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Universal Technical Institute

uti · NYSE Consumer Defensive
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Employees 1001-5000
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FY2013 Annual Report · Universal Technical Institute
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AVONDALE, ARIZONA

RANCHO CUCAMONGA, CALIFORNIA

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA

ORLANDO, FLORIDA

LISLE, ILLINOIS

NORWOOD, MASSACHUSETTS

MOORESVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA

EXTON, PENNSYLVANIA

DALLAS/FT. WORTH, TEXAS

HOUSTON, TEXAS

PHOENIX, ARIZONA

ORLANDO, FLORIDA

ORLANDO, FLORIDA

MOORESVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA

UTI.edu

Ready.

2013 Annual Report

About Universal Technical Institute, Inc.
Headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona, Universal Technical Institute, Inc. (NYSE: UTI) 
is the leading provider of post-secondary education for students seeking careers as 
professional automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians. 
With more than 170,000 graduates in its 48-year history, UTI offers undergraduate 
degree and diploma programs at 11 campuses across the United States, as well as 
manufacturer-specific training programs at dedicated training centers. Through its 
campus-based school system, UTI provides specialized post-secondary education 
programs under the banner of several well-known brands, including Universal Technical 
Institute (UTI), Motorcycle Mechanics Institute and Marine Mechanics Institute (MMI) 
and NASCAR Technical Institute (NASCAR Tech). For more information visit www.uti.edu.

Shareholder Information

Board of Directors

Corporate Officers

John C. White

Director

Kimberly J. McWaters

Chairman of the Board 

Former Chairman of the Board,

and Chief Executive Officer

Institute, Inc.

Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

Requests for 

Investor Information

Universal Technical 

Investor Relations

Eugene S. Putnam, Jr.

16220 North Scottsdale Road

Suite 100

Scottsdale, Arizona 85254

(623) 445-9500

The Company will furnish a 

copy of the 2013 Annual 

Report on Form 10-K without 

charge upon a written 

request to the address 

above. In addition, the 

electronic version of the 

Annual Report can be found 

at www.uti.edu, under the 

captions Investors—Financial 

Information—Annual Reports.

UTI has submitted the requisite 

certification regarding its 

corporate governance listing 

standards to the New York 

Stock Exchange.

Common Stock

Traded on the New York 

Stock Exchange under 

the symbol UTI

Transfer Agent

Computershare

P.O. Box 30170

College Station, TX 77845-3170

Independent Accountants

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

1850 North Central Avenue

Suite 700

Phoenix, Arizona 85004

Kimberly J. McWaters

Director

Chairman of the Board 

and Chief Executive Officer,

President and Chief

Financial Officer

Kenneth J. Cranston

Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

Senior Vice President

Conrad A. Conrad

Lead Director

Former Executive Vice President

of Admissions

Chad A. Freed

General Counsel,

and Chief Financial Officer,

Senior Vice President 

The Dial Corporation

of Business Development 

David A. Blaszkiewicz

Director

President,

Invest Detroit and

Chief Executive Officer,

Downtown Detroit Partnership

Alan E. Cabito

Director

and Secretary

Bryce H. Peterson

Senior Vice President of 

Information Technology

Sherrell E. Smith

Senior Vice President

of Operations

Former Group Vice President,

Sales Administration,

Rhonda R. Turner

Senior Vice President

Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

of People Services

Dr. Roderick R. Paige

Director

Former United States

Secretary of Education

Roger S. Penske

Director

Chairman of the Board and 

Chief Executive Officer,

Penske Auto Group, Inc.

Linda J. Srere

Director

Former President,

Young and Rubicam Advertising

Kenneth R. Trammell

Director

Chief Financial Officer,

Tenneco Inc.

INSIDE FRONT COVER

To our shareholders: 
2013 was a pivotal year for Universal Technical Institute. 
In the face of lingering economic and regulatory challenges, 
we controlled costs, drove efficiency and boosted the quality 
and reach of our educational programs. We strengthened our 
industry relationships. We built our business to recruit and 
train more students and we put more graduates to work.

UTI has gained important ground in 2013. We are ready for 
the real challenges our industry continues to face and we 
are ready to capitalize on the opportunities in front of us.

Growing demand
With more cars and trucks on 
the road, impending retirement 
for an aging workforce and 
continued advancements in the 
technology that keeps America 
moving, demand for skilled  
technicians is growing.

According to the U.S. Bureau of 
Labor Statistics, the nation will 
need 1.3 million trained workers 
in the automotive, diesel, collision  
repair and motorcycle and marine 
industries by 2018, and, on average,  
we’ll see more than 48,000 job 
openings a year in the fields we 
serve. Already, our manufacturer 
partners and employers are 
telling us there are not enough 
skilled technicians for the jobs 
they have.

Secure, good-paying technical jobs 
play a crucial role in rebuilding the 
middle class. They allow families 
and communities to prosper,  
and they provide fuel for the 
American dream. But they also 
require specific instruction in 
complex and changing technologies  
and options for students who 
may not need, want or have 
access to an associate or 
bachelor’s degree. 

At UTI, we are ready to provide 
the kind of training skilled  
technicians need, and we are 
pursuing a clear strategy to meet 
the transportation industry’s 
growing demand and to help our 
students achieve their goals.

Average total
students: 
15,000

New students:
15,000

Revenues:
$380.3million

Net income:
$3.8million

Earnings per 
diluted share: 
$0.15

“ThiswasPorsche’smostsuccessfulyearever,andweexpectthosenumbers
toincreaseincomingyears.Withmoretechnicianpositionsthanwecanfill
andaretiringworkforce,UTI’sPorscheTechnologyApprenticeshipProgram
graduatesareinstrongandincreasingdemand.”

— Christopher D. Gilman, Porsche Cars North America

Strengthening our unmatched  
industry relationships
In 2013, we continued to solidify our broad 
and deep relationships with original equipment  
manufacturers. We expanded our relationships 
with existing partners, adding new,  
manufacturer-funded courses to train students 
in the specific, high-tech skills dealers  
require. And, we forged new relationships 
with strong brands such as General Motors 
and Peterbilt.

These valuable relationships are an important 
source of our competitive strength. They let 
us match our training with employers’ specific 
needs and requirements, and they provide 
outstanding opportunities for our students.

Getting more students ready to work
As employers’ needs continue to grow,  
we are relentlessly focused on recruiting, 
training and identifying good job opportunities 
for more students.

We transformed the front end of our business 
during 2013, using media optimization and 
predictive modeling to drive cost-effective 
inquiries from potential students most likely 
to start school. These changes are producing 
results. The quality of inquiries improved 
throughout the year, applications grew  
3.8 percent and advertising expense was 
down more than 12 percent.

UTI’s admissions team gives us a strong 
presence with high school students and  
the military, while our active participation  
in STEM initiatives places us squarely in 
front of thousands of educators across the 
country. We have trained more than 1,000 
teachers in STEM, which promotes science, 
technology, engineering and math to high 

school students, and are partnering with 
NASCAR to provide workshops that use  
actual race footage to build student interest 
in STEM courses.

In 2014, we’ll roll out new processes and 
tools to make our admissions representatives 
more efficient and help them better engage 
students from the first inquiry to the first  
day of class.

Improving value and affordability
As pleased as we are by the positive changes 
in our business, we believe affordability 
continues to be a real obstacle for today’s 
students, who have less money to invest in 
education, a heightened aversion to debt  
and fewer financing options.

Our challenge—and our goal—is to put a UTI 
education within reach for more students.

That starts with giving students an excellent 
return on their investment, with training  
that increases their opportunities and their 
earning potential.

“Thedemandformediumandheavy
trucktechniciansisnowashighas
ithaseverbeen.Withtheconstant
changeinemissionstechnologyand
complexityofelectroniccontrols,
dealershavebeenforcedtolook
formoretechnicianswithadvanced
skillsets.TheprogramsatUTI
preparestudentstomeetthese
growingchallenges.”
—JohnH.Koenig,Navistar

*

In 2013, we completed the roll out of our 
state-of-the-industry automotive and diesel 
curriculum, which combines instructor-led, 
hands-on training with interactive, web-based 
learning, at our Avondale, Arizona campus. 
We plan to offer the curriculum at additional 
UTI campuses, beginning with our Sacramento, 
California campus in 2014.

To make this valuable training more accessible, 
we now grant more than $12 million a year 
in scholarships, with the goal of supporting 
students who otherwise could not come  
to school.

Finally, we continue to align our cost structure 
with our current student population, which 
makes us more efficient and gives us flexibility 
to improve value and affordability.

While we feel good about the work we did  
in 2013, there is much more to do. As we 
look to the future, we will continue to focus 
on making our education more valuable,  
affordable and accessible.

Developing our people
No matter what their role in the organization, 
each of our 2,200 employees is focused on 
delivering strong outcomes for students who 
meet the needs of our industry customers.

From the day they enroll to the day they 
graduate, we support students with tuition 
financing options, educational and career 
counseling, opportunities for part-time work, 
housing assistance and, ultimately, graduation 
and employment.

As industry increasingly turns to UTI for  
technicians who are ready to work, our graduate  
employment rate grew to 85 percent.*

“AsapartnerwithUTIforover25years,
welooktoUTItoprovidequality
personneltoSuzukidealerships.
TheirMotorcycleTechnologyProgram
andelectiveprograms,suchas
FactoryAuthorizedSuzukiTraining,
giveSuzukidealersqualifiedservice
technicians,andtheirdepthof
technicalknowledgeandstudent
placementservicesaresecondtonone.”
—DougMcIntyre,SuzukiMotorofAmerica,Inc.

Ready
We are encouraged by the progress UTI 
made in 2013 and by the attractive demand 
dynamics in our industry. But we are also 
clear-eyed about the future, the challenges 
we will face and the work we must do to 
deliver results.

When it comes to navigating the tough road 
ahead, UTI is ready.

Our model is sound and the need for trained 
technicians is growing. Our strategy is 
beginning to take hold. Our people remain 
deeply committed to our purpose, and we are  
leveraging their commitment and creativity  
to change students’ lives, to supply our  
industry’s growing demand, and to support 
the kinds of jobs that let middle-income  
families, and America, thrive.

John C. White 
Former Chairman of the Board

Kim McWaters 
Chairman of the Board  
and Chief Executive Officer

*Approximately11,400ofthe12,200UTIgraduatesin2012wereavailableforemployment.Atthetimeofreporting,approximately9,600

ofthoseavailablewereemployedwithinoneyearoftheirgraduationdates,foratotalof85%.

Form 10-K

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

U. S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 _____________________________________________

Form 10-K 

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE 

ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2013 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

 _____________________________________________

Commission File Number 1-31923
 _____________________________________________

 UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

86-0226984
(IRS Employer Identification
No.)

16220 North Scottsdale Road, Suite 100
Scottsdale, Arizona 85254
(Address of principal executive offices)

(623) 445-9500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class:
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value

Name of each exchange on which registered:
New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the 

Securities Act. 
Yes 

    No  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 

15(d) of the Act. 
Yes 

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 
or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that 
the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 
90 days.    Yes 

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate 
Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation 
S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to submit and post such files).    Yes   

    No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 
of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive 
proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this 
Form 10-K.   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-
accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” 
and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  

    Accelerated filer  

     Non-accelerated filer  

    Smaller reporting company  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 

Act).    Yes  

    No  

At November 22, 2013, 24,643,520 shares of common stock were outstanding.  The aggregate market 
value of the shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on the last business day of the Company's 
most recently completed second fiscal quarter (March 31, 2013) was approximately $327,361,000 (based upon 
the closing price of the common stock on such date as reported by the New York Stock Exchange).  For purposes 
of this calculation, the Company has excluded the market value of all common stock beneficially owned by all 
executive officers and directors of the Company. 

Documents Incorporated by Reference

Portions of  the registrant's definitive proxy statement for the  2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders  are 

incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

 
  
 
PART I

Page

ITEM 1.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements .......................................................................................................
BUSINESS ........................................................................................................................................................
Overview ............................................................................................................................................................
Business Model ..................................................................................................................................................
Business Strategy ...............................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................

Industry Background
Schools and Programs ........................................................................................................................................
Industry Relationships .......................................................................................................................................
Student Recruitment Model ...............................................................................................................................
Student Admissions and Retention .....................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................

Enrollment

.......................................................................................................................................

Graduate Employment
Faculty and Employees ......................................................................................................................................
Competition .......................................................................................................................................................
Environmental Matters .......................................................................................................................................
Available Information ........................................................................................................................................
Regulatory Environment ....................................................................................................................................
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS ..............................................................................................................................................
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS ..........................................................................................................
PROPERTIES ..................................................................................................................................................
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS ...............................................................................................................................
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES ...................................................................................................................
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC........................................

ITEM 2.

ITEM 4.

ITEM 3.

PART II

ITEM 5.

ITEM 7.

ITEM 6.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES ...........................................................................
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA ...................................................................................................................
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................
General Overview ..............................................................................................................................................
2013 Overview ...................................................................................................................................................
Results of Operations .........................................................................................................................................
Liquidity and Capital Resources ........................................................................................................................
Contractual Obligations .....................................................................................................................................
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements .......................................................................................................................
Related Party Transactions .................................................................................................................................
Seasonality .........................................................................................................................................................
Critical Accounting Estimates ............................................................................................................................
Recent Accounting Pronouncements ..................................................................................................................
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK..............................
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.................................................................
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE ..........................................................................................................................
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES ...............................................................................................................
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION ...............................................................................................................................

ITEM 8.

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ITEM 10.

ITEM 11.

ITEM 12.

ITEM 13.

ITEM 14.

ITEM 15.

PART III
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ....................................
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION ..................................................................................................................
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS ....................................................................................................
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS, RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE...
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES................................................................................

PART IV
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES .....................................................................

Page

75

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ii

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This 2013 Form 10-K and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain forward-
looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 
27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, which include information relating to future events, future 
financial performance, strategies, expectations, competitive environment, regulation and availability of 
resources.  From time to time, we also provide forward-looking statements in other materials we release 
to the public as well as verbal forward-looking statements.  These forward-looking statements include, 
without limitation, statements regarding: proposed new programs; scheduled openings of new campuses 
and campus expansions; expectations that regulatory developments, or agency interpretations of such 
regulatory developments or other matters will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated 
financial position, results of operations  or liquidity; statements concerning projections, predictions, 
expectations,  estimates  or  forecasts  as  to  our  business,  financial  and  operational  results  and  future 
economic  performance;  and  statements  of  management’s  goals  and  objectives  and  other  similar 
expressions.  Such statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events; they do not 
relate strictly to historical or current facts.  Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” 
“predicts,”  “potential,”  “continue,”  “expects,”  “anticipates,”  “future,”  “intends,”  “plans,” 
“believes,” “estimates,” and similar expressions, as well as statements in future tense, identify forward-
looking statements. 

We cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will be realized, although we believe 
we have been prudent in our plans and assumptions.  Achievement of future results is subject to risks, 
uncertainties and potentially inaccurate assumptions.  Many events beyond our control may determine 
whether  results  we  anticipate  will  be  achieved.    Should  known  or  unknown  risks  or  uncertainties 
materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could differ materially 
from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected.  You should bear this in mind as you 
consider forward-looking statements. 

Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-
looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.  You are advised, 
however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our Form 10-Q and 8-K 
reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).  

1

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS

Overview

PART I

We  are  the  leading  provider  of  postsecondary  education  for  students  seeking  careers  as  professional 
automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians as measured by total average undergraduate 
full-time enrollment and graduates.  We offer undergraduate degree and diploma programs at 11 campuses across 
the United States under the banner of several well-known brands, including Universal Technical Institute (UTI), 
Motorcycle  Mechanics  Institute  and  Marine  Mechanics  Institute  (collectively,  MMI)  and  NASCAR Technical 
Institute (UTI/NASCAR Tech).  We also offer manufacturer specific advanced training programs, including student 
paid electives, at our campuses and manufacturer or dealer sponsored training at certain campuses and dedicated 
training centers.  We have provided technical education for 48 years.

For the year ended September 30, 2013, our average undergraduate full-time student enrollment was 

approximately 15,000.  

Business Model

We  work  closely  with  leading  original  equipment  manufacturers  (OEMs)  in  the  automotive,  diesel, 
motorcycle  and  marine  industries  to  understand  their  needs  for  qualified  service  professionals.  Through  our 
relationships with OEMs, we are able to continuously refine and expand our programs and curricula. We believe 
our industry-oriented educational philosophy and national presence have enabled us to develop valuable industry 
relationships which provide us with significant competitive strength and support our market leadership.

We  are  a  primary,  and  often  the  sole,  provider  of  manufacturer  specific  advanced  training  (MSAT) 
programs, and we have relationships with over 25 OEMs, including the following OEMs and their associated 
brands:  

American Honda Motor Co., Inc.

Mercury Marine, a division of Brunswick

BMW of North America, LLC

Corp.

BMW Motorrad of North America, LLC

Navistar International Corp.

Bombardier Produits Recreatifs (BRP) Inc.

Nissan North America, Inc.

Cummins Rocky Mountain, a subsidiary of

Peterbilt Motors Company

Cummins, Inc.

Daimler Trucks N.A.

Ford Motor Co.

General Motors Co.

Harley-Davidson Motor Co.

Porsche Cars of North America, Inc.

Suzuki Motor of America, Inc.

Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

Volvo Cars of North America, LLC

Volvo Penta of the Americas, Inc.

Kawasaki Motors Corp., U.S.A.

Yamaha Motor Corp., USA

Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC

Participating manufacturers typically assist us in the development of course content and curricula, while 
providing us with vehicles, equipment, specialty tools and parts at reduced prices or at no charge. In some instances 
they pay for students’ tuition. Our collaboration with OEMs enables us to provide highly specialized education to 
our students, resulting in enhanced employment opportunities and the potential for higher wages for our graduates. 

Our industry partners and their dealers benefit from a supply of technicians who are certified or credentialed 
by the manufacturer as graduates of the MSAT programs.  The MSAT programs offer a cost-effective alternative 
2

 
for sourcing and developing technicians for both OEMs and their dealers. These relationships also support the 
development of incremental revenue opportunities from training the OEMs’ existing employees.

In addition to the OEMs, our industry relationships also extend to after-market retailers, fleet service 
providers and enthusiast organizations.  Other target groups for relationship-building, for example parts and tools 
suppliers and enthusiast organizations, provide us with a variety of strategic and financial benefits that include 
equipment sponsorship, new product support, licensing and branding opportunities and financial sponsorship for 
our campuses and students.

Business Strategy

Our goal is to continue to be the leading provider of post-secondary education for students seeking careers 
as professional automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians and the leading supplier of 
entry-level skilled technicians for the industries we serve.  We intend to pursue the following business strategies 
to attain this goal: 

Strengthen industry relationships 

Our relationships with leading OEMs are important to our business.  We strive to understand the workforce 
needs of our existing OEM partners to provide the quantity and quality of technicians when and where they are 
needed.    We  have  a  dedicated  account  management  team  at  our  corporate  level  focused  on  managing  those 
relationships and developing new ones.  We deliver value to these OEMs by functioning as an efficient hiring 
source and low cost training option. These relationships give us direct input on the latest needs and requirements 
of employers, which not only guides our prospective student recruitment, but also strengthens our curricula and 
our students’ opportunities for employment and earnings potential after graduation. 

Recruit, train and identify employment opportunities for more students

Our student recruitment efforts are focused on three primary markets for prospective students and are 

conducted through three admissions channels:

High School: Field-based representatives develop and maintain relationships with high school guidance 

counselors and vocational instructors as well as students and parents.

Adult: Campus-based representatives serve adult career-seeking or career changing students.

Military:  Our  military  representatives  are  strategically  located  throughout  the  country  and  focus  on 

building relationships within military installations. 

Our marketing strategies are designed to align student inquiry generation with specific student segments 
and their corresponding recruiting channels.  These inquiries are generated and our brand strengthened with a 
national multi-media marketing strategy to reach prospective students.  

We continue to optimize our national and local marketing initiatives with the goals of cost-effectively 
generating  more  inquiries  from  adult  students  with  a  high  propensity  to  attend  UTI  and  targeting  certain 
demographics we have not fully penetrated. 

Additionally, we are developing and improving processes and tools to support our national network of 
admissions representatives in responding to adult inquiries, building relationships with more high schools and 
military representatives, effectively demonstrating the value of a UTI education to potential students and keeping 
students engaged as they apply for, enroll and start school.  

3

  
We regularly evaluate, update and expand our core and MSAT courses to align our training programs with 
current industry requirements. We constantly evaluate program offerings, schedules and locations that are most 
appealing to students and aligned with employer expectations.  We provide relevant services to assist students with 
tuition  financing  options,  educational  and  career  counseling,  opportunities  for  part-time  work  and  housing 
assistance  and,  ultimately,  graduate  employment.  Our  national  employment  services  team  develops  job 
opportunities and outreach, while our local employment services teams instruct active students on employment 
search and interviewing skills, facilitate employer visits to campuses, provide access to reference materials and 
assist with the composition of resumes.

Improve educational value proposition and affordability

Educational value

Our strategy is to provide students with an excellent return on their educational investment by offering 
training that is not available through other providers, is tailored to industry standards and requirements, improves 
students’ opportunities to find employment and maximize their earnings potential in a secure, growing industry.   

Our Automotive and Diesel Technology II curricula is designed around manufacturers’ needs and fulfills 
student demand for hands-on, instructor led training combined with flexible, web-based learning. We intend to 
continue integrating the new curricula and methodologies at existing campuses that offer Automotive and Diesel 
Technology programs.

We actively engage transportation industry partners in defining our core curriculum and improving and 
expanding manufacturer specific advanced training courses. These unique course offerings make our students more 
employable by giving them training that is consistent with industry needs and rapidly changing technology, and 
allows us to better meet the industry’s demand for trained technicians. 

Affordability

Increased  price  sensitivity  and  aversion  to  debt  continue  to  negatively  impact  prospective  students’ 
willingness and ability to fund an education. We are focused on making our training more affordable and accessible 
through financing options, proprietary loans, scholarships based on need and merit as well as financing tools and 
guidance for students. 

Additionally, we regularly review and revise key business processes, with the goals of eliminating costs 
and waste, driving efficiency and allowing us to continue to improve value and affordability for our students. Our 
goal is to align costs with student populations, without compromising the quality of our education. 

Industry Background

The market for qualified service technicians is large and stable.  In the most recent data available, the 
United  States  (U.S.)  Department  of  Labor  (DOL)  estimated  that  in  2010  there  were  approximately  723,400 
employed automotive technicians in the United States, and this number was expected to increase by 17.3% from 
2010 to 2020. Other 2010 estimates provided by the U.S. DOL indicate that the number of technicians in the other 
industries we serve, including diesel repair, collision repair, motorcycle repair and marine repair, are expected to 
increase by 14.5%, 18.4%, 23.3% and 20.2%, respectively. The need for technicians is due to a variety of factors, 
including technological advancement in the industries into which our graduates enter, a continued increase in the 
number of automobiles, trucks, motorcycles and boats in service and an aging and retiring workforce that generally 
requires training to keep up with technological advancements and maintain its technical competency. As a result 
of these factors, the U.S. DOL estimates that an average of approximately 48,300 new job openings will exist 
annually for new entrants from 2010 to 2020 in the fields that we serve, according to data collected.  In addition 
to the increase in demand for newly qualified technicians, manufacturers, dealer networks, transportation companies 

4

 
 
and governmental entities with large fleets are outsourcing their training functions, seeking preferred education 
providers who can offer high quality curricula and have a national presence to meet the employment and advanced 
training needs of their national dealer networks.

Schools and Programs

Through our campus-based school system, we offer specialized technical education programs under the 
banner  of  several  well-known  brands,  including  Universal  Technical  Institute  (UTI),  Motorcycle  Mechanics 
Institute and Marine Mechanics Institute (collectively, MMI) and NASCAR Technical Institute (UTI/NASCAR 
Tech).  The majority of our undergraduate programs are designed to be completed in 45 to 102 weeks and culminate 
in an associate of occupational studies degree or diploma, depending on the program and campus.  Tuition ranges 
from approximately $21,100 to $54,200 per program, depending on the nature and length of the program.  Our 
campuses are accredited and our undergraduate programs are eligible for federal student financial assistance funds 
under the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (HEA), commonly referred to as Title IV Programs, which 
are administered by the U.S. Department of Education (ED).  

Our undergraduate schools and programs are summarized in the following table:

Location
Arizona (Avondale)

Arizona (Phoenix)

California (Rancho
Cucamonga)
California (Sacramento)

Florida (Orlando)
Illinois (Lisle)1
Massachusetts (Norwood)

Brand
UTI

MMI

UTI

UTI

UTI/MMI

UTI

UTI

North Carolina (Mooresville)

UTI/NASCAR Tech

Pennsylvania (Exton)

Texas (Dallas/Ft. Worth)

Texas (Houston)

UTI

UTI

UTI

Date

Training

Commenced
1965

Principal Programs
Automotive; Diesel & Industrial

1973

1998

2005

1986

1988

2005

2002

2004

2010

1983

Motorcycle

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial;
Collision Repair and Refinishing

Automotive; Motorcycle; Marine

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial

Automotive; Automotive with
NASCAR

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial

Automotive; Diesel & Industrial;
Collision Repair and Refinishing

1We relocated from our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus and began teaching programs at our Lisle, 
Illinois campus effective November 11, 2013. 

5

Universal Technical Institute (UTI)

UTI  offers  automotive,  diesel  and  industrial,  and  collision  repair  and  refinishing  programs  that  are 
accredited by the National Automotive Technicians Education Foundation (NATEF), a division of the Institute for 
Automotive Service Excellence (ASE).  In order to apply for NATEF accreditation, a school must meet the NATEF 
curriculum requirements and also must have graduated its first class.  We offer the following programs under the 
UTI brand:

•  Automotive Technology.  Established in 1965, the Automotive Technology program is designed to 
teach students how to diagnose, service and repair automobiles.  The program ranges from 51 to 75 
weeks in duration, and tuition ranges from approximately $30,200 to $45,650.  Graduates of this 
program  are  qualified  to  work  as  entry-level  service  technicians  in  automotive  dealer  service 
departments or automotive repair facilities.

•  Diesel & Industrial Technology.  Established in 1968, the Diesel & Industrial Technology program 
is  designed  to  teach  students  how  to  diagnose,  service  and  repair  diesel  systems  and  industrial 
equipment.  The program is 45 to 60 weeks in duration and tuition ranges from approximately $28,100 
to $35,500.  Graduates of this program are qualified to work as entry-level service technicians in 
medium and heavy truck facilities, truck dealerships, or in service and repair facilities for equipment 
utilized  in  various  industrial  applications,  including  materials  handling,  construction,  transport 
refrigeration or farming.

•  Automotive/Diesel Technology.  Established in 1970, the Automotive/Diesel Technology program 
is designed to teach students how to diagnose, service and repair automobiles and diesel systems.  
The program ranges from 75 to 90 weeks in duration and tuition ranges from approximately $40,900 
to  $49,350.    Graduates  of  this  program  typically  can  work  as  entry-level  service  technicians  in 
automotive repair facilities, automotive dealer service departments, diesel engine repair facilities, 
medium and heavy truck facilities or truck dealerships. Beginning in April 2012, we discontinued 
enrollment in our legacy Automotive/Diesel Technology program, which was only available at our 
Avondale, Arizona; Houston, Texas and Glendale Heights, Illinois campuses.  New students may 
enroll  in  our  existing  Automotive  Technology  or  Automotive/Diesel  &  Industrial  Technology 
programs at those campuses.  Additionally, students who wish to complete a combined automotive 
and diesel program may enroll in our Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II program, 
which is currently offered at our Avondale, Arizona and Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas campuses.  In calendar 
year 2014, we intend to integrate the Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II curricula at 
our Sacramento, California campus and will continue to integrate the curricula at our other automotive 
campuses in future years. 

•  Automotive/Diesel  &  Industrial  Technology.    Established  in  1970,  the  Automotive/Diesel  & 
Industrial Technology program is designed to teach students how to diagnose, service and repair 
automobiles, diesel systems and industrial equipment.  The program ranges from 75 to 99 weeks in 
duration and tuition ranges from approximately $38,400 to $54,200.  Graduates of this program are 
qualified to work as entry-level service technicians in automotive repair facilities, automotive dealer 
service  departments,  diesel  engine  repair  facilities,  medium  and  heavy  truck  facilities,  truck 
dealerships, or in service and repair facilities for marine diesel engines and equipment utilized in 
various industrial applications, including materials handling, construction, transport refrigeration or 
farming.

•  Collision Repair and Refinishing Technology (CRRT).  Established in 1999, the CRRT program is 
designed to teach students how to repair non-structural and structural automobile damage as well as 
how to prepare cost estimates on all phases of repair and refinishing.  The program is 51 weeks in 

6

 
duration and tuition ranges from approximately $30,350 to $32,900.  Graduates of this program are 
qualified to work as entry-level technicians at OEM dealerships and independent repair facilities.

Motorcycle Mechanics Institute and Marine Mechanics Institute (collectively, MMI)

•  Motorcycle.  Established in 1973, the MMI motorcycle program is designed to teach students how 
to diagnose, service and repair motorcycles and all-terrain vehicles.  The program ranges from 48 to 
102 weeks in duration and tuition ranges from approximately $21,100 to $44,500.  Graduates of this 
program  are  qualified  to  work  as  entry-level  service  technicians  in  motorcycle  dealerships  and 
independent repair facilities.  MMI is supported by six major motorcycle manufacturers.  We have 
agreements relating to motorcycle elective programs with American Honda Motor Co., Inc.; BMW 
Motorrad of North America, LLC; Harley-Davidson Motor Co.; Kawasaki Motors Corp., U.S.A.; 
Suzuki Motor of America, Inc. and Yamaha Motor Corp., USA.  We have agreements for dealer 
training with American Honda Motor Co., Inc. and Harley-Davidson Motor Co.  These motorcycle 
manufacturers support us through their endorsement of our curricula content, assisting with our course 
development, providing equipment and product donations, and instructor training.  Certain of these 
agreements are verbal and may be terminated without cause by either party at any time. 

•  Marine.  Established in 1991, the MMI marine program is designed to teach students how to diagnose, 
service and repair boats.  The program is 51 weeks in duration and tuition is approximately $26,650.  
Graduates  of  this  program  are  qualified  to  work  as  entry-level  service  technicians  for  marine 
dealerships and independent repair shops, as well as for marinas, boat yards and yacht clubs.  MMI 
is supported by several marine manufacturers and we have agreements relating to marine elective 
programs with American Honda Motor Co., Inc.; Mercury Marine, a division of Brunswick Corp.; 
Suzuki Motor of America, Inc.; Volvo Penta of the Americas, Inc. and Yamaha Motor Corp., USA.  
We have agreements for dealer training with American Honda Motor Co. Inc. and Mercury Marine, 
a division of Brunswick Corp.  These marine manufacturers support us through their endorsement 
of our curricula content, assisting with course development, equipment and product donations, and 
instructor training.  Certain of these agreements are verbal and may be terminated without cause by 
either party at any time. 

NASCAR Technical Institute (UTI/NASCAR Tech)

Established  in  2002,  UTI/NASCAR  Tech  offers  the  same  type  of  automotive  training  as  other  UTI 
locations, along with additional NASCAR-specific elective courses.  In the NASCAR-specific elective courses, 
students have the opportunity to learn first-hand with NASCAR engines and equipment and to acquire specific 
skills required for entry-level positions in automotive and racing-related career opportunities.  The programs range 
from  48  to  78  weeks  in  duration  and  tuition  ranges  from  $31,350  to  $44,900.    Graduates  of  the Automotive 
Technology program and the Automotive Technology with NASCAR (the NASCAR program) at UTI/NASCAR 
Tech are qualified to work as entry-level service technicians in automotive repair facilities or automotive dealer 
service departments.  Graduates from the NASCAR program have additional opportunities to work in racing-
related industries.  In 2012 and 2011, approximately 15% and 21%, respectively, of the graduates from the NASCAR 
program have found employment opportunities to work in racing-related industries.  Additionally, approximately 
68% and 66%, respectively, of the 2012 and 2011 graduates from all programs at UTI/NASCAR Tech are working 
in the automotive service sector. See "Business - Graduate Employment" included elsewhere in this Report on 
Form 10-K for further information on our employment rates.

Manufacturer Specific Advanced Training (MSAT) Programs 

We offer advanced training programs in the form of student-paid MSAT courses which may be added to 
a student’s core Automotive, Diesel or Motorcycle undergraduate program, and in the form of manufacturer-paid 
post-graduate MSAT programs.  

7

The  student-paid  MSATs  are  offered  at  our  campus  locations  and  are  supported  by Title  IV  funding.  

Additionally, qualifying student graduates have the opportunity to apply for enrollment in one of our manufacturer-
paid MSAT programs.  The manufacturer-paid MSATs are paid for by the manufacturer and/or its dealers in return 
for  a  commitment  by  the  student  to  work  for  a  dealer  of  that  manufacturer  for  a  certain  period  of  time  upon 
completion of the program.  For both types of programs, the manufacturer typically assists us in the development 
of course content and curricula, while providing us with vehicles, equipment, specialty tools and parts at reduced 
prices or at no charge. This specialized training enhances the student’s skills with a particular manufacturer’s 
technology resulting in enhanced employment opportunities and potential for higher wages for our graduates.

Student-Paid MSATs

Pursuant to written agreements, we offer the following student-paid MSAT programs for the following 

OEMs using vehicles, equipment, specialty tools and curricula provided by the OEMs: 

•  American Honda Motor Company, Inc. We provide the Honda PACT Program at our Lisle, Illinois campus.

•  BMW of North America, LLC.  We provide BMW’s FastTrack Program at the BMW training center in 

Ontario, California, and at our Avondale, Arizona and Orlando, Florida campuses.  

•  Cummins Rocky Mountain, a subsidiary of Cummins, Inc.  We provide the Cummins Qualified Technician 

Program at our Avondale, Arizona; Exton, Pennsylvania and Houston, Texas campuses.  

•  Daimler Trucks N.A.  We provide the Daimler Trucks Finish First Program at our Avondale, Arizona 

campus.  

•  Ford Motor Co.  We provide the Ford Accelerated Credential Training Program at all UTI campuses 

except our Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas campus.  

•  Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC.  We provide the Mercedes-Benz ELITE START Program at our Houston, Texas; 

Norwood, Massachusetts and Rancho Cucamonga, California campuses.  

•  Navistar International Corp.  We provide the International Technician Education Program at our Lisle, 

Illinois campus. 

•  Nissan  North America,  Inc.   We  provide  the  Nissan Automotive Technician Training  Program  at  our 
Houston, Texas; Mooresville, North Carolina; Sacramento, California; Orlando, Florida and Norwood, 
Massachusetts campuses.  

• 

Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.  We provide the Toyota Professional Automotive Technician Program at 
our Lisle, Illinois; Exton, Pennsylvania and Sacramento, California campuses.  

8

Manufacturer-Paid MSATs

Our  manufacturer-paid  MSATs  are  intended  to  offer  in-depth  instruction  on  specific  manufacturers’ 
products, qualifying a graduate for employment with a dealer seeking highly specialized, entry-level technicians 
with brand-specific skills.  Students who are highly ranked graduates of an automotive or diesel program may 
apply to be selected for these programs.  The programs range from 11 to 24 weeks in duration.  Pursuant to written 
agreements, we offer the following manufacturer-paid MSAT programs using vehicles, equipment, specialty tools 
and curricula provided by the OEMs:  

•  BMW of North America, LLC.  We provide BMW’s Service Technician Education Program (STEP) 
and Mini Service Technical Education Program (MINI STEP).  Both programs are provided at our 
Orlando, Florida campus and at the BMW training centers in Ontario, California, and Woodcliff Lake, 
New Jersey.  STEP is also provided at our Avondale, Arizona campus.  This agreement expires on 
December 31, 2014 and may be terminated for cause by either party.

•  Mercedes-Benz  USA,  LLC.   We  provide  the  Mercedes-Benz ELITE  ADVANCED  Program  at  the 
MBUSA training center in Jacksonville, Florida.  This agreement expires on December 31, 2014 and 
may be terminated without cause by either party.

•  Navistar International Corp.  We provide the International Truck Education Program at our Lisle, 
Illinois,  Exton,  Pennsylvania,  and  Sacramento,  California  campuses.   This  agreement  expires  on 
December 31, 2014 and may be terminated without cause by either party.

•  Peterbilt Motors Company.  We provide the Peterbilt Technician Institute program at our Dallas/Ft. 
Worth, Texas campus.  This agreement expires on April 30, 2014 and may be terminated without 
cause by either party.  

