Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Packaging & Containers / Viskase Companies, Inc.

Viskase Companies, Inc.

vksc · OTC Consumer Cyclical
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Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Packaging & Containers
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2012 Annual Report · Viskase Companies, Inc.
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VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2012 

This report has been prepared in accordance with Section 4.19 of the Indenture dated 
as of December 21, 2009 among Viskase Companies, Inc. (the “Company”) and U.S. 
Bank National Association as trustee and as collateral agent (the “Trustee”). 

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VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. 

Table of Contents 

Section  1. 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 

Section  2. 

Risk Factors 

Section  3. 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations 

Section  4. 

Consolidated Financial Statements  

Page 

3 

4 

10 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SECTION 1. 

 CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This  report  includes  “forward-looking  statements.”  Forward-looking  statements  are  those  that  do  not 
relate solely to historical fact. Forward-looking statements in this report are made pursuant to the safe 
harbor  provisions  of  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.  These  statements  relate  to 
future events or our future financial performance and implicate known and unknown risks, uncertainties 
and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance or levels of activity of our business or 
our  industry  to  be  materially  different  from  that  expressed  or  implied  by  any  such  forward-looking 
statements  and  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance.  They  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  any 
statement  that  may  predict,  forecast,  indicate  or  imply  future  results,  performance,  achievements  or 
events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by use of words such as “believe,” 
“anticipate,”  “expect,”  “estimate,”  “intend,”  “project,”  “plan,”  “will,”  “would,”  “could,”  “predict,”  “propose,” 
“potential,” “may” or words or phrases of similar meaning. Statements concerning our financial position, 
business  strategy  and  measures  to  implement  that  strategy,  including  changes  to  operations, 
competitive strengths, goals, plans, references to future success and other similar matters are forward-
looking statements. Although it is not possible to identify all of the factors that may affect our financial 
position, business strategy and measures to implement that strategy, such factors may include, among 
others, the following: 

• 

• 

our ability to meet liquidity requirements and to fund necessary capital expenditures; 

the strength of demand for our products, prices for our products and changes in overall demand; 

•  market and industry conditions and changes in the relative market shares of industry participants; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

consumption patterns and consumer preferences in our markets; 

the effects of competition; 

our  ability  to  efficiently  respond  to  industry  changes  with  respect  to  technologies  affecting  our 
products; 

our ability to realize operating improvements and anticipated cost savings; 

pending or future legal proceedings and regulatory matters, or the impact of any adverse outcome 
of any currently pending or future litigation on the adequacy of our reserves, our financial condition 
or the ability to sell our products; 

general  economic  conditions  and  their  effect  on  our  business  both  in  the  United  States  and  in 
global markets; 

•   continued  expansion  of  the  middle  class  and  an  increasing  shift  towards  protein-rich  diets  in  the 

emerging markets in which we compete; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

changes in the cost or availability of raw materials and changes in other costs; 

pricing pressures for our products; 

the cost of and compliance with environmental laws and other governmental regulations; 

our ability to engage in capital markets transactions; 

our ability to protect our intellectual property; and 

our ability to implement our strategy for the future, including capitalizing on opportunities that may 
be presented to and pursued by us. 

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SECTION 2.  RISK FACTORS 

You should read the following risk factors related to our business carefully in connection with evaluating 
our business.  While we believe we have identified and discussed below the key risk factors affecting 
our business, there may be additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known or that are 
not currently believed to be significant that may adversely affect our business, performance or financial 
condition in the future. 

We face competitors that are better capitalized than we are, and the  continuous-flow nature of 
the  casings  manufacturing  process  forces  competitors  to  compete  based  on  price  in  order  to 
maintain volume, which could adversely affect our revenues and results. 

We  face  competition  in  the  United  States  and  internationally  from  competitors  that  may  have 
substantially  greater  financial  resources  than  we  have.  The  cellulosic  casings  industry  includes 
competitors  that  are  larger  and  better  capitalized  than  we  are.  Currently,  our  primary  competitors 
include Viscofan, S.A., Kalle Nalo GmbH, and VT Holding Group, although new competitors could enter 
the  market  or  competing  products  could  be  introduced.  Although  prices  for  small  diameter  cellulosic 
casings have experienced annual increases in recent years, and we believe that the current output in 
our industry is generally in balance with global demand and that levels of capacity utilization are high, 
the continuous-flow nature of the casings manufacturing process has historically required competitors in 
our industry to compete based on price in order to maintain volume, which could result in lower pricing 
in  future  years.  We  attempt  to  differentiate  our  products  on  the  basis  of  product  quality  and 
performance,  product  development,  service,  sales  and  distribution,  but  we  and  competitors  in  our 
industry  have  used  price  as  a  competitive  factor  in  an  attempt  to  obtain  greater  volumes.  If  prices 
decline, we may not be able to achieve profitability, whereas certain of our competitors who are better 
capitalized  may  be  positioned  to  absorb  such  price  declines.  Any  of  these  factors  could  result  in  a 
material reduction of our revenue, gross profit margins and operating results.   

Deteriorations of national and global general  economic conditions or disruptions in credit and 
other financial markets could adversely affect our business. 

Our  results  of  operations  are  affected  by  many  economic  factors,  including  the  strength  of  economic 
conditions  and  level  of  economic  development  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate.    Deterioration  of 
national and global economic conditions or disruptions in credit and other financial markets could result 
in  a  number  of  adverse  effects  to  our  business  and  our  results  of  operations,  including,  among  other 
things: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

making it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing for our operations; 

impairing the financial condition of some of our customers or suppliers, thereby increasing bad 
debts or non-performance; 

negatively impacting the demand for protein products, which could result in a reduction of sales, 
operating income and cash flows; and 

impairing the financial viability of our insurers. 

We  receive  our  raw  materials  from  a  limited  number  of  suppliers,  and  problems  with  our 
suppliers could impair our ability to meet our customers’ product demands. 

Our  principal  raw  materials,  paper  and  pulp,  constitute  an  important  aspect  and  cost  factor  of  our 
operations.    We  generally  purchase  our  paper  and  pulp  from  a  single  source  or  a  small  number  of 
suppliers.    Any  inability  of  our  suppliers  to  timely  deliver  raw  materials  or  any  unanticipated  adverse 
change in our suppliers could be disruptive and costly to us.  Our inability to obtain raw materials from 
our  suppliers  would  require  us  to  seek  alternative  sources.    These  alternative  sources  may  not  be 
adequate for all of our raw material needs, nor may  adequate raw material substitutes exist in a form 
that  our  processes  could  be  modified  to  use.    These  risks  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our 
sales volume, revenues, costs of goods sold and, ultimately, profit margins.  

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Our  failure  to  efficiently  respond  to  industry  changes  in  casings  technology  could  jeopardize 
our ability to retain our customers and maintain our market share or product volumes. 

We  and  other  participants  in  our  industry  have  considered  alternatives  to  cellulosic  casings  for  many 
years.  As  resin  technology  improves  or  other  technologies  develop,  alternative  casings  or  other 
manufacturing methods may be developed that threaten the long-term sustainability and profitability of 
our  cellulosic  casings,  which  is  our  core  product,  and  our  fibrous  casings.  Our  failure  to  anticipate, 
develop  or  efficiently  and  timely  integrate  or  respond  to  new  technologies  that  provide  viable 
alternatives to cellulosic casings, including plastic and film alternatives and co-extrusion technologies, 
may  cause  us  to  lose  customers,  market  share  or  product  volumes,  which,  in  turn,  would  negatively 
impact our revenues and operating results. 

Sales of our products could be negatively affected by problems or concerns with the safety and 
quality of food products. 

We could be adversely affected if consumers in the food markets were to lose confidence in the safety 
and quality of meat or poultry products, particularly with respect to processed meat or poultry products 
for which casings are used, such as hot dogs, deli meats and sausages. Outbreaks of, or even adverse 
publicity about the possibility of, diseases such as avian influenza and “mad cow disease,” food-borne 
pathogens such as E. coli and listeria and any other food safety problems or concerns relating to meat 
and  poultry  products  may  discourage  consumers  from  buying  such  products.  These  risks  could  also 
result  in  additional  governmental  regulations,  or  cause  production  and  delivery  disruptions  or  product 
recalls. Each of these risks could adversely affect the demand for our products, and consequently, our 
sales volumes and revenues. 

Changing dietary trends and consumer preferences could weaken the demand for our products. 

Various  medical  studies  detailing  the  health-related  attributes  of  particular  foods,  including  meat  and 
poultry  products,  affect  the  purchasing  patterns,  dietary  trends  and  consumption  preferences  of 
consumers.    These  patterns,  trends  and  preferences  are  routinely  changing.    For  example,  general 
dietary concerns about meat products, such as the cholesterol, calorie, sodium and fat content of such 
products, could result in reduced demand for such products, which would, in turn, cause a reduction in 
the demand for our products and a decrease in our sales volume and revenue. 

Our facilities are capital intensive, and we may not be able to obtain financing to fund necessary 
capital expenditures. 

Our business is capital intensive.  We operate eight manufacturing facilities, ten distribution centers and 
two service centers as part of our business.  We are required to make substantial capital expenditures 
and substantial repair and maintenance expenditures to maintain, repair, upgrade and expand existing 
equipment and facilities to  keep pace  with competitive developments.  In addition,  we  are required to 
invest in technological advances to maintain compliance with safety standards and environmental laws 
or  regulations.    We  spent  approximately  $38.6  million  for  capital  expenditures  in  2012  and  expect  to 
spend  approximately  $20.2  million  in  2013.    Depending  on  our  use  of  cash  and  other  liquidity 
considerations, we may be required to obtain additional financing to fund future capital expenditures.  If 
we  need  to  obtain  additional  funds,  we  may  not  be  able  to  do  so  on  terms  favorable  to  us,  or  at  all, 
which would ultimately negatively affect our production and operating results. 

Business  interruptions  at  any  of  our  production  facilities  could  increase  our  operating  costs, 
decrease our sales or cause us to lose customers. 

The reliability of our production facilities is critical to the success of our business.  In recent years, we 
have  streamlined  our  production  capacity  to  be  better  aligned  with  our  sales  volumes.    At  current 
operating levels, we have little or no excess production capacity for certain products.  If the operations 
of any of our manufacturing facilities were interrupted or significantly delayed for any reason, including 
labor stoppages, we may be unable to shift production to another facility without incurring a significant 
drop in production.  Such a drop in production would negatively affect our sales and our relationships 
with our customers.   

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We are subject to significant minimum contribution requirements and to market exposure with 
respect to our U.S. defined benefit plan, both of which could adversely affect our cash flow. 

We continue to have a substantial funding liability with respect to our U.S. defined benefit pension plan.  
As  of  December  31,  2012,  our  aggregate  minimum  funding  contribution  requirement  for  our  U.S. 
defined benefit plan from 2013 through 2017 is approximately $29.3 million and our unfunded pension 
liability was $59.0 million. These amounts could increase or decrease due to market factors, including 
actual and expected returns on plan assets, and the discount rate used to measure the liability. 

Our  international  sales  and  operations  expose  us  to  political  and  economic  risks  in  foreign 
countries,  as  well  as  to  risks  related  to  currency  fluctuations,  all  of  which  could  impair  our 
ability to do business at the international level. 

We  currently  have  manufacturing  or  sales  and  distribution  centers  in  eight  foreign  countries:  Brazil, 
Canada,  France,  Germany,  Italy,  Mexico,  Philippines  and  Poland.  Our  international  sales  and 
operations may be subject to various political and economic risks including, but not limited to: possible 
unfavorable exchange rate fluctuations or hyperinflation; changes in a country’s or region’s political or 
economic  conditions;  governmental  regulations,  including  import  and  export  controls;  tariffs;  limits  on 
the repatriation of funds; and taxes. Our sales to customers located outside the United States generally 
are subject to taxes on the repatriation of funds. In addition, international operations in certain parts of 
the world may be subject to international balance of payments difficulties that may raise the possibility 
of delay or loss in the collection of accounts receivable from sales to customers in those countries. Net 
sales  to  customers  located  outside  the  United  States  represented  approximately  70%  of  our  total  net 
sales in 2012 and approximately 71% of our total net sales in 2011. 

Should  any  of  these  risks  occur,  it  could  impair  our  ability  to  export  our  products  or  conduct  sales  to 
customers  located  outside  of  the  United  States  and  result  in  a  loss  of  sales  and  profits  from  our 
international operations.  

Continued consolidation of our customers and increasing competition for those customers may 
put pressure on our sales volumes and revenues. 

