Quarterlytics / Communication Services / Telecommunications Services / Vodafone / FY2009 Annual Report

Vodafone
Annual Report 2009

VOD · LSE Communication Services
Claim this profile
Ticker VOD
Exchange LSE
Sector Communication Services
Industry Telecommunications Services
Employees 10,000+
← All annual reports
FY2009 Annual Report · Vodafone
Loading PDF…
Vodafone Group Plc

Registered Office
Vodafone House
The Connection
Newbury
Berkshire 
RG14 2FN
England
Registered in England No. 1833679

Tel: +44 (0) 1635 33251
Fax: +44 (0) 1635 45713

www.vodafone.com

Vodafone Group Plc

Annual Report
For the year ended 31 March 2009

V
o
d
a
f
o
n
e
G
r
o
u
p
P
l
c

A
n
n
u
a
l

R
e
p
o
r
t

f
o
r

t
h
e
y
e
a
r
e
n
d
e
d
3
1
M
a
r
c
h
2
0
0
9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
This constitutes the annual report of Vodafone Group Plc (the ‘Company’) for the year 
ended  31  March  2009  and  is  dated  19  May  2009.  The  content  of  the  Group’s  website  
(www.vodafone.com) should not be considered to form part of this annual report or the 
Company’s annual report on Form 20-F. 

In the discussion of the Group’s reported financial position, operating results and cash flow 
for  the  year  ended  31  March  2009,  information  is  presented  to  provide  readers  with 
additional financial information that is regularly reviewed by management. However, this 
additional information presented is not uniformly defined by all companies, including 
those in the Group’s industry. Accordingly, it may not be comparable with similarly titled 
measures and disclosures by other companies. Additionally, certain information presented 
is derived from amounts calculated in accordance with IFRS but is not itself an expressly 
permitted GAAP measure. Such non-GAAP measures should not be viewed in isolation or as 
an alternative to the equivalent GAAP measure. For further information see “Non-GAAP 
information” on pages 138 to 139 and “Definition of terms” on page 143.

The terms “Vodafone”, the “Group”, “we”, “our” and “us” refer to the Company and, as applicable, 
its subsidiary undertakings and/or its interests in joint ventures and associated undertakings.

This document contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the US Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to the Group’s financial condition, 
results of operations and business management and strategy, plans and objectives for the 
Group.  For  further  details,  please  see  “Forward-looking  statements”  on  page  142  and 
“Principal risk factors and uncertainties” on pages 38 and 39 for a discussion of the risks 
associated with these statements.

Vodafone,  the  Vodafone  logo,  Vodafone  live!,  Vodafone  Mobile  Broadband,  Vodafone 
Office, Vodafone Wireless Office, Vodafone Passport, Vodafone Speak, Vodafone Email 
Plus, Vodafone M-PESA, Vodafone Money Transfer, Vodafone Station and Vodacom are 
trade marks of the Vodafone Group. The RIM® and BlackBerry® families of trade marks, 
images and symbols are the exclusive properties and trade marks of Research in Motion 
Limited, used by permission. RIM and BlackBerry are registered with the US Patent and 
Trademark Office and may be pending or registered in other countries. Windows Mobile is 
either a registered trade mark or trade mark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States 
and/or other countries. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the 
trade marks of their respective owners.

Copyright © Vodafone Group 2009

Contact details

Investor Relations
Telephone: +44 (0) 1635 664447

Media Relations
Telephone: +44 (0) 1635 664444

Corporate Responsibility 
Fax: +44 (0) 1635 674478
E-mail: responsibility@vodafone.com
Website: www.vodafone.com/responsibility

This report has been printed on Revive 75 Special Silk paper. The composition of the paper is 
50% de-inked post consumer waste, 25% pre-consumer waste and 25% virgin wood fibre. It has 
been certified according to the rules of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). It is manufactured 
at a mill that has been awarded the ISO14001 certificate for environmental management. The 
mill uses pulps that are elemental chlorine free (ECF) and totally chlorine free (TCF) process 
and the inks used are all vegetable oil based.

Printed at St Ives Westerham Press Ltd, ISO14001, FSC certified and CarbonNeutral®.

Designed and produced by Addison, www.addison.co.uk

   
Our vision is to be the communications  
leader in an increasingly connected world

Executive summary

Executive summary*

Business*

Performance*

Chairman’s statement
Performance at a glance
Chief Executive’s review

2 
4 
6 
8  Operating environment and strategy
10  Group at a glance

12 
14 
18 
20 
21 

 Business overview
 Technology and resources
 People
 Customers, marketing and distribution
 Services and devices

24 
25 
37 
38 
40 
45 

 Key performance indicators
 Operating results
 Outlook
 Principal risk factors and uncertainties
 Financial position and resources
 Corporate responsibility

Governance*

Financials

Additional information

48  Board of directors and Group management
51  Corporate governance
57  Directors’ remuneration

68  Contents
69  Directors’ statement of responsibility*
70  Audit report on internal controls
71  Critical accounting estimates
73 

 Audit report on the consolidated  
financial statements
 Consolidated financial statements

74 
120   Audit report on the Company 

financial statements

121  Company financial statements

127  Shareholder information*
134  History and development*
135  Regulation*
138  Non-GAAP information*
140  Form 20-F cross reference guide
142  Forward-looking statements 
143  Definition of terms
144  Selected financial data

*  These sections make up the directors’ report.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    1

 
Chairman’s statement

Your company is driven by strong cash generation, a sound liquidity position and a diverse and 
geographically spread customer base.

Sir John Bond 
Chairman

This year your Company has delivered adjusted operating profit of 
£11.8 billion and generated £5.7 billion of free cash flow before licence 
and spectrum payments, helped by foreign exchange movements and 
despite pressure on revenue in challenging economic circumstances. 
This has allowed us to buy back £1 billion of shares and pursue a 
progressive  dividend  policy.  The  Board  is  recommending  a  final 
dividend of 5.20 pence, making a total for the year of 7.77 pence. 
Regrettably, the share price has declined by 17% since the beginning 
of the year, from 154.3 pence to 127.5 pence, but has nonetheless 
outperformed the FTSE100 which has declined by 24% over the same 
period. We have seen continuing growth in proportionate customer 
numbers to 303 million at year end, as well as growth in mobile voice 
minutes of use and particularly data services.

There is considerable evidence that the economic crisis has had a 
significant effect on the environment in which we operate, across our 
various markets. Inevitably, during rapid economic decline and rising 
unemployment, our customers – enterprise and consumer – are 
looking  carefully  for  ways  to  reduce  their  expenditure.  We  have 
responded to the pressure on household and business expenses with 
pricing plans designed to address customers’ needs.

So the telecommunications sector is not immune from the impact of 
the global recession but it has demonstrated a greater degree of 
resilience than certain other parts of the economy. The services we 
provide have assumed increasing importance in the day to day lives of 
our customers. We see this particularly in the way in which our services, 
particularly data services such as email and internet access, offer new 
flexibility in the way people lead their business and personal lives. 
When more stable economic conditions return, this new flexibility 
should also support more sustainable growth, unlocking important 
potential social and ecological benefits. 

In addition to the impact of the economic downturn, we continued to 
see pricing pressure lead to reductions of around 15% year on year in 
Europe. The period of rapid growth in new mobile customers in much 
of Europe is now over and we need to adjust our resources accordingly. 
We  are  well  on  our  way  to  delivering  the  £1  billion  reduction  in 
operating costs to which we are committed. We will maintain this focus 
over  the  coming  year  and  expect  to  deliver  on  our  commitment  

by  the  following  financial  year.  Sadly,  this  involves  reducing  our 
workforce but we nevertheless remain intent that Vodafone should 
continue to be a good place to work.

With  prudent  control  of  capital  expenditure  and  reductions  to 
operating expenditure, your Company is positioning itself to benefit 
from the re-invigoration of the economy when it comes, driven by 
strong cash generation, a sound liquidity position, and the diversity 
and geographic distribution of our customer base.

Your Company will continue to promote innovation in products and 
services across the range of our markets. For example, over 6 million 
people are now using the Vodafone Money Transfer system (branded 
M-PESA in Kenya) in Kenya, Tanzania and Afghanistan. In total, they 
are sending approximately US$200 million a month, mostly as small 
transactions of less than US$20. With over 4 billion people owning 
mobile  handsets,  we  believe  that  for  the  majority  of  the  world’s 
population, mobile is likely to be the primary means of access to the 
internet. Higher speed networks in markets such as South Africa and 
Egypt  increase  the  speed  and  range  of  internet  access.  Using 
economies  of  scale  to  work  with  handset  manufacturers  has 
allowed  approximately  eight  million  customers  to  gain  access  to 
communications through our ultra low cost handsets during the year, 
at  the  same  time  helping  to  make  Vodafone  the  second  largest 
handset brand in India.

In our developed markets, we will continue to enhance our customers’ 
communication capability, with innovative products such as netbooks 
and laptops with embedded SIM cards to connect directly to higher 
speed mobile data networks. We continue to see very strong growth 
in mobile data usage, over 100% in our European markets. Our industry 
is undergoing an important change away from the predominance of 
voice traffic; within a few years most of the traffic on our European 
network will be data. We will promote services, particularly for small 
and medium enterprises, which increase workforce flexibility and 
enable greater efficiency and cost control.

The rapid economic decline has inevitably led to calls for greater 
regulation and some have questioned whether an open competition 
based economic model is sustainable. We continue to believe that it is.  

2    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Executive summary

FTSE 100 –20% 

― FTSE 100 index

6600

5800

5000

4200

3400

May 2009

and I am confident that they will be major contributors to the future 
of your Company. 

Finally, your Board has continued to fund the work of The Vodafone 
Foundation, which is an important way of supporting the communities 
and societies where we make our profits. We invested £48 million in 
The Vodafone Foundation programmes during the 2009 financial year. 
The Vodafone Foundation and the network of national affiliates in our 
markets continue to achieve high recognition for the contribution 
they make. Highlights from The Vodafone Foundation programme 
over  the  past  year  include  World  of  Difference,  which  helped 
individuals from 12 of our markets to take a year to work for the charity 
of  their  choice;  a  public  health  mobile  data  gathering  system 
(“episurveyor”) helping to prevent the spread of disease in 22 African 
countries; and the mHealth Alliance, announced in February 2009 
with the Rockefeller Foundation, which will promote the use of mobile 
technology in finding solutions to healthcare challenges.

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank all Vodafone staff around 
the  world  for  their  tremendous  work  and  commitment  against  a 
difficult economic background. 

Your Board is pleased with the resilience of the Company and confident 
that the Company will be well positioned for economic recovery when 
it comes.

Sir John Bond
Chairman

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    3

Total shareholder return April 2008 to May 2009

Vodafone –13%  

Vodafone share price +7 % vs FTSE 100 

― Vodafone Group 

170

150

130

110

90

April 2008

We have engaged with governments and policy-makers to urge them 
not to lose sight of the benefits in terms of investment, innovation and 
customer  service  which  competition  brings,  of  which  the  mobile 
industry  is  a  leading  example.  We  believe  that  a  descent  into 
protectionism and national preference would damage the prospects 
for the industry and for our ability to serve our customers’ needs. 
Regulation and taxation of the telecommunications sector continues 
to have a significant impact on our business, our customers and our 
shareholders. We have worked to ensure that legislators and regulators 
appreciate the need to maintain a balance between the short term 
benefit to the consumer and the long term interest of the consumer 
in investment and innovation.

Your Board refreshed the Company’s strategy in November 2008 and 
set strategic priorities which it believes will help your Company come 
through the economic crisis. The review did not lead to any radical 
change  of  direction  but  put  renewed  emphasis  on  operational 
performance, tight control of costs, free cash flow generation and a 
cautious approach to further footprint expansion. The past year has 
seen us expand into two new markets (Ghana and Qatar), slightly 
increase our shareholding in Polkomtel in Poland and attain majority 
control of our long-standing joint venture Vodacom in South Africa. 
An important step towards in-market consolidation came with the 
agreement to merge our operation in Australia with the fourth largest 
operator, Hutchison 3G Australia, underlining the value creation which 
such consolidation can bring.

The past year has seen our new Chief Executive, Vittorio Colao, who 
succeeded Arun Sarin at last year’s AGM, put his deep knowledge of 
the mobile industry to good effect in steering your Company through 
economic recession. I am delighted that your Board has also been 
joined  by  a  leading  African  businessman,  Samuel  Jonah.  As  we 
increase  our  interest  in  Africa,  with  the  integration  of  Ghana 
Telecommunications into Vodafone, and our increased shareholding 
in Vodacom, Sam will bring invaluable insights to our work. Since 
the end of the financial year, Michel Combes, the Chief Executive of 
the  Group’s  Europe  Region,  and  Steve  Pusey,  the  Group  Chief 
Technology Officer, have been appointed to the Board with effect 
from 1 June. Their appointments will help ensure that there is a good 
balance on the Board of both executive and non-executive directors 

Performance at a glance

Vodafone is the world’s leading international mobile communications group by revenue, providing a wide range 
of communications services.

Group

Revenue  
(£bn)

Adjusted operating profit 
(£bn)

Free cash flow(1)  
(£bn)

Capital expenditure  
(£bn)

£41.0bn

15.6% growth

£11.8bn

16.7% growth

£5.7bn

2.5% growth

Analysis of Group revenue 2008 
(£bn)

Adjusted operating profit 2008  
(£bn)

Free cash flow 
(£m)

41.0

11.8

6.3

35.5

31.1

10.1

9.5

5.6

5.7

£5.9bn

16.4% growth

Capital fixed asset additions 
(£m)

5.9

5.1

4.2

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

(1)  Before licence and spectrum payments.

Financial highlights

Operational highlights

•	

Total dividends per share up 3.5% to 7.77 pence; final 
dividend per share of 5.20 pence

•	

Over 302 million proportionate mobile customers 

•	

Free cash flow generation remains strong despite 
economic environment

•	

Closing fixed broadband customer base of 4.6 million, 
up 1 million during the year

•	

Increased data revenue driven by higher penetration  
of Vodafone Mobile Broadband cards and handheld 
business devices for internet and email services

•	

Touch screen BlackBerry
to Vodafone’s customers in 11 markets 

® Storm™ available exclusively 

•	

Group adjusted operating profit of £11.8 billion before 
impairment charges of £5.9 billion

•	

7.2 Mbps high speed mobile broadband network 
available in key areas 

•	

Verizon Wireless’ Alltel acquisition creates largest US 
wireless operator, with 87 million customers

•	

Vodafone Mobile Broadband USB modem won iF design 
recognising best product design in the world

•	

£1 billion cost reduction programme accelerated; over 
65% expected to be achieved in the 2010 financial year

•	

Invested £48 million in The Vodafone Foundation 
programmes during the year

4    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Executive summary

Revenue(1) 
(£bn)

Adjusted operating 
profit(1) (£bn)

Operating free  
cash flow(1)(2) (£bn)

Capital expenditure(1)
(£bn)

(0.1)

0.6

7.6

% growth

3.0
(28.5)
(100+)

6.6

3.5

0.5

0.7

% growth

6.8
(13.3)
(0.9)
44.7

2.9

1.9

0.9

% growth

14.8
(4.9)
25.6

Regions

Europe

Africa and  
Central Europe

5.8

5.5

29.6

% growth

13.6
11.2
32.3

Asia Pacific and  
Middle East
Verizon Wireless (US) 38.9(3)

(1)   The sum of these amounts do not equal Group totals due to 

(2)   Before licence and spectrum payments.

Common Functions and intercompany eliminations.

(3)   This amount is not included in related Group total as 
Verizon Wireless is an associated undertaking.

Service revenue

Voice
(£bn)

26.9

Messaging
(£bn)

4.5

Data
(£bn)

3.0

Fixed and other services
(£bn)

Service revenue
(£bn)

3.9

38.3

% growth

% growth

% growth

% growth

% growth

11.4

Voice growth 2009 (%)

12.8

Messaging growth 2009 (%)

43.7

Data growth 2009 (%)

37.9

Fixed line and other 
growth 2009 (%)

15.9

Group service revenue
growth 2009 (%)

26.9

24.2

21.6

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

3.9

38.3

2.1

1.4

2.8

2.4

33.0

28.9

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    5

Chief Executive’s review

These	 results	 demonstrate	 the	 benefit	 of	 the	 rapid	 action	 we	 took	 to	 address	 the	 current	
economic	conditions	and	highlight	the	benefits	of	our	geographic	diversity.	

Vittorio Colao 
Chief Executive

Financial review of the year
These financial results reflect the benefits of the actions we took to 
adjust to the deteriorating economic environment, in particular with 
respect to costs. We achieved results in line with all of the guidance 
ranges we issued in November 2008 and also generated free cash flow 
in line with the initial guidance range we established in May 2008, 
before the extent of the downturn became apparent.

During the year, Group revenue increased by 15.6% to £41.0 billion and 
by 1.3% on a pro forma basis, including India, which was acquired in 
May 2007. The Group’s EBITDA margin declined by 1.8 percentage 
points, in line with the first half and our expectations, one third of 
which was due to the impact of acquisitions and disposals, foreign 
exchange and business mix. Group adjusted operating profit increased 
by 16.7% to £11.8 billion, with a growing contribution from Verizon 
Wireless and foreign currency benefits offsetting weaker performance 
in Europe. At year end, Vodafone had 303 million proportionate mobile 
customers worldwide.

Cash generation remained robust, with free cash flow of £5.7 billion 
before licence and spectrum payments, up around 3%, with foreign 
currency benefits being offset by the deferral of a £0.2 billion dividend 
from Verizon Wireless, which was received in April 2009.

The economic downturn is affecting Vodafone in several ways. In our 
more mature European and Central European operations, voice and 
messaging revenue has declined, primarily driven by lower growth in 
usage and continued double digit price declines. Roaming revenue fell 
due to lower business and leisure travel. Enterprise revenue growth 
slowed as our business customers reduced activity and headcount. 
Double digit data revenue growth continued, as we actively market 
increasingly attractive network speeds, handsets and services into an 
under penetrated market. In contrast to Europe, results in Africa and 
India remained robust driven by continued but lower GDP growth and 
increasing penetration. 

In Europe, organic service revenue declined by 1.7% reflecting the 
economy and a strongly competitive environment. Ongoing price 
pressures and lower volume growth in our core voice products are still 
being substantially offset by good growth in data. Europe EBITDA 
margins, including Common Functions, which substantially support 
our European operations, declined by 1.1 percentage points, driven by 
an increasing contribution from lower margin fixed broadband. Mobile 

6    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

contribution margins remained stable. Operating free cash flow before 
licence and spectrum payments was strong at £7.6 billion.

In Africa and Central Europe, organic revenue grew by 3.9%, with 
double digit revenue growth at Vodacom being offset by weakness in 
Turkey. After the year end, we completed our transaction with Telkom 
in South Africa and increased our ownership of Vodacom to 65%. 
EBITDA margins declined by around three percentage points, driven 
substantially by lower profitability in Turkey where, having appointed 
new management in early 2009, we will continue to implement our 
turnaround plan with a primary focus on network quality, distribution 
and competitive offers. 

In Asia Pacific and Middle East, revenue increased by 19% on a pro 
forma basis, reflecting a strong contribution from India where revenue 
grew by 33% on a pro forma basis. During the 2009 financial year we 
added 24.6 million customers in India and ended the year with the 
highest rate of net additions in the market. In Egypt, revenue increased 
by 11.9% at constant exchange rates and EBITDA margins remained 
broadly flat. The EBITDA margin in the region declined by 3.7 percentage 
points,  reflecting  lower  margins  in  India  caused  by  the  pricing 
environment,  the  impact  of  our  IT  outsourcing  agreement  and 
investment in new circles. 

Verizon Wireless posted another set of strong results. Organic service 
revenue growth was 10.5%, driven by increased customer penetration 
and data. In January 2009, Verizon Wireless completed its acquisition 
of Alltel which is expected to generate cost synergies with a net 
present value of over US$9 billion and makes Verizon Wireless the 
largest US mobile company with 87 million customers. During the 
year, we have deepened our commercial relationship with Verizon 
Wireless, which now contributes 30% of our adjusted operating profit, 
with joint initiatives around LTE technology, enterprise customers and 
BlackBerry devices.

The  Group  invested  £5.9  billion  in  capital  expenditure,  including 
£1.4 billion in India to drive growth. Capital intensity in Europe was 
slightly above our 10% target as we took advantage of our strong cash 
generation to accelerate investment in broadband and higher speed 
capability on our networks in order to continue to support our strategy 
and improve our customers’ experience.

The Group incurred impairment charges of £5.9 billion in the financial 
year, the majority of which related to Spain.

Adjusted  earnings  per  share  increased  by  37.4%  to  17.17  pence, 
benefiting from a favourable foreign exchange environment and a one 
off tax benefit. Excluding these factors, adjusted earnings per share 
rose by around 3%. 

Dividends per share 
(pence)

In line with the Group’s progressive dividend policy, dividends per 
share have increased by 3.5% to 7.77 pence, reflecting the underlying 
earnings and cash performance of the Group.

6.76

7.51

7.77

Strategy
We have made good progress in implementing the strategy announced 
in November 2008.

Drive operational performance
To enhance commercial value, we are developing and launching services 
which  deliver  more  value  in  return  for  a  wider  commitment  from 
customers. In Germany, we have extended our SuperFlat tariff family to 

2007

2008

2009

87% of free cash 
flow before licence 
and spectrum 
payments returned 
to shareholders

Executive summary

include bundled mobile data and fixed broadband options. SuperFlat net 
additions have remained strong at 404,000 in the last quarter. Similar 
concepts of value enhancement products have been launched in most 
European markets, including Italy, Spain, the UK and Ireland.

Group acquired 70.0% of Ghana Telecommunications, an integrated 
mobile and fixed line telecommunications operator, which has since 
been rebranded to Vodafone. 

We have accelerated our £1 billion cost reduction programme, which 
will help us to offset the pressures of cost inflation and the competitive 
environment and invest in revenue growth opportunities. In the 2009 
financial year, we achieved approximately £200 million of cost savings, 
which were partially offset by restructuring charges. We now intend to 
deliver at least 65% of the total programme in the 2010 financial year, 
ahead of plan. The benefits of the programme are visible in our results. 
In the 2009 financial year, despite significant increases in mobile voice 
minutes  and  data  usage,  Europe’s  operating  expenses  remained 
broadly flat and mobile contribution margins were stable.

Since November 2008: we have established the Vodafone Roaming 
Services  business  unit,  which  will  manage  international  wholesale 
roaming  activities  across  the  Group;  we  have  outsourced  our  field 
network maintenance operations in the UK; and we have executed 
network  sharing  arrangements  across  Germany,  Ireland,  Spain  and  
the UK.

We are reviewing our programme to identify further ways in which the 
Group can benefit from its regional scale and further reduce costs  
in order to offset external pressures and competitor action and invest 
in growth.

Pursue growth opportunities in total communications
Data revenue grew by 25.9% on an organic basis and is now over 
£3 billion. We continue to push penetration of handheld business 
and PC connectivity devices. In April, Verizon Wireless joined the 
Joint Innovation Lab (‘JIL’) established by Vodafone, China Mobile and 
SoftBank. The JIL is creating a single platform for developers to create 
mobile widgets and applications on multiple operating systems and 
access the partners’ combined 1.1 billion customer base. Vodafone 
will also provide access to third parties to billing, location and other 
platforms,  to  enhance  user  experience  and  create  a  favourable 
environment for all.

In fixed broadband, we have continued to grow our customer base in 
Italy and Spain, and in Germany, returned to revenue growth in the 
fourth quarter. We now have 4.6 million customers, an increase of 
around 1 million during the year, of which 0.6 million arose in the 
second  half.  The  addition  of  appropriate  quality  fixed  broadband 
capability  is  increasing  the  range  of  products  we  can  offer  to 
customers, in particular in enterprise, and providing us with the ability 
to compete with integrated competitors.

Europe’s enterprise revenue grew by 1.2% during the year, ahead of 
overall business trends, demonstrating the progress we are making to 
address the enterprise opportunity. Vodafone Global Enterprise, which 
serves  our  larger  enterprise  customers  on  a  Group-wide  basis, 
delivered revenue growth of around 9%, demonstrating the appeal of 
Vodafone to multinational corporations.

Execute in emerging markets
We have continued to drive penetration in India, generating strong 
revenue growth from our brand and commercial offers and a substantial 
investment in network coverage. Indus Towers, our infrastructure joint 
venture with Bharti and Idea, began operating during the financial year. 
We expect Indus Towers will enable Vodafone to increase its capital 
efficiency in India and also to benefit from revenue generated from 
selling capacity to other operators. Growth at Vodacom, which has 
strengthened its total communications offering through the acquisition 
of Gateway, has been strong. Our performance in Turkey, where we 
remain focused on our turnaround plan, has been disappointing. We will 
continue to invest throughout the 2010 financial year to relaunch the 
company. In Qatar, the Group commenced operations after the end of 
the financial year, having been awarded the second licence with its 
partner, the Qatar Foundation, during the year. In August 2008, the 

Whilst emerging markets are of interest to us, we remain cautious and 
selective on future expansion. Our primary focus will remain on driving 
results from our existing assets.

Strengthen capital discipline
During the year we returned approximately 87% of free cash flow 
before licence and spectrum payments to shareholders in the form of 
dividends and share buy backs. Net debt has increased to £34 billion, 
primarily as a result of foreign currency movements. The Group has 
retained a low single A credit rating in line with its target.

