Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Packaging & Containers / Viskase Companies, Inc.

Viskase Companies, Inc.

vksc · OTC Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker vksc
Exchange OTC
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Packaging & Containers
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2017 Annual Report · Viskase Companies, Inc.
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VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2017 

This report has been prepared in accordance with Section 5.04 of the Credit 
Agreement dated as of January 30, 2014 among Viskase Companies, Inc. (the 
“Company”) and UBS AG, Stamford Branch as administrative agent and as collateral 
agent (the “Agent”). 

1 

 
            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
      CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND   

       SUBSIDIARIES 

1.        Financial Statements: 

Report of Independent Certified Public Accountants 

 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 

 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 

2017, 2016 and 2015 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for years ended  
 December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 

 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 
 2016 and 2015 

2.        Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GrantThorntonTower
171 N. Clark Street, Suite200
Chicago, IL60601-3370

T +1312.856.0200
F +1312.565.4719
www.GrantThornton.com

Board of Directors
Viskase Companies, Inc.

WehaveauditedtheaccompanyingconsolidatedfinancialstatementsofViskaseCompanies,Inc.
(aDelawarecorporation)and subsidiaries, whichcomprisetheconsolidatedbalance sheets asof
December31,2017and2016,andtherelatedconsolidatedstatementsofoperations,
comprehensiveincome(loss),changesinstockholders’equity,andcashflowsforeachofthe
threeyearsintheperiodendedDecember31,2017,andtherelatednotestothefinancial
statements.

Management s responsibility for the financial statements  
Managementisresponsibleforthepreparationandfairpresentationoftheseconsolidated
financialstatementsinaccordancewithaccountingprinciplesgenerallyacceptedintheUnited
StatesofAmerica;thisincludes thedesign,implementation, andmaintenanceofinternalcontrol
relevanttothepreparationandfairpresentationofconsolidatedfinancialstatementsthatarefree
frommaterialmisstatement, whetherdueto fraud or error.

Auditor s responsibility  
Ourresponsibilityistoexpressanopinionontheseconsolidatedfinancialstatementsbasedon
our audits.We conductedour audits in accordance with auditing standards generally acceptedin
theUnitedStatesofAmerica.Thosestandardsrequirethatweplanandperformtheauditto
obtainreasonableassuranceaboutwhethertheconsolidatedfinancialstatementsarefreefrom
material misstatement.

Anauditinvolvesperformingprocedurestoobtainauditevidenceabouttheamountsand
disclosuresintheconsolidatedfinancialstatements.Theproceduresselecteddependonthe
auditor’sjudgment,includingtheassessmentoftherisksofmaterialmisstatementofthe
consolidatedfinancialstatements,whetherduetofraudorerror.Inmakingthoserisk
assessments,theauditorconsidersinternalcontrolrelevanttotheentity’spreparationandfair
presentationoftheconsolidatedfinancialstatementsinordertodesignauditproceduresthatare
appropriateinthecircumstances,butnotforthepurposeofexpressinganopiniononthe
effectivenessoftheentity’sinternalcontrol.Accordingly,weexpressnosuchopinion.Anaudit

U.S. member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd

 
 
 
2 

alsoincludesevaluatingtheappropriatenessofaccountingpoliciesusedandthereasonableness
ofsignificantaccountingestimatesmadebymanagement,aswellasevaluatingtheoverall
presentationoftheconsolidated financialstatements.

Webelievethattheauditevidencewehaveobtainedissufficientandappropriatetoprovide a
basis forouraudit opinion.

Opinion  
Inouropinion,theconsolidatedfinancialstatementsreferredtoabovepresentfairly,inall
materialrespects,thefinancialpositionofViskaseCompanies,Inc.andsubsidiariesasof
December31,2017and2016,andtheresultsoftheiroperationsandtheircashflowsforeachof
thethreeyearsintheperiodendedDecember31,2017,inaccordancewithaccountingprinciples
generallyaccepted intheUnitedStatesof America.

Chicago, Illinois
March 29, 2018

U.S. member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd

 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(In Thousands, Except for Number of Shares) 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$16,050
1,544
77,961
91,589
39,444

226,588

349,809
(178,757)

171,052

360
18,606
26,859
3,580
35,091

$39,129
2,063
62,938
72,279
28,361

204,770

304,080
(153,554)

150,526

-
11,463
203
329
51,386

$482,136

$418,677

$4,774
481
35,954
38,047
79,256

269,915
986
10,138
78,415
9,567

373
32,786

81,891
(298)
(80,749)

34,003

(144)

33,859

$482,136

$2,750
90
28,582
33,491
64,913

261,905
61
1,770
59,975
326

373
32,472

85,832
(298)
(88,652)

29,727

-

29,727

$418,677

ASSETS
Current assets:
   Cash and cash equivalents
   Restricted cash
   Receivables, net
   Inventories
   Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Less accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

Asset held for sale
Other assets, net
Intangible assets
Goodwill
Deferred income taxes

Total Assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
   Short-term debt
   Short-term portion of capital lease obligations
   Accounts payable
   Accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net of current maturities
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion
Long-term liabilities
Accrued employee benefits
Deferred income taxes

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 37,329,269 shares issued and 36,523,999 
outstanding at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 
Paid in capital

Retained earnings
Less 805,270 treasury shares, at cost
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total Viskase stockholders' equity

Deficit attributable to non-controlling interest

Total stockholders' equity

Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
                        
                        
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  
(In Thousands) 

NET SALES

Cost of sales

GROSS MARGIN

Selling, general and administrative
Amortization of intangibles
Asset impairment charge
Restructuring expense

OPERATING INCOME

Interest income
Interest expense, net
Other (income) expense, net

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES

Income tax provision 

NET (LOSS) INCOME 

Year
Ended
December
31, 2017

Year
Ended
December
31, 2016

Year
Ended
December
31, 2015

$391,978

$328,820

$343,583

296,100

247,570

258,893

95,878

62,592
1,556
1,832
1,745

28,153

85
13,217
(1,148)

16,169

20,410

($4,241)

81,250

51,934
18

-
4,809

24,489

22
12,543
(1,238)

13,206

7,646

$5,560

84,690

52,589
16
445
2,672

28,968

31
12,458
5,358

11,183

9,886

$1,297

-

Less: net (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

(144)

-

Net (loss) income attributable to Viskase Companies, Inc

($4,097)

$5,560

$1,297

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES

- BASIC 

36,523,999

36,186,302

36,184,334

PER SHARE AMOUNTS:
EARNINGS PER SHARE

- BASIC

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES

($0.11)

$0.15

$0.04

- DILUTED

36,523,999

36,243,772

37,189,121

PER SHARE AMOUNTS:
EARNINGS PER SHARE

- DILUTED

($0.11)

$0.15

$0.03

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                 
                    
                 
                 
                 
                    
                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 
(In Thousands) 

Year
Ended
December
31, 2017

Year
Ended
December
31, 2016

Year
Ended
December
31, 2015

Net (loss) income

($4,241)

$5,560

$1,297

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

    Pension liability adjustment
    Foreign currency translation adjustment

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

1,256
6,647

7,903

482
(5,296)

(4,814)

1,454
(9,775)

(8,321)

Comprehensive income (loss) 

$3,662

$746

($7,024)

Less: comprehensive (loss) attributable to 
noncontrolling interests

Net comprehensive income attributable to Viskase 

(144)

$3,806

-

$746

-

($7,024)

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

7 

 
 
 
 
                    
                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY  
(In Thousands) 

Accumulated otherTotal Viskase

Total 

Balance December 31, 2014

Common
stock

$370

Paid in
capital
$32,801

Treasury
stock

($298)

Retained 
earnings
$78,975

comprehensive 
loss

stockholders’Non-controllingstockholders’

equity 

Interest
$              
-

equity (deficit)
36,331

1,297

(9,775)

1,454

-

60
29,367

5,560

(5,296)

482

(386)
29,727

(4,241)
6,647
1,256

-

156
314
$33,859

Net income

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Pension liability adjustment, net of tax

Stock option expense

Stock option exercise

-

-

-

-

-

Balance December 31, 2015

$370

Net income

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Pension liability adjustment, net of tax

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

60
$32,861

-

-

-

Stock option expense

3

(389)

-

-

-

-

-

1,297

-

-

-

-

($75,517)

$36,331

-

(9,775)

1,454

-

-

1,297

(9,775)

1,454

-

60

($298)

$80,272

($83,838)

$29,367

-

-

-

-

5,560

-

-

-

-

(5,296)

482

-

5,560

(5,296)

482

(386)

-

-

-

-

-
$              
-

-

-

-

-
$              
-

Balance December 31, 2016

$373

$32,472

($298)

$85,832

($88,652)

$29,727

Net loss

Foreign currency translation adjustment
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax 
Cumulative-effect adjustment resulting from 

   adopting ASU 2016-09

Stock option expense
Balance December 31, 2017

-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-

(4,097)

-
-

-
-
$373

-
314
$32,786

-
-
($298)

156
-
$81,891

-
6,647
1,256

-
-
($80,749)

(4,097)

6,647
1,256

156

314
$34,003

(144)
-
-

-
-
($144)

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
          
           
            
           
                      
                
            
