRB, the OCC, and other government authorities 
will consider public or private interests that may not be aligned with those of the Company’s shareholders or non-deposit creditors.
The standards by which bank and financial institution acquisitions are evaluated have been undergoing review and change by the OCC, FDIC and the 
Department of Justice (the DOJ), but not by the FRB.  These reviews and changes were incorporated into non-binding guidance.  Whether and how the guidance 
might be further changed or interpreted is uncertain.  In September 2024, the OCC adopted a final rule and policy statement regarding its review of Bank 
Merger Act (BMA) applications for OCC-supervised institutions, including the Bank. The final rule removes the ability for BMA applicants to file a 
streamlined application form for certain types of acquisitions and 

8
removes the expedited review process for BMA applications. The policy statement provides 19 indicators of whether a BMA application is more or less likely to 
be approved by the OCC. The policy statement also provides heightened expectations around the existing statutory factors the OCC is required to consider in 
evaluating BMA applications. 
In September 2024, the DOJ withdrew its 1995 Bank Merger Guidelines and issued the 2024 Banking Addendum to 2023 Merger Guidelines (the 2024 
Banking Addendum). The DOJ clarified that it will assess competition considerations in connection with bank and bank holding company mergers using its 
2023 Merger Guidelines, which is the general merger review framework the DOJ now uses to evaluate transactions in all segments of the economy, and 2024 
Banking Addendum. The 2024 Banking Addendum provides guidance on how the DOJ will assess competition in the context of bank and bank holding 
company mergers. An analysis under the 2023 Merger Guidelines and 2024 Banking Addendum may include consideration of theories of harm and relevant 
markets not considered under the 1995 Bank Merger Guidelines, which focused primarily on concentrations of deposits and branches.
Acquisitions of Ownership of the Company
Acquisitions of the Company’s voting stock above certain thresholds are subject to prior regulatory notice or approval under federal banking laws, 
including the BHCA and the Change in Bank Control Act of 1978, as amended (the CIBCA). Under the CIBCA, a person or entity generally obtain non-
objection from the FRB before acquiring the power to vote 10% or more of any class of voting stock, including the Company’s common stock. Investors should 
be aware of these requirements when acquiring shares in the Company’s stock.
Requirements Affecting the Relationships among the Company, Its Subsidiaries, and Other Affiliates
The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank, UMBFS, and its other subsidiaries but receives the vast majority of its revenue in the 
form of dividends from those subsidiaries. Without the approval of the OCC, however, dividends payable by the Bank in any calendar year may not exceed the 
lesser of (1) the current year’s net income combined with the retained net income of the two preceding years and (2) undivided profits. In addition, under the 
Basel III capital-adequacy standards described below under the heading “Capital-Adequacy Standards,” the Bank is required to maintain a capital conservation 
buffer in excess of its minimum risk-based capital ratios and will be restricted in declaring and paying dividends whenever the buffer is breached. The FRB or 
the OCC could also limit the dividends that the Bank or the Company’s other subsidiaries may pay to the Company to prevent any unsafe and unsound practice.  
The Company is required by law to serve as a source of financial strength for its depository-institution subsidiaries and to commit resources to support 
those subsidiaries in circumstances when the Company might not otherwise elect to do so. 
A number of laws also exist to prevent the Company and its nonbank subsidiaries from taking improper advantage of the benefits afforded to the Bank as 
a depository institution, including its access to federal deposit insurance and the discount window. These laws generally require the Bank and its subsidiaries to 
deal with the Company and its nonbank subsidiaries only on market terms and, in addition, impose restrictions on the Bank and its subsidiaries in directly or 
indirectly extending credit to or engaging in other covered transactions, including certain derivatives and securities lending transactions, with the Company or 
its nonbank subsidiaries. 
In addition, under the Volcker Rule, the Company is subject to extensive limits on proprietary trading and on owning or sponsoring hedge funds and 
private-equity funds. The limits on proprietary trading are largely directed toward purchases or sales of financial instruments by a banking entity as principal 
primarily for the purpose of short-term resale, a benefit from actual or expected short-term price movements, or the realization of short-term arbitrage profits. 
The limits on owning or sponsoring hedge funds and private-equity funds are designed to ensure that banking entities generally maintain only small positions in 
managed or advised funds and are not exposed to significant losses arising directly or indirectly from them. The Volcker Rule also provides for increased capital 
charges, quantitative limits, rigorous compliance programs, and other restrictions on permitted proprietary trading and fund activities, including a prohibition on 
transactions with a covered fund that would constitute a covered transaction under Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. 

9
Stress Testing and Enhanced Prudential Standards
Under the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (EGRRCPA), bank holding companies with assets of less than $100 
billion, including the Company, are no longer subject to the requirement to conduct forward-looking, company-run stress testing, including publishing a 
summary of results.  The Company continues to run internal stress tests as a component of its comprehensive risk management and capital planning process.  In 
addition, EGRRCPA increased the statutory asset threshold above which the FRB is required to apply enhanced prudential standards from $50 billion to $250 
billion subject to certain discretion by the FRB to apply any enhanced prudential standard requirement to any bank holding company with between $100 billion 
and $250 billion in total consolidated assets that would otherwise be exempt under EGRRCPA.  The Company remains exempt from the FRB’s enhanced 
prudential standards but the Bank will become subject to the OCC’s guidelines that set expectations for the governance and risk management practices of large 
depository subject to its supervision with more than $50 billion in assets. The guidelines require such institutions to establish and adhere to a written governance 
framework in order to manage and control their risk-taking activities and to incorporate their risk appetite statement and concentration risk limits into capital 
and liquidity stress testing and planning processes. See “Regulation and Supervision—Safety and Soundness Guidelines” in Part I, Item 1 of this report for 
additional information regarding federal guidelines prescribing safety and soundness standards.
Capital-Adequacy Standards
The FRB and the OCC have adopted risk-based capital and leverage regulations that require the capital-to-assets ratios of bank holding companies and 
national banks to meet specified minimum standards. 
The risk-based capital ratios are based on a banking organization’s risk-weighted asset amounts (RWAs), which are generally determined under the 
standardized approach applicable to the Company and the Bank by (1) assigning on-balance-sheet exposures to broad risk-weight categories according to the 
counterparty or, if relevant, the guarantor or collateral (with higher risk weights assigned to categories of exposures perceived as representing greater risk) and 
(2) multiplying off-balance-sheet exposures by specified credit conversion factors to calculate credit equivalent amounts and assigning those credit equivalent 
amounts to the relevant risk-weight categories. The leverage ratio, in contrast, is based on an institution’s average on-balance-sheet exposures alone.
The capital ratios for the Company and the Bank as of December 31, 2024, are set forth below:
 
 
Minimum 
Regulatory 
Capital Ratio
   
Minimum Ratio 
Plus Capital 
Conservation 
Buffer
   
Well-
Capitalized 
Minimums
   
Actual
 
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
4.50 %    
7.00 %    
N/A %    
11.29 %
UMB Bank, n.a.
   
4.50  
   
7.00  
   
6.50  
   
11.47  
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
6.00      
8.50      
6.00      
11.29  
UMB Bank, n.a.
   
6.00      
8.50      
8.00      
11.47  
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio
 
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
8.00      
10.50      
10.00      
13.21  
UMB Bank, n.a.
   
8.00      
10.50      
10.00      
12.24  
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio
 
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
4.00    
N/A   
N/A     
8.50  
UMB Bank, n.a.
   
4.00    
N/A     
5.00      
8.52  
These capital-to-assets ratios also play a central role in prompt corrective action (PCA), which is an enforcement framework used by the federal banking 
agencies to constrain the activities of banking organizations based on their levels of regulatory capital.  Five categories have been established using thresholds 
for the total risk-based capital ratio, the tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, the common-equity tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, and the leverage ratio: (1) well 
capitalized, (2) adequately capitalized, (3) undercapitalized, (4) significantly undercapitalized, and (5) critically undercapitalized.  While bank holding 
companies are not subject to the PCA framework, the FRB is empowered to compel a holding company to take measures—such as the execution of financial or 
performance guarantees—when PCA is required in connection with one of its depository-institution subsidiaries. Failure to be well-capitalized or to meet 
minimum capital requirements could result in certain 

10
mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have an adverse material effect on the Company’s operations or 
financial condition. For example, “brokered deposits,” as defined by FDIC regulations, may only be accepted by well capitalized depository institutions without 
prior regulatory approval or, with a waiver from the FDIC, by adequately capitalized depository institutions. At December 31, 2024, the Bank was categorized 
as well capitalized under the PCA framework.
Basel III, including revisions to the global Basel III capital framework (commonly known as the Basel III endgame), includes a number of more rigorous 
provisions applicable only to banking organizations that are larger or more internationally active than the Company and the Bank.  These include, for example, a 
supplementary leverage ratio incorporating off-balance-sheet exposures, a liquidity coverage ratio, and a net stable funding ratio. These standards may be 
informally applied or considered by the FRB and the OCC in their regulation, supervision, and examination of the Company and the Bank. In July 2023, the 
federal banking agencies released a proposed rule to implement the Basel III endgame. If enacted as proposed, the proposal would significantly increase capital 
requirements for banking organizations with $100 billion or more in assets, which could indirectly impact smaller institutions, such as the Company and the 
Bank. It is uncertain if and when a final rule will be adopted, and if so, whether and to what extent it will differ from the Basel III Finalization Proposal. As a 
result, the timing and content of any final rule, and the potential effects of any final rule on the Company and the Bank, remain uncertain.
Deposit Insurance and Related Matters
The deposits of the Bank are insured by the FDIC in the standard insurance amount of $250 thousand per depositor for each account ownership category. 
This insurance is funded through assessments on the Bank and other insured depository institutions. Each institution’s assessment base is determined based on 
its average consolidated total assets less average tangible equity, and there is a scorecard method for calculating assessments that combines CAMELS (an 
acronym that refers to the five components of a bank’s condition that are addressed:  capital adequacy, asset quality, management, earnings, and liquidity) 
ratings and specified forward-looking financial measures to determine each institution’s risk to the DIF.
In response to the bank failures in early 2023, the FDIC implemented a special assessment to recover the losses to the DIF at an annual rate of 
approximately 13.4 basis points over eight quarterly collection periods, which began in 2024, and currently projects that the special assessment will be collected 
for an additional two quarters beyond the initial eight-quarter collection period, at a lower rate. The base for the special assessment is equal to an insured 
depository institution’s estimated uninsured deposits reported as of December 31, 2022, adjusted to exclude the first $5 billion. The FDIC may impose 
additional special assessments from time to time based on the actual losses incurred by the FDIC as a result of the March 2023 bank failures or future failures.
Resolution and Related Matters
If an insured depository institution such as the Bank were to become insolvent or if other specified events were to occur relating to its financial condition 
or the propriety of its actions, the FDIC may be appointed as conservator or receiver for the institution. In that capacity, the FDIC would have the power to (1) 
transfer assets and liabilities of the institution to another person or entity without the approval of the institution’s creditors, (2) require that its claims process be 
followed and to enforce statutory or other limits on damages claimed by the institution’s creditors, (3) enforce the institution’s contracts or leases according to 
their terms, (4) repudiate or disaffirm the institution’s contracts or leases, (5) seek to reclaim, recover, or recharacterize transfers of the institution’s assets or to 
exercise control over assets in which the institution may claim an interest, (6) enforce statutory or other injunctions, and (7) exercise a wide range of other 
rights, powers, and authorities, including those that could impair the rights and interests of all or some of the institution’s creditors. In addition, the 
administrative expenses of the conservator or receiver could be afforded priority over all or some of the claims of the institution’s creditors, and under the 
Federal Deposit Insurance Act (the FDIA), the claims of depositors (including the FDIC as subrogee of depositors) would enjoy priority over the claims of the 
institution’s unsecured creditors. 
The FDIA also provides that an insured depository institution can be held liable for any loss incurred or expected to be incurred by the FDIC in 
connection with another commonly controlled insured depository institution that is in default or in danger of default. This cross-guarantee liability is generally 
superior in right of payment to claims of the institution’s holding company and its affiliates.  
In June 2024, the FDIC released a final rule amending its requirements for insured depository institutions with more than $50 billion in assets to develop 
and submit plans demonstrating how they could be resolved in an orderly 

11
and timely manner in the event of receivership.  The Bank continues to evaluate the impact of this rule for when it becomes subject to its requirements.
Safety and Soundness Guidelines
The federal banking agencies have adopted guidelines prescribing safety and soundness standards relating to internal controls, risk management, 
information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth and compensation, fees and benefits.  
These guidelines in general require appropriate systems and practices to identify and manage specified risks and exposures.  The guidelines prohibit excessive 
compensation as an unsafe and unsound practice and characterize compensation as excessive when the amounts paid are unreasonable or disproportionate to the 
services performed by an executive officer or employee, director or principal shareholder.  In addition, the federal banking agencies have adopted regulations 
that authorize but do not require an agency to order an institution that has been given notice by the agency that it is not in compliance with any of the safety and 
soundness standards to submit a compliance plan.  If after being so notified, an institution fails to submit an acceptable compliance plan, the agency must issue 
an order directing action to correct the deficiency and may issue an order directing other actions of the types, including those that may limit growth or capital 
distributions.
Anti-Money Laundering Rules
The Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, (together, the BSA) and its implementing regulations require financial 
institutions, including banks and broker dealers, to, among other duties, implement and maintain an effective anti-money laundering (AML) compliance 
program and file suspicious activity and currency transaction reports when appropriate. 
The Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020, enacted on January 1, 2021 (AMLA), amends the BSA but does not directly impose new requirements on 
banks. AMLA requires the U.S. Treasury Department to, among other things, issue National Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of 
Terrorism Priorities and implementing regulations, and conduct studies and issue regulations that may, over the next few years, significantly alter certain due 
diligence, recordkeeping and reporting requirements that the BSA and its implementing regulations impose on banks. AMLA also contains provisions that 
increase penalties for violations of the BSA and includes whistleblower incentives, both of which could increase regulatory enforcement against banks. 
Implementation of AMLA is ongoing and is anticipated to impact the Bank’s AML compliance program.
In an effort to increase transparency in the U.S. financial system and prevent shell entities from being used to launder money or hide assets, AMLA 
includes the Corporate Transparency Act (the CTA), which requires the U.S. Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) to, 
among other things, establish a national beneficial ownership information registry. In September 2022, FinCEN issued the final Beneficial Ownership 
Information Reporting Requirements rule (the BOI Reporting Rule) which, effective January 1, 2024, requires certain “reporting companies” to file beneficial 
ownership information reports with FinCEN that will be stored in the national beneficial ownership registry and will detail the reporting company’s beneficial 
owners. In December 2023, FinCEN issued the final Beneficial Ownership Information Access and Safeguards rule—the second of three rulemakings that 
would implement the CTA—which governs access to the national beneficial ownership registry. FinCEN has not yet issued the third CTA-implementing 
regulation, which will amend the beneficial ownership requirements applicable to banks and other covered financial institutions under FinCEN’s existing 
Customer Due Diligence (CDD) rule. The constitutionality of the CTA is subject to ongoing litigation and it is not clear what impact the new rules will have on 
the Bank; however the Company’s compliance costs will likely increase as the Company develops enhanced CDD procedures and recalibrates customer 
information collection and reporting systems to effectively respond to the CTA’s new requirements. 
Violations of the BSA and its implementing regulations can result in substantial civil and criminal penalties, and the federal banking agencies are 
required to consider the effectiveness of a financial institution’s AML compliance program when reviewing bank mergers and bank holding company 
acquisitions. In addition to the federal banking agencies, FinCEN is authorized to impose significant civil monetary penalties for violations of the BSA and its 
implementing regulations and has recently engaged in coordinated enforcement actions with state and federal law enforcement agencies and banking regulators.

12
OFAC Regulation
The U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is responsible for administering U.S. economic sanctions, which can prohibit 
certain transactions with designated foreign countries, nationals and others.  OFAC-administered sanctions take on many different forms.  For example, 
sanctions may include: (1) restrictions on trade with or investment in a sanctioned country, including prohibitions against direct or indirect imports from and 
exports to a sanctioned country and prohibitions on U.S. persons engaging in financial transactions relating to, making investments in, or providing investment-
related advice or assistance to, a sanctioned country; and (2) blocking assets in which certain sanctioned foreign governments, entities or individuals have an 
interest, by prohibiting transfers of property subject to U.S. jurisdiction, including property in the possession or control of U.S. persons.  OFAC also maintains a 
list of designated persons, groups or entities that are the target of sanctions, including the “Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List.” The 
assets of designated persons, groups or entities are blocked and U.S. persons are generally prohibited from dealing with any such persons.  Moreover, blocked 
assets, for example property and bank deposits, cannot be paid out, withdrawn, set off or transferred in any manner without a license from OFAC.  If the 
Company finds a name on any transaction, account or wire transfer associated with a sanctioned person, the Company must freeze or block such account or 
transaction, file a blocked property report with OFAC and notify the appropriate authorities.  Failure to comply with U.S. economic sanctions could have serious 
legal and reputational consequences.
Data Privacy and Cybersecurity
Various federal, state and local laws, rules, regulations and standards contain extensive data privacy and cybersecurity provisions, and the legal and 
regulatory framework for data privacy and cybersecurity is in considerable flux and rapidly evolving. For example, current federal laws, rules, regulations and 
standards, including the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the “GLBA”), require financial institutions to, among other things, periodically disclose their privacy 
policies and practices relating to sharing personal information and enable retail customers to opt out of the Company’s ability to share such personal information 
with unaffiliated third parties under certain circumstances. Such laws and regulations also require financial institutions to implement a comprehensive 
cybersecurity program that includes administrative, technical and physical safeguards to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer records and 
information. An amendment to Regulation S-P, an implementing regulation promulgated under the GLBA, was adopted by the SEC on May 16, 2024 and 
requires broker dealers and registered investment advisers to, among other things, adopt and implement an incident response program as part of their formal 
cybersecurity policies and procedures and report data breaches to affected individuals whose sensitive customer information was, or is reasonably likely to have 
been, accessed or used without authorization within 30 days of becoming aware of such data breach. Other federal and state laws, rules, regulations and 
standards impact the Company’s ability to share certain information with affiliates and non-affiliates for marketing and/or non-marketing purposes, or to contact 
customers with marketing offers. Federal law also makes it a criminal offense, except in limited circumstances, to obtain or attempt to obtain customer 
information of a financial nature by fraudulent or deceptive means. The Company and its nonbanking subsidiaries are also subject to rules and regulations 
issued by the Federal Trade Commission, which regulates unfair or deceptive acts or practices, including with respect to data privacy and cybersecurity. 
Additionally, like other lenders, the Bank uses credit bureau data in its underwriting activities. Use of such data is regulated under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 
which also regulates reporting information to credit bureaus, prescreening individuals for credit offers, sharing of information between affiliates, and using 
affiliate data for marketing purposes. Similar state laws may impose additional requirements on the Company and its subsidiaries. The United States Congress 
also is considering, and may pass, additional data privacy and cybersecurity legislation, to which the Company may become subject if passed.
The enactment of the Cyber Incident Reporting for Critical Infrastructure Act (the “CIRCIA”) in 2022, once rulemaking is complete, will require, among 
other things, certain companies to report significant cyber incidents to the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Agency (the “CISA”) within 72 hours from the time 
the company reasonably believes the incident occurred (and within 24 hours of making a ransom payment as a result of a ransomware attack). On April 4, 2024, 
the CISA proposed a rule under the CIRCIA that would clarify the scope of cyber incidents to be reported and would further define covered entities subject to 
the CIRCIA to expressly include companies in the financial services industry that are required to report cyber incidents to their primary federal regulators.
The Bank is also subject to federal regulations that, among other things, require a banking organization to notify its primary federal banking agencies as 
soon as possible and within 36 hours after identifying a “computer-security incident” that has materially disrupted or degraded, or the banking organization 
believes in good faith is 

13
reasonably likely to materially disrupt or degrade, its business or operations in a manner that would, among other things, jeopardize the viability of its 
operations, result in customers being unable to access their deposit and other accounts, result in a material loss of revenue, profit or franchise value, or pose a 
threat to the financial stability of the United States financial sector. Additionally, the federal banking agencies, as well as the SEC and related self-regulatory 
organizations, regularly issue guidance regarding cybersecurity that is intended to enhance cyber risk management among financial institutions. 
Data privacy and cybersecurity are also areas of increasing state legislative focus. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018, as 
amended by the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 (collectively, the “CCPA”), among other things, broadly defines personal information and gives 
California residents the right to request access to or correct personal information collected about them, and whether that personal information has been sold or 
shared with others, the right to request deletion of personal information (subject to certain exceptions), the right to opt out of certain sharing and sales of their 
personal information, and the right not to be discriminated against for exercising these rights. The CCPA contains several exemptions, including that many, but 
not all, requirements of the CCPA are inapplicable to personal information that is collected, sold, disclosed or processed subject to certain federal laws, 
including the GLBA. The CCPA contemplates civil penalties of up to $2,500 for each violation and up to $7,500 for each intentional violation and includes a 
private right of action (permitting lawsuits to be brought by private individuals instead of the state Attorney General or other government actor for certain 
violations). Similar laws have been or may be adopted by other states where the Company does business or collects personal information. In addition, laws in all 
50 U.S. states generally require businesses to provide notice under certain circumstances to individuals whose personal information has been disclosed as a 
result of a data breach.
Broker Dealer and Investment Adviser Regulations
The Company’s broker dealer and investment adviser subsidiaries are subject to regulation by the SEC. FINRA is the primary self-regulatory 
organization for the Company’s registered broker dealer subsidiaries. The broker dealer and investment adviser subsidiaries also are subject to additional 
regulation by states or local jurisdictions. The SEC and FINRA have active enforcement functions that oversee broker dealers and investment advisers and can 
bring actions that result in fines, restitution, a limitation on permitted activities, disqualification to continue to conduct certain activities and an inability to rely 
on certain favorable exemptions. Certain types of infractions and violations also can affect the Company’s ability to issue new securities expeditiously. In 
addition, certain changes in the activities of a broker dealer require approval from FINRA, and FINRA takes into account a variety of considerations in acting 
upon applications for such approval, including internal controls, capital levels, management experience and quality, prior enforcement and disciplinary history, 
and supervisory concerns.
Other Regulatory and Supervisory Matters
As a public company, the Company is subject to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended (the Exchange Act), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and other federal and State securities laws. In addition, because the Company’s common stock is 
listed with The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (NASDAQ), the Company is subject to the listing rules of that exchange.
Under the CRA, the Bank has a continuing and affirmative obligation to help meet the credit needs of its local communities—including low- and 
moderate-income neighborhoods—consistent with safe and sound banking practices. The CRA does not create specific lending programs but does establish the 
framework and criteria by which the OCC regularly assesses the Bank’s record in meeting these credit needs. The Bank’s ratings under the CRA are taken into 
account by the FRB and the OCC when considering merger or other specified applications that the Company or the Bank may submit from time to time. Under 
the CRA, institutions are assigned a rating of “outstanding,” “satisfactory,” “needs to improve,” or “unsatisfactory.” The Bank received a “satisfactory” rating at 
its most recent CRA evaluation.
The Bank is subject as well to a vast array of consumer-protection laws, such as qualified-mortgage and other mortgage-related rules under the 
jurisdiction of the CFPB. For example, in December 2024, the CFPB issued a final rule that would become effective on October 1, 2025, which, if it goes into 
effect as currently issued, would include imposing certain requirements on overdraft fees, similar to those that apply to credit cards, unless the financial 
institution limits the overdraft fee to an amount that covers the institution’s costs and losses to provide the service or $5. In addition, the FRB has proposed, but 
not yet finalized, amendments to Regulation II that would lower the cap on debit interchange fees and institute a process for automatically recalculating the 
debit interchange fee cap every two years based upon a biennial survey of large debit card issuers. Lending limits, restrictions on tying 

14
arrangements, limits on permissible interest-rate charges, and other laws governing the conduct of banking or fiduciary activities are also applicable to the Bank.
Executive Officers of the Registrant.  The following are the executive officers of the Company, each of whom is appointed annually, and there are no 
arrangements or understandings between any of the executive officers and any other person pursuant to which such person was elected as an executive officer. 
Name
Age
Position with Registrant
 
 
 
R. Brian Beaird
51
Mr. Beaird has served as Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer since October 2019. Prior to this 
time, he served as Senior Vice President/Director of Associate Experience and Rewards, Director Compensation and 
Systems, Manager Bank Strategy and Administration, and Manager Commercial Strategy and Administration. Mr. 
Beaird held these positions from July 2018 until October 2019, August 2017 until July 2018, September 2015 until 
August 2017, and December 2011 until September 2015, respectively.
Amy Harris
39
Ms. Harris has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer since   January 2021. Ms. Harris served 
the Company as Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and Manager of Legal Operations from January 
2020 to January 2021. She also served as Corporate Legal Counsel for the Company from October 2014 to January 
2020. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Harris worked in private practice focusing on commercial, corporate and 
employment cases.  
Shannon A. Johnson
45
Ms. Johnson has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer since October 2019. Ms. 
Johnson’s previous positions with the Company include Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer; 
Senior Vice President, Executive Director of Talent Management and Development; and Senior Vice President, 
Director of Talent Management. Ms. Johnson held these positions from April 2015 to October 2019, May 2011 to 
April 2015, and December 2009 to May 2011, respectively.
J. Mariner Kemper
52
Mr. Kemper has served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since May 2004. From 
November 2015 until January 2024, he served as President of the Company. He served as the Chairman and Chief 
Executive Officer of the Bank between December 2012 and January 2014, and as the Chairman of UMB Bank 
Colorado, n.a. (a prior subsidiary of the Company) between 2000 and 2012. He was President of UMB Bank 
Colorado from 1997 to 2000.
Stacy King
49
Ms. King has served as Executive Vice President, Chief Risk Officer of the Company since March 2020. From May 
2019 until March 2020, she served as Senior Director, Operations Management – Benefit Accounts for Willis 
Towers Watson. Prior to that time, she served as Senior Vice President, Director Healthcare Operations & 
Compliance; Senior Vice President/Vice President, Director Healthcare Services Risk & Compliance for the Bank; 
Vice President, Compliance Manager – Bank Operations & Healthcare Services; and Compliance Analyst-Corporate 
Risk for the Company. Ms. King held these positions from September 2018 until May 2019, October 2015 until 
September 2018, August 2014 until October 2015, and September 2013 until August 2014, respectively.
Elizabeth Lewis
51
Ms. Lewis has served as President, Consumer Banking since April of 2024. She has also served as Chief Marketing 
Officer since May of 2023. Prior to this time, Ms. Lewis served as Senior Vice President with CommunityAmerica 
Credit Union, leading the retail and commercial banking line of business functions, and Senior Vice President, 
Commercial Banking Administration with Commerce Bank. She held these positions from January 2017 through 
May 2023, and from March 2008 through January 2017, respectively.
Phillip Mason
42
Mr. Mason has served as President of Institutional Banking for the Bank since April 2023.  He served as Director of 
Healthcare Services and Chief Operating Officer Institutional Banking for the Bank from November 2019 until 
March 2023 and as Chief Operating Officer Institutional Banking for the Bank from June 2015 to October 2019.  
Prior to this time, Mr. Mason served as Director of Relationship Management and Support Institutional Asset 
Management for the Bank beginning in 

15
 
 
April 2013. Mr. Mason first joined the Company in June of 2005, working in the corporate finance department in a 
variety of roles.
Nikki Newton
53
Mr. Newton has served as the President of Private Wealth Management of the Bank since May 2019. From January 
1998 until May 2018, Mr. Newton served in various capacities with Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc. or its subsidiary, 
Ivy Distributors, Inc, including most recently, serving as President of Ivy Distributors, Inc. and Ivy Global from 
August 2017 to May 2018, and Head of Global Distribution and President of Ivy Global from January 2014 to 
August 2017.
David C. Odgers
55
Mr. Odgers has served as Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer of the Company since January 2020, and 
as the Company’s Controller since January 2014.  Mr. Odgers was previously the Company’s Assistant Controller 
from January 2005 to January 2014.
John C. Pauls
61
Mr. Pauls served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of the Company and the 
Bank from June 2016 until his retirement in January 2025. Mr. Pauls served as interim General Counsel from April 
2016 until his full appointment in June 2016. He was with the Company for over 30 years, and served as a top legal 
advisor for the Company and the Bank for over 25 years.
James D. Rine
54
Mr. Rine has served as President of the Company since January 2024, and Vice Chairman of the Company since 
November 2020. He has additionally served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Bank since October 
2018. He served as President of Commercial Banking from December 2017 until October 2018 and as President of 
Commercial Banking/Western Region from October 2016 to December 2017. Prior to this time, Mr. Rine served as 
the President of the Kansas City Region since October 2011. Overall, Mr. Rine has over 20 years of commercial 
banking experience with the Bank.
Ram Shankar
52
Mr. Shankar was named as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company effective August 
2016. From September 2011 until his employment with the Company commenced, he worked at First Niagara 
Financial Group, most recently serving as managing director where he headed financial planning and analysis and 
investor relations. Prior to that, Mr. Shankar spent time at FBR Capital Markets as a senior research analyst and at 
M&T Bank Corporation in the financial planning measurement and corporate finance/mergers & acquisitions group.
Thomas S. Terry
61
Mr. Terry has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer since October 2019. From January 2011 
until October 2019, Mr. Terry served as Executive Vice President and Chief Lending Officer of the Company, and 
prior to this time, Mr. Terry served as Executive Vice President. Mr. Terry first joined the Company in 1986, and 
subsequently joined the Commercial Lending department in 1987 where he worked as a loan officer until 2011.
Uma Wilson
46
Ms. Wilson was named Executive Vice President, Chief Information and Product Officer in September 2021. 
Previously she served as Executive Vice President, Director of Bank Product, Treasury Management/Card Sales and 
Implementation and Executive Vice President, Director of Bank Product Group. Ms. Wilson held these positions 
from January 2020 to September 2021 and May 2015 to January 2020, respectively.
The Company makes available free of charge on its website at www.umb.com/investor, its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, 
proxy statements, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after it electronically files or furnishes such 
material with or to the SEC. Information on the Company’s website is not incorporated by reference into this report and should not be considered part of this 
document. These reports can also be found on the SEC website at www.sec.gov.  
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Financial-services companies routinely encounter and address risks and uncertainties. In the following paragraphs, the Company describes some of the 
principal risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect its business, results of operations, financial condition (including capital and liquidity), or prospects 
or the value of or return on an investment in the Company. These risks and uncertainties, however, are not the only ones faced by the Company. Other risks and 
uncertainties that are not presently known to the Company that it has failed to identify, or that it currently considers immaterial may adversely affect the 
Company as well. Except where otherwise noted, the 

16
risk factors address risks and uncertainties that may affect the Company as well as its subsidiaries. These risk factors should be read in conjunction with 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (which can be found in Part II, Item 7 of this report) and the Notes to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements (which can be found in Part II, Item 8 of this report). 
 
The levels of, or changes in, interest rates could affect the Company’s business or performance. The Company’s business, results of operations, and 
financial condition are highly dependent on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income on earning assets (such as loans and 
investments) and interest expense on deposits and borrowings. Net interest income is significantly affected by market interest rates, which in turn are influenced 
by monetary and fiscal policies, general economic conditions, the regulatory environment, competitive pressures, and expectations about future changes in 
interest rates. The policies and regulations of the federal government, in general, and the FRB, in particular, have a substantial impact on market interest rates. 
See “Government Monetary and Fiscal Policies” in Part I, Item 1 of this report, which is incorporated by reference herein.
 
The impact of interest rate changes on the Company’s funding costs may differ from some peers given the Company’s concentration of funding from 
commercial and institutional sources.  These deposits, which often include the benefit of other ancillary revenues, are generally more price-sensitive than 
consumer funding sources.  In a rising rate environment, the Company may experience a sharper decline in low-cost funding sources or an increase in cost of 
deposits due to its customer profile. However, the expectation of higher earning asset growth and the benefit of higher interest rates on our earning assets may 
help mitigate any impact.
 
The Company may be adversely affected by policies, regulations, or events that have the effect of altering the difference between long-term and short-
term interest rates (commonly known as the yield curve), depressing the interest rates associated with its earning assets to levels near the rates associated with 
its interest expense, or changing the spreads among different interest-rate indices. In addition, a rapid change in interest rates could result in interest expense 
increasing faster than interest income because of differences in the maturities of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Further, if laws impacting taxation and 
interest rates materially change, or if new laws are enacted, certain of the Company’s services and products, including municipal bonds, may be subject to less 
favorable tax treatment or otherwise adversely impacted.  For example, the federal government, in recent years, has taken steps to provide stability to and 
confidence in the financial markets, and these steps could affect the Company’s resource requirements in order to comply with updated laws.  The level of and 
changes in market interest rates—and, as a result, these risks and uncertainties—are beyond the Company’s control. The dynamics among these risks and 
uncertainties are also challenging to assess and manage. 
 
The Company’s customers and counterparties also may be negatively impacted by the levels of, or changes in, interest rates, which could increase the 
risk of delinquency or default on obligations to the Company. The levels of, or changes in, interest rates, moreover, may have an adverse effect on the value of 
the Company’s investment portfolio, which includes long-term municipal bonds with fixed interest rates, and other financial instruments, the return on or 
demand for loans, the prepayment speed of loans (including, without limitation, the pace of pay-downs expected or forecasted for commercial real estate and 
construction loans), the cost or availability of deposits or other funding sources, or the purchase or sale of investment securities. 
 
See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Interest Rate Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of this report for a discussion of how the 
Company monitors and manages interest-rate risk.
Weak or deteriorating economic conditions, geopolitical events, more liberal origination or underwriting standards, or financial or systemic 
shocks could increase the Company’s credit risk and adversely affect its lending or other banking businesses and the value of its loans or investment 
securities. The Company’s business and results of operations depend significantly on general economic conditions. When those conditions are weak or 
deteriorating in any of the markets or regions where the Company operates, or there are impacts stemming from geopolitical events, its business or performance 
could be adversely affected. The Company provides financial services primarily throughout the Midwestern and Southwestern regions of the United States. As 
the Company does not have a significant banking presence in other parts of the country, a prolonged economic downturn in these markets could have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. The Company’s lending and other banking businesses, in particular, are 
susceptible to weak or deteriorating economic conditions, including due to inflation, which could result in reduced loan demand or utilization rates and at the 
same time increased delinquencies or defaults. These kinds of conditions also could dampen the demand for products and other services in the Company’s 
investment-management, asset-servicing, 

17
insurance, brokerage, or related businesses. Financial markets and global supply chains may be adversely affected by the impact of military conflict, including 
the current conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, terrorism or other geopolitical events. Increased delinquencies or defaults could result as well from the 
Company adopting—for strategic, competitive, or other reasons—more liberal origination or underwriting standards for extensions of credit or other dealings 
with its customers or counterparties. Further, changes to U.S. global policy, including as it relates to tariffs, trade disputes and renewing trade agreements with 
various countries, could affect the Company’s results of operations. The global economy, the strength of the U.S. dollar, international trade conditions, and oil 
prices may ultimately affect interest rates, business import/export activity, capital expenditures by businesses, and investor confidence. Unfavorable changes in 
those factors may result in declines in consumer credit usage, increased delinquencies and defaults, and reduced loan demand. If delinquencies or defaults on the 
Company’s loans or investment securities increase, their value and the income derived from them could be adversely affected, and the Company could incur 
administrative and other costs in seeking a recovery on its claims and any collateral. Weak or deteriorating economic conditions also may negatively impact the 
market value and liquidity of the Company’s investment securities, and the Company may be required to record additional impairment charges if investment 
securities suffer a decline in value that is determined to have resulted from a credit loss.  In addition, to the extent that loan charge-offs exceed estimates, an 
increase to the amount of provision expense related to the allowance for credit losses would reduce the Company’s income. See “Quantitative and Qualitative 
Disclosures About Market Risk—Credit Risk Management” in Part II, Item 7A of this report for a discussion of how the Company monitors and manages credit 
risk. A financial or systemic shock and a failure of a significant counterparty or a significant group of counterparties could negatively impact the Company, 
possibly to a severe degree, due to its role as a financial intermediary and the interconnectedness of the financial system.
A meaningful part of the Company’s loan portfolio is secured by real estate and, as a result, could be negatively impacted by deteriorating or 
volatile real estate markets, the economic environment or associated environmental liabilities. At December 31, 2024, 51.9% of the Company’s aggregate 
loan portfolio—comprised of commercial real estate loans (representing 39.5% of the aggregate loan portfolio) and consumer real estate loans (representing 
12.4% of the aggregate loan portfolio)—was primarily secured by interests in real estate located in the States where the Company operates. Other credit 
extended by the Company may be secured in part by real estate as well.  Real estate values in the markets where this collateral is located may be different from, 
and in some instances worse than, real estate values in other markets or in the United States as a whole and may be affected by general economic conditions and 
a variety of other factors outside of the control of the Company or its customers. Any deterioration or volatility in these real estate markets could result in 
increased delinquencies or defaults, could adversely affect the value of the loans and the income to be derived from them, could give rise to unreimbursed 
recovery costs, and could reduce the demand for new or additional credit and related banking products and other services, all to the detriment of the Company’s 
business and performance. In recent years, commercial real estate markets have been particularly impacted by the economic and other disruptions resulting from 
the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. Repayment of commercial real estate, which typically involves higher loan principal amounts as compared to 
consumer real estate lending, is often dependent on the successful operation of the business conducted on the property securing the loans. Negative shifts in 
economic conditions can impact the borrower’s ability to pay. Failures in the Company’s risk management policies, procedures and controls could adversely 
affect its ability to manage this portfolio going forward and could result in an increased rate of delinquencies in, and increased losses from, this portfolio, which 
could negatively impact the Company’s operating and financial performance. In addition, if hazardous or toxic substances were found on any real estate that the 
Company acquires in foreclosure or otherwise, the Company may incur substantial liability for compliance and remediation costs, personal injury, or property 
damage.
Challenging business, economic, or market conditions could adversely affect the Company’s fee-based banking, investment-management, asset-
servicing, or other businesses. The Company’s fee-based banking, investment-management, asset-servicing, and other businesses are driven by wealth creation 
in the economy, robust market activity, monetary and fiscal stability, and positive investor, business, and consumer sentiment. Economic downturns, market 
disruptions, high unemployment or underemployment, unsustainable debt levels, depressed real estate markets, industry consolidations, or other challenging 
business, economic, or market conditions could adversely affect these businesses and their results. If the funds or other groups that are clients of UMBFS were 
to encounter similar difficulties, UMBFS’s revenue could suffer. The Company’s bank-card revenue is driven primarily by transaction volumes in business, 
healthcare, and consumer spending that generate interchange fees, and any of these conditions could dampen those volumes. Economic conditions can also 
reduce the usage of credit cards in general and the average purchase amount of transactions, which reduces interest income and transaction fees. Other fee-based 
banking businesses that could be adversely affected include trading, asset management, custody, trust, and cash and treasury management. In addition, 
legislative and regulatory changes could reduce the amounts 

18
and types of fees financial institutions may charge, including the FRB’s Regulation II on debit card interchange fees and the CFPB’s regulations on consumer 
protection, such as the CFPB late fee regulation.
Liquidity is essential to the Company and its business or performance could be adversely affected by constraints in, or increased costs for, 
funding.  The Company defines liquidity as the ability to fund increases in assets and meet obligations as they come due, all without incurring unacceptable 
losses.   Banks are especially vulnerable to liquidity risk because of their role in the maturity transformation of demand or short-term deposits into longer-term 
loans or other extensions of credit.  The Company, like other financial-services companies, relies to a significant extent on external sources of funding (such as 
deposits and borrowings) for the liquidity needed to conduct its business. A number of factors beyond the Company’s control, however, could have a 
detrimental impact on the availability or cost of that funding and thus on its liquidity. These factors include market disruptions, changes in its credit ratings or 
the sentiment of its investors, the state of the regulatory environment and monetary and fiscal policies, declines in the value of its investment securities, the loss 
of substantial deposits or customer relationships, financial or systemic shocks, significant counterparty failures, and reputational damage. Unexpected declines 
or limits on the dividends declared and paid by the Company’s subsidiaries also could adversely affect its liquidity position. While the Company’s policies and 
controls are designed to ensure that it maintains adequate liquidity to conduct its business in the ordinary course even in a stressed environment, there can be no 
assurance that its liquidity position will never become compromised. In the event that the Company’s current sources of liquidity do not satisfy its needs, the 
Company would be required to seek additional financing. The availability of such financing will depend on a variety of factors, such as market conditions, the 
general availability of credit to the financial services industry, new regulatory restrictions and requirements, and the Company’s credit ratings. See risk below 
“Regulatory or supervisory requirements, future growth, operating results, or strategic plans may prompt the Company to raise additional capital, but that capital 
may not be available at all or on favorable terms and, if raised, may be dilutive.” There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain financing at 
desirable terms or at all. In such an event, the Company may also be required to sell assets at a loss in order to continue its operations. This could damage the 
performance and value of its business, prompt regulatory intervention, and harm its reputation, and if the condition were to persist for any appreciable period of 
time, its viability as a going concern could be threatened. See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Liquidity Risk” in Part II, Item 7A 
of this report for a discussion of how the Company monitors and manages liquidity risk.
The Company’s investment-management and asset-servicing businesses could be negatively impacted by declines in assets under management 
or administration or by shifts in the mix of assets under management or administration.  The revenues of the Company’s investment-management 
businesses are highly dependent on advisory fee income.  These businesses generally earn higher fees on equity-based or alternative investments and strategies 
and lower fees on fixed income investments and strategies. Advisory-fee income may be negatively impacted by an absolute decline in assets under 
management or by a shift in the mix of assets under management from equities or alternatives to fixed income. Such a decline or shift could be caused or 
influenced by any number of factors, such as underperformance in absolute or relative terms, loss of key advisers or other talent, changes in investing 
preferences or trends, market downturns or volatility, drops in investor confidence, reputational damage, increased competition, or general economic conditions. 
Any of these factors also could affect clients of UMBFS, and if this were to cause a decline in assets under administration at UMBFS or an adverse shift in the 
mix of those assets, the performance of UMBFS could suffer.
To the extent that the Company continues to maintain a sizeable portfolio of investment securities, its income may be adversely affected and its 
reported equity more volatile, and the portfolio values may be adversely impacted by deterioration in the credit quality of underlying collateral within 
the various categories of investment securities it owns.  As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s securities portfolio totaled approximately $13.7 billion, 
which represented approximately 27.1% of its total assets.  Regulatory restrictions and the Company’s investment policies generally result in the acquisition of 
securities with lower yields than loans.  For the year-ended December 31, 2024, the weighted average yield of the Company’s securities portfolio was 2.96% as 
compared to 6.66% for its loan portfolio.  Accordingly, to the extent that the Company is unable to effectively deploy its funds to originate or acquire loans or 
other assets with higher yields than those of its investment securities, the Company’s income may be negatively impacted.  Additionally, approximately $7.8 
billion, or 56.9%, of the Company’s investment securities are classified as available for sale and reported at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses on these 
securities are excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income, which in turn affects the Company’s reported equity.  As a result, to the 
extent that the Company continues to maintain a significant portfolio of available-for-sale securities, its reported equity may experience greater volatility.

19
The Company generally invests in liquid, investment-grade securities; however, these securities are subject to changes in market value due to changing 
interest rates and implied credit spreads. While the Company maintains prudent risk management practices over bonds issued by municipalities and other 
issuers, credit deterioration in these bonds could occur and result in losses. Under accounting rules, when an available for sale debt security is in an unrealized 
loss position, the entire loss in fair value is required to be recognized in current earnings if the Company intends to sell the security or believes it is more likely 
than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before the value recovers. Additionally, the current expected credit losses (CECL) model utilized 
by the Company requires that lifetime expected credit losses on securities be recorded in current earnings. This could result in significant losses.
The Company may experience increases or fluctuations in delinquencies and credit losses, or the Company may incorrectly estimate expected 
losses, which could result in inadequate reserves. Like other lenders, the Company faces the risk that its customers will not repay their loans. A customer’s 
ability and willingness to repay can be adversely affected by decreases in the income of the borrower or increases in their payment obligations to other lenders, 
whether as a result of a job loss, higher debt levels or rising cost of servicing debt, inflation outpacing wage growth, or by restricted availability of credit 
generally. The Company may fail to quickly identify and reduce its exposure to customers that are likely to default on their payment obligations, whether by 
closing credit lines or restricting authorizations. The Company’s ability to manage credit risk also is affected by legal or regulatory changes (such as restrictions 
on collections, bankruptcy laws, minimum payment regulations and re-age guidance), competitors’ actions and consumer behavior, and depends on the 
effectiveness of its collections staff, techniques and models. 
Rising credit losses or leading indicators of rising credit losses (such as higher delinquencies, higher rates of nonperforming loans, higher bankruptcy 
rates, lower collateral values, elevated unemployment rates or changing market terms) may require the Company to increase its allowance for credit losses, 
which would decrease its profitability if it is unable to raise revenue or reduce costs to compensate for higher credit losses, whether actual or expected. In 
particular, the Company faces the following risks in this area: 
•
Missed payments: Customers may fail to make required payments on time and may default or become delinquent. Loan charge-offs (including 
from bankruptcies) are generally preceded by missed payments or other indications of worsening financial conditions for the Company’s 
customers. Historically, customers are more likely to miss payments during an economic downturn, recession, periods of high unemployment, or 
prolonged periods of slow economic growth. Customers might also be more likely to miss payments if the payment burdens on their existing debt 
grow due to rising interest rates, or if inflation outpaces wage growth.
•
Incorrect estimates of expected credit losses: The credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolios can have a significant impact on its earnings. 
The Company allows for and reserves against credit risks based on an assessment of expected credit losses in its loan portfolios. This process, 
which is critical to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, requires complex judgments, including forecasts of economic 
conditions. The Company may underestimate its expected credit losses and fail to hold an allowance for credit losses sufficient to account for 
these credit losses. Incorrect assumptions could lead to material underestimations of expected credit losses and an inadequate allowance for credit 
losses. See risk below “The Company’s selection of accounting methods, assumptions, and estimates could impact its financial statements and 
reported earnings.” 
•
Inaccurate underwriting: The Company’s ability to accurately assess the creditworthiness of its customers may diminish, which could result in an 
increase in credit losses and a deterioration of returns. 
•
Insufficient asset values: The collateral the Company has on secured loans could be insufficient to compensate it for credit losses. When 
customers default on their secured loans, the Company attempts to recover collateral where permissible and appropriate. However, the value of 
the collateral may not be sufficient to compensate the Company for the amount of the unpaid loan, and the Company may be unsuccessful in 
recovering the remaining balance from our customers. Decreases in real estate and other asset values adversely affect the collateral value for the 
Company’s commercial lending activities. Borrowers may be less likely to continue making payments on loans if the value of the property used 
as collateral for the loan is less than what the borrower owes, even if the borrower is still financially able to make the payments. In that 
circumstance, the recovery of such property could be insufficient to compensate the Company for the value of these loans upon a default.

