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VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Ltd

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Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited
Annual Report 2011

VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited (VOF)
Annual Report 2011

Contents

Section 1
Introduction

1.1  Financial highlights 
1.2  Performance highlights 
1.3  Chairman’s statement 

Section 2
Manager’s report

2.1  Investment environment 
2.2  Portfolio performance 
2.3  Top holdings  
2.4  Management team 

Section 3
Financial statements and reports

3.1    Board of Directors 
3.2    Report of the Board of Directors 
3.3    Governance report 
3.4    Independent Auditors’ report 
3.5    Consolidated financial statements and notes 

Section 4
Additional information

4.1  Investing policy 
4.2  Historical financial information 
4.3  Overview and details   

3 
4 
6

9
11 
16
22

26
28
30 
35
36

85
89 
91

2   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial highlights

VOF in FY2011 saw stable 
performance due to private equity 
divestments, via trade sales, at prices 
above carrying value.

VOF turned the challenging macro conditions 
in Vietnam to its advantage, entering new 
investments at good valuations, and divesting 
several key holdings to overseas strategic buyers 
attracted by Vietnam’s long-term potential.

Performance summary 

NAV per share

Change on previous year

Share price

Change on previous year

Discount to NAV (at 30/6)

FY2011

FY2010

FY2009

2.32

(3.9%)

1.57

12.1%

32.3%

2.41 

14.8%

1.40

(2.1%)

42.9% 

2.10

1.9%

1.43

(30.6%)

 31.9%

VOF at the end of FY2011 held a total cash position of USD63 million, which 
will allow the fund to aggressively pursue private equity deals at good 
valuations, while leaving cash available for distribution to shareholders.

Net asset value at 30 June 2011

NAV per share at 30 June 2011

USD752 million

USD2.32

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  3

Divestments 

VOF in FY2011 made significant 
progress towards its strategic 
objectives.

The overall goal is to increase the NAV and close 
the share price discount. In FY2011, the Manager 
focused on trade sales and acquiring high-growth 
private equity assets in key sectors.

Performance highlights

Consumer goods
Hanoi Liquor JSC (Halico) is Vietnam’s leading 
Vodka producer and distributor. VOF sold a 23.6 
percent stake in Halico to Diageo plc.

Vinacafe is Vietnam’s leading instant coffee 
producer, focused on robusta beans. VOF sold its 
stake in Vinacafe to another investment fund.

Education
International School of Ho Chi Minh City is among 
the leading international school’s in Vietnam. VOF 
sold the majority of its stake in ISHCMC to Cognita, 
one of the world’s top private school operators.

FY2011 divestment summary
Total proceeds from PE/OTC divestments in FY2011: USD77m
Total weighted average IRR: 48.1%
Total weighted average multiple: 3.7x 

In addition, after the financial year ended, VOF divested a majority of its 
stake in Hoan My Hospital Group.

4   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Performance highlights

New investments 

Close the share price discount

VOF’s private equity investments continued to focus on the consumer goods 
sector. This sector is enjoying high growth and attracting overseas strategic 
investors.

Consumer goods 
Yen Viet JSC is Vietnam’s top producer and distributor 
of bird’s nest nutritional products, a high-cost health 
supplement with a huge growth market, particularly in 
China. VOF holds a 20.0 percent equity stake in Yen Viet. 

Thai Hoa Coffee JSC is Vietnam’s third largest coffee 
producer and the market leader in the high-value 
arabica sector. VOF holds a 10.0 percent equity stake in 
Thai Hoa Coffee. 

VOF during FY2011 also increased its stake in agro-chemicals firm An Giang 
Plant Protection JSC, and acquired a small stake in Binh Dien Fertiliser.

VOF made some progress in closing the share price discount
during FY2011. However, VOF’s share price is correlated to the performance 
of the VN Index, which declined 21 percent in USD terms over the year 
ended 30 June 2011. In addition, the European debt crisis had a negative 
impact on equities markets around the world.

Share price discount
30 June 2011: 32.3%
30 June 2010: 41.9%

VOF did not make a distribution payment in FY2011, but held an EGM in
October 2011 that added a permanent share buyback mechanism to the 
fund’s Charter. Buybacks subsequently commenced in November 2011.

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  5

“Ultimately, 
the investment 
success of the 
manager will 
be the best 
proof to the 
market of the 
value and promise of the VOF 
portfolio.”

Chairman’s statement

Dear shareholders,

The 2011 financial year saw Vietnam’s economy constrained by renewed 
high inflation, which required tightened fiscal and monetary policies. Credit 
growth was reined in, and GDP growth slowed to 5.6 percent year-on-year 
at 30 June 2011, down from 6.8 percent in 2010. Pressure on the Vietnam 
dong (VND) eased following an official devaluation in early 2011, but is likely 
to return when interest rates eventually decline.

During the year, VOF continued to outperform its peer group of Vietnam 
diversified funds. However, sustained NAV growth was not possible given 
the market environment. VOF’s listed equities and real estate holdings both 
lost value over the year, primarily from unrealised losses and write-downs. 
The poor performance of Vietnam’s capital markets in FY2011 stands in 
contrast to the strong deal environment that saw the fund divest several 
private equity and OTC assets for high returns, while investing at low 
valuations in well-managed businesses with high earnings growth.

Vinacafe, Halico, the International School of Ho Chi Minh City and a real 
estate asset in Hoi An saw divestment contracts signed during the year, 
resulting in total proceeds of USD77 million and a weighted average IRR of 
48.1 percent. In addition, VOF exited the majority of its stake in Hoan My 
hospital group to Fortis Healthcare, at a significant gain, shortly after the 
end of the financial year. The Halico and International School divestments 
were to strategic investors, attracted to Vietnam’s long-term potential and 
able to enter the market easily given the low cost of capital on international 
debt markets.

6   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Chairman’s statement

Both the Board and Manager, however, are 
aware that the success with trade sales in FY2011 
was not reflected in NAV growth or returns to 
shareholders. The share price discount increased 
after the VN Index continued to decline, and the 
Euro debt crisis further pulled down international 
markets. Trading in VOF’s shares is unfortunately 
correlated to the VN Index performance, even 
though, as a diversified fund, less than 50 
percent of the portfolio is in listed and OTC 
equities.

To return greater value to shareholders, VOF 
will seek to add a share buyback mechanism to 
the fund’s articles of association at an EGM to 
be held on 25 October 2011. Once the buyback 
programme can start, and given the continued 
strong deal environment in Vietnam, we 
believe the 2012 financial year offers improved 
prospects for the fund’s shareholders. The 
Manager’s strategy will be to continue exits of 
mature assets, including real estate holdings, 
and reinvest proceeds into well-managed, high-
growth companies, while leaving funds available 
for return to shareholders, via tender or buyback 
distributions.

The Board is aware that VOF needs to prove 
to shareholders that it can generate value 
and offer an excellent investment proposition 
going forward. The Manager must work hard to 
achieve this, but the Board remains confident 
the investment environment offers the potential 
for the fund to take full advantage of an 
eventual recovery in Vietnam’s capital markets. 
VOF continues to hold many of Vietnam’s best 
companies and projects in its portfolio, and the 
management team has a strong track record of 
exits.

The Board will continue to keep shareholders 
updated on progress in achieving our strategic 
objectives, and returning VOF to prominence 
as one of the best emerging market investment 
opportunities for international investors.

Thank you for your continued support.

William Vanderfelt
Chairman
VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Ltd
31 October 2011

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  7

8   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Investment environment

Economy 
Vietnam recovered quickly from the 2009 global financial crisis to post 6.8 
percent GDP growth in 2010. The strength of Vietnam’s domestic economy 
was evident, as construction, manufacturing and retail sales all showed 
vigorous growth. However, the 2010 success came at a cost. Fiscal and 
monetary policies were prematurely loosened in the second half of 2010, 
spurring growth but leading to inflation and depreciation pressure on the 
Vietnam dong (VND). The complex negotiation consumers and businesses 
make between gold, USD and VND had a profound impact on the economy. 
Business loans in 2009 were primarily denominated in VND given the 
subsidised credit available. When the subsidised loan programme was 
phased out in 2010, businesses took loans in USD given the lower interest 
rates. When these dollar loans came due in late 2010, the VND came under 
pressure.

At the same time, the widening trade deficit raised concerns among foreign 
investors and creditors. Amid mounting criticism, Vietnam acted decisively 
in early 2011 by devaluing the VND by over seven percent, and sharply 
restricting credit supply and public spending.

The economy slowed, with GDP growth falling to 5.6 percent annualised 
over the first half of 2011. Given the lag between policy decisions and their 
impact, however, inflation continued to rise over the first six months of 
2011, reaching over 20 percent year-on-year by June. The VND was stable 
over this period, given the high deposit rates available and the forced sale of 
USD by state-owned enterprises.

Prospects for the remainder of 2011 are for GDP growth of around 5.5 
percent, with inflation gradually declining to about 18 percent CPI growth 
for the year. Interest rates will come down as inflation falls, and no VND 
devaluation is foreseen given stronger State Bank reserves and a balance of 
payments surplus for 2011 estimated at USD4.5 billion.

Capital markets and real estate
For the year ended 30 June 2011, the Vietnam Index (VN Index) declined 
almost 21 percent in USD terms, resulting in a trailing price-to-earnings 
ratio for the market of 9.2x (2010: 5.8 percent gain; 10.8x trailing P/E). This 
is significantly lower than P/Es in regional peers like Thailand, Indonesia, 
Malaysia and the Philippines. 

The poor VN Index performance was due to the depreciation of the VND, 
and the tightened liquidity at banks following the government’s inflation-
fighting policy efforts. Historically, domestic liquidity – predominantly 

Credit growth and CPI inflation, 2006-2011

70.0%

60.0%

50.0%

40.0%

30.0%

20.0%

10.0%

0.0%

Jan-06 Sep-06 May-07

Jan-08 Sep-08 May-09 Jan-10 Sep-10 May-11

Credit growth, year-on-year

CPI growth, year-on-year

30.0%

25.0%

20.0%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

0.0%

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  9

Vietnam balance of payments, 2006-2011E

30,000.0

20,000.0

10,000.0

0.0

-10,000.0

-20,000.0

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011E

 Trade balance      ODA and Govt borrowings     FDI disbursement     Remittances

Investment environment

from bank loans and margin lending – has fuelled the growth and value of 
the Vietnam stock markets. With this liquidity removed in 2011, the stock 
market suffered. Also, high deposit rates of over 20 percent and the rising 
gold price kept consumers from investing in equities. In VND terms, the 
price of gold almost doubled during the year. In this environment, equities 
and even real estate remain unattractive. Despite the tight liquidity and 
market slowdown, some Vietnamese equities still posted strong results in 
2011, including VOF investees Vinamilk and Eximbank. Among the weakest 
performers were real estate stocks and sectors that depend on construction, 
such as building materials.

Outlook
The investment environment in Vietnam continues to favour private 
companies in sectors such as consumer goods, financial services, healthcare 
and education. The long-term demand in these sectors has attracted the 
attention of international companies looking to expand into Vietnam. 
Trade sales have emerged as a viable exit opportunity for private equity 
investments, as opposed to a few years ago when public listings were 
needed to generate exits. Vietnam’s government appears willing to stay 
the course in its effort to stabilise the economy, and there is greater 
transparency regarding policy moves and their impact than in the past. 
The missteps of 2010 have been corrected, with the currency stable for the 
time being. As a result, 2012 offers the possibility for Vietnam to improve 
its somewhat tarnished image in the eyes of foreign investors. A return to 
high growth rates and free-flowing credit is unlikely, but also not necessary. 
Vietnam’s domestic economic demand is high enough, with steady, stable 
growth, to result in numerous investment opportunities in VOF’s focus areas. 

10   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Portfolio performance

Vietnam Opportunity Fund Ltd (VOF) at the end of June 2011 had an NAV 
of USD752 million, or USD2.32 per share. This was a decline of 3.9 percent 
from the end of June 2010, when VOF had an NAV of USD783 million, 
or USD2.41 per share. The decline was more moderate than that of the 
Vietnam Index, which dropped 21 percent in USD terms over the same 
period. VOF’s relatively strong performance was due in part to several 
significant private equity divestments.

Asset class performance
VOF’s primary asset classes – in addition to cash – are listed equities, 
OTC and private equities, and direct investments in hotels and real estate 
projects. Each asset class faced a different environment during the year, with 
widely differing impacts on the fund’s net asset value.

The listed equity component had a market value of USD275 million at 30 
June 2011, or 37 percent of the fund’s NAV. This is a decline of USD47 million 
from 30 June 2010, and is due to net divestment and unrealised losses. 
Overall, this asset class saw realised and unrealised losses of 18 percent over 
the financial year. The loss was due to the devaluation of the VND, and the 
underperformance of real estate equities such as DIC Corp and Quoc Cuong 
Gia Lai. In addition, equities in the building materials sector have a high 
correlation to the real estate market, and saw losses as a result. However, 
the fund’s listed component did outperform the VN Index, which decline 21 
percent in USD terms.

The private equity and OTC components, combined, had a book value of 
USD126 million at 30 June 2011, or 17 percent of NAV, a decline from last 
year when private and OTC equities totaled USD139 million, or 18 percent 
of NAV. Nonetheless, FY2011 saw this component return 36 percent, mainly 
due to realised gains from trade sales that occurred above the carrying 

values at the time of divestment. These exits have added to VOF’s significant 
cash holdings.

VOF’s real estate component consists primarily of minority holdings in 
assets co-invested with VinaLand Limited (VNL). During the year, VOF saw 11 
projects written up by an average of 13.4 percent and eight projects written 
down by an average of 6.0 percent, resulting in a net increase of USD1.6 
million. The real estate portfolio had a book value of USD179 million at 30 
June 2011, or 24 percent of NAV. Last year, the real estate projects portfolio 
was valued at USD171 million. Note that in addition to direct projects, VOF 
has exposure to Vietnam’s property market through investment in listed real 
estate developers.

VOF comparative performance (by calendar year)

VOF

VOF capital markets

VN Index

Capital markets funds*

Diversified funds**

YTD 2011

-1.8%

-4.6%

18.0%

-13.3%

-6.1%

2010

-1.6%

-7.2%

-6.8%

-5.7%

2009

31.0%

47.6%

42.8%

14.1%

2008

-47.1%

-68.7%

-60.2%

-32.3%

* Capital market funds: VEIL, VGF, VEH, PXP, VEEF, Mekong, VN Holding, VNM ETF and FTSE VN ETF.
** Diversified funds: VOF, VNL, VNI, VEIL VGF VRF, VPF, VEH, VPH, Pru Offshore and DWS.

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  11

Portfolio performance

The hospitality component, consisting of stakes in six operating hotels, had a 
book value of USD73 million at 30 June 2011, or 10 percent of NAV. This was 
an increase over 30 June 2010, when the hospitality portfolio was valued at 
USD62 million. VOF invested in a minority stake of the Legend Hotel Saigon 
during the year, and the value of this holding was written up following 
independent valuation reports that indicated a fair market value above the 
acquisition cost. The Sofitel Legend Metropole Hotel was also written up, 
following a year of record performance.

Bonds amounted to USD11 million as of 30 June 2011, while VOF’s cash and 
cash equivalent holdings were USD86 million at 30 June, up from USD82 
million the previous year. Cash was received from private equity exits, and 
was partially reinvested throughout the year. VOF intends to continue to 
invest the cash as market conditions improve, while also carrying out share 
buybacks to return value to shareholders.

Trade sale divestments
VOF’s main investment focus is to acquire significant stakes of private and 
OTC-traded companies that benefit from domestic economic growth, which 
includes sectors such as consumer goods, education, healthcare, financial 
services, materials and logistics. This strategy, in FY2011, resulted in solid 
exits from Hanoi Liquor JSC (Halico), the International School of Ho Chi Minh 
City (ISHCMC), and Vinacafe, Vietnam’s leading instant coffee producer. And 
shortly after the financial year ended, VOF exited a majority of its stake in 
the Hoan My hospital group, to Fortis Healthcare.

Performance summary 

Top gainers

Total realised gains

Total unrealised gains

Total gains

Top losers

Halico (HLC), International School (ISHCMC), 
Vinamilk (VNM), Sofitel Metropole, An Giang Plant 
Protection

28,092

25,773

53,865

DIC Corp (DIG), Quoc Cuong Gia Lai (QCG), 
Hoa Phat Group (HPG), Binh Chanh (BCI)

Total realised losses

Total unrealised losses

Total losses

1,345

38,646

39,991

The Manager believes private equity investments, followed by successful 
listings or trade sale divestments, are the most profitable area of the 
fund’s investment activity, and will remain so given the continued growth 
of many privately-held Vietnamese companies. VOF reinvested a portion 
of the proceeds from FY2011 trade sales into private equity deals such as 
Yen Viet JSC, the largest private bird’s nest nutritional products company in 
Vietnam, and an increased stake in An Giang Plant Protection JSC, the largest 
agricultural inputs and seeds business in Vietnam.

12   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Portfolio performance

Divestment history

NAV and share price performance

60.0

50.0

40.0

30.0

20.0

10.0

0

International 
School of Ho Chi 
Minh City 

Halico

Vinacafe

Itaco

Licogi16

 Investment      Exit

5.00

4.50

4.00

3.50

3.00

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0

Share price
NAV
VN-Index

2.34

1200

1000

800

600

432.54
400

200

1.57

0
Jun-11

Dec-03

Mar-05

Jun-06

Sep-07

Dec-08

Mar-10

Share price discount
Despite the relatively stable NAV and success in closing deals during FY2011, 
the share price performance was disappointing. The share price at the 
end of June 2011 was USD1.57, up 12.1 percent from USD1.40 at the end 
of June 2010. The discount at 30 June 2011 was 32 percent. While this 
was an improvement over the 43 percent discount at 30 June 2010, the 
Manager was not able to sustain the momentum of a narrowing discount 
that followed the announcement of a capital distribution policy in October 
2010. Although VOF’s NAV declined only slightly, trading in the fund’s shares 
is correlated to the VN Index, which dropped significantly in early 2011. 

Strategy and outlook
VOF in FY2012 will continue to divest mature holdings and reinvest 
proceeds into higher-growth businesses. A share buyback programme 
is now in operation. VOF will seek to rebalance its portfolio, to reduce 
exposure to listed equities, real estate projects and other real estate-related 
assets. Investment in private and OTC equities will increase, focusing on 
well-managed companies that are attractive to potential strategic buyers, 
or within 18-24 months of an anticipated listing. Targeted investment 
sectors will remain those benefiting from domestic economic growth and 
demographic trends, namely consumer goods, financial services, education, 
healthcare, and agriculture. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  13

  
  
Portfolio by sector 

Cash and equivalents 

Real estate projects 

Consumer goods 

Hospitality 

Real estate equities 

Basic materials 

Financial services 

Industrials 

Other sectors 

Pharma and health 

Minerals and petroleum

Portfolio performance

12.2%

23.0%

12.7%

10.5%

9.8%

9.1%

6.6%

5.2%

5.0%

3.0%

2.8%

Performance by asset class

Amount (USDm)

NAV change

Return

% NAV

Jun-10

Jun-11

USDm

%

%

1. Listed equity

2. OTC and Private equity

    OTC

    Private equity

3. Hospitality

4. Real estate projects

5. Cash and others

36%

17%

10%

7%

11%

23%

13%

Total NAV

100%

NAV per share

330

112

63

49

71

178

92

783

2.41

275

126

73

53

73

179

99

752

2.32

(55)

-17%

-18%

36%

48%

20%

4%

1%

14

10

4

2

1

7

13%

16%

9%

4%

1%

8%

(31)

-3.9%

VOF remains well positioned to assist in taking private businesses to a public 
listing. During 2009 and 2010, 22 companies in the portfolio went public, 
thus lifting the listed equities component to 36.7 percent of NAV at 30 June 
2010. Subsequently, 2011 saw tightened economic policies, the Vietnam 
Index declined and companies halted their IPO plans. VOF was left with little 
opportunity to exit holdings via listings, or to exit holdings that had recently 
held public offerings.

The anticipated recovery of the stock market in Vietnam, therefore, 
continues to be an important part of VOF’s long term success. While trade 
sales such as the Halico, International School and Hoan My deals are 
profitable ventures, they require long lead times and significant effort. 
Vietnam’s listed equities now trade at a discount to regional peers, in P/E 
terms, given the ongoing tight fiscal and monetary environment. In 2012, 
if inflation slows and Vietnam is able to loosen its monetary policies, the 
stock markets should begin to recover. VOF will be able to exit several 
significant holdings. With the better privately-held companies seeing 
earnings growth in excess of 30 percent yearly, VOF will look to reinvest 
proceeds into these exciting businesses.

14   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Portfolio performance

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  15

Top holdings

VOF top 10 holdings at 30 June 2011

Holding

Sofitel Metropole

Vinamilk (VNM)

Eximbank (EIB)

An Giang Plant Protection

Century 21

VinaLand Ltd (VNL)

Danang Beach Resort

Dai Phuoc Lotus

Hoa Phat Group (HPG)

Kinh Do Corp (KDC)

Asset class

Real estate

Listed equity

Listed equity

OTC

Real estate

Listed equity

Real estate

Real estate

Listed equity

Listed equity

Sector

Hospitality

Consumer goods

Financial services

Agriculture

Residential

Real estate

Residential

Township

Industrials

Consumer goods

 % NAV

7.7%

6.3%

5.0%

3.8%

3.8%

3.7%

3.4%

3.2%

3.0%

2.0%

16   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Top holdings

Sofitel Legend Metropole Hanoi Hotel
The Metropole, in central Hanoi, is a historic French colonial landmark first 
built in 1901 and traditionally the home of diplomats and dignitaries visiting 
Vietnam’s capital. The hotel is routinely included on the prestigious Condé 
Nast Gold List of the world’s best places to stay. VOF owns a 50 percent 
stake in the hotel, after increasing its ownership by 14 percent in September 
2008. Although 2009 saw a slowdown for the hospitality industry, the hotel 
recently underwent renovations that included opening new executive floor 
accommodation, an Italian restaurant, and a spa. With these renovations 
complete, performance is improving and the Metropole is expected to 
remain one of Asia’s top hospitality assets for years to come.