•  Porsche Cars of North America, Inc.  We provide the Porsche Technician Apprenticeship Program 
at the Porsche training centers in Atlanta, Georgia and Easton, Pennsylvania.  This agreement expires 
September 30, 2014 and may be renewed by mutual agreement.

•  Volvo Cars of North America, LLC.  We provide Volvo’s Service Automotive Factory Education 
program training at our Avondale, Arizona campus. This agreement expires on December 31, 2013.  

Dealer/Industry Training  

Technicians  in  all  of  the  industries  we  serve  are  in  regular  need  of  training  or  certification  on  new 
technologies.  Manufacturers outsource a portion of this training to education providers such as UTI.  We currently 
provide dealer technician training to manufacturers such as:  American Honda Motor Co., Inc.; BMW of North 
America,  LLC;  Ford  Motor  Co.;  Harley-Davidson  Motor  Co.  and  Mercury  Marine,  a  division  of  Brunswick 
Corporation.

Industry Relationships

We have a network of industry relationships that provide a wide range of strategic and financial benefits, 

including product/financial support, licensing and manufacturer training.

•  Product/Financial  Support.    Product/financial  support  is  an  integral  component  of  our  business 
strategy and is present throughout our schools.  In these relationships, sponsors provide their products, 
including equipment and supplies, at reduced or no cost to us, in return for our use of those products 
in the classroom.  Additionally, they may provide financial sponsorship either to us or to our students.  
Product/financial support is an attractive marketing opportunity for sponsors because our classrooms 
provide them with early access to the future end-users of their products.  As students become familiar 
with a manufacturer’s products during training, they may be more likely to continue to use the same 

9

products upon graduation.  Our product support relationships allow us to minimize the equipment 
and supply costs in each of our classrooms and significantly reduce the capital outlay necessary for 
operating and equipping our campuses.

An example of a product/financial support relationship is: 

Snap-on Tools.  We have a strategic agreement with Snap-on Tools, a premier tool provider 
to the industries we serve.  Upon graduation from our undergraduate programs, students 
receive a Snap-on Tools entry-level tool set having an approximate retail value of $1,000, 
which can become valuable as a student establishes their career.  We purchase these tool 
sets from Snap-on Tools at a discount from their list price pursuant to a written agreement 
which expires in April 2017.  In the context of this relationship, we have granted Snap-on 
Tools exclusive access to our campuses to display tool related advertising, and we have 
agreed to use Snap-on Tools equipment to train our students.  We receive credits from Snap-
on Tools for student tool kits that we purchase and any additional purchases made by our 
students.  We can then redeem those credits in multiple ways, which historically has been 
to purchase Snap-on Tools equipment and tools for our campuses at the full retail list price.

• 

Licensing.  Licensing agreements enable us to establish meaningful relationships with key industry 
brands.  We pay a licensing fee and, in return, receive the right to use a particular industry participant’s 
name, logo or trademark in our promotional materials and on our campuses.  We believe that our 
current and potential students generally identify favorably with the recognized brand names licensed 
to us, enhancing our reputation and the effectiveness of our marketing efforts.

An example of a licensing arrangement is: 

NASCAR.  We have a licensing arrangement with NASCAR and are its exclusive education 
provider for automotive technicians.  The agreement expires on December 31, 2017 and 
may  be  terminated  for  cause  by  either  party  at  any  time  prior  to  its  expiration.    This 
relationship provides us with access to the network of NASCAR sponsors, presenting us 
with the opportunity to enhance our product support relationships.  In July 2002, NASCAR 
Technical  Institute  opened  in  Mooresville,  North  Carolina  where  students  have  the 
opportunity  to  take  NASCAR-specific  elective  courses  that  were  developed  through  a 
collaboration  of  NASCAR  crew  chiefs  and  motorsports  industry  leaders.    The  popular 
NASCAR brand name combined with the opportunity to learn on high-performance cars is 
a powerful recruiting and retention tool.  It also provides students with the opportunity to 
learn first-hand with NASCAR engines and equipment and to acquire specific skills required 
for entry-level positions in automotive and racing-related career opportunities.

See Note 11 of the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements within Part II, Item 8 of this Report 
on Form 10-K for further discussion of licensing agreements.

•  Manufacturer Training.  Manufacturer training relationships provide benefits to us that impact each 
of our education programs.  These relationships support entry-level training tailored to the needs of 
a specific manufacturer, as well as continuing education and training of experienced technicians.  In 
both  the  entry-level  and  continuing  education  programs,  students  receive  training  on  a  given 
manufacturer’s products.  In return, the manufacturer supplies vehicles, equipment, specialty tools 
and parts  at reduced prices or at no charge and assistance in developing curricula.  Students who 
receive the entry-level training may earn manufacturer certification to work on that manufacturer’s 
products when they complete the program.  The manufacturer certification typically leads to both 
improved employment opportunities and the potential for higher wages.  The continuing education 
programs for experienced technicians are paid for by the manufacturer and often take place in our 

10

facilities, allowing the manufacturer to avoid the costs associated with establishing its own dedicated 
facility.  Manufacturer training relationships lower the capital investment necessary to equip our 
classrooms  and  provide  us  with  a  significant  marketing  advantage.    In  addition,  through  these 
relationships, manufacturers are able to increase the pool of skilled technicians available to service 
and repair their products.

Examples of manufacturer training relationships include: 

Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC.  This is an example of a student-paid MSAT program.  We offer 
the  Mercedes-Benz  ELITE  START  elective  program  at  our  Houston,  Texas,  Norwood, 
Massachusetts and Rancho Cucamonga, California campuses.  The Mercedes-Benz Program 
uses training and course materials as well as training vehicles and equipment provided by 
Mercedes-Benz.  

American Honda Motor Co., Inc.  This is an example of a dealer technician training program 
paid for by the manufacturer or dealer.  We provide marine and motorcycle training for 
experienced American Honda technicians utilizing training materials and curricula provided 
by American  Honda.    Our  instructors  provide  marine  and  motorcycle  dealer  training  at 
American  Honda-authorized  training  centers  across  the  United  States.    We  oversee  the 
administration  of  the  motorcycle  training  program,  including  technician  enrollment.  
Additionally, American Honda supports our campus Hon Tech training program by donating 
equipment and providing curricula.

Porsche Cars of North America, Inc.  This is an example of a manufacturer-paid MSAT 
program.  We have a written agreement with Porsche Cars of North America, Inc. whereby 
we provide the Porsche Technician Apprenticeship Program at the Porsche training centers 
in Atlanta, Georgia and Easton, Pennsylvania using vehicles, equipment, specialty tools and 
curricula provided by Porsche.  The written agreement expires September 30, 2014 and may 
be renewed by mutual agreement.

Student Recruitment Model

Our student recruitment efforts begin with our commitment to positive outcomes, both for our students 
and our industry relationships. Our responsibility to present job-ready graduates to employers requires that we 
recruit, enroll and train prospective students who have the drive and potential to successfully pursue a career in 
their field of training. We use a national multi-touch media approach, including digital fulfillment and engagement 
platforms, to generate the quality and quantity of prospective students necessary for our three primary admissions 
channels to enroll and start students.

Marketing and Advertising.  Our marketing strategies are designed to identify potential students who 
would  benefit from  our  programs  and  pursue  successful careers  upon  graduation.  We  leverage a  web-centric 
inquiry generation platform that focuses on nationally efficient advertising coupled with the internet, where our 
website acts as the primary hub of our campaigns, to inform and educate potential students on the nature and cost 
of our educational programs and the employment opportunities that could be available to them.  Currently, we 
advertise on television, radio, multiple internet sites and in magazines, and we use events, social media, direct mail 
and telemarketing to reach prospective students.

We utilize a student-centered recruiting policy to maximize efficiency of our admissions representatives 
with a focus on the prospective student.  Our admissions representatives are provided with training and tools to 
assist any prospective student.

11

•  High  Schools.    Our  field-based  representatives  recruit  prospective  students  primarily  from  high 
schools across the country with assigned territories covering the United States and U.S. territories.  
Our field-based admissions representatives generate the majority of their inquiries by making career 
presentations at high schools.  Typically, the field-based admissions representatives enroll high school 
students during an application interview conducted at the homes of prospective students.  

Our reputation in local, regional and national business communities, endorsements from high school 
guidance counselors and the recommendations of satisfied graduates and employers are some of our 
most effective recruiting tools.  Accordingly, we strive to build relationships with the people who 
influence the career decisions of prospective students, such as vocational instructors and high school 
guidance counselors.  We conduct seminars for high school career counselors and instructors at our 
training facilities and campuses as a means of further educating these individuals on the merits of 
our technical training programs.  Our representatives focus on expanding high school relationships 
beyond the traditional vocational programs and into academic classes.   

•  Military Personnel.  Our military representatives are strategically located throughout the country 
and  focus  on  building  relationships  with  military  installations.  Additionally,  we  have  one 
representative  located  in  Europe.  We  develop  relationships  with  military  personnel  and  provide 
information  about  our  training  programs  by  delivering  career  presentations  to  soldiers  who  are 
approaching their date of separation or have recently separated from the military as a means of further 
educating these individuals on the merits of our technical training programs.  

•  Adult  Students.    Our  campus-based  representatives  recruit  adult  career-seeker  or  career-changer 
students.  These representatives respond to student inquiries generated from national, regional and 
local advertising and promotional activities.  Since adults tend to start our programs throughout the 
year instead of in the fall as is most typical of traditional school calendars or for recent high school 
graduates, these students help balance our enrollment throughout the year.

Student Admissions and Retention

We currently employ field, military and campus-based admissions representatives who work directly with 
prospective students to facilitate the enrollment process.  At each campus, student admissions are overseen by an 
admissions department that reviews each application.  Different programs have varying admissions standards.  
Applicants must provide proof of:  high school graduation or its equivalent; certification of high school equivalency 
(G.E.D.);  successful  completion  of  a  degree  program  at  the  postsecondary  level  or  successful  completion  of 
officially recognized home schooling.  Students who present a diploma or certificate evidencing completion of 
home schooling or an online high school program are required to take and pass an entrance exam.    

To maximize the likelihood of student retention and graduation, our admissions process is intended to 
identify students who have the desire and ability to succeed in their chosen program.  We have student services 
professionals and other resources that provide various student services including orientation, tutoring, student 
housing assistance, and academic, financial, personal and employment advisement.  We have established processes 
to identify students who may be in need of assistance to succeed in and complete their chosen program.  

Enrollment

We enroll students throughout the year.  For the year ended September 30, 2013, our average undergraduate 
full-time student enrollment was approximately 15,000, representing a decrease of approximately 9.1% as compared 
to 16,500 for the year ended September 30, 2012.  Currently, our student body is geographically diverse, with 
approximately 50% of our students having relocated to attend our programs. Due to the seasonality of our business 
and normal fluctuations in student populations, we would expect volatility in our quarterly results. See Seasonality 

12

 
within Part II, Item 7 of this Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of seasonal fluctuations in revenues and 
operating results.

Graduate Employment

As described in “Business - Schools and Programs” included elsewhere in this report on Form 10-K, our 
programs prepare graduates for careers as automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians 
in industries requiring the training we provide. Identifying employment opportunities and preparing our graduates 
for  these careers  is  critical to  our  ability to help  our  graduates benefit from  their education.  Accordingly, we 
dedicate significant resources to maintaining an effective employment team.  Our campus-based staff facilitates 
several career development processes, including instruction and coaching for interview skills and professionalism, 
provides reference materials and assistance with the composition of resumes and assists in part-time and graduate 
job searches.  

We  also  have  a  centralized  department  whose  focus  is  to  build  relationships  with  potential  national 
employers and develop graduate job opportunities and, where possible, relocation assistance, tool packages and 
tuition reimbursement plans with our OEMs and other industry employers.  Together, the campuses and centralized 
department coordinate and host career fairs, interview days and employer visits to our campus locations.  We 
believe  that  our  graduate  employment  services  provide  our  students  with  a  compelling  value  proposition  and 
enhance the employment opportunities for our graduates.  

Our employment rates for 2012 and 2011 graduates were 85% and 82%, respectively.  The employment 
calculation  is  based  on  all  graduates,  including  those  that  completed  manufacturer  specific  advanced  training 
programs, from October 1, 2011 to September 30, 2012 and October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2011, respectively, 
excluding  graduates  not  available  for  employment  because  of  continuing  education,  military  service,  health, 
incarceration,  death  or  international  student  status.    We  count  a  graduate  as  employed  based  on  a  verified 
understanding of the graduate’s job duties to assess and confirm that the graduate’s primary job responsibilities 
are in his or her field of study. We verify employment by sending written verification requests to both the graduate 
and the employer. The verifications must include employer name, job duties, job title, hire date and supervisor’s 
name. Once we receive written verification from either source, the graduate is counted as employed. If we are 
unable to obtain written verification, we also count graduates as employed if we are able to obtain verbal verification 
from both the graduate and the employer. We periodically review a sample of employment verifications to ensure 
accuracy.

For 2012, we had approximately 12,200 total graduates, of which approximately 11,400 were available 
for employment.  Of those graduates available for employment, approximately 9,600 were employed within one 
year of their graduation date, for a total of 85%. For 2011, we had approximately 13,600 total graduates, of which 
approximately 12,800 were available for employment. Of those graduates available for employment, approximately 
10,500 were employed within one year of their graduation date, for a total of 82%.

Faculty and Employees

Faculty members are hired nationally in accordance with established criteria, applicable accreditation 
standards and applicable state regulations.  Members of our faculty are primarily industry professionals and are 
hired based on their prior work and educational experience.  We require a specific level of industry experience in 
order to enhance the quality of the programs we offer and to address current and industry-specific issues in the 
course content.  We provide intensive instructional training and continuing education to our faculty members to 
maintain the quality of instruction in all fields of study.  A majority of our existing instructors have a minimum of 
five years experience in the industry and an average of seven years of experience teaching at UTI, ranging from 
less than 1 year to 34 years.  Our average undergraduate student-to-teacher ratio is approximately 22-to-1.  

13

 
Each school’s support team typically includes a campus president, an education director, an admissions 
director, a financial aid director, a student services director, an employment services director, a campus controller 
and a facilities director.  As of September 30, 2013, we had approximately 2,150 full-time employees, including 
approximately 680 student support employees and approximately 740 full-time instructors.

Our employees are not represented by labor unions and are not subject to collective bargaining agreements.  
We have never experienced a work stoppage, and we believe that we have good relationships with our employees.  
However, we may encounter employees who desire or maintain union representation at new or existing campuses.

Competition

The for-profit, post-secondary education industry is highly competitive and highly fragmented, with no 
one provider controlling significant market share. We compete with other institutions that are eligible to receive 
Title  IV  funding,  including  not-for-profit  public  and  private  schools,  community  colleges  and  all  for-profit 
institutions which offer automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technician as well as other 
skilled trades training programs. Our competition differs in each market depending on the curriculum that we offer. 
Our  main  competitors  for  the  programs  we  provide  are  other  for-profit  career-oriented  and  technical  schools, 
including Lincoln Technical Institute, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lincoln Educational Services Corporation; 
WyoTech, which is owned by Corinthian Colleges, Inc., and traditional two-year junior and community colleges. 
Competition  is  generally  based  on  location,  the  type  of  programs  offered,  the  quality  of  instruction,  graduate 
employment rates, reputation, recruiting and tuition rates. Public institutions are generally able to charge lower 
tuition than our schools, due in part to government subsidies and other financial sources not available to for-profit 
schools. 

According to data available through the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), for the twelve 
months  ended  June  30,  2012,  we  had  12,787  graduates;  Lincoln Technical  Institute  had  5,714  graduates  and 
WyoTech had 4,129 graduates in programs similar to ours. This data also shows that no individual community 
college had a number of graduates commensurate with ours in similar programs. Further, we partner with over 25 
original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to provide manufacturer specific advanced training. We believe that 
we  have  the  largest  number  of  OEM  branded  training  programs.   These  OEMs  provide  vehicles,  equipment, 
specialty tools and curricula that lead to increased training and employment opportunities for our students, including 
the potential for brand specific certifications. For additional information regarding the benefits of the relationships 
with OEMs, see “Business - Business Model” and “Business - Business Strategy” included elsewhere in this report 
on  Form  10-K.    We  believe  that  our  industry  relationships,  brand  recognition  and  national  presence  provide 
significant benefits to our students and their employers while differentiating us from other technical training schools. 

Environmental Matters

We  use  hazardous  materials  at  our  training  facilities  and  campuses,  and  generate  small  quantities  of 
regulated  waste,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  used  oil,  antifreeze,  transmission  fluid,  paint,  solvents  and  car 
batteries.  As a result, our facilities and operations are subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations 
governing, among other things, the use, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous substances and waste, and the 
clean-up of contamination at our facilities or off-site locations to which we send or have sent waste for disposal.  
Certain of our campuses are required to obtain permits for our air emissions.  In the event we do not maintain 
compliance with any of these laws and regulations, or if we are responsible for a spill or release of hazardous 
materials, we could incur significant costs for clean-up, damages, and fines or penalties.

Available Information

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and 
amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934, as amended are available on our website, www.uti.edu under the “Investors - Financial Information - SEC 
Filings” captions, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, 
14

 
 
the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).  Reports of our executive officers, directors and any other persons 
required to file securities ownership reports under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are also 
available  through  our  website.    Information  contained  on  our  website  is  not  a  part  of  this  Report  and  is  not 
incorporated herein by reference. 

In  Part  III  of  this  Form 10-K,  we  “incorporate  by  reference”  certain  information  from  parts  of  other 
documents filed with the SEC, specifically our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  The 
SEC allows us to disclose important information by referring to it in that manner.  Please refer to such information.  
We anticipate that on or about January 7, 2014, our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
will be filed with the SEC and available on our website at www.uti.edu under the “Investors - Financial Information 
- SEC Filings” captions. 

Information  relating  to  corporate  governance  at  UTI,  including  our  Code  of  Conduct  for  all  of  our 
employees and our Supplemental Code of Ethics for our Chief Executive Officer and senior financial officers, and 
information  concerning  Board  Committees,  including  Committee  charters,  is  available  on  our  website  at 
www.uti.edu under the “Investors - Corporate Governance” captions.  We will provide copies of any of the foregoing 
information without charge upon written request to Universal Technical Institute, Inc., 16220 North Scottsdale 
Road, Suite 100, Scottsdale, Arizona 85254, Attention: Investor Relations.

See Note 15 of the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements within Part II, Item 8 of this Report 

on Form 10-K for for summary segment financial information.

Regulatory Environment

Our institutions participate in a variety of government-sponsored financial aid programs that assist students 
in paying their cost of education.  The largest source of such support is the federal programs of student financial 
assistance under Title IV of the HEA.  This support, commonly referred to as Title IV Programs, is administered 
by ED.  In 2013, we derived approximately 68% of our revenues, on a cash basis as defined by ED, from Title IV 
Programs.

To participate in Title IV Programs, an institution must be authorized to offer its programs of instruction 
by relevant state education agencies, be accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED and be certified 
as an eligible institution by ED.  For these reasons, our institutions are subject to extensive regulatory requirements 
imposed by all of these entities.

State Authorization

Each of our institutions must be authorized by the applicable state education agency where the institution 
is located to operate and grant degrees or diplomas to its students.  Our institutions are subject to extensive, ongoing 
regulation by each of these states.  Additionally, our institutions are required to be authorized by the applicable 
state education agencies of certain other states in which our institutions recruit students.  Currently, each of our 
institutions is authorized by the applicable state education agency or agencies.  

The level of regulatory oversight varies substantially from state to state and is extensive in some states.  
State laws typically establish standards for instruction, qualifications of faculty, location and nature of facilities 
and equipment, administrative procedures, marketing, recruiting, financial operations and other operational matters.  
State laws and regulations may limit our ability to offer educational programs and to award degrees or diplomas.  
Some states prescribe standards of financial responsibility that are not consistent with those required by ED and 
some  mandate  that  institutions  post  surety  bonds.    Currently,  we  have  posted  surety  bonds  on  behalf  of  our 
institutions and admissions representatives with multiple states of approximately $19.2 million.  We believe that 
each of our institutions is in substantial compliance with state education agency requirements.  States often change 
their requirements in response to ED regulations or to implement requirements that may impact institutional and 

15

student success, and our institutions must respond quickly to remain in compliance.  Also, from time to time, states 
may transition authority between state agencies and we must comply with the new state agency’s rules, procedures 
and other documentation requirements.  If any one of our campuses were to lose its authorization from the education 
agency of the state in which the campus is located, that campus would be unable to offer its programs and we could 
be forced to close that campus.  If one of our campuses were to lose its authorization from a state other than the 
state in which the campus is located, that campus would not be able to recruit students in that state.

Accreditation

Accreditation is a non-governmental process through which an institution voluntarily submits to ongoing 
qualitative reviews by an organization of peer institutions.  Accrediting commissions examine the academic quality 
of the institution’s instructional programs, and a grant of accreditation is generally viewed as confirmation that the 
institution’s programs meet generally accepted academic standards and practices.  Accrediting commissions also 
review the administrative and financial operations of the institutions they accredit to ensure that each institution 
has the resources necessary to perform its educational mission, implement continuous improvement processes and 
support student success.

Accreditation by an ED recognized commission is required for an institution to be certified to participate 
in Title IV Programs.  In order to be recognized by ED, accrediting commissions must adopt specific standards 
for their review of educational institutions.  All of our institutions are accredited by the Accrediting Commission 
of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC), a national accrediting commission recognized by ED.  Our campuses' 
five-year grants of accreditation expire as follows:

Campus

Mooresville, North Carolina; NASCAR Technical Institute 
   (UTI/NASCAR Tech)1
Avondale, Arizona

Orlando, Florida

Rancho Cucamonga, California

Houston, Texas
Lisle, Illinois2
Phoenix, Arizona; Motorcycle Mechanics Institute (MMI)

Exton, Pennsylvania

Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas
Norwood, Massachusetts

Sacramento, California

December 2013

February 2014

February 2014

February 2014

February 2014

February 2014

May 2014

October 2016

March 2017
July 2017

December 2017

1Our Mooresville, North Carolina campus’ accreditation expired on December 1, 2013. We completed 
the renewal site visit for accreditation in May 2013. The visiting accreditation team reported that there were no 
findings of non-compliance and that our application would be considered at the February 2014 meeting. Until that 
time, the Mooresville, North Carolina campus remains fully accredited.

2We relocated from our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus and began teaching programs at our Lisle, 

Illinois campus effective November 11, 2013.

We believe that each of our institutions is in substantial compliance with ACCSC accreditation standards.  
If any one of our institutions lost its accreditation, students attending that institution would no longer be eligible 
to receive Title IV Program funding and we could be forced to close that institution.

16

Our 2013 annual report has been completed and submitted to ACCSC. Six of our approximately 185 
approved programs did not meet either the graduation rate or the employment rate requirements. ACCSC may 
require additional reporting regarding these programs or institutions. An institution placed on reporting status is 
required to report periodically to the accrediting commission on that institution’s performance in the area or areas 
specified  by  the  commission.  We  are  taking  steps  to  improve  the  outcomes  of  these  programs.  None  of  our 
institutions are currently on reporting status.

Nature of Federal and State Support for Postsecondary Education

The federal government provides a substantial part of its support for postsecondary education through 
Title IV Programs in the form of grants and loans to students who can use those funds at any institution that has 
been certified as eligible by ED.  Most aid under Title IV Programs is awarded on the basis of financial need, 
generally defined as the difference between the cost of attending the institution and the amount a student can 
reasonably contribute to that cost.  All recipients of Title IV Program funds must maintain a satisfactory grade 
point average and make academic progress, as defined by ED, towards the completion of their program of study.  
In addition, each institution must ensure that Title IV Program funds are properly accounted for and disbursed in 
the correct amounts to eligible students, as well as provide a variety of disclosures and reports on recipient data 
and program expenditures.

During 2013, based on their individual eligibility under the following Title IV Programs, our students 
received grants and loans from the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (DL) program, the Federal Pell Grant 
(Pell)  program,  the  Federal  Supplemental  Educational  Opportunity  Grant  (FSEOG)  program  and  the  Federal 
Perkins Loan (Perkins) program.  

Federal Title IV Programs

DL.  Under the DL program, ED makes loans to students or their parents. Borrowers repay these loans 
to ED according to the terms and conditions of the program.  Students with financial need continue to qualify for 
interest subsidies while in school. Non-need-based unsubsidized loans are also available to students or their parents.  
In 2013, we derived approximately 51% of our revenues, on a cash basis, from the DL program.  

Pell.  Under the Pell program, ED makes grants to students who demonstrate financial need based on the 
Free  Federal Application  for  Federal  Student Aid  (FAFSA).    In  2013,  we  derived  approximately  16%  of  our 
revenues, on a cash basis, from the Pell program.  

FSEOG.  FSEOG grants are designed to supplement Pell grants for students with the greatest financial 
need.  Institutions must provide matching funding equal to 25% of all awards made under this program.  In 2013, 
we derived less than 1% of our revenues, on a cash basis, from the FSEOG program.  

Perkins.  Perkins loans are made from a revolving institutional account in which 75% of new funding is 
capitalized by ED and the remainder by the institution.  Each institution is responsible for collecting payments on 
Perkins loans from its former students and lending those funds to currently enrolled students.  Defaults by students 
on their Perkins loans reduce the amount of funds available in the institution’s revolving account to make loans to 
additional students.  Since the federal award year beginning July 1, 2004, ED has made no new Perkins allocations 
to schools due to federal appropriations limitations.  In 2013, we derived less than 1% of our revenues, on a cash 
basis, from the Perkins program.  

Other Federal and State Programs

Some of our students receive financial aid from federal sources other than Title IV Programs, such as the 
programs administered by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and under the Workforce Investment Act.  

17

Additionally, some states provide financial aid to our students in the form of grants, loans or scholarships.  The 
eligibility requirements for state financial aid vary by funding agency and program.  

Our largest source of state financial aid is the Cal Grant program funded by the State of California. Due 
to institutional eligibility changes as a result of the 2012 California Budget Act, which was enacted on June 27, 
2012, institutions are required to maintain  a three-year cohort default rate of less than 15.5% to remain eligible 
for the Cal Grant program, as well as maintain a graduation rate above 30%.  Our Universal Technical Institute of 
Phoenix  institution,  which  includes  our  Sacramento,  California  campus,  became  ineligible  for  the  Cal  Grant 
program beginning with the 2013-2014 award year, as its 2009 three-year cohort default rate released by ED in 
October  2012  exceeded  15.5%. Additionally,  our  Universal  Technical  Institute  of Arizona  institution,  which 
includes our Rancho Cucamonga, California campus, will become ineligible to participate beginning with the 
2014-2015 award year, as its 2010 three-year cohort default rate released by ED in September 2013 exceeded 
15.5%.  An ineligible institution cannot receive Cal Grant funds for any student who enrolls after the institution 
becomes ineligible. Additional information on our cohort default rates is included under "Federal Student Loan 
Defaults" below. In 2013, we derived less than 1% of our revenues, on a cash basis, from the Cal Grant program.

Veterans' Benefits.  Since October 1, 2011, the Post-9/11 GI Bill has been effective for both degree and 
non-degree granting institutions of higher learning, allowing eligible veterans to use their Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits 
at all of our campuses.  Additionally, veterans use benefits such as the Montgomery GI Bill, the Reserve Education 
Assistance Program (REAP) and VA Vocational Rehabilitation at our campuses.  In 2013, we derived approximately 
18% of our revenues, on a cash basis, from veterans' benefits programs, as compared to approximately 9% in 2012. 

The VA imposes a limit of 85% on the percentage of students per program receiving benefits under certain 
veterans' benefits programs, unless the program qualifies for certain exemptions or waivers.  If waivers are granted, 
the VA instead imposes a limit of 35% on the percentage of students per campus receiving benefits under certain 
veterans' benefits programs.  We received a waiver for all of our programs on January 25, 2013 which allows us 
to comply with the 35% limit.  If the VA determines that an institution is out of compliance with the applicable 
limit, the VA will continue to provide benefits to current students but will not provide benefits to newly enrolled 
students until the institution demonstrates compliance. One of our 11 campuses is operating near the 35% limit as 
of November 1, 2013; our remaining 10 campuses are below 30%.  

During 2012, President Obama signed an Executive Order directing the Departments of Defense, Veteran 
Affairs and Education to establish “Principles of Excellence” (Principles), based on certain guidelines set forth in 
the Executive Order, to apply to educational institutions receiving federal funding for service members, veterans 
and family members.  As requested, we provided written confirmation of our intent to comply with the Principles 
to the VA in June 2012.  We are required to comply with the Principles to continue recruitment activities on military 
installations.  Additionally, there is a requirement to possess a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the 
U.S.  Department  of  Defense  as  well  as  with  certain  individual  installations.    Our  access  to  bases  for  student 
recruitment has become more limited due to recent changes in the Transition Assistance Program (Transition Goals, 
Plans, Success) and increased enforcement of the MOU requirement.  Each of our institutions has an MOU with 
the U.S. Department of Defense.  We have MOUs with certain key individual installations and are pursuing MOUs 
at additional locations; however, some installations will not provide MOUs to institutions that do not teach at the 
installation. We continue to strengthen and develop relationships with our existing contacts and with new contacts 
in order to maintain and rebuild our access to military installations.  

Regulation of Federal Student Financial Aid Programs

To participate in Title IV Programs, an institution must be authorized to offer its programs by the relevant 
state education agencies, be accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED and be certified as eligible 
by ED.  ED will certify an institution to participate in Title IV Programs only after the institution has demonstrated 
compliance with the HEA and ED’s extensive regulations regarding institutional eligibility.  An institution must 

18

 
 
also demonstrate its compliance to ED on an ongoing basis.  All of our institutions are certified to participate in 
Title IV Programs. 

ED’s Title IV program standards are applied primarily on an institutional basis, with an institution defined 
by ED as a main location and its additional locations, if any.  Each institution is assigned a unique Office of Post-
Secondary Education Identification Number (OPEID). Under this definition for ED purposes we have the following 
three institutions:

Institution

Main campus

Additional campuses

Institution

Main campus

Additional campuses

Universal Technical Institute of Arizona

Universal Technical Institute, Avondale, Arizona

Universal Technical Institute, Lisle, Illinois1
Universal Technical Institute, Rancho Cucamonga, California

Universal Technical Institute – NASCAR Technical Institute,
  Mooresville, North Carolina

Universal Technical Institute, Norwood, Massachusetts

Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix

Universal Technical Institute DBA Motorcycle Mechanics Institute,
  Motorcycle & Marine Mechanics Institute, Phoenix, Arizona

Universal Technical Institute, Sacramento, California

Universal Technical Institute, Orlando, Florida

Divisions

Motorcycle Mechanics Institute, Orlando, Florida

Marine Mechanics Institute, Orlando, Florida

Automotive, Orlando, Florida

19

Institution

Main campus

Additional campuses

Universal Technical Institute of Texas

Universal Technical Institute, Houston, Texas

Universal Technical Institute, Exton, Pennsylvania

Universal Technical Institute, Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas

1We relocated from our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus and began teaching programs at our Lisle, 

Illinois campus effective November 11, 2013.

The substantial amount of federal funds disbursed through Title IV Programs, the large number of students 
and institutions participating in those programs and instances of fraud and abuse have prompted ED to exercise 
significant regulatory oversight over institutions participating in Title IV Programs.  Accrediting commissions and 
state agencies also oversee compliance with both their respective standards and Title IV Program requirements. 
As a result, each of our institutions is subject to detailed oversight and review and must comply with a complex 
framework of laws and regulations.  Because ED periodically revises its regulations and changes its interpretation 
of existing laws and regulations, we cannot predict with certainty how the Title IV Program requirements will be 
applied in all circumstances.

Significant factors relating to Title IV Programs that could adversely affect us include the following:

Congressional Action.  

Political  and  budgetary  concerns  significantly  affect  Title  IV  Programs.    Congress  has  historically 
reauthorized the HEA approximately every five to six years.  The HEA was reauthorized, amended and signed into 
law most recently on August 14, 2008 and continued the availability of Title IV Program funds, authorized additional 
aid  and  benefits  for  students,  required  new  federal  reporting  items  and  disclosures  and  codified  additional 
compliance requirements related to student loans. Additionally, reauthorization implemented changes that impact 
how institutions comply with requirements that they receive no more than 90% of their revenue from Title IV 
Programs and maintain acceptable cohort default rates.  Congress reviews and determines federal appropriations 
for Title IV Programs at least annually.  

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 established the Consumer 
Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), which became active during 2012. The CFPB is tasked with supervising large 
banks and certain other types of nonbank financial companies, including alternative loan providers, for compliance 
with federal consumer financial protection laws.  It is possible that our proprietary loan program will be subject 
to such supervision.  

On December 23, 2011 the President signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2012 (Appropriations 
Act), which included award year 2012-2013 funding levels for Title IV Programs and maintained a $5,550 maximum 
Federal Pell Grant for the 2012-2013 award year by cutting spending on the other student aid programs and placing 
new restrictions on eligibility. Additionally, the Appropriations Act reduced the maximum income that makes an 
applicant for Title IV Program funds eligible for an automatic zero Expected Family Contribution from $32,000 
to $23,000.  This has reduced the number of students eligible for the maximum Federal Pell Grant.  Furthermore, 
the Appropriations Act eliminated the automatic 10% Pell Grant award for students whose calculated award is at 
least 5% of the maximum Pell Grant but less than 10%.  

20

The  Appropriations  Act  also  made  several  non-Pell  Grant  related  changes  to  Title  IV  Program 
requirements. Ability-to-benefit (ATB) options for establishing general student eligibility for Title IV Program 
funds were eliminated for students who first enroll in a program of study on or after July 1, 2012.  This change 
requires students to have a high school diploma or its recognized equivalent, or to have been home schooled in 
order to be eligible to receive Title IV Program funds.  Additionally, ED has issued interpretive guidance in the 
form of multiple Dear Colleague Letters to institutions.  As a result of these changes, beginning July 1, 2012, we 
no longer admitted first-time students without a high school diploma, or its recognized equivalent, or who have 
not been home schooled.  

The Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) held a series of oversight 
hearings on for-profit institutions’ administration of Title IV programs during the 111th and 112th Congresses. The 
hearings focused on for-profit schools’ student recruitment and marketing practices, their percentage of revenue 
from Title IV Program funds, and the quality, cost and completion rates of programs at for-profit institutions.  To 
date, the applicable congressional committees of the 113th Congress have had a more balanced agenda made up 
of the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the Workforce Investment Act and the 
HEA, with less direct focus on for-profit education. We continue to be diligent in our efforts to provide value to 
our students and our industry customers and to remain in compliance with state, federal and accrediting agency 
rules and regulations.

Program Integrity.

On October 29, 2010, ED issued regulations pertaining to certain aspects of the administration of Title 
IV Programs, regulations which, with minor exceptions, became effective July 1, 2011.  Since the publication of 
the regulations, ED has issued interpretive guidance in the form of multiple Dear Colleague Letters to institutions. 
The letters provide sub-regulatory guidance on certain aspects of the regulations which assists institutions with 
understanding the regulations in these areas. However, there remains uncertainty in how various aspects of the 
regulations will be interpreted and applied, which could increase the risk that ED could seek to impose monetary 
or other sanctions on us if it believed we were not in full compliance with all aspects of the regulations.  The 
resulting program integrity rules promulgated in October 2010 and June 2011 address fourteen topics.

The regulations that have the most significant potential impact on our business are the following:

•  Determining when a program of study is required to measure student progress in clock hours 

and the assignment of credit hours; 

•  The elimination of the 12 safe harbors regarding the incentive compensation prohibition; and
•  The revised definition of “substantial misrepresentation” that could impose enhanced liability 

on institutions of higher education.

Assignment of Credit Hours and Clock Hours.  The regulations establish standard definitions for financial 
aid credit hours applicable to all institutions approved by ED and expand the definition of programs that must be 
measured in terms of clock hours for Title IV Program purposes.  These definitions are applied on a program-by-
program basis. Based on available publications and agency guidance, we do not believe any of our programs, as 
currently constituted, must be treated as clock hour programs for Title IV Program purposes under the requirements.  
If ED were to determine that our credit hour assignments were incorrect or that our programs must be treated as 
clock  hour  programs,  the  Title  IV  Program  funds  available  for  students  enrolled  in  such  programs  could  be 
significantly less than currently available.

ED’s regulatory structure relies heavily on the accreditors to assess compliance with the regulations.  On 
April 13, 2012, ACCSC released its definition of a credit hour.  The ACCSC credit hour definition is intended to 
reasonably approximate ED’s definition and to provide flexibility in program design and delivery.  The definition 
applies to both degree and non-degree programs.  We completed the program changes necessary to comply with 
the definition prior to the December 31, 2012 deadline.