20
•
Geographic and industry concentration: The regional economic conditions in any particular region may affect the demand for the Company’s 
products and services as well as the ability of its customers to repay their commercial real estate loans and the value of the collateral securing 
these loans. An economic downturn or prolonged period of slow economic growth in, or a catastrophic event or natural disaster that 
disproportionately affects a particular region in which the Company is more heavily concentrated could have a material adverse effect on the 
performance of the Company’s commercial real estate loan portfolio and its results of operations.
Cybersecurity incidents and other security breaches of the Company’s information technology systems, or the information technology systems 
of the Company’s third-party service providers or their third-party service providers, the Company’s counterparties, or in the business community 
may negatively impact the Company’s business or performance. In the ordinary course of its business, the Company collects, stores, and transmits sensitive, 
confidential, or proprietary data and other information, including intellectual property, business information, funds-transfer instructions, and the personally 
identifiable information of its customers and employees. The secure processing, storage, maintenance, and transmission of this information is critical to the 
Company’s operations and reputation, and if any of this information were mishandled, misused, improperly accessed, lost, breached, held hostage or stolen, or if 
the Company’s operations were disrupted, the Company could suffer significant financial, business, reputational, regulatory, or other damage.  Failures or errors 
in, or breach of the Company’s systems or networks, or those of its third-party service providers or their third-party service providers (collectively, third party 
service providers), or the Company’s counterparties, may expose the Company to litigation, disclosure requirements, remediation costs, increased costs for 
security measures, loss of revenue, regulatory scrutiny, governmental investigation and/or other actions, and other potential liability. For example, despite 
security measures, the Company’s or its third-party service providers’ information technology and infrastructure may be breached or rendered inaccessible due 
to a variety of factors, including from infrastructure changes or failures, introductions of new functionality, human or software errors, service failures, 
operational and technological outages, capacity constraints, loss or theft of assets, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, power outages, data breaches, cyber-
attacks, denial of service attacks, hacking, ransomware and other computer viruses or malware, or acts of misconduct through pretext calls, electronic phishing 
or other means, and, as a result, an unauthorized party may obtain access to the Company’s or its customers’ confidential, proprietary, personal, or sensitive 
data. These risks and uncertainties are rapidly evolving and increasing in complexity, and the Company’s failure to effectively mitigate them could negatively 
impact its business and operations.
Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently or may be designed to 
remain dormant until a predetermined event, and often are not recognized until launched against a target, the Company or its third-party service providers may 
be unable to anticipate or detect these techniques or implement adequate preventative or remedial measures. Though it is difficult to determine what harm may 
directly result from any specific interruption or data breach, any failure to maintain performance, reliability, security, and availability of the Company’s network 
infrastructure and the information processed thereby may harm the Company’s brand, its ability to retain existing customers and attract new customers, and its 
ability to operate.
Risks and exposures related to cybersecurity attacks, particularly for financial institutions, are expected to remain high for the foreseeable future due to 
the rapidly evolving nature and sophistication of these threats and the expanding use of technology-based products and services by the Company, its third-party 
service providers, and its customers. The Company can provide no assurances that the safeguards it or its third-party service providers have in place or may 
implement in the future will prevent all unauthorized infiltrations or breaches and that the Company will not suffer losses related to a security breach in the 
future, which losses may be material.
As noted above, third-party service providers also present a source of risk to the Company if their own security measures or other systems or 
infrastructure were to be breached or subject to another cybersecurity incident, rendered inaccessible or interrupted, experience an outage, downtime or 
degradation in service, or otherwise fail or experience adverse conditions (including conditions which interfere with the Company’s access to and use of such 
third-party services). The Company’s ability to monitor its third-party service providers’ cybersecurity practices is inherently limited. Although the agreements 
that the Company has in place with its third-party service providers generally include requirements relating to privacy, data protection and data security where 
and as appropriate, the Company cannot guarantee that such agreements will prevent a cyber incident impacting the Company’s systems or information or 
enable it to obtain adequate or any reimbursement from its third-party service providers in the event the Company should suffer any such incidents. In addition, 
due to applicable laws and regulations or contractual 

21
obligations, the Company may be held responsible for cyber incidents attributed to its third-party service providers as they relate to the information shared with 
them. 
Likewise, a cyber-attack, hacking incident, or other security breach affecting the business community, the markets, or parts of them may cycle or cascade 
through the financial system and adversely affect the Company or its service providers or counterparties. Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond the 
Company’s control. Any failure, attempted or successful data breach or other cybersecurity incident or significant disruption in the Company’s information 
technology infrastructure, or those of the Company’s third-party service providers, could lead to transaction delays, compromised cybersecurity or data, inability 
to access critical services, and a failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and standards governing financial transactions, data privacy, and 
cybersecurity. The consequences of such disruptions could be severe, resulting in financial losses, identity theft, loss of consumer trust, regulatory fines, 
monetary damages or other penalties or fines as well as a tarnished reputation among customers, partners and other third parties, any of which could adversely 
affect the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and future prospects. Although the Company believes it has appropriate measures in 
place to help manage the risk, there can be no guarantee that its efforts will be effective in preventing a material loss event. 
Even when an attempted cyber-attack, hacking incident or other security breach is successfully avoided or thwarted, the Company may need to expend 
substantial resources to avoid such breach, may be required to take actions that could adversely affect customer satisfaction or behavior, and may be exposed to 
reputational damage. Despite the Company’s efforts to safeguard the integrity of systems and controls and to manage third-party risk, the Company may not be 
able to anticipate or implement effective measures to prevent all security breaches or all risks to the sensitive, confidential, or proprietary information that it or 
its service providers or counterparties collect, store, or transmit. In some cases, the Company may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these 
performance problems immediately or in short order, and may face difficulties detecting, mitigating, remediating, and otherwise responding to any such issues.
The trading volume in the Company’s common stock at times may be low, which could adversely affect liquidity and stock price. Although the 
Company’s common stock is listed for trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the trading volume in the stock may at times be low and, in relative 
terms, less than that of other financial-services companies.  A public trading market that is deep, liquid, and orderly depends on the presence in the marketplace 
of a large number of willing buyers and sellers and narrow bid-ask spreads.  These market features, in turn, depend on a number of factors, such as the 
individual decisions of investors and general economic and market conditions, over which the Company has no control.  During any period of lower trading 
volume in the Company’s common stock, the stock price could be more volatile, and the liquidity of the stock could suffer.
The Company operates in a highly regulated industry, and its business or performance could be adversely affected by the legal, regulatory and 
supervisory frameworks applicable to it, changes in those frameworks, and other legal and regulatory risks and uncertainties. The Company operates in 
a highly regulated industry and is subject to expansive legal and regulatory frameworks in the United States—at the federal, State, and local levels—and in the 
foreign jurisdictions where its business segments operate.  In addition, the Company is subject to the direct supervision and examination of government 
authorities charged with overseeing the kinds of financial activities conducted by the Company in its business segments and the taxation of domestic companies.  
These legal, regulatory, and supervisory frameworks are designed to protect public or private interests, including protecting depositors and other customers of 
the Bank, the FDIC’s DIF and the banking and financial systems as a whole, that differ from the interests of the Company’s shareholders or non-deposit 
creditors. See “Government Monetary and Fiscal Policies” and “Regulation and Supervision” in Part I, Item 1 of this report, which is incorporated by reference 
herein.  
The Company believes that government scrutiny and the intensity of supervision of all financial-services companies has increased, fundamental changes 
have been made to the banking, securities, and other laws that govern financial services, and a host of related business practices have been reexamined and 
reshaped.  The Company also may face further government scrutiny due to the increased size of the Company’s business resulting from the acquisition of 
HTLF. See risk below “The future results of the Company following the acquisition of HTLF may suffer if the Company does not effectively manage its 
expanded operations.” As a result, the Company expects to continue devoting increased time and resources to risk management, compliance, and regulatory 
change management.  The legislative, regulatory, and supervisory environment is beyond the Company’s control, may change rapidly and unpredictably, and 
may negatively influence the Company’s revenue, costs, earnings, growth, liquidity and capital levels. For example, the Company is unable to predict what, if 
any, changes to the regulatory 

22
environment may be enacted by Congress or a new presidential administration and what the impact of any changes will be on the Company. Risks also exist that 
government authorities could judge the Company’s business or other practices as unsafe, unsound, or otherwise unadvisable and bring formal or informal 
corrective or enforcement actions against it, including fines or other penalties and directives to change its products or other services.  For example, the federal 
banking agencies regularly conduct examinations of the Company’s business. If, as a result of an examination, a banking agency were to determine that the 
financial condition, capital resources, asset quality, asset concentration, earning prospects, management, liquidity, sensitivity to market risk, consumer 
compliance, or other aspects of any of the Company’s operations has become unsatisfactory, or that the Company or the Company’s management is in violation 
of any law or regulation, it could take a number or different remedial actions as it deems appropriate. These actions include the power to enjoin “unsafe or 
unsound” practices, to require affirmative actions to correct any conditions resulting from any violation or practice, to issue an administrative order that can be 
judicially enforced, to direct an increase in the Company’s capital, to restrict the Company’s growth, to change the asset composition of the Company’s 
portfolio or balance sheet, to assess civil money penalties against the Company’s officers or directors, to remove officers and directors and, if it is concluded 
that such conditions cannot be corrected or there is an imminent risk of loss to depositors, to terminate the Bank’s deposit insurance. For practical or other 
reasons, the Company may not be able to effectively defend itself against these actions, and they in turn could give rise to litigation by private plaintiffs.  
Further, if the laws, rules, and regulations materially adversely affect the Company, including any changes that would negatively impact the tax treatment of the 
Company, the Company’s products and services or the Company’s shareholders, the Company may be adversely impacted.  All of these and other regulatory 
risks and uncertainties could adversely affect the Company’s reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition, or prospects.
Regulatory or supervisory requirements, future growth, operating results, or strategic plans may prompt the Company to raise additional 
capital, but that capital may not be available at all or on favorable terms and, if raised, may be dilutive. The Company is subject to safety-and-soundness 
and capital-adequacy standards under applicable law, which are subject to change, and to the direct supervision of government authorities. See “Regulation and 
Supervision” in Part I, Item 1 of this report. If the Company is not satisfying or is at risk of not satisfying these standards or applicable supervisory requirements
—whether due to inadequate operating results that erode capital, future growth that outpaces the accumulation of capital through earnings, or otherwise—the 
Company may be required to raise capital, restrict dividends, or limit originations of certain types of commercial and mortgage loans. If the Company is 
required to limit originations of certain types of commercial and mortgage loans, it would thereby reduce the amount of credit available to borrowers and limit 
opportunities to earn interest income from the loan portfolio.  The Company also may be compelled to raise capital if regulatory or supervisory requirements 
change and as a result of the acquisition of HTLF may face further government scrutiny due to the increased size of the Company’s business. In addition, the 
Company may elect to raise capital for strategic reasons even when it is not required to do so. 
The Company’s ability to raise capital on favorable terms or at all will depend on general economic and market conditions, which are outside of its 
control, and on the Company’s operating and financial performance.  Accordingly, the Company cannot be assured of its ability to raise capital when needed or 
on favorable terms.  An inability to raise capital when needed or on favorable terms could damage the performance and value of its business, prompt regulatory 
intervention, and harm its reputation, and if the condition were to persist for any appreciable period of time, its viability as a going concern could be threatened. 
If the Company is able to raise capital and does so by issuing common stock or convertible securities, the ownership interest of its existing stockholders could 
be diluted, and the market price of its common stock could decline.
The Company is subject to complex and evolving laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to privacy, data 
protection and data security, which may increase the Company’s costs of doing business and liability exposure. The Company is subject to a variety of 
complex and continuously evolving and developing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations regarding privacy, data protection and data 
security, including those related to the collection, storage, handling, use, disclosure, transfer, security and other processing of personal information. Compliance 
with such laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations may require the Company to incur significant compliance costs and/or require the 
Company to change its policies, procedures or operations, and failure to comply with such laws, regulations, rules, standards or contractual obligations could 
expose the Company to liability, including enforcement actions, fines, penalties and sanctions for non-compliance, governmental investigations and/or 
reputational damage, and of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

23
At the federal level, the Company is subject to the GLBA, which requires financial institutions to, among other things, periodically disclose their privacy 
policies and practices relating to sharing personal information and, in some cases, enables retail customers to opt out of the sharing of certain non-public 
personal information with unaffiliated third parties, among other laws and regulations. The Company is also subject to the rules and regulations promulgated 
under the authority of the Federal Trade Commission, which regulates unfair or deceptive acts or practices, including with respect to privacy and cybersecurity. 
Federal banking agencies also regularly issue guidance regarding cybersecurity intended to enhance cyber risk management standards among financial 
institutions. Moreover, the U.S. Congress is currently considering various proposals for more comprehensive privacy, data protection and data security 
legislation, to which the Company may be subject if passed.
State regulators have also been increasingly active in implementing privacy and cybersecurity laws, regulations, rules and standards. Several states, 
including states where the Company currently conducts, or may in the future conduct, business, such as California, Nebraska, Virginia and Colorado, have 
implemented, or are considering implementing, comprehensive data privacy and cybersecurity laws and regulations, including regulations requiring certain 
financial institutions to implement cybersecurity programs. For example, laws in all 50 U.S. states generally require businesses to provide notice under certain 
circumstances to individuals whose personal information has been disclosed as a result of a data breach. Certain state laws and regulations may be more 
stringent, broader in scope or offer greater individual rights with respect to personal information than federal or other state laws and regulations, and such laws 
and regulations may differ from each other, which may complicate compliance efforts and increase compliance costs. This trend of state-level activity is 
expected to persist and the Company is continually monitoring developments in the states in which the Company’s customers are located.
Further, the Company makes public statements about its use, collection, disclosure and other processing of personal information through its privacy 
policies, information provided on its website and press statements. Although the Company endeavors to comply with its public statements and documentation, 
and to ensure that such public statements and documentation are accurate, comprehensive and compliant with applicable laws, it may at times fail to do so or be 
alleged to have failed to do so. The publication of the Company’s privacy policies and other statements that provide promises and assurances about privacy, data 
protection and data security can subject the Company to potential government or legal action if they are found to be deceptive, unfair or misrepresentative of its 
actual practices. Additional risks could arise in connection with any failure or perceived failure by the Company, its service providers or other third parties with 
which the Company does business to provide adequate disclosure or transparency to individuals, including customers, about the personal information collected 
from them and its use, to receive, document or honor the privacy preferences expressed by individuals, to protect personal information from unauthorized 
disclosure, or to maintain proper training on privacy practices for all employees or third parties who have access to personal information in the Company’s 
possession or control.
The market price of the Company’s common stock could be adversely impacted by banking, antitrust, or corporate laws that have or are 
perceived as having an anti-takeover effect. Banking and antitrust laws, including associated regulatory-approval requirements, impose significant restrictions 
on the acquisition of direct or indirect control over any bank holding company, including the Company. Acquisition of ten percent or more of any class of 
voting stock of a bank holding company or depository institution, including shares of its common stock, generally creates a rebuttable presumption that the 
acquirer “controls” the bank holding company or depository institution and requires the acquirer to obtain the non-objection from the FRB under the CIBCA. 
Also, a bank holding company must obtain the prior approval of the FRB under the BHCA before, among other things, acquiring direct or indirect ownership or 
control of more than 5 percent of any class of voting stock of any bank, including the Bank. 
In addition, a non-negotiated acquisition of control over the Company may be inhibited by provisions of the Company’s restated articles of incorporation 
and bylaws that have been adopted in conformance with applicable corporate law, such as the ability to issue shares of preferred stock and to determine the 
rights, terms, conditions and privileges of such preferred stock without stockholder approval. If any of these restrictions were to operate or be perceived as 
operating to hinder or deter a potential acquirer for the Company, the market price of the Company’s common stock could suffer.
 The Company’s inability to adequately protect and maintain its intellectual property may increase the Company’s legal exposure and adversely 
impact its performance. The Company relies on a variety of measures to protect and enhance its intellectual property portfolio, including trademarks, trade 
secrets and restrictions on disclosure, and undertakes other measures to control access to and distribution of its proprietary and confidentiality information. 
However, such measures may not prevent misappropriation of the Company’s proprietary or 

24
confidential information or infringement, misappropriation or other violations of its intellectual property rights. Additionally, the Company’s competitors or 
other third parties may allege that the Company’s systems, processes or technologies (or that the Company’s use of its third-party service providers’ systems, 
processes or technologies) infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violation their intellectual property rights. If the Company’s intellectual property rights 
are infringed or misappropriated, or if the Company’s competitors or other third parties prevail in any intellectual property-related litigation against the 
Company, the Company could suffer a competitive disadvantage, be prevented from using technology important to its business for which there may be no 
appropriate alternative technology available at a commercially reasonable price or at all, lose significant revenues, include significant license, royalty, 
technology development or other expenses, or pay significant damages, all of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial 
condition and results of operations.
The Company’s business relies on systems, employees, service providers, and other third parties, and failures or errors by any of them or other 
operational risks associated with the Company’s reliance on third parties could adversely affect the Company. The Company relies on hosted and on-
premises systems, employees, service providers, and other third parties to properly oversee, administer, and process a high volume of transactions and otherwise 
support the Company’s day-to-day operations. This gives rise to meaningful operational risk—including the risk of fraud by employees or outside parties, 
unauthorized access to the Company’s premises or systems, errors in processing, failures of technology, breaches of internal controls or compliance safeguards, 
malware and other security or hacking incidents, inadequate integration of acquisitions, human or software errors, design or performance issues, capacity 
constraints or unexpected transaction volumes, unavailability of systems and services, including due to electrical or telecommunications outages, bad weather, 
acts of terrorism or the like, and other breakdowns in business continuity plans or acts of misconduct.
The Company relies on the business infrastructure and technology systems of third parties (and their supply chains) with which it does business and/or to 
whom it outsources the operation, maintenance and development of its key information technology and communications systems as well as other key 
components of its business operations. If the Company or its service providers fail to architect, administer or oversee such infrastructure or systems in a well-
managed, secure and effective manner, or if such infrastructure or systems become unavailable, are disrupted, fail to scale, do not operate as designed, or do not 
meet their service level agreements for any reason, the Company may experience unplanned service disruption or unforeseen costs which could result in 
material harm to the Company’s business and operations. The Company must successfully develop and maintain information, financial reporting, disclosure, 
privacy, data protection, data security and other controls adapted to the Company’s reliance on outside platforms and providers. The Company faces a risk that 
its third-party service providers might be unable or unwilling to continue to provide these or other services to meet its current or future needs in an efficient, 
cost-effective, or favorable manner or may terminate or seek to terminate their contractual relationships with the Company. In addition, service providers 
utilizing third-party technology or other intellectual property in connection with their provision of services may face allegations of misappropriation, misuse, 
infringement or other intellectual property rights violations, which could result in the Company losing access to such technology or services.  Any transition to 
alternative third-party service providers or internal solutions may be difficult to implement, may cause the Company to incur significant time and expense and 
may disrupt or degrade the Company’s ability to deliver its products and services. Thus, the infrastructure and systems that are outsourced to third-party service 
providers may increase the Company’s risk exposure.
The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect the Company. Adverse developments affecting the overall strength and 
soundness of other financial institutions, the financial services industry as a whole and the general economic climate and the U.S. Treasury market could have a 
negative impact on perceptions about the strength and soundness of the Company’s business even if the Company is not subject to the same adverse 
developments. In addition, adverse developments with respect to third parties with whom the Company has important relationships could also negatively impact 
perceptions about the Company. These perceptions about the Company could cause its business to be negatively affected and exacerbate the other risks that the 
Company faces.
The Company may be impacted by actual or perceived soundness of other financial institutions, including as a result of the financial or operational 
failure of a major financial institution, or concerns about the creditworthiness of such a financial institution or its ability to fulfill its obligations, which can 
cause substantial and cascading disruption within the financial markets and increased expenses, including FDIC insurance premiums, and could affect the 
Company’s ability to attract and retain depositors and to borrow or raise capital. For example, during 2023 the FDIC took control and was appointed receiver of 
Silicon Valley Bank, Signature Bank, and First Republic Bank. The failure of other banks and financial institutions and the measures taken by governments, 
businesses, and other 

25
organizations in response to those events could adversely impact the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company’s ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and commercial soundness of other financial 
institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated because of trading, clearing, counterparty and other relationships. The Company routinely executes 
transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including brokers and dealers, the FHLB, commercial banks, investment banks, payment 
processors, and other institutional clients, which may result in payment obligations to the Company or to its clients due to products it has arranged. As a result, 
defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry generally, have led to market-wide 
liquidity problems and losses of depositor, creditor, and counterparty confidence and could lead to losses or defaults by the Company or by other institutions. 
Many of these transactions expose the Company to credit and market risk that may cause its counterparty or client to default. In addition, the Company is 
exposed to market risk when the collateral it holds cannot be realized or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the secured obligation. 
Any losses arising from such occurrences could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition.
The Company is heavily reliant on technology, and a failure or delay in effectively implementing technology initiatives or anticipating future 
technology needs or demands could adversely affect the Company’s business or performance. Like most financial-services companies, the Company 
significantly depends on technology to deliver its products and other services and to otherwise conduct business. The financial services industry is undergoing 
rapid technological change with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. To remain technologically competitive and 
operationally efficient, the Company invests in system upgrades, new solutions, and other technology initiatives, including for both internally and externally 
hosted solutions.  Many of these initiatives are of significant duration, are tied to critical systems, and require substantial internal and external resources. 
Furthermore, to the extent these initiatives may implicate new technologies or solutions such as those related to artificial intelligence or automation, additional 
risk may be present. Although the Company takes steps to mitigate the risks and uncertainties associated with these initiatives, there is no guarantee that they 
will be implemented on time, within budget, or without negative operational or customer impact. The Company also may not succeed in anticipating its future 
technology needs, the technology demands of its customers, or the competitive landscape for technology. In addition, the Company relies upon the expertise and 
support of service providers to help implement, maintain and/or service certain of its core technology solutions.  If the Company cannot effectively manage 
these service providers, the service parties fail to materially perform, or the Company was to falter in any of the other noted areas, its business or performance 
could be negatively impacted.
Negative publicity outside of the Company’s control, or its failure to successfully manage issues arising from its conduct or in connection with 
the financial-services industry generally, could damage the Company’s reputation and adversely affect its business or performance. The performance 
and value of the Company’s business could be negatively impacted by any reputational harm that it may suffer. This harm could arise from negative publicity 
outside of its control or its failure to adequately address issues arising from its own conduct or in connection with the financial-services industry generally.  
Financial services companies are highly vulnerable to reputational damage when they are found to have harmed customers, particularly retail customers, through 
conduct that is seen as illegal, unfair, deceptive, abusive, manipulative, or otherwise wrongful. Risks to the Company’s reputation could arise in any number of 
contexts—for example, cyber incidents and other security breaches, mergers and acquisitions, lending or investment-management practices, actual or potential 
conflicts of interest, failures to prevent money laundering, corporate governance, and unethical behavior and practices committed by Company employees or 
competitors in the financial services industry.
In addition, the speed with which information spreads through news, social media and other sources, including on the internet, means that negative 
information about the Company can rapidly have a broadly adverse impact on its reputation. This is true whether or not the information is accurate. Once 
information has gone viral, it can be difficult to counter it effectively, either by correcting inaccuracies or communicating remedial steps taken for actual issues. 
The potential impact of negative information going viral and the ease with which customers transact means that material reputational harm can result from a 
single discrete or isolated incident.
The Company faces intense competition from other financial-services and financial-services technology companies, and competitive pressures 
could adversely affect the Company’s business or performance. The Company faces intense competition in each of its business segments and in all of its 
markets and geographic regions, and the Company expects competitive pressures to intensify in the future—especially in light of recent legislative 

26
and regulatory initiatives, technological innovations that alter the barriers to entry, current economic and market conditions, and government monetary and 
fiscal policies.  Competition with financial-services technology companies, or technology companies partnering with financial-services companies, may be 
particularly intense, due to, among other things, differing regulatory environments.  See “Competition” in Part I, Item 1 of this report. Competitive pressures 
may drive the Company to take actions that the Company might otherwise eschew, such as lowering the interest rates or fees on loans or raising the interest 
rates on deposits in order to keep or attract high-quality customers. These pressures also may accelerate actions that the Company might otherwise elect to defer, 
such as substantial investments in technology or infrastructure. The Company has certain businesses that utilize wholesale models which can lead to customer 
concentrations for those businesses that, if negatively impacted by new entrants, competitive pressures, or consolidations, could affect the Company’s fee 
income. Whatever the reason, actions that the Company takes in response to competition may adversely affect its results of operations and financial condition. 
These consequences could be exacerbated if the Company is not successful in introducing new products and other services, achieving market acceptance of its 
products and other services, developing and maintaining a strong customer base, or prudently managing expenses. See risk below “The financial services 
industry is rapidly evolving and the Company may not be successful in introducing new products or services on a large scale in response to these changes.”
The financial services industry is rapidly evolving and the Company may not be successful in introducing new products or services on a large 
scale in response to these changes. Technological changes continue to significantly impact the financial services industry. For example, the Company may be 
unsuccessful in deploying new technologies to strengthen its credit underwriting capabilities, enhance the effectiveness of its marketing efforts, enhance 
customer service, drive efficiencies in back-office functions or reduce fraud. The competitive mobile, e-wallet and tokenization spaces are expected to continue 
to bring risks and opportunities to digital banking business.
The process of developing new products and services or enhancing the Company’s existing products and services is complex, costly and uncertain. 
Difficulties or delays in the development, production, testing and marketing of new products or services may be caused by a number of factors including, among 
other things, operational, capital and regulatory constraints. The occurrence of such difficulties may affect the success of the Company’s products or services. 
Developing unsuccessful products and services could result in financial losses as well as decreased capital availability. In addition, the new products and 
services offered may not be adopted by consumers or financial institution customers. Also, the success of a new product or service may depend upon the 
Company’s ability to deliver it on a large scale, which may require a significant capital investment that it may not be in a position to make. If the Company is 
unable to successfully introduce and support new income-generating products and services while also managing expenses, it may impact its ability to compete 
effectively and materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company may not be able to successfully integrate HTLF or to realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of HTLF. Following 
consummation of the acquisition of HTLF, the Company began the process of integrating HTLF. A successful integration of its business with the Company will 
depend substantially on the Company’s ability to consolidate operations, corporate cultures, systems and procedures and to eliminate redundancies and costs. 
The Company may not be able to combine its business with the business of HTLF without encountering difficulties that could adversely affect the ability to 
maintain relationships with existing clients, customers, depositors and employees, such as:
•
the loss of key employees;
•
the disruption of operations and business;
•
inability to maintain and increase competitive presence;
•
loan and deposit attrition customer loss and revenue loss;
•
additional costs or unexpected problems with operations, personnel, third-party service providers, technology and credit;
•
inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies; and/or
•
problems with the assimilation of new operations, systems, sites or personnel, which could divert resources from regular banking operations.

27
Any disruption to the businesses could cause customers to remove their accounts and move their business to a competing financial institution. Integration 
efforts between the two companies may also divert management attention and resources. Additionally, general market and economic conditions or governmental 
actions affecting the financial industry generally may inhibit our successful integration of HTLF.
Further, the Company acquired HTLF with the expectation that the acquisition will result in various benefits including, among other things, benefits 
relating to enhanced revenues, a strengthened market position for the combined company, cross selling opportunities, technological efficiencies, cost savings 
and operating efficiencies. Achieving the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of HTLF is subject to a number of uncertainties, including whether the 
Company integrates HTLF in an efficient, effective and timely manner, and general competitive factors in the marketplace. Failure to achieve these anticipated 
benefits on the anticipated timeframe, or at all, could result in a reduction in the price of the Company’s common stock as well as in increased costs, decreases 
in the amount of expected revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy and could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, 
financial condition and operating results. Additionally, following consummation of the acquisition of HTLF, the Company made fair value estimates of certain 
assets and liabilities in recording the acquisition. Actual values of these assets and liabilities could differ from the estimates, which could impact regulatory 
capital ratios and result in the Company not achieving the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of HTLF. Finally, any cost savings that are realized may be 
offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.
The Company has incurred, and expects to continue to incur, significant transaction and acquisition-related costs in connection with the 
acquisition of HTLF. The Company has incurred, and expects to continue to incur, significant non-recurring costs associated with combining the operations of 
HTLF with its operations. These costs include legal, financial advisory, accounting, consulting and other advisory fees, severance/employment-related costs, 
public company filing fees and other regulatory fees, printing costs and other related costs. The Company has been collecting information in order to formulate 
detailed integration plans to deliver anticipated cost savings. Additional unanticipated costs may be incurred in the integration of the Company’s business with 
the business of HTLF, and there are many factors beyond the Company’s control that could affect the total amount or timing of integration costs. Although the 
Company expects that the elimination of duplicative costs, as well as the realization of other efficiencies related to the integration of the businesses, may offset 
incremental transaction and acquisition-related costs over time, this net benefit may not be achieved in the near term, or at all.
The dilution caused by the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with the merger may adversely affect the market 
price of the Company’s common stock. The Company issued approximately 23.6 million shares of common stock as merger consideration to HTLF 
stockholders, and assuming full physical settlement, the Company will issue 3.2 million shares of common stock pursuant to the forward sale agreements.  The 
dilution caused by the issuance of the shares of the Company’s common stock to HTLF stockholders in connection with the payment of the merger 
consideration may result in fluctuations in the market price of the Company’s common stock, including a stock price decrease.
The market price for the Company’s common stock following the acquisition of HTLF may be affected by factors different from those that 
historically have affected the Company’s common stock. Following the acquisition of HTLF, the Company is now subject to risks related to HTLF’s 
historical business and has taken on its loans, investments and other obligations. This increased the Company’s credit risk and, if such obligations are not repaid 
or losses are incurred on such obligations, there could be material and adverse effects on the Company’s business. Additionally, where the Company’s historical 
business and HTLF’s historical business overlap, any risks the Company faces may be increased due to the acquisition of HTLF. For example, HTLF’s loan 
portfolio has a large concentration of commercial real estate loans, which the Company has added to its existing portfolio. This may exacerbate the risks the 
Company already undertakes with its own historical portfolio comprised meaningfully of commercial real estate loans and may result in new ones. Additionally, 
the value of real estate can fluctuate significantly in a short period of time as a result of market conditions in any of the geographic bank markets in which such 
real estate is located, as well as because funds are advanced based on estimates of costs and the estimated value of the completed project and therefore have a 
greater risk of default in a weaker economy. Construction projects require prudent underwriting including determination of a borrower’s ability to complete the 
project, while staying within budget and on time in accordance with construction plans. Economic events, supply chain issues, labor market disruptions, and 
other factors outside the Company’s control, or that of the borrowers, could negatively impact the future cash flow and market values of affected properties.
The future results of the Company following the acquisition of HTLF may suffer if the Company does not effectively manage its expanded 
operations. As a result of the acquisition of HTLF, the size of the business of 

28
the Company will increase significantly. The Company’s future success will depend, in part, upon its ability to manage this expanded business, which may pose 
challenges for management, including challenges related to the management and monitoring of new operations and associated increased costs and complexity. 
The Company may also face additional regulatory requirements and scrutiny from governmental authorities as a result of the significant increase in the size of 
its business. The Company’s failure to meet such heightened expectations may expose it to regulatory enforcement actions and civil penalties which could have 
an adverse material impact on the Company’s business, financial condition, operations and reputation and could jeopardize the Company’s ability to pursue 
acquisition opportunities.
In addition, HTLF’s historical bank subsidiary (HTLF Bank) was a Colorado state-chartered non-member bank subject to primary federal bank 
regulatory oversight by the FDIC and state bank regulatory oversight by the Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies, Division of Banking, while the Bank 
is a national bank subject to oversight by the OCC. The laws, regulations, regulatory guidance and supervision applicable to HTLF Bank and the Bank therefore 
differ in ways that may affect the future operations of the Company following the acquisition of HTLF. 
Additionally, the internal policies of HTLF Bank and the Bank with regards to their investment portfolios may differ on factors such as hold limits per 
bond issuer, life of the bond, or credit risk appetite. As a result, there are assets on the balance sheet of HTLF Bank that the Bank does not hold, whether based 
on differences in regulatory oversight or internal policies. Further, the Company may replace such disposed assets with lower-yielding investments, any of 
which could impact its future earnings and return on equity.
There can be no assurances that the Company will be successful following the acquisition of HTLF or that it will realize the expected operating 
efficiencies, cost savings or other benefits currently anticipated from the acquisition of HTLF.
The Company’s internal controls, risk-management and compliance programs or functions may not be effective in identifying and mitigating 
risk and loss. The Company maintains standards on internal controls (including over financial reporting), and related disclosures which are regularly reviewed 
by management, as well as an enterprise risk-management program that is designed to identify, quantify, monitor, report, and control the risks that it faces. 
These include interest-rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk, operational risk, reputational risk, and compliance risk. The Company also maintains a 
compliance program to identify, measure, assess, and report on its adherence to applicable law, policies, and procedures. While the Company assesses and 
strives to improve these controls and programs on an ongoing basis, there can be no assurance that its frameworks or models for risk management, compliance, 
and related controls will effectively mitigate risk and limit losses in its business. If conditions or circumstances arise that expose flaws or gaps in the Company’s 
risk-management or compliance programs or if its controls break down, the performance and value of the Company’s business could be adversely affected. The 
Company could be negatively impacted as well if, despite programs being in place, its risk-management or compliance personnel are ineffective in executing 
them and mitigating risk and loss.
Some of the Company’s methods of managing risks are based upon use of observed historical market behavior, the use of analytical and/or forecasting 
models and management’s judgment. These methods may not accurately predict future exposures, which could be significantly greater than the historical 
measures or modes indicate. For example, credit risk is inherent in the financial services business and results from, among other things, extending credit to 
customers. The Company’s ability to assess the creditworthiness of its customers may be impaired if the models and approaches used to select, manage and 
underwrite consumer and commercial customers become less predictive of future charge-offs due to, for example, rapid changes in the economy.
If the Company’s subsidiaries are unable to make dividend payments or distributions to the Company, it may be unable to satisfy its obligations 
to counterparties or creditors or make dividend payments to its stockholders. The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from its bank and 
nonbank subsidiaries and depends on dividend payments and distributions from those subsidiaries to fund its obligations to counterparties and creditors and its 
dividend payments to stockholders. See “Regulation and Supervision—Requirements Affecting the Relationships among the Company, Its Subsidiaries, and 
Other Affiliates” in Part I, Item 1 of this report. Any of the Company’s subsidiaries, however, may be unable to make dividend payments or distributions to the 
Company, including as a result of a deterioration in the subsidiary’s performance, investments in the subsidiary’s own future growth, or regulatory or 
supervisory requirements. If any subsidiary were unable to remain viable as a going concern, moreover, the Company’s right to participate in a distribution of 
assets would be subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors (including, in the case of the Bank, its depositors and the FDIC).

29
An inability to attract, retain, or motivate qualified employees could adversely affect the Company’s business or performance.  Skilled 
employees are the Company’s most important resource, and competition for talented people is intense.  Even though compensation is among the Company’s 
highest expenses, it may not be able to locate and hire the best people, keep them with the Company, or properly motivate them to perform at a high level. 
Recent scrutiny of compensation practices, especially in the financial-services industry, has made this only more difficult. In addition, some parts of the 
Company’s business are particularly dependent on key personnel, including investment management, asset servicing, and commercial lending. If the Company 
were to lose and find itself unable to replace these personnel or other skilled employees, including as a result of the acquisition of HTLF, or if the competition 
for talent drove its compensation costs to unsustainable levels, the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial condition could be negatively 
impacted.
The Company is subject to a variety of litigation and other proceedings, which could adversely affect its business or performance. The Company 
is involved from time to time in a variety of judicial, alternative-dispute, and other proceedings arising out of its business or operations. Additionally, the 
Company may incur costs in connection with the defense or settlement of any shareholder or stockholder lawsuits filed in connection with the acquisition of 
HTLF. The Company establishes reserves for claims when appropriate under generally accepted accounting principles, but costs often can be incurred in 
connection with a matter before any reserve has been created. The Company also maintains insurance policies to mitigate the cost of litigation and other 
proceedings, but these policies have deductibles, limits, and exclusions that may diminish their value or efficacy. Despite the Company’s efforts to appropriately 
reserve for claims and insure its business and operations, the actual costs associated with resolving a claim may be substantially higher than amounts reserved or 
covered. Substantial legal claims, even if not meritorious, could have a detrimental impact on the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial 
condition and could cause reputational harm.
Changes in accounting standards could impact the Company’s financial statements and reported earnings. Accounting standard-setting bodies, 
such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board, periodically change the financial accounting and reporting standards that affect the preparation of the 
Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. These changes are beyond the Company’s control and could have a meaningful impact on its Consolidated 
Financial Statements. 
The Company’s selection of accounting methods, assumptions, and estimates could impact its financial statements and reported earnings. To 
comply with generally accepted accounting principles, management must sometimes exercise judgment in selecting, determining, and applying accounting 
methods, assumptions, and estimates. This can arise, for example, in the determination of the allowance for credit losses. Furthermore, accounting methods, 
assumptions and estimates are part of acquisition purchase accounting and the calculation of the fair value of assets and liabilities that have been purchased, 
including credit-impaired loans.  The judgments required of management can involve difficult, subjective, or complex matters with a high degree of uncertainty, 
and several different judgments could be reasonable under the circumstances and yet result in significantly different results being reported. See “Critical 
Accounting Policies and Estimates” in Part II, Item 7 of this report. If management’s judgments are later determined to have been inaccurate, the Company may 
experience unexpected losses that could be substantial. 
The Company’s ability to engage in opportunistic mergers and acquisitions is subject to significant risks, including the risk that government 
authorities will not provide the requisite approvals, the risk that integrating acquisitions may be more difficult, costly, or time consuming than 
expected, and the risk that the value of acquisitions may be less than anticipated. The Company may make opportunistic acquisitions of other financial-
services companies or businesses from time to time. These acquisitions may be subject to regulatory approval, and there can be no assurance that the Company 
will be able to obtain that approval in a timely manner or at all. Even when the Company is able to obtain regulatory approval, the failure of other closing 
conditions to be satisfied or waived could delay the completion of an acquisition for a significant period of time or prevent it from occurring altogether. In 
addition, regulatory authorities may impose conditions on the completion of the acquisition or require changes to its terms that materially affect the terms of the 
transaction or the Company’s ability to capture some of the opportunities presented by the transaction. Any failure or delay in, or imposition of conditions on, 
closing an acquisition could adversely affect the Company’s reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition, or prospects.
Moreover, the standards by which bank and financial institution acquisitions will be evaluated may be subject to change. For example, the OCC adopted 
a final rule in September 2024 amending its procedures for reviewing applications under the BMA and adding a policy statement on the OCC’s substantive 
approach to evaluating bank 

30
mergers under the BMA. The policy statement outlines the general principles the OCC will apply when reviewing bank merger applications and clarifies how 
the OCC would consider the statutory factors under the BMA. The policy statement identifies certain indicators that are more likely to withstand scrutiny and be 
approved expeditiously and those that would raise supervisory or regulatory concerns. Indicators generally consistent with timely approval, include, among 
others, appropriate capital and supervisory ratings, lack of enforcement or fair lending actions, lack of significant CRA or consumer compliance concerns or 
significant adverse effect on competition, and that the resulting institution would have total assets less than $50 billion, which the Company already exceeded 
prior to the acquisition of HTLF.
Additionally, acquisitions involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including lower-than-expected performance or higher-than-expected costs, 
difficulties related to integration, diversion of management’s attention from other business activities, changes in relationships with customers or counterparties, 
and the potential loss of key employees. An acquisition also could be dilutive to the Company’s current stockholders if preferred stock, common stock, or 
securities convertible into preferred stock or common stock were issued to fully or partially pay or fund the purchase price. The Company, moreover, may not 
be successful in identifying acquisition candidates, integrating acquired companies or businesses, or realizing the expected value from acquisitions. There is 
significant competition for valuable acquisition targets, and the Company may not be able to acquire other companies or businesses on attractive terms or at all.  
Further, the Company’s ability to complete future acquisitions may depend on factors outside its control, including changes in the presidential administration or 
in one or both houses of Congress. There can be no assurance that the Company will pursue future acquisitions, and the Company’s ability to grow and 
successfully compete in its markets and regions may be impaired if it chooses not to pursue, or is unable to successfully complete, acquisitions. 
The Company faces risks in connection with its strategic undertakings and new business initiatives. The Company is engaged, and may in the 
future engage, in strategic activities including acquisitions, joint ventures, partnerships, investments or other business growth initiatives or undertakings. There 
can be no assurance that the Company will successfully identify appropriate opportunities, that it will be able to negotiate or finance such activities or that such 
activities, if undertaken, will be successful. The Company is focused on its long-term growth and has undertaken various strategic activities and business 
initiatives, some of which may involve activities that are new to it. For example, in the future the Company may engage in or focus on new lines of business, 
financial technologies, and other activities that are outside of its current product offerings. These new initiatives may subject the Company to, among other 
risks, increased business, reputational and operational risk, as well as more complex legal, regulatory and compliance costs and risks. See risk above “The 
financial services industry is rapidly evolving and the Company may not be successful in introducing new products or services on a large scale in response to 
these changes.” Its ability to execute strategic activities and new business initiatives successfully will depend on a variety of factors. These factors likely will 
vary based on the nature of the activity but may include the Company’s success in integrating an acquired company or a new internally-developed growth 
initiative into its business, operations, services, products, personnel and systems, operating effectively with any partner with whom it elects to do business, 
meeting applicable regulatory requirements and obtaining applicable regulatory licenses or other approvals, hiring or retaining key employees, achieving 
anticipated synergies, meeting management's expectations, actually realizing the anticipated benefits of the activities, and overall general market conditions. The 
Company’s ability to address these matters successfully cannot be assured. In addition, its strategic efforts may divert resources or management's attention from 
ongoing business operations and may subject the Company to additional regulatory scrutiny and potential liability. If the Company does not successfully 
execute a strategic undertaking, it could adversely affect its business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation, or growth prospects. 
 
Expectations around Environmental, Social and Governance practices, as well as climate change, and related legislative and regulatory 
initiatives may result in additional risk and operational changes and expenditures that could significantly impact the Company’s business. Companies 
are facing increased scrutiny from customers, regulators and other stakeholders with respect to their environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices and 
disclosures. Institutional investors, and investor advocacy groups, in particular, are increasingly focused on these matters, and expectations in many of these 
areas can vary widely. For example, certain federal and state laws and regulations related to ESG issues may include provisions that conflict with other laws and 
regulations, which may increase the Company’s costs or limit the Company’s ability to conduct business in certain jurisdictions. In particular, there is an 
increasing number of state-level anti-ESG initiatives in the United States that may conflict with other regulatory requirements or the Company’s various 
stakeholders’ expectations. Such divergent, sometimes conflicting, views on ESG-related matters increase the risk that any action or lack thereof by the 
Company on such matters will be perceived negatively by some stakeholders. In addition, increased ESG related compliance costs could result in increases to 
the Company’s overall operational costs. Failure to adapt to or comply with regulatory 

31
requirements or investor or stakeholder expectations and standards, and fluctuations in or conflicts among these standards, could negatively impact the 
Company’s reputation, ability to do business with certain partners, and its stock price. New government regulations could also result in new or more stringent 
forms of ESG oversight and expanding mandatory and voluntary reporting, diligence, and disclosure.
 
In addition to regulatory and investor expectations on environmental matters in general, the current and anticipated effects of climate change are creating 
an increasing level of concern for the state of the global environment. As a result, political and social attention to the issue of climate change has increased. In 
recent years, governments across the world have entered into international agreements to attempt to reduce global temperatures, in part by limiting greenhouse 
gas emissions. The United States Congress, state legislatures and federal and state regulatory agencies have proposed and advanced numerous legislative and 
regulatory initiatives seeking to mitigate the effects of climate change. These agreements and measures may result in the imposition of taxes and fees, the 
required purchase of emission credits, and the implementation of significant operational changes, each of which may require the Company to expend significant 
capital and incur compliance, operating, maintenance and remediation costs. Given the lack of empirical data on the credit and other financial risks posed by 
climate change, it is impossible to predict how climate change may impact the Company’s financial condition and operations; however, as a banking 
organization, the physical effects of climate change may present certain unique risks to the Company. For example, weather disasters, shifts in local climates 
and other disruptions related to climate change may adversely affect the value of real properties securing the Company’s loans, which could diminish the value 
of the Company’s loan portfolio. Such events may also cause reductions in regional and local economic activity that may have an adverse effect on the 
Company’s customers, which could limit the Company’s ability to raise and invest capital in these areas and communities, each of which could have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
There are no unresolved comments from the staff of the SEC required to be disclosed herein as of the date of this report.
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY
Information security and privacy are an important part of the Company’s culture and foundational to its goal of delivering safe, secure and quality 
products and services. This philosophy is emphasized throughout the organization by its board of directors, senior leaders, officers, managers and associates to 
help promote a Company-wide culture of cybersecurity risk management. 
Further, the Company operates within the highly regulated financial services industry, which is focused on the security, confidentiality, integrity, 
availability and privacy of information and information systems. The standards of the SEC, the GLBA, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and the 
Federal Financial Institution Examination Council (FFIEC) outline specific requirements regarding cybersecurity and data privacy for publicly traded and 
financial services companies. The Company has established information security and privacy policies focused on protecting the security, confidentiality, 
integrity, availability and privacy of information, which policies are designed to be compliant with SEC, GLBA, GDPR, state privacy regulations and FFIEC 
guidance, as applicable, and incorporate principles from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and other industry best-practices where 
appropriate. The Company’s security and privacy practices are also subject to ongoing independent oversight by multiple regulatory bodies including the OCC 
and the FRB, independent audits such as SOC I and SOC II, independent penetration testing of internal and external systems, independent security attestations 
of compliance with the requirements of the Society of Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (SWIFT) and the Federal Reserve (FedLine), and 
independent assessments in connection with the Company’s Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) obligations, as applicable.  
 As a financial institution, the Company collects, stores, and transmits sensitive, confidential, and proprietary data and other information, including 
intellectual property, business information, funds-transfer instructions, payment card data, and the personally identifiable information of its customers and 
employees (Sensitive Information). Sensitive Information can be of significant value to criminal actors, and, as described in the Company’s Risk Factors, cyber 
incidents and other security breaches involving this information at the Company, at the Company’s service providers or counterparties, or in the business 
community or markets, may negatively impact the Company’s business or performance.

32
The board of directors of the Company has oversight responsibility for the risk management policies of the Company’s global operations and the 
operation of the Company’s global risk management framework. The Board Risk Committee, comprised entirely of independent directors, assists the board of 
directors with this responsibility by, among other things, approving and periodically reviewing the risk management policies of the Company’s global 
operations, including statements of risk appetite, and adapting the Enterprise Risk Management Policy, when and as appropriate, to changes in the Company’s 
structure, risk profile, complexity, activities, or size.  The combined Chief Information Security Officer and Chief Privacy Officer (CISO/CPO) supplies the 
Board, directly or through the Board Risk Committee, with regular reports, on at least a quarterly basis, on the operation of the information security and privacy 
components of this program, the related evolving risks to the Company’s businesses, and the controls and other mitigants utilized to manage those risks.  
Membership in the Board Risk Committee includes directors experienced at managing risk in various environments, including cybersecurity.  Their expertise 
helps inform the Company’s cybersecurity and privacy program.
Management is responsible for the daily assessment and management of cybersecurity risks. This is accomplished through a variety of tools and 
mechanisms. The Company has strategically integrated cybersecurity and privacy risk management into its broader risk management framework. This 
integration ensures that cybersecurity and privacy considerations are an integral part of the Company's decision-making processes at multiple levels. The 
Company has appointed a qualified CISO/CPO, who reports to the Chief Risk Officer (CRO) as part of independent risk management, who is responsible for 
establishing strategy and overseeing implementation of an integrated and proactive information security and privacy program. The CISO/CPO is also 
responsible for advising and partnering with the board of directors, management team, and lines of business to guide the management of cybersecurity, business 
continuity and resilience, physical information security, data privacy, third party and information governance risks. The CISO/CPO has more than two decades 
of global experience within the information security and privacy fields, a relevant bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution, and holds the National 
Association of Corporate Directors Directorship Certification (NACD.DC), Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) and Certified 
Information Privacy Professional (CIPP/US) designations. The CISO/CPO manages a team of qualified professionals with relevant cybersecurity and privacy 
experience and expertise. The Company has also established a Security, Technology, and Privacy Committee (STP) to oversee security, technology, and privacy 
capabilities and risks of the Company and its business.  The STP includes the CRO, CISO/CPO, leadership across the lines of business, and a cross-functional 
team of risk, technology, privacy and legal experts to ensure an appropriate focus on information security, technology and privacy matters.  The STP serves as a 
sub-committee of the Company’s Enterprise Risk Committee (ERC), which is a sub-committee of the Board Risk Committee.  The ERC is chaired by the CRO, 
and includes members of executive management and a cross-functional team of leaders experienced in managing risk.  The STP and ERC receive quarterly 
briefings from the CISO/CPO on a variety of topics, including material changes in information security or privacy laws, the Company’s ongoing information 
security posture and compliance, and emerging risks. Company management and its committees may also engage with the CISO/CPO to discuss and receive 
additional reports regarding cybersecurity and privacy risks on a more frequent basis as appropriate.
Key Program Components
The Company has a vulnerability management program designed to assess and manage risk associated with vulnerabilities in its information systems 
from multiple perspectives, including: (i) an adversarial cyber risk assessment that aims to identify threats, vulnerabilities and controls and (ii) the scanning of 
external and internal information systems to identify software vulnerabilities.  The vulnerability management program also assesses emerging and potential 
threats through dedicated threat intelligence capabilities that monitor attacks and breaches associated with financial institutions and key third-party service 
providers. The CISO/CPO utilizes the data to understand potential exposure to the Company and to take preventative action where appropriate. 
 The Company has an Incident Response Program (IRP) to support management of cybersecurity or privacy incidents, impact assessment (i.e., type and 
quantity of data impacted, materiality, etc.), and response coordination including with law enforcement and government agencies, and impacted parties. 
Notification procedures are aligned with applicable laws, regulatory and contractual requirements, including rules promulgated by the SEC, the GLBA, the 
GDPR and state privacy regulations. The Company’s IRP, led by the CISO/CPO, includes a cross-functional group of risk, technology, privacy and legal 
experts supplemented by third-party service providers, where necessary, to support the Company’s response to potential cybersecurity or privacy incidents. The 
IRP sets forth the framework to elevate cybersecurity or privacy issues to the CISO/CPO and when and how incidents are escalated and reported beyond the 
CISO/CPO, including to executive management and the Board Risk Committee.  Depending on the incident, escalation to the full board of directors may also 
occur.

33
 The Company has also implemented a third-party risk program to oversee and manage information security and privacy risks associated with third-party 
relationships. The program includes the assessment of third parties that provide key services or will access, store, process, or transmit Sensitive Information 
during initial onboarding and throughout the lifecycle of the relationship, and management of applicable contractual provisions relating to confidentiality, 
integrity, availability and privacy obligations, including notification of incidents. The Company also leverages third-party services for advice, assessments, 
auditing, testing and support related to cybersecurity and information technology processes and services, where appropriate, that are also subject to the third-
party risk program.
 Notwithstanding the breadth of the Company’s information security and privacy program, it may not be successful in preventing or mitigating a 
cybersecurity incident that could have a material adverse impact.  For a discussion of whether and how any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result 
of any previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including its business strategy, 
results of operations or financial condition, see Item 1A “Risk Factors”, which is incorporated by reference into this Item 1C.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company's headquarters building is located at 1010 Grand Boulevard in downtown Kansas City, Missouri.  The building opened in July 1986 and 
all 250,000 square feet are occupied by departments and customer service functions of the Bank, as well as administrative offices for the Company.  
Other main facilities of the Bank in downtown Kansas City, Missouri are located at 928 Grand Boulevard (215,000 square feet) and 1008 Oak Street 
(200,000 square feet).  The 928 Grand building houses administrative support functions for the Bank.  The 1008 Oak building, which opened during 1999, 
houses the Company’s operations and data processing functions.  
The Bank leases 48,771 square feet in the Hertz Building located at 2 South Broadway in the heart of the commercial sector of downtown St. Louis, 
Missouri.  This location has a full-service banking center and is home to administrative support functions for the Bank.  
The Bank also leases 34,681 square feet on the first, second, and fifth floors of the 1670 Broadway building located in the financial district of downtown 
Denver, Colorado.  The location has a full-service banking center and is home to operational and administrative support functions for the Bank.  
As of December 31, 2024, the Bank operated a total of 93 branches.
UMBFS leases 85,164 square feet at 235 West Galena Street in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, for its fund services operations.  Additionally, UMBFS leases 
18,655 square feet at 2225 Washington Boulevard in Ogden, Utah, and 8,339 square feet at 223 Wilmington West Chester Pike in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania. 
Additional information with respect to properties, premises and equipment is presented in Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” and 
Note 8, “Premises, Equipment, and Leases,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report, and is hereby incorporated by 
reference herein.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are named defendants in various legal proceedings.  In the opinion of management, 
after consultation with legal counsel, none of these proceedings are expected to have a material effect on the financial position, results of operations, or cash 
flows of the Company.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.

34
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY 
SECURITIES
The Company's common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Stock Market under the symbol "UMBF." As of February 21, 2025, the 
Company had 2,884 shareholders of record.  
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The following table provides information about common stock repurchase activity by the Company during the quarter ended December 31, 2024:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period
 
Total Number of Shares 
(or Units) Purchased (1)    
Average Price Paid per 
Share (or Unit)
   
Total Number of Shares 
(or Units) Purchased as 
Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans or 
Programs (2)
   
Maximum Number (or 
Approximate Dollar 
Value) of Shares (or 
Units) that May Yet Be 
Purchased Under the 
Plans or Programs
 
October 1 - October 31, 2024
   
—     $
—      
—      
1,000,000  
November 1 - November 30, 2024
   
—      
—      
—      
1,000,000  
December 1 - December 31, 2024
   
—      
—      
—      
1,000,000  
Total
   
—     $
—      
—    
   
(1) Includes shares acquired pursuant to the Company's share-based incentive programs. Under the terms of the Company's share-based incentive programs, the Company accepts previously owned 
shares of common stock surrendered to satisfy tax withholding obligations associated with equity compensation. These purchases do not count against the maximum value of shares remaining available 
for purchase under Repurchase Authorizations.
(2) Includes shares acquired under the Board of Directors approved Repurchase Authorization(s).
On April 30, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors (the Board) authorized the repurchase of up to one million shares of the Company’s common 
stock, which will terminate on April 29, 2025 (a Repurchase Authorization).  The Company has not made any repurchases other than through the Repurchase 
Authorization, but did acquire shares pursuant to the Company's share-based incentive programs. The Company is not currently engaging in repurchases.  In the 
future, it may determine to resume repurchases.  All share purchases pursuant to a Repurchase Authorization are intended to be within the scope of Rule 10b-18 
promulgated under the Exchange Act.  Rule 10b-18 provides a safe harbor for purchases in a given day if the Company satisfies the manner, timing and volume 
conditions of the rule when purchasing its own shares of common stock.  For discussion of management's intentions regarding dividends, see “Results of 
Operations” in Part II, Item 7 and “Liquidity Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of this report.
 
Performance Graph
The performance graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return on UMB Financial Corporation Common Stock with the cumulative 
total return on the equity securities of companies included in the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the S&P US BMI Banks Index, measured at the last 
trading day of each year shown. The graph assumes an investment of $100 on December 31, 2019 and reinvestment of dividends. The performance graph 
represents past performance and should not be considered to be an indication of future performance.
 

35
 
 
 
Index
 
2019
   
2020
   
2021
   
2022
   
2023
   
2024
 
UMB Financial Corporation
  $
100.00     $
102.64     $
160.16     $
128.18     $
131.02     $
179.94  
S&P US BMI Banks Index
   
100.00      
87.24      
118.61      
98.38      
107.32      
143.68  
S&P 500 Index
   
100.00      
118.40      
152.39      
124.79      
157.59      
197.02  
 
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

36
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis highlights the material changes in the results of operations and changes in financial condition for each of 
the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024.  It should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements, and other financial statistics appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Results of operations for the periods 
included in this review are not necessarily indicative of results to be attained during any future period.
CAUTIONARY NOTICE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
From time to time the Company has made, and in the future will make, forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking 
statements often use words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “target,” “trend,” “plan,” “goal,” or 
other words of comparable meaning or future-tense or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” or “could.” Forward-looking statements 
convey the Company’s expectations, intentions, or forecasts about future events, circumstances, results, or aspirations.
This report, including any information incorporated by reference in this report, contains forward-looking statements. The Company also may make 
forward-looking statements in other documents that are filed or furnished with the SEC. In addition, the Company may make forward-looking statements orally 
or in writing to investors, analysts, members of the media, or others.
All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to assumptions, risks, and uncertainties, which may change over time and many of which are 
beyond the Company’s control. You should not rely on any forward-looking statement as a prediction or guarantee about the future.  Actual future objectives, 
strategies, plans, prospects, performance, conditions, or results may differ materially from those set forth in any forward-looking statement. While no list of 
assumptions, risks, or uncertainties could be complete, some of the factors that may cause actual results or other future events, circumstances, or aspirations to 
differ from those in forward-looking statements include:
•
local, regional, national, or international business, economic, or political conditions or events;
•
changes in laws or the regulatory environment, including as a result of financial-services legislation or regulation;
•
changes in monetary, fiscal, or trade laws or policies, including as a result of actions by central banks or supranational authorities;
•
the pace and magnitude of interest rate movements;
•
changes in accounting standards or policies;
•
shifts in investor sentiment or behavior in the securities, capital, or other financial markets, including changes in market liquidity or volatility or 
changes in interest or currency rates;
•
changes in spending, borrowing, or saving by businesses or households;
•
the Company’s ability to effectively manage capital or liquidity or to effectively attract or deploy deposits;
•
changes in any credit rating assigned to the Company or its affiliates;
•
adverse publicity or other reputational harm to the Company;
•
changes in the Company’s corporate strategies, the composition of its assets, or the way in which it funds those assets;
•
the Company’s ability to develop, maintain, or market products or services or to absorb unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with those 
products or services;

37
•
the Company’s ability to innovate to anticipate the needs of current or future customers, to successfully compete in its chosen business lines, to 
increase or hold market share in changing competitive environments, or to deal with pricing or other competitive pressures;
•
changes in the credit, liquidity, or other condition of the Company’s customers, counterparties, or competitors;
•
the Company’s ability to effectively deal with economic, business, or market slowdowns or disruptions;
•
judicial, regulatory, or administrative investigations, proceedings, disputes, or rulings that create uncertainty for, or are adverse to, the Company 
or the financial-services industry;
•
the Company’s ability to address changing or stricter regulatory or other governmental supervision or requirements;
•
the Company’s ability to maintain secure and functional financial, accounting, technology, data processing, or other operating systems or 
facilities, including its capacity to withstand cyber-attacks;
•
the adequacy of the Company’s corporate governance, risk-management framework, compliance programs, or internal controls, including its 
ability to control lapses or deficiencies in financial reporting or to effectively mitigate or manage operational risk;
•
the efficacy of the Company’s methods or models in assessing business strategies or opportunities or in valuing, measuring, monitoring, or 
managing positions or risk;
•
the Company’s ability to keep pace with changes in technology that affect the Company or its customers, counterparties, or competitors;
•
mergers, acquisitions, or dispositions, including the Company’s ability to integrate acquisitions and divest assets;
•
the Company’s ability to complete the planned issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with the forward sale 
agreements; 
•
the Company’s ability to manage the expenses associated with the merger with HTLF and the impact these expenses may have on the Company’s 
financial results;
•
the benefits from the merger with HTLF may not be fully realized or may take longer to realize than expected;
•
the Company’s ability to promptly and effectively integrate the merger of HTLF;
•
the adequacy of the Company’s succession planning for key executives or other personnel;
•
the Company’s ability to grow revenue, control expenses, or attract and retain qualified employees;
•
natural disasters, war, terrorist activities, including instability in the Middle East and Russia's military action in Ukraine, pandemics, and their 
effects on economic and business environment in which the Company operates;
•
macroeconomic and adverse developments and uncertainties related to the collateral effects of the collapse of, and challenges for, domestic and 
international banks, including the impacts to the U.S. and global economies and reputational harm to the U.S. banking system; or
•
other assumptions, risks, or uncertainties described in the Risk Factors (Item 1A), Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations (Item 7), or the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Item 8) in this Annual Report on Form 10-K or 
described in any of the Company’s annual, quarterly or current reports.
Any forward-looking statement made by the Company or on its behalf speaks only as of the date that it was made. The Company does not undertake to 
update any forward-looking statement to reflect the impact of events, circumstances, or results that arise after the date that the statement was made, except as 
required by applicable securities laws. You, however, should consult further disclosures (including disclosures of a forward-looking nature) that the Company 
may make in any subsequent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Current Report on Form 8-K.