In  recent  years,  the  trend  among  our  customers  has  been  towards  consolidation  within  the  meat 
processing  industry.    These  consolidations  have  enhanced  the  purchasing  power  of  our  customers 
who, not being contractually obligated to purchase our products, tend to exert increased pressure with 
respect  to  pricing  terms,  product  quality  and  new  products.    As  our  customer  base  continues  to 
consolidate,  the  already  high  level  of  competition  for  the  business  of  fewer  customers  is  expected  to 
intensify.    If  we  do  not  continue  to  enhance  the  value  of  our  product  offering  in  a  way  that  provides 
greater benefit to our customers, our sales volumes and revenues could decrease. 

If we engage in strategic transactions, the terms of such transactions may not be advantageous 
to our business or we may be unable to effectively integrate a new business. 

In connection with our business strategies and goals of growth of our operations and market share, we 
may  seek  to  acquire,  merge  with,  enter  into  partnerships  with  or  enter  into  other  similar  transactions 
with,  other  companies,  including  companies  that  complement  our  existing  products,  technologies  or 
distribution, or  lower our costs, and  we regularly  engage  in discussions  with other companies  or their 
representatives  with  respect  to  such  transactions.  Nonetheless,  we  may  be  unable  to  identify  and 
successfully  acquire,  merge  with,  partner  with  or  enter  into  other  similar  transactions  with  suitable 
companies under terms advantageous to our business. If we do enter into such transactions, we may 
be  unable  to  efficiently  and  effectively  integrate  our  business  and  achieve  the  anticipated  synergies. 
The  integration  of  the  businesses  may  also  result  in  unforeseen  difficulties  that  require  a 
disproportionate  amount  of  our  management’s  attention  and  other  resources,  which,  in  turn,  may 
negatively affect our profitability. 

Our intellectual property rights may be inadequate or violated, or we may be subject to claims of 
infringement, both of which could negatively affect our financial condition. 

We  rely  on  a  combination  of  trademarks,  patents,  trade  secret  rights  and  other  rights  to  protect  our 
intellectual property. Our trademark or patent applications may not be approved and our trademarks or 

6 

 
 
patents  may  be  challenged  by  third  parties.  We  cannot  be  certain  that  the  steps  we  have  taken  will 
prevent the misappropriation of our intellectual property, particularly in foreign countries where the laws 
may  not  protect  our  rights  as  fully  as  the  laws  of  the  United  States.  From  time  to  time,  it  has  been 
necessary for us to enforce our intellectual property rights against infringements by third parties, and we 
expect to continue to do so in the ordinary course of our business. We also may be subjected to claims 
by others that we have violated their intellectual property rights. Even if we prevail, third party-initiated 
or  company-initiated  claims  may  be  time  consuming  and  expensive  to  resolve,  and  may  result  in  a 
diversion of our time and resources. The occurrence of any of these factors could diminish the value of 
our  trademark,  patent  and  intellectual  property  portfolio,  increase  competition  within  our  industry  and 
negatively impact our sales volume and revenues. 

Continued  compliance  with  environmental  regulations  may  result  in  significant  costs,  which 
could negatively affect our financial condition. 

Our  operations  are  subject  to  extensive  and  increasingly  stringent  environmental,  health  and  safety 
laws and regulations pertaining to the discharge of substances into the environment, the handling and 
disposition  of  wastes  and  land  reclamation  and  remediation  of  hazardous  substances.    We  are  also 
subject  to  differing  environmental  regulations  and  standards  due  to  the  fact  that  we  operate  in  many 
different countries.  Present and future environmental laws and regulations applicable to our operations 
may require substantial capital expenditures and may have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial condition and results of operations.   

Failure  to  comply  with  environmental  laws  and  regulations  can  have  serious  consequences  for  us, 
including  criminal  as  well  as  civil  and  administrative  penalties  and  negative  publicity.    Liability  under 
these  laws  and  regulations  involves  inherent  uncertainties.    In  addition,  continued  government  and 
public emphasis on environmental issues can be expected to result in increased future investments for 
environmental  controls  at  ongoing  operations,  which  will  be  charged  against  income  from  future 
operations.  

We  have  incurred,  and  will  continue  to  incur,  significant  capital  and  operating  expenditures  to  comply 
with  various  environmental  laws  and  regulations.    Additional  environmental  requirements  imposed  in 
the future, including pending legislation and regulations in the United States concerning the emission of 
carbon  dioxide  and  other  greenhouse  gases,  could  require  currently  unanticipated  investigations, 
assessments or expenditures and may require us to incur significant additional costs. As the nature of 
these potential requirements and future charges is unknown, management is not able to estimate the 
magnitude of future costs, and we have not accrued any reserve for any potential future costs. At this 
time we cannot be certain that such legislation or regulations will not have a material adverse effect on 
our business, financial condition or results of operations.  

Some of our facilities have been in operation for many years.  During that time, we and previous owners 
of  these  facilities  may  have  generated  and  disposed  of  wastes  that  are  or  may  be  considered 
hazardous or may have polluted the soil or groundwater at our facilities, including adjacent properties.  
Some environmental regulations impose liability on certain categories of persons who are deemed to be 
responsible for the release of “hazardous substances” or other pollutants into the environment, without 
regard to fault or to the legality of such person’s conduct.  Under certain circumstances, a party may be 
required  to  bear  more  than  its  proportional  share  of  cleanup  costs  at  a  contaminated  site  for  which  it 
has  liability  if  payments  sufficient  to  remediate  the  site  cannot  be  obtained  from  other  responsible 
parties. 

Our  substantial  level  of  indebtedness  could  adversely  affect  our  results  of  operations,  cash 
flows and ability to compete in our industry, which could, among other things, prevent us from 
fulfilling our obligations under our debt agreements.  

We have substantial indebtedness. In addition, subject to restrictions in the indenture (the “Indenture”) 
governing our 9.875%  Senior Secured Notes due 2018 (the “9.875% Senior Secured Notes”) and the 
credit  agreement  governing  our  revolving  credit  facility,  we  may  incur  additional  indebtedness.  As  of 
December  31,  2012,  we  had  approximately  $214.7  million  of  total  debt,  exclusive  of  additional 
indebtedness that we may borrow under our revolving credit facility. 

Our high level of indebtedness has important implications, including the following:   

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• 

• 

• 

if we fail to satisfy  our obligations under our indebtedness, or fail to comply  with the restrictive 
covenants contained in the Indenture or our revolving credit facility, it may result in an event of 
default,  all  of  our  indebtedness  could  become  immediately  due  and  payable,  and  our  lenders 
could foreclose on our assets securing such indebtedness following the occurrence and during 
the continuance of an event of default; 

a  default  under  either  the  Indenture  or  our  revolving  credit  facility  could  trigger  cross-defaults 
under other key agreements or leases; and  

repayment of our indebtedness may require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow 
from  our  business  operations,  thereby  reducing  the  availability  of  cash  flow  to  fund  working 
capital, capital   expenditures, development projects, general operational requirements and other 
purposes.  

We expect to obtain the funds to pay  our expenses and to repay our indebtedness primarily from our 
operations  and,  in  the  case  of  our  indebtedness,  from  refinancings  thereof.    Our  ability  to  meet  our 
expenses and make these payments thus depends on our future performance, which will be affected by 
financial, business, economic and other factors, many of which we cannot control.  Our business may 
not  generate  sufficient  cash  flow  from  operations  in  the  future  and  our  currently  anticipated  growth  in 
revenue and cash flow may not be realized, either or both of which could result in our being unable to 
repay  indebtedness,  or  to  fund  other  liquidity  needs.    If  we  do  not  have  enough  funds,  we  may  be 
required to refinance all or part of our then existing  debt, sell assets or borrow  more funds, which  we 
may not be able to accomplish on terms acceptable to us, or at all.  In addition, the terms of existing or 
future debt agreements may restrict us from pursuing any of these alternatives.  

Despite  current  indebtedness  levels,  we  and  our  subsidiaries  may  still  be  able  to  incur 
substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial 
leverage. 

We  and  our  subsidiaries  may  be  able  to  incur  substantial  additional  indebtedness  in  the  future. 
Although  the  Indenture  and  our  revolving  credit  facility  contain  restrictions  on  the  incurrence  of 
additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and 
the indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. For example, we 
have the ability to borrow up to $25 million under our revolving credit facility, which is secured by liens 
on substantially all of our personal and real property assets, with certain exceptions.  We may not be 
able  to  generate  the  significant  amount  of  cash  needed  to  pay  interest  and  principal  amounts  on  our 
debt,  including  the  9.875%  Senior  Secured  Notes,  which  could  result  in  our  inability  to  fulfill  our 
obligations under our indebtedness. 

A substantial portion of our business is conducted through foreign subsidiaries, and our failure 
to generate sufficient cash flow from these subsidiaries, or otherwise repatriate or receive cash 
from these subsidiaries, could result in our inability to repay our indebtedness.  

Our sales to customers located outside the United States are conducted primarily through subsidiaries 
organized under the laws of jurisdictions outside of the United States.  For the year ended December 
31,  2012,  our  foreign  restricted  subsidiaries  contributed  approximately  52%  of  our  consolidated 
revenues.  As of December 31, 2012, 48% of our consolidated assets, based on carrying value, were 
held  by  foreign  subsidiaries.    Our  ability  to  meet  our  debt  service  obligations  with  cash  from  foreign 
subsidiaries  will  depend  upon  the  results  of  operations  of  these  subsidiaries  and  may  be  subject  to 
contractual  or  other  restrictions  and  other  business  considerations.      In  particular,  to  the  extent  our 
foreign subsidiaries  incur  additional indebtedness  to  expand their operations, the ability  of our foreign 
subsidiaries to provide us cash may be limited.  In addition, dividend and interest payments to us from 
our foreign subsidiaries may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, which would reduce the amount of 
funds  we  receive  from  such  foreign  subsidiaries.    Dividends  and  other  distributions  from  our  foreign 
subsidiaries  may  also  be  subject  to  fluctuations  in  currency  exchange  rates  and  restrictions  on 
repatriation, which could further reduce the amount of funds we receive from such foreign subsidiaries. 

The Indenture and  agreements governing our other indebtedness impose  significant operating 
and  financial  restrictions,  which  may  prevent  us  from  pursuing  certain  business  opportunities 
and may hamper our operations.   

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Indenture  and  the  credit  agreement  governing  our  revolving  credit  facility  impose  significant 
operating  and  financial  restrictions  on  us.    These  restrictions  restrict  our  ability  to  take  advantage  of 
potential  business  opportunities  as  they  arise  and  may  adversely  affect  the  conduct  of  our  current 
business.  More specifically, they restrict our ability to, among other things:   

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

incur additional indebtedness or issue disqualified capital stock; 

pay dividends, redeem subordinated debt or make other restricted payments; 

make certain investments or acquisitions; 

issue stock of subsidiaries;  

grant or permit certain liens on our assets; 

enter into certain transactions with affiliates; 

merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all of our assets; 

incur payment restrictions affecting certain of our subsidiaries; 

transfer, sell or acquire assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; and 

change the business we conduct.  

The  credit  agreement  governing  our  revolving  credit  facility  also  requires  us  to  meet  a  number  of 
financial  ratios  and  tests.    Compliance  with  these  financial  ratios  and  tests  may  adversely  affect  our 
ability  to  adequately  finance  our  operations  or  capital  needs  in  the  future  or  to  pursue  attractive 
business  opportunities  that  may  arise  in  the  future.    Our  ability  to  meet  these  ratios  and  tests  and  to 
comply with other provisions governing our indebtedness may be adversely affected by our operations 
and by changes in economic or business conditions or other events beyond our control.  Our failure to 
comply  with  our  debt-related  obligations  could  result  in  an  event  of  default  under  our  indebtedness, 
resulting  in  accelerated  repayment  obligations  and  giving  our  secured  creditors  certain  rights  against 
our collateral.  

The  interests  of  our  controlling  stockholder  may  be  not  aligned  with  the  interests  of  other 
stockholders or the interests of the holders of the 9.875% Senior Secured Notes. 

To  our  knowledge,  Icahn  Enterprises,  L.P.  holds  a  total  of  approximately  71.4%  of  our  outstanding 
shares of common stock. As a result, Icahn Enterprises presently has and will continue to have voting 
power  sufficient  to  control  the  election  of  our  board  of  directors  and  stockholder  voting  on  decisions 
relating to fundamental corporate actions, including potential mergers, consolidations or sales of all or 
substantially  all  of  our  assets.  Currently,  five  employees  of  Icahn  Enterprises  or  affiliates  of  Icahn 
Enterprises are designated members of our board of directors, which is comprised of nine directors. In 
addition,  Icahn  Enterprises  is  the  lender  under  our  revolving  credit  facility.  It  is  possible  that  the 
interests of Icahn Enterprises and its affiliates could conflict in certain circumstances with the interests 
of our other stockholders or the interests of the holders of the 9.875% Senior Secured Notes. 