           
            
           
            
                
           
           
            
           
            
                
            
           
            
           
            
                      
               
                
                
           
           
            
                      
                
                 
          
 
           
            
           
                      
                
            
           
            
           
            
                
           
           
            
           
            
                
               
              
           
            
                      
                
              
          
           
            
           
                      
           
           
            
           
            
                   
                
            
           
            
           
            
                   
                
            
                
           
            
           
            
                      
                
               
           
           
           
            
                      
                
               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VISKASE COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(In Thousands) 

Year
Ended
December
31, 2017

Year
Ended
December
31, 2016

Year
Ended
December
31, 2015

($4,241)

$5,560

$1,297

22,106
224
1,556
597
15,423
211
1,832

348
480

(594)
(6,759)
(8,694)
2,054
(2,406)
1,263
(266)
1,237
(668)

27,944

23,703

(25,674)

(31,141)

308

(56,507)

-
(120)
10,716
(2,750)
(476)
519
7,889

1,836

(23,079)

39,129

$16,050

$12,169

$7,820

-

19,051
-

18
639
(1,279)
244
-

10
123

(3,191)
3,297
(4,131)
3,400
4,752
5,078
(4,086)
-
(1,109)

22,816

28,376

(18,091)

(4,063)

51

(22,103)

3
(245)
-
(3,166)
(170)
(699)
(4,277)

(188)

1,808

37,321

$39,129

$11,845

$6,750

$1,760

18,843
60
16
589
3,078
1,375
-

475
90

1,164
(2,207)
1,968
(1,297)
2,788
347
(2,294)
-
(1,383)

23,612

24,909

(21,991)

-

40

(21,951)

-
(120)
-
(3,310)
(348)
-
(3,778)

(1,169)

(1,989)

39,310

$37,321

$13,761

$6,376

-

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net (loss) income 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash 

 provided by operating activities:

Depreciation
Stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangibles
Amortization of deferred financing fees
Deferred income taxes
Loss on disposition of assets
Loss on impairment of assets

Bad debt and accounts receivable provision
Non-cash interest on term loans

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Receivables
Inventories
Other current assets
Accounts payable
Accrued current liabilities
Accrued employee benefits
Other assets
Other long term liabilities
Other

Total adjustments

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Capital expenditures

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from disposition of assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
    Issuance of common stock
Deferred financing costs
Proceeds from long-term debt
Repayment of short-term debt
Repayment of capital lease
Restricted cash

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash

Net increase (decrease)in cash and equivalents

Cash and equivalents at beginning of period

Cash and equivalents at end of period

Supplemental cash flow information:

Interest paid less capitalized interest

Income taxes paid 

Non cash capital expenditures

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
                    
                     
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                       
                    
              
                    
                    
               
               
                    
                    
                    
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
 (In Thousands) 

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policy 

Nature of Operations 

Viskase Companies, Inc. together with its subsidiaries (“we” or the “Company”) is a producer of non-
edible cellulosic, fibrous and plastic casings used to prepare and package processed meat products, 
and provides value-added support services relating to these products, for some of the largest global 
consumer products companies. We were incorporated in Delaware in 1970.  The Company operates 
eleven manufacturing facilities, six distribution centers and three service centers in North America, 
Europe, South America, and Asia and, as a result, is able to sell its products in nearly one hundred 
countries throughout the world.  

Principles of Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company. Intercompany accounts 
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements 

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles 
(“GAAP”) in the United States of America and include the use of estimates and assumptions that 
affect a number of amounts included in the Company’s financial statements, including, among other 
things, pensions and other postretirement benefits and related disclosures, reserves for excess and 
obsolete inventory, allowance for doubtful accounts, and income taxes. Management bases its 
estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. If actual 
amounts are ultimately different from previous estimates, the revisions are included in the 
Company’s results for the period in which the actual amounts become known. Historically, the 
aggregate differences, if any, between the Company’s estimates and actual amounts in any year 
have not had a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

Reclassifications 
Certain prior period financial statement balances have been reclassified to conform to the current 
period presentation. Items include the reclassification of employee benefits from other current 
liabilities to long-term accrued employee benefits in the balance sheet. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers cash equivalents to consist of 
all highly liquid debt investments purchased with an initial maturity of approximately three months or 
less. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the carrying values approximate the fair 
market value. Cash equivalents include $180 and $158 of short-term investments at December 31, 
2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.  Of the cash held on deposit, essentially all of the cash 
balance was in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or other 
foreign provided bank insurance.  The Company performs periodic evaluations of these institutions 
for relative credit standing and has not experienced any losses as a result of its cash 
concentration.  Consequently, no significant concentrations of credit risk are considered to exist. 

Receivables 

Trade accounts receivable are classified as current assets and are reported net of allowance for 
doubtful accounts and a reserve for returns.  This estimated allowance is primarily based upon our 
evaluation of the financial condition of each customer, each customer’s ability to pay and historical 
write-offs.   

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inventories 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market.   Cost is determined by using the first-in, 
first-out (“FIFO”) basis method. 

Property, Plant and Equipment 

The Company carries property, plant and equipment at cost, less accumulated depreciation. 
Property and equipment additions include acquisition of property and equipment and costs incurred 
for computer software purchased for internal use including related external direct costs of materials 
and services and payroll costs for employees directly associated with the project. Upon retirement or 
other disposition, cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and 
any gain or loss is included in results of operations. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line 
method using a half year convention over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from (i) 
building and improvements - 10 to 32 years, (ii) machinery and equipment - 4 to 12 years, (iii) 
furniture and fixtures - 3 to 12 years, (iv) auto and trucks - 2 to 5 years, (v) data processing – 3 to 7 
years and (vi) leasehold improvements - shorter of lease or useful life. 

In the ordinary course of business, we lease certain equipment, consisting mainly of autos, and 
certain real property. Real property consists of manufacturing, distribution and office facilities.   

During 2017, the Company approved a restructuring plan in its European segment that included the 
marketing and sale of a certain fixed asset.   The Company has approved a plan for sale and 
recorded the asset as Asset Held for Sale at year end.  We have reached a tentative agreement and 
expect to finalize the sale of the asset in early 2018.  The Company recognized an asset impairment 
of $559 in recording the asset at fair market value.     The restructuring plan also included an 
additional asset impairment of $417 for fixed assets retired from service. 

The Company also recognized an asset impairment of $856 for assets with no future cash flow 
considerations.   

Deferred Financing Costs 

Deferred financing costs are presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying 
amount of debt liability and amortized as expense using the effective interest rate method over the 
expected term of the related debt agreement. Amortization of deferred financing costs is classified 
as interest expense. 

Intangible Assets and Goodwill 

The Company has recognized definite lived intangible assets for patents and trademarks, customer 
relationships, technologies and in-place leases. The intangible assets are amortized on the straight-
line method over an estimated weighted average useful life of 12 years for patents and trademarks, 
20 years for customer relationships, 13 years for technologies and 14 years for in-place leases.  

We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill annually and between annual evaluations if events occur 
or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit 
below its carrying amount. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant 
adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an 
adverse action or assessment by a regulator. Goodwill impairment testing involves a two-step 
process. Step 1 compares the fair value of our reporting units to their carrying values. If the fair value 
of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, no further analysis is necessary. The reporting unit 
fair value is based upon consideration of various valuation methodologies, including guideline 
transaction multiples, multiples of current earnings, and projected future cash flows discounted at 
rates commensurate with the risk involved.  If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its 
fair value, Step 2 must be completed to quantify the amount of impairment. Step 2 calculates the 
implied fair value of goodwill by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible assets, 
excluding goodwill, of the reporting unit, from the fair value of the reporting unit as determined in 
Step 1. The implied fair value of goodwill determined in this step is compared to the carrying value of 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
goodwill. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying value of goodwill, an impairment 
loss, equal to the difference, is recognized. 

Long-Lived Assets  

The Company continues to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets including property, plant 
and equipment, trademarks and patents.   Impairments are recognized when the expected 
undiscounted future operating cash flows derived from long-lived assets are less than their carrying 
value. If impairment is identified, valuation techniques deemed appropriate under the particular 
circumstances will be used to determine the asset’s fair value. The loss will be measured based on 
the excess of carrying value over the determined fair value.  The review for impairment is performed 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may not 
be recoverable. 

Shipping and Handling 

The Company periodically bills customers for shipping charges.  These amounts are included in net 
revenue, with the associated costs included in cost of sales. 

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits 

The Company uses appropriate actuarial methods and assumptions in accounting for its defined 
benefit pension plans and non-pension postretirement benefits. 

Actual results that differ from assumptions used are accumulated and amortized over future periods 
and, accordingly, generally affect recognized expense and the recorded obligation in future periods. 
Therefore, assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations as of the end of a fiscal year directly 
impact the expense to be recognized in future periods. The primary assumptions affecting the 
Company’s accounting for employee benefits as of December 31, 2017 are as follows:  

  •    Long-term rate of return on plan assets: The required use of the expected long-term rate of 

return on plan assets may result in recognized returns that are greater or less than the actual 
returns on those plan assets in any given year. Over time, however, the expected long-term 
rate of return on plan assets is designed to approximate actual earned long-term returns. The 
Company uses long-term historical actual return information, the mix of investments that 
comprise plan assets, and future estimates of long-term investment returns by reference to 
external sources to develop an assumption of the expected long-term rate of return on plan 
assets. The expected long-term rate of return is used to calculate net periodic pension cost. In 
determining its pension obligations, the Company is using a long-term rate of return on U.S. 
plan assets of 7.50% for 2017.   The Company is using a long-term rate of return on French 
plan assets of 3.20% for 2017.  The German pension plan has no assets.   