21

Incentive  Compensation.    An  institution  participating  in  Title  IV  Programs  may  not  provide  any 
commission, bonus or other incentive payment based directly or indirectly on success in securing enrollments or 
the award of financial aid to any person or entity engaged in any student recruiting or admission activities or in 
making decisions regarding the awarding of Title IV Program funds.      

The current regulations prohibit schools from making salary adjustments to covered employees based, in 
any part, directly or indirectly, on the employee’s success in securing enrollments or financial aid, or the number 
of  students  recruited,  enrolled  or  awarded  financial  aid.    Similarly,  the  regulations  prohibit  any  payments  or 
incentives  to  covered  employees  based  on  students’  graduation  or  completion  of  any  part  of  their  program.  
Additionally, the commentary to the regulations states that the payment of incentives to covered employees based 
on how many students receive jobs in their field of study after graduation is also prohibited.  The regulations also 
provide that the compensation restrictions will apply to any employee who undertakes recruiting or admitting of 
students, or who makes decisions about and awards Title IV Program funds, as well as any higher level employee 
with responsibility for recruitment or admission of students, or making decisions about awarding Title IV Program 
funds.  

Furthermore, the regulations state that the same restrictions on a school’s payments to its own individual 
employees will also be applied to a school’s payments to an outside company.  The regulations provide an exception 
to this principle, which permits payments to an outside company for providing student contact information for 
prospective students, provided that such payments are not based on the number of students who apply or enroll, 
or  on  any  additional  conduct  by  the  outside  company  such  as  participation  in  pre-admission  activities.    The 
commentary accompanying the regulations also provides that payments made to third parties based on the number 
of clicks on a website are permissible, as long as those payments are not based in any part, directly or indirectly, 
on the number of individuals who enroll or are awarded financial aid.

When  it  issued  the  regulations,  ED  also  stated  that  it  does  not  intend  to  provide  private  guidance  to 
individual schools on their specific compensation practices, but that it may issue additional broadly applicable 
guidance to all schools from time to time.  In March 2011, ED issued the first such guidance on the incentive 
compensation regulations in the form of a Dear Colleague Letter to all schools participating in the Title IV Programs.  
In that guidance, ED addressed several issues, including: (i) activities ED considers covered or exempt from the 
incentive compensation restrictions; (ii) examples of types of payments ED considers to be permissible under the 
regulations; (iii) application of the compensation restrictions to senior managers, executives and other employees; 
(iv) standard evaluative factors that schools may use in determining the compensation of covered employees; and 
(v) limited situations in which tuition-based payments can be made to outside companies.  

Because the regulations differ significantly from the prior regulations, and because of the imprecise nature 
of many aspects of these regulations, it is not clear how ED will apply these regulations in all circumstances.  
Although we cannot guarantee that ED will not take a position that some aspect of our compensation practices is 
not in compliance with these regulations, we believe that our compensation plans are in substantial compliance 
with the regulations.  As discussed in Part II, Item 7, we have experienced an increase in compensation cost for 
our  admissions  representatives  as  a  result  of  the  changing  regulatory  environment.    The  regulations  required 
operating changes that have increased competition which has impacted our marketing and admissions operations.  
Our operating costs have changed and will continue to change materially based on any adjustments to compensation 
that we have made or may make in the future. As a result, the revisions to the governing regulations have adversely 
affected our ability to compensate our employees and our compensation practices for third parties.  

Misrepresentation Regulations.  Misrepresentation for purposes of Title IV Program compliance includes 
any false, erroneous or misleading statement that has the likelihood or tendency to deceive or confuse without 
regard to materiality or intent.  The areas of particular sensitivity to ED include: (i) potential misrepresentation of 
the nature of an educational program; (ii) the nature of any financial charges; (iii) the employability of graduates 
and  (iv)  the  manner  in  which  the  institution’s  relationship  with  ED  is  depicted.    The  regulations  governing 
misrepresentation also establish institutional liability for statements made by institutions and/or their agents and 

22

broaden the administrative remedies available to ED for violations. Further, the regulations create potential exposure 
in qui tam actions under the False Claims Act.  We believe we are in substantial compliance with the regulations 
governing misrepresentation.

Gainful Employment.  The HEA requires an eligible for-profit institution to provide “an eligible program 
of training to prepare students for gainful employment in a recognized occupation” in order for the institution’s 
students to qualify for Title IV Program assistance.  ED is relying on this statutory provision to support promulgation 
and implementation of the “gainful employment” rule.  On June 13, 2011, ED published regulations imposing 
additional Title IV Program eligibility requirements on certain educational programs.  These regulations established 
metrics for determining whether a program will qualify as such an educational program but were vacated by the 
U.S. District Court on June 30, 2012 prior to the effective date.  

On  June  12,  2013,  ED  published  a  notice  announcing  its  intent  to  establish  a  negotiated  rulemaking 
committee to prepare proposed regulations to establish standards for programs that prepare students for gainful 
employment in a recognized occupation. A negotiator panel representing various constituencies was established 
and the negotiation sessions took place in Washington, D.C. in September and November of 2013. On November 
8, 2013, ED published proposed new standards related to gainful employment which are stricter and more complex 
than an earlier version which was published on August 29, 2013. At this time, we cannot anticipate the impact that 
the standards, when finalized, will have on us. We continue to monitor this activity for any impact to our business.

The rules still require proprietary postsecondary institutions to provide prospective students with each 
eligible program’s recognized occupations, costs, completion rate, graduate employment rate and median loan debt 
of individuals who complete our programs.  We have established a webpage located at www.uti.edu/disclosure for 
this purpose.  

The “90/10 Rule.”  A for-profit institution loses its eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs if it 
derives more than 90% of its revenue from Title IV Programs for two consecutive fiscal years as calculated under 
a  cash  basis  formula  mandated  by  ED.   The  HEA  and  ED  regulations  set  forth  specific  requirements  for  the 
calculation of the Title IV Program revenue percentage, mandate expanded disclosure requirements in how an 
institution presents the calculation, and impose negative consequences if an institution exceeds the 90% limit.

The HEA provides that an institution will lose its Title IV Program eligibility for a period of at least two 
institutional fiscal years if it exceeds the 90% threshold for two consecutive institutional fiscal years.  The loss of 
such eligibility would begin on the first day following the conclusion of the second consecutive year in which the 
institution exceeded the 90% limit and, as such, any Title IV Program funds already received by the institution and 
its students during a period of ineligibility would have to be returned to ED or a lender, if applicable.  Additionally, 
if an institution exceeds the 90% level for a single year, ED will place the institution on provisional certification 
for a period of at least two years.

The HEA sets specific standards for certain elements in the calculation of an institution’s percentage under 
the 90/10 Rule, including the treatment of certain portions of Stafford loans, institutional loans and revenue received 
from students who are enrolled in educational programs that are not eligible for Title IV Program funding.  

As of September 30, 2013, our institutions’ annual Title IV percentages as calculated under the 90/10 rule 
ranged from approximately 66% to 69%.  We regularly monitor compliance with this requirement to minimize the 
risk that any of our institutions would derive more than the allowable maximum percentage of its revenue from 
Title IV Programs for any fiscal year.

Federal Student Loan Defaults.  To remain eligible to participate in Title IV Programs, institutions must 
maintain federal student loan cohort default rates below specified levels. The cohort default rate includes borrowers 
under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program, which was discontinued June 30, 2010, as well as the 
DL program.  ED calculates an institution’s cohort default rate on an annual basis.  Under the current calculation, 

23

 
the FFEL/DL cohort default rate is derived from student FFEL/DL borrowers who first enter loan repayment during 
a federal fiscal year (FFY) ending September 30 and subsequently default on those loans by the end of the following 
year;  parent  borrowers  are  excluded  from  the  calculation.   This  represents  a  two-year  measuring  period.   An 
institution whose cohort default rate is 25% or more for three consecutive FFYs or 40% or more for any given 
FFY loses eligibility to participate in some or all Title IV Programs.  This sanction is effective for the remainder 
of the FFY in which the institution lost its eligibility and for the two subsequent FFYs.  

The HEA expanded the measurement period for defaults from two years to three; a change that is expected 
to increase our FFEL/DL cohort default rates.  The regulations also increased the threshold for an institution to 
lose eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs from 25% to 30%. The one year threshold of 40% has not been 
increased.  ED began calculating both the two and three-year cohort default rates beginning with the 2009 cohort. 
Sanctions will be applicable after three consecutive years of the three-year cohort default rates are available, which 
we anticipate will occur in September of 2014.  During the transition period, sanctions will be based on the two-
year cohort default rate.  None of our institutions had a two-year FFEL/DL cohort default rate of 25% or greater 
for 2011, 2010 or 2009, the three most recent FFYs with published rates.  

The following tables set forth the FFEL/DL cohort default rates for our institutions: 

Institution

Two-Year Cohort Default Rates for
Cohort Years Ended September 30, (1)
2010

2011

Universal Technical Institute of Arizona

Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix

Universal Technical Institute of Texas

12.8%

13.7%

15.1%

All proprietary postsecondary institutions

13.6%

10.7%

11.4%

11.7%

12.9%

2009

7.7%

9.0%

8.8%

15.0%

Institution

Three-Year Cohort Default Rates for
Cohort Years Ended September 30, (1)

Universal Technical Institute of Arizona

Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix

Universal Technical Institute of Texas

All proprietary postsecondary institutions

2010

18.9%

20.2%

21.6%

21.8%

2009

14.3%

16.0%

16.4%

22.7%

(1)       Based on information published by the U.S. Department of Education.

An institution whose three-year cohort default rate under the FFEL/DL program exceeds 15% for any 
one of the three preceding years is subject to a 30-day delay in receiving the first disbursement on federal student 
loans.  As of September 30, 2013, our Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix and Universal Technical Institute 
of Texas institutions were subject to delayed disbursements.  Effective October 21, 2013, our Universal Technical 
Institute of Arizona institution also became subject to delayed disbursements as its three-year cohort default rate 
for FFY 2010 exceeded the 15% threshold.  An institution whose cohort default rate under the FFEL/DL program 
24

is 25% or greater, but less than 40%, for any one of the three most recent federal fiscal years may be placed on 
provisional certification status by ED for up to three years.  None of our institutions are on provisional status with 
ED.

Perkins Loan Defaults.  An institution with a Perkins program cohort default rate that is greater than 
15.0% for any federal award year, which is the twelve month period from July 1 through June 30, may be placed 
on provisional certification.  All of our institutions have Perkins cohort default rates less than 15% for students 
who were scheduled to begin repayment in the federal award year ended June 30, 2013, the most recent federal 
award year reported by our institutions. An institution with a Perkins cohort default rate of 50% or greater for three 
consecutive federal award years loses eligibility to participate in the Perkins program and must liquidate its loan 
portfolio.  None of our institutions had a Perkins cohort default rate of 50% or greater for any of the last three 
federal award years.  ED also will not provide any additional federal funds to an institution for Perkins loans in 
any  federal  award  year  in  which  the  institution’s  Perkins  cohort  default  rate  is  25%  or  greater.    None  of  our 
institutions has had its federal Perkins funding eliminated for the past three federal award years.  For the federal 
award year ended June 30, 2014, as with the five preceding federal award years, ED will not disburse any new 
federal funds to any institutions for Perkins loans due to federal appropriations limitations.  In our 2013 fiscal year, 
we derived less than 1% of our revenues from the Perkins program. 

Financial  Responsibility  Standards.   All  institutions  participating  in Title  IV  Programs  must  satisfy 
specific ED standards of financial responsibility.  ED evaluates institutions for compliance with these standards 
each year, based on the institution’s annual audited financial statements, as well as following a change of control 
of the institution.

The institution’s financial responsibility is measured by its composite score which is calculated by ED 

based on three ratios:

• 

• 

• 

the equity ratio which measures the institution’s capital resources, ability to borrow and financial 
viability;
the primary reserve ratio which measures the institution’s ability to support current operations from 
expendable resources; and
the net income ratio which measures the institution’s ability to operate at a profit.

ED assigns a strength factor to the results of each of these ratios on a scale from negative 1.0 to positive 
3.0, with negative 1.0 reflecting financial weakness and positive 3.0 reflecting financial strength.  ED then assigns 
a weighting percentage to each ratio and adds the weighted scores for the three ratios together to produce a composite 
score for the institution.  The composite score must be at least 1.5 for the institution to be deemed financially 
responsible without the need for further oversight.  In addition to having an acceptable composite score, an institution 
must, among other things, meet all of its financial obligations including required refunds to students and any Title 
IV Program liabilities and debts, be current in its debt payments, and not receive an adverse, qualified, or disclaimed 
opinion by its accountants in its audited financial statements.  If ED determines that an institution does not satisfy 
its financial responsibility standards, depending on the resulting composite score and other factors, that institution 
may  establish  its  financial  responsibility  on  an  alternative  basis  by  one  or  a  combination  of  the  following,  as 
determined by ED:

• 

• 

• 
• 

posting a letter of credit in an amount equal to at least 50% of the total Title IV Program funds received 
by the institution during its most recently completed fiscal year;
posting a letter of credit in an amount equal to at least 10% of such prior year’s Title IV Program 
funds;
accepting provisional certification; or
complying with additional ED monitoring requirements and agreeing to receive Title IV Program 
funds under an arrangement other than ED’s standard advance funding arrangement.

25

ED has historically evaluated the financial condition of our institutions on a consolidated basis based on 
the financial statements of Universal Technical Institute, Inc. as the parent company.  ED’s regulations permit ED 
to examine the financial statements of Universal Technical Institute, Inc., the financial statements of each institution 
and  the  financial  statements  of  any  related  party.    Our  composite  score  has  exceeded  the  required  minimum 
composite score of 1.5 for each of our fiscal years since 2004.

Return of Title IV Funds.  An institution participating in Title IV Programs must calculate the amount 
of unearned Title IV Program funds that have been disbursed to students who withdraw from their educational 
programs before completing them.  The institution must return those unearned funds to ED or the appropriate 
lending institution in a timely manner, which is generally within 45 days from the date the institution determines 
that the student has withdrawn.

If an institution is cited in an audit or program review for returning Title IV Program funds late for 5% 
or more of the students in the audit or program review sample, the institution must post a letter of credit in favor 
of ED in an amount equal to 25% of the total Title IV Program funds that should have been returned in the previous 
fiscal year.  Our 2013 Title IV compliance audits did not cite any of our institutions for exceeding the 5% late 
payment threshold.

Institution Acquisitions.  When a company acquires an institution that is eligible to participate in Title 
IV Programs, that institution undergoes a change of ownership resulting in a change of control as defined by ED.  
Upon such a change of control, an institution’s eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs is generally suspended 
until it has applied for recertification by ED as an eligible institution under its new ownership which requires that 
the institution also re-establish its state authorization and accreditation.  ED may temporarily and provisionally 
certify an institution seeking approval of a change of control under certain circumstances while ED reviews the 
institution’s application.  The time required for ED to act on such an application may vary substantially.  ED’s 
recertification of an institution following a change of control is typically on a provisional basis.  Our expansion 
plans are based, in part, on our ability to acquire additional institutions and have them certified by ED to participate 
in Title IV Programs following affirmation of state licensure and accreditation.  Although we believe we will be 
able to obtain all necessary approvals from ED, our accrediting commission and the applicable state agencies for 
our expansion plans, we cannot ensure that such approvals will be obtained at all or in a timely manner that will 
not delay or reduce the availability of Title IV Program funds for our students.

Change of Control.  In addition to institution acquisitions, other types of transactions can also cause a 
change of control.  ED and most state education agencies and our accrediting commission have standards pertaining 
to  the  change  of  control  of  institutions,  but  these  standards  are  not  uniform.    ED’s  regulations  describe  some 
transactions that constitute a change of control, including the transfer of a controlling interest in the voting stock 
of an institution or the institution’s parent corporation.  With respect to a publicly-traded corporation, ED regulations 
provide that a change of control occurs in one of two ways: (i) if there is an event that would obligate the corporation 
to file a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC disclosing a change of control or (ii) if the corporation has a 
“Controlling Stockholder”, as defined in ED regulations, that owns or controls through agreement at least 25% of 
the total outstanding voting stock of the corporation and is the largest stockholder of the corporation, and that 
stockholder ceases to own at least 25% of such stock or ceases to be the largest stockholder.  These change of 
control standards are subject to interpretation by ED.  Most of the states and our accrediting commission include 
the sale of a controlling interest of common stock in the definition of a change of control.  A change of control 
under the definition of these agencies would require any affected institution to have its state authorization and 
accreditation reaffirmed by that agency.  The requirements to obtain such reaffirmation from the states and our 
accrediting commission vary widely.

A change of control could occur as a result of future transactions in which our company or institutions 
are involved.  Some corporate re-organizations and some changes in the board of directors are examples of such 
transactions.  Additionally, the potential adverse effects of a change of control could influence future decisions by 
us and our stockholders regarding the sale, purchase, transfer, issuance or redemption of our stock.  If a future 

26

transaction results in a change of control of our company or our institutions, we believe that we will be able to 
obtain all necessary approvals from ED, our accrediting commission and the applicable state education agencies.  
However, we cannot ensure that all such approvals can be obtained at all or in a timely manner that will not delay 
or reduce the availability of Title IV Program funds for our students.

Opening Additional Institutions and Adding Educational Programs.  For-profit educational institutions 
must be authorized by their state education agencies, accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED, 
and be fully operational for two years before applying to ED to participate in Title IV Programs.  However, an 
institution that is certified to participate in Title IV Programs may establish an additional location and apply to 
participate in Title IV Programs at that location without regard to the two-year requirement, if such additional 
location satisfies all other applicable ED eligibility requirements.  Our expansion plans are based, in part, on our 
ability to open new campuses as additional locations of our existing institutions and take into account ED’s approval 
requirements.  Currently, all of our institutions are eligible to offer Title IV Program funding.   

A student may use Title IV Program funds only to pay the costs associated with enrollment in an eligible 
educational program offered by an institution participating in Title IV Programs.  Our expansion plans are based, 
in part, on our ability to add new educational programs at our existing institutions.  Generally, an institution that 
is eligible to participate in Title IV Programs, and is not provisionally certified, may add a new educational program 
without ED approval if:

• 

• 

the new program is licensed by the applicable state agency, accredited by an agency recognized 
by ED and leads to an associate level or higher degree and the institution already offered programs 
at that level; or
the  new  program  meets  minimum  length  requirements  and  prepares  students  for  gainful 
employment in the same or a related occupation as an educational program that has previously 
been designated as an eligible program at that institution.  

Some of the state education agencies and our accrediting commission also have requirements that may 
affect our institutions’ ability to open a new location, establish an additional location of an existing institution or 
begin offering a new or revised educational program.  We do not believe that these standards will create significant 
obstacles to our expansion plans.  

Administrative Capability.  ED assesses the administrative capability of each institution that participates 
in Title IV Programs under a series of separate standards.  Failure to satisfy any of the standards may lead ED to 
find the institution ineligible to participate in Title IV Programs, require the institution to repay Title IV Program 
funds, change the method of payment of Title IV Program funds or place the institution on provisional certification 
as a condition of its continued participation.  

Eligibility and Certification Procedures.  The HEA specifies the manner in which ED reviews institutions 
for eligibility and certification to participate in Title IV Programs. Every educational institution seeking Title IV 
Program  funding  for  its  students  must  be  certified  to  participate  and  is  required  to  periodically  renew  this 
certification.  Each institution must apply to ED for continued certification to participate in Title IV Programs at 
least every six years, or if it undergoes a change of control.  Furthermore, an institution may come under ED review 
if it expands its activities in certain ways such as opening an additional location or raising the highest academic 
credential it offers.  The Program Participation Agreement (PPA) document serves as ED’s formal authorization 
of an institution and its associated additional locations to participate in Title IV Programs for a specified period of 
time.  Universal Technical Institute of Arizona and Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix were recertified in 
October 2010 and entered into new PPAs with ED which will expire on June 30, 2016.  Universal Technical Institute 
of Texas was recertified in February 2012 and entered into a new PPA with ED which will expire March 31, 2018.  

Compliance with Regulatory Standards and Effect of Regulatory Violations.  Our institutions are subject 
to audits and program compliance reviews by various external agencies, including ED, ED’s Office of Inspector 

27

General, state education agencies, student loan guaranty agencies, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and 
our accrediting commission.  Each of our institutions’ administration of Title IV Program funds must also be audited 
annually by independent accountants and the resulting audit report submitted to ED for review.  If ED or another 
regulatory agency determined that one of our institutions improperly disbursed Title IV Program funds or violated 
a provision of the HEA or ED’s regulations, that institution could be required to repay such funds and could be 
assessed an administrative fine.  ED could also transfer the institution from the advance method of receiving Title 
IV Program funds to a cash monitoring or reimbursement system, which could negatively impact cash flow at an 
institution.  Significant violations of Title IV Program requirements by us or any of our institutions could be the 
basis for a proceeding by ED to fine the affected institution or to limit, suspend or terminate the participation of 
the affected institution in Title IV Programs.  Generally, such a termination extends for 18 months before the 
institution may apply for reinstatement of its participation.  There is no ED proceeding pending to fine any of our 
institutions or to limit, suspend or terminate any of our institutions’ participation in Title IV Programs, and we 
have  no  written  notice  that  any  such  proceeding  is  currently  contemplated.    Violations  of  Title  IV  Program 
requirements could also subject us or our institutions to other civil and criminal penalties.

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS 

We provide the following cautionary discussion of risks, uncertainties and possibly inaccurate assumptions 
relevant to our business.  These are factors that, individually or in the aggregate, could cause our actual results 
to differ materially from expected and historical results.  We note these factors for investors within the meaning 
of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  
You should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors.  Consequently, you should not 
consider the following to be a complete discussion of all potential risks or uncertainties.

Risks Related to Our Industry

Failure of our schools to comply with the extensive regulatory requirements for school operations could result 
in financial penalties, restrictions on our operations and loss of external financial aid funding.

In 2013, we derived approximately 68% of our revenues, on a cash basis, from federal student financial 
aid programs, referred to in this Report on Form 10-K as Title IV Programs, administered by ED.  To participate 
in Title IV Programs, an institution must receive and maintain authorization by the appropriate state education 
agencies, be accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED and be certified as an eligible institution 
by ED.  As a result, our institutions are subject to extensive regulation by the state education agencies, our accrediting 
commission  and  ED.   These  regulatory  requirements  cover  the  vast  majority  of  our  operations,  including  our 
educational  programs,  facilities,  instructional  and  administrative  staff,  administrative  procedures,  marketing, 
recruiting, financial operations and financial condition.  These regulatory requirements also affect our ability to 
acquire, expand or open additional institutions or campuses, add new, or expand our existing educational programs 
and change our corporate structure and ownership.  Most ED requirements are applied on an institutional basis, 
with an “institution” defined by ED as a main campus and its additional locations, if any.  Under ED’s definition, 
we have three such institutions.  The state education agencies, our accrediting commission and ED periodically 
revise their requirements and modify their interpretations of existing requirements.

If our institutions failed to comply with any of these regulatory requirements, our regulatory agencies 
could impose monetary penalties, place limitations on our schools’ operations, terminate our schools’ ability to 
grant degrees and diplomas, revoke our schools’ accreditation or terminate their eligibility to receive Title IV 
Program funds, each of which could adversely affect our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition, 
and impose significant operating restrictions upon us.  We cannot predict with certainty how all of these regulatory 
requirements will be applied or whether each of our schools will be able to comply with all of the requirements in 
the future.  We believe that we have described the most significant regulatory risks that apply to our schools in the 
following paragraphs.

28

Failure to maintain eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs could materially and adversely affect our 
business. 

To participate in Title IV Programs, an institution must be authorized to offer its programs by the relevant 
state education agencies, be accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED and be certified as eligible 
by ED.  The substantial amount of federal funds disbursed through Title IV Programs, the large number of students 
and institutions participating in those programs and instances of fraud and abuse have prompted ED to exercise 
significant regulatory oversight over institutions participating in Title IV Programs.  Accrediting commissions and 
state agencies also oversee compliance with both their respective standards and with Title IV Program requirements.  
As a result, each of our institutions is subject to detailed oversight and review and must comply with a complex 
framework of frequently changing laws and regulations and subjective regulatory interpretation of these obligations 
by various regulating entities.  Because ED periodically revises its regulations and changes its interpretation of 
existing laws and regulations, we cannot predict with certainty how Title IV Program requirements will be applied 
in all circumstances.  Additionally, given the complex nature of the regulations, the fact that they are subject to 
multiple interpretations, a stated department policy of providing limited or no interpretive guidance and the large 
volume of Title IV transactions in which we are involved, it is reasonable to conclude that, from time to time, in 
the conduct of our business, we may inadvertently violate such regulations.  In such an event, remedial action may 
be necessary, regulatory proceedings could occur and regulatory penalties could be assessed.

Significant  factors  relating  to  Title  IV  Program  eligibility  that  could  adversely  affect  us  include  the 

following:

State Authorization

A campus that grants degrees or diplomas must be authorized by the relevant education agency of the 
state in which it is located.  Requirements for authorization vary substantially among states.  State authorization 
is also required for students to be eligible for funding under Title IV Programs.  Loss of state authorization by any 
of our campuses from the education agency of the state in which the campus is located would end that campus’ 
eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs and could cause us to close the campus, which could have a material 
impact on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.  

Accreditation 

A school must be accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED in order to participate in 
Title IV Programs. Loss of accreditation by any of our campuses would end that campus’ participation in Title IV 
Programs and could cause us to close the campus, which could have a material impact on our cash flows, results 
of operations and financial condition.  A change in accreditation to a more restrictive or monitored status could 
restrict our ability to add new programs, open new campuses or increase recruitment activity.  

29

The “90/10 Rule”

Under the “90/10 Rule,” a for-profit institution loses its eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs if 
it derives more than 90% of its revenue from those programs for two consecutive institutional fiscal years, under 
a cash-basis calculation mandated by ED.  The period of ineligibility covers at least the next two succeeding fiscal 
years, and any Title IV Program funds already received by the institution and its students during the period of 
ineligibility would have to be returned to ED, if DL loans were included in the calculation.  If an institution exceeds 
the 90% level for a single year, ED will place the institution on provisional certification for a period of at least two 
years.  If we are placed on provisional certification status for any reason, ED may more closely view any application 
we file for recertification, new locations, new educational programs, revisions to existing educational programs, 
acquisitions of other schools, increase in degree level or other significant changes.  Furthermore, for an institution 
that is provisionally certified, ED may revoke the institution’s certification without advance notice or advance 
opportunity to challenge the action.  In our 2013 fiscal year, under the regulatory formula prescribed by ED, each 
of our institutions derived approximately 66% - 69% of its revenues from Title IV Programs.  

Multiple legislative proposals have been introduced in Congress that would increase the requirements of 
the 90/10 Rule, such as reducing the 90% maximum under the rule to 85% and/or including military and veteran 
funding in the 90% portion of the calculation.  If any of our institutions loses eligibility to participate in Title IV 
Programs, such a loss would adversely affect our students’ access to Title IV Program funds they need to pay their 
educational expenses, which could reduce our student population and would have a material impact on our cash 
flows, results of operations and financial condition.  
Federal Student Loan Defaults  

An institution may lose its eligibility to participate in some or all Title IV Programs if its former students 
default on the repayment of their federal student loans in excess of specified levels.  Based upon the most recent 
student loan default rates published by ED, none of our institutions have federal student loan default rates that 
exceed the specified levels.  If any of our institutions loses eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs because 
of high student loan default rates, such a loss would adversely affect our students’ access to various Title IV Program 
funds which could reduce our student population and would have a material impact on our cash flows, results of 
operations  and  financial  condition.    See  “Business-Regulatory  Environment-Regulation  of  Federal  Student 
Financial Aid  Programs-Federal  Student  Loan  Defaults”  included  elsewhere  in  this  Report  on  Form  10-K  for 
additional information.

Financial Responsibility Standards

To participate in Title IV Programs, an institution must satisfy specific measures of financial responsibility 
prescribed by ED or post a letter of credit in favor of ED and possibly accept other conditions on its participation 
in Title IV Programs.  The operating conditions that may be placed on a school that does not meet the standards 
of financial responsibility include being transferred from the advance payment method of receiving Title IV Program 
funds to either the reimbursement or the heightened cash monitoring system, which could result in a significant 
delay in the institution’s receipt of those funds or increased administrative costs related to those funds.  We are not 
currently required to post a letter of credit on behalf of any of our schools and are not subject to additional operating 
conditions.  We may be required to post letters of credit in the future, which could increase our costs of regulatory 
compliance, or change the timing of receipt of Title IV Program funds.  Our inability to obtain a required letter of 
credit or the imposition of other limitations on our participation in Title IV Programs could limit our students’ 
access to Title IV Program funds, which could reduce our student population and could have a material impact on 
our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.  

30

 
Return of Title IV Funds

A school participating in Title IV Programs must correctly calculate and return funds received for students 
who withdraw before completing their educational programs whose aid exceeds the amount earned under Title IV 
Program guidelines.  Returns must be completed in a timely manner, generally within 45 days of the date the school 
determines that the student has withdrawn.  If the unearned funds are not properly calculated or timely returned, 
we may be required to post a letter of credit in favor of ED, pay interest on the late repayment of funds, or be 
otherwise sanctioned by ED, which could increase our cost of regulatory compliance and adversely affect our 
results of operations.  Additionally, the failure to timely return Title IV Program funds also could result in the 
termination of eligibility to receive such funds going forward or the imposition of other sanctions.  Any of these 
results could have a material impact on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.  Given the 
complex  nature  of  the  regulations  applicable  to  Title  IV  refunds  and  the  fact  they  are  subject  to  multiple 
interpretations, and the large volume of such transactions in which we are involved, it is reasonable to conclude 
that, from time to time, in the conduct of our business, we may inadvertently violate such regulations.  In such an 
event, remedial actions may be necessary, regulatory proceedings could occur and regulatory penalties could be 
assessed.

Administrative Capability

ED regulations specify extensive criteria an institution must satisfy to establish that it has the requisite 
“administrative capability” to participate in Title IV Programs.  These criteria require, among other things, that the 
institution: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

comply with all Title IV Program regulations; 

have capable and sufficient personnel to administer Title IV Programs;

have acceptable methods of defining and measuring the satisfactory academic progress of its students; 

administer the Title IV Programs with adequate checks and balances in its system of internal controls 
over financial reporting; 

divide the function of authorizing and disbursing or delivering Title IV Program funds so that no 
office has the responsibility for both functions; 

establish and maintain records required under the Title IV Program regulations;

develop and apply an adequate system to identify and resolve discrepancies in information from 
sources regarding a student’s application for financial aid under Title IV Programs; 

do not have a student loan cohort default rate above specified levels;

refer to the Office of the Inspector General any credible information indicating that any applicant, 
student, employee or agent of the institution has been engaged in any fraud or other illegal conduct 
involving Title IV Programs;

not be, and not have any principal or affiliate who is, debarred or suspended from federal contracting 
or engaging in activity that is the cause of debarment or suspension;

provide adequate financial aid counseling to its students;

timely submit all reports and financial statements required by the regulations; and

31

 
• 

not otherwise appear to lack administrative capability. 

If an institution fails to satisfy any of these criteria, ED may:

• 

• 

• 

• 

require the repayment of Title IV Program funds;

impose a less favorable payment system for the institution’s receipt of Title IV Program funds; 

place the institution on provisional certification status; or

commence a proceeding to impose a fine or to limit, suspend or terminate the participation of the 
institution in Title IV Programs.

If we fail to maintain administrative capability as defined by ED, we could lose our eligibility to participate 
in Title IV Programs or have that eligibility adversely conditioned, which could have a material impact on our cash 
flows, results of operations and financial condition. 

The loss of funds from Veterans' Benefits programs could materially and adversely affect our business.

To participate in veterans' benefits programs, including the Post-9/11 GI Bill, the Montgomery GI Bill, 
the REAP, and VA Vocational Rehabilitation, an institution must comply with certain requirements established by 
the VA.  These criteria require, among other things, that the institution: 

• 

report on the enrollment status of eligible students;

•  maintain student records and make such records available for inspection;

• 

• 

follow current VA rules; and

comply with applicable limits on the percentage of students receiving certain veterans benefits on a 
program or campus basis.

If  we  fail  to  comply  with  these  requirements,  we  could  lose  our  eligibility  to  participate  in  veterans' 

benefits programs, which could reduce our student population.  

Other considerations which could impact the funding we receive from veterans' benefits programs include 

the following:

•  Access to military installations.  Recently, our access to military installations for student recruitment has 
become more limited due to the changes described in “Business-Regulatory Environment-Other Federal 
and State Programs” included elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K. Restrictions on access necessary 
to continue to develop awareness of our programs with this population could reduce our enrollments. 

• 

90/10 rule changes.  Multiple legislative proposals have been introduced in Congress that would increase 
the requirements of the 90/10 Rule, such as reducing the 90% maximum under the rule to 85% and/or 
including military and veteran funding in the 90% portion of the calculation. Implementation of these 
proposals could have a negative impact on our 90/10 ratio which could have a negative impact on our 
eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs. If any of our institutions loses eligibility to participate in 
Title IV Programs, such a loss could adversely affect our students’ access to Title IV Program funds they 
need to pay their educational expenses which could reduce our enrollments and have a material impact 
on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

32

 
 
 
 
•  Funding  for  veterans  benefits  programs.  Funding  for  veterans'  benefits  programs  is  dependent  upon 
Congressional appropriations. If appropriations are not maintained at the current level, or if an extended 
government shutdown were to occur, the VA might not be able to continue funding veterans' benefits.  

Any loss of funds from veterans' benefits programs could reduce our student population and have a material 

impact on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.  

A substantial decrease in student financing options, or a significant increase in financing costs for our 
students, could have a negative effect on our student population and consequently, on our cash flows,  results 
of operations and financial condition.

The student loan market has undergone significant changes in the past few years including increased 
regulations from the HEA reauthorization in 2008, elimination of the FFEL program in 2010, implementation of 
more stringent PLUS loan credit requirements and contraction in credit markets that has reduced availability of 
federal and private student loans for certain institutions and/or students.  Many banks and lending institutions have 
discontinued their private student loan programs.  Those that have stayed in the market have increased financing 
costs, both rates and fees, to offset the risks associated with offering unsecured debt.  Additionally, the broader 
economic environment has put pressure on students’ ability to repay their loans, resulting in higher default rates.  
These factors may result in lending institutions continuing to exit the student loan market and for other providers 
to determine not to enter the market, which could decrease the availability of alternative loans to postsecondary 
students, including students with low credit scores who would not otherwise be eligible for credit-based alternative 
loans that seek to enroll.  Prospective students may find that increased financing costs make borrowing to fund 
their education unattractive and motivate them to abandon or delay enrollment in postsecondary education programs 
such as ours.  Tight credit markets may also move private lenders to impose on us and on our prospective and 
continuing students new or increased fees in order to provide alternative loans.  If any of these scenarios were to 
occur, in whole or in part, our students’ ability to finance their education could be adversely affected and could 
result in a decrease in our student population and result in decreased profitability.

Congress may change the law or reduce funding for or place restrictions on the use of funds received through 
Title IV Programs which could reduce our student population, revenues and/or profit margin.

Congress periodically revises the HEA and other laws, and enacts new laws, governing Title IV Programs 
and annually determines the funding level for each Title IV Program.  Congress most recently reauthorized the 
HEA in 2008.  Any action by Congress that significantly reduces funding for Title IV Programs or the ability of 
our schools or students to receive funding through these programs or places restrictions on the use of funds received 
by an organization through these programs could reduce our student population and revenues. 

Congressional action may also require us to modify our practices in ways that could increase administrative 
costs,  reduce  the  ability  of  students  to  finance  their  education  at  our  schools,  and  materially decrease  student 
enrollment and result in decreased profitability.

Continued Congressional examination of the for-profit education sector could result in legislation or further 
ED rulemaking restricting Title IV Program participation by for-profit schools in a manner that materially and 
adversely affects our business. 

Congress continues to be focused on for-profit education institutions, specifically regarding participation 
in Title IV Programs and U.S. Department of Defense oversight of tuition assistance for military service members 
attending for-profit colleges. For a description of additional information regarding this activity, see “Business-
Regulatory Environment-Regulation of Federal Student Financial Aid Programs-Congressional Action” included 
elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K.