Occupancy (%)

ARR (USD) 

RevPar (USD) 

H1 2011

68.5%

197.8

135.4 

2010

62.6%

188.0   

117.7   

2009 

49.3%

191.1

94.3     

2008 

52.3%

245.3

128.2

Vinamilk (VNM)
Vinamilk is the leading dairy products manufacturer and distributor in 
Vietnam, accounting for more than 30 percent of the total dairy market. 
Vinamilk has an extensive nationwide distribution network with almost 
140,000 retail outlets. The domestic market accounts for 90 percent of sales, 
but exports are increasing. Vinamilk is the first Vietnamese company to be 
listed among Asia’s top 200 SMEs by Forbes, ranking 18th in terms of profit. 
H1 2011 financial figures were strong, with revenue and net profit after tax 
reaching USD486 million and USD101 million, respectively, up by 37.9 and 
20.8 percent year-on-year. During H1 2011, VNM issued a three-percent 
share issuance to the public, at an average price of VND130,000 per share, a 
premium of more than 20 percent to the price at 30 June 2011. VNM traded 
at VND109,000 per share as of 30 June 2011, at a 12-month trailing PE of 
10.1x and P/B at 3.6x. 

Profit and loss (VND bn)

FY08A

Revenue

Gross profit

Gross margin

Net income

Net margin

EPS (adjusted)

DPS

Balance sheet (VND bn)

Total assets

Shareholders’ equity

ROE (%)

Book value per share

8,604

2,598

30.2%

1,250

14.5%

3,371

3,000

FY08A

5,967

4,761

26.3%

12,841

FY09A

11,197

3,878

34.6%

2,376

21.2%

6,406

3,000

FY09A

8,482

6,638

35.8%

17,900

FY10E

17,184

5,173

30.1%

3,616

21.0%

9,752

3,000

FY10E

10,773

7,964

45.4%

21,478

H1 2011A

10,167

3,211

31.6%

 2,113

20.8%

5,700

-

H1 2011A

14,699

11,323

18.7%

30,535

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  17

Top holdings

Eximbank (EIB)
Eximbank is a leading commercial bank in Vietnam, ranking eighth among 
more than 40 commercial banks in Vietnam in total deposits and lending. 
In the first half of 2011, EIB continued to deliver impressive results with 
total income and net profit increasing by 84 and 77 percent year-on-year, 
respectively. Strong growth was primarily driven by a 97 percent year-on-
year growth of total assets in H1 2011. Lending continued to grow at a fast 
pace, at 10 percent versus the seven percent sector average, led by a 60 
percent surge in USD lending. Given the current high capitalisation (VND14.5 
trillion) and high capital adequacy ratio (15 percent), EIB still has significant 
growth potential in the coming years, underpinned by its strategy to 
expand aggressively into the retail market. As of 30 June 2011, EIB traded at 
VND14,600 per share, at a P/B 2010 of 1.1x and P/B 2010 of 1.0x. 

An Giang Plant Protection JSC
An Giang Plant Protection JSC (AGPPS) privatised in 2004 and has grown to 
be the market leader in manufacturing and distributing seeds, pesticides, 
and other plant protection chemicals. The company has a 30 percent market 
share, and expects continued strong performance given the prospects of 
strong growth in Vietnam’s agricultural sector due to the world commodities 
boom. The company benefits from the low penetration of modern agro-
chemicals in Vietnam, compared to regional countries. Over the past three 
years, An Giang has seen a compound annual turnover and net profit growth 
of 31 and 45 percent, respectively. An Giang is expanding to rice processing 
and trading activities, to maximise its profits from the agricultural value 
chain. VOF believes this expansion will be a key contributor to An Giang’s 
growth in coming years, as Vietnam is likely to remain the largest rice 
exporter in the world. 

Profit and loss (VND bn)

FY09A

FY10A

H1 FY11A

Net interest income

Non-interest income

Total income

Net income

EPS (VND)

DPS (VND)

Balance sheet (VND bn)

Total assets

Shareholders’ equity

ROA (%)

ROE (%)

1,975

602

2,577

1,132

1,072

1,000

FY09A

65,448

13,353

1.7

8.5

2,882

788

3,670

1,815

1,718

1,350

2,252

248

2,500

1,261

589

FY10A

H1 FY11A

131,110

13,510

1.4

13.4

142,853

14,544

0.9

8.7

Profit and loss (VND bn)

FY08A

FY09A

FY2010A

H1-2011A

Revenue

Gross profit

Gross margin (%)

Net income

Net margin (%)

EPS (VND)

DPS (VND)

2,353 

          3,176 

        4,063 

          2,465 

580 

25%

             912 

         1,112 

             727 

29%

27%

29%

          146 

             328 

           309 

             218 

6%

10%

8%

9%

       8,111 

       12,148 

        4,976 

          3,510 

       5,407 

          5,282 

                -   

                -   

Balance sheet (VND bn)

FY08A

FY09A

FY2010A

H1-2011A

Total assets

       1,050 

          1,539 

        1,854 

          2,482 

Shareholders’ equity

          441 

             638 

        1,057 

          1,102 

ROE (%)

33%

51%

29%

40%

Book value per share

12,645

12,794

13,773

Book value per share (VND)

     24,500 

       23,630 

     17,021 

       17,746 

18   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Top holdings

Century 21
Century 21 was acquired in 2006 due to its location near the site of a new 
traffic corridor to the CBD which opened in November 2011, in an area 
quickly becoming one of Ho Chi Minh City’s main residential suburbs. The 
project involves two separate components – building the resettlement 
housing for relocated residents, and developing the 30ha site itself. An 
Investment Licence application and a revised 1:500 masterplan have been 
submitted for approval. Financing for the development of the first phase will 
be obtained following approval of the masterplan. The strategy is to develop 
the residential portion and divest other elements, including the resettlement 
portion. The surrounding area, District 2, has seen improvements to 
infrastructure which has created interest among domestic and foreign 
investors. VNL intends to obtain the Investment Licence and 1:500 
masterplan approval by Q4 2011. Preliminary infrastructure plans are being 
designed and VNL is in discussion with two potential co-investment partners 
for both the residential Phase 1 and commercial Phase 2.

VinaLand Ltd (VNL)
VNL is a real estate investment fund also managed by VinaCapital. VOF 
previously invested in a 25:75 ratio with VNL on real estate projects such 
as top holdings Danang Beach Resort and Century 21. However, when 
VNL began trading at a significant discount, the VOF Board initiated share 
purchases of VNL, to provide the VOF with great liquidity than investing 
directly in real estate projects. VNL has the largest portfolio of real estate 
assets among foreign investment funds or developers, acquired between 
2006 and 2009. The fund is now in a development and divestment phase 
that will see realisation of these assets, via sale of homes to end users, or 
coinvestment and divestment of projects to third-party developers. VNL has 
commenced a share buyback programme in Q4 2011, with the intention to 
reduce the trading discount.

Project summary

AIM inception: 22 March 2006

Two rounds of fundraising: USD198m in 2006 and USD395m in 2007. 

Century 21

8.1km

District 2

Sector

Area

Location

Residential (25ha) and 
retail (5ha).

30ha; estimated GFA 
570,000sq.m. 

District 2, Ho Chi Minh 
City.

AUM: USD594m

NAV (Sep 11): USD675m

Acquisition phase: 2006-2009, 46 investments at the peak, diversified by geography and real

estate sector

Development/divestment phase: 2009-present, 9 project divestments and a partial exit in

addition to residential sales to local buyers (apartments, villas).

District 1

Total Assets: 37

Leverage (Bank Debt):

Fund: Nil

Project Portfolio: 11% 

Contents

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Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  19

Top holdings

Danang Beach Resort
The Danang Beach Resort site was acquired in 2006 given the fast growth 
of tourism in the neighbouring region of Danang and Hoi An and the 
opportunity to profit from offering the first resort, second-home luxury villas 
in central Vietnam. The golf course opened in April 2010 and the first two 
Ocean Villas phases were handed over in Q3-Q4 2010. The Norman Estates 
branded villas were launched in June 2011 and will be completed in Q1 
2013. The Dunes Residences began selling in September 2010 and will be 
handed over in Q2 2012. The Cham condominium block A has a completed 
superstructure, and the beachfront hotel site is being divested. VNL intends 
to complete construction of all villas at The Dunes Residences and Norman 
Estates, as well as complete the Cham condominium block A in next 18 
months. The fund will seek co-investors for other components. The Danang 
Beach Resort stands as the first truly integrated golf resort in Vietnam and it 
has been a tremendous boon to other VNL holdings.

Dai Phuoc Lotus
The Dai Phuoc Lotus township was acquired given its location on an island 
in a fast-growing outer suburban region of Ho Chi Minh City. The resort 
environment, with transport by both road and boat available to Ho Chi Minh 
City, will attract second home buyers as well as young families. The strategy 
is to develop the six zones of the 200ha site over a period of five to seven 
years, with early partial wholesale divestment to co-investors. Construction 
and sale of the 332 townhouses comprising Zone 5 is underway, with 65 
percent of the ground floor concrete slabs now complete. Some 160 of the 
332 houses have sold to date (Phase 4 with last 90 villas expected to launch 
in Q1 2012). The next phase will see land lot sales instead of completed 
townhouses.

Project summary

Sector

Area

Location

Integrated golf resort.

260ha. 

Danang, central 
Vietnam.

Danang Airport

Danang 
Beach Resort

Hoi An

Project summary

Sector

Township.

Area

200ha. 

Location

Dong Nai Province, 
near Ho Chi Minh City.

District 1

14.7km

Dai Phuoc 
Lotus

20   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Top holdings

Hoa Phat Group (HPG)
Hoa Phat Group (HPG) is the leading industrial manufacturer in Vietnam, 
and the market leader in steel production. Established in 1992 as a trading 
company, HPG was restructured into a holding group specialising in steel, 
steel pipe, furniture, refrigerators, construction and mining equipment, and 
industrial park operation. HPG has an extensive investment pipeline over the 
next three years, including a major steel complex. HPG has also expanded 
to mining and energy, to support the expansion of its steel operations. HPG 
has achieved strong financial performance since 2007, with average annual 
revenue and earnings growth of 37 and 28 percent, respectively. Despite 
the economic slowdown this year, HPG was able to achieve strong H1 2011 
results, with sales and net profit after tax up by 57 and 62 percent year-on-
year, respectively. HPG shares traded at VND30,600 per share at 30 June 
2011, equivalent to P/E 2011 of 6.5x and P/B 2011 of 1.4x.

Kinh Do Corporation (KDC)
Kinh Do Corporation (KDC) was established in 1993 as a small bakery and has 
grown to be one of Vietnam’s most recognisable companies, with many top 
food brands. A new yogurt brand, Well-Yo, has seen spectacular sales growth 
in recent years. At an April 2011 AGM, shareholders approved the issuance 
of 20 million common shares to finance the expansion of the confectionary 
segment, including a new premium chocolate production line and expansion 
of its ice-cream and yogurt production lines. KDC is in talks with strategic 
investors for the block of shares, expected to transact at a 20-30 percent 
premium to the market price. Kinh Do business is seasonal, with up to 70 
percent of revenue and 90 percent of earnings derived from Q3 and Q4 
sales. Although H1 2011 earnings were low, management is confident they 
can achieve financial targets this year. As of 30 June 2011, KDC traded at 
equivalent to a P/E 2011 of 11.4x and P/B 2011 of 1.2x.

Profit and loss (VND bn)

FY08A

FY09A

Revenue

Gross profit

Gross margin (%)

Net income

Net margin (%)

EPS (VND/share)

DPS (VND/share)

Balance sheet (VND bn)

Total assets

Shareholders’ equity

ROE (%)

Book value per share (VND)

8,502

1,258

14.8%

854

10.0%

2,687

1,200

FY08A

5,639

4,111

20.8%

12,934

8,244

1,976

24.0%

1,271

15.4%

3,999

1,200

FY09A

10,243

4,898

25.9%

15,410

FY10E

14,492

2,458

17.0%

1,349

9.3%

4,244

1,200

FY10E

14,903

6,398

21.1%

20,129

H1 2011A

Profit and loss (VND bn)

9,368

1,794

19.2%

1,027

11.0%

3,231

Revenue

Gross profit

Gross margin (%)

Net income

Net margin (%)

Adjusted EPS (VND)

-

DPS (VND)

H1 2011A

Balance sheet (VND bn)

17,598

7,184

14.3%

22,602

Total assets

Shareholders’ equity

ROE (%)

Book value per share (VND)

FY08A

1,466

370

25.2%

-85

n.a

3,069

1,800

FY08A

2,983

2,075

17.8%

17,361

FY09A

FY10A

H1 2011A

1,539

505

32.8%

480

31.2%

4,225

2,400

FY09A

4,247

2,413

20.9%

20,231

1,942

685

35.3%

522

26.9%

5,731

2,400

1,523

529

34.7%

33

2.2%

4,426

-

FY10A

H1 2011A

5,039

3,738

18.3%

31,276

5,149

3,755

14.1%

31,418

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  21

Management team

Don Lam 
Chief Executive Officer

1

Don Lam founded VinaCapital in
2003 alongside partners Horst
Geicke and Chris Gradel. Don
has over 15 years experience in
Vietnam, working previously at
PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deutsche
Bank, and Coopers & Lybrand.
Don is one of Vietnam’s most
internationally recognised business
leaders, having brought over
USD1.5 billion in foreign indirect
investment into the country since
2003. Don is an active member
and regular speaker at the World
Economic Forum and other leading
international conference and events.
He has a degree in Commerce and
Political Science from the University
of Toronto, and is a member of the
Institute of Chartered Accountants
of Canada. He is a Certified Public
Accountant and holds a Securities
Licence in Vietnam.

(Left to right:       Mr. Don Lam       Mr. Nguyen Viet Cuong;       Mrs. Dang Pham Minh;       Mr. Andy Ho;       Mr. Brook Taylor)              

 5

 4

 2

 1

 3

22   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Management team

Brook Taylor 
Chief Operating Officer

2

Brook Taylor has almost 20 years of 
management experience, including 
eight years in Vietnam as a senior 
partner with major accounting 
firms. Previously, Brook was deputy 
managing partner of Deloitte in 
Vietnam and head of the firm’s audit 
practice. He was also managing 
partner of Andersen Vietnam and a 
senior audit partner at KPMG. Brook 
has expertise spanning financial 
audits, internal audits, corporate 
finance, taxation, business planning 
and IT systems risk management. 
He has a B.A. in Commerce and 
Administration from Victoria 
University of Wellington, New 
Zealand, and is a member of the 
New Zealand Institute of Chartered 
Accountants.

3 Andy Ho

Managing Director and 
Head of Investment

Andy Ho joined VinaCapital in early 
2007 to oversee the capital markets, 
private equity, fixed income and 
venture capital investment teams. 
Previously, Andy directed Prudential 
Vietnam’s fund management 
company. In all, Andy has led over 
USD1 billion in investments across 
all market sectors in Vietnam. He has 
also held management positions at 
Dell Ventures (the investment arm
of Dell Computer Corporation) and 
Ernst & Young. He holds an MBA 
from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology and is a 
Certified Public Accountant in the 
United States.

Nguyen Viet Cuong
Deputy Managing Director

4

Cuong Nguyen joined VinaCapital 
in November 2003 and currently 
manages VOF’s capital markets 
portfolio. Cuong holds board 
positions at several VOF investee 
companies, including Vinamilk and 
Hau Giang Pharma. Previously, 
Cuong worked at Unilever Vietnam 
and KPMG Vietnam. He is a certified 
accountant FCCA (UK), and holds a 
BA in Corporate Finance and Banking 
from the University of Economics, Ho 
Chi Minh City.

Dang Pham Minh Loan
Deputy Managing Director

5

Loan Dang joined VinaCapital in 
August 2005 and is responsible for 
VOF’s private equity and capital 
market investments. Loan has led 
numerous private equity and private 
placement deals for VOF, and holds 
board positions at several VOF 
investee companies, including Hoa 
Phat Group and Quoc Cuong Gia 
Lai. Loan has previous experience 
at KPMG Vietnam and Unilever 
Vietnam. She has an MBA
from the University of Hawaii 
and holds an FCCA (UK) fellow 
membership and a BA in Finance and 
Accounting from the University of 
Economics, Ho Chi Minh City.

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  23

24   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  25

Board of Directors

William Vanderfelt
Chairman

Mr. Vanderfelt 
was appointed to 
the VOF Board in 
2003 and became 
Chairman in 2008. 
He has over 30 
years of experience 
as Managing 

Michael G. Gray
Director

Michael G. Gray 
was appointed 
to the VOF Board 
in 2009. He has 
over 30 years 
professional 
experience, 
including 10 

Martin Glynn
Director

Martin Glynn was 
appointed to the 
VOF Board in 2008. 
He has 30 years 
of experience 
in the financial 
services industry. 
He worked first in 

Partner of Petercam, the leading independent 
Benelux investment bank, in charge of Institutional 
Research and Sales. Mr. Vanderfelt is an 
experienced fund investor and acts as a board 
director of several listed funds. He is a passionate 
proponent of good corporate governance and will 
help the Company ensure that it maintains best 
practice in its corporate governance.

years in the shipping industry before training 
as a chartered accountant with Coopers & 
Lybrand in the UK. Mr. Gray was a partner in 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Singapore and before 
that was the Territorial Senior Partner for 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Indochina (Vietnam, 
Cambodia and Laos). He is a board member of 
several companies in Singapore, including Avi-
tech Electronics Ltd, JEL Corporation Holdings Ltd, 
Grand Banks Ltd, and Raffles Marina Holdings Ltd.

the export finance industry and then for HSBC 
for 24 years until his retirement in 2006. He 
commenced his career at HSBC in Canada and 
worked his way up to President and CEO of HSBC 
Bank Canada. From 2003 to 2006 he served as 
President and CEO of HSBC Bank USA, N.A. Mr. 
Glynn has extensive board experience within the 
HSBC group of companies and externally, taking 
on leadership roles in the profit and not-for-
profit sectors. He has two degrees from Canadian 
universities.

26   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Board of Directors

Horst F. Geicke
Director

Don Lam
Director

Horst F. Geicke is one of VinaCapital’s three 
founding partners, and served as Chairman 
of VinaCapital from 2003 to 2011. Mr. Geicke 
is also a founding partner of Pacific Alliance 
Group, a fund management company in Hong 
Kong. He has resided in Hong Kong since 
1981 and in Vietnam since 2002. Mr. Geicke 
is Chairman of Euro Auto BMW Vietnam and 
Victory Capital Cambodia. He is Director of several companies that operate 
in Vietnam, including VinaSecurities, VinaProjects, and the VinaCapital funds 
VOF, VNL and VNI. Mr. Geicke is the President of the European Chamber of 
Commerce in Hong Kong and President of the Hong Kong-Vietnam Chamber 
of Commerce. He was previously the President of the German Chamber 
of Commerce in Hong Kong, and was Director of the Regional Board of the 
Young Presidents’ Organisation from 2001-2004. He is the director or board 
member of numerous companies and associations, including the German 
Business Association of Vietnam, the Hong Kong-Thailand Business Council, 
and the Hong Kong-EU Business Cooperation Committee. Mr. Geicke has 
a Masters degree in Economics and Business Law from the University of 
Hamburg, Germany.

Don Lam is a founding partner of VinaCapital 
Group, with over 15 years experience in 
Vietnam. He has overseen the Group’s 
growth from manager of a single USD10 
million fund in 2003 into a full-featured 
investment firm managing numerous listed 
and unlisted funds, and offering a complete 
range of corporate finance and real estate 
advisory services. Before founding VinaCapital, Mr. Lam was a partner at 
PricewaterhouseCoopers (Vietnam), where he led the Corporate Finance 
and Management Consulting practices throughout the Indochina region. 
Mr. Lam has also held management positions at Deutsche Bank and 
Coopers & Lybrand in Vietnam and Canada. He has a degree in Commerce 
and Political Science from the University of Toronto, and is a member of 
the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Canada. He is a Certified Public 
Accountant and holds a Securities Licence in Vietnam.

Contents

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Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  27

The Board of Directors submits its report 
together with the consolidated financial 
statements of VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity 
Fund Limited (“the Company”) and its 
subsidiaries (together “the Group”) for the year 
ended 30 June 2011 (“the year”). 

The Group
VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited 
was incorporated in the Cayman Islands as a 
limited liability company. The registered office 
of the Company is PO Box 309GT, Ugland House, 
South Church Street, George Town, Grand 
Cayman, Cayman Islands.

The details of the Group’s subsidiaries and 
associates are set out in Note 6 and Note 9 of the 
consolidated financial statements.

Principal activities
The Company’s principal activity is to undertake 
various forms of investment in Vietnam (primarily), 
and also in Cambodia, Laos and Southern China. 
The Company mainly invests in listed and unlisted 
companies, debt instruments, private equity and 
real estate assets and other opportunities with 
the objective of achieving medium to long-term 
capital appreciation and investment income. 

Report of the Board of Directors

Results and dividend
The consolidated results of the Group’s operations 
for the year ended 30 June 2011 and the state 
of its affairs as at that date are presented in the 
consolidated financial statements on pages 6 to 49.