  •   Discount rate: The discount rate is used to calculate future pension and postretirement 

obligations.   The Company is using a Mercer Bond yield curve in determining its pension 
obligations. The Company is using a discount rate of 4.47% for 2017.  The Company is using a 
weighted average discount rate of 1.77% on its non-U.S. pension plans for 2017.  

Income Taxes 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax laws and tax rates expected to 
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be 
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities due to a change in tax rates is 
recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In addition, the amounts of any 
future tax benefits are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent such benefits are not expected 
to be realized on a more likely than not basis. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax 
benefits are included as a component of tax expense. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) 

Comprehensive income (loss) includes all other non-stockholder changes in equity. Changes in 
other comprehensive income (loss) in 2017 and 2016 resulted from changes in foreign currency 
translation and minimum pension liability. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenues are recognized at the time products are shipped to the customer, under F.O.B shipping 
point or F.O.B port terms, which is the point at which title is transferred, the customer has the 
assumed risk of loss, and when payment has been received or collection is reasonably 
assured.  Revenues are net of discounts, rebates and allowances.  Viskase records all labor, raw 
materials, in-bound freight, plant receiving and purchasing, warehousing, handling and distribution 
costs as a component of costs of sales. 

Acquisitions of Businesses 

We account for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting (other than 
acquisitions of businesses under common control), which requires us to recognize separately from 
goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. While 
we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed at the acquisition date as well as contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates 
are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. 

Accounting for business combinations requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions, 
especially at the acquisition date including our estimates for intangible assets, contractual 
obligations assumed, pre-acquisition contingencies, and contingent consideration, where applicable. 
In valuing our acquisitions we estimate fair values based on industry data and trends and by 
reference to relevant market rates and transactions, and discounted cash flow valuation methods, 
among other factors. The discount rates used were commensurate with the inherent risks associated 
with each type of asset and the level and timing of cash flows appropriately reflect market participant 
assumptions. The primary items that generate goodwill include the value of the synergies between 
the acquired company and our existing businesses and the value of the acquired assembled 
workforce, neither of which qualifies for recognition as an intangible asset. 

 Financial Instruments 

The Company routinely enters into fixed price natural gas agreements which require us to purchase 
a portion of our natural gas each month at fixed prices.  These fixed price agreements qualify for the 
“normal purchases” scope exception under derivative and hedging standards, therefore the natural 
gas purchases under these contracts were expensed as incurred and included within cost of sales. 
As of December 31, 2017, future annual minimum purchases remaining under the agreement are 
$1,602. 

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and 
accounts payable. The carrying amounts of these financial assets and liabilities approximate fair 
value due to the short maturities of these instruments.  Management believes the fair value of the 
Company’s revolving loans approximate the carrying value due to credit risk or current market rates, 
which approximate the effective interest rates on those instruments.   The fair value of the 
Company’s Term Loan is estimated by discounting the future cash flow using the Company’s current 
borrowing rates for similar types and maturities of debt. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New Accounting Pronouncements  

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09 (“ASU 2014-09), 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which supersedes most of the current revenue recognition 
requirements. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer 
of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange 
for those goods or services. The guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine 
when and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include capitalization of certain 
contract costs, consideration of time value of money in the transaction price, and allowing estimates 
of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in certain 
circumstances. The guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, 
timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity's contracts with customers. 
On July 9, 2015, the FASB board voted to defer the effective date to annual reporting periods 
beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after 
December 15, 2019 (early adoption is permitted no earlier than the original effective date). The 
guidance permits the use of either a retrospective or cumulative effect transition method.  

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 
606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), which clarify 
the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. The effective date to annual 
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within annual periods 
beginning after December 15, 2019 (early adoption is permitted no earlier than the original effective 
date). The Company will adopt the provisions of ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-08 on January 1, 2018 
using the modified retrospective application method. 

Revenues are recognized at the time products are shipped to the customer (i.e. point in time), under 
F.O.B shipping point, customer pick up or F.O.B port terms. As such, the Company expects the 
adoptions of ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-08 will have no significant impact to the Company’s 
financial position or results of operations; however, the Company will present the disclosures 
required by these new standards. 

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory.” This 
update provides that an entity should measure inventory with the scope of the update at the lower of 
cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course 
of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The 
amendments in this update are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning 
after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. 
The adoption of this guidance will have an immaterial effect on our consolidated financial position, 
results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and disclosures.  

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall: Recognition and 
Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. This new standard provides guidance on 
how entities measure certain equity investments and present changes in the fair value. This 
standard requires that entities measure certain equity investments that do not result in consolidation 
and are not accounted for under the equity method at fair value and recognize any changes in fair 
value in net income. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2017. 
The adoption of this guidance will have an immaterial impact on the Company's financial statements 
and disclosures. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to 
recognize a right of use asset and related lease liability for those leases classified as operating 
leases at the commencement date and have lease terms of more than 12 months. This topic retains 
the distinction between finance leases and operating leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal 
years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years, and must apply a 
modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning 
of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently 
evaluating the provisions of this guidance and assessing its impact on the Company's financial 
statements and disclosures. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation- 
Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), which involves several 
aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax 
consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the 
statement of cash flows. Under the new standard, income tax benefits and deficiencies are to be 
recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement and the tax effects of 
exercised or vested awards should be treated as discrete items in the reporting period in which they 
occur. An entity should also recognize excess tax benefits regardless of whether the benefit reduces 
taxes payable in the current period. Excess tax benefits should be classified along with other income 
tax cash flows as an operating activity. In regards to forfeitures, the entity may make an entity-wide 
accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or 
account for forfeitures when they occur. The Company adopted this ASU for fiscal years beginning 
after December 15, 2016 including interim periods. The adoption of this guidance did not have a 
material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, 
cash flows and disclosures.  

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and 
Cash Payments, which amends FASB ASC Topic 230, Statement of Cash Flows. This ASU seeks to 
reduce the diversity currently in practice by providing guidance on the presentation of eight specific 
cash flow issues in the statement of cash flows. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We currently are evaluating the 
impact of this guidance on our consolidated statement of cash flows. 

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than 
Inventory, which amends FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. This ASU requires the recognition of 
income tax consequences of an intraentity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the 
transfer occurs. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred incomes taxes 
for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. This ASU is 
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal 
years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our 
consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and 
disclosures. 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash, which amends FASB ASC 
Topic 230, Statement of Cash Flows. This ASU requires that the statement of cash flows explain the 
change during the period total cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as 
restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.  We 
are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial position, results of 
operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and disclosures. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other” (Topic 350). 
This ASU modifies the concept of impairment from the condition that exists when the carrying 
amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value to the condition that exists when the carrying 
amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. An entity no longer will determine goodwill 
impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting 
unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business 
combination. Because the update will eliminate Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test, it should 
reduce the cost and complexity of evaluating goodwill for impairment. This ASU is effective for 
annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, 
with early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing 
dates after January 1, 2017. 

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Retirement Benefits, which amends FASB ASC 
Topic 715, Compensation - Retirement Benefits. This ASU requires entities to present the service 
cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the same line item or items in the financial statements 
as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the 
period. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods 
within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
guidance on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash 
flows and disclosures. 

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Targeting Improvements to Accounting for Hedging 
Activities, which amends FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. This ASU includes 
amendments to existing guidance to better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial 
reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement 
guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. This ASU is 
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal 
years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our 
consolidated financial statements. 

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which amends FASB ASC Topic 220, Income 
Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income. This ASU allows a reclassification out of 
accumulated other comprehensive loss within equity for standard tax effects resulting from the Tax 
Cuts and Jobs Act and consequently, eliminates the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts 
and Jobs Act. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim 
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact 
of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements. 

2. Revision of Previously Reported Consolidated Financial Statements  

The Company has revised its consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016, and changes in 
stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related notes. 
During 2017, it was determined in a single foreign location that the translation of certain property, 
plant and equipment used the incorrect exchange rate; therefore, property, plant and equipment and 
accumulated other comprehensive income were misstated. In addition taxes payables were 
overstated with the offsetting adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income. 