Our business operations could be significantly disrupted if members of our senior management 
team were to leave. 

Our  success  depends  to  a  significant  degree  upon  the  continued  contributions  of  our  senior 
management  team.  Our  senior  management  team  has  extensive  manufacturing,  finance  and 
engineering  experience  as  well  as  longstanding  contacts  in  the  industry  and  with  our  customers,  and 
we believe that the depth of our management team is instrumental to our continued success. While we 
have  entered  into  an  employment  agreement  with  our  chief  executive  officer,  the  loss  of  any  of  the 
members  of  our  senior  management  team  in  the  future  could  significantly  impede  our  ability  to 
successfully  implement  our  business  strategy,  financial  plans,  new  product  offerings,  marketing  and 
other objectives. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SECTION 3.  MANAGEMENT'S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND                  
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read 
in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere 
in  this  report.  The  statements  in  this  discussion  regarding  market  conditions  and  outlook,  our 
expectations regarding our future performance, liquidity and capital resources and other non-historical 
statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and 
uncertainties  described  under  “Cautionary  Statement  Regarding  Forward-Looking  Statements.”  Our 
actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  those  contained  in  or  implied  by  any  forward-looking 
statements. 

Company Overview 

Viskase Companies, Inc. (“we” or the “Company”) is  a worldwide leader in the  production and sale of 
cellulosic, fibrous and plastic casings for the processed meat and poultry industry. We currently operate 
eight manufacturing facilities and ten distribution centers in North America, Europe, South America and 
Asia  and  we  derive  approximately  70%  of  total  net  sales  from  customers  located  outside  the  United 
States. The Company has completed the construction of a shirring plant in the Philippines to serve the 
Asian market.  The plant is operating on a limited basis and is expected to be scaled up over several 
years in accordance with our growth expectations for the Asian market.  Capital investment for  2012, 
including machinery,  was  $7 million for the Philippines project,  with total capital investment to  date of 
$13.6  million  on  the  project.    We  anticipate  that  an  additional  $2  million  of  equipment  will  be  added 
during the period from 2013 through 2016. 

We believe we are one of the two largest manufacturers of non-edible cellulosic casings for processed 
meats  and  one  of  the  three  largest  manufacturers  of  non-edible  fibrous  casings.  Our  management 
believes that the factors most critical to the success of our business are: 

•  maintaining  and  building  upon  our  reputation  for  providing  a  high  level  of  customer  and  technical            

services; 

•  maintaining and building upon our long-standing customer relationships, many of which have  

continued for decades; 

•  developing additional sources of revenue through new products and services;  

•  penetrating new regional markets; and 

•  continuing to streamline our cost structure. 

Our net sales are driven by consumer demand for processed meat and poultry products and the level of 
demand  for  casings  by  processed  meat  manufacturers,  as  well  as  the  average  selling  prices  of  our 
casings  and  competitive  activity.  Specifically,  demand  for  our  casings  is  dependent  on  population 
growth, overall consumption of processed meat and poultry products and the types of meat and poultry 
products  purchased  by  consumers.  Average  selling  prices  are  dependent  on  overall  supply  and 
demand for casings, our product mix and competitive activity. 

Factors Affecting Operating Results and Outlook 

The following is a discussion of some of the key factors that have in the past and are likely in the future 
to affect operating results. 

Selling  price.    Selling  price  is  the  biggest  driver  of  our  operating  income.    Accordingly,  management 
focuses intensely on the selling prices of our products to ensure that pricing remains competitive. 

Effect  of  Changes  in  Exchange  Rates.  Our  results  of  operations  are  affected  by  changes  in  foreign 
exchange  rates.  In  addition  to  those  markets  in  which  we  price  our  products  in  U.S.  dollars,  we  price 
products in certain of our foreign operations in Euros and Brazilian Reals. As a result, a decline in the 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
value  of  the  U.S.  dollar  relative  to  the  local  currencies  of  profitable  foreign  subsidiaries  can  have  a 
favorable effect on our profitability, and an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the local 
currencies of profitable foreign subsidiaries can have a negative effect on our profitability.  

Labor costs.  In recent  years, we  have taken many actions to reduce  our labor  costs to the minimum 
sustainable  level.    We  have  made  our  defined  contribution  plan  payments  variable  to  financial 
performance  targets.    We  have  moved  manufacturing  facilities  to  lower  cost  countries.    We  have 
increased medical care deductibles and other employee costs, and  we have cut our workforce levels.  
We believe that our labor costs as a percentage of sales will be maintained for the foreseeable future. 

Raw  material  and  energy  costs.   While  labor  is  the  highest  cost  component  of  our  product,  materials 
and energy are nearly as important.  We experienced price increases for certain key raw materials  in 
2012  following  similar  increases  in  2011.  We  continue  to  look  for  additional  suppliers  for  our  key 
materials in order to obtain the lowest prices available.   

Results  of  Operations  Fiscal  Year  Ended  December  31,  2012  Compared  to  Fiscal  Year  Ended 
December 31, 2011. 

The  following  discussion  compares  the  results  of  operations  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31, 
2012 to the results of operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.  We have provided the 
following table in order to facilitate an understanding of this discussion (dollars in millions): 

Year
Ended
December 31,
2012

%
Change
Over
2011

Year
Ended
December 31,
2011

%
Change
Over
2010

Year
Ended
December 31,
2010

NET SALES

$342.5

0.9%

$339.4

7.3%

$316.2

COST AND EXPENSES 
Cost of sales 
Selling, general and administrative 
Amortization of intangibles 
Restructuring expense
OPERATING INCOME 

Interest income 
Interest expense 
Other (expense) income, net 
Post retirement benefits curtailment gain
Income tax expense 

NET INCOME

261.3
45.3
.5
.6
34.9

-
21.0
(1.4)
-
4.7

$7.9

0.1%
6.3%
0.0%
NM
-0.9%

NM
-1.1%
53.6%
NM
-12.6%

-0.9%

261.1
42.6
.5

-
35.3

.2
21.2
(.9)
-
5.4

$7.9

12.1%
-7.0%
0.0%
NM
-4.7%

-36.4%
2.1%
NM
NM
223.8%

-49.1%

233.0
45.8
.5

-
37.0

.3
20.8
.1
.6
1.7

$15.6

NM = Not meaningful when comparing positive to negative numbers or to zero.

Net  Sales.  Our  net  sales  for  fiscal  2012  were  $342.5  million,  which  represents  a  increase  of  $3.1 
million, or 0.9%, from fiscal 2011.  Net sales increased of $7.7 million due to volume and $13.2 million 
due  to  price  and  product  mix,  partially  offset  by  an  decrease  of  $17.8  million  due  to  foreign  currency 
translation. 

Cost  of  Sales.  Cost  of  sales  for  fiscal  2012  increased  $0.2  million,  or  0.1%  over  fiscal  2011.  Cost  of 
sales  increased  due  to  growth  in  unit  volume,  higher  raw  material  costs,  energy  prices,  depreciation 
and  pension  expense,  partically  offset  by  foreign  currency  translation  and  improved  manufacturing 
efficiencies.   

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 
from  $42.6  million  to  $45.3  million  for  fiscal  2012.  The  increase  in  expense  during  fiscal  2012  is 
primarily  from  higher  one-time  employee  costs,  infrastructure  spending  for  developing  markets  and 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
 
 
 
pension expense.  This was partially offset by a $1.1 million decrease in legal expense related to patent 
litigation and by foreign currency translation. 

Restructuring  Expenses.  Restructuring  expenses  of  $0.6  million  were  recognized  during  fiscal  2012.  
The Company recognized the expense with the restructuring of its German subsidiary. 

Operating  Income.  The  operating  income  for  fiscal  2012  decreased  0.9%,  or  $0.4  million,  from  fiscal 
2011.  The decrease in operating income resulted primarily from foreign currency translation, one-time 
employee costs, depreciation, pension expense and infrastructure spending in developing markets. 

Interest  Expense.  Interest  expense  for  fiscal  2012  totaled  $21.0  million,  which  is  a  decrease  of  $0.2 
million compared to fiscal 2011.  The decrease is principally due to higher capitalized interest. 

Other  Expense.  Other  expense,  net  of  other  income,  of  approximately  $1.4  million  for  fiscal  2012 
increased $0.5 million compared to fiscal 2011.  The increase is due principally to losses from foreign 
currency transactions. 

Income Tax Provision. Income tax expense for fiscal 2012 decreased $0.7 million over fiscal 2011.  The 
decrease  was  principally  related  to  income  tax  expense  on  the  results  of  operations  of  foreign 
subsidiaries.   

Primarily as a result of the factors discussed above, net income for fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 was $7.9 
million. 

Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2010 

The  following  discussion  compares  the  results  of  operations  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31, 
2011 to the results of operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.   

Net Sales. Our net sales for fiscal 2011 increased 7.3%, or $23.2 million, from fiscal 2010.  Net sales 
increased  $19.3  million  due  to  volume  and  $8.2  million  due  to  foreign  currency  translation,  partially 
offset by a decrease of $4.3 million due to product mix and price. 

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales for fiscal 2011 increased 12.1%, or $28.1 million, over fiscal 2010. Cost of 
sales  increased  due  to  growth  in  unit  volume,  higher  raw  material  costs  and  foreign  currency 
translation.   

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased  
$3.2 million to $42.6 for fiscal 2011, primarily as the result of a decrease in legal expense of $3.6 million 
in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010.   

Operating  Income.  The  operating  income  for  fiscal  2011  decreased  4.7%,  or  $1.7  million,  from  fiscal 
2010.  The  decrease  in  the  operating  income  resulted  primarily  from  the  decreased  gross  margin  on 
higher sales volume offset by lower selling, general and administrative expenses. 

Interest  Expense.  Interest  expense  for  fiscal  2011  totaled  $21.2  million,  which  is  an  increase  of  $0.4 
from the prior year period.  The increase is principally due to higher long term borrowing for 2011 offset 
by increased capitalized interest. 

Other (Expense) Income. Other expense, net of other income, was approximately $0.9 million for fiscal 
2011 compared to other income of $0.1 million for fiscal 2010.  The increase in expense for 2011 is due 
principally to losses on foreign currency translation compared to the gain on foreign currency translation 
in 2010. 

Post  Retirement  Benefits  Curtailment  Gain.  During  fiscal  2010,  an  estimated  curtailment  gain  of  $0.6 
million was recognized for the freeze of the defined benefit pension plan for U.S. employees covered by 
a collective bargaining agreement. 

Income  Tax  Expense.  During  fiscal  2011,  a  tax  provision  of  $5.4  million  was  recorded  against  pretax 
book income of $13.4 million.  During fiscal 2010, a tax provision of $1.7 million was recorded against 

12 

 
 
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
pretax book income of $17.3 million.  The tax provisions are principally relating to income tax expense 
on the results of operations of foreign subsidiaries. 

Primarily as a result of the gross margin decrease, other expense and tax provision discussed above, 
net income for fiscal 2011 was $7.9 million compared to net income of $15.6 million for fiscal 2010. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

We  do  not  have  off-balance  sheet  arrangements,  financing,  or  other  relations  with  unconsolidated 
entities  or  other  persons,  except  for  operating  leases  included  in  the  contractual  obligations  table  set 
forth below under “Liquidity and Capital Resources”.    

Contingencies 

During  2005,  Viskase  Brasil  Embalagens  Ltda.  (“Viskase  Brazil”)  received  three  tax  assessments  by 
São Paulo tax authorities with respect to Viskase Brazil’s alleged failure to pay Value Added and Sales 
and Services Tax (“ICMS”) levied on the importation of raw materials, and sales of goods in and out of 
the State of São Paulo, and alleged improper credits taken, from 2000 through 2005.  In late December 
2012,  São  Paulo  issued  a  Decree  announcing  a  Special  Installment  Program  (“PEP  Program”)  for 
eligible  companies  that  wish  to  settle  alleged  ICMS  liabilities  arising  prior  to  July  31,  2012.  The  PEP 
Program offers significant reductions in interest and penalties to companies that choose to participate.  
Viskase  Brazil  is  currently  reviewing  the  terms  of  the  PEP  Program.  Viskase  Brazil  has  vigorously 
defended  against  these  assessments  in  administrative  and/or  judicial  proceedings  since  receipt,  and 
continues to do so. 

In addition, the Company from time to time is involved in various other legal proceedings, none of which 
are  expected  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect  upon  results  of  operations,  cash  flows  or  financial 
condition. 

Effect of Changes in Exchange Rates 

In general, our results of operations are affected by changes in foreign exchange rates. In addition to 
those markets in which we price our products in U.S. dollars, we price products in certain of our foreign 
operations in Euros and Brazilian Reals. As a result, a decline in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to 
the local currencies of profitable foreign subsidiaries can have a favorable effect on our profitability, and 
an  increase  in  the  value  of  the  U.S.  dollar  relative  to  the  local  currencies  of  profitable  foreign 
subsidiaries can have a negative effect on our profitability.  