The Board of Directors do not recommend 
payment of a dividend for the year ended 30 June 
2011 (30 June 2010: nil).

consolidated financial position of the Group as 
disclosed in the Statement of Financial Position as 
at 30 June 2011 or on the results of its operation 
and its cash flows for the year then ended.

Directors’ interest in the Company
As at 30 June 2011, the interests of the Directors 
in the shares, underlying shares and debentures 
of the Company are as follows:

Board of Directors
The members of the Company’s Board of 
Directors during the year and up to the date of 
this report are:

No. of shares

Direct

Indirect

Percentage 
of issued 
capital 
(direct and 
indirect 
holding)

Name

Position

Date of appointment

William Vanderfelt

Chairman

10 December 2004

Horst Geicke

Martin Glynn

Don Lam 

Michael Gray

Director

Director

Director

Director

14 March 2003

18 March 2008

18 March 2008

24 June 2009

Horst Geicke

1,275,000 

278,840 

0.479%

Don Lam

1,005,859

184,883

0.367%

William Vanderfelt

-

600,000

0.185%

Michael Gray

Martin Glynn

100,000

 20,000

-

-

0.031%

0.006%

Auditors
The Group’s auditors, Grant Thornton Cayman 
Islands with the assistance of Grant Thornton 
(Vietnam) Ltd., have expressed their willingness 
to accept re-appointments.

Subsequent to the reporting date, Mr. Horst Geicke 
disposed of 500,000 shares on the open market 
bringing his total direct interest to 775,000 shares in 
the Company, which represents a 0.325% holding.

Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the 
consolidated financial statements
The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring 
that the consolidated financial statements are 

The principal activities of the subsidiaries 
are financial services, property investment, 
hospitality management and retailing.

Subsequent events after the reporting date
No significant events have occurred since the 
reporting date which would impact on the 

28   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Report of the Board

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Fund information

Report of the Board of Directors

properly drawn up so as to give a true and fair 
view of the financial position of the Group as at 
30 June 2011 and of the results of its operations 
and its cash flows for the year then ended on 
that date. In preparing the consolidated financial 
statements, the Board of Directors is required to:

i. 

ii. 

iii. 

iv. 

  adopt appropriate accounting policies which 
are supported by reasonable and prudent 
judgements and estimates and then apply 
them consistently;

  comply with the disclosure requirements 
of the International Financial Reporting 
Standards or, if there have been any 
departures in the interest of true and fair 
presentation, ensure that these have been 
appropriately disclosed, explained and 
quantified in the consolidated financial 
statements;

  maintain adequate accounting records and 
an effective system of internal control;

  prepare the consolidated financial 
statements on a going concern basis unless 
it is inappropriate to assume that the 
Group will continue its operations in the 
foreseeable future; and

v. 

control and direct effectively the Group in 
all material decisions affecting its operations 
and performance and ascertain that such 

decisions and/or instructions have been 
properly reflected in the consolidated financial 
statements.

The Board of Directors is also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence 
for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The Board of Directors confirms that the Group has 
complied with the above requirements in preparing 
the consolidated financial statements.

Statement by the Board of Directors
In the opinion of the Board of Directors, the 
accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial 
Position, Consolidated Statements of Income and 
Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Statement of 
Changes in Equity and Consolidated Statement of 
Cash Flows, together with the notes thereto, have 
been properly drawn up and give a true and fair view 
of the financial position of the Group as at 30 June 
2011 and the results of its operations and its cash 
flows for the year then ended in accordance with the 
International Financial Reporting Standards.

On behalf of the Board of Directors

31 October 2011
William Vanderfelt
Chairman 
Hong Kong

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Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  29

Governance report

The Board of Directors (‘the Board’) is pleased 
to report on the activities of the Board and its 
Committees during the 2011 financial year. 
VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited 
(’VOF’ or ‘the Fund’) is a Cayman Islands company 
established in 2003 and traded on the AIM 
Market of the London Stock Exchange. The Fund 
respects the AIM governing laws and regulations, 
and implements and promotes to the full extent 
possible the guidelines and rules issued by the 
respective regulatory authorities. 

Throughout the year ended 30 June 2011, the 
Fund has complied with the AIM rules set out in 
the United Kingdom London Stock Exchange for 
listed companies on the Alternative Investment 
Market (“AIM”). 

The Fund, although not required to do so as 
an AIM listed company, uses as good practice 
guidelines the UK Corporate Governance Code 
(‘the Code’), and the Association of Investment 
Companies Code of Corporate Governance 
(‘the AIC Code’), which adapts the Combined 
Code specifically for investment companies. The 
Board regularly reviews the Fund’s corporate 
governance system with advice from the 
Nominated Advisors (‘Nomad’) to ensure that it is 
aligned and balanced with international practice. 

The Board is committed to attain and maintain a 
high standard of corporate governance, with the 
ultimate aim of protecting shareholders’ and other 
stakeholders’ interests. The activities performed by 
the Board and the Board Committees during the 
year are testament of this commitment. 

The Board

The Board is ultimately responsible for the Fund 
performance on behalf of its shareholders. 
In order to create and deliver sustainable 
shareholder value, the Board oversees the 
Fund’s strategy, direction and supervision 
of VinaCapital Investment Management Ltd 
(‘the Investment Manager’) as stipulated in 
the investment management agreement. The 
investment management agreement documents 
the Investment Manager’s responsibilities and 

the approval process to enter or exit investments, 
or enter into any commitments on behalf of the 
Fund. Under the agreement, the Board ensures 
the Investment Manager follows the Board’s 
strategic direction to achieve the investment 
objectives in the identification, acquisition and 
disposal of properties; the management of 
such properties; and the determination of any 
financing arrangements.

The Board is also responsible for reviewing and 
signing-off the interim and annual financial 
statements prepared by the independent auditor 
as a true and fair view of the Fund’s financial 
status at the time of the report. Furthermore, the 
Board ensures that any issues or matters raised 
by the auditor are adequately addressed by the 
Investment Manager. 

Current board members

Independence to the Fund

Exec/non-exec director

William Vanderfelt

Martin Glynn

Michael Gray

Don Lam

Horst Geicke

Yes

Yes

Yes

No*

No**

Non-executive

Non-executive

Non-executive

Non-executive

Non-executive

*   Mr Don Lam is an executive of the Investment Manager, VinaCapital Investment Management Ltd, and a Director of VinaCapital Group Ltd, a controlling 

shareholder of the Investment Manager. 

**   Mr Horst Geicke is a Director of VinaCapital Group Ltd, a controlling shareholder of the Investment Manager.

30   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Governance report

Other specific responsibilities reserved for the Board to decide and consider 
are: the Fund’s investment strategy; major investment and divestment 
transactions; related party transactions; appointment or reappointment of 
auditors and key advisors; and other significant operational and financial 
matters as required. 

The Board is considered independent of the Fund and the Investment 
Manager, because the majority of its members are non-executive 
independent directors. The Board members remained the same as the 
previous year and comprised three independent non-executive Directors, 
including the Chairman, and two non-independent Directors. Each Director 
has appropriate qualifications, industry experience and expertise to help 
guide the Fund. The Directors’ biographies are included in this annual report. 

The independent non-executive Directors annually declare that they were, 
and continue to be, independent from the Fund, the investment manager, 
and any of its managed vehicles. 

At the end of the financial year, the aggregate Director fees amounted to 
USD195,000. 

The Board meets at least four times a year and uses a structured agenda 
to ensure all key areas are reviewed; covering but not limited to the review 
of the Fund strategy, financial performance, and Investment Manager’s 
operations. 

A summary of the Board members’ attendance and fees paid are shown in 
the table below:

Board Member

Elected Current Board 
Position

Audit 
Committee 
(AC)

Valuation 
Committee 
(VC)

RNME 
Committee 
(RNME)

Attendance1

Total Fee USD

Board 
meetings

AC 
meetings

VC 
meetings

RNME 
meetings

William Vanderfelt

Michael Gray

Martin Glynn

Don Lam

Horst Geicke

Total

2003

2009

2008

2008

2003

Chairman

Member

Member

Chairman

Member

Member

Member

Member

Chairman

Member

Member

Chairman

Member

Member

-

-

-

-

-

-

4/4

4/4

4/4

4/4

3/4 

4/4

4/4

4/4

-

-

6/6

6/6

6/6

-

-

1/1

1/1

1/1

-

-

75,000

60,000

60,000

-

-

195,000

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  31

Governance report

All the Fund’s Directors have direct contact 
with the Investment Manager’s Legal Counsel 
and Head of Compliance and key external 
advisors. They advise the Board on corporate 
documentation, legal, governance and 
compliance issues. 

The Investment Manager has arranged appropriate 
Directors and Officers insurance coverage for the 
Fund’s Directors to cover any liabilities arising from 
corporate activities. The insurance coverage is 
reviewed every 18 months or as required.  

Board Committees
Certain responsibilities of the Board are 
delegated to Board Committees to assist 
the Board in carrying out its functions and 
to ensure independent oversight of internal 
control and risk management. Each Board 
Committee’s terms of reference is based on the 
model terms of reference from the Institute 
of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators 
(ICSA). Each Committee’s terms of reference set 
out its administration requirements, duties and 
responsibilities. 

Audit Committee
All independent non-executive directors are 
members of this Committee. Michael Gray is 
Chairman of the Committee. The Committee is 

responsible for overseeing the effectiveness of the 
Fund’s systems of internal control, risk management 
and financial reporting. The Committee is also kept 
informed of the annual audit and interim half-
year review of the Fund’s financial statements. It 
assesses the external auditor’s independence and 
considers any non-audit services provided by the 
external auditor. The Committee also evaluates 
the performance of both the internal and external 
auditors following each audit cycle.  

The Committee undertakes an advisory role and 
makes recommendations arising from the above 
activities at each Board meeting. The Committee’s 
Chairman presents the auditors’ findings and any 
proposals to the Board for approval. 

The Committee met four times during the year 
and performed the following key activities: 

•  Reviewed the audit strategy and practices by 

the external auditor;

•  Reviewed the integrity and opinion on the 

interim and year-end financial reports before 
the Board’s review and approval;

•  Reviewed the annual internal audit plan and 
appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers 
Vietnam as the internal auditor;

•  Reviewed the Fund’s internal audit report on 
the internal control system and key business 
processes;

•  Reviewed the Investment Manager’s risk 
management framework and associated 
activities;

•  Reviewed the Fund’s major risks as reported 

by the Investment Manager;

•  Reviewed related party transactions involving 
the Fund, directors, the investment manager 
and its employees and affiliates, and project 
companies;

•  Reviewed the Fund’s banking policy;
•  Reviewed governance policies of the 
Investment Manager; including fraud, 
whistleblower and related party transaction 
and conflict of interest management;

•  Review the Fund’s compliance to applicable 

laws and regulations;

•  Reviewed the Committee’s terms of reference 
to ensure it meets the needs of the Board.

Valuation Committee
All independent non-executive directors are 
members of this Committee. Martin Glynn is 
Chairman of the Committee. The Committee’s 
primary goal is to ensure that the Fund’s 
investments portfolio, especially real estate 
investments are recorded at fair values. In doing 
so, the Committee reviews the Investment 
Manager’s revaluation process and the individual 
results of each revaluation exercise. The 
Committee’s Chairman presents the Committee’s 

32   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Governance report

findings and recommendations to the Board for 
approval of property valuations. 

The Committee met six times during the year 
(four times in person and twice by telephone) 
and performed the following key activities:

•  Checked that the basis for valuation is fair and 

reasonable;

•  Ensured the valuation policies and procedures 
are aligned with IFRS accounting standards 
and are known by the staff involved;

services providers. The Committee undertakes 
an advisory role and makes recommendations 
arising from its activities at each Board 
meeting. The Committee’s Chairman presents 
its recommendations and any proposals to the 
Board for approval. 

The Committee met once during the year and 
performed the following activities: 

•  Reviewed the structure and composition of 

the Board and committees;

•  Reviewed the portfolio valuations by asset 

•  Reviewed the performance and remuneration 

classes;

•  Reviewed and recommended all property 

valuations to the Fund’s Board;

•  Ensured Directors have a clear understanding 

of the valuation process and results;

•  Reviewed the Committee’s terms of reference 
to ensure it meets the needs of the Board.

Remuneration/ Nomination/ Management
Engagement/ Evaluation Committee
All independent non-executive directors are 
members of this Committee. William Vanderfelt 
is Chairman of the Committee. The Committee 
is responsible for overseeing that the Board is 
appropriately structured, the Directors adhere 
to their responsibilities and are appropriately 
remunerated, to nominate new Directors to the 
Board if required, and to evaluate the Fund’s 

policies of the Board and Committee 
members; 

•  Reviewed the terms of reference and 

composition of other Board committees;
•  Evaluated the performance of the Fund’s key 

third-party service providers; 

•  Reviewed and evaluated the Committee’s 

own performance, duties and responsibilities, 
and concluded that it and its members are 
effective. 

Investment and Board Committees
The Fund has two committees to consider and 
approve investment decisions; an Investment 
Committee (‘IC’) and the Independent Board 
Committee (‘IBC’). The former is a committee 
of the Manager, while the later is a Board 
Committee.

The IC met many times during the year to 
consider and approve projects that the 
Investment Manager considered suitable for 
investment or divestment by the Fund. The 
committee is comprised of individuals with 
financial and business backgrounds combined 
with extensive investment experience in Vietnam. 
Current committee members include Horst 
Geicke, Don Lam and Andy Ho. 

The IBC met when required to consider and 
approve investments of related listed investment 
funds, namely Vinaland Limited and Vietnam 
Infrastructure Limited.  Only the members of the 
IBC are allowed to interface with the third party 
brokers.  The IBC was established to minimise the 
role of non-independent individuals with access 
to unpublished price-sensitive information on 
the funds managed by the Investment Manager. 
Current committee members include William 
Vanderfelt, Martin Glynn, and Michael Gray. 

The Investment Manager
Under the investment management agreement 
the Fund has delegated to the Investment 
Manager overall responsibility for conducting the 
day-to-day management of the Fund’s investment 
portfolio including the acquisition, monitoring 
and disposal of assets in line with the strategy 
and framework set out by the Board. 

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  33

Governance report

During the year, the Investment Manager 
has enhanced its corporate governance and 
risk management frameworks, with specific 
improvements in respect to appointing 
independent directors to its Board, defining 
and communicating its values, expanding its 
system of internal controls and risk management 
processes, and greater transparency and quality 
of information when reporting to shareholders. 
The Investment Manager views itself a role model 
for governance and risk management practices 
within Vietnam, and more specifically for its 
broad portfolio of investee companies. These 
improvements have been undertaken to provide 
ongoing comfort to the Board that the Investment 
Manager is committed to protecting and 
enhancing shareholders’ interests and promoting 
good corporate governance in Vietnam. 

Internal Controls and Risk Management
The Audit Committee is responsible for 
overseeing the effectiveness of the internal 
control and risk management system. It primarily 
achieves this by assigning and monitoring risk 
management responsibilities of the Investment 
Manager and evaluating the results of the 
internal auditor. The Committee has ensured 
that the Investment Manager has implemented 
an adequate risk management system covering 
the identification of risks, implementation of 
controls, and monitoring and reporting of risks. 
The internal audit function has been outsourced 
to PriceWaterhouseCoopers Vietnam, to ensure 

that Investment Manager’s controls over the 
Fund’s major risks are adequate and effective. 

Code of Conduct and Compliance
All employees of the Investment Manager must 
adhere to the Code of Conduct set out in the 
Investment Manager’s Compliance manual. The 
Investment Manager has adopted a Code of 
Conduct based on the International Organisation 
of Securities Commissions (“IOSCO”) International 
Code of Business Principles 1990, which serves as 
a model reference for regulators in Vietnam. 

All staff are required to sign an annual compliance 
attestation confirming compliance with the Code 
of Conduct and Compliance manual, including 
their commitment to the fraud and whistleblower 
policies and procedures. Non-compliance will 
result in disciplinary action. 

Risk management system
The Audit Committee has reviewed the Investment 
Manager’s newly implemented Enterprise Risk 
Management (‘ERM’) framework. The ERM 
framework provides a structured approach to 
managing risk by establishing a risk management 
culture through education and training, formalised 
risk management procedures, defining roles and 
responsibilities in respect to managing risk, and 
establishing reporting mechanisms to monitor the 
effectiveness of the framework. 

Internal audit
The Board re-appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers 
Vietnam as the internal auditor for the fiscal 
year. The internal audit work was performed 
based on an internal audit plan agreed with 
the Audit Committee. The internal auditors 
have unrestricted access to the business. 
They performed detailed audits of the control 
environment, procedures, and internal controls 
in respect to the audit areas selected for review. 
The internal auditor presented its findings at each 
Audit Committee meeting. During the year, no 
serious control breaches were reported. 

External audit
The Fund’s external auditor for the 2011 fiscal 
year is Grant Thornton Cayman Islands with the 
assistance of Grant Thornton (Vietnam) Ltd. 
To ensure independence from the Investment 
Manager, the external auditor is selected and 
approved by the Board.  The Audit Committee 
considers whether any other engagements 
provided to the auditor will have an effect on, or 
perception of, compromising the external auditor’s 
independence. During the year, Grant Thornton 
Cayman Islands and Grant Thornton Vietnam did 
not provide any non-audit services to the Fund.

Sincerely,

William Vanderfelt
Chairman
VinaCapital

34   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Independent Auditor’s report

To the Shareholders of VinaCapital Vietnam 
Opportunity Fund Limited
We have audited the accompanying Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position of VinaCapital 
Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited and its 
subsidiaries (“the Group”) as of 30 June 2011, 
and the related Consolidated Statement of 
Changes in Equity, Consolidated Statements 
of Income and Comprehensive Income, and 
Consolidated of Statement of Cash Flows for 
the year then ended together with a summary 
of significant accounting policies and other 
explanatory notes from page 6 to 49. 

Management’s responsibility for the 
consolidated financial statements
Management is responsible for the preparation 
and fair presentation of these consolidated 
financial statements in accordance with the 
International Financial Reporting Standards. This 
responsibility includes designing, implementing 
and maintaining internal controls relevant to the 
preparation and fair presentation of consolidated 
financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; 

selecting and applying appropriate accounting 
policies; and making accounting estimates that 
are reasonable in the circumstances.

Auditors’ responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
these consolidated financial statements based on 
our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance 
with the International Standards on Auditing. 
Those standards require that we comply with 
ethical requirements and plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether 
the consolidated financial statements are free 
from material misstatement.

This report, including the opinion, has been 
prepared for and only for the shareholders. We 
do not, in giving this opinion, accept or assume 
responsibility for any other purpose or to any 
other person to whom this report is shown 
or into whose hands it may come save where 
expressly agreed by our prior written consent.

Basis of opinion
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain 
audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures 
in the consolidated financial statements. The 
procedures selected depend upon the auditor’s 
judgement, including the assessment of the risks 
of material misstatement of the consolidated 
financial statements, whether due to fraud or 

error. In making those risk assessments, the 
auditor considers internal controls relevant to 
the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of 
the consolidated financial statements in order 
to design audit procedures that are appropriate 
in the circumstances, but not for the purpose 
of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness 
of the entity’s internal control. An audit also 
includes evaluating the appropriateness of 
accounting policies used and the reasonableness 
of accounting estimates made by management, as 
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide 
a basis for our audit opinion. 

Opinion
In our opinion, the consolidated financial 
statements give a true and fair view of the 
financial position of VinaCapital Vietnam 
Opportunity Fund Limited and its subsidiaries as 
at 30 June 2011, and of its financial performance 
and its cash flows for the year then ended in 
accordance with the International Financial 
Reporting Standards.