A reconciliation of the effects of the adjustments to the previously reported consolidated balance 
sheet at December 31, 2016 follows: 

2016 Previously 
Reported

Translation 
Adjustments

Taxes Payable 
Adjustments

2016 Currently 
Reported

$308,841 

($4,761)

 $                -   

$304,080 

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment, net

Total assets

Accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities & stockholders’ equity

(85,575)

32,804 

423,438 

(4,761)

(4,761)

(4,761)

                  -   

155,287 

423,438 

(4,761)

                  -   

(4,761)

                  -   

38,796 

                  -   

70,218 

                  -   

(1,684)

(1,684)

1,684 

1,684 

150,526 

418,677 

37,112 

68,534 

(88,652)

29,727 

418,677 

A reconciliation of the previously reported consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity at 
December 31, 2014, December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2016 follows: 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Previously 
Reported

Translation 
Adjustments

Taxes Payable 
Adjustments

Currently 
Reported

December 31, 2014:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss  $        (72,958) $          (2,559)
Total stockholders’ equity

38,890 

(2,559)

December 31, 2015:
Foreign currency translation adjustment

(1,229)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss  $        (80,050) $          (3,788)
Total stockholders’ equity

(8,546)

33,155 

(3,788)

 $                -    $        (75,517)

                  -   

36,331 

                  -   

(9,775)

 $                -    $        (83,838)

                  -   

29,367 

December 31, 2016:
Foreign currency translation adjustment

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity

(6,007)

(85,575)

32,804 

(973)

(4,761)

(4,761)

1,684

1,684

1,684

(5,296)

(88,652)

29,727 

 A reconciliation of the previously reported consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the 
year ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2016: 

Previously 
Reported

Translation 
Adjustments

Taxes Payable 
Adjustments

Currently 
Reported

Year Ended December 31, 2015:
Foreign currency translation adjustment $          (8,546) $          (1,229)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Comprehensive income
Year Ended December 31, 2016:
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Comprehensive income

(6,007)
(5,525)
35 

(7,092)
(5,795)

(973)
(973)
(973)

(1,229)
(1,229)

 $                -    $          (9,775)
(8,321)
                  -   
(7,024)
                  -   

1,684 
1,684 
1,684 

(5,296)
(4,814)
746 

The revision was not material and had no impact on net income, net cash flows from 
operating, investing or financing activities. 

3.   Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$16,050 
1,544

$17,594 

$39,129 
2,063

$41,192 

As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, cash held in foreign banks was $13,590 and 
$27,224, respectively. 

As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, letters of credit in the amount of $1,544 and 
$2,063, respectively, were outstanding under facilities with a commercial bank, and were cash 
collateralized in a restricted account.   

17 

 
 
     
             
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.  Receivables, net 

Accounts receivable, gross
Less allowance for doubtful accounts 
Less allowance for sales returns

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$79,143 
(791)
(391)

$77,961 

$63,795 
(553)
(304)

$62,938 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Beginning balance
   Provision (recoveries) 
   Write-offs
   Other and translation

Ending balance

$857 
348 
(24)
1 

$1,182 

$1,006 
10 
(152)
(7)

$857 

$1,121 
475 
(564)
(26)

$1,006 

5.  Inventory 

     Inventory consisted of: 

Raw materials
Work in process
Finished products

6.   Property, Plant and Equipment, Net 

Land and improvements
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment
Construction in progress

Accumulated Depreciation 

Land and improvements
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$18,224 
40,194 
33,171 

$91,589 

$9,777 
34,249 
28,253 

$72,279 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$1,954 
41,979 
287,974 
17,902 

$1,954 
37,928 
256,512 
7,686 

$349,809 

$304,080 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$352 
15,169 
163,236 

$328 
12,551 
140,675 

$178,757 

$153,554 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7.   Other Assets 

Other taxes receivable
Indemnification asset
Other  

8.   Accrued Liabilities 

Accrued liabilities were comprised of:

Compensation and employee benefits
Taxes payable
Accrued volume and sales rebates
Accrued interest payable
Restructuring reserve
Other

9.   Debt Obligations  

Short-term debt:
        Bank term loan
        Restructured term loan
                Total short-term debt

Long-term debt:
        Bank term loan, net of discount
        Revolving credit facility 
        Restructured term loan
        Other
                Total long-term debt

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

$10,924 
6,793 
889 
$18,606 

$11,145 

                          -   

318 
$11,463 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$13,210 
13,606 
4,598 
89 
200 
6,345 
$38,048 

$10,532 
12,493 
1,305 
41 
3,210 
5,910 
$33,491 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$2,750
2,024
4,774

259,403
3,000
7,103
409
269,915

$2,750
-
2,750

261,578

-
-
327
261,905

                      Total debt

$274,689

$264,655

Revolving Credit Facility 

On January 30, 2014, the Company entered into an Amendment Agreement to the $25,000 Revolving 
Credit Facility, together with an amended Loan Agreement, with Icahn Enterprises Holdings L.P.  
Drawings under the amended Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at daily three month LIBOR plus 
2.0%.  The amended Revolving Credit Facility also provides for an unused line fee of 0.375% per 
annum. 

On March 1, 2016, the Company entered into the Tenth Amendment to the Loan and Security 
Agreement with Icahn Enterprises L.P., extending the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility 
from January 30, 2017 to January 30, 2020.  The amendment included a fee of $125 for the extension. 

Indebtedness under the amended Revolving Credit Facility is secured by liens on substantially all of 
the Company’s domestic and Mexican assets, with liens on (i) accounts, inventory, lockboxes, deposit 
accounts and investment property (the “ABL Priority Collateral’) to be contractually senior to the liens 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
                        
 
 
                        
                        
 
 
 
securing the Term Loan (as hereafter defined) pursuant to an intercreditor agreement, (ii) real 
property, fixtures and improvements thereon, equipment and proceeds thereof (the “Fixed Asset 
Priority Collateral”), to be contractually subordinate to the liens securing the Term Loan pursuant to 
such intercreditor agreement, and (iii) all other assets, to be contractually pari passu with the liens 
securing the Term Loan pursuant to such intercreditor agreement.   Our future direct or indirect 
material domestic subsidiaries are required to guarantee the obligations under the amended 
Revolving Credit Agreement, and to provide security by liens on their assets as described above. 

The amended Revolving Credit Facility contains various covenants which restrict the Company’s 
ability to, among other things, incur indebtedness, create liens on our assets, make investments, 
enter into merger, consolidation or acquisition transactions, dispose of assets (other than in the 
ordinary course of business), make certain restricted payments, enter into sale and leaseback 
transactions and transactions with affiliates, in each case subject to permitted exceptions. The 
amended Revolving Credit Facility also requires that we comply with certain financial covenants, 
including meeting a minimum EBITDA requirement and limitations on capital expenditures, in the 
event our usage of the Revolving Credit Facility exceeds 90% of the facility amount.  The Company is 
in compliance with the Revolving Credit Facility covenants as of December 31, 2017.  The amended 
Revolving Credit Facility had borrowings of $3,000 as of December 31, 2017 and no borrowings at 
December 31, 2016.  As of December 31, 2017, the interest rate was 3.694% on the Revolving Credit 
Facility.   

In its foreign operations, the Company has unsecured lines of credit with various banks providing 
approximately $8,000 of availability.  There were no borrowings under the lines of credit at December 
31, 2017.   

Term Loan Facility 

On January 30, 2014, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with UBS AG, Stamford Branch 
(“UBS”), as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and the Lenders parties thereto, providing for a 
$275,000 senior secured covenant lite term loan facility (“Term Loan”).  The Term Loan bears interest 
at a LIBOR Rate plus 3.25% (with the LIBOR Rate carrying a 1.00% floor or at a Base Rate equal to 
the sum of (1) the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.50%, (c) 
one-month LIBOR plus 1.0%, or (d) 2.0%, plus (2) 2.25%).  As of December 31, 2017, the interest rate 
was 4.875% on the Term Loan.  The Term Loan has a contractual obligation to repay 1% annually that 
has been classified as short term debt.  The maturity date on the Term Loan is January 30, 2021.  The 
Term Loan is subject to certain additional mandatory prepayments upon asset sales, incurrence of 
indebtedness not otherwise permitted, and based upon a percentage of excess cash flow.  
Prepayments on the Term Loan may be made at any time, subject to a prepayment premium of 1% for 
certain prepayments during the first six months of the term. 

Indebtedness under the Term Loan is secured by liens on substantially all of the Company’s domestic 
and Mexican assets, with liens on (i) the Fixed Asset Priority Collateral, to be contractually senior to 
the liens securing the Revolving Credit Facility pursuant to the intercreditor agreement, (ii) the ABL 
Priority Collateral, to be contractually subordinate to the liens securing the Revolving Credit Facility 
pursuant to the intercreditor agreement, and (iii) all other assets, to be contractually pari passu with the 
liens securing the Revolving Credit Facility pursuant to the intercreditor agreement.  Our future direct 
or indirect material domestic subsidiaries are required to guarantee the obligations under the Term 
Loan, and to provide security by liens on their assets as described above. 