In February 2009, consistent with our active stance on in-market 
consolidation, we agreed to merge Vodafone Australia with Hutchison 
3G Australia to create a new jointly owned company which will operate 
under  the  Vodafone  brand.  This  transaction,  which  is  subject  to 
regulatory approval, is expected to generate cost synergies with a 
present value of AUS$2 billion and will release capital to Vodafone 
through a AUS$0.5 billion deferred payment. Customers in Australia 
will benefit from the enlarged entity’s scale. 

Prospects for the year ahead
In Europe and Central Europe, operating conditions will be challenging in 
the 2010 financial year. IMF forecasts indicate a GDP decline of 4% in 2009 
across the Vodafone footprint within Europe and Central Europe and that 
unemployment could increase significantly. In these markets, we expect 
that voice and messaging revenue trends will continue as a result of 
ongoing pricing pressures and slowing usage. However, we expect further 
growth in data revenue. In Turkey, where we will focus on our turnaround 
plan, we expect that the 2010 financial year will be challenging. Revenue 
growth in other emerging markets, in particular India and Africa, is 
expected to continue as we drive penetration in these markets. We expect 
another year of good performance at Verizon Wireless.

Adjusted operating profit is expected to be in the range of £11.0 billion to 
£11.8 billion. We have widened our outlook for adjusted operating profit 
this year to reflect current economic uncertainty. Performance will be 
determined  by  actual  economic  trends,  our  success  in  closing  the 
performance gaps we have identified in certain markets and the extent 
to which we decide to reinvest cost savings into total communications 
growth opportunities. Underlying EBITDA margins, before the impact of 
acquisitions  and  disposals,  foreign  exchange  and  business  mix,  are 
expected to decline by a similar amount to the 2009 financial year. This 
trend reflects the benefit of the acceleration of the Group’s cost savings 
programme in a weaker revenue environment. Overall Group EBITDA 
margin is expected to decline at a slightly slower rate.

Free cash flow before licence and spectrum payments is expected to be 
in the range of £6.0 billion to £6.5 billion, ahead of our medium term 
target to deliver between £5.0 and £6.0 billion annual free cash flow. We 
intend to maintain European capital intensity at around 10% of revenue 
and to continue to invest significantly in India. Capital expenditure is 
expected to be similar to last year after adjusting for foreign currency.

Summary
Overall, these results reflect the benefits of Vodafone’s exposure to a 
diverse range of economies, our successful exploitation of data services 
and the opportunities derived from our regional approach, as well as the 
initial impact of our accelerated £1 billion cost savings programme.

We  are  confident  that  our  strategy  is  appropriate  for  the  current 
operating environment.

Vittorio Colao
Chief Executive

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    7

Operating environment and strategy

Vodafone’s  strategy  is  focused  on  improving  operational  execution  and  pursuing  growth 
opportunities	in	total	telecommunications	services,	while	delivering	strong	free	cash	flow.

The telecommunications industry  
remains attractive
Notwithstanding  a  challenging  economic  background  and  rising 
unemployment,  the  fundamentals  of  the  telecommunications 
industry  continue  to  be  attractive.  The  sector  remains  relatively 
resilient, but not immune, as it provides essential services that serve a 
fundamental  human  need  to  communicate  for  work  and  social 
purposes. In this environment, the sector leaders, such as Vodafone, 
continue to be able to innovate and deliver new products and services 
as well as generate strong cash flow. 

Although revenue from traditional services of voice and messaging 
in mature markets is growing more slowly due to competitive and 
regulatory pressures, there remains a significant growth opportunity 
in mobile data. There are also growth opportunities in enterprise and 
broadband markets due to increasing demand for integrated solutions, 
international services and converged offerings. 

Within  the  Vodafone  footprint,  emerging  markets,  such  as  India, 
continue to exhibit the potential for strong growth due to low mobile 
penetration rates of around 38% on average, compared to over 120% 
in Europe, which together with higher GDP growth prospects, provide 
a significant customer growth opportunity. 

Vodafone is well positioned in the 
telecommunications industry
The Group believes its leading market position is demonstrated by a 
strong level of free cash flow, with some £18 billion generated over the 
last three years, a resilient structure based on a diverse portfolio of 
assets in both mature and emerging markets and a number one or two 
ranking in most countries in which it operates. The Group has also 
been a pioneer in data products and services, developing high speed 
mobile broadband networks and providing simple to use and attractive 
devices with features such as touch screen technology. The Group has 
a recognised brand in consumer markets and a strong position in the 
enterprise segment. In addition, Vodafone is already well placed to 
benefit from growth in emerging markets, with a presence in a number 
of the countries where significant growth is expected. In a difficult 
market environment, the ability to control and reduce costs is ever 
more important. Against this background, the Group continues to 

drive  network  and  IT  savings  through  both  consolidation  and 
centralisation of core activities, as well as local operating company 
initiatives. Vodafone also benefits from a variable cost base as only 
around one third of cash operating costs are fixed. 

May 2006 strategy
In May 2006, Vodafone formulated a five point strategy and strong 
progress has been made against the key objectives. Mobile phone 
usage has grown significantly, partly offsetting price declines, key 
operating costs and capital expenditure targets have been met and 
exposure to emerging markets has increased. The share of revenue 
from non-core mobile or total communication services has grown 
through both significant data revenue growth and an increased fixed 
broadband presence. In addition, the Group has refined its portfolio of 
businesses and disposed of several non-core assets. Lastly, Vodafone 
has maintained a disciplined approach to its capital structure, which has 
proved right for the business, particularly in the current environment, 
and also returned a significant level of cash to shareholders.

Evolving telecommunications environment
A number of challenges have evolved since 2006. In particular, the 
macro  economic  environment  has  become  more  challenging. 
Competitive pressures continue to be strong, contributing to price 
declines of around 15% per annum. Consumers have an ever growing 
choice of converged communication offers from established mobile 
and  fixed  line  operators  and  newer  entrants  including  handset 
manufacturers, internet based companies and software providers. In 
addition, mobile virtual network operators, that lease network capacity 
from mobile companies, are becoming increasingly prevalent. Finally, 
regulators continue to press for substantially lower mobile termination 
rates and roaming prices, and these areas together account for around 
17% of Group revenue.

November 2008 revised strategy
In light of the changing environment the Group revised its May 2006 
strategy. The new key target is to focus on driving free cash flow 
generation. This target is supported by four main objectives: drive 
operational  performance,  pursue  growth  opportunities  in  total 
communications,  execute  in  emerging  markets  and  strengthen 
capital discipline.

May 2006 strategy

May 2006

Progress to November 2008

Revenue stimulation and  
cost reduction in Europe

–  Driving usage growth to offset price declines 
–  Delivered on cost and capital expenditure targets

Emerging market growth

–  Increased presence: Ghana, India, Poland,  

Qatar and Vodacom

Total communications

– Annualised data revenue £2.8 billion 
–  Broadband capabilities in 12 markets

Manage portfolio for  
maximum returns

–  Disposal of non-core assets: Switzerland and Belgium

Regulation

Capital structure and  
shareholder returns

–  Higher dividends: 7.51p in 2008 (6.07p in 2006)
–  £20 billion cash returned to shareholders

8    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Environment: economic, competitive 
and regulatory pressures

Economy

–  Weaker global economic growth and  

rising unemployment 

–  Lower roaming revenue as enterprise  
and consumer customers travel less

Competition

–  Ongoing price reductions due to  

competitive pressures

–  New entrants: Growing range of providers  
of converged fixed and mobile services
–  Expanding presence of mobile virtual  

network operators

–  Industry regulators continue to press  
for lower mobile termination rates and  
roaming prices, which impacts around  
17% of Group revenue

 Executive summary

 “We are confident 
that our strategy is 
appropriate for the 
current operating 
environment”

Vittorio Colao 
Chief Executive

Drive operational performance
Vodafone aims to improve execution in existing businesses through 
customer value enhancement and cost reduction. 

Vodafone continues to adopt a market by market approach focused 
on the service, rather than the technology, and targeted at enterprise 
and high value consumers as a priority. 

Value  enhancement  involves  maximising  the  value  of  existing 
customer relationships, not just the revenue. This approach shifts 
away from unit based tariffs to propositions that deliver much more 
value to customers in return for greater commitment, incremental 
penetration of the account or more balanced commercial costs. This 
requires a more disciplined approach to commercial costs to ensure 
investment  is  focused  on  those  customers  with  higher  lifetime 
value. Customer value enhancement replaces the previous focus on 
revenue stimulation.

Execute in emerging markets
Vodafone is already represented in a number of attractive emerging 
markets. The Group’s principal focus is now on execution in these 
markets, particularly in India, Turkey and the existing African footprint, 
following the acquisition of a controlling interest in Vodacom based in 
South Africa. Where possible, Vodafone will also seek to maximise the 
mobile data opportunity. While new markets are of interest, Vodafone 
will be cautious and selective on future expansion. The primary focus 
will remain on driving results from the existing footprint.

The Group has established a significant number of initiatives which 
are expected to reduce current operating costs by approximately 
£1 billion per annum by the 2011 financial year, to help offset the 
pressures from cost inflation and the competitive environment and to 
enable investment in growth opportunities. As a result, on a like for 
like basis, Vodafone is targeting broadly stable operating costs in 
Europe and for operating costs to grow at a lower rate than revenue in 
emerging markets between the 2008 and 2011 financial years. Capital 
intensity is expected to be around 10% over this period in Europe 
and  to  trend  to  European  levels  in  emerging  markets  over  the 
longer term.

Pursue growth opportunities in total communications
Regarding growth opportunities, the three target areas are mobile 
data, enterprise and broadband. Vodafone has already made significant 
progress on mobile data, with annual revenue of £3 billion, 26% higher 
on an organic basis than that of a year ago, but the opportunity remains 
significant as the proportion of the customer base that regularly uses 
data services is only around 10% in Europe. In the enterprise segment, 
Vodafone  has  a  strong  position  in  core  mobile  services,  mainly 
amongst larger corporations. The aim is to build upon this position and 
expand into the broader communications market, serving small and 
medium sized businesses with converged fixed and mobile products 
and services and to continue to increase the Group’s penetration of 
multinational accounts. In fixed broadband, the Group has a presence 
in all of its European markets and 4.6 million customers globally. 

November 2008 revised strategy

Strengthen capital discipline
The Group is focused on generating £5 billion to £6 billion of free cash 
flow per annum, excluding licence and spectrum and any potential 
CFC tax settlement. In terms of cash deployment, the priority is to 
invest in existing businesses, expand in the growth areas of mobile 
data, enterprise and broadband and acquire, where appropriate, new 
spectrum to support voice and data traffic growth. 

Beyond this, the Group will aim to enhance returns to shareholders, 
primarily  by  increasing  dividends.  In  November  2008,  the  Board 
adopted a progressive dividend policy where dividend growth reflects 
the underlying trading and cash performance of the Group. The Group 
remains committed to the current low single A long term average 
credit rating. 

After investing in existing business and returns to shareholders, the 
Group will consider opportunities to reshape the portfolio. In emerging 
markets, the focus is on execution rather than expansion. In addition, 
the  Group’s  current  capital  structure  implies  that  any  significant 
acquisition would likely need to be funded through portfolio disposals. 
Vodafone  supports  in-market  consolidation,  such  as  the  recent 
agreement to merge the Australian assets of Vodafone and Hutchison 
3G Australia to form a 50:50 joint venture.

Focus on free cash flow generation and execution

Progress

Drive operational performance

–  Value enhancement 
–  Cost reduction

Pursue growth opportunities  
in total communications

– Mobile data
– Enterprise
– Broadband

–  Launched new products in a number of markets, which offer  
customers more value in return for increased commitment
–  Accelerated £1 billion cost reduction programme; expect  

to achieve 65% in 2010

–  Expanded range of data devices with the BlackBerry Storm,  

iPhone and netbooks with built-in broadband 

–  Revenue growth of 9% in Vodafone Global Enterprise
–  1 million new fixed broadband customers; closing base of 4.6 million 

Execute in emerging markets

–  Delivery in existing markets 
–  Selective expansion/ 
cautious approach

–  Nationwide footprint in India
–  Commenced operations in Qatar since year end 
–  Acquired Gateway in Africa to strengthen total communications portfolio

Strengthen capital discipline

–  Shareholder returns
–  Clear priorities for  
surplus capital

–  Returned over 87% of free cash flow before licence and spectrum 

payments to shareholders in the 2009 financial year

–  In-market consolidation through merger of Vodafone Australia  

with Hutchison 3G Australia

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    9

 
Group at a glance

The	Group	has	a	significant	global	presence,	with	equity	interests	in	over	30	countries	and	over	40	partner	networks	
worldwide.	The	Group	is	organised	in	three	geographic	regions	–	Europe,	Africa	and	Central	Europe,	Asia	Pacific	and	
Middle East – and Verizon Wireless in the US. 

Europe

Africa and Central Europe

The Group’s mobile subsidiaries and joint venture operate under the brand name 
‘Vodafone’. The Group’s associated undertaking in France operates as SFR and 
Neuf Cegetel, and the Group’s fixed line communication businesses operate as ‘Arcor’ 
in Germany and ‘Tele2’ in Italy and Spain.

The Group’s subsidiaries operate under the ‘Vodafone’ brand. The Group’s joint 
ventures  and  associated  undertaking  operate  as  ‘Plus’  in  Poland,  ‘Vodacom’  in 
South Africa and ‘Safaricom’ in Kenya. 

Poland 24.4%

Czech Republic 100.0%

Hungary 100.0%

Romania 100.0%

Turkey 100.0%

UK 100.0%

Ireland 100.0%

Netherlands 100.0%

Germany 100.0%

France 44.0%

Italy 76.9%

Portugal 100.0%

Spain 100.0%

Albania 99.9%

Greece 99.9%

Ghana 70.0%

Kenya 40.0%

Revenue growth (%)

Country

Customers(1)

Malta 100.0%

Revenue growth (%)

Country

Customers(1)

25.1

14.3

14.8

16.3

(0.6)

K
U

r
e
h
t
O

y
l
a
t
I

n
i
a
p
S

y
n
a
m
r
e
G

Germany
Italy
Spain
UK
Albania
France
Greece
Ireland
Malta
Netherlands
Portugal

35,471
22,914
16,910
18,716
1,395
8,620
5,899
2,175
201
4,618
5,639

(1)   In thousands. Proportionate mobile customer numbers at 31 

March 2009. See “Definition of terms” on page 143.

Partner markets

Partner markets extend the Vodafone brand exposure 
outside the controlled operating companies through 
entering into a partnership agreement with a local 
mobile  operator,  enabling  a  range  of  Vodafone’s 
global products and services to be marketed in that 
operator’s territory. Under the terms of these partner 
market  agreements,  the  Group  and  its  partners 
cooperate  in  the  development  and  marketing  of 
certain services. These partnerships create additional 
revenue through royalty and franchising fees without 

10    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

18.6

15.9

10.5

(0.3)

y
e
k
r
u
T

r
e
h
t
O

m
o
c
a
d
o
V

a
i
n
a
m
o
R

Vodacom(2)
Romania
Turkey
Czech Republic
Ghana
Hungary
Kenya
Poland

17,682
9,588
15,481
2,909
1,250
2,562
5,345
3,555

Vodacom(2) 50.0%

(2)   Vodacom refers to the Group’s interest in Vodacom Group (Pty) Limited in South Africa and its  
subsidiaries, including its operations in Lesotho, Tanzania, Mozambique and the Democratic  
Republic  of  Congo.  It  also  includes  its  Gateway  services  and  business  network  solutions 
subsidiaries, which have customers in more than 40 countries in Africa.

the need for equity investment. Similar arrangements 
also exist with a number of the Group’s joint ventures, 
associated undertakings and investments.

Partnership agreements in place at 31 March 2009, 
excluding  those  with  the  Group’s  joint  ventures, 
associated undertakings and investments, are shown in 
the table to the right. 

The  results  of  partner  markets  are  included  within 
Common Functions, together with the net result of 
unallocated central costs and recharges to the Group’s 
operations, including royalty fees for the use of the 
Vodafone brand. 

Executive summary

Subsidiary 

Joint venture 

Associate 

Investment

Percentages on the maps reflect  
share of ownership at 31 March 2009

Asia Pacific and Middle East

Verizon Wireless (US)

The Group’s subsidiaries and joint venture operate under the ‘Vodafone’ brand, with 
the Group’s investment in China operating as ‘China Mobile’.

The  Group’s  associated  undertaking  in  the  US  operates  under  the  brand  
‘Verizon Wireless’.

Egypt 54.9%

Qatar 38.3%

India 51.6%

China 3.2%

Verizon Wireless 45.0%

Fiji 49.0%

Australia 100.0%

New Zealand 100.0%

Revenue growth (%)

Country

Customers(1)

Revenue growth(3) (%)

Country

Customers(1)(3)

47.6

37.7

12.3

a
i
d
n

I

t
p
y
g
E

r
e
h
t
O

India
Egypt
Australia
China
Fiji
New Zealand
Qatar

46,065
10,405
3,970
15,324
339
2,502
–

38.9

S
U

US

38,948

(3)   These amounts are not included in related Group totals as 

Verizon Wireless is an associated undertaking.

Country
Afghanistan
Armenia
Austria
Bahrain
Belgium
Bulgaria
Caribbean(1)
Chile
Croatia
Cyprus
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands

Operator
Roshan
MTS
A1
Zain
Proximus
Mobiltel
Digicel
Entel
VIPnet
Cytamobile-Vodafone
TDC 
Elisa
Vodafone Iceland

Country
Finland
Guernsey
Honduras
Hong Kong
Iceland
Japan
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Malaysia
Norway

Operator
Elisa
Airtel-Vodafone
Digicel
SmarTone-Vodafone
Vodafone Iceland
SoftBank
Airtel-Vodafone
Bité
Bité
Tango
VIP operator
Celcom
TDC

Country
Panama
Russia 
Serbia
Singapore
Slovenia
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Thailand
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan

Operator
Digicel
MTS
VIP mobile
M1
Si.mobile-Vodafone
Dialog
TDC
Swisscom
DTAC
MTS
MTS
Du
MTS

Note:
(1)   Partnership  includes  Bermuda  and  the 
following countries within the Caribbean: 
Anguilla,  Antigua  and  Barbuda,  Aruba, 
Barbados,  Bonaire,  Curaçao,  the  Cayman 
Islands,  Dominica,  French  West  Indies, 
Grenada,  Haiti,  Jamaica,  Samoa,  St  Lucia, 
St  Kitts  and  Nevis,  St  Vincent,  Trinidad 
and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands and 
British Guyana.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    11

 
 
 
 
Business overview

This  section  explains  how  Vodafone  operates,  from  the  key  assets  it  holds  to  the  activities 
it carries out to enable the delivery of products and services to the Group’s customers.

Technology and resources page 14

Network infrastructure
Connects all customers together and 
enables the Group to provide mobile and 
fixed voice, messaging and data services. 
Vodafone operates 2G networks in all 
of its mobile operating subsidiaries and 
an increasing number of 3G networks, 
providing customers with an enhanced data 
experience. Vodafone also operates an 
increasing number of fixed access networks.

Supply chain management
Handsets, network equipment, marketing 
and IT services account for the majority of 
Vodafone’s purchases, with the bulk being 
sourced from global suppliers. The Group’s 
supply chain management team is 
responsible for managing the Group’s 
relationships with all suppliers, excluding 
handsets, providing cost benefits to the 
Group through utilisation of scale and scope.

Research and development (‘R&D’)
The emphasis of the Group R&D work 
programme is to contribute leading edge 
technical capabilities to Vodafone’s 
thought and leadership offerings and 
identify new and emerging opportunities.

People page 18

Vodafone employed over 79,000 people 
worldwide during the 2009 financial year 
and aims to attract, develop and retain the 
best people by providing a stimulating and 
safe environment and offering attractive 
performance based incentives and 
rewarding career opportunities. 

Licences
Vodafone has mobile licences in all of the 
countries in which it operates, as well as 
fixed licences in a number of markets.

Information technology
Provides the IT systems to deliver customer 
service and the capability to charge 
customers for use of Vodafone’s services.

Customers page 20

Consumer
Prepaid 
Customers pay in advance and are generally not bound 
by minimum contract terms. 

Contract 
Customers usually sign up for a predetermined length  
of time and are invoiced for their services. 

12    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Business

Marketing and  
distribution page 20

Marketing and brand
Vodafone has continued to focus on 
delivering a superior, consistent and 
differentiated customer experience through 
its brand and communication activities.

Customer delight index 
Tracks customer satisfaction and identifies 
the drivers of customer delight.

Sponsorship 
The Group’s global sponsorship strategy, 
with central and local sponsorship 
agreements, has delivered strong results 
across all Vodafone markets.

Distribution
Direct distribution 
Includes owned and franchise retail stores, 
sales forces selling to enterprise customers 
and, increasingly, the internet. 

Indirect distribution 
Includes third party service providers, 
independent dealers, distributors and 
retailers and mobile virtual network 
operators (‘MVNOs’).

Services and  
devices page 21

Voice
Vodafone’s core service to customers is to 
provide mobile voice communications and 
this continues to make up the largest 
proportion of the Group’s revenue.

Messaging
Allows customers to send and receive  
text, picture and video messages using 
mobile devices.

Data
The Group offers email, mobile connectivity 
and “Internet on Your Mobile” to enhance 
customers’ access to data services.

Fixed line
Provides customers with fixed broadband 
and fixed voice and data solutions to meet 
their total communication needs.

Other
Includes mobile advertising and business 
managed services as well as incoming 
roaming and wholesale MVNO.

Handsets
The Group has a wide ranging handset 
portfolio covering different customer 
segments, price points and an increasing 
variety of designs.

Vodafone Mobile Broadband
Provides simple and secure access to the 
internet and to business customers’ 
systems such as email, corporate 
applications and company intranets.

Routers
Vodafone offers broadband services 
through digital subscriber line (‘DSL’) and 
supplies routers to enable customers to 
access these services, in some cases with 
mobile broadband built in for fast 
activation and as backup.

Enterprise
Small to medium enterprise (‘SME’) and corporate 
The Group’s strategy is to become the total 
communications provider of choice offering solutions 
which bring together fixed and mobile voice and data 
services into an integrated offer to the customer. 

Multinational  
Vodafone Global Enterprise (‘VGE’) manages the 
relationship with Vodafone’s 270 largest multinational 
corporate customers (‘MNCs’).

.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    13

 
Technology and resources

Vodafone’s key technologies and resources include the telecommunications licences it holds and the 
related  network  infrastructure,  which  enable  the  Group  to  operate  telecommunications  networks  in 
28 controlled and jointly controlled markets around the world. 

Customer devices

Access and transmission network

As a total communications 
company, Vodafone’s customers 
can use a broad range of devices  
to access its products and services.

Vodafone’s access networks provide the means by which its 
customers can connect to Vodafone. The Group provides mobile 
access through a network of base stations and fixed access 
through consumer DSL or corporate private wire. These access 
networks connect back to Vodafone’s core network via its 
transmission network.

Handsets

Netbooks  
and laptop 
computers

Fixed line 
devices

Desktop 
computers

Fixed broadband 
The DSL access multiplexer provides 
fixed line telephony connections 
enabling customers to connect to 
the internet via Vodafone.

Base station
Base stations manage the wireless radio 
transmissions to and from Vodafone’s 
customers’ mobile devices. They provide 
coverage over an area known as a cell. The 
network of cells provides the wide area 
coverage demanded by customers and 
aims to provide seamless mobility as they 
move from one cell to another. Vodafone 
uses both 2G and 3G mobile technologies.

Private wire corporate access
Vodafone delivers private branch exchange 
services to its enterprise customers via 
dedicated private wire connections. 
Through these the Group delivers the 
advanced voice and data management 
needed by corporate operations.

Transmission infrastructure
The transmission infrastructure 
connects Vodafone access networks 
to the core network. Vodafone uses 
a combination of fixed line and 
wireless (microwave) transmission 
infrastructure, which Vodafone both 
owns and leases.

14    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Business

Core network

Other networks

The core network is responsible for setting up and 
controlling the connection of Vodafone’s customers 
to the Group’s voice and data services.

Vodafone networks connect to a wide range of 
other networks to enable the Group’s customers 
to reach customers of other operators and access 
services beyond Vodafone.

The core network comprises three control domains 
and a services domain. The different domains and 
infrastructure within them are connected together 
via a transmission network.

Circuit switched
The circuit switched 
domain provides 
voice/video calls 
and some basic 
data services. The 
infrastructure in the 
circuit switched 
domain manages the 
set-up and routing of 
Vodafone’s customers’ 
connections to their 
desired service.

Packet switched
The packet switched 
domain provides 
Vodafone’s customers 
access to data 
services. This includes 
managing the delivery 
of data between 
mobile devices and 
setting up data 
connections to 
Vodafone’s advanced 
data services and 
other external 
networks.

IMS
The IP multimedia 
subsystem provides 
advanced control for 
all internet protocol 
(‘IP’) services. It 
enables Vodafone to 
deliver rich internet 
based multimedia 
services and perform 
flexible blending of 
different services.

Fixed line 
operators

Mobile  
operators

Internet  
service  
providers

Service platforms
Vodafone’s service platforms deliver advanced customer services and 
applications such as Vodafone live!, multimedia messaging, email, 
mobile TV and other data related services.