38
Results of Operations
Overview
 
The Company focuses on the following four core financial objectives.  Management believes these objectives will guide its efforts to achieve its vision, 
to deliver the Unparalleled Customer Experience, all while seeking to improve net income and strengthen the balance sheet while undertaking prudent risk 
management.
The first financial objective is to continuously improve operating efficiencies. The Company has focused on identifying efficiencies that simplify its 
organizational and reporting structures, streamline back-office functions and take advantage of synergies and newer technologies among various platforms and 
distribution networks.  The Company has identified and expects to continue identifying ongoing efficiencies through the normal course of business that, when 
combined with increased revenue, will contribute to improved operating leverage.  For 2024, total revenue increased 11.4%, and noninterest expense increased 
2.8%, as compared to the previous year.  The Company continues to invest in technological advances that it believes will help management drive operating 
leverage in the future through improved data analysis and automation. The Company also continues to evaluate core systems and will invest in enhancements 
that it believes will yield operating efficiencies.
The second financial objective is to increase net interest income through profitable loan and deposit growth and the optimization of the balance sheet.  
For 2024, net interest income increased $80.8 million, or 8.8%, as compared to the previous year. The Company has shown increased net interest income 
through the effects of increased volume and mix of average earning assets, coupled with higher interest rates.  This increase was partially offset by higher 
interest-bearing deposit rates.  Average earning assets increased $3.3 billion, or 8.9%, compared to 2023.  Average loan balances increased $1.9 billion, coupled 
with an increase in average interest-bearing due from banks of $1.4 billion from the prior year.  The funding for these assets was driven primarily by a 19.4% 
increase in average interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by a 37.4% decrease in average borrowed funds and a decrease of 5.3% in noninterest-bearing 
deposits.  Net interest margin, on a fully tax-equivalent (FTE) basis, decreased one basis point compared to the same period in 2023 in large part due to 
repricing and mix changes of interest-bearing liabilities with the changes in short-term interest rates, partially offset by the repricing of earning assets.  Net 
interest spread contracted by three basis points during the same period.
The third financial objective is to grow the Company’s revenue from noninterest sources.  The Company seeks to grow noninterest revenues throughout 
all economic and interest rate cycles, while positioning itself to benefit in periods of economic growth.  Noninterest income increased $86.3 million, or 15.9%, 
to $628.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023.  The increase in 2024 was driven by increased trust and 
securities processing income, other miscellaneous income, investment securities gains, net, and bankcard income.  These changes are discussed in greater detail 
below under Noninterest income. For the year ended December 31, 2024, noninterest income represented 38.6% of total revenues, as compared to 37.1% for 
2023.
The fourth financial objective is effective capital management.  The Company places a significant emphasis on maintaining a strong capital position, 
which management believes promotes investor confidence, provides access to funding sources under favorable terms, and enhances the Company’s ability to 
capitalize on business growth and acquisition opportunities. The Company continues to maximize shareholder value through a mix of reinvesting in organic 
growth, evaluating acquisition opportunities that complement the Company’s strategies, increasing dividends over time, and appropriately utilizing a share 
repurchase program.  At December 31, 2024, the Company had a total risk-based capital ratio of 13.21% and $3.5 billion in total shareholders’ equity, an 
increase of $366.1 million, or 11.8%, compared to total shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2023.  The Company did not repurchase shares of common stock 
during 2024 except for shares acquired pursuant to the Company's share-based incentive programs. In 2024, the Company declared $77.1 million in dividends, 
which represents a 2.4% increase compared to dividends declared during 2023.
Earnings Summary
The Company recorded consolidated net income of $441.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.  This represents a 26.1% increase over 2023.  
Net income for 2023 was $350.0 million, or a decrease of 18.9% compared to 2022.  Basic earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2024, were 
$9.05 per share compared to $7.22 per share in 2023, an increase of 25.3%.  Basic earnings per share were $8.93 per share in 2022, or a decrease of 19.1% from 
2022 to 2023. Fully diluted earnings per share increased 25.2% from 2023 to 2024 and decreased 19.0% from 2022 to 2023.  Return on average assets and 
return on average common shareholder’s equity 

39
for the year ended December 31, 2024 were 1.02% and 13.24%, respectively, compared to 0.88% and 12.23%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 
2023.  Return on average assets and return on average common shareholder’s equity for the year ended December 31, 2022 were 1.15% and 15.83%, 
respectively.
The Company’s net interest income increased to $1.0 billion in 2024 compared to $920.1 million in 2023 and $913.8 million in 2022.  In total, net 
interest income increased $80.8 million, as compared to 2023, primarily driven by a favorable volume variance of $88.5 million, offset by a $7.7 million rate 
variance.  See Table 2.  The favorable volume variance on earning assets was predominantly driven by an increase of $3.3 billion, or 8.9%, in average earning 
assets.  In 2024, average loan balances increased $1.9 billion, coupled with an increase in average interest-bearing due from banks of $1.4 billion as compared 
to 2023.  Net interest margin, on an FTE basis, decreased to 2.51% for 2024, compared to 2.52% for the same period in 2023, driven by repricing and mix 
changes of interest-bearing liabilities with the changes in short-term interest rates, partially offset by the repricing of earning assets.  Net interest spread 
contracted by three basis points during the same period.  The Company has seen a small increase in the benefit from interest-free funds as compared to 2023 
driven by the changes in short-term interest rates. The impact of this benefit increased two basis points compared to 2023 and is illustrated on Table 3.  The 
magnitude and duration of this impact will be largely dependent upon the FRB’s policy decisions and market movements. See Table 21 in Item 7A for an 
illustration of the impact of an interest rate increase or decrease on net interest income as of December 31, 2024.
The provision for credit losses totaled $61.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, which is an increase of $19.8 million, or 48.1%, compared to 
the same period in 2023.  This change is driven by impacts of loan growth, portfolio metric changes, and changes in macro-economic metrics in the current 
period as compared to the prior period. See further discussion in “Provision and Allowance for Credit Losses” in this report.   
The Company had an increase of $86.3 million, or 15.9%, in noninterest income in 2024, as compared to 2023, and a decrease of $12.4 million, or 2.2%, 
in 2023, compared to 2022.  The increase in 2024 is primarily driven by increased trust and securities processing of $33.4 million, increased other income of 
$14.1 million, increased investment securities gains, net of $13.9 million, and increased bankcard fees of $13.1 million.  The decrease in 2023 is primarily 
driven by decreased investment securities gains, net of $61.6 million, partially offset by an increase in trust and securities processing of $20.0 million and other 
income of $21.0 million.  The change in noninterest income in 2024 from 2023, and 2023 from 2022 is illustrated in Table 6.
Noninterest expense increased in 2024 by $27.5 million, or 2.8%, compared to 2023 and increased by $101.0 million, or 11.2%, in 2023 compared to 
2022.  The increase in 2024 is primarily driven by increases in salaries and employee benefit expense of $40.5 million, increased legal and consulting fees of 
$16.2 million, increased processing fees of $14.8 million, and increased bankcard expense of $11.3 million, partially offset by decreased regulatory fees of 
$45.1 million related to the FDIC special assessment.  The increase in 2023 is primarily driven by the FDIC special assessment of $52.8 million, and increases 
in salaries and employee benefits expense and processing fees.  The increase in noninterest expense in 2024 from 2023, and 2023 from 2022 is illustrated in 
Table 7 and below under Noninterest Expense.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income is a significant source of the Company’s earnings and represents the amount by which interest income on earning assets exceeds the 
interest expense paid on liabilities.  The volume of interest earning-assets and the related funding sources, the overall mix of these assets and liabilities, and the 
interest rates paid on each affect net interest income.  Table 2 summarizes the change in net interest income resulting from changes in volume and rates for 
2024, 2023 and 2022.  
Net interest margin, presented in Table 1, is calculated as net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis as a percentage of average earning assets.  
Net interest income is presented on a tax-equivalent basis to adjust for the tax-exempt status of earnings from certain loans and investments, which are primarily 
obligations of state and local governments.  A critical component of net interest income and related net interest margin is the percentage of earning assets 
funded by interest-free sources.  Table 3 analyzes net interest margin for the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.  Net interest income, 
average balance sheet amounts and the corresponding yields earned and rates paid for the years 2022 through 2024 are presented in Table 1 below.
The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the average earning assets and resulting yields, as well as the average interest-bearing liabilities 
and resulting yields, expressed in both dollars and rates.

40
Table 1
THREE YEAR AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS/YIELDS AND RATES (tax-equivalent basis)
(in millions) 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
 
 
Average 
Balance
   
Interest 
Income/ 
Expense 
   
Rate Earned/ 
Paid 
   
Average 
Balance
   
Interest 
Income/ 
Expense 
   
Rate Earned/ 
Paid 
 
ASSETS
 
     
    
     
     
    
 
 
Loans and loans held for sale (FTE) 
  $
24,212.6     $
1,613.2      
6.66 %   $
22,337.1     $
1,400.2      
6.27 %
Securities:
 
     
    
     
     
    
 
 
Taxable
   
9,290.8      
257.6      
2.77  
   
9,097.1      
215.0      
2.36  
Tax-exempt (FTE)
   
3,634.6      
124.9      
3.44  
   
3,790.9      
128.2      
3.38  
Total securities
   
12,925.4      
382.5      
2.96  
   
12,888.0      
343.2      
2.66  
Federal funds sold and resell agreements
   
303.1      
17.6      
5.82  
   
316.1      
17.7      
5.58  
Interest-bearing due from banks
   
3,482.4      
182.1      
5.23  
   
2,046.4      
103.2      
5.04  
Other earning assets (FTE)
   
22.3      
1.5      
6.53  
   
14.0      
0.8      
5.65  
Total earning assets (FTE)
   
40,945.8      
2,196.9      
5.37  
   
37,601.6      
1,865.1      
4.96  
Allowance for credit losses
   
(235.4 )  
    
       
(216.2 )  
    
 
 
Cash and due from banks
   
459.6    
    
       
456.6    
    
 
 
Other assets
   
2,019.8    
    
       
1,888.3    
    
 
 
Total assets
  $
43,189.8    
    
      $
39,730.3    
    
 
 
 
 
     
    
     
     
    
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
     
    
     
     
    
 
 
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits
  $
22,949.6     $
882.6      
3.85 %   $
18,374.9     $
588.3      
3.20 %
Time deposits under $250,000
   
1,113.1      
65.4      
5.88  
   
1,967.0      
92.4      
4.70  
Time deposits of $250,000 or more
   
1,161.5      
34.3      
2.95  
   
780.4      
23.5      
3.01  
Total interest-bearing deposits
   
25,224.2      
982.3      
3.89  
   
21,122.3      
704.2      
3.33  
Short-term debt
   
1,063.4      
53.4      
5.02  
   
1,929.0      
96.4      
5.00  
Long-term debt
   
384.2      
27.8      
7.24  
   
382.3      
25.0      
6.54  
Federal funds purchased
   
80.1      
4.1      
5.05  
   
170.0      
8.4      
4.97  
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
   
2,258.4      
102.5      
4.54  
   
2,005.4      
84.6      
4.22  
Total interest-bearing liabilities
   
29,010.3      
1,170.1      
4.03  
   
25,609.0      
918.6      
3.59  
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
   
10,077.2    
    
       
10,640.4    
    
 
 
Other
   
769.5    
    
       
618.2    
    
 
 
Total
   
39,857.0    
    
       
36,867.6    
    
 
 
Total shareholders' equity
   
3,332.8    
    
       
2,862.7    
    
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $
43,189.8    
    
      $
39,730.3    
    
 
 
Net interest income (FTE)
 
      $
1,026.8    
     
      $
946.5    
 
 
Net interest spread (FTE)
 
     
      
1.34 %  
     
      
1.37 %
Net interest margin (FTE)
 
     
      
2.51 %  
     
      
2.52 %
(1)
Interest income and yields are stated on an FTE basis, using a federal income tax rate of 21% for 2024, 2023, and 2022.  The tax-equivalent interest 
income and yields give effect to tax-exempt interest income net of the disallowance of interest expense, for federal income tax purposes related to certain 
tax-free assets.  Rates earned/paid may not compute to the rates shown due to presentation in millions.  The tax-equivalent interest income totaled $25.9 
million, $26.4 million, and $25.8 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
(2)
Loan fees are included in interest income.  Such fees totaled $21.4 million, $17.7 million, and $18.2 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
(3)
Loans on nonaccrual are included in the computation of average balances.  Interest income on these loans is also included in loan income.
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2) (3)

41
THREE YEAR AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS/YIELDS AND RATES (tax-equivalent basis)
(in millions)  
 
 
2022
 
 
 
Average 
Balance
   
Interest 
Income/ 
Expense 
   
Rate Earned/ 
Paid 
 
ASSETS
 
     
     
 
 
Loans and loans held for sale (FTE) 
  $
18,823.8     $
810.1      
4.30 %
Securities:
 
     
     
 
 
Taxable
   
9,616.7      
192.1      
2.00  
Tax-exempt (FTE)
   
3,885.1      
122.8      
3.16  
Total securities
   
13,501.8      
314.9      
2.33  
Federal funds sold and resell agreements
   
965.9      
19.1      
1.98  
Interest-bearing due from banks
   
2,408.5      
18.6      
0.77  
Other earning assets (FTE)
   
12.1      
0.6      
4.96  
Total earning assets (FTE)
   
35,712.1      
1,163.3      
3.26  
Allowance for credit losses
   
(184.1 )  
     
 
 
Cash and due from banks
   
420.0    
     
 
 
Other assets
   
1,631.0    
     
 
 
Total assets
  $
37,579.0    
     
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
     
     
 
 
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits
  $
17,333.0     $
162.2      
0.94 %
Time deposits under $250,000
   
95.0      
0.7      
0.74  
Time deposits of $250,000 or more
   
635.5      
4.6      
0.72  
Total interest-bearing deposits
   
18,063.5      
167.5      
0.93  
Short-term debt
   
8.6      
0.3      
3.49  
Long-term debt
   
300.6      
15.2      
5.06  
Federal funds purchased
   
249.7      
5.2      
2.10  
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
   
2,527.4      
35.5      
1.40  
Total interest-bearing liabilities
   
21,149.8      
223.7      
1.06  
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
   
13,264.1    
     
 
 
Other
   
438.8    
     
 
 
Total
   
34,852.7    
     
 
 
Total shareholders' equity
   
2,726.3    
     
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $
37,579.0    
     
 
 
Net interest income (FTE)
 
      $
939.6    
 
 
Net interest spread (FTE)
 
     
       
2.20 %
Net interest margin (FTE)
 
     
       
2.63 %
(1)
(1)
(2) (3)

42
Table 2
RATE-VOLUME ANALYSIS (in thousands)
This analysis attributes changes in net interest income either to changes in average balances or to changes in average interest rates for earning assets 
and interest-bearing liabilities.  The change in net interest income that is due to both volume and interest rate has been allocated to volume and interest rate in 
proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amount of the change in each.  All interest rates are presented on a tax-equivalent basis and give effect to 
tax-exempt interest income net of the disallowance of interest expense for federal income tax purposes, related to certain tax-free assets.  The loan average 
balances and rates include nonaccrual loans.
Average Volume
   
Average Rate
   
 
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
2024
   
2023
   
2024
   
2023
   
2024 vs. 2023
 
Volume
   
Rate
   
Total
 
   
    
     
      Change in interest earned on:
 
    
    
   
$
24,212,64
5     $
22,337,11
9      
6.66 %    
6.27 %  
Loans
  $
121,804     $
91,183     $
212,987  
    
    
     
     
Securities:
 
    
    
   
  9,290,809       9,097,110      
2.77  
   
2.36  
 
Taxable
   
4,664      
37,917      
42,581  
  3,634,588       3,790,921      
3.44  
   
3.38  
 
Tax-exempt
   
(4,989 )    
2,167      
(2,822 )
 
303,096      
316,072      
5.82  
   
5.58  
 
Federal funds and resell agreements
   
(739 )    
720      
(19 )
  3,482,402       2,046,349      
5.23  
   
5.04  
 
Interest-bearing due from banks
   
74,976      
3,979      
78,955  
 
22,311      
14,030      
6.53  
   
5.65  
 
Trading securities
   
491      
131      
622  
 
40,945,85
1      
37,601,60
1      
5.37  
   
4.96  
 
Total
   
196,207      
136,097      
332,304  
    
    
     
      Change in interest incurred on:
 
    
    
   
 
25,224,20
1      
21,122,30
5      
3.89  
   
3.33  
 
Interest-bearing deposits
   
149,076      
129,016      
278,092  
 
80,017      
169,997      
5.05  
   
4.97  
 
Federal funds purchased
   
(4,538 )    
135      
(4,403 )
  2,258,438       2,005,418      
4.54  
   
4.22  
 
Securities sold under agreements to 
repurchase
   
11,179      
6,756      
17,935  
  1,447,646       2,311,238      
5.61  
   
5.25  
 
Borrowed Funds
   
(47,986 )    
7,890      
(40,096 )
$
29,010,30
2     $
25,608,95
8      
4.03 %    
3.59 %  
Total
   
107,731      
143,797      
251,528  
 
   
    
     
      Net interest income
  $
88,476     $
(7,700 )   $
80,776  
Average Volume
   
Average Rate
   
 
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
2023
   
2022
   
2023
   
2022
   
2023 vs. 2022
 
Volume
   
Rate
   
Total
 
    
     
 
   
 
    Change in interest earned on:
 
     
     
   
$
22,337,11
9     $
18,823,81
0      
6.27 %    
4.30 %  
Loans
  $
171,189     $
418,765     $
589,954  
     
     
 
   
 
   
Securities:
 
     
     
   
  9,097,110       9,616,691      
2.36  
   
2.00  
 
Taxable
   
(10,813 )    
33,673      
22,860  
  3,790,921       3,885,153      
3.38  
   
3.16  
 
Tax-exempt
   
(3,142 )    
8,149      
5,007  
 
316,072      
965,911      
5.58  
   
1.98  
 
Federal funds and resell agreements
   
(19,173 )    
17,711      
(1,462 )
  2,046,349       2,408,468      
5.04  
   
0.77  
 
Interest-bearing due from banks
   
(3,203 )    
87,811      
84,608  
 
14,030      
12,076      
5.65  
   
4.96  
 
Trading securities
   
117      
101      
218  
 
37,601,60
1      
35,712,10
9      
4.96  
   
3.26  
 
Total
   
134,975      
566,210      
701,185  
    
    
 
   
 
    Change in interest incurred on:
 
     
     
   
 
21,122,30
5      
18,063,49
8      
3.33  
   
0.93  
 
Interest-bearing deposits
   
32,883      
503,774      
536,657  
 
169,997      
249,663      
4.97  
   
2.10  
 
Federal funds purchased
   
(2,103 )    
5,307      
3,204  
  2,005,418       2,527,426      
4.22  
   
1.40  
 
Securities sold under agreements to 
repurchase
   
(8,697 )    
57,816      
49,119  
  2,311,238      
309,204      
5.25  
   
5.00  
 
Borrowed Funds
   
105,080      
806      
105,886  
$
25,608,95
8     $
21,149,79
1      
3.59 %    
1.06 %  
Total
   
127,163      
567,703      
694,866  
 
   
     
 
   
 
    Net interest income
  $
7,812     $
(1,493 )   $
6,319  

43
Table 3
ANALYSIS OF NET INTEREST MARGIN (in thousands)
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Average earning assets
  $
40,945,851     $
37,601,601     $
35,712,109  
Interest-bearing liabilities
   
29,010,302      
25,608,958      
21,149,791  
Interest-free funds
  $
11,935,549     $
11,992,643     $
14,562,318  
Free funds ratio (interest free funds to average earning assets)
   
29.15 %   
31.89 %   
40.78 %
Tax-equivalent yield on earning assets
   
5.37 %   
4.96 %   
3.26 %
Cost of interest-bearing liabilities
   
4.03      
3.59      
1.06  
Net interest spread
   
1.34 %   
1.37 %   
2.20 %
Benefit of interest-free funds
   
1.17      
1.15      
0.43  
Net interest margin
   
2.51 %   
2.52 %   
2.63 %
The Company experienced an increase in net interest income of $80.8 million, or 8.8%, for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to 2023.  This 
follows an increase of $6.3 million, or 0.7%, for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to 2022.  Average earning assets for the year ended December 
31, 2024 increased by $3.3 billion, or 8.9%, compared to the same period in 2023.  Net interest margin, on a tax-equivalent basis, decreased to 2.51% for 2024 
compared to 2.52% in 2023.     
The Company funds a significant portion of its balance sheet with noninterest-bearing demand deposits.  Noninterest-bearing demand deposits 
represented 31.6%, 33.9% and 40.6% of total outstanding deposits as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The decrease in 2024 is driven by 
the increase in short-term interest rates. As illustrated in Table 3, the impact from these interest-free funds was 117 basis points in 2024, as compared to 115 
basis points in 2023 and 43 basis points in 2022. 
The Company experienced an increase in net interest income during 2024 due to a volume variance of $88.5 million, offset by a negative rate variance of 
$7.7 million.  The average rate on earning assets during 2024 increased by 41 basis points, while the average rate on interest-bearing liabilities increased by 44 
basis points, resulting in a three basis-point decrease in spread.  The volume of loans increased from an average of $22.3 billion in 2023 to an average of $24.2 
billion in 2024, driven by organic loan growth.  The volume of interest-bearing liabilities increased from $25.6 billion in 2023 to $29.0 billion in 2024.  The 
Company expects to see continued volatility in the economic markets and governmental responses to inflation, geopolitical tensions, and supply chain 
constraints.  These changing economic conditions and governmental responses could have impacts on the balance sheet and income statement of the Company 
in 2025.  Loan-related earning assets tend to generate a higher spread than those earned in the Company’s investment portfolio.  By design, the Company’s 
investment portfolio is moderate in duration and liquid in its composition of assets.    
During 2025, approximately $1.5 billion of available-for-sale securities are expected to have principal repayments.  This includes approximately $317 
million that will have principal repayments during the first quarter of 2025.  The available-for-sale investment portfolio had an average life of 56.0 months, 52.6 
months, and 62.3 months as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.    
Provision and Allowance for Credit Losses
The ACL represents management’s judgment of total expected losses included in the Company’s loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date.  The 
Company’s process for recording the ACL is based on the evaluation of the Company’s lifetime historical loss experience, management’s understanding of the 
credit quality inherent in the loan portfolio, and the impact of the current economic environment, coupled with reasonable and supportable economic forecasts.
A mathematical calculation of an estimate is made to assist in determining the adequacy and reasonableness of management’s recorded ACL.  To 
develop the estimate, the Company follows the guidelines in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (ASC 
326).  The estimate reserves for assets held at amortized cost and any related credit deterioration in the Company’s available-for-sale debt security portfolio.  
Assets held at amortized cost include the Company’s loan book and held-to-maturity security portfolio.

44
The process involves the consideration of quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to the specific segmentation of loans.  These factors have been 
established over decades of financial institution experience and include economic observation and loan loss characteristics.  This process is designed to produce 
a lifetime estimate of the losses, at a reporting date, that includes evaluation of historical loss experience, current economic conditions, reasonable and 
supportable forecasts, and the qualitative framework outlined by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency in the published 2020 Interagency Policy 
Statement.  This process allows management to take a holistic view of the recorded ACL reserve and ensure that all significant and pertinent information is 
considered.
The Company considers a variety of factors to ensure the safety and soundness of its estimate including a strong internal control framework, extensive 
methodology documentation, credit underwriting standards which encompass the Company’s desired risk profile, model validation, and ratio analysis.  If the 
Company’s total ACL estimate, as determined in accordance with the approved ACL methodology, is either outside a reasonable range based on review of 
economic indicators or by comparison of historical ratio analysis, the ACL estimate is an outlier and management will investigate the underlying reason(s).  
Based on that investigation, issues or factors that previously had not been considered may be identified in the estimation process, which may warrant 
adjustments to estimated credit losses.
The ending result of this process is a recorded consolidated ACL that represents management’s best estimate of the total expected losses included in the 
loan portfolio, held-to-maturity securities, and credit deterioration in available-for-sale securities.
Table 4 presents the components of the allowance by loan portfolio segment.  The Company manages the ACL against the risk in the entire loan 
portfolio and therefore, the allocation of the ACL to a particular loan segment may change in the future.  Management of the Company believes the present 
ACL is adequate considering the Company’s loss experience, delinquency trends and current economic conditions.  Future economic conditions and borrowers’ 
ability to meet their obligations, however, are uncertainties which could affect the Company’s ACL and/or need to change its current level of provision.  For 
more information on loan portfolio segments and ACL methodology refer to Note 3, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” in the Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements.
Table 4
ALLOCATION OF ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS (in thousands)
This table presents an allocation of the allowance for credit losses on loans and percent of loans to total loans by loan portfolio segment, which represents the 
total expected losses derived by both quantitative and qualitative methods. The amounts presented are not necessarily indicative of actual future charge-offs in 
any particular category and are subject to change.  
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
At December 31:
 
Allowance for 
credit losses
   
Percent of loans 
to total loans
   
Allowance for 
credit losses
   
Percent of loans 
to total loans
 
Commercial and industrial
  $
160,912      
42.5 %  $
155,658      
42.8 %
Specialty lending
   
—      
1.8      
—      
2.2  
Commercial real estate
   
77,340      
39.5      
45,507      
38.4  
Consumer real estate
   
4,327      
12.4      
6,941      
12.8  
Consumer
   
966      
0.8      
1,089      
0.7  
Credit cards
   
14,272      
2.3      
7,935      
1.8  
Leases and other
   
1,272      
0.7      
2,608      
1.3  
Total allowance for credit losses on loans
  $
259,089      
100.0 %  $
219,738      
100.0 %
Table 5 presents a summary of the Company’s ACL for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.  Also, please see “Quantitative and Qualitative 
Disclosures About Market Risk – Credit Risk Management” in this report for information relating to nonaccrual, past due, restructured loans, and other credit 
risk matters.  For more information on loan portfolio segments and ACL methodology refer to Note 3, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” in the Notes to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements.

45
As illustrated in Table 5 below, the ACL increased as a percentage of total loans to 1.01% as of December 31, 2024, compared to 0.95% as of December 
31, 2023.  The provision for credit losses, including provision for off-balance sheet credit exposures, totaled $61.1 million for the year ended December 31, 
2024, which is an increase of $19.8 million, or 48.1%, compared to the same period in 2023.  The provision for credit losses, including provision for off-balance 
sheet credit exposures, totaled $41.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.  This increase is the result of the impacts of loan growth, portfolio metric 
changes, and changes in macro-economic metrics in the current period as compared to the prior period.
Table 5
ANALYSIS OF ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (in thousands)
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Allowance – January 1
 
$
222,996    
$
194,243  
Provision for credit losses
 
 
62,000    
 
39,227  
Charge-offs:
 
    
 
 
Commercial
 
 
(5,441 )  
 
(5,047 )
Specialty lending
 
 
—    
 
(762 )
Commercial real estate
 
 
(250 )  
 
(266 )
Consumer real estate
 
 
(432 )  
 
(1,185 )
Consumer
 
 
(1,524 )  
 
(1,232 )
Credit cards
 
 
(20,752 )  
 
(9,181 )
Leases and other
 
 
(4 )  
 
—  
Total charge-offs
 
 
(28,403 )  
 
(17,673 )
Recoveries:
 
    
 
 
Commercial and industrial
 
 
1,890    
 
5,295  
Specialty lending
 
 
4    
 
1  
Commercial real estate
 
 
—    
 
111  
Consumer real estate
 
 
648    
 
45  
Consumer
 
 
241    
 
211  
Credit cards
 
 
2,355    
 
1,536  
Leases and other
 
 
3    
 
—  
Total recoveries
 
 
5,141    
 
7,199  
Net charge-offs
 
 
(23,262 )  
 
(10,474 )
Allowance for credit losses – end of period
 
$
261,734    
$
222,996  
Allowance for credit losses on loans
 
$
259,089    
$
219,738  
Allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities
 
 
2,645    
 
3,258  
Loans at end of year, net of unearned interest
 
 
25,642,301    
 
23,172,484  
Held-to-maturity securities at end of period
 
 
5,378,912    
 
5,691,868  
Total assets at amortized cost
 
 
31,021,213    
 
28,864,352  
Average loans, net of unearned interest
 
 
24,209,547    
 
22,334,942  
Allowance for credit losses on loans to loans at end of period
 
 
1.01 % 
 
0.95 %
Allowance for credit losses – end of period to total assets at amortized cost
 
 
0.84 % 
 
0.77 %
Allowance as a multiple of net charge-offs
 
11.25x   
21.29x
 
Net charge-offs to average loans
 
 
0.10 % 
 
0.05 %
Noninterest Income
A key objective of the Company is the growth of noninterest income to provide a diverse source of revenue not directly tied to interest rates.  Fee-based 
services are typically non-credit related and are not generally affected by fluctuations in interest rates.  Noninterest income increased in 2024 by $86.3 million, 
or 15.9%, compared to 2023 and decreased in 2023 by $12.4 million, or 2.2%, compared to 2022.  The increase in 2024 is primarily driven by increased trust 
and securities processing income, other miscellaneous income, investment securities gains, net, and bankcard income.  The decrease in 2023 is primarily 
attributable to a decrease in investment securities gains, net, partially offset by an increase in other miscellaneous income and trust securities processing income. 
Changes in Noninterest income are presented in Table 6 below. 

46
The Company’s fee-based services offer multiple products and services, which management believes will more closely align with customer product 
demands.  The Company is currently emphasizing fee-based services including trust and securities processing, bankcard, securities trading and brokerage and 
cash and treasury management.  Management believes that it can offer these products and services both efficiently and profitably, as most have common 
platforms and support structures.
Table 6
SUMMARY OF NONINTEREST INCOME (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
   
Dollar Change
   
Percent Change
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
24-23
   
23-22
   
24-23
   
23-22
 
Trust and securities processing
  $ 290,571     $ 257,200     $ 237,207     $
33,371     $ 19,993      
13.0 %   
8.4 %
Trading and investment banking
   
24,226      
19,630      
23,201      
4,596      
(3,571 )    
23.4      
(15.4 )
Service charges on deposit accounts
   
84,512      
84,950      
85,167      
(438 )    
(217 )    
(0.5 )    
(0.3 )
Insurance fees and commissions
   
1,257      
1,009      
1,338      
248      
(329 )    
24.6      
(24.6 )
Brokerage fees
   
61,564      
54,119      
43,019      
7,445      
11,100      
13.8      
25.8  
Bankcard fees
   
87,797      
74,719      
73,451      
13,078      
1,268      
17.5      
1.7  
Investment securities gains (losses), net
   
10,720      
(3,139 )    
58,444      
13,859       (61,583 )    
441.5      
(105.4 )
Other
   
67,470      
53,365      
32,406      
14,105      
20,959      
26.4      
64.7  
Total noninterest income
  $ 628,117     $ 541,853     $ 554,233     $
86,264     $ (12,380 )    
15.9 %   
(2.2 )%
Noninterest income and the year-over-year changes in noninterest income are summarized in Table 6 above.  The dollar change and percent change 
columns highlight the respective net increase or decrease in the categories of noninterest income in 2024 compared to 2023, and in 2023 compared to 2022. 
Trust and securities processing income consists of fees earned on personal and corporate trust accounts, custody of securities services, trust investments 
and wealth management services, and mutual fund assets servicing.  This income category increased by $33.4 million, or 13.0% in 2024, compared to 2023, and 
increased by $20.0 million, or 8.4%, in 2023, compared to 2022.  During 2024, fund services income increased $20.5 million, corporate trust income increased 
$7.7 million and wealth management services increased $5.1 million.  During 2023, fund services income increased $12.2 million and corporate trust income 
increased $7.7 million.  The recent volatile markets have impacted the income in this category.  Since trust and securities processing fees are primarily asset-
based, which are highly correlated to the change in market value of the assets, the related income will be affected by changes in the securities markets.  
Management continues to emphasize sales of services to both new and existing clients as well as increasing and improving the distribution channels.
 Trading and investment banking income increased $4.6 million, or 23.4%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased $3.6 million, or 15.4%, in 2023 
compared to 2022.  The increase in 2024 compared to 2023 and the decrease in 2023 compared to 2022 was driven by increased and decreased bond trading 
income, respectively.
Service charges on deposits income decreased $0.4 million, or 0.5%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased $0.2 million, or 0.3%, in 2023 compared 
to 2022.  The decrease in both years was driven by decreased healthcare services income, offset by increased commercial service charge income. 
Brokerage fees increased $7.4 million, or 13.8%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and increased $11.1 million, or 25.8%, in 2023 compared to 2022.  The 
increase in both years was driven by increased 12b-1 and money market fees driven by the increase in short-term interest rates.
Bankcard fees increased $13.1 million, or 17.5%, in 2024 compared to 2023, and increased $1.3 million, or 1.7%, in 2023 compared to 2022.  These 
increases were primarily driven by increased interchange income.    
Investment securities gains, net increased $13.9 million in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased $61.6 million in 2023 compared to 2022. The increase 
in 2024 was primarily driven by gain on sale of one of the Company's securities without readily determinable fair value in 2024, coupled with the impairment of 
one available-for-sale debt security in 2023.  The decrease in 2023 was primarily driven by a $66.2 million gain realized on the sale of the Company’s Visa Inc. 
Class B common shares in 2022.

47
Other noninterest income increased $14.1 million, or 26.4%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and increased $21.0 million, or 64.7%, in 2023 compared to 
2022.  The increase in 2024 was primarily driven by the gain on the sale of UMB Distribution Services, LLC, a legal settlement, and gains on the sale of other 
assets during 2024, coupled with increased bank-owned life insurance income. The increase in 2023 was primarily driven by market value changes in company-
owned life insurance income.    
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense increased in 2024 by $27.5 million, or 2.8%, compared to 2023 and increased in 2023 by $101.0 million, or 11.2%, compared to 
2022.  From 2023 to 2024 the increase was driven primarily by increased salaries and employee benefits expense, legal and consulting expense, and processing 
fees, partially offset by a decrease in regulatory fees.  From 2022 to 2023 the increase was driven by the $52.8 million FDIC special assessment, increases in 
salaries and employee benefits expense and processing fees, and partially offset by a decrease in other miscellaneous expense.  Table 7 below summarizes the 
components of noninterest expense and the respective year-over-year changes for each category. 
Table 7 
SUMMARY OF NONINTEREST EXPENSE (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
   
Dollar Change
   
Percent Change
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
24-23
   
23-22
   
24-23
   
23-22
 
Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 593,913     $ 553,421     $ 524,431     $
40,492     $ 28,990      
7.3 %   
5.5 %
Occupancy, net
   
47,539      
48,502      
48,848      
(963 )    
(346 )    
(2.0 )    
(0.7 )
Equipment
   
63,406      
68,718      
74,259      
(5,312 )    
(5,541 )    
(7.7 )    
(7.5 )
Supplies and services
   
14,845      
16,829      
13,590      
(1,984 )    
3,239      
(11.8 )    
23.8  
Marketing and business development
   
28,439      
25,749      
25,699      
2,690      
50      
10.4      
0.2  
Processing fees
    117,899       103,099      
82,227      
14,800      
20,872      
14.4      
25.4  
Legal and consulting
   
46,207      
29,998      
39,095      
16,209      
(9,097 )    
54.0      
(23.3 )
Bankcard
   
44,265      
32,969      
26,367      
11,296      
6,602      
34.3      
25.0  
Amortization of other intangible assets
   
7,705      
8,587      
5,037      
(882 )    
3,550      
(10.3 )    
70.5  
Regulatory fees
   
31,904      
77,010      
15,378      
(45,106 )    
61,632      
(58.6 )    
400.8  
Other
   
30,564      
34,258      
43,188      
(3,694 )    
(8,930 )    
(10.8 )    
(20.7 )
Total noninterest expense
  $
1,026,68
6     $ 999,140     $ 898,119     $
27,546     $ 101,021      
2.8 %   
11.2 %
Salaries and employee benefits expense increased $40.5 million, or 7.3%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and $29.0 million, or 5.5%, in 2023 compared to 
2022.  In 2024, bonus and commission expense increased $22.4 million, or 19.5%, salaries and wage expense increased $14.0 million, or 4.1% and employee 
benefits expense increased $4.1 million, or 4.1%.  In 2023, salaries and wage expense increased $23.8 million, or 7.5% and employee benefits expense 
increased $20.5 million, or 26.0%.  These increases were offset by a decrease in bonus and commission expense of $15.3 million, or 11.8%.
Equipment expense decreased $5.3 million, or 7.7%, in 2024 compared to 2023, and decreased $5.5 million, or 7.5%, from 2022 to 2023.  The decreases 
in both years were driven by lower software expense related to a transition to cloud-based computing solutions.
Marketing and business development expense increased $2.7 million, or 10.4%, in 2024 compared to 2023, and was flat in 2023 compared to 2022.  The 
increase in 2024 was driven by the timing of advertising and business development projects and higher travel expenses as compared to the prior year.
Processing fees expense increased $14.8 million, or 14.4%, in 2024 compared to 2023, and increased $20.9 million, or 25.4%, in 2023 compared to 
2022.  The increases in 2024 and 2023 were primarily driven by higher software subscription costs due to the transition to cloud computing solutions and 
ongoing investments in digital channel and integrated platform solutions to support business growth.  
Legal and consulting expense increased $16.2 million, or 54.0%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased $9.1 million, or 23.3%, in 2023 compared to 
2022.  The increase in 2024 was driven by expenses incurred related to 

48
the announced acquisition of HTLF.  The decrease in 2023 was primarily driven by fluctuations in legal and consulting expense due to the timing of multiple 
projects between years.
Bankcard expense increased $11.3 million, or 34.3%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and increased $6.6 million, or 25.0%, in 2023 compared to 2022.  These 
increases in both years were driven by higher card administration costs coupled with higher fraud losses.
Regulatory fees decreased $45.1 million, or 58.6%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and increased $61.6 million, or 400.8%, in 2023 compared to 2022.  The 
decrease in 2024 and the increase in 2023 was driven by the FDIC special assessment of $52.8 million recorded in 2023.
Other noninterest expense decreased $3.7 million, or 10.8%, in 2024 compared to 2023 and decreased $8.9 million, or 20.7%, in 2023 compared to 2022.  
The decreases in both 2024 and 2023 were driven by lower charitable contribution expenses and operational losses.    
Income Taxes
Income tax expense totaled $100.0 million, $71.6 million, and $100.3 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022 respectively. These amounts equate to effective 
tax rates of 18.5%, 17.0%, and 18.9% for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate from 2023 to 2024 is primarily attributable to 
a smaller portion of pre-tax income being earned from tax-exempt municipal securities and higher non-deductible acquisition costs in 2024. These increases 
were partially offset by an increase in federal tax credits, net of related amortization.  The decrease in the effective tax rate from 2022 to 2023 is primarily 
attributable to a larger portion of pre-tax income being earned from tax-exempt municipal securities and excludable life insurance policy gains.   
For further information on income taxes refer to Note 16, “Income Taxes,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Business Segments
The Company has strategically aligned its operations into the following three reportable segments: Commercial Banking, Institutional Banking, and 
Personal Banking (collectively, the Business Segments). Senior executive officers regularly evaluate Business Segment financial results produced by the 
Company’s internal reporting system in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance for individual Business Segments.  The management 
accounting system assigns balance sheet and income statement items to each Business Segment using methodologies that are refined on an ongoing basis. For 
comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on methodologies in effect at December 31, 2024.  Previously reported results have been reclassified in 
this Form 10-K to conform to the Company’s current organizational structure. 
Table 8
COMMERCIAL BANKING OPERATING RESULTS (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended 
December 31,
   
Dollar
Change
   
Percent
Change
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
24-23
   
24-23
 
Net interest income
  $
665,587     $
598,371     $
67,216      
11.2 %
Provision for credit losses
   
50,155      
33,184      
16,971      
51.1  
Noninterest income
   
130,187      
97,614      
32,573      
33.4  
Noninterest expense
   
356,136      
365,856      
(9,720 )    
(2.7 )
Income before taxes
   
389,483      
296,945      
92,538      
31.2  
Income tax expense
   
71,248      
47,874      
23,374      
48.8  
Net income
  $
318,235     $
249,071     $
69,164      
27.8 %
 
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Commercial Banking net income increased $69.2 million, or 27.8%, to $318.2 million compared to the same 
period in 2023.  Net interest income increased $67.2 million, or 11.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the same period last year, driven by 
strong loan growth, earning asset mix changes and the increase in short-term interest rates.  Provision for credit losses increased $17.0 million, 

49
or 51.1%, as compared to 2023, driven by loan growth, portfolio metric changes, and changes in macro-economic metrics in 2024 as compared to 2023.  
Noninterest income increased $32.6 million, or 33.4%, over the same period in 2023.  This increase was primarily due to increases of $11.0 million in 
investment security gains, $7.4 million in bankcard income, $5.8 million in other income driven by a legal settlement in the first quarter of 2024 and increased 
life insurance income, and $4.0 million in service charges on deposit accounts.  Noninterest expense decreased $9.7 million, or 2.7%, as compared to the same 
period in 2023.  This decrease was driven by a decrease of $20.8 million in technology, service, and overhead expenses, partially offset by increases of $7.0 
million in salaries and employee benefits expense, $2.1 million in marketing and business development, $1.6 million in processing fees and $1.6 million in 
bankcard expense. 
Table 9
INSTITUTIONAL BANKING OPERATING RESULTS (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended 
December 31,
   
Dollar
Change
   
Percent
Change
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
24-23
   
24-23
 
Net interest income
  $
199,821     $
192,765     $
7,056      
3.7 %
Provision for credit losses
   
2,781      
1,406      
1,375      
97.8  
Noninterest income
   
398,306      
347,933      
50,373      
14.5  
Noninterest expense
   
408,323      
382,770      
25,553      
6.7  
Income before taxes
   
187,023      
156,522      
30,501      
19.5  
Income tax expense
   
33,126      
26,664      
6,462      
24.2  
Net income
  $
153,897     $
129,858     $
24,039      
18.5 %
 
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Institutional Banking net income increased $24.0 million, or 18.5%, to $153.9 million compared to the same 
period last year.  Net interest income increased $7.1 million, or 3.7%, compared to the same period last year, due to an increase in funds transfer pricing due to 
the increase in interest rates.  Provision for credit losses increased $1.4 million as compared to 2023, driven by loan growth, portfolio metric changes, and 
changes in the macro-economic metrics in 2024 as compared to 2023.  Noninterest income increased $50.4 million, or 14.5%, primarily due to increases of 
$28.4 million in trust and securities processing income driven by higher fund services and corporate trust revenue, an increase of $7.1 million in brokerage 
income, $6.5 million in bankcard income, an increase of $4.7 million in bond trading income, and an increase of $4.0 million in other income driven by the gain 
on the sale of UMB Distribution Services, LLC during the fourth quarter.  These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $3.9 million in service charges 
on deposit accounts.  Noninterest expense increased $25.6 million, or 6.7% as compared to 2023, primarily driven by increases of $18.0 million in salaries and 
employee benefits expense, $8.6 million in bankcard expense, $6.1 million in processing fees, $1.7 million in legal and consulting expense, and $1.2 million in 
equipment expense. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $11.1 million in technology, service, and overhead expenses.
Table 10
PERSONAL BANKING OPERATING RESULTS (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended 
December 31,
   
Dollar
Change
   
Percent
Change
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
24-23
   
24-23
 
Net interest income
  $
135,484     $
128,980     $
6,504      
5.0 %
Provision for credit losses
   
8,114      
6,637      
1,477      
22.3  
Noninterest income
   
99,624      
96,306      
3,318      
3.4  
Noninterest expense
   
262,227      
250,514      
11,713      
4.7  
Loss before taxes
   
(35,233 )    
(31,865 )    
(3,368 )    
(10.6 )
Income tax benefit
   
(4,344 )    
(2,960 )    
(1,384 )    
(46.8 )
Net loss
  $
(30,889 )   $
(28,905 )   $
(1,984 )    
(6.9 )%
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Personal Banking net income decreased $2.0 million, or 6.9%, to a net loss of $30.9 million as compared to the 
same period last year.  Net interest income increased $6.5 million, or 5.0%, compared to the same period last year due to loan growth and the increase in short-
term interest rates. Provision for 

50
credit losses increased $1.5 million, or 22.3%, for the period, driven by loan growth, portfolio metric changes, and changes in macro-economic metrics in 2024 
as compared to 2023.  Noninterest income increased $3.3 million, or 3.4%, for the same period primarily driven by an increase of $5.0 million in trust and 
securities processing income, and $2.9 million in life insurance income, partially offset by a decrease of $3.2 million in investment securities gains.  Noninterest 
expense increased $11.7 million, or 4.7%, primarily due to increases of $6.4 million in technology, service, and overhead expenses, $5.2 million in salaries and 
employee benefits, and $1.0 million in bankcard expense, partially offset by a decrease of $1.7 million in operational losses. 
Balance Sheet Analysis
Loans and Loans Held For Sale
Loans represent the Company’s largest source of interest income.  Loan balances held for investment increased by $2.5 billion, or 10.7%, in 2024.  This 
increase was primarily driven by an increase of $1.2 billion, or 13.9%, in commercial real estate loans, $971.6 million, or 9.8%, in commercial and industrial 
loans, and $226.5 million, or 7.7% in consumer real estate loans.  
                                                                                                                                                                
Commercial and industrial loans and commercial real estate loans continue to represent the largest segments of the Company’s loan portfolio, 
comprising approximately 42.5% and 39.5%, respectively, of total loans and loans held for sale at the end of 2024 and 42.8% and 38.4%, respectively, of total 
loans and loans held for sale at the end of 2023.  
Commercial and industrial loans represent the largest percent of total loans.  Commercial and industrial loans at December 31, 2024 increased $971.6 
million, or 9.8%, as compared to December 31, 2023.  
As a percentage of total loans, commercial real estate comprises 39.5% of total loans compared to 38.4% in 2023.  Commercial real estate loans 
increased $1.2 billion, or 13.9%, compared to 2023.  Commercial real estate loans generally involve a greater degree of credit risk than consumer real estate 
loans because they typically have larger balances and are more affected by adverse conditions in the economy. Because payments on loans secured by 
commercial real estate often depend upon the successful operation and management of the properties and the businesses which operate from within them, 
repayment of such loans may be affected by factors outside the borrower’s control, such as adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy or 
changes in government regulations. In recent years, commercial real estate markets have been particularly impacted by the economic disruption resulting from 
the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has also been a catalyst for the evolution of various remote work options, which could impact the long-
term performance of some types of office properties within our commercial real estate portfolio. Due to these risks, the Company is actively monitoring its 
exposure to commercial real estate.
Generally, these loans are made for investment and real estate development or working capital and business expansion purposes and are primarily 
secured by real estate with a maximum loan-to-value of 80%.  Most of these properties are non-owner occupied and have guarantees as additional security. The 
Company’s investment CRE portfolio (which includes non-owner occupied and construction loans) totaled 28.5% and 26.5% of total Company loans as of 
December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The average investment CRE loan was approximately $7.2 million and $5.8 million, as of December 
31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and 90% are recourse loans as of both December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. These loans have an average 
loan-to-value of 57% as of both December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
The properties securing the commercial real estate portfolio are diverse in terms of type and geographic location. This diversity helps reduce exposure to 
adverse economic events that affect any single market or industry. Notwithstanding, commercial real estate loans, in general, may be more adversely impacted 
by conditions in the real estate market or the economy.
 
The following table presents the Company’s investment CRE (which includes non-owner occupied and construction loans) by industry.  The table 
separately discloses the top five industries as a percentage of the Company’s loan portfolio as of either period presented, while the remainder are included in 
“Other.”

51
Table 11
 
 
Investment CRE loans by industry as a percentage of total Company Loans
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
Industrial
 
 
8.8 % 
 
8.0 %
Multifamily
 
 
7.4    
 
5.0  
Office building
 
 
3.9    
 
4.2  
Hotel
 
 
1.9    
 
2.0  
Retail
 
 
1.9    
 
2.2  
Other
 
 
4.6    
 
5.1  
Total Investment CRE
 
 
28.5 % 
 
26.5 %
 
The following table presents the Company’s investment CRE (which includes non-owner occupied and construction loans) by state.  The table separately 
discloses all states that represent at least 5.0% of the Company’s investment CRE portfolio as of either period presented, while the remainder are included in 
“All Others.”
Table 12
 
 
Investment CRE loans by State
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
Missouri
 
 
14.6 % 
 
14.9 %
Arizona
 
 
11.6    
 
11.9  
Texas
 
 
11.4    
 
12.1  
Colorado
 
 
9.1    
 
9.8  
Utah
 
 
8.1    
 
6.3  
Florida
 
 
5.8    
 
5.0  
All others
 
 
39.4    
 
40.0  
Total Investment CRE
 
 
100.0 % 
 
100.0 %
The shift to work-from-home and hybrid work environments has caused a decreased utilization of, and demand for, office space.  The Company is 
actively monitoring its exposure to office space in its non-owner occupied commercial real estate portfolio.  The average loan size in the Company’s office 
portfolio was approximately $8.9 million and $9.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.  The average loan-to-value of the 
office portfolio was 63% and 64% as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and 84% are recourse loans as of the end of both periods. 
Further, only 18% and 30% of the Company’s office portfolio as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, is in central business districts, 
which have been more heavily impacted by the shift to remote work. The remainder of the Company’s office portfolio is in suburban or medical properties.
The table below presents the Company’s portfolio of office commercial real estate by the metropolitan statistical area (MSAs) in which the loan 
collateral is located.  The table separately discloses all MSAs that represent at least 5.0% of the Company's office commercial real estate portfolio as of either 
period presented, while the remainder are included in “All Others.”

52
Table 13
 
 
Office CRE loans by MSA
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
 
 
23.1 % 
 
22.7 %
Kansas City, MO-KS
 
 
10.1    
 
7.8  
Jacksonville, FL
 
 
9.3    
 
9.1  
St. Louis, MO-IL
 
 
7.5    
 
6.7  
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
 
 
7.3    
 
6.8  
Raleigh-Cary, NC
 
 
5.8    
 
5.9  
Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
 
 
5.8    
 
5.1  
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ
 
 
5.3    
 
4.5  
Indianapolis-Carmel, IN
 
 
5.0    
 
4.9  
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI
 
 
—    
 
5.2  
All others
 
 
20.8    
 
21.3  
Total Office CRE
 
 
100.0 % 
 
100.0 %
Consumer real estate loans increased $226.5 million, or 7.7%, compared to 2023.  These loans represented 12.4% of total loans as of December 31, 
2024, compared to 12.8% as of December 31, 2023.  
For further information on loan portfolio segments refer to Note 3, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.
Nonaccrual, past due and restructured loans are discussed under “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk – Credit Risk Management” 
in Item 7A of this report.
Investment Securities
The Company’s investment portfolio contains trading, available-for-sale (AFS), and held-to-maturity (HTM) securities as well as FRB stock, Federal 
Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock, and other miscellaneous investments.  Investment securities totaled $13.7 billion as of December 31, 2024 and $13.3 billion as 
of December 31, 2023 and comprised 28.5% and 31.9% of the Company’s earning assets, respectively, as of those dates.  
During 2022, securities with an amortized cost of $4.1 billion and a fair value of $3.8 billion were transferred from the AFS classification to the HTM 
classification as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity.  The transfers of securities were made at fair value at the 
time of transfer.  See further information in Note 4, “Securities” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 
The Company’s AFS securities portfolio comprised 56.9% of the Company’s investment securities portfolio at December 31, 2024, compared to 53.3% 
at December 31, 2023.  The Company’s AFS securities portfolio provides liquidity as a result of the composition and average life of the underlying securities.  
This liquidity can be used to fund loan growth or to offset the outflow of traditional funding sources.  The average life of the AFS securities portfolio increased 
from 52.6 months at December 31, 2023 to 56.0 months at December 31, 2024. In addition to providing a potential source of liquidity, the AFS securities 
portfolio can be used as a tool to manage interest rate sensitivity.  The Company’s goal in the management of its AFS securities portfolio is to maximize return 
within the Company’s parameters of liquidity goals, interest rate risk and credit risk.  
Management expects collateral pledging requirements for public funds, loan demand, and deposit funding to be the primary factors impacting changes in 
the level of AFS securities.  There were $10.5 billion of securities pledged to secure U.S. Government deposits, other public deposits, certain trust deposits, 
derivative transactions, and repurchase agreements at December 31, 2024.  
The Company’s HTM securities portfolio consists of U.S. agency-backed securities, mortgage-backed securities, general obligation bonds, and private 
placement bonds.  The Company’s HTM portfolio, net of the ACL totaled $5.4 billion as of December 31, 2024, a decrease of $312.3 million from December 
31, 2023.  The average life of the HTM portfolio was 9.1 years at December 31, 2024, compared to 8.4 years at December 31, 2023.