Restructured Term Loan  

On December 30, 2016, the Company entered into a Share and Asset Purchase Agreement (“SAPA”) 
to purchase all of the shares in CT Casings Beteiligungs GmbH (“Walsroder”) and certain assets of 
Poly-clip Systems LLC (see Footnote 17).   As part of the consideration for the purchase, a former 
Seller shareholder loan was restructured and remained outstanding at the January 10, 2017 closing 
in the original amount of EUR 8,111 or $9,257.  The Restructured Term Loan is due for repayment as 
follows:  EUR 1,688 is due on January 10, 2018; and the balance of EUR 6,423 is due on January 10, 
2020.   The Restructured Term Loan bears no interest, and was recorded for a book value of EUR 
7,320 using an imputed interest rate of 4%.  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Debt Maturity 

The aggregate maturities of debt (1) for each of the next five years are: 

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Term Loan Facility

 $   2,750 

 $   2,750 

 $   2,750      $ 255,750       $         -   

 $          -   

Revolving Credit Facility

-

           -   

      3,000 

            -   

            -   

             -   

Restructured Term Loan

2,024

           -   

7,703

            -   

            -   

             -   

Other

           -   

           -   

           -   

            -   

            -   

964 

 $   4,774 

 $   2,750 

 $ 13,453 

 $ 255,750 

 $         -   

 $        964 

 (1) The aggregate maturities of debt represent amounts to be paid at maturity and not                   

the current carrying value of the debt. 

 (2) The amounts are for the remainder of the calendar year. 

10.   Capital Lease Obligations 

The Company has entered into capital lease obligations to acquire certain equipment and building 
improvements for its manufacturing facilities.  The equipment leases have a term of 3 to 5 years and 
the building improvement lease has a term of 5 years.   The Company has determined that 
automobiles leased by the Company are capital leases with an average term of 4 years.   The 
depreciation of capital leases is included in depreciation expense.  

The following is an analysis of leased property under capital leases by major classes as of 
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. 

Building and improvements
Machinery and equipment
Less: Accumulated depreciation

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

$453
3,665
(2,651)

$1,467

$453
2,169
(2,454)

$168

The following is a schedule by years of minimum future lease payments as of December 31, 2017. 

Year ending December 31,

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter

Total minimum payments required

Less amount representing interest

$536
529
492
-
-
-

1,557

(90)

Present value of net minimum lease payments

$1,467

21 

 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                  
                  
                  
 
 
11. Operating Leases 

The Company has operating lease agreements for machinery, equipment and facilities. The majority 
of the facility leases require the Company to pay maintenance, insurance and real estate taxes. 
Certain of these leases contain escalation clauses and renewal options. 

Future minimum lease payments for operating leases that have initial or remaining non-cancelable 
lease terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2017, are: 

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Total thereafter

$4,870 
4,780 
4,864 
4,929 
2,504 
13,829 

Total minimum lease payments

$35,776 

Total rent expense during 2017, 2016 and 2015 amounted to $4,601, $2,836 and $3,313 
respectively. 

12.  Retirement Plans 

The Company and its subsidiaries have defined contribution and defined benefit plans varying by 
country and subsidiary. 

The Company’s operations in the United States, France, Germany and Canada historically offered 
defined benefit retirement plans (“Plan”) to their employees.  Most of these benefits have been 
terminated, resulting in various reductions in liabilities and curtailment gains. 

Included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax of $10,832 for  U.S. and $1,151 non 
U.S. , as of December 31, 2017 are the following amounts not yet recognized in net periodic benefit 
cost: 

Net actuarial loss                                      
Prior service credit                                             

($47,796)
3

                             (2,469)
                                (221)

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

Amounts included in other comprehensive loss expected to be recognized as a component of net 
periodic benefit cost for the year ending December 31, 2018 are: 

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

Net actuarial loss                                      

($3,651)

($137)

The measurement date for all defined benefit plans is December 31.   The year-end status of the 
plans is as follows: 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

Change in benefit obligation:

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year

$153,987

$156,435

$10,493

$10,023

Service cost

Interest cost

Actuarial loss (gain) 

Benefits paid

-

6,663

8,721

-

7,092

3,918

(8,700)

(13,458)

Liability (Gain)/Loss due to Curtailment

Net increase in obligation due to acquisition

Currency translation

-

-

-

-

-

-

675

458

41

(759)

(177)

14,805

1,445

394

194

639

(612)

174

-

(319)

Estimated benefit obligation at end of year

$160,671

$153,987

$26,981

$10,493

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

$107,447

$113,321

$2,278

Actual return on plan assets

Employer contribution

Benefits paid

Currency translation

14,631

540

7,309

275

(8,700)

(13,458)

-

-

77

-

(1,325)

313

$3,973

(135)

-

(1,434)

(126)

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

$113,918

$107,447

$1,343

$2,278

Unfunded status of the plan

($46,753)

($46,540)

($25,638)

($8,215)

Amounts recognized in statement of financial 
position:

Current liabilities

Noncurrent liabilities

Net amount recognized

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

($71)

($71)

($164)

(46,682)

(46,469)

(25,474)

($147)

(8,068)

($46,753)

($46,540)

($25,638)

($8,215)

The funded status of these pension plans as a percentage of the projected benefit obligation was 61% in 
2017 compared to 67% in 2016.  

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

Projected benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets

$160,671 
$113,918

$153,987 
$107,447

$26,981 
$1,343

$10,493 
$2,278

Components of net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31: 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
       
       
           
           
          
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Pension Benefits
2016

2017

2015

Non U.S. Pension Benefits
2015
2016
2017

Component of net period benefit cost

Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of prior service cost
Amortization of actuarial loss

-
$        
6,663
(7,709)
-
4,605
$3,559

-
$        
7,093
(8,144)
-
4,369
$3,318

-
$        
6,895
(8,953)
-
4,083
$2,025

$640
428
(72)
-
237
$1,233

$415
204
(125)
-
171
$665

$441
222
(141)
-
176
$698

Weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost as 
of December 31: 

Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets

U.S. Pension Benefits 

Non U.S. Pension Benefits

2017

2016

2017

3.86%
7.50%

4.47%
7.50%

1.77%
3.20%

2016

1.45%
3.20%

The Company evaluates its discount rate assumption annually as of December 31 for each of its 
retirement-related benefit plans.   The Company is using a Mercer bond model for determining its U.S. 
pension benefits.   The Company is using a weighted average discount rate of 1.77% on its non U.S. 
pension plans for 2017.  

The Company’s expected return on plan assets is evaluated annually based upon a study which 
includes a review of anticipated future long-term performance of individual asset classes, and 
consideration of the appropriate asset allocation strategy to provide for the timing and amount of benefits 
included in the projected benefit obligation.  While the study gives appropriate consideration to recent 
fund performance and historical returns, the assumption is primarily a long-term prospective rate.   

The Company’s overall investment strategy is to achieve growth through a mix of approximately 75% of 
investments for long-term growth and 25% for near-term benefit payments with a wide diversification of 
asset types, fund strategies, and fund managers.  The target allocations for plan assets are 65% equity 
securities, 5% hedge funds and 25% to fixed income investments. Equity securities primarily include 
investments in large-cap, mid-cap and small-cap companies primarily located in the United States and 
international developed markets. Fixed income securities include corporate bonds of companies from 
diversified industries, mortgage-backed securities, and U.S. Treasuries. Other types of investments 
include investments in hedge funds that follow several different strategies. 

In accordance with FASB guidance, Plan management uses the following methods and significant 
assumptions to estimate fair value of investments.  

Money market   – overnight bank deposits and money market mutual funds maintaining at all times 
$1.00 Net Asset Value (“NAV”). 

US Government and agency obligations – U.S. Treasury bonds, notes and other government 
obligations. 

Exchange traded funds – marketable securities tracking asset baskets traded on active markets.  

Mutual funds - Valued at the net asset value (“NAV”) of shares or units held by the Plan at year-end 
which is obtained from an active market or at share or unit prices provided by the fund manager with 
significant observable inputs.  

Hedge funds - Value provided by the administrator of the fund. The pricing for these funds is 
provided monthly by the fund to determine the quoted price. 

Common stocks - marketable corporate equity securities traded on active markets. 

24 

 
 
      
      
      
      
      
      
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The fair values of the Company’s pension plan asset allocation at December 31, 2017 and 2016, by 
asset category are as follows: 

Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2017

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets
(Level 1)

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)

$3,794

$            
-

$              
-

1,493

25,690

35,776

33,559
$100,312

2,696

-

2,837

-
$5,533

-

-

-
$              
-

Money market

US Government and agency obligations

Exchange traded funds

Mutual funds

Common stocks

Total Assets in the fair value hierarchy

Investments measured at NAV (a)
Investments at fair value

Total

$3,794

4,189

25,690

38,613

33,559
105,845

9,416
$115,261

Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2016

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets
(Level 1)

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)

$4,097

$            
-

$              
-

1,574

23,389

35,847

2,200

-

2,682

-

-

-

30,819
$95,726

-
4,882

$        

1
$                 
1

Money market

US Government and agency obligations

Exchange traded funds

Mutual funds

Common stocks

Total Assets in the fair value hierarchy

Investments measured at NAV (a)
Investments at fair value

Total

$4,097

3,774

23,389

38,529

30,820
100,609

9,116
$109,725

(a) Hedge funds are measured at fair value using the NAV per share practical expedient, and therefore have not
       been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

The following table provides a summary of the estimated benefit payments for the postretirement 
plans for the next five fiscal years individually and for the following five fiscal years in the aggregate.   

25 

 
 
 
           
        
          
         
      
              
                
         
      
          
                
         
      
              
                
        
           
 
 
           
        
          
                
         
      
              
                
         
      
          
                
         
      
              
                  
        
           
 
 
 
 
Total Estimated Benefit 
Payments

U.S.