Corporate  
networks

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    15

Technology and resources continued 

Network infrastructure
Vodafone’s network infrastructure provides the means of delivering 
the Group’s mobile and fixed voice, messaging and data services to its 
customers. The Group’s customers are linked via the access part of the 
network, which connects to the core network that manages the set-up 
and routing of calls, transfer of messages and data connections, which 
provide a wide variety of other services.

The Group’s mobile network technologies
2G
Vodafone  operates  2G  networks  in  all  of  its  mobile  operating 
subsidiaries,  through  global  system  for  mobile  (‘GSM’)  networks, 
offering customers services such as voice, text messaging and basic 
data  services.  In  addition,  all  of  the  Group’s  controlled  networks 
operate general packet radio services (‘GPRS’), often referred to as 
2.5G. GPRS allows mobile devices to be used for sending and receiving 
data over an IP based network and enabling data service offers such 
as internet and email access. In a number of networks, Vodafone also 
provides an advanced version of GPRS called enhanced data rates for 
GSM evolution (‘EDGE’). These networks provide download speeds of 
over 200 kilobits per second (‘kbps’) to Vodafone’s customers. 

3G
Vodafone’s  3G  networks  operating  the  wideband  code  division 
multiple  access  (‘W-CDMA’)  standard,  provide  customers  with  an 
optimised data access experience. Vodafone has continued to expand 
its service offering on 3G networks, now offering high speed internet 
and email access, video telephony, full track music downloads, mobile 
TV and other data services in addition to existing voice and basic data 
connectivity services.

High speed packet access (‘HSPA’)
HSPA is a 3G wireless technology enhancement enabling significant 
increases in data transmission speeds. It provides increased mobile 
data traffic capacity and improves the customer experience through 
the availability of 3G broadband services and significantly shorter 
data transfer times. The Group has now deployed the 3.6 mega bits 
per second (‘Mbps’) peak speed evolution of high speed downlink 
packet access (‘HSDPA’) across almost all of its 3G networks and also 
completed the introduction of the 7.2 Mbps peak speed in key areas. 
The figures are theoretical peak rates deliverable by the technology 
in ideal radio conditions with no customer contention for resources. 
While HSDPA focuses on the downlink (network to mobile), high speed 
uplink packet access (‘HSUPA’) focuses on the uplink (mobile to 
network) and peak speeds of up to 1.4 Mbps on the uplink have now 
been widely introduced across most of the Group’s 3G networks.

Current developments in the infrastructure
As growth in data traffic accelerates with the proliferation in, and 
adoption  of,  web  services,  Vodafone  is  evolving  its  infrastructure 
through a range of initiatives.

Access network evolution 
Vodafone  is  actively  driving  additional  3G  data  technology 
enhancements  to  further  improve  the  customer’s  experience, 
including  evolutions  of  HSPA  technology  to  upgrade  both  the 
downlink  and  uplink  speeds.  Vodafone  has  successfully  trialled 
evolutions of mobile broadband technology achieving actual peak 
data download rates of up to 16 Mbps and 21 Mbps, which corresponds 
to theoretical peak rates of 21.6 Mbps and 28.8 Mbps, respectively. 
Vodafone expects to deploy uplink speeds of around 2 Mbps in a 
limited number of areas in Europe during the 2010 financial year. 

Vodafone has continued to expand its fixed broadband footprint in 
accordance  with  the  Group’s  total  communications  strategy,  by 
building its own network and/or using wholesale arrangements in 
12 countries at 31 March 2009.

Transmission network evolution
Vodafone continues to upgrade its access transmission infrastructure 
from the base stations to the core switching network to deal with the 
increasing  bandwidth  demands  in  the  access  network  and  data 
dominated traffic mix, driven by HSDPA and fixed broadband. The 
Group has continued to pursue a strategy of implementing scaleable 
and cost effective self build solutions and is also leveraging its DSL 
interests by backhauling data traffic onto more cost effective DSL 
transport connections. In the core transmission network, the Group 
has continued to expand its high capacity optical fibre infrastructure, 
including technology enhancements, which enable the use of cost 
effective IP technology to achieve high quality carrier grade transport 
of both voice and data traffic.

Core network evolution
The Group has now consolidated ten national IP networks into a single 
IP backbone, including the key European markets, centralising IP 
operations to avoid duplication and achieve simplicity and flexibility 
in the deployment of new services to serve multiple markets. The 
Group has continued to expand the deployments of IP multimedia 
subsystem (‘IMS’) infrastructure across its markets in order to serve 
the  increasing  demand  for  advanced  internet  based  services 
and applications.

Licences
The licences held across Vodafone’s operating companies enable the 
Group to deliver its fixed and mobile communication services. Further 
detail on the issue and regulation of licences and a table summarising 
the most significant mobile licences held by the Group’s operating 
subsidiaries and the Group’s joint ventures in Italy and Vodacom in 
South Africa at 31 March 2009 can be found in “Regulation” on page 
137. In addition, the Group also has licences to provide fixed line 
services in many of the countries in which it operates.

Through its mobile licences, the Group continues to hold sufficient 
spectrum in all of its operating subsidiaries and joint ventures to meet 
the medium term requirements for Vodafone’s expected voice and 
data growth. Re-farming of the Group’s existing spectrum to more 
efficient technologies can also increase the voice and data capacity of 
Vodafone’s  networks.  In  circumstances  where  the  acquisition  of 
additional spectrum offers the most cost effective means to increase 
capacity, the Group will participate in auctions or other assignment 
procedures on a case by case basis. 

Cost reduction and innovation
While evolving the Group’s infrastructure, it is also important that the 
Group continues to have a tight control over its cost base. Vodafone 
has been actively driving a variety of initiatives which enable it to 
manage its network investments.

Infrastructure sharing
Significant effort has been placed in reducing the costs of deploying 
mobile  network  infrastructure.  During  the  2009  financial  year, 
Vodafone announced a number of significant European agreements, 
including those in Germany, Spain, Ireland and the UK, along with the 
formation of a joint venture in India, Indus Towers, for the purposes of 
network sharing with other operators. The Group is now conducting 
network sharing in all but one of its controlled markets. 

Power and energy savings
Vodafone has been actively pursuing a number of initiatives to address 
energy costs and deliver against its corporate responsibility (‘CR’) 
commitment to reduce carbon emissions. During the 2009 financial 
year, there has been wide scale adoption of free cooling systems 
across the Group’s networks, which remove the need to air condition 
base  station  equipment.  In  addition,  the  Group  is  pursuing  the 
introduction  of  sustainable  energy  sources  such  as  wind  and 
solar power.

16    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Transmission network evolution

Vodafone continues to upgrade its access transmission infrastructure 

from the base stations to the core switching network to deal with the 

increasing  bandwidth  demands  in  the  access  network  and  data 

dominated traffic mix, driven by HSDPA and fixed broadband. The 

Group has continued to pursue a strategy of implementing scaleable 

and cost effective self build solutions and is also leveraging its DSL 

interests by backhauling data traffic onto more cost effective DSL 

transport connections. In the core transmission network, the Group 

has continued to expand its high capacity optical fibre infrastructure, 

including technology enhancements, which enable the use of cost 

effective IP technology to achieve high quality carrier grade transport 

of both voice and data traffic.

Core network evolution

The Group has now consolidated ten national IP networks into a single 

IP backbone, including the key European markets, centralising IP 

operations to avoid duplication and achieve simplicity and flexibility 

in the deployment of new services to serve multiple markets. The 

Group has continued to expand the deployments of IP multimedia 

subsystem (‘IMS’) infrastructure across its markets in order to serve 

the  increasing  demand  for  advanced  internet  based  services 

and applications.

Licences

The licences held across Vodafone’s operating companies enable the 

Group to deliver its fixed and mobile communication services. Further 

detail on the issue and regulation of licences and a table summarising 

the most significant mobile licences held by the Group’s operating 

subsidiaries and the Group’s joint ventures in Italy and Vodacom in 

South Africa at 31 March 2009 can be found in “Regulation” on page 

137. In addition, the Group also has licences to provide fixed line 

services in many of the countries in which it operates.

Through its mobile licences, the Group continues to hold sufficient 

spectrum in all of its operating subsidiaries and joint ventures to meet 

the medium term requirements for Vodafone’s expected voice and 

data growth. Re-farming of the Group’s existing spectrum to more 

efficient technologies can also increase the voice and data capacity of 

Vodafone’s  networks.  In  circumstances  where  the  acquisition  of 

additional spectrum offers the most cost effective means to increase 

capacity, the Group will participate in auctions or other assignment 

procedures on a case by case basis. 

Cost reduction and innovation

While evolving the Group’s infrastructure, it is also important that the 

Group continues to have a tight control over its cost base. Vodafone 

has been actively driving a variety of initiatives which enable it to 

manage its network investments.

Infrastructure sharing

Significant effort has been placed in reducing the costs of deploying 

mobile  network  infrastructure.  During  the  2009  financial  year, 

Vodafone announced a number of significant European agreements, 

including those in Germany, Spain, Ireland and the UK, along with the 

formation of a joint venture in India, Indus Towers, for the purposes of 

network sharing with other operators. The Group is now conducting 

network sharing in all but one of its controlled markets. 

Power and energy savings

Vodafone has been actively pursuing a number of initiatives to address 

energy costs and deliver against its corporate responsibility (‘CR’) 

commitment to reduce carbon emissions. During the 2009 financial 

year, there has been wide scale adoption of free cooling systems 

across the Group’s networks, which remove the need to air condition 

base  station  equipment.  In  addition,  the  Group  is  pursuing  the 

introduction  of  sustainable  energy  sources  such  as  wind  and 

solar power.

Business

Research and development 
The Group R&D function comprises an international team for applied 
research in mobile and internet communications and their related 
applications. It supports the strategic objectives of Vodafone by:

•	

•	

•	

contributing  leading  edge  technical  capabilities  to  Vodafone’s 
consumer  offerings  in  the  areas  of  internet,  web  and  terminal 
platforms and by directing the standardisation of relevant cross 
platform technologies;
identifying new and emerging business opportunities for fixed and 
mobile services; and
industry  leadership  in  the  development  of  future  generation 
network  technology  through  specification  of  standards, 
standardisation and systematic engineering trials.

Group R&D work programme
There  have  been  several  significant  advances  during  the  2009 
financial year including:

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

significant progress in long term evolution (‘LTE’) trials, a global 
radio access technology, with key partners Verizon Wireless and 
China Mobile, designed to deliver a range of customer benefits 
including higher speeds and enhanced throughput performance;
trials conducted to boost backhaul capacity using new ethernet 
microwave technology, which is expected to quadruple backhaul 
capacity  in  channelling  voice  and  data  traffic  away  from  base 
stations,  while  enhancing  network  efficiency  and  service  for 
customers and offering cost efficiencies; 
launch of the Android powered HTC Magic Pioneer smartphone, 
providing an improved mobile experience and offering scope for 
personalisation via the application rich Android market. This follows 
Vodafone’s membership of the Open Handset Alliance, established 
by Google in 2007 to develop the Android operating system for 
mobile phones;
commercial development of near field communications enabled 
mobile phones and SIM cards to reach international standards. 
Vodafone and other key players drove the contactless technology 
development with the SIM at the centre of the architecture and 
have  been  trialling  pre-standard  implementations  in  Germany 
and France; 
development and roll out of a framework for improving mobile 
access to the internet through small, personalised applications 
known  as  widgets.  Vodafone  has  also  played  a  pivotal  role  in 
driving the standardisation of this technology across the mobile 
industry; and
growth and expansion in Vodafone’s developer portal, Betavine, 
which helps developers to transition their applications to operate 
on mobile devices. Betavine is also being used as a launch pad for 
Vodafone’s engagement with the developer community to bring 
innovation to the Group’s customers and to meet needs in emerging 
markets through the Betavine social exchange.

Quality of service for data applications
The  Group  has  been  driving  the  development  of  innovative 
techniques in 3G, which enable it to carefully manage the assignment 
of capacity in its networks. With increasing bandwidth demands and 
a  data  dominated  traffic  mix,  driven  by  faster  HSDPA  and  fixed 
broadband,  the  ability  to  optimise  the  allocation  of  capacity 
according  to  the  services  and  applications  being  used  will  be 
essential in managing costs.

Femtocells
During the 2009 financial year, the Group has been testing femtocells 
across a number of markets. Femtocells are based on technology 
which consists of a powered booster box connected to a small antenna 
that amplifies existing 3G signals from the wide area network to offer 
enhanced reception over a range of up to nine metres.

IT
A wide ranging IT transformation programme was initiated in the 2008 
financial  year  to  deliver  savings,  such  as  the  outsourcing  of  IT 
application development and maintenance operations, and identify 
new opportunities. The data centre environment continues to be a 
major focus area for cost savings, building  on  the success  of  the 
consolidation  programme  by  driving  savings  initiatives  on  server 
virtualisation and storage optimisation. Application simplification is 
another area of focus as the benefits of reducing the number and 
complexity of applications include improving time to market for new 
products and services and cost reduction. Significant savings have 
been made on Vodafone’s existing IT operations, which have been 
reinvested in new products and services.

Supply chain management
Handsets, network equipment, marketing and IT services account for 
the majority of Vodafone’s purchases, with the bulk of these purchases 
being from global suppliers. The Group’s supply chain management 
(‘SCM’) team is responsible for managing the Group’s relationships 
with all suppliers, excluding those of handsets, providing cost benefits 
to the Group through utilisation of scale and scope.

SCM is a major contributor to the Vodafone cost reduction programme, 
achieved through a unified approach using global price books and 
framework agreements, a standardised approach to e-auctions, the 
introduction of low cost network vendors and achieving best in class 
pricing  for  IT  storage  and  servers.  Vodafone’s  SCM  continues  to 
transform  itself  and  is  operating  across  all  Vodafone’s  operating 
companies,  delivering  savings  that  are  measured  using  a  unified 
savings methodology, which are reported regularly to the Executive 
Committee. Vodafone’s SCM was centralised in Luxembourg during 
the 2008 financial year and is delivering further synergies for the 
Group through the execution of global material strategies based on 
local market expertise. Worldwide independent benchmarking studies 
have shown Vodafone SCM as achieving significant cost advantages. 
Vodafone  also  has  a  China  Sourcing  Centre,  which  has  achieved 
significant trading volumes, further improving the Group’s cost base. 

SCM won the “Team of the Year” award and was short listed for the 
“Corporate  Responsibility  and  Environment”  award  in  the  2008 
European Supply Chain Excellence Awards.

Suppliers to Vodafone are expected to comply with the Group’s Code 
of Ethical Purchasing. Further detail on this can be found in “Corporate 
responsibility” on page 47.

It  is  the  Group’s  policy  to  agree  terms  of  transactions,  including 
payment terms, with suppliers and it is the Group’s normal practice 
that payment is made accordingly. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    17

People

As a global organisation, Vodafone embraces the differences that every employee brings to the 
Group, recognising that a workforce which reflects the diversity of the customers it serves is 
better able to understand their expectations and more likely to have the skills and knowledge 
needed to deliver the innovative products and services that they want.

•	

•	

Certain results from this year’s survey were above the benchmark 
for other high performing organisations, particularly in relation to 
fair treatment, encouraging innovation and recognition.
Vodafone  identified  three  key  areas  of  action  (team  working, 
attracting and retaining talent and managing change) from the 
2007 survey. The 2008 survey showed significant improvement in 
each of these areas. 

Targets and actions have been identified to build upon and sustain the 
high level of engagement achieved. The Group plans to carry out 
another full global survey in November 2009.

Performance management

•	
•	

96% of employees completed performance review.
95% of employees agreed goals.

Analysis of Group’s 
employees by location

1

2

3

4

7

6

5

1.  Germany – 17.4%
2.  Italy – 7.9%
3.  Spain – 5.5%
4.  UK – 13.0%
5.  India – 10.9%
6.  Vodacom – 4.2%
7.  Other – 41.1%

Vodafone operates a globally consistent performance management 
process, which requires each individual’s performance to be reviewed 
with his or her manager and career development goals to be set 
through a performance dialogue. Excluding India, 96% of employees 
completed  a  performance  review  and  95%  of  employees  agreed 
development goals and business objectives with their manager. 

Succession  planning  is  supported  through  development  boards, 
which occur annually, covering all functions and levels within the 
organisation. Leadership roles and key appointments are reviewed 
monthly by the Executive Committee.

Training and development

•	

230,314 days of training were provided, an average of three 
days per employee.

Vodafone is committed to helping people reach their full potential 
through ongoing training and development. In the 2009 financial year, 
Vodafone  provided  an  aggregate  of  230,000  days  of  training,  an 
average of three days per employee.

In the 2008 financial year, over 4,500 managers globally received 
training on Vodafone’s total communication strategy and products. In 
the 2009 financial year, this training programme was extended to all 
employees via an online interactive course that has been translated 
into 11 languages and rolled out to 18 countries. So far, over 8,500 
people have completed the online course, and 13,701 people have 
attended the quarterly web sessions that support the programme.

In the 2008 calendar year, Vodafone launched Inspire, a development 
programme  for  the  leaders  of  tomorrow.  Inspire  has  a  total  of 
70 delegates from across 17 countries on the programme, with a 
further intake planned in the 2009 calendar year. The programme is 
focused  on  developing  commercial  acumen  and  leadership 
capabilities through a combination of training, business challenges 
and international assignments.

Vodafone employed an average of around 79,000 people worldwide 
during the 2009 financial year. The Group aims to attract, develop and 
retain the best people by providing a stimulating and safe working 
environment, offering attractive performance based incentives and 
rewarding career opportunities. 

Organisation changes

•	
•	
•	
•	

Creation of three regions managed by regional CEOs.
Creation of leaner, more agile organisation.
Higher proportion of employees in customer facing roles.
Reorganisation of teams whose activities benefit from 
economies of scale.

Vodafone changed the shape and size of its organisation during the 
2009 financial year to accommodate growth within the business as 
well as to create a leaner, more agile structure with clearer reporting 
lines and accountabilities across the Group. Changes included:

•	

•	

•	
•	

creation of three regions (Europe, Africa and Central Europe and 
Asia Pacific and Middle East), each managed by a Regional CEO; 
centralisation of teams who manage activities that benefit from the 
Group’s global scale, including terminal procurement, supply chain, 
IT and network programmes and product development;
continued integration of new acquisitions; and
restructuring  and  cost  efficiency  activities  in  some  operating 
companies.

As a consequent of these changes, approximately 1,900 jobs were 
eliminated. Despite these reductions, the overall number of people 
working for Vodafone grew by 9%, due to growth in emerging markets 
and business acquisitions. People whose jobs were affected by the 
organisational changes were treated in line with Vodafone policy and 
good practice on employee relations and consultation.

People engagement 

•	
•	

•	

Latest people survey had an 85% response rate globally.
Increased level of employee engagement, achieving the high 
performance benchmark.
High scores in fair treatment, encouraging innovation 
and recognition.

In November 2008, Vodafone carried out its fourth global people 
survey. The survey measured the level of engagement (a combination 
of pride, loyalty and motivation) of the Group’s people and 59,453 
people responded to 68 individual questions covering most aspects 
of the employee experience, achieving an 85% response rate overall. 

•	

Employee engagement increased by four percentage points to 
75%. This is the highest it has ever been since Vodafone started 
surveying its people in 2003. It is particularly significant because, 
for  the  first  time,  Vodafone  achieved  the  high  performance 
benchmark for engagement. The high performance benchmark is 
an external measure of best in class organisations that achieve 
strong financial performance alongside high levels of engagement. 
This  achievement  demonstrates  that,  more  than  ever  before, 
people  at  Vodafone  feel  proud,  committed  and  willing  to  give 
their best. 

18    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 Business

Equal opportunities and diversity

•	
•	

•	

Implementation of a new diversity and inclusion strategy.
13% of senior employees and three operating company CEOs 
are female.
23 nationalities are represented in top management bands.

Retirement benefits are provided to employees and vary depending 
on the conditions and practices in the countries concerned. These are 
provided through a variety of arrangements including defined benefit 
and defined contribution schemes.

Health, safety and wellbeing

Vodafone  is  committed  to  providing  a  working  culture  that  is 
inclusive to all. The Group does not condone unfair treatment of any 
kind and offers equal opportunities for all aspects of employment 
and advancement regardless of race, nationality, sex, age, marital 
status, disability or religious or political belief. This also applies to 
agency workers, self employed persons or contract workers who 
work for Vodafone. 

People with disabilities are assured of full and fair consideration for all 
vacancies and efforts are made to meet their special needs, particularly 
in relation to access and mobility. Where possible, modifications to 
workplaces  are  made  to  provide  access  and,  therefore,  job 
opportunities for the disabled. Every effort is made to continue the 
employment of people who become disabled via job design and the 
provision of additional facilities and appropriate training.

•	

•	

•	

Introduction of group wide product safety and assurance 
policy.
Increasing importance placed on integration into operating 
companies in developing markets.
Improvement in employee wellbeing initiatives.

The health, safety and wellbeing (‘HS&W’) of Vodafone’s customers, 
employees and others who could be affected by its activities are of 
paramount importance to Vodafone and the Group applies rigorous 
standards to all of its operations.

Following a review of business activities in the 2009 financial year, 
Vodafone introduced a group wide product safety and assurance 
policy to provide clear standards and accountabilities for managing 
HS&W in the development, sourcing, sale and use of products. 

Gender diversity is a key focus area for Vodafone. 13% of the Group’s 
senior  employees,  including  three  operating  company  CEOs,  are 
female. In 2008, Vodafone implemented a diversity and inclusion 
strategy to improve gender diversity across the Group. Nine work 
streams  were  established,  overseen  by  a  steering  committee,  to 
ensure the Group continues to make progress in this area. 

Vodafone has started to rollout inclusive leadership workshops for 
leaders in all operating countries. These workshops aim to improve 
understanding of inclusive and non-inclusive behaviour. Members of 
the  Executive  Committee  attended  the  first  of  these  workshops 
this year.

This year saw increasing importance placed on integration of HS&W 
into Vodafone businesses in developing markets. Supplier performance 
in managing high risk areas, such as network deployment, was a major 
focus. A range of initiatives included producing a ‘ Guide to Partnering 
with Vodafone’ for suppliers, establishing access for suppliers to health 
and safety resources online and actively engaging with the Group’s 
global network suppliers to agree safety standards. 

The Group’s continued focus on the implementation of wellbeing 
initiatives  across  the  business  saw  a  significant  improvement  in 
responses  by  employees  to  wellbeing  questions  in  the  2008 
people survey. 

Reward and recognition 

 Employment policies

•	

•	

Extension of reward differentiation based on individual 
performance.
A variety of share plans are offered to incentivise and 
retain employees.

•	

•	

Policies are developed to reflect local legal, cultural and 
employment requirements.
Vodafone aims to be recognised as an employer of choice.

To  support  the  goal  of  attracting  and  retaining  the  best  people, 
Vodafone provides competitive and fair rates of pay and benefits in 
each local market where it operates.

In the 2009 financial year, Vodafone extended reward differentiation 
based on individual contribution through the global reward programmes. 
This included individual differentiation on both the global short term 
incentive plan and the global long term incentive plan.

A variety of share plans are offered to incentivise and retain employees 
and in July 2008, all eligible employees across the Group were granted 
290 shares under the global allshare plan.

Key performance indicators(1) 

KPI  
Total number of employees(2) 
Employee turnover rates (%) 
Average training spend per employee (£) 
Number of women in the top senior management roles 

Number of nationalities in the top senior management roles 

The Group’s employment policies are developed to reflect local legal, 
cultural and employment requirements. The Group seeks to maintain 
high standards wherever the Group operates, as Vodafone aims to 
ensure that it is recognised as an employer of choice. The Group 
considers its employee relations to be good.

2009 
79,097 
13.0 
600 
29 

2008 
72,375 
15.2 
704 
26 

2007
66,343
14.2
530
22 
  out of 221  out of 211  out of 204
20

23 

20 

Notes:
(1)  Of the total number of employees, 71,664 (2008: 62,456, 2007: 59,909) are included in the scope of these figures. 
(2)  Represents the average number of employees during the financial year, incorporating employees of newly acquired entities from the date of acquisition and the Group’s share  

of employees in joint ventures.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customers, marketing and distribution

Vodafone  endeavours  to  ensure  that  customers’  needs  are  at  the  core  of  all  products  and 
services.  Understanding  these  needs  and  continuing  to  serve  them  is  key  to  Vodafone’s 
customer strategy. 

Customers
Vodafone has 302.6 million proportionate mobile customers across 
the globe. The Group seeks to use its understanding of customers to 
deliver  relevance  and  value  and  communicate  on  an  individual, 
household, community or business level. In delivering solutions that 
meet customers’ changing needs in a manner that is easy to access 
and is available when required, Vodafone aims to build a longer and 
deeper customer relationship.

 Vodafone continues to use a customer measurement system called 
“customer delight” to monitor and drive customer satisfaction in 
the Group’s controlled markets at a local and global level. This is a 
proprietary diagnostic system which tracks customer satisfaction 
across all points of interaction with Vodafone and identifies the drivers 
of customer delight and their relative impact. This information is used 
to identify any areas for improvement and focus.

Customer segmentation
Customer segments are targeted through many different tariffs and 
propositions,  which  are  adapted  for  any  localised  customer 
preferences and needs. These often bundle together voice, messaging, 
data and, increasingly, fixed line services.