33

 
 
This Congressional activity could result in the enactment of more stringent legislation by Congress, further 
rulemakings affecting participation in Title IV Programs and other governmental actions, increasing regulation of 
the for-profit sector.  Action by Congress may also increase our administrative costs and require us to modify our 
practices in order for our institutions to comply with Title IV Program requirements.  In addition, concerns generated 
by this Congressional activity may adversely affect enrollment in for-profit educational institutions such as ours.  
Any laws that are adopted that limit our or our students’ participation in Title IV Programs or in programs to provide 
funds for active duty service members and veterans or the amount of student financial aid for which our students 
are eligible, or any decreases in enrollment related to the Congressional activity concerning this sector, could have 
a material impact on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.  

Compliance with the Title IV Program Integrity regulations and ongoing negotiated rulemaking could materially 
and adversely affect our business. 

  Since publication of the program integrity regulations in 2010, ED has issued interpretive guidance on 
the regulations in the form of multiple Dear Colleague Letters to institutions. The letters provide sub-regulatory 
guidance on certain aspects of the regulations which assists institutions with understanding the regulations in these 
areas.  The laws and regulations governing certain of the requirements do not establish clear criteria for compliance, 
and ED has indicated that they do not intend to provide additional guidance on certain topics.

The regulations that most significantly impact our business are:

• 

• 
• 

determining when a program of study is required to measure student progress in clock hours and the 
assignment of credit hours; 
the elimination of the 12 safe harbors regarding the incentive compensation prohibition; and
the  revised  definition  of  "substantial  misrepresentation"  that  could  impose  enhanced  liability  on 
institutions of higher education.

Additionally, ED has established a negotiated rulemaking committee to prepare proposed regulations to 
establish standards for programs that prepare students for gainful employment in a recognized occupation. The 
proposed new standards published on November 8, 2013 related to gainful employment are stricter and more 
complex than an earlier version which was published on August 29, 2013. At this time, we cannot anticipate the 
impact that the standards, when finalized, will have on us. 

For a description of additional information regarding these regulatory changes, see “Business-Regulatory 
Environment-Regulation of Federal Student Financial Aid Programs-Program Integrity” included elsewhere in 
this Report on Form 10-K. 

We have devoted significant effort to understanding the effects of these regulations on our business and 
to developing compliant solutions that are also congruent with our business, culture and mission to serve our 
students and industry relationships. However, these solutions related to implementation and compliance with these 
final rules, including but not limited to compensation, the definition of a credit hour, the broadened definition of 
misrepresentation and gainful employment, to the extent revised or reinstated in the future, may have a material 
impact on the manner in which we conduct our business, our student populations and the nature of our programs. 
Interpretation of the regulations is subject to change if ED provides further guidance and clarification. The solutions 
may require further analysis based on the uncertainty noted above and any additional interpretive guidance that is 
provided.    Existing  or  future  understandings  could  be  different  from  ED’s  interpretations  and  thus  lead  to 
repayments, restrictions, fines or litigation.  

34

 
 
Our business could be harmed if we experience a disruption in our ability to process student loans under the 
Federal Direct Loan Program. 

 Because all Title IV Program student loans other than the Perkins loans are now processed under the DL 
program, any processing disruptions by ED may impact our students’ ability to obtain student loans on a timely 
basis.  If we experience a disruption in our ability to process student loans through the DL program, either because 
of administrative challenges on our part or the inability of ED to process the increased volume of loans through 
the DL program on a timely basis, our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely 
and materially affected.

Limited  opportunities  for  private  alternative  student  loans  for  our  students  could  increase  the  need  for 
institutional funding, which could have a material impact on our business, results of operations and financial 
condition.

The current state of the national economy and generalized lending crisis has led to a contracted lending 
environment, resulting in limited lender choices for students who need a private alternative loan to meet gaps 
between Title IV Program funding and cost of education.  Furthermore, lender underwriting criteria has been much 
more stringent, resulting in fewer prospective borrowers being approved for their loans.  As lenders seek to reduce 
their risk on portfolios of new alternative loans, we have seen many lenders move to shift their target markets 
exclusively  to  four-year  baccalaureate  degree  schools.    We  currently  have  a  list  of  seven  private  unaffiliated 
alternative loan providers to assist new borrowers in selecting a lender, with two of these lenders providing the 
vast majority of our private alternative student loans.  If these lenders decided to decline to lend to students attending 
our schools, and we were not able to find alternative lenders, the demand for our proprietary loan program could 
increase, requiring us to devote greater than planned resources which could have a material impact on our cash 
flows, results of operations and financial condition.

Government and regulatory agencies and third parties may conduct compliance reviews, bring claims or initiate 
litigation against us.

Because we operate in a highly regulated industry, we are subject to compliance reviews and claims of 
noncompliance  by  government  agencies,  regulatory  agencies  and  third  parties  alleging  noncompliance  with 
applicable standards.  We are also subject to various lawsuits, investigations and claims, covering a wide range of 
matters, including, but not limited to alleged violations of federal and state laws, false claims made to the federal 
government and routine employment matters.  While we are committed to strict compliance with all applicable 
laws,  regulations  and  accrediting  standards,  if  the  results  of  government,  regulatory  or  third  party  reviews  or 
proceedings are unfavorable to us, or if we are unable to defend successfully against lawsuits or claims, we may 
be required to pay monetary damages or be subject to fines, limitations, loss of regulatory approvals or Title IV 
Program  funding,  injunctions  or  other  penalties.   We  could  also  incur  substantial  legal  costs  in  excess  of  our 
insurance coverage.  Even if we adequately address issues raised by an agency review or successfully defend a 
lawsuit or claim, we may have to divert significant financial and management resources from our ongoing business 
operations to address issues raised by those reviews or defend those lawsuits or claims.  Additionally, given the 
significant public scrutiny being placed on the sector, numerous state attorneys general have initiated investigations 
either of the operation of the for-profit schools in their state or of particular institutions operating in that state.  

As previously disclosed, in November 2011, one of our former employees filed a lawsuit under the Federal 
False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. § 3729, et seq.) (FCA Suit) in the United States District Court for the District of 
Arizona  Court,  alleging  that  our  compensation  of  our  admissions  representatives  violated  the  “incentive 
compensation ban” of Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, amongst other potential violations 
allegedly occurring over a number of years. We also disclosed that the same former employee had filed a complaint 
with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) alleging retaliatory 
employment practices in violation of the whistleblower provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended 
(DOL Complaint).  

35

 
 
As also previously disclosed, the U.S. Department of Justice informed us that it had declined to intervene 
in the FCA Suit and closed its investigation and the DOL closed its investigation.  Further, we separately entered 
into a settlement agreement with the former employee, Linda Rawles, a former Vice President of Compliance, 
pursuant to which these matters were dismissed and all of her claims against us were resolved.  The settlement 
agreement provided that, in return for the dismissal of her claims, the former employee received a payment only 
with  respect  to  her  claims  in  the  DOL  Complaint.  Our  expense  under  the  settlement  agreement,  following 
contribution by our insurer, was approximately $0.4 million and was recorded during the three months ended 
September 30, 2013. The settlement agreement provides that we and all other defendants named in the FCA Suit 
and the DOL Complaint (Universal Technical Institute of Arizona, Inc., Universal Technical Institute of Delaware, 
Inc.,  Universal Technical  Institute  of  Massachusetts,  Inc.,  Universal Technical  Institute  of  Pennsylvania,  Inc., 
Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix, Inc., Universal Technical Institute of Texas, Inc, Kimberly and Chris 
McWaters and Eugene and Jane Doe Putnam) expressly deny any liability, wrongdoing, noncompliance or violation 
of applicable law or regulation.

In September 2012, we received a Civil Investigative Demand (CID) from the Attorney General of the 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts related to a pending investigation in connection with allegations that we caused 
false claims to be submitted to the Commonwealth relating to student loans, guarantees and grants provided to 
students at our Norwood, Massachusetts campus. The CID required us to produce documents and provide written 
testimony regarding a broad range of the Company’s business from September 2006 to the present. We responded 
timely to the request, as well as a follow-up requests for additional information.  At this time, we cannot predict 
the eventual scope, duration, outcome or associated costs of this request and accordingly we have not recorded 
any liability in the accompanying financial statements.

In October 2012 and January 2013, the ACCSC requested certain documentation related to the preliminary 
investigation by the United States Department of Justice. Pursuant to applicable law and the United States’ request, 
we were not able to provide the information requested and notified ACCSC as such. In October 2013, we informed 
the ACCSC of the declination of intervention and closing of investigations as well as the settlement of the former 
employee’s claims. In addition, at ACCSC’s request, we have provided ACCSC with documentation relating to 
the actions taken by the Court and the Government. At this time, we cannot predict the eventual scope, duration, 
outcome  or  associated  costs,  if  any,  of  this  request  and  accordingly  we  have  not  recorded  any  liability  in  the 
accompanying financial statements.

We cannot predict the ultimate outcome of unsettled matters and we may incur significant defense costs 
and other expenses in connection with them in excess of our insurance coverage related to these matters. We may 
be required to pay substantial damages or settlement costs, or may be required to pay substantial fines or penalties. 
Such costs and expenses could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, results of operations 
and financial condition.  An adverse outcome in any of these matters could also materially and adversely affect 
our licenses, accreditation and eligibility to participate in Title IV programs.

36

 
 
 
   
Our business and stock price could be adversely affected as a result of regulatory investigations of, or actions 
commenced against, us or other companies in our industry.

The operations of companies in the education and training services industry, including UTI, are subject 
to intense regulatory scrutiny. In some cases, allegations of wrongdoing on the part of such companies have resulted 
in formal or informal investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice, the SEC, state governmental agencies and 
ED.  These allegations have attracted adverse media coverage and have been the subject of legislative hearings 
and regulatory actions at both the federal and state levels, focusing not only on the individual schools but in some 
cases on the for-profit postsecondary education sector as a whole.  These investigations of specific companies in 
the education and training services industry could have a negative impact on our industry as a whole and on our 
stock  price.    Furthermore,  the  outcome  of  such  investigations  and  any  accompanying  adverse  publicity  could 
negatively affect student enrollment, which could have a material impact on our cash flows, results of operations 
and financial condition.

Changes in the state regulatory environment, including budget constraints, may affect our ability to obtain 
necessary authorizations or approvals from those states to conduct or change our operations.

Due to state budget constraints and changes in the regulatory environment in some of the states in which 
we operate, it is possible that some states may reduce the number of employees in, or curtail the operations of, the 
state education agencies that authorize our schools.  A delay or refusal by any state education agency in approving 
any changes in our operations that require state approval, such as the opening of a new campus, the introduction 
of new programs or the revision of existing programs, a change of control or the hiring or placement of new 
admissions representatives, could prevent us from making such changes or could delay our ability to make such 
changes.

The regulations may lengthen the time to obtain necessary state approvals and may increase the nature 
and type of state regulation such that it would require us to modify our operations in order to comply with the 
requirements.  This could impose substantial additional costs on our institutions, which could have a material 
impact on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

Budget constraints in states that provide state financial aid to our students could reduce the amount of such 
financial aid that is available to our students, which could reduce our student population and negatively affect 
our 90/10 Rule calculation.

A  significant  number  of  states  are  facing  budget  constraints  that  are  causing  them  to  reduce  state 
appropriations in a number of areas.  Many of those states provide financial aid to our students.  These and other 
states may decide to reduce or redirect the amount of state financial aid that they provide to students, but we cannot 
predict how significant any of these reductions will be or how long they will last.  If the level of state funding 
available to our students decreases and our students are not able to secure alternative sources of funding, our student 
population could be reduced, which could have a material impact on our profitability.  Additionally, loss of state 
funding would negatively impact our 90/10 Rule calculation, as this funding is counted in the non-Title IV Program 
funds portion of the ratio, and, such loss would drive up the percentage of revenue attributable to Title IV Programs.

Furthermore, the reduction or elimination of these non-Title IV sources of student funding may adversely 
affect our 90/10 Rule calculation and the cost of our compliance with the 90/10 Rule by increasing the proportion 
of the affected students’ funding needs satisfied by Title IV Programs.

37

If regulators do not approve our acquisition of a school that participates in Title IV Program funding or the 
opening of an additional location, the acquired school and/or the additional location would not be permitted to 
participate  in  Title  IV  Programs,  which  could  impair  our  ability  to  operate  the  acquired  school  and/or  the 
additional location as planned or to realize the anticipated benefits from the acquisition of that school and/or 
opening of the additional location.

If we acquire a school that participates in Title IV Program funding and/or open an additional location, 
we must obtain approval from ED and applicable state education agencies and accrediting commissions in order 
for the school and/or additional location to be able to operate and participate in Title IV Programs.  While we would 
attempt to ensure we will be able to receive such approval prior to acquiring a school and/or opening an additional 
location, approval may be withheld.  An acquisition can result in the temporary suspension of the acquired school’s 
participation  in  Title  IV  Programs  and  opening  an  additional  location  can  result  in  a  delay  of  the  campus’ 
participation in Title IV Programs unless we submit a timely and materially complete application for approval of 
the acquisition or the opening of the new location.  Upon an acquisition, ED will only grant a temporary certification 
while it reviews the application.  If we were unable to timely re-establish or establish the state authorization, 
accreditation or ED certification of the acquired school or obtain approval for the new location, our ability to 
operate the acquired school and/or open the additional location as planned or to realize the anticipated benefits 
from the acquisition of that school and/or the opening of the additional location could be impaired.

If regulators do not approve or delay their approval of transactions involving a change of control of our company 
or any of our schools, our ability to participate in Title IV Programs may be impaired.

If we or any of our schools experience a change of control under the standards of applicable state education 
agencies, our accrediting commission or ED, we or the affected schools must seek the approval of the relevant 
regulatory agencies.  These agencies do not have uniform criteria for what constitutes a change of ownership or 
control.  Transactions or events that constitute a change of control include significant acquisitions or dispositions 
of our common stock or significant changes in the composition of our board of directors.  Some of these transactions 
or events may be beyond our control.  Our failure to obtain, or a delay in receiving, approval of any change of 
control from ED, our accrediting commission or any state in which our schools are located would impair our ability 
to participate in Title IV Programs, which would have a material impact on our cash flows, results of operations 
and financial condition.  Our failure to obtain, or a delay in obtaining, approval of any change of control from any 
state in which we do not have a school but in which we recruit students could require us to suspend our recruitment 
of students in that state until we receive the required approval.  The potential adverse effects of a change of control 
with respect to participation in Title IV Programs could influence future decisions by us and our stockholders 
regarding the sale, purchase, transfer, issuance or redemption of our stock.

Risks Related to Our Business

If we fail to effectively fill our existing capacity, we may experience a deterioration of our profitability and 
operating margins.

We have underutilized seating capacity at several of our campuses.  Our ongoing efforts to fill existing 
seating capacity may strain our management, operations, employees or other resources.  We may not be able to 
maintain our current seating capacity utilization rates, effectively manage our operation or achieve planned capacity 
utilization on a timely or profitable basis.  If we are unable to fill our underutilized seating capacity, we may 
experience operating inefficiencies that likely will increase our costs more than we had planned resulting in a 
deterioration of our profitability and operating margins.

38

Our proprietary loan program could have a negative effect on our results of operations.

Our proprietary loan program enables students who have exhausted all available government-sponsored 
or other financial aid and are unable to obtain private loans from other financial institutions to borrow a portion 
of their tuition if they meet certain criteria.

The bank which previously originated loans for our proprietary loan program (original bank) exercised 
its right to terminate the agreement effective April 30, 2013. The original bank subsequently agreed to an extension 
through June 29, 2013. During June 2013, we entered into an agreement with a new bank (the bank), which began 
accepting student loan applications on June 29, 2013.  The terms under the agreement with the new bank are 
substantially the same as the agreement with the original bank. Under the terms of the proprietary loan program, 
the bank originates loans for our students who meet our specific credit criteria with the related proceeds to be used 
exclusively to fund a portion of their tuition.  We then purchase all such loans from the bank at least monthly and 
assume all the related credit and collection risk.  See  Note 2 of the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements 
within Part II, Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of activity under our proprietary loan 
program. 

Factors that may impact our ability to collect these loans include: current economic conditions; compliance 
with  laws  applicable  to  the  origination,  servicing  and  collection  of  loans;  the  quality  of  our  loan  servicers’ 
performance; a decline in graduate employment opportunities and the priority that the borrowers under this loan 
program, particularly students who did not complete or were dissatisfied with their programs of study, attach to 
repaying these loans as compared to other obligations.  Because we record revenues upon the receipt of cash 
payments, if we are unable to collect on these loans, our revenues and profitability may continue to be adversely 
impacted.

Federal, state and local laws and public policy and general principles of equity relating to the protection 
of consumers apply to the origination, servicing and collection of the loans under our proprietary loan program.  
Any violation of the various federal, state and local laws, including, in some instances, violations of these laws by 
parties not under our control, may result in losses on the loans or may limit our ability to collect all or part of the 
principal or interest on the loans.  This may be the case even if we are not directly responsible for the violations 
by such parties.  Changes in laws or public policy could negatively impact the viability of this student loan program 
and cause us to delay or suspend the program.  Additionally, depending on the terms of the loans, state consumer 
credit regulators may assert that our activities in connection with the student loan program require us to obtain one 
or more licenses, registrations or other forms of regulatory approvals, any of which may not be able to be obtained 
in a timely manner, if at all.  All of these factors could result in the proprietary loan program having a material 
adverse effect on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

We rely on third parties to originate, process and service loans under our proprietary loan program.  If these 
companies fail or discontinue providing such services, our business could be harmed.

A state chartered bank with a small market capitalization originates loans under our proprietary loan 
program.  If the bank no longer provides service under the contract, we do not currently have an alternative bank 
to fulfill the demand.  There are a limited number of banks that are willing to participate in a program such as our 
proprietary loan program.  The time it could take us to replace the bank could result in an interruption in the loan 
origination process which could result in a decrease in our student populations.  Furthermore, a single company 
processes loan applications and services the loans under our proprietary loan program.  There is a 90-day termination 
clause in the contract under which they provide these services.  If this company were to terminate the contract, we 
could experience an interruption in loan application processing or loan servicing, which could result in a decrease 
in our student populations.

39

Failure  on  our  part  to  maintain  and  expand  existing  industry  relationships  and  develop  new  industry 
relationships with our industry customers could impair our ability to attract and retain students.

We have extensive industry relationships that we believe afford us significant competitive strength and 
support our market leadership.  These relationships enable us to support undergraduate enrollment by attracting 
students through brand name recognition and the associated prospect of high-quality employment opportunities.  
Additionally, these relationships allow us to diversify funding sources, expand the scope and increase the number 
of programs we offer and reduce our costs and capital expenditures due to the fact that, pursuant to the terms of 
the underlying contracts with OEMs, we provide a variety of specialized training programs and typically do so 
using tools, equipment and vehicles provided by the OEMs.  These relationships also provide additional incremental 
revenue opportunities from training the employees of our industry customers.  Our success depends in part on our 
ability to maintain and expand our existing industry relationships and to enter into new industry relationships.  
Certain of our existing industry relationships, including those with American Honda Motor Co. Inc.; Mercury 
Marine, a division of Brunswick Corp.; Suzuki Motor of America, Inc.; Volvo Penta of the Americas, Inc. and 
Yamaha Motor Corp., USA, are not memorialized in writing and are based on verbal understandings.  As a result, 
the rights of the parties under these arrangements are less clearly defined than they would be had they been in 
writing.  Additionally, certain of our written agreements may be terminated without cause by the OEM.  Finally, 
certain  of  our  existing  industry  relationship  agreements  expire  within  the  next  six  months.   We  are  currently 
negotiating to renew these agreements and intend to renew them to the extent we can do so on satisfactory terms.  
The reduction or elimination of, or failure to renew any of our existing industry relationships, or our failure to 
enter into new industry relationships, could impair our ability to attract and retain students, require additional 
capital expenditures or increase expenses and have a material adverse effect on our cash flows.  

Competition could decrease our market share and create tuition pricing concerns.

The postsecondary education market is highly competitive. The elimination of ability-to-benefit options 
for  establishing  general  student  eligibility  for  Title  IV  Program  funds  beginning  July  1,  2012  has  increased 
competition for higher quality students. Some traditional public and private colleges and universities and community 
colleges, as well as other private career-oriented schools, offer programs that may be perceived by students to be 
similar to ours.  Most public institutions are able to charge lower tuition than our schools, due in part to government 
subsidies and other financial sources not available to for-profit schools.  Some other for-profit education providers 
have  greater  financial  and  other  resources  which  may,  among  other  things,  allow  them  to  secure  industry 
relationships with some or all of the OEMs with which we have relationships, develop other high profile industry 
relationships or devote more resources to expanding their programs and their school network, all of which could 
affect the success of our marketing programs. Additionally, some other for-profit education providers already have 
a more extended or dense network of schools and campuses than we do, thus enabling them to recruit students 
more effectively from a wider geographic area.

We may limit tuition increases or increase spending in response to competition in order to retain or attract 
students or pursue new market opportunities; however, if we cannot effectively respond to competitor changes, it 
could reduce our enrollments and our student populations.  We cannot be sure that we will be able to compete 
successfully against current or future competitors or that competitive pressures faced by us will not adversely affect 
our market share, revenues and operating margin.

40

Our success depends in part on our ability to update and expand the content of existing programs and develop 
new programs in a cost-effective manner and on a timely basis.

Prospective  employers  of  our  graduates  demand  that  their  entry-level  employees  possess  appropriate 
technological skills. These skills are becoming more sophisticated in line with technological advancements in the 
automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine industries.  Accordingly, educational programs at our 
schools must keep pace with those technological advancements.  Additionally, the method used to deliver curriculum 
has been evolving to include on-line delivery.  The expansion of our existing programs and the development of 
new  programs,  including  our Automotive Technology  and  Diesel Technology  II  curricula,  and  changes  in  the 
method in which we deliver them, may not be accepted by our students, prospective employers or the technical 
education market.  Even if we are able to develop acceptable new programs, we may not be able to introduce these 
new programs as quickly as the industries we serve require or as quickly as our competitors.  If we are unable to 
adequately respond to changes in market requirements due to unusually rapid technological changes or other factors, 
our ability to attract and retain students could be impaired and our graduate employment rates could suffer.

Our Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II curricula are a blend of daily instructor-led theory 
and hands-on lab training complimented by interactive web-based learning, which is reflective of current industry 
training methods and standards.  The blended learning model combines several methodologies for communicating 
training  information  and  incorporates  on-site  classes,  real-time  web-based  learning  sessions  and  independent 
learning and is the standard used by our OEMs to provide continuous technical education.  If we are unable to 
address and respond to requirements such as training instructors to teach the curricula, develop an IT infrastructure 
that would effectively support this program, or obtain the appropriate equipment to teach this program to our 
students, we may not be able to successfully roll out the curricula to our existing campuses in a timely, and cost-
effective manner.  If we are not able to effectively and efficiently integrate the curricula or experience delays in 
development,  this  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  cash  flows,  results  of  operations  and  financial 
condition.

Macroeconomic conditions, particularly unemployment, could adversely affect our business.  

The U.S. economy and the economies of other key industrialized countries are experiencing difficult and 
uncertain economic characteristics.  We believe that our enrollment is affected by changes in economic conditions, 
although the nature and magnitude of this effect are uncertain and may change over time.  While these conditions 
may have contributed to a portion of the past growth in our average full-time undergraduate student population as 
individuals sought to advance their education and improve their employment opportunities, during periods when 
the unemployment rate declines or remains stable as it has in 2012 and 2013, prospective students have more 
employment options and recruiting new students has traditionally been more challenging.  Affordability concerns 
associated with increased living expenses and the availability of full- and part-time jobs for students attending 
classes have made it more challenging for us to attract and retain students.  The state of the general macroeconomic 
environment has had a negative impact on price sensitivity and on the ability and willingness of students and their 
families to incur debt.  Furthermore, these circumstances may continue to reduce the willingness of employers to 
sponsor educational opportunities for their employees, and affect the ability of our students to find employment 
in the auto, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle or marine industries, any of which could materially and adversely 
affect our business, cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

Adverse market conditions for consumer and federally guaranteed student loans, such as the elimination 
of Pell, could adversely impact the ability of borrowers with little or poor credit history, such as many of our 
students, to borrow the necessary funds at an acceptable interest rate.  These events could adversely affect the 
ability or willingness of our former students to repay student loans, which could increase our student loan cohort 
default rate and require increased time, attention and resources to manage these defaults.

41

We rely heavily on the reliability and performance of an internally developed student management and reporting 
system, and any difficulties in maintaining this system may result in service interruptions, decreased customer 
service, or increased expenditures.

The software that underlies our student management and reporting has been developed primarily by our 
own employees.  The reliability and continuous availability of this internal system and related integrations are 
critical to our business.  Any interruptions that hinder our ability to timely deliver our services, or that materially 
impact the efficiency or cost with which we provide these services, or our ability to attract and retain computer 
programmers with knowledge of the appropriate computer programming language, would adversely affect our 
reputation and profitability and our ability to conduct business and  prepare financial reports.  Additionally, many 
of the software systems we currently use will need to be enhanced over time or replaced with equivalent commercial 
products, either of which could entail considerable effort and expense.

System disruptions and security threats to our computer networks could have a material adverse effect on our 
business.

Our computer systems as well as those of our service providers are vulnerable to interruption, malfunction 
or damage due to events beyond our control, including malicious human acts committed by foreign or domestic 
persons,  natural  disasters,  and  network  and  communications  failures.    Furthermore,  despite  network  security 
measures, our servers and the servers at our service providers are potentially vulnerable to physical or electronic 
unauthorized  access,  computer  hackers,  computer  viruses,  malicious  code,  organized  cyber  attacks  and  other 
security problems and system disruptions.  Despite the precautions we and our service providers have taken, our 
systems may still be vulnerable to these threats.  A user who circumvents security measures could misappropriate 
proprietary or personally identifiable information or cause interruptions or malfunctions in operations. Sustained 
or repeated system failures or security breaches that interrupt our ability to process information in a timely manner 
could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

We may not be able to retain our key personnel or hire and retain the personnel we need to sustain and grow 
our business.

Our success to date has depended, and will continue to depend, largely on the skills, efforts and motivation 
of our executive officers who generally have significant experience with our company and within the technical 
education industry.  Our success also depends in large part upon our ability to attract and retain highly qualified 
faculty, campus presidents, administrators and corporate management.  Due to the nature of our business we face 
significant competition in the attraction and retention of personnel who possess the skill sets that we seek.  The 
for-profit education sector is under significant regulatory and government scrutiny, which may make it more difficult 
to attract and retain talent.  Additionally, key personnel may leave us and subsequently compete against us.  Because 
we do not currently carry “key man” life insurance, the loss of the services of any of our key personnel, or our 
failure to attract and retain other qualified and experienced personnel on acceptable terms, could impair our ability 
to successfully manage our business.

42

If we are unable to hire, retain and continue to develop and train our admissions representatives, the effectiveness 
of our student recruiting efforts would be adversely affected.

In order to support revenue growth, we need to hire and train new admissions representatives, as well as 
retain and continue to develop our existing admissions representatives, who are our employees dedicated to student 
recruitment.  Our ability to develop a strong admissions representative team may be affected by a number of factors, 
including: our ability to integrate and motivate our admissions representatives; our ability to effectively train our 
admissions representatives; the length of time it takes new admissions representatives to become productive; the 
competition we face from other companies in hiring and retaining admissions representatives and our ability to 
effectively manage a multi-location educational organization.  Effective July 1, 2011, we made modifications to 
our employee compensation structure in order to comply with the elimination of the safe harbors in the regulations 
in  place  prior  to  this  date.    These  modifications  affected  the  compensation  structure  for  our  admissions 
representatives, including the elimination of the majority of their incentive compensation.  As a result of this change 
and the macroeconomic conditions impacting our business, we have experienced and may continue to experience 
a decrease in our enrollment rates.  If we are unable to hire, develop or retain quality admissions representatives, 
the effectiveness of our student recruiting efforts would be adversely affected. 

Our financial performance depends in part on our ability to continue to develop awareness and acceptance of 
our programs among high school graduates, military personnel and adults seeking advanced training.

The awareness of our programs among high school graduates, military personnel and working adults 
seeking advanced training is critical to the continued acceptance and growth of our programs.  Our inability to 
continue to develop awareness of our programs could reduce our enrollments, which could have a material impact 
on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition. The following are some of the factors that could 
prevent us from successfully marketing our programs:

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• 

student dissatisfaction with our programs and services; 
diminished access to high school student populations; 
reduced access to military bases and installations;
our failure to maintain or expand our brand or other factors related to our marketing or advertising 
practices; 
our inability to maintain relationships with automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine 
manufacturers and suppliers; and
availability of funding sources acceptable to our students.

Seasonal and other fluctuations in our results of operations could adversely affect the trading price of our 
common stock.

In reviewing our results of operations, you should not focus on quarter-to-quarter comparisons.  Our 
results in any quarter may not indicate the results we may achieve in any subsequent quarter or for the full year.  
Our revenues normally fluctuate as a result of seasonal variations in our business, principally due to changes in 
total student population.  Student population varies as a result of new student enrollments, graduations and student 
attrition.  Historically, our schools have had lower student populations in our third fiscal quarter than in the remainder 
of our fiscal year because fewer students are enrolled during the summer months.  Our expenses, however, do not 
generally vary at the same rate as changes in our student population and revenues and, as a result, such expenses 
do not fluctuate significantly on a quarterly basis.  We expect quarterly fluctuations in results of operations to 
continue as a result of seasonal enrollment patterns.  Such patterns may change, however, as a result of acquisitions, 
new school openings, new program introductions and increased enrollments of adult students.  Additionally, our 
revenues for our first fiscal quarter are adversely affected by the fact that we do not recognize revenue during the 
calendar year-end holiday break which falls primarily in that quarter.  These fluctuations may result in volatility 
or have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

43

If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report 
our financial results or prevent fraud.  As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in 
our financial reporting which would harm our business and the trading price of our stock.

Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by or under the supervision of our principal 
executive and principal financial officer, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial 
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America.  Our internal control structure is also designed to provide 
reasonable assurance that fraud would be detected or prevented before our financial statements could be materially 
affected.

Because of inherent limitations, our internal controls over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
all misstatements.  Additionally, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the 
risks that our controls may become inadequate as a result of changes in conditions or the degree of compliance 
with our policies and procedures may deteriorate.

If our internal control over financial reporting was not effective, our historical financial statements could 

require restatement which could negatively impact our reputation and lead to a decline in our stock price.

Failure on our part to effectively identify, establish and operate additional schools or campuses could reduce 
our ability to implement our growth strategy.

As  part  of  our  business  strategy  we  anticipate  opening  and  operating  new  schools  or  campuses.  
Establishing new schools or campuses poses unique challenges and requires us to make investments in management 
and capital expenditures, incur marketing expenses and devote other resources that are different, and in some cases 
greater, than those required with respect to the operation of acquired schools.  Accordingly, when we open new 
schools, initial investments could reduce our profitability.  To open a new school or campus, we would be required 
to obtain appropriate state and accrediting commission approvals, which may be conditioned or delayed in a manner 
that could significantly affect our growth plans.  Additionally, to be eligible for Title IV Program funding, a new 
school or campus would have to be certified by ED.  We cannot be sure that we will be able to identify suitable 
expansion opportunities to maintain or accelerate our current growth rate or that we will be able to successfully 
integrate or profitably operate any new schools or campuses.  Our failure to effectively identify, establish and 
manage the operations of newly established schools or campuses could slow our growth and make any newly 
established schools or campuses more costly to operate than we have historically experienced.

We may be unable to successfully complete or integrate future acquisitions.

We may consider selective acquisitions in the future.  We may not be able to complete any acquisitions 
on favorable terms or, even if we do, we may not be able to successfully integrate the acquired businesses into our 
business.  Integration challenges include, among others, regulatory approvals, significant capital expenditures, 
assumption of known and unknown liabilities, our ability to control costs, and our ability to integrate new personnel.  
The successful integration of future acquisitions may also require substantial attention from our senior management 
and the senior management of the acquired schools, which could decrease the time that they devote to the day-to-
day management of our business.  If we do not successfully address risks and challenges associated with acquisitions, 
including integration, future acquisitions could harm, rather than enhance, our operating performance.  Additionally, 
if we consummate an acquisition, our capitalization and results of operations may change significantly.  A future 
acquisition  could  result  in  the  incurrence  of  debt  and  contingent  liabilities,  an  increase  in  interest  expense, 
amortization expenses, goodwill and other intangible assets, charges relating to integration costs or an increase in 
the number of shares outstanding.  In addition, our acquisition of a school is a change of ownership of that school, 
which may result in the temporary suspension of that school’s participation in federal student financial aid programs 
until it obtains ED’s approval.  These results could have a negative effect on our cash flows, results of operations 
and financial condition or result in dilution to current stockholders.

44

We have recorded a significant amount of goodwill, which may become impaired and subject to a write-down.

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the estimated fair values of the 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  Goodwill is reviewed at least annually for impairment, which might result 
from the deterioration in the operating performance of the acquired business, adverse market conditions, adverse 
changes in the applicable laws or regulations and a variety of other circumstances.  Any resulting impairment 
charge would be recognized as an expense in the period in which impairment is identified. 

Our goodwill resulted from the acquisition of our motorcycle and marine education business in 1998.  We 
allocated  such  goodwill,  which  totaled  $20.6  million,  to  two  of  our  reporting  units  that  provide  the  related 
educational programs.  We assess our goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. While 
actual experience will differ from the amounts included in our analysis, we do not believe that a related impairment 
of our goodwill is reasonably possible in the foreseeable future.

ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

Campuses and Other Properties

The following sets forth certain information relating to our campuses and corporate headquarters:

Campuses:

Arizona (Avondale)

Location

Arizona (Phoenix)

California (Rancho Cucamonga)

California (Sacramento)

Florida (Orlando)
Illinois (Lisle) 1
Massachusetts (Norwood)

Brand

UTI

MMI

UTI

UTI

UTI/MMI

UTI

UTI

North Carolina (Mooresville)

UTI/NASCAR Tech

Pennsylvania (Exton)

Texas (Dallas/Ft. Worth)

Texas (Houston)

UTI

UTI

UTI

Home Office: Arizona (Scottsdale)

Headquarters

Approximate
Square
Footage

Leased or
Owned

268,700

127,400

187,300

239,100

227,100

180,200

228,700

146,000

188,800

95,000

219,400

84,300

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Leased

 Owned

 Leased

 Leased

1We relocated from our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus and began teaching programs at our Lisle, 
Illinois campus effective November 11, 2013.  The lease for the Lisle, Illinois campus has an initial lease term of 
18 years with four five-year renewal options.  

All leased properties listed above are leased with remaining terms that range from approximately three 

to 18 years.  Many of the leases are renewable for additional terms at our option.

45

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary conduct of our business, we are periodically subject to lawsuits, demands in arbitrations, 
investigations, regulatory proceedings or other claims, including, but not limited to, claims involving current and 
former students, routine employment matters, business disputes and regulatory demands.  When we are aware of 
a claim or potential claim, we assess the likelihood of any loss or exposure. If it is probable that a loss will result 
and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we would accrue a liability for the loss. When a loss is 
not both probable and estimable, we do not accrue a liability. Where a loss is not probable but is reasonably possible, 
including if a loss in excess of an accrued liability is reasonably possible, we determine whether it is possible to 
provide an estimate of the amount of the loss or range of possible losses for the claim. Because we cannot predict 
with  certainty  the  ultimate  resolution  of  the  legal  proceedings  (including  lawsuits,  investigations,  regulatory 
proceedings or claims) asserted against us, such currently pending legal proceedings to which we are a party may 
have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, results of operations or financial condition.  

As previously disclosed, in November 2011, one of our former employees filed a lawsuit under the Federal 
False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. § 3729, et seq.) (FCA Suit) in the United States District Court for the District of 
Arizona  Court,  alleging  that  our  compensation  of  our  admissions  representatives  violated  the  “incentive 
compensation ban” of Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, amongst other potential violations 
allegedly occurring over a number of years. We also disclosed that the same former employee had filed a complaint 
with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) alleging retaliatory 
employment practices in violation of the whistleblower provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended 
(DOL Complaint).  