Non U.S 

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter  

$9,513
9,728
9,899
9,988
10,058
50,305

$531
517
799
735
765
17,043  

The Company’s expected contribution for the 2018 fiscal year is $3,106 for the U.S. pension plan. 
There is no funding requirement for non U.S. pension plans. 

Savings Plans 

The Company also has defined contribution savings and similar plans for eligible employees, which 
vary by subsidiary. The Company’s aggregate contributions to these plans are based on eligible 
employee contributions and certain other factors. The Company expense for these plans was $998, 
$1,263 and $1,212 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

International Plans 

The Company maintains various pension and statutory separation pay plans for its European 
employees.  The expense, not including the French and German pension plan, in 2017, 2016, and 
2015 was $572, $475 and $564, respectively. As of their most recent valuation dates, for those plans 
where vested benefits exceeded plan assets, the actuarially computed value of vested benefits 
exceeded those plans’ assets by approximately $5,961. 

13. Capital Stock, Treasury Stock and Paid in Capital  

Authorized shares of preferred stock ($0.01 par value per share) and common stock ($0.01 par 
value per share) for the Company are 50,000,000 shares and 50,000,000 shares, respectively.  

In 2004, the Company purchased 805,270 shares of its common stock from the underwriter for a 
purchase price of $298. The common stock has been accounted for as treasury stock.  

14.  Income Taxes 

Income tax provision (benefit) consisted of: 

Current

Domestic
Foreign

          Total current
Deferred

Domestic
Foreign
Total deferred

Total

2017

2016

2015

.

$274 
            4,713 

($51)
            8,976 

$240 
            6,568 

            4,987 

            8,925 

            6,808 

          15,842 
              (419)
          15,423 

               (75)
           (1,204)
           (1,279)

            4,782 
           (1,704)
            3,078 

$20,410 

$7,646 

$9,886 

The reconciliation of income tax provision (benefit) attributable to earnings differed from the amounts 
computed by applying the U.S. Federal statutory income tax rate to earnings by the following 
amounts: 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Temporary differences and net operating loss carryforwards that give rise to a significant portion of 
deferred tax assets and liabilities for 2017 and 2016 are as follows: 

Income (loss) before income taxes:

Domestic
Foreign

               Total

2017

2016

2015

$1,572 
          14,597 

($977)
          14,183 

$9,006 
            2,177 

$16,169 

$13,206 

$11,183 

Computed income tax provision 
State and local taxes, net of federal tax
Foreign taxes, net
Valuation allowance
Uncertain tax positions - (benefit) expense 
Foreign exchange impact
Permanent differences, net
Tax reform items
Revaluation of deferreds
Other, net

Total income tax expense 

Computed income tax provision 
State and local taxes, net of federal tax
Foreign taxes, net
Valuation allowance
Uncertain tax positions - expense (benefit) 
Foreign exchange impact
Permanent differences, net
Tax reform items
Revaluation of deferreds
Other, net

Effective income tax rate

$5,659
(62)
(442)
612
(1,419)
167
(235)
16,146
276
(292)
$20,410 

35.0%
-0.4%
-2.7%
3.8%
-8.8%
1.0%
-1.5%
99.9%
1.7%
-1.8%
126.2%

$4,622
(109)
342
277
1,557
(1,300)
2,018
-
-
239
$7,646 

35.0%
-0.8%
2.6%
2.1%
11.8%
-9.8%
15.3%
-
-
1.8%
57.9%

$3,914
440
940
282
1,138
2,475
(449)
-
-
1,146
$9,886 

35.0%
3.9%
8.4%
2.5%
10.2%
22.1%
-4.0%
-
-
10.2%
88.4%

Statutory federal rate

35.0%

35.0%

35.0%

27 

 
 
 
 
 
               
              
               
              
               
               
               
               
               
           
            
            
               
           
            
              
            
              
          
               
               
               
               
               
              
               
            
               
               
               
               
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Temporary differences and net operating loss carryforwards that give rise to a significant portion of 
 deferred tax assets and liabilities for 2017 and 2016 are as follows:      

Deferred tax asset
    Provisions not currently deductible
    Inventory basis differences
    Foreign exchange and other
    Stock options
    Pension and healthcare 
    Intangible asset
    Net operating loss carryforwards
    Valuation allowance
Total deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liability
    Property, plant, and equipment
    Intangible asset
    Foreign exchange and other
Total deferred tax liability

2017

2016

$5,434
3,554
3,762
97
14,290
7
26,088
(1,349)
$51,883

($10,852)
(8,467)
(7,040)
($26,359)
$25,524

$7,800
4,336
58
63
18,209
8
39,097
(595)
$68,976

($16,481)

-
(1,435)
($17,916)
$51,060

 The net deferred tax asset (liability) is classified in the balance sheet as follows: 

2017

2016

Non-current deferred tax assets
Non-current deferred tax liability
Non-current deferred tax assets (liability), net

$35,091
(9,567)
$25,524

$51,386
(326)
$51,060

A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net 
deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Management believes that is more likely than not that its net 
deferred tax assets will be realized based on the weight of positive evidence and future income 
except with respect to the loss in Poland and a portion of the state loss in the US.  The Company 
has a valuation allowance for Viskase Poland at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 of 
$999 and $425, respectively.  The Company has a valuation allowance for Darmex Casings Sp. z 
o.o. at December 31, 2017 of $30.   The Company has a valuation allowance in the U.S.   at 
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 of $527 and $170, respectively.  The Company has 
gross U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 
of $82,317 and $91,477, respectively, with amounts beginning to expire in 2024.  The Company has 
gross net operating loss carryforwards in Brazil at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 of 
$10,792 and $12,917, respectively and has an unlimited carryforward period.   The Company has 
gross net operating loss carryforwards in Poland at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 of 
$3,976 and $2,236, respectively and has a five year carryforward period. The Company has gross 
net operating loss carryforwards in Poland Darmex at December 31, 2017 of $156, and has a five 
year carryforward period.  The Company has gross net operating loss carryforwards in France at 
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 of $2,541 and $1,233, respectively and has an 
unlimited carryforward period. The Company has gross net operating loss carryforwards in Germany 
at December 31, 2017 of $14 for Trade Tax. Germany has an unlimited carryforward period on 
Trade Tax. 

The Company joins in filing a United States consolidated Federal income tax return including all of 
its domestic subsidiaries. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based 
Payment Accounting. The new standard is intended to simplify accounting for share based 
employment awards to employees. Changes include: all excess tax benefits/deficiencies should be 

28 

 
 
 
          
              
 
 
          
             
 
 
 
 
 
recognized as income tax expense/benefit; entities can make elections on how to account for 
forfeitures; and cash paid by an employer when directly withholding shares for tax withholding 
purposes should be classified as a financing activity on the cash flow statement. The standard 
becomes effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016.The Corporation implemented 
the new standard for fiscal 2017 and recorded an entry to increase the deferred tax asset on the net 
operating loss carryforward of $156. 

On December 22, 2017 the H.R. 1 was signed into law significantly revising certain U.S. corporate 
income tax provisions; including, among other items, a reduction of the U.S. corporate rate from 35% 
to 21%, effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017; the transition of U.S. international 
taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system; and a one-time transition tax on the 
mandatory deemed repatriation of cumulative foreign earnings as of December 31, 2017, (or, if 
greater, November 2, 2017 ) of a specified foreign corporation which included foreign controlled 
foreign corporations and other foreign corporations which have at least one U.S. corporate 
shareholder that owns 10% or more of the value or voting power of such foreign corporation. We 
estimated the impact of the Tax Legislation on our income tax provision for the year ended 
December 31, 2017 in accordance with our understanding of the Tax Legislation and guidance 
available at the date of this filing as a result have recorded adjustments to the various tax balances, 
current, long-term and deferred tax assets and liabilities, all during the fourth quarter of 2017, the 
period in which the Tax Legislation was enacted. The provisional amount related to remeasurement 
of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on rates at which they are expected to reverse in 
the future was $13,768, representing an income tax expense recorded during the current period. The 
provisional amount related to the one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of 
foreign earnings was $2,184 of additional income tax expense which was offset by the net operating 
loss carryforward. 

The Company has not completed all aspects of its accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of 
the H.R. 1 law.  However, in certain instances the company has made a reasonable estimate of the 
effects on the Company’s tax provision.   Primarily, the Company has recorded a provisional tax 
amount of $2,184 related to the one-time transition tax.   This amount is provisional while the 
Company completes its calculation of E&P for the foreign subsidiaries.   The Company intends to 
complete the calculation prior to the filing of their 2017 federal tax return. 

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which amends FASB ASC Topic 220, Income 
Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income. This ASU allows a reclassification out of 
accumulated other comprehensive loss within equity for standard tax effects resulting from the Tax 
Cuts and Jobs Act and consequently, eliminates the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts 
and Jobs Act. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim 
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact 
of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.  

Uncertainty in Income Taxes 

The uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2017 totaled $11,855. The following table 
summarizes the activity related to the unrecognized tax benefits.  