Financial Instruments 

The Company routinely enters into fixed price natural gas agreements which require us to purchase a 
portion  of  our  natural  gas  each  month  at  fixed  prices.   These  fixed  price  agreements  qualify  for  the 
“normal purchases” scope exception under derivative and hedging standards, and therefore the natural 
gas purchases under these contracts are expensed as incurred and included within cost of sales. As of 
December  31,  2012,  future  annual  minimum  purchases  remaining  under  the  agreements  are  $0.8 
million.   

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

As of December 31, 2012, the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $31.1 million 
and restricted cash of $1.1 million, which secures letters of credit. For the year ended December 31, 
2012,  cash  flows  provided  by  operating  activities  were  $2.8  million,  cash  flows  used  in  investing 
activities  were  $38.5  million,  and  cash  flows  provided  by  financing  activities  were  $0.7  million.  Cash 
flows used in operating activities were principally attributable to the changes in operating assets of the 
Company. Cash flows used in investing activities were principally attributable to capital expenditures.  
As  of  December  31,  2012  and  December  31,  2011,  cash  held  in  foreign  banks  was  $12,905  and 
$13,551, respectively. 

Set forth below is a table of our material capital expenditures and research and development costs for 
fiscal 2011 and 2012 and projected commitments for fiscal 2013: 

13 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Project

Projected

2011

2012

2013

(millions)

(millions)

(millions)

Manufacturing growth capital expenditures 

 $    25.7 

 $   27.1 

 $       8.5 

Other capital expenditures

Research and development costs

 $    11.6 

 $   11.5 

 $     11.7 

 $      3.7 

 $     3.8 

 $       4.2 

Management believes that the existing resources available to the Company will be adequate to satisfy 
current and planned operations for at least the next twelve months. 

The  following  table  details  the  contractual  cash  obligations  for  long-term  debt  and  related  interest, 
pension  obligations,  operating  leases  and  capital  leases  as  of  December  31,  2012.  (in  millions  of 
dollars): 

Payment Due by Pay Period

Less than 

More than 

Contractual Obligations
Long-term debt (1)
Cash interest obligations

Pension obligations

Operating leases

Capital leases
Total

Total

 1 year

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

5 years

$216.1

116.6

65.6

23.0

0.9
$422.2

-

21.2

4.3

4.5

0.5
$30.5

-

21.2

7.0

3.3

0.3
$31.8

-

21.2

6.0

2.5

0.1
$29.8

-

21.2

5.0

2.3

-
$28.5

-

21.2

7.0

1.1

-
$29.3

$216.1

10.6

36.3

9.3

-
$272.3

The aggregate maturities of debt represent amounts to be paid at maturity and not 

 (1) 
the current carrying value of the debt. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  includes  the  use  of  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  a 
number  of  amounts  included  in  the  Company’s  financial  statements,  including,  among  other  things, 
pensions and other postretirement benefits and related disclosures, reserves for excess and obsolete 
inventory,  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts,  and  income  taxes.  Management  bases  its  estimates  on 
historical  experience  and  other  assumptions  that  it  believes  are  reasonable.  If  actual  amounts  are 
ultimately different from previous estimates, the revisions are included in the Company’s results for the 
period  in  which  the  actual  amounts  become  known.  Historically,  the  aggregate  differences,  if  any, 
between the Company’s estimates and actual amounts in any year have not had a significant effect on 
the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenues are recognized at the time products are shipped to the customer, under F.O.B shipping point 
or F.O.B port terms, which is the point at which title is transferred, the customer has the assumed risk of 
loss, and when payment has been received or collection is reasonably assumed.  Revenues are net of 
discounts,  rebates  and  allowances.   Viskase  records  all  labor,  raw  materials,  in-bound  freight,  plant 
receiving  and  purchasing,  warehousing,  handling  and  distribution  costs  as  a  component  of  costs  of 
goods sold. 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable 

Accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for amounts that may become uncollectible in 
the future. This estimated allowance is primarily based upon our evaluation of the financial condition of 
each customer, each customer’s ability to pay and historical write-offs.  

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for Obsolete and Slow Moving Inventories 

Inventories  are  valued  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  market.  The  inventories  have  been  reduced  by  an 
allowance  for  slow  moving  and  obsolete  inventories.  The  estimated  allowance  is  based  upon 
management’s estimate of specifically identified items, the age of the inventory and historical write-offs 
of obsolete and excess inventories.  

Income Taxes 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax laws and tax rates expected to apply 
to taxable  income in the  years in  which  those temporary differences are expected to  be recovered  or 
settled.  The  effect  on  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  due  to  a  change  in  tax  rates  is  recognized  in 
income  in  the  period  that  includes  the  enactment  date.  In  addition,  the  amounts  of  any  future  tax 
benefits  are  reduced  by  a  valuation  allowance  to  the  extent  such  benefits  are  not  expected  to  be 
realized on a more likely than not basis. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are 
included as a component of tax expense. 

Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans 

Using  appropriate  actuarial  methods  and  assumptions,  the  Company’s  defined  benefit  pension  plans 
and  non-pension  postretirement  benefits  are  accounted  for  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States of America. 

Actual  results  that  differ  from  assumptions  used  are  accumulated  and  amortized  over  future  periods 
and,  accordingly,  generally  affect  recognized  expense  and  the  recorded  obligation  in  future  periods. 
Therefore,  assumptions  used  to  calculate  benefit  obligations  as  of  the  end  of  a  fiscal  year  directly 
impact  the  expense  to  be  recognized  in  future  periods.  The  primary  assumptions  affecting  the 
Company’s accounting for employee benefits under GAAP as December 31, 2012 are as follows:  

• 

• 

Long-term  rate  of  return  on  plan  assets:  The  required  use  of  the  expected  long-term  rate  of 
return  on  plan  assets  may  result  in  recognized  returns  that  are  greater  or  less  than  the  actual 
returns on those plan assets in any given year. Over time, however, the expected long-term rate 
of  return  on  plan  assets  is  designed  to  approximate  actual  earned  long-term  returns.  The 
Company  uses  long-term  historical  actual  return  information,  the  mix  of  investments  that 
comprise  plan  assets,  and  future  estimates  of  long-term  investment  returns  by  reference  to 
external  sources  to  develop  an  assumption  of  the  expected  long-term  rate  of  return  on  plan 
assets. The expected long-term rate of return is used to calculate net periodic pension cost. In 
determining its pension obligations, the Company is using a long-term rate of return on U.S. plan 
assets  of  7.75%  for  2012.    The  Company  is  using  a  long-term  rate  of  return  on  French  plan 
assets of 3.50% for 2012.  The German pension plan has no assets.   

Discount  rate:  The  discount  rate  is  used  to  calculate  future  pension  and  postretirement 
obligations.      The  Company  is  using  a  Mercer  Bond  yield  curve  in  determining  its  pension 
obligations. The Company is using a discount rate of 4.18% for 2012.  The Company is using a 
weighted average discount rate of 3.69% on its non-U.S. pension plans for 2012.  

Fair Value Measurements  

Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidance establishes a three-tiered hierarchy of inputs 
to establish a classification of fair value measurements for disclosure purposes. The hierarchy gives the 
highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1  
measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB guidance are as follows:  

Level 1 - Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the 
reporting  entity  has  the  ability  to  access  at  the  measurement  date.  An  active  market  for  the  asset  or 
liability  is  a  market  in  which  transactions  for  the  asset  or  liability  occur  with  sufficient  frequency  and 
volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.  

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Level 2 - Inputs are other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or 
liability, either directly or indirectly, including:  

•  

•  

•  

•  

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.  

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets.  

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities (including  
volatilities).  

Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by  
correlation or other means.  

If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, the Level 2 input must be observable  
for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.  

Level 3 - Inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability (including the entity's own assumptions about 
the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability) and significant to the 
fair value measurement.  

The  asset's  or  liability's  fair  value  measurement  level  within  the  fair  value  hierarchy  is  based  on  the 
lowest  level  of  any  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value  measurement.  Valuation  techniques  used 
need to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  

The Company uses fair value measurements in determing the value of its pension plan assets.  

Property, Plant and Equipment 

The  Company  carries  property,  plant  and  equipment  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation.  Property 
and equipment additions include acquisition of property and equipment and costs incurred for computer 
software purchased for internal use including related external direct costs of materials and services and 
payroll  costs  for  employees  directly  associated  with  the  project.  Depreciation  is  computed  on  the 
straight-line method using a half year convention over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging 
from (i) building and improvements - 10 to 32 years, (ii) machinery and equipment - 4 to 12 years, (iii) 
furniture and fixtures - 3 to 12 years, (iv) auto and trucks - 2 to 5 years and (v) leasehold improvements 
-  shorter  of  lease  or  useful  life.    Upon  retirement  or  other  disposition,  cost  and  related  accumulated 
depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any gain or loss is included in results of operations. 

In the ordinary course of business, we lease certain equipment, and certain real property, consisting of 
manufacturing  and  distribution  facilities  and  office  facilities.    Most  of  such  leases  as  of  December  31, 
2012  were  operating  leases,  with  the  majority  of  those  leases  requiring  us  to  pay  maintenance, 
insurance and real estate taxes.  

Long-Lived Assets 

The Company continues to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets including property, plant and 
equipment and patents. Impairments are recognized when the expected undiscounted future operating 
cash flows derived from long-lived assets are less than their carrying value. If impairment is identified, 
valuation techniques deemed appropriate under the particular circumstances will be used to determine 
the  asset’s  fair  value.  The  loss  will  be  measured  based  on  the  excess  of  carrying  value  over  the 
determined  fair  value.  The  review  for  impairment  is  performed  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. 

New Accounting Pronouncements 

There  have  been  no  recent  accounting  pronouncements  or  changes  in  accounting  pronouncements 
during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  that  are  of  significance  or  potential  significance  to  the 
Company. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SECTION 4.    CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND   

           SUBSIDIARIES 

1. 

Financial Statements: 

Report of Independent Certified Public Accountants 

    Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 

Consolidated  Statements  of  Income for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012, 
2011 and 2010 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the years ended 
December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 

                      Consolidated  Statements  of  Stockholders'  Equity  (Deficit)  for  the  years  ended 

December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 
2011 and 2010 

2. 

        Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS 

Audit (cid:150) Tax (cid:150) Advisory 

Grant Thornton LLP 
175 W Jackson Boulevard, 20th Floor 
Chicago, IL 60604-2687 

T 312.856.0200 
F 312 565 4719 
www.GrantThornton.com 

Board of Directors 
Viskase Companies, Inc. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Viskase Companies, 
Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and Subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated balance sheets 
as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of income, 
comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the 
years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

Management’s responsibility for the financial statements  
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated 
financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal 
control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements 
that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditor’s responsibility  
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on 
our audits.  We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted 
in the United States of America.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to 
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from 
material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and 
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.   The procedures selected depend on the 
auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the 
consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error.  In making those risk 
assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that 
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness of the entity’s internal control.   Accordingly, we express no such opinion.   An 
audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the 

Grant Thornton LLP 
U.S. member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 

reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating 
the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a 
basis for our audit opinion.  

Opinion  
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all 
material respects, the financial position of Viskase Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of 
December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the 
years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America. 