Consumer 
Customers are typically classified as prepaid or contract customers. 
Prepaid customers pay in advance and are generally not bound to 
minimum  contractual  commitments,  while  contract  customers 
usually sign up for a predetermined length of time and are invoiced for 
their services, typically on a monthly basis. Increasingly, Vodafone 
offers SIM only tariffs allowing customers to benefit from the Vodafone 
network whilst keeping their existing handset.

Enterprise 
The  Group  continues  to  grow  usage  and  penetration  across  all 
business  segments.  VGE  manages  the  Group’s  relationship  with 
Vodafone’s  270  largest  multinational  corporate  customers.  VGE 
simplifies the provision of fixed, mobile and broadband services for 
MNCs who need a single operational and commercial relationship with 
Vodafone worldwide. It provides a range of managed services such as 
central ordering, customer self-serve web portals, telecommunications 
expense management tools and device management coupled with a 
single contract and guaranteed service level agreements. 

The Group continues to expand its portfolio of innovative solutions 
offered  to  small  office  home  office  (‘SoHo’),  SME  and  corporate 
customers. Increasingly these combine fixed and mobile voice and 
data services integrated with productivity tools.

20    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

72.9

Customer delight index 
(2008: 73.1, 2007: 70.6)

9th

in global BrandZ ranking 
Up from 11th in 2008

Marketing and brand
Vodafone has continued to build brand value by delivering a superior, 
consistent and differentiated customer experience. Communication 
activities are focused on delivering the promise of “helping customers 
make  the  most  of  their  time”.  The  Group’s  vision  is  “to  be  the 
communications leader in an increasingly connected world” expanding 
the Group’s category from mobile only to total communications. To 
enable  the  consistent  use  of  the  Vodafone  brand  in  all  customer 
interactions, a set of detailed guidelines has been developed in areas 
such as advertising, retail, online and merchandising. 

Vodafone regularly conducts brand health tracking, which is designed 
to measure the brand performance against a number of key metrics 
and generate insights to assist the management of the Vodafone 
brand across all Vodafone branded operating companies. An external 
accredited and independent market research organisation provides 
global coordination of the methodology, reporting and analysis.

Vodafone’s global sponsorship strategy has delivered a strong set of 
results  across  all  Vodafone  markets,  with  central  sponsorship 
agreements such as the title sponsorship of the Vodafone McLaren 
Mercedes  F1  team.  The  winning  performance  of  the  Vodafone 
McLaren Mercedes F1 team during the 2008 season enabled Vodafone 
to maintain a dominant presence in one of the world’s most popular 
sporting events. Vodafone successfully integrated the sponsorship 
into a wide variety of business activities including communications, 
events, content and acquisition and retention promotions.

Distribution
Vodafone  directly  owns  and  manages  over  1,800  stores  selling 
services to customers and providing customer support. The store 
footprint is constantly reviewed in response to market conditions. The 
Group also has 5,200 Vodafone branded stores, which sell Vodafone 
products and services exclusively through franchise and exclusive 
dealer arrangements. Additionally, in most operating companies, sales 
forces are in place to sell directly to business customers. The internet 
is increasingly a key channel to promote and sell Vodafone’s products 
and services and to provide customers with an easy, user friendly and 
accessible way to manage their services and access support, whilst 
reducing costs for the Group. 

The extent of indirect distribution varies between markets but may 
include  using  third  party  service  providers,  independent  dealers, 
distributors and retailers. The Group hosts MVNOs in a number of 
markets, selling access to the Vodafone network at a wholesale level. 
Where  appropriate,  Vodafone  seeks  to  enter  mutually  profitable 
relationships with MVNO partners as an additional route to market.

 
Services and devices

 Business

Vodafone offers voice, messaging, data and fixed broadband services through multiple solutions and supporting 
technologies to deliver on its total communications strategy. The advancements in 3G networks and download 
speeds, handset capabilities and the mobilisation of internet services have contributed to an acceleration of data 
services usage growth.

Devices
Vodafone offers a wide range of devices such as handsets,  
mobile data cards and mobile USB modems. 

Handsets
•	

A wide ranging handset portfolio covers different 
customer segments, price points and an increasing 
variety of designs.
67 new models released in the 2009 financial year.
16 exclusive devices launched, including the 
BlackBerry Storm touch screen device.
iPhone launched in 11 markets. 
15 consumer handsets available under Vodafone’s 
own brand in 29 markets.
3G handsets accounting for 42% of total handset sales. 
Expanded business portfolio with BlackBerry Curve™.

•	
•	

•	
•	

•	
•	

Vodafone Mobile Broadband
•	

Provides simple and secure access to the internet  
and to business customers’ systems such as email, 
corporate applications and company intranets.
The Vodafone Mobile Broadband offers enhanced 
speeds up to 7.2 Mbps downlink and up to 2.0 Mbps 
uplink by utilising HSPA technology.
A wide variety of laptop models are available with built 
in 3G broadband and Vodafone SIM cards fitted at point 
of manufacture. Vodafone’s partners Dell and Lenovo 
fit a Vodafone SIM at point of manufacture. 
All Vodafone Mobile Broadband USB modems and USB 
sticks are exclusive designs and benefit from “plug and 
play” software. Their ease of use and attractive designs 
support their deployment through consumer channels.
A number of netbooks are available with built in 3G 
broadband, which are much smaller and lighter than 
a regular laptop, including the new Dell mini 9 netbook.

•	

•	

•	

•	

DSL routers
•	

Allow customers to access the Group’s fixed 
broadband services. 
Used by both consumer and enterprise  
customers, particularly SoHo’s and SMEs.
Wired and wireless routers available. 

•	

•	

Product focus: Vodafone Mobile 
Broadband USB modem 
•	

Won the iF design award recognising 
best product design in the world, run 
by the International Design Forum in 
Hanover, Germany.

10.7m

Vodafone branded  
handsets shipped

4.5m

PC connectivity devices 

Product focus: BlackBerry Storm 
•	

First touch screen device from BlackBerry  
available to Vodafone’s customers in  
14 markets, exclusively in 11. 
Won best mobile technology 
breakthrough award at  
the 2009 GSMA global 
mobile awards.

•	

Product focus: Vodafone  
branded handsets 
•	

15 consumer handsets available 
under Vodafone’s own brand in 
29 markets.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    21

 
Services and devices continued

Voice
Voice services continue to make up the largest portion of  
the Group’s revenue and a wide range of activities have been  
undertaken over the past year to stimulate growth in voice usage. 

Incoming voice
Principal features
•	

Generated when a 
Vodafone customer 
receives a call from 
a user on another 
network.
Fees paid by 
operators based on 
termination rates 
primarily determined 
by local regulators. 

•	

•	

Outgoing voice
Principal features
Fees charged to a 
•	
Vodafone mobile 
customer who 
initiates a call. 
Many different tariffs 
and propositions 
available, targeted at 
different customer 
segments.
Relatively stable as a 
proportion of Group 
service revenue as 
higher usage offsets 
price pressures.

•	

Voice roaming
Principal features
•	

Allows Vodafone’s 
customers to make 
calls on other 
operators’ mobile 
networks while 
travelling abroad. 
International coverage 
expanded during  
the year.
Vodafone Passport 
offers great value 
to travellers.

•	

•	

£26,906m

Voice revenue
(2008: £24,151m, 2007: £21,597m)

22.5m

Vodafone Passport customers

Vodafone Passport: 
•	

Enables customers to “take their 
home tariff abroad” offering greater 
price transparency and certainty 
to customers.

Product focus:

12.5%

reduction in outgoing average price 
per minute

Tariffs: 
•	

•	

Wide range of tariffs and propositions 
on offer.
Include a range of unlimited value 
offers, which have been particularly 
appealing to customers and stimulate 
voice usage growth.

Outgoing 
(billions of minutes)

Outgoing 
Outgoing voice usage 
(billions of minutes)
(billions of minutes)

Incoming 
Incoming voice usage 
(billions of minutes)
(billions of minutes)

Incoming 
(billions of minutes)

359.1

359.1

162.7

162.7

274.8

274.8

132.4

132.4

168.4

168.4

66.6

66.6

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

Messaging
All of the Group’s mobile operations offer messaging services,  
allowing customers to send and receive messages using mobile 
handsets and various other devices.

£4,473m

Messaging revenue
(2008: £3,967m, 2007: £3,496m)

SMS and MMS
•	

Allows customers to send and receive 
text messages as well as multiple 
media, such as pictures, music, sound, 
video and text. 
Usage growth of 30.9% in the year 
ended 31 March 2009, driven by 
marketing and value focused pricing.

•	

SMS usage for the Group’s 
SMS usage  
principle mobile markets(1) 
(billions of messages)
(billions of messages)

172.0

131.4

94.6

2007

2008

2009

22    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data
The Group offers a number of products and services to 
enhance customers’ access to data services including 
access to the internet, email, music, games and television.

Business

£3,046m

Data revenue
(2008: £2,119m, 2007: £1,405m)

Connectivity 
services
•	

Provides laptop and 
PC users simple and 
secure access to 
the internet and 
business systems.
Includes email, 
corporate 
applications, 
company intranets 
and the internet 
for customers on 
the move.
Available through 
Vodafone Mobile 
Broadband devices 
and certain handsets.

•	

•	

Internet 
•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

Offers easy to use and secure customer 
browsing.
Users can access the internet on their 
mobile via Vodafone live! or web browsers.
Transparent pricing available through 
Vodafone’s “Internet on Your Mobile” 
unlimited browsing tariff. Instant 
messaging available with Yahoo! and MSN.
Offers integrated services from leading 
internet brand partners, including 
YouTube, eBay, Google and Google Maps™.
Allows customer access to a wide range 
of media content:
–   full track music downloads with more 

than 2 million songs available;

–   global games portfolio offers popular 

titles and the latest games; and

–  mobile TV, available with an average 

of 27 channels. 

Applications
•	

Vodafone Email Plus, 
Windows Mobile® 
Email from Vodafone 
and BlackBerry from 
Vodafone provide 
business customers 
with real time 
handheld access to 
email, calendar, 
address book and 
other applications. 
Suitable for 
consumers and 
enterprises, from small 
start up companies 
to multinational 
corporates.

•	

Data roaming
•	

Allows Vodafone’s 
customers to use the 
Group’s services on a 
mobile network when 
travelling abroad.
Growth supported 
by simple, easy to 
understand pricing.
More than two thirds 
of laptop roamers use 
transparent daily and 
monthly tariffs rather 
than pay per megabyte.

•	

•	

25.9%

organic data revenue growth 

19.0m

mobile internet users  
in Europe

3.5m

mobile email 
customers

11

markets offer a daily  
roaming tariff

Fixed and other services
During the 2009 financial year, Vodafone continued to diversify and expand the 
services it provides to assist customers in meeting their total communications 
needs and provide additional revenue streams to the Group.

£3,869m

Fixed and other service revenue
(2008: £2,805m, 2007: £2,373m)

Fixed services
•	

•	

•	

Fixed broadband:
 Offered mainly 
through DSL technology. Available 
in 12 countries. 
Allows consumer 
Fixed line voice: 
and enterprise customers to make 
fixed line voice calls, using Vodafone 
as their total communications 
provider. 
Office phone solutions: 
enterprise customers of all sizes 
with advanced office desk phone 
functionality integrated with their 
mobile services.

Providing 

4.6m

fixed broadband customers 

Fixed line revenue 
(£bn)

2.7

1.9

1.6

2007

2008

2009

12

markets offer fixed 
broadband services

Other services
•	

Mobile virtual 

 Allows customers 

Incoming roaming:
of other mobile operator to roam on 
Vodafone’s network using voice or 
data services.
Wholesale MVNO: 
network operators offer services using 
Vodafone’s network. New agreements 
signed during the 2009 financial year 
included ERG Petroli in Italy, Telecable 
and Hits in Spain and Lebara in the UK.
Business managed services: 
Vodafone is developing new ways 
of enabling business customers to 

•	

•	

18

markets have introduced 
mobile advertising

•	

mobilise and increase the efficiency 
of their workforce. Includes secure 
remote access allowing employees 
to access their company network on 
the move. 
Advertising:
 Generated by 
partnering with advertising specialists 
in individual markets. Includes 
capabilities such as WAP banners and 
advertising embedded in messages. 
At 31 March 2009, introduced in 
18 markets.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key performance indicators

The  Board  and  the  Executive  Committee  use  a  number  of  key  performance  indicators(1)  (‘KPIs’)  to  monitor 
Group and regional performance against budgets and forecasts as well as to measure progress against the Group’s 
strategic objectives. 

KPI

Purpose of KPI

2009

2008

2007

Free cash flow before  
licence and spectrum 
payments(2)

Provides an evaluation of the cash generated by the 
Group’s operations and available for reinvestment, 
shareholder returns or debt reduction. Also used in 
determining management’s remuneration.

£5,722m 

£5,580m

£6,343m

Service revenue and related 
organic growth(2)

 Measure of the Group’s success in growing ongoing 
revenue streams. Also used in determining 
management’s remuneration.

£38,294m
(0.3)%

£33,042m
4.3%

£28,871m
4.7%

Data revenue and related  
organic growth(2) 

Data revenue is expected to be a key driver of the 
future growth of the business.

£3,046m
25.9%

£2,119m
39.0%

£1,405m
30.7%

Capital expenditure

Measure of the Group’s investment in capital 
expenditure to deliver services to customers.

£5,909m 

£5,075m

£4,208m

EBITDA and related  
organic growth(2)

Measure used by Group management to monitor 
performance at a segment level.

£14,490m 
(3.5)%

£13,178m 
2.6%

£11,960m 
0.2%

Customer delight index

Measure of customer satisfaction across the 
Group’s controlled markets and its jointly controlled 
market in Italy. Also used in determining 
management’s remuneration.

72.9

73.1

70.6

Adjusted operating profit 
and related organic growth(2)

Measure used for the assessment of operating 
performance, including the results of associated 
undertakings. Also used in determining 
management’s remuneration.

£11,757m 
2.0%

£10,075m
5.7%

£9,531m
4.2%

Proportionate mobile  
customers(1)

Proportionate mobile  
customer net additions(1)

Voice usage (in minutes)

Customers are a key driver of revenue growth in all 
operating companies in which the Group has an 
equity interest.

Measure of the Group’s success at attracting new and 
retaining existing customers.

Voice usage is an important driver of revenue growth, 
especially given continuing price reductions in the 
competitive markets in which the Group operates.

302.6m

260.5m

206.4m

33.6m

39.5m

28.2m

548.4bn

427.9bn

245.0bn

Notes:
(1)  Definition of the key terms is provided on page 143.
(2)  See ‘Non-GAAP information’ on page 138 for further details on the use of non-GAAP measures.

24    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Operating results

Performance

This section presents the Group’s operating performance, providing commentary on how the revenue and the 
EBITDA performance of the Group and its operating segments within Europe, Africa and Central Europe, Asia Pacific 
and Middle East and Verizon Wireless have developed in the last three years.

2009 financial year compared to the 2008 financial year
Group(1)

Africa  
and Central 

Asia 
Pacific and 
 Europe   Middle East  
£m 
5,819 
5,434 
1,739 
525 

 £m 
5,501 
5,113 
1,690 
652 

Europe 
£m 
29,634 
27,886 
10,422 
6,631 

Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA(3) 
Adjusted operating profit(3) 
Adjustments for:

Impairment losses 
Other income and expense 

Operating profit 
Non-operating income and expense 
Net financing costs 
Profit before taxation 
Income tax expense 
Profit for the financial year 

Verizon 
Wireless 
£m 
− 
− 
− 
3,542 

Common 
Functions(2)  Eliminations 
£m 
(153) 
(139) 
− 
− 

£m 
216 
− 
639 
407 

£ 
15.6 
15.9 
10.0 
16.7 

% change
Organic
(0.4)
(0.3)
(3.5)
2.0

2009 
£m 
41,017 
38,294 
14,490 
11,757 

(5,900) 
− 
5,857 
(44) 
(1,624) 
4,189 
(1,109) 
3,080 

2008 
£m 
35,478 
33,042 
13,178 
10,075 

−
(28)
10,047
254
(1,300)
9,001
(2,245)
6,756

Notes:
(1)  The Group revised its segment structure during the year. See note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.
(2)  Common Functions represents the results of the partner markets and the net result of unallocated central Group costs and recharges to the Group’s operations, including royalty fees for use of the 

Vodafone brand.

(3)  See “Non-GAAP information” on page 138.

Revenue
Revenue  increased  by  15.6%,  with  favourable  exchange  rates  contributing 
13.0 percentage points and the impact of merger and acquisition activity contributing 
3.0 percentage points to revenue growth. Pro forma revenue growth, including the 
acquisition in India and the acquisition of Tele2 in Italy and Spain, was 1.3%.

Revenue in Europe declined by 2.1% on an organic basis, as benefits from new tariffs 
and promotions and a strong performance in data revenue were more than offset by 
the impact of the deteriorating European economy on voice and messaging revenue, 
including from roaming, usage growth, ongoing competitive pricing pressures and 
lower termination rates.

Common Functions, which substantially support our European operations, declined 
by 1.1 percentage points, driven by an increasing contribution from lower margin 
fixed broadband.

Africa and Central Europe’s EBITDA decreased by 2.4% on an organic basis, with the 
EBITDA margin decreasing in the majority of markets due to continued network 
expansion, investment in the turnaround plan in Turkey and increased competition 
in Romania.

In Asia Pacific and Middle East, EBITDA increased by 6% on a pro forma basis including 
India, with a decline in the EBITDA margin as licensing costs increased and network 
expansion continued, primarily in India, but also through the build out in Qatar. 

In Africa and Central Europe, revenue grew by 3.9% on an organic basis, with double 
digit revenue growth in Vodacom being offset by weakening trends in Turkey and 
Romania. Benefits from the increase in the average customer base were partially 
offset by both weaker economic conditions in the more mature markets in Central 
Europe and the impact of termination rate cuts.

The increase in Common Functions EBITDA in the current year resulted primarily 
from the inclusion of a brand royalty payment charge in the prior year and increased 
brand  revenue  in  the  current  year  following  agreement  of  revised  terms  with 
Vodafone Italy.

In Asia Pacific and Middle East, revenue grew by 19% on a pro forma basis including 
India, a result of the rise in the average customer base, although revenue growth has 
slowed, primarily as a result of stronger competition coupled with maturing market 
conditions. 

Operating profit
EBITDA increased by 10.0% to £14,490 million, with favourable exchange rates 
contributing 13.4 percentage points and the impact of merger and acquisition 
activity contributing 0.1 percentage points to EBITDA growth. Including India and 
Tele2 in Italy and Spain, pro forma EBITDA declined by 3%.

In Europe, EBITDA decreased by 7.0% on an organic basis, with a decline in the EBITDA 
margin, primarily driven by the downward revenue trend, the growth of lower margin 
fixed line operations, a brand royalty provision release included in the prior year in 
Italy and restructuring charges in a number of markets, which more than offset 
customer  and  operating  cost  savings.  The  European  EBITDA  margin,  including 

Operating profit decreased due to the growth in adjusted operating profit being more 
than offset by impairment losses in relation to operations in Spain (£3,400 million), 
Turkey  (£2,250  million)  and  Ghana  (£250  million).  Adverse  changes  in  macro 
economic assumptions generated the £550 million charge recorded in the second 
half of the financial year in relation to Turkey and all of the charge in relation to Ghana. 
Adjusted operating profit increased by 16.7%, or 2.0% on an organic basis, with a 
16.5 percentage point contribution from favourable exchange rates, whilst the 
impact of merger and acquisition activity reduced adjusted operating profit growth 
by 1.8 percentage points.

The share of results in Verizon Wireless, the Group’s associated undertaking in the US, 
increased by 21.6% on an organic basis, primarily due to a focus on the high value 
contract segment and low customer churn. On 9 January 2009, Verizon Wireless 
completed its acquisition of Alltel Corp. (‘Alltel’), adding 13.2 million customers before 
required divestitures.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    25

 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Operating results continued

Net financing costs

Investment income 
Financing costs 
Net financing costs 

Analysed as:

2009 
£m 
795 
(2,419) 
(1,624) 

2008 
£m
714
(2,014)
(1,300)

Earnings per share
Adjusted earnings per share increased by 37.4% to 17.17 pence for the year ended 
31 March 2009, resulting primarily from movements in exchange rates and the 
benefit from a favourable tax settlement, as discussed to the left. Excluding these 
factors, adjusted earnings per share rose by around 3%. Basic earnings per share 
decreased by 53.5% to 5.84 pence, including the impairment losses of £5.9 billion.

Net financing costs before dividends  
from investments 
Potential interest charges arising on settlement  
of outstanding tax issues(1) 
Dividends from investments 
Foreign exchange(2)  
Changes in fair value of equity put rights and 
similar arrangements(3) 

(1,480) 

(823)

Profit from continuing operations  
attributable to equity shareholders 

81 
110 
235 

(399)
72
(7)

(570) 
(1,624) 

(143)
(1,300)

Adjustments: 

Impairment losses 
Other income and expense(1) 
Non-operating income and expense(2)    
Investment income and financing costs(3) 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

3,078 

6,660

5,900 
– 
44 
335 
6,279 

(155) 
(145) 
9,057 

Million 
52,737 
52,969 

–
28
(254)
150
(76)

– 
44
6,628

Million
53,019
53,287

Foreign exchange on tax balances 
Tax on the above items 
Adjusted profit attributable to equity shareholders   

Weighted average number of shares outstanding  
  Basic 
  Diluted 

Notes:
(1)   The amount for the 2008 financial year represents a pre-tax charge offsetting the tax benefit 

arising on recognition of a pre-acquisition deferred tax asset. 

(2)  The amount for the 2009 financial year includes a £39 million adjustment in relation to the broad 
based black economic empowerment transaction undertaken by Vodacom. The amount for the 
2008 financial year includes £250 million representing the profit on disposal of the Group’s 
5.60% direct investment in Bharti Airtel Limited (‘Bharti Airtel’).

(3)   See notes 2 and 3 in net financing costs.

Notes:
(1)   Includes release of a £317 million interest accrual relating to a favourable settlement of long 

standing tax issues. See taxation below.

(2)  Comprises foreign exchange differences reflected in the income statement in relation to certain 
intercompany balances and the foreign exchange differences on financial instruments received 
as consideration in the disposal of Vodafone Japan to SoftBank in April 2006.

(3)   Includes the fair value movement in relation to put rights and similar arrangements held by 
minority interest holders in certain of the Group’s subsidiaries. The valuation of these financial 
liabilities is inherently unpredictable and changes in the fair value could have a material impact 
on the future results and financial position of Vodafone. The amount for the year ended 31 March 
2008 also includes a charge of £333 million representing the initial fair value of the put options 
granted over the Essar Group’s interest in Vodafone Essar, which was recorded as an expense. 
Further details of these options are provided on page 44.

Net  financing  costs  before  dividends  from  investments  increased  by  79.8%  to 
£1,480 million, primarily due to mark-to-market losses in the current year compared 
with gains in the prior year and unfavourable exchange rate movements impacting 
the translation into sterling. The interest charge resulting from the 28.2% increase 
in average net debt was minimised due to changes in the currency mix of debt 
and significantly lower interest rates for US dollar and euro denominated debt. 
At 31 March 2009, the provision for potential interest charges arising on settlement 
of outstanding tax issues was £1,635 million (31 March 2008: £1,577 million).

Taxation
The effective tax rate was 26.5% (2008: 24.9%). This rate was lower than the Group’s 
weighted average statutory tax rate due to the structural benefit from the ongoing 
enhancement to the Group’s internal capital structure and a benefit of £767 million 
following the resolution of long standing tax issues related to the Group’s acquisition 
and subsequent restructuring of the Mannesmann Group. This was offset by an 
increase in the rate due to the impact of impairment losses for which no tax benefit 
is recorded. 

26    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Europe(1)

Year ended 31 March 2009
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Year ended 31 March 2008
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Performance

Germany 
£m 

Italy 
£m 

Spain 
£m 

UK 
£m 

Other  Eliminations 
£m 

£m 

Europe 
£m 

% change
Organic

£ 

7,847 
7,535 
3,058 
1,728 
39.0% 

6,866 
6,551 
2,667 
1,490 
38.8% 

5,547 
5,347 
2,424 
1,734 
43.7% 

4,435 
4,273 
2,158 
1,573 
48.7% 

5,812 
5,356 
1,897 
1,323 
32.6% 

5,063 
4,646 
1,806 
1,282 
35.7% 

5,392 
4,912 
1,219 
235 
22.6% 

5,424 
4,952 
1,431 
431 
26.4% 

5,329 
5,029 
1,824 
1,611 
34.2% 

4,583 
4,295 
1,628 
1,430 
35.5% 

(293) 
(293) 
− 
− 

(290) 
(287) 
− 
– 

29,634 
27,886 
10,422 
6,631 
35.2%

26,081
24,430
9,690
6,206
37.2%

13.6 
14.1 
7.6 
6.8 

(2.1)
(1.7)
(7.0)
(8.2)

Note:
(1)  The Group revised its segment structure during the year. See note 3 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Revenue  increased  by  13.6%,  with  favourable  euro  exchange  rate  movements 
contributing 14.3 percentage points of growth and mergers and acquisitions activity, 
primarily Tele2, contributing a further 1.4 percentage point benefit. The organic 
decline in revenue of 2.1% was a result of a 1.7% decrease in service revenue and a 
decline in equipment revenue, reflecting lower volumes.