GRANT THORNTON 
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands 
31 October 2011

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  35

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

Note

30 June 2011 

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

(Reclassified)

7

8

9

10

26

26

11

12

14

15

572

3,445

8,986

199,579

16,923

51,836

-

95

281,436

2,380

12,947

8,714

383,782

27

62,968

470,818

12,349

764,603

-

6,700

10,491

 194,688

6,916

47,718

1,170

104

267,787

2,437

11,564

6,045

455,526

428

50,033

526,033

-

793,820

ASSETS

Non-current 

Property, plant and equipment

Investment properties

Prepayments for acquisitions of investments

Investments in associates

Available for sale financial assets

Long-term loans receivable from related parties

Other long-term financial assets

Other assets

Non-current assets

Current 

Inventories

Receivables from related parties

Trade and other receivables

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Short-term investments

Cash and cash equivalents

Current assets

Assets classified as held for sale

TOTAL ASSETS

36   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

EQUITY

Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent:

Share capital

Additional paid-in capital

Revaluation reserve

Translation reserve

Retained earnings

Non-controlling interests

TOTAL EQUITY

LIABILITIES

Non-current 

Deferred tax liabilities

Other long-term liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Current 

Trade and other payables

Payables to related parties

Current liabilities

Liabilities classified as held for sale

TOTAL LIABILITES

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Net asset value per share attributable to equity shareholders of the company 
(USD per share)

Note

30 June 2011 

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

16

17

18

26

15

24

3,246

722,064

27,513

(4,834)

3,917

751,906

-

751,906

101

55

156

3,932

8,609

12,541

-

12,697

764,603

2.32

3,246

722,064

 21,193

(3,762)

 39,760 

 782,501

1,427

 783,928

101

-

101

4,089

5,702 

9,791

-

9,892

793,820

2.41

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  37

 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent

Share 
capital

Additional
paid-in 
capital

Revaluation 
reserve

Translation 
reserve

Retained 
earnings

Total 
attributable 
to owners of 
the parent

Non- 
controlling
interests

Total 
equity

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

3,246

722,064

25,958

(2,088)

(67,268)

 681,912 

13,676

695,588

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,578

(6,940)

(2,362) 

(2,362)

(2,403)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1,674)

-

-

(1,674)

(1,674)

-

-

-

-

(69)

(69)

(69)

(69)

402

402

333

333

 104,694

104,694 

 311 

 105,005

 (1,674)

(112)

(1,786)

-

-

-

-

4,578

(6,940)

 (4,036)

 104,694

100,658 

2,403

-

-

-

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

-

-

(112)

 199 

-

(7,978)

(4,741)

(131)

1,427

4,578

(6,940)

(4,148)

100,857 

-

(7,978)

(4,741)

(131)

783,928

1 July 2009

Acquisition of non-controlling interest in a subsidiary 

Transactions with owners

Profit for the year ended 
30 June 2010

Other comprehensive income

Currency translation

Share of associates’ revaluation losses recognised directly in other
comprehensive income (Note 9)

Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive 
income (Note 9)

Total other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income

Disposal of associate

Disposal of assets and liabilities held for sale

Redemption of non-controlling interest 

Dividend distribution to non-controlling shareholder

30 June 2010

3,246

722,064

21,193

(3,762)

39,760

782,501 

38   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent

Share 
capital

Additional
paid-in 
capital

Revaluation 
reserve

Translation 
reserve

Retained 
earnings

Total 
attributable 
to owners of 
the parent

Non- 
controlling
interests

Total 
equity

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

USD‘000

1 July 2010

3,346

722,064

21,193

(3,762)

39,760

782,501

Acquisition of non-controlling interest in a subsidiary

Transactions with owners

(Loss)/profit for the year ended 30 June 2011

Other comprehensive income

Currency translation

Share of associates’ revaluation losses recognised directly in
other comprehensive income (Note 9)

Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive 
income (Note 9)

Total other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income

Disposal of subsidiary

30 June 2011

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7,966

(1,646)

6,320

6,320

-

-

-

-

(1,072)

-

-

(1,072)

(1,072)

-

442

442

442

442

1,427

(1,056)

(1,056)

783,928

(614)

(614)

(36,285)

(36,285)

106

(36,179)

(1,072)

(30)

(1,102)

-

-

-

-

7,966

(1,646)

5,248

(36,285)

(31,037)

-

-

-

-

(30)

76

(447)

7,966

(1,646)

5,218

(30,961)

(447)

3,246

722,064

27,513

(4,834)

3,917

751,906

-

751,906

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  39

 
 
Consolidated Statement of Income

Notes

 Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

8,797

(7,059)

1,738

(52,520)

(20,155)

(301) 

6,946

(4,056)

(70,086)

(68,348)

21,461

(4,171)

15,424

32,714 

(35,634)

(342)

(203)

(36,179)

(36,285)

106

(36,179)

(0.11)

9,333

(7,673)

1,660

 96,895 

 (21,374)

(72)

2,633

(1,600)

 76,482

 78,142

14,475

 (2,668)

15,267

27,074

105,216

(211)

-

105,005

 104,694

311 

105,005

0.32

19

20

7

21

22

22

9

23

24

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Net changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Selling, general and administration expenses

Net losses from fair value adjustments of investment properties

Other income

Other expenses

Operating (loss)/profit

Finance income

Finance expenses

Share of profits of associates

(Loss)/profit before income tax 

Withholding taxes imposed on investment income

Corporate income tax

Net (loss)/profit 

Attributable to equity shareholders of the Company

Attributable to holders of non-controlling interest

(Losses)/Earnings per share – basic and diluted (USD per share)

40   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Net (loss)/profit

Other comprehensive income

Share in other comprehensive income of associates

Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income

Losses from exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

Other comprehensive income/(loss)

Total comprehensive (loss)/income 

Attributable to equity shareholders of the parent company

Attributable to holders of non-controlling interest

 Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

      (36,179)

105,005 

          7,966 

        (1,646)

        (1,102)

          5,218 

      (30,961)

      (31,037)

             76 

      (30,961)

4,578

(6,940)

 (1,786)

 (4,148)

100,857 

100,658 

 199 

100,857 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  41

 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

Note

 Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

(Reclassified)

19

19

7

21

9

22

22

22

22

 (35,634)

105,216

442 

355

74,691 

(61,064)

 (22,171)

(35,831)

- 

 301 

 (5,876)

 (15,424)

4,056

 656 

 460 

 (16,725)

 (4,142)

 (19,366)

(1,544)

 57 

2,510 

(342)

8

72

(1,035)

(15,267)

1,487

252

265

(9,938)

(3,825)

(19,305)

(4,334)

(366)

3,307

(211)

 (18,685)

(20,909)

Operating activities

(Loss)/profit before income tax 

Adjustments for:

Depreciation and amortisation

Unrealised net (gain)/loss from revaluation of
 financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Net gains from sale of financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss

Loss from disposal of property, plant and equipment

Losses on revaluation of investment properties

Gains from disposal of investment

Share of profits of associates

Impairment losses

Unrealised losses from foreign exchange differences

Interest expense

Dividend income

Interest income

Net losses before changes in working capital

Changes in trade receivables and other assets

Changes in inventories

Changes in trade payables and other liabilities

Withholding taxes imposed on investment income

Cash flow used in operating activities

42   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

Investing activities

Interest received

Dividends received

Acquisitions of investment property, plant, equipment 
and other non-current assets

Acquisitions of financial assets through profit or loss

Acquisitions of available for sale financial assets

Proceeds from disposals of financial assets 

Additional investments in associates

Proceeds from disposals of investments and property, plant, equipment

Proceeds from sales of short-term investments

Loans received from/ (provided to) associates, net

Cash flow from investing activities

Financing activities

Interest paid

Acquisition of non-controlling interest

Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interest

Capital distributions to holders of non-controlling interest

Cash flow used in financing activities

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

Exchange differences on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

Note

 Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

(Reclassified)

4,020 

15,142 

(162)

 (70,294)

 (7,112)

91,134 

 (7,038)

11,668 

 401 

 (5,200) 

32,559

(460)

(614)

-

-

(1,074)

12,800 

50,033 

135

62,968 

3,266

11,479

(345)

(124,643)

-

114,334

(17,650)

18,562

24

1,114

6,141

(2)

-

(131)

(4,782)

(4,915)

(19,683)

69,691

25

50,033

10

9

14

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  43

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1. General information

VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited 
(“the Company” or “VOF”) is a limited liability 
company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. The 
registered office of the Company is PO Box 309GT, 
Ugland House, South Church Street, George Town, 
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. The Company’s 
primary objective is to undertake various forms 
of investment primarily in Vietnam, and also in 
Cambodia, Laos and Southern China. The Company 
is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock 
Exchange under the ticker symbol VOF.

The Company does not have a fixed life but the 
Board considers it desirable that Shareholders 
should have the opportunity to review the future of 
the Company at appropriate intervals. Accordingly, 
the Board intends that a special resolution will 
be proposed every fifth year that the Company 
ceases to continue as presently constituted. If the 
resolution is not passed, the Company will continue 
to operate. If the resolution is passed, the Directors 
will be required to formulate proposals to be put to 
shareholders to reorganise, unitise or reconstruct 
the Company or for the Company to be wound up. 
The Board tabled such a special resolution in 2008 
and it was not passed, allowing the Company to 
continue as presently constituted. The next special 
resolution on the life of the Company will be held 
on or before 2013.

The consolidated financial statements for the 
year ended 30 June 2011 were authorised for 
issue by the Company’s Board of Directors on 31 
October 2011.

• 
• 

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements
IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign 
Exchange Rates and IAS 28 Investments in 
Associates

2. Statement of compliance with IFRS and 
adoption of new and amended standards 
and interpretations

2.1. Statement of compliance with IFRS
The consolidated financial statements of the 
Group have been prepared in accordance with 
the International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board (IASB).

2.2 Changes in accounting policies
2.2.1 Overall considerations
The Group has adopted the following new 
interpretations, revisions and amendments to IFRS 
issued by the International Accounting Standards 
Board, which are relevant to and effective for the 
Group’s consolidated financial statements for the 
annual period beginning on 1 July 2010:

• 

IFRIC 19 Extinguishing Financial Liabilities 
with Equity Instruments 
•  Annual Improvements 2009

• 

IAS 17 Leases

•  Annual Improvements 2010

• 
• 

IFRS 3 Business Combinations 
IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosure

Significant effects on current, prior or future 
periods arising from the first-time application 
of these new requirements in respect of 
presentation, recognition and measurement 
are described in notes 2.2.2. An overview of 
standards, amendments and interpretations to 
IFRS issued but not yet effective is given in note 
2.2.3.

2.2.2 Adoptions of revised and amended 
standards
Adoption of Annual Improvements 2009
The Improvements to IFRS 2009 made several 
minor amendments to IFRS. The only amendment 
relevant to the Group relates to IAS 17 Leases. IAS 
17 Leases is effective for periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2010. Prior to this amendment, 
IAS 17 generally required a lease of land to be 
classified as an operating lease. The amendment 
now requires that leases of land are classified as 
finance lease or operating lease by applying the 
general principles of IAS 17. 

44   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2. Statement of compliance with IFRS and 
adoption of new and amended standards 
and interpretations (continued)

The Group has reassessed the classification of the 
land elements of its unexpired leases as at 1 July 
2010 on the basis of information existing at the 
inception of those leases and has determined that 
none of its leases require reclassification.

Adoption of Annual Improvement 2010
The IASB has issued Improvements to IFRS 2010. 
Most of these amendments become effective in 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2010 
or 1 January 2011. The Group has applied the 
amendments to IFRS 3 Business Combinations, 
IFRS 7 Financial instruments: Disclosure, IAS 1 
Presentation of Financial Statements, IAS 21 The 
Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, and 
IAS 28 Investments in Associates to the current 
consolidated financial statements.

IFRS 3 Business Combinations is effective for 
the periods beginning on or after 1 July 2010. In 
respect of transition requirements for contingent 
consideration from a business combination that 
occurred before the effective date of the revised 
IFRS, the improvements clarify that contingent 
consideration balances arising from business 
combinations that occurred before an entity’s date 
of adoption of IFRS 3 (Revised 2008) shall not be 

adjusted on the adoption date. Guidance is also 
provided on the subsequent accounting for such 
contingent balances. In respect of measurement 
of non-controlling interests (“NCI”), the choice 
of measuring NCI either at fair value or at the 
proportionate share in the recognised amounts 
of an acquiree’s identifiable assets, is now limited 
to NCI that are present ownership instruments 
and entitle their holders to a proportionate 
share of the acquiree’s net assets in the event of 
liquidation. This clarifies that all other components 
of NCI shall be measured at their acquisition date 
fair values, unless another measurement basis 
is required by IFRS. The Group has applied IFRS 
3 Business Combinations prospectively to all 
business combinations from 1 July 2010.

IFRS 7 Financial instruments: Disclosure 
is effective for the periods beginning on 
or after 1 January 2011. This clarifies the 
disclosure requirement of the standards to 
remove inconsistencies, duplicative disclosure 
requirements and specific disclosures that may 
be misleading. The Group has made sufficient 
disclosure in compliance with IFRS 7 in the 
consolidated financial statements.

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements is 
effective for the periods beginning on or after 
1 January 2011. This clarifies that entities 
may present the required reconciliations for 

each component of other comprehensive 
income either in the Consolidated Statement 
of Changes in Equity or in the notes to financial 
statements. The Group has presented the 
required reconciliations for each component of 
other comprehensive income in the Consolidated 
Statement of Changes in Equity.

IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange 
Rates and IAS 28 Investments in Associates are 
effective for the periods beginning on or after 1 July 
2010. These amend the transition requirements to 
apply certain consequential amendments arising 
from the IAS 27 (2008) amendments prospectively, 
to be consistent with the related IAS 27 transition 
requirement. The adoptions have no impact on the 
consolidated financial statements.

2.2.3 Standards, amendments and interpretations 
to existing standards that are not yet effective and 
have not been adopted early by the Group
At the date of authorisation of these financial 
statements, certain new standards, amendments 
and interpretations to existing standards have 
been published but are not yet effective, and have 
not been adopted early by the Group. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  45

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2. Statement of compliance with IFRS and 
adoption of new and amended standards 
and interpretations (continued)

Further chapters dealing with impairment 
methodology and hedge accounting are still being 
developed. 

Management anticipates that all of the 
pronouncements will be adopted in the Group’s 
accounting policies for the first period beginning 
after the effective date of the pronouncement. 
Information on new standards, amendments 
and interpretations that are expected to be 
relevant to the Group’s financial statements is 
provided below. Certain other new standards 
and interpretations have been issued but are 
not expected to have a material impact on the 
Group’s financial statements.

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (effective from 1 
January 2013)
The IASB aims to replace IAS 39 Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement in 
its entirety. The replacement standard (IFRS 9) is 
being issued in phases. The chapters dealing with 
recognition, classification, measurement and 
derecognition of financial assets and liabilities 
have been issued. These chapters are effective 
for annual periods beginning 1 January 2015. 
IFRS 9 is the first part of Phase 1 of this project. 
The main phases are:

•  Phase 1: Classification and Measurement
•  Phase 2: Impairment methodology
•  Phase 3: Hedge accounting

Management have yet to assess the impact 
that this amendment is likely to have on the 
consolidated financial statements of the Group. 
However, they do not expect to implement the 
amendments until all chapters of IFRS 9 have 
been published and they can comprehensively 
assess the impact of all changes.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements 
(effective from 1 July 2013)
IFRS 10: “Consolidated Financial Statements” was 
issued by the IASB in May 2011 and replaces both 
the existing IAS 27: “Consolidated and Separate 
Financial Statements” and SIC 12: “Consolidation-
Special Purpose Entities”. The new standard 
revises the definition of control and related 
application guidance so that a single control 
model can be applied to all entities. This standard 
will apply to the Group from 1 July 2013 and is 
not expected to have a material impact on the 
Group’s financial statements. 

IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in other Entities 
(effective from 1 July 2013)
IFRS 12: “Disclosure of Interests in other Entities” 
was issued by the IASB in May 2011 and is a 
new and comprehensive standard on disclosure 
requirements for all forms on interests in other 

entities, including subsidiaries, joint arrangements, 
associates, special purpose vehicles and other off 
balance sheet vehicles. This standard is applicable 
from 1 July 2013 and management is currently 
assessing the impacts of the standard, which will 
be limited to disclosure impacts only. There have 
also been consequential amendments to IAS 28: 
“Investments in Associates” as a result of above 
new standard. These amendments are applicable 
from 1 July 2013.

Consequential amendments to IAS 27 and IAS 
28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures 
(IAS 28)
IAS 27 now only deals with separate financial 
statements. IAS 28 brings investments in joint 
ventures into its scope. However, IAS 28’s equity 
accounting methodology remains unchanged.

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurements (effective from 
1 July 2013)
IFRS 13: “Fair Value Measurements” was 
issued by the IASB in May 2011 and provides 
a precise definition of fair value, as a single 
source of fair value measurement and prescribes 
disclosure requirements for use across IFRS. 
The requirements do not extend the use of fair 
value accounting, but provide guidance on how 
it should be applied where its use is already 
required or permitted by other standards within 
IFRS. The standard will apply to the Group from 1 
July 2013 but is not expected to have a material 
impact on the Group’s financial statements.

46   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2. Statement of compliance with IFRS and 
adoption of new and amended standards 
and interpretations (continued)

Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial 
Statements (IAS 1 Amendments)
The IAS 1 Amendments require an entity to group 
items presented in other comprehensive income 
into those that, in accordance with other IFRSs: 
(a) will not be reclassified subsequently to profit 
or loss and (b) will be reclassified subsequently 
to profit or loss when specific conditions are met. 
It is applicable for annual periods beginning on 
or after 1 July 2012. The Group’s management 
expects this will change the current presentation 
of items in other comprehensive income; 
however, it will not affect the measurement of 
recognition of such items.

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

3.1 Presentation of consolidated financial 
statements 
The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in United States Dollars (USD) and 
all values are rounded to the nearest thousand 
(’000) unless otherwise indicated.

The significant accounting policies that have been 
used in the preparation of these consolidated 
financial statements are summarised below. 
These policies have been consistently applied to 

all the years presented unless otherwise stated.

The consolidated financial statements have been 
prepared using the historical cost convention, 
as modified by the revaluation of investment 
property, leasehold land and certain financial 
assets and financial liabilities, the measurement 
bases of which are described in the accounting 
policies below. 

The preparation of consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS requires 
the use of certain accounting estimates and 
assumptions. Although these estimates are 
based on management’s best knowledge of 
current events and actions, actual results may 
ultimately differ from those estimates. The 
areas involving a higher degree of judgement 
or complexity, or areas where assumptions and 
estimates are significant to the consolidated 
financial statements are disclosed in Note 4 to the 
consolidated financial statements.

3.2 Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements of the 
Group for the year ended 30 June 2011 comprise 
the Company and its subsidiaries (together 
referred to as the “Group”) and the Group’s 
interests in associates. 

3.3 Subsidiaries
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the 
Group has the power to control the financial and 
operating policies so as to obtain benefits from 
their activities. In assessing control, potential 
voting rights that presently are exercisable, along 
with contractual arrangements, are taken into 
account. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from 
the date on which control is transferred to the 
Group. They are excluded from consolidation 
from the date that the control ceases. The 
majority of the Group’s subsidiaries have a 
reporting date of 30 June. For those subsidiaries 
with a different reporting date, the Group 
consolidate management information which is 
subject to audit for the period to 30 June.

In addition, acquired subsidiaries are subject to 
application of the purchase method. This involves 
the revaluation at fair value of all identifiable 
assets and liabilities, at the acquisition date, 
regardless of whether or not they were recorded 
in the financial statements of the subsidiary prior 
to acquisition. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  47

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

Some changes in the fair value of contingent 
consideration that the Group recognises after 
the acquisition date may be the result of 
additional information that the Group obtained 
after that date about facts and circumstances 
that existed at the acquisition date, where the 
changes in fair value of contingent consideration 
are not measurement period adjustments, 
contingent consideration classified as equity 
is not re-measured, contingent consideration 
classified as an asset or a liability which is a 
financial instrument within the scope of IAS 39 
is measured at fair value with gains and losses 
recognised either in Statement of Income or 
in other comprehensive income according to 
the requirements of IAS 39 and contingent 
consideration classified as an asset or a liability 
outside the scope of IAS 39 is accounted for 
in accordance with IAS 37 or other IFRSs as 
appropriate.

IRRS 3 (Revised 2010) clarifies that contingent 
consideration balances arising from business 
combinations whose acquisition dates prior to 1 
July 2010 shall not be adjusted retrospectively. 
If a business combination provides for an 
adjustment to the cost of the combination 
contingent on future events, the Group shall 

include the amount of that adjustment in the 
cost of the combination at the acquisition date if 
the adjustment is probable and can be measured 
reliably. There were no contingent consideration 
during the year.

On initial recognition, the assets and liabilities 
of the acquired subsidiary are included in the 
consolidated statement of financial position at 
their fair value amounts, which are also used 
as the basis for subsequent measurement in 
accordance with the Group’s accounting policies. 
Goodwill represents the excess of acquisition 
cost over the fair value of the Group’s share 
of the identifiable net assets of the acquired 
subsidiary at the date of acquisition. Gain on 
bargain purchase is immediately allocated to the 
Statement of Income as at the acquisition date. 
All acquisition related costs are expensed in the 
period in which the costs are incurred and not 
included in the cost of investment.

All inter-company balances and significant inter-
company transactions and resulting unrealised 
profits or losses (unless losses provide evidence 
of impairment) are eliminated on consolidation.

48   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

A non-controlling interest represents the 
portion of the Statement of Income and net 
assets of a subsidiary attributable to an equity 
interest that is not owned by the Group. For 
each business combination, the acquirer shall 
measure at the acquisition date components of 
non-controlling interests in the acquiree that are 
present ownership interest in the acquiree and 
currently entitle their holders to a proportionate 
share of the entity’s net assets in the event of 
liquidation either at fair value or at the present 
ownership instruments’ proportionate share 
in the recognised amounts of the acquiree’s 
identifiable net assets. Non-controlling interest is 
based upon the non-controlling interest’s share 
of post-acquisition fair values of the subsidiary’s 
identifiable assets and liabilities. All other 
components of non-controlling interests shall be 
measured at their acquisition-date fair values, 
unless another measurement basis is required 
by other standards. Profit or loss and each 
component of other comprehensive income are 
attributed to the owners of the parent and to the 
non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive 
income is attributed to the owners of the parent 
and to the non-controlling interests even if this 
results in the non-controlling interests having a 
deficit balance.

Changes in ownership of interests in a subsidiary 
that do not result in gaining or losing control 
of the subsidiary are accounted for as equity 
transactions whereby the difference between the 
consideration paid and the proportionate change 
in the parent entity’s interest in the carrying 
value of the subsidiary’s net assets is recorded 
in equity and attributable to the owners. No 
adjustment is made to the carrying value of 
the subsidiary’s net assets as reported in the 
consolidated financial statements.

Where the business combination is achieved in 
stages, the Group shall re-measure its previously 
held equity interest in the acquiree at its 
acquisition-date fair value and recognise the 
resulting gain or loss, if any, in profit or loss or 
other comprehensive income, as appropriate.

In prior reporting periods, the Group may have 
recognised changes in the value of its equity 
interest in the acquiree in other comprehensive 
income. If so, the amount that was recognised in 
other comprehensive income shall be recognised 
on the same basis as would be required if the 
Group had disposed directly of the previously 
held equity interest. 