53
The securities portfolio generates the Company’s second largest component of interest income.  The AFS, HTM, and Other securities portfolios achieved 
an average yield on a tax-equivalent basis of 2.96% for 2024, compared to 2.66% in 2023.  Securities available for sale had a net unrealized loss of $633.3 
million at year-end, compared to a net unrealized loss of $624.2 million the preceding year. This market value change primarily reflects the impact of a longer 
average life and increasing market interest rates as of December 31, 2024, compared to December 31, 2023.  These amounts are reflected, on an after-tax basis, 
in the Company’s Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) in shareholders’ equity, as an unrealized loss of $478.5 million at year-end 2024, 
compared to an unrealized loss of $471.9 million for 2023. The AFS securities portfolio contains securities that have unrealized losses (see the table of these 
securities in Note 4, “Securities,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements).  The unrealized losses in the Company’s investments were caused by 
changes in interest rates, and not from a decline in credit of the underlying issuers.  The U.S. Treasury, U.S. Agency, and Government Sponsored Entity (GSE) 
mortgage-backed securities are all considered to be agency-backed securities with no risk of loss as they are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. 
government. The changes in fair value in the agency-backed portfolios are solely driven by change in interest rates caused by changing economic conditions. 
The Company has no knowledge of any underlying credit issues and the cash flows underlying the debt securities have not changed and are not expected to be 
impacted by changes in interest rates.  As of December 31, 2024, the Company does not believe the decline in value in these portfolios is related to credit 
impairments and instead is due to increasing market interest rates.  For the State and political subdivision portfolio, the majority of the Company’s holdings are 
in general obligation bonds, which have a very low historical default rate due to issuers generally having unlimited taxing authority to service the debt.  For the 
State and political, Corporates, and Collateralized loan obligations portfolios, the Company has a robust process for monitoring credit risk, including both pre-
purchase and ongoing post-purchase credit reviews and analysis.  The Company monitors credit ratings of all bond issuers in these segments and reviews 
available financial data, including market and sector trends.  The Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and does not believe it is more likely 
than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before a recovery of amortized cost.  As of December 31, 2024, there is no ACL related to the 
Company’s available-for-sale securities as the decline in fair value did not result from credit issues. 
Included in Tables 14 and 15 are analyses of the fair value and average yield (tax-equivalent basis) of securities available for sale and securities held to 
maturity.
Table 14
SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE (in thousands)
 
 
U.S. Treasury Securities
 
 
U.S. Agency Securities
 
December 31, 2024
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
Due in one year or less
  $
164,461      
2.94 %
  $
75,781      
3.10 %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
1,161,612      
4.22  
   
53,266      
4.38  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Due after 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Total
  $
1,326,073      
4.06 %
  $
129,047      
3.63 %
 
 
Mortgage-backed Securities
 
 
State and Political
Subdivisions
 
December 31, 2024
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
Due in one year or less
  $
12,036      
2.34 %
  $
97,265      
2.91 %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
1,806,392      
3.27  
   
446,680      
2.97  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
2,554,980      
2.31  
   
297,816      
3.04  
Due after 10 years
   
47,522      
4.26  
   
376,808      
3.29  
Total
  $
4,420,930      
2.70 %
  $
1,218,569      
3.08 %

54
 
 
Corporates
 
 
Collateralized Loan Obligations
 
December 31, 2024
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
Due in one year or less
  $
97,907      
2.28 %
  $
—      
— %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
124,565      
1.88  
   
63,635      
6.10  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
94,698      
3.35  
   
132,289      
5.98  
Due after 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
166,621      
6.14  
Total
  $
317,170      
2.45 %
  $
362,545      
6.08 %
 
 
U.S. Treasury Securities
 
 
U.S. Agency Securities
 
December 31, 2023
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
Due in one year or less
  $
1,109,140     
3.51%
  $
60,985     
1.89%
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
189,602     
2.86 
   
98,736     
3.39 
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
—     
— 
   
—     
— 
Due after 10 years
   
—     
— 
   
—     
— 
Total
  $
1,298,742     
3.40%
  $
159,721     
2.81%
 
 
Mortgage-backed Securities
 
 
State and Political
Subdivisions
 
December 31, 2023
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
Due in one year or less
  $
9,590     
2.77%
  $
76,610     
2.90%
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
1,211,344     
2.55 
   
365,953     
2.63 
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
2,368,394     
1.73 
   
422,410     
2.92 
Due after 10 years
   
31,457     
3.80 
   
422,002     
3.29 
Total
  $
3,620,785     
2.01%
  $
1,286,975     
2.96%
 
 
Corporates
 
 
Collateralized Loan Obligations
 
December 31, 2023
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average Yield
 
Due in one year or less
  $
46,746     
2.97%
  $
—     
—%
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
214,084     
1.97 
   
159,371     
6.96 
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
90,445     
3.34 
   
151,896     
6.81 
Due after 10 years
   
—     
— 
   
39,848     
7.44 
Total
  $
351,275     
2.48%
  $
351,115     
6.95%
Table 15
SECURITIES HELD TO MATURITY (in thousands)
 
 
U.S. Agency Securities
   
Mortgage-backed Securities
 
December 31, 2024
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield/Average
Maturity
   
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield/Average
Maturity
 
Due in one year or less
  $
115,750      
3.08 %   $
116      
0.07 %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
—      
—  
   
270,326      
2.32  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
1,671,839      
1.65  
Due over 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
162,371      
1.85  
Total
  $
115,750      
3.08 %   $
2,104,652      
1.74 %

55
 
 
State and Political Subdivisions
 
December 31, 2024
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield/Average
Maturity
 
Due in one year or less
  $
90,690      
4.81 %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
255,828      
3.56  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
729,501      
2.86  
Due over 10 years
   
1,452,517      
3.40  
Total
  $
2,528,536      
3.31 %
 
 
U.S. Agency Securities
   
Mortgage-backed Securities
 
December 31, 2023
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield/Average
Maturity
   
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield/Average
Maturity
 
Due in one year or less
  $
6,933      
2.91 %   $
—      
— %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
113,591      
3.08  
   
325,315      
2.31  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
1,610,142      
1.63  
Due over 10 years
   
—      
—  
   
446,157      
1.78  
Total
  $
120,524      
3.07 %   $
2,381,614      
1.74 %
 
 
 
State and Political Subdivisions
 
December 31, 2023
 
Fair Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield/Average
Maturity
 
Due in one year or less
  $
96,966      
4.81 %
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
220,787      
3.02  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
815,220      
2.90  
Due over 10 years
   
1,548,256      
3.31  
Total
  $
2,681,229      
3.22 %
The table below provides detailed information for Other securities at December 31, 2024 and 2023:
Table 16
OTHER SECURITIES (in thousands)
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
FRB and FHLB stock
 
$
42,672    
$
87,672  
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values
 
 
11,596    
 
11,228  
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values
 
 
416,750    
 
394,035  
Total
 
$
471,018    
$
492,935  
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values are generally traded on an exchange and market prices are readily available.  Equity securities 
without readily determinable fair values are generally carried at cost less impairment.  Unrealized gains or losses on equity securities with and without readily 
determinable fair values are recognized in the Investment Securities gains, net line of the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.     
 
For further information on the Company’s investment securities, refer to Note 4, “Securities,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

56
Other Earning Assets
Federal funds transactions essentially are overnight loans between financial institutions, which allow for either the daily investment of excess funds or 
the daily borrowing of another institution’s funds in order to meet short-term liquidity needs.  The net borrowed position was $70.4 million at December 31, 
2024 compared to $8.8 million at December 31, 2023.  
The Bank buys and sells federal funds as agent for non-affiliated banks.  Because the transactions are pursuant to agency arrangements, these 
transactions do not appear on the balance sheet and averaged $161.7 million in 2024 and $192.6 million in 2023.
At December 31, 2024, the Company held securities purchased under agreements to resell of $545.0 million compared to $240.3 million at December 
31, 2023.  The Company uses these instruments as short-term secured investments, in lieu of selling federal funds, or to acquire securities required for collateral 
purposes.  Balances will fluctuate based on the Company’s liquidity and investment decisions as well as the Company’s correspondent bank borrowing levels.  
These investments averaged $303.0 million in 2024 and $310.5 million in 2023.
The Company also maintains an active securities trading inventory.  The average holdings in the securities trading inventory in 2024 were $22.3 million, 
compared to $14.0 million in 2023, and were recorded at fair market value.  As discussed in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – 
Trading Account” in Part II, Item 7A, the Company offsets the trading account securities by the sale of exchange-traded financial futures contracts, with both 
the trading account and futures contracts marked to market daily.
Interest-bearing due from banks totaled $8.0 billion as of December 31, 2024 compared to $5.2 billion as of December 31, 2023 and includes amounts 
due from the FRB and interest-bearing accounts held at other financial institutions.  The amount due from the FRB averaged $3.4 billion and $2.0 billion during 
the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  The increase in the FRB balance at December 31, 2024 compared to the prior year is primarily due 
to an increase in deposit balances.  The interest-bearing accounts held at other financial institutions totaled $110.8 million and $78.7 million at December 31, 
2024 and 2023, respectively.    
Deposits and Borrowed Funds
Deposits represent the Company’s primary funding source for its asset base.  In addition to the core deposits garnered by the Company’s retail branch 
structure, the Company continues to focus on its cash management services, as well as its asset management and mutual fund servicing businesses in order to 
attract and retain additional core deposits.  Deposits totaled $43.1 billion at December 31, 2024 and $35.8 billion at December 31, 2023, an increase of $7.3 
billion, or 20.5%. There were $1.0 billion and $1.9 billion of brokered deposits as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Deposits 
averaged $35.3 billion in 2024, and $31.8 billion in 2023. 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits averaged $10.1 billion in 2024 and $10.6 billion in 2023.  These deposits represented 28.5% of average deposits in 
2024, compared to 33.5% in 2023.  The Company’s large commercial customer base provides a significant source of noninterest-bearing deposits.  Many of 
these commercial accounts do not earn interest; however, they receive an earnings credit to offset the cost of other services provided by the Company.
Table 17
MATURITIES OF UNINSURED TIME DEPOSITS (in thousands)
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Maturing within 3 months
  $
750,150     $
445,239  
After 3 months but within 6 months
   
72,123      
65,985  
After 6 months but within 12 months
   
34,937      
44,077  
After 12 months
   
7,075      
21,384  
Total
  $
864,285     $
576,685  

57
As of December 31, 2024, there were an estimated $31.0 billion of uninsured deposits, as compared to $24.4 billion as of December 31, 2023. Estimated 
uninsured deposits comprised approximately 72.0% and 68.2% of total deposits as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.  A portion of 
these uninsured deposits represent affiliate deposits and collateralized deposits. Affiliate deposits represent deposit accounts owned by the wholly owned 
subsidiaries of UMB Financial Corporation that are on deposit at the Bank.  Collateralized deposits are public fund deposits or corporate trust deposits that are 
collateralized by high quality securities within the investment portfolio. Excluding affiliate deposits of $2.4 billion and collateralized deposits of $6.0 billion, the 
adjusted estimated uninsured deposits were $22.7 billion as of December 31, 2024.  Excluding affiliate deposits of $2.0 billion and collateralized deposits of 
$6.2 billion, the adjusted estimated uninsured deposits were $16.2 billion as of December 31, 2023. The adjusted ratio of estimated uninsured deposits, 
excluding affiliate and collateralized deposits, as a percentage of total deposits was approximately 52.6% and 45.3% as of December 31, 2024, and December 
31, 2023, respectively.
 
The Company participates in the IntraFi Cash Service program, which allows its customers to place deposits into the program to receive reciprocal FDIC 
insurance coverage. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion of deposits in the program, respectively.
Table 18
ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE DEPOSITS (in thousands)
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Amount:
 
 
   
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand
  $
10,077,251     $
10,640,344  
Interest-bearing demand and savings
   
22,949,608      
18,374,884  
Time deposits under $250,000
   
1,113,096      
1,967,028  
Total core deposits
   
34,139,955      
30,982,256  
Time deposits of $250,000 or more
   
1,161,497      
780,393  
Total deposits
  $
35,301,452     $
31,762,649  
 
 
    
 
 
As a % of total deposits:
 
    
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand
   
28.5 %   
33.5 %
Interest-bearing demand and savings
   
65.0      
57.8  
Time deposits under $250,000
   
3.2      
6.2  
Total core deposits
   
96.7      
97.5  
Time deposits of $250,000 or more
   
3.3      
2.5  
Total deposits
   
100.0 %   
100.0 %
Capital Resources and Liquidity
The Company places a significant emphasis on the maintenance of a strong capital position, which it believes promotes investor confidence, provides 
access to funding sources under favorable terms, and enhances the Company’s ability to capitalize on business growth and acquisition opportunities.  Higher 
levels of liquidity, however, bear corresponding costs, measured in terms of lower yields on short-term, more liquid earning assets, and higher expenses for 
extended liability maturities.  The Company manages capital for each subsidiary based upon the subsidiary’s respective risks and growth opportunities as well 
as regulatory requirements.
Total shareholders’ equity increased $366.1 million, or 11.8% to $3.5 billion at December 31, 2024 as compared to December 31, 2023. The increase in 
shareholders’ equity from 2023 to 2024 is largely due to an increase in retained earnings. 
The Board authorized, at its April 26, 2022 meeting, the repurchase of up to two million shares of the Company’s common stock during the twelve 
months following the meeting (a Repurchase Authorization).  The Board authorized, at its July 25, 2023, and April 30, 2024 meetings, the repurchase of up to 
one million shares of the Company's common stock.  The July 2023 Repurchase Authorization terminated on April 30, 2024, and the April 2024 Repurchase 
Authorization will terminate on April 29, 2025.  During 2024 and 2023,  the Company did not 

58
repurchase shares of common stock pursuant to any of its announced Repurchase Authorizations.  The Company has not made any repurchase of its securities 
other than pursuant to the Repurchase Authorizations.
On April 28, 2024, the Company entered into the Merger Agreement with HTLF, a Delaware corporation and Blue Sky Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware 
corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Merger Agreement and the merger were unanimously approved by the boards of directors of the 
Company and HTLF. Pending regulatory approval and approval by the shareholders of the Company and HTLF, and the merger closed on January 31, 2025. 
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, HTLF stockholders received a fixed exchange ratio of 0.55 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of 
HTLF stock, with a total market value of approximately $2.8 billion.
Additionally, on April 29, 2024, the Company also announced that in connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, it entered into a forward 
sale agreement with BofA Securities, Inc. or its affiliate to issue 2.8 million shares of its common stock. The underwriters were granted an option to purchase up 
to an additional 420 thousand shares of the Company's common stock exercisable within 30 days of April 28, 2024. The underwriters exercised this option in 
full on April 30, 2024, upon which the Company entered into an additional forward sale agreement relating to the 420 thousand shares of the Company's 
common stock. The forward sale agreements are classified as an equity instrument under ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. The Company expects 
to receive net proceeds of approximately $231.8 million from the sale of shares of common stock and settlement of the forward sale agreements.
Risk-based capital guidelines established by regulatory agencies set minimum capital standards based on the level of risk associated with a financial 
institution’s assets.  The Company has implemented the Basel III regulatory capital rules adopted by the FRB.  Basel III capital rules include a minimum ratio of 
common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5% and a minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%.  A financial institution’s total capital is also 
required to equal at least 8% of risk-weighted assets.  
The risk-based capital guidelines indicate the specific risk weightings by type of asset.  Certain off-balance sheet items (such as standby letters of credit 
and binding loan commitments) are multiplied by credit conversion factors to translate them into balance sheet equivalents before assigning them specific risk 
weightings.  The Company is also required to maintain a leverage ratio equal to or greater than 4%.  The leverage ratio is tier 1 core capital to total average 
assets less goodwill and intangibles.  The Company's capital position as of December 31, 2024 is summarized in the table below and exceeded regulatory 
requirements.
Table 19
RISK-BASED CAPITAL (in thousands)
This table computes risk-based capital in accordance with current regulatory guidelines.  These guidelines as of December 31, 2024, excluded net 
unrealized gains or losses on securities available for sale and net unrealized losses on securities held to maturity transferred from the available-for-sale 
category from the computation of regulatory capital and the related risk-based capital ratios.
 
 
Risk-Weighted Category
 
 
 
0%
   
20%
   
50%
   
100%
   
150%
   
Total
 
Risk-Weighted Assets
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Loans held for sale
  $
—     $
—     $
2,756     $
—     $
—     $
2,756  
Loans and leases
   
116,100      
77,487      
2,600,057      
22,777,404      
71,253      
25,642,301  
Securities available for sale
   
2,736,578      
5,333,186      
7,175      
330,737      
—      
8,407,676  
Securities held to maturity
   
405,827      
3,982,199      
1,162,167      
—      
—      
5,550,193  
Trading securities
   
1,620      
8,369      
11,468      
7,076      
—      
28,533  
Cash and due from banks
   
8,018,852      
540,593      
—      
—      
—      
8,559,445  
All other assets
   
44,123      
31,742      
34,690      
2,124,087      
—      
2,234,642  
Category totals
  $
11,323,100     $
9,973,576     $
3,818,313     $
25,239,304     $
71,253     $
50,425,546  
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
   
Risk-weighted totals
  $
—     $
1,994,716     $
1,909,157     $
25,239,304     $
106,880     $
29,250,057  
Off-balance-sheet items 
   
—      
70,069      
10,437      
4,335,360      
463     $
4,416,329  
Total risk-weighted assets
  $
—     $
2,064,785     $
1,919,594     $
29,574,664     $
107,343     $
33,666,386  
(3)

59
 
 
Total
 
Regulatory Capital
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity
  $
3,466,541  
Less adjustments 
   
335,716  
Common equity Tier 1/Tier 1 capital
   
3,802,257  
Additional Tier 2 capital 
   
643,615  
Total capital
  $
4,445,872  
 
 
Company
 
Capital ratios
 
 
 
Common Equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
   
11.29 %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
   
11.29 %
Total capital to risk-weighted assets
   
13.21 %
Leverage ratio (Tier 1 capital to total average assets less adjustments )
   
8.50 %
(1)
Adjustments include a portion of goodwill and intangibles as well as unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale securities, cash flow hedges, and the 
impact of the Company’s election to use the five-year CECL transition.
(2)
Includes the Company’s ACL (inclusive of the reserve for off-balance sheet arrangements), subordinated long-term debt, and trust preferred 
subordinated notes.  
(3)
After credit conversion factor and risk weighting is applied.   
For further discussion of regulatory capital requirements, see Note 10, “Regulatory Requirements” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial 
Statements under Item 8.
 
Repurchase agreements are transactions involving the exchange of investment funds by the customer for securities by the Company, under an agreement 
to repurchase the same issues at an agreed-upon price and date.  Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased totaled $2.6 billion 
at December 31, 2024, and $2.1 billion at December 31, 2023. Repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased averaged $2.3 billion in 2024 and $2.2 
billion in 2023.  The Company enters into these transactions with its downstream correspondent banks, commercial customers, and various trust, mutual fund, 
and local government relationships. 
The Company is a member bank with the FHLB of Des Moines, and through this relationship, the Company owns FHLB stock and has access to 
additional liquidity and funding sources through FHLB advances.  The Company’s borrowing capacity is dependent upon the amount of collateral the Company 
places at the FHLB.  As of December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company owned $10.2 million and $55.2 million of FHLB stock, respectively. 
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no outstanding advances at the FHLB of Des Moines. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had one 
short-term advance for $1.0 billion outstanding at the FHLB of Des Moines.  Additionally, in both 2024 and 2023, the FHLB of Des Moines issued a letter of 
credit for $150.0 million on behalf of the Company to secure deposits. The letter of credit outstanding as of December 31, 2024 expired in January 2025 and 
was subsequently renewed with an expiration date in March 2025.  Based on the collateral pledged, the Company had $1.8 billion of borrowing capacity 
remaining at the FHLB at December 31, 2024.  
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no borrowings outstanding with the Federal Reserve Bank's Bank Term Funding Program (BTFP).  As of 
December 31, 2023, the Company had an $800.0 million short-term borrowing outstanding with the BTFP. The FRB terminated the BTFP during 2024. As of 
December 31, 2024, the Company's borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Discount Window was $12.5 billion.
In addition to the borrowing capacity with the FHLB and at the Federal Reserve Discount Window as described above, the Company had additional 
liquidity of $12.4 billion available via cash, unpledged bond collateral, the federal funds market, and the IntraFi Cash Service program as of December 31, 
2024. 
 
Long-term debt totaled $385.3 million at December 31, 2024, compared to $383.2 million at December 31, 2023.  In September 2022, the Company 
issued $110.0 million in aggregate subordinated notes due in September 2032.  The Company received $107.9 million, after deducting underwriting discounts 
and commissions and offering 
(1)
(2)
(1)

60
expenses, and used the proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including, among other uses, contributing Tier 1 capital into the Bank.  The 
subordinated notes were issued with a fixed-to-fixed rate of 6.25% and an effective rate of 6.64% due to issuance costs, with an interest rate reset date of 
September 2027.  
 
In September 2020, the Company issued $200.0 million in aggregate subordinated notes due in September 2030.  The Company received $197.7 million, 
after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, and used the proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, 
including, among other uses, contributing Tier 1 capital into the Bank. The subordinated notes were issued with a fixed-to-fixed rate of 3.70% and an effective 
rate of 3.93%, due to issuance costs, with an interest rate reset date of September 2025.  
 
The remainder of the Company’s long-term debt was assumed from the acquisition of Marquette Financial Companies (Marquette) in 2015 and consists 
of debt obligations payable to four unconsolidated trusts (Marquette Capital Trust I, Marquette Capital Trust II, Marquette Capital Trust III, and Marquette 
Capital Trust IV) that previously issued trust preferred securities.  These long-term debt obligations had an aggregate contractual balance of $103.1 million and 
had a carrying value of $76.8 million at December 31, 2024 and $75.6 million at December 31, 2023.  Interest rates on trust preferred securities are tied to the 
three-month term SOFR with spreads ranging from 133 basis points to 160 basis points and reset quarterly. The trust preferred securities have maturity dates 
ranging from January 2036 to September 2036.  For further information on long-term debt refer to Note 9, “Borrowed Funds,” in the Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements.
The Company has material off-balance sheet arrangements in the form of loan commitments, commercial and standby letters of credit, futures contracts 
and forward exchange contracts, which have maturity dates rather than payment due dates.  These commitments and contingent liabilities are not required to be 
recorded on the Company’s balance sheet.  Since commitments associated with letters of credit and lending and financing arrangements may expire unused, the 
amounts shown do not necessarily reflect the actual future cash funding requirements.  See Table 20 below, as well as Note 15, “Commitments, Contingencies 
and Guarantees” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 for detailed information and further discussion of these arrangements.  
Management does not anticipate any material losses from its off-balance sheet arrangements. 
Table 20
COMMITMENTS, MATERIAL CASH REQUIREMENTS AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS (in thousands)
The table below details the commitments, material cash requirements, and off-balance sheet arrangements for the Company as of December 31, 2024 
and includes principal payments only.  The Company has no capital leases or long-term purchase obligations.
 
 
Payments due by Period
 
 
 
Total
   
Less than 1 
year
   
1-3 years
   
3-5 years
   
More than 5 
years
 
Material Cash Requirements
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements
  $
2,609,715     $
2,609,715     $
—     $
—     $
—  
Long-term debt obligations
   
413,096      
—      
—      
—      
413,096  
Operating lease obligations
   
65,796      
11,994      
21,622      
17,473      
14,707  
Time deposits
   
2,127,667      
2,053,301      
62,917      
9,016      
2,433  
Total
  $
5,216,274     $
4,675,010     $
84,539     $
26,489     $
430,236  

61
 
 
Maturities due by Period
 
 
 
Total
   
Less than 1 
year
   
1-3 years
   
3-5 years
   
More than 5 
years
 
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Commitments to extend credit for loans (excluding credit card loans)
  $ 12,904,749     $
5,410,009     $
4,978,117     $
1,771,855     $
744,768  
Commitments to extend credit under credit card loans
   
5,474,758      
5,474,758      
—      
—      
—  
Commercial letters of credit
   
311      
311      
—      
—      
—  
Standby letters of credit
   
404,697      
275,939      
124,341      
4,417      
—  
Forward contracts
   
55,174      
55,174      
—      
—      
—  
Spot foreign exchange contracts
   
50,006      
50,006      
—      
—      
—  
Commitments to extend credit for securities purchased under 
agreements to resell
   
96,000      
66,000      
30,000      
—      
—  
Total
  $ 18,985,695     $ 11,332,197     $
5,132,458     $
1,776,272     $
744,768  
As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s total liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits were $8.3 million.  The Company cannot reasonably estimate the 
settlement of these liabilities.  Therefore, these liabilities have been excluded from the table above.  See Note 16, “Income Taxes,” in the Notes to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits.
For further discussion of capital and liquidity, see the “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk – Liquidity Risk” in Item 7A of this 
report.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, 
which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP).  The preparation of these 
Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the 
disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting 
period.  On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to customers and suppliers, allowance for credit 
losses, bad debts, investments, financing operations, long-lived assets, taxes, other contingencies and litigation.  Management bases its estimates and judgments 
on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which have formed the basis for 
making such judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  Under different assumptions or 
conditions, actual results may differ from the recorded estimates. 
Management believes that the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates are those relating to the allowance for credit losses.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company’s ACL represents management’s judgment of the total expected losses included in the Company’s assets held at amortized cost. The 
Company’s process for recording the ACL is based on the evaluation of the Company’s lifetime historical loss experience, management’s understanding of the 
credit quality inherent in the loan portfolio, and the impact of the current economic environment, coupled with reasonable and supportable economic forecasts.
 
A mathematical calculation of an estimate is made to assist in determining the adequacy and reasonableness of management’s recorded ACL.  To 
develop the estimate, the Company follows the guidelines in ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses.  The estimate reserves for assets held at 
amortized cost, which include the Company’s loan and held-to-maturity security portfolios.  
 
The estimation process involves the consideration of quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to the specific segmentation of loans.  These factors 
have been established over decades of financial institution experience 

62
and include economic observation and loan loss characteristics.  This process is designed to produce a lifetime estimate of the losses, at a reporting date, that is 
based on evaluation of historical loss experience, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts, and the qualitative framework outlined by 
the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency in the published 2020 Interagency Policy Statement.  This process allows management to take a holistic view of 
the recorded ACL reserve and ensure that all significant and pertinent information is considered in its estimate.
 
The Company considers a variety of factors to ensure the safety and soundness of its estimate including a strong internal control framework, extensive 
methodology documentation, credit underwriting standards which encompass the Company’s desired risk profile, model validation, and ratio analysis.  If the 
Company’s total ACL estimate, as determined in accordance with the approved ACL methodology, is either outside a reasonable range based on review of 
economic indicators or by comparison of historical ratio analysis, the ACL estimate is an outlier and management will investigate the underlying reason(s).  
Based on that investigation, issues or factors that previously had not been considered may be identified in the estimation process, which may warrant 
adjustments to estimated credit losses.
The ending result of this process is a recorded consolidated ACL that represents management’s best estimate of the total expected losses included in the 
loan and held-to-maturity security portfolios considering available information, from internal and external sources, relevant to assessing exposure to credit loss 
over the contractual term of the instrument.  While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the ACL is 
dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including the performance of its portfolios, the economy, and changes in interest rates. As 
such, significant downturns in circumstances relating to loan quality and economic conditions could result in a requirement for additional allowance.  Likewise, 
an upturn in loan quality and improved economic conditions may allow a reduction in the required allowance. In either instance, unanticipated changes could 
have a significant impact on the Company’s Provision for credit losses and ACL reported in its Consolidated Income Statements and Consolidated Balance 
Sheets, respectively.
For more information on loan portfolio segments, the Company’s ACL methodology, and management’s assumptions in estimating the ACL, refer to the 
section captioned “Allowance for Credit Losses” within Note 3, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

63
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Risk Management
Market risk is a broad term for the risk of economic loss due to adverse changes in the fair value of a financial instrument.  These changes may be the 
result of various factors, including interest rates, foreign exchange prices, commodity prices, or equity prices.  Financial instruments that are subject to market 
risk can be classified either as held for trading or held for purposes other than trading.
The Company is subject to market risk primarily through the effect of changes in interest rates of its assets held for purposes other than trading.  The 
following discussion of interest rate risk, however, combines instruments held for trading and instruments held for purposes other than trading because the 
instruments held for trading represent such a small portion of the Company’s portfolio that the interest rate risk associated with them is immaterial.
Interest Rate Risk
In the banking industry, a major risk exposure is changing interest rates.  To minimize the effect of interest rate changes to net interest income and 
exposure levels to economic losses, the Company manages its exposure to changes in interest rates through asset and liability management within guidelines 
established by its Asset Liability Committee (ALCO) and approved by the Board.  The ALCO is responsible for approving and ensuring compliance with 
asset/liability management policies, including interest rate exposure.  The Company’s primary method for measuring and analyzing consolidated interest rate 
risk is the Net Interest Income Simulation Analysis.  The Company also uses a Net Portfolio Value model to measure market value risk under various rate 
change scenarios and a gap analysis to measure maturity and repricing relationships between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities at specific 
points in time.  On a limited basis, the Company uses hedges such as swaps, rate floors, and futures contracts to manage interest rate risk on certain loans, 
trading securities, trust preferred securities, and deposits.  See further information in Note 17 “Derivatives and Hedging Activities” in the Notes to the 
Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
Overall, the Company attempts to manage interest rate risk by positioning the balance sheet to maximize net interest income while maintaining an 
acceptable level of interest rate and credit risk, remaining mindful of the relationship among profitability, liquidity, interest rate risk and credit risk. 
Net Interest Income Modeling
The Company’s primary interest rate risk tool, the Net Interest Income Simulation Analysis, measures interest rate risk and the effect of interest rate 
changes on net interest income and net interest margin.  This analysis incorporates all of the Company’s assets and liabilities together with assumptions that 
reflect the current interest rate environment.  Through these simulations, management estimates the impact on net interest income of a 200-basis-point upward 
or a 300-basis-point downward gradual change (e.g. ramp) and immediate change (e.g. shock) of market interest rates over a two-year period.  In ramp 
scenarios, rates change gradually for a one-year period and remain constant in year two.  In shock scenarios, rates change immediately and the change is 
sustained for the remainder of the two year scenario horizon.  Assumptions are made to project rates for new loans and deposits based on historical analysis, 
management outlook and repricing strategies.  Asset prepayments and other market risks are developed from industry estimates of prepayment speeds and other 
market changes.  The results of these simulations can be significantly influenced by assumptions utilized and management evaluates the sensitivity of the 
simulation results on a regular basis.    

64
Table 21 shows the net interest income percentage increase or decrease over the next twelve- and twenty-four-month periods as of December 31, 2024 
and 2023 based on hypothetical changes in interest rates and a constant sized balance sheet with runoff being replaced.    
Table 21
MARKET RISK
 
 
Hypothetical change in interest rate – Rate Ramp
 
 
 
Year One
   
Year Two
 
 
 
December 31,
2024
   
December 31,
2023
   
December 31,
2024
   
December 31,
2023
 
(basis points)
  Percentage change
    Percentage change
    Percentage change     Percentage change  
200
   
(3.9 )%   
(0.7 )%   
1.3 %   
4.2 %
100
   
(2.3 )
   
(0.3 )
   
(0.2 )    
2.2  
Static
   
—  
   
—  
   
—      
—  
(100)
   
3.0  
   
0.3  
   
0.7      
(3.1 )
(200)
   
6.1  
   
0.9  
   
1.6      
(5.7 )
(300)
   
9.1  
   
1.5  
   
1.5      
(8.8 )
 
 
Hypothetical change in interest rate – Rate Shock
 
 
 
Year One
   
Year Two
 
 
 
December 31,
2024
   
December 31,
2023
   
December 31,
2024
   
December 31,
2023
 
(basis points)
  Percentage change
    Percentage change     Percentage change     Percentage change  
200
   
(2.7 )%   
3.1 %   
3.0 %   
7.4 %
100
   
(2.3 )
   
1.6      
0.6      
3.8  
Static
   
—  
   
—      
—      
—  
(100)
   
3.4  
   
(1.7 )    
(0.4 )    
(4.7 )
(200)
   
6.8  
   
(2.8 )    
(0.7 )    
(9.3 )
(300)
   
9.1  
   
(3.5 )    
(2.3 )    
(14.3 )
The Company is liability sensitive to changes in interest rates in the next year.  Net interest income is predicted to decrease in all upward rate scenarios 
and increase in all downward rate scenarios.  In year two, net interest income is predicted to increase in all upward rate shock scenarios and decrease in all 
downward rate shock scenarios.  In rate ramp scenarios net interest income is predicted to increase in all scenarios except for the 100-basis-point upward ramp 
scenario.  The Company’s ability to price deposits consistent with its historical approach is a key assumption in these scenarios.  
Repricing Mismatch Analysis
The Company also evaluates its interest rate sensitivity position in an attempt to maintain a balance between the amount of interest-bearing assets and 
interest-bearing liabilities which are expected to mature or reprice at any point in time.  While a traditional repricing mismatch analysis (gap analysis) provides a 
snapshot of interest rate risk, it does not take into consideration that assets and liabilities with similar repricing characteristics may not, in fact, reprice at the 
same time or the same degree.  Also, it does not necessarily predict the impact of changes in general levels of interest rates on net interest income.

65
Table 22 is a static gap analysis, which presents the Company’s assets and liabilities, based on their repricing or maturity characteristics and reflecting 
principal amortization.  Table 23 presents the break-out of fixed and variable rate loans by repricing or maturity characteristics for each loan class. 
Table 22
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS (in millions)
 
 
1-90
   
91-180
   
181-365
   
 
   
1-5
   
Over 5
   
 
 
 
 
Days
   
Days
   
Days
   
Total
   
Years
   
Years
   
Total
 
December 31, 2024 Earning assets
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
     
 
Loans
  $
16,421.1  
  $
531.3  
  $
865.8  
  $
17,818.2  
  $
5,676.3  
  $
2,150.6     $
25,645.1  
Securities
   
1,054.4  
   
618.9  
   
657.6  
   
2,330.9  
   
5,538.6  
   
5,754.8      
13,624.3  
Federal funds sold and resell agreements
   
545.0  
   
—  
   
—  
   
545.0  
   
—  
   
—      
545.0  
Other
   
8,014.2  
   
—  
   
—  
   
8,014.2  
   
0.5  
   
—      
8,014.7  
Total earning assets
  $
26,034.7  
  $
1,150.2  
  $
1,523.4  
  $
28,708.3  
  $
11,215.4  
  $
7,905.4     $
47,829.1  
% of total earning assets
   
54.4 %    
2.4 %    
3.2 %    
60.0 %    
23.5 %    
16.5 %    
100.0 %
Funding sources
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Interest-bearing demand and savings
  $
27,397.2  
  $
—  
  $
—  
  $
27,397.2  
  $
—  
  $
—     $
27,397.2  
Time deposits
   
1,412.8  
   
404.8  
   
235.7  
   
2,053.3  
   
72.0  
   
2.4      
2,127.7  
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements
   
2,609.7  
   
—  
   
—  
   
2,609.7  
   
—  
   
—      
2,609.7  
Long term debt
   
76.8  
   
—  
   
199.7  
   
276.5  
   
108.8  
   
—      
385.3  
Noninterest-bearing sources
   
13,617.1  
   
—  
   
—  
   
13,617.1  
   
—  
   
1,692.1      
15,309.2  
Total funding sources
  $
45,113.6  
  $
404.8  
  $
435.4  
  $
45,953.8  
  $
180.8  
  $
1,694.5     $
47,829.1  
% of total earning assets
   
94.3 %    
0.8 %    
1.0 %    
96.1 %    
0.4 %    
3.5 %    
100.0 %
Interest sensitivity gap
  $
(19,078.9 )
  $
745.4  
  $
1,088.0  
  $
(17,245.5 )
  $
11,034.6  
  $
6,210.9    
 
 
Cumulative gap
   
(19,078.9 )
   
(18,333.5 )
   
(17,245.5 )
   
(17,245.5 )
   
(6,210.9 )
   
—    
 
 
As a % of total earning assets
   
(39.9 )%    
(38.3 )%    
(36.1 )%    
(36.1 )%    
(13.0 )%    
— %  
 
 
Ratio of earning assets to funding sources
   
0.58  
   
2.84  
   
3.50  
   
0.62  
   
62.03  
   
4.67    
 
 
Cumulative ratio of earning assets to funding sources
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
2024
   
0.58  
   
0.60  
   
0.62  
   
0.62  
   
0.87  
   
1.00      
 
2023
   
0.61  
   
0.61  
   
0.64  
   
0.64  
   
0.88  
   
1.00    
 
 

66
Table 23
Maturities and Sensitivities to Changes in Interest Rates
This table details loan maturities by variable and fixed rates as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
 
 
Due in one 
year or less
   
Due after one 
year through 
five years
   
Due after five 
years through 
fifteen years
   
Due after 
fifteen years
   
Total
 
Variable Rate
 
     
       
   
     
   
Commercial and industrial
  $
8,154,233     $
32,809     $
25     $
—     $
8,187,067  
Specialty lending
   
469,194      
—      
—      
—      
469,194  
Commercial real estate
   
6,129,672      
107,380      
2,470      
—      
6,239,522  
Consumer real estate
   
553,279      
557,575      
265,245      
—      
1,376,099  
Consumer
   
107,335      
39      
—      
—      
107,374  
Credit cards
   
578,716      
50      
—      
—      
578,766  
Leases and other
   
155,425      
258      
—      
—      
155,683  
Total variable rate loans
   
16,147,854      
698,111      
267,740      
—      
17,113,705  
 
 
     
     
     
       
 
Fixed Rate
 
     
     
     
       
 
Commercial and industrial
   
634,199      
1,884,237      
195,999      
—      
2,714,435  
Specialty lending
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Commercial real estate
   
697,756      
2,362,633      
829,143      
2,231      
3,891,763  
Consumer real estate
   
290,643      
669,756      
636,992      
216,396      
1,813,787  
Consumer
   
47,724      
37,799      
866      
97      
86,486  
Credit cards
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Leases and other
   
—      
23,712      
1,169      
—      
24,881  
Total fixed rate loans
   
1,670,322      
4,978,137      
1,664,169      
218,724      
8,531,352  
Total loans and loans held for sale
  $
17,818,176     $
5,676,248     $
1,931,909     $
218,724     $
25,645,057  
Trading Account
The Bank carries taxable governmental securities in a trading account that is maintained in accordance with Board-approved policy and procedures.  The 
policy limits the amount and type of securities that can be carried in the trading account and requires compliance with any limits under applicable law and 
regulations and mandates the use of a value-at-risk methodology to manage price volatility risks within financial parameters.  The risk associated with the 
carrying of trading securities is offset by the sale of exchange-traded financial futures contracts, with both the trading account and futures contracts marked to 
market daily.  This account had a balance of $28.5 million as of December 31, 2024, compared to $18.1 million as of December 31, 2023.
The Company is subject to market risk primarily through the effect of changes in interest rates of its assets held for purposes other than trading.  The 
discussion in Table 22 above of interest rate risk, however, combines instruments held for trading and instruments held for purposes other than trading, because 
the instruments held for trading represent such a small portion of the Company’s portfolio that the interest rate risk associated with them is immaterial.
Other Market Risk
The Company has minimal foreign currency risk as a result of foreign exchange contracts.  See Note 10, “Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees” 
in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Credit Risk Management
Credit risk represents the risk that a customer or counterparty may not perform in accordance with contractual terms.  The Company utilizes a centralized 
credit administration function, which provides information on the Bank’s risk levels, delinquencies, an internal risk grading system and overall credit exposure.  
Loan requests are centrally reviewed to ensure the consistent application of the loan policy and standards.  In addition, the Company has an internal loan review 
staff that operates independently of the Bank.  This review team performs periodic 

67
examinations of the Bank’s loans for credit quality, documentation and loan administration.  The respective regulatory authority of the Bank also reviews loan 
portfolios.
A primary indicator of credit quality and risk management is the level of nonperforming loans.  Nonperforming loans include both nonaccrual loans and 
restructured loans on nonaccrual.  The Company’s nonperforming loans increased $6.1 million to $19.3 million at December 31, 2024, compared to December 
31, 2023.  There was an immaterial amount of interest recognized on nonperforming loans during 2024, 2023, and 2022.
The Company had $1.6 million and $1.7 million of other real estate owned as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2022, respectively.  Other 
repossessed assets totaled $26.8 million as of December 31, 2024. Loans past due more than 90 days and still accruing interest totaled $7.6 million as of 
December 31, 2024, compared to $3.1 million as of December 31, 2023.
A loan is generally placed on nonaccrual status when payments are past due 90 days or more and/or when management has considerable doubt about the 
borrower’s ability to repay on the terms originally contracted.  The accrual of interest is discontinued and recorded thereafter only when actually received in 
cash.
Certain loans are restructured to provide a reduction or deferral of interest or principal due to deterioration in the financial condition of the respective 
borrowers.  The Company had $196 thousand of restructured loans at December 31, 2024 and $548 thousand at December 31, 2023.
Table 24
LOAN QUALITY (in thousands)
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
$
19,241    
$
12,828  
Restructured loans on nonaccrual
 
 
41    
 
384  
Total non-performing loans
 
 
19,282    
 
13,212  
Other real estate owned
 
 
1,612    
 
1,738  
Other repossessed assets
 
 
26,779    
 
—  
Total non-performing assets
 
$
47,673    
$
14,950  
 
 
    
 
 
Loans past due 90 days or more
 
$
7,602    
$
3,111  
Restructured loans accruing
 
 
155    
 
164  
Allowance for credit losses on loans
 
 
259,089    
 
219,738  
Ratios
 
    
 
 
Non-performing loans as a % of loans
 
 
0.08 % 
 
0.06 %
Non-performing assets as a % of loans plus other real estate owned and other repossessed assets
 
 
0.19    
 
0.06  
Non-performing assets as a % of total assets
 
 
0.09    
 
0.03  
Loans past due 90 days or more as a % of loans
 
 
0.03    
 
0.01  
Allowance for credit losses on loans as a % of loans
 
 
1.01    
 
0.95  
Allowance for credit losses on loans as a multiple of non-performing loans
 
13.44x   
16.63x
 

68
Table 25
SUMMARY OF NET CHARGE-OFFS (in thousands)
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
 
 
Net Charge-
Offs 
(Recoveries)    
Average 
Loans 
Outstandin
g
   
Net Charge-
Offs 
(Recoveries) 
to Average 
Loans 
Outstanding
   
Net Charge-
Offs 
(Recoveries)    
Average 
Loans 
Outstandin
g
   
Net Charge-
Offs 
(Recoveries) 
to Average 
Loans 
Outstanding
 
At December 31:
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Commercial and industrial
  $
3,551     $
10,169,80
5      
0.03 %   $
(248 )   $ 9,669,378      
(0.00 )%
Specialty lending
   
(4 )    
497,301      
(0.00 )    
761      
540,371      
0.14  
Commercial real estate
   
250      
9,517,745      
0.00      
155      
8,359,937      
0.00  
Consumer real estate
   
(216 )    
3,036,136      
(0.01 )    
1,140      
2,858,510      
0.04  
Consumer real estate
   
1,283      
166,278      
0.77      
1,021      
147,240      
0.69  
Credit cards
   
18,397      
587,958      
3.13      
7,645      
478,328      
1.60  
Leases and other
   
1      
234,324      
0.00      
—      
281,178      
—  
Total
  $
23,262     $
24,209,54
7      
0.10 %   $
10,474     $
22,334,94
2      
0.05 %
 
Net charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $23.3 million, compared to $10.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. 
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity represents the Company’s ability to meet financial commitments through the maturity and sale of existing assets or availability of additional 
funds.  The Company believes that the most important factor in the preservation of liquidity is maintaining public confidence that facilitates the retention and 
growth of a large, stable supply of core deposits and wholesale funds.  Ultimately, the Company believes public confidence is generated through profitable 
operations, sound credit quality and a strong capital position.  The primary source of liquidity for the Company is regularly scheduled payments on and maturity 
of assets, which include $7.8 billion of high-quality securities available for sale.  The liquidity of the Company and the Bank is also enhanced by its activity in 
the federal funds market and by its core deposits.  Additionally, management believes it can raise debt or equity capital on favorable terms in the future, should 
the need arise.
Another factor affecting liquidity is the amount of deposits and customer repurchase agreements that have pledging requirements.  All customer 
repurchase agreements require collateral in the form of a security.  The U.S. Government, other public entities, and certain trust depositors require the Company 
to pledge securities if their deposit balances are greater than the FDIC-insured deposit limitations.  These pledging requirements affect liquidity risk in that the 
related security cannot otherwise be disposed due to the pledging restriction.  At December 31, 2024, $10.5 billion, or 80.1%, of securities were pledged or used 
as collateral, compared to $10.1 billion, or 79.2%, at December 31, 2023.  
The Company also has other commercial commitments that may impact liquidity.  These commitments include unused commitments to extend credit, 
standby letters of credit and financial guarantees, and commercial letters of credit.  The total amount of these commercial commitments at December 31, 2024 
was $18.8 billion.  Since many of these commitments expire without being drawn upon, the total amount of these commercial commitments does not necessarily 
represent the future cash requirements of the Company. 
The Company’s cash requirements consist primarily of dividends to shareholders, debt service, operating expenses, and treasury stock purchases.  
Management fees and dividends received from bank and non-bank subsidiaries traditionally have been sufficient to satisfy these requirements and are expected 
to be sufficient in the future.  The declaration and payment of dividends to shareholders, as well as the amount thereof, are subject to the discretion of the Board 
and depend on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, capital levels, cash requirements, future prospects, regulatory requirements and other 
factors deemed relevant by the Board.  There can be no assurance the Company will declare and pay dividends to shareholders.  The Bank is subject to various 
rules regarding payment of dividends to the Company.  For the most part, the Bank can pay dividends at least equal to its current year’s earnings without 
seeking prior regulatory approval.  The Company also uses cash to inject capital into the Bank and its non-Bank subsidiaries to maintain adequate capital as well 
as to fund strategic initiatives.

69
Additionally, on April 29, 2024, the Company also announced that in connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, it entered into a forward 
sale agreement with BofA Securities, Inc. or its affiliate to issue 2.8 million shares of its common stock. The underwriters were granted an option to purchase up 
to an additional 420 thousand shares of the Company's common stock exercisable within 30 days of April 28, 2024. The underwriters exercised this option in 
full on April 30, 2024, upon which the Company entered into an additional forward sale agreement relating to the 420 thousand shares of the Company's 
common stock. The forward sale agreements are classified as an equity instrument under ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. The Company expects 
to receive net proceeds of approximately $231.8 million from the sale of shares of common stock and settlement of the forward sale agreements.  
 In September 2022, the Company issued $110.0 million in aggregate subordinated notes due in September 2032.  The Company received $107.9 
million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, and used the proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, 
including, among other uses, contributing Tier 1 capital into the Bank. The subordinated notes were issued with a fixed-to-fixed rate of 6.25% and an effective 
rate of 6.64%, due to issuance costs, with an interest rate reset date of September 2027.  
In September 2020, the Company issued $200.0 million in aggregate subordinated notes due in September 2030.  The Company received $197.7 million, 
after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, and used the proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, 
including, among other uses, contributing Tier 1 capital into the Bank.  The subordinated notes were issued with a fixed-to-fixed rate of 3.70% and an effective 
rate of 3.93%, due to issuance costs, with an interest rate reset date of September 2025.  
The Company is a member bank with the FHLB of Des Moines, and through this relationship, the Company owns FHLB stock and has access to 
additional liquidity and funding sources through FHLB advances.  The Company’s borrowing capacity is dependent upon the amount of collateral the Company 
places at the FHLB.  As of December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company owned $10.2 million and $55.2 million of FHLB stock, respectively. 
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no outstanding advances at the FHLB of Des Moines. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had one 
short-term advance for $1.0 billion outstanding at the FHLB of Des Moines.  Additionally, in both 2024 and 2023, the FHLB of Des Moines issued a letter of 
credit for $150.0 million on behalf of the Company to secure deposits. The letter of credit outstanding as of December 31, 2024 expired in January 2025 and 
was subsequently renewed with an expiration date in February 2025.  Based on the collateral pledged, the Company had $1.8 billion of borrowing capacity 
remaining at the FHLB at December 31, 2024.  
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no borrowings outstanding with the Federal Reserve Bank's Bank Term Funding Program (BTFP).  As of 
December 31, 2023, the Company had an $800.0 million short-term borrowing outstanding with the BTFP. The FRB terminated the BTFP during 2024. As of 
December 31, 2024, the Company's borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Discount Window was $12.5 billion.
In addition to the borrowing capacity with the FHLB and at the Federal Reserve Discount Window as described above, the Company had additional 
liquidity of $12.4 billion available via cash, unpledged bond collateral, the federal funds market, and the IntraFi Cash Service program as of December 31, 
2024. 
Operational Risk
Operational risk generally refers to the risk of loss resulting from the Company’s operations, including those operations performed for the Company by 
third parties.  This would include but is not limited to the risk of fraud by employees or persons outside the Company, the execution of unauthorized 
transactions by employees or others, errors relating to transaction processing, breaches of the internal control system and compliance requirements, and 
unplanned interruptions in service.  This risk of loss also includes the potential legal or regulatory actions that could arise as a result of an operational 
deficiency, or as a result of noncompliance with applicable regulatory standards.
The Company operates in many markets and relies on the ability of its employees and systems to properly process a high number of transactions.  In the 
event of a breakdown in internal control systems, improper operation of systems or improper employee actions, the Company could suffer financial loss, face 
regulatory action and suffer damage to its reputation.  In order to address this risk, management maintains a system of internal controls with the objective of 
providing proper transaction authorization and execution, safeguarding of assets from misuse or theft, and ensuring the reliability of financial and other data.

70
The Company maintains systems of internal controls that provide management with timely and accurate information about the Company’s operations.  
These systems have been designed to manage operational risk at appropriate levels given the Company’s financial strength, the environment in which it 
operates, and considering factors such as competition and regulation.  The Company has also established procedures that are designed to ensure that policies 
relating to conduct, ethics and business practices are followed on a uniform basis.  In certain cases, the Company has experienced losses from operational risk.  
Such losses have included the effects of operational errors that the Company has discovered and included as expense in the statement of income.  While there 
can be no assurance that the Company will not suffer such losses in the future, management continually monitors and works to improve its internal controls, 
systems and corporate-wide processes and procedures.

71
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
UMB Financial Corporation:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of UMB Financial Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2024 and 
2023, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-
year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and 
its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 27, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated 
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the 
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the 
PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing 
procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated 
or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements 
and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our 
opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate 
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Allowance for credit losses on certain loans evaluated on a collective basis
As discussed in Notes 1 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s total allowance for credit losses on loans was $259.1 million as of 
December 31, 2024, a substantial portion of which related to the allowance for credit losses for loans evaluated on a collective basis for the commercial 
and industrial and commercial real estate segments (the collective ACL). The collective ACL includes the measure of expected credit losses on a pool 
basis for loans where similar risk characteristics exist and is determined using relevant available information from internal and external sources related to 
historical credit loss experience, current 

72
conditions, and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts. The Company uses probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) models for 
the commercial and industrial and commercial real estate segments. For the commercial and industrial segment, the collective ACL is calculated by 
modeling PD over future periods multiplied by historical LGD multiplied by contractual exposure at default minus any estimated prepayments and charge 
offs. For the commercial real estate segment, the collective ACL is calculated by modeling PD over future periods based on peer bank data. The PD loss 
rate is then multiplied by historical LGD multiplied by contractual exposure at default minus any estimated prepayments and charge offs. Primary risk 
drivers are segment specific and include macro-economic variables and risk ratings of the individual loans within the commercial and industrial and 
commercial real estate loan segments. After the reasonable and supportable forecast periods, the Company reverts to historical loss experience for each 
portfolio using a cliff or straight-line reversion method. A portion of the collective ACL is comprised of qualitative factors which represent adjustments to 
historical loss experience.
We identified the assessment of the collective ACL as a critical audit matter. A high degree of audit effort, including specialized skills and knowledge, and 
subjective and complex auditor judgment was involved in the assessment of the collective ACL. Specifically, the assessment encompassed the evaluation 
of the collective ACL methodology, including the methods and models used to estimate (1) the PD and LGD and historical loss rates and their significant 
assumptions, including average prepayment rates, the economic forecast scenario, macro-economic variables, the reasonable and supportable forecast 
periods, lengths of time and methods of reversion, and risk ratings, and (2) the qualitative factors and their significant assumptions. The assessment also 
included an evaluation of the conceptual soundness and performance of the PD and LGD and historical loss rate models.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness 
of certain internal controls related to the measurement of the collective ACL, including controls related to the:
•
design of the collective ACL methodology
•
continued use of the PD and LGD and historical loss rate models
•
determination and measurement of the significant assumptions used in the PD and LGD and historical loss rate models
•
continued use of the qualitative factors
•
performance monitoring of the PD and LGD and historical loss rate models
•
analysis of the overall ACL results, trends, and ratios
•
risk ratings assigned to loans
We evaluated the Company’s process to develop the collective ACL estimate by testing certain sources of data, factors, and assumptions that the Company 
used, and considered the relevance and reliability of such data, factors, and assumptions. In addition, we involved credit risk professionals with specialized 
skills and knowledge, who assisted in:
•
evaluating the Company’s collective ACL methodology for compliance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
•
evaluating judgments made by the Company relative to the continued use and performance monitoring of the PD and LGD and historical loss rate 
models by comparing them to relevant Company specific metrics and trends and the applicable industry and regulatory practices
•
assessing the conceptual soundness and performance testing of the PD and LGD and historical loss rate models by inspecting the model 
documentation to determine whether the models are suitable for their intended use
•
evaluating the methodology used to develop the economic forecast scenario and underlying assumptions by comparing it to the Company’s business 
environment and relevant industry practices
•
testing the historical credit cycle period and evaluating the length of the reasonable and supportable forecast period by comparing to specific portfolio 
risk characteristics and trends

73
•
testing individual risk ratings for a selection of commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans by evaluating the financial performance of 
the borrower, sources of repayment, and any relevant guarantees or underlying collateral
•
evaluating the methodology used to develop the qualitative factors and the effect of those factors on the collective ACL compared with relevant credit 
risk factors and consistency with credit trends and identified limitations of the underlying quantitative models.
 