(in thousands)
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1
Increases in positions taken in a prior period 
Decreases in positions taken in a prior period 
Increases in positions taken in a current period 
Decreases in positions taken in a current period 
Decreases due to settlements 
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations
 Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31

2017
$7,747  
256
(1,517)
6,970
-
-
(1,601)
$11,855

2016
$6,969
5
(547)
1,325
-
-

(5)
$7,747

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 
            
        
 
     
           
         
           
         
       
 
 
 
In 2017, the Company recognized an approximate net increase of $4,108 to the reserves for 
uncertain tax positions. The majority of the decrease in the reserve is due to the increase of the tax 
positions domestically. 

Approximately $11,855 of the total gross unrecognized tax benefits represents the amount that, if 
recognized, would affect the effective income tax rate in future periods.   The Company and its 
subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of multiple state and 
foreign jurisdictions. The Company has substantially concluded all U.S. federal income tax matters 
for years through 2013.  Substantially all material state and local and foreign income tax matters 
have been concluded for years through 2011.  Based on the expiration of the statute of limitations for 
certain jurisdictions, it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits will decrease in the 
next twelve months by approximately $100.   

The Company's continuing practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax 
matters in income tax expense. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company 
recorded adjustments for interest of $154 and $311, respectively, and for penalties of $(212) and 
$123, respectively related to these unrecognized tax benefits. In total, as of December 31, 2017 and 
2016, the Company has recorded a liability of interest of $674 and $520, respectively, and $242 and 
$454, respectively, for potential penalties. 

15.  Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net 

The Company currently has $3,580 of goodwill with no accumulated impairment. 

Goodwill consists of the following: 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Beginning balance
   Acquisitions 
   Translation

Gross carrying amount, 
December 31st

$329 
2,854 
397 

$3,580 

$                                  
-
329 
                            -   

$329 

Intangible assets, net consist of the following: 

Definite live intangible assets:
     Customer relationships
     Technologies
     Patents/Trademarks
     In-place leases

December 31, 2017

Gross 
Carrying 
Value

$21,036 
2,517 
9,413 
219 
$33,185  

Accumulated 
Amortization

Net Carrying 
Value

($1,052)
(199)
(5,059)
(16)
($6,326)

$19,984 
2,318 
4,354 
203 
$26,859 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Definite live intangible assets:
     Customer relationships
     Technologies
     Patents/Trademarks
     In-place leases

December 31, 2016

Gross 
Carrying 
Value

Accumulated 
Amortization

Net Carrying 
Value

-
$              
42 
4,823 
-
$4,865  

$                
-

-
(4,662)
-
($4,662)

-
$              
42 
161 
              -   
$203 

Amortization expense associated with definite-lived intangible assets was $1,546, $18 and $16 for the 
period ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We utilize the straight-line method of 
amortization, recognized over the estimated useful lives of the assets. 

The estimated future amortization expense for our definite-lived intangible assets is as follows: 

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Total thereafter

$1,670 
1,670 
1,670 
1,670 
1,670 
18,509 

Total amortization

$26,859 

The acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2017 allocated $2,854 to goodwill and $24,742 
to definite-lived intangible assets amortized over a weighted average of 18 years. 

16. Contingencies 

The Company from time to time is involved in various other legal proceedings, none of which are 
expected to have a material adverse effect upon results of operations, cash flows or financial 
condition. 

17. Stock-Based Compensation (Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)  

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on fair value of the award and 
is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the 
vesting period.  Included in net income is non-cash compensation expense of $224 and $60 for the 
years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. 

The fair values of the options granted during 2016 and 2013 were estimated on the date of grant 
using the binomial option pricing model. The assumptions used and the estimated fair values are as 
follows: 

Expected term
Expected stock volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected forfeiture rate
Fair value per option

2016
10 years
4.38%
2.45%
0.00%
$1.12

2013
10 years
17.33%
1.75%
0.00%
$0.51

31 

 
 
 
 
 
              
             
              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In December 2016, the Company granted non-qualified stock options to its current chief executive 
officer for the purchase of 600,000 shares of its common stock under an employment agreement. 
Options were granted at the fair market value at date of grant and will vest one third each on 
December 31, 2017, December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019. The options for the chief 
executive officer expire on December 31, 2026. 

In April 2013, the Company granted non-qualified stock options to its current chief administrative 
officer for the purchase of 325,000 shares of its common stock under an employment agreement. 
Options were granted at the fair market value at date of grant and are fully vested.  The options for 
the chief administrative officer expire on April 16, 2023. 

The Company's outstanding options were: 

Weighted Average Weighted Average

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
Vested and exercisable at Dec. 31, 2015
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Outstanding, December 31, 2016
Vested and exercisable at Dec. 31, 2016
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Outstanding, December 31, 2017
Vested and exercisable at Dec. 31, 2017

Shares Under  Weighted Average

Option
1,825,000
1,726,668
600,000
1,500,000

-
925,000
325,000
-
-
-
925,000
525,000

Exercise Price

2.84
$                       
2.82
$                       
2.53
$                       
$                       
1.70
$                         
-
$                       
4.45
$                       
8.00
$                         
-
$                         
-
$                         
-
$                       
4.45
$                       
5.92

Remaining
Contractual Life

35 months
34 months
120 months

-
-

104 months
76 months

-
-
-

93 months
81 months

Grant-Date
Fair Value
$                       
$                       

$                       
$                       

$                       
$                       

0.64
0.64
1.12
-
-
0.91
0.51
-
-
-
0.91
0.74

Vested and exercisable options as of December 31, 2017 were 525,000 with a weighted average 
share price of $5.92. 

18. Research and Development Costs 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $4,947, $4,418 and $4,977 
for 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.  

19. Related-Party Transactions 

As of December 31, Icahn Enterprises L.P. owned approximately 74.6% of our outstanding common 
stock.  There were no shares of common stock purchased during the period ended December 31, 
2017.   

Insight Portfolio Group LLC (“Insight Portfolio Group”) is an entity formed and controlled by Mr. Icahn 
in order to maximize the potential buying power of a group of entities with which Mr. Icahn has a 
relationship in negotiating with a wide range of suppliers of goods, services and tangible and 
intangible property at negotiated rates.  

On January 1, 2013, Viskase acquired a minority equity interest in Insight Portfolio Group and 
agreed to pay a portion of Insight Portfolio Group’s operating expenses, which is approximately $184 
and $174 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.  A number of other 
entities with which Mr. Icahn has a relationship also acquired equity interests in Insight Portfolio 
Group and also agreed to pay certain of Insight Portfolio Group’s operating expenses in 2017.   

Icahn Enterprises L.P. was the lender on the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility as of December 
31, 2017. The Company paid Icahn Enterprises L.P. service, commitment fees, interest and 
amendment fees of $110 and $216 during the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 
2016.   

32 

 
 
 
 
         
            
                         
         
                          
                          
                   
                          
                          
            
                   
                           
                          
                   
                          
                          
                   
                          
                          
            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20.   Business Segment Information and Geographic Area Information 

The Company primarily manufactures and sells cellulosic food casings as its sole business segment. 
The Company’s operations are viewed in geographic regions of North America, South America, 
Europe and Asia. Intercompany sales and charges (including royalties) have been reflected as 
appropriate in the following information. Certain items are maintained at the Company’s corporate 
headquarters and are not allocated geographically. They include most of the Company’s debt and 
related interest expense and income tax benefits. 

Reporting Segment Information: 

Net sales
North America
South America
Europe
Asia
Other and eliminations

Operating income 
North America
South America
Europe
Asia

Identifiable assets

North America

South America

Europe
Asia

Net Sales by market 

Emerging

Mature

2017

2016

2015

$183,771
52,715
178,502
39,032
(62,042)

$188,346
49,302
114,027
35,827
(58,682)

$195,131
46,403
118,484
33,399
(49,834)

$391,978

$328,820

$343,583

$10,240
5,210
3,398
9,305

$28,153

$10,748
4,145
3,350
6,246

$24,489

$23,361
3,848
743
1,016

$28,968

$185,911

$204,660

$215,671

73,647

179,048
43,530

65,786

111,481
41,511

54,481

101,385
42,403

$482,136

$423,438

$413,940

2017

2016

2015

$197,466

194,512

$171,974

$175,008

156,846

168,575

$391,978

$328,820

$343,583

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Sales by country

United States

Brazil
Italy
Germany
France
Philippines
Poland
Other international

$109,357

32,233
23,132
28,445
12,220
18,682
10,664
157,245

$97,071

28,458
23,577
9,864
11,727
21,809
8,416
127,898

$101,903

24,514
26,365
10,418
12,812
19,531
7,144
140,896

$391,978

$328,820

$343,583

21. Interest Expense, Net 

       Net interest expense consisted of: 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Interest expense
Less Capitalized interest
    Interest expense, net

$13,293
(76)
$13,217

$12,667
(124)
$12,543

$12,597
(139)
$12,458

22. Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss 

Balance at December 31, 2016
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
    reclassifications
Reclassifications from accumulated other  
    comprehensive loss to earnings
Balance at December 31, 2017

Accrued 
Employee 
Benefits

Translation 
Adjustments

($51,739)

($36,913)

Total
($88,652)

            (3,586)

6,647 

3,061 

4,842
($50,483)

-

($30,266)

4,842
($80,749)

Amounts Reclassified 
from Accumulated 
Other Comprehensive 
Loss 

Affected Line Items in the 
Consolidation Statement of 
Operations and Comprehensive Loss

$4,842
$4,842

Selling, general and administrative

Accrued Employee Benefits
     Amortization of net actuarial loss 

23. Restructuring Charges   

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recognized a restructuring expense in our 
European segment of $1,745, which we believe is our total cost for the plan. The costs relate to a 
restructuring of its Warsaw, Poland subsidiary operations to safeguard the Company’s competitive 
environment in the European market.  The plan involved the involuntary termination of approximately 13 
employees for $414 and an operating lease liability of $1,331. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                            
 
 
 
 
 
                 
 
 
 
During the first quarter of 2016, the Company recognized a restructuring expense of $1,858 in its 
European segment.  The total cost for this restructuring was $4,170, which was recognized in 2016 and 
2015.  The costs relate to a Board-approved plan of restructuring of its French subsidiary operations to 
safeguard the Company’s competitive environment in the European market.  The Company exited its 
Beauvais, France plastics, printing, and MP coating operations, along with a targeted downsizing of its 
production and overhead personnel.   