3.4 Associates
Associates are those entities over which the 
Group is able to exert significant influence, 

generally accompanying a shareholding of 
between 20% and 50% of voting rights, but 
which are neither subsidiaries nor investments 
in joint ventures. In the consolidated financial 
statements, investments in associates are initially 
recorded at cost and subsequently accounted for 
using the equity method.

Under the equity method, the Group’s interest 
in an associate is initially carried at cost and the 
carrying amount is increased or decreased to 
recognise the Group’s share of the profit or loss of 
the associates after the date of acquisition and any 
changes in the associates’ other comprehensive 
income less any identified impairment loss, unless 
it is classified as held for sale or included in a 
disposal group that is classified as held for sale. 
The Consolidated Statement of Income includes 
the Group’s share of the post-acquisition, post-
tax results of the associate entities for the year, 
including any impairment loss on goodwill relating 
to the investments in the associate recognised for 
the year. 

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  49

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

All subsequent changes to the Group’s share 
of interest in the equity of an associate are 
recognised in the carrying amount of the 
investment. Changes resulting from the profit 
or loss generated by the associate are reported 
within “Share of profits/(losses) of associates” 
in the Consolidated Statement of Income. These 
changes include subsequent depreciation, 
amortisation or impairment of the fair value 
adjustments of assets and liabilities. 

Adjustments to the carrying value of an associate 
are necessary for changes in the associate’s 
other comprehensive income that have not been 
recognised in their Consolidated Statement of 
Income, primarily those arising on the revaluation 
of plant, property and equipment. The Group’s 
share of this change is recognised directly in the 
Statement of Comprehensive Income.

When the Group’s share of losses in an associate 
equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, the 
Group does not recognise further losses, unless 
it has legal or constructive obligations, or made 
payments, on behalf of the associate.

Any excess of the cost of acquisition over 
the Group’s share of the net fair value of the 
identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent 

liabilities of an associate recognised at the date 
of acquisition is recognised as goodwill. Gain 
on bargain purchase is immediately allocated 
to the Consolidated Statement of Income as at 
the acquisition date. The cost of acquisition is 
measured at the aggregate of the fair values, at 
the date of exchange, of assets given, liabilities 
incurred or assumed, and equity instruments 
issued by the Group.

Goodwill is included within the carrying amount 
of an investment and is assessed for impairment 
as part of the investment. After the application 
of the equity method, the Group determines 
whether it is necessary to recognise an additional 
impairment loss on the Group’s investments in 
its associates. At each reporting date, the Group 
determines whether there is any objective 
evidence that an investment in an associate is 
impaired. If such indications are identified, the 
Group calculates the amount of impairment as 
being the difference between the recoverable 
amount of the associate and its respective 
carrying amount.

Unrealised gains on transactions between the 
Group and its associates are eliminated to the 
extent of the Group’s interest in an associate. 
Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the 
transaction provides evidence of an impairment 
of the asset transferred.

3.5 Functional and presentation currency
The Group’s consolidated financial statements 
are presented in United States Dollars (USD) 
(“the presentation currency”). The financial 
statements of each consolidated entity are initially 
prepared in the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which the entity operates (“the 
functional currency”), which for most investments 
is Vietnam Dong. The financial statements 
prepared using Vietnamese Dong are then 
translated into the presentation currency of USD. 
USD is used as the presentation currency because 
it is the primary basis for the measurement of the 
performance of the Group (specifically changes 
in the Net Asset Value of the Group) and a large 
proportion of significant transactions of the Group 
are denominated in USD. 

3.6 Foreign currency translation
In the separate financial statements of the 
consolidated entities, transactions arising in 
currencies other than the functional currency of 
the individual entity are translated at exchange 
rates in effect on the transaction dates. Monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in currencies 
other than the functional currency of the 
individual entity are translated at the exchange 
rates in effect at the reporting date. Translation 
gains and losses and expenses relating to foreign 
exchange transactions are recorded in the 
Consolidated Statement of Income.

50   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

reliably, and when the criteria for each of the 
Group’s activity has been met.

Non-monetary items measured at historical cost 
are translated using the exchange rates at the 
date of the transaction. Non-monetary items 
measured at fair value are translated using the 
exchange rates at the date when fair value was 
determined.

In the Group’s consolidated financial statements 
all separate financial statements of subsidiaries, if 
originally presented in a currency different from 
the Group’s presentation currency, are converted 
into USD. Assets and liabilities are translated into 
USD at the closing rate of the reporting date. 
Income and expenses are converted into the 
Group’s presentation currency at the average rates 
over the reporting period where these rates are 
approximate the exchange rates at the dates of the 
transactions or at the exchange rates at the dates 
of the transactions where such rates fluctuate 
significantly. Any differences arising from this 
translation are charged to the currency translation 
reserve in other comprehensive income.

3.7 Revenue recognition
Revenue comprises revenue from the sale of 
goods of the Group’s subsidiary. Revenue is 
recognised when the amount of revenue can 
be measured reliably, collection is probable, the 
costs incurred or to be incurred can be measured 

Sale of goods 
Revenue from sale of goods is recognised in 
the Consolidated Statement of Income when 
the significant risks and rewards of ownership 
of goods have passed to the buyer. Revenue 
is measured by reference to the fair value of 
consideration received or receivable by the 
Group for goods supplied, excluding sales taxes, 
rebates, and trade discounts.

Interest income
Interest income is recognised on the effective 
interest rate basis.

Dividend income
Dividend income, other than those from 
investments in associates, is recorded when 
the Group’s right to receive the dividend is 
established.

3.8 Expense recognition
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs, comprising interest and related 
costs, are recognised as an expense in the 
period in which they are incurred, except for 
borrowing costs relating to qualifying assets that 
need a substantial period of time to get ready 
for their intended use or sale to the extent that 
they are directly attributable to the acquisition, 

production or construction of such assets.

Operating lease payments
Payments made under operating leases are 
recognised in the Consolidated Statement of 
Income on a straight-line basis over the term of 
the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised 
in the Consolidated Statement of Income as an 
integral part of the total lease expense.

3.9 Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of 
acquisition of subsidiary companies and associates 
over the Group’s share of the fair value of their 
identifiable net assets at the date of acquisition.

Goodwill is recognised at cost less any 
accumulated impairment losses. The carrying 
value of goodwill is subject to an annual 
impairment review and whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that it may 
not be recoverable. An impairment charge will 
be recognised in the Consolidated Statement 
of Income when the results of such a review 
indicate that the carrying value of goodwill is 
impaired (see accounting policy 3.15).

Gains and losses on disposal of an entity include 
the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the 
entity disposed of.

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  51

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

3.10 Investment properties
Investment properties are properties owned 
or held under finance leases to earn rentals or 
capital appreciation, or both, or land held for 
a currently undetermined use. Property held 
under operating leases (including leasehold land) 
that would otherwise meet the definition of 
investment property is classified as investment 
property on a property by property basis. If a 
leased property does not meet this definition it is 
recorded as an operating lease. 

Property under construction or development for 
future use as investment property is treated as 
investment property and is measured at fair value 
where the fair value of the investment property 
under construction or development for future 
use can be reliably determined.

Investment properties are stated at fair value. At 
the end of each quarter of the financial year, the 
fair values of a selection of investment properties 
are assessed by the Valuation Committee such 
that the fair values of all investment properties 
are assessed at least once each financial year. 
At the date of assessment, two independent 
valuation companies with appropriately 
recognised professional qualifications and recent 

experience in the location and category being 
valued undertake a valuation of every property. 
The fair value is estimated by the independent 
valuation companies assuming there is an 
agreement between a willing buyer and a willing 
seller in an arm’s length transaction after proper 
marketing; wherein the parties have each 
acted knowledgeably, prudently and without 
compulsion. The valuations by the independent 
valuation companies are prepared based upon 
direct comparison with sales of other similar 
properties in the area and the expected future 
discounted cash flows of a property using a 
yield that reflects the risks inherent therein. 
The estimated fair values provided by the 
independent valuation companies are used by 
the Valuation Committee as the primary basis for 
estimating each property’s fair value.  In addition 
to the reports of the independent valuation 
companies the Valuation Committee considers 
information from other sources, including 
those sources referred to in Note 4, before 
recommending each property’s estimated fair 
value to the Board for approval. Discount rates 
from 13% to 20% are considered appropriate for 
properties in different locations. Gains and losses 
from changes in fair value are recognised in the 
Consolidated Statement of Income.

Leases
Leases under the terms of which the Group 
assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of 
ownership are classified as finance leases. 

Leases which do not transfer substantially 
all the risks and rewards of ownership to the 
Group are classified as operating leases, unless 
they are treated as investment properties (see 
accounting policy 3.10). Where the Group has the 
use of an asset held under an operating lease, 
payments made under the lease are charged 
to the Consolidated Statement of Income on a 
straight line basis over the term of the lease. 
Prepayments for operating leases represent 
property held under operating leases where a 
portion, or all, of the lease payments have been 
paid in advance, and the properties cannot be 
classified as an investment property.

3.11 Financial assets
Financial assets are divided into the following 
categories: loans and receivables, financial assets 
at fair value through profit or loss, and available 
for sale financial assets.

52   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

Management determines the classification of its 
financial assets at initial recognition depending 
on the purpose for which the financial assets 
were acquired. Where allowed and appropriate 
management reclassifies its financial assets at 
each reporting date. The designation of financial 
assets is based on the investment strategy set 
out in the Group’s Admission Document to the 
Alternative Investment Market of the London 
Stock Exchange dated 24 September 2003.

All financial assets are recognised when, and 
only when, the Group becomes a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument. 

De-recognition of financial assets occurs 
when the rights to receive cash flows from 
the investments expires or are transferred 
and substantially all of the risks and rewards 
of ownership have been transferred. At each 
reporting date, financial assets are reviewed 
to assess whether there is objective evidence 
of impairment. If any such evidence exists, any 
impairment loss is determined and recognised 
based on the classification of the financial assets.

The Group’s financial assets consist primarily of 
listed and unlisted equities, bonds, loans and 
receivables, available-for-sale and prepayments 
for acquisitions of investments. 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or 
loss
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
include financial assets that are either classified 
as held for trading or are designated by the entity 
to be carried at fair value through profit or loss 
upon initial recognition. Other financial assets at 
fair value through profit or loss held by the Group 
include listed and unlisted securities, bonds and 
trustee loans. 

Purchase or sale of financial assets is recognised 
using trade date accounting. The trade date is the 
date that an entity commits itself to purchase or 
sell an asset.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
include trustee loans to banks and other parties 
where the Group receives interest and other 
income on the loans calculated based on the 
proceeds from the sales of specific assets held 
by the counterparties. Fair value is determined 
based on the expected future discounted cash 
flows from each loan. 

Net changes in fair value of financial assets at 
fair value through profit or loss includes net 
unrealised gains in fair value of financial assets 
and net gains from realisation of financial assets 
during the year.

Loans and receivables
All loans and receivables, except trustee loans 
classified as financial assets at fair value through 
profit or loss, are non-derivative financial assets 
with fixed or determinable pay¬ments that are 
not quoted in an active market. After initial 
recognition these are measured at amortised cost 
using the effective interest method, less provision 
for impairment. Any change in their value is 
recognised in the Consolidated Statement of 
Income. 

Discounting, however, is omitted where the effect 
of discounting is immaterial. The Group’s cash and 
cash equivalents, trade and most other receivables 
fall into this category of financial instruments. 

Significant receivables are considered for 
impairment when they are overdue or when 
other objective evidence is received that a 
specific counterparty will default. Receivables 
that are not considered to be individually 
impaired are reviewed for impairment in groups, 
which are determined by reference to the 
industry and other available features of shared 
credit risk characteristics. The percentage of the 
write-down is then based on recent historical 
counterparty default rates for each identified 
group. Impairment of trade and other receivables 
are presented within “other expenses”.

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  53

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued) 

Available-for-sale financial assets 
Available-for-sale financial assets are non-
derivative financial assets that are either 
designed as available for sale or are not classified 
as (a) loans and receivables, (b) held-to-maturity 
investments or (c) financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss. The Group’s available-for-
sale financial assets are investments in private 
entities. 

After initial recognition, available-for-sale financial 
assets are measured at fair values. Gains and 
losses are recognised in other comprehensive 
income and reported within the available-for-sale 
reserve within equity, except for impairment losses 
and foreign exchange differences on monetary 
assets, which are recognised in profit or loss. If the 
investments do not have a quoted market price 
in an active market and whose fair value cannot 
be reliably measured, such investments shall be 
measured at cost, less provision for impairment. 
When the asset is disposed of or is determined to 
be impaired the cumulative gain or loss recognised 
in other comprehensive income is reclassified 
from the equity reserve to profit or loss and 
presented as a reclassification adjustment within 
other comprehensive income. Impairment losses 
recognised in profit and loss for an investment in 

an equity instrument classified as available-for-
sale shall not be reversed through profit or loss. 
Interest calculated using the effective interest 
method and dividends are recognised in profit or 
loss within ‘finance income’. 

3.12 Prepayments for acquisitions of 
investments
These represent prepayments made by the 
Group to investment/property vendors for 
land compensation and other related costs, 
and professional fees directly attributed to 
the projects, where the final transfer of the 
investment/property is pending the approval 
of the relevant authorities and/or is subject to 
either the Group or the vendor completing certain 
performance conditions set out in agreements. 
Such prepayments are measured initially at 
cost until such time as the approval is obtained 
or conditions are met, at which point they are 
transferred to appropriate investment accounts.

3.13 Financial liabilities
The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and 
other payables, borrowings and other liabilities.

Financial liabilities are recognised when the 
Group becomes a party to the contractual 
agreements of the instrument. All interest related 
charges are recognised as an expense in finance 
costs in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

Trade payables are recognised initially at their fair 
value and subsequently measured at amortised 
cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Borrowings are raised for support of long-term 
funding of the Group’s investments and are 
recognised at fair value plus direct transaction 
costs on initial recognition and thereafter at 
amortised cost under the effective interest rate 
method. 

A financial liability is derecognised when the 
obligation under the liability is discharged or 
cancelled or expires.

3.14 Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and 
net realisable value. Cost includes all expenses 
directly attributable to the manufacturing process 
as well as suitable portions of related production 
overheads, based on normal operating capacity. 
Financing costs are not taken into consideration. 

Costs of ordinarily interchangeable items are 
assigned using the first in, first out cost formula. 
Net realisable value is the estimated selling 
price in the ordinary course of business less any 
applicable selling expenses.

54   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

3.15 Impairment of assets
The Group’s goodwill, available-for-sale financial 
assets, trade and other receivables, prepayments 
for acquisitions of investments, investment 
properties, and interests in associates are subject 
to impairment testing.

For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets 
are grouped at the lowest levels for which there 
are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-
generating units). As a result, some assets are 
tested individually for impairment and some are 
tested at a cash-generating unit level. Goodwill 
in particular is allocated to those cash-generating 
units that are expected to benefit from synergies 
of the related business combination and 
represent the lowest level within the Group at 
which management controls the related cash 
flows.

Goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite 
life are tested for impairment annually, while 
other assets are tested when there is an indicator 
of impairment.

An impairment loss is recognised as an expense 
immediately for the amount by which the asset’s 
carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount 
unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued 

amount under the Group’s accounting policy, 
in which case the impairment loss is treated as 
a revaluation decrease, but only to the extent 
of the revaluation surplus for that same asset 
according to that policy. The recoverable amount 
is the higher of fair value, reflecting market 
conditions less costs to sell, and value in use. 
In assessing value in use, the estimated future 
cash flows are discounted to their present value 
using a pre-tax discount rate at the financial 
asset’s original effective interest rate that reflects 
current market assessments of the time value of 
money and the risks specific to the assets. 

3.16 Taxation
Income tax
Current income tax assets and/or liabilities 
comprise those obligations to, or claims from, 
fiscal authorities relating to the current or prior 
reporting periods that are unpaid at the reporting 
date. They are calculated according to the tax 
rates and tax laws applicable to the fiscal periods 
to which they relate based on the taxable profit 
for the year. Current tax and deferred tax shall be 
charged or credited directly to equity if the tax 
relates to items that are credited or charged, in 
the same or a different period, directly to equity 
and if the tax relates to items recognised in other 
comprehensive income, it is recognised in other 
comprehensive income. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the 
liability method on temporary differences. This 
involves the comparison of the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities in the consolidated 
financial statements with their respective tax 
bases. In addition, tax losses available to be 
carried forward as well as other income tax 
credits to the Group are assessed for recognition 
as deferred tax assets. 

However, deferred tax is not provided on the 
initial recognition of goodwill, or on the initial 
recognition of an asset or liability unless the 
related transaction is business combination or 
affects tax or accounting profit. Deferred tax on 
temporary differences associated with shares 
in subsidiaries and associates is not provided if 
reversal of these temporary differences can be 
controlled by the Group and it is probable that 
reversal will not occur in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for 
in full. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent that it is probable that they will be able to 
be offset against future taxable income. However, 
the deferred income tax is not accounted for if 
it arises from initial recognition of an asset or 
liability is a transaction other than a business 
combination that at the time of the transaction 
affects neither accounting profit or less, nor 
taxable profit or less.

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  55

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated, 
without discounting, at tax rates that are 
expected to apply to their respective period 
of realisation, provided they are enacted or 
substantively enacted at the reporting date. 
Most changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities 
are recognised as a component of tax expense 
in the Consolidated Statement of Income. Only 
changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities that 
relate to a change in value of assets or liabilities 
that is charged directly to other comprehensive 
income are charged or credited directly to other 
comprehensive income.

Current tax and deferred tax that relates to items 
recognised in other comprehensive income is 
recognised in other comprehensive income, and 
current tax and deferred tax that relates to items 
recognised directly in equity is recognised directly 
in equity.

Withholding taxes imposed on investment 
income
The Group currently incurs withholding taxes 
imposed by local jurisdictions on investment 
income. Such income is recorded gross of 
withholding taxes in the Consolidated Statement 
of Income. 

3.17 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in banks 
and on hand as well as short term highly liquid 
investments such as money market instruments 
and bank deposits with original maturity terms of 
not more than three months. 

3.18 Non-current assets and liabilities 
classified as held for sale
When the Group intends to sell a non-current 
asset or a group of assets (a disposal group), 
and if the carrying amount will principally be 
recovered through sale, they are available for 
immediate sale in their present condition subject 
only to terms that are usual and customary for 
sale of such assets and sale is highly probable at 
the reporting date, the assets are classified as 
“held for sale” and presented separately in the 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position in 
accordance to IFRS 5 “Non-current assets held for 
sale and discontinued operations”. 

Liabilities are classified as “held for sale” and 
presented as such in the Consolidated Statement 
of Financial Position if they are directly associated 
with a disposal group. 

Assets classified as “held for sale” are measured at 
the lower of their carrying amounts immediately 
prior to their classification as held for sale and 
their fair values less costs to sell. However, some 
“held for sale” assets such as financial assets or 

deferred tax assets, continue to be measured in 
accordance with the Group’s accounting policy 
for those assets. No assets classified as “held for 
sale” are subject to depreciation or amortisation, 
subsequent to their classification as “held for sale”. 

3.19 Equity
Share capital is determined using the nominal 
value of shares that have been issued. Additional 
paid-in capital includes any premiums received 
on the initial issuance of the share capital. Any 
transaction costs associated with the issuing 
of shares are deducted from additional paid-in 
capital, net of any related income tax benefits.

Revaluation reserve represents the surplus arising 
on the revaluation of the Group associates’ 
property, plant and equipment. 

Currency translation differences on net 
investments in foreign operations are included in 
the translation reserve.

Retained earnings include all current and prior 
period results of operations as disclosed in the 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.

Changes in ownership interests in a subsidiary that 
do not result in gaining or losing control of the 
subsidiary are accounted for as equity transactions 
and are recorded in other reserve in Equity.

56   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

3.20 Provisions, contingent liabilities and 
contingent assets
Provisions are recognised when present 
obligations are likely to lead to an outflow of 
economic resources from the Group that can be 
reliably estimated. A present obligation arises 
from the presence of a legal or constructive 
obligation that has resulted from past events. 
Provisions are not re¬cognised for future 
operating losses.

Provisions are measured at the estimated 
expenditure required to settle the present 
obligation, based on the most reliable evidence 
available at the reporting date, including the risks 
and uncertainties associated with the present 
obligation and there is uncertainty about the 
timing or amount of the future expenditure 
require in settlement. Where there are a 
num¬ber of similar obligations, the likelihood 
that an outflow will be required in settlement 
is determined by considering the class of 
obligations as a whole. Long-term pro¬vi¬sions 
are discounted to their present values, where the 
time value of money is material. 

All provisions are reviewed at each reporting date 
and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate 
of the Group’s management.

The Group does not recognise a contingent 
liability but discloses its existence in the 
financial statements. A contingent liability 
is a possible obligation that arises from past 
events whose existence will be confirmed by 
uncertain future events beyond the control of 
the Group or a present obligation that is not 
recognised because it is not probable that an 
outflow of resources will be required to settle 
the obligation. A contingent liability also arises 
in the rare circumstance where there is a liability 
that cannot be recognised because it cannot be 
measured reliably.

A contingent asset is a possible asset that 
arises from past events, that’s existence will be 
confirmed by uncertain future events beyond 
the control of the Group. The Group does not 
recognise contingent assets but discloses their 
existence when inflows of economic benefits are 
probable, but not certain.

3.21 Related parties
Parties are considered to be related if one 
party has the ability to control the other party 
or exercise significant influence over the 
other party in making financial or operational 
decisions. Parties are considered to be related to 
the Group if:

1. 

directly or indirectly, a party controls, is 
controlled by, or is under common control 

with the Group; has an interest in the Group 
that gives it significant influence over the 
Group; or has joint control over the Group; 
a party is a jointly-controlled entity;
a party is an associate; 
a party is a member of the key management 
personnel of the Group; or
a party is a close family member of the 
above categories.