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014.
Kansas City, Missouri
February 27, 2025

74
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
ASSETS
 
 
   
 
 
Loans
 
$
25,642,301    
$
23,172,484  
Allowance for credit losses on loans
 
 
(259,089 )  
 
(219,738 )
Net loans
 
 
25,383,212    
 
22,952,746  
Loans held for sale
 
 
2,756    
 
4,420  
Securities:
 
     
   
Available for sale (amortized cost of $8,407,676 and $7,692,860, respectively)
 
 
7,774,334    
 
7,068,613  
Held to maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of $2,645 and $3,258, respectively (fair value of 
$4,748,938 and $5,183,367, respectively)
 
 
5,376,267    
 
5,688,610  
Trading securities
 
 
28,533    
 
18,093  
Other securities
 
 
471,018    
 
492,935  
Total securities
 
 
13,650,152    
 
13,268,251  
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
 
545,000    
 
245,344  
Interest-bearing due from banks
 
 
7,986,270    
 
5,159,802  
Cash and due from banks
 
 
573,175    
 
447,201  
Premises and equipment, net
 
 
221,773    
 
241,700  
Accrued income
 
 
246,095    
 
220,306  
Goodwill
 
 
207,385    
 
207,385  
Other intangibles, net
 
 
63,647    
 
71,012  
Other assets
 
 
1,530,199    
 
1,193,507  
Total assets
 
$
50,409,664    
$
44,011,674  
LIABILITIES
 
     
   
Deposits:
 
     
   
Noninterest-bearing demand
 
$
13,617,167    
$
12,130,662  
Interest-bearing demand and savings
 
 
27,397,195    
 
20,588,606  
Time deposits under $250,000
 
 
969,132    
 
2,292,899  
Time deposits of $250,000 or more
 
 
1,158,535    
 
780,692  
Total deposits
 
 
43,142,029    
 
35,792,859  
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements
 
 
2,609,715    
 
2,119,644  
Short-term debt
 
 
—    
 
1,800,000  
Long-term debt
 
 
385,292    
 
383,247  
Accrued expenses and taxes
 
 
368,457    
 
389,860  
Other liabilities
 
 
437,630    
 
425,645  
Total liabilities
 
 
46,943,123    
 
40,911,255  
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
     
   
Common stock, $1.00 par value; 80,000,000 shares authorized; 55,056,730 shares issued, 48,814,177 and 
48,554,127 shares outstanding, respectively
 
 
55,057    
 
55,057  
Capital surplus
 
 
1,145,638    
 
1,134,363  
Retained earnings
 
 
3,174,948    
 
2,810,824  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net
 
 
(573,050 )  
 
(556,935 )
Treasury stock, 6,242,553 and 6,502,603 shares, at cost, respectively
 
 
(336,052 )  
 
(342,890 )
Total shareholders' equity
 
 
3,466,541    
 
3,100,419  
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
 
$
50,409,664    
$
44,011,674  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

75
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
INTEREST INCOME
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
Loans
 
$
1,612,948    
$
1,399,961    
$
810,007  
Securities:
 
     
     
   
Taxable interest
 
 
257,562    
 
214,981    
 
192,121  
Tax-exempt interest
 
 
99,375    
 
102,197    
 
97,190  
Total securities income
 
 
356,937    
 
317,178  
   
289,311  
Federal funds and resell agreements
 
 
17,628    
 
17,647    
 
19,109  
Interest-bearing due from banks
 
 
182,145    
 
103,190    
 
18,582  
Trading securities
 
 
1,351    
 
729    
 
511  
Total interest income
 
 
2,171,009    
 
1,838,705  
   
1,137,520  
INTEREST EXPENSE
 
     
     
   
Deposits
 
 
982,302    
 
704,210    
 
167,553  
Federal funds and repurchase agreements
 
 
106,558    
 
93,026    
 
40,703  
Other
 
 
81,257    
 
121,353    
 
15,467  
Total interest expense
 
 
1,170,117    
 
918,589  
   
223,723  
Net interest income
 
 
1,000,892  
   
920,116  
   
913,797  
Provision for credit losses
 
 
61,050    
 
41,227    
 
37,900  
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
 
 
939,842    
 
878,889  
   
875,897  
NONINTEREST INCOME
 
     
     
   
Trust and securities processing
 
 
290,571    
 
257,200    
 
237,207  
Trading and investment banking
 
 
24,226    
 
19,630    
 
23,201  
Service charges on deposit accounts
 
 
84,512    
 
84,950    
 
85,167  
Insurance fees and commissions
 
 
1,257    
 
1,009    
 
1,338  
Brokerage fees
 
 
61,564    
 
54,119    
 
43,019  
Bankcard fees
 
 
87,797    
 
74,719    
 
73,451  
Investment securities gains (losses), net
 
 
10,720    
 
(3,139 )  
 
58,444  
Other
 
 
67,470    
 
53,365    
 
32,406  
Total noninterest income
 
 
628,117    
 
541,853    
 
554,233  
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
 
     
     
   
Salaries and employee benefits
 
 
593,913    
 
553,421    
 
524,431  
Occupancy, net
 
 
47,539    
 
48,502    
 
48,848  
Equipment
 
 
63,406    
 
68,718    
 
74,259  
Supplies and services
 
 
14,845    
 
16,829    
 
13,590  
Marketing and business development
 
 
28,439    
 
25,749    
 
25,699  
Processing fees
 
 
117,899    
 
103,099    
 
82,227  
Legal and consulting
 
 
46,207    
 
29,998    
 
39,095  
Bankcard
 
 
44,265    
 
32,969    
 
26,367  
Amortization of other intangible assets
 
 
7,705    
 
8,587    
 
5,037  
Regulatory fees
 
 
31,904    
 
77,010    
 
15,378  
Other
 
 
30,564    
 
34,258    
 
43,188  
Total noninterest expense
 
 
1,026,686    
 
999,140    
 
898,119  
Income before income taxes
 
 
541,273    
 
421,602    
 
532,011  
Income tax expense
 
 
100,030    
 
71,578    
 
100,329  
NET INCOME
  $
441,243     $
350,024     $
431,682  
 
 
     
     
   
PER SHARE DATA
 
     
     
   
Net income – basic
 
$
9.05    
$
7.22    
$
8.93  
Net income – diluted
 
 
8.99    
 
7.18    
 
8.86  
Dividends
 
 
1.57    
 
1.53    
 
1.49  
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic
 
 
48,747,814    
 
48,503,643    
 
48,340,922  
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted
 
 
49,056,956    
 
48,763,820    
 
48,747,399  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

76
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Net income
  $
441,243     $
350,024     $
431,682  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax:
 
     
     
   
Unrealized gains and losses on debt securities:
 
     
     
   
Change in unrealized holding gains and losses, net
   
(8,956 )    
147,977      
(1,137,417 )
Less:  Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income
   
(139 )    
279      
—  
Amortization of net unrealized loss on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-
maturity
   
35,905      
39,851      
36,894  
Change in unrealized gains and losses on debt securities
   
26,810      
188,107      
(1,100,523 )
Unrealized gains and losses on derivative hedges:
 
     
     
   
Change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative hedges, net
   
(40,530 )    
15,015      
12,608  
Less: Reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income
   
(8,069 )    
(10,654 )    
(5,353 )
Change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative hedges
   
(48,599 )    
4,361      
7,255  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax
   
(21,789 )    
192,468      
(1,093,268 )
Income tax benefit (expense)
   
5,674      
(46,668 )    
264,219  
Other comprehensive (loss) income
   
(16,115 )    
145,800      
(829,049 )
Comprehensive income (loss)
  $
425,128     $
495,824     $
(397,367 )
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

77
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
 
Common
Stock
   
Capital
Surplus
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Accumulate
d Other 
Comprehens
ive Income 
(Loss)
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Total
 
Balance January 1, 2022
  $
55,057     $
1,110,520     $
2,176,998     $
126,314     $
(323,465 )   $
3,145,424  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
   
—      
—      
431,682      
(829,049 )    
—      
(397,367 )
Dividends ($1.49 per share)
   
—      
—      
(72,594 )    
—      
—      
(72,594 )
Purchase of treasury stock
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
(31,997 )    
(31,997 )
Issuances of equity awards, net of forfeitures
   
—      
(6,143 )    
—      
—      
6,822      
679  
Recognition of equity-based compensation
   
—      
20,812      
—      
—      
—      
20,812  
Sale of treasury stock
   
—      
351      
—      
—      
245      
596  
Exercise of stock options
   
—      
409      
—      
—      
1,131      
1,540  
Balance December 31, 2022
  $
55,057     $
1,125,949     $
2,536,086     $
(702,735 )   $
(347,264 )   $
2,667,093  
Total comprehensive income
   
—      
—      
350,024      
145,800      
—      
495,824  
Dividends ($1.53 per share)
   
—      
—      
(75,286 )    
—      
—      
(75,286 )
Purchase of treasury stock
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
(8,367 )    
(8,367 )
Issuances of equity awards, net of forfeitures
   
—      
(10,385 )    
—      
—      
11,104      
719  
Recognition of equity-based compensation
   
—      
17,975      
—      
—      
—      
17,975  
Sale of treasury stock
   
—      
220      
—      
—      
296      
516  
Exercise of stock options
   
—      
604      
—      
—      
1,341      
1,945  
Balance December 31, 2023
  $
55,057     $
1,134,363     $
2,810,824     $
(556,935 )   $
(342,890 )   $
3,100,419  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
   
—      
—      
441,243      
(16,115 )    
—      
425,128  
Dividends ($1.57 per share)
   
—      
—      
(77,119 )    
—      
—      
(77,119 )
Purchase of treasury stock
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
(7,738 )    
(7,738 )
Issuances of equity awards, net of forfeitures
   
—      
(11,220 )    
—      
—      
11,923      
703  
Recognition of equity-based compensation
   
—      
21,876      
—      
—      
—      
21,876  
Sale of treasury stock
   
—      
342      
—      
—      
240      
582  
Exercise of stock options
   
—      
1,690      
—      
—      
2,413      
4,103  
Common stock issuance costs
   
—      
(1,413 )    
—      
—      
—      
(1,413 )
Balance December 31, 2024
  $
55,057     $
1,145,638     $
3,174,948     $
(573,050 )   $
(336,052 )   $
3,466,541  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

78
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
   
     
     
 
Net income
  $
441,243     $
350,024     $
431,682  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
     
     
   
Provision for credit losses
   
61,050      
41,227      
37,900  
Net amortization of premiums and discounts from acquisition
   
3,573      
1,060      
1,340  
Depreciation and amortization
   
52,771      
58,723      
54,022  
Amortization of debt issuance costs
   
876      
876      
556  
Deferred income tax benefit
   
(16,174 )    
(20,439 )    
(6,308 )
Net (increase) decrease in trading securities and other earning assets
   
(10,440 )    
(113 )    
13,895  
(Gains) losses on investment securities, net
   
(10,720 )    
3,139      
(58,444 )
Gains on sales of assets
   
(3,197 )    
(4,343 )    
(3,063 )
Amortization of securities premiums, net of discount accretion
   
44,323      
42,037      
45,184  
Originations of loans held for sale
   
(87,129 )    
(68,673 )    
(47,639 )
Gains on sales of loans held for sale, net
   
(2,279 )    
(1,693 )    
(1,195 )
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale
   
91,072      
67,924      
48,133  
Equity based compensation
   
22,579      
18,694      
21,491  
Changes in:
 
     
     
   
Accrued income
   
(24,592 )    
(31,075 )    
(58,222 )
Accrued expenses and taxes
   
(20,453 )    
148,154      
(10,995 )
Other assets and liabilities, net
   
(317,217 )    
(132,918 )    
301,217  
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
225,286      
472,604      
769,554  
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
     
     
   
Securities held to maturity:
 
     
     
   
Maturities, calls and principal repayments
   
458,174      
424,341      
460,413  
Purchases
   
(121,021 )    
(227,077 )    
(990,648 )
Securities available for sale:
 
     
     
   
Sales
   
19,154      
22,193      
—  
Maturities, calls and principal repayments
   
7,384,085      
1,204,346      
1,114,560  
Purchases
   
(8,111,653 )    
(1,162,115 )    
(1,205,396 )
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values:
 
     
     
   
Sales
   
—      
—      
46,379  
Purchases
   
(357 )    
(277 )    
(1,085 )
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values:
 
     
     
   
Sales
   
35,304      
5,614      
194  
Maturities, calls and principal repayments
   
71,963      
334,898      
172  
Purchases
   
(50,861 )    
(404,972 )    
(29,660 )
Payment of tax equity investment commitments
   
(71,244 )    
(40,806 )    
(35,854 )
Net increase in loans
   
(2,415,581 )    
(2,159,132 )    
(3,952,154 )
Net (increase) decrease in fed funds sold and resell agreements
   
(299,656 )    
713,253      
257,760  
Net cash activity from acquisitions and divestitures
   
(109,046 )    
(793 )    
548,624  
Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing balances due from other financial institutions
   
(31,753 )    
43,359      
(13,705 )
Purchases of bank premises and equipment
   
(24,206 )    
(26,910 )    
(51,716 )
Proceeds from sales of bank premises and equipment
   
4,197      
3,806      
6,731  
Purchases of bank-owned and company-owned life insurance
   
—      
(3,000 )    
—  
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(3,262,501 )    
(1,273,272 )    
(3,845,385 )

79
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
     
     
   
Net increase (decrease) in demand and savings deposits
   
8,295,094      
997,273      
(3,636,068 )
Net (decrease) increase in time deposits
   
(945,924 )    
2,156,453      
65,497  
Net increase (decrease) in fed funds purchased and repurchase agreements
   
490,071      
(102,523 )    
(1,016,268 )
Proceeds from short-term debt
   
500,000      
32,856,000      
—  
Repayment of short-term debt
   
(2,300,000 )    
(31,056,000 )    
—  
Proceeds from long-term debt
   
—      
—      
110,000  
Payment of debt issuance costs
   
—      
—      
(2,129 )
Cash dividends paid
   
(77,127 )    
(74,245 )    
(72,030 )
Payment of common stock issuance costs
   
(1,413 )    
—      
—  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and sales of treasury shares
   
4,685      
2,461      
2,136  
Purchases of treasury stock
   
(7,738 )    
(8,367 )    
(31,997 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
   
5,957,648      
4,771,052      
(4,580,859 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
2,920,433      
3,970,384      
(7,656,690 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
   
5,528,258      
1,557,874      
9,214,564  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $
8,448,691     $
5,528,258     $
1,557,874  
 
 
     
     
   
Supplemental disclosures:
 
     
     
   
Income tax payments
  $
76,930     $
79,334     $
101,952  
Total interest payments
   
1,204,688      
844,397      
196,482  
Noncash disclosures:
   
     
     
 
Acquisition of tax equity investments
  $
62,958     $
85,555     $
58,337  
Commitment to fund tax equity investments
   
62,958      
85,555      
58,337  
Transfer of loans to other real estate owned
   
828      
1,738      
12,381  
Transfer of loans to other repossessed assets
   
26,779      
—      
—  
Transfer of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity
   
—      
—      
3,823,670  
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

80
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
UMB Financial Corporation is a bank holding company, which offers a wide range of banking and other financial services to its customers through its 
branches and offices primarily in the Midwestern and Southwestern regions of the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in 
conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of 
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements.  These estimates and assumptions also impact reported amounts of revenues 
and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Following is a summary of the more significant accounting policies 
to assist the reader in understanding the financial presentation.
Consolidation
The Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements (references hereinafter to the Company in these 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements include wholly owned subsidiaries).  Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in 
consolidation.
Revenue Recognition
Interest on loans and securities is recognized based on rate multiplied by the principal amount outstanding.  This includes the impact of amortization of 
premiums and discounts.  Interest accrual is discontinued when, in the opinion of management, the likelihood of collection becomes doubtful.  Noninterest 
income is recognized when performance obligations are satisfied.
Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents include Cash and due from banks and amounts due from the FRB.  Cash on hand, cash items in the process of collection, and 
amounts due from correspondent banks are included in Cash and due from banks.  Amounts due from the FRB are interest-bearing for all periods presented and 
are included in the Interest-bearing due from banks line on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. 
This table provides a summary of cash and cash equivalents as presented on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as of December 31, 2024 and 
2023 (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Due from the FRB
  $
7,875,516     $
5,081,057  
Cash and due from banks
   
573,175      
447,201  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $
8,448,691     $
5,528,258  
Also included in the Interest-bearing due from banks line, but not considered cash and cash equivalents are interest-bearing accounts held at other 
financial institutions, which totaled $110.8 million and $78.7 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 
Loans and Loans Held for Sale
Loans are classified by the portfolio segments of commercial and industrial, specialty lending, commercial real estate, consumer real estate, consumer, 
credit cards, and leases and other.  
A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when management believes it is probable that it will be unable to collect all principal and interest due 
according to the contractual terms of the loan.  If a loan is collateral dependent, the Company records a valuation allowance equal to the carrying amount of the 
loan in excess of the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective rate, based on the loan’s observable market price or the 
fair value of the collateral.  

81
A loan is accounted for as a modification made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty when a modification has been granted that is deemed 
concessionary and not temporary to a debtor experiencing financial difficulty.  The Company’s modifications generally include interest rate adjustments, 
principal reductions, and amortization and maturity date extensions.  These modifications allow the debtor short-term cash relief to allow them to improve their 
financial condition.  If a loan modification is determined to be made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the loan is considered to be collateral 
dependent and is evaluated for credit loss as part of the allowance for credit loss analysis.
Loans, including those that are considered to be collateral dependent, are evaluated regularly by management.  Loans are considered delinquent when 
payment has not been received within 30 days of its contractual due date.  Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when the collection of interest or principal is 
90 days or more past due unless the loan is adequately secured and in the process of collection.  When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any interest 
previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current income. Loans may be returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts 
contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.  Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to principal 
unless the remaining principal balance has been determined to be fully collectible.  
The adequacy of the ACL on loans is based on management’s judgment and continuous evaluation of the pertinent factors underlying the credit quality 
inherent in the loan portfolio. Consideration of quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to each specific segmentation of loans includes lifetime historical 
loss experience, the impact of the current economic environment, reasonable and supportable forecasts, and detailed analysis of loans determined to be collateral 
dependent.  The actual losses incurred over the lifetime of the portfolio, notwithstanding such considerations, however, could differ from the amounts estimated 
by management. 
The Company maintains an allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures, to address the credit risk to which the Company is exposed via a 
contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancelable by the Company. The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure 
is included in the Accrued expenses and taxes line item in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  In order to maintain the allowance for off-balance sheet items at an 
appropriate level, a provision to increase or reduce the allowance is included in the Provision for credit losses line item in the Company’s Consolidated 
Statements of Income.  The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure is calculated by applying portfolio segment expected credit loss rates to the expected 
amount to be funded.
Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or market value. Loan fees (net of certain direct loan origination costs) on loans held for 
sale are deferred until the related loans are sold or repaid. Gains or losses on loan sales are recognized at the time of sale and determined using the specific 
identification method.
Securities
Debt securities available for sale principally include U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, GSE mortgage-backed securities, certain securities of state and 
political subdivisions, corporates, and collateralized loan obligations.  Debt securities classified as available for sale are measured at fair value.  Unrealized 
holding gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported in AOCI until realized.  
Securities held to maturity are carried at amortized historical cost, net of the allowance for credit losses, based on management’s intention, and the 
Company’s ability to hold them to maturity.  The Company classifies certain U.S. Agency securities, GSE mortgage-backed securities, and securities of state 
and political subdivisions as held to maturity.  
Trading securities, acquired for subsequent sale to customers, are carried at fair value.  Market adjustments, fees and gains or losses on the sale of trading 
securities are considered to be a normal part of operations and are included in trading and investment banking income.
Securities may be transferred from the available-for-sale classification to the held-to-maturity classification when the Company has the positive intent 
and ability to hold these securities to maturity.  Transfers of securities are made at fair value at the time of transfer.  The unrealized holding gain or loss at the 
time of transfer is retained in AOCI and amortized over the remaining life of the securities, offsetting the related amortization of discount or premium on the 
transferred securities.  No gains or losses are recognized at the time of the transfer.

82
Equity-method investments
The Company accounts for certain other investments using equity-method accounting.  For equity securities without readily determinable fair values, the 
Company’s proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized on a one-quarter lag.  When transparency in pricing exists, other investments are considered 
equity securities with readily determinable fair values.  
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually and more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that 
the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value.  To test goodwill for impairment, the Company performs a qualitative assessment of each 
reporting unit.  If the Company determines, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not greater than the 
carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is not required.  Otherwise, the Company compares the fair value of its reporting units to their carrying 
amounts to determine if an impairment exists and the amount of impairment loss.  An impairment loss is measured as the excess of the carrying value of a 
reporting unit’s goodwill over its fair value.   
No goodwill impairments were recognized in 2024, 2023, or 2022.  Other intangible assets, which relate to core deposits, non-compete agreements, and 
customer relationships, are amortized over their useful life.  Intangible assets are evaluated for impairment when events or circumstances dictate.   No intangible 
asset impairments were recognized in 2024, 2023, or 2022.  The Company does not have any indefinite lived intangible assets.
Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, which is computed primarily on the straight-line method.  Premises are 
depreciated over 15 to 40 year lives, while equipment is depreciated over lives of 3 to 20 years.  Gains and losses from the sale of Premises and equipment are 
included in Other noninterest income and Other noninterest expense, respectively.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets, including Premises and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying 
amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable.  The impairment review includes a comparison of future cash flows expected to be generated by 
the asset or group of assets to their current carrying value.  If the carrying value of the asset or group of assets exceeds expected cash flows (undiscounted and 
without interest charges), an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the carrying value exceeds fair value.  No impairments were recognized in 2024, 2023, 
or 2022.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the 
expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements.  Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
measured based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the periods in which 
the differences are expected to reverse.  The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that 
includes the enactment date.  The provision for deferred income taxes represents the change in the deferred income tax accounts during the year excluding the 
tax effect of the change in net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale and certain derivative items.
The Company records deferred tax assets to the extent these assets will more likely than not be realized. All available evidence is considered in making 
such determination, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent 
financial operations. A valuation allowance is recorded for the portion of deferred tax assets that are not more-likely-than-not to be realized, and any changes to 
the valuation allowance are recorded in income tax expense.
The Company records the financial statement effects of an income tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that it will 
be sustained upon examination. A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured and recorded as the largest amount of tax 
benefit that is greater than 50

83
percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority. Previously recognized tax positions are derecognized in the first period in 
which it is no longer more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained. The benefit associated with previously unrecognized tax positions are generally 
recognized in the first period in which the more-likely-than-not threshold is met at the reporting date, the tax matter is ultimately settled through negotiation or 
litigation, or when the related statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position has expired. When the Company 
determines that an unrecognized tax benefit liability is no longer necessary, the liability is reversed, and a tax benefit is recognized in the period in which it is 
determined that the unrecognized tax benefit liability is no longer necessary.  The recognition, derecognition and measurement of tax positions are based on 
management’s best judgment given the facts, circumstance and information available at the reporting date.  
The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in other noninterest expense.  Accrued 
interest and penalties are included within the related liability lines in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company 
has recognized an immaterial amount in interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits.
Derivatives
The Company records all derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value.  The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives 
depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting, 
and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Currently, 15 of the Company’s derivatives are designated 
in qualifying hedging relationships.  The remainder of the Company’s derivatives are not designated in qualifying hedging relationships, as the derivatives are 
not used to manage risks within the Company’s assets or liabilities. All changes in fair value of the Company’s non-designated derivatives and fair value hedges 
are recognized directly in earnings.  Changes in fair value of the Company’s cash flow hedges are recognized in AOCI and are reclassified to earnings when the 
hedged transaction affects earnings.  
Per Share Data
Basic income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period.  Diluted year-to-
date income per share includes the dilutive effect of 309,142, 260,177, and 406,477 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and nonvested restricted 
stock units granted by the Company that were outstanding at December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Certain options and restricted stock units issued under employee benefit plans were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because 
they were anti-dilutive.  For the year ended December 31, 2024, there were no outstanding stock options and restricted stock units excluded from the 
computation of diluted income per share.  For the year ended December 31, 2023, there were 55,649 outstanding stock options or restricted stock units excluded 
from the computation of diluted income per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2022, there were no 
outstanding stock options and restricted stock units excluded from the computation of diluted income per share.  
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award on 
the date of the grant.  For stock options, restricted stock, and service-based restricted stock unit awards, the grant date fair value is estimated using either an 
option-pricing model which is consistent with the terms of the award or an observed market price, if such a price exists.  For performance-based restricted stock 
unit awards, the grant date fair value is based on the quoted price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date less the present value of expected dividends 
not received during the vesting period.  Such cost is generally recognized over the vesting period during which an employee is required to provide service in 
exchange for the award and, in some cases, when performance metrics are met. The Company accounts for forfeitures of stock-based compensation on an actual 
basis as they occur.  

84
2. NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Troubled Debt Restructurings In March 2022, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2022-02, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: 
Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.” The ASU eliminated the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (TDR) by creditors and 
enhances disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The 
amendments also added requirements to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases, 
disclosed by credit-quality indicator and class of financing receivable. The amendments in this update were adopted prospectively on January 1, 2023.  The 
adoption of the amendments had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements aside from additional and revised financial statement disclosures.  See 
Note 3, “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses” for related disclosures.
Equity-Method Investments In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-02, “Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting 
for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method.”  The ASU allows entities to elect to account for qualifying tax equity 
investments using the proportional amortization method, regardless of the program giving rise to the related income tax credits.  Previously, this method was 
only available for qualifying tax equity investments in low-income housing tax credit structures.  The Company adopted the amended guidance on January 1, 
2024, upon which the Company elected to continue the use of the practical expedient under ASC 323-740-35-4 to account for low-income housing and historic 
tax credit investments.  Under the practical expedient, the cost of a tax equity investment is amortized in proportion to income tax credits only and is recorded 
on a net basis within income tax expense.  The adoption of this amendment did not have any impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements aside from 
additional disclosures. See Note 16, “Income Taxes” for related disclosures. 
Segment Reporting In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment 
Disclosures.” The ASU requires expanded segment disclosures, including disclosure of significant segment expenses and other segment items on an annual and 
interim basis. The Company adopted the amended guidance for the annual financial statements in 2024 and the interim disclosure requirements will be effective 
for interim periods beginning January 1, 2025. The adoption of this amendment did not have any impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements aside from 
additional disclosures. See Note 12, “Business Segment Reporting” for related disclosures.
Income Taxes In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.”  The ASU is 
intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures.  The amendments in this update require additional disclosures primarily 
related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information.  The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 
2024.  Early adoption is permitted.  The adoption of this accounting pronouncement will have no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements aside from 
additional disclosures.
3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loan Origination/Risk Management
The Company has certain lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to minimize the level of risk within the loan portfolio.  
Diversification of the loan portfolio manages the risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions.  Authority levels are established for the extension of 
credit to ensure consistency throughout the Company.  It is necessary that policies, processes, and practices implemented to control the risks of individual credit 
transactions and portfolio segments are sound and adhered to.  The Company maintains an independent loan review department that reviews and validates the 
risk assessment on a continual basis.  Management regularly evaluates the results of the loan reviews.  The loan review process complements and reinforces the 
risk identification and assessment decisions made by lenders and credit personnel, as well as the Company’s policies and procedures. 
Commercial and industrial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower’s ability to operate profitably and prudently expand its 
business.  Commercial loans are made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower.  The cash 
flows of the borrower, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value.  Most commercial loans are secured by 
the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee.  In the case of loans 
secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds 

85
for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts from its customers.  
Specialty lending loans include Asset-based loans, which are offered primarily in the form of revolving lines of credit to commercial borrowers that do 
not generally qualify for traditional bank financing.  Asset-based loans are underwritten based primarily upon the value of the collateral pledged to secure the 
loan, rather than on the borrower’s general financial condition.  The Company utilizes pre-loan due diligence techniques, monitoring disciplines, and loan 
management practices common within the asset-based lending industry to underwrite loans to these borrowers. 
Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial loans, in addition to those of real estate loans.  
These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.  Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher 
loan principal amounts, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business 
conducted on the property securing the loan.  The Company requires that an appraisal of the collateral be made at origination and on an as-needed basis, in 
conformity with current market conditions and regulatory requirements.  The underwriting standards address both owner and non-owner-occupied real estate.  
Also included in Commercial real estate are Construction loans that are underwritten using feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews, sensitivity analysis 
or absorption and lease rates, and financial analysis of the developers and property owners.  Construction loans are based upon estimates of costs and value 
associated with the complete project.  Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the 
success of the ultimate project.  Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans, sales of developed property or an interim 
loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained.  These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have 
higher risks than other real estate loans due to their repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, economic 
conditions, completion of the construction project, and the availability of long-term financing.
Consumer real estate loans, including residential real estate and home equity loans, are underwritten based on the borrower’s loan-to-value percentage, 
collection remedies, and overall credit history.  
Consumer loans are underwritten based on the borrower’s repayment ability.  The Company monitors delinquencies on all of its consumer loans and 
leases.  The underwriting and review practices combined with the relatively small loan amounts that are spread across many individual borrowers, minimizes 
risk.  Consumer loans and leases that are 90 days past due or more are considered non-performing.
Credit cards include both commercial and consumer credit cards.  Commercial credit cards are generally unsecured and are underwritten with criteria 
similar to commercial loans, including an analysis of the borrower’s cash flow, available business capital, and overall creditworthiness of the borrower.  
Consumer credit cards are underwritten based on the borrower’s repayment ability.  The Company monitors delinquencies on all of its consumer credit cards 
and periodically reviews the distribution of credit scores relative to historical periods to monitor credit risk on its consumer credit card loans. During the first 
quarter of 2024, the Company purchased a co-branded credit card portfolio. The purchase included $109.4 million in credit card receivables.
Credit risk is a potential loss resulting from nonpayment of either the primary or secondary exposure.  Credit risk is mitigated with formal risk 
management practices and a thorough initial credit-granting process including consistent underwriting standards and approval process.  Control factors or 
techniques to minimize credit risk include knowing the client, understanding total exposure, analyzing the client and debtor’s financial capacity, and monitoring 
the client’s activities.  Credit risk and portions of the portfolio risk are managed through concentration considerations, average risk ratings, and other aggregate 
characteristics.      

86
Loan Aging Analysis
The following tables provide a summary of loan classes and an aging of past due loans at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): 
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
30-89
Days Past
Due and
Accruing
   
Greater
than 90
Days Past
Due and
Accruing
   
Nonaccrual
Loans
   
Total
Past Due
   
Current
   
Total
Loans
 
Loans
 
    
    
    
    
    
   
Commercial and industrial
  $
446     $
1     $
4,423     $
4,870     $ 10,896,632     $ 10,901,502  
Specialty lending
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
469,194      
469,194  
Commercial real estate
   
1,013      
—      
805      
1,818       10,129,467       10,131,285  
Consumer real estate
   
553      
—      
13,614      
14,167      
3,172,963      
3,187,130  
Consumer
   
175      
12      
40      
227      
193,633      
193,860  
Credit cards
   
9,316      
7,589      
400      
17,305      
561,461      
578,766  
Leases and other
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
180,564      
180,564  
Total loans
  $
11,503     $
7,602     $
19,282     $
38,387     $ 25,603,914     $ 25,642,301  
 
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
30-89
Days Past
Due and
Accruing
   
Greater
than 90
Days Past
Due and
Accruing
   
Nonaccrual
Loans
   
Total
Past Due
   
Current
   
Total
Loans
 
Loans
 
     
     
     
     
     
   
Commercial and industrial
  $
2,851     $
—     $
7,033     $
9,884     $ 9,920,045     $ 9,929,929  
Specialty lending
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
498,786      
498,786  
Commercial real estate
   
1,848      
—      
737      
2,585      
8,891,341      
8,893,926  
Consumer real estate
   
1,137      
—      
5,058      
6,195      
2,954,437      
2,960,632  
Consumer
   
104      
55      
28      
187      
163,104      
163,291  
Credit cards
   
5,343      
3,056      
285      
8,684      
415,272      
423,956  
Leases and other
   
—      
—      
71      
71      
301,893      
301,964  
Total loans
  $
11,283     $
3,111     $
13,212     $
27,606     $ 23,144,878     $ 23,172,484  
The Company sold consumer real estate loans with proceeds of $91.1 million, $67.9 million, and $48.1 million in the secondary market without recourse 
during the periods ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
The Company has ceased the recognition of interest on loans with a carrying value of $19.3 million and $13.2 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, 
respectively.  Restructured loans totaled $196 thousand and $548 thousand at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  Loans 90 days past due and still 
accruing interest amounted to $7.6 million and $3.1 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  All interest accrued but not received for loans placed 
on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income.  There was an insignificant amount of interest reversed related to loans on nonaccrual during 2024 and 2023.  
Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses totaled $19.3 million and $13.2 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

87
The following tables provide the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses by loan class at December 31, 2024 and 
2023 (in thousands):
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
   
Amortized Cost of Nonaccrual 
Loans with no related Allowance  
Loans
 
    
   
Commercial and industrial
 
$
4,423  
  $
4,423  
Specialty lending
 
 
—    
 
—  
Commercial real estate
 
 
805    
 
805  
Consumer real estate
 
 
13,614    
 
13,614  
Consumer
 
 
40    
 
40  
Credit cards
 
 
400    
 
400  
Leases and other
 
 
—    
 
—  
Total loans
 
$
19,282    
$
19,282  
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
   
Amortized Cost of Nonaccrual 
Loans with no related Allowance  
Loans
 
     
   
Commercial and industrial
 
$
7,033  
  $
7,033  
Specialty lending
 
 
—    
 
—  
Commercial real estate
 
 
737    
 
737  
Consumer real estate
 
 
5,058    
 
5,058  
Consumer
 
 
28    
 
28  
Credit cards
 
 
285    
 
285  
Leases and other
 
 
71    
 
71  
Total loans
 
$
13,212    
$
13,212  

88
Amortized Cost
The following tables provide a summary of the amortized cost balance of each of the Company’s loan classes disaggregated by collateral type and 
origination year as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 as well as the gross charge-offs by loan class and origination year for the year ended December 31, 2024 
(in thousands):
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Loan Segment 
and Type
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
Prior
   
Amortized Cost 
- Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized Cost 
- Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Commercial and industrial:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Equipment/Accounts 
Receivable/Inventory
  $
2,319,857     $
1,363,616     $
975,325  
  $
688,580     $
293,194     $
135,072     $
4,915,907  
  $
20,356     $
10,711,907  
Agriculture
   
9,857      
5,750      
3,554      
2,208      
356      
97      
156,546  
   
—      
178,368  
Overdrafts
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
11,227  
   
—      
11,227  
Total Commercial and industrial    
2,329,714      
1,369,366      
978,879      
690,788      
293,550      
135,169      
5,083,680  
   
20,356      
10,901,502  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
618      
1,870      
22      
11      
2,113      
807  
   
—      
5,441  
Specialty lending:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Asset-based lending
   
5,803      
—      
8,026      
30,702      
29,392      
—      
395,271  
   
—      
469,194  
Total Specialty lending
   
5,803      
—      
8,026      
30,702      
29,392      
—      
395,271  
   
—      
469,194  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Commercial real estate:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Owner-occupied
   
352,517      
277,049      
593,480      
442,805      
293,799      
275,207      
4,948  
   
25,266      
2,265,071  
Non-owner-occupied
   
784,434      
527,773      
1,006,769      
727,365      
404,362      
324,839      
32,312  
   
—      
3,807,854  
Farmland
   
54,656      
47,357      
58,154      
36,127      
183,762      
23,016      
107,468  
   
3      
510,543  
5+ Multi-family
   
161,767      
47,136      
302,225      
256,032      
28,819      
18,732      
9,202  
   
—      
823,913  
1-4 Family construction
   
46,096      
1,385      
—      
—      
—      
—      
5  
   
—      
47,486  
General construction
   
493,723      
644,885      
1,222,539      
235,758      
4,049      
514      
74,950  
   
—      
2,676,418  
Total Commercial real estate
   
1,893,193      
1,545,585      
3,183,167      
1,698,087      
914,791      
642,308      
228,885  
   
25,269      
10,131,285  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
—      
—      
236      
—      
14      
—  
   
—      
250  
Consumer real estate:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
HELOC
   
90      
16      
450      
455      
334      
5,049      
390,843  
   
2,484      
399,721  
First lien: 1-4 family
   
413,395      
361,242      
565,017      
635,217      
496,758      
273,628      
—  
   
—      
2,745,257  
Junior lien: 1-4 family
   
12,516      
9,969      
10,004      
3,978      
2,934      
2,676      
75  
   
—      
42,152  
Total Consumer real estate
   
426,001      
371,227      
575,471      
639,650      
500,026      
281,353      
390,918  
   
2,484      
3,187,130  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
100      
126      
—      
—      
32      
174  
   
—      
432  
Consumer:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Revolving line
   
35      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
101,407  
   
—      
101,442  
Auto
   
8,567      
7,429      
3,534      
1,928      
673      
283      
—  
   
—      
22,414  
Other
   
13,050      
2,876      
10,065      
25,659      
342      
796      
17,216  
   
—      
70,004  
Total Consumer
   
21,652      
10,305      
13,599      
27,587      
1,015      
1,079      
118,623  
   
—      
193,860  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
36      
83      
7      
—      
3      
1,395  
   
—      
1,524  
Credit cards:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Consumer
   
—      
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
328,474  
   
—      
328,474  
Commercial
   
—      
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
250,292  
   
—      
250,292  
Total Credit cards
   
—      
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
578,766  
   
—      
578,766  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
20,752  
   
—      
20,752  
Leases and other:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Leases
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
1,492      
—  
   
—      
1,492  
Other
   
31,084      
50,273      
48,801      
13,067      
12,780      
11,116      
11,951  
   
—      
179,072  
Total Leases and other
   
31,084      
50,273      
48,801      
13,067      
12,780      
12,608      
11,951  
   
—      
180,564  
Current period charge-offs
   
—      
1      
—      
—      
3      
—      
—  
   
—      
4  
Total loans
  $
4,707,447     $
3,346,756     $
4,807,943     $
3,099,881     $
1,751,554     $
1,072,517     $
6,808,094  
  $
48,109     $
25,642,301  
 

89
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Loan Segment 
and Type
 
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
2019
   
Prior
   
Amortized Cost 
- Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized Cost 
- Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Commercial and industrial:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Equipment/Accounts 
Receivable/Inventory
  $
1,787,301     $
1,486,609     $
1,123,732  
  $
412,276     $
202,827     $
97,130     $
4,615,872  
  $
6,336     $
9,732,083  
Agriculture
   
13,934      
5,840      
3,785      
920      
477      
239      
169,173  
   
—      
194,368  
Overdrafts
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
3,478  
   
—      
3,478  
Total Commercial and industrial    
1,801,235      
1,492,449      
1,127,517      
413,196      
203,304      
97,369      
4,788,523  
   
6,336      
9,929,929  
Specialty lending:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Asset-based lending
   
13,938      
16,103      
35,466      
32,229      
—      
—      
401,050  
   
—      
498,786  
Total Specialty lending
   
13,938      
16,103      
35,466      
32,229      
—      
—      
401,050  
   
—      
498,786  
Commercial real estate:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Owner-occupied
   
276,284      
629,514      
499,020      
335,133      
152,539      
215,373      
30,842  
   
—      
2,138,705  
Non-owner-occupied
   
556,369      
901,614      
849,496      
449,547      
293,531      
185,679      
36,313  
   
—      
3,272,549  
Farmland
   
75,418      
71,087      
39,128      
195,750      
15,608      
19,700      
89,291  
   
—      
505,982  
5+ Multi-family
   
34,714      
27,668      
240,724      
29,840      
16,861      
4,982      
9,274  
   
—      
364,063  
1-4 Family construction
   
49,327      
51,360      
—      
—      
—      
—      
3,286  
   
3,394      
107,367  
General construction
   
574,661      
1,340,152      
515,289      
4,220      
636      
130      
70,172  
   
—      
2,505,260  
Total Commercial real estate
   
1,566,773      
3,021,395      
2,143,657      
1,014,490      
479,175      
425,864      
239,178  
   
3,394      
8,893,926  
Consumer real estate:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
HELOC
   
150      
650      
—      
497      
82      
4,958      
355,105  
   
1,364      
362,806  
First lien: 1-4 family
   
419,312      
585,401      
682,008      
548,859      
158,228      
165,197      
2  
   
—      
2,559,007  
Junior lien: 1-4 family
   
12,117      
11,943      
6,861      
3,927      
2,117      
1,769      
85  
   
—      
38,819  
Total Consumer real estate
   
431,579      
597,994      
688,869      
553,283      
160,427      
171,924      
355,192  
   
1,364      
2,960,632  
Consumer:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Revolving line
   
48      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
56,272  
   
—      
56,320  
Auto
   
11,509      
6,013      
3,922      
2,170      
1,088      
158      
—  
   
—      
24,860  
Other
   
4,853      
22,147      
26,125      
574      
365      
1,243      
26,804  
   
—      
82,111  
Total Consumer
   
16,410      
28,160      
30,047      
2,744      
1,453      
1,401      
83,076  
   
—      
163,291  
Credit cards:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Consumer
   
—      
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
197,095  
   
—      
197,095  
Commercial
   
—      
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
226,861  
   
—      
226,861  
Total Credit cards
   
—      
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
423,956  
   
—      
423,956  
Leases and other:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Leases
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
610      
1,106      
—  
   
—      
1,716  
Other
   
100,484      
95,909      
16,968      
16,949      
1,620      
13,966      
54,352  
   
—      
300,248  
Total Leases and other
   
100,484      
95,909      
16,968      
16,949      
2,230      
15,072      
54,352  
   
—      
301,964  
Total loans
  $
3,930,419     $
5,252,010     $
4,042,524     $
2,032,891     $
846,589     $
711,630     $
6,345,327  
  $
11,094     $
23,172,484  
Accrued interest on loans totaled $125.7 million and $119.6 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is included in the Accrued 
income line on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost basis of loans presented 
above.  Further, the Company has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable.
  
Credit Quality Indicators
As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including 
trends related to the risk grading of specified classes of loans, net charge-offs, non-performing loans, and general economic conditions.
The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a rating to each of its commercial, commercial real estate, and construction real estate loans. 
Changes in credit risk are monitored on a continuous basis and changes in risk ratings are made when identified.  The loan ratings are summarized into the 
following categories:  Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful.  Any loan not classified in one of the categories described below is considered to be a 
Pass loan.  A description of the general characteristics of the loan rating categories is as follows:
•
Special Mention – This rating reflects a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention.  If left uncorrected, these 
potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or the borrower’s credit position at some future 
date.  The rating is not adversely classified and does not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.
•
Substandard – This rating represents an asset inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or 
of the collateral pledged, if any.  Assets so classified must 

90
have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.  Loans in this category are characterized by the 
distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.  Loss potential, while existing in the 
aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets classified as substandard.
•
Doubtful – This rating represents an asset that has all the weaknesses inherent in an asset classified as substandard, with the added 
characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly 
questionable and improbable.  The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending 
factors, which may work to the advantage of strengthening the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact 
status may be determined.  Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, liquidation procedures, capital injection, or perfecting 
liens.
Commercial and industrial
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact each type of collateral securing Commercial and industrial loans is included below:
Equipment, accounts receivable, and inventory General commercial and industrial loans are secured by working capital assets and non-real estate 
assets.  The general purpose of these loans is for financing capital expenditures and current operations for commercial and industrial entities.  These assets are 
short-term in nature.  In the case of accounts receivable and inventories, the repayment of debt is reliant upon converting assets into cash or through goods and 
services being sold and collected.  Collateral-based risk is due to aged short-term assets, which can be indicative of underlying issues with the borrower and lead 
to the value of the collateral being overstated.
Agriculture Agricultural loans are secured by non-real estate agricultural assets.  These include shorter-term assets such as equipment, crops, and 
livestock.  The risks associated with loans to finance crops or livestock include the borrower’s ability to successfully raise and market the commodity.  Adverse 
weather conditions and other natural perils can dramatically affect farmers’ or ranchers’ production and ability to service debt.  Volatile commodity prices 
present another significant risk for agriculture borrowers.  Market price volatility and production cost volatility can affect both revenues and expenses.
Overdrafts Commercial overdrafts are typically short-term and unsecured.  Some commercial borrowers tie their overdraft obligation to their line of 
credit, so any draw on the line of credit will satisfy the overdraft.
Based on the factors noted above for each type of collateral, the Company assigns risk ratings to borrowers based on their most recently assessed 
financial position.  
The following tables provide a summary of the amortized cost balance by collateral type and risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Equipment/Accounts 
Receivable/Inventory
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
   
   
Pass
  $
2,294,574     $
1,339,370     $
910,591  
  $
668,187     $
291,733     $
130,832     $
4,725,721  
  $
20,356     $
10,381,364  
Special Mention
   
2,044      
4,145      
6,075      
5,949      
639      
—      
48,897  
   
—      
67,749  
Substandard
   
23,044      
20,101      
58,659      
14,444      
822      
4,240      
141,289  
   
—      
262,599  
Doubtful
   
195      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
195  
Total Equipment/Accounts 
Receivable/Inventory
  $
2,319,857     $
1,363,616     $
975,325     $
688,580     $
293,194     $
135,072     $
4,915,907  
  $
20,356     $
10,711,907  
Agriculture
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
5,214     $
5,613     $
3,465     $
2,208     $
356     $
97     $
153,585     $
—     $
170,538  
Special Mention
   
—      
137      
89      
—      
—      
—      
1,068      
—      
1,294  
Substandard
   
4,643      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
1,893      
—      
6,536  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total Agriculture
  $
9,857     $
5,750     $
3,554     $
2,208     $
356     $
97     $
156,546     $
—     $
178,368  
 

91
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
2019
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Equipment/Accounts 
Receivable/Inventory
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
   
   
Pass
  $
1,767,383     $
1,462,714     $
1,115,205  
  $
411,441     $
194,181     $
94,606     $
4,473,085  
  $
6,243     $
9,524,858  
Special Mention
   
3,000      
17,857      
5,186      
214      
—      
—      
39,059  
   
—      
65,316  
Substandard
   
15,708      
6,038      
3,341      
621      
8,646      
2,524      
103,728  
   
93      
140,699  
Doubtful
   
1,210      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
1,210  
Total Equipment/Accounts 
Receivable/Inventory
  $
1,787,301     $
1,486,609     $
1,123,732     $
412,276     $
202,827     $
97,130     $
4,615,872  
  $
6,336     $
9,732,083  
Agriculture
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
13,934     $
5,122     $
3,785     $
839     $
477     $
239     $
159,565     $
—     $
183,961  
Special Mention
   
—      
66      
—      
—      
—      
—      
1,236      
—      
1,302  
Substandard
   
—      
652      
—      
81      
—      
—      
8,372      
—      
9,105  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total Agriculture
  $
13,934     $
5,840     $
3,785     $
920     $
477     $
239     $
169,173     $
—     $
194,368  
 
Specialty lending
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact each type of collateral securing Specialty loans is included below:
Asset-based lending General asset-based loans are secured by accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, and real estate.  The purpose of these loans is 
for financing current operations for commercial customers.  The repayment of debt is reliant upon collection of the accounts receivable within 30 to 90 days or 
converting assets into cash or through goods and services being sold and collected.  The Company tracks each individual borrower credit risk based on their 
loan to collateral position.  Any borrower position where the underlying value of collateral is below the fair value of the loan is considered out-of-margin and 
inherently higher risk.
The following table provides a summary of the amortized cost balance by risk rating for asset-based loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
Asset-based lending
 
Risk
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
In-margin
  $
469,194     $
498,786  
Out-of-margin
   
—      
—  
Total
  $
469,194     $
498,786  
Commercial real estate
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact each type of collateral securing Commercial real estate loans is included below:
Owner-occupied Owner-occupied loans are secured by commercial real estate.  These loans are often longer tenured and susceptible to multiple 
economic cycles.  The loans rely on the owner-occupied operations to service debt which cover a broad spectrum of industries.  Real estate debt can carry a 
significant amount of leverage for a borrower to maintain.
Non-owner-occupied Non-owner-occupied loans are secured by commercial real estate.  These loans are often longer tenured and susceptible to 
multiple economic cycles.  The key element of risk in this type of lending is the cyclical nature of real estate markets.  Although national conditions affect the 
overall real estate industry, the effect of national conditions on local markets is equally important.  Factors such as unemployment rates, consumer demand, 
household formation, and the level of economic activity can vary widely from state to state and among metropolitan areas.  In addition to geographic 
considerations, markets can be defined by property type.  While all sectors are influenced by economic conditions, some sectors are more sensitive to certain 
economic factors than others.
Farmland Farmland loans are secured by real estate used for agricultural purposes such as crop and livestock production. Assets used as collateral are 
long-term assets that carry the ability to have longer amortizations and 

92
maturities.  Longer terms carry the risk of added susceptibility to market conditions. The limited purpose of some Agriculture-related collateral affects credit 
risk because such collateral may have limited or no other uses to support values when loan repayment problems emerge.
5+ Multi-family 5+ multi-family loans are secured by a multi-family residential property. The primary risks associated with this type of collateral are 
largely driven by economic conditions. The national and local market conditions can change with unemployment rates or competing supply of multi-family 
housing.   Tenants may not be able to afford their housing or have better options and this can result in increased vacancy.  Rents may need to be lowered to fill 
apartment units.  Increased vacancy and lower rental rates not only drive the borrower’s ability to repay debt but also contribute to how the collateral is valued.
1-4 Family construction 1-4 family construction loans are secured by 1-4 family residential real estate and are in the process of construction or 
improvements being made. The predominant risk inherent to this portfolio is the risk associated with a borrower’s ability to successfully complete a project on 
time and within budget. Market conditions also play an important role in understanding the risk profile.  Risk from adverse changes in market conditions from 
the start of development to completion can result in deflated collateral values.
General construction General construction loans are secured by commercial real estate in process of construction or improvements being made and 
their repayment is dependent on the collateral’s completion.  Construction lending presents unique risks not encountered in term financing of existing real 
estate. The predominant risk inherent to this portfolio is the risk associated with a borrower’s ability to successfully complete a project on time and within 
budget.  Commercial properties under construction are susceptible to market and economic conditions.  Demand from prospective customers may erode after 
construction begins because of a general economic slowdown or an increase in the supply of competing properties.
Based on the factors noted above for each type of collateral, the Company assigns risk ratings to borrowers based on their most recently assessed 
financial position.  

93
The following tables provide a summary of the amortized cost balance by collateral type and risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Owner-occupied
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Pass
  $
316,858     $
276,546     $
590,337  
  $
442,768     $
289,219     $
267,944     $
4,948  
  $
25,266     $
2,213,886  
Special Mention
   
31,213      
—      
1,512      
—      
467      
—      
—  
   
—      
33,192  
Substandard
   
4,446      
503      
1,631      
37      
4,113      
7,263      
—  
   
—      
17,993  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Total Owner-occupied
  $
352,517     $
277,049     $
593,480     $
442,805     $
293,799     $
275,207     $
4,948  
  $
25,266     $
2,265,071  
Non-owner-occupied
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
784,434     $
514,745     $
981,769     $
727,365     $
404,362     $
324,310     $
32,312     $
—     $
3,769,297  
Special Mention
   
—      
13,028      
25,000      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
38,028  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
529      
—      
—      
529  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total Non-owner-occupied
  $
784,434     $
527,773     $
1,006,769     $
727,365     $
404,362     $
324,839     $
32,312     $
—     $
3,807,854  
Farmland
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
36,771     $
45,055     $
45,131     $
36,127     $
182,769     $
14,209     $
106,468     $
3     $
466,533  
Special Mention
   
982      
—      
13,023      
—      
—      
2,324      
1,000      
—      
17,329  
Substandard
   
16,903      
2,302      
—      
—      
993      
6,483      
—      
—      
26,681  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total Farmland
  $
54,656     $
47,357     $
58,154     $
36,127     $
183,762     $
23,016     $
107,468     $
3     $
510,543  
5+ Multi-family
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
161,767     $
47,136     $
302,225     $
256,032     $
28,819     $
18,732     $
9,202     $
—     $
823,913  
Special Mention
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total 5+ Multi-family
  $
161,767     $
47,136     $
302,225     $
256,032     $
28,819     $
18,732     $
9,202     $
—     $
823,913  
1-4 Family construction
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
46,096     $
1,385     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
5     $
—     $
47,486  
Special Mention
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total 1-4 Family construction
  $
46,096     $
1,385     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
5     $
—     $
47,486  
General construction
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
493,614     $
643,050     $
1,221,251     $
235,758     $
4,049     $
504     $
74,950     $
—     $
2,673,176  
Special Mention
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Substandard
   
—      
1,835      
1,288      
—      
—      
10      
—      
—      
3,133  
Doubtful
   
109      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
109  
Total General construction
  $
493,723     $
644,885     $
1,222,539     $
235,758     $
4,049     $
514     $
74,950     $
—     $
2,676,418  

94
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
2019
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Owner-occupied
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Pass
  $
271,840     $
626,119     $
485,343  
  $
328,379     $
145,975     $
214,031     $
30,113  
  $
—     $
2,101,800  
Special Mention
   
—      
1,609      
12,911      
6,741      
4,015      
—      
729  
   
—      
26,005  
Substandard
   
4,444      
1,786      
766      
13      
2,549      
1,342      
—  
   
—      
10,900  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Total Owner-occupied
  $
276,284     $
629,514     $
499,020     $
335,133     $
152,539     $
215,373     $
30,842  
  $
—     $
2,138,705  
Non-owner-occupied
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
531,835     $
901,614     $
824,434     $
449,547     $
293,531     $
185,679     $
36,313     $
—     $
3,222,953  
Special Mention
   
24,534      
—      
24,404      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
48,938  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
658      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
658  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total Non-owner-occupied
  $
556,369     $
901,614     $
849,496     $
449,547     $
293,531     $
185,679     $
36,313     $
—     $
3,272,549  
Farmland
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
48,615     $
62,594     $
38,806     $
195,234     $
11,735     $
19,168     $
89,291     $
—     $
465,443  
Special Mention
   
2,358      
428      
—      
493      
3,627      
—      
—      
—      
6,906  
Substandard
   
24,445      
8,065      
322      
23      
246      
532      
—      
—      
33,633  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total Farmland
  $
75,418     $
71,087     $
39,128     $
195,750     $
15,608     $
19,700     $
89,291     $
—     $
505,982  
5+ Multi-family
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
34,714     $
27,668     $
240,724     $
29,840     $
16,861     $
4,982     $
9,274     $
—     $
364,063  
Special Mention
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total 5+ Multi-family
  $
34,714     $
27,668     $
240,724     $
29,840     $
16,861     $
4,982     $
9,274     $
—     $
364,063  
1-4 Family construction
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
49,327     $
51,360     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
3,286     $
3,394     $
107,367  
Special Mention
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Doubtful
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total 1-4 Family construction
  $
49,327     $
51,360     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
3,286     $
3,394     $
107,367  
General construction
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Pass
  $
574,401     $
1,340,152     $
507,276     $
4,220     $
636     $
117     $
70,172     $
—     $
2,496,974  
Special Mention
   
180      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
180  
Substandard
   
—      
—      
8,013      
—      
—      
13      
—      
—      
8,026  
Doubtful
   
80      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
80  
Total General construction
  $
574,661     $
1,340,152     $
515,289     $
4,220     $
636     $
130     $
70,172     $
—     $
2,505,260  
Consumer real estate
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact each type of collateral securing Consumer real estate loans is included below:
HELOC HELOC loans are revolving lines of credit secured by 1-4 family residential property. The primary risk is the borrower’s inability to repay 
debt.  Revolving notes are often associated with HELOCs that can be secured by real estate without a 1st lien priority.  Collateral is susceptible to market 
volatility impacting home values or economic downturns.
First lien: 1-4 family First lien 1-4 family loans are secured by a first lien on 1-4 family residential property. These term loans carry longer maturities 
and amortizations.  The longer tenure exposes the borrower to multiple economic cycles, coupled with longer amortizations that result in smaller principal 
reduction early in the life of the loan. Collateral is susceptible to market volatility impacting home values.
Junior lien: 1-4 family Junior lien 1-4 family loans are secured by a junior lien on 1-4 family residential property. The Company’s primary risk is the 
borrower’s inability to repay debt and not being in a first lien position. Collateral is susceptible to market volatility impacting home values or economic 
downturns.
A borrower is considered non-performing if the Company has ceased the recognition of interest and the loan is placed on non-accrual.  Charge-offs and 
borrower performance are tracked on a loan origination vintage basis. Certain vintages, based on their maturation cycle, could be at higher risk due to collateral-
based risk factors.  