Chicago, Illinois 
April 10, 2013 

Grant Thornton LLP 
U.S. member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd 

 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(In Thousands, Except for Number of Shares) 

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

ASSETS
Current assets:
   Cash and cash equivalents
   Restricted cash
   Receivables, net
   Inventories
   Other current assets
   Deferred income taxes

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Less accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

Asset held for sale
Deferred financing costs, net
Other assets, net
Deferred income taxes

Total Assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
   Short-term portion of capital lease obligations
   Accounts payable
   Accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net of current maturities
Capital lease obligations
Accrued employee benefits
Deferred income taxes

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 36,901,249 shares issued and 
36,095,979 shares outstanding at December 31, 2012 and 36,734,748 shares
issued and 35,929,478 shares outstanding at December 31, 2011
Paid in capital
Retained earnings
Less 805,270 treasury shares, at cost
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders' deficit 

$31,112
1,058
61,664
61,144
21,959
3,846

180,783

252,542
95,757

156,785

500
5,685
1,734
774

$65,925
2,119
53,101
53,279
17,679
3,632

195,735

214,286
79,888

134,398

500
6,585
2,468
132

$346,261

$339,818

$382
27,798
41,390

69,570

214,692
396
65,646
4,897

369
32,791
24,462
(298)
(66,264)

(8,940)

$573
29,245
40,563

70,381

214,578
454
56,239
5,336

367
32,806
16,587
(298)
(56,632)

(7,170)

Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficit

$346,261

$339,818

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME  
(In Thousands,Except for Per Share Amounts) 

NET SALES

Cost of sales

GROSS MARGIN

Selling, general and administrative
Amortization of intangibles
Restructuring expense

OPERATING INCOME

Interest income
Interest expense
Other (expense) income, net
Post retirement benefits curtailment gain

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES

Income tax provision 

NET INCOME 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES

- BASIC 

PER SHARE AMOUNTS:

EARNINGS PER SHARE

- BASIC

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES

- DILUTED

PER SHARE AMOUNTS:

EARNINGS PER SHARE

- DILUTED

Year
Ended
December
31, 2012

Year
Ended
December
31, 2011

Year
Ended
December
31, 2010

$342,523

$339,371

$316,215

261,261

261,079

232,955

81,262

45,265
460
600

34,937

46
20,966
(1,396)
-

12,621

4,746

$7,875

78,292

42,565
460
-

35,267

222
21,206
(909)
-

13,374

5,430

$7,944

83,260

45,783
460
-

37,017

349
20,771
139
562

17,296

1,677

$15,619

36,024,298

35,868,890

35,787,071

$0.22

$0.22

$0.44

36,771,801

37,010,141

37,119,990

$0.21

$0.21

$0.42

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                 
                     
                      
                 
                     
                  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME 
(In Thousands) 

Net income

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax

    Pension liability adjustment
    Foreign currency translation adjustment

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Comprehensive (loss) income

Year
Ended
December
31, 2012

Year
Ended
December
31, 2011

Year
Ended
December
31, 2010

$7,875

$7,944

$15,619

(11,179)
1,544

(9,635)

($1,760)

(17,709)
(2,634)

(20,343)

(928)
(3,982)

(4,910)

($12,399)

$10,709

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)  
(In Thousands) 

Balance December 31, 2009

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax
Stock option expense

Common
stock

$366

Paid in
capital
$32,474

Treasury
stock

($298)

Retained earnings
(Accumulated deficit)
($6,976)

Accumulated other
comprehensive 
loss

($31,379)

Total
stockholders’
(deficit) equity
($5,813)

324

15,619

(3,982)
(928)

15,619
(3,982)
(928)
324

Balance December 31, 2010

$366

$32,798

($298)

$8,643

($36,289)

$5,220

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax
Issuance of common stock
Stock option expense

1

(1)
9

7,944

(2,634)
(17,709)

7,944
(2,634)
(17,709)
-
9

Balance December 31, 2011

$367

$32,806

($298)

$16,587

($56,632)

($7,170)

Net income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax
Issuance of common stock

2

(15)

7,875

1,547
(11,179)

7,875
1,547
(11,179)
(13)

Balance December 31, 2012

$369

$32,791

($298)

$24,462

($66,264)

($8,940)

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(In Thousands) 

Cash flow s from operating activities:

Net income 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash 

 provided by operating activities:

Depreciation
Stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangibles
Amortization of deferred financing fees
Deferred income taxes
Loss on disposition of assets
Bad debt and accounts recievable provision
Postretirement curtailment gain
Non-cash interest on notes

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Receivables
Inventories
Other current assets
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Accrued employee benefits
Other

Total adjustments

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flow s from investing activities:

Capital expenditures
Proceeds from disposition of assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flow s from financing activities:

Deferred financing costs
Proceeds from revolving loan
Proceeds from capital lease
Proceeds from long-term debt
Repayment of short-term debt
Repayment of capital lease
Restricted cash

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash
Net (decrease) increase in cash and equivalents
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and equivalents at end of period

Supplemental cash flow  information:

Interest paid less capitalized interest
Income taxes paid (refunded)

Year
Ended
December
31, 2012

Year
Ended
December
31, 2011

Year
Ended
December
31, 2010

$7,875

$7,944

$15,619

16,173
1
460
1,024
(1,400)
110
(390)
-

84

(7,493)
(7,308)
(4,169)
(1,699)
618
(1,501)
405
(5,085)

2,790

(38,603)
106

(38,497)

(125)
-
351
-
-
(615)
1,061

672

222
(34,813)
65,925
$31,112

$20,035
$6,995

13,977
9
460
904
29
91
448
-

83

(6,179)
884
(863)
4,497
2
(4,921)
(414)
9,007

16,951

(37,269)
67

(37,202)

(141)
-
74
-
-
(842)
64

(845)

(537)
(21,633)
87,558
$65,925

$20,349
$2,978

12,359
324
460
944
1,261
139
109
(562)
56

(3,426)
(4,354)
1,569
2,386
5,164
(1,855)
862
15,436

31,055

(19,738)
99

(19,639)

(1,324)
870
819
40,400
(1,132)
(893)
100

38,840

(346)
49,910
37,648
$87,558

$12,040
($1,568)

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
                       
                    
                    
               
                    
                        
                    
                        
                    
                        
                
  
 
 
1.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policy 

Nature of Operations 

Viskase Companies, Inc. together with its subsidiaries (“we” or the “Company”) is a producer of non-
edible cellulosic, fibrous and plastic casings used to prepare and package processed meat products, 
and provides value-added support services relating to these products, for some of the largest global 
consumer  products  companies.  The  Company  operates  eight  manufacturing  facilities  and  ten 
distribution  centers  in  North  America,  Europe,  South  America,and  Asia  and,  as  a  result,  is  able  to 
sell its products in most countries throughout the world.  

Principles of Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company. Intercompany accounts 
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements 

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles 
(“GAAP”)  in  the  United  States  of  America  and  include  the  use  of  estimates  and  assumptions  that 
affect a number of amounts included in the Company’s financial statements, including, among other 
things, pensions and other postretirement benefits and related disclosures, reserves for excess and 
obsolete  inventory,  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts,  and  income  taxes.  Management  bases  its 
estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. If actual 
amounts  are  ultimately  different  from  previous  estimates,  the  revisions  are  included  in  the 
Company’s  results  for  the  period  in  which  the  actual  amounts  become  known.  Historically,  the 
aggregate  differences,  if  any,  between  the  Company’s  estimates  and  actual  amounts  in  any  year 
have not had a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers cash equivalents to consist of 
all highly liquid debt investments purchased with an initial maturity of approximately three months or 
less.  Due  to  the  short-term  nature  of  these  instruments,  the  carrying  values  approximate  the  fair 
market value. Cash equivalents include $198 and $196 of short-term investments at December 31, 
2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  Of the cash held on deposit, essentially all of the cash 
balance  was  in  excess  of  amounts  insured  by  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation  or  other 
foreign provided  bank insurance.  The Company performs periodic evaluations of these institutions 
for relative credit standing and has not experienced any losses as a result of its cash concentration.  
Consequently, no significant concentrations of credit risk are considered to exist. 

Receivables 

Trade  accounts  receivable  are  classified  as  current  assets  and  are  reported  net  of  allowance  for 
doubtful accounts and a reserve for returns.  This estimated allowance is primarily based upon our 
evaluation of the financial condition of each customer, each customer’s ability to pay and historical 
write-offs.   

Inventories 

Inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) cost or market.   

Property, Plant and Equipment 

The Company carries property, plant and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. Property 
and  equipment  additions  include  acquisition  of  property  and  equipment  and  costs  incurred  for 
computer software purchased for internal use including related external direct costs of materials and 
services  and  payroll  costs  for  employees  directly  associated  with  the  project.  Upon  retirement  or 
other  disposition,  cost  and  related  accumulated  depreciation  are  removed  from  the  accounts,  and 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
any  gain  or  loss  is  included  in  results  of  operations.  Depreciation  is  computed  on  the  straight-line 
method  using  a  half  year  convention  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  the  assets  ranging  from  (i) 
building  and  improvements  -  10  to  32  years,  (ii)  machinery  and  equipment  -  4  to  12  years,  (iii) 
furniture  and  fixtures  -  3  to  12  years,  (iv)  auto  and  trucks  -  2  to  5  years,  and  (v)  leasehold 
improvements - shorter of lease or useful life. 

In the ordinary course of business, we lease certain equipment, and certain real property, consisting 
of manufacturing and distribution facilities and office facilities.   

Deferred Financing Costs 

Deferred financing costs are amortized as expense using the effective interest rate method over the 
expected  term  of  the  related  debt  agreement.  Amortization  of  deferred  financing  costs  is classified 
as interest expense. 

Patents and Trademarks 

Patents and trademarks are amortized on the straight-line method over an estimated average useful 
life of 10 years.  

Long-Lived Assets  

The Company continues to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets including property, plant 
and  equipment  and  patents.    Impairments  are  recognized  when  the  expected  undiscounted  future 
operating cash flows derived from long-lived assets are less than their carrying value. If impairment 
is  identified,  valuation  techniques  deemed  appropriate  under  the  particular  circumstances  will  be 
used to determine the asset’s fair value. The loss will be measured based on the excess of carrying 
value  over the  determined fair value.  The review for impairment is performed whenever  events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. 

Shipping and Handling 

The Company periodically bills customers for shipping charges.  These amounts are included in net 
revenue, with the associated costs included in cost of sales. 

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits 

The  Company  uses  appropriate  actuarial  methods  and  assumptions  in  accounting  for  its  defined 
benefit pension plans and non-pension postretirement benefits. 

Actual results that differ from assumptions used are accumulated and amortized over future periods 
and, accordingly, generally affect recognized expense and the recorded obligation in future periods. 
Therefore,  assumptions  used  to  calculate  benefit  obligations  as  of  the  end  of  a  fiscal  year  directly 
impact  the  expense  to  be  recognized  in  future  periods.  The  primary  assumptions  affecting  the 
Company’s accounting for employee benefits as of December 31, 2012 are as follows:  

  •      Long-term  rate  of  return  on  plan  assets:  The  required  use  of  the  expected  long-term  rate  of 
return on plan assets may result in recognized returns that are greater or less than the actual 
returns  on  those  plan  assets  in  any  given  year.  Over  time,  however,  the  expected  long-term 
rate of return on plan assets is designed to approximate actual earned long-term returns. The 
Company  uses  long-term  historical  actual  return  information,  the  mix  of  investments  that 
comprise  plan  assets,  and  future  estimates  of  long-term  investment  returns  by  reference  to 
external  sources  to  develop  an  assumption  of  the  expected  long-term  rate  of  return  on  plan 
assets. The expected long-term rate of return is used to calculate net periodic pension cost. In 
determining  its  pension  obligations,  the  Company  is  using  a  long-term  rate  of  return  on  U.S. 
plan  assets  of  7.75%  for  2012.    The  Company  is  using  a  long-term  rate  of  return  on  French 
plan assets of 3.50% for 2012.  The German pension plan has no assets.   

  •    Discount  rate:  The  discount  rate  is  used  to  calculate  future  pension  and  postretirement 
obligations.    The  Company  is  using  a  Mercer  Bond  yield  curve  in  determining  its  pension 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
obligations. The Company is using a discount rate of 4.18% for 2012.  The Company is using a 
weighted average discount rate of 3.69% on its non-U.S. pension plans for 2012.  

Income Taxes 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted  tax  laws  and  tax  rates  expected  to 
apply  to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  those  temporary  differences  are  expected  to  be 
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities due to a change in tax rates is 
recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In addition, the amounts of any 
future tax benefits are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent such benefits are not expected 
to  be  realized  on  a  more  likely  than  not  basis.  Interest  and  penalties  related  to  unrecognized  tax 
benefits are included as a component of tax expense. 

Other Comprehensive Income 

Comprehensive  income  includes  all  other  non-stockholder  changes  in  equity.  Changes  in  other 
comprehensive income in 2012 and 2011 resulted from changes in foreign currency translation and 
minimum pension liability. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenues  are  recognized  at  the  time  products  are  shipped  to  the  customer,  under  F.O.B  shipping 
point  or  F.O.B  port  terms,  which  is  the  point  at  which  title  is  transferred,  the  customer  has  the 
assumed risk of loss, and  when  payment  has been received or collection is reasonably  assumed.  
Revenues are net of discounts, rebates and allowances.  Viskase records all labor, raw materials, in-
bound  freight,  plant  receiving  and  purchasing,  warehousing,  handling  and  distribution  costs  as  a 
component of costs of goods sold. 

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation 

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on fair value of the award and 
is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the 
vesting  period.    Included  in  net  income  is  a  non-cash  compensation  expense  of  $1  in  2012,  $9  in 
2011, and $324 in 2010. 