As also previously disclosed, the U.S. Department of Justice informed us that it had declined to intervene 
in the FCA Suit and closed its investigation and the DOL closed its investigation.  Further, we separately entered 
into a settlement agreement with the former employee, Linda Rawles, a former Vice President of Compliance, 
pursuant to which these matters were dismissed and all of her claims against us were resolved.  The settlement 
agreement provided that, in return for the dismissal of her claims, the former employee received a payment only 
with  respect  to  her  claims  in  the  DOL  Complaint.  Our  expense  under  the  settlement  agreement,  following 
contribution by our insurer, was approximately $0.4 million and was recorded during the three months ended 
September 30, 2013. The settlement agreement provides that we and all other defendants named in the FCA Suit 
and the DOL Complaint (Universal Technical Institute of Arizona, Inc., Universal Technical Institute of Delaware, 
Inc.,  Universal Technical  Institute  of  Massachusetts,  Inc.,  Universal Technical  Institute  of  Pennsylvania,  Inc., 
Universal Technical Institute of Phoenix, Inc., Universal Technical Institute of Texas, Inc, Kimberly and Chris 
McWaters and Eugene and Jane Doe Putnam) expressly deny any liability, wrongdoing, noncompliance or violation 
of applicable law or regulation.

In September 2012, we received a Civil Investigative Demand (CID) from the Attorney General of the 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts related to a pending investigation in connection with allegations that we caused 
false claims to be submitted to the Commonwealth relating to student loans, guarantees and grants provided to 
students at our Norwood, Massachusetts campus. The CID required us to produce documents and provide written 
testimony regarding a broad range of the Company’s business from September 2006 to the present. We responded 
timely to the request, as well as a follow-up requests for additional information.  At this time, we cannot predict 
the eventual scope, duration, outcome or associated costs of this request and accordingly we have not recorded 
any liability in the accompanying financial statements.

In October 2012 and January 2013, the ACCSC requested certain documentation related to the preliminary 
investigation by the United States Department of Justice. Pursuant to applicable law and the United States’ request, 
we were not able to provide the information requested and notified ACCSC as such. In October 2013, we informed 
the ACCSC of the declination of intervention and closing of investigations as well as the settlement of the former 
employee’s claims. In addition, at ACCSC’s request, we have provided ACCSC with documentation relating to 
the actions taken by the Court and the Government. At this time, we cannot predict the eventual scope, duration, 

46

 
 
 
 
 
outcome  or  associated  costs,  if  any,  of  this  request  and  accordingly  we  have  not  recorded  any  liability  in  the 
accompanying financial statements.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC.  

The executive officers of UTI are set forth in this table.  All executive officers serve at the direction of 

the Board of Directors.  Mr. White and Ms. McWaters also serve as directors of UTI.

Name

John C. White

Age Position

65 Chairman of the Board

Kimberly J. McWaters

49 Chief Executive Officer and Director

Eugene S. Putnam, Jr.

53 President and Chief Financial Officer

Kenneth J. Cranston

50 Senior Vice President, Admissions

Chad A. Freed

Bryce H. Peterson

Sherrell E. Smith

Rhonda R. Turner

40 General Counsel, Senior Vice President of Business Development

35 Senior Vice President, Information Technology

50 Senior Vice President, Operations

40 Senior Vice President, People Services

John C. White has served as a director on our board since 1997 and as Chairman of the Board since 
October 2005.  Effective December 9, 2013, Mr. White is retiring from his duties as an executive officer in his 
role as the Chairman of the Board. After that date, he will continue as a non-employee, non-management member 
of the Board of Directors. Mr. White served as our Chief Strategic Planning Officer and Vice Chairman from 
October 2003 to September 2005. From April 2002 to September 2003, Mr. White served as our Chief Strategic 
Planning Officer and Co-Chairman of the Board. From 1997 to March 2002, Mr. White served as our Chief Strategic 
Planning Officer and Chairman of the Board. Mr. White served as the President of Clinton Harley Corporation 
(which operated under the name Motorcycle Mechanics Institute and Marine Mechanics Institute) from 1977 until 
it was acquired by UTI in 1998. Prior to 1977, Mr. White was a marketing representative with International Business 
Machines Corporation. Mr. White was appointed by the Arizona Senate to serve as a member of the Joint Legislative 
Committee on Private Regionally Accredited Degree Granting Colleges and Universities and Private Nationally 
Accredited Degree Granting and Vocational Institutions in 1990. He was appointed by the Governor of Arizona 
to the Arizona State Board for Private Post-secondary Education, where he was a member and Complaint Committee 
Chairman from 1993-2001. Mr. White received a BS in Engineering from the University of Illinois.

Kimberly J. McWaters has served as our Chief Executive Officer since October 2003 and as a director 
on  our  Board  since  February  2005.    Ms.  McWaters  served  as  UTI’s  President  from  2000  to  March  2011 and 
previously served on our Board from 2002 to 2003. From 1984 to 2000, Ms. McWaters held several positions with 
UTI, including Vice President of Marketing and Vice President of Sales and Marketing. Ms. McWaters also serves 
as a director of Penske Automotive Group, Inc. (formerly United Auto Group, Inc.). Ms. McWaters received a BS 
in Business Administration from the University of Phoenix.

Eugene S. Putnam, Jr. has served as our President and Chief Financial Officer since March 2011.  Mr. 
Putnam served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from July 2008 to March 2011 and he 
served as our interim Chief Financial Officer from January 2008 to July 2008.  From June 2005 to May 2007, Mr. 
Putnam served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Aegis Mortgage Corporation which 
declared bankruptcy in August 2007.  From July 2003 to June 2005, Mr. Putnam served as President of Coastal 
Securities L.P. and from March 2001 to March 2003, Mr. Putnam served as Executive Vice President and Chief 
47

Financial Officer of Sterling Bancshares, Inc.  Mr. Putnam also spent 14 years as Director of Investor Relations 
and in various corporate finance positions with SunTrust Banks, Inc.  Mr. Putnam also serves as a director of 
Community Bankers Trust Corporation. Mr. Putnam received his MBA from the University of North Carolina at 
Chapel Hill and holds a BS in Economics from the University of California, Los Angeles.

Kenneth J. Cranston has served as our Senior Vice President, Admissions since July 2010.  From December 
2009 to June 2010, he served as Regional Vice President of Operations.  Prior to joining UTI, Mr. Cranston was 
President and CEO of Terion, Inc., a leading provider of wireless tracking technology for the transportation industry.  
Before joining Terion, Inc., he spent much of his career in sales and marketing for industry leaders such as NBC, 
Western Union and Telespectrum Worldwide, where he served as National Vice President of Sales and Marketing.  
Mr. Cranston received his BA in Economics from Iona College.

Chad A. Freed has served as our General Counsel, Senior Vice President of Business Development since 
March 2009 and is also our Corporate Secretary.  Mr. Freed served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel from 
February 2005 to March 2009 and as inside legal counsel since March 2004. Prior to joining UTI, Mr. Freed was 
a Senior Associate in the Corporate Finance and Securities department at Bryan Cave LLP. Mr. Freed received his 
Juris Doctor from Tulane University and holds a BS in International Business and French from Pennsylvania State 
University.

Bryce H. Peterson has served as our Senior Vice President, Information Technology since June 2012.  Mr. 
Peterson served as Vice President of Information Technology from March 2011 to June 2012, as Vice President of 
Internal Audit Services from March 2010 to March 2011 and as Information Technology Audit Manager from 
October 2008 to February 2010.  Prior to joining UTI, Mr. Peterson served in a variety of positions at KPMG, 
LLP; Brigham Young University and Fenton Enterprises.  Mr. Peterson received his MS in Information Systems 
Management and holds a BS in Business Management from Brigham Young University.

Sherrell E. Smith has served as our Senior Vice President, Operations since August 2012.  During his 
previous tenure with UTI from 1986 to 2009, Mr. Smith held several positions with UTI including Campus President, 
Regional Vice President of Operations, Senior Vice President of Operations and Education and Executive Vice 
President  of  Operations.    Prior  to  his  return  to  UTI,  Mr.  Smith  advised  a  private  equity  firm  on  acquisition 
opportunities  in  the  education  field  and  served  as  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  the American  Institute  of 
Technology.  Mr. Smith received a BS in Management from Arizona State University.

Rhonda R. Turner has served as our Senior Vice President of People Services (Human Resources) since 
June 2010.   Ms. Turner served as Vice President of People Services from August 2009 to May 2010, as Vice 
President of People Services Partnerships & Training from January 2008 to July 2009 and as Director, People 
Services Partnerships, from January 2006 to December 2007.  Prior to joining UTI, Ms. Turner served in human 
resources leadership positions at ConocoPhillips, Circle K and Main Street Restaurant Group, Inc., a TGI Friday’s 
franchisee. Ms. Turner received her BS in Human Resources Management from Arizona State University.

48

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

PART II

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “UTI”.

The following table sets forth the range of high and low sales prices per share for our common stock, as 

reported by the NYSE, for the periods indicated.

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2013:

First Quarter

Second Quarter

Third Quarter

Fourth Quarter

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2012:

First Quarter

Second Quarter

Third Quarter

Fourth Quarter

Price Range of

 Common Stock

High

Low

13.97

12.83

12.67

12.58

$

$

$

$

8.00

9.82

9.96

10.02

Price Range of

 Common Stock

High

Low

15.14

14.78

13.73

14.08

$

$

$

$

11.78

12.58

11.66

10.92

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

The closing price of our common stock as reported by the NYSE on November 22, 2013, was $14.03 per 

share.  As of November 22, 2013 there were 33 holders of record of our common stock.

On December 21, 2012; March 29, 2013; June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2013, we paid cash dividends 
of $0.10 per share to common stockholders of record as of December 7, 2012; March 15, 2013, June 21, 2013 and 
September 20, 2013.  The aggregate payment was approximately $9.8 million.  

We continuously evaluate our cash position in light of growth opportunities, operating results and general 
market conditions.  Periodically, we may return shareholder earnings through cash dividends or stock repurchases, 
or a combination thereof.

49

 
Sales of Unregistered Securities; Repurchase of Securities

The following table summarizes the purchase of equity securities for the three months ended September 

30, 2013:

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

(a) Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased

(b) Average
Price Paid per
Share

(c) Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as Part
of Publicly
Announced Plans

(d) Approximate 
Dollar Value of 
Shares that May Yet 
Be Purchased Under 
the Plans Or 
Programs
(In thousands) (1)

— $

4,500

$

— $

4,500

—

10.99

—

— $

4,500

$

— $

4,500

$

17,806

17,757

17,757

17,757

Period

July 2013

August 2013

September 2013

Total

(1) 

On December 20, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of our 
common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions.

50

 
Stock Performance Graph 

The following Stock Performance Graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” 
or “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor should such information be incorporated by reference 
into any future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, 
except to the extent that we specifically incorporate it by reference in such filing.

This graph compares total cumulative stockholder return on our common stock during the period from 
September 30, 2008 through September 30, 2013 with the cumulative return on the NYSE Stock Market Index 
(U.S. Companies) and a Peer Issuer Group Index.  The peer issuer group consists of the companies identified below, 
which were selected on the basis of the similar nature of their business.  The graph assumes that $100 was invested 
on September 30, 2008, and any dividends were reinvested on the date on which they were paid.

180.0

160.0

140.0

120.0

100.0

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

161.4

100.0

81.0

37.0

9/30/2008

9/30/2009

9/30/2010

9/30/2011

9/30/2012

9/30/2013

Symbol

CRSP Total Returns Index for:

09/2008

09/2009

09/2010

09/2011

09/2012

09/2013

Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

NYSE Stock Market (US Companies)

Self-Determined Peer Group

100.0

100.0

100.0

115.6

92.5

124.5

123.1

103.5

90.1

85.6

102.8

62.7

88.2

132.7

41.7

81.0

161.4

37.0

Companies in the Self-Determined Peer Group

      Apollo Group, Inc.

      Corinthian Colleges, Inc.

      I T T Educational Services, Inc.

      Lincoln Educational Services Corporation

Notes:

Career Education Corporation

DeVry Education Group Inc.

Strayer Education, Inc.

      A.  The lines represent quarterly index levels derived from compounded daily returns that include all dividends.

      B.  The indexes are reweighted daily, using the market capitalization on the previous trading day.

      C.  If the quarterly interval, based on the fiscal year-end, is not a trading day, the preceding trading day is used.

      D.  The index level for all series was set to $100 on 09/30/2008.

            Prepared by Zacks Investment Research, Inc.  Used with permission.  All rights reserved.

51

 
ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA   

The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial and operating data as of and for the 
periods  indicated.   You  should  read  the  selected  financial  data  set  forth  below  together  with  “Management’s 
Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  and  our  consolidated  financial 
statements included elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K.  The selected consolidated statement of operations 
data and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of and for the years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 
have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements.  We revised the financial results of prior 
periods in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2012.  The selected consolidated statement of operations data and 
selected consolidated balance sheet data as of and for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 set forth 
below have been derived from the revised financial information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
2012.  

52

Statement of Operations Data: (1)
Revenues

Operating expenses:

Educational services and facilities

Selling, general and administrative

Total operating expenses

Income from operations
Interest income, net (2)
Other income, net

Income before taxes
Income tax expense

Net income

Net income per share:

   Basic

   Diluted

Weighted average shares (in thousands):

   Basic

   Diluted

Cash dividends declared per common
share
Other Data: (1)
Depreciation and amortization (3)
Number of campuses (1)
Average undergraduate enrollments
Balance Sheet Data: (1)
Cash and cash equivalents (2), (4)
Current assets (2), (4)
Working capital (deficit) (2), (4)
Total assets (2), (4), (5)
Total shareholders' equity (2)

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

($'s in thousands, except per share amounts)

$ 380,268

$ 413,552

$ 451,900

$ 435,921

$ 366,635

199,540

174,799

374,339

5,929

234

655

6,818
3,008

3,810

0.16

0.15

24,515

24,704

0.40

22,156

11

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

211,979

187,458

399,437

14,115

302

545

14,962
5,930

9,032

0.37

0.36

223,628

183,726

407,354

44,546

252

291

45,089
18,192

26,897

1.10

1.09

212,608

177,194

389,802

46,119

250

480

46,849
18,283

28,566

1.19

1.17

$

$

$

$

$

$

193,490

154,649

348,139

18,496

198

466

19,160
7,516

11,644

0.48

0.47

$

$

$

24,711

24,937

24,427

24,740

24,041

24,511

24,246

24,627

0.30

— $

1.50

—

23,819

$

24,842

$

19,888

$

17,568

11

11

11

10

15,000

16,500

18,500

18,600

15,900

$

35,657

$

45,665

$

53,670

$

48,974

$

56,199

$ 133,347
40,986
$

$ 134,984
35,544
$

$ 133,915
28,231
$

$ 115,656
$

(7,090) $

$ 114,222
12,675

$ 279,463

$ 268,158

$ 266,029

$ 242,724

$ 223,407

$ 138,770

$ 146,085

$ 141,423

$ 108,041

$ 106,609

(1)  In 2010, we opened a campus in Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas, which contributed to the fluctuation in our results 

of operations and financial position during 2011 and 2010.

53

(2)  In 2013, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 per share on December 21, 2012; March 29, 2013; June 
30, 2013 and September 30, 2013 totaling $9.8 million.  In 2012, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.10 
per share on March 30, June 29, and September 28 totaling $7.4 million.  In 2010, we paid a special cash 
dividend on common stock of $1.50 per share totaling $36.3 million.  In 2013, 2012 and 2009 , we used cash 
and cash equivalents to repurchase approximately $5.4 million, $1.8 million and $16.9 million, respectively, 
of our common shares, which decreased cash and cash equivalents, current assets and working capital (deficit), 
and contributed to lower interest income.  

(3)  In 2012 and 2011, depreciation and amortization expense increased primarily due to the opening of our Dallas/
Ft. Worth, Texas campus and the implementation of our Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II 
curricula.

(4)  In 2009, we purchased a building in the Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas area for $9.1 million.  

(5)  In 2012, we entered into various agreements to relocate our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus to and design 
and build a campus in Lisle, Illinois.  Pursuant to these agreements, we invested approximately $4.0 million 
to acquire an equity interest of approximately 28% in a related joint venture.  We recorded approximately 
$25.2 million and $2.4 million in property and equipment with a corresponding amount as a construction 
liability as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. 

54

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

You should read the following discussion together with the Selected Financial Data and the consolidated 
financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K.  This discussion contains 
forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about 
our business and operations.  Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed 
in such forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those we discuss under “Risk 
Factors” and elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K.

General Overview

We  are  the  leading  provider  of  postsecondary  education  for  students  seeking  careers  as  professional 
automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians as measured by total average undergraduate 
enrollment and graduates.  We offer undergraduate degree or diploma programs at 11 campuses across the United 
States.   We  also  offer  advanced  training  programs  including  both  student  paid  electives  at  our  campuses  and 
manufacturer or dealer sponsored training at dedicated training centers.  We have provided technical education for 
48 years.

Our revenues consist principally of student tuition and fees derived from the programs we provide and 
are presented after reductions related to discounts and scholarships we sponsor, refunds for students who withdraw 
from our programs prior to specified dates and the portion of tuition students have funded through our proprietary 
loan program.  We generally recognize tuition revenue and fees ratably over the terms of the various programs we 
offer.  We supplement our tuition revenues with additional revenues from sales of textbooks and program supplies 
and other revenues, all of which are recognized as sales occur or services are performed.  In aggregate, these 
additional revenues represented approximately 2% of our total revenues in each year for the three-year period 
ended September 30, 2013.  Tuition revenue and fees generally vary based on the average number of students 
enrolled and average tuition charged per program.

Average undergraduate full-time student enrollments vary depending on, among other factors, the number 
of continuing students at the beginning of a period, new student enrollments during the period, students who have 
previously withdrawn but decide to re-enroll during the period, graduations and withdrawals during the period.  
Our  average  undergraduate  full-time  student  enrollments  are  influenced  by:  the  attractiveness  of  our  program 
offerings to high school graduates and potential adult students; the effectiveness of our marketing efforts; the depth 
of our industry relationships; the strength of employment markets and long term career prospects; the quality of 
our instructors and student services professionals; the persistence of our students; the length of our education 
programs; the availability of federal and alternative funding for our programs; the number of graduates of our 
programs who elect to attend the advanced training programs we offer and general economic conditions.  Our 
introduction of additional program offerings at existing campuses and opening additional campuses is expected to 
influence our average undergraduate full-time student enrollment.  We currently offer start dates at our campuses 
that range from every three to six weeks throughout the year in our undergraduate programs.  The number of start 
dates of advanced training programs varies by the duration of those programs and the needs of the manufacturers 
who sponsor them.

Our tuition charges vary by type and length of our programs and the program level, such as undergraduate 
or advanced training.  Tuition rates have increased by approximately 2% to 4% for the year ended September 30, 
2013, 3% to 5% for the year ended September 30, 2012 and 4% to 7% for the year ended September 30, 2011.  We 
continually evaluate our tuition pricing based on individual campus markets, the competitive environment and ED 
regulations.

55

Most  students  at  our  campuses  rely  on  funds  received  under  various  government-sponsored  student 
financial aid programs, predominantly Title IV Programs, to pay a substantial portion of their tuition and other 
education-related expenses.  In 2013, approximately 68% of our revenues, on a cash basis as defined by ED, were 
derived from federal student financial aid programs.

We extend credit for tuition and fees, for a limited period of time, to the majority of our students.  Our 
credit risk is mitigated through the students’ participation in federally funded financial aid programs unless students 
withdraw prior to the receipt by us of Title IV funds for those students.  The financial aid and assistance programs 
are subject to political and budgetary considerations.  There is no assurance that such funding will be maintained 
at current levels.  Extensive and complex regulations govern the financial assistance programs in which our students 
participate.  Our administration of these programs is periodically reviewed by various regulatory agencies.  Any 
regulatory  violation  could  be  the  basis  for  the  initiation  of  potential  adverse  actions  including  a  suspension, 
limitation, placement on reimbursement status or termination proceeding which could have a material adverse 
effect on our business.  

If any of our institutions were to lose its eligibility to participate in federal student financial aid programs, 
the students at that institution, and other locations of that institution, would lose access to funds derived from those 
programs and would have to seek alternative sources of funds to pay their tuition and fees.  The receipt of financial 
aid funds reduces the students’ amounts due to us and has no impact on revenue recognition, as the transfer relates 
to the source of funding for the costs of education which may occur through Title IV or other funds and resources 
available to the student. Additionally, we bear all credit and collection risk for the portion of our student tuition 
that is funded through our proprietary loan program.

We categorize our operating expenses as (i) educational services and facilities and (ii) selling, general 

and administrative.

Major  components  of  educational  services  and  facilities  expenses  include  faculty  and  other  campus 
administration  employees  compensation  and  benefits,  facility  rent,  maintenance,  utilities,  depreciation  and 
amortization of property and equipment used in the provision of educational services, tools, training aids, royalties 
under our licensing arrangements and other costs directly associated with teaching our programs and providing 
educational services to our students.

Selling, general and administrative expenses include compensation and benefits of employees who are 
not directly associated with the provision of educational services, such as: executive management; finance and 
central accounting; legal; human resources; marketing and student enrollment expenses, including compensation 
and benefits of personnel employed in marketing and student admissions; costs of professional services; bad debt 
expense; costs associated with the implementation and operation of our student management and reporting system; 
rent for our corporate office headquarters; depreciation and amortization of property and equipment that is not 
used in the provision of educational services and other costs that are incidental to our operations.  All marketing 
and student enrollment expenses are recognized in the period incurred.  Costs related to the opening of new facilities, 
excluding related capital expenditures, are expensed in the period incurred or when services are provided.

2013 Overview 

 Operations

Lower student population levels as we began 2013, combined with lower new student starts throughout 
the year, resulted in a 9.1% decline in our average undergraduate full-time student enrollment to approximately 
15,000 students for the year ended September 30, 2013. We started approximately 15,000 students during the year 
ended September 30, 2013, which represents a decrease of 4.5% as compared to a decrease of 3.1% for the year 
ended September 30, 2012.  The decrease in starts was partially due to a decrease in student applications in the 
prior year, as well as the result of certain macro-economic headwinds and regulatory challenges.  

56

 
Several factors continue to challenge our ability to start new students including the following: 

•  The  amount  of  Title  IV  financial  aid  available  decreased  during  2012  which  increased  the 
difference between the amount of Title IV financial aid our students are eligible for and the cost 
of education; this difference requires students and their families to obtain additional financing;
Incentive compensation changes which became effective July 1, 2011 limited the means by which 
we  may  compensate  our  admissions  representatives  and  required  significant  changes  to  our 
compensation  and  performance  management  processes. We  are  continuing  to  adapt  to  those 
changes within the organization;

• 

•  Competition for prospective students continues to increase from within our sector as well as with 

traditional post-secondary educational institutions;

•  The state of the general macro-economic environment and its impact on price sensitivity and the 

ability and willingness of students and their families to incur debt; and

•  Unemployment; during periods when the unemployment rate declines or remains stable as it has 

in 2012 and 2013, prospective students have more employment options.

For further discussion on regulatory changes, see “Business - Regulatory Environment - Regulation of 
Federal Student Financial Aid Programs - Congressional Action” included elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-
K.

The decline in our average undergraduate full-time student enrollment resulted in a decline in revenues 
and net income for the year ended September 30, 2013. Our revenues for the year ended September 30, 2013 were 
$380.3 million, a decrease of $33.3 million, or 8.0%, from the prior year. Our net income for the year ended 
September 30, 2013 was $3.8 million, a decrease of $5.2 million from the prior year. Additionally, our revenues 
for the year ended September 30, 2013 excluded $19.5 million of tuition related to students participating in our 
proprietary loan program.

Balancing  the  impact  of  our  lower  student  populations  and  our  highly  fixed  cost  structure  with  our 

commitment to invest in our future resulted in lower operating margins for the year ended September 30, 2013.

In response to these challenges, we continue to manage discretionary operating costs, to develop our 
strong industry relationships and to provide alternative financial solutions to help students achieve their educational 
goals. During 2013, we increased our need-based scholarships offerings.  Additionally, we have taken steps to 
optimize marketing to generate higher quality inquiries from potential students and we have implemented programs 
to improve the effectiveness of our admissions processes. 

Veterans' Benefits

The percentage of our revenues, on a cash basis, which were collected from funds distributed under various 
veterans' benefits programs has increased to approximately 18% for the year ended September 30, 2013 from 
approximately 9% and 4% for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Beginning October 1, 
2011, the Post-9/11 GI Bill became effective for non-degree granting institutions of higher learning, allowing 
eligible veterans to use their Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits at all of our campuses, in addition to using existing veterans 
benefits such as the Montgomery GI Bill, REAP and VA Vocational Rehabilitation. The increase in the percentage 
of our revenues is attributable to a combination of the change in benefits and the overall decline in our average 
undergraduate full-time student enrollment as compared to prior years.

There continues to be Congressional activity around the requirements of the 90/10 Rule, such as reducing 
the 90% maximum under the rule to 85% or including military and veteran funding in the 90% portion of the 
calculation. Potential changes to the 90/10 Rule could negatively impact our eligibility to participate in Title IV 

57

 
 
Programs.  A loss of eligibility would adversely affect our students’ access to Title IV Program funds they need to 
pay their educational expenses.  

As    described  in  “Business-Regulatory  Environment-Other  Federal  and  State  Programs”  included 
elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K, we are subject to a limit of 35% on the percentage of students per campus 
receiving benefits under certain veterans' benefits programs. One of our 11 campuses is operating near the 35% 
limit as of November 1, 2013; our remaining 10 campuses are all below 30%.  If the VA determines that an institution 
is out of compliance with the applicable limit, the VA will continue to provide benefits to current students but will 
not provide benefits to newly enrolled students until the institution demonstrates compliance. 

Our access to military installations for student recruitment has become more limited due to recent changes 
in  the  Transition  Assistance  Program  (Transition  Goals,  Plans,  Success)  and  increased  enforcement  of  the 
requirement to possess an MOU with certain individual military installations.  Each of our institutions has an MOU 
with the U.S. Department of Defense. We have MOUs with certain key individual installations and are pursuing 
MOUs at additional locations. We continue to strengthen and develop relationships with our existing contacts and 
with new contacts in order to maintain and rebuild our access to military installations.  

Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II Integration

We  began  offering  our Automotive Technology  and  Diesel Technology  II  curricula  at  our Avondale, 
Arizona campus in 2012. As we evaluate the lessons and potential efficiencies of the curricula, we intend to integrate 
the Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II curricula at our Sacramento, California campus in calendar 
year 2014 and will continue to integrate the curricula at our other automotive campuses in future years. We expect 
to make additional capital investments and incur higher than usual operating expenses as we integrate the curricula 
at our remaining automotive campuses.  For the year ending September 30, 2014, we anticipate capitalizing within 
the range of $5.9 million to $6.3 million and incurring approximately $3.6 million in operating expenses related 
to these integration activities.

Graduate Employment

Identifying employment opportunities and preparing our graduates for these careers is critical to our ability 
to help our graduates benefit from their education.  Accordingly, we dedicate significant resources to maintaining 
an effective employment team, as described in "Business - Graduate Employment" included in Part I, Item 1 of 
this Report of Form 10-K. We believe that our graduate employment services provide our students with a compelling 
value proposition and enhance the employment opportunities for our graduates.  We saw improvement for our 
automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine programs in 2012, as compared to 2011.  

Our employment rates for 2012 and 2011 graduates were 85% and 82%, respectively.  The employment 
calculation  is  based  on  all  graduates,  including  those  that  completed  manufacturer  specific  advanced  training 
programs, from October 1, 2011 to September 30, 2012 and October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2011, respectively, 
excluding  graduates  not  available  for  employment  because  of  continuing  education,  military  service,  health, 
incarceration,  death  or  international  student  status.  Graduates  are  counted  as  employed  based  on  a  verified 
understanding of the graduate's job duties to assess and confirm that the graduates primary job responsibilities are 
in his or her field of study.  See "Graduate Employment" in this Form 10-K for further discussion of our graduate 
employment activities. For 2012, we had approximately 12,200 total graduates, of which approximately 11,400 
were available for employment.  Of those graduates available for employment, approximately 9,600 were employed 
within one year of their graduation date, for a total of 85%. For 2011, we had approximately 13,600 total graduates, 
of which approximately 12,800 were available for employment. Of those graduates available for employment, 
approximately 10,500 were employed within one year of their graduation date, for a total of 82%.

58

 
 
 
 
Proprietary Loan Program

The bank which previously originated loans for our proprietary loan program (original bank) exercised 
its right to terminate the agreement effective April 30, 2013. The original bank subsequently agreed to an extension 
through June 29, 2013. During June 2013, we entered into an agreement with a new bank, which began accepting 
student loan applications on June 29, 2013.  The terms under the agreement with the new bank are substantially 
the same as the agreement with the original bank.

Regulatory Environment

For a detailed discussion of the regulatory environment and related risks, see “Business — Regulatory 

Environment”, and Item 1A, “Risk Factors”, included elsewhere in this Report on Form 10-K.

On March 19, 2013, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia denied a motion from ED for the 
court to amend its earlier judgment to vacate certain rules related to gainful employment. The court upheld the 
decision to vacate those requirements. In April 2013, ED announced three public hearings to solicit comment on 
proposals to amend the regulation governing the Federal Student Aid programs authorized under Title IV of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965. A fourth hearing took place in June. Topics considered for action included cash 
management of funds provided under the Title IV programs, clock-to-credit hour conversion, gainful employment 
and the definition of “adverse credit” for borrowers in the Federal Direct PLUS Loan Program.

In May 2013, ED announced its intention to initiate new gainful employment regulations through the 
formal negotiated rulemaking process. A negotiator panel representing various constituencies was established and 
the negotiation sessions took place in Washington, D.C. in September and November of 2013. ED also noted its 
expectation to establish a negotiated rulemaking committee or committees to consider some or all of the additional 
rulemaking issues discussed during the earlier hearings in the coming months. We will continue to monitor the 
progress of this rulemaking for any impact on our business.

2014 Outlook

In line with our previous guidance, we expect new student start growth over the six month period ending 
December 31, 2013.  The growth we experienced in new student starts during the fourth quarter of 2013 should 
offset the decline we now anticipate for the first quarter of 2014, due primarily to one less start date.  For the year 
ending  September  30,  2014,  we  expect  high  single  digit  growth  in  applications  and  yet  with  the  time  lag  for 
conversions, we expect relatively flat new student starts. With a focus on persistence and helping students overcome 
macro-economic headwinds with increased use of scholarships and smaller tuition increases, we expect a low 
single digit level of revenue growth. Despite these challenges, with a continuation of our focus on efficiencies and 
student  outcomes,  we  believe  we  will  be  able  to  achieve  meaningful  growth  in  operating  results.  Due  to  the 
seasonality  of  our  business  and  normal  fluctuations  in  student  populations,  we  would  expect  volatility  in  our 
quarterly results. 

59

 
 
 
Results of Operations

The following table sets forth selected statements of operations data as a percentage of revenues for 

each of the periods indicated.

Revenues

Operating expenses:

Educational services and facilities

Selling, general and administrative

Total operating expenses

Income from operations

Interest income, net

Other income

Total other income

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense

Net income

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2013

2011

100.0%

100.0%

100%

52.4%

46.0%

98.4%

1.6%

0.1%

0.1%

0.2%

1.8%

0.8%

1.0%

51.3%

45.3%

96.6%

3.4%

0.1%

0.1%

0.2%

3.6%

1.4%

2.2%

49.4%

40.7%

90.1%

9.9%

—%

0.1%

0.1%

10.0%

4.0%

6.0%

Our earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) for the years ended September 
30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were $29.8 million, $39.5 million and $70.6 million, respectively.  EBITDA is a non-
GAAP financial measure which is provided to supplement, but not substitute for, the most directly comparable 
GAAP  measure.  We  choose  to  disclose  this  non-GAAP  financial  measure  because  it  provides  an  additional 
analytical tool to clarify our results from operations and helps to identify underlying trends. Additionally, this 
measure  helps  compare  our  performance  on  a  consistent  basis  across  time  periods.  To  obtain  a  complete 
understanding of our performance, this measure should be examined in connection with net income determined 
in accordance with GAAP. Since the items excluded from this measure should be examined in connection with 
net income in determining financial performance under GAAP, this measure should not be considered to be an 
alternative to net income as a measure of our operating performance or profitability. Exclusion of items in our non-
GAAP presentation should not be construed as an inference that these items are unusual, infrequent or non-recurring. 
Other companies, including other companies in the education industry, may calculate EBITDA differently than 
we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure across companies. Investors are encouraged to use GAAP 
measures when evaluating our financial performance.

EBITDA reconciles to net income as follows:

Net income
Interest income, net
Income tax expense
Depreciation and amortization
EBITDA

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

$

$

3,810
(234)
3,008
23,251
29,835

$

$

9,032
(302)
5,930
24,831
39,491

$

$

26,897
(252)
18,192
25,731
70,568

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on equity for the trailing four quarters ended September 30, 2013 was 2.7% compared to 6.2% 
for the trailing four quarters ended September 30, 2012. Return on equity is calculated as the sum of net income 
for the last four quarters divided by the average of our total shareholders’ equity balances at the end of each of the 
last five quarters.

Student retention/completion rate

Our consolidated student retention/completion rate is based on new students that began one of our programs 
during  a  fiscal  year  and  completed  or  are  still  attending  as  of  September 30  of  the  following  fiscal  year. The 
following table sets forth our consolidated student retention/completion rate during each of the periods indicated:

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

2011

Consolidated student retention/completion

66%

65%

65%

Year Ended September 30, 2013 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2012 

Revenues. Our revenues for the year ended September 30, 2013 were $380.3 million, a decrease of 
$33.3 million, or 8.0%, as compared to revenues of $413.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2012.  The 
9.1% decrease in our average undergraduate full-time student enrollment resulted in a decrease in revenues of 
approximately $39.8 million. The decrease was partially offset by tuition rate increases between 2% and  4%, 
depending on the program. Our revenues for the years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 excluded $19.5 million 
and $14.1 million, respectively, of tuition related to students participating in our proprietary loan program. We 
recognized $2.3 million and $1.5 million of revenues and interest under the proprietary loan program for the years 
ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Over the past year, we have increased the amount of scholarships granted to our students to assist those 
who have a financial need in funding a portion of their education. Because scholarships are recognized ratably 
over the term of the student’s course or program in accordance with our revenue recognition policy, the increase 
in scholarships granted has not had a significant impact to our revenues for the year ended September 30, 2013.

61

 
 
Educational services and facilities expenses. Our educational services and facilities expenses for the 
year ended September 30, 2013 were  $199.5 million, representing a decrease of $12.5 million, or 5.9%, as compared 
to $212.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2012.

The following table sets forth the significant components of our educational services and facilities 

expenses:

Salaries expense

Employee benefits and tax

Bonus expense

Stock-based compensation

Compensation and related costs
Occupancy costs

Other educational services and facilities expense

Depreciation and amortization expense

Supplies and maintenance

Tools and training aids expense

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

$

(In thousands)

86,963

$

16,746

928

617

105,254
37,151

20,956

18,600

9,351

8,228

$

199,540

$

92,157

18,228

2,386

1,080

113,851
36,851

21,370

19,035

10,239

10,633

211,979

Compensation  and  related  costs  decreased  $8.6  million  for  the  year  ended  September  30,  2013,  as 
compared to the prior year. The decrease was primarily attributable to the reduction in workforce undertaken in 
September 2012, which was completed to continue to align our cost structure with our lower average student 
population. Additionally, bonus expense decreased primarily due to operating results lower than bonus payout 
thresholds during the current year as well as a reduction in the bonus plan payout levels for 2013. 

Tools and training aids expense and supplies and maintenance decreased a combined $3.3 million for the 
year ended September 30, 2013, as compared to the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to our lower average 
undergraduate full-time student enrollments during the year as well as our cost savings efforts in anticipation of 
lower average student populations for 2013.

62

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses. Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the 
year ended September 30, 2013 were $174.8 million, representing a decrease of $12.7 million, or 6.8%, as compared 
to $187.5 million for the year ended September 30, 2012.

The following table sets forth the significant components of our selling, general and administrative 

expenses:

Salaries expense

Employee benefits and tax

Bonus expense

Stock-based compensation

Compensation and related costs
Advertising expense

Other selling, general and administrative expenses

Bad debt expense

Depreciation and amortization expense

Contract services expense

Legal expense

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

(In thousands)

$

73,309

$

15,406

2,797

5,607

97,119
36,986

24,014

4,762

4,651

4,836

2,431

73,870

16,186

5,453

5,412

100,921
42,127

25,422

5,175

5,796

5,378

2,639

$

174,799

$

187,458

Compensation  and  related  costs  decreased  $3.8  million  for  the  year  ended  September  30,  2013,  as 
compared to the  prior year. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower bonus expense, as a result of operating 
results lower than bonus payout thresholds during the current year and a reduction in the bonus plan payout levels 
for 2013.  Salaries expense decreased primarily as a result of the reduction in workforce undertaken in September 
2012. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in severance charges. We recorded severance charges of 
approximately  $1.6  million  during  the  year  ended  September  30,  2013,  including  $0.3  million  in  stock-based 
compensation expense, related to the upcoming retirement of the Chairman of our Board of Directors.  During the 
year  ended  September  30,  2012,  we  recorded  approximately  $0.9  million  in  severance  charges  related  to  the 
reduction in workforce.