The impact of merger and acquisition activity and foreign exchange movements on 
revenue, service revenue, EBITDA and adjusted operating profit are shown below:

Revenue – Europe 

Service revenue
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other 
Europe 

EBITDA
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other 
Europe 

Adjusted operating profit
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other 
Europe 

Organic 
growth 
% 
(2.1) 

M&A 
activity 
pps 
1.4 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 
14.3 

Reported 
growth 
%
13.6

(2.5) 
1.2 
(4.9) 
(1.1) 
(1.2) 
(1.7) 

(2.7) 
(6.4) 
(10.5) 
(15.3) 
(4.9) 
(7.0) 

(1.2) 
(6.5) 
(10.6) 
(47.1) 
(5.3) 
(8.2) 

(0.1) 
4.7 
2.5 
0.3 
0.4 
1.4 

(0.2) 
1.2 
(0.5) 
0.5 
(0.1) 
0.2 

(0.4) 
(0.5) 
(1.9) 
1.6 
1.1 
(0.3) 

17.6 
19.2 
17.7 
− 
17.9 
14.4 

17.6 
17.5 
16.0 
− 
17.0 
14.4 

17.6 
17.2 
15.7 
− 
16.9 
15.3 

15.0
25.1
15.3
(0.8)
17.1
14.1

14.7
12.3
5.0
(14.8)
12.0
7.6

16.0
10.2
3.2
(45.5)
12.7
6.8

Service  revenue  declined  by  1.7%  on  an  organic  basis,  reflecting  a  gradual 
deterioration over the year and a 3.3% decrease in the fourth quarter, with favourable 
trends in Italy more than offset by deteriorating trends in other markets, in particular 
Spain and Greece. The impact of the economic slowdown in Europe on voice and 
messaging revenue, including from roaming, ongoing competitive pricing pressures 
and lower termination rates were not fully compensated by increased usage arising 
from new tariffs and promotions and strong growth in data revenue.

EBITDA  increased  by  7.6%,  with  favourable  euro  exchange  rate  movements 
contributing 14.4 percentage points of growth and a 0.2 percentage point benefit 
from business acquisitions. The EBITDA margin declined 2.0 percentage points year 
on year, primarily driven by the downward revenue trend, the growth of lower margin 
fixed line operations, a brand royalty provision release included in the prior year in 
Italy and restructuring charges in a number of markets, which more than offset 
customer and operating cost savings.

Germany
The 2.5% organic decline in service revenue was consistent with the prior year, 
benefiting from higher penetration of the new SuperFlat tariff portfolio. Data revenue 
growth remained strong, reflecting increased penetration of PC connectivity services 
in the customer base. Fixed line revenue declined during the year, but grew 2.1% at 
constant exchange rates in the fourth quarter, as the customer base has now largely 
migrated to new, lower priced tariffs. The fixed broadband customer base increased 
by 15.9% during the year to 3.1 million at 31 March 2009, with an additional 154,000 
wholesale fixed broadband customers. On 19 May 2008, the Group acquired a 26.4% 
interest in Arcor, following which the Group owns 100% of Arcor. The integration of 
the mobile business and the fixed line operations has progressed, with cost savings 
being realised according to plan.

EBITDA margin remained broadly stable at 39.0%, reflecting an improvement in the 
mobile margin which was offset by a decline in the fixed line margin, with the former 
due to a reduction in prepaid subsidies and an increase in the number of SIM only 
contracts. Operating expenses were also broadly stable with the prior year as a 
current year restructuring charge of €35 million (£32 million) was more than offset 
by non-recurring adjustments, including favourable legal settlements.

Italy
Organic service revenue growth was 1.2%, reflecting targeted demand stimulation 
initiatives, ARPU enhancing initiatives and strong growth in data revenue due to 
increased penetration of mobile PC connectivity devices, email enabled devices and 
mobile internet services. Organic fixed line revenue growth was 3.7%, supported by 
278,000 fixed broadband customer net additions during the year as well as the 
benefit from the launch of Vodafone Station during the summer of 2008 and the 
continued good performance of Tele2.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    27

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Operating results continued

EBITDA  declined  by  6.4%  on  an  organic  basis  and  EBITDA  margin  declined 
5.1 percentage points at constant exchange rates, mainly due to a brand royalty 
provision release in the prior year. Excluding the impact of the brand royalty provision 
release and the impact of the acquisition of Tele2, the EBITDA margin was broadly 
stable,  with  an  improvement  in  the  mobile  margin  offsetting  the  increased 
contribution of lower margin fixed line services.

Spain
Service revenue declined by 4.9% on an organic basis, with an 8.6% decline in the 
fourth quarter. Negative trends in the economic environment put strong pressure on 
usage in some customer segments and led to increased involuntary churn. Data 
revenue growth accelerated during the year, driven primarily by PC connectivity 
services  and  an  improvement  in  media  content  revenue  growth  following  a 
successful campaign in the fourth quarter. Fixed line revenue continued to grow, 
supported by the launch of Vodafone Station.

EBITDA decreased by 10.5% on an organic basis, as the decline in service revenue and 
the dilutive effect of the increased contribution of lower margin fixed line services 
outweighed benefits from cost cutting initiatives in customer and operating costs.

UK
Service revenue declined by 1.1% on an organic basis, primarily due to a decrease in 
voice revenue resulting from increased competition in a challenging economic 
environment, customer optimisation of out of bundle offers and lower roaming 
revenue. Wholesale revenue increased due to the success of the MVNO business, 
principally ASDA and Lebara. Data revenue growth was maintained, driven primarily 
by increased penetration of mobile PC connectivity and mobile internet services. The 
acquisition of Central Telecom, which provides converged enterprise services, was 
completed in December 2008.

The 15.3% organic decline in EBITDA, which included the impact of a £30 million VAT 
refund in the prior year, was primarily due to higher off network usage in messaging 
services and higher retention costs. The cost of retaining customers increased as a 
higher  proportion  of  the  contract  base  received  upgrades  in  the  current  year 
following the expiration of 18 month contracts, which were introduced in 2006. 
Operating expenses grew, primarily due to the impact of the sterling/euro exchange 
rate on euro denominated intercompany charges; otherwise operating expenses 
were broadly stable year on year.

Other Europe
On an organic basis, service revenue decreased by 1.2% during the year and 5.0% in 
the fourth quarter, as growth in the Netherlands was more than offset by declines in 
Greece and Ireland, where the trends have deteriorated throughout the year. The 
Netherlands benefited from a rise in the customer base and strong growth in visitor 
revenue.  Both  Greece  and  Ireland  were  impacted  by  deteriorating  market 
environments, which worsened in the fourth quarter, and substantial price reductions 
in prepaid tariffs, whilst Greece was also affected by termination rate cuts.

The fall in EBITDA margin of 1.3 percentage points at constant exchange rates was 
primarily driven by the service revenue decline and restructuring charges recorded 
in the fourth quarter in most countries.

The share of profit in SFR increased, reflecting the acquisition of Neuf Cegetel and 
foreign exchange benefits on translation of the results into sterling.

28    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Africa and Central Europe(1)

   Africa and 
Central 
Europe 
£m 

Other(2) 
£m 

Vodacom 
£m 

1,778 
1,548 
606 
373 
34.1% 

1,609 
1,398 
586 
365 
36.4% 

3,723 
3,565 
1,084 
279 
29.1% 

3,337 
3,219 
1,083 
387 
32.5% 

5,501 
5,113 
1,690 
652 
30.7%

4,946
4,617
1,669
752
33.7%

Year ended 31 March 2009
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Year ended 31 March 2008
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

   % change

£ 

Organic(3)

11.2 
10.7 
1.3 
(13.3) 

3.9
3.1
(2.4)
(12.9)

Notes:
(1)    The  Group  revised  its  segment  structure  during  the  year.  See  note  3  to  the  consolidated 

financial statements.

(2)  On 1 October 2007, Romania rebased all of its tariffs and changed its functional currency from 
US dollars to euros. In calculating all constant exchange rate and organic metrics which include 
Romania, previous US dollar amounts have been translated into euros at the 1 October 2007 
US$/euro exchange rate.

Revenue increased by 11.2%, including the contribution of favourable exchange rate 
movements and the impact of merger and acquisition activity. Organic revenue 
growth was 3.9%, as sustained growth in Vodacom was offset by weakening trends 
in Turkey and Romania. Service revenue growth was 3.1% on an organic basis, 
reflecting the 9.9% increase in the average customer base, partially offset by an 
impact from termination rate cuts of around three percentage points.

EBITDA  increased  by  1.3%,  with  the  contribution  of  favourable  exchange  rate 
movements partially offset by merger and acquisition activity. EBITDA decreased by 
2.4% on an organic basis, with the EBITDA margin decreasing in the majority of 
markets, reflecting the continued network expansion, investment in the turnaround 
plan in Turkey and increased competition in Romania.

The impact of merger and acquisition activity and foreign exchange movements on 
revenue, service revenue, EBITDA and adjusted operating profit are shown below:

Revenue
Africa and Central Europe 

Service revenue
Vodacom 
Other 
Africa and Central Europe 

EBITDA
Vodacom 
Other 
Africa and Central Europe 

Adjusted operating profit
Vodacom 
Other 
Africa and Central Europe 

Organic 
growth 
% 

M&A 
activity  
pps 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 

Reported 
growth 
%

3.9 

(0.7) 

8.0 

11. 2

13.8 
(0.9) 
3.1 

7.3 
(7.0) 
(2.4) 

2.1 
(1.5) 
(0.6) 

0.5 
(5.9) 
(4.0) 

6.3 
(27.5) 
(12.9) 

0.3 
(10.5) 
(5.6) 

(5.2) 
13.1 
8.2 

(4.4) 
13.0 
7.7 

(4.4) 
10.1 
5.2 

10.7
10.7
10.7

3.4
0.1
1.3

2.2
(27.9)
(13.3)

Vodacom
Service revenue grew by 13.8% on an organic basis, as strong growth in Vodacom’s 
average customer base continued, increasing by 11.2%, which took the closing 
customer base to 39.6 million on a 100% basis. Revenue growth was driven by the 
prepaid voice market and data services. Voice usage per customer in the prepaid 
market, which represents the majority of the customer base, grew as the higher 
usage driven by revised tariffs in South Africa was offset by the dilutive effect of the 
increased customer base in both Tanzania and Mozambique, which both have lower 

 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
than average ARPU. Data revenue grew by 59.7% at constant exchange rates, as the 
higher revenue base partially offset the benefit from increased penetration of mobile 
PC connectivity devices, with the absence of fixed line alternatives making mobile 
data a popular offering. Relatively low contract voice revenue growth resulted from 
reduced out of bundle usage as customers cut back on spending due to economic 
conditions. Equipment revenue was adversely impacted by consumer preference for 
lower value handsets. Trading conditions in the Democratic Republic of Congo (‘DRC’) 
have worsened significantly due to the impact of lower commodity prices on mining 
which is central to the DRC’s economy.

Organic EBITDA growth was 7.3%, despite lower margins, as the growth in revenue 
more than offset the increasing cost base, which benefited from stable customer 
costs as a percentage of revenue as the South African market matures. The cost base 
was adversely impacted by an increase in operating expenses due to continued 
expansion, investment in enterprise services, Black Economic Empowerment share 
charges and high wage inflation.

On 30 December 2008, Vodacom acquired the carrier services and business network 
solutions subsidiaries (‘Gateway’) from Gateway Telecommunications SA (Pty) Ltd. 
Gateway provides services in more than 40 countries in Africa. On 20 April 2009, the 
Group acquired an additional 15.0% stake in Vodacom and on 18 May 2009, Vodacom 
became a subsidiary undertaking following the termination of the shareholder 
agreement with Telkom SA Limited, the seller and previous joint venture partner.

Other Africa and Central Europe
Service revenue declined by 0.9% on an organic basis, due to the performance in 
Turkey combined with the impact of deteriorating economic conditions across 
Central Europe, most notably in Romania in the fourth quarter. At constant exchange 
rates, service revenue in Turkey decreased by 7.6%, with an 18.4% fall in the fourth 
quarter. Termination rate cuts adversely impacted revenue by 6.9% and revenue was 
further depressed by a higher rate of churn and a decline in prepaid ARPU due to 
intense competition in the market. Consumer confidence in Turkey fell with the 
deterioration in the macroeconomic environment, impacting revenue. Competition 
also intensified, with the launch of mobile number portability in November 2008 
leading to aggressive acquisition and pricing campaigns, especially in the fourth 
quarter of the year. Mobile ARPU fell in the second half of the year but stabilised in 
the fourth quarter following successful promotions. In Romania, service revenue 
grew by 1.1% at constant exchange rates, but deteriorated during the year, with a 
10.3% decline in the fourth quarter at constant exchange rates. The market continues 
to mature, with the decline in ARPU resulting from local currency devaluation against 
the euro – whilst tariffs are quoted in euros household incomes are earned in local 
currency – in addition to market led price reductions impacting performance in the 
fourth quarter in particular. These effects were partially offset by data revenue 
growth following successful data promotions and flexible access offers, which led to 
a rise in the number of mobile PC connectivity devices.

On an organic basis, EBITDA decreased by 7.0%, with the EBITDA margin also declining 
due to the fall in revenue and investment in the turnaround plan in Turkey. EBITDA in 
Turkey declined by 37.3% at constant exchange rates, as a result of the decline in 
revenue and increased operating expenses, reflecting higher marketing costs, higher 
technology costs due to expansion of the network and organisational restructuring 
as part of the turnaround plan. In Romania, EBITDA decreased by 4.0% at constant 
exchange  rates,  as  aggressive  market  competition  and  higher  gross  customer 
additions led to the rise in the cost of acquiring and retaining customers.

In May 2008, the Group changed the consolidation status of Safaricom from a joint 
venture to an associated undertaking, following completion of the share allocation 
for  the  public  offering  of  25.0%  of  Safaricom’s  shares  previously  held  by  the 
Government of Kenya and termination of the shareholders’ agreement with the 
Government  of  Kenya.  In  August  2008,  the  Group  acquired  70.0%  of  Ghana 
Telecommunications  Company  Limited,  which  offers  both  mobile  and  fixed 
services. The Group also increased its stake in Polkomtel from 19.6% to 24.4% in 
December 2008.

Performance

   % change
Organic

£ 

32.3 
32.5 
17.8 

(0.9) 

9.3
8.5
7.3

6.6

Asia Pacific and Middle East(1)

  Asia Pacific 
  and Middle 
East 
£m 

Other  Eliminations 
£m 

£m 

India 
£m 

Year ended  
31 March 2009
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted  
operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Year ended  
31 March 2008
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted  
operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

2,689 
2,604 
710 

3,131 
2,831 
1,029 

(37) 
26.4% 

562 
32.9% 

1,822 
1,753 
598 

2,577 
2,348 
878 

35 
32.8% 

495 
34.1% 

(1) 
(1) 
− 

− 

− 
− 
− 

− 

5,819 
5,434 
1,739 

525 
29.9%

4,399
4,101
1,476

530
33.6%

Note:
(1)    The  Group  revised  its  segment  structure  during  the  year.  See  note  3  to  the  consolidated 

financial statements.

Revenue  increased  by  32.3%,  including  the  contribution  from  favourable 
exchange rate movements in addition to the benefit from acquisitions, primarily 
in India. Revenue growth on a pro forma basis was 19%, reflecting the growth in 
India, Egypt and Australia. On an organic basis, service revenue increased by 8.5%, 
primarily as a result of the 27.3% organic rise in the average customer base, although 
revenue growth has slowed as a result of stronger competition coupled with maturing 
market conditions.

EBITDA grew by 17.8%, with favourable exchange rate movements and the positive 
impact of acquisitions contributing to the growth. On a pro forma basis including 
India, EBITDA increased by 6%. The decline in the EBITDA margin resulted from 
positive performances in India and Egypt being mitigated by a decline in Australia.

The impact of merger and acquisition activity and foreign exchange movements on 
revenue, service revenue, EBITDA and adjusted operating profit are shown below:

Revenue 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Service revenue
India 
Other 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

EBITDA
India 
Other 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Adjusted operating profit
India 
Other 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Organic 
growth 
% 

M&A 
activity  
pps 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 

Reported 
growth 
%

9.3 

13.3 

9.7 

32.3 

– 
8.5 
8.5 

– 
7.3 
7.3 

– 
6.6 
6.6 

42.5 
0.3 
14.2 

14.1 
(3.4) 
0.6 

6.0 
11.8 
9.8 

4.6 
13.3 
9.9 

48.5
20.6
32.5

18.7
17.2
17.8

(100+) 
(6.8) 
(19.7) 

(12.6) 
14.0 
12.2 

(100+)
13.8
(0.9)

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    29

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
Operating results continued

India
Revenue grew by 33% on a pro forma basis, with growth in the fourth quarter of 27.7% 
at  constant  exchange  rates.  Growth  in  the  fourth  quarter  remained  stable  in 
comparison to the third quarter as the eight percentage point benefit of the new 
revenue  stream  from  the  network  sharing  joint  venture,  Indus  Towers,  which 
launched during the first half of the year, offset the slowing underlying growth rate. 
Visitor revenue increased, albeit at a lower rate, due to the impact of economic 
pressures as people travel less. Lower effective rates per minute reflecting price 
reductions earlier in the year, coupled with the continued market shift to lifetime 
validity prepaid offerings, led to a reduction in customer churn. The lower effective 
rate and a slight fall in usage per customer were mitigated by net customer additions, 
which averaged 2.1 million per month, and the launch of services in seven new circles, 
bringing the closing customer base to 68.8 million. Customer penetration in the 
Indian mobile market reached 34% at 31 March 2009.

EBITDA grew by 5% on a pro forma basis. Customer costs as a percentage of revenue 
decreased,  benefiting  from  economies  of  scale.  Licensing  costs  increased  as 
discounts  received  from  the  regulator  in  some  service  areas  were  terminated. 
Network expansion continued, with an average of 2,600 base stations constructed 
per month, primarily in the new circles. Site sharing increased and Indus Towers 
steadily increased its operations throughout the rest of the year, with 95,000 sites 
under its management at the end of March 2009.

Other Asia Pacific and Middle East
The organic increase in service revenue of 8.5% was attributable to performances in 
Egypt and Australia. In Egypt, service revenue grew by 11.9% at constant exchange 
rates, as growth in the customer base and increased usage per customer were partially 
offset by a decline in the effective rate per minute as a result of the introduction of new 
tariffs in addition to lower termination rates and a fall in both visitor revenue and the 
enterprise segment revenue as people travelled less. Service revenue in Australia 
increased by 6.1% on an organic basis, due to an increase in the average customer base 
and good data revenue growth, especially in mobile broadband services. These were 
partially offset by lower ARPU, reflecting strong competition, which led to a lower 
revenue growth rate in the fourth quarter. In New Zealand, service revenue grew by 
4.9% at constant exchange rates, a result of an increase in the fixed broadband customer 
base and growth in data services, the latter following increased penetration of mobile 
PC connectivity devices. These benefits were partially offset by the competitive and 
recessionary trends in the market.

EBITDA grew organically by 7.3%, with a decline in the EBITDA margin, as the increase 
in Egypt was offset by the decline in Australia. Egypt’s EBITDA grew by 15.9% at constant 
exchange rates in proportion to revenue, with a slight increase in margin, despite the 
inclusion of 3G licensing fees for the full year in comparison to only part of the prior year. 
In Australia, EBITDA decreased by 17.6% on an organic basis, primarily due to a loss 
provision related to a prepaid recharge vendor and an increased focus on contract 
customers resulting in higher customer costs.

In February 2009, the Group and Hutchison Telecommunications (Australia) Limited 
agreed  to  merge  their  Australian  operations  to  form  a  50:50  joint  venture.  The 
transaction is expected to complete in the first half of the 2010 financial year. Following 
completion, the joint venture will be proportionately consolidated.

On 10 May 2009, Vodafone Qatar completed a public offering of 40% of its authorised 
share capital, raising QAR 3.4 billion (£0.6 billion). The shares are expected to be listed 
on the Doha securities market by July 2009.

Verizon Wireless

Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Interest 
Tax(1) 
Minority interest 
Discontinued operations 
Group share of result in 
Verizon Wireless  

% change
Organic
10.4
10.5
13.0

 2009 
£m 
14,085 
12,862 
5,543 
(217) 
(198) 
(78) 
57 

2008  
£m 
10,144  
9,246 
3,930 
(102) 
(166) 
(56) 
– 

£ 
38.9 
39.1 
41.0 
100+ 
19.3 
39.3 
– 

3,542 

2,447 

44.7 

21.6

Note:
(1)   The Group’s share of the tax attributable to Verizon Wireless relates only to the corporate entities 
held  by  the  Verizon  Wireless  partnership  and  certain  state  taxes  which  are  levied  on  the 
partnership. The tax attributable to the Group’s share of the partnership’s pre-tax profit is 
included within the Group tax charge. 

Verizon Wireless, the Group’s associated undertaking in the US, achieved 5.6 million 
net customer additions in a market where penetration reached an estimated 92% 
at  31  March  2009.  The  increased  closing  customer  base  of  86.6  million  was 
achieved  through  continued  strong  organic  growth,  the  acquisitions  of  Rural 
Cellular Corporation and Alltel, combined with concentration on the high value 
contract  segment  and  market  leading  customer  loyalty  as  evidenced  by  low 
customer churn.

Service revenue growth was 10.5% on an organic basis, driven by the expanding 
customer base and robust messaging and data ARPU. Messaging and data revenue 
continued to increase strongly, predominantly as a result of growth in data card, 
email and messaging services. Verizon Wireless continued to extend the reach 
of  its  3G  network,  which  now  covers  more  than  280  million  people  after  the 
Alltel acquisition.

Verizon  Wireless  improved  its  EBITDA  margin  to  39.4%  through  efficiencies  in 
operating expenses partly offset by a higher level of customer acquisition and 
retention costs, driven by increased demand for high end data devices such as the 
BlackBerry Storm.

Verizon Wireless completed the acquisition of Rural Cellular Corporation in the first 
half of the financial year, adding 0.7 million customers. On 9 January 2009, Verizon 
Wireless completed its acquisition of Alltel, purchasing Alltel’s equity and acquiring 
and repaying Alltel’s debt with Verizon Wireless and Alltel cash as well as the proceeds 
from capital market transactions. The Alltel acquisition added 13.2 million customers 
before required divestitures. Verizon Wireless expects to realise synergies with a net 
present value, after integration costs, of more than US$9 billion, driven by aggregate 
capital and operating expense savings. Increased debt in relation to the acquisition 
of Alltel led to a £150 million interest charge for the quarter ended 31 March 2009.

As part of regulatory approval for the Alltel acquisition, Verizon Wireless is required 
to  divest  overlapping  properties  in  105  markets,  corresponding  to  2.2  million 
customers. On 8 May 2009, Verizon Wireless announced an agreement with AT&T, 
which will acquire the network assets and mobile licences of 79 of these markets, 
corresponding to 1.5 million of these customers, for $2.35 billion.

30    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
 
 
2008 financial year compared to the 2007 financial year 
Group(1)(2)

Africa 
and Central 

Asia 
Pacific and 
 Europe   Middle East  
£m 
4,399 
4,101 
1,476 
530 

 £m 
4,946 
4,617 
1,669 
752 

Europe 
£m 
26,081 
24,430 
9,690 
6,206 

Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
Adjustments for:

Impairment losses 
Other income and expense 
Non-operating income of associates 

Operating profit/(loss) 
Non-operating income and expense 
Net financing costs 
Profit/(loss) before taxation 
Income tax expense 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year from continuing operations 

Performance

£ 
14.1 
14.4 
10.2 
5.7 

% change
Organic
4.2
4.3
2.6
5.7

Verizon 
Wireless 
£m 
− 
− 
− 
2,447 

Common 
Functions(3)  Eliminations 
£m 
(118) 
(106) 
− 
− 

£m 
170 
− 
343 
140 

2008 
£m 
35,478 
33,042 
13,178 
10,075 

− 
(28) 
− 
10,047 
254 
(1,300) 
9,001 
(2,245) 
6,756 

2007 
£m 
31,104 
28,871 
11,960 
9,531 

(11,600)
502
3
(1,564)
4
(823)
(2,383)
(2,423)
(4,806)

Notes:
(1)   The Group revised its segment structure during the year. See note 3 to the consolidated financial statements. 
(2)  During the 2009 financial year, the Group revised its analysis of revenue and costs. Visitor revenue and revenue from MVNOs are now reported in the line ‘other service revenue’, rather than within each 
of the lines for voice, messaging and data revenue. In the revised presentation of costs: direct costs include amounts previously reported as interconnect costs and other direct costs, except for 
expenses related to ongoing commission; customer costs include amounts previously reported within acquisition costs and retention costs, as well as expenses related to ongoing commissions, 
marketing, customer care and sales and distribution; and operating expenses are now comprised primarily of network and IT related expenditure, support costs from HR and finance and certain 
intercompany items. The following analysis reflects this change.

(3)   Common Functions represents the results of the partner markets and the net result of unallocated central Group costs and recharges to the Group’s operations, including royalty fees for use of the 

Vodafone brand.