 Financial Instruments 

The Company routinely enters into fixed price natural gas agreements which require us to purchase 
a portion of our natural gas each month at fixed prices.  These fixed price agreements qualify for the 
“normal purchases” scope exception under derivative  and hedging standards, therefore the natural 
gas purchases under these contracts were expensed as incurred and included within cost of sales. 
Future annual minimum purchases remaining under the agreement are $827 for 2012.  During 2012 
and  2011,  the  Company’s  total  purchases  under  the  agreements  were  $1,246  and  $1,278, 
respectively.  

The  Company’s  financial  instruments  include  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable  and 
accounts  payable.  The  carrying  amounts  of  these  financial  assets  and  liabilities  approximate  fair 
value  due  to  the  short  maturities  of  these  instruments.   The  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  Senior 
Secured  Notes  is  estimated  by  discounting  the  future  cash  flow  using  the  Company’s  current 
borrowing rates for similar types and maturities of debt. 

 New Accounting Pronouncements  

There have been no recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements    
during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  that  are  of  significance  or  potential  significance  to  the 
Company. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2.   Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

$31,112 

1,058

$32,170 

$65,925 

2,119

$68,044 

As  of  December  31,  2012  and  December  31,  2011,  cash  held  in  foreign  banks  was  $12,905  and 
$13,551, respectively. 

Letters of credit in the amount of $1,058 as of December 31, 2012 were outstanding under facilities 
with a commercial bank, and were cash collateralized in a restricted account. 

3.  Receivables, net 

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

Accounts receivable, gross

Less allowance for doubtful accounts 

Less allowance for sales returns

Receivables reserve activity: 

$63,718 

(1,970)

(84)

$61,664 

$55,543 

(1,799)

(643)

$53,101 

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

December 31, 2010

Beginning balance
   (Recoveries) provision

   Write-offs

   Foreign translation

Ending balance

$2,442 
(390)

(19)

21 

$2,054 

$2,203 
448 

(124)

(85)

$2,442 

$2,152 
109 

(22)

(36)

$2,203 

4.  Inventory 

Inventory consisted of: 

Raw materials

Work in process

Finished products

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

$11,688 

27,071 

22,385 

$13,622 

18,627 

21,030 

$61,144 

$53,279 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5.    Property, Plant and Equipment, Net 

Land and improvements

Buildings and improvements

Machinery and equipment

Construction in progress

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

$2,237 

36,084 

207,800 

6,421 

$2,125 

22,359 

171,247 

18,555 

$252,542 

$214,286 

Accumulated depreciation consisted of: 

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

Land and improvements
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment

$233 
7,349 
88,175 

$209 
6,135 
73,544 

$95,757 

$79,888 

  Capitalized  interest  for  2012,  2011,  and  2010  totaled  $1,902,  $1,580,  and  $518,  respectively. 
Maintenance  and  repairs  charged  to  costs  and  expenses  for  2012,  2011,  and  2010  aggregated 
$19,428, $19,222 and $18,882, respectively. 

6.     Assets Held For Sale  

During  December  2009,  the  Company  recognized  an  impairment  loss  on  a  plastic  extruder  in  its 
Monterrey, Mexico plant due to a change in the mix of the Company’s product line.  The Company 
wrote down the asset to the realizable market value based on potential resale value and changed its 
classification to an asset held for sale in the amount of $500.  

7.  Other Assets 

Patents and Trademarks

Less: Accumulated amortization

Patents, net

Miscellaneous

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

$4,720 

(4,484)

236 

1,498 

$1,734 

$4,598 

(4,024)

574 

1,894 

$2,468 

       Amortization of patents for fiscal years 2013 and 2014 will be approximately $127 and $12, 

respectively. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8.  Accrued Liabilities  

Accrued liabilities consisted of: 

Compensation and employee benefits

Taxes payable

Accrued volume and sales discounts

Accrued interest

Other

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

$16,259 

8,572 

2,435 

9,798 

4,326 

$41,390 

$14,482 

11,451 

1,402 

9,798 

3,430 

$40,563 

9.   Debt Obligations  

     Outstanding long-term debt consisted of: 

Long-term debt:

        9.875% Senior secured notes, net of discount

        Other

Total long-term debt

Revolving Credit Facility 

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

$214,412

280

$214,692

$214,328

250

$214,578

The Company is a party to a $25,000 secured revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”) with 
Icahn Enterprises L.P.   Borrowings under the loan and security agreement governing the Revolving 
Credit  Facility  are  subject  to  a  borrowing  base  formula  based  on  percentages  of  eligible  domestic 
receivables  and  eligible  domestic  inventory.  Under  the    Revolving  Credit  Facility,  the  interest  rate 
option is LIBOR plus a margin of 2.00% currently (which margin will be subject to performance based 
increases up to 2.50%); provided that the minimum interest rate shall be at least equal to 3.00%.  The 
Revolving Credit Facility also provides for an unused line fee of 0.375% per annum.  On April 8, 2013, 
the  Company  entered  into  the  Seventh  Amendment  to  Loan  and  Security  Agreement  with  Icahn 
Enterprises L.P., extending the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from January 31, 2014 to 
July 31, 2015.  The amendment included a fee of $125 for the extension. 

There were no borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility at December 31, 2012.   

Indebtedness  under  the  Revolving  Credit  Facility  is  secured  by  liens  on  substantially  all  of  the 
Company’s domestic and Mexican assets, with liens on (i) inventory, accounts receivable, lockboxes, 
and deposit accounts (the “RCF Priority Collateral’) to be contractually senior to the liens securing the 
9.875% Senior Secured Notes and the related guarantees pursuant to an intercreditor agreement, (ii) 
real  property,  fixtures  and  improvements  thereon,  equipment  and  proceeds  thereof  (the  “Notes 
Priority Collateral”), to be contractually subordinate to the liens securing the 9.875% Senior Secured 
Notes and such guarantees pursuant to such intercreditor agreement, and (iii) all other assets, to be 
contractually  pari  passu  with  the  liens  securing  the  9.875%  Senior  Secured  Notes  and  such 
guarantees pursuant to such intercreditor agreement.  

The  Revolving  Credit  Facility  contains  various  covenants  which  restrict  the  Company’s  ability  to, 
among other things, incur indebtedness, enter into mergers or consolidation transactions, dispose of 
assets  (other  than  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business),  acquire  assets,  make  certain  restricted 
payments,  create liens on our assets, make investments, create guarantee obligations and enter into 
sale  and  leaseback  transactions  and  transactions  with  affiliates,  in  each  case  subject  to  permitted 
exceptions.  The  Revolving  Credit  Facility  also  requires  that  we  comply  with  various  financial 
covenants, including meeting a minimum EBITDA requirement and limitations on capital expenditures 
in  the  event  our  usage  of  the  Revolving  Credit  Facility  exceeds  30%  of  the  facility  amount.    The 
Company is in compliance with the Revolving Credit Facility covenants as of December 31, 2012. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  its  foreign  operations,  the  Company  has  unsecured  lines  of  credit  with  various  banks  providing 
approximately $8,000 of availability.  There were no borrowings under the lines of credit at December 
31, 2012.  

     9.875% Senior Secured Notes due 2018 

The Company has $215,000 principal amount of 9.875% Senior Secured Notes due 2018 (“9.875% 
Senior  Secured  Notes”)  outstanding.    The  9.875%  Senior  Secured  Notes  bear  interest  at  a  rate  of 
9.875% per annum, payable semi-annually  in cash on January  15  and July 15.  The 9.875%  Senior 
Secured Notes have a maturity date of January 15, 2018.  

The  9.875%  Senior  Secured  Notes  and  related  guarantees  by  any  of  our  future  domestic  restricted 
subsidiaries  will  be  secured  by  substantially  all  of  our  and  those  domestic  restricted  subsidiaries’ 
current and future tangible and intangible assets, including all or a portion of the stock of our and their 
subsidiaries (except that no more than 65% of the voting stock of any foreign subsidiary will constitute 
collateral).  The  liens  on  our  assets  and  the  assets  of  those  domestic  restricted  subsidiaries  that 
secure  the  9.875%  Senior  Secured  Notes  and  any  such  guarantees  will  (i)  in  the  case  of  the  RCF 
Priority Collateral be contractually subordinated, pursuant to an intercreditor agreement, to the liens 
thereon  securing  the  Revolving  Credit  Facility,  (ii)  in  the  case  of  Notes  Priority  Collateral  be 
contractually  senior,  pursuant  to  such  intercreditor  agreement,  to  the  liens  thereon  securing  the 
Revolving Credit Facility, (iii) in the case of all other assets, be contractually pari passu, pursuant to 
such  intercreditor  agreement,  with  the  liens  securing  the  Revolving  Credit  Facility,  and  (iv)  in  each 
such  case,  be  subject  to  certain  prior  liens.  The  indenture  governing  the  9.875%  Senior  Secured 
Notes permits us to incur other senior secured indebtedness and to grant liens on our assets under 
certain circumstances.  

Prior  to  January  15,  2014,  we  may  redeem,  at  our  option,  up  to  35%  of  the  aggregate  principal 
amount of the 9.875% Senior Secured Notes issued under the indenture with the net proceeds of any 
equity offering, at 109.875% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of 
redemption,  provided  that  at  least  65%  of  the  aggregate  principal  amount  of  the  9.875%  Senior 
Secured  Notes issued  under the  indenture agreement governing the  9.875%  Senior  Secured  Notes 
remains outstanding immediately following the redemption. 

Letter of Credit Facility 

Letters  of  credit  in  the  amount  of  $1,058  were  outstanding  under  facilities  with  a  commercial  bank, 
and were cash collateralized at December 31, 2012. 

Debt Maturity 

The aggregate maturities of debt (1) for each of the next five years are: 

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Thereafter

9.875% Senior Secured Notes

         -   

         -   

         -   

         -   

         -   

$215,000 

Other

         -   

         -   

         -   

         -   

         -   

$1,061 

         -   

         -   

         -   

         -   

         -   

$216,061 

 (1) The aggregate maturities of debt represent amounts to be paid at maturity and not    
the current carrying value of the debt. 

10.   Capital Lease Obligations 

The  Company  has  entered  into  capital  lease  obligations  to  acquire  certain  equipment  and  building 
improvements for its manufacturing facilities.  The equipment leases have a term of 3 to 5 years and 
the  bu    ilding  improvement  lease  has  a  term  of  5  years.    The  Company  has  determined  that 
automobiles  leased  by  the  Company  are  capital  leases  with  an  average  term  of  4  years.    The 
depreciation of capital leases is included in depreciation expense.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following is an analysis of leased property under capital leases by major classes. 

Building and improvements
Machinery and equipment
Less: Accumulated depreciation

2012

$518
2,896
(2,492)

$922

2011

$507
2,678
(2,057)

$1,128

The following is a schedule by years of minimum future lease payments as of December 31, 2012. 

Year ending December 31,

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

Thereafter

Total minimum payments required

Less amount representing interest

$526
287
82
11
-
-

906
(128)

Present value of net minimum lease payments

$778

11.   Operating Leases 

The Company has operating lease agreements for machinery, equipment and facilities. The majority 
of  the  facility  leases  require  the  Company  to  pay  maintenance,  insurance  and  real  estate  taxes. 
Certain of these leases contain escalation clauses and renewal options.  

Future minimum lease payments for operating leases that have initial or remaining non-cancelable 
lease terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2012, are: 

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Total thereafter

$4,488 
3,301 
2,496 
2,328 
1,081 
9,327 

Total minimum lease payments

$23,021 

Total  rent  expense  during  2012,  2011  and  2010  amounted  to  $4,343,  $3,245  and  $3,262 
respectively. 

12.  Retirement Plans 

The  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  have  defined  contribution  and  defined  benefit  plans  varying  by 
country and subsidiary. 

The Company’s  operations in the United  States, France, Germany and Canada  historically  offered 
defined  benefit  retirement  plans  and  postretirement  health  care  and  life  insurance  benefits  to  their 
employees.  Most of these benefits have been terminated, resulting in various reductions in liabilities 
and curtailment gains. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
         
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On  September  30,  2010,  employees  in  the  U.S.  covered  by  a  collective  bargaining  agreement 
ratified  a  new  agreement  that,  among  other  things,  freezes  the  defined  benefit  pension  plan  as  of 
December 31, 2010.  All other participation in the plans had previously been frozen. 