Advertising expense decreased $5.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2013, as compared to the 
prior year. The decrease was primarily due to accelerated spending in the same periods in the prior year. We continue 
to execute on our plan to optimize marketing to generate higher quality inquiries from potential students while 
controlling our costs.

As discussed in Part I, Item 3 of this Report on Form 10-K, we settled the legal matters related to the 
FCA suit and the DOL Complaint. During the year ended September 30, 2013, we incurred an increase in related 
legal  services  and  settlement  expenses,  which  were  partially  offset  by  insurance  recoveries.   This  resulted  in 
relatively flat legal expenses as compared to the prior year.

Income taxes. Our provision for income taxes for the year ended September 30, 2013 was $3.0 million, 
or 44.1% of pre-tax income, compared to $5.9 million, or 39.6% of pre-tax income, for the year ended September 
30, 2012. The effective income tax rate in each period differed from the federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily 
as a result of state income taxes, net of related federal income tax benefits.

Net income.  As a result of the foregoing, we reported net income for the year ended September 30, 2013 

63

 
 
of $3.8 million, as compared to net income of $9.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2012. 

Year Ended September 30, 2012 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2011

Revenues.  Our revenues for the year ended September 30, 2012 were $413.6 million, representing a 
decrease of $38.3 million, or 8.5%, as compared to revenues of $451.9 million for the year ended September 30, 
2011.  The decrease in revenues is attributable to a decrease in average undergraduate full-time student enrollment 
during the year.  Offsetting this decrease was an increase in tuition rates of 3% to 5%, depending on the program.  
Our revenues excluded $14.1 million and $7.0 million of tuition related to students participating in our proprietary 
loan program for the years ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, respectively.  In accordance with 
our accounting policy, we will recognize the related revenue as payments are received from the students participating 
in this program.  As a result of collections under our proprietary loan program, our revenues included $1.5 million 
and $0.8 million for the years ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, respectively.

Educational services and facilities expenses.  Our educational services and facilities expenses for the 
year ended September 30, 2012 were $212.0 million, representing a decrease of $11.6 million, or 5.2%, as compared 
to $223.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2011.

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  significant  components  of  our  educational  services  and  facilities 

expenses:

Salaries expense

Employee benefits and tax

Bonus expense

Stock-based compensation

Compensation and related costs

Occupancy costs

Other educational services and facilities expense

Depreciation and amortization expense

Supplies and maintenance

Tools and training aids expense

Year Ended September 30,

2012

2011

$

(In thousands)

92,157

$

18,228

2,386

1,080

113,851

36,851

21,370

19,035

10,239

10,633

$

211,979

$

97,896

19,571

3,220

939

121,626

36,824

23,085

18,929

11,455

11,709

223,628

Compensation and related costs decreased approximately $7.8 million for the year ended September 30, 
2012 compared to the prior year.  The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in our staffing levels as a result of 
the reduction in workforce in June 2011, which was completed to align our cost structure with our projected future 
student population.  We completed another reduction in workforce in September 2012 which resulted in severance 
and benefit charges of $1.0 million as compared to $2.3 million during the June 2011 event.  This action was 
completed to continue to align our cost structure with our lower average student population. 

Tools and training aids expense and supplies and maintenance decreased a combined $2.3 million for the 
year ended September 30, 2012, compared to the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to our lower average 
undergraduate full-time student enrollments during the year as well as our cost savings efforts in anticipation of 
lower average student populations for 2012.

64

Selling, general and administrative expenses.  Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the 
year ended September 30, 2012 were $187.5 million, an increase of $3.7 million, or 2.0%, as compared to $183.7 
million for the year ended September 30, 2011.

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  significant  components  of  our  selling,  general  and  administrative 

expenses:

Salaries expense

Employee benefits and tax

Bonus expense

Stock-based compensation

Compensation and related costs

Advertising expense

Other selling, general and administrative expenses

Bad debt expense

Depreciation and amortization expense

Contract services expense

Legal expense

Year Ended September 30,

2012

2011

$

(In thousands)

73,870

$

16,186

5,453

5,412
100,921

42,127

25,422

5,175

5,796

5,378

2,639

70,132

15,864

7,808

5,340
99,144

34,605

27,862

8,679

6,802

5,392

1,242

$

187,458

$

183,726

Advertising expense increased $7.5 million for the year ended September 30, 2012 primarily due to the 
shift in our marketing strategy to improve the quality and quantity of inquiries and applications for the year. This 
resulted in increased spending on various media including television, internet, magazine, and inquiry generation 
programs.  For the year ended September 30, 2012, the number of inquiries increased as compared to the prior 
year and our investment in advertising expense yielded higher quality inquiries in the current year.  Advertising 
expenses as a percentage of revenues for the year ended September 30, 2012 were 10.2%. 

Compensation and related costs increased $1.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2012.  The 
increase was primarily due to modifications made to our compensation plans in response to the regulations that 
became effective July 1, 2011.  The modifications increased salary expense and also contributed to the decrease 
in bonus expense for the year ended September 30, 2012.  The increase in compensation and related costs was 
partially offset by a decrease in our staffing levels primarily attributable to the reduction in workforce completed 
in June 2011.  Additionally, we completed another reduction in workforce during the year ended September 30, 
2012 which resulted in severance expense of $0.9 million, as compared to $1.4 million during the June 2011 event.    

Our legal services expense increased $1.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2012 as a result of 
various legal claims. We have insurance policies that mitigate our exposure and enable us to recover a portion of 
amounts incurred.  

Bad debt expense decreased $3.5 million for the year ended September 30, 2012.  Bad debt expense for 
the year ended September 30, 2011 included approximately $1.5 million related to the non-Title IV federal funding 
agency clarification discussed in our 2012 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  During the year ended September 30, 
2012, our focused efforts on financial aid processes and collection activities led to lower out of school student 
balances and lower bad debt expense.  Additionally, we collected approximately $0.6 million on a note receivable, 

65

 
 
related to the previous sale of a business unit, which had been written off in 2004.  As a result of this collection, 
bad debt expense represents 1.3% of revenue for the year ended September 30, 2012.  

Income taxes.  Our provision for income taxes for the year ended September 30, 2012 was $5.9 million, 
or 39.6% of pre-tax income compared to $18.2 million or 40.3% of pre-tax income for the year ended September 
30, 2011.  The effective income tax rate in each year differed from the federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily 
as a result of state income taxes, net of related federal income tax benefits.  

Net income.  As a result of the foregoing, we reported net income for the year ended September 30, 2012 

of $9.0 million, as compared to net income of $26.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2011. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe that our cash flow from operations, cash 
on hand and investments will satisfy our working capital needs, capital expenditures, commitments and other 
liquidity  requirements  associated  with  our  existing  operations  as  well  as  the  integration  of  our Automotive 
Technology and Diesel Technology II curricula to existing campuses through the next 12 months.

We  believe  that  the  strategic  use  of  our  cash  resources  includes  supporting  the  integration  of  our 
Automotive Technology and Diesel Technology II curricula to existing campuses, as well as subsidizing funding 
alternatives  for  our  students  and  expansion  of  programs  at  existing  campuses.   Additionally,  we  evaluate  the 
repurchase of our common stock, payment of dividends, consideration of strategic acquisitions and other potential 
uses of cash. On December 21, 2012; March 29, 2013; June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2013, we paid cash 
dividends of $0.10 per share on the common stock of the Company.  Additionally, as discussed previously, we 
repurchased approximately $5.4 million of our outstanding common stock during the year ended September 30, 
2013. To the extent that potential acquisitions are large enough to require financing beyond cash from operations, 
we may issue debt resulting in increased interest expense.  Our aggregate cash and cash equivalents and current 
investments were $93.2 million and $97.1 million as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Our principal source of liquidity is operating cash flows.  A majority of our revenues are derived from 
Title IV Programs.  Federal regulations dictate the timing of disbursements of funds under Title IV Programs.  
Students must apply for new funding for each academic year consisting of thirty-week periods.  Loan funds are 
generally provided by lenders in two disbursements for each academic year.  The first disbursement is usually 
received 30 days after the start of a student’s academic year and the second disbursement is typically received at 
the beginning of the sixteenth week from the start of the student’s academic year.  Under our proprietary loan 
program, we bear all credit and collection risk and students are not required to begin repayment until six months 
after the student completes or withdraws from his or her program.  These factors, together with the timing of when 
our students begin their programs, affect our operating cash flow.

Operating Activities

Our net cash provided by operating activities was $26.7 million, $18.5 million, and $58.1 million for the 
years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The cash provided by operating activities in 2013 
was primarily attributable to net income of $3.8 million and adjustments of $29.6 million for non-cash and other 
items, partially offset by $6.7 million related to the change in our operating assets and liabilities. The increase from 
2012 to 2013 was primarily attributable to changes in our operating assets and liabilities. 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

For the year ended September 30, 2013, the changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in cash 
outflows of $6.7 million. The outflows were primarily attributable to changes in deferred revenue.  The decrease 
in deferred revenue resulted in a cash outflow of $5.7 million and was primarily attributable to the timing of student 

66

 
 
starts, the lower number of students in school and where they were at period end in relation to the completion of 
their program at September 30, 2013 compared to September 30, 2012.  

Partially offsetting the cash outflows was a cash inflow of $1.5 million related to a decrease in prepaid 
expense and other current assets.  The decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets was primarily related 
to the reimbursement of certain construction expenses related to the relocation of our Glendale Heights, Illinois 
campus to, and the design and construction of, a new campus in Lisle, Illinois. 

For the year ended September 30, 2012, the changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in cash 
outflows of $18.8 million.  The net outflow was primarily attributable to changes in receivables, prepaid expenses 
and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses, deferred revenue, income tax payable, and other 
liabilities.  The increase in receivables resulted in a cash outflow of $10.1 million and was related to the timing of 
Title IV disbursements and other cash receipts on behalf of our students. The decrease in deferred revenue resulted 
in a cash outflow of $8.8 million and was primarily attributable to the timing of student starts, the lower number 
of  students  in  school  and  where  they  were  at  period  end  in  relation  to  the  completion  of  their  program  as  of 
September 30, 2012 compared to September 30, 2011. The increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets 
resulted in a cash outflow of $3.5 million and was primarily related to a $2.0 million prepaid to fund project plan 
modifications related to the relocation of our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus to, and the design and construction 
of a new campus in, Lisle, Illinois. We experienced a cash outflow of $1.3 million due to a decrease in the income 
taxes payable as of September 30, 2012, as compared to September 30, 2011, which was attributable to the decrease 
in income before taxes. 

Partially offsetting the cash outflows for the year ended September 30, 2012 was a cash inflow of $3.0 million 
resulting from an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses. This increase was primarily due to the timing 
of payments of 2012 bonuses and the accrued severance costs recorded related to the September 2012 reduction 
in workforce. During the year ended September 30, 2012, we returned approximately $3.1 million of the total $4.3 
million obligation recorded related to the clarification from the non Title IV funding agency discussed in our 2012 
Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additionally, the increase in other liabilities results in a cash inflow of $2.1 million 
resulting primarily from a $1.0 million increase in deferred costs associated with the relocation of our Glendale 
Heights, Illinois campus to, and the design and construction of a new campus in, Lisle, Illinois.

For the year ended September 30, 2011, the changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in cash 
outflows of $10.5 million. The outflows were primarily attributable to changes in accounts payable and accrued 
expenses, deferred rent liability and income tax payable. The cash outflow of $15.0 million attributable to accounts 
payable and accrued expenses was primarily due to the payments of 2010 bonuses, accelerated bonus payments 
in June 2011 due to modifications in our compensation plans and timing of our payroll cycle. The cash outflow 
was offset by the elimination of current bonus plans in order to comply with the new regulations effective July 1, 
2011. In September 2010, we entered into a leasing arrangement to relocate our corporate office headquarters 
during the second quarter of 2011. The lease included incentives such as a leasehold improvement allowance, 
moving allowance, and free rent periods which will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the initial lease 
term resulting in a $6.2 million increase in deferred rent. We experienced a cash inflow of $3.3 million as a result 
of being in a payable position as of September 30, 2011 rather than a receivable position for income taxes in the 
prior year. 

Investing Activities

For the year ended September 30, 2013, cash used in investing activities was $20.8 million and was primarily 
related to $9.4 million in purchases of property and equipment and approximately $111.8 million for the purchase 
of investments. The increase in restricted cash resulted in a cash outflow of $3.7 million and was primarily due to 
the transfer of funds for loan purchases to a deposit account in connection with our proprietary loan program. The 
cash outflows were partially offset by approximately $104.1 million of proceeds received upon the maturity of our 
investments. 

67

 
For the year ending September 30, 2014, we anticipate our investment in capital expenditures will be lower 
than the amounts invested for the year ended September 30, 2013 by approximately $13.9 million. We anticipate 
investing in the range of $5.9 million to $6.3 million in computer equipment and training aids during 2014 as part 
of the expansion of programs at existing campuses and the integration of our Automotive Technology and Diesel 
Technology II curricula at our Sacramento, California campus and other future campus locations. 

For the year ended September 30, 2012, cash used in investing activities was $16.6 million and was primarily 
related to $11.3 million in purchases of property and equipment and approximately $92.5 million for the purchase 
of  investments. Approximately  $1.9  million  of  the  purchases  of  property  and  equipment  was  invested  in  the 
transformation  of  our Automotive  Technology  and  Diesel  Technology  II  program  curricula. Additionally,  we 
invested approximately $4.0 million in a joint venture as discussed previously. The cash outflows were partially 
offset by approximately $90.6 million of proceeds received upon the maturity of our investments. 

For the year ended September 30, 2011, cash used in investing activities was $54.0 million and was primarily 
related to the purchase of property and equipment and investments in combination with investing in new and 
replacement training equipment for ongoing operations. The following is a summary of our significant investments 
in capital expenditure activities. 

•  We invested approximately $5.5 million in office leasehold improvements primarily related to our new 

corporate office headquarters.

•  We invested approximately $4.1 million in the transformation of our Automotive Technology and Diesel 

Technology II program curricula.

•  We invested approximately $3.4 million in equipment necessary to offer our Diesel and Industrial program 

at our Rancho Cucamonga, California campus.

Financing Activities

For the year ended September 30, 2013, cash used in financing activities was $16.0 million and was 
primarily attributable to the payment of cash dividends on December 21, 2012, March 29, 2013, June 28, 2013, 
and September 30, 2013 of $0.10 per share totaling $9.8 million and the repurchase of $5.4 million of treasury 
stock. 

For the year ended September 30, 2012, cash used in financing activities was $9.9 million and was primarily 
attributable to the payment of cash dividends on March 30, June 29, and September 28, 2012 of $0.10 per share 
totaling $7.4 million and the repurchase of $1.8 million of treasury stock. 

For the year ended September 30, 2011, cash provided by financing activities was $0.6 million and was 

attributable to activity in our stock-based compensation plans. 

Share Repurchase Program

On December 20, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of our 
common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing and actual number of 
shares purchased will depend on a variety of factors such as price, corporate and regulatory requirements, and 
prevailing market conditions. We may terminate or limit the share repurchase program at any time without prior 
notice. During the year ended September 30, 2013, we purchased 561,400 shares at an average price per share of 
$9.62 and a total cost of approximately $5.4 million. As of September 30, 2013, we have purchased 705,000 shares 
at an average price per share of $10.27 and a total cost of approximately $7.3 million under this program.

Contractual Obligations 

68

 
The  following  table  sets  forth,  as  of  September  30,  2013,  the  aggregate  amounts  of  our  significant 
contractual obligations and commitments with definitive payment terms that will require cash outlays in the future.

Payments Due by Period

Total

Less than

1 year

1-3

years

3-5

years

More than

5 years

(In thousands)

Operating leases (1)
Purchase obligations (2)
Other long-term obligations (3)
Total contractual commitments

$

209,067

$

29,066

$

56,051

$

46,964

$

76,986

49,145

65,847

26,807

2,443

14,865

7,035

6,985

6,401

488

49,968

$

324,059

$

58,316

$

77,951

$

60,350

$

127,442

(1)  Minimum rental commitments.  These amounts do not include property taxes, insurance or normal 

recurring repairs and maintenance.

(2)  Includes all agreements to purchase goods or services of either a fixed or minimum quantity that are enforceable 
and  legally  binding.   Additionally,  purchase  orders  outstanding  as  of  September  30,  2013,  employment 
contracts and minimum payments under licensing and royalty agreements are included.

(3)  Includes lease payments for our Lisle, Illinois campus which will be accounted for as a financing obligation.  
See  Note 8 of the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements within Part II, Item 8 of this Report on Form 
10-K for further discussion.  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Each of our campuses must be authorized by the applicable state education agency in which the campus 
is located to operate and to grant degrees or diplomas to its students.  Our campuses are subject to extensive, 
ongoing  regulation  by  each  of  these  states.   Additionally,  our  campuses  are  required  to  be  authorized  by  the 
applicable state education agencies of certain other states in which our campuses recruit students.  Our insurers 
issue surety bonds for us on behalf of our campuses and admissions representatives with multiple states to maintain 
authorization to conduct our business.  We are obligated to reimburse our insurers for any surety bonds that are 
paid by the insurers.  As of September 30, 2013, the total face amount of these surety bonds was approximately 
$19.2 million.

Additionally, our consolidated balance sheets do not reflect our operating lease obligations described 
above  in  "Contractual  Obligations"  or  our  proprietary  loan  program  described  below  in  "Critical Accounting 
Estimates".

Related Party Transactions

Information  concerning  certain  related  party  transactions  is  included  in  Note  11  of  the  notes  to  our 

Consolidated Financial Statements within Part II, Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K. 

For  a  description  of  additional  information  regarding  related  party  transactions,  see  the  information 
included  in  our  proxy  statement  for  the  2014 Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders  under  the  heading  “Certain 
Relationships and Related Transactions”. 

Seasonality 

Our revenues and operating results normally fluctuate as a result of seasonal variations in our business, 

69

 
principally due to changes in total student population and costs associated with opening or expanding our campuses.  
Student population varies as a result of new student enrollments, graduations and student attrition.  Historically, 
our schools have had lower student populations in our third quarter than in the remainder of our year because fewer 
students are enrolled during the summer months.  Additionally, our schools have had higher student populations 
in our fourth quarter than in the remainder of the year because more students enroll during this period.  Our expenses, 
however, do not vary significantly with changes in student population and revenues and, as a result, such expenses 
do not fluctuate significantly on a quarterly basis.  We expect quarterly fluctuations in operating results to continue 
as a result of seasonal enrollment patterns.  Such patterns may change, however, as a result of new school openings, 
new program introductions, increased enrollments of adult students or acquisitions.  Furthermore, our revenues 
for the first quarter ending December 31 are impacted by the closure of our campuses for a week in December for 
a holiday break and during which we do not earn revenue.

Operating income is negatively impacted during the initial start up of new campus openings.  We incur 
marketing and admissions costs as well as campus personnel costs in advance of the campus opening.  Typically 
we begin to incur such costs approximately 12 to 15 months in advance of the campus opening with the majority 
of the costs being incurred in the nine month period prior to a campus opening.  

Revenues

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

2011

Three Month Period Ending:

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

December 31

March 31

June 30

September 30

($'s in thousands)

$

98,441

25.9% $ 106,427

25.7% $ 117,447

95,075

90,954

95,798

25.0%

23.9%

25.2%

106,240

99,601

101,284

25.7%

24.1%

24.5%

114,161

108,934

111,358

$ 380,268

100% $ 413,552

100% $ 451,900

26.0%

25.3%

24.1%

24.6%

100%

Income (Loss) from Operations

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

2011

Three Month Period Ending: Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

December 31

March 31

June 30

September 30

$

6,006

101.3 % $

(1,939)

(32.7)%

458

1,404

5,929

$

7.7 %

23.7 %

($'s in thousands)

7,327

3,015

1,518

2,255

51.9% $ 16,853

21.4%

10.8%

15.9%

11,390

6,706

9,597

100 % $ 14,115

100% $ 44,546

37.8%

25.6%

15.1%

21.5%

100%

The decline in revenues and income from operations for each of the three month periods ended March 
31, June 30, and September 30, 2013 and 2012 and for the three months ended December 31, 2012, as compared 
to the same periods in the prior year, was primarily due to a decrease in our student population in 2013 and 2012, 
respectively.

The decline in income from operations during the three months ended June 30, 2011 was primarily due 

to a reduction in workforce of 195 employees nationwide, which resulted in severance costs of $4.3 million.

70

 
Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our financial statements, 
which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or 
GAAP.  During the preparation of these financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent 
assets and liabilities.  On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to 
revenue recognition, our proprietary loan program, allowance for uncollectible accounts, investments, goodwill 
recoverability,  bonus  plans,  self-insurance  claim  liabilities,  income  taxes,  contingencies  and  stock-based 
compensation.  We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe 
are reasonable under the circumstances.  The results of our analysis form the basis for making judgments about 
the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  Actual results may 
differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and the impact of such differences may be 
material to our consolidated financial statements.

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2 of the notes to our Consolidated Financial 
Statements within Part II, Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K.  We believe that the following accounting estimates 
are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, and they require 
management’s most subjective and complex judgments in estimating the effect of inherent uncertainties.

Revenue recognition.  Revenues consist primarily of student tuition and fees derived from the programs 
we provide after reductions are made for discounts and scholarships we sponsor, refunds for students who withdraw 
from our programs prior to specified dates and the portion of tuition students have funded through our proprietary 
loan program for which payment has not been received.  Tuition and fee revenue is recognized ratably over the 
term of the course or program offered.  Approximately 98% of our revenues for each of the years ended September 
30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 consisted of tuition.  Our undergraduate programs are typically designed to be completed 
in 45 to 102 weeks and our advanced training programs range from 11 to 24 weeks in duration.  We supplement 
our revenues with sales of textbooks and program supplies, student housing and other revenues.  Sales of textbooks 
and program supplies, revenue related to student housing and other revenue are each recognized as sales occur or 
services are performed.  Deferred revenue represents the excess of tuition and fee payments received, as compared 
to tuition and fees earned, and is reflected as a current liability in our consolidated balance sheets because it is 
expected to be earned within the next twelve months. 

Proprietary Loan Program.  In order to provide funding for students who are not able to fully finance 
the cost of their education under traditional governmental financial aid programs, commercial loan programs or 
other alternative sources, we established a private loan program with a bank (original bank). During the year ended 
September 30, 2013, the original bank exercised its right to terminate the agreement effective April 30, 2013. The 
original bank subsequently agreed to an extension through June 29, 2013. During June 2013, we entered into an 
agreement with a new bank (the bank), which began accepting student loan applications on June 29, 2013. The 
terms under the agreement are substantially the same as the agreement with the original bank. Under terms of the 
related agreement, the bank originates loans for our students who meet our specific credit criteria with the related 
proceeds used exclusively to fund a portion of their tuition.  We then purchase all such loans from the bank at least 
monthly and assume all of the related credit risk.  The loans bear interest at market rates; however, principal and 
interest payments are not required until six months after the student completes or withdraws from his or her program.  
After the deferral period, monthly principal and interest payments are required over the related term of the loan. 

In substance, we provide the students who participate in this program with extended payment terms for 
a portion of their tuition and as a result, we account for the underlying transactions in accordance with our tuition 
revenue recognition policy. However, due to the nature of the program coupled with the extended payment terms 
required under the student loan agreements, collectability is not reasonably assured. Accordingly, we recognize 
tuition and loan origination fees financed by the loan and any related interest income required under the loan when 
such amounts are collected. All related expenses incurred with the bank or other service providers are expensed 

71

 
as incurred.  Since loan collectability is not reasonably assured, the loans and related deferred tuition revenue are 
not recognized in our consolidated balance sheets. 

Allowance for uncollectible accounts.  We maintain an allowance for uncollectible accounts for estimated 
losses resulting from the inability, failure or refusal of our students to make required payments.  We offer a variety 
of payment plans to help students pay that portion of their education expenses not covered by financial aid programs 
or alternate fund sources, which are unsecured and not guaranteed.  

We use estimates that are subjective and require judgment in determining the allowance for doubtful 
accounts, which are principally based on accounts receivable, historical percentages of uncollectible accounts, 
customer credit worthiness and changes in payment history when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for 
uncollectible  accounts.  We  also  monitor  and  consider  external  factors  such  as  changes  in  the  economic  and 
regulatory environment. We use an internal group of collectors, augmented by third party collectors as deemed 
appropriate, in our collection efforts. When a student with Title IV loans withdraws, Title IV rules determine if we 
are required to return a portion of Title IV funds to the lender. We are then entitled to collect these funds from the 
students,  but  collection  rates  for  these  types  of  receivables  is  significantly  lower  than  our  collection  rates  for 
receivables for students who remain in our programs. 

Although  we  believe  that  our  allowance  is  adequate,  if  we  underestimate  the  allowances  required, 
additional  allowances  may  be  necessary,  which  would  result  in  increased  selling,  general  and  administrative 
expenses in the period such determination is made.  

Goodwill.  Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the estimated fair 
values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  Goodwill is reviewed at least annually for impairment, which 
might result from the deterioration in the operating performance of the acquired business, adverse market conditions, 
adverse changes in the applicable laws or regulations and a variety of other circumstances.  Any resulting impairment 
charge would be recognized as an expense in the period in which impairment is identified. 

Our goodwill resulted from the acquisition of our motorcycle and marine education business in 1998.  We 
allocated  such  goodwill,  which  totaled  $20.6  million,  to  two  of  our  reporting  units  that  provide  the  related 
educational programs.  We assess our goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. In 
performing our impairment tests, we first consider the option to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it 
is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit or intangible, as applicable, is less than its carrying 
amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying amount based on 
our  qualitative  assessment,  or  that  a  qualitative  assessment  should  not  be  performed,  we  proceed  with  the 
quantitative impairment tests to compare the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value of its 
net assets.  

The  process  of  evaluating  goodwill  and  indefinite-lived  intangibles  for  impairment  is  subjective  and 
requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. If we elect to perform an optional qualitative 
analysis, we consider many factors including, but not limited to, general economic conditions, industry and market 
conditions, our market capitalization, financial performance and key business drivers, long-term operating plans 
and potential changes to significant assumptions used in the most recent fair value analysis for the reporting unit.

When  performing  a  quantitative  goodwill  impairment  test,  we  generally  determine  the  fair  value  of 
reporting units using an income-based approach consisting of a discounted cash flow valuation method. The fair 
value determination consists primarily of using unobservable inputs under the fair value measurement standards, 
and we believe our related assumptions are consistent with a reasonable market participant view while employing 
the concept of highest and best use of the asset. 

We believe the most critical assumptions and estimates in determining the estimated fair value of our 
reporting units include, but are not limited to, future tuition revenues, operating costs, working capital changes, 

72

 
 
 
 
capital expenditures and a discount rate that approximated our weighted average cost of capital. The assumptions 
used in determining our expected future cash flows consider various factors such as historical operating trends 
particularly in student enrollment and pricing and long-term operating strategies and initiatives. 

2013 Impairment Testing

We completed our 2013 annual goodwill impairment tests and determined there was no impairment. We 
performed quantitative goodwill impairment tests using the fair value method described above.  The fair values of 
the reporting units exceeded book values by over 50%. While actual experience will differ from the amounts 
included in our assessment, we do not believe that a related impairment of our goodwill is reasonably possible in 
the foreseeable future.

Self-Insurance.  We are self-insured for a number of risks including claims related to employee health 
care and dental care and workers’ compensation.  The accounting for our self-insured plans involves estimates and 
judgments to determine our ultimate liability related to reported claims and claims incurred but not reported.  We 
consider our historical experience, severity factors, actuarial analysis and existing stop loss insurance in estimating 
our ultimate insurance liability.  If our insurance claim trends were to differ significantly from our historic claim 
experience, we would make a corresponding adjustment to our insurance reserves.

Income taxes.  We are subject to the income tax laws of the U.S., which are complex and subject to 
different interpretations by the taxpayer and the relevant governmental taxing authorities. As a result, significant 
judgments and interpretations are required in determining our provision for income taxes. We assess the likelihood 
that our deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income and establish a valuation allowance if we 
determine that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized.  
Changes in the valuation allowance are included in our statement of operations as a charge or credit to income tax 
expense.  We make assumptions, judgments and estimates in determining our provisions for income taxes, assessing 
our ability to utilize any future tax benefit from our deferred tax assets.  Although we believe that our estimates 
are reasonable, changes in tax laws or our interpretation of tax laws, and the outcome of future tax audits could 
significantly impact the amounts provided for income taxes in our consolidated financial statements.  Additionally, 
actual operating results and the underlying amount and category of income in future years could render our current 
assessment of recoverable deferred tax assets inaccurate.

Contingencies.    In  the  ordinary  conduct  of  the  business,  we  are  subject  to  occasional  lawsuits, 
investigations  and  claims,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  claims  involving  students  and  graduates  and  routine 
employment matters.  When we are aware of a claim or potential claim, we assess the likelihood of any loss or 
exposure.  If it is probable that a loss will result and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record 
a liability for the loss.  If the loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, we 
disclose the nature of the specific claim if the likelihood of a potential loss is reasonably possible and the amount 
involved is material. For matters where no loss contingency is recorded, we expense legal fees as incurred. There 
can be no assurance that the ultimate outcome of any of the lawsuits, investigations or claims pending against us 
will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements  

There are no recently issued accounting pronouncements which are not yet effective that are expected to 

have a material effect on our financial statements.

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Our principal exposure to market risk relates to changes in interest rates.  We invest our cash and cash 
equivalents  in  mutual  funds  that  invest  in  U.S.  treasury  notes,  U.S.  treasury  bills  and  repurchase  agreements 
collateralized by U.S. treasury notes, U.S. treasury bills and pre-funded municipal bonds collateralized by escrowed-

73

 
 
to-maturity U.S. treasury notes.  As of September 30, 2013, we held $35.7 million in cash and cash equivalents 
and $61.7 million in investments.  For the year ended September 30, 2013, we earned interest income of $0.2 
million.  We do not believe that reasonably possible changes in interest rates will have a material effect on our 
financial position, results of operations or cash flows.  

As of September 30, 2013, we did not have short-term or long-term borrowings.  

Effect of Inflation

To date, inflation has not had a significant effect on our operations.

ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The following financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries are included below on pages F-2 to 

F-33 of this report:

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2013 and 2012
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September  30, 2013, 2012
and 2011

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
Number
F-2
F-3
F-4
F-5
F-6

F-7
F-8

ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure 
controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of 
September 30, 2013, pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive 
Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 
2013 were effective in ensuring that (i) information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it 
files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods 
specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports 
that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, 
including  its  principal  executive  and  principal  financial  officers,  or  persons  performing  similar  functions,  as 
appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

74

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the 
evaluation required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) that occurred during the quarter ended September 
30, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial 
reporting.

Management’s  Report  on  Internal  Control  Over  Financial  Reporting  and  our  Independent  Registered 
Public Accounting Firm’s report with respect to the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting are 
included on pages F-2 and F-3, respectively, of this Report on Form 10-K.

Management’s Certifications

The Company has filed as exhibits to its annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 
2013, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and 
the Chief Financial Officer of the Company required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

The Company has submitted to the New York Stock Exchange the most recent Annual Chief Executive 
Officer Certification as required by Section 303A.12(a) of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

PART III

The information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the 
headings “Election of Directors”; “Corporate Governance and Related Matters”; “Code of Conduct”; “Corporate 
Governance Guidelines” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” is incorporated herein 
by reference.  Information regarding executive officers of the Company is set forth under the caption “Executive 
Officers of Universal Technical Institute, Inc.” in Part I hereof.  

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the 
heading  “Executive  Compensation”,  “Compensation  Committee  Interlocks”  and  “Compensation  Committee 
Report” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the 
headings “Equity Compensation Plan Information” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and 
Management” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM  13.  CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE

The information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the 
heading “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Corporate Governance and Related Matters” is 
incorporated herein by reference.

75

 
 
 
 
ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information set forth in our proxy statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the 
heading “Fees Paid to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP” and “Audit Committee Pre-Approval Procedures for Services 
Provided by the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” is incorporated herein by reference.

76

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

(a) 

Documents filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

(1) 

(2) 

The financial statements required to be included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K 
are included in Item 8 of this Report.

All other schedules have been omitted because they are not required, are not 
applicable, or the required information is shown on the financial statements or the 
notes thereto. 

(3) 

Exhibits:

77

Exhibit
Number
3.1

4.1

4.2

3.2

10.1*

Description
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K dated December 23, 2004.)
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on December 14, 2011.)
Specimen Certificate evidencing shares of common stock.  (Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated October 3, 2003, 
or an amendment thereto (No. 333-109430).)
Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 16, 2003, between Registrant and certain 
stockholders signatory thereto.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated October 3, 2003, or an amendment thereto (No. 
333-109430).)
Universal  Technical  Institute  Executive  Benefit  Plan,  effective  March  1,  1997.  
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on 
Form S-1 dated October 3, 2003, or an amendment thereto (No. 333-109430).)
10.2* Management  2002  Option  Program.    (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  to  the 
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated October 3, 2003, or an amendment 
thereto (No. 333-109430).)
Universal Technical Institute, Inc. 2003 Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended January 
6, 2012). (Formerly known as the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan). (Incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on February 23, 2012.)
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on June 21, 2006.)
Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the 
Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on June 21, 2006.)
Form of Performance Shares Award Agreement.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.5.4 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed December 1, 2009.)
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on September 11, 2013.)
Lease Agreement, dated April 1, 1994, as amended, between City Park LLC, as successor 
in interest to 2844 West Deer Valley L.L.C., as landlord, and Universal Technical Institute 
of Phoenix, Inc., formerly known as The Clinton Harley Corporation, as tenant.  (Filed 
herewith.)

10.3*

10.5

10.4.3*

10.4.4*

10.4.1*

10.4.2*

78

Exhibit
Number
10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9*

Description
Lease Agreement, dated July 2, 2001, as amended, between John C. and Cynthia L. White, 
as trustees of the John C. and Cynthia L. White 1989 Family Trust, as landlord, and The 
Clinton Harley Corporation, as tenant.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the 
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated October 3, 2003, or an amendment 
thereto (No. 333-109430).)
Lease Agreement, dated July 2, 2001, between Delegates LLC, as landlord, and The Clinton 
Harley  Corporation,  as  tenant.    (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.14  to  the 
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated October 3, 2003, or an amendment 
thereto (No. 333-109430).)
Form  of  Indemnification  Agreement  by  and  between  Registrant  and  its  directors  and 
officers.    (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.16  to  the  Registrant’s  Registration 
Statement on Form S-1 dated April 5, 2004, or an amendment thereto (No. 333-114185).)
Deferred Compensation Plan.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K 
filed by the Registrant on April 6, 2010.)

10.10.1* Employment Agreement, dated  March 7, 2011, between the Company and  Kimberly J. 
McWaters. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to a Form 8-K filed by the Registrant 
on March 8, 2011.)

10.10.2* First Amendment to Employment Agreement, effective as of October 1, 2012, between the 
Company and Kimberly J. McWaters. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the 
Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on October 3, 2012.)

10.11.1* Employment Agreement,  dated  March  7,  2011,  between  the  Company  and  Eugene  S. 
Putnam, Jr. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant 
on March 8, 2011.)

10.11.2* First Amendment to Employment Agreement, effective as of October 1, 2012, between the 
Company and Eugene S. Putnam, Jr. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 
8-K filed by the Registrant on October 3, 2012.)

10.12.1* Employment Agreement, dated March 7, 2011, between the Company and John C. White. 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on March 
8, 2011.)

10.12.2* First Amendment to Employment Agreement, effective as of October 1, 2012, between the 
Company and John C. White. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 8-K 
filed by the Registrant on October 3, 2012.)

10.12.3* Severance & Transition Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2013, between Universal 
Technical Institute, Inc. and John C. White. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on October 4, 2013.)

10.13.1* Offer Letter, dated as of August 2, 2012, between Universal Technical Institute, Inc. and

Sherrell E. Smith.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by
the Registrant on August 21, 2012.)

10.13.2* Addendum Letter, dated as of August 7, 2012, between Universal Technical Institute,
Inc. and Sherrell E. Smith.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K
filed by the Registrant on August 21, 2012.)