95
The following tables provide a summary of the amortized cost balance by collateral type and risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
HELOC
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Performing
  $
90     $
16     $
450  
  $
203     $
249     $
3,780     $
390,843  
  $
1,879     $
397,510  
Non-performing
   
—      
—      
—      
252      
85      
1,269      
—  
   
605      
2,211  
Total HELOC
  $
90     $
16     $
450     $
455     $
334     $
5,049     $
390,843  
  $
2,484     $
399,721  
First lien: 1-4 family
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
413,060     $
358,303     $
559,689     $
633,749     $
496,615     $
272,601     $
—     $
—     $
2,734,017  
Non-performing
   
335      
2,939      
5,328      
1,468      
143      
1,027      
—      
—      
11,240  
Total First lien: 1-4 family
  $
413,395     $
361,242     $
565,017     $
635,217     $
496,758     $
273,628     $
—     $
—     $
2,745,257  
Junior lien: 1-4 family
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
12,516     $
9,952     $
9,903     $
3,978     $
2,934     $
2,631     $
75     $
—     $
41,989  
Non-performing
   
—      
17      
101      
—      
—      
45      
—      
—      
163  
Total Junior lien: 1-4 family
  $
12,516     $
9,969     $
10,004     $
3,978     $
2,934     $
2,676     $
75     $
—     $
42,152  
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
2019
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
HELOC
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
Performing
  $
150     $
579     $
—  
  $
466     $
82     $
3,737     $
355,047  
  $
1,308     $
361,369  
Non-performing
   
—      
71      
—      
31      
—      
1,221      
58  
   
56      
1,437  
Total HELOC
  $
150     $
650     $
—     $
497     $
82     $
4,958     $
355,105  
  $
1,364     $
362,806  
First lien: 1-4 family
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
418,766     $
583,711     $
681,921     $
548,736     $
158,037     $
164,315     $
2     $
—     $
2,555,488  
Non-performing
   
546      
1,690      
87      
123      
191      
882      
—      
—      
3,519  
Total First lien: 1-4 family
  $
419,312     $
585,401     $
682,008     $
548,859     $
158,228     $
165,197     $
2     $
—     $
2,559,007  
Junior lien: 1-4 family
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
12,094     $
11,911     $
6,861     $
3,927     $
2,117     $
1,722     $
85     $
—     $
38,717  
Non-performing
   
23      
32      
—      
—      
—      
47      
—      
—      
102  
Total Junior lien: 1-4 family
  $
12,117     $
11,943     $
6,861     $
3,927     $
2,117     $
1,769     $
85     $
—     $
38,819  
Consumer
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact each type of collateral securing Consumer loans is included below:
Revolving line Consumer Revolving lines of credit are secured by consumer assets other than real estate.  The primary risk associated with this collateral 
is related to market volatility and the value of the underlying financial assets.
Auto Direct consumer auto loans are secured by new and used consumer vehicles.  The primary risk with this collateral class is the rate at which the 
collateral depreciates.
Other This category includes Other consumer loans made to an individual.  The primary risk for this category is for those loans where the loan is 
unsecured.  This collateral type also includes other unsecured lending such as consumer overdrafts.
A borrower is considered non-performing if the Company has ceased the recognition of interest and the loan is placed on non-accrual.  Charge-offs and 
borrower performance are tracked on a loan origination vintage basis. Certain vintages, based on their maturation cycle, could be at higher risk due to collateral-
based risk factors.  

96
The following tables provide a summary of the amortized cost balance by collateral type and risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Revolving line
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
   
   
Performing
  $
35     $
—     $
—  
  $
—     $
—     $
—     $
101,407  
  $
—     $
101,442  
Non-performing
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Total Revolving line
  $
35     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
101,407  
  $
—     $
101,442  
Auto
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
8,567     $
7,418     $
3,534     $
1,920     $
673     $
283     $
—     $
—     $
22,395  
Non-performing
   
—      
11      
—      
8      
—      
—      
—      
—      
19  
Total Auto
  $
8,567     $
7,429     $
3,534     $
1,928     $
673     $
283     $
—     $
—     $
22,414  
Other
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
13,037     $
2,876     $
10,057     $
25,659     $
342     $
796     $
17,216     $
—     $
69,983  
Non-performing
   
13      
—      
8      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
21  
Total Other
  $
13,050     $
2,876     $
10,065     $
25,659     $
342     $
796     $
17,216     $
—     $
70,004  
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - Term Loans
     
 
   
 
 
 
 
Risk by Collateral
 
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
2019
   
Prior
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans
   
Amortized 
Cost - 
Revolving 
Loans 
Converted to 
Term Loans
   
Total
 
Revolving line
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
   
   
Performing
  $
48     $
—     $
—  
  $
—     $
—     $
—     $
56,272  
  $
—     $
56,320  
Non-performing
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
   
—      
—  
Total Revolving line
  $
48     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
—     $
56,272  
  $
—     $
56,320  
Auto
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
11,509     $
6,013     $
3,908     $
2,170     $
1,088     $
158     $
—     $
—     $
24,846  
Non-performing
   
—      
—      
14      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
14  
Total Auto
  $
11,509     $
6,013     $
3,922     $
2,170     $
1,088     $
158     $
—     $
—     $
24,860  
Other
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Performing
  $
4,853     $
22,133     $
26,125     $
574     $
365     $
1,243     $
26,804     $
—     $
82,097  
Non-performing
   
—      
14      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
14  
Total Other
  $
4,853     $
22,147     $
26,125     $
574     $
365     $
1,243     $
26,804     $
—     $
82,111  
Credit cards
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact Credit card loans is included below:
Consumer Consumer credit card loans are revolving loans made to individuals.  The primary risk associated with this collateral class is credit card debt 
which is generally unsecured; therefore, repayment depends primarily on a borrower’s willingness and capacity to repay. The highly competitive environment 
for credit card lending provides consumers with ample opportunity to hold several credit cards from different issuers and to pay only minimum monthly 
payments on outstanding balances. In such an environment, borrowers may become over-extended and unable to repay, particularly in times of an economic 
downturn or a personal catastrophic event.
The consumer credit card portfolio is segmented by borrower payment activity.  Transactors are defined as accounts that pay off their balance by the end 
of each statement cycle.  Revolvers are defined as an account that carries a balance from one statement cycle to the next.  These accounts incur monthly finance 
charges, and, sometimes, late fees.  Revolvers are inherently higher risk and are tracked by credit score.
Commercial Commercial credit card loans are revolving loans made to small and commercial businesses.   The primary risk associated with this 
collateral class is credit card debt which is generally unsecured; therefore, repayment depends primarily on a borrower’s willingness and capacity to repay. 
Borrowers may become over-extended and unable to repay, particularly in times of an economic downturn or a catastrophic event.
The commercial credit card portfolio is segmented by current and past due payment status.  A borrower is past due after 30 days.  In general, commercial 
credit card customers do not have incentive to hold a balance resulting in 

97
paying interest on credit card debt as commercial customers will typically have other debt obligations with lower interest rates in which they can utilize for 
capital.
The following table provides a summary of the amortized cost balance of consumer credit cards by risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
Consumer
 
Risk
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
Transactor accounts
  $
101,688     $
74,330  
Revolver accounts (by Credit score):
 
     
   
Less than 600
   
16,297      
7,140  
600-619
   
7,893      
3,572  
620-639
   
13,174      
5,343  
640-659
   
20,798      
9,536  
660-679
   
20,897      
9,642  
680-699
   
24,121      
11,220  
700-719
   
26,180      
13,489  
720-739
   
22,418      
12,896  
740-759
   
18,965      
12,434  
760-779
   
19,609      
12,955  
780-799
   
18,058      
11,822  
800-819
   
11,443      
7,808  
820-839
   
5,745      
4,054  
840+
   
1,188      
854  
Total
  $
328,474     $
197,095  
 
The following table provides a summary of the amortized cost balance of commercial credit cards by risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
Commercial
 
Risk
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
Current
 
$
231,713  
  $
207,520  
Past Due
 
 
18,579  
   
19,341  
Total
 
$
250,292  
  $
226,861  
Leases and other
A discussion of the credit quality indicators that impact each type of collateral securing Leases and other loans is included below:
Leases Leases are either loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures or are loans related to all other direct financing and 
leveraged leases on property for leasing to lessees other than for household, family, and other personal expenditure purposes.  All leases are secured by the lease 
between the lessor and the lessee.  These assignments grant the creditor a security interest in the rent stream from any lease, an important source of cash to pay 
the note in case of the borrower’s default.
Other Other loans are loans that are obligations of states and political subdivisions in the U.S., loans to non-depository financial institutions, loans for 
purchasing or carrying securities, or all other non-consumer loans.  Risk associated with other loans is tied to the underlying collateral by each type of loan.  
Collateral is generally equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, 1-4 family residential construction and susceptible to the same risks mentioned with those 
collateral types previously.  Other risks consist of collateral that is secured by the stock of a non-depository financial institution, which can be unlisted stock 
with a limited market for the stock, or volatility of asset values driven by market performance.
Based on the factors noted above for each type of collateral, the Company assigns risk ratings to borrowers based on their most recently assessed 
financial position.  

98
The following table provides a summary of the amortized cost balance by collateral type and risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
Leases
   
Other
 
Risk
 
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
   
December 31, 2024
   
December 31, 2023
 
Pass
  $
1,492  
  $
1,716  
  $
179,047  
  $
300,152  
Special Mention
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
Substandard
   
—  
   
—  
   
25  
   
96  
Doubtful
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
   
—  
Total
  $
1,492  
  $
1,716  
  $
179,072  
  $
300,248  
Allowance for Credit Losses 
The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from loans’ and HTM securities’ amortized cost bases to present the net amount expected to be 
collected on the instrument.  Loans and HTM securities are charged off against the ACL when management believes the balance has become uncollectible.  
Expected recoveries are included in the allowance and do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off.  
 
Management estimates the allowance balance using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, related to past events, current 
conditions, and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts.  Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses 
and is tracked over an economic cycle to capture a ‘through the cycle’ loss history.  Adjustments to historical loss information are made for differences in 
current loan-specific risk characteristics such as differences in portfolio industry-based segmentation, risk rating and credit score changes, average prepayment 
rates, changes in environmental conditions, or other relevant factors.  For economic forecasts, the Company uses the Moody’s baseline scenario.  The Company 
has developed a dynamic reasonable and supportable forecast period that ranges from one to three years and changes based on economic conditions.  The 
Company’s reasonable and supportable forecast period is one year.  After the reasonable and supportable forecast period, the Company reverts to historical 
losses.  The reversion method applied to each portfolio can either be cliff in which the Company reverts immediately to historical losses or straight-line over 
four quarters.
  
The ACL is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist.  The ACL also incorporates qualitative factors which represent 
adjustments to historical credit loss experience for items such as concentrations of credit and results of internal loan review.  The Company has identified the 
following portfolio segments and measures the allowance for credit losses using the following methods.  The Company’s portfolio segmentation consists of 
Commercial and industrial, Specialty lending, Commercial real estate, Consumer real estate, Consumer, Credit cards, Leases and other, and Held-to-maturity 
securities.  Multiple modeling techniques are used to measure credit losses based on the portfolio.  
 
The ACL for Commercial and industrial and Leases and other segments are measured using a probability of default and loss given default method.  
Primary risk drivers within the segment are risk ratings of the individual loans along with changes of macro-economic variables.  The economic variables 
utilized are typically comprised of leading and lagging indicators.  The ACL for Commercial and industrial loans is calculated by modeling probability of 
default (PD) over future periods multiplied by historical loss given default rates (LGD) multiplied by contractual exposure at default minus any estimated 
prepayments and charge offs.
 
Collateral positions for Specialty lending loans are continuously monitored by the Company and the borrower is required to continually adjust the 
amount of collateral securing the loan.  Credit losses are measured for any position where the amortized cost basis is greater than the fair value of the collateral.  
The ACL for specialty lending loans is calculated by using a bottom-up approach comparing collateral values to outstanding balances.
 
The ACL for the Commercial real estate segment is measured using a PD and LGD method.  Primary risk characteristics within the segment are risk 
ratings of the individual loans, along with changes of macro-economic variables, such as interest rates, CRE price index, median household income, 
construction activity, farm income, and vacancy rates.  The ACL for Commercial real estate loans is calculated by modeling PD over future periods based on 
peer bank data. The PD loss rate is then multiplied by historical LGD multiplied by contractual exposure at default minus any estimated prepayments and charge 
offs.

99
 
The ACL for the Consumer real estate and Consumer segments are measured using an origination vintage loss rate method applied to the loans’ 
amortized cost balance.  The primary risk driver within the segments is year of origination along with changes of macro-economic variables such as 
unemployment and the home price index. 
 
The Credit card segment contains both consumer and commercial credit cards.  The ACL for Consumer credit cards is measured using a PD and LGD 
method for Revolvers and average historical loss rates across a defined lookback period for Transactors.  The PD and LGD method used for Revolvers is similar 
in nature to the method used in the Commercial and industrial and Commercial real estate segments.  Primary risk drivers within the segment are credit ratings 
of the individual card holders along with changes of macro-economic variables such as unemployment and retail sales.  The ACL for Commercial credit cards is 
measured using roll-rate loss rate method based on days past due. 
 
The ACL for the State and political HTM securities segment is measured using a loss rate method based on historical bond rating transitions.  Primary 
risk drivers within the segment are bond ratings in the portfolio along with changes of macro-economic conditions.  There is no ACL for the U.S. Agency and 
GSE mortgage-backed HTM securities portfolios as they are considered to be agency-backed securities with no risk of loss as they are either explicitly or 
implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government.  For further discussion on these securities, including the aging and amortized cost balance of HTM securities, see 
Note 4, “Securities.” 
 
See the credit quality indicators presented previously for a summary of current risk in the Company’s portfolio.  Changes in economic forecasts will 
affect all portfolio segments, updated financial records from borrowers will affect portfolio segments by risk rating, updated credit scores will affect consumer 
credit cards, payment performance will affect consumer and commercial credit card portfolio segments, and updated bond credit ratings will affect held-to-
maturity securities.  The Company actively monitors all credit quality indicators for risk changes that will influence the current estimate.
 
Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for prepayments when appropriate.  The contractual term excludes 
expected extensions, renewals, and modifications unless either of the following applies: management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting date that a 
concessionary loan term has been granted to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty or the extension or renewal options are included in the original or 
modified contract at the reporting date and are not unconditionally cancelable by the Company.
 
Credit card receivables do not have stated maturities.  In determining the estimated life of a credit card receivable, management first estimates the future 
cash flows expected to be received and then applies those expected future cash flows to the credit card balance.  Expected credit losses for credit cards are 
determined by estimating the amount and timing of principal payments expected to be received as payment for the balance outstanding as of the reporting period 
until the expected payments have been fully allocated.  The ACL is recorded for the excess of the balance outstanding as of the reporting period over the 
expected principal payments.  
 
Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis.  Loans evaluated individually include loans on nonaccrual, loans that 
include modifications deemed concessionary made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, or any loans specifically identified, and are excluded from the 
collective evaluation.  When it is determined that payment of interest or recovery of all principal is questionable, expected credit losses are based on the fair 
value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for undiscounted selling costs as appropriate.  All loans are classified as collateral dependent if placed on 
non-accrual or include modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.  

100
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES AND RECORDED INVESTMENT IN LOANS
The following tables provide a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 
2022 (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Commercial 
and industrial
   
Specialty 
lending
   
Commercial 
real estate
   
Consumer real 
estate
   
Consumer
   
Credit cards
   
Leases and 
other
   
Total - Loans
   
HTM
   
Total
 
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
155,658  
  $
—  
  $
45,507  
  $
6,941  
  $
1,089  
 
$
7,935  
 
$
2,608  
 
$
219,738  
 
$
3,258  
 
$
222,996  
Charge-offs
 
 
(5,441 )
   
—  
   
(250 )
   
(432 )
   
(1,524 )  
 
(20,752 )  
 
(4 )  
 
(28,403 )  
 
—  
 
 
(28,403 )
Recoveries
 
 
1,890  
   
4  
   
—  
   
648  
   
241  
 
 
2,355  
 
 
3  
 
 
5,141  
 
 
—  
 
 
5,141  
Provision
 
 
8,805  
   
(4 )
   
32,083  
   
(2,830 )
   
1,160  
 
 
24,734  
 
 
(1,335 )  
 
62,613  
 
 
(613 )  
 
62,000  
Ending balance - ACL
 
$
160,912  
  $
—  
  $
77,340  
  $
4,327  
  $
966  
 
$
14,272  
 
$
1,272  
 
$
259,089  
 
$
2,645  
 
$
261,734  
Allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures:
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
4,092  
  $
186  
  $
460  
  $
117  
  $
9  
 
$
—  
 
$
160  
 
$
5,024  
 
$
64  
 
$
5,088  
Provision
 
 
(2,009 )
   
(186 )
   
1,281  
   
(47 )
   
7  
 
 
—  
 
 
54  
 
 
(900 )  
 
(50 )  
 
(950 )
Ending balance - ACL on off-balance 
sheet
 
$
2,083  
  $
—  
  $
1,741  
  $
70  
  $
16  
 
$
—  
 
$
214  
 
$
4,124  
 
$
14  
 
$
4,138  
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Commercial 
and industrial
   
Specialty 
lending
   
Commercial 
real estate
   
Consumer real 
estate
   
Consumer
   
Credit cards
   
Leases and 
other
   
Total - Loans
   
HTM
   
Total
 
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
136,737  
  $
—  
  $
39,370  
  $
6,148  
  $
494  
 
$
6,866  
 
$
2,221  
 
$
191,836  
 
$
2,407  
 
$
194,243  
Charge-offs
 
 
(5,047 )
   
(762 )
   
(266 )
   
(1,185 )
   
(1,232 )  
 
(9,181 )  
 
—  
 
 
(17,673 )  
 
—  
 
 
(17,673 )
Recoveries
 
 
5,295  
   
1  
   
111  
   
45  
   
211  
 
 
1,536  
 
 
—  
 
 
7,199  
 
 
—  
 
 
7,199  
Provision
 
 
18,673  
   
761  
   
6,292  
   
1,933  
   
1,616  
 
 
8,714  
 
 
387  
 
 
38,376  
 
 
851  
 
 
39,227  
Ending balance - ACL
 
$
155,658  
  $
—  
  $
45,507  
  $
6,941  
  $
1,089  
 
$
7,935  
 
$
2,608  
 
$
219,738  
 
$
3,258  
 
$
222,996  
Allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures:
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
2,178  
  $
186  
  $
418  
  $
124  
  $
13  
 
$
—  
 
$
62  
 
$
2,981  
 
$
107  
 
$
3,088  
Provision
 
 
1,914  
   
—  
   
42  
   
(7 )
   
(4 )  
 
—  
 
 
98  
 
 
2,043  
 
 
(43 )  
 
2,000  
Ending balance - ACL on off-balance 
sheet
 
$
4,092  
  $
186  
  $
460  
  $
117  
  $
9  
 
$
—  
 
$
160  
 
$
5,024  
 
$
64  
 
$
5,088  
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
 
 
 
Commercial 
and industrial
   
Specialty 
lending
   
Commercial 
real estate
   
Consumer real 
estate
   
Consumer
   
Credit cards
   
Leases and 
other
   
Total - Loans
   
HTM
   
Total
 
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
123,732  
  $
1,738  
  $
56,265  
  $
3,921  
  $
845  
 
$
6,075  
 
$
2,195  
 
$
194,771  
 
$
1,940  
 
$
196,711  
Charge-offs
 
 
(37,269 )
   
—  
   
(29 )
   
(57 )
   
(800 )  
 
(6,150 )  
 
—  
 
 
(44,305 )  
 
—  
 
 
(44,305 )
Recoveries
 
 
1,550  
   
433  
   
385  
   
131  
   
126  
 
 
1,812  
 
 
—  
 
 
4,437  
 
 
—  
 
 
4,437  
Provision
 
 
48,724  
   
(2,171 )
   
(17,251 )
   
2,153  
   
323  
 
 
5,129  
 
 
26  
 
 
36,933  
 
 
467  
 
 
37,400  
Ending balance - ACL
 
$
136,737  
  $
—  
  $
39,370  
  $
6,148  
  $
494  
 
$
6,866  
 
$
2,221  
 
$
191,836  
 
$
2,407  
 
$
194,243  
Allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures:
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Beginning balance
 
$
1,739  
  $
160  
  $
480  
  $
106  
  $
—  
 
$
—  
 
$
15  
 
$
2,500  
 
$
88  
 
$
2,588  
Provision
 
 
439  
   
26  
   
(62 )
   
18  
   
13  
 
 
—  
 
 
47  
 
 
481  
 
 
19  
 
 
500  
Ending balance - ACL on off-balance 
sheet
 
$
2,178  
  $
186  
  $
418  
  $
124  
  $
13  
 
$
—  
 
$
62  
 
$
2,981  
 
$
107  
 
$
3,088  
The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is recorded in the Accrued expenses and taxes line of the Company’s Consolidated 
Balance Sheets, see Note 15 “Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees.”

101
Collateral Dependent Financial Assets
The following tables provide the amortized cost balance of financial assets considered collateral dependent as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
December 31, 2024
 
Loan Segment and Type
 
Amortized Cost of 
Collateral Dependent Assets    
Related Allowance 
for Credit Losses
   
Amortized Cost of 
Collateral 
Dependent Assets 
with no related 
Allowance
 
Commercial and industrial:
 
     
     
   
Equipment/Accounts Receivable/Inventory
  $
4,423     $
—     $
4,423  
Agriculture
   
—      
—      
—  
Total Commercial and industrial
   
4,423      
—      
4,423  
Specialty lending:
 
     
     
   
Asset-based lending
   
—      
—      
—  
Total Specialty lending
   
—      
—      
—  
Commercial real estate:
   
     
     
 
Owner-occupied
   
707      
—      
707  
Non-owner-occupied
   
—      
—      
—  
Farmland
   
135      
—      
135  
5+ Multi-family
   
—      
—      
—  
1-4 Family construction
   
—      
—      
—  
General construction
   
118      
—      
118  
Total Commercial real estate
   
960      
—      
960  
Consumer real estate:
   
     
     
 
HELOC
   
2,211      
—      
2,211  
First lien: 1-4 family
   
11,240      
—      
11,240  
Junior lien: 1-4 family
   
163      
—      
163  
Total Consumer real estate
   
13,614      
—      
13,614  
Consumer:
   
     
     
 
Revolving line
   
—      
—      
—  
Auto
   
19      
—      
19  
Other
   
21      
—      
21  
Total Consumer
   
40      
—      
40  
Leases and other:
   
     
     
 
Leases
   
—      
—      
—  
Other
   
—      
—      
—  
Total Leases and other
   
—      
—      
—  
Total loans
  $
19,037     $
—     $
19,037  
 

102
 
 
December 31, 2023
 
Loan Segment and Type
 
Amortized Cost of 
Collateral Dependent Assets    
Related Allowance 
for Credit Losses
   
Amortized Cost of 
Collateral 
Dependent Assets 
with no related 
Allowance
 
Commercial and industrial:
 
     
     
   
Equipment/Accounts Receivable/Inventory
  $
7,033     $
—     $
7,033  
Agriculture
   
—      
—      
—  
Total Commercial and industrial
   
7,033      
—      
7,033  
Specialty lending:
 
     
     
   
Asset-based lending
   
—      
—      
—  
Total Specialty lending
   
—      
—      
—  
Commercial real estate:
   
     
     
 
Owner-occupied
   
632      
—      
632  
Non-owner-occupied
   
—      
—      
—  
Farmland
   
175      
—      
175  
5+ Multi-family
   
—      
—      
—  
1-4 Family construction
   
—      
—      
—  
General construction
   
93      
—      
93  
Total Commercial real estate
   
900      
—      
900  
Consumer real estate:
   
     
     
 
HELOC
   
1,437      
—      
1,437  
First lien: 1-4 family
   
3,519      
—      
3,519  
Junior lien: 1-4 family
   
102      
—      
102  
Total Consumer real estate
   
5,058      
—      
5,058  
Consumer:
   
     
     
 
Revolving line
   
—      
—      
—  
Auto
   
14      
—      
14  
Other
   
14      
—      
14  
Total Consumer
   
28      
—      
28  
Leases and other:
   
     
     
 
Leases
   
—      
—      
—  
Other
   
71      
—      
71  
Total Leases and other
   
71      
—      
71  
Total loans
  $
13,090     $
—     $
13,090  
Modifications made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
In the normal course of business, the Company may execute loan modifications with borrowers.  These modifications are analyzed to determine whether 
the modification is considered concessionary, long term and made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty.  The Company’s modifications generally 
include interest rate adjustments, principal reductions, and amortization and maturity date extensions.  These modifications allow the borrower short-term cash 
relief to allow them to improve their financial condition.  If a loan modification is determined to be made to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the 
loan is considered collateral dependent and evaluated as part of the ACL as described above in the Allowance for Credit Losses section of this note. 
For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had five modifications on residential real estate loans made to borrowers experiencing financial 
difficulty with a total pre-modification loan balance of $1.1 million and a total post-modification balance of $1.1 million.  For the year ended December 31, 
2023, the Company did not modify any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. 

103
The Company had no commitments to lend to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for which the Company has modified an existing loan as of 
December 31, 2024 and 2023.  The Company monitors loan payments on an on-going basis to determine if a loan is considered to have a payment default.  
Determination of payment default involves analyzing the economic conditions that exist for each customer and their ability to generate positive cash flows 
during the loan term. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial 
difficulty for which there was a payment default within the 12 months following the modification date.
4. SECURITIES
Securities Available for Sale
This table provides detailed information about securities available for sale at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
 
 
   
Gross
   
Gross
   
 
 
 
 
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
2024
 
Cost
   
Gains
   
Losses
   
Value
 
U.S. Treasury
  $
1,331,394     $
2,751     $
(8,072 )   $
1,326,073  
U.S. Agencies
   
129,246      
126      
(325 )    
129,047  
Mortgage-backed
   
4,945,548      
339      
(524,957 )    
4,420,930  
State and political subdivisions
   
1,309,126      
487      
(91,044 )    
1,218,569  
Corporates
   
330,739      
60      
(13,629 )    
317,170  
Collateralized loan obligations
   
361,623      
1,060      
(138 )    
362,545  
Total
  $
8,407,676     $
4,823     $
(638,165 )   $
7,774,334  
 
 
 
   
Gross
   
Gross
   
 
 
 
 
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
2023
 
Cost
   
Gains
   
Losses
   
Value
 
U.S. Treasury
  $
1,308,689     $
254     $
(10,201 )   $
1,298,742  
U.S. Agencies
   
162,406      
252      
(2,937 )    
159,721  
Mortgage-backed
   
4,128,576      
949      
(508,740 )    
3,620,785  
State and political subdivisions
   
1,359,744      
2,218      
(74,987 )    
1,286,975  
Corporates
   
382,069      
—      
(30,794 )    
351,275  
Collateralized loan obligations
   
351,376      
811      
(1,072 )    
351,115  
Total
  $
7,692,860     $
4,484     $
(628,731 )   $
7,068,613  
The following table presents contractual maturity information for securities available for sale at December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
 
 
Amortized
   
Fair
 
 
 
Cost
   
Value
 
Due in 1 year or less
  $
438,163     $
435,414  
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
1,873,775      
1,849,758  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
550,573      
524,803  
Due after 10 years
   
599,617      
543,429  
Total
   
3,462,128      
3,353,404  
Mortgage-backed securities
   
4,945,548      
4,420,930  
Total securities available for sale
  $
8,407,676     $
7,774,334  
Securities may be disposed of before contractual maturities due to sales by the Company or because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay 
obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were $19.2 million and $22.2 million, respectively, in proceeds from the sales of 
securities available for sale.  Securities transactions resulted in gross realized gains of $139 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024.  There were $154 
thousand of gross realized gains and $2 thousand of gross realized losses for the year ended December 31, 2023. 

104
There were $10.5 billion and $10.1 billion of securities pledged to secure U.S. Government deposits, other public deposits, certain trust deposits, 
derivative transactions, and repurchase agreements at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. 
Accrued interest on securities available for sale totaled $43.1 million and $31.6 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is included 
in the Accrued income line on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost of 
available-for-sale securities presented above.  Further, the Company has elected not to measure an ACL for accrued interest receivable.
The following table shows the Company’s available-for-sale investments’ gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and 
length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
 
 
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
2024
 
Cou
nt
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Cou
nt
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
    Count    
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
Description of Securities
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
U.S. Treasury
    93     $
635,739     $
(6,319 )    
9     $
142,518     $
(1,753 )     102     $
778,257     $
(8,072 )
U.S. Agencies
   
4      
20,858      
(46 )    
5      
56,712      
(279 )    
9      
77,570      
(325 )
Mortgage-backed
   
15
9      
1,293,953      
(22,468 )    
83
4      
3,055,882      
(502,489 )     993      
4,349,835      
(524,957 )
State and political subdivisions
   
26
4      
173,006      
(2,392 )    
1,
62
9      
953,458      
(88,652 )    
1,89
3      
1,126,464      
(91,044 )
Corporates
    —      
—      
—      
23
9      
315,109      
(13,629 )     239      
315,109      
(13,629 )
Collateralized loan obligations
   
7      
47,222      
(88 )    
5      
30,521      
(50 )    
12      
77,743      
(138 )
Total
   
52
7     $ 2,170,778     $
(31,313 )    
2,
72
1     $ 4,554,200     $
(606,852 )    
3,24
8     $ 6,724,978     $
(638,165 )
 
 
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
2023
  Count    
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
    Count    
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
    Count    
Fair Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
Description of Securities
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
U.S. Treasury
   
8     $
509,946     $
(267 )    
63     $
745,573     $
(9,934 )    
71     $
1,255,519     $
(10,201 )
U.S. Agencies
   
—      
—      
—      
16      
116,324      
(2,937 )    
16      
116,324      
(2,937 )
Mortgage-backed
   
14      
19,154      
(476 )    
852      
3,526,296       (508,264 )    
866      
3,545,450      
(508,740 )
State and political subdivisions
    388      
200,835      
(9,202 )    
1,47
6      
890,545      
(65,785 )    
1,86
4      
1,091,380      
(74,987 )
Corporates
   
—      
—      
—      
267      
351,275      
(30,794 )    
267      
351,275      
(30,794 )
Collateralized loan obligations    
1      
4,246      
(4 )    
32      
210,872      
(1,068 )    
33      
215,118      
(1,072 )
Total
    411     $
734,181     $
(9,949 )    
2,70
6     $
5,840,885     $ (618,782 )    
3,11
7     $
6,575,066     $
(628,731 )
The unrealized losses in the Company’s investments were caused by changes in interest rates, and not from a decline in credit of the underlying issuers.  
The U.S. Treasury, U.S. Agency, and GSE mortgage-backed securities are all considered to be agency-backed securities with no risk of loss as they are either 
explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government. The changes in fair value in the agency-backed portfolios are solely driven by change in interest 
rates caused by changing economic conditions. The Company has no knowledge of any underlying credit issues and the cash flows underlying the debt 
securities have not changed and are not expected to be impacted by changes in interest rates.  
For the State and political subdivision portfolio, the majority of the Company’s holdings are in general obligation bonds, which have a very low 
historical default rate due to issuers generally having unlimited taxing authority to service the debt.  For the State and political, Corporates, and Collateralized 
loan obligations portfolios, the Company has a robust process for monitoring credit risk, including both pre-purchase and ongoing post-purchase credit reviews 
and analysis.  The Company monitors credit ratings of all bond issuers in these segments and reviews available financial data, including market and sector 
trends.

105
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a $4.9 million impairment on one Corporate available-for-sale security.
As of both December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was no ACL related to the Company’s available-for-sale securities as the decline in fair value did not 
result from credit issues.
Securities Held to Maturity
The following table provides detailed information about securities held to maturity at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively (in thousands):
2024
 
Amortized 
Cost
   
Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains
   
Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Allowance for 
Credit Losses    
Net Carrying 
Amount
 
U.S. Agency
  $
116,331     $
—     $
(581 )   $
115,750     $
—     $
116,331  
Mortgage-backed
   
2,523,134      
—      
(418,482 )    
2,104,652      
—      
2,523,134  
State and political subdivisions
   
2,739,447      
12,035      
(222,946 )    
2,528,536      
(2,645 )    
2,736,802  
Total
  $
5,378,912     $
12,035     $
(642,009 )   $
4,748,938     $
(2,645 )   $
5,376,267  
2023
 
Amortized 
Cost
   
Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains
   
Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses
   
Fair Value
   
Allowance for 
Credit Losses    
Net Carrying 
Amount
 
U.S. Agency
  $
123,210     $
—     $
(2,686 )   $
120,524     $
—     $
123,210  
Mortgage-backed
   
2,738,253      
18      
(356,657 )    
2,381,614      
—      
2,738,253  
State and political subdivisions
   
2,830,405      
21,021      
(170,197 )    
2,681,229      
(3,258 )    
2,827,147  
Total
  $
5,691,868     $
21,039     $
(529,540 )   $
5,183,367     $
(3,258 )   $
5,688,610  
The following table presents contractual maturity information for securities held to maturity at December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
 
 
 
Amortized
   
Fair
 
 
 
Cost
   
Value
 
Due in 1 year or less
  $
207,151     $
206,440  
Due after 1 year through 5 years
   
236,820      
231,802  
Due after 5 years through 10 years
   
775,661      
732,758  
Due after 10 years
   
1,636,146      
1,473,286  
Total
   
2,855,778      
2,644,286  
Mortgage-backed securities
   
2,523,134      
2,104,652  
Total securities held to maturity
  $
5,378,912     $
4,748,938  
 
Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or 
prepayment penalties.
There were no sales of securities held to maturity during 2024, 2023, or 2022.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, securities with an amortized cost of $4.1 billion and a fair value of $3.8 billion were transferred from the 
available-for-sale classification to the held-to-maturity classification as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity.  The 
transfers of securities were made at fair value at the time of transfer.  The unrealized holding gain or loss at the time of transfer is retained in AOCI and will be 
amortized over the remaining life of the securities, offsetting the related amortization of discount or premium on the transferred securities.  No gains or losses 
were recognized at the time of the transfers.  The amortized cost balance of securities held to maturity in the tables above includes a net unamortized unrealized 
loss of $171.3 million and $207.2 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Accrued interest on securities held to maturity totaled $25.6 million and $27.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is included 
in the Accrued income line on the Company’s Consolidated Balance 

106
Sheets.  The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost of held-to-maturity securities presented above.  Further, the Company has 
elected not to measure an ACL for accrued interest receivable.
The following table shows the Company’s held-to-maturity investments’ gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and 
length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
 
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
2024
 
Coun
t
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized 
Losses
   
Coun
t
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized 
Losses
   
Coun
t
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized 
Losses
 
U.S. Agency
   
—     $
—     $
—      
10     $
115,750     $
(581 )    
10     $
115,750     $
(581 )
Mortgage-backed
   
6      
3,527      
(103 )    
26
3       2,101,125      
(418,379 )    
26
9       2,104,652      
(418,482 )
State and political subdivisions
   
47      
52,468      
(2,030 )    
1,4
14       1,972,927      
(220,916 )    
1,4
61       2,025,395      
(222,946 )
Total
   
53     $
55,995     $
(2,133 )    
1,6
87     $ 4,189,802     $ (639,876 )    
1,7
40     $ 4,245,797     $
(642,009 )
 
 
 
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
2023
 
Cou
nt
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized 
Losses
   
Cou
nt
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized 
Losses
   
Cou
nt
   
Fair Value
   
Unrealized 
Losses
 
U.S. Agency
   
—     $
—     $
—      
11     $
120,524     $
(2,686 )    
11     $
120,524     $
(2,686 )
Mortgage-backed
   
2      
1,469      
(14 )    
26
3       2,377,922      
(356,643 )    
26
5       2,379,391      
(356,657 )
State and political subdivisions
   
14
6      
570,950      
(22,557 )    
1,3
43       1,612,442      
(147,640 )    
1,4
89       2,183,392      
(170,197 )
Total
   
14
8     $
572,419     $
(22,571 )    
1,6
17     $ 4,110,888     $ (506,969 )    
1,7
65     $ 4,683,307     $
(529,540 )
The unrealized losses in the Company’s held-to-maturity portfolio were caused by changes in the interest rate environment.  The U.S. Agency and GSE 
mortgage-backed securities are considered to be agency-backed securities with no risk of loss as they are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. 
government. Therefore, the Company’s expected lifetime loss for these portfolios is zero and there is no ACL recorded for these portfolios. The Company has 
no knowledge of any underlying credit issues and the cash flows underlying the debt securities have not changed and are not expected to be impacted by 
changes in interest rates.
For the State and political subdivision portfolio, the Company’s holdings are in general obligation bonds as well as private placement bonds, which have 
very low historical default rates due to issuers generally having unlimited taxing authority to service the debt.  The Company has a robust process for 
monitoring credit risk, including both pre-purchase and ongoing post-purchase credit reviews and analysis. The Company monitors credit ratings of all bond 
issuers in these segments and reviews available financial data, including market and sector trends. The underlying bonds are evaluated for credit losses in 
conjunction with management’s estimate of the ACL based on credit rating.
The following table shows the amortized cost basis by credit rating of the Company’s held-to-maturity State and political subdivisions bond investments 
at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Credit Rating - HTM Debt Securities
 
2024
 
AAA
   
AA
   
A
   
BBB
   
BB
   
CCC-C
   
Total
 
State and political subdivisions:  
    
    
     
      
     
   
   
Competitive
  $
—     $
—     $
424,690     $
610,351     $
36,628     $
21,990     $
1,093,659  
Utilities
   
759,798      
761,706      
99,127      
24,509      
648      
—      
1,645,788  
Total state and political 
subdivisions
  $
759,798     $
761,706     $
523,817     $
634,860     $
37,276     $
21,990     $
2,739,447  
 

107
 
 
Amortized Cost Basis by Credit Rating - HTM Debt Securities
 
2023
 
AAA
   
AA
   
A
   
BBB
   
BB
   
B
   
CCC-C
   
Total
 
State and political 
subdivisions:
 
    
    
     
      
   
      
   
   
Competitive
  $
—     $
7,704     $
464,349     $
641,743     $
30,734     $
15,326     $
2,649     $ 1,162,505  
Utilities
   
757,381      
795,448      
87,736      
26,720      
615      
—      
—       1,667,900  
Total state and political 
subdivisions
  $
757,381     $
803,152     $
552,085     $
668,463     $
31,349     $
15,326     $
2,649     $ 2,830,405  
Competitive held-to-maturity securities include not-for-profit enterprises that provide public functions such as housing, higher education, or healthcare, 
but do so in a competitive environment.  It also includes project financings that can have relatively high enterprise risk, such as deals backed by revenues from 
sports or convention facilities or start-up transportation revenues.
Utilities are public enterprises providing essential services with a monopoly or near-monopoly over the service area.  This includes environmental 
utilities (water, sewer, solid waste), power utilities (electric distribution and generation, gas), and transportation utilities (airports, parking, toll roads, mass 
transit, ports).
All held-to-maturity securities were current and not past due at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Trading Securities
The were no net unrealized gains or losses on trading securities as of December 31, 2024. The net unrealized gain on trading securities was $272 
thousand and the net unrealized loss on trading securities was $26 thousand as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  Net unrealized gains and losses 
are included in trading and investment banking income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.  Securities sold not yet purchased totaled $7.1 million and 
$8.0 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are classified within the Other liabilities line of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Other Securities
The table below provides detailed information for Other securities at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
FRB and FHLB stock
 
$
42,672    
$
87,672  
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values
 
 
11,596    
 
11,228  
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values
 
 
416,750    
 
394,035  
Total
 
$
471,018    
$
492,935  
Investment in FRB stock is based on the capital structure of the investing bank, and investment in FHLB stock is mainly tied to the level of borrowings 
from the FHLB. These holdings are carried at cost.  Equity securities with readily determinable fair values are generally traded on an exchange and market 
prices are readily available.  Equity securities without readily determinable fair values include equity investments which are held by a subsidiary qualified as a 
Small Business Investment Company, as well as investments in low-income housing partnerships within the areas the Company serves.  Unrealized gains or 
losses on equity securities with and without readily determinable fair values are recognized in the Investment securities gains, net line of the Company’s 
Consolidated Statements of Income.  

108
The table below presents the changes in equity securities without readily determinable fair values for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Balance – beginning of year
 
$
394,035    
$
297,504  
Purchases of securities
 
 
91,169    
 
109,487  
Observable upward price adjustments
 
 
15,467    
 
2,514  
Observable downward price adjustments
 
 
(5,153 )  
 
(1,250 )
Sales of securities and other activity
 
 
(78,768 )  
 
(14,220 )
Balance – end of year
 
$
416,750    
$
394,035  
Investment Securities Gains, Net
The following table presents the components of Investment securities gains (losses), net for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Investment securities gains (losses), net
 
    
     
   
Available-for-sale debt securities:
 
    
     
   
Gains realized on sales
  $
139     $
154     $
—  
Losses realized on sales
   
—      
(2 )    
—  
Impairment on AFS security
   
—      
(4,925 )    
—  
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values:
 
    
    
   
Fair value adjustments, net
   
12      
168      
(8,073 )
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values:
 
    
    
   
Fair value adjustments, net
   
(1,733 )    
1,334      
355  
Sales
   
12,302      
132      
66,162  
Total investment securities gains (losses), net
  $
10,720     $
(3,139 )
  $
58,444  
 
During 2022, the Company sold the entirety of its Visa Inc. Class B common shares in a cash transaction which resulted in a pre-tax gain of $66.2 
million. Prior to the sale, the Visa Inc. Class B shares had no carrying value on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as the Company had no historical 
cost basis in the shares.
 
5. SECURITIES PURCHASED UNDER AGREEMENTS TO RESELL
The Company regularly enters into agreements for the purchase of securities with simultaneous agreements to resell (resell agreements).  The agreements 
permit the Company to sell or repledge these securities.  Resell agreements were $545.0 million and $240.3 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, 
respectively.  The Company obtains possession of collateral with a market value equal to or in excess of the principal amount loaned under resell agreements.
6. LOANS TO OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
Certain executive officers and directors of the Company and the Bank, including companies in which those persons are principal holders of equity 
securities or are general partners, borrow in the normal course of business from the Bank.  All such loans have been made on substantially the same terms, 
including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with unrelated parties.  In addition, all such loans are 
current as to repayment terms.  

109
For the years 2024 and 2023, an analysis of activity with respect to such aggregate loans to related parties appears below (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Balance – beginning of year
  $
508,507     $
362,853  
New loans
   
62,805      
177,354  
Repayments
   
(101,579 )    
(27,271 )
Reduction due to change in reportable loans
   
(91 )    
(4,429 )
Balance – end of year
  $
469,642     $
508,507  
7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 by operating segment are as follows (in 
thousands):
 
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
    Personal Banking    
Total
 
Balances as of January 1, 2024
  $
63,113     $
76,492     $
67,780     $
207,385  
Balances as of December 31, 2024
  $
63,113     $
76,492     $
67,780     $
207,385  
 
 
    
    
    
   
Balances as of January 1, 2023
  $
63,113     $
76,492     $
67,780     $
207,385  
Balances as of December 31, 2023
  $
63,113     $
76,492     $
67,780     $
207,385  
Following are the intangible assets that continue to be subject to amortization as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
As of December 31, 2024
 
 
Core Deposit 
Intangible 
Assets
   
Customer 
Relationships    
Total
 
Gross carrying amount
$
2,345     $
86,800     $
89,145  
Accumulated amortization
 
1,600      
23,898      
25,498  
Net carrying amount
$
745     $
62,902     $
63,647  
 
As of December 31, 2023
 
 
Core Deposit 
Intangible 
Assets
   
Customer 
Relationships    
Total
 
Gross carrying amount
$
2,345     $
109,978     $
112,323  
Accumulated amortization
 
1,135      
40,176      
41,311  
Net carrying amount
$
1,210     $
69,802     $
71,012  
 
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $7.7 million, $8.6 million, and $5.0 million, respectively.
The following table discloses the estimated amortization expense of intangible assets in future years (in thousands):
For the year ending December 31, 2025
  $
7,510  
For the year ending December 31, 2026
   
6,650  
For the year ending December 31, 2027
   
4,678  
For the year ending December 31, 2028
   
4,566  
For the year ending December 31, 2029
   
4,548  

110
8. PREMISES, EQUIPMENT, AND LEASES
Premises and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Land
  $
40,601     $
41,368  
Buildings and leasehold improvements
   
383,021      
370,646  
Equipment
   
199,537      
194,171  
Software
   
290,070      
287,592  
Total
   
913,229      
893,777  
Accumulated depreciation
   
(418,517 )   
(394,892 )
Accumulated amortization
   
(272,939 )   
(257,185 )
Premises and equipment, net
  $
221,773     $
241,700  
Premises and equipment depreciation and amortization expenses were $40.8 million in 2024, $46.5 million in 2023, and $46.8 million in 2022.  
The Company primarily has leases of real estate, including buildings, or portions of buildings, used for bank branches or general office operations.  
These leases have remaining lease terms that range from less than one year to 23 years and most leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal 
terms that can extend the lease term from one month to 35 years or more. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company’s sole discretion.  No renewal 
options were included in the Company’s calculation of its lease liabilities or right of use assets since it is not reasonably certain that the Company will exercise 
these options. No leases include options to purchase the leased property.  The lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material 
restrictive covenants.  An insignificant number of leases include variable lease payments that are based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI).  For the calculation 
of the lease liability and right of use asset for these leases, the Company has included lease payments based on CPI as of the effective date of ASC 842 or the 
date a new lease or amendment was entered into, whichever is later.  The Company has made the election not to separate lease and non-lease components for 
existing real estate leases when determining consideration within the lease contract. All of the Company’s lease agreements are classified as operating leases 
under ASC 842.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, right-of-use assets of $47.6 million and $50.0 million, respectively, were included as part of Other assets on the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, lease liabilities of $55.1 million and $58.9 million were included as part of Other liabilities on the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, lease 
expense of $10.5 million, $11.1 million, and $11.9 million, respectively, was recognized as part of Occupancy expense on the Company’s Consolidated 
Statements of Income.  For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, cash payments of $12.2 million, $12.2 million, and $12.9 million, respectively, 
were made for leases included in the measurement of lease liabilities and are classified as cash flows from operating activities in the Company’s Consolidated 
Statements of Cash Flows.  For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities were $4.8 
million and $5.7 million, respectively.  As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the weighted average remaining lease terms of the Company’s leases were 6.1 years 
and 6.5 years, respectively, and the weighted average discount rates were 3.36% and 3.17%, respectively.
As of December 31, 2024, future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):
 
2025
 
$
12,018  
2026
 
 
11,626  
2027
 
 
10,567  
2028
 
 
8,712  
2029
 
 
7,074  
Thereafter
 
 
11,386  
Total lease payments
 
 
61,383  
Less: Interest
 
 
6,262  
Present value of lease liabilities
 
$
55,121  

111
9. BORROWED FUNDS
The components of the Company's long-term debt are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Short-term debt:
 
 
   
 
 
Federal Home Loan Bank 5.04% due 2024
 
$
—    
$
1,000,000  
Federal Reserve Bank Term Funding Program 4.83% due 2024
 
 
—    
 
800,000  
Total short-term debt
 
 
—    
 
1,800,000  
Long-term debt:
 
 
   
 
 
Trust Preferred Securities:
 
    
   
Marquette Capital Trust I Subordinated Debentures 6.24% due 2036
 
 
18,926    
 
18,607  
Marquette Capital Trust II Subordinated Debentures 6.24% due 2036
 
 
19,429    
 
19,132  
Marquette Capital Trust III Subordinated Debentures 6.10% due 2036
 
 
7,631    
 
7,517  
Marquette Capital Trust IV Subordinated Debentures 6.22% due 2036
 
 
30,796    
 
30,356  
Subordinated notes 3.70% due 2030, net of issuance costs
 
 
199,681    
 
199,232  
Subordinated notes 6.25% due 2032, net of issuance costs
 
 
108,829    
 
108,403  
Total long-term debt
 
 
385,292    
 
383,247  
Total borrowed funds
 
$
385,292    
$
2,183,247  
The aggregate contractual repayment of long-term debt of $413.1 million is due after December 31, 2029.
The Company assumed long-term debt obligations from the acquisition of Marquette consisting of debt obligations payable to four unconsolidated trusts 
(Marquette Capital Trust I, Marquette Capital Trust II, Marquette Capital Trust III, and Marquette Capital Trust IV) that previously issued trust preferred 
securities.  These long-term debt obligations had an aggregate contractual balance of $103.1 million and had a carrying value of $76.8 million and $75.6 million 
as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Interest rates on trust preferred securities are tied to the three-month Term SOFR rate with spreads ranging 
from 133 basis points to 160 basis points and reset quarterly. The trust preferred securities have maturity dates ranging from January 2036 to September 2036.
In September 2020, the Company issued $200.0 million of 3.70% fixed-to-fixed rate subordinated notes that mature on September 17, 2030.  The notes 
bear interest at the rate of 3.70% per annum, payable semi-annually on each March 17 and September 17.  The Company may redeem the notes, in whole or in 
part, on September 17, 2025, or on any interest payment date thereafter.  Unamortized debt issuance costs related to these notes totaled $0.3 million and $0.8 
million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  Proceeds from the issuance of the notes were used for general corporate purposes, including 
contributing Tier 1 capital into the Bank.
In September 2022, the Company issued $110.0 million of 6.25% fixed-to-fixed rate subordinated notes that mature on September 28, 2032.  The notes 
bear interest at the rate of 6.25% per annum, payable semi-annually on each March 28 and September 28.  The Company may redeem the notes, in whole or in 
part, on September 28, 2027, or on any interest payment date thereafter.  Unamortized debt issuance costs related to these notes totaled $1.2 million and $1.6 
million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  Proceeds from the issuance of the notes were used for general corporate purposes, including 
contributing Tier 1 capital into the Bank.
The Company is a member bank of the FHLB of Des Moines and through this relationship, the Company owns FHLB stock and has access to additional 
liquidity and funding sources through FHLB advances.  The Company’s borrowing capacity is dependent upon the amount of collateral the Company places at 
the FHLB.  As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 the Company owned $10.2 million and $55.2 million of FHLB stock, respectively.  The 
Company had no outstanding advances at the FHLB of Des Moines as of December 31, 2024.  The Company had one short-term advance of $1.0 billion 
outstanding at FHLB of Des Moines as of December 31, 2023.  Additionally, in both 2024 and 2023, the FHLB of Des Moines issued a letter of credit for 
$150.0 million on behalf of the Company to secure deposits.  The letter of credit outstanding as of December 31, 2024 expired in January 2025 and was 
subsequently renewed with an expiration date in March 2025.  The Company’s borrowing capacity with the FHLB was $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2024. 