Included in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, as of December 31, 2012 are the 
following amounts not yet recognized in net periodic benefit cost: 

Net actuarial loss                                      
Prior service credit                                             

($55,083)
$5 

($1,736)
$11 

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

Amounts included in other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as a component of net 
periodic benefit cost for the year ending December 31, 2013 are: 

Net actuarial loss                                      

($4,240)

$15 

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

The  measurement  date  for  all  defined  benefit  plans  is  December  31.    The  year  end  status  of  the 
plans is as follows: 

U.S. Pension Benefits 
2012

2011

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2012

2011

Change in benefit obligation:

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Actuarial loss 
Benefits paid
Currency translation

$147,023

$136,666

-
6,965
17,041
(7,873)
-

-
7,320
10,958
(7,921)
-

$8,751
331
434
1,476
(594)
172

$8,463
316
439
96
(296)
(267)

Estimated benefit obligation at end of year

$163,156

$147,023

$10,570

$8,751

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Employer contribution
Benefits paid
Currency translation

$95,685
11,285
5,017
(7,873)
-

$98,314
(797)
6,089
(7,921)
-

$5,407
178
-
-
107

$4,683
166
833
(127)
(148)

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

$104,114

$95,685

$5,692

$5,407

Unfunded status of the plan

($59,042)

($51,338)

($4,878)

($3,344)

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
 
Net amount recognized

Amounts recognized in statement of financial 
position:

Current liabilities
Noncurrent liabilities
Net amount recognized

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2012

2011

2012

2011

($82)
(58,960)

($62)
(51,276)

($166)
(4,713)

($59,042)

($51,338)

($4,879)

($127)
(3,217)

($3,344)

The  funded  status  of  these  pension  plans  as  a  percentage  of  the  projected  benefit  obligation  was  59 
percent in 2012 compared to 65 percent in 2011.  

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2012

2011

2012

2011

Projected benefit obligation
Accumulated benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets

$163,156 
$163,156 
$104,114

$147,023 
$147,003 
$95,685

$10,570 
$8,387 
$5,692

$8,751 
$7,279 
$5,407

Components of net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31: 

U.S. Pension Benefits
2011

2010

2012

Non U.S. Pension Benefits
2011
2012

2010

Component of net period benefit cost

Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of prior service cost
Amortization of actuarial loss
Curtailment Income

-
$6,965
(7,321)
(1)
3,429
-
$3,072

-
$7,320
(7,742)
-
1,667
-
$1,245

$303
7,510
(7,411)
(131)
1,629
(562)
$1,338

$323
423
(178)
-
12
-
$580

$338
470
(191)
-
37
-
$654

$259
404
(180)
-
77
-
$560

Weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost as 
of December 31: 

Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets
Rate of compensation increase

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2012

2011

2012

2011

4.18%
7.75%
N/A

4.89%
8.00%
N/A

3.69%
3.50%
3.00%

4.99%
3.50%
3.00%

The  Company  evaluates  its  discount  rate  assumption  annually  as  of  December  31  for  each  of  its 
retirement-related  benefit  plans.    The  Company  is  using  a  Mercer  bond  model  for  determining  its 
U.S. pension benefits.  The Company is using a weighted average discount rate of 3.69% on its non 
U.S. pension plans for 2012.  

The  Company’s  expected  return  on  plan  assets  is  evaluated  annually  based  upon  a  study  which 
includes  a  review  of  anticipated  future  long-term  performance  of  individual  asset  classes,  and 
consideration  of  the  appropriate  asset  allocation  strategy  to  provide  for  the  timing  and  amount  of 
benefits included in the projected benefit obligation.  While the study gives appropriate consideration 
to  recent  fund  performance  and  historical  returns,  the  assumption  is  primarily  a  long-term 
prospective rate.  

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
      
        
      
      
      
      
       
       
       
      
         
    
      
      
      
 
 
 
 
The Company’s overall investment strategy is to achieve growth through a mix of approximately 75 
percent  of  investments  for long-term  growth  and  25  percent  for  near-term  benefit  payments  with  a 
wide  diversification  of  asset  types,  fund  strategies,  and  fund  managers.    The  target  allocations  for 
plan assets are 47 percent equity securities, 28 percent hedge funds and 25 percent to fixed income 
investments.  Equity  securities  primarily  include  investments  in  large-cap,  mid-cap  and  small-cap 
companies primarily located in the United States and international developed markets. Fixed income 
securities  include  corporate  bonds  of  companies  from  diversified  industries,  mortgage-backed 
securities, and U.S. Treasuries. Other types of investments include investments in hedge funds that 
follow several different strategies. 

In  accordance  with  FASB  guidance,  Plan  management  uses  the  following  methods  and  significant 
assumptions to estimate fair value of investments.  

Mutual funds - Valued at the net asset value (“NAV”) of shares held by the Plan at year-end, which is 
obtained from an active market.  

Collective  trust  funds  -  Value  provided  by  the  administrator  of  the  fund.  The  NAV  is  based  on  the 
value  of  the  underlying  assets  owned  by  the  fund,  minus  its  liabilities,  and  then  divided  by  the 
number of shares outstanding. The NAV's unit price is quoted on a private market that is not active.  

Hedge  funds  -  Value  provided  by  the  administrator  of  the  fund.  The  pricing  for  these  funds  is 
provided monthly by the fund to determine the quoted price. 

The fair values of the Company’s pension plan asset allocation at December 31, 2012 and 2011, by 
asset category are as follows: 

Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2012

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets
(Level 1)

Total

$5,671

$5,671

13,797
3,813
-
10,077
8,215
7,646

7,383
3,315
10,098
10,200

13,797
3,813
-
-
-
-

7,383
-
-
10,200

29,520
71
$109,806

-
71
$40,935

Total 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs
(Level 2)
$            
-

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)
$              
-

-
-
-
10,077
8,215
7,646

-
3,315
10,098
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

29,520

$39,351

$29,520

Asset Category 
Cash equivalents
Equity securities:
   U.S. companies
   International companies 
   U.S-Small Cap Growth
   U.S-Large Cap Enhanced Core
   U.S-Large Cap Equity Growth 
   U.S-Mutual Funds 
Fixed income securities:
   Government Treasuries
   Mortgage-backed securities 
   Aggregate bond fund
   High yield fund
Other types of investments:
   Hedge funds 
   Real Estate

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
      
              
                
           
        
              
                
              
            
              
                
         
            
        
                
           
            
          
                
           
            
          
                
 
           
        
              
                
           
            
          
                
         
            
        
                
         
      
              
                
         
            
              
          
               
             
              
 
 
Fair Value Measurements 
Using Significant Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3)
Combined Hedge Funds

Beginning balance at December 31, 2011

   Total realized loss
   Change in unrealized depreciation
   Cost of purchases
   Proceeds from sales

Ending balance at December 31, 2012

$26,568

(32)
2,984
(294)
294

$29,520

Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2011

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets
(Level 1)

Total

$2,523

$2,523

10,458
3,828
1,756
10,664
8,262
8,397

6,639
2,693
8,974
10,330

10,458
3,828
-
-
-
-

6,639
-
-
10,330

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs
(Level 2)
$            
-

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)
$              
-

-
-
1,756
10,664
8,262
8,397

-
2,693
8,974
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

Total 

26,568
$101,092

-

-

$33,778

$40,746

26,568
$26,568

Asset Category 
Cash equivalents
Equity securities:
   U.S. companies
   International companies 
   U.S-Small Cap Growth
   U.S-Large Cap Enhanced Core
   U.S-Large Cap Equity Growth 
   U.S-Mutual Funds 
Fixed income securities:
   Government Treasuries
   Mortgage-backed securities 
   Aggregate bond fund
   High yield fund
Other types of investments:
   Hedge funds 

Beginning balance at December 31, 2010

   Total realized loss
   Change in unrealized depreciation
   Cost of purchases
   Proceeds from sales

Ending balance at December 31, 2011

Fair Value Measurements 
Using Significant Unobservable 
Inputs (Level 3)
Combined Hedge Funds

$27,582

(4)
(1,004)
(299)
293

$26,568

The  following  table  provides  a  summary  of  the  estimated  benefit  payments  for  the  postretirement 
plans for the next five fiscal years individually and for the following five fiscal years in the aggregate.   

36 

 
 
 
 
 
         
      
              
                
           
        
              
                
           
            
          
                
         
            
        
                
           
            
          
                
           
            
          
                
           
        
              
                
           
            
          
                
           
            
          
                
         
      
              
                
         
            
              
          
 
 
 
Total Estimated Benefit 
Payments

U.S.

Non-U.S 

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018-2022  

$8,614
8,737
8,870
9,069
9,141
47,820

$619
553
549
414
561
3,549

The  Company’s  expected  contribution  for  the  2013  fiscal  year  is  $4,125  for  the  U.S.  and  $166  for 
non-U.S. pension plans. 

Savings Plans 

The Company also has defined contribution savings and similar plans for eligible employees, which 
vary  by  subsidiary.  The  Company’s  aggregate  contributions  to  these  plans  are  based  on  eligible 
employee contributions and certain other factors. The Company expense for these plans was $875, 
$1,049 and $961 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. 

International Plans 

The  Company  maintains  various  pension  and  statutory  separation  pay  plans  for  its  European 
employees.  The expense, not including the French and German pension plan, in 2012, 2011, and 
2010  was  $825,  $864  and  $1,021,  respectively.  As  of  their  most  recent  valuation  dates,  for  those 
plans where vested benefits exceeded plan assets, the actuarially computed value of vested benefits 
exceeded those plans’ assets by approximately $1,714. 

13.  Capital Stock, Treasury Stock and Paid in Capital 

Authorized  shares  of  preferred  stock  ($0.01  par  value  per  share)  and  common  stock  ($0.01  par 
value per share) for the Company are 50,000,000 shares and 50,000,000 shares, respectively.  

In  2004,  the  Company  purchased  805,270  shares  of  its  common  stock  from  the  underwriter  for  a 
purchase price of $298. The common stock has been accounted for as treasury stock. 

 14.  Income Taxes 

      Income tax provision (benefit) consisted of: 

Current

Domestic
Foreign

          Total current
Deferred

Domestic
Foreign

Total deferred

Total

2012

2011

2010

$123 
            6,023 

($136)
            5,537 

$295 
              111 

            6,146 

            5,401 

              406 

                 -   

           (1,400)
           (1,400)

                 -   
                29 
                29 

                 -   

            1,271 
            1,271 

$4,746 

$5,430 

$1,677 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
The reconciliation of income tax provision (benefit) attributable to earnings differed from the amounts 
computed by applying the U.S. Federal statutory income tax rate to earnings by the following 
amounts: 

Income (loss) before income taxes:

Domestic
Foreign

2012

2011

2010

$5,738 
            6,886 

($335)
          13,709 

$1,192 
          16,104 

               Total

$12,624 

$13,374 

$17,296 

Computed income tax provision 
State and local taxes, net of federal tax
Foreign taxes, net
Valuation allowance

Uncertain tax positions - expense (benefit) 
Other, net

Total income tax expense 

Computed income tax provision 
State and local taxes, net of federal tax
Foreign taxes, net
Valuation allowance
Uncertain tax positions - expense (benefit) 
Other, net

Effective income tax rate

$4,292
244
1,246
(2,630)

1,317
277
$4,746 

34.0%
1.9%
9.9%
-20.8%
10.4%
2.2%
37.6%

$4,681
(3)
344
528

64
(184)
$5,430 

35.0%
0.0%
2.6%
3.9%
0.5%
-1.4%
40.6%

$6,053
127
(106)
(1,987)

(2,680)
270
$1,677 

35.0%
0.7%
-0.6%
-11.5%
-15.5%
1.6%
9.7%

Temporary differences and net operating loss carryforwards that give rise to a significant portion of 
deferred tax assets and liabilities for 2012 and 2011 are as follows: 

Deferred tax asset
    Provisions not currently deductible
    Inventory basis differences
    Foreign exchange and other
    Stock options
    Pension and healthcare 
    Net operating loss carryforwards
    Valuation allowance
Total deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liability
    Property, plant, and equipment
    Intangible asset
    Foreign exchange and other
Total deferred tax liability

2012

2011

$3,942
3,320
34
841
22,532
36,572
(51,102)
$16,139

($12,737)
(89)
(3,590)
($16,416)
($277)

$3,792
3,767
11
865
19,898
36,811
(49,486)
$15,658

($12,600)
(221)
(4,409)
($17,230)
($1,572)

In the consolidated balance sheets, these deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as either 
current  or  non-current  based  on  the  classification  of  the  related  liability  or  asset  for  financial 
reporting.  A  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  that  is  not  related  to  an  asset  or  liability  for  financial 
reporting,  including  deferred  taxes  related  to  carryforwards,  is  classified  according  to  the  expected 
reversal date of the temporary differences as of the end of the year.  

38 

 
 
 
 
               
                 
              
            
              
             
           
              
           
            
                
           
               
             
              
   
 
          
 
 
A  valuation  allowance  is  provided  when  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  some  portion  or  all  of  the 
deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be  realized.  A  U.S.  based  valuation  allowance  of  $51,005  has  been 
recorded  at  December 31,  2012,  as  management  believes  that  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  all 
deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be  fully  realized  based  on  the  expectation  of  taxable  income  in  future 
years.   