Revenue
Revenue increased by 14.1% to £35,478 million for the year ended 31 March 2008, 
with organic growth of 4.2%. The impact of acquisitions and disposals was 6.5 
percentage points, primarily from acquisitions of subsidiaries in India in May 2007 and 
Turkey in May 2006 as well as the acquisition of Tele2’s fixed line communication and 
broadband operations in Italy and Spain in December 2007. Favourable exchange 
rate movements increased revenue by 3.4 percentage points, principally due to the 
4.2% change in the average euro/£ exchange rate, as 60% of the Group’s revenue for 
the 2008 financial year was denominated in euro.

Revenue grew in the Europe, Africa and Central Europe and Asia Pacific and Middle 
East regions by 6.1%, 20.8% and 87.4%, respectively, with growth in the Asia Pacific 
and  Middle  East  region  benefiting  from  an  81.9  percentage  point  impact  from 
acquisitions and disposals. On an organic basis, Europe recorded growth of 2.0%, 
Africa and Central Europe delivered an increase of 13.6%, while Asia Pacific and 
Middle East grew by 15.9%.

Organic revenue growth was driven by the higher customer base and successful 
usage stimulation initiatives, partially offset by ongoing price reductions and the 
impact of regulatory driven reductions. Growth in data revenue was particularly 
strong,  up  39.0%  on  an  organic  basis  to  £2,119  million,  reflecting  increased 
penetration of mobile PC connectivity devices and improved service offerings. 

On an organic basis, EBITDA increased by 15.6% in Africa and Central Europe, driven 
largely by a higher customer base and the resulting increase in service revenue. In 
Asia Pacific and Middle East, EBITDA increased by 14.3% on an organic basis, with the 
majority of the increase attributable to performances in Egypt and Australia. Europe’s 
EBITDA declined by 0.1% on an organic basis compared to the 2007 financial year, 
resulting from the continued challenges of highly penetrated markets, regulatory 
activity and price reductions.

In Europe, EBITDA was stated after a £115 million benefit from the release of a 
provision following a revised agreement in Italy relating to the use of the Vodafone 
brand and related trademarks, which is offset in Common Functions, and was also 
impacted by higher direct costs, customer costs and the impact of the Group’s 
increasing focus on fixed line services, including the acquisition of Tele2 in Italy 
and Spain.

In the Africa and Central Europe and the Asia Pacific and Middle East regions, EBITDA 
was impacted by the investment in growing the customer base and the impact of the 
acquisitions in Turkey and India, respectively. Both India and Turkey generated lower 
operating profits than regional averages, partially as a result of the investment in 
rebranding the businesses to Vodafone, increasing the customer base and improving 
network quality in Turkey.

Operating profit/(loss)
Operating profit increased to £10,047 million for the year ended 31 March 2008 from 
a loss of £1,564 million for the year ended 31 March 2007. The loss in the 2007 
financial year was mainly the result of the £11,600 million of impairment charges that 
occurred in the year, compared with none in the 2008 financial year. 

The Group’s share of results from associates grew by 5.5%, or 15.1% on an organic 
basis. The organic growth was partially offset by a 5.5 percentage point impact from 
the disposal of the Group’s interests in Belgacom Mobile S.A. and Swisscom Mobile 
A.G.  during  the  2007  financial  year  and  a  4.1  percentage  point  impact  from 
unfavourable exchange rate movements. The organic growth was driven by 24.8% 
growth in Verizon Wireless.

EBITDA increased to £13,178 million, with growth of 10.2%, or 2.6% on an organic 
basis. The net impact of acquisitions and disposals reduced reported growth by 
4.5 percentage points. The net impact of foreign exchange rates increased EBITDA 
by 3.1 percentage points, as the impact of the 4.2% increase in the average euro/£ 
exchange rate was partially offset by the 5.7% and 7.2% decreases in the average 
US$/£ and ZAR/£ exchange rates, respectively.

Other income and expense for the year ended 31 March 2007 included the gains on 
disposal of Belgacom S.A. and Swisscom Mobile A.G., amounting to £441 million and 
£68 million, respectively. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    31

 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Operating results continued

Net financing costs

Investment income 
Financing costs 
Net financing costs 

Analysed as:

Net financing costs before dividends from investments 
Potential interest charges arising on settlement of  
outstanding tax issues 
Dividends from investments 
Foreign exchange(1)  
Changes in fair value of equity put rights and  
similar arrangements(2) 

2008 
£m 
714 
(2,014) 
(1,300) 

2007 
£m
789
(1,612)
(823)

 (823) 

(435)

(399) 
72 
(7) 

(143) 
(1,300) 

(406)
57
(41)

2
(823)

Notes:
(1)   Comprises foreign exchange differences reflected in the consolidated income statement in 
relation to certain intercompany balances and the foreign exchange differences on financial 
instruments received as consideration in the disposal of Vodafone Japan to SoftBank.

(2)  Includes the fair value movement in relation to put rights and similar arrangements held by 
minority interest holders in certain of the Group’s subsidiaries. The valuation of these financial 
liabilities is inherently unpredictable and changes in the fair value could have a material impact 
on the future results and financial position of Vodafone. Also includes a charge of £333 million 
representing the initial fair value of the put options granted over the Essar Group’s interest in 
Vodafone Essar, which has been recorded as an expense. Further details of these options are 
provided on page 44.

Net  financing  costs  before  dividends  from  investments  increased  by  89.2%  to 
£823 million due to increased financing costs, reflecting higher average debt and 
effective interest rates. After taking account of hedging activities, the net financing 
costs before dividends from investments are substantially denominated in euro. 
At 31 March 2008, the provision for potential interest charges arising on settlement 
of outstanding tax issues was £1,577 million (2007: £1,213 million).

Taxation
The effective tax rate was 24.9% (2007: 26.3% exclusive of impairment losses). 
The rate was lower than the Group’s weighted average statutory tax rate due to the 
structural benefit from the ongoing enhancement of the Group’s internal capital 
structure and the resolution of historic issues with tax authorities. The 2008 financial 
year tax rate benefits from the cessation of provisioning for UK Controlled Foreign 
Company (‘CFC’) risk as highlighted in the 2007 financial year. The 2007 financial year 
additionally benefited from one-off additional tax deductions in Italy and favourable 
tax settlements in that year.

The 2007 effective tax rate including impairment losses was (101.7)%. The negative 
tax rate arose from no tax benefit being recorded for the impairment losses of 
£11,600 million. 

Earnings/(loss) per share
Adjusted earnings per share increased by 11.0% from 11.26 pence to 12.50 pence for 
the year to 31 March 2008, primarily due to increased adjusted operating profit and 
the lower weighted average number of shares following the share consolidation 
which occurred in July 2006. Basic earnings per share from continuing operations 
were 12.56 pence compared to a basic loss per share from continuing operations of 
8.94 pence for the year to 31 March 2007.

Profit/(loss) from continuing operations  
attributable to equity shareholders 

Adjustments: 

Impairment losses 
Other income and expense(1) 
Share of associated undertakings’ non-operating  
income and expense 
Non-operating income and expense(2)    
Investment income and financing costs(3) 

Tax on the above items 
Adjusted profit from continuing operations  
attributable to equity shareholders 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding  

Basic 
Diluted(4) 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m

6,660 

(4,932)

– 
28 

11,600
(502)

– 
(254) 
150 
(76) 

(3)
(4)
39
11,130

44 

13

6,628 

6,211

Million 
53,019 
53,287 

Million
55,144
55,144

Notes:
(1)   The amount for the 2008 financial year represents a pre-tax charge offsetting the tax benefit 

arising on recognition of a pre-acquisition deferred tax asset. 

(2)  The amount for the 2008 financial year includes £250 million representing the profit on disposal 

of the Group’s 5.60% direct investment in Bharti Airtel.

(3)   See notes 1 and 2 in net financing costs.
(4)   In the year ended 31 March 2007, 215 million shares have been excluded from the calculation of 

diluted loss per share as they are not dilutive.

32    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Europe(1)

Year ended 31 March 2008
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Year ended 31 March 2007
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Germany 
£m 

Italy 
£m 

6,866 
6,551 
2,667 
1,490 
38.8% 

6,790 
6,481 
2,696 
1,525 
39.7% 

4,435 
4,273 
2,158 
1,573 
48.7% 

4,245 
4,083 
2,149 
1,575 
50.6% 

Spain 
£m 

5,063 
4,646 
1,806 
1,282 
35.7% 

4,500 
4,062 
1,567 
1,100 
34.8% 

UK 
£m 

Other  Eliminations 
£m 

£m 

Europe 
£m 

5,424 
4,952 
1,431 
431 
26.4% 

5,124 
4,681 
1,459 
511 
28.5% 

4,583 
4,295 
1,628 
1,430 
35.5% 

4,275 
4,018 
1,530 
1,448 
35.8% 

(290) 
(287) 
– 
– 

(342) 
(338) 
– 
– 

26,081 
24,430 
9,690 
6,206 
37.2%

24,592
22,987
9,401
6,159
38.2%

Performance

% change
Organic

2.0
2.1
(0.1)
(1.5)

£ 

6.1 
6.3 
3.1 
0.8 

Note:
(1)   The Group revised its segment structure during the year. See note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

The Group’s strategy in the Europe region continued to drive additional usage and 
revenue from core mobile voice and messaging services and reduce the cost base in 
an intensely competitive environment where unit price declines are typical each 
year. The 2008 financial year saw a strong focus on stimulating additional usage by 
offering innovative tariffs, larger minute bundles, targeted promotions and focusing 
on prepaid to contract migration. Data revenue growth was strong throughout the 
region, mainly due to the higher take up of mobile PC connectivity devices. The 
Group’s ability to provide total communications services was enhanced through the 
acquisition of Tele2’s fixed line communication and broadband services in Italy and 
Spain in the second half of the year.

Service revenue grew by 6.3%, or by 2.1% on an organic basis, with strong growth in 
data revenue being the main driver of organic growth. Revenue was also positively 
impacted by the 9.3% rise in the total registered mobile customer base to 110.6 million 
at 31 March 2008. These factors more than offset the negative effects of termination 
rate cuts, the cancellation of top up fees on prepaid cards in Italy resulting from 
new regulation issued in March 2007 and the Group’s ongoing reduction of European 
roaming  rates.  Business  segment  service  revenue,  which  represents  28%  of 
European service revenue, grew by approximately 5% on an organic basis, driven by 
a 21% growth in the average business customer base, including strong growth in 
closing handheld business devices and mobile PC connectivity devices.

Revenue growth of 6.1% was achieved for the year ended 31 March 2008, comprising 
2.0% organic growth, a 0.7 percentage point benefit from the inclusion of acquired 
businesses, primarily Tele2, and 3.4 percentage points from favourable movements 
in exchange rates, largely due to the strengthening of the euro against sterling. 

The impact of merger and acquisition activity and exchange rate movements on 
revenue, service revenue, EBITDA and adjusted operating profit are shown below:

EBITDA increased by 3.1% for the year ended 31 March 2008, with a decline of 0.1% 
on an organic basis, and the difference primarily due to favourable exchange rate 
movements. EBITDA included the benefit from the release of a provision following a 
revised agreement in Italy related to the use of the Vodafone brand and related 
trademarks, which is offset in Common Functions. EBITDA was also impacted by 
higher customer and direct costs and the impact of the Group’s increased focus 
on fixed line services, including the acquisition of Tele2 in Italy and Spain. 

Revenue – Europe 

Service revenue
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other 
Europe 

EBITDA
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other 
Europe 

Adjusted operating profit
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other 
Europe 

Organic 
growth 
% 
2.0 

M&A 
activity  
pps 
0.7 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 
3.4 

Reported 
growth 
%
6.1

(2.9) 
(2.0) 
8.1 
5.8 
2.4 
2.1 

(5.0) 
(3.2) 
11.1 
(1.9) 
2.9 
(0.1) 

(6.0) 
(1.4) 
14.4 
(15.7) 
(4.2) 
(1.5) 

– 
2.6 
1.6 
– 
0.3 
0.8 

– 
(0.2) 
(0.4) 
– 
(0.3) 
(0.2) 

– 
(2.4) 
(2.2) 
– 
(0.5) 
(1.1) 

4.0 
4.1 
4.7 
– 
4.2 
3.4 

3.9 
3.8 
4.6 
– 
3.8 
3.4 

3.7 
3.7 
4.3 
– 
3.5 
3.4 

1.1
4.7
14.4
5.8
6.9
6.3

(1.1)
0.4
15.3
(1.9)
6.4
3.1

(2.3)
(0.1)
16.5
(15.7)
(1.2)
0.8

Germany
Service revenue remained stable, or declined by 2.9% at constant exchange rates, 
mainly due to a 7.8% decrease at constant exchange rates in voice revenue resulting 
from a reduction in termination rates, the full year impact of significant tariff cuts 
introduced in the second half of the 2007 financial year and reduced roaming rates. 
This was partially offset by the 34.4% growth in outgoing voice minutes, driven by a 
9.1%  increase  in  the  average  customer  base  and  higher  usage  per  customer. 
Messaging revenue fell by 9.0% at constant exchange rates, due to lower usage by 
prepaid customers and new tariffs with inclusive messages sent within the Vodafone 
network, which stimulated an 8.8% growth in volumes, but was more than offset by 
the resulting lower rate per message. These falls were partially offset by the 35.8% 
growth at constant exchange rates in data revenue, largely due to a 71.9% increase 
in the combined number of registered mobile PC connectivity devices and handheld 
business devices, particularly in the business segment, as well as increased Vodafone 
HappyLive! bundle penetration in the consumer segment. During the year, the fixed 
broadband customer base increased by 0.5 million to 2.6 million at 31 March 2008.

EBITDA fell by 1.1%, or 5.0% at constant exchange rates, primarily due to the reduction 
in voice revenue. Total costs decreased at constant exchange rates, mainly as a result 
of  a  3.6%  decrease  at  constant  exchange  rates  in  direct  costs  resulting  from 
termination rate cuts as well as fewer handset sales to third party distributors and 
lower content costs than in the 2007 financial year, offset by higher access line fees 
from the expanding customer base. Operating expenses fell by 9.2% at constant 
exchange  rates,  reflecting  targeted  cost  saving  initiatives,  despite  the  growing 
customer base. Customer costs rose by 5.0% at constant exchange rates, due to a 
higher volume of gross additions and a higher cost per upgrade from an increased 
focus on higher value customers.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    33

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Other Europe
Other Europe had service revenue growth of 6.9%, or 2.4% on an organic basis, 
with strong organic growth in data revenue of 41.3%. Portugal and the Netherlands 
delivered  service  revenue  growth  of  7.2%  and  9.0%,  respectively,  at  constant 
exchange rates, as both benefited from strong customer growth. These were mostly 
offset by a 6.2% decline in service revenue in Greece at constant exchange rates, 
which arose from the impact of termination rate cuts in June 2007 and the cessation 
of a national roaming agreement in April 2007.

In Other Europe, EBITDA grew by 6.4%, or 2.9% on an organic basis, largely driven by 
the 3.0% rise in revenue at constant exchange rates, but offset by increased customer 
costs. The growth in EBITDA was primarily driven by increases in Portugal and the 
Netherlands of 12.3% and 7.9%, respectively, at constant exchange rates, resulting 
from the growth in service revenue, as well as good cost control in Portugal. These 
were partially offset by the 4.4% fall at constant exchange rates in Greece, where 
results  were  affected  by  a  decline  in  service  revenue,  increased  retention  and 
marketing costs and a regulatory fine. 

Africa and Central Europe(1)

Year ended 31 March 2008
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Year ended 31 March 2007
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Vodacom 
£m 

1,609 
1,398 
586 
365 
36.4% 

1,478 
1,287 
532 
327 
36.0% 

   Africa and 
Central 
Europe 
£m 

Other(2) 
£m 

3,337 
3,219 
1,083 
387 
32.5% 

2,616 
2,528 
893 
238 
34.1% 

4,946 
4,617 
1,669 
752 
33.7%

4,094
3,815
1,425
565
34.8%

   % change

£ 

Organic(2)

20.8 
21.0 
17.1 
33.1 

13.6
13.2
15.6
18.0

Notes:
(1)   The  Group  revised  its  segment  structure  during  the  year.  See  note  3  to  the  consolidated 

financial statements.

(2)  On 1 October 2007, Romania rebased all of its tariffs and changed its functional currency from 
US dollars to euros. In calculating all constant exchange rate and organic metrics which include 
Romania, previous US dollar amounts have been translated into euros at the 1 October 2007 
US$/euro exchange rate.

Vodafone has continued to execute on its strategy to deliver strong growth in 
emerging markets during the 2008 financial year, with good performances in Turkey, 
acquired in May 2006, and Romania. The Group began to differentiate itself in its 
emerging markets, with initiatives such as the Vodafone M-PESA/Vodafone Money 
Transfer service.

Revenue growth for the year ended 31 March 2008 was 20.8% for the region, or 
13.6% on an organic basis, with the key driver of organic growth being the increase in 
service revenue of 21.0%, or 13.2% on an organic basis.

EBITDA increased by 17.1% for the year ended 31 March 2008, or 15.6% on an organic 
basis, due to strong performances in Vodacom and Romania.

Operating results continued

Italy
Service revenue increased by 0.6%, as a 7.4% fall in voice revenue was offset by 17.3% 
and 39.8% increases in messaging and data revenue, respectively, all at constant 
exchange rates, as well as the contribution from the Tele2 acquisition in the second 
half of the year. On an organic basis, service revenue fell by 2.0%. The regulatory 
cancellation of top up fees and reduction in termination rates led to the fall in voice 
revenue  but  were  partially  mitigated  by  a  21.5%  rise  in  outgoing  voice  usage, 
benefiting  from  a  23.2%  increase  in  average  consumer  and  business  contract 
customers, successful promotions and initiatives driving usage within the Vodafone 
network, and elasticity arising from the top up fee removal. The success of targeted 
promotions and tariff options contributed to the 31.8% growth in messaging volumes, 
while the increase in data revenue was driven by the 108.0% growth in registered 
mobile PC connectivity devices.

EBITDA increased by 0.4%, but decreased by 3.2% on an organic basis, primarily as a 
result of the fall in voice revenue due to the regulatory cancellation of top up fees. 
Direct costs decreased by 0.3% on an organic basis, reflecting the growth in outgoing 
voice  minute  volumes,  offset  by  a  higher  proportion  of  calls  and  messages  to 
Vodafone customers and lower prepaid airtime commissions. Customer costs rose 
by 13.7% on an organic basis due to the investment in the business and higher value 
consumer contract segments. Operating expenses fell on an organic basis by 19.7% 
as a result of the release of the provision for brand royalty payments following 
agreement of revised terms.

Spain
Spain delivered service revenue growth of 9.7%, with 6.7% growth in voice revenue 
and 31.1% growth in data revenue, all at constant exchange rates, as well as the 
contribution from the Tele2 acquisition in the second half of the year. Organic growth 
in service revenue was 8.1%, with lower organic growth of 5.8% in the second half of 
the  year  resulting  from  a  slowing  average  customer  base  growth  rate  in  an 
increasingly competitive market. Outgoing voice and messaging revenue benefited 
from the 9.1% growth in the average customer base and an increase in usage and 
volumes of 14.1% and 12.7%, respectively, driven by various usage stimulation 
initiatives. A 101.1% increase in registered mobile PC connectivity devices led to 
the increase in data revenue.

Spain generated growth of 15.3% in EBITDA, or 11.1% on an organic basis, due to the 
increase in service revenue, partially offset by a 4.5% rise in organic customer costs 
driven by the higher volume of upgrades and cost per contract upgrade as well as a 
reduction in gross additions. The proportion of contract customers within the total 
closing customer base increased by 3.2 percentage points to 58.0%. Direct costs 
increased by 5.6% on an organic basis as the benefit from termination rate cuts was 
more  than offset by the higher volumes  of outgoing voice minutes. Operating 
expenses increased by 0.4% on an organic basis but fell as a percentage of service 
revenue as a result of good cost control.

UK
The UK recorded service revenue growth of 5.8%, with an 8.9% increase in the average 
customer base, following the success of the new tariff initiatives introduced in 
September 2006. Sustained market performance and increased penetration of 
18 month contracts, which led to lower contract churn for the year, contributed 
to the growth in the customer base. Voice revenue remained stable as the lower 
prices were offset by a 16.6% increase in total usage. Messaging revenue increased 
by 21.7% following a 36.7% rise in usage, driven by the higher take up of messaging 
bundles. Growth of 28.5% was achieved in data revenue due to improved service 
offerings for business customers and the benefit of higher registered mobile PC 
connectivity devices.

Although service revenue grew by 5.8%, EBITDA fell by 1.9% as a result of the rise 
in total costs, partially offset by a £30 million VAT refund. Direct costs increased by 
12.4% due to the 20.0% growth in outgoing mobile minutes, reflecting growth in the 
customer base and larger bundled offers and cost of sales associated with the 
growing managed solutions business and investment in content based data services. 
The  UK  business  continued  to  invest  in  acquiring  new  customers  in  a  highly 
competitive  market,  leading  to  a  6.3%  increase  in  customer  costs.  Operating 
expenses increased by 8.5%, although remained stable as a percentage of service 
revenue, with the increase due to a rise in commercial operating costs in support 
of sales channels and customer care activities and a £35 million charge for the 
restructuring programmes announced in March 2008.

34    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Performance

The impact of merger and acquisition activity and foreign exchange movements on 
revenue, service revenue, EBITDA and adjusted operating profit are shown below:

EBITDA  grew  by  21.1%,  or  by  13.9%  on  an  organic  basis,  with  the  main  drivers 
of growth being Turkey and Romania.

Revenue 
Africa and Central Europe  

Service revenue
Vodacom 
Other 
Africa and Central Europe 

EBITDA
Vodacom 
Other 
Africa and Central Europe  

Adjusted operating profit
Vodacom 
Other 
Africa and Central Europe  

Organic 
growth 
% 

M&A 
activity  
pps 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 

Reported 
growth 
%

13.6 

6.0 

1.2 

20.8

16.5 
11.2 
13.2 

18.3 
13.9 
15.6 

19.1 
17.0 
18.0 

– 
9.5 
6.2 

– 
3.6 
2.1 

– 
52.7 
22.6 

(7.9) 
6.6 
1.6 

(7.9) 
3.6 
(0.6) 

(7.5) 
(7.1) 
(7.5) 

8.6
27.3
21.0

10.4
21.1
17.1

11.6
62.6
33.1

On an organic basis, voice revenue grew by 12.0% and messaging revenue and data 
revenue rose by 6.6% and 103.9%, respectively, as a result of the 22.4% organic 
increase in the average customer base.

Vodacom
Vodacom’s service revenue increased by 8.6%, or 16.5% at constant exchange rates, 
which was achieved largely through average customer growth of 23.1%. The customer 
base was impacted by a change in the prepaid disconnection policy, which resulted 
in 1.45 million disconnections in September 2007 and a higher ongoing disconnection 
rate. Vodacom’s data revenue growth remained very strong, driven by a rapid rise in 
mobile PC connectivity devices.

Vodacom’s EBITDA rose by 10.4%, or 18.3% at constant exchange rates. The main 
cost  drivers  were  operating  expenses,  which  increased  by  19.3%  at  constant 
exchange rates, and direct costs which grew by 17.1% at constant exchange rates, 
primarily as a result of increased prepaid airtime commission following the growth 
of  the  business.  Growth  at  constant  exchange  rates  was  in  excess  of  reported 
growth  as  Vodacom’s  reported  performance  in  the  2008  financial  year  was 
impacted by the negative effect of exchange rates arising on the translation of its 
results into sterling.

Other Africa and Central Europe
Service  revenue  increased  by  27.3%,  by  11.2%  on  an  organic  basis,  driven  by 
performances in Turkey and Romania.

At constant exchange rates, Turkey delivered revenue growth of 24%, assuming the 
Group owned the business for the whole of both periods, with 25.2% growth in the 
average customer base compared to the 2007 financial year. While growth rates 
remained high, they slowed in the last quarter of the year, but remained consistent 
with the overall growth rate for the market. In order to maintain momentum in an 
increasingly  competitive  environment,  the  business  concentrated  on  targeted 
promotional offers and focused on developing distribution, as well as continued 
investment in the brand and completing the planned improvements to network 
coverage. The revenue performance year on year was principally as a result of 
the increase in voice revenue driven by the rise in average customers, but also 
benefited from the growth in messaging revenue, resulting from higher volumes.

In Romania, service revenue increased by 15.0%, or 19.6% at constant exchange 
rates, driven by an 18.3% rise in the average customer base following the impact 
of initiatives focusing on business and contract customers, as well as growth in 
roaming revenue and a strong performance in data revenue following successful 
promotions and a growing base of mobile data customers. However, service revenue 
growth slowed in the last quarter, when compared to the same quarter in the 2007 
financial year, in line with lower average customer growth, which was in turn driven 
by increased competition in the market, with five mobile operators competing for 
market share.

Turkey generated strong growth in EBITDA, assuming the Group owned the business 
for the whole of both periods, driven by the increase in revenue. The closing customer 
base grew by 21.8% following additional investment in customer acquisition activities, 
with the new connections in the year driving the higher customer costs. Direct costs 
were up, mainly due to ongoing regulatory fees, which equate to 15% of revenue. 
Operating expenses remained constant as a percentage of service revenue but 
increased following continued investment in the brand and network in line with the 
acquisition plan.

Romania’s EBITDA grew by 15.8%, or 20.9% at constant exchange rates, with increases 
in costs being mitigated by service revenue performance. Direct costs grew, reflecting 
the 18.3% rise in the average customer base. As a percentage of service revenue, 
customer costs increased as a result of the increased competition for customers. 
Increases in the number of direct sales and distribution employees, following the 
market trend towards direct distribution channels, led to a 6.6% increase in operating 
expenses, or 11.0% at constant exchange rates.