10.14* Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, effective as of October 1, 2012, between 
the Company and Kenneth J. Cranston.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the 
Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on November 1, 2012.)

79

 
Exhibit
Number
10.15

21.1
23.1
24.1
31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

101

Description
Form of Retention/Recognition Bonus Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on June 13, 2011.)
Subsidiaries of Registrant.  (Filed herewith.)
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.  (Filed herewith.)
Power of Attorney. (Included on signature page.)
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002.  (Filed herewith.)
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002.  (Filed herewith.)
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant 
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  (Filed herewith.)
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant 
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  (Filed herewith.)
The following financial information from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year 
ended  September  30,  2013,  formatted  in  Extensible  Business  Reporting  Language 
(XBRL): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income; (iii) 
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash 
Flows; and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

*Indicates a contract with management or compensatory plan or arrangement.

80

 
SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the 
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly 
authorized. 

Date: December 4, 2013  

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC.

By:  /s/ John C. White 
John C. White
Chairman of the Board 

POWER OF ATTORNEY 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below 
constitutes and appoints John C. White and Eugene S. Putnam, Jr., or either of them, as his true and 
lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his 
name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K and any documents related to this report and filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, 
with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  granting  unto  said  attorneys-in-fact  and  agents,  full 
power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done 
in connection therewith as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby 
ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitute or substitutes may 
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed 
below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURE

/s/ John C. White
John C. White 

TITLE

Chairman of the Board

DATE
December 4, 2013

/s/ Kimberly J. McWaters
Kimberly J. McWaters

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive
Officer) and Director

December 4, 2013

/s/ Eugene S. Putnam, Jr. 
Eugene S. Putnam, Jr.

/s/ David A. Blaszkiewicz
David A. Blaszkiewicz

/s/ Alan E. Cabito
Alan E. Cabito

/s/ Conrad A. Conrad
Conrad A. Conrad 

/s/ Dr. Roderick Paige 
Dr. Roderick Paige 

/s/ Roger S. Penske
Roger S. Penske

/s/ Linda J. Srere
Linda J. Srere

/s/ Kenneth R. Trammell
Kenneth R. Trammell

President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal
Financial Officer and Principal Accounting
Officer)

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

December 4, 2013

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

82

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2013 and 2012

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and
2011

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
Number

F-2

F-3

F-4

F-5
F-6

F-7

F-8

F- 1

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting for the company and for assessing the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as such 
term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Internal control over financial reporting 
is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation 
of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States.

Internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to maintaining records 
that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of the company’s assets; 
providing reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of our financial 
statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States; providing reasonable 
assurance that receipts and expenditures of company assets are made in accordance with management and director 
authorization;  and  providing  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized 
acquisition, use or disposition of company assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks that controls 
may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the  policies  or 
procedures may deteriorate.

Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting 
based on the framework established in “Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992)” issued by the Committee 
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2013. There were no 
changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2013 that have 
materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2013 has 
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their 
report which appears herein.

F- 2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of 
income, of shareholders’ equity, and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
Universal Technical Institute, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“the Company”) at September 30, 2013 and 2012, and the 
results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2013 
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, 
the  Company  maintained,  in  all  material  respects,  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
September 30, 2013, based on criteria established in “Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992)” issued 
by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO).  The  Company’s 
management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial 
reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the 
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express 
opinions on these financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on 
our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting 
Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal 
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements 
included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, 
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall 
financial  statement  presentation.  Our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  included  obtaining  an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and 
testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our 
audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Phoenix, Arizona
December 4, 2013

F- 3

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 

Assets
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Investments, current portion

Receivables, net

Deferred tax assets, net

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets

Investments, less current portion

Property and equipment, net

Goodwill

Deferred tax assets, net

Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Deferred revenue

Accrued tool sets

Income tax payable

Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Deferred rent liability

Construction liability

Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)

Shareholders’ equity:

Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized,
30,535,847 shares issued and 24,643,520 shares outstanding as of
September 30, 2013 and 30,222,132 shares issued and 24,891,205
shares outstanding as of September 30, 2012

Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; 0
shares issued and outstanding

Paid-in capital

Treasury stock, at cost, 5,892,327 shares as of September 30, 2013 and
5,330,927 as of September 30, 2012

Retained earnings

Total shareholders’ equity

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

September 30, 2013

September 30, 2012

(In thousands)

$

35,657

$

5,748

57,531

11,406

7,452

15,553

133,347

4,188

103,070

20,579

8,835

9,444

45,665

104

51,455

14,910

7,977

14,873

134,984

4,533

91,939

20,579

5,576

10,547

$

$

279,463

$

268,158

39,229

$

46,890

3,971

79

2,192

92,361

11,932

27,632

8,768

40,865

52,564

4,264

744

1,003

99,440

12,946

2,421

7,266

140,693

122,073

3

—

171,087

(89,346)

57,026

138,770

$

279,463

$

3

—

166,970

(83,924)

63,036

146,085

268,158

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F- 4

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

Revenues
Operating expenses:

Educational services and facilities
Selling, general and administrative
Total operating expenses

Income from operations
Other income:

Interest income
Interest expense
Other income

Total other income, net

Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Earnings per share:

Net income per share - basic

Net income per share - diluted

Weighted average number of shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

Cash dividends declared per common share

Year Ended September 30,
2013
2011
2012
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

$

380,268

$

413,552

$

451,900

199,540
174,799
374,339
5,929

235
(1)
655
889
6,818
3,008
3,810

0.16

0.15

24,515

24,704

$

$

$

211,979
187,458
399,437
14,115

306
(4)
545
847
14,962
5,930
9,032

0.37

0.36

24,711

24,937

$

$

$

0.40

$

0.30

$

223,628
183,726
407,354
44,546

258
(6)
291
543
45,089
18,192
26,897

1.10

1.09

24,427

24,740

—

$

$

$

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F- 5

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Paid-in
Capital

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Retained
Earnings

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

Balance as of September 30, 2010

29,149

$

Net income

Issuance of common stock under
employee plans

Shares withheld for payroll taxes

Tax benefit from employee stock plans

Stock-based compensation

—

517

(106)

—

—

Balance as of September 30, 2011

29,560

$

Net income

Issuance of common stock under
employee plans

Shares withheld for payroll taxes

Tax benefit from employee stock plans

Stock-based compensation

Shares repurchased

Cash dividends declared

—

452

210

—

—

—

—

Balance as of September 30, 2012

30,222

$

Net income

Issuance of common stock under
employee plans

Shares withheld for payroll taxes

Tax benefit from employee stock plans

Stock-based compensation

Shares repurchased

Cash dividends declared

—

421

(107)

—

—

—

—

Balance as of September 30, 2013

30,536

$

3

—

—

—

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3

(In thousands)

$150,012

4,870

$ (76,506) $ 34,532

$

108,041

—

1,269

(1,739)

638

6,317

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

26,897

26,897

—

—

—

—

1,269

(1,739)

638

6,317

$156,497

4,870

$ (76,506) $ 61,429

$

141,423

9,032

9,032

—

(7,425)

$166,970

5,331

$ (83,924) $ 63,036

$

146,085

3,810

3,810

—

550

4,204

(773)

6,492

—

—

—

—

317

—

—

144

—

—

525

(1,263)

(1,059)

5,914

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

561

—

—

—

(5,569)

—

—

(1,849)

—

—

—

—

—

(5,422)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

550

(1,365)

(773)

6,492

(1,849)

(7,425)

525

(1,263)

(1,059)

5,914

(5,422)

(9,820)

$171,087

5,892

$ (89,346) $ 57,026

$

138,770

—

(9,820)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F- 6

 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Year Ended September 30,

2013

2012

2011

(In thousands)

$

3,810

$

9,032

$

26,897

Depreciation and amortization

Amortization of held-to-maturity investments

Bad debt expense

Stock-based compensation

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

Deferred income taxes

Training equipment credits earned, net

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

Changes in assets and liabilities:

Receivables

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Other assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Deferred revenue

Income tax payable/receivable

Accrued tool sets and other current liabilities

Deferred rent liability

Other liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment

Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment

Purchase of investments

Proceeds received upon maturity of investments

Proceeds from note receivable

Investment in joint venture

Restricted cash

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Payment of cash dividends

Payment of payroll taxes on stock-based compensation through shares withheld

Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee plans

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

Purchase of treasury stock

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Taxes paid

Training equipment obtained in exchange for services

Change in accrued capital expenditures during the period

Construction in progress financed by construction liability during the period

Stock based compensation classified as liability instruments

$

$

$

$

$

$

22,156

2,023

4,762

6,224

—

(3,793)

(1,926)

184

(1,258)

1,486

(1,223)

(700)

(5,674)

(665)

896

(1,014)

1,445

26,733

(9,352)

54

(111,848)

104,094

—

—

(3,709)

(20,761)

(9,820)

(1,263)

525

—

(5,422)

(15,980)

(10,008)

45,665

35,657

7,467

1,164

(1,088)

25,211

310

$

$

$

$

$

$

23,819

1,757

5,790

6,492

(159)

(8,490)

(1,127)

203

(10,109)

(3,520)

(1,227)

3,037

(8,830)

(1,288)

(96)

1,147

2,078

18,509

(11,342)

6

(92,503)

90,640

615

(4,000)

—

(16,584)

(7,425)

(1,365)

550

159

(1,849)

(9,930)

(8,005)

53,670

45,665

15,708

1,921

933

2,421

$

$

$

$

$

— $

24,842

1,195

8,679

6,279

(1,081)

2,296

(1,501)

957

(1,240)

391

(1,486)

(15,009)

(1,882)

3,279

231

6,178

(953)

58,072

(29,098)

64

(89,538)

64,585

—

—

—

(53,987)

—

(1,739)

1,269

1,081

—

611

4,696

48,974

53,670

12,615

1,399

(2,434)

—

—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F- 7

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

1.    Business Description

Universal Technical Institute, Inc. (“UTI” or, collectively, “we” and “our”) provides postsecondary education 
for students seeking careers as professional automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians. 
We offer undergraduate degree and diploma programs at 11 campuses and advanced training programs that are 
sponsored  by  the  manufacturer  or  dealer  at  dedicated  training  centers. We  work  closely  with  leading  original 
equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in the automotive, diesel, motorcycle and marine industries to understand their 
needs for qualified service professionals. Revenues generated from our schools consist primarily of tuition and 
fees paid by students. To pay for a substantial portion of their tuition, the majority of students rely on funds received 
from federal financial aid programs under Title IV Programs of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended 
(HEA). For further discussion, see Concentration of Risk and Note 16 “Governmental Regulation and Financial 
Aid”.

2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of UTI and its wholly-owned 

subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. Such estimates and assumptions 
affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets 
and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue 
recognition,  our  proprietary  loan  program,  allowance  for  uncollectible  accounts,  investments,  property  and 
equipment, goodwill recoverability, bonus plans, self-insurance claim liabilities, income taxes, contingencies and 
stock-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that 
we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of our analysis form the basis for making judgments 
about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results 
may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and the impact of such differences may 
be material to our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues consist primarily of student tuition and fees derived from the programs we provide after reductions 
are made for discounts and scholarships we sponsor, refunds for students who withdraw from our programs prior 
to specified dates and the portion of tuition students have funded through our proprietary loan program for which 
payment has not been received. Tuition and fee revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the course or program 
offered. Approximately 98% of our revenues for each of the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 
consisted of tuition. The majority of our undergraduate programs are designed to be completed in 45 to 102 weeks 
and our advanced training programs range from 11 to 24 weeks in duration. We supplement our revenues with 
sales of textbooks and program supplies, student housing and other revenues. Sales of textbooks and program 
supplies, revenue related to student housing and other revenue are each recognized as sales occur or services are 
performed. Deferred revenue represents the excess of tuition and fee payments received as compared to tuition 
and fees earned and is reflected as a current liability in our consolidated balance sheets because it is expected to 
be earned within the next twelve months. 

F- 8

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

 Proprietary Loan Program

In order to provide funding for students who are not able to fully finance the cost of their education under 
traditional  governmental  financial  aid  programs,  commercial  loan  programs  or  other  alternative  sources,  we 
established a private loan program with a bank (original bank). During the year ended September 30, 2013, the 
original bank exercised its right to terminate the agreement effective April 30, 2013. The original bank subsequently 
agreed to an extension through June 29, 2013. During June 2013, we entered into an agreement with a new bank 
(the bank), which began accepting student loan applications on June 29, 2013. The terms under the agreement are 
substantially the same as the agreement with the original bank.

Under terms of the proprietary loan program, the bank originates loans for our students who meet our 
specific credit criteria with the related proceeds used exclusively to fund a portion of their tuition. We then purchase 
all such loans from the bank at least monthly and assume all of the related credit risk. The loans bear interest at 
market rates; however, principal and interest payments are not required until six months after the student completes 
or  withdraws  from  his  or  her  program. After  the  deferral  period,  monthly  principal  and  interest  payments  are 
required over the related term of the loan.

The bank provides these services in exchange for a fee at a percentage of the principal balance of each 
loan and related fees. Under the terms of the related agreement, we transfer funds for loan purchases to a deposit 
account with the bank in advance of the bank funding the loan which secures our related loan purchase obligation. 
We have a $1.0 million deposit with the original bank to secure our remaining loan purchase obligation.  Such 
funds deposited with both banks are classified as restricted cash in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as 
of September 30, 2013.

In substance, we provide the students who participate in this program with extended payment terms for a 
portion of their tuition and as a result, we account for the underlying transactions in accordance with our tuition 
revenue recognition policy. However, due to the nature of the program coupled with the extended payment terms 
required under the student loan agreements, collectability is not reasonably assured. Accordingly, we recognize 
tuition and loan origination fees financed by the loan and any related interest income required under the loan when 
such amounts are collected. All related expenses incurred with the bank or other service providers are expensed 
as incurred within educational services and facilities expense and were approximately $2.0 million, $1.5 million 
and $0.9 million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 respectively. Since loan collectability is 
not reasonably assured, the loans and related deferred tuition revenue are not recognized in our consolidated balance 
sheets. 

The following table summarizes the impact of the proprietary loan program on our tuition revenue and interest 
income during the period as well as on a cumulative basis at the end of each period in our consolidated statements 
of income. Tuition revenue and interest income excluded represents amounts which would have been recognized 
during the period had collectability of the related amounts been assured. Amounts collected and recognized represent 
actual cash receipts during the period and amounts written off represent amounts which have been turned over to 
third party collectors.

Tuition and interest income excluded
Amounts collected and recognized
Amounts written off
Net amount excluded during the period

$

$

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

Inception
to date

17,097
(1,574)
(6,352)
9,171

$

$

9,158
(857)
(5,926)
2,375

$

$

69,859
(5,022)
(20,995)
43,842

22,977
(2,277)
(6,295)
14,405

$

$

F- 9

 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

As of September 30, 2013, we had committed to provide loans to our students for approximately $85.9 

million since inception.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the balances outstanding under our proprietary loan 
program, including loans outstanding, interest and origination fees, which are not recognized in our consolidated 
balance sheets:

Balance at beginning of period
Loans extended
Interest accrued
Amounts collected and recognized
Amounts written off
Balance at end of period

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts

Year Ended September 30,
2013

2012

$

$

42,880
22,004
3,455
(2,277)
(6,295)
59,767

$

$

26,863
20,968
2,975
(1,574)
(6,352)
42,880

We maintain an allowance for uncollectible accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability, failure 
or refusal of our students to make required payments. We offer a variety of payment plans to help students pay 
that portion of their education expenses not covered by financial aid programs or alternate fund sources, which 
are  unsecured  and  not  guaranteed.  Management  analyzes  accounts  receivable,  historical  percentages  of 
uncollectible accounts, customer credit worthiness and changes in payment history when evaluating the adequacy 
of the allowance for uncollectible accounts. We use an internal group of collectors, augmented by third party 
collectors as deemed appropriate, in our collection efforts. Although we believe that our allowance is adequate, if 
the financial condition of our students deteriorates, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, 
or if we underestimate the allowances required, additional allowances may be necessary, which would result in 
increased selling, general and administrative expenses in the period such determination is made.

Investments

We invest in pre-funded municipal bonds which are generally secured by escrowed-to-maturity U.S. Treasury 
notes. Municipal bonds represent debt obligations issued by states, cities, counties and other governmental entities, 
which earn interest that is exempt from federal income taxes. Additionally, we invest in certificates of deposit 
issued by financial institutions and corporate bonds from large cap industrial and selected financial companies 
with a minimum credit rating of A. We have the ability and intention to hold our investments until maturity and 
therefore classify these investments as held-to-maturity and report them at amortized cost. Investments with an 
original maturity date of 90 days or less at the time of purchase are classified as cash equivalents and investments 
with a maturity date greater than one year at the end of the period are classified as non-current.

We review our held-to-maturity investments for impairment quarterly to determine if other-than-temporary 
declines in the carrying value have occurred for any individual investment. Other-than-temporary declines in the 
value of our held-to-maturity investments are recorded as expense in the period in which the determination is made. 
We determined that no other-than-temporary declines occurred in our held-to-maturity investments during the 
years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.

F- 10

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

Property and Equipment

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and 
amortization.  Depreciation  and  amortization  expense  are  calculated  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the 
estimated useful lives of the related assets. Amortization of leasehold improvements is calculated using the straight-
line method over the remaining useful life of the asset or term of lease, whichever is shorter. Costs relating to 
software developed for internal use and curriculum development are capitalized and amortized using the straight-
line method over the related estimated useful lives. Such costs include direct costs of materials and services as 
well as payroll and related costs for employees who are directly associated with the projects. Maintenance and 
repairs are expensed as incurred.

We review the carrying value of our property and equipment for possible impairment whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. We evaluate our long-lived 
assets for impairment by examining estimated future cash flows. These cash flows are evaluated by using probability 
weighting techniques as well as comparisons of past performance against projections. Assets may also be evaluated 
by identifying independent market values. If we determine that an asset’s carrying value is impaired, we will write-
down the carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value and charge the impairment as an operating expense 
in the period in which the determination is made.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the estimated fair values of the assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is reviewed at least annually for impairment, which might result from 
the deterioration in the operating performance of the acquired business, adverse market conditions, adverse changes 
in the applicable laws or regulations and a variety of other circumstances. Any resulting impairment charge would 
be recognized as an expense in the period in which impairment is identified.

Our goodwill resulted from the acquisition of our motorcycle and marine education business in 1998. We 
allocated  such  goodwill,  which  totaled  $20.6  million,  to  two  of  our  reporting  units  that  provide  the  related 
educational programs. We assess our goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. During 
the year ended September 30, 2013, we utilized a discounted cash flow model that incorporated estimated future 
cash flows for the next five years and an associated terminal value. Key management assumptions included in the 
cash flow model included future tuition revenues, operating costs, working capital changes, capital expenditures 
and a discount rate that approximated our weighted average cost of capital. Based upon our annual assessments, 
we determined that our goodwill was not impaired as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, and that impairment charges 
were not required. While actual experience will differ from the amounts included in our assessment, we do not 
believe that a related impairment of our goodwill is reasonably possible in the foreseeable future.

Self-Insurance Plans

We are self-insured for claims related to employee health and dental care and claims related to workers’ 
compensation.  Liabilities  associated  with  these  plans  are  estimated  by  management  with  consideration  of  our 
historical loss experience, severity factors and independent actuarial analysis. Our claim liabilities are based on 
estimates, and while we believe the amounts accrued are adequate, the ultimate losses may differ from the amounts 
provided.

Deferred Rent Liability

We lease substantially all of our administrative and educational facilities under operating lease agreements. 
Some lease agreements contain tenant improvement allowances, free rent periods or rent escalation clauses. In 
instances where one or more of these items are included in a lease agreement, we record a deferred rent liability 
on the consolidated balance sheet and record rent expense evenly over the term of the lease.

F- 11

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

Advertising Costs

Costs related to advertising are expensed as incurred and totaled approximately $37.0 million, $42.1 million 

and $34.6 million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Historically, we have issued stock units with vesting subject to a market condition (market shares), stock 
options and restricted stock. During the year ended September 30, 2013, we issued restricted stock units solely 
subject  to  service  conditions. We  measure  all  share-based  payments  to  employees  at  estimated  fair  value. We 
recognize  the  compensation  expense  for  restricted  stock  awards  and  restricted  stock  units  with  only  service 
conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. We recognize compensation expense for market 
shares over the requisite period. All compensation expense for market share grants is recognized for participants 
who fulfill the requisite service period, regardless of whether the market condition for issuing shares is satisfied. 
We did not grant stock options during the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011.

Compensation expense associated with restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is measured based 
on the grant date fair value of our common stock, discounted for non-participation in anticipated dividends during 
the vesting period. The requisite service period for restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is generally 
the vesting period. Compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that are expected to vest, which we 
estimate based upon historical forfeitures.

The fair value of market shares is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation which requires assumptions for 
expected volatilities, correlation coefficients, risk-free rates of return, and dividend yields. The vesting condition 
for market shares is based on total shareholder return which is the comparison of the change in our stock price and 
dividends to the change in stock price and dividends of the companies included in a nationally recognized stock 
index for the measurement periods included in the grant. Expected volatilities are derived using a method that 
calculates historical volatility over a period equal to the length of the measurement period for us and the companies 
included  in  the  related  index.  Correlation  coefficients  are  based  on  the  same  data  used  to  calculate  historical 
volatilities and are used to model how our stock price moves in relation to the companies included in the related 
index.  We  use  a  risk-free  rate  of  return  that  is  equal  to  the  yield  of  a  zero-coupon  U.S.  Treasury  bill  that  is 
commensurate with each measurement period, and we assume that any dividends paid were reinvested.

Stock-based compensation expense of $6.2 million, $6.5 million and $6.3 million (pre-tax) was recorded for 
the  years  ended  September 30,  2013,  2012  and  2011,  respectively.  The  tax  benefit  related  to  stock-based 
compensation recognized was $2.4 million, $2.5 million and $2.4 million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 
2012 and 2011, respectively.

Income Taxes

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the estimated future tax consequences of events attributable 
to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective 
tax bases. We also recognize deferred tax assets for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax 
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected 
to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced through a valuation allowance if it is more likely than 
not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Concentration of Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash 
and cash equivalents, restricted cash, investments and receivables. As of September 30, 2013, we held cash and 
cash  equivalents  of  $35.7  million  and  investments  of  $61.7  million  invested  in  pre-funded  municipal  bonds, 
collateralized by escrowed-to-maturity U.S. treasury notes, certificates of deposit issued by financial institutions 
and corporate bonds.

F- 12

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

We place our cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions and limit the amount of credit 
exposure with any one financial institution. We mitigate the concentration risk of our investments by limiting the 
amount invested in any one issuer. We mitigate the risk associated with our investment in corporate bonds by 
requiring a minimum credit rating of A.

We extend credit for tuition and fees, for a limited period of time, to a majority of our students. A substantial 
portion is repaid through the student’s participation in federally funded financial aid programs. Transfers of funds 
from  the  financial  aid  programs  to  us  are  made  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  Department  of  Education  (ED) 
requirements. Approximately 68%, 75%, and 75% of our revenues, on a cash basis, were collected from funds 
distributed  under  Title  IV  Programs  for  the  years  ended  September 30,  2013,  2012  and  2011,  respectively. 
Additionally, approximately 18%, 9% and 4% of our revenues, on a cash basis, were collected from funds distributed 
under various veterans benefits programs for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 
The financial aid and assistance programs are subject to political and budgetary considerations. There is no assurance 
that such funding will be maintained at current levels. Extensive and complex regulations govern the financial 
assistance programs in which our students participate. Our administration of these programs is periodically reviewed 
by various regulatory agencies. Any regulatory violation could be the basis for the initiation of potential adverse 
actions including a suspension, limitation, placement on reimbursement status, or termination proceeding which 
could have a material adverse effect on our business.

If any of our institutions were to lose its eligibility to participate in federal student financial aid programs, 
the students at that institution would lose access to funds derived from those programs and would have to seek 
alternative sources of funds to pay their tuition and fees. Students obtain access to federal student financial aid 
through an ED prescribed application and eligibility certification process. Student financial aid funds are generally 
made available to students at prescribed intervals throughout their predetermined expected length of study. Students 
typically apply the funds received from the federal financial aid programs to pay their tuition and fees. The transfer 
of funds is from the financial aid program to the student, who then uses those funds to pay for a portion of the cost 
of their education. The receipt of financial aid funds reduces the student’s amounts due to us and has no impact 
on revenue recognition, as the transfer relates to the source of funding for the costs of education which may occur 
either through Title IV or other funds and resources available to the student.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The  carrying  value  of  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable,  accrued 
liabilities and deferred tuition approximates their respective fair value as of September 30, 2013 and 2012 due to 
the short-term nature of these instruments. 

Comprehensive Income

We have no items which affect comprehensive income other than net income.

Start-up Costs

Costs related to the start-up of new campuses are expensed as incurred.

3.  Postemployment Benefits

In September 2013, we entered into a severance and transition agreement with the Chairman of our 
Board of Directors.  Under the terms of the agreement we recorded approximately $1.6 million in postemployment 
benefits. In September 2012, we implemented a nationwide reduction in workforce and provided postemployment 
benefits to approximately 50 impacted employees.  Additionally, we periodically enter into agreements which 
provide postemployment benefits to personnel whose employment is terminated. The postemployment benefit 
liability, which is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance 
sheets, is generally paid out ratably over the terms of the agreements, which range from 1 month to 24 months, 
with the final agreement expiring in December 2015.

F- 13

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

The postemployment activity for the year ended September 30, 2013 was as follows:

Liability Balance 
at
September 30,
2012

Postemployment
Benefit Charges

Cash Paid

Other
Non-cash (1)

Liability Balance 
at
September 30,
2013

Severance

Other

Total

$

$

2,002

149

2,151

$

$

2,089

68

2,157

$

$

(2,268) $
(145)
(2,413) $

(267) $
(70)
(337) $

1,556

2

1,558

(1)  Primarily relates to the expiration of benefits not used within the time offered under the separation 

agreement and non-cash severance.

4.  Receivables, net

Receivables, net consist of the following:

Tuition receivables
Other receivables
Receivables
Less allowance for uncollectible accounts

September 30,

2013

2012

$

$

12,545
3,010
15,555
(4,149)
11,406

$

$

16,254
2,764
19,018
(4,108)
14,910

The allowance for uncollectible accounts is estimated using our historical write-off experience applied to 
the receivable balances for students who are no longer attending school due to graduation or withdrawal or who 
are in school and have receivable balances in excess of financial aid available to them. We write off receivable 
balances  against  the  allowance  for  uncollectible  accounts  at  the  time  we  transfer  the  balance  to  a  third  party 
collection agency.

The following table summarizes the activity for our allowance for uncollectible accounts for the year ended 

September 30:

2013
2012
2011

Balance at
Beginning of
Period

Additions to
Bad Debt
Expense

Write-offs of
Uncollectible
Accounts

Balance at
End of
Period

$
$
$

4,108
5,269
4,064

$
$
$

4,762
5,790
8,679

$
$
$

(4,721) $
(6,951) $
(7,474) $

4,149
4,108
5,269

During the year ended September 30, 2012, we collected, and recorded as a reduction to bad debt expense, 

approximately $0.6 million on a note receivable which had been written off in 2004.

F- 14

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

5.  Investments

We invest in pre-funded municipal bonds which are generally secured by escrowed-to-maturity U.S. 
Treasury notes. Municipal bonds represent debt obligations issued by states, cities, counties and other governmental 
entities, which earn interest that is exempt from federal income taxes. Additionally, we invest in certificates of 
deposit  issued  by  financial  institutions  and  corporate  bonds  from  large  cap  industrial  and  selected  financial 
companies with a minimum credit rating of A. We have the ability and intention to hold our investments until 
maturity and therefore classify these investments as held-to-maturity and report them at amortized cost.

Amortized cost and fair value for investments classified as held-to-maturity at September 30, 2013 

were as follows:

Due in less than 1 year:

Municipal bonds
Corporate bonds
Certificates of deposit

Due in 1 - 2 years:
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit

Amortized
Cost

Gross Unrealized

Gains

Losses

$

$

40,942
11,684
4,905

3,943
245
61,719

$

$

22
2
—

4
—
28

$

$

Estimated
Fair Market
Value

— $
(7)
—

—
—
(7) $

40,964
11,679
4,905

3,947
245
61,740

Amortized cost and fair value for investments classified as held-to-maturity at September 30, 2012 were 

as follows:

Due in less than 1 year:

Municipal bonds
Corporate bonds
Certificates of deposit

Due in 1 - 2 years:
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit

Amortized
Cost

Gross Unrealized

Gains

Losses

$

$

23,402
18,210
9,843

170
4,363
55,988

$

$

2
8
3

—
—
13

$

$

Estimated
Fair Market
Value

(8) $
(3)
—

—
—
(11) $

23,396
18,215
9,846

170
4,363
55,990

Investments are exposed to various risks, including interest rate, market and credit risk and as a result, 
it is possible that changes in the values of these investments may occur and that such changes could affect the 
amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income.

F- 15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

6.  Fair Value Measurements

The accounting framework for determining fair value includes a hierarchy for ranking the quality and 
reliability of the information used to measure fair value, which enables the reader of the financial statements to 
assess the inputs used to develop those measurements. The fair value hierarchy consists of three tiers: Level 1, 
defined as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other 
than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, 
quoted prices in markets that are not active, model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions 
are observable in the market or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data 
for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs that are not 
corroborated by market data. Any transfers of investments between levels occurs at the end of the reporting period.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following:

Fair Value Measurements Using
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

September
30, 2013

Money market funds
Corporate bonds
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis $

$

23,135
11,679
44,911
5,150
84,875

$

$

23,135
11,679
—
—
34,814

$

$

— $
—
44,911
5,150
50,061

$

—
—
—
—
—

Fair Value Measurements Using
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

September
30, 2012

$

Money market funds
Corporate bonds
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit
Commercial paper
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis $

32,506
18,215
23,566
14,209
4,506
93,002

$

$

32,506
18,215
—
—
—
50,721

$

$

— $
—
23,566
14,209
4,506
42,281

$

—
—
—
—
—
—

F- 16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

7.   Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:

Land
Building and building improvements
Leasehold improvements
Training equipment
Office and computer equipment
Software developed for internal use
Curriculum development
Vehicles
Construction in progress

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

Depreciable
Lives (in years)
—
35
1-28
3-10
3-10
3-5
5
5
—

$

$

September 30,
2013

September 30,
2012

1,456
13,741
48,062
82,270
37,206
10,895
18,716
1,005
33,158
246,509
(143,439)
103,070

$

$

1,456
13,675
47,185
79,952
39,656
11,048
18,716
949
7,225
219,862
(127,923)
91,939

At September 30, 2013, construction in progress included $27.6 million related to the design and 

construction of our Lisle, Illinois campus.

Depreciation expense related to our property and equipment was $18.4 million, $19.3 million and $19.9 
million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amortization expense related to 
curriculum development and software developed for internal use was $4.8 million, $5.6 million and $5.9 million 
for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

8.   Build-to-Suit Lease

During the year ended September 30, 2012, we entered into a build-to-suit facility lease agreement and a 
construction management agreement related to the relocation of our Glendale Heights, Illinois campus to, and the 
design and construction of a new campus in, Lisle, Illinois. Under build-to-suit lease arrangements, we establish 
assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred to the extent we are involved in the construction 
of structural improvements or take construction risk prior to the lease commencement.

Under  these  agreements,  we  retained  all  construction  risk  and  therefore,  for  accounting  purposes,  were 
considered the owner during the construction period. We have recorded approximately $27.6 million in construction 
in  progress  and  $27.6  million  in  the  related  construction  liability  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheet  as  of 
September 30, 2013. The construction management agreement required us to fund any budget overruns related to 
this construction project. Furthermore, although we were owners during the construction period, we do not own 
the underlying land. Therefore, we have an imputed operating lease expense related to our use of the land that is 
recognized from the time we entered into the agreement through the initial lease term and was approximately $0.3 
million for the year ended September 30, 2013.

F- 17

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

Construction  was  completed  during  November  2013  and  the  facility  was  placed  into  service  effective 
December 1, 2013. We have determined that we have continued involvement in the facility after the construction 
period  was  completed,  which    precludes  us  from  achieving  sale-leaseback  accounting. As  such,  we  did  not 
derecognize  the  facility  or  related  construction  liability  upon  occupancy  and  will  continue  to  account  for  the 
arrangement as a financing obligation. Accordingly,the asset and a corresponding financing obligation are included 
in our consolidated balance sheet on December 1, 2013. The asset will be depreciated over the initial lease term 
of 18 years. The financing obligation will be amortized through the effective interest method in which a portion 
of the lease payments will be recognized as interest expense, a portion will be allocated to the imputed land lease 
and the remaining portion will decrease the financing obligation. Future minimum financing payments under this 
lease as of September 30, 2013 are as follows:

Years ending September 30,

2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Thereafter

$

$

2,286
2,852
2,914
2,978
3,044
46,808
60,882

Concurrent with the lease agreement, we invested $4.0 million to acquire an equity interest of approximately 
28% in a joint venture (JV). In connection with this investment, we do not possess a controlling financial interest 
as we do not hold a majority of the equity interest, nor do we have the power to make major decisions without 
approval from the other equity member. Therefore, we do not qualify as the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, this 
investment is accounted for under the equity method of accounting and is included in other assets in the consolidated 
balance sheet as of September 30, 2013. We will recognize our proportionate share of the JV’s net income or loss, 
during each accounting period, as a change in our investment. We will evaluate the investment for impairment 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. To the 
extent the book value of the investment exceeds its assessed fair value, we will record an appropriate impairment 
charge. No impairment charge was required during the year ended September 30, 2013.

We have also entered into a related tax increment financing arrangement which provides us with a tax rebate 
up to $6.2 million with respect to property taxes paid for the Lisle, Illinois campus. The agreement requires specific 
actions performed by us throughout the term in order for us to continue receiving the tax rebate.

9.   Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following:

Accounts payable
Accrued compensation and benefits
Other accrued expenses

September 30,
2013

September 30,
2012

$

$

13,758
16,858
8,613
39,229

$

$

8,246
24,372
8,247
40,865

F- 18

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

10.   Income Taxes

The components of income tax expense are as follows:

Current expense
Deferred (benefit) expense
Total provision for income taxes

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

$

$

6,801
(3,793)
3,008

$

$

14,420
(8,490)
5,930

$

$

15,896
2,296
18,192

The income tax provision differs from the tax that would result from application of the statutory federal tax 

rate of 35.0% to pre-tax income for the year. The reasons for the differences are as follows:

Income tax expense at statutory rate
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit
Other, net

Total income tax expense

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

2,386
503
119
3,008

$

$

5,237
476
217
5,930

$

$

15,781
2,086
325
18,192

$

$

The components of the deferred tax assets (liabilities) recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance 

sheets were as follows:

Gross deferred tax assets:

Compensation not yet deductible for tax
Allowance for uncollectible accounts
Expenses and accruals not yet deductible
Deferred revenue
Net operating loss carryovers
State tax credit carryforwards
Valuation allowance

Total deferred tax assets, net

Gross deferred tax liabilities:

Amortization of goodwill and intangibles
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
Prepaid expenses deductible for tax
Total deferred tax liabilities, net
Net deferred tax assets

September 30,

2013

2012

$

$

$

7,997
1,618
7,224
12,110
226
308
(224)
29,259

(8,027)
(4,052)
(893)
(12,972)
16,287

$

8,652
1,602
7,192
12,271
129
296
(80)
30,062

(8,026)
(7,500)
(983)
(16,509)
13,553

The deferred tax assets are reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as follows:

Current deferred tax assets, net
Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net

Net deferred tax assets

F- 19

September 30,

2013

2012

$

$

7,452
8,835
16,287

$

$

7,977
5,576
13,553

 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following table summarizes the activity for the valuation allowance for the year ended September 30:

Balance at
Beginning of
Period

Additions
(Reductions)
to Income
Tax
Expense

$
$
$

80
110

$
$
— $

144
$
(30) $
$
110

Write-offs

Balance at
End of
Period

— $
— $
— $

224
80
110

2013
2012
2011

As of September 30, 2013, we had approximately $0.5 million in deferred tax assets related to state net 
operating loss and credit carryforwards. These tax attributes will expire in the years 2014 through 2024. During 
the year ended September 30, 2013, we established a valuation allowance in the amount of $0.1 million related to 
the state net operating loss carry-forwards, as it is more likely than not that the net operating losses will expire 
unutilized.