There  were  gross  U.S.  federal  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  at  December 31,  2012  and 
December 31, 2011 of $96,897 and $94,749, respectively,  with amounts beginning to expire in the 
year 2024.  The Company has gross foreign net operating loss carryforwards at December 31, 2012 
and December 31, 2011 of $926 and $1,092, respectively.  The amount of $325 will begin to expire 
in 2015 and the remainder has an unlimited carryforward period for the foreign net operating losses. 
Viskase  did  not  record  taxes  on  its  undistributed  earnings  from  foreign  subsidiaries  since  these 
earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested. If at some future date, these earnings cease 
to be permanently reinvested, Viskase may be subject to U.S. income taxes and foreign withholding 
taxes  on  such  amounts.  Determining  the  unrecognized  deferred  tax  liability  on  the  potential 
distribution  of  these  earnings  is  not  practicable  as  such  liability,  if  any,  is  dependent  on 
circumstances existing when remittance occurs. 

The Company joins in filing a United States consolidated Federal income tax return including all of 
its domestic subsidiaries. 

Uncertainty in Income Taxes 

The  uncertain  tax  positions  as  of  December  31,  2012  totaled  $7,770.  The  following  table 
summarizes the activity related to the unrecognized tax benefits. 

(in thousands)
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2012
Increases in positions taken in a prior period 
Decreases in positions taken in a prior period 
Increases in positions taken in a current period 
Decreases in positions taken in a current period 
Decreases due to settlements 
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations
 Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2012

December 31, 2012
$9,555
539
(2,780)
1,131
-
(150)
(525)
$7,770

The  Company's  continuing  practice  is  to  recognize  interest  and/or  penalties  related  to  income  tax 
matters  in  income  tax  expense.  The  Company  recorded  adjustments  for  interest  and  potential 
penalties  related  to  these  unrecognized  tax  benefits,  and  in  total,  as  of  December  31,  2012,  the 
Company has recorded a liability for interest and potential penalties of $877. 

Approximately  $3,800  of  the  total  unrecognized  tax  benefits  represents  the  amount  that,  if 
recognized,  would  affect  the  effective  income  tax  rate  in  future  periods.    The  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries  are  subject  to  U.S.  federal  income  tax  as  well  as  income  tax  of  multiple  state  and 
foreign jurisdictions. The Company has been audited by the IRS through 2010 which resulted in no 
tax liability.  The Company will contine to utilize net operating loss carryforwards from periods prior 
to  2010.  Substantially  all  material  state  and  local  and  foreign  income  tax  matters  have  been 
concluded  for  years  through  2008.  U.S.  federal  income  tax  returns  for  2011  are  currently  open  for 
examination.    Based  on  the  expiration  of  the  statute  of  limitations  for  certain  jurisdictions,  it  is 
reasonably  possible  that  the  unrecognized  tax  benefits  will  decrease  in  the  next  twelve  months  by 
approximately $112. 

15.   Contingencies 

During 2005, Viskase Brasil Embalagens Ltda. (“Viskase Brazil”) received three tax assessments by 
São  Paulo  tax  authorities  with  respect  to  Viskase  Brazil’s  alleged  failure  to  pay  Value  Added  and 
Sales and Services Tax (“ICMS”) levied on the importation of raw materials, and sales of goods in 
and out of the State of São Paulo, and alleged improper credits taken, from 2000 through 2005.  In 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                              
                           
                               
 
 
 
 
late December 2012, São Paulo issued a Decree announcing a Special Installment Program (“PEP 
Program”) for eligible companies that  wish  to settle  alleged  ICMS liabilities arising prior to July  31, 
2012.  The  PEP  Program  offers  significant  reductions  in  interest  and  penalties  to  companies  that 
choose to participate.  Viskase Brazil is currently reviewing the terms of the PEP Program. Viskase 
Brazil  has  vigorously  defended  against  these  assessments  in  administrative  and/or  judicial 
proceedings since receipt, and continues to do so. 

In  addition,  the  Company  from  time  to  time  is  involved  in  various  other  legal  proceedings,  none  of 
which  are  expected  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect  upon  results  of  operations,  cash  flows  or 
financial condition. 

16. Earnings Per Share 

Following  are the reconciliations of the numerators and denominators of the basic and 
diluted EPS (in thousands, except for number of shares and per share amounts): 

NUMERATOR:

Net income 

Net income for basic and diluted EPS

DENOMINATOR:

Weighted average shares outstanding
    for basic EPS

December
31, 2012

December
31, 2011

December
31, 2010

$7,875

$7,875

$7,944

$7,944

$15,619

$15,619

 36,024,298 

 35,869,890 

 35,787,071 

Effect of dilutive securities

747,503

1,140,251  

1,332,919

Weighted average shares outstanding
for diluted EPS

36,771,801

37,010,141

37,119,990

Common stock equivalents, consisting of warrants and granted employee stock options 
are  dilutive  and  the  effect  of  these  dilutive  securities  has  been  included  in  weighted 
average shares for diluted EPS using the treasury method for the Company.   

17.   Stock-Based Compensation (Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on fair value of the award and 
is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the 
vesting  period.    Included  in  net  income  is  a  non-cash  compensation  expense  of  $1  for  the  year 
ended December 31, 2012, $9 for the year ended December 31, 2011 and $324 for the year ended 
December 31, 2010.   

The  fair  values  of  the  options  granted  during  2009,  2007  and  2005  were  estimated  on  the  date  of 
grant using the binomial option pricing model. The assumptions used and the estimated fair values 
are as follows: 

Estimate Fair Values

Expected term
Expected stock volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected forfeiture rate
Fair value per share

2009
10 years
35.10%
2.87%
0.00%
$0.09

2007
10 years
23.04%
4.39%
14.00%
$0.77

2005
10 years
14.88%
4.17%
35.00%
$1.09

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  February  2009,  the  Company  granted  non-qualified  stock  options  to  its  former  chief  financial 
officer  for  the  purchase  of  300,000  shares  of  its  common  stock.  Options  were  granted  at  the  fair 
market  value  at  date  of  grant  and  are  fully  vested.  The  options  were  exercised  during  the  second 
quarter of 2012. 

In  October  2007,  the  Company  granted  non-qualified  stock  options  to  its  current  chief  executive 
officer for the purchase of 1,500,000 shares of its common stock under an employment agreement. 
Options were granted at the fair market value at date of grant and are fully vested. The options for 
the chief executive officer expire on October 29, 2017. 

The  Company  has  outstanding  non-qualified  stock  options  granted  to  other  members  of 
management for the purchase of 255,000 shares of its common stock.  Options were granted at, or 
above,  the  fair  market  value  at  date  of  grant  and  are  fully  vested.  The  options  granted  to  other 
members of management expire ten years from the date of grant.  

The Company's outstanding options were: 

Weighted Average Weighted Average

Shares Under  Weighted Average

Exercise Price

$                       
$                       

Outstanding, December 31, 2010
Vested and exercisable at Dec. 31, 2010
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Outstanding, December 31, 2011
Vested and exercisable at Dec. 31, 2011
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Outstanding, December 31, 2012
Vested and exercisable at Dec. 31, 2012

Option
2,055,000
1,855,000

-
-
-

2,055,000
1,955,000

-
350,000
5,000
1,700,000
1,700,000

Remaining
Contractual Life

93 months
80 months

-
-
-

68 months
67 months

-
-
-

54 months
54 months

Grant-Date
Fair Value
$                       
$                      

$                       
$                      

$                       
$                      

0.61
0.67
-
-
-
0.61
0.64
-
-
-
0.70
0.70

1.85
1.86
-
-
-
1.85
1.86
-
1.87
2.90
1.84
1.84

$                       
$                       

$                       
$                       
$                       
$                       

All stock options are vested and exercisable options as of December 31, 2012. 

18.  Research and Development Costs 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $3,845, $3,718 and $3,569 
for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.  

19.  Related-Party Transactions 

On  January  15,  2010,  Icahn  Enterprises  L.P.  acquired  approximately  71.4%  of  our  outstanding 
common stock from other affiliates of Carl C. Icahn.   

Icahn  Sourcing, LLC ("Icahn Sourcing") is  an  entity formed and controlled by  Mr. Icahn in  order to 
maximize the potential buying power of a group of entities with which Mr. Icahn has a relationship in 
negotiating with a wide range of suppliers of goods, services and tangible and intangible property at 
negotiated rates. Viskase was a member of the buying group in 2012. Prior to December 31, 2012 
Viskase  did  not  pay  Icahn  Sourcing  any  fees  or  other  amounts  with  respect  to  the  buying  group 
arrangement.  

In  December,  2012,  Icahn  Sourcing  advised  Icahn  Enterprises  that  effective  January  1,  2013  it 
would  restructure  its  ownership  and  change  its  name  to  Insight  Portfolio  Group  LLC  (“Insight 
Portfolio Group”).  In connection with the restructuring, Viskase acquired a minority equity interest in 
Insight Portfolio Group and agreed to pay a portion of Insight Portfolio Group’s operating expenses 
in  2013.    A  number  of  other  entities  with  which  Mr.  Icahn  has  a  relationship  also  acquired  equity 
interests  in  Insight  Portfolio  Group  and  also  agreed  to  pay  certain  of  Insight  Portfolio  Group’s 
operating expenses in 2013.   

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
         
                   
                          
                          
                          
                   
                          
                          
                          
                   
                          
                          
                          
         
                   
                          
                          
                          
            
                          
                          
                
                          
                          
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2012,  December  31,  2011  and  December  31,  2010,  the 
Company purchased $60, $43 and $31, respectively, in telecommunication services in the ordinary 
course  of  business  from  XO  Communications,  Inc.,  an  affiliate  of  Icahn  Enterprises  L.P.    The 
Company believes that the purchase of the telecommunications services were on terms at least as 
favorable as those that the Company would expect to negotiate with an unaffiliated party.   

Icahn Enterprises L.P.  was the lender on the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility  as of December 
31, 2012. The Company paid Icahn Enterprises L.P. service and unused commitment fees of $124 
during each of the  years ended December 31, 2010, 2011  and 2012.  The Company believes that 
the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility are at least as favorable as those that the Company would 
expect  to  negotiate  with  an  unaffiliated  party.    On  April  8,  2013,  the  Company  entered  into  the 
Seventh  Amendment  to  Loan  and  Security  Agreement  with  Icahn  Enterprises  L.P.,  extending  the 
maturity date of the Viskase Revolving Credit Facility from January 31, 2014 to July 31, 2015.  The 
amendment included a fee of $125 for the extension. 

20.   Business Segment Information and Geographic Area Information 

The Company primarily manufactures and sells cellulosic food casings. The Company’s operations 
are primarily  in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. Intercompany  sales and charges 
(including  royalties)  have  been  reflected  as  appropriate  in  the  following  information.  Certain  items 
are maintained at the Company’s corporate headquarters and are not allocated geographically. They 
include most of the Company’s debt and related interest expense and income tax benefits.  

Reporting Segment Information: 

Net sales
North America
South America
Europe
Asia
Other and eliminations

Operating income 
North America
South America
Europe
Asia

Identifiable assets

North America
South America
Europe
Asia

2012

2011

2010

$188,514
47,059
140,891
7,122
(41,063)

$173,680
44,750
149,200
449
(28,708)

$166,222
38,356
135,651

-
(24,014)

$342,523

$339,371

$316,215

$23,532
1,420
9,550
435

$34,937

$18,007
3,948
13,918
(606)

$35,267

$18,968
4,101
13,948
-

$37,017

$177,862
36,757
108,383
23,259

$203,208
27,306
101,992
7,312

$212,894
25,030
99,051
-

$346,261

$339,818

$336,975

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
             
           
             
             
 
 
Net Sales by market 
Emerging
Mature

Net Sales by country
United States
Brazil
Italy
Germany
France
Other international

2012

2011

2010

$158,477
184,046

$149,557
190,174

$132,775
183,440

$342,523

$339,731

$316,215

$101,632
28,115
30,996
12,318
13,078
156,384

$99,023
33,068
33,667
14,482
13,884
145,247

$98,738
25,619
29,461
14,134
12,252
136,011

$342,523

$339,371

$316,215

21.  Interest Expense, Net 

Net interest expense consisted of: 

Interest expense
Less Capitalized interest

    Interest expense, net

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

December 31, 2010

$22,868
(1,902)

$20,966

$22,786
(1,580)

$21,206

$21,289
(518)

$20,771

22.  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of:

Minimum pension liability adjustment
Foreign currency translation adjustment 
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss

23.  Subsequent Events 

December 31, 2012

December 31, 2011

($57,504)
(8,760)
($66,264)

($46,360)
(10,272)
($56,632)

Viskase evaluated its December 31, 2012 consolidated financial statements for subsequent events 
through April 10, 2013, the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued.  
There were no subsequent events requiring disclosure identified.  

43