2. 
3. 
4. 

5. 

3.22 Segment analysis
An operating segment is a component of the
Group:

1. 

that engages in investment activities from 
which it may earn revenues and incur 
expenses;

2.  whose operating results are based on 

internal management reporting information 
that is regularly reviewed by the Investment 
Manager to make decisions about resources 
to be allocated to the segment and assess 
its performance; and 
for which discrete financial information is 
available.

3. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  57

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Summary of significant accounting 
policies (continued)

3.23 Earnings per share and net asset value 
per share 
The Group presents basic earnings per share 
(“EPS”) for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS 
is calculated by dividing the profit or loss 
attributable to the ordinary shareholders by the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares 
outstanding during the year. 

Diluted earnings per share is calculated by 
adjusting the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares outstanding to assume conversion 
of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

Net asset value (“NAV”) per share is calculated 
by dividing the net asset value attributable to 
ordinary shareholders of the Company by the 
number of outstanding ordinary shares as at the 
reporting date. NAV is determined as total assets 
less total liabilities and non-controlling interests. 

4. Critical accounting estimates and 
judgements

When preparing the consolidated financial 
statements, management undertakes a number 
of judgements, estimates and assumptions 
about recognition and measurement of assets, 
liabilities, income and expenses. The actual 

results may differ from the judgements, 
estimates and assumptions made by the 
Company’s management, and may not equal the 
estimated results. Information about significant 
judgements, estimates and assumptions that 
have the most significant effect on recognition 
and measurement of assets, liabilities, income 
and expenses are discussed below.

Fair value of available for sale financial assets
The fair value of investments in private equities 
is determined by using valuation techniques. The 
Group uses its judgement to select a variety of 
methods and make assumptions that are mainly 
based on market conditions existing at each 
reporting date. The outcomes may vary from the 
actual prices that would be achieved in an arm’s 
length transaction at the reporting date.

Fair value of investment properties 
The investment properties of the Group and its 
undertakings and its associates are stated at 
fair value in accordance with accounting policy 
3.10. The fair values of investment properties, 
leasehold land and buildings are based on 
valuations by independent professional valuers 
including: CB Richard Ellis, Savills, Jones Lang 
LaSalle, Colliers, Sallmanns and HVS. These 
valuations are based on certain assumptions, 
which are subject to uncertainty and might 
materially differ from the actual results. 

The estimated fair values provided by the 
independent valuation companies are used by 
the Valuation Committee as the primary basis 
for estimating each property’s fair value for 
recommendation to the Board.  In making its 
judgement, the Valuation Committee considers 
information from a variety of sources, including:

(i) 

(ii) 

current prices in an active market for 
properties of different nature, condition 
or location (or subject to different lease or 
other contracts), adjusted to reflect those 
differences;
recent prices of similar properties in less 
active markets, with adjustments to reflect 
any changes in economic conditions since 
the date of the transactions that occurred at 
those prices;

(iii)   recent developments and changes in laws 

and regulations that might affect zoning 
and/or the Group’s ability to exercise its 
rights in respect to properties and therefore 
fully realise the estimated values of such 
properties; and

58   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Critical accounting estimates and 
judgements (continued)

(iv)  discounted cash flow projections based 
on reliable estimates of future cash 
flows, derived from the terms of external 
evidence such as current market rents and 
sales prices for similar properties in the 
same location and condition, and using 
discount rates that reflect current market 
assessments of the uncertainty in the 
amount and timing of the cash flows.

Fair value of financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss
Listed securities are quoted at the bid price at 
each reporting date. For unlisted securities which 
are traded in an active market, the fair value is 
the average quoted bid price obtained from a 
minimum sample of three reputable securities 
companies at the reporting date.

The fair value of financial assets that are not 
traded in an active market (for example, unlisted 
securities where market prices are not readily 
available) is determined by using valuation 
techniques. The Group uses its judgement 
to select a variety of methods and make 
assumptions that are mainly based on market 
conditions existing at each reporting date. 
Independent valuations are also obtained from 
appropriately qualified independent valuation 

firms to evaluate and adjust valuations. The 
outcomes may vary from the actual prices that 
would be achieved in an arm’s length transaction 
at the reporting date (see Note 29). 

management uses estimates about future 
cash flows and discount rates or independent 
valuation for investment properties and property, 
plant and equipment.

Impairment 
Other assets
The Group’s goodwill, prepayments for acquisitions 
of investments, other assets and interests in 
associates are subject to impairment testing in 
accordance with the accounting policy 3.15.

Trade and other receivables
The Group’s management determines the 
provision for impairment of trade and other 
receivables on a regular basis. This estimate is 
based on the credit history of its customers and 
prevailing market conditions.

Impairment of available-for-sale financial assets
Whenever there is an indication of impairment of 
an available-for-sale financial asset, the Valuation 
Committee and Group’s management will assess 
the need for an impairment adjustment. The 
estimation of impairment adjustments is based 
on the same principles used to adjust the periodic 
independent valuations as mentioned above.

Business combinations 
On initial recognition, the assets and liabilities 
of the acquired business are included in the 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
at their fair values. In measuring fair value 

5. Segment analysis

In identifying its operating segments, 
management generally follows the Group’s 
sectors of investment which are based on 
internal management reporting information 
for the Investment Manager’s management, 
monitoring of investments and decision making. 
The operating segment by investment portfolio 
include capital markets, real estate (real estate 
and hospitality), private equity and cash 
(including cash and cash equivalents, corporate 
bonds, and short-term deposits) sectors. 

Each of the operating segments are managed 
and monitored individually by the Investment 
Manager as each requires different resources 
and approaches. The Investment Manager 
assesses segment profit or loss using a measure 
of operating profit or loss from the investment 
assets. Although IFRS 8 requires measurement of 
segmental profit or loss the majority of expenses 
are common to all segments therefore cannot 
be individually allocated. There have been no 
changes from prior periods in the measurement 
methods used to determine reported segment 
profit or loss. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  59

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Segment analysis (continued)

Segment information can be analysed as follows:

Consolidated Statement of Income

Revenue

Finance income

Share of profits of associates

Other income

Net losses from fair value adjustments of investment properties

Net changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

– Listed and unlisted securities 

– Corporate bonds

Cost of sales

Selling, general and administration expenses

Other expenses

Finance expenses

Loss before income tax

Withholding taxes imposed on investment income

Corporate income tax

Net loss

Year ended 30 June 2011

 Capital markets 

Real Estate

Private equity

Cash

Total

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

- 

16,334

- 

-

- 

- 

 (52,575)

55 

(36,186)

-

- 

157

15,413

5,876

 (301)

- 

- 

- 

21,145

-

8,797 

901

11

1,070

- 

- 

- 

- 

10,779

(7,059)

- 

4,069 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,069

-

8,797 

21,461

15,424 

6,946

 (301)

- 

 (52,575)

55 

(193) 

(7,059)

 (20,155)

 (4,056)

 (4,171)

 (35,634)

 (342)

(203)

 (36,179)

60   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Segment analysis (continued)

The relevant comparative segment information for the prior year is presented below:

Revenue

Finance income

Share of profits of associates

Other income

Net losses from fair value adjustments of investment properties

Net changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

– Listed and unlisted securities 

– Corporate bonds

Cost of sales

Selling, general and administration expenses

Other expenses

Finance expenses

Profit before income tax

Withholding taxes imposed on investment income

Corporate income tax

Net profit

Year ended 30 June 2011

 Capital markets 

Real Estate

Private equity

Cash

Total

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

 - 

12,857 

-

2,426 

 - 

96,495 

400 

112,178 

-

 - 

209 

12,978

203 

(72)

 - 

-

13,318

-

9,333 

241 

2,289 

4 

 - 

 - 

-

11,867

(7,673)

 - 

1,168 

-

 - 

 - 

 - 

-

1,168

-

9,333 

14,475 

15,267

2,633 

(72)

96,495 

400 

138,531

(7,673)

 (21,374)

 (1,600)

 (2,668)

105,216

 (211)

-

105,005

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  61

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Segment analysis (continued)

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

Total assets

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

– Consumer staples

– Construction

– Financial services

– Rubber and fertiliser

– Energy, minerals and petroleum

– Pharmaceuticals 

– Real estate

– Other securities

– Corporate bonds 

Investment properties

Investments in associates

Long-term loan receivables from related parties

Prepayments for acquisitions of investments

Available for sale financial assets

Other long-term assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Short-term investments

Inventories

Other current assets

Capital markets 

Real estate

As at 30 June 2011

Private equity Cash, corporate 
bonds and  
short-term 
investments

Total

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

87,835

48,614

57,761

25,898

24,680

11,359

59,537

51,717

-

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,000 

- 

- 

3,445 

195,806

51,836 

8,986 

6,111 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,680 

370,081 

31,045

302,229

-

-

-

-

-

-

- 

-

-

- 

3,773

- 

- 

10,812 

 667 

- 

-

2,380 

285

17,917

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

11,381

- 

- 

 - 

- 

- 

- 

62,968 

27

- 

- 

74,376

87,835

48,614

57,761

25,898

24,680

11,359

64,537

51,717

11,381

3,445 

199,579

51,836

8,986 

16,923 

667 

62,968 

27 

2,380 

34,010

764,603

62   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Segment analysis (continued)

The relevant comparative segment information for the prior year is presented below:

Total assets

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

– Consumer staples

– Construction

– Financial services

– Rubber and fertiliser

– Energy, minerals and petroleum

– Pharmaceuticals 

– Real estate

– Other securities

– Corporate bonds 

Investment properties

Investments in associates

Long-term loan receivables from related parties

Prepayments for acquisitions of investments 

Other long-term financial assets

Available for sale financial assets

Other long-term assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Short-term investments

Inventories

Other current assets

Capital markets 

Real estate

As at 30 June 2011

Private equity Cash, corporate 
bonds and  
short-term 
investments

Total

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

101,608

70,471

68,626

27,655

34,853

9,454

100,199

36,784

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6,700

170,415

47,718 

10,491

1,170

3,216

2

-

-

-

2,342

451,992

11,968

251,680

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

24,273

 - 

-

-

3,700

102

-

-

2,437

3,299

33,811

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 5,876 

-

 - 

 - 

-

-

-

-

50,033

428

-

-

56,337

101,608

70,471

68,626

27,655

34,853

9,454

100,199

36,784

5,876 

6,700

194,688 

47,718 

10,491

1,170

6,916

104

50,033

428

2,437

17,609

793,820

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  63

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Segment analysis (continued)

The Group’s revenues, investment income and non-current assets (other than financial instruments, investments accounted for using the equity method, 
deferred tax assets and post-employment benefit assets) are divided into the following geographical areas:

Vietnam

Other countries

Total

Year ended 30 June 2011

Year ended 30 June 2010

Revenue and income

Non-current assets

Revenue and income

Non-current assets

USD’000

(22,289)

 (274)

(22,563)

USD’000

 20,368 

 - 

 20,368 

USD’000

118,542

2,089

120,631

USD’000

13,630

-

13,630

Revenues and investment income includes revenue from operations, financial income and net gain or loss on fair value adjustments of investment properties 
and financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, have been identified based on the location of operations and/or investments. Non-current assets are 
allocated based on their physical locations.

The Group does not rely on major customer therefore information about major customers are excluded from this disclosure.

6. Subsidiaries

Additional acquisition of 25% equity interest of American Home Limited
At 30 June 2010 the Group held 75% interest in American Home Limited, a subsidiary incorporated in Vietnam. The principal activity of this company is to 
manufacture and sell building materials. In December 2010, the Group acquired a further 25% equity interest for USD0.6 million which brings the Group’s 
total equity interest in the project to 100% at the reporting date. The difference of USD0.4 million between the percentage change in non-controlling interests 
and the consideration paid has been recognised directly in equity.

Disposal of 50% equity interest in VOF PE Holding 1 Limited
During the year, the Group disposed its 50% interest in VOF PE Holding 1 Limited, a subsidiary incorporated in BVI for the consideration of USD1.22 million. The 
fair value of the net assets at the disposal date was USD0.42 million.  The resulting gain has been recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income (Note 21).

Disposal of Vanguard Era Investment Ltd.
During the year, the Group disposed its 50% interest in Vanguard Era Investment Ltd., a subsidiary incorporated in BVI for the consideration of USD8.5 million. The 
fair value of the net assets at the disposal date was USD4.23 million. The resulting gain has been recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income (Note 21).

64   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

6. Subsidiaries

The details of the Group’s subsidiaries as of 30 June 2011 are shown below:

Name

Asia Value Investment Ltd.

Vietnam Enterprise Ltd.

Vietnam Investment Property Ltd.

Vietnam Investment Property Holdings Ltd.

Vietnam Investment Ltd.

Vietnam Ventures Ltd.

VOF Investment Ltd.

Vina QSR Limited

Indochina Building Supplies Pte. Ltd.

American Home Limited

Indotel Limited

Pegasus Leisure Limited

Saigon Water Park Co. Ltd.

PA Investment Opportunity II Limited

VOF PE Holding 2 Limited

VOF PE Holding 3 Limited

DTL Education Holding Ltd.

Vinasugar Holding Ltd.

Vietnam Master Holding 2 Ltd.

Allright Assets Ltd.

SE Asia Master Holding 7 

VinaLand Heritage Ltd.

Place of incorporation/
operations

Contributed 
share capital 
(USD)

Percentage interest 
held by the Group

Principal activities

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

Singapore

Vietnam

Singapore

BVI

Vietnam

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

Singapore

BVI

4,730,000

61,460,000

8,750,000

12,600,000

19,320,000

7,100,000

670,700,000

1,610,000

2,956,346

23,400,000

17,734,008

2,413,592

2,475,200

14,951,368

10,100,000

-

15,000,000

-

-

-

4,000,000

-

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Building materials

Building materials

Hospitality

Property

Property

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Investment

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  65

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

7. Investment properties

9. Investments in associates

Opening balance

Additions during the year

Reclassified as held for sale (Note 15)

Net losses from fair value adjustments of investment 
properties 

Disposals of investment properties(*)

Translation differences

Closing balance

Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended 
30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

6,700 

- 

(245)

(301) 

(2,344)

 (365)

3,445 

6,906 

201 

-

 (72)

-

 (335)

6,700 

Opening balance

Additions 

Share of profits of associates (Note 26) 

Share of associates’ changes in revaluation reserves, net of
tax (Note 17 and Note 26)

Transferred from prepayments for acquisitions of
investments 

Transferred to available for sale financial assets (Note 10) 

(*)   This pertains to the disposal of Binh Trieu project for USD2.7 million. The disposal resulted in a gain of USD0.4 

Reclassified as held for sale (Note 15)

million which is presented as part of other income (Note 21). 

8. Prepayments for acquisitions of investments

Transferred to financial assets at fair value through profit or
loss

Transferred from receivables from related parties 

Opening balance

Disposal (*)

Transferred to Investments in associates

Written-off 

Closing balance

Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended 
30 June 2010

USD’000

10,491

(1,505)

-

-

8,986

USD‘000

14,144

-

(3,000)

(653)

10,491

These pertain to payments made by the Group to investment/property vendors where the final transfer of the property/
investment is pending the approval of the relevant authorities and/or is subject to either the Group or the vendor 
completing certain performance conditions as defined in the respecrive agreements. 

(*)   In October 2010, the Group sold its right to invest in Hoi An Development Ltd to VinaLand Limited for USD1.9 

million resulting in a gain from disposal amounting to USD0.4 million (Note 21). 

Dividends received

Disposals

Written-off

Translation differences

Closing balance

Additional capital contributions 
During the year, the Group made further contributions of USD7.0 million 
to Prosper Big Ltd (21st Century Project), Phu Hoi City Co Limited (Licogi 16 
Project), Cypress Assets Ltd (Sheraton Nha Trang), Saigon Golf JSC (Saigon 
Golf Project) and Vietnam Property Holding Ltd (Danang Golf Course Project). 
The Group’s levels of interest in these entities are unchanged.

Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended 
30 June 2010

USD’000

194,688

7,038

15,424

USD‘000

148,435

17,650 

 15,267 

6,320

 (2,362)

-

3,000

(2,895)

(12,104)

(1,912)

-

(1,500)

(5,125)

-

(355)

-

-

-

17,305

(1,534)

(2,543)

(312)

(218)

199,579

194,688

66   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Investments in associates (continued)

Dilution of interest 
During the year, the Group decided not to contribute further to House & 
Urban Development Financial Investment Co following a call announcement 
for capital contributions from the entity. This resulted in the dilution of its 
interest from 30% to 18% as at reporting date. As a result, the Group has 
lost significant influence over this entity and as a consequence, the carrying 
value of its investment amounting to USD2.9 million was reclassified to 
available for sale financial assets.

Change in equity interest
As at 30 June 2010, the Group held 60% equity interest in International 
School HCMC through VOF PE Holding 1 Limited, Vanguard Era Investment 
Ltd and VOF PE Holding 3 Limited. As a result of the disposals of VOF PE 
Holding 1 Limited and Vanguard Era Investment Ltd, the Group’s equity 
interest in International School HCMC was reduced from 60% to 20% 
and as a result the Group lost significant influence over this entity. As a 
consequence, the carrying value of its remaining interest amounting to 
USD2.9 million was reclassified to financial assets at fair through profit or 
loss at the reporting date. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  67

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Investments in associates (continued)

The details of the Group’s significant operating associates and their summarised financial information, extracted from their statutory audited/reviewed and/or 
management accounts as at 30 June 2011 are as follow:

S.E.M Thong Nhat Hotel Metropole (1)

Thang Loi Textile & Garment JSC 

Hung Vuong Corporation

VinaCapital Commercial Center Limited (Phase I: 12.75%, Phase II: 25%)

Pho Viet Joint Stock Co.

Phong Phu Investment Development Ltd

Vietnam Property Holding Ltd.

Prosper Big Ltd.

VinaCapital Danang Resorts Ltd.

Roxy Assets Ltd.

Maplecity Investment Limited

Standbrook Global Ltd.

VinaLand Espero Limited

Sunbird Group Ltd.

Pacific Alliance Land Ltd.

Cypress Assets Ltd.

Kinh Do Property JSC

Saigon Golf JSC

Vina Dai Phuoc Corporation (2)

Phu Hoi City Company Limited(2)

Incorporation/ 
operation

Direct & indirect 
equity interest 
held

Principal activity

Assets

Liabilities

Income

Net profit/ 
(loss)

Vietnam

Vietnam

Vietnam

BVI

Vietnam

Vietnam

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

BVI

Vietnam

Vietnam

BVI

Vietnam

%

50

49

40.91

37.75

Hospitality

Textile & Garment

Property

Property

32.5

Food & Beverage

30

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

23

23

20

18

17.5

Investment

Property

Property

Property

Hospitality

Hospitality

Property

Property

Property

Property

Hospitality

Property

Property

Property

Property

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

49,569 

9,660 

38,957 

85,001 

2,943 

33,107 

149,918 

149,923 

86,152 

27,247 

55,038 

52,062 

91,677 

12,738 

112,981 

46,923 

29,718 

7,210 

118,376 

48,238 

12,770 

7,380 

22,804 

36,118 

1,857 

24,015 

103,379 

72,902 

57,534 

28,583 

36,767 

53,446 

77,231 

15,506 

48,057 

86,101 

2,188 

 1 

76,744 

29,306 

 16,892 

 2,304

 3,733 

 2,726 

 2,050 

158 

 39,008 

 18,835 

 22,073 

 9,344 

 8,941 

 6,535 

 4,166 

503 

 13,619

 6,542 

87 

330 

961 

 3,037

 3,445 

83

893 

 5,469 

88 

 (80)

 27,038 

 16,748 

 (484)

(3,023)

 (533)

 6,405 

 4,175 

175 

 10,270

(8,456)

(7,713)

72 

(1,686)

 2,492

(1)  At the reporting date, the Group effectively has a 50% equity interest in SEM Thong Nhat Hotel Metropole (via the 100% interest in Indotel Limited – Note 6). The Group does not have any control or joint control of this entity due to its limited 

representation on the board. The Group though has significant influence since it has the power to participate in the financial and operating policies of the entity, and are therefore this investment is treated as an associate.

(2)  The Group holds 18%, 17.5% and 15.5% interest, respectively in Vina Dai Phuoc Corporation, Phu Hoi City Company Limited (Licogi 16 project), and Vina Alliance Limited (Vinataba project), respectively. These entities are subsidiaries of 

VinaLand Limited, however the Group has significant influence since it has the power to participate in the financial and operating policies of the entities, and are therefore treated as associates in the Group consolidated financial statements.

68   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

10. Available for sale financial assets

11. Trade and other receivables

Yen Viet Joint Stock Company

Indochina Industries Food Pte. Ltd. 

House & Urban Development Financial Investment Co 
(Note 9)

Thang Loi Land Joint Stock Company

AA Corporation

Impairment losses

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

 USD’000 

 USD’000 

7,112

13,100

2,895

 2,889

526

26,522

(9,599)

16,923

-

Trade receivables

13,100

Receivable from matured bonds

-

2,889

526

16,515

(9,599)

6,916

Interests receivables from related parties

Dividend receivables

Receivable from disposal of investment property

Short-term loan receivable from third parties

Other current assets

Allowance

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

 USD’000 

 USD’000 

969

3,480

728

1,583

1,958

2,985

1,236

12,939

(4,225)

8,714

2,034

3,808

1,351

-

-

 - 

936

8,129

(2,084)

6,045

As all trade and other receivables are short-term in nature, their carrying 
values are considered reasonable approximation of their fair values at the 
reporting date.