Asia Pacific and Middle East(1)

   Asia Pacific 
   and Middle 
East 
£m 

Other 
£m 

2,577 
2,348 
878 
495 
34.1% 

2,347 
2,154 
826 
472 
35.2% 

4,399 
4,101 
1,476 
530 
33.6%

2,347
2,154
826
472
35.2%

India 
£m 

1,822 
1,753 
598 
35 
32.8% 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

Year ended 31 March 2008
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

Year ended 31 March 2007
Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Adjusted operating profit 
EBITDA margin 

   % change
Organic
£ 

87.4 
90.4 
78.7 
12.3 

15.9
16.2
14.3
8.1

Note:
(1)   The  Group  revised  its  segment  structure  during  the  year.  See  note  3  to  the  consolidated 

financial statements.

Vodafone continued to execute on its strategy to deliver strong growth in emerging 
markets during the 2008 financial year, with the acquisition of Vodafone Essar 
(formerly Hutchison Essar) in India and with strong performance in Egypt. The Group 
began  to  differentiate  itself  in  emerging  markets,  with  initiatives  such  as  the 
introduction of Vodafone branded handsets.

On 8 May 2007, the Group continued to successfully increase its portfolio in emerging 
markets by acquiring companies with interests in Vodafone Essar, a leading operator 
in  the  fast  growing  Indian  mobile  market,  following  which  the  Group  controls 
Vodafone Essar. The business was rebranded to Vodafone in September 2007.

In conjunction with the Vodafone Essar acquisition, the Group signed a memorandum 
of understanding with Bharti Airtel, the Group’s former joint venture in India, on 
infrastructure sharing and granted an option to a Bharti group company to buy its 
5.60% direct interest in Bharti Airtel, which was exercised on 9 May 2007.

Revenue growth for the year ended 31 March 2008 was 87.4% for the region, or 15.9% 
on an organic basis, with the key driver for organic growth being the increase in 
service revenue of 90.4%, or 16.2% on an organic basis.

EBITDA increased by 78.7% for the year ended 31 March 2008, or 14.3% on an organic 
basis, due to performances in Egypt and Australia.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    35

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
Operating results continued

The impact of merger and acquisition activity and foreign exchange movements on 
revenue, service revenue, EBITDA and adjusted operating profit are shown below:

Organic 
growth 
% 

M&A 
activity 
pps 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 

Reported 
growth 
%

15.9 

81.9 

(10.4) 

87.4

In Egypt, EBITDA increased by 20.6% at constant exchange rates. Direct costs grew 
due to prepaid airtime commission increases and 3G licence costs. Within operating 
expenses, staff investment programmes, higher publicity costs and leased line costs 
increased  during  the  year,  although  operating  expenses  remained  stable  as  a 
percentage of service revenue.

The favourable performance in Australia was a result of the higher contract customer 
base, achieved through expansion of retail distribution, with higher contract revenue 
offsetting the increase in customer costs.

– 
16.2 
16.2 

– 
14.3 
14.3 

– 
8.1 
8.1 

– 
– 
86.6 

– 
– 
77.6 

– 
– 
7.6 

– 
(7.2) 
(12.4) 

– 
(8.1) 
(13.2) 

– 
(3.4) 
(3.4) 

–
9.0
90.4

–
6.2
78.7

–
4.7
12.3

Verizon Wireless

Revenue 
Service revenue 
EBITDA 
Interest 
Tax(1) 
Minority interest 
Group’s share of result in  
Verizon Wireless 

2008 
£m 
10,144 
9,246 
3,930 
(102) 
(166) 
(56) 

2007 
£m 
9,387 
8,507 
3,614 
(179) 
(125) 
(61) 

£ 
8.1 
8.7 
8.7 
(43.0)
32.8
(8.2)

% change
$
14.5
15.2
15.3

2,447 

2,077 

17.8 

24.8

Revenue 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Service revenue
India 
Other 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

EBITDA
India 
Other 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Adjusted operating profit
India 
Other 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Note:
(1)   The Group’s share of the tax attributable to Verizon Wireless relates only to the corporate 
entities held by the Verizon Wireless partnership and certain state taxes which are levied on 
the partnership. 

Verizon Wireless increased its closing customer base by 10.6% in the year ended 
31 March 2008, adding 6.5 million net additions to reach a total customer base of 
67.2 million. The performance was particularly robust in the higher value contract 
segment and was achieved in a market where the estimated mobile penetration 
reached 88% at 31 March 2008.

The strong customer growth was achieved through a combination of higher gross 
additions and Verizon Wireless’ strong customer loyalty, with the latter evidenced 
through continuing low levels of churn. The 12.3% growth in the average mobile 
customer base combined with a 2.7% increase in ARPU resulted in a 15.2% increase 
in service revenue. ARPU growth was achieved through the continued success 
of  non-voice  services,  driven  predominantly  by  data  cards,  wireless  email  and 
messaging services. Verizon Wireless’ operating profit was impacted by efficiencies 
in other direct costs and operating expenses, partly offset by a higher level of 
customer acquisition and retention costs.

During the 2008 financial year, Verizon Wireless consolidated its spectrum position 
through the Federal Communications Commission’s Auction 73, winning the auction 
for  a  nationwide  spectrum  footprint  plus  licences  for  individual  markets  for 
US$9.4 billion, which was fully funded by debt. This spectrum depth will allow Verizon 
Wireless to continue to grow revenue, to preserve its reputation as the nation’s most 
reliable wireless network, and to continue to lead in data services to satisfy the next 
wave of services and consumer electronics devices.

The Group’s share of the tax attributable to Verizon Wireless for the year ended 
31 March 2008 relates only to the corporate entities held by the Verizon Wireless 
partnership. The tax attributable to the Group’s share of the partnership’s pre-tax 
profit is included within the Group tax charge.

India
At constant exchange rates, Vodafone Essar performed well since acquisition, with 
growth in revenue of 55% assuming the Group owned the business for the whole 
of both periods. Since acquisition, there were 16.4 million net customer additions, 
bringing the total customer base to 44.1 million at 31 March 2008. Penetration 
in mobile telephony increased following falling prices of both handsets and tariffs and 
network coverage increases. The market remains competitive and prepaid offerings 
are moving to lifetime validity products, which allow the customer to stay connected 
to the network without requiring any top ups. Revenue continued to grow as the 
customer base increased, particularly in outgoing voice as service offerings drove 
greater usage. 

The Indian mobile market continued to grow, with penetration reaching 23% by 
the end of March 2008. Vodafone Essar, which successfully adopted the Vodafone 
brand in September 2007, continued to perform well, with EBITDA slightly ahead 
of expectations held at the time of the completion of the acquisition. This was partially 
due  to  the  Group’s  rapid  network  expansion  in  this  market  together  with 
improvements  in  operating  expense  efficiency,  particularly  in  customer  care. 
The outsourcing of the IT function was implemented during January 2008 and is 
expected to lead to the faster roll out of more varied services to customers, while 
delivering greater cost efficiencies.

Other Asia Pacific and Middle East
Service  revenue  increased  by  9.0%,  by  16.2%  on  an  organic  basis,  driven  by 
performances in Egypt and Australia.

In Egypt, service revenue growth was 31.2% at constant exchange rates, benefiting 
from a 52.7% increase in the average customer base and an increase in voice revenue, 
with the fall in the effective rate per minute being offset by a 60.1% increase in usage. 
The success of recent prepaid customer offerings, such as the Vodafone Family tariff, 
contributed  to  the  45.8%  growth  in  closing  customers  compared  to  the  2007 
financial year.

In Australia, service revenue grew by 7.5% at constant exchange rates, which was 
achieved despite the sharp regulatory driven decline in termination rates during the 
year. Revenue growth in Australia reflected an 8.0% increase in the average customer 
base and the mix of higher value contract customers. New Zealand also saw strong 
growth in service revenue, which increased by 20.0%, or by 10.1% at constant 
exchange rates, driven primarily by a 16.7% increase in the average contract customer 
base and strong growth in data and fixed line revenue.

EBITDA grew by 6.2%, or by 14.3% on an organic basis, with the main drivers of growth 
being Egypt and Australia.

36    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Outlook

2010 financial year

2009 financial year

2009 performance 
2010 outlook(2)(3) 

Adjusted 
operating 
profit 
£bn 
11.8 
11.0 to 11.8 

Free 

cash flow(1) 

£bn
5.7(1)

6.0 to 6.5

Notes:
(1)   Excludes spectrum and licence payments but includes payments in respect of long standing tax 
issues. The amount for the 2009 financial year is stated after £0.3 billion of tax payments, 
including associated interest, in respect of a number of long standing tax issues.

(2)  Includes  assumptions  of  average  foreign  exchange  rates  for  the  2010  financial  year  of 
approximately £1:€1.12 (2009: 1.20) and £1:US$1.50 (2009: 1.72). A substantial majority of the 
Group’s adjusted operating profit and free cash flow is denominated in currencies other than 
sterling, the Group’s reporting currency. A 1% change in the euro to sterling exchange rate would 
impact adjusted operating profit by approximately £70 million.

(3)   The  outlook  does  not  include  the  impact  of  reorganisation  costs  arising  from  the  Alltel 
acquisition by Verizon Wireless but includes the impact of the Group’s acquisition of a further 
15.0% stake in Vodacom and the consolidation of that entity from 18 May 2009. 

In Europe and Central Europe, recent significant declines in GDP and continued 
competitive  intensity  will  make  operating  conditions  challenging  in  the  2010 
financial year. In these markets, the Group expects that voice and messaging revenue 
trends will continue as a result of ongoing pricing pressures and slowing usage 
growth. However, further growth in data revenue is expected. In Turkey, the Group 
expects that the 2010 financial year will be challenging. Revenue growth in other 
emerging markets, in particular India and Africa, is expected to continue as the Group 
drives  penetration  in  these  markets.  The  Group  expects  another  year  of  good 
performance at Verizon Wireless.

Adjusted operating profit is expected to be in the range £11.0 billion to £11.8 billion, 
with benefits from the improved foreign exchange environment being offset by 
weaker trends in trading. The wider outlook range for adjusted operating profit is 
consistent  with  the  uncertain  economic  environment.  Performance  will  be 
determined by actual economic trends, the Group’s speed in closing performance 
gaps which exist in certain markets and the extent to which the Group decides to 
reinvest part of its cost savings into total communications growth opportunities. 
Underlying  EBITDA  margins  in  the  2010  financial  year,  before  the  impact  of 
acquisitions and disposals, foreign exchange and business mix, are expected to 
decline by a similar amount to the 2009 financial year, reflecting the benefit of the 
acceleration  of  the  Group’s  cost  savings  programme  in  a  weaker  revenue 
environment. Overall Group EBITDA margin is expected to decline at a slightly 
slower rate. Total depreciation and amortisation charges are expected to be around 
£8.5 billion, higher than in the 2009 financial year as the result of the acquisition of a 
further stake in Vodacom and the consolidation of that entity from 18 May 2009, 
capital expenditure in India and the impact of foreign exchange rates.

Free cash flow before licence and spectrum payments is expected to be in the range 
£6.0 billion to £6.5 billion, ahead of the Group’s medium term target to deliver 
between £5.0 and £6.0 billion annual free cash flow. Capitalised fixed asset additions 
are expected to be at a similar level to the 2009 financial year after adjusting for the 
impact of foreign exchange. European capital intensity will be around 10% of revenue 
and the Group expects to continue to invest in India.

The Group continues to make significant cash payments for tax and associated 
interest in respect of long standing tax issues. The Group does not expect resolution 
of the application of UK Controlled Foreign Company legislation to the Group in the 
near term.

The adjusted tax rate percentage is expected to be in the mid 20s for the 2010 
financial year, driven by reducing rates of corporate taxation in certain countries where 
the Group operates, with the Group targeting a similar level in the medium term.

Performance

Capitalised 
fixed asset 
additions 
£bn 
5.3 to 5.8 
(0.2) 
0.1 
– 
5.2 to 5.7 
0.3 
5.5 to 6.0 
5.9 

Free 

cash flow(1) 

£bn
5.1 to 5.6
0.1
(0.1)
0.1
5.2 to 5.7
0.3
5.5 to 6.0
5.7

Revenue 
£bn 

Adjusted 
operating 
profit 
£bn 
Outlook – May 2008(2) 
39.8 to 40.7  11.0 to 11.5 
(0.4) 
Operational 
– 
Acquisitions 
Foreign exchange 
0.4 
Outlook – November 2008(3)  38.8 to 39.7  11.0 to 11.5 
Foreign exchange 
0.5 
Outlook – February 2009(4) 
40.6 to 41.5  11.5 to 12.0 
11.8 
2009 performance 

(1.0) 
0.2 
0.3 

41.0 

1.8 

Notes:
(1)  Before licence and spectrum payments.
(2)  The Group’s outlook from May 2008 reflected expectations for average foreign exchange rates 

for the 2009 financial year of approximately £1:€1.30 and £1:US$1.96.

(3)   The  Group’s  outlook,  as  updated  in  November  2008,  reflected  the  impact  of  the  Group’s 
acquisition of stakes in Ghana, Qatar and Poland and by SFR of Neuf Cegetel and updated 
expectations for average foreign exchange rates for the 2009 financial year of approximately 
£1:€1.26 and £1:US$1.80. 

(4)    The Group’s outlook, as updated in February 2009, reflected updated expectations for average 
foreign exchange rates for the 2009 financial year of approximately £1:€1.20 and £1:US$1.72.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    37

 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
Principal risk factors and uncertainties

The following discussion of principal risk factors and uncertainties identifies the most significant risks that may 
adversely affect the Group’s business, operations, liquidity, financial position or future performance. This section 
should be carefully read in conjunction with the “Forward-looking statements” on page 142 of this document.

Adverse macro economic conditions in the markets in which the Group 
operates could impact the Group’s results of operations. 
Adverse macro economic conditions and further deterioration in the global economic 
environment, such as a deepening recession or further economic slowdown in the 
markets in which the Group operates, may lead to a reduction in the level of demand 
from the Group’s customers for existing and new products and services. In difficult 
economic conditions, consumers may seek to reduce discretionary spending by 
reducing their use of the Group’s products and services, including data services, or 
by switching to lower-cost alternatives offered by the Group’s competitors. Similarly, 
under these conditions the enterprise customers that the Group serves may delay 
purchasing decisions, delay full implementation of service offerings or reduce their 
use of the Group’s services. In addition, adverse economic conditions may lead to an 
increased number of the Group’s consumer and enterprise customers that are unable 
to pay for existing or additional services. If these events were to occur, it could have 
a material adverse effect on the Group’s results of operations.

The  focus  of  competition  in  many  of  the  Group’s  markets  continues  to  shift 
from  customer  acquisition  to  customer  retention  as  the  market  for  mobile 
telecommunications has become increasingly penetrated. Customer deactivations 
are measured by the Group’s churn rate. There can be no assurance that the Group 
will not experience increases in churn rates, particularly as competition intensifies. 
An increase in churn rates could adversely affect profitability because the Group 
would experience lower revenue and additional selling costs to replace customers 
or recapture lost revenue.

Increased competition has also led to declines in the prices the Group charges for its 
mobile services and is expected to lead to further price declines in the future. 
Competition could also lead to an increase in the level at which the Group must 
provide  subsidies  for  handsets.  Additionally,  the  Group  could  face  increased 
competition should there be an award of additional licences in jurisdictions in which 
a member of the Group already has a licence.

The continued volatility of worldwide financial markets may make it more 
difficult for the Group to raise capital externally, which could have a 
negative impact on the Group’s access to finance.
The Group’s key sources of liquidity in the foreseeable future are likely to be cash 
generated  from  operations  and  borrowings  through  long  term  and  short  term 
issuances in the capital markets as well as committed bank facilities. Due to the 
recent volatility experienced in capital and credit markets around the world, new 
issuances of debt securities may experience decreased demand. Adverse changes 
in credit markets or Vodafone’s credit ratings could increase the cost of borrowing 
and banks may be unwilling to renew credit facilities on existing terms. Any of these 
factors could have a negative impact on the Group’s access to finance. 

Regulatory decisions and changes in the regulatory environment could 
adversely affect the Group’s business. 
As the Group has ventures in a large number of geographic areas, it must comply with 
an  extensive  range  of  requirements  that  regulate  and  supervise  the  licensing, 
construction and operation of its telecommunications networks and services. In 
particular,  there  are  agencies  which  regulate  and  supervise  the  allocation  of 
frequency spectrum and which monitor and enforce regulation and competition 
laws which apply to the mobile telecommunications industry. Decisions by regulators 
regarding the granting, amendment or renewal of licences, to the Group or to third 
parties, could adversely affect the Group’s future operations in these geographic 
areas. The Group cannot provide any assurances that governments in the countries 
in which it operates will not issue telecommunications licences to new operators 
whose services will compete with it. In addition, other changes in the regulatory 
environment concerning the use of mobile phones may lead to a reduction in the 
usage of mobile phones or otherwise adversely affect the Group. Additionally, 
decisions by regulators and new legislation, such as those relating to international 
roaming charges and call termination rates, could affect the pricing for, or adversely 
affect  the  revenue  from,  the  services  the  Group  offers.  Further  details  on  the 
regulatory framework in certain countries and regions in which the Group operates, 
and on regulatory proceedings can be found in “Regulation” on page 135.

Increased competition may reduce market share and revenue. 
The Group faces intensifying competition and its ability to compete effectively will 
depend on, among other things, network quality, capacity and coverage, the pricing 
of services and equipment, the quality of customer service, development of new and 
enhanced products and services, the reach and quality of sales and distribution 
channels and capital resources. Competition could lead to a reduction in the rate at 
which the Group adds new customers, a decrease in the size of the Group’s market 
share  and  a  decline  in  the  Group’s  ARPU  as  customers  choose  to  receive 
telecommunications services, or other competing services, from other providers. 
Examples include, but are not limited to, competition from internet based services 
and MVNOs.

Delays in the development of handsets and network compatibility and 
components may hinder the deployment of new technologies.
The  Group’s  operations  depend  in  part  upon  the  successful  deployment  of 
continuously  evolving  telecommunications  technologies.  The  Group  uses 
technologies from a number of vendors and makes significant capital expenditures 
in connection with the deployment of such technologies. There can be no assurance 
that common standards and specifications will be achieved, that there will be inter-
operability across Group and other networks, that technologies will be developed 
according to anticipated schedules, that they will perform according to expectations 
or that they will achieve commercial acceptance. The introduction of software and 
other network components may also be delayed. The failure of vendor performance 
or technology performance to meet the Group’s expectations or the failure of a 
technology to achieve commercial acceptance could result in additional capital 
expenditures by the Group or a reduction in profitability.

The Group may experience a decline in revenue or profitability 
notwithstanding its efforts to increase revenue from the introduction 
of new services.
As part of its strategy, the Group will continue to offer new services to its existing 
customers and seek to increase non-voice service revenue as a percentage of total 
service revenue. However, the Group may not be able to introduce these new services 
commercially, or may experience significant delays due to problems such as the 
availability of new mobile handsets, higher than anticipated prices of new handsets 
or  availability  of  new  content  services.  In  addition,  even  if  these  services  are 
introduced in accordance with expected time schedules, there is no assurance that 
revenue from such services will increase ARPU or maintain profit margins.

Expected benefits from cost reduction initiatives may not be realised.
The Group has entered into several cost reduction initiatives principally relating to 
network sharing, the outsourcing of IT application, development and maintenance, 
data centre consolidation, supply chain management and a business transformation 
programme  to  implement  a  single,  integrated  operating  model  using  one  ERP 
system. However, there is no assurance that the full extent of the anticipated benefits 
will be realised in the timeline envisaged.

Changes in assumptions underlying the carrying value of certain Group 
assets could result in impairment.
Vodafone completes a review of the carrying value of its assets annually, or more 
frequently where the circumstances require, to assess whether those carrying values 
can be supported by the net present value of future cash flows derived from such 
assets. This review examines the continued appropriateness of the assumptions in 
respect of highly uncertain matters upon which the carrying values of certain of the 
Group’s assets are based. This includes an assessment of discount rates and long term 
growth rates, future technological developments and timing and quantum of future 
capital  expenditure,  as  well  as  several  factors  which  may  affect  revenue  and 

38    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

profitability identified within other risk factors in this section such as intensifying 
competition, pricing pressures, regulatory changes and the timing for introducing 
new products or services. Due to the Group’s substantial carrying value of goodwill 
under International Financial Reporting Standards, the revision of any of these 
assumptions to reflect current or anticipated changes in operations or the financial 
condition of the Group could lead to an impairment in the carrying value of certain 
assets in the Group. While impairment does not impact reported cash flows, it does 
result in a non-cash charge in the consolidated income statement and thus no 
assurance can be given that any future impairments would not affect the Company’s 
reported distributable reserves and therefore its ability to make distributions to 
its shareholders or repurchase its shares. See “Critical accounting estimates” on 
page 71.

The Group’s geographic expansion may increase exposure to unpredictable 
economic, political and legal risks.
Political,  economic  and  legal  systems  in  emerging  markets  historically  are  less 
predictable than in countries with more developed institutional structures. As the 
Group increasingly enters into emerging markets, the value of the Group’s investments 
may be adversely affected by political, economic and legal developments which are 
beyond the Group’s control.

Expected benefits from acquisitions may not be realised.
The Group has made significant acquisitions, which are expected to deliver benefits 
resulting from the anticipated growth potential of the relevant markets. However, 
there is no assurance as to the successful integration of companies acquired by the 
Group or the extent to which the anticipated benefits resulting from the acquisitions 
will be achieved.

The Company’s strategic objectives may be impeded by the fact that it does 
not have a controlling interest in some of its ventures.
Some of the Group’s interests in mobile licences are held through entities in which it 
is a significant, but not a controlling owner. Under the governing documents for some 
of these partnerships and corporations, certain key matters such as the approval of 
business plans and decisions as to the timing and amount of cash distributions 
require the consent of the partners. In others, these matters may be approved 
without the Company’s consent. The Company may enter into similar arrangements 
as it participates in ventures formed to pursue additional opportunities. Although the 
Group has not been materially constrained by the nature of its mobile ownership 
interests, no assurance can be given that its partners will not exercise their power of 
veto or their controlling influence in any of the Group’s ventures in a way that will 
hinder the Group’s corporate objectives and reduce any anticipated cost savings or 
revenue enhancement resulting from these ventures.

Expected benefits from investment in networks, licences and new 
technology may not be realised.
The Group has made substantial investments in the acquisition of licences and in its 
mobile  networks,  including  the  roll  out  of  3G  networks.  The  Group  expects  to 
continue to make significant investments in its mobile networks due to increased 
usage and the need to offer new services and greater functionality afforded by new 
or evolving telecommunications technologies. Accordingly, the rate of the Group’s 
capital expenditures in future years could remain high or exceed that which it has 
experienced to date. 

There  can be no assurance that the introduction of new services will proceed 
according to anticipated schedules or that the level of demand for new services will 
justify the cost of setting up and providing new services. Failure or a delay in the 
completion of networks and the launch of new services, or increases in the associated 
costs, could have a material adverse effect on the Group’s operations.

The Group’s business and its ability to retain customers and attract new 
customers may be impaired by actual or perceived health risks associated 
with the transmission of radio waves from mobile telephones, transmitters 
and associated equipment.
Concerns have been expressed in some countries where the Group operates that 
the  electromagnetic  signals  emitted  by  mobile  telephone  handsets  and  base 
stations may pose health risks at exposure levels below existing guideline levels and 
may interfere with the operation of electronic equipment. In addition, as described 
under the heading “Legal proceedings” in note 33 to the consolidated financial 
statements,  several  mobile  industry  participants,  including  the  Company  and 
Verizon Wireless, have had lawsuits filed against them alleging various health 

Performance

consequences as a result of mobile phone usage, including brain cancer. While the 
Company is not aware that such health risks have been substantiated, there can be 
no  assurance  that  the  actual,  or  perceived,  risks  associated  with  radio  wave 
transmission will not impair its ability to retain customers and attract new customers, 
reduce mobile telecommunications usage or result in further litigation. In such 
event, because of the Group’s strategic focus on mobile telecommunications, its 
business and results of operations may be more adversely affected than those of 
other companies in the telecommunications sector.

The Group’s business would be adversely affected by the non-supply 
of equipment and support services by a major supplier.
Companies within the Group source network infrastructure and other equipment, as 
well as network-related and other significant support services, from third party 
suppliers. The withdrawal or removal from the market of one or more of these major 
third party suppliers could adversely affect the Group’s operations and could result 
in additional capital or operational expenditures by the Group.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    39

Financial position and resources

Consolidated balance sheet

Non-current assets
Intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investments in associated undertakings    
Other non-current assets 

Current assets 
Total assets 

Total equity shareholders’ funds 
Total minority interests 
Total equity 

Liabilities
Borrowings

Long term  
Short term 
Taxation liabilities

Deferred tax liabilities 
Current taxation liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities 
Other current liabilities 
Total liabilities  
Total equity and liabilities  

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

74,938 
19,250 
34,715 
10,767 
139,670 
13,029 
152,699 

70,331
16,735
22,545
8,935
118,546
8,724
127,270

86,162 
(1,385) 
84,777 

78,043
(1,572)
76,471

31,749 
9,624 

22,662
4,532

6,642 
4,552 
1,584 
13,771 
67,922 
152,699 

5,109
5,123
1,055
12,318
50,799
127,270

Non-current assets
Intangible assets
At 31 March 2009, the Group’s intangible assets were £74.9 billion, with goodwill 
comprising the largest element at £54.0 billion (2008: £51.3 billion). The increase in 
intangible assets was primarily as a result of £10.0 billion of favourable exchange rate 
movements and £2.3 billion of additions, partially offset by amortisation of £2.8 billion 
and an impairment charge of £5.9 billion. Refer to note 10 to the consolidated 
financial statements for further information on the impairment charge. 