      The Company believes this will position us to be in an improved competitive position for the future in the 

European market. 

During the third quarter of 2016, the Company recognized a cost of $543 related to the relocation of its 
North American finishing operations.  The plan involved the involuntary termination of approximately 53 
employees and was completed in the second half of 2016.  The restructuring expense included an asset 
impairment of $174. 

The Company recognized a cost of $2,286 related to the voluntary employee reduction of its North 
American headquarters during December 2016.  The plan involved the voluntary termination of 
approximately 20 employees and was completed in December 2017. 

The following table provides details of our restructuring provisions. 

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

$3,210 
1,745 
(3,718)
$1,237 

$1,713 
4,809 
(3,312)
$3,210 

$89 
2,672 
(1,048)
$1,713 

Beginning balance
   Provision
   Payments
Ending balance

24. Acquisitions 

CT Casings Beteiligungs GmbH 

On January 10, 2017, the Company, through its indirect subsidiary, Viskase GmbH, completed the 
purchase of all of the shares of CT Casings Beteiligungs GmbH (“Walsroder”), certain outstanding 
shareholder loans to Walsroder, and certain casing assets of Poly-clip System LLC, for a total of EUR 
33,611 or $34,616 paid in cash, subject to certain post-closing adjustments.  The share purchase of 
Walsroder included acquisition of substantially all of the assets, and assumption of substantially all of the 
liabilities, of Walsroder.  The Company completed the purchase to further enhance its production 
capabilities and product offerings in plastic and fibrous casings.  The purchase was recorded using the 
purchase method of accounting. The allocation of the purchase price to the tangible and intangible 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition was based on estimated fair 
values supported by third-party valuations. The Company acquired goodwill with the acquisition due to 
the value of the synergies between the acquired company and our existing businesses and the value of 
the acquired assembled workforce, neither of which qualifies for recognition as an intangible asset.  The 
following summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date 
of acquisition for EUR 25,500 in cash and EUR 8,111 in restructured term loan (see Footnote 4).   

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash
Accounts receivable
Inventories
Other current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Other assets
Intangible assets
Goodwill
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Short term capital lease
Long term capital lease
Accrued employee benefits
Long-term liabilities
Deferred tax liability

    Total purchase price

January 1, 2017

$3,475 
10,428 
8,378 
1,192 
14,148 
6,794 
24,742 
2,854 
(3,169)
(4,827)
(426)
(1,161)
(13,285)
(7,098)
(7,429)

$34,616 

Transaction costs related to the acquisition amounted to $728 and were recorded as an expense in the 
statement of operations. 

The Company has no tax deductible goodwill related to the acquisition. 

Darmex Casing sp. z o.o. 

On December 1, 2016, the Company, through its indirect subsidiary, Viskase Polska Sp. z o.o., 
completed the purchase of all of the shares of Darmex Casing Sp. z o.o.(“Darmex”) and certain assets of 
Supravis Group S.A., for a total of $4,196USD in cash, subject to certain adjustments.  The share 
purchase of Darmex included acquisition of substantially all of the assets, and assumption of 
substantially all of the liabilities, of Darmex.  The Company completed the purchase to further enhance 
its production capabilities and product offerings in plastic casings. The purchase was recorded using the 
purchase method of accounting. The allocation of the purchase price to the tangible and intangible 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition was based on estimated fair 
values supported by third-party valuations. The Company acquired goodwill as a result of expected 
synergies with increased presence in the plastics market.  The following summarizes the estimated fair 
value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.   

Cash
Accounts receivable
Inventories
Prepaid expenses
Property, plant and equipment
Other assets
Goodwill
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Short term capital lease
Deferred tax liability

December 1, 2016

$133 
730 
427 
15 
3,285 
83 
329 
(280)
(190)
(10)
(326)

    Total purchase price

$4,196 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction costs related to the acquisition amounted to $357 and were recorded as an expense in the 
statement of operations. 

Unaudited Pro Forma Results 

The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis, the combined results of operation of the 
Company, Darmex and Walsroder as though the acquisitions had occurred as of December 31, 2014. 
The pro forma amounts presented are not necessarily indicative of either the actual consolidation results 
had Walsroder and Darmex acquisitions occurred as of December 31, 2014 or future consolidated 
operating results.  Due to the acquisitions occurring at December 1, 2016 and the beginning of 2017, no 
proforma impact is presented for 2017. 

Net sales 
Income before income taxes
Net income (loss) 

Unaudited
December 31, 2016
$390,639
9,741
3,320

Unaudited
December 31, 2015
$409,723
3,956
(7,919)

Pro forma results presented above primarily reflect: (1) incremental depreciation relating to fair value 
adjustments to property, plant and equipment; (2) amortization adjustments relating to fair value 
estimates of intangible assets. 

Pro forma adjustments above have been tax effected using the Company’s effective tax rate during the 
respective period.  

25. Variable Interest Entity 

The Company holds a variable interest in a joint venture for which the Company is the primary 
beneficiary. The joint venture, VE Netting, LLC, is a manufacturing, marketing and selling company of 
high quality netting solutions for the meat and poultry industry.   VE Netting, LLC is a Delaware limited 
liability company with its principal place of business in Lombard, IL.   The netting product will be 
manufactured under agreement by Viskase’s affiliate located in Monterrey, Mexico.  

Viskase’s variable interest in the entity relates to the sales, operations, administrative and financial 
support to the entity through providing certain assets under agreement to be used by the entity.   The 
Company agreed to contribute $931 in cash and other considerations in forming the venture. In addition 
the Company could be required to contribute up to $4,000 less the initial contribution during the course 
of the joint venture.   The Company owns 50% equity in the entity.  Based on a review of applicable 
guidance, this entity was consolidated beginning in September 2017.  As a result of the consolidation, 
financial statements for the period ended December  31, 2017 were affected as follows: sales increased 
by $31, net income decreased by $289, total assets increased by $1,291, and noncontrolling interests 
decreased by $144. Due the evidence presented, Viskase has concluded it is the primary beneficiary.  

As the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity (VIE), the VIEs’ assets, liabilities, and results of 
operations are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of, and for the period 
ended, December 31, 2017. The other equity holders’ interests are reflected in “Net loss attributable to 
noncontrolling interests” in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations and “Noncontrolling 
interests” in the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets.  

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included in the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2017: 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASSETS
Current assets:
   Cash and cash equivalents
   Receivables, net
   Inventories
   Other current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Less: Accumulated depreciation
   Property, plant and equipment,net

Deferred tax asset
Other assets

Total Assets

Current liabilities

Total Liabilites

Paid in capital
Retained earnings
Total Stockholder Equity
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

December 31, 2017

$15
26
48
76

1,031
(24)
1,007

115
4
$1,291

$149
149

1,431
(289)
1,142
$1,291

All assets in the above table can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE. Liabilities are 
nonrecourse obligations. Amounts presented in the table above are adjusted for intercompany 
eliminations. 

The following table summarizes the Statement of Operations of the VIE included in the Company’s 
Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2017: 

Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross margin
Selling, general and administrative

Operating loss

Other expense
Loss before income taxes

Income tax benefit

Net loss

26. Subsequent Events 

$31
146
(115)
279

(394)

10
(404)

115

($289)

Viskase evaluated its December 31, 2017 consolidated financial statements for subsequent events 
through March 31, 2018, the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued.   

On January 3, 2018, the Company completed a rights offering of 16,666,666 shares of common stock at 
$3.00 per share.  The Company plans to use the net proceeds of the offering to replenish working capital 
used for the acquisitions of Walsroder and Darmex and for other general corporate purposes, including 
acquisitions and capital expenditures. 

38 

 
 
 
                  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As a result of the rights offering, Icahn Enterprises L.P. currently owns approximately 78.6% of our 
outstanding common stock. 

On January 5, 2018, the Company repaid $3,000 on the Revolving Credit Facility. 

On March 15, 2018, the Company purchased an annuity contract for an estimated $29,000 for 
approximately 1,043 participants in the U.S. defined benefit pension plan.  The purchase of this annuity 
contract will lower our projected benefit obligation by approximately $27,850.   

39