112
The Company had no short-term borrowings outstanding with the Federal Reserve Bank's BTFP as of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2023, the 
Company had an $800.0 million short-term borrowing outstanding with the BTFP. The FRB terminated the BTFP during 2024. The Company's remaining 
borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Discount Window was $12.5 billion as of December 31, 2024.
The Company enters into sales of securities with simultaneous agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements).  The Company utilizes repurchase 
agreements to facilitate the needs of customers and to facilitate secured short-term funding needs. Repurchase agreements are stated at the amount of cash 
received in connection with the transaction. The Company monitors collateral levels on a continuous basis and may be required to provide additional collateral 
based on the fair value of the underlying securities. Securities pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements are maintained with the Company’s 
safekeeping agents.  The amounts received under these agreements represent short-term borrowings.  The amount outstanding at December 31, 2024, was $2.5 
billion, with accrued interest payable of $1.7 million.  The amount outstanding at December 31, 2023, was $2.1 billion, with accrued interest payable of $1.5 
million.  
The carrying amounts and market values of the securities and the related repurchase liabilities and weighted average interest rates of the repurchase 
liabilities (grouped by maturity of the repurchase agreements) were as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 
 
As of December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Securities Fair Market 
Value
   
Repurchase
Liabilities
   
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
 
Maturity of the Repurchase Liabilities
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
2 to 29 days
  $
2,123,066    
$
2,105,512      
3.66 %
30 to 90 Days
   
439,400    
 
431,048      
4.78  
Over 90 Days
   
2,750    
 
2,750      
2.50  
Total
  $
2,565,216    
$
2,539,310      
3.85 %
 
 
As of December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Securities Fair Market 
Value
   
Repurchase
Liabilities
   
Weighted Average
Interest Rate
 
Maturity of the Repurchase Liabilities
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
2 to 29 days
  $
1,544,906    
$
1,830,542      
4.41 %
30 to 90 Days
   
188,424    
 
186,289      
5.67  
Over 90 Days
   
91,140    
 
89,000      
5.08  
Total
  $
1,824,470    
$
2,105,831      
4.55 %
 
The table below presents the remaining contractual maturities of repurchase agreements outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023, in addition to the 
various types of marketable securities that have been pledged as collateral for these borrowings (in thousands):
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
 
 
 
2-29 days
   
30-90 days
   
Over 90 Days
   
Total
 
Repurchase agreements, secured by:
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
U.S. Treasury
  $
608,836     $
—     $
—     $
608,836  
U.S. Agency
   
1,496,676      
431,048      
2,750      
1,930,474  
Total repurchase agreements
  $
2,105,512     $
431,048     $
2,750     $
2,539,310  

113
 
 
As of December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements
 
 
 
2-29 days
   
30-90 days
   
Over 90 Days
   
Total
 
Repurchase agreements, secured by:
 
 
   
 
     
   
 
 
U.S. Treasury
  $
119,528     $
—     $
43,618     $
163,146  
U.S. Agency
   
1,711,014      
186,289      
45,382      
1,942,685  
Total repurchase agreements
  $
1,830,542     $
186,289     $
89,000     $
2,105,831  
10. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
Payment of dividends by the Bank to the parent company is subject to various regulatory restrictions.  For national banks, the governing regulatory 
agency must approve the declaration of any dividends generally in excess of the sum of net income for that year and retained net income for the preceding two 
years.  
The Bank maintains a reserve balance with the FRB as required by law.  During 2024, this amount averaged $3.4 billion, compared to $2.0 billion in 
2023. 
At December 31, 2024, the Company is required to have minimum common equity tier 1, tier 1, and total capital ratios of 4.5%, 6.0% and 8.0%, 
respectively.  The Company’s actual ratios at that date were 11.29%, 11.29% and 13.21%, respectively.  The Company is required to have a minimum leverage 
ratio of 4.0%, and the leverage ratio at December 31, 2024, was 8.50%.
As of December 31, 2024, the most recent notification from the OCC categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for 
prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as well-capitalized the Bank must maintain total risk-based, tier 1 risk-based, common equity tier 1, and tier 1 
leverage ratios of 10.0%, 8.0%, 6.5%, and 5.0%, respectively.  There are no conditions or events that have occurred since the receipt of the most recent 
notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s categorization.
In addition, under amendments to the BHCA introduced by the Dodd-Frank Act and commonly known as the Volcker Rule, the Company and its 
subsidiaries are subject to extensive limits on proprietary trading and on owning or sponsoring hedge funds and private-equity funds. The limits on proprietary 
trading are largely focused on purchases or sales of financial instruments by a banking entity as principal primarily for the purpose of short-term resale, 
benefiting from actual or expected short-term price movements, or realizing short-term arbitrage profits. The limits on owning or sponsoring hedge funds and 
private-equity funds are designed to ensure that banking entities generally maintain only small positions in managed or advised funds and are not exposed to 
significant losses arising directly or indirectly from them. The Volcker Rule also provides for increased capital charges, quantitative limits, rigorous compliance 
programs, and other restrictions on permitted proprietary trading and fund activities, including a prohibition on transactions with a covered fund that would 
constitute a covered transaction under Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. The fund activities of the Company and its subsidiaries are in 
conformance with the Volcker Rule.  

114
Actual capital amounts as well as required and well-capitalized common equity tier 1, tier 1, total and tier 1 leverage ratios as of December 31, 2024 
and 2023 for the Company and the Bank are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
2024
 
 
 
Actual
   
For Capital Adequacy Purposes
   
To Be Well Capitalized Under 
Prompt Corrective Action 
Provisions
 
 
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
  $
3,802,257      
11.29 %  $
1,514,987      
4.50 %  $
N/A      
N/A %
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,835,875      
11.47      
1,505,357      
4.50      
2,174,405      
6.50  
Tier 1 Capital:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
3,802,257      
11.29      
2,019,983      
6.00    
N/A   
N/A
 
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,835,875      
11.47      
2,007,143      
6.00      
2,676,191      
8.00  
Total Capital:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
4,445,872      
13.21      
2,693,311      
8.00    
N/A   
N/A
 
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
4,094,077      
12.24      
2,676,191      
8.00      
3,345,239      
10.00  
Tier 1 Leverage:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
3,802,257      
8.50      
1,789,746      
4.00    
N/A   
N/A
 
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,835,875      
8.52      
1,801,784      
4.00      
2,252,230      
5.00  
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
2023
 
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
  $
3,418,676      
10.94 %  $
1,406,371      
4.50 %  $
N/A      
N/A %
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,477,634      
11.21      
1,395,873      
4.50      
2,016,261      
6.50  
Tier 1 Capital:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
3,418,676      
10.94      
1,875,161      
6.00    
N/A   
N/A
 
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,477,634      
11.21      
1,861,164      
6.00      
2,481,551      
8.00  
Total Capital:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
4,014,910      
12.85      
2,500,215      
8.00    
N/A   
N/A
 
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,690,378      
11.90      
2,481,551      
8.00      
3,101,939      
10.00  
Tier 1 Leverage:
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
UMB Financial Corporation
   
3,418,676      
8.49      
1,611,076      
4.00    
N/A   
N/A
 
UMB Bank, n. a.
   
3,477,634      
8.52      
1,633,347      
4.00      
2,041,684      
5.00  
11. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
The Company has a discretionary noncontributory profit-sharing plan, which features an employee stock ownership plan.  This plan is for the benefit of 
substantially all eligible officers and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries.  The Company recognized expense related to such contributions of $2.0 
million for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. 
The Company has a qualified 401(k) profit sharing plan that permits participants to make contributions by salary deduction, to which the Company 
makes matching contributions.  The Company recognized expense related to matching contributions of $15.2 million, $15.2 million, and $13.6 million for the 
years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The Company recognized $21.3 million, $16.2 million, and $20.6 million in expense related to outstanding restricted stock unit grants for the years 
ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The Company did not recognize any expense related to outstanding restricted stock grants for the years 
ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.  The Company recognized $196 thousand in expense related to outstanding restricted stock grants for the year ended 
December 31, 2022.  The Company had $16.2 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding restricted stock unit grants at December 31, 
2024.  

115
Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan
At the April 26, 2005 shareholders’ meeting, the shareholders of the Company approved the UMB Financial Corporation Long-Term Incentive 
Compensation Plan (LTIP) which became effective as of January 1, 2005. The LTIP permits the issuance to selected officers of the Company service-based 
restricted stock grants, performance-based restricted stock grants and non-qualified stock options. Service-based restricted stock grants contain a service 
requirement.  The performance-based restricted grants contain performance and service requirements.  The non-qualified stock option grants contain a service 
requirement.
At the April 23, 2013 shareholders’ meeting, the shareholders of the Company approved amendments to the LTIP Plan, including increasing the number 
of shares of the Company’s stock reserved for issuance under the Plan from 5.25 million shares to 7.44 million shares. Additionally, the shareholders approved 
increasing the maximum benefits any one eligible employee may receive under the plan during any one fiscal year from $1 million to $2 million taking into 
account the value of all stock options and restricted stock received.
At the April 24, 2018 shareholders’ meeting, the shareholders of the Company approved the UMB Financial Corporation Omnibus Incentive 
Compensation Plan which became effective as of April 24, 2018 and replaced the LTIP plan.  No service-based restricted stock grants, performance-based 
restricted stock grants or non-qualified stock options have been issued under the LTIP since 2018.  Total fair value of shares vested during the year ended 
December 31, 2022 was $2.5 million.  There are no restricted stock grants outstanding under the LTIP as of December 31, 2024 or 2023.    
The non-qualified stock options issued under the LTIP carry a service requirement and grants issued prior to 2016 vested 50% after three years, 75% 
after four years and 100% after five years, while grants issued in 2016 through 2018 vested 50% after two years, 75% after three years and 100% after four 
years.
The table below discloses the information relating to non-qualified option activity in 2024 under the LTIP:
 
 
Number of 
Shares
   
Weighted 
Average Price 
Per Share
   
Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term
   
Aggregate 
Intrinsic Value  
Stock Options Under the LTIP
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Outstanding - December 31, 2023
   
97,624     $
64.20    
    
   
Granted
   
—      
—    
    
   
Canceled
   
—      
—    
    
   
Expired
   
(3,934 )    
59.72    
    
   
Exercised
   
(63,476 )    
64.64    
    
   
Outstanding - December 31, 2024
   
30,214     $
63.87      
1.6     $
1,480,036  
Exercisable - December 31, 2024
   
30,214     $
63.87      
1.6     $
1,480,036  
There were no options granted during 2024, 2023, or 2022.  The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2024, 
2023, and 2022, was $2.3 million, $640 thousand and $1.2 million, respectively.  As of December 31, 2024, there was no unrecognized compensation cost 
related to nonvested options.
Cash received from options exercised under all share-based compensation plans was $4.1 million, $1.9 million, and $1.5 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.  The tax benefit realized for stock options exercised was $590 thousand, $1.6 million, and $2.2 million for 
the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. 
The Company has no specific policy to repurchase common shares to mitigate the dilutive impact of options; however, the Company has historically 
made adequate discretionary repurchases of common shares in an amount that exceeds stock option exercise activity.  See a description of the Company’s 
Repurchase Authorizations in Note 14, “Common Stock and Earnings Per Share,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements provided in Item 8 of 
this report.

116
Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan
At the April 24, 2018 shareholders’ meeting, the shareholders of the Company approved the UMB Financial Corporation Omnibus Incentive 
Compensation Plan (OICP) which became effective as of April 24, 2018. The OICP permits the issuance to key employees of the Company various types of 
awards, including stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units, performance awards and other stock-based awards.  Service-based restricted stock 
unit awards contain a service requirement and the performance-based restricted stock unit awards contain performance and service requirements. The number of 
shares of the Company’s stock reserved for issuance under the OICP is 5.40 million shares.
At the April 30, 2024 shareholders’ meeting, the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the OICP pursuant to which, the aggregate 
number of shares of the Company’s stock available for issuance under the OICP increased by 1.85 million shares. This increased the number of shares of the 
Company’s stock reserved for issuance under the OICP from 5.40 million shares to 7.25 million shares.
The service-based restricted stock unit awards are payable in shares of stock and the majority contain a service requirement with a four-year graded 
vesting schedule in which 50% of the units are vested after two years, 75% are vested after three years, and 100% are vested after four years.  Grants of service-
based restricted stock units made beginning in 2023 contain a service requirement with a three-year pro-rata vesting schedule.  Certain other grants utilize 
vesting schedules in which the grants vest ratably over the requisite service period or have a cliff vesting.
The performance-based restricted stock unit awards are payable in shares of stock and contain a service and a performance requirement.  The 
performance requirement is based on two predetermined performance requirements over a three-year period. The service requirement portion is a three-year 
cliff vesting.  If the minimum performance requirement is not met, the participants do not receive the shares.
The dividends on service-based restricted stock units are treated as two separate transactions.  First, cash dividends are paid on the restricted stock units.  
Those cash dividends are then paid to purchase additional shares of restricted stock units.  Dividends earned as additional shares of restricted stock units have 
the same terms as the associated grant. The dividends paid on the stock are recorded as a reduction to retained earnings, similar to all dividend transactions.  
Dividends are not paid on performance-based restricted stock units.
The table below discloses the status of the service-based restricted stock units during 2024:
 
 
 
Number of Units
   
Weighted Average 
Price Per Unit
 
Service-Based Restricted Stock Units Under the OICP
 
 
   
 
 
Nonvested - December 31, 2023
   
365,110     $
88.47  
Granted
   
193,029      
79.79  
Canceled
   
(20,485 )    
85.58  
Vested
   
(170,669 )    
86.40  
Nonvested - December 31, 2024
   
366,985     $
85.03  
As of December 31, 2024, there was $13.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the nonvested service-based restricted stock units. The 
cost is expected to be recognized over a period of 1.6 years. 

117
Total fair value of units vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $14.1 million, $9.7 million, and $11.4 million, respectively.
The table below discloses the status of the performance-based restricted stock units during 2024:
 
 
 
Number of Units
   
Weighted Average 
Price Per Unit
 
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units Under the OICP
 
 
   
 
 
Nonvested - December 31, 2023
   
145,132     $
70.92  
Granted
   
66,306      
73.42  
Canceled
   
(6,734 )    
79.91  
Vested
   
(97,846 )    
70.92  
Performance-based adjustment
   
48,923      
70.92  
Nonvested - December 31, 2024
   
155,781     $
71.60  
As of December 31, 2024, there was $3.2 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the nonvested performance-based restricted stock units. 
The cost is expected to be recognized over a period of 1.8 years. The fair value of units vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was 
$8.2 million, $11.1 million, and $7.4 million, respectively. 
12. BUSINESS SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company has strategically aligned its operations into the following three reportable segments: Commercial Banking, Institutional Banking, and 
Personal Banking (collectively, the Business Segments, and each, a Business Segment).  These segments reflect the type of customer served, how products and 
services are provided, how executive management responsibilities are assigned, and reflect the manner in which financial information is evaluated by the chief 
operating decision maker (CODM). The Company’s CODM is comprised of a group of senior executive officers led by the Company's chief executive officer, 
chief administrative officer, chief financial officer, and the Bank's chief executive officer.
Business Segment financial information is produced using an internal reporting system which is based on a series of management estimates for funds 
transfer pricing (FTP), and allocations of noninterest expense and income taxes. The process for determining FTP is based on a number of factors and 
assumptions, including prevailing market interest rates, the expected lives of various assets and liabilities, and the Company’s broader funding profile. These 
estimates and allocations are periodically reviewed and refined. The CODM uses the Business Segment net income in deciding how to allocate resources and 
assess performance for individual Business Segments, including evaluating the cost or opportunity value of funds within each Business Segment and identifying 
areas of focus for organic growth or acquisition. For comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on methodologies in effect at December 31, 2024. 
Previously reported results have been reclassified in this filing to conform to the current organizational structure. 
The following summaries provide information about the activities of each segment:
Commercial Banking serves the commercial banking and treasury management needs of the Company’s small to middle-market businesses through a 
variety of products and services.  Such services include commercial loans, commercial real estate financing, commercial credit cards, letters of credit, loan 
syndication services, and consultative services.  In addition, the Company’s specialty lending group offers a variety of business solutions including asset-based 
lending, mezzanine debt and minority equity investments.  Treasury management services include depository services, account reconciliation and cash 
management tools such as, accounts payable and receivable solutions, electronic fund transfer and automated payments, controlled disbursements, lockbox 
services, and remote deposit capture services.
Institutional Banking is a combination of banking services, fund services, asset management services, and healthcare services provided to institutional 
clients.  This segment also provides fixed income sales, trading and underwriting, corporate trust and escrow services, as well as institutional custody.  
Institutional Banking includes UMBFS, which provides fund administration and accounting, investor services and transfer agency, and other services to mutual 
fund and alternative investment groups.  Healthcare services provides healthcare payment 

118
solutions including custodial services for health savings accounts (HSAs) and private label, multipurpose debit cards to insurance carriers, third-party 
administrators, software companies, employers, and financial institutions.
Personal Banking combines consumer banking and wealth management services offered to clients and delivered through personal relationships and the 
Company’s bank branches, ATM network and internet banking.  Products offered include deposit accounts, retail credit cards, private banking, installment 
loans, home equity lines of credit, and residential mortgages.  The range of client services extends from a basic checking account to estate planning and trust 
services and includes private banking, brokerage services, and insurance services in addition to a full spectrum of investment advisory, trust, and custody 
services.
BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
Segment financial results were as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2024
 
 
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
   
Personal 
Banking
   
Total
 
Net interest income
  $
665,587     $
199,821     $
135,484     $
1,000,892  
Provision for credit losses
   
50,155      
2,781      
8,114      
61,050  
Noninterest income
   
130,187      
398,306      
99,624      
628,117  
 
 
    
    
    
   
Salaries and employee benefits
   
110,719      
168,669      
93,326      
372,714  
Processing fees
   
9,117      
30,611      
13,186      
52,914  
Bankcard
   
9,158      
23,658      
10,873      
43,689  
Amortization of other intangible assets
   
—      
7,182      
524      
7,706  
Allocated technology, service, overhead
   
192,706      
137,180      
116,749      
446,635  
Other segment items*
   
34,436      
41,023      
27,569      
103,028  
Noninterest expense
   
356,136      
408,323      
262,227      
1,026,686  
Income (loss) before taxes
   
389,483      
187,023      
(35,233 )    
541,273  
Income tax expense (benefit)
   
71,248      
33,126      
(4,344 )    
100,030  
Net income (loss)
  $
318,235     $
153,897     $
(30,889 )   $
441,243  
Average assets
  $
21,539,000     $
14,578,000     $
7,073,000     $
43,190,000  
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2023
 
 
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
   
Personal 
Banking
   
Total
 
Net interest income
  $
598,371     $
192,765     $
128,980     $
920,116  
Provision for credit losses
   
33,184      
1,406      
6,637      
41,227  
Noninterest income
   
97,614      
347,933      
96,306      
541,853  
 
 
    
    
    
   
Salaries and employee benefits
   
103,674      
150,689      
88,115      
342,478  
Processing fees
   
7,539      
24,511      
12,754      
44,804  
Bankcard
   
7,581      
15,043      
9,889      
32,513  
Amortization of other intangible assets
   
—      
7,927      
659      
8,586  
Allocated technology, service, overhead
   
213,514      
148,257      
110,332      
472,103  
Other segment items*
   
33,548      
36,343      
28,765      
98,656  
Noninterest expense
   
365,856      
382,770      
250,514      
999,140  
Income (loss) before taxes
   
296,945      
156,522      
(31,865 )    
421,602  
Income tax expense (benefit)
   
47,874      
26,664      
(2,960 )    
71,578  
Net income (loss)
  $
249,071     $
129,858     $
(28,905 )   $
350,024  
Average assets
  $
20,676,000     $
12,504,000     $
6,550,000     $
39,730,000  

119
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
 
 
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
   
Personal 
Banking
   
Total
 
Net interest income
  $
596,031     $
159,679     $
158,087     $
913,797  
Provision for credit losses
   
32,851      
495      
4,554      
37,900  
Noninterest income
   
122,614      
323,794      
107,825      
554,233  
 
 
    
    
    
   
Salaries and employee benefits
   
100,872      
131,286      
86,265      
318,423  
Processing fees
   
5,221      
21,870      
12,384      
39,475  
Bankcard
   
6,373      
11,102      
8,658      
26,133  
Amortization of other intangible assets
   
—      
4,350      
687      
5,037  
Allocated technology, service, overhead
   
186,766      
126,910      
111,348      
425,024  
Other segment items*
   
33,680      
25,458      
24,889      
84,027  
Noninterest expense
   
332,912      
320,976      
244,231      
898,119  
Income before taxes
   
352,882      
162,002      
17,127      
532,011  
Income tax expense
   
66,651      
31,849      
1,829      
100,329  
Net income
  $
286,231     $
130,153     $
15,298     $
431,682  
Average assets
  $
17,489,000     $
13,100,000     $
6,990,000     $
37,579,000  
*Other segment items include occupancy, equipment, supplies and services, marketing and business development costs, legal and consulting, and regulatory 
fees.
13. REVENUE RECOGNITION
The following is a description of the principal activities from which the Company generates revenue that are within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers:
 
Trust and securities processing – Trust and securities processing income consists of fees earned on personal and corporate trust accounts, custody of 
securities services, trust investments and wealth management services, and mutual fund and alternative asset servicing.  The performance obligations related to 
this revenue include items such as performing full bond trustee service administration, investment advisory services, custody and record-keeping services, and 
fund administrative and accounting services.  These fees are part of long-term contractual agreements and the performance obligations are satisfied upon 
completion of service and fees are generally a fixed flat monthly rate or based on a percentage of the account’s market value per the contract with the customer.  
These fees are primarily recorded within the Company’s Institutional and Personal Banking segments.  
 
Trading and investment banking – Trading and investment banking income consists of income earned related to the Company’s trading securities 
portfolio, including futures hedging, dividends, bond underwriting, and other securities incomes.  The vast majority of this revenue is recognized in accordance 
with ASC 320, Debt and Equity Securities, and is out of the scope of ASC 606. A portion of trading and investment banking represents fees earned for 
management fees, commissions, and underwriting of corporate bond issuances.  The performance obligations related to these fees include reviewing the credit 
worthiness of the customer, ensuring appropriate regulatory approval and participating in due diligence.  The fees are fixed per the bond prospectus and the 
performance obligations are satisfied upon registration approval of the bonds by the applicable regulatory agencies.  Revenue is recognized at the point in time 
upon completion of service and when approval is granted by the regulators.
 
Service charges on deposits – Service charges on deposit accounts represent monthly analysis fees recognized for the services related to customer 
deposit accounts, including account maintenance and depository transactions processing fees.  Commercial Banking and Institutional Banking depository 
accounts charge fees in accordance with the customer’s pricing schedule while Personal Banking account holders are generally charged a flat service fee per 
month.  Deposit service charges for the healthcare accounts included in the Institutional Banking segment are priced according to either standard pricing 
schedules with individual account holders or according to service agreements between the Company and employer groups or third-party administrators.  The 
Company satisfies the performance obligation related to providing depository accounts monthly as transactions are processed and deposit service charge 
revenue is recorded monthly.  These fees are recognized within all Business Segments.  
 
Insurance fees and commissions – Insurance fees and commissions includes all insurance-related fees earned, including commissions for individual life, 
variable life, group life, health, group health, fixed annuity, and variable 

120
annuity insurance contracts. The performance obligations related to these revenues primarily represent the placement of insurance policies with the insurance 
company partners.  The fees are based on the contracts with insurance company partners and the performance obligations are satisfied when the terms of the 
policy have been agreed to and the insurance policy becomes effective.
 
Brokerage fees – Brokerage fees represent income earned related to providing brokerage transaction services, including commissions on equity and 
commodity trades, and fees for investment management, advisory and administration.  The performance obligations related to transaction services are executing 
the specified trade and are priced according to the customer’s fee schedule.  Such income is recognized at a point in time as the trade occurs and the 
performance obligation is fulfilled.  The performance obligations related to investment management, advisory and administration include allocating customer 
assets across a wide range of mutual funds and other investments, on-going account monitoring and re-balancing of the portfolio.  These performance 
obligations are satisfied over time and the related revenue is calculated monthly based on the assets under management of each customer.  All material 
performance obligations are satisfied as of the end of each accounting period.
 
Bankcard fees – Bankcard fees primarily represent income earned from interchange revenue from MasterCard and Visa for the Company’s processing of 
debit, credit, HSA, and flexible spending account transactions.  Additionally, the Company earns income and incentives related to various referrals of customers 
to card programs.  The performance obligation for interchange revenue is the processing of each transaction through the Company’s access to the banking 
system.  This performance obligation is completed for each individual transaction and income is recognized per transaction in accordance with interchange rates 
established by MasterCard and Visa.  The performance obligations for various referral and incentive programs include either referring customers to certain card 
products or issuing exclusively branded cards for certain customer segments.  The pricing of these incentive and referral programs are in accordance with the 
agreement with the individual card partner.  These performance obligations are completed as the referrals are made or over a period of time when the Company 
is exclusively issuing branded cards.  For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company also has approximately $39.4 million, $39.7 
million, and $34.5 million of expense, respectively, recorded within the Bankcard fees line on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income related to 
rebates and rewards programs that are outside of the scope of ASC 606.  All material performance obligations are satisfied as of the end of each accounting 
period.
 
Investment securities gains, net – In the regular course of business, the Company recognizes gains and losses on the sale of available-for-sale securities.  
Additionally, the Company recognizes gains and losses on equity securities with readily determinable fair values and equity securities without readily 
determinable fair values.  These gains and losses are recognized in accordance with ASC 320, Debt and Equity Securities, and are outside of the scope of ASC 
606.
 
Other income – The Company recognizes other miscellaneous income through a variety of other revenue streams, the most material of which include 
letter of credit fees, certain loan origination fees, gains on the sale of assets, derivative income, and bank-owned and company-owned life insurance income.  
These revenue streams are outside of the scope of ASC 606 and are recognized in accordance with the applicable U.S. GAAP.  The remainder of Other income 
is primarily earned through transactions with personal banking customers, including wire transfer service charges, stop payment charges, and fees for items like 
money orders and cashier’s checks.  The performance obligations of these types of fees are satisfied as transactions are completed and revenue is recognized 
upon transaction execution according to established fee schedules with the customers.  
 
The Company had no material contract assets, contract liabilities, or remaining performance obligations as of December 31, 2024 or 2023.  Total 
receivables from revenue recognized under the scope of ASC 606 were $100.2 million and $86.6 million as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 
respectively.  These receivables are included as part of the Other assets line on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
The following tables depict the disaggregation of revenue according to revenue stream and Business Segment for the three years ended December 31, 
2024, 2023, and 2022.  As stated in Note 12, “Business Segment Reporting,” for comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on methodologies in 
effect at December 31, 2024 and previously reported results have been reclassified in this filing to conform to the current organizational structure.  

121
Disaggregated revenue is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2024
 
NONINTEREST INCOME
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
   
Personal 
Banking
   
Revenue 
(Expense) out 
of Scope of 
ASC 606
   
Total
 
Trust and securities processing
 
$
—    
$
232,239    
$
58,332    
$
—    
$
290,571  
Trading and investment banking
 
 
—    
 
1,131    
 
—    
 
23,095    
 
24,226  
Service charges on deposit accounts
 
 
42,309    
 
36,665    
 
5,425    
 
113    
 
84,512  
Insurance fees and commissions
 
 
—    
 
—    
 
1,257    
 
—    
 
1,257  
Brokerage fees
 
 
267    
 
53,532    
 
7,765    
 
—    
 
61,564  
Bankcard fees
 
 
72,530    
 
33,154    
 
21,395    
 
(39,282 )  
 
87,797  
Investment securities gains, net
 
 
—    
 
—    
 
—    
 
10,720    
 
10,720  
Other
 
 
2,008    
 
3,014    
 
2,639    
 
59,809    
 
67,470  
Total noninterest income
 
$
117,114    
$
359,735    
$
96,813    
$
54,455    
$
628,117  
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2023
 
NONINTEREST INCOME
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
   
Personal 
Banking
   
Revenue 
(Expense) out 
of Scope of 
ASC 606
   
Total
 
Trust and securities processing
 
$
—    
$
203,887    
$
53,313    
$
—    
$
257,200  
Trading and investment banking
 
 
—    
 
298    
 
—    
 
19,332    
 
19,630  
Service charges on deposit accounts
 
 
38,358    
 
40,578    
 
5,918    
 
96    
 
84,950  
Insurance fees and commissions
 
 
—    
 
—    
 
1,009    
 
—    
 
1,009  
Brokerage fees
 
 
374    
 
46,395    
 
7,350    
 
—    
 
54,119  
Bankcard fees
 
 
65,302    
 
26,153    
 
22,246    
 
(38,982 )  
 
74,719  
Investment securities losses, net
 
 
—    
 
—    
 
—    
 
(3,139 )  
 
(3,139 )
Other
 
 
762    
 
2,835    
 
2,582    
 
47,186    
 
53,365  
Total noninterest income
 
$
104,796    
$
320,146    
$
92,418    
$
24,493    
$
541,853  
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
 
NONINTEREST INCOME
 
Commercial 
Banking
   
Institutional 
Banking
   
Personal 
Banking
   
Revenue 
(Expense) out 
of Scope of 
ASC 606
   
Total
 
Trust and securities processing
 
$
—    
$
183,724    
$
53,483    
$
—    
$
237,207  
Trading and investment banking
 
 
—    
 
319    
 
—    
 
22,882    
 
23,201  
Service charges on deposit accounts
 
 
34,399    
 
43,054    
 
7,543    
 
171    
 
85,167  
Insurance fees and commissions
 
 
—    
 
—    
 
1,338    
 
—    
 
1,338  
Brokerage fees
 
 
230    
 
35,141    
 
7,648    
 
—    
 
43,019  
Bankcard fees
 
 
61,939    
 
21,998    
 
23,049    
 
(33,535 )  
 
73,451  
Investment securities gains, net
 
 
—    
 
—    
 
—    
 
58,444    
 
58,444  
Other
 
 
810    
 
1,812    
 
2,642    
 
27,142    
 
32,406  
Total noninterest income
 
$
97,378    
$
286,048    
$
95,703    
$
75,104    
$
554,233  

122
14. COMMON STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table summarizes the share transactions for the three years ended December 31, 2024 (in thousands, except for share data):
 
 
Shares Issued
    Shares in Treasury  
Balance January 1, 2022
   
55,056,730      
(6,625,925 )
Purchase of Treasury Stock
   
—      
(341,785 )
Sale of Treasury Stock
   
—      
6,487  
Issued for stock options and restricted stock
   
—      
223,897  
Balance December 31, 2022
   
55,056,730      
(6,737,326 )
Purchase of Treasury Stock
   
—      
(94,727 )
Sale of Treasury Stock
   
—      
7,782  
Issued for stock options and restricted stock
   
—      
321,668  
Balance December 31, 2023
   
55,056,730      
(6,502,603 )
Purchase of Treasury Stock
   
—      
(93,428 )
Sale of Treasury Stock
   
—      
6,330  
Issued for stock options and restricted stock
   
—      
347,148  
Balance December 31, 2024
   
55,056,730      
(6,242,553 )
The Board authorized, at its April 26, 2022 meeting, the repurchase of up to two million shares of the Company’s common stock during the twelve 
months following the meeting.  The Board authorized, at its July 25, 2023 and April 30, 2024 meetings, the repurchase of up to one million shares of the 
Company’s common stock. The July 2023 Repurchase Authorization terminated on April 30, 2024, and the April 2024 Repurchase Authorization will terminate 
on April 29, 2025.  All share purchases pursuant to the Repurchase Authorizations are intended to be within the scope of Rule 10b-18 promulgated under the 
Exchange Act.  Rule 10b-18 provides a safe harbor for purchases in a given day if the Company satisfies the manner, timing and volume conditions of the rule 
when purchasing its own common shares. The Company has not made any repurchase of its securities other than pursuant to the Repurchase Authorizations.
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding 
during the year.  Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all potential common shares that were outstanding during the year. 
The shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share are shown below:
 
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding
   
48,747,814      
48,503,643      
48,340,922  
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock
   
309,142      
260,177      
406,477  
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding
   
49,056,956      
48,763,820      
48,747,399  
15. COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES
In the normal course of business, the Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in order to meet the financing needs of its 
customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commercial letters 
of credit, standby letters of credit, and futures contracts.  These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the 
amount recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The contract or notional amount of those instruments reflects the extent of involvement the Company 
has in particular classes of financial instruments.  Many of the commitments expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the total amount of these commitments 
does not necessarily represent the future cash requirements of the Company.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instruments for commitments to extend credit, 
commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit is represented by the contract or notional amount of those instruments.  The Company uses the same 
credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

123
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the agreement.  These 
conditions generally include, but are not limited to, each customer being current as to repayment terms of existing loans and no deterioration in the customer’s 
financial condition.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  The interest rate is 
generally a variable rate.  If the commitment has a fixed interest rate, the rate is generally not set until such time as credit is extended.  For credit card customers, 
the Company has the right to change or terminate terms or conditions of the credit card account at any time.  Since a large portion of the commitments and 
unused credit card lines are never actually drawn upon, the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  The Company 
evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on an individual basis.  The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of 
credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation.  Collateral pledged by customers varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, real estate, plant 
and equipment, stock, securities and certificates of deposit.
Commercial letters of credit are issued specifically to facilitate trade or commerce.  Under the terms of a commercial letter of credit, as a general rule, 
drafts will be drawn when the underlying transaction is consummated as intended.
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company payable upon the non-performance of a customer’s obligation to a third 
party.  The Company issues standby letters of credit for terms ranging from three months to six years.  The Company generally requires the customer to pledge 
collateral to support the letter of credit.  The maximum liability to the Company under standby letters of credit at December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $404.7 
million and $407.6 million, respectively.  As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, standby letters of credit totaling $26.7 million and $29.7 million, respectively, 
were with related parties to the Company.
The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities.  The Company holds collateral 
supporting those commitments when deemed necessary.  Collateral varies but may include such items as those described for commitments to extend credit.
Futures contracts are contracts for delayed delivery of securities or money market instruments in which the seller agrees to make delivery at a specified 
future date, of a specified instrument, at a specified yield.  Risks arise from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts and from 
movement in securities values and interest rates.  Instruments used in trading activities are carried at fair value and gains and losses on futures contracts are 
settled in cash daily.  Any changes in the fair value are recognized in trading and investment banking income.
The Company uses contracts to offset interest rate risk on specific securities held in the trading portfolio.  As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were 
no notional amounts outstanding for these contracts.   There were no open futures contract positions during the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.  There 
was no net futures activity for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 or 2022.  The Company controls the credit risk of its futures contracts through credit 
approvals, limits and monitoring procedures.
The Company also enters into foreign exchange contracts on a limited basis.  For operating purposes, the Company maintains certain balances in foreign 
banks. Foreign exchange contracts are purchased on a monthly basis to avoid foreign exchange risk on these foreign balances.  The Company will also enter into 
foreign exchange contracts to facilitate foreign exchange needs of customers.  The Company will enter into a contract to buy or sell a foreign currency at a 
future date only as part of a contract to sell or buy the foreign currency at the same future date to a customer.  During 2024, contracts to purchase and to sell 
foreign currency averaged approximately $46.8 million compared to $19.3 million during 2023.  The net gains on these foreign exchange contracts for the years 
ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $6.1 million, $4.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively.
With respect to group concentrations of credit risk, most of the Company’s business activity is with customers in the states of Missouri, Kansas, 
Colorado, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Arizona, Illinois, and Texas.  At December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any significant credit concentrations in any 
particular industry.

124
The following table summarizes the Company’s off-balance sheet financial instruments as described above (in thousands):
 
 
Contract or Notional Amount December 31,  
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Commitments to extend credit for loans (excluding credit card loans)
  $
12,904,749     $
12,831,831  
Commitments to extend credit under credit card loans
   
5,474,758      
4,286,604  
Commercial letters of credit
   
311      
1,224  
Standby letters of credit
   
404,697      
407,574  
Forward contracts
   
55,174      
26,471  
Spot foreign exchange contracts
   
50,006      
4,830  
Commitments to extend credit for securities purchased under agreements to resell
   
96,000      
—  
Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposure
The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to 
extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancelable by the Company.  The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will 
occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life.  The estimate is based on expected utilization 
rates by portfolio segment.  Utilization rates are influenced by historical trends and current conditions.  The expected utilization rates are applied to the total 
commitment to determine the expected amount to be funded.  The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure is calculated by applying portfolio segment 
expected credit loss rates to the expected amount to be funded.
The following categories of off-balance sheet credit exposures have been identified:
Revolving Lines of Credit: includes commercial, construction, agricultural, personal, and home-equity.  Risk inherent to revolving lines of credit often 
are related to the susceptibility of an individual or business experiencing unpredictable cash flow or financial troubles, thus leading to payment default.  During 
these financial troubles, the borrower could have less than desirable assets collateralizing the revolving line of credit.  The financial strain the borrower is 
experiencing could lead to drawing against the line without the ability to pay the line down.
Non-Revolving Lines of Credit: include commercial and personal.  Lines that do not carry a revolving feature are generally associated with a specific 
expenditure or project, such as to purchase equipment or the construction of real estate.  The predominate risk associated with non-revolving lines is the 
diversion of funds for other expenditures.  If the funds get diverted, the contributory value to collateral suffers.
Letters of Credit: includes standby letters of credit.  Generally, a standby letter of credit is established to provide assurance to the beneficiary that the 
applicant will perform certain obligations arising out of a separate transaction between the beneficiary and the applicant.  These obligations might be the 
performance of a service or delivery of a product.  If the obligations are not met, it gives the beneficiary the right to draw on the letter of credit.
The ACL for off-balance sheet credit exposures was $4.1 million and $5.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and was recorded in 
the Accrued expenses and taxes line of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.  A reduction of $950 thousand of provision for off-balance sheet credit 
exposures was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2024. Provision of $2.0 million and $500 thousand were recorded for off-balance sheet credit 
exposures for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  Provision for off-balance sheet credit exposures is recorded in the Provision for credit 
losses line of the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.
16. INCOME TAXES
Income taxes as set forth below produce effective income tax rates of 18.5% in 2024, 17.0% in 2023, and 18.9% in 2022.  These percentages are 
computed by dividing Income tax expense by Income before income taxes.

125
Income tax expense includes the following components (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Current tax
 
    
    
   
Federal
  $
107,697     $
81,565     $
92,673  
State
   
8,507      
10,452      
13,964  
Total current tax expense
   
116,204      
92,017      
106,637  
Deferred tax
 
    
    
   
Federal
   
(20,072 )    
(19,438 )    
(3,998 )
State
   
3,898      
(1,001 )    
(2,310 )
Total deferred tax benefit
   
(16,174 )    
(20,439 )    
(6,308 )
Total tax expense
  $
100,030     $
71,578     $
100,329  
The reconciliation between the income tax expense and the amount computed by applying the statutory federal tax rate of 21% for income before income 
taxes is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Statutory federal income tax expense
  $
113,667     $
88,536     $
111,722  
Tax-exempt interest income
   
(20,487 )    
(20,614 )    
(20,206 )
Tax-exempt life insurance related income
   
(5,492 )    
(4,961 )    
(723 )
Meals, entertainment and related expenses
   
1,703      
1,582      
854  
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefits
   
9,800      
7,466      
9,207  
Equity-based compensation
   
(505 )    
(1,377 )    
(1,921 )
Federal tax credits, net of amortization (as applicable)
   
(8,252 )    
(5,049 )    
(3,748 )
Other
   
9,596      
5,995      
5,144  
Total tax expense
  $
100,030     $
71,578     $
100,329  
In preparing its tax returns, the Company is required to interpret tax laws and regulations to determine its taxable income.  Periodically, the Company is 
subject to examinations by various taxing authorities that may give rise to differing interpretations of these laws.  Upon examination, agreement of tax liabilities 
between the Company and the multiple tax jurisdictions in which the Company files tax returns may ultimately be different.  The Company is in the 
examination process with four state tax authorities for various years between tax years 2020 and 2022.  The Company believes the aggregate amount of any 
additional liabilities that may result from these examinations, if any, will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations, or 
cash flows of the Company.
Deferred income taxes result from differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities measured for financial reporting and the tax basis of 
assets and liabilities for income tax return purposes.

126
The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected in the following table (in thousands): 
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
    
   
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale
  $
196,594     $
202,804  
Net unrealized loss on cash flow hedges
   
5,035      
—  
Loans, principally due to allowance for credit losses
   
57,553      
47,995  
Equity-based compensation
   
7,067      
7,446  
Accrued expenses
   
39,008      
35,779  
Deferred compensation
   
19,981      
17,918  
Miscellaneous
   
6,048      
3,617  
Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance
   
331,286      
315,559  
Valuation allowance
   
(11,106 )    
(3,286 )
Total deferred tax assets
   
320,180      
312,273  
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
    
   
Net unrealized gain on fair value hedges
   
(16,395 )    
(17,855 )
Net unrealized gain on cash flow hedges
   
—      
(4,133 )
Land, buildings and equipment
   
(24,859 )    
(27,772 )
Original issue discount
   
—      
(496 )
Prepaid expenses
   
(7,245 )    
(6,672 )
Partnership investments
   
(4,190 )    
(6,059 )
Trust preferred securities
   
(6,439 )    
(6,673 )
Intangibles
   
(13,776 )    
(16,843 )
Miscellaneous
   
(3,232 )    
(3,574 )
Total deferred tax liabilities
   
(76,136 )    
(90,077 )
Net deferred tax asset
  $
244,044     $
222,196  
As of December 31, 2024, state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $2.5 million are included in the miscellaneous deferred tax assets line 
item above.  These deferred tax assets include approximately $70.2 million related to net operating loss carryforwards that can be used to offset taxable income 
in future periods and reduce our income taxes payable in those future periods.  Most of these net operating losses expire at various times between 2025 and 2044 
and some have an indefinite carryforward.  During the year ended December 31, 2024, due to cumulative losses, the Company established a state valuation 
allowance of $3.8 million, against certain state deferred tax assets.  As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had a valuation allowance of $2.5 million 
and $1.2 million, respectively, for certain state net operating losses as they are not expected to be realized.  In addition, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the 
Company had a valuation allowance of $8.6 million and $2.1 million, respectively, to reduce certain other state deferred tax assets to the amount management 
believes will be more likely than not realized.
The net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are included in the Other assets line of the Company’s Consolidated Balance 
Sheets.
The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and local jurisdictions.  With few exceptions, 
the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for tax years prior to 2019 in the jurisdictions in 
which it files.  
Liabilities Associated With Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits totaled $8.3 million and $10.9 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The total amount of 
unrecognized tax benefits, net of associated deferred tax benefit, that would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized, would be $6.5 million and $8.6 million 
at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The unrecognized tax benefits relate to state tax positions that have a corresponding federal tax 
benefit. While it is expected that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months, the Company does not expect this change to 
have a material impact on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company.  

127
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
Unrecognized tax benefits - opening balance
  $
10,921     $
9,360  
Gross increases - tax positions in prior period
   
—      
64  
Gross decreases - tax positions in prior period
   
(3,051 )   
—  
Gross increases - current-period tax positions
   
1,915      
2,807  
Lapse of statute of limitations
   
(1,506 )   
(1,310 )
Unrecognized tax benefits - ending balance
  $
8,279     $
10,921  
Investments in Affordable Housing and Renewable Energy
The Company has invested in affordable housing and renewable energy projects sponsored by third parties, commonly referred to as tax equity 
investments.  The primary return on these investments is derived from the realization of federal tax credits and deductions.  Tax equity investments are recorded 
net of accumulated amortization using the proportional amortization method.  These investments are included in Other securities on the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets and totaled $251.0 million and $227.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Unfunded tax equity obligations are included in Other 
liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and totaled $116.5 million and $124.8 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following table summarizes the amortization expense and tax benefit recognized for the Company’s affordable housing projects and other tax credit 
investments (in thousands):
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
 
 
Amortization 
Expense 
   
Tax Benefit 
Recognized 
   
Amortization 
Expense 
   
Tax Benefit 
Recognized 
   
Amortization 
Expense 
   
Tax Benefit 
Recognized 
 
Low-income housing tax credit
  $
16,930     $
(21,277 )   $
12,709     $
(15,482 )   $
9,933     $
(12,427 )
Historic tax credit
   
1,471      
(1,493 )    
1,464      
(1,714 )    
1,464      
(1,462 )
Renewable energy
   
20,750      
(22,318 )    
—      
—      
—      
—  
Total
  $
39,151     $
(45,088 )   $
14,173     $
(17,196 )   $
11,397     $
(13,889 )
(1)
The credit programs disclosed above met the conditions to apply the proportional amortization method.  The amortization expense is included in Income 
tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Amortization of securities premiums, net of discount accretion in the Consolidated Statements 
of Cash Flows.  There were no credit programs that were not eligible for the proportional amortization method.
(2)
The tax benefit recognized primarily reflects the Federal tax credits generated from the investment, which are included in Income tax expense in the 
Consolidated Statements of Income. 
17. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives
The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions.  The Company principally manages its 
exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, 
including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities.  Specifically, the Company 
enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and 
uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates.  The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in 
the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to the 
Company’s loans and borrowings. The Company also has interest rate derivatives that result from a service provided to certain qualifying customers and, 
therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk of the Company’s assets or liabilities. The Company has entered into an offsetting position for each of these 
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)

128
derivative instruments with a matching instrument from another financial institution in order to minimize its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions.   
Fair Values of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets  
The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.  The Company’s 
derivative assets and derivative liabilities are located within Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Derivative fair values are determined using valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows from each 
derivative.  This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including 
interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates, and implied volatilities.  The Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its 
own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements.  In adjusting the fair value of its derivative 
contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral 
postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.
This table provides a summary of the fair value of the Company’s derivative assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in 
thousands):
 
 
 
Derivative Assets
   
Derivative Liabilities
 
 
 
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
Fair Value
 
2024
   
2023
   
2024
   
2023
 
Interest Rate Products:
 
    
    
    
   
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
  $
102,118     $
99,574     $
107,386     $
105,016  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
   
132,325      
61,922      
56      
67  
Total
  $
234,443     $
161,496     $
107,442     $
105,083  
 
Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Company is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed-rate assets and liabilities due to changes in interest rates.  Interest rate swaps 
designated as fair value hedges involve making fixed rate payments to a counterparty in exchange for the Company receiving variable rate payments over the 
life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount.  As of both December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not 
have any interest rate swaps that were designated as fair value hedges of interest rate risk. 
During 2022 and 2023, the Company terminated 10 fair value hedges of interest rate risk associated with the Company's municipal bond securities.  For 
the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 the Company reclassified $6.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively, from AOCI to Interest income in connection 
with these terminated hedges.  The unrealized gain on the terminated fair value hedges remaining in AOCI was $50.4 million net of tax, and $55.0 million net of 
tax, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.  The hedging adjustments will be amortized through the contractual maturity date of each respective 
hedged item.
For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item 
attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in Interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Company’s objective in using interest rate derivatives is to manage its exposure to interest rate movements.  To accomplish this objective, the 
Company primarily uses interest rate swaps, floors, and floor spreads as part of its interest rate risk management strategy.  Interest rate swaps designated as cash 
flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the 
agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.  As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had two interest rate swaps that were 
designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk associated with the Company’s variable-rate subordinated debentures issued by Marquette Capital Trusts III 
and IV.  These swaps had an aggregate notional amount of $51.5 million at both December 31, 2024 and 2023.  

129
Interest rate floors designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty if interest rates fall below the strike 
rate on the contract in exchange for an upfront premium.  Interest rate floor spreads designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts 
from a counterparty if interest rates fall below the purchased floor rate on the contract in exchange for an upfront premium, and involve payment of variable-rate 
amounts to the counterparty if interest rates fall below the sold floor rate on the contract. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had 13 interest rate floors and 
floor spreads with an aggregate notional amount of $3.0 billion that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk.  As of December 31, 2023, the 
Company had three interest rate floors and floor spreads with an aggregate notional amount of $1.0 billion that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest 
rate risk.  
In 2020, the Company terminated an interest rate floor designated as a cash flow hedge.  As of December 31, 2024 there was no gross unrealized gain on 
the terminated interest rate floor remaining in AOCI.  As of December 31, 2023, the gross unrealized gain on the terminated interest rate floor remaining in 
AOCI was $2.7 million, or $2.0 million net of tax.  The unrealized gain was reclassified into Interest income as the underlying forecasted transactions impact 
earnings through the original maturity of the hedged forecasted transactions. 
For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in AOCI and is 
subsequently reclassified into interest expense and interest income in the period during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.  Amounts 
reported in AOCI related to interest rate swap derivatives will be reclassified to Interest expense as interest payments are received or paid on the Company’s 
hedged items.  Amounts reported in AOCI related to interest rate floor and floor spread derivatives will be reclassified to Interest income as interest payments 
are received or paid on the Company’s items.  The Company expects to reclassify $0.8 million from AOCI as a reduction to Interest expense and $9.4 million 
from AOCI as a reduction to Interest income during the next 12 months.  As of December 31, 2024, the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability in 
future cash flows for forecasted transactions over a maximum period of 11.7 years.
Non-designated Hedges 
The remainder of the Company’s derivatives are not designated in qualifying hedging relationships.  Derivatives not designated as hedges are not 
speculative and result from a service the Company provides to certain customers.  The Company executes interest rate swaps with commercial banking 
customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies.  Those interest rate swaps are simultaneously offset by interest rate swaps that the Company 
executes with a third party, such that the Company minimizes its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions.  As the interest rate swaps associated with 
this program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized 
directly in earnings.  The changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized in Other noninterest expense in the 
Consolidated Statements of Income.  As of December 31, 2024, the Company had 298 interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $5.5 billion 
related to this program.  As of December 31, 2023, the Company had 258 interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $4.3 billion.  
Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
This table provides a summary of the amount of gain or loss recognized in Interest income and Other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements 
of Income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 related to the Company’s derivative assets and liabilities (in thousands):
 
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
Interest Rate Products
 
    
    
   
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
  $
74     $
(69 )   $
423  
Total
  $
74     $
(69 )   $
423  
Interest Rate Products
 
    
    
   
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
    
    
   
Fair value adjustments on derivatives
  $
—     $
904     $
72,539  
Fair value adjustments on hedged items
   
—      
(902 )    
(72,047 )
Total
  $
—     $
2     $
492  

130
These tables provide a summary of the effect of hedges on AOCI in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 
31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 related to the Company’s derivative assets and liabilities (in thousands):
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
 
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
 
(Loss) Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI on 
Derivative
   
(Loss) Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI 
Included 
Component
   
Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI 
Excluded 
Component
   
Gain 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings    
Gain 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings 
Included 
Component
   
Loss 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings 
Excluded 
Component
 
Interest rate floors and floor spreads
  $
(44,268 )   $
(70,323 )   $
26,055     $
539     $
3,857     $
(3,318 )
Interest rate swaps
   
3,738      
3,738      
—      
1,417      
1,417      
—  
Total
  $
(40,530 )   $
(66,585 )   $
26,055     $
1,956     $
5,274     $
(3,318 )
 
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
 
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
 
Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI on 
Derivative
   
Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI 
Included 
Component
   
Loss 
Recognized 
in OCI 
Excluded 
Component
   
Gain 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings    
Gain 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings 
Included 
Component
   
Loss 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings 
Excluded 
Component
 
Interest rate floors and floor spreads
  $
14,123     $
24,826     $
(10,703 )   $
4,605     $
6,948     $
(2,343 )
Interest rate swaps
   
892      
892      
—      
1,312      
1,312      
—  
Total
  $
15,015     $
25,718     $
(10,703 )   $
5,917     $
8,260     $
(2,343 )
 
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022
 
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
 
Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI on 
Derivative
   
Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI 
Included 
Component
   
Gain 
Recognized 
in OCI 
Excluded 
Component
   
Gain (Loss) 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings    
Gain (Loss) 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings 
Included 
Component
   
Loss 
Reclassified 
from AOCI 
into Earnings 
Excluded 
Component
 
Interest rate floor
  $
—     $
—     $
—     $
4,998     $
7,248     $
(2,250 )
Interest rate swaps
   
12,608      
12,608      
—      
(502 )    
(502 )    
—  
Total
  $
12,608     $
12,608     $
—     $
4,496     $
6,746     $
(2,250 )
Credit-risk-related Contingent Features 
The Company has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision that if the Company defaults on any of its 
indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default 
on its derivative obligations.
The Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with certain of its derivative counterparties. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had not 
posted any collateral as there were no derivatives in a net liability position. If the Company had breached any of these provisions at December 31, 2024, it could 
have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at the termination value.
18. DISCLOSURES ABOUT FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2024 
and 2023 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value. 
Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the Company has the ability to 
access.  Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either 
directly or indirectly.  Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are 
observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at 

131
commonly quoted intervals.  Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity 
for the asset or liability.  In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the hierarchy.  In such cases, the fair value is 
determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.  
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2024 Using
 
Description
 
December 31,
2024
   
Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2)
   
Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3)
 
Assets
 
    
    
    
   
U.S. Treasury
  $
1,620     $
1,620     $
—     $
—  
U.S. Agencies
   
8,369      
—      
8,369      
—  
Mortgage-backed
   
—      
—      
—      
—  
State and political subdivisions
   
11,469      
—      
11,469      
—  
Corporates
   
6,935      
6,935      
—      
—  
Trading – other
   
140      
140      
—      
—  
Trading securities
   
28,533      
8,695      
19,838      
—  
U.S. Treasury
   
1,326,073      
1,326,073      
—      
—  
U.S. Agencies
   
129,047      
—      
129,047      
—  
Mortgage-backed
   
4,420,930      
—      
4,420,930      
—  
State and political subdivisions
   
1,218,569      
—      
1,218,569      
—  
Corporates
   
317,170      
317,170      
—      
—  
Collateralized loan obligations
   
362,545      
—      
362,545      
—  
Securities available for sale
   
7,774,334      
1,643,243      
6,131,091      
—  
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values
   
11,596      
11,596      
—      
—  
Company-owned life insurance
   
79,388      
—      
79,388      
—  
Bank-owned life insurance
   
540,452      
—      
540,452      
—  
Derivatives
   
234,443      
—      
234,443      
—  
Total
  $
8,668,746     $
1,663,534     $
7,005,212     $
—  
Liabilities
 
    
    
    
   
Derivatives
  $
107,442     $
—     $
107,442     $
—  
Securities sold not yet purchased
   
7,100      
—      
7,100      
—  
Total
  $
114,542     $
—     $
114,542     $
—  

132
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2023 Using
 
Description
 
December 31,
2023
   
Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2)
   
Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3)
 
Assets
 
     
     
     
   
U.S. Treasury
  $
881     $
881     $
—     $
—  
U.S. Agencies
   
—      
—      
—      
—  
Mortgage-backed
   
1,738      
—      
1,738      
—  
State and political subdivisions
   
13,482      
—      
13,482      
—  
Corporates
   
1,974      
1,974      
—      
—  
Trading – other
   
18      
18      
—      
—  
Trading securities
   
18,093      
2,873      
15,220      
—  
U.S. Treasury
   
1,298,742      
1,298,742      
—      
—  
U.S. Agencies
   
159,721      
—      
159,721      
—  
Mortgage-backed
   
3,620,785      
—      
3,620,785      
—  
State and political subdivisions
   
1,286,975      
—      
1,286,975      
—  
Corporates
   
351,275      
351,275      
—      
—  
Collateralized loan obligations
   
351,115      
—      
351,115      
—  
Securities available for sale
   
7,068,613      
1,650,017      
5,418,596      
—  
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values
   
11,228      
11,228      
—      
—  
Company-owned life insurance
   
69,727      
—      
69,727      
—  
Bank-owned life insurance
   
523,960      
—      
523,960      
—  
Derivatives
   
161,496      
—      
161,496      
—  
Total
  $
7,853,117     $
1,664,118     $
6,188,999     $
—  
Liabilities
 
     
     
     
   
Derivatives
  $
105,083     $
—     $
105,083     $
—  
Securities sold not yet purchased
   
8,018      
—      
8,018      
—  
Total
  $
113,101     $
—     $
113,101     $
—  
Valuation methods for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments measured on a recurring basis:
Trading Securities Fair values for trading securities (including financial futures), are based on quoted market prices where available.  If quoted market 
prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices for similar securities.
Securities Available for Sale Fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes, if available.  If a quoted market price is not available, fair 
value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities.  Prices are provided by third-party pricing services and are based on observable market 
inputs. On an annual basis, the Company compares a sample of these prices to other independent sources for the same securities. Additionally, throughout the 
year, if securities are sold, comparisons are made between the pricing services prices and the market prices at which the securities were sold.  Variances are 
analyzed, and, if appropriate, additional research is conducted with the third-party pricing services. Based on this research, the pricing services may affirm or 
revise their quoted price. No significant adjustments have been made to the prices provided by the pricing services. The pricing services also provide 
documentation on an ongoing basis that includes reference data, inputs and methodology by asset class, which is reviewed to ensure that security placement 
within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate.
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values Fair values are based on quoted market prices.
Company-owned Life Insurance Fair value is equal to the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies.  
Bank-owned Life Insurance Fair value is equal to the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies.