Investment in Yen Viet Joint Stock Company 
In April 2011, the Group acquired a 20% interest in Yen Viet Joint Stock 
Company USD7.1 million. The Group does not have significant influence or 
control over the entity since it has no power to participate in or control over 
the financial and operating policies of the entity and therefore treated the 
investment as available for sale financial assets. 

In 2009, the Group recognised impairment losses of USD9.4 million and 
USD0.2 million with respect to its investments in Indochina Industries 
Food Pte. Ltd. and AA Corporation, respectively. No further indications of 
impairment were noted after that. 

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  69

 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

12. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

13. Categories of financial assets and liabilities

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

 USD’000 

 USD’000 

The carrying amounts presented in the consolidated statement of financial 
position relate to the following categories of assets and liabilities:

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:

Financial assets in Vietnam:

Ordinary shares – listed

Ordinary shares – unlisted

Corporate bonds (*)

Financial assets in countries other than Vietnam:

Ordinary shares – listed (**)

Total financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

 241,521 

93,428 

11,381

 37,452 

383,782

 298,675 

 115,422 

5,876

 35,553 

455,526

(*)  Corporate bonds carry fixed interest rates ranging from 8.0% to 15% and will mature in 2012.

(**)  During the year, the Group purchased an additional 6,218,269 ordinary shares of VinaLand Limited, bringing the 

total number ordinary shares held by the Group to 36,216,326 ordinary shares, which represents a 7.24% interests 
in VinaLand Limited.

The financial assets are denominated in the following currencies:

Financial assets

Financial assets held for trading (carried at fair
value through profit or loss):

Ordinary shares – listed and unlisted

Corporate bonds

Available for sale financial assets (carried at fair
value through other comprehensive income) 

Financial assets carried at amortised costs:

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

12

12

10

11,26

14

Vietnam Dong

Other currencies

30 June 2011 30 June 2010

 USD’000 

 USD’000 

 346,330 

 37,452 

 383,782 

 419,973 

 35,553 

455,526

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost:

Non-current:

Other long term liabilities

Current:

Trade and other payables

18,26

The carrying amounts disclosed above are the Group’s maximum possible 
credit risk exposure in relation to these instruments. See Note 28 for further 
information on the Group’s exposure to financial risk.

Note

30 June 2011 30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

372,401

11,381

449,650

5,876

383,782

455,526

16,923

6,916

73,497

62,968

136,465

537,170

65,327

50,033

115,360

577,802

55

-

12,541

12,596

9,791

9,791

The fair values of financial assets and liabilities are presented in the related 
notes. The Group’s risk management objectives and policies for financial 
instruments are set out in Note 28. 

70   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Cash and cash equivalents

15. Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale

Cash on hand

Cash in banks

Cash equivalents

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

106

42,706

20,156

62,968

18

25,405

24,610

50,033

Cash equivalents represent short-term deposits with annual interest rates 
of 0.5% and 14.0% for USD and VND accounts, respectively. These deposits 
have maturity terms from one to two months from the reporting date. 

The cash and cash equivalents are denominated in the following currencies:

Hoan My 
Medical
Corporation 
JSC

Saigon Water
Park Co Ltd

Vietnam Dong

United States Dollar

Other currencies

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

26,620

34,204

2,144

62,968

24,650

25,383

-

50,033

The summary of the assets/(liabilities) held for sale at the reporting date:

Assets 
classified 
as held for 
sale

Liabilities 
classified 
as held for 
sale

Net assets 
classified 
as held for 
sale

Attributable to

Non-
controlling 
interests

Equity 
shareholders 
of the parent

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

12,104

245

12,349

-

-

-

12,104

245

12,349

-

-

-

12,104

245

12,349

There were no assets and liabilities classified as held for sale at 30 June 2010.

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  71

 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

15. Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale (continued)

17. Revaluation reserve

Hoan My Medical Corporation JSC
As at 30 June 2011, the Group has intention to dispose of its 28.8% interest 
in Hoan My Medical Corporation JSC and this is supported by an agreement 
signed in August 2011. The ownership of the equity interest will be passed to 
the Purchaser when all the terms in the agreement are met which is after the 
date of approval of the consolidated financial statements. Consequently, the 
carrying value of the investment was classified as assets held for sale at the 
reporting date.

Saigon Water Park Co Ltd
In June 2011, the Group entered into an agreement to dispose its 100% 
interest in Saigon Water Park Co. Ltd., however, control of the entity will not 
be passed to the Purchaser when all the terms in the agreement are met 
which is after the date of approval of the consolidated financial statements. 
Consequently, the assets and liabilities of Saigon Water Park Co. Ltd. were 
classified as held for sale assets/liabilities at the reporting date.

16. Share capital

Authorised:

Ordinary shares of USD0.01 
each

Issued and fully paid:

Opening balance

Closing balance

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

Number of 
shares

USD‘000

Number of 
shares

USD‘000

500,000,000

5,000

500,000,000

5,000

324,610,259

324,610,259

3,246

3,246

324,610,259

324,610,259

3,246

3,246

Opening balance

Share of associates’ changes in revaluation reserves 
(Note 9)

Less: disposal of an associate

Closing balance

18. Trade and other payables

Trade payables

Deposits received for conditional sale of assets post
reporting date 

Tax payable

Unearned revenues

Other accrued liabilities

Other payables

Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended 
30 June 2010

USD’000

21,193 

6,320

- 

27,513 

USD’000

25,958

(2,362)

(2,403)

21,193

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

1,702

USD’000

1,205

-

769

367

-

1,094

3,932

760

-

-

728

1,396

4,089

As all trade and other payables are short-term in nature, their carrying values 
are considered reasonable approximation of their fair values.

72   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

19. Net changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through 
profit or loss 

21. Other income

Unrealised gains/ (losses) in fair value of financial 
assets

Unrealised gains in fair value of financial assets

Unrealised losses in fair value of financial assets

Realised gains/ (losses) in fair value of financial 
assets

Realised gains in fair value of financial assets

Realised losses in fair value of financial assets

Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

(74,691) 

17,503

(92,194)

 22,171

26,385

(4,214)

(52,520)

61,064

88,777

(27,713)

35,831

38,785

(2,954)

96,895

Gains on disposal of investments in: 

   Associates (Note 6)

   Investments properties (Note 7) 

   Prepayments for acquisitions of investments (Note 8)

Consulting income 

Other income

22. Finance income and expenses

During the year, the net unrealised gains/(losses) in fair value of financial 
assets at fair value through profit or loss of USD74.7 million is consistent 
with the fair value movement of the Vietnam market through respective 
reductions in the VN-Index and the HN-Index from 507.66 points and 160.78 
points as at 30 June 2010 to 439.7 points and 76.27 points as at 30 June 2011.

20. Selling, general and administration expenses

Interest income

   From cash and term deposits

   From corporate bonds

   From loans to associates

   From others

Dividend income

Management fees (Note 26)

Professional fees

General administration and selling expenses (*) 

Other expenses

Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

Realised gains from foreign currency exchange 
differences

USD’000

14,488

2,714

1,338

1,615

20,155

USD’000

15,372

2,433

1,549

2,020

21,374

Finance income

Realised losses on foreign currency exchange differences

Interest expenses

Unrealised losses from foreign currency exchange 
differences

Finance expenses

(*)  The majority of these expenses relate to operating expenses incurred by the subsidiaries of the Group. 

Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

5,876

5,092

356

428 

443

627

6,946

1,035

1,035

-

-

-

1,598

2,633

Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

4,142

1,704

938

1,298

202

16,725 

594

21,461

(3,055)

(460)

(656)

(4,171)

3,825

976

216

2,433

200

9,938 

712

14,475

(2,151)

(265)

(252)

(2,668)

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  73

 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

23. Corporate income tax

24. Earnings per share

VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Limited is domiciled in the Cayman 
Islands. Under the current laws of the Cayman Islands, there is no income, 
state, corporation, capital gains or other tax payable by the Company.

The majority of the Group’s subsidiaries are domiciled in the British Virgin 
Islands (“BVI”) and so have a tax exempt status. Some of the subsidiaries 
are established in Singapore and have offshore operations in Vietnam. The 
income from these offshore operations is also tax exempt in Singapore. 

A small number of subsidiaries are established in Vietnam and are subject to 
corporate income tax in Vietnam. The provision for corporate income tax for 
these Vietnamese subsidiaries for the year ended 30 June 2011 amounted to 
USD0.2 million (30 June 2010: nil). The corporate income tax payable at all of 
the Vietnamese subsidiaries is USD0.6 million (30 June 2011: nil)

Under the laws of Vietnam, tax losses can be carried forward to offset 
against future taxable income over the next five years from the year the loss 
was incurred. The Group did not recognise any deferred income taxes from 
approximately of USD2.8 million of tax losses due to uncertainty over their 
recoverability. 

(a) Basic earnings/(losses) per share
Basic earnings/(losses) per share is calculated by dividing the profits/(losses) 
attributable to the shareholders of the Group by the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

(Loss)/profit attributable to equity holders of the Company
(USD’000)

(36,285)

104,694

Weighted average number of ordinary shares on issue

324,610,259

324,610,259

(Losses)/basic earnings per share (USD per share)

 (0.11)

 0.32

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

(b) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares outstanding to assume conversion of all dilutive 
potential ordinary shares. The Group has no category of potentially dilutive 
ordinary shares. Therefore, diluted earnings per share are equal to basic 
earnings per share.

(c) Net asset value per share 
Net asset value (NAV) per share is calculated by dividing the net asset value 
attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the number of 
outstanding ordinary shares as at the reporting date. Net asset value is 
determined as total assets less total liabilities and non-controlling interests. 

Net asset value (USD’000)

Number of outstanding ordinary shares

Net asset value per share (USD per share)

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

751,906

782,501

324,610,259 

324,610,259 

 2.32 

2.41

74   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

25. Directors’ and Management’s remuneration

26. Related party transactions and balances

The aggregate director fee amounted to USD195,000 (year ended 30 June 
2010: USD193,000), of which there was no outstanding payable at the 
reporting date (30 June 2010: nil).

The details remuneration for each director are summarised below:

Short-term benefits

William Vanderfelt

Martin Glynn

Michael Gray

Year ended

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

75

60

60

195

75

60

58

193

At the EGM on 17 June 2009, the shareholders approved a resolution to 
increase Directors’ remuneration to a maximum amount of USD300,000 per 
year, subject to the condition that any fees paid in excess of USD60,000 for 
services rendered from 1 July 2007 shall result in a corresponding reduction 
in the management fee paid to VinaCapital Investment Management Limited, 
the Investment Manager (Note 26). 

The Board of Management and certain other individuals who act on behalf 
of the Group are remunerated by the Investment Manager. However, it 
is not possible to specifically allocate their costs to the Group. Part of the 
management fees disclosed in Note 26 can be allocated to the remuneration 
of these individuals.

Management fees
During the first half of the current fiscal year, the Group was managed 
by VinaCapital Investment Management Limited (the “BVI Investment 
Manager”), a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”), under 
a management agreement dated 24 September 2003 (the “Management 
Agreement”). From 1 January 2011, the Group was managed by VinaCapital 
Investment Management Limited (the “CI Investment Manager”), a 100% 
owned subsidiary company of the BVI Investment Manager incorporated and 
registered as a licenced fund manager in the Cayman Islands (“CI”), under 
the novation agreement between the BVI Investment Manager and the CI 
Investment Manager. The Investment Managers receive a fee based on the 
net asset value of the Group, payable monthly in arrears, at an annual rate of 
2% (30 June 2010: 2%).

Total management fees for the year amounted to USD14,487,873 (30 June 
2010: USD15,372,000), of which USD5,745,000(30 June 2010: USD2,242,000) 
were outstanding at the reporting date.

Performance fees
In accordance with the Management Agreement, the Investment Manager 
is also entitled to a performance fee equal to 20% of the increase in the 
net asset value over the higher of a realised return over an annualised 
compounding hurdle rate of 8% and high watermark.

There were no performance fees payable in the year (30 June 2010: nil) and 
no amounts were payable to the Investment Manager at the reporting date 
(30 June 2010: nil).

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  75

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26. Related party transactions and balances (continued)

Placement fees
When raising capital through the issuance of new Ordinary Share, a commission equal to 3% of the subscription price multiplied by the total number of the 
shares allotted by the Group on admission is payable by the Group to the Investment Manager. The Investment Manager is responsible for paying placing 
agents that are engaged in respect to such subscriptions. The net proceeds of share subscriptions are recorded after netting off placement fees.

There were no placement fees payable in the year (30 June 2010: nil) and no amounts were payable to the Investment Manager at the reporting date (30 June 
2010: nil).

Other related party transactions and balances
During the year, the following significant transactions with related parties were recorded as follow:

Related party

Relationship

S.E.M Thong Nhat Hotel Metropole

House &  Urban Development Financial Investment Co

Hung Vuong Corporation

Kinh Do Property JSC

Pho Viet Joint Stock Company

T.D Company

Phong Phu Investment Development JSC

Thang Loi Textile & Garment JSC 

Saigon Golf JSC

International School of Ho Chi Minh City

Hoan My Medical Corporation JSC

Phu Hoi City Company Limited

Vina Dai Phuoc Corporation

VinaLand Limited subsidiaries

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Associate

Transactions (USD’000)

Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended 
30 June 2010

Share of profits/
(losses)

Share of change in 
revaluation reserves

Share of profits/
(losses)

Share of change in 
revaluation reserves

3,024 

 (6)

 868 

 (115) 

11 

- 

 3 

 157 

 (14)

1,040 

1,507 

 208 

558 

8,183

15,424 

6,063

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 257

6,320

 2,249

44 

 (1,023)

 1,599 

5 

(147)

8 

709 

12 

 1,026 

498 

 (1,683)

 3,804 

 8,166 

 15,267 

 (2,483)

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 120 

 (2,363)

76   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26. Related party transactions and balances (continued)

The details of these loan receivables at the reporting date are as follow:

During the year, the Group engaged VinaSecurities Joint Stock Company, 
a related party, as a securities broker. An amount of USD4,592 (30 June 
2010: USD16,000) had been paid to this broker relating to securities trading 
transactions which is based on the standard rates.

At 30 June 2011, the details of the non-current receivable balances with 
related parties are as shown below:

Related party

Relationship

Transactions

Receivables

Non-current assets

VinaLand Limited
subsidiaries

Under 
common 
management

Loan 
receivables (*)

Hung Vuong Corporation

Associate

Loan

30 June 2011 30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

47,991

42,631

3,845

51,836

5,087

47,718

Allowance 

(*)  Loan receivables represent the Group’s share of loans provided to its associates on joint investments in real 

estate projects with VinaLand Limited. The loans are unsecured, bear interest at the 6-month SIBOR plus 3%, 
and are repayable on demand or on disposal of the related investments. The amount of each loan is based on 
the respective ownership of VNL and the Group in each subsidiary. The loans are carried at amortised cost in the 
Consilidated Statement of Financial Position. Interest income earned for the year has been waived by the Group.

VinaCapital Danang Resorts Limited

Cypress Assets Limited

Prosper Big Investment Limited

Avante Global Limited

VinaLand Espero Limited

Maplecity Investments Limited

Sunbird Group Limited

Vietnam Property Holding Limited

VinaCapital Commercial Center Limited

Standbrook Limited

Roxy Assets Limited 

Others

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

3,376

721

12,073

2,998

9,261

5,951

1,259

4,765

5

6,410

2,350

32

49,201

(1,210)

47,991

 3,376 

631 

 12,073 

 2,998 

 9,261 

 5,951 

 1,259 

 4,765 

5 

 1,210 

 2,279 

33 

43,841 

 (1,210)

 42,631 

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  77

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26. Related party transactions and balances (continued)

At 30 June 2011, the details of the current receivables and payables balances with related parties are as shown below:

Related party

Relationship

Transactions

Receivables

Current assets

VinaLand Limited subsidiaries

Under common 

Dividend receivables

management

Others

VinaCapital Investment Management Ltd.

Under common management

Advance payments

Hung Vuong Corporation

SIH Investment Ltd.

Lam Co Company Ltd.

Associate

Loan and interest receivable

Under common management

Under common management

Loan receivable

Loan receivable

VinaCapital Danang Golf Course Ltd (Vietnam)

Under common management

Loan and interest receivable

Roxy Vietnam Ltd. (Vietnam)

Under common management

Loan interest receivable

East Ocean Real Estate & Tourist JSC (Vietnam)

Under common management

Loan interest receivable

Vinh Thai Urban Development Corporation (Vietnam)

Under common management

Associate

Associate

Loan and interest receivables

Loan receivable

Loan receivable

Thang Loi Textile & Garment JSC

Phong Phu Investment Development JSC

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD‘000

613

2,040

135

552

1,047

700

1,000

400

1,482

426

3,578

974

12,947

613

1,821 

910

404

707

700

1,094

17

69

525

3,353

1,351

11,564

Related party

Relationship

Transactions

Payables

VinaLand Limited subsidiaries

VinaCapital Investment Management Ltd.

Under common management

Under common management and 
Investment Manager

Advances for real estate 
projects 

Management fees

Cash advance 

Dien Phuoc Long Real Estate Limited

Under common management

Corporate advisory fees

30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

1,689

USD’000

3,460

5,745

192

983

8,609

 2,242 

-

-

5,702

78   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

27. Commitments

The Group has a broad range of commitments under investment licences 
it has received for the real estate projects jointly invested with VinaLand 
Limited and other agreements it has entered into, to acquire and develop, 
or make additional investments in investment properties and leasehold land 
in Vietnam. Further investments in any of these arrangements are at the 
Group’s discretion.

28. Risk management objectives and policies

The Group invests in listed and unlisted equity instruments, debt 
instruments, assets and other opportunities in Vietnam and overseas with 
the objective of achieving medium to long-term capital appreciation and 
providing investment income. 

The Group is exposed to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including 
currency risk, interest rate risk, and price risk); credit risk; and liquidity 
risk. The Group’s overall risk management programme focuses on the 
unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse 
effects on the Group’s financial performance. The Group’s risk management 
is coordinated by the Investment Manager who manages the distribution of 
the assets to achieve the investment objectives. 

The most significant financial risks the Group is exposed to are described 
below:

Foreign currency risk sensitivity
The Group’s exposure to risk resulting from changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates is moderate as although transactions in Vietnam are settled 
in Vietnam Dong (VND), the value of the Vietnam Dong has historically been 
closely linked to that of USD, the reporting currency.

The Group’s financial assets and liabilities, exposure to risk of fluctuations in 
foreign currency exchange rates at the reporting date were as follow:

30 June 2011

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

Net exposure

30 June 2010

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

Net exposure

 Short-term exposure

Long-term exposure

VND

USD’000

Others

USD’000

VND

USD’000

Others

USD’000

377,294

(3,987)

373,307

449,616

(3,232)

446,384

91,144

(8,609)

82,535

73,980

(6,559)

67,421

13,223

55,536

-

-

13,223

55,536

6,257

-

6,257

53,122

- 

53,122

Sensitivity analysis to a reasonably possible change in exchange rates
Property valuations in Vietnam are based on a combination of factors linked 
to both the USD and VND. Assuming all properties are valued based on VND 
cash flows, a 5% weakening of the VND against the USD at the end of the 
year ended 30 June 2011 and 30 June 2010 would have impacted net income 
of the Group’s equity by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes 
that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant.

5% devaluation of the Vietnam Dong
Statement of Income

(*)  Prior year number has been restarted

Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended
 30 June 2010 (*)

USD’000

USD’000

18,665

22,319

A 5% strengthening of the VND against USD would have had the equal but 
opposite effect to the amount shown above, on the basis that all other 
variables remain constant.

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  79

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

28. Risk management objectives and policies (continued)

Price risk sensitivity
Price risk is the risk that the value of the instrument will fluctuate as a 
result of changes in market prices, whether caused by factors specific to an 
individual investment, its issuer, or factors affecting all instruments traded 
in the market. As the majority of the Group’s financial instruments are 
carried at fair value with fair value changes recognised in the Consolidated 
Statement of Income, all changes in market conditions will directly affect net 
investment income. 

The Group’s unlisted equity securities are susceptible to market price 
risk arising from uncertainties about future values of the investment 
securities. The Investment Manager provides the Group with investment 
recommendations that are consistent with the Group’s objectives. The 
Investment Manager’s recommendations are approved by an Investment 
Committee and/or the Board of Directors of the Group before investment 
decisions are implemented.

All securities investments present a risk of loss of capital. The Investment 
Manager manages this risk through the careful selection of securities 
and other financial instruments within specified limits and by holding 
a diversified portfolio of listed and unlisted instruments. In addition, 
the performance of investments held by the Group is monitored by the 
Investment Manager on a monthly basis and reviewed by the Board of 
Directors on a quarterly basis.

The Group invests in listed and unlisted equity securities and is exposed 
to market price risk of these securities. If the prices of the securities were 
to fluctuate by 10%, the impact on the Consolidated Statement of Income 
and the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity would approximately 
amount to a gain approximately of USD37.2 million (30 June 2010: gain 
approximately of USD45.5 million). 

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk sensitivity
The Group’s exposure to interest rate risk is related to interest bearing 
financial assets and financial liabilities. Cash and cash equivalents, bank 
deposits and bonds are subject to interest at fixed rates. They are exposed 
to fair value changes due to interest rate changes. The Group currently has 
no financial liabilities with floating interest rates. As a result, the Group has 
limited exposure to cash flow and interest rate risk. 