We  file  income  tax  returns  for  federal  purposes  and  in  many  states.  Our  tax  filings  remain  subject  to 
examination by applicable tax authorities for a certain length of time following the tax year to which these filings 
relate. Our tax returns for the years ended September 30, 2010 through September 30, 2012 remain subject to 
examination by the Internal Revenue Service and our tax returns for the years ended September 30, 2009 through 
September 30, 2012 remain subject to examinations by various state taxing authorities.

11.   Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

We lease our facilities and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases, some of which contain 
renewal options, escalation clauses and requirements to pay other fees associated with the leases. We recognize 
rent expense on a straight-line basis. Two of our campus properties are leased from a related party. Future minimum 
rental commitments as of September 30, 2013 for all non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

Years ending September 30,

2014

2015

2016
2017

2018

Thereafter

$

29,066

28,791

27,260

23,507

23,457

76,986

$

209,067

Rent expense for operating leases was approximately $28.9 million, $28.2 million and $28.6 million for the 

years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Rent expense includes rent paid to related parties which was approximately $2.5 million, $2.5 million and 
$2.4 million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Since 1991, certain of our 
properties have been leased from entities controlled by John C. White, the Chairman of our Board of Directors.

F- 20

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

A portion of the property comprising our Orlando location is occupied pursuant to a lease with the John C. 
and Cynthia L. White 1989 Family Trust, with the lease term expiring on August 19, 2022. The annual base lease 
payments for the first year under this lease totaled approximately $0.3 million, with annual adjustments based on 
the higher of (i) an amount equal to 4% of the total annual rent for the immediately preceding year or (ii) the 
percentage of increase in the Consumer Price Index.

Another portion of the property comprising our Orlando location is occupied pursuant to a lease with Delegates 
LLC,  an  entity  controlled  by  the  White  Family  Trust,  with  the  lease  term  expiring  on August 19,  2022.  The 
beneficiaries of this trust are Mr. White’s children, and the trustee of the trust is not related to Mr. White. Annual 
base lease payments for the first year under this lease totaled approximately $0.7 million, with annual adjustments 
based on the higher of (i) an amount equal to 4% of the total annual rent for the immediately preceding year or 
(ii) the percentage of increase in the Consumer Price Index.  

Additionally, since April 1994, we have leased two of our Phoenix properties under one lease from City Park 
LLC, a successor in interest of 2844 West Deer Valley LLC and in which the John C. and Cynthia L. White 1989 
Family Trust holds a 25% interest. The lease expires on December 31, 2022, and the annual base lease payments 
for the first year under this lease, as amended, totaled approximately $0.5 million, with annual adjustments of 2% 
of the total annual rent for the immediately preceding year. We believe that the rental rates under these leases 
approximated fair market rental value of the properties at the time the lease agreements were negotiated.

Licensing Agreements

In 1997, we entered into a licensing agreement that gives us the right to use certain materials and trademarks 
in the development of our courses and delivery of services on our campuses. The agreement was amended in 
January 2013. Under the terms of the amended license agreement, we are committed to pay royalties based upon 
a flat fee per student for students who attend the licensed program. Minimum payments are $0.6 million for calendar 
years 2013 and 2014. A license fee is also payable based upon a percentage of net sales related to the sale of any 
product which bears the licensed trademark. The royalty and license expenses related to this agreement were $0.6 
million, $0.7 million and $0.6 million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and 
were recorded in educational services and facilities expenses. In addition, we are required to pay a minimum 
marketing and advertising fee for which in return we receive the right to utilize certain advertising space in the 
licensor’s published periodicals. The required marketing and advertising fee is $0.8 million and $0.9 million for 
calendar years 2013 and  2014, respectively. The marketing and advertising fees related to this agreement were 
$0.9 million for each of the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, and were recorded in selling, general 
and administrative expenses. The agreement expires December 31, 2014.

In 1999, we entered into a licensing agreement that gives us the right to use certain materials and trademarks 
in the development of our courses. The agreement was amended in November 2009. Under the terms of the amended 
agreement, we are required to pay a flat fee per student for each program a student completes. There are no minimum 
license fees required to be paid. The agreement terminates upon the written notice of either party providing not 
less than ninety days notification of intent to terminate. License fees related to this agreement were $1.1 million, 
$1.2 million and $1.5 million for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and were 
recorded in educational services and facilities expenses.

In May 2007, we entered into a licensing agreement that gives us the right to use certain trademarks, trade 
names, trade dress and other intellectual property in connection with the operation of our campuses and courses. 
We are committed to pay royalties based upon revenue and sponsorship revenue, as defined in the agreement, from 
July 1, 2007 through December 31, 2017, the expiration of the agreement. The agreement required a minimum 
royalty payment of $1.8 million in calendar year 2013. The minimum royalty payments increase by $0.05 million 
in each calendar year subsequent to 2010. The expense related to these agreements was $1.7 million, $1.7 million 
and  $2.0  million  for  the  years  ended  September 30,  2013,  2012  and  2011,  respectively,  and  was  recorded  in 
educational services and facilities expenses.

F- 21

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

In July 2013, we entered into a training and materials agreement that gives us the right to use certain 
materials and trademarks in development of our courses. Under the terms of the agreement, we are required to pay 
a flat fee per student for each related program a student completes. There is an immaterial minimum annual fee 
required to be paid upon commencement of the program and annually thereafter. The agreement terminates upon 
the written notice of either party providing not less than 90 days notification of intent to terminate. There was no 
expense related to this agreement for the year ended September 30, 2013.

Vendor Relationships

We have an agreement with a vendor that allows us to purchase promotional tool kits for our students at a 
discount from the vendor’s list price. In addition, we earn credits that are redeemable for equipment from the 
vendor that we use in our business. Credits are earned on our purchases as well as purchases made by students 
enrolled  in  our  programs.  We  have  agreed  to  grant  the  vendor  exclusive  access  to  our  campuses,  to  display 
advertising and to use their tools to train our students. Under the related agreement, which expires in April 2017, 
we are required to maintain a minimum balance of $1.0 million in credits earned on student purchases. The credits 
under this agreement may be redeemed in multiple ways, which historically has been for additional equipment at 
the full retail list price, which is more than we would be required to pay using cash. Upon termination of the 
agreement, we continue to earn credits relative to promotional tool kits we purchase or additional tools our active 
students purchase. We continue to earn these credits until a tool kit is provided to the last student eligible under 
the agreement. A net prepaid expense with the vendor resulted from an excess of credits earned over credits used 
of $5.7 million and $4.0 million as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Students are provided a voucher which can be redeemed for a tool kit near graduation. The cost of the tool 
kits, net of the credit, is accrued during the time period in which the students begin attending school until they 
have progressed to the point that the promotional tool kit vouchers are provided. Our consolidated balance sheets 
include an accrued tool set liability of $4.0 million and $4.3 million as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. 
Additionally, our liability to the vendor for vouchers redeemed by students was $1.1 million and $1.9 million as 
of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in our 
consolidated balance sheets.

Executive Employment Agreements

We have employment agreements with key executives that provide for continued salary payments and benefits 
if the executives are terminated for reasons other than cause or in the event of a change in control, as defined in 
the agreements. The aggregate amount of our commitments under these agreements, including immaterial medical 
benefit and salary changes effective subsequent to September 30, 2013, is approximately $3.8 million.

Change in Control Agreements

We  have  severance  agreements  with  other  executives  that  provide  for  continued  salary  payments  if  the 
employees are terminated for any reason within twelve months subsequent to a change in control. Under the terms 
of the agreements, these employees are entitled to between six and twelve months salary at their highest rate during 
the previous twelve months. In addition, the employees are eligible to receive the unearned portion of their target 
bonus in effect in the year termination occurs and would be eligible to receive medical benefits under the plans 
maintained  by  us  at  no  cost.  The  aggregate  amount  of  our  commitments  under  these  agreements,  including 
immaterial medical benefit and salary changes effective subsequent to September 30, 2013, is approximately $7.9 
million.

F- 22

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

Deferred Compensation Plans

We have established a deferred compensation plan (the Plan) effective April 1, 2010, into which certain 
members of management are eligible to defer a maximum of 75% of their regular compensation and a maximum 
of 100% of their incentive compensation. Non-employee members of our Board of Directors are eligible to defer 
up to 100% of their cash compensation. The amounts deferred by the participant under this Plan are credited with 
earnings or losses based upon changes in values of participant elected notional investments. Each participant is 
fully vested in the amounts deferred.

We may make contributions at the discretion of our Board of Directors that will generally vest according to 
a five year vesting schedule. Distribution elections under the Plan may be for separation from service distribution 
or in-service distribution. We are not obligated to fund the Plan; however, we have purchased life insurance policies 
on the participants in order to fund the related benefits and such policies have been placed into a rabbi trust.

Our obligations under the Plan totaled $3.7 million and $2.5 million as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, 
respectively, and are included in other liabilities while the cash surrender value of the life insurance policies totaled 
$4.0 million and $2.5 million as of September 30, 2013 and 2012 respectively, and are included in other assets in 
our consolidated balance sheets.

Surety Bonds

Each of our campuses must be authorized by the applicable state education agency in which the campus is 
located to operate and to grant degrees, diplomas or certificates to its students. Our campuses are subject to extensive, 
ongoing regulation by each of these states. Additionally, our campuses are required to be authorized by the applicable 
state education agencies of certain other states in which our campuses recruit students. Our insurers issue surety 
bonds for us on behalf of our campuses and admissions representatives with multiple states to maintain authorization 
to conduct our business. We are obligated to reimburse our insurers for any surety bonds that are paid by the 
insurers. As of September 30, 2013, the total face amount of these surety bonds was approximately $19.2 million.

Legal

In the ordinary conduct of our business, we are periodically subject to lawsuits, demands in arbitration, 
investigations, regulatory proceedings or other claims, including, but not limited to, claims involving current or 
former students, routine employment matters, business disputes and regulatory demands. When we are aware of 
a claim or potential claim, we assess the likelihood of any loss or exposure. If it is probable that a loss will result 
and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we would accrue a liability for the loss. When a loss is 
not both probable and estimable, we do not accrue a liability. Where a loss is not probable but is reasonably possible, 
including if a loss in excess of an accrued liability is reasonably possible, we determine whether it is possible to 
provide an estimate of the amount of the loss or range of possible losses for the claim. Because we cannot predict 
with  certainty  the  ultimate  resolution  of  the  legal  proceedings  (including  lawsuits,  investigations,  regulatory 
proceedings or claims) asserted against us, such current pending legal proceedings to which we are a party may 
have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, results of operations or financial condition.

As previously disclosed, in November 2011, one of our former employees filed a lawsuit under the Federal 
False Claims Act (31 U.S.C. § 3729, et seq.) (FCA Suit) in the United States District Court for the District of 
Arizona  Court,  alleging  that  our  compensation  of  our  admissions  representatives  violated  the  “incentive 
compensation ban” of Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, amongst other potential violations 
allegedly occurring over a number of years. We also disclosed that the same former employee had filed a complaint 
with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) alleging retaliatory 
employment practices in violation of the whistleblower provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended 
(DOL Complaint).  

F- 23

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

As also previously disclosed, the U.S. Department of Justice informed us that it had declined to intervene 
in the FCA Suit and closed its investigation and the DOL closed its investigation.  Further, we separately entered 
into a settlement agreement with the former employee, pursuant to which these matters were dismissed and all of 
her claims against us were resolved.  The settlement agreement provided that, in return for the dismissal of her 
claims, the former employee received a payment only with respect to her claims in the DOL Complaint. Our expense 
under the settlement agreement, following contribution by our insurer, was approximately $0.4 million and was 
recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2013. The settlement agreement provides that we and all 
other defendants named in the FCA Suit and the DOL Complaint (Universal Technical Institute of Arizona, Inc., 
Universal Technical Institute of Delaware, Inc., Universal Technical Institute of Massachusetts, Inc., Universal 
Technical  Institute  of  Pennsylvania,  Inc.,  Universal  Technical  Institute  of  Phoenix,  Inc.,  Universal  Technical 
Institute of Texas, Inc, Kimberly and Chris McWaters and Eugene and Jane Doe Putnam) expressly deny any 
liability, wrongdoing, noncompliance or violation of applicable law or regulation.

In September 2012, we received a Civil Investigative Demand (CID) from the Attorney General of the 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts related to a pending investigation in connection with allegations that we caused 
false claims to be submitted to the Commonwealth relating to student loans, guarantees and grants provided to 
students at our Norwood, Massachusetts campus. The CID required us to produce documents and provide written 
testimony regarding a broad range of the Company’s business from September 2006 to the present. We responded 
timely to the request, as well as a follow-up requests for additional information.  At this time, we cannot predict 
the eventual scope, duration, outcome or associated costs of this request and accordingly we have not recorded 
any liability in the accompanying financial statements.

In October 2012 and January 2013, the ACCSC requested certain documentation related to the preliminary 
investigation by the United States Department of Justice. Pursuant to applicable law and the United States’ request, 
we were not able to provide the information requested and notified ACCSC as such. In October 2013, we informed 
the ACCSC of the declination of intervention and closing of investigations as well as the settlement of the former 
employee’s claims. In addition, at ACCSC’s request, we have provided ACCSC with documentation relating to 
the actions taken by the Court and the Government. At this time, we cannot predict the eventual scope, duration, 
outcome  or  associated  costs,  if  any,  of  this  request  and  accordingly  we  have  not  recorded  any  liability  in  the 
accompanying financial statements.

12.  Common Shareholders’ Equity

Common Stock

Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and as declared by our Board of 
Directors and have the right to one vote per share on all matters requiring shareholder approval. On December 21, 
2012; March 29, 2013; June 28, 2013 and September 30, 2013, we paid cash dividends of $0.10 per share to 
common stockholders of record as of December 7, 2012; March 15, 2013; June 21, 2013 and September 20, 2013, 
respectively. The aggregate payment was approximately $9.8 million. 

Share Repurchase Program

On December 20, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of our 
common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing and actual number of 
shares purchased will depend on a variety of factors such as price, corporate and regulatory requirements and 
prevailing market conditions. We may terminate or limit the share repurchase program at any time without prior 
notice. During the year ended September 30, 2013, we purchased 561,400 shares at an average price per share of 
$9.62 and a total cost of approximately $5.4 million. As of September 30, 2013, we have purchased 705,000 shares 
at an average price per share of $10.27 and a total cost of approximately $7.3 million under this program.

F- 24

 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

Stock Option and Incentive Compensation Plans

We have two stock-based compensation plans; the Management 2002 Stock Option Program (2002 Plan) 

and the 2003 Incentive Compensation Plan (2003 Plan).

The 2002 Plan was approved by our Board of Directors on April 1, 2002 and provided for the issuance of 
options  to  purchase  0.7  million  shares  of  our  common  stock.  On  February 25,  2003,  our  Board  of  Directors 
authorized an additional 0.1 million options to purchase our common stock under the 2002 Plan.

Options issued under the 2002 Plan vest ratably each year over a four-year period. The expiration date of 
options  granted  under  the  2002  Plan  is  the  earlier  of  the  ten-year  anniversary  of  the  grant  date;  the  one-year 
anniversary of the termination of the participant’s employment by reason of death or disability; 30 days after the 
date of the participant’s termination of employment if caused by reasons other than death, disability, cause, material 
breach or unsatisfactory performance or on the termination date if termination occurs for reasons of cause, material 
breach or unsatisfactory performance. We do not intend to grant any additional options under the 2002 Plan.

The 2003 Plan was approved by our Board of Directors and adopted effective December 22, 2003 upon 
consummation of our initial public offering and amended on February 28, 2007 and February 22, 2012 by our 
stockholders. The 2003 Plan, as amended, authorizes the issuance of various common stock awards, including 
stock options, restricted stock and stock units, for approximately 5.3 million shares of our common stock.

As of September 30, 2013, 4.2 million shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the 2003 

Plan, of which 1.1 million shares are available for future grant.

We use historical data to estimate forfeitures. Our estimated forfeitures are adjusted as actual forfeitures 
differ from our estimates, resulting in stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that actually vest. 
If factors change and different assumptions are employed in future periods, previously recognized stock-based 
compensation expense may require adjustment.

The following table summarizes the operating expense line and the impact on net income in the consolidated 

statements of income in which stock-based compensation expense has been recorded:

Educational services and facilities
Selling, general and administrative
Total stock-based compensation expense
Income tax benefit

Stock Options

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

$

$
$

617
5,607
6,224
2,427

$

$
$

1,080
5,412
6,492
2,532

$

$
$

939
5,340
6,279
2,449

Stock options were issued with exercise prices equal to the closing price of our stock on the grant date and 
which generally vest ratably over a four-year period. The expiration date of stock options granted under the 2003 
Plan is the earlier of the seven or ten-year anniversary of the grant date, based on the terms of the individual grant; 
the one-year anniversary of the termination of the participant’s employment by reason of death or disability; ninety-
days after the date of the participant’s termination of employment if caused by reasons other than death, disability, 
cause, material breach or unsatisfactory performance; or on the termination date if termination occurs for reasons 
of cause, material breach or unsatisfactory performance.

The fair value of each stock option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model. The estimated fair value is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number 
of complex and subjective variables, including, but not limited to, our expected stock price volatility, the expected 
term of the awards and actual and projected employee stock exercise behaviors. 

We did not grant stock options during the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011.

F- 25

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following table summarizes stock option activity under the 2002 and 2003 Plans:

Outstanding as of September 30, 2012

Stock options exercised

Stock options forfeited

Outstanding as of September 30, 2013

Stock options exercisable as of September 30, 2013

Number of 
Shares
(In
thousands)

Weighted
Average E
xercise
Price
per Share

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

999
$
(21) $
(95) $
$
883

883

$

24.21

12.67

25.68

24.33

24.33

2.18

$

107

1.20

1.20

$

$

—

—

As of September 30, 2013, there were no non-vested stock options and there was no unrecognized stock 

compensation expense related to non-vested stock options.

The total fair value of options which vested during the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $0.2 
million and $0.3 million, respectively. The total fair value of options which vested during the year ended September 
30, 2013 was immaterial.  The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table is based on our closing stock price 
of $12.13 as of September 30, 2013. The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total intrinsic value that would 
have been received by the stock option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The 
total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended September 30, 2013 was less than $0.1 million.  
The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was $0.5 
million and $2.5 million, respectively.

The amount of cash received and associated tax benefits for stock options exercised are summarized as 

follows:

Cash received
Tax benefits

Restricted Stock Awards

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

$
$

262
6

$
$

224
178

$
$

950
961

Our restricted stock awards are issued at fair market value which is based on the closing prices of our stock 
on  the  grant  date,    discounted  for  non-participation  in  anticipated  dividends  during  the  vesting  period.  The 
restrictions  on  these  awards  generally  lapse  ratably  over  a  four  or  five  year  period  based  on  the  terms  of  the 
individual grant. The restrictions associated with our restricted stock awarded under the 2003 Plan will lapse upon 
the death, disability, or if, within one year following a change of control, employment is terminated without cause 
or for good reason. If employment is terminated for any other reason, all shares of restricted stock shall be forfeited 
upon termination.

F- 26

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

The following table summarizes restricted stock activity under the 2003 Plan:

Nonvested restricted stock outstanding as of September 30, 2012
Restricted stock awarded
Restricted stock vested
Restricted stock forfeited
Nonvested restricted stock outstanding as of September 30, 2013

Number of Shares
(In thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share

$
1,114
21
$
(344) $
(88) $
$
703

14.72
10.78
16.10
14.70
13.93

As of September 30, 2013, unrecognized stock compensation expense related to restricted stock awards was 

$9.2 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.1 years.

Restricted Stock Units

Our restricted stock units are issued at fair market value which is based on our closing prices of our stock 
on the grant date. The restrictions on these units generally lapse ratably over a four or five year period based on 
the terms of the individual grant. The restrictions associated with our restricted stock units awarded under the 2003 
Plan will lapse upon the death, disability, or if, within one year following a change of control, employment is 
terminated  without  cause  or  for  good  reason.  If  employment  is  terminated  for  any  other  reason,  all  shares  of 
restricted stock shall be forfeited upon termination.

The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity under the 2003 Plan:

Nonvested restricted stock units outstanding as of September 30, 2012
Restricted stock awarded
Restricted stock vested
Restricted stock forfeited
Nonvested restricted stock units outstanding as of September 30, 2013

Number of Shares
(In thousands)

Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share

— $
$
589
— $
— $
$
589

—
9.60
—
—
9.60

As of September 30, 2013, unrecognized stock compensation expense related to restricted stock awards was 

$5.6 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.0 years.

Market Shares

The market condition for market shares is based on total shareholder return which is the comparison of the 
change in our stock price and dividends to the change in stock price and dividends of the companies included in 
a nationally recognized stock index for the measurement periods included in the grant. On the settlement date for 
each measurement period, participants will receive shares of our common stock equal to 0% to 200% of the market 
shares originally granted depending on where our total shareholder return ranks among the companies included in 
the related index for that measurement period. The market shares vest subject to a market condition and on the 
settlement date which is expected to be no later than 2 1/2 months after the end of each measurement period.

We estimate the fair value of market shares using a Monte Carlo simulation which requires assumptions for 
expected volatilities, correlation coefficients, risk-free rates of return, and dividend yields. Expected volatilities 
are derived using a method that calculates historical volatility over a period equal to the length of the measurement 

F- 27

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

period for UTI and the companies included in the related index. Correlation coefficients are based on the same 
data used to calculate historical volatilities and are used to model how our stock price moves in relation to the 
companies in the related index. We use a risk-free rate of return that is equal to the yield of a zero-coupon U.S. 
Treasury bill that is commensurate with each measurement period, and we assume that any dividends paid were 
reinvested.

To receive the market shares awarded for a measurement period, participants are required to be employed 
by the company on the settlement date unless one of the following conditions is met. Upon death or disability of 
a participant, determination of whether, and to what extent the market condition has been achieved will be made 
based on actual performance against the stated criteria through the death or disability date. If an employee is 
terminated or leaves for good cause within one year following a change in control, a determination of whether, 
and to what extent the market condition has been achieved will be based on actual performance against the stated 
criteria through the change in control date. If employment is terminated for any other reason, all unvested market 
shares shall be forfeited upon termination.

The September 2010 grant included a measurement period of  36 months. We did not grant market shares 
during the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011. The market shares do not have voting rights or rights 
to dividends.

Compensation expense for the market shares is recognized over the requisite periods. All compensation 
expense for the grant will be recognized for participants who fulfill the requisite service period, regardless of 
whether the market condition for issuing shares is satisfied.

The following table summarizes market share activity under the 2003 Plan:

Nonvested market shares outstanding as of September 30, 2012
Market shares cancelled(1)
Market shares vested
Market shares forfeited(2)
Nonvested market shares outstanding as of September 30, 2013

Number of Shares
(In thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share

$
56
(11) $
— $
(3) $
$
42

26.88
26.01
—
27.00
27.10

(1)  Relates to market shares assumed vested at the end of the prior year measurement period which did not 

actually vest on the subsequent settlement date.

(2)  Relates to employee terminations.

As of September 30, 2013, unrecognized stock compensation expense related to market shares was less than 

$0.1 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.2 years.

13.   Earnings per Share

Basic net income per share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of 
shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per share reflects the assumed conversion of all dilutive 
securities, if any. For the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, approximately 1.6 million shares, 1.5 
million shares and 1.1 million shares, respectively, which could be issued under outstanding stock-based grants, 
were not included in the determination of our diluted shares outstanding as they were anti-dilutive.

F- 28

UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

The calculation of the weighted average number of shares outstanding used in computing basic and 

diluted net income  per share was as follows:

Weighted average number of shares

Basic shares outstanding
Dilutive effect related to employee stock plans
Diluted shares outstanding

14. Defined Contribution Employee Benefit Plan

2013

Year Ended September 30,
2012
(In thousands)
24,711
226
24,937

24,515
189
24,704

2011

24,427
313
24,740

We  sponsor  a  defined  contribution  401(k)  plan,  under  which  our  employees  elect  to  withhold  specified 
amounts from their wages to contribute to the plan and we have a fiduciary responsibility with respect to the plan. 
The plan provides for matching a portion of employees’ contributions at management’s discretion. All contributions 
and matches by us are invested at the direction of the employee in one or more mutual funds or cash. We made 
matching  contributions  of  approximately  $1.2  million,  $2.0  million  and  $1.8  million  for  the  years  ended 
September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

F- 29

 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

15.   Segment Information

Our principal business is providing postsecondary education. We also provide manufacturer-specific 
training and these operations are managed separately from our campus operations. These operations do not currently 
meet the quantitative criteria for segments and therefore are reflected in the Other category. Corporate expenses 
are allocated to Postsecondary Education and the Other category based on compensation expense.

Summary information by reportable segment is as follows:

Revenues

Postsecondary education
Other
Consolidated

Income (loss) from operations
Postsecondary education
Other
Consolidated

Depreciation and amortization

Postsecondary education
Other
Consolidated
Net income (loss)

Postsecondary education
Other
Consolidated

Goodwill

Postsecondary education
Other
Consolidated

Total assets

Postsecondary education
Other
Consolidated

Year Ended September 30,
2012

2011

2013

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

371,663
8,605
380,268

8,359
(2,430)
5,929

21,796
360
22,156

5,202
(1,392)
3,810

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

403,793
9,759
413,552

16,284
(2,169)
14,115

23,400
419
23,819

10,256
(1,224)
9,032

2013

As of September 30,
2012

20,579
—
20,579

272,178
7,285
279,463

$

$

$

$

20,579
—
20,579

260,497
7,661
268,158

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

443,510
8,390
451,900

48,424
(3,878)
44,546

24,265
577
24,842

29,162
(2,265)
26,897

2011

20,579
—
20,579

263,833
2,196
266,029

16.   Government Regulation and Financial Aid

Our  institutions  are  subject  to  extensive  regulation  by  federal  and  state  governmental  agencies  and 
accrediting bodies. In particular, HEA, and the regulations promulgated thereunder by ED, subject the institutions 
to significant regulatory scrutiny on the basis of numerous standards that schools must satisfy in order to participate 
in the various federal student financial assistance programs under Title IV of the HEA.

F- 30

 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

To participate in the Title IV Programs, an institution must be authorized to offer its programs of instruction 
by relevant state education agencies, be accredited by an accrediting commission recognized by ED and be certified 
as an eligible institution by ED. ED will certify an institution to participate in the Title IV Programs only after the 
institution  has  demonstrated  compliance  with  the  HEA  and  ED’s  extensive  regulations  regarding  institutional 
eligibility. An institution must also demonstrate its compliance to ED on an ongoing basis.

State Authorization

Each of our institutions must be authorized by the applicable state education agency for the state in which 
the institution is located in order to operate and grant degrees or diplomas to its students. Our institutions are subject 
to extensive, ongoing regulation by each of these states.  Additionally, our institutions are required to be authorized 
by the applicable state education agencies of certain other states in which our institutions recruit students. If any 
one of our campuses were to lose its authorization from the education agency of the state in which the campus is 
located, that campus would be unable to offer its programs and we could be forced to close that campus. If one of 
our campuses were to lose its authorization from a state other than the state in which the campus is located, that 
campus would not be able to recruit students in that state.

Accreditation

Accreditation is a non-governmental process through which an institution voluntarily submits to ongoing 
qualitative  reviews  by  an  organization  of  peer  institutions. Accrediting  commissions  primarily  examine  the 
academic  quality  of  the  institution’s  instructional  programs. A  grant  of  accreditation  is  generally  viewed  as 
confirmation that the institution’s programs meet generally accepted academic standards. Accrediting commissions 
also review the administrative and financial operations of the institutions they accredit to ensure that each institution 
has the resources necessary to perform its educational mission.

Accreditation by an ED recognized commission is required for an institution to be certified to participate 
in Title IV Programs. In order to be recognized by ED, accrediting commissions must adopt specific standards for 
their review of educational institutions. All of our institutions are accredited by the Accrediting Commission of 
Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC), an accrediting commission recognized by ED.

An accrediting commission may place an institution on reporting status to monitor one or more specified 
areas of performance in relation to the accreditation standards. An institution placed on reporting status is required 
to report periodically to the accrediting commission on that institution’s performance in the area or areas specified 
by the commission.

Regulation of Federal Student Financial Aid Programs

Political  and  budgetary  concerns  significantly  affect  Title  IV  Programs.  Congress  has  historically 
reauthorized the HEA approximately every five to six years with the last reauthorization in 2008. Significant factors 
relating to Title IV Programs that could adversely affect us include the following:

F- 31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

90/10 Rule

A for-profit institution loses its eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs if it derives more than 90% 
of its revenue from Title IV Programs for two consecutive fiscal years as calculated under a cash basis formula 
mandated by ED. The loss of such eligibility would begin on the first day following the conclusion of the second 
consecutive year in which the institution exceeded the 90% limit and, as such, any Title IV Program funds already 
received by the institution and its students during a period of ineligibility would have to be returned to ED or a 
lender. Additionally, if an institution exceeds the 90% level for a single year, ED will place the institution on 
provisional certification for a period of at least two years. For the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, 
approximately 68%, 75% and 75% respectively, of our revenues, on a cash basis, were derived from funds distributed 
under Title IV Programs.

Federal Student Loan Defaults

To remain eligible to participate in Title IV Programs, institutions must maintain federal student loan 
cohort  default  rates  below  specified  levels. An  institution  whose  cohort  default  rate  is  25%  or  more  for  three 
consecutive federal fiscal years (FFYs) or 40% or more for any given FFY loses eligibility to participate in some 
or all Title IV Programs.  This sanction is effective for the remainder of the FFY in which the institution lost its 
eligibility and for the two subsequent FFYs.  The HEA expanded the measurement period for defaults from two 
years to three; a change that is expected to increase our FFEL/DL cohort default rates.  The regulations also increased 
the threshold for an institution to lose eligibility to participate in Title IV Programs from 25% to 30%. The one 
year threshold of 40% has not been increased.  ED began calculating both the two and three-year cohort default 
rates beginning with the 2009 cohort. Sanctions will be applicable after three consecutive years of the three-year 
cohort default rates are available, which we anticipate will occur in September of 2014.  During the transition 
period, sanctions will be based on the two-year cohort default rate.  

Financial Responsibility Standards

All  institutions  participating  in  Title  IV  Programs  must  satisfy  specific  ED  standards  of  financial 
responsibility. ED evaluates institutions for compliance with these standards each year, based on the institution’s 
annual audited financial statements, as well as following a change of control of the institution.

The institution’s financial responsibility is measured by its composite score which is calculated by ED 
based on (i) the equity ratio which measures the institution’s capital resources, ability to borrow and financial 
viability; (ii) the primary reserve ratio which measures the institution’s ability to support current operations from 
expendable resources; and (iii) the net income ratio which measures the institution’s ability to operate at a profit. 
An institution that does not meet ED’s minimum composite score may demonstrate its financial responsibility by 
posting a letter of credit in favor of the ED in an amount equal to at least 50% of the Title IV Program funds 
received by the institution during its most recently completed fiscal year and possibly accepting other conditions 
on its participation in the Title IV Programs.

ED has historically evaluated the financial condition of our institutions on a consolidated basis based on 
the financial statements of Universal Technical Institute, Inc. as the parent company. ED’s regulations permit ED 
to examine the financial statements of Universal Technical Institute, Inc., the financial statements of each institution 
and  the  financial  statements  of  any  related  party.  Our  composite  score  has  exceeded  the  required  minimum 
composite score of 1.5 for each of our fiscal years since 2004.

Return of Title IV Funds

F- 32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
($’s in thousands, except per share amounts)

An institution participating in Title IV Programs must calculate the amount of unearned Title IV Program 
funds that have been disbursed to students who withdraw from their educational programs before completing them. 
The institution must return those unearned funds to ED or the appropriate lending institution in a timely manner, 
which is generally within 45 days from the date the institution determines that the student has withdrawn. If an 
institution is cited in an audit or program review for returning Title IV Program funds late for 5% or more of the 
students in the audit or program review sample, the institution must post a letter of credit in favor of ED in an 
amount equal to 25% of the total Title IV Program funds that should have been returned in the previous fiscal year.

Because we operate in a highly regulated industry, we, like other industry participants, may be subject 
from time to time to investigations, claims of non-compliance, or lawsuits by governmental agencies or third 
parties, which allege statutory violations, regulatory infractions, or common law causes of action.

There can be no assurance that other regulatory agencies or third parties will not undertake investigations 
or make claims against us, or that such claims, if made, will not have a material adverse effect on our business, 
cash flows, results of operations or financial condition.

17.  Quarterly Financial Summary (Unaudited)

Year ended September 30, 2013
Revenues

Income (loss) from operations

Net income (loss)

Income (loss) per share:

Basic

Diluted

Year ended September 30, 2012
Revenues

Income from operations
Net income
Income per share:

Basic

Diluted

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

90,954

458

296

0.01

0.01

$
95,075
(1,939) $

(920) $

(0.04) $
(0.04) $

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

106,240

3,015
1,932

0.08

0.08

$

$
$

$

$

99,601

1,518
1,013

0.04

0.04

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

98,441

6,006

3,562

0.14

0.14

First
Quarter

106,427

7,327
4,479

0.18

0.18

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

Fourth
Quarter

Fiscal
Year

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

95,798

1,404

872

0.04

0.04

Fourth
Quarter

101,284

2,255
1,608

0.06

0.06

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

380,268

5,929

3,810

0.16

0.15

Fiscal
Year

413,552

14,115
9,032

0.37

0.36

The summation of quarterly per share information does not equal amounts for the full year as quarterly 
calculations are performed on a discrete basis. Additionally, securities may have had an anti-dilutive effect during 
individual quarters but not for the full year.

F- 33

 
 
 
 
[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

About Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

Headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona, Universal Technical Institute, Inc. (NYSE: UTI) 

is the leading provider of post-secondary education for students seeking careers as 

professional automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians. 

With more than 170,000 graduates in its 48-year history, UTI offers undergraduate 

degree and diploma programs at 11 campuses across the United States, as well as 

manufacturer-specific training programs at dedicated training centers. Through its 

campus-based school system, UTI provides specialized post-secondary education 

programs under the banner of several well-known brands, including Universal Technical 

Institute (UTI), Motorcycle Mechanics Institute and Marine Mechanics Institute (MMI) 

and NASCAR Technical Institute (NASCAR Tech). For more information visit www.uti.edu.

Shareholder Information

Board of Directors

Corporate Officers

Kimberly J. McWaters
Chairman of the Board 
and Chief Executive Officer

Eugene S. Putnam, Jr.
President and Chief
Financial Officer

Kenneth J. Cranston
Senior Vice President
of Admissions

Chad A. Freed
General Counsel,
Senior Vice President 
of Business Development 
and Secretary

Bryce H. Peterson
Senior Vice President of 
Information Technology

Sherrell E. Smith
Senior Vice President
of Operations

Rhonda R. Turner
Senior Vice President
of People Services

John C. White
Director
Former Chairman of the Board,
Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

Kimberly J. McWaters
Director
Chairman of the Board 
and Chief Executive Officer,
Universal Technical Institute, Inc.

Conrad A. Conrad
Lead Director
Former Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer,
The Dial Corporation

David A. Blaszkiewicz
Director
President,
Invest Detroit and
Chief Executive Officer,
Downtown Detroit Partnership

Alan E. Cabito
Director
Former Group Vice President,
Sales Administration,
Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

Dr. Roderick R. Paige
Director
Former United States
Secretary of Education

Roger S. Penske
Director
Chairman of the Board and 
Chief Executive Officer,
Penske Auto Group, Inc.

Linda J. Srere
Director
Former President,
Young and Rubicam Advertising

Kenneth R. Trammell
Director
Chief Financial Officer,
Tenneco Inc.

Requests for 
Investor Information

Universal Technical 
Institute, Inc.
Investor Relations
16220 North Scottsdale Road
Suite 100
Scottsdale, Arizona 85254
(623) 445-9500

The Company will furnish a 
copy of the 2013 Annual 
Report on Form 10-K without 
charge upon a written 
request to the address 
above. In addition, the 
electronic version of the 
Annual Report can be found 
at www.uti.edu, under the 
captions Investors—Financial 
Information—Annual Reports.

UTI has submitted the requisite 
certification regarding its 
corporate governance listing 
standards to the New York 
Stock Exchange.

Common Stock
Traded on the New York 
Stock Exchange under 
the symbol UTI

Transfer Agent
Computershare
P. O. Box 30170
College Station, TX 77845-3170

Independent Accountants
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
1850 North Central Avenue
Suite 700
Phoenix, Arizona 85004

AVONDALE, ARIZONA
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ORLANDO, FLORIDA

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UTI.edu

Ready.

2013 Annual Report