133
Derivatives Fair values are determined using valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows from each 
derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including 
interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates, and implied volatilities. The Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own 
nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements.  In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts 
for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, 
thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.
Securities sold not yet purchased Fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes, if available. If a quoted market price is not available, 
fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities. Prices are provided by third-party pricing services and are based on observable market 
inputs.
Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): 
 
 
 
   
Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2024 Using
 
Description
 
December 31,
2024
   
Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets 
for Identical 
Assets (Level 1)
   
Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2)
   
Significant 
Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3)
   
Total Losses 
Recognized During 
the Twelve Months 
Ended December 31  
Collateral dependent assets
  $
2,405     $
—     $
—     $
2,405     $
(256 )
Other real estate owned
   
—      
—      
—      
—      
—  
Other repossessed assets
   
26,779      
—      
—      
26,779      
—  
Total
  $
29,184     $
—     $
—     $
29,184     $
(256 )
 
   
   
Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2023 Using
 
Description
 
December 31,
2023
   
Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets 
for Identical 
Assets (Level 1)
   
Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2)
   
Significant 
Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3)
   
Total Gains 
Recognized During 
the Twelve Months 
Ended December 31  
Collateral dependent assets
  $
2,796     $
—     $
—     $
2,796     $
141  
Other real estate owned
   
1,738      
—      
—      
1,738      
66  
Total
  $
4,534     $
—     $
—     $
4,534     $
207  
Valuation methods for instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis 
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments measured on a non-recurring basis:
Collateral Dependent Assets Collateral dependent assets are assets evaluated as part of the ACL on an individual basis.  Those assets for which there is 
an associated allowance are considered financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.  Adjustments are recorded on certain assets to reflect 
write-downs that are based on the external appraised value of the underlying collateral.  The external appraisals are generally based on recent sales of 
comparable properties which are then adjusted for the unique characteristics of the property being valued.  In the case of non-real estate collateral, reliance is 
placed on a variety of sources, including external estimates of value and judgments based on the experience and expertise of internal specialists within the 
Company’s property management group and the Company’s credit department. The valuation of collateral dependent assets and impaired loans are reviewed on 
a quarterly basis.  Because many of these inputs are not observable, the measurements are classified as Level 3.  
Other real estate owned and Other repossessed assets Other real estate owned and other repossessed assets consist of loan collateral which has been 
repossessed through foreclosure. This collateral is comprised of commercial and residential real estate and other non-real estate property, including auto, 
recreational and marine 

134
vehicles. Other real estate owned and other repossessed assets are recorded as held for sale initially at the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs.  
The initial valuation of the foreclosed property is obtained through an appraisal process similar to the process described in the collateral dependent/impaired 
loans paragraph above. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are reviewed quarterly and updated periodically, and the assets may be marked down further, 
reflecting a new cost basis. Fair value measurements may be based upon appraisals, third-party price opinions, or internally developed pricing methods and 
those measurements are classified as Level 3.
Fair value disclosures require disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial 
liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis.
The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2024 Using
 
 
 
Carrying 
Amount
   
Quoted Prices 
in Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets (Level 
1)
   
Significant 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs (Level 
2)
   
Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 
3)
   
Total 
Estimated Fair 
Value
 
FINANCIAL ASSETS
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
Cash and short-term investments
  $
9,104,445     $
8,559,445     $
545,000     $
—     $
9,104,445  
Securities available for sale
   
7,774,334      
1,643,243      
6,131,091      
—      
7,774,334  
Securities held to maturity (exclusive of allowance for credit 
losses)
   
5,378,912      
—      
4,748,938      
—      
4,748,938  
Trading securities
   
28,533      
8,695      
19,838      
—      
28,533  
Other securities
   
471,018      
11,596      
459,422      
—      
471,018  
Loans (exclusive of allowance for credit losses)
   
25,645,057      
—      
25,665,211      
—      
25,665,211  
Derivatives
   
234,443      
—      
234,443      
—      
234,443  
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
 
    
    
    
    
   
Demand and savings deposits
   
41,014,362      
41,014,362      
—      
—      
41,014,362  
Time deposits
   
2,127,667      
—      
2,127,667      
—      
2,127,667  
Other borrowings
   
2,609,715      
70,405      
2,539,310      
—      
2,609,715  
Long-term debt
   
385,292      
—      
417,217      
—      
417,217  
Derivatives
   
107,442      
—      
107,442      
—      
107,442  
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
 
    
    
    
    
   
Commitments to extend credit for loans
 
    
    
    
      
12,515  
Commitments to extend resell agreements
 
    
    
    
      
292  
Commercial letters of credit
 
    
    
    
      
135  
Standby letters of credit
 
    
    
    
      
4,375  

135
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2023 Using
 
 
 
Carrying 
Amount
   
Quoted Prices 
in Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets (Level 
1)
   
Significant 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs (Level 
2)
   
Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 
3)
   
Total 
Estimated Fair 
Value
 
FINANCIAL ASSETS
   
     
     
     
     
 
Cash and short-term investments
  $
5,852,347     $
5,612,003     $
240,344     $
—     $
5,852,347  
Securities available for sale
   
7,068,613      
1,650,017      
5,418,596      
—      
7,068,613  
Securities held to maturity (exclusive of allowance for credit 
losses)
   
5,691,868      
—      
5,183,367      
—      
5,183,367  
Trading securities
   
18,093      
2,873      
15,220      
—      
18,093  
Other securities
   
492,935      
11,228      
481,707      
—      
492,935  
Loans (exclusive of allowance for credit losses)
   
23,176,904      
—      
22,969,788      
—      
22,969,788  
Derivatives
   
161,496      
—      
161,496      
—      
161,496  
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
 
    
    
    
      
 
Demand and savings deposits
   
32,719,268      
32,719,268      
—      
—      
32,719,268  
Time deposits
   
3,073,591      
—      
3,073,591      
—      
3,073,591  
Other borrowings
   
3,919,644      
13,813      
3,905,831      
—      
3,919,644  
Long-term debt
   
383,247      
—      
413,896      
—      
413,896  
Derivatives
   
105,083      
—      
105,083      
—      
105,083  
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
 
    
    
    
    
   
Commitments to extend credit for loans
 
    
    
    
      
11,523  
Commitments to extend resell agreements
 
    
    
    
      
208  
Commercial letters of credit
 
    
    
    
      
138  
Standby letters of credit
 
    
    
    
      
4,047  
Cash and short-term investments The carrying amounts of cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and resell agreements are reasonable estimates 
of their fair values.
Securities held to maturity For U.S. Agency and mortgage-backed securities, as well as general obligation bonds in the State and political subdivision 
portfolio, fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes, if available.  If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using 
quoted market prices for similar securities.  Prices are provided by third-party pricing services and are based on observable market inputs. On an annual basis, 
the Company compares a sample of these prices to other independent sources for the same securities. Variances are analyzed, and, if appropriate, additional 
research is conducted with the third-party pricing services. Based on this research, the pricing services may affirm or revise their quoted price. No significant 
adjustments have been made to the prices provided by the pricing services. The pricing services also provide documentation on an ongoing basis that includes 
reference data, inputs and methodology by asset class, which is reviewed to ensure that security placement within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate.  For 
private placement bonds in the State and political subdivision portfolio, fair values are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current market rates.
Other securities Amount consists of FRB and FHLB stock held by the Company, equity securities with readily determinable fair values, and equity 
securities without readily determinable fair values, including equity-method investments and other miscellaneous investments.  The carrying amount of the FRB 
and FHLB stock equals its fair value because the shares can only be redeemed by the FRB and FHLB at their carrying amount.  Equity securities with readily 
determinable fair values are measured at fair value using quoted market prices.  Equity securities without readily determinable fair values are carried at cost, 
which approximates fair value.  
Loans Fair values are estimated for portfolios with similar financial characteristics.  Loans are segregated by type, such as commercial, real estate, 
consumer, and credit card.  Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and variable interest rate categories.  The fair value of loans is estimated by 
discounting the future cash flows. The 

136
discount rates used are estimated using comparable market rates for similar types of instruments adjusted to be commensurate with the credit risk, overhead 
costs, and optionality of such instruments.
Demand and savings deposits The fair value of demand deposits and savings accounts was the amount payable on demand at period-end.  
Time deposits The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates that are currently 
offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
Other borrowings The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, repurchase agreements and other short-term debt are reasonable estimates of their 
fair value because of the short-term nature of their maturities. Federal funds purchased are classified as Level 1 based on availability of quoted market prices 
and repurchase agreements and other short-term debt are classified as Level 2.
Long-term debt Rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate fair value of 
existing debt.
Other off-balance sheet instruments The fair value of loan commitments and letters of credit are determined based on the fees currently charged to 
enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreement and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties.  Neither the fees 
earned during the year on these instruments nor their fair value at period-end are significant to the Company’s consolidated financial position.
19. PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands)
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
 
ASSETS
 
    
   
Investment in subsidiaries:
 
    
   
Banks
  $
3,462,767     $
3,123,373  
Non-banks
   
188,605      
173,725  
Total investment in subsidiaries
   
3,651,372      
3,297,098  
Goodwill on purchased affiliates
   
5,011      
5,011  
Cash
   
123,091      
109,352  
Investment securities and other
   
151,094      
138,721  
Total assets
  $
3,930,568     $
3,550,182  
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
    
   
Long-term debt
  $
385,292     $
383,247  
Accrued expenses and other
   
78,735      
66,516  
Total liabilities
   
464,027      
449,763  
Shareholders' equity
   
3,466,541      
3,100,419  
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $
3,930,568     $
3,550,182  

137
STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
INCOME
 
    
    
   
Dividends and income received from subsidiaries
  $
108,500     $
88,500     $
57,000  
Service fees from subsidiaries
   
77,906      
66,450      
74,472  
Other
   
9,928      
13,268      
55,988  
Total income
   
196,334      
168,218      
187,460  
EXPENSE
 
    
    
   
Salaries and employee benefits
   
75,433      
67,015      
60,094  
Other
   
59,974      
43,418      
35,943  
Total expense
   
135,407      
110,433      
96,037  
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
   
60,927      
57,785      
91,423  
Income tax (benefit) expense
   
(8,179 )    
(9,165 )    
10,958  
Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
   
69,106      
66,950      
80,465  
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries:
 
    
    
   
Banks
   
357,257      
291,473      
344,567  
Non-Banks
   
14,880      
(8,399 )    
6,650  
Net income
  $
441,243     $
350,024     $
431,682  
Other comprehensive (loss) income
   
(16,115 )    
145,800      
(829,049 )
Comprehensive income (loss)
  $
425,128     $
495,824     $
(397,367 )

138
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands)
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2024
   
2023
   
2022
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
    
    
   
Net income
  $
441,243     $
350,024     $
431,682  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
 
    
    
   
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
   
(480,637 )    
(371,574 )    
(408,217 )
Dividends received from subsidiaries
   
108,500      
88,500      
57,000  
Depreciation and amortization
   
14      
18      
12  
Amortization of debt issuance costs
   
876      
876      
556  
Equity based compensation
   
22,579      
18,694      
21,491  
Changes in other assets and liabilities, net
   
471      
(32,493 )    
12,522  
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
93,046      
54,045      
115,046  
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
    
    
   
Net capital investment in subsidiaries
   
2,319      
(3,570 )    
(207,575 )
Net (increase) decrease in investment securities
   
(33 )    
(30 )    
40,235  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
   
2,286      
(3,600 )    
(167,340 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
    
    
   
Cash dividends paid
   
(77,127 )    
(74,245 )    
(72,030 )
Proceeds from long-term debt
   
—      
—      
110,000  
Payment of debt issuance costs
   
—      
—      
(2,129 )
Payment of common stock issuance costs
   
(1,413 )    
—      
—  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and sales of treasury stock
   
4,685      
2,461      
2,136  
Purchases of treasury stock
   
(7,738 )    
(8,367 )    
(31,997 )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
   
(81,593 )    
(80,151 )    
5,980  
Net increase (decrease) in cash
   
13,739      
(29,706 )    
(46,314 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
109,352      
139,058      
185,372  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $
123,091     $
109,352     $
139,058  
20. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On January 31, 2025, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of Heartland Financial USA, Inc., a Delaware corporation (HTLF), in an all-
stock transaction, issuing a total of 23.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock and 4.6 million depositary shares, each representing a 1/400th interest 
in a share of the Company’s 7.00% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A (the Company’s preferred stock). Pursuant to the 
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 28, 2024, (i) HTLF merged with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving 
corporation and (ii) one day after the closing date of the acquisition of HTLF by the Company, HTLF’s wholly owned bank subsidiary, a Colorado-chartered 
non-member bank (HTLF Bank), merged with and into UMB Bank, National Association, the Company’s national bank subsidiary (the Bank), with the Bank 
continuing as the surviving bank.
Total consideration for the acquisition was $2.9 billion, consisting of the Company’s common stock valued at $2.8 billion (based on the Company’s 
common stock price of $117.90) and the Company’s preferred stock valued at $115.2 million (based on the Company’s closing preferred stock price of $25.05). 
Each HTLF common stock share was converted into 0.55 shares of the Company’s common stock. Each HTLF preferred stock share was converted into a share 
of the Company’s preferred stock. Acquisition-related costs of $15.8 million for the year ending December 31, 2024 were recognized primarily in Legal and 
consulting expense line of the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.
The acquisition of HTLF will be accounted for as a business combination using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 
805, Business Combinations, which requires assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. The valuation of 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been finalized. Any necessary adjustments from preliminary estimates will be 

139
finalized within one year from the date of acquisition. Measurement period adjustments will be recorded in the period in which they are determined, as if they 
had been completed at the acquisition date. Due to the timing of the acquisition, the Company has performed limited valuation procedures, and the valuation of 
all assets acquired and liabilities assumed is not yet complete.

140
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures  At the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer 
and Chief Financial Officer have each evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “Disclosure Controls and Procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the 
Exchange Act) and have concluded that the Company’s Disclosure Controls and Procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K.  
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining 
adequate “internal control over financial reporting,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act.  Under the supervision and 
with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, and effected by the Board, 
management and other personnel, an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting was conducted based on the criteria established 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission's Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013).  
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements.  Also, projections of any 
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  In addition, given the Company’s size, operations and footprint, lapses or deficiencies in internal 
controls may occur from time to time.
Based on the evaluation under the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013), management (with the participation of the Company’s 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) under the oversight of the Board of Directors, has concluded that internal control over financial reporting 
was effective at the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  KPMG LLP, Kansas City, Missouri, (U.S. PCAOB Auditor Firm ID: 185), 
the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the financial statements included within this report, has issued an attestation report on the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting at the end of the period covered by this report.  KPMG LLP's attestation report is set forth below.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  No change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the last 
quarter of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting.

141
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors 
UMB Financial Corporation:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited UMB Financial Corporation and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In 
our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance 
sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ 
equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial 
statements), and our report dated February 27, 2025 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of 
internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility 
is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the 
PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial 
reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and 
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over 
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of 
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of 
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance 
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Kansas City, Missouri
February 27, 2025

142
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None. 
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
None.

143
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this item relating to executive officers is included in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption 
"Executive Officers of the Registrant."
The information required by this item regarding Directors is incorporated herein by reference to information to be included under the caption "Proposal 
#1:  Election of Directors" of the Company's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on April 29, 2025 (the 2025 Annual Meeting 
of Shareholders), which will be provided to shareholders within 120 days after December 31, 2024.
The information required by this item regarding the Audit Committee and the Audit Committee financial experts is incorporated herein by reference to 
information to be included under the caption "Corporate Governance – Committees of the Board of Directors – Audit Committee" of the Company's Proxy 
Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be provided to shareholders within 120 days after December 31, 2024.
The information required by this item concerning Section 16(a) beneficial ownership reporting compliance is incorporated herein by reference to 
information to be included under the caption "Stock Ownership – Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" of the Company's Proxy 
Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be provided to shareholders within 120 days after December 31, 2024.
The Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees, including its chief executive officer, chief financial 
officer and chief accounting officer.  You can find the Company's code of ethics on its website by going to the following address:  
http://investorrelations.umb.com.  Information on the Company’s website is not incorporated by reference into this report and should not be considered part of 
this document.  The Company will post on its website any amendments or waivers to its code of ethics that are required to be disclosed under the rules of either 
the SEC or NASDAQ.  A copy of the code of ethics will be provided, at no charge, to any person requesting the same, by written notice sent to the Company's 
Corporate Secretary, 6th floor, 1010 Grand Blvd., Kansas City, Missouri 64106.
The Company has adopted an insider trading policy (the Insider Trading Policy) applicable to our officers, directors, employees, certain other persons 
and entities, as well as activities of the Company, that the Company believes is reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules, and 
regulations, and the Nasdaq listing standards. The foregoing summary of the Insider Trading Policy is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference 
to the Insider Trading Policy attached hereto as Exhibit 19.1. 
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to information to be included under the Executive Compensation sections of 
the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be provided to shareholders within 120 days after December 31, 
2024.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of 
Shareholders to information to be included under the caption "Stock Ownership - Principal Shareholders," which will be provided to shareholders within 120 
days after December 31, 2024.  
Security Ownership of Management
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of 
Shareholders, which will be provided to shareholders within 120 days after December 31, 2024, under the caption "Stock Ownership – Stock Owned by 
Directors, Nominees, and Executive Officers." 

144
The following table summarizes shares authorized for issuance under the Company’s equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2024:
Plan Category
 
Number of securities 
to be issued upon 
exercise of outstanding 
options, warrants and 
rights 
(a)
   
Weighted average 
exercise price of 
outstanding options, 
warrants and rights
(b)
   
Number of securities 
remaining available for 
future issuance under 
equity compensation 
plans (excluding securities 
reflected in column (a))
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
 
    
    
   
2005 Long Term Incentive Plan
   
30,214     $
63.87    
None  
2018 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan
 
None   
None     
2,654,281  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
 
None   
None   
None  
Total
   
30,214     $
63.87      
2,654,281  
For additional information concerning the Company’s equity compensation plans, see Note 11, “Employee Benefits,” in the Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements provided in Item 8 of this report.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the information to be provided under the captions “Corporate Governance – 
Transactions with Related Persons”, “Corporate Governance – The Board of Directors – Independent Directors” and “Corporate Governance – Committees of 
the Board of Directors” of the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be provided to shareholders within 120 
days after December 31, 2024.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the information to be provided under the caption "Proposal #3: Ratification 
of the Corporate Audit Committee’s Engagement of KPMG LLP as UMB’s Independent Public Accounting Firm for 2025” of the Company's Proxy Statement 
for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be provided to shareholders within 120 days after December 31, 2024.

145
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
The following Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company are included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2024
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2024
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2024
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2024
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the parent company only may be found in Item 8 above. All other schedules have been omitted 
because the required information is presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements or in the notes thereto, the amounts involved are not significant or the 
required subject matter is not applicable.
Exhibits
The following Exhibit Index lists the Exhibits to Form 10-K:
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 28, 2024, by and among Heartland Financial USA, Inc., UMB Financial Corporation and Blue 
Sky Merger Sub Inc. (incorporated by reference to Annex A to the joint proxy statement/prospectus forming a part of the registration statement 
on Form S-4 and filed with the Commission on July 2, 2024).
3.1
Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter 
ended March 31, 2006 and filed with the Commission on May 9, 2006).
3.2
Amendment of Articles of Incorporation, dated as of January 31, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Current 
Report on Form 8-K dated January 31, 2025 and filed with the Commission on February 3, 2025).
3.3
Bylaws, amended as of April 13, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 13, 
2023 and filed with the Commission on April 13, 2023). 
3.4
Certificate of Designation for the UMB Preferred Stock, dated as of January 31, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Company's 
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 31, 2025 and filed with the Commission on February 3, 2025).
4.1
Description of the capital stock included in the Registration Statement on Form 8-A (incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on 
Form 8-A dated May 1, 2018 and filed with the Commission on May 1, 2018).
4.2
Description of the capital stock included in the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on 
Form S-3 ASR dated August 17, 2022 and filed with the Commission on August 17, 2022).  
4.3
Description of UMB Financial Corporation’s Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Form 10-K for December 
31, 2019 and filed with the Commission on February 27, 2020).
4.4
Indenture, dated as of September 17, 2020, by and between UMB Financial Corporation and Wells Fargo, National Association (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 17, 2020 and filed with the Commission on September 
22, 2020).
4.5
Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 17, 2020, by and between UMB Financial Corporation and Wells Fargo, National Association, 
as Trustee, with respect to the 3.700% Fixed-to-Fixed Rate 

146
 
Subordinated Notes due 2030 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 17, 
2020 and filed with the Commission on September 22, 2020).
4.6
Form of 3.700% Fixed-to-Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes due 2030 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K dated September 17, 2020 and filed with the Commission on September 22, 2020).
4.7
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2022, by and between UMB Financial Corporation and Wells Fargo, National 
Association, as Trustee, with respect to the 6.250% Fixed-to-Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes due 2032 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 
of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 28, 2022 and filed with the Commission on September 28, 2022).
4.8
Form of 6.250% Fixed-to-Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes due 2032 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K dated September 28, 2022 and filed with the Commission on September 28, 2022).
4.9
Form of 7.00% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, par value $0.01 per share (incorporated by reference to 
the Registration Statement on Form 8-A dated January 28, 2025 and filed with the Commission on January 28, 2025).
4.10
Form of Deposit Agreement among UMB Financial Corporation, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., Computershare, Inc. and the holders 
from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the joint proxy statement/prospectus 
forming a part of the registration statement on Form S-4 and filed with the Commission on July 2, 2024).
4.11
Form of Depositary Receipt representing Depositary Shares (included in Exhibit 4.10 hereto).
10.1
UMB Financial Corporation Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan amended and restated as of April 23, 2013 (incorporated by reference to 
Appendix A of the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Company’s April 23, 2013 Annual Meeting filed with the Commission on March 13, 
2013).
10.2
Deferred Compensation Plan, dated as of December 1, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 10-K for 
December 31, 2017 and filed with the Commission on February 22, 2018).
10.3
UMBF 2005 Short-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Form 10-K for December 31, 2004 and 
filed with the Commission on March 14, 2005).
10.4
Performance Share Unit Award Agreement for the UMB Financial Corporation Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 8, 2018 and filed with the Commission on June 14, 2018).
10.5
Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement for the UMB Financial Corporation Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Form 10-K for December 31, 2022 and filed with the Commission on February 23, 2023).
10.6
Form of 2016 Stock Option Award Agreement for the UMB Financial Corporation Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 2, 2016).
10.7
UMBF Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Company’s 
April 24, 2018 Annual Meeting filed with the Commission on March 13, 2018).
10.8
Performance Share Unit Award Agreement with Shannon A. Johnson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2022 and filed with the Commission on July 29, 2022).
10.9
Forward Sale Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2024, between UMB Financial Corporation and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 29, 2024 and filed with the Commission on April 29, 
2024).
10.10
Additional Forward Sale Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2024, between UMB Financial Corporation and Bank of America, N.A. (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 1, 2024 and filed with the Commission on May 1, 2024).
19.1
Insider Trading Policy filed herewith.

147
21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant filed herewith.
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – KPMG LLP filed herewith.
24.1
Power of Attorney filed herewith.
31.1
CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act filed herewith.
31.2
CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act filed herewith.
32.1
CEO Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act filed herewith.
32.2
CFO Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act filed herewith.
97.1
Compensation Recovery Policy filed herewith.
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the 
Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbases Document filed herewith.
104
The cover page of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, formatted in iXBRL.
In accordance with Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K, copies of certain instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the Company or its 
subsidiaries are not filed herewith. We hereby agree to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the Commission upon request.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.

148
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf 
by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, as of February 27, 2025.
 
 
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
 
   
 
 
/s/ J. Mariner Kemper
 
 
J. Mariner Kemper
 
 
Chairman of the Board,
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
   
 
 
/s/ Ram Shankar
 
 
Ram Shankar
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
   
 
 
/s/ David C. Odgers
 
 
David C. Odgers
 
 
Chief Accounting Officer
Date: February 27, 2025
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and 
in the capacities on the date indicated.
/s/ Robin C. Beery
Director
/s/ Leroy J. Williams
Director
Robin C. Beery
Leroy J. Williams
 
 
 
 
/s/ Janine A. Davidson
Director
/s/ Kevin C. Gallagher
Director
Janine A. Davidson
 
Kevin C. Gallagher
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Greg M. Graves
Director
/s/ Gordon E. Lansford III
Director
Greg M. Graves
Gordon E. Lansford III
 
 
 
 
/s/ Timothy R. Murphy
Director
/s/ Tamara M. Peterman
Director
Timothy R. Murphy
Tamara M. Peterman
 
 
 
 
/s/ Kris A. Robbins
Director
/s/ L. Joshua Sosland
Director
Kris A. Robbins
L. Joshua Sosland
 
 
 
 
/s/ J. Mariner Kemper
Director, Chairman of the Board, Chief 
Executive Officer
 
Director
J. Mariner Kemper
Bradley J. Henderson*
Attorney-in-Fact for each director
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
Director
Jennifer K. Hopkins*
Margaret Lazo*
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
Director
Susan G. Murphy*
John K. Schmidt*
*Directors Henderson, Hopkins, Lazo, Murphy and Schmidt joined the board of UMB Financial Corporation on January 31, 2025.

Exhibit 19.1
 
POLICY ON INSIDER TRADING
1.
Policy Statement
This Policy applies to all officers of UMB Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries (“UMB” or the “Company”), all members of the Company's Board of 
Directors and all employees of the Company. The Company may also determine that other persons should be subject to this Policy, such as contractors or 
consultants who have access to material nonpublic information. This Policy also applies to family members, other members of a person’s household and entities 
controlled by a person covered by this Policy, as described below.  All such covered persons are collectively referred to as “Insiders.” Insiders who are in 
possession of material non-public information concerning UMB are prohibited from: 
•
Engaging in transactions, directly or indirectly, in any securities of UMB;
•
Recommending transactions in any securities of UMB; and/or
•
Disclosing the material nonpublic information to persons at UMB whose jobs do not require them to have the information, or outside of UMB to 
other persons, unless any such disclosure is made in accordance with UMB’s Policy on Fair Disclosure.
In addition, Insiders are prohibited from trading in securities of any other company with which UMB does or may do business (such as customers, suppliers, or 
acquisition candidates) if the Insider, in the course of such Insider’s employment or engagement with UMB, gained or is in possession of material nonpublic 
information about such other company.
In addition, the Company shall comply with applicable laws and regulations when transacting in UMB securities for its own benefit.  
There are no exceptions to this Policy, except as specifically noted in the section “Designated Exceptions.” Transactions that may be necessary or justifiable for 
independent reasons (such as the need to raise money for an emergency expenditure), or small transactions, are not excepted from this Policy. The securities 
laws do not recognize any mitigating circumstances, and, in any event, even the appearance of an improper transaction must be avoided to preserve the 
Company's reputation for adhering to the highest standards of conduct.
2.
References – Industry Authoritative Sources
The Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (as amended)
SEC Rule 10b5-1
UMB’s Policy on Fair Disclosure 
3.
Objectives
The purpose of this Policy is to describe the standards and procedures that govern the trading of securities of UMB and other companies while in possession of 
material nonpublic information. 
To further the business and risk management objectives of UMB, this Policy establishes a number of standards and procedures that go beyond the requirements 
of the applicable law.  As a result, this Policy may not be read or construed as a recitation of applicable law.  For clarity, this Policy shall not be interpreted as to 
allow activities that are contrary to applicable law.

4.
Scope
This Policy applies to all transactions by Insiders involving UMB’s securities, including common stock, options and any other securities that UMB may issue, 
such as preferred stock, notes, bonds and convertible securities, as well as to derivative securities relating to any of UMB’s securities, whether or not issued by 
UMB.
This Policy also applies to transactions by Insiders involving securities of any company with which UMB does or may do business if the Insider, in the course 
of such Insider’s employment or engagement with the Company, gained or is in possession of material nonpublic information about such company.
5.
Definitions
In this Policy, the following definitions apply:
The term “Cooling-off Period” means: (a) with respect to a Covered Person, the later of (i) 90 days after the adoption or modification of the Plan in question or 
(ii) two business days following the filing of the Form 10-Q or Form 10-K for the fiscal quarter in which the Plan was adopted or modified; provided however, 
that in no event shall the required cooling-off period exceed 120 days following adoption or modification of the Plan, and (b) with respect to any other Insider, 
thirty (30) days.  
The term “Covered Person” means any director or executive officer of UMB who is required to report transactions in UMB securities pursuant to Section 16(a) 
and Rule 16a-1 of the Exchange Act.
The term “Exchange Act” means the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
The term “Insider” is defined in Section 1 of this Policy.
The term “material,” when used in connection with information, means that a substantial likelihood exists that (a) a reasonable investor would consider the 
information important in making an investment decision or (b) the information would be viewed by a reasonable investor as having significantly altered the total 
mix of information made available. 
The term “nonpublic,” when used in connection with information, means that the information has not been disseminated in a manner making it available to 
investors generally.
•
To be made public, information must be disseminated in a manner calculated to reach the securities marketplace in general through recognized 
channels of distribution, such as a Current Report on Form 8-K that is filed or furnished through the SEC or a press release that is widely 
disseminated, and investors are afforded a reasonable waiting period to react to the information.
The term “Plan” means a written plan, contract, instruction, or arrangement under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act.
The term “Policy” means this Policy on Insider Trading.
The term “SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
The term “UMB securities,” in the singular or the plural, includes UMB common stock or any other type of securities that UMB many issue (including 
preferred stock), as well as derivative securities that are not issued by UMB, such as exchange-traded put or call options or swaps relating to the securities of 
UMB.
The term “UMB” is defined in Section 1 of this Policy.
The term “UMBFC” means UMB Financial Corporation.
Unless otherwise expressly specified, any reference to an officer by title is to the officer(s) of UMBFC with that title.

6.
Roles and Responsibilities
Questions about this Policy, including its interpretation, must be submitted to the Corporate Legal Department.  The Corporate Legal Department will resolve 
each question in consultation with applicable Insiders of UMB.
7.
Policy Requirements
General Policy on Insider Trading
(a)
No Insider may, directly or indirectly, engage or offer to engage in any transaction in UMB securities while in possession of material nonpublic 
information about UMB.
(b)
Subject to UMB’s Policy on Fair Disclosure, no Insider may communicate material nonpublic information about UMB to any other person, including 
family members and friends, or otherwise disclose such information without UMB’s authorization. 
(c)
No Insider may engage or offer to engage in any transactions in any security of any other company with which UMB does or may do business while in 
possession of material nonpublic information about that company that was obtained in the course of such Insider’s employment or engagement with UMB.  No 
Insider who knows of any such material nonpublic information about any other company with which UMB does or may do business may communicate that 
information to, or tip, any other person, including family members or friends.
(d)
Covered Persons must “pre-clear” all transactions in UMB securities in accordance with the procedures set forth below.
Blackout Periods
(a)
Quarterly Blackout Periods
All Covered Persons and certain other Insiders who, in the judgment of management, regularly come in contact with material nonpublic information 
affecting UMB’s quarterly or annual earnings are prohibited from trading in Company securities during a period beginning on the 15th day of the 
month ending the fiscal quarter (March, June, September, and December) through two full trading days following the quarterly announcement of 
earnings information.  All persons subject to the quarterly trading blackout period will be notified prior to the blackout; provided, however, that in no 
event shall failure to provide such notification excuse any Insider’s obligation to comply with known blackouts, other portions of this Policy, and any 
and all laws applicable to transactions by Insiders.
(b)
Special Blackout Periods
From time to time, UMB may impose special blackout periods when other types of material nonpublic information regarding UMB or a company 
with which UMB does or may do business may be pending (such as mergers, acquisitions or dispositions, or regulatory events).  While such 
information is pending, Insiders may be prohibited from trading in UMB securities, and/or the securities of the company, as applicable.  If UMB 
imposes a special blackout period, it will notify the Insiders affected.  Event-specific blackout periods will not be announced to the Company as a 
whole, and should not be communicated to any other person.
Rule 10B5-1 Plans
The blackout trading restrictions do not apply to transactions under a Plan that:
(i)         has been reviewed and approved sufficiently in advance of any trades thereunder by the Corporate Secretary or Assistant Corporate 
Secretary of UMB Financial Corporation;
(ii)
provides that no trades may occur thereunder until expiration of the applicable Cooling-off Period, which Cooling-off Period shall apply 
for any adoption, revision or modification of the Plan;
(iii)
was entered into in good faith by the Insider and not as part of a plan or scheme to evade the prohibitions of Rule 10b5-1, at a time when 
the Insider was not in possession of material 

nonpublic information about UMB, and in the case of a Covered Person, includes representations by the Covered Person certifying 
compliance with the requirements of SEC Rule 10b5-1(c)(ii)(C);
(iv)
(a) specifies the amount of securities to be purchased or sold and the price at which and the date on which the securities are to be 
purchased or sold; (b) includes a written formula or algorithm, or computer program, for determining the amount of securities to be 
purchased or sold and the price at which and the date on which the securities are to be purchased or sold; or (c) does not permit the person 
to exercise any subsequent influence over how, when, or whether to effect purchases or sales, provided that any other person who, 
pursuant to the Plan does exercise such influence must not have been aware of any material nonpublic information about UMB when doing 
so; 
(v)
complies with the “single plan” requirement of SEC Rule 10b5-1; 
(vi)
is not adopted during a blackout period; 
(vii)
requires the party entering into the Plan to act in good faith and to further confirm that the Plan is not being entered into as a part of a plan 
or scheme to evade compliance with federal and state securities laws, including but not limited to Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and 
SEC Rule 10b5-1, as applicable; and
(viii) 
otherwise complies with the requirements of SEC Rule 10b5-1.
Any Insider having a Plan in effect for the sale of UMB securities may not sell UMB securities outside of the Plan, even if no blackout period is currently in 
effect, except for the Designated Exceptions. This includes Plans that have been documented but for which the Cooling-off Period is being observed.
Designated Exceptions
The trading restrictions of this Policy do not apply to any of the following (the “Designated Exceptions”): 
(i) the exercise of UMB stock options using (a) a cash purchase, (b) the delivery of already-owned shares of shares of common shares to pay the option 
cost, taxes and fees (a swap), or (c) the sale of a minimum number shares acquired through the exercise to pay the option cost, taxes and fees (cashless hold); 
(ii) investing 401(k) plan contributions in a UMB stock fund in accordance with the terms of the UMB 401(k) plan (provided, however, that any changes 
in the Insider’s investment election regarding UMB’s stock are subject to other terms of this Policy);
(iii) 
purchasing UMB shares through periodic, automatic payroll contributions to any UMB employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) (provided, 
however, that electing to enroll in the ESPP, making any changes in the Insider’s elections under the ESPP and selling any UMB stock acquired under the ESPP 
are subject to other terms of this Policy); and
(iv) transactions made pursuant to a Plan in accordance with SEC Rule 10b5-1, as discussed in Section “Rule 10b5-1 Plans.” 
Bona fide gifts of securities are not transactions subject to this Policy; provided that the Insider shall not recommend any transactions in securities gifted during 
a blackout period. 
Preclearance of Trades
Covered Persons are required to pre-clear any transaction in UMB securities with the UMBFC Corporate Secretary or Assistant Corporate Secretary.  Covered 
Persons are also required to pre-clear transactions in UMB securities made by family members who reside with the Covered Person and entities that are 
controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Covered Person (such as corporations, partnerships and trusts).  This requirement applies to all proposed transactions, 
including, for example:
•
Purchases and sales in the open market
•
Gifts

•
Fund switching or reallocation transactions into or out of the UMB Stock Fund in the UMB 401(k) Savings Plan; and
•
Electing to enroll in, making any changes to elections under, or selling any stock acquired under the ESPP.
Trading by UMB in UMB Securities 
UMB itself shall comply with U.S. securities laws and regulations applicable to its own securities and trading activities, including with respect to the adoption 
of securities repurchase plans.
8.
Compliance
Any Insider who reasonably believes that this Policy may have been violated must report the matter as required by the UMB Financial Corporation Code of 
Ethics (Reporting Illegal and Unethical Behavior).  UMB prohibits retaliation against any person who has made a good faith report or complaint of illegal or 
unethical conduct.
9.
Policy Enforcement
Suspected or known violations must be reported to the Corporate Legal Department. Any violation of this Policy may give rise to a claim for damages or other 
legal or equitable remedies, including criminal charges, and may constitute grounds for termination of employment or other disciplinary action by UMB (in the 
case of a person who is an employee) or termination or modification of agreements or other arrangements with UMB (in the case of a person who is not an 
employee).
10.
Exceptions
There shall be no exceptions to this Policy.
11.
Related Resources
Section 16 Policy

Exhibit 21.1
 
SUBSIDIARIES OF UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
December 31, 2024
 
Name of Entity Organization
 
Incorporation or Jurisdiction 
of
 
Parent Ownership Percentage
 
UMB Financial Corporation (Registrant and Parent Company)
 
Missouri  
   
UMB Bank, n.a.
 
United States  
 
100 %
UMB Bank & Trust, n.a.
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
UMB Capital Corporation
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
UMB Banc Leasing Corporation
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
UMB Trust Company of South Dakota
 
South Dakota  
 
100 %
UMB Insurance, Inc.
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
Kansas City Realty Company
 
Kansas  
 
100 %
UMB Realty Company, LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
Kansas City Financial Corporation
 
Kansas  
 
100 %
UMB Colorado Property, LLC
 
Colorado  
 
100 %
Conifer Properties LLC
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
Meridian AZ Properties, LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
SB&T Assets, LLC
 
Texas  
 
100 %
UMB Foreign LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
UMBF Trust and Agency Services (Ireland) Limited
 
Dublin, Ireland  
 
100 %
UMB Delaware, Inc.
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
1268 South Jones Spring Lane, LLC
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
UMBCDC, Inc.
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
UMB Fund Services, Inc.
 
Wisconsin  
 
100 %
UMB Financial Services, Inc.
 
Missouri  
 
100 %
UMB Asset Management, LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
UMB Family Wealth GP 1, LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
FW Motif LP
 
Delaware  
UMB Family Wealth GP 1, LLC is the general 
partner  
UMB Management Equity Holdings, Inc.
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
UMB Merchant LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
UMB Family Wealth - KS Halite LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
UMB Family Wealth - FW Tessera Horizon LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
FW Tessera Horizon LLC
 
Delaware  
UMB Family Wealth - FW Tessera Horizon LLC is 
the managing member  
UMB Family Wealth - FW Tessera LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
FW Tessera LLC
 
Delaware  
UMB Family Wealth - FW Tessera LLC is the 
managing member  
UMB Family Wealth - FW Tessera Royale LLC
 
Delaware  
 
100 %
FW Tessera Royale LLC
 
Delaware  
UMB Family Wealth - FW Tessera Royale LLC is 
the managing member  
Blue Sky Merger Sub Inc.
 
Delaware  
 
100 %

Exhibit 23.1
 
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 333-230787 and 333-266941) on Form S-3 and (Nos. 333-
65807, 333-125067, 333-161398, 333-181111, 333-188100, 333-224585, 333-283713, and 333-284660) on Form S-8 of our reports dated 
February 27, 2025, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of UMB Financial Corporation and the effectiveness of internal control 
over financial reporting.
 
/s/ KPMG LLP
 
Kansas City, Missouri
February 27, 2025

                                                                                                                       Exhibit 24.1
 
SIGNATURES
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report 
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
UMB FINANCIAL CORPORATION
 
 
 
By  /s/ J. Mariner Kemper
Date February 27, 2025
 
J. Mariner Kemper
Chairman of the Board
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY
 
Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints J. Mariner Kemper and Ram Shankar his true and lawful 
attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for and in his name, place and 
stead, in any and all capacities, to file this report the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto such attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, full power and 
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing required and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all 
intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that such attorneys-in-fact and agents, 
each acting alone, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on 
behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
 
     Signature and Name
Capacity
Date
 
 
 
/s/ Robin C. Beery
Director
1/28/2025
Robin C. Beery
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Janine A. Davidson
Director
1/28/2025
Janine A. Davidson
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Kevin C. Gallagher
Director
1/28/2025
Kevin C. Gallagher
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

     Signature and Name
Capacity
Date
/s/ Greg M. Graves
Director
1/28/2025
Greg M. Graves
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ J. Mariner Kemper
Director, Chief Executive Officer
1/28/2025
J. Mariner Kemper
Chairman of the Board
 
 
 
 
/s/ Gordon E. Lansford III
Director
1/28/2025
Gordon E. Lansford III
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Timothy R. Murphy
Director
1/28/2025
Timothy R. Murphy
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Tamara M. Peterman
Director
1/28/2025
Tamara M. Peterman
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Kris A. Robbins
Director
1/28/2025
Kris A. Robbins
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Ram Shankar
Chief Financial Officer
1/28/2025
Ram Shankar
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ L. Joshua Sosland
Director
1/28/2025
L. Joshua Sosland
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Leroy J. Williams
Director
1/28/2025
Leroy J. Williams
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
Bradley J. Henderson
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
Jennifer K. Hopkins
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
Margaret Lazo
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
Susan G. Murphy
 
 
 
 
 
 
Director
 
John K. Schmidt
 
 

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT
I, J. Mariner Kemper, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of UMB Financial Corporation;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the 
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the 
registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to 
ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, 
particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our 
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the 
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent 
fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to 
the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably 
likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting.
 
Date: February 27, 2025
 
 
 
 
 
    /s/ J. Mariner Kemper
 
 
J. Mariner Kemper
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
 

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT
I, Ram Shankar, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of UMB Financial Corporation;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the 
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the 
registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to 
ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, 
particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our 
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the 
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent 
fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to 
the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably 
likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting.
 
Date: February 27, 2025
 
 
 
 
 
   /s/ Ram Shankar
 
 
Ram Shankar
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 

Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT 
OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of UMB Financial Corporation (the Company) for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), I, J. Mariner Kemper, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify, 
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 
2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the 
Company.
 
Dated:  February 27, 2025
 
 
 
 
 
    /s/ J. Mariner Kemper
 
 
J. Mariner Kemper
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to UMB Financial Corporation and will be retained by UMB 
Financial Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT 
OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of UMB Financial Corporation (the Company) for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), I, Ram Shankar, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify, 
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and 
2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the 
Company.
 
Dated:  February 27, 2025
 
 
 
 
 
    /s/ Ram Shankar
 
 
Ram Shankar
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to UMB Financial Corporation and will be retained by UMB 
Financial Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Exhibit 97.1
 
COMPENSATION RECOVERY POLICY
1.
Policy Overview
The Board of Directors (the “Board”) of UMB Financial Corporation (the “Company”) believes that it is in the best interest of the Company and its 
shareholders to create and maintain a culture that emphasizes integrity and accountability and reinforces the Company’s pay-for-performance compensation 
philosophy.  This Compensation Recovery Policy (this “Policy”) provides for the mandatory recoupment of “erroneously awarded” (defined below) Incentive-
Based Compensation (defined below) to Executive Officers (defined below) in the event that the Company is required to prepare an “accounting restatement” 
due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under applicable securities laws, including any required accounting 
restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or that would result in a 
material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period.  This Policy also provides for the discretionary 
recoupment of Incentive-Based Compensation from employees who engaged in misconduct that led to a material error in a Financial Reporting Measure 
(defined below) leading to erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation.
2.
Scope
The Board of the Company adopts this Policy to address the mandatory recoupment of certain Incentive-Based Compensation (defined below) in the event of an 
accounting restatement. The Policy is designed to comply with Section 10D-1 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), 
and Rule 5608 of the NASDAQ listing standards and is made in accordance with the provisions of the Compensation Committee’s charter.   This Policy also 
addresses the discretionary recoupment of Incentive-Based Compensation from employees who engage in any illegal, dishonest, fraudulent, or intentional 
misconduct that materially contributes to the Company erroneously awarding Incentive-Based Compensation.  The Policy supersedes and replaces in its entirety 
any prior or existing policies adopted by the Company with respect to the clawback of incentive-based compensation payable to an individual covered by this 
Policy. Any determinations made by the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Compensation Committee”) relating to this Policy shall be binding on 
all individuals. 
3.
Definitions
The term “Executive Officer” means any individual identified as an officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 16a-1 of the Exchange Act during the relevant 
recovery period.
 
The term “Incentive-Based Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned, or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a 
Financial Reporting Measure.  For the Company, Incentive-Based Competition may include, but is not limited to:
 
•
Bonuses under any Company Short-Term Incentive Compensation Program (or any equivalent successor plan or program) 
•
Performance Shares
•
Performance Units
•
Stock Options
•
Cash Incentive Awards under the UMB Financial Corporation Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan
 
Incentive-Based Compensation is deemed “Received” in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive-
Based Compensation award is attained, even if the payment or grant of the Incentive-Based Compensation occurs after the end of that period.
 
The term “Financial Reporting Measures” refers to measures that are determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing 
the Company’s financial statements, and any measures that are derived in whole or in part from such measures.  A Financial Reporting Measure need not be 
presented within the financial statements of the Company or included in a filing made by the Company with the Securities and Exchange 

Commission.  Financial Reporting Measures include, but are not limited to:
 
•
Company stock price
•
Total shareholder return (TSR)
•
Revenue
•
Net income
•
Pre-provision net revenue
•
Return measures such as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and return on average tangible common equity (ROTCE)
•
Earnings measures such as earnings per share
4.
Policy Requirements
Mandatory Recoupment of Erroneously Awarded Incentive-Based Compensation
 
In the event the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement, the Company will require reimbursement or forfeiture of any erroneously awarded 
Incentive-Based Compensation Received by any Executive Officer during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date on which the 
Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement.
 
The compensation that is subject to mandatory recoupment under this Policy is erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation that is Received by an 
Executive Officer: 
a.
after such person began service as an Executive Officer; 
b.
who served as an Executive Officer at any time during the performance period for such Incentive-Based Compensation (for the avoidance of doubt, 
this includes both current and former Executive Officers); 
c.
while the Company has a class of securities listed on Nasdaq (or such other national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are then 
listed); and 
d.
during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date that the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement. 
The Company’s obligation to recover erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation is not dependent on if or when the restated financial statements are 
filed.
 
Discretionary Recoupment 
 
The Compensation Committee may, in its discretion, require reimbursement or forfeiture of any or all Incentive-Based Compensation from any individual who 
is identified by the Compensation Committee to have engaged in any illegal, dishonest, fraudulent, or intentional misconduct that materially contributed to the 
Company erroneously awarding Incentive-Based Compensation during any portion of the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the discovery of 
the illegal, dishonest, fraudulent, or intentional misconduct irrespective of whether an accounting restatement is required.
 
Determination of Recovery Period
 
For purposes of determining the relevant recovery period for any mandatory recoupment, the date that the Company is required to prepare an accounting 
restatement shall be the earlier to occur of:
 
a.
The date the Board, a committee of the Board, or the officer or officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, 
concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement; or
b.
The date a court, regulator, or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare the accounting restatement. 
Amount Subject to Mandatory Recoupment
The amount to be recovered (“erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation”) will be the amount of 

Incentive-Based Compensation Received by the Executive Officer that exceeds the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation that otherwise would have been 
Received had it been determined based on the restated amounts computed without regard to any taxes paid, as determined by the Compensation Committee.  If 
the erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation is based on a measurement that is not subject to a mathematical recalculation directly from the 
information in the accounting restatement (i.e., stock price or total shareholder return), the amount must be based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the 
accounting restatement on the stock price or total shareholder return upon which the Incentive-Based Compensation was Received, and the Company must 
maintain documentation of the determination of the reasonable estimate and provide such documentation to Nasdaq.
 
Amount Subject to Discretionary Recoupment
 
The Compensation Committee shall determine the amount of discretionary recoupment up to the full amount of any Incentive-Based Compensation received by 
an individual during a period where the individual was found to have engaged in any illegal, dishonest, fraudulent, or intentional misconduct that had a material 
impact on causing the Company to erroneously award Incentive-Based Compensation.
 
Method of Recoupment; Reasonably Promptly
 
The Company shall in the case of mandatory recoupment, or may in the case of discretionary recoupment, recover “reasonably promptly” any erroneously 
awarded Incentive-Based Compensation in accordance with this Policy in a method determined by the Compensation Committee which may include, without 
limitation:
 
a.
Requiring reimbursement of cash Incentive-Based Compensation previously paid;
b.
Seeking recovery of any gain realized on the vesting, exercise, settlement, sale, transfer, or other distribution of equity awards;
c.
Offsetting the recouped amount from any compensation otherwise owed by the Company to the individual(s);
d.
Cancelling outstanding vested or unvested equity awards; and/or
e.
Taking any other remedial and recovery action permitted by law, as determined by the Compensation Committee.
 
The Compensation Committee shall determine the repayment schedule for each amount of erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation in a manner that 
complies with the “reasonably promptly” requirement.  Such determination shall be made consistent with any applicable legal guidance, by the SEC, Nasdaq, 
judicial opinion, or otherwise.  The determination of what constitutes “reasonably promptly” may vary from case to case and will depend on the particular facts 
and circumstances applicable to the Company, the accounting restatement and the erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation, among other factors. 
The Compensation Committee is authorized to adopt additional rules to further describe what repayment schedules satisfy this requirement.
 
In the case of mandatory recoupment, the Compensation Committee may determine that the recovery of erroneously awarded compensation would be 
impracticable if:
 
a.
The direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing this Policy would exceed the amount to be recovered. Before concluding that it would be 
impracticable to recover erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation based on expense of enforcement, the Company shall make a 
reasonable attempt to recover such erroneously awarded Incentive-Based Compensation, document such reasonable attempt(s) to recover, and 
provide documentation to Nasdaq.
b.
Recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to 
fail to meet the requirements of 26 U.S.C. 401(a)(13) or 26 U.S.C. 411(a) and regulations thereunder.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that a court, regulator, or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare an accounting restatement, 
the Committee may direct the Company to postpone the recovery of any Incentive-Based Compensation: (a) if the Company undertakes any legal challenge to 
such direction to prepare an accounting restatement; and (b) for only such time as it takes for the process to complete such legal challenge is 

underway.
 
No Indemnification
 
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any other policy or governing document of the Company or any agreement between the Company and an Executive 
Officer or an employee, the Company shall not indemnify or reimburse any Executive Officer or employee against the loss of any erroneously awarded 
Incentive-Based Compensation.
Agreement to the Policy by Executive Officers
 
The Compensation Committee will take reasonable steps to inform Executive Officers and employees of this Policy.  Executive Officers should read this Policy 
carefully and ask questions of the Company’s Chief Legal Officer.
5.
Roles and Responsibilities
The Compensation Committee shall administer and interpret this Policy, make any required determinations under this Policy and amend this Policy as it deems 
appropriate at any time.  The Compensation Committee shall also consider any guidelines, directives and authorizations provided to the Compensation 
Committee by the Board from time to time in the course of administering this Policy.  Decisions of the Compensation Committee with respect to this Policy 
shall be final, conclusive, and binding on all individuals subject to this Policy, unless determined to be an abuse of discretion or determined to be unenforceable 
by the SEC or NASDAQ.
6.
Exceptions
There shall be no exceptions to this Policy.
7.
Legal Authority and References
Rule 10D-1 of the Exchange Act 
Rule 5608 of the NASDAQ listing standards
Charter of the Compensation Committee