Credit risk analysis
Credit risk is the risk that a counterparty will be unable to pay amounts in 
full when due. Impairment provisions are provided for losses that have been 
incurred by the Group at the reporting date. The Group’s exposure to credit 
risk is limited to the carrying amount of financial assets recognised at the 
reporting date, as summarised below:

Classes of financial assets– carrying amounts: 

Short-term investments

Long-term loan receivables

Prepayment for acquisitions of investments

Other long-term financial assets

Trade and other receivables

 30 June 2011

 30 June 2010

 USD’000 

 USD’000 

27

51,836

8,986

-

21,661

82,510

428

47,718

10,491

 1,170

 17,609 

77,416

All transactions in listed securities are settled upon delivery using approved 
brokers. The risk of default is considered low, as delivery of securities sold 
is only made once the broker has received payment. Payment is made for 
purchases once the securities have been received by the broker. The trade 
will be unwound if either party fails to meet its obligations.

80   VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

28. Risk management objectives and policies (continued)

The carrying amount of trade and other receivables and loans represent the 
Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to its financial assets. 

The Group has no other significant concentrations of credit risk.

In accordance with the Group’s policy, the Investment Manager continuously 
monitors the Group’s credit position on a monthly basis, identified either 
individually or by group, and incorporates this information into its credit 
controls.

The Group’s Investment Manager reconsiders the valuations of financial 
assets that are impaired or overdue at each reporting date based on the 
payment status of the counterparties, recoverability of receivables, and 
prevailing market conditions.

Liquidity risk analysis
The Group invests in both listed securities that are traded in active markets 
and unlisted securities that are not actively traded.

The Group’s listed securities are considered to be readily realisable, as they 
are mainly listed on the Vietnam Stock Exchange. 

Unlisted securities, which are not traded in an organised public market, may 
be illiquid. As a result, the Group may not be able to quickly liquidate its 
investments in these instruments at an amount close to fair value in order 
to respond to its liquidity requirements or to other specific events such as 
deterioration in the creditworthiness of a particular issuer. However, the 
Group has the ability to borrow in the short-term to ensure sufficient cash is 
available for any settlements due.

At the reporting date, the Group’s liabilities have contractual maturities 
which are summarised below:

30 June 2011

Trade and other payables 

Payable to related parties 

30 June 2010

Trade and other payables 

Payable to related parties 

Current

Non-current

Within 6 
months

6 to 12 
months

From 1 to 5 
years

Over 5 years

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

3,932

8,609

12,541

4,089

-

4,089

-

-

-

-

5,702

5,702

55

-

55

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

The above contractual maturities reflect the gross cash flows, which may 
differ to the carrying value of the liabilities at the reporting date.

Capital management
The Group’s capital management objectives are:

• 
• 
• 

To ensure the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern;
To provide investors with an attractive level of investment income; and
To achieve capital growth.

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  81

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

28. Risk management objectives and policies (continued)

The Group considers the capital to be managed as equal to the net assets 
attributable to the holders of ordinary shares. The Group is not subject 
to externally imposed capital requirement. The Group has engaged the 
Investment Manager to allocate the net assets in such a way so as to 
generate investment returns that are commensurate with the investment 
objectives outlined in the Group’s offering documents. 

Capital for the reporting periods under audit is summarised as follow: 

• 
• 

• 

Level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that 
are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (ie as prices) or 
indirectly (ie derived from prices); and
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable 
market data (unobservable inputs).

The level within which the financial asset or liability is classified is 
determined based on the lowest level of significant input to the fair value 
measurement.

 30 June 2011

30 June 2010

USD’000

USD’000

The financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value in the statement of 
financial position are grouped into the fair value hierarchy as follows:

Net assets attributable to the holders of ordinary 
shares

751,906

 782,501

29. Fair value hierarchy

The Group adopted the amendments to IFRS 7 Improving Disclosures about 
Financial Instruments effective from 1 January 2011 Financial Instrument: 
Disclosure. These amendments clarify the disclosure requirement of the 
standards to remove inconsistencies, duplicative disclosure requirements and 
specific disclosures that may be misleading. The Group has made sufficient 
disclosure in compliance with IFRS 7 in the consolidated financial statements.

The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair 
value in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position in accordance with 
the fair value hierarchy. This hierarchy groups financial assets and liabilities 
into three levels based on the significance of inputs used in measuring the 
fair value of the financial assets and liabilities. The fair value hierarchy has 
the following levels:

As at 30 June 2011

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

Assets

Financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss

Financial assets in Vietnam

- Ordinary share – listed

241,521

- Ordinary share – unlisted

- Corporate bonds

Financial assets in countries 
other than Vietnam

Liabilities

Net fair value

-

74,494

11,381

-

-

37,452

-

-

241,521

18,934

-

-

93,428

11,381

37,452

278,973 

85,875 

18,934 

383,782 

- 

- 

- 

- 

278,973 

85,875

18,934 

383,782 

82   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

29. Fair value hierarchy (continued)

There have been no significant transfers between Level 1 and 2 during the 
year.

The methods and valuation techniques used for the purpose of measuring 
fair value are unchanged compared to the previous reporting period as 
disclosed in Note 3.

In comparison with the last year-end:

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

USD’000

The reconciliation of the carrying amounts of financial instruments classified 
within Level 3 is as follows:

Opening balance

Gain or losses recognised in

- Statement of Income

- Other comprehensive income

Purchases during the year

Closing balance

Financial assets at fair value
through profit or loss

 Year ended 
30 June 2011

Year ended 30 
June 2010

USD’000

15,039

USD’000

-

1,983

1,912

-

18,934

(192)

-

15,231

15,039

Assets

Financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Financial assets in Vietnam

- Ordinary share - listed

- Ordinary share - unlisted

- Corporate bonds

Financial assets in countries 
other than Vietnam

Liabilities

Net fair value

298,675

1,559

-

-

98,824

5,876

35,553

-

-

15,039

-

-

298,675

115,422

5,876

35,553

335,787 

104,700 

15,039 

455,526 

- 

- 

- 

- 

335,787 

104,700 

15,039 

455,526 

Changing inputs to the level 3 valuations to reasonably possible alternative 
assumptions would not change significantly amounts recognised in profit or 
loss, total assets or total liabilities or total equity.

30. Comparative figures

Certain figures for the year ended 30 June 2010, which are included in 
this year’s consolidated financial statements for comparative purposes, 
have been reclassified to conform to current year’s presentation. The 
reclassification does not have any impact on net assets or net results.

The fair values of the Group’s investments in available for sale financial 
assets cannot be reliably measured and are therefore excluded from this 
disclosure. Due to numerous uncertainties regarding the future development 
of these investees, the fair value of the Group’s equity interest in these 
investments cannot be reliably measured and therefore have been stated at 
cost less impairment charges. 

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  83

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (cont.)

84   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Investing policy

1. Investment objectives 

VinaCapital Vietnam Opportunity Fund Ltd is a 
closed-end investment company incorporated 
in the Cayman Islands with the primary 
objective of achieving medium to long-term 
(3-5 years) capital appreciation and providing 
an attractive level of income, dividends and 
other distributions through investment in listed 
and unlisted companies, debt, private equity, 
real estate and other investment opportunities 
in Vietnam (primarily) and surrounding Asian 
countries Cambodia, Laos and Southern China. 

Investment manager:
VOF is managed by VinaCapital Investment 
Management Ltd (“VCIM” or the “Investment 
Manager”), a Cayman Islands company. VCIM 
was established in 2008 and manages a number 
of listed and unlisted investment companies. 
More information about the VCIM management 
team is available here. 

2. Investing policy

The Company will adhere to the following 
investment policies:

Type of investment:
Investments will be made in comparatively 
undervalued assets with the potential for value 
enhancement and realisation, for instance in listed 

and OTC securities, expansion capital for early 
and mid-stage companies, listed funds, distressed 
assets, NPL portfolios and Vietnamese assets 
of distressed overseas investors. The Company 
will engage in all forms of investment as allowed 
under the laws of each jurisdiction in which it 
operates, including but not limited to, listed and 
non-listed equity, debt, convertible loans, other 
assets, and other instruments and structures that 
may be suitable to allow participation in selected 
investment opportunities. 

Geographical focus: 
At least 70 percent of the Company’s gross assets 
will be invested in Vietnam or related to entities 
in other countries having substantial assets, 
liabilities, operations, revenues or income derived 
from Vietnam. Up to a maximum of 30 percent 
of the gross assets of the Company may also be 
invested in neighbouring Asian countries (namely 
China, Cambodia and Laos), should the Directors 
consider that such investments offer potentially 
attractive returns or portfolio diversification.

Sector focus:
Investment will primarily be made in key growth 
sectors of the economy as Vietnam modernises 
and domestic consumer demand develops 
with rising income levels, including retail and 
consumer goods, financial services, property and 
construction materials. The secondary focus will 

be on other expanding sectors such as tourism, 
manufacturing, infrastructure and export sectors 
where Vietnam has a comparative advantage.

Investment criteria: 
Key investment criteria will include:

• 

• 

• 

• 

  For investment in growth businesses, full 
use will be made of the established stock 
selection and analytical skills of the Manager 
and its advisers and the broad experience 
of the Directors to select enterprises which, 
in their opinion, have sound products and 
good growth prospects.
The Company will seek to identify 
businesses with a record of profit growth, 
with strong and motivated management 
teams who have adopted proven business 
models and which have the realistic 
potential of exit through trade sale, listing in 
Vietnam or in another country.
The Investment Manager will utilise its 
extensive sourcing capabilities in real 
estate investment and expertise in property 
development to selectively invest in projects 
to capitalise on ongoing demand/supply 
imbalances in the property sector.
The Directors in conjunction with the 
Investment Manager will also aim to achieve 
a balance in its exposure to different sectors. 
Furthermore, no single investment may at 

Contents

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Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  85

Investing policy

• 

the time of investment exceed 20 percent of 
the Net Asset Value of the Company.
It is the intention of the Company to be 
active in the development of a thoroughly 
researched and carefully selected portfolio 
of investments. The Directors intend that 
the portfolio will be developed in such a way 
as to take, where practicable, relatively large 
stakes in those enterprises which have met 
the Investment Manager’s criteria.

Exit strategy: 
The Company is a publicly listed investment 
company on the London Stock Exchange’s AIM 
Market. Investors are free to purchase and 
sell shares whenever they please. Concerning 
portfolio investments, the Company will aim to 
realise individual investments when the Board 
believes the realisation would be in the best 
interests of the Company, ideally within a five-
year time frame.

Cross holdings:
The Company may from time to time invest in 
listed shares of other closed-ended funds focused 
on Vietnam by selectively acquiring shares of 
such funds where the shares are currently trading 
at prices below the intrinsic value of the funds’ 
underlying assets. This includes among others, 
shares in Vinaland Limited (“VNL”) (AIM: VNL) 
and Vietnam Infrastructure Limited (AIM: VNI), 
closed-ended investment companies admitted to 

trading on the AIM market of the London Stock 
Exchange plc and also managed by VCIM.

In such cases, VOF will enter into irrevocable 
arrangements with an independent third party 
broker to specifically purchase on its behalf 
and within certain pre-set parameters, ordinary 
shares in VNL and VNI. VOF intends to acquire 
and hold shares of VNL and VNI via such 
arrangements on a rolling basis. Furthermore, 
only the Independent Directors of the VOF Board 
shall be authorised to provide instructions to the 
Independent Broker and to vote on behalf of VOF 
at any VNL and VNI shareholder meetings. 

VOF may waive its right of first refusal to take up 
to a 25 percent direct stake in new VNL projects, 
as contained in VNL’s admission documents. In 
addition, VinaCapital Investment Management 
Limited will rebate the management fees 
corresponding to the portion of VOF’s holding in 
VNL and VNI Shares to VOF. 

Leverage:
The Directors may exercise all the powers of the 
Company to borrow money and to mortgage 
or charge its undertaking, property and 
uncalled capital or any part thereof and to issue 
debentures, debenture stock, mortgages, bonds 
and other such securities whether outright or as 
security for any debt, liability or obligation of the 
Company or of any third party.

Other information:
• 

The Company will adhere to the above 
investment policies, in the absence of 
unforeseen circumstances, unless these 
are changed with the approval of a 
Shareholders resolution. Such changes may 
be prompted by changes in Government 
policies or economic conditions which 
change or introduce additional investment 
opportunities.
Cash pending investment, reinvestment or 
distribution will be placed in bank deposits, 
bonds or treasury securities, for the purpose 
of protecting the capital value of the 
Company’s cash assets.
In order to hedge against interest rate risks 
or currency risk, the Company may also 
enter into forward interest rate agreements, 
forward currency agreements, interest rates 
and bond futures contracts and interest rate 
swaps and purchase and write (sell) put or 
call options on interest rates and put or call 
options on futures on interest rates.

• 

• 

3. Valuation policy

The Net Asset Value and the Net Asset Value 
per share shall be calculated (and rounded 
to two decimal places), in US dollars by the 
Administrator (or such other person as the 
Directors may appoint for such purpose from 
time to time) on a monthly basis (or at such other 

86   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Report of the Board

Financial statements

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Investing policy

times as the Manager may determine but in any 
event at least quarterly).

The Net Asset Value shall be the value of all 
assets of the Company less the liabilities of the 
Company determined in accordance with the 
valuation guidelines adopted by the Directors 
from time to time. 

Under current valuation guidelines adopted by 
the Directors, such values shall be determined as 
follows:

• 

• 

The value of any cash in hand or on 
deposit, bills and demand notes and 
accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, cash 
dividends and interest declared or accrued 
as aforesaid and not yet, received shall 
be deemed to be the full amount thereof, 
unless in any case the Directors shall have 
determined that the same is unlikely to 
be paid or received in full, in which case 
the value thereof shall be arrived at after 
making such discount as the Directors may 
consider appropriate in such case to reflect 
the true value thereof;
The value of securities which are quoted or 
dealt in on any stock exchange (including 
any securities traded on an “over the 
counter market”) shall be based on the last 
traded prices on such stock exchange, or if 
there is more than one stock exchange on 

which the securities are traded or admitted 
for trading, that which is normally the 
principal stock exchange for such security, 
provided that any such securities which are 
not freely transferable, or which are not 
regularly traded, or which for any other 
reason are subject to limited marketability, 
shall be valued at a discount (the amount 
of such discount being determined by the 
Directors in their absolute discretion or in a 
manner so approved by the Directors);
As regards unquoted securities; 
Unquoted investments will initially be valued 
at cost price, which will include any expenses 
relating to their acquisition;
A revaluation of unquoted investments to 
a value in excess of or below cost may be 
made in the circumstances provided by and 
in accordance with the guidelines issued by 
the British Investment Fund Association or 
any successor body;
All other assets and liabilities shall be 
valued at their respective fair values as 
determined in good faith by the Directors 
and in accordance with generally accepted 
valuation principles and procedures;
Any value other than in US dollars shall be 
translated at any officially set exchange 
rate or appropriate spot market rate as 
the Directors deem appropriate in the 
circumstances having regard, inter alia, 

to any premium or discount which may be 
relevant and to costs of exchange.

If the Directors consider that any of the above 
bases of valuation are inappropriate in any 
particular case or generally, they may adopt 
such other valuation or valuation procedure as 
they consider is reasonable in the circumstances 
provided that such other valuation or valuation 
procedure has been approved by the Company’s 
auditors. The Directors may delegate to the 
Investment Manager any of their discretions under 
the valuation guidelines.

4. Co-investments 

The Investment Manager may from time to time 
manage other funds which have a similar or 
different investment objective and policy to that 
of the Company. Nevertheless, circumstances 
may arise where investment opportunities will 
be available to the Company and which are 
also suitable for one or more of the other funds 
managed by the Investment Manager. Where 
a conflict arises in respect of an investment 
opportunity, the Investment Manager will allocate 
the opportunity on a fair basis. In such event, the 
allocations will normally be made on a pro rata 
basis between the Company and the other funds 
based on the amounts available for investment in 
each fund at the time the investment opportunity 
arises. However, the Investment Manager will 

• 
• 

• 

• 

• 

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Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  87

Investing policy

be entitled to recommend to the Board the allocation of investment 
opportunities on a basis otherwise than as set out above if it deems it 
appropriate. In those circumstances the Board will determine what level of 
investment the Investment Manager may make on behalf of the Company.

5. Ordinary Shares 

It is intended that the Company’s income will consist wholly or mainly of 
investment income. The Directors currently intend to reinvest a large part 
of income to take advantage of opportunities meeting the Company’s 
investment and return objectives, and where suitable opportunities are not 
available to distribute substantially all of the Company’s income and capital 
gains to holders of the Ordinary Shares. The distribution of dividends may 
be made in the form of a tender offer to all shareholders at NAV for tax 
efficiency.

6. Life of the Company 

The Company does not have a fixed life but the Board considers it desirable 
that Shareholders should have the opportunity to review the future of 
the Company at appropriate intervals. Accordingly, the Board intends that 
a special resolution will be proposed every fifth year that the Company 
ceases to continue as presently constituted. If the resolution is not passed, 
the Company will continue to operate. If the resolution is passed, the 
Directors will be required to formulate proposals to be put to Shareholders 
to reorganise, unitise or reconstruct the Company or for the Company to 
be wound up. The Board tabled such a special resolution in 2008 and it was 
not passed, allowing the Company to continue as presently constituted. The 
next special resolution on the life of the Company will be held in 2013.

88   VOF Annual Report 2011     

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Historical financial information

Years ended 30 June

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

(381,067)

29,075

134,263

          (8,420)

(34,465)

(25,869)

(29,047)

        (27,214)

Statement of Income (USD’000)

Total income from ordinary activities

Total expenses from ordinary activities

Operating profit before income tax

Income tax expense

Profit for the year

Minority interests

Profit attributable to ordinary equity holders

Statement of financial position (USD’000)

Total assets

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share information

Basic earnings per share (cents per share)

Share price as 30 June

Ordinary share capital (thousand shares)

Market capitalisation at 30 June (USD'000)

Net asset value per ordinary share

Ratio

Return on average ordinary share holder’s funds

Dividend pay out as % avr. NAV

Investment management fees/avr. NAV

4,393

(1,522)

2,871

-

2,871

-

2,871

96,943

702

96,241

8

1.58

75,155

118,745

1.28

7.4%

0.6%

7.6%

111,529

(39,958)

75,572

-

75,572

523

75,049

277,942

33,012

244,930

76

2.32

122,657

283,951

2.00

58.2%

0.0%

12.8%

360,527

(95,164)

265,363

-

(415,532)

(125)

265,363

(415,657)

1,196

1,347

264,167

(417,004)

924,785

103,121

821,664

134

3.41

250,648

853,456

3.28

72.8%

0.0%

15.6%

723,614

54,727

668,877

(141)

2.16

324,610

699,535

2.06

-67.8%

0.0%

2.9%

3,206

(108)

3,098

(3,684)

6,782

718,023

36,111

681,912

2

1.43

324,610

462,569

2.10

1.1%

0.0%

2.0%

105,216

        (35,634)

211

                545 

105,005

        (36,179)

311

                106 

104,694

        (36,285)

793,820

        764,603 

11,319

          12,697 

782,501

        751,906 

32

                (11)

1.40

1.57

324,610

324,610

455,428

        509,313 

2.41

2.32

17.0%

0.0%

2.0%

-6.0%

0.0%

2.0%

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

VOF Annual Report 2011  89

90     
90   VOF Annual Report 2011     

VOF Annual Report 2011     

Contents

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Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

Overview and details

VOF details

Fund size  

Fund launch    

Term of fund    

Fund domicile  

Legal form  

Structure  

Auditor  

  USD752 million (NAV as of 30 June 2011).

  30 September 2003.

  Five years and then subject to shareholder vote to discontinue.

  Cayman Islands.

  Exempted company limited by shares.

  Single class of ordinary shares trading on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange plc.

  Grant Thornton (Vietnam).

Nominated advisor (Nomad)    

  Grant Thornton Corporate Finance (UK).

Custodian  

Brokers  

Lawyers  

  HSBC Trustee (HK).

LCF Edmond de Rothschild (UK), Numis Securities (UK)

Lawrence Graham (UK)

  Maples and Calder (Cayman Islands).

Management and performance fee     Management fee of 2 percent of NAV. Performance fee of 20 percent of total NAV increase over the higher  

Investment manager  

  VinaCapital Investment Management Ltd.

  of an 8 percent compound annual return and the high water mark.

Investment policy    

  Medium to long-term capital gains with some recurring income and short-term profit taking. Primary investment focus  

  areas are: Privately negotiated equity investments; Undervalued/distressed assets; Privatisation of state-owned  

  enterprises; Real estate; and Private placements into listed and OTC-traded companies.

Investment focus by geography    

  Greater Indochina comprising: Vietnam (minimum of 70 percent), Cambodia, Laos, and southern China.

Registered office   

  PO Box 309GT, Ugland House, South Church Street, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.

Contents

Highlights

Chairman’s statement

Manager’s report

Report of the Board

Financial statements

Fund information

91
VOF Annual Report 2011  91

VOF Annual Report 2011     

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ho Chi Minh City
17th Floor, Sun Wah Tower
115 Nguyen Hue Blvd., District 1
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Phone: +84-8 3821 9930
Fax: +84-8 3821 9931

Hanoi
5th Floor, Sun City Building
13 Hai Ba Trung Street,
Hoan Kiem Dist., Hanoi, Vietnam
Phone: +84-4 3936 4630
Fax: +84-4 3936 4629

Cambodia
Canadia Tower, 20th floor
No. 315, Ang Duong Street
Phnom-Penh, Cambodia
Phone: +855 23 99 66 88
Fax: +855 23 99 60 50

Singapore
6 Temasek Boulevard
#42-01 Suntec Tower 4
Singapore 038986
Phone: +65 6332 9081
Fax: +65 6333 9081

www.vinacapital.com