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment increased from £16.7 billion at 31 March 2008 to 
£19.3 billion at 31 March 2009, predominantly as a result of £4.8 billion of additions 
and £2.1 billion of favourable foreign exchange movements, which more than offset 
the £4.1 billion of depreciation charges and a £0.3 billion reduction due to disposals.

Investments in associated undertakings
The Group’s investments in associated undertakings increased from £22.5 billion at 
31 March 2008 to £34.7 billion at 31 March 2009, mainly as a result of favourable 
foreign exchange movements of £8.7 billion. The Group’s share of the results of its 
associated undertakings, after deductions of interest, tax and minority interest, 
contributed  a  further  £4.1  billion  to  the  increase,  mainly  arising  from  the 
Group’s investment in Verizon Wireless, and was partially offset by £0.8 billion of 
dividends received.

Other non-current assets
Other non-current assets mainly relate to other investments held by the Group, 
which totalled £7.1 billion at 31 March 2009 compared to £7.4 billion at 31 March 
2008, primarily as a result of a decrease in the listed share price of China Mobile, 
which was largely offset by foreign exchange rate movements. The movement in 
other non-current assets primarily represents a £1.6 billion increase in the revaluation 
of financial instruments.

Current assets
Current assets increased to £13.0 billion at 31 March 2009 from £8.7 billion at 
31 March 2008, mainly as a result of the increased holdings due to funding requirements 
in relation to the completion of the Vodacom transaction and in anticipation of bond 
redemptions occurring in May 2009.

40    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Total equity shareholders’ funds
Total equity shareholders’ funds increased from £78.0 billion at 31 March 2008 to 
£86.2 billion at 31 March 2009. The increase comprises primarily the profit for the 
year of £3.1 billion and a £12.6 billion benefit from the impact of favourable exchange 
rate movements less equity dividends of £4.0 billion. 

Borrowings
Long term borrowings and short term borrowings increased to £41.4 billion at 
31 March 2009 from £27.2 billion at 31 March 2008, mainly as a result of foreign 
exchange movements and new bond issues.

Taxation liabilities
The deferred tax liability increased from £5.1 billion at 31 March 2008 to £6.6 billion 
at 31 March 2009, which arose mainly from the impact of foreign exchange movements.

Other current liabilities
The increase in other current liabilities from £12.3 billion at 31 March 2008 to 
£13.8 billion at 31 March 2009 was primarily to due foreign exchange differences 
arising on translation of liabilities in foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures. Group 
trade  payables  at  31  March  2009  were  equivalent  to  38  days  (2008:  37  days) 
outstanding, calculated by reference to the amount owed to suppliers as a proportion 
of the amounts invoiced by suppliers during the year.

Contractual obligations and contingencies
A summary of the Group’s principal contractual financial obligations is shown below. 
Further details on the items included can be found in the notes to the consolidated 
financial statements. Details of the Group’s contingent liabilities are included in note 
33 to the consolidated financial statements.

Contractual obligations(1) 
Borrowings(2) 
Operating lease  
commitments(3) 
Capital  
commitments(3)(4) 
Purchase  
commitments 
Total contractual  
cash obligations(1) 

Total 
49,130 

<1 year 
10,809 

Payments due by period £m
3-5 
years 
7,594 

>5 years
18,218

1-3 
years 
12,509 

5,616 

1,041 

1,451 

989 

2,135

2,107 

1,874 

2,518 

1,616 

153 

524 

69 

283 

11

95

59,371 

15,340 

14,637 

8,935 

20,459

Notes:
(1)   The above table of contractual obligations excludes commitments in respect of options over 
interests in Group businesses held by minority shareholders (see “Option agreements and 
similar arrangements”) and obligations to pay dividends to minority shareholders (see “Dividends 
from associated undertakings and to minority shareholders”). The table excludes current and 
deferred tax liabilities and obligations under post employment benefit schemes, details of which 
are provided in notes 6 and 26 to the consolidated financial statements, respectively.

(2) See note 25 to the consolidated financial statements.
(3)  See note 32 to the consolidated financial statements.
(4)  Primarily related to network infrastructure. 

Equity dividends
The table below sets out the amounts of interim, final and total cash dividends paid 
or, in the case of the final dividend for the 2009 financial year, proposed, in respect of 
each financial year. 

Year ended 31 March 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 

Interim 
1.91 
2.20 
2.35 
2.49 
2.57 

Pence per ordinary share
Total
4.07
6.07
6.76
7.51 
7.77

Final 
2.16 
3.87 
4.41 
5.02 
5.20(1) 

Note:
(1)   The final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009 was proposed on 19 May 2009 and is 
payable on 7 August 2009 to holders of record as of 5 June 2009. For American Depositary 
Share (‘ADS’) holders, the dividend will be payable in US dollars under the terms of the ADS 
depositary agreement.

The Company provides returns to shareholders through dividends. The Company has 

historically paid dividends semi-annually, with a regular interim dividend in respect 

of the first six months of the financial year payable in February and a final dividend 

payable in August. The directors expect that the Company will continue to pay 

dividends semi-annually. In November 2008, the directors announced an interim 

dividend of 2.57 pence per share, representing a 3.2% increase over last year’s 

interim dividend.

In considering the level of dividends, the Board takes account of the outlook for 

earnings growth, operating cash flow generation, capital expenditure requirements, 

acquisitions and divestments, together with the amount of debt and share purchases. 

In November 2008, the Board reviewed the previous dividend policy in the light of 

recent  foreign  exchange  rate  volatility,  the  impact  of  amortisation  of  acquired 

intangible assets and the current economic environment, following which it adopted 

a progressive policy, where dividend growth reflects the underlying trading and cash 

performance of the Group. 

Accordingly, the directors announced a proposed final dividend of 5.20 pence per 

share, representing a 3.6% increase over last year’s final dividend. 

Liquidity and capital resources

The major sources of Group liquidity for the 2009 and 2008 financial years were cash 

generated from operations, dividends from associated undertakings, and borrowings 

through short term and long term issuances in the capital markets. The Group does 

not use off-balance sheet special purpose entities as a source of liquidity or for other 

financing purposes.

The Group’s key sources of liquidity for the foreseeable future are likely to be cash 

generated  from  operations  and  borrowings  through  long  term  and  short  term 

issuances in the capital markets, as well as committed bank facilities.

The Group’s liquidity and working capital may be affected by a material decrease in 

cash flow due to factors such as reduced operating cash flow resulting from further 

possible business disposals, increased competition, litigation, timing of tax payments 

and  the  resolution  of  outstanding  tax  issues,  regulatory  rulings,  delays  in  the 

development  of  new  services  and  networks,  licence  and  spectrum  payments, 

inability to receive expected revenue from the introduction of new services, reduced 

dividends from associates and investments or increased dividend payments to 

minority  shareholders.  Please  see  the  section  titled  “Principal  risk  factors  and 

uncertainties”, on pages 38 and 39. In particular, the Group continues to expect 

significant cash tax payments and associated interest payments in relation to long 

standing tax issues.

The Group is also party to a number of agreements that may result in a cash outflow 

in future periods. These agreements are discussed further in “Option agreements and 

similar arrangements” at the end of this section.

Wherever  possible,  surplus  funds  in  the  Group  (except  in  Egypt  and  India)  are 

transferred to the centralised treasury department through repayment of borrowings, 

deposits,  investments,  share  purchases  and  dividends.  These  are  then  loaned 

internally or contributed as equity to fund Group operations, used to retire external 

debt, invested externally or used to pay external dividends.

Cash flows

Free  cash  flow  before  licence  and  spectrum  payments  increased  by  2.5%  to 

£5,722 million, despite a deferral of a US$250 million gross tax distribution from 

Verizon Wireless to April 2009, as the increased cash generated by operations more 

than offset higher capital expenditure, and taxation payments were lower than in the 

prior year. Free cash flow was lower resulting from a £647 million payment representing 

60% of the licence in Qatar, of which £530 million was funded by Vodafone Qatar’s 

other shareholders.

Cash generated by operations increased by £1,345 million to £14,634 million, with 

approximately 72% generated in the Europe region. Capital expenditure before 

licence  and  spectrum  payments  increased  by  £1,575  million,  primarily  due  to 

network expansion in India and Turkey and in Europe due to accelerated investment 

in broadband and higher speed capability on the Group’s networks to deliver an 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Performance

The Company provides returns to shareholders through dividends. The Company has 
historically paid dividends semi-annually, with a regular interim dividend in respect 
of the first six months of the financial year payable in February and a final dividend 
payable in August. The directors expect that the Company will continue to pay 
dividends semi-annually. In November 2008, the directors announced an interim 
dividend of 2.57 pence per share, representing a 3.2% increase over last year’s 
interim dividend.

improved customer experience. Increased capital expenditure in emerging markets 
is increasingly being funded through cash generated by operations.

Payments for taxation decreased by £394 million, primarily due to lower settlements, 
a  lower  weighted  average  statutory  tax  rate  and  structural  benefits  following 
enhancements to the Group’s internal capital structure.

In considering the level of dividends, the Board takes account of the outlook for 
earnings growth, operating cash flow generation, capital expenditure requirements, 
acquisitions and divestments, together with the amount of debt and share purchases. 

In November 2008, the Board reviewed the previous dividend policy in the light of 
recent  foreign  exchange  rate  volatility,  the  impact  of  amortisation  of  acquired 
intangible assets and the current economic environment, following which it adopted 
a progressive policy, where dividend growth reflects the underlying trading and cash 
performance of the Group. 

Accordingly, the directors announced a proposed final dividend of 5.20 pence per 
share, representing a 3.6% increase over last year’s final dividend. 

Liquidity and capital resources
The major sources of Group liquidity for the 2009 and 2008 financial years were cash 
generated from operations, dividends from associated undertakings, and borrowings 
through short term and long term issuances in the capital markets. The Group does 
not use off-balance sheet special purpose entities as a source of liquidity or for other 
financing purposes.

The Group’s key sources of liquidity for the foreseeable future are likely to be cash 
generated  from  operations  and  borrowings  through  long  term  and  short  term 
issuances in the capital markets, as well as committed bank facilities.

The Group’s liquidity and working capital may be affected by a material decrease in 
cash flow due to factors such as reduced operating cash flow resulting from further 
possible business disposals, increased competition, litigation, timing of tax payments 
and  the  resolution  of  outstanding  tax  issues,  regulatory  rulings,  delays  in  the 
development  of  new  services  and  networks,  licence  and  spectrum  payments, 
inability to receive expected revenue from the introduction of new services, reduced 
dividends from associates and investments or increased dividend payments to 
minority  shareholders.  Please  see  the  section  titled  “Principal  risk  factors  and 
uncertainties”, on pages 38 and 39. In particular, the Group continues to expect 
significant cash tax payments and associated interest payments in relation to long 
standing tax issues.

The Group is also party to a number of agreements that may result in a cash outflow 
in future periods. These agreements are discussed further in “Option agreements and 
similar arrangements” at the end of this section.

Wherever  possible,  surplus  funds  in  the  Group  (except  in  Egypt  and  India)  are 
transferred to the centralised treasury department through repayment of borrowings, 
deposits,  investments,  share  purchases  and  dividends.  These  are  then  loaned 
internally or contributed as equity to fund Group operations, used to retire external 
debt, invested externally or used to pay external dividends.

Cash flows
Free  cash  flow  before  licence  and  spectrum  payments  increased  by  2.5%  to 
£5,722 million, despite a deferral of a US$250 million gross tax distribution from 
Verizon Wireless to April 2009, as the increased cash generated by operations more 
than offset higher capital expenditure, and taxation payments were lower than in the 
prior year. Free cash flow was lower resulting from a £647 million payment representing 
60% of the licence in Qatar, of which £530 million was funded by Vodafone Qatar’s 
other shareholders.

Cash generated by operations increased by £1,345 million to £14,634 million, with 
approximately 72% generated in the Europe region. Capital expenditure before 
licence  and  spectrum  payments  increased  by  £1,575  million,  primarily  due  to 
network expansion in India and Turkey and in Europe due to accelerated investment 
in broadband and higher speed capability on the Group’s networks to deliver an 

Dividends received from associated undertakings and investments fell by 20.1% to 
£755 million, in line with expectations following acquisitions in Verizon Wireless and 
SFR. Together with Verizon Communications Inc., the Group agreed to delay a 
US$250 million gross tax distribution to April 2009. Both shareholders benefited by 
enabling Verizon Wireless to minimise arrangement and duration fees applicable to 
the bridge facility drawn to acquire Alltel. In addition, dividends from SFR were lower, 
in line with expectations, following the agreement after SFR’s acquisition of Neuf 
Cegetel that SFR would partially fund debt repayments by a reduction in dividends 
between 2009 and 2011 inclusive.

Net  interest  payments  increased  by  5.5%  to  £1,168  million,  primarily  due  to 
unfavourable  exchange  rate  movements  impacting  the  translation  of  interest 
payments into sterling. The interest payments resulting from the 28.2% increase in 
average net debt at month end accounting dates was minimised due to changes in 
the Group’s currency mix of net debt and significantly lower interest rates for debt 
denominated in US dollars.

Cash generated by operations 

2009 
£m 
14,634 

2008 
£m 
13,289 

%
10.1

Purchase of intangible fixed assets 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Operating free cash flow 

(1,764) 
(5,204) 
317 
7,983 

(846)
(3,852) 
39
8,630 

(7.5)

Taxation 
Dividends from associated  
undertakings and investments(1) 
Dividends paid to minority shareholders  
in subsidiary undertakings 
Interest received 
Interest paid 
Free cash flow 

Licence and spectrum payments(2) 
Free cash flow before  
licence and spectrum payments 

Acquisitions and disposals(3) 
Amounts received from minority  
shareholders(4) 
Put options over minority interests 
Equity dividends paid 
Purchase of treasury shares 
Foreign exchange and other 
Net debt increase 
Opening net debt 
Closing net debt 

(2,421) 

(2,815)

755 

945

(162) 
302 
(1,470) 
4,987 

(113)
438
(1,545)
5,540 

735 

40

(10.0)

5,722 

5,580 

2.5

(1,330) 

(6,541)

618 
(4) 
(4,013) 
(963) 
(8,371) 
(9,076) 
(25,147) 
(34,223) 

–
(2,521)
(3,658)
–
(2,918)
(10,098)
(15,049)
(25,147) 

36.1

Notes:
(1)   Year ended 31 March 2009 includes £303 million (2008: £450 million) from the Group’s interest 
in SFR and £333 million (2008: £414 million) from the Group’s interest in Verizon Wireless. 

(2) Year ended 31 March 2009 includes £647 million in relation to Vodafone Qatar. 
(3)   Year ended 31 March 2009 includes net cash and cash equivalents paid of £1,240 million 
(2008: £5,268 million) and assumed debt of £78 million (2008: £1,273 million), excluding 
liabilities related to put options over minority interests which are shown separately. It also 
includes a £12 million increase in net debt in relation to the change in consolidation status of 
Safaricom from a joint venture to an associate.

(4)   Year ended 31 March 2009 includes £591 million in relation to Vodafone Qatar.

Dividends from associated undertakings and to minority shareholders
Dividends  from  the  Group’s  associated  undertakings  are  generally  paid  at  the 
discretion of the Board of directors or shareholders of the individual operating and 
holding companies and Vodafone has no rights to receive dividends, except where 
specified within certain of the companies’ shareholders’ agreements, such as with 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    41

 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Financial position and resources continued

SFR, the Group’s associated undertaking in France. Similarly, the Group does not have 
existing obligations under shareholders’ agreements to pay dividends to minority 
interest partners of Group subsidiaries or joint ventures, except as specified below. 
Included in the dividends received from associated undertakings and investments is 
an amount of £333 million (2008: £414 million) received from Verizon Wireless. Until 
April 2005, Verizon Wireless’ distributions were determined by the terms of the 
partnership agreement distribution policy and comprised income distributions and 
tax  distributions.  Since  April  2005,  tax  distributions  have  continued.  Current 
projections forecast that tax distributions will not be sufficient to cover the US tax 
liabilities arising from the Group’s partnership interest in Verizon Wireless until 2015. 
However, the tax distributions are expected to be sufficient to cover the net tax 
liabilities of the Group’s US holding company. 

Following  the  announcement  of  Verizon  Wireless’  acquisition  of  Alltel,  certain 
additional  tax  distributions  were  agreed.  Under  the  terms  of  the  partnership 
agreement,  the  Verizon  Wireless  board  has  no  obligation  to  effect  additional 
distributions above the level of the tax distributions. However, the Verizon Wireless 
board has agreed that it will review distributions from Verizon Wireless on an annual 
basis. When considering whether distributions will be made each year, the Verizon 
Wireless board will take into account its debt position, the relationship between debt 
levels and maturities and overall market conditions in the context of the five year 
business plan. It is expected that Verizon Wireless’ free cash flow will be deployed in 
servicing  and  reducing  debt  for  the  foreseeable  future.  Together  with  Verizon 
Communications  Inc.,  the  Group  agreed  to  delay  a  US$250  million  gross  tax 
distribution to April 2009. Both shareholders benefited by enabling Verizon Wireless 
to minimise arrangement and duration fees applicable to the bridge facility drawn to 
acquire Alltel. 

During the year ended 31 March 2009, cash dividends totalling £303 million (2008: 
£450  million)  were  received  from  SFR  in  accordance  with  the  shareholders’ 
agreement. Following SFR’s purchase of Neuf Cegetel, it was agreed that SFR would 
partially fund debt repayments by a reduction in dividends between 2009 and 2011, 
inclusive. The amount of dividends received fell by 32.7% from the prior year, which 
is in line with this agreement.

Verizon Communications Inc. has an indirect 23.1% shareholding in Vodafone Italy 
and, under the shareholders’ agreement, the shareholders have agreed to take steps 
to  cause  Vodafone  Italy  to  pay  dividends  at  least  annually,  provided  that  such 
dividends will not impair the financial condition or prospects of Vodafone Italy 
including, without limitation, its credit standing. During the 2009 financial year, 
Vodafone Italy paid a dividend net of withholding tax of €424.1 million to Verizon 
Communications Inc., which was declared in the previous financial year. On 27 April 
2009, Vodafone Italy declared and paid a dividend of €1.3 billion, of which €0.3 billion 
was received by Verizon Communications Inc. net of withholding tax.

The  Vodafone  Essar  shareholders’  agreement  provides  for  the  payment  of 
dividends  to  minority  partners  under  certain  circumstances  but  not  before 
May 2011.

Acquisitions and disposals 
The Group invested a net £1,240 million(1) in acquisition and disposal activities, 
including the purchase and disposal of investments, in the year ended 31 March 2009. 
An analysis of the significant transactions in the 2009 financial year, including 
changes  to  the  Group’s  effective  shareholding,  is  shown  in  the  table  below. 
Further details of the acquisitions are provided in note 29 to the consolidated 
financial statements.

On 19 May 2008, the Group acquired 26.4% of Arcor previously held by minority 
interests  for  cash  consideration  of  €460  million  (£366  million).  Following  the 
transaction, Vodafone owns 100.0% of Arcor.

On  17  August  2008,  the  Group  completed  the  acquisition  of  70.0%  of  Ghana 
Telecommunications Company Limited (‘Ghana Telecommunications’), a leading 
telecommunications operator in Ghana, from the Government of Ghana for cash 
consideration of US$900 million (£486 million).

On 18 December 2008, the Group completed the acquisition of an additional 4.8% 
stake in Polkomtel S.A. for net cash consideration of €186 million (£171 million). The 
acquisition increased Vodafone’s stake in Polkomtel S.A. from 19.6% to 24.4%.

On 30 December 2008, Vodacom acquired the carrier services and business network 
solutions subsidiaries (‘Gateway’) of Gateway Telecommunications SA (Pty) Ltd. 
Gateway provides services in more than 40 countries in Africa.

Treasury shares
The Companies Act 1985 permits companies to purchase their own shares out of 
distributable reserves and to hold shares with a nominal value not to exceed 10% of 
the nominal value of their issued share capital in treasury. If shares in excess of this 
limit are purchased they must be cancelled. While held in treasury, no voting rights 
or pre-emption rights accrue and no dividends are paid in respect of treasury shares. 
Treasury shares may be sold for cash, transferred (in certain circumstances) for the 
purposes of an employee share scheme, or cancelled. If treasury shares are sold, such 
sales are deemed to be a new issue of shares and will accordingly count towards the 
5% of share capital which the Company is permitted to issue on a non pre-emptive 
basis in any one year as approved by its shareholders at the AGM. The proceeds of any 
sale of treasury shares up to the amount of the original purchase price, calculated on 
a weighted average price method, is attributed to distributable profits which would 
not occur in the case of the sale of non-treasury shares. Any excess above the original 
purchase price must be transferred to the share premium account.

The Board considered the market reaction to the Group’s interim management 
statement, issued on 22 July 2008, and introduced a £1 billion share repurchase 
programme. This programme was completed on 18 September 2008. Details of 
shares purchased are shown below:

Date of share purchase 
July 2008 
August 2008 
September 2008 
Total  

number of 
shares 
purchased 
‘000 
161,364 
265,170 
309,566 
736,100 

   Average price 
Total  paid per share 

   Total number 
of shares 

Maximum 
value of 
shares that 
purchased  may yet be 
purchased 
under the 

inclusive of   under share 
repurchase 
transaction 
programme(1)  programme(1) 
 costs 
Pence 
133.16 
138.78 
134.71 
135.84 

‘000 
161,364 
426,534 
736,100 
736,100 

£m
785
417
–
–

Note:
(1)  No shares were purchased outside of the publicly announced share purchase programmes. 

Shares  purchased  are  held  in  treasury  in  accordance  with  section  162  of  the 
Companies Act 1985. The movement in treasury shares during the financial year is 
shown below: 

Number 
Million 
5,133  
(43) 
736 
(500) 
(4) 
5,322 

£m
7,856 
(59)
1,000
(755) 
(6)
8,036

Arcor (26.4%)(2)  
Ghana Telecommunications (70.0%) 
Polkomtel (4.8%)  
Gateway Communications (50%)(3) 
Other net acquisitions and disposals, including investments  
Total 

£m
366
486
171
185
32
1,240

1 April 2008 
Reissue of shares 
Purchase of shares 
Cancelled shares 
Other receipts 
31 March 2009 

Notes:
(1)   Amounts are shown net of cash and cash equivalents acquired or disposed. 
(2)  This acquisition has been accounted for as a transaction between shareholders. Accordingly, the 
difference between the cash consideration paid and the carrying value of net assets attributable 
to minority interests has been accounted for as a charge to retained losses.

(3)   Acquisition undertaken by Vodacom, which at 31 March 2009 was 50% owned by the Group.

42    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Performance

Funding 
The Group has maintained a robust liquidity position despite challenging conditions 
within the credit markets, thereby enabling the Group to service shareholder returns, 
debt and expansion through capital investment. This position has been achieved 
through continued delivery of strong operating cash flows, effective management 
of working capital, issuances on short term and long term debt markets and non-
recourse borrowing assumed in respect of the emerging market business. It has not 
been necessary for the Group to draw down on its committed bank facilities during 
the year. 

Net debt
The Group’s consolidated net debt position at 31 March was as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents (as presented in the 
consolidated balance sheet) 

Short term borrowings:

Bonds 
Commercial paper(1) 
Bank loans 
Other short term borrowings(2) 

Long term borrowings:

Put options over minority interest 
Bonds, loans and other long term borrowings(3) 

Trade and other receivables(4) 
Trade and other payables(4) 
Net debt 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

4,878 

1,699

(5,025) 
(2,659) 
(893) 
(1,047) 
(9,624) 

(1,930)
(1,443)
(806)
(353)
(4,532)

(3,606) 
(28,143) 
(31,749) 

(2,625)
(20,037)
(22,662)

2,707 
(435) 
 (34,223) 

892
(544)
(25,147)

Notes:
(1)   At 31 March 2009, US$1,412 million was drawn under the US commercial paper programme and 
amounts  of  €1,340  million,  £357  million  and  US$108  million  were  drawn  under  the  euro 
commercial paper programme.

(2)  At 31 March 2009, amount includes £691 million in relation to collateral support agreements. 
(3)   At 31 March 2009, £5,159 million related to drawn facilities, including £1,821 million for a JPY 

term loan and £1,930 million for loans within the Indian corporate structure.

(4)   Represents mark-to-market adjustments on derivative financial instruments which are included 

as a component of trade and other receivables and trade and other payables.

At 31 March 2009, the Group had £4,878 million of cash and cash equivalents, with 
the increase since 31 March 2008 being due to funding requirements in relation to 
the completion of the Vodacom transaction and in anticipation of bond redemptions 
occurring in May 2009. Cash and cash equivalents are held in accordance with the 
Group treasury policy.

The Group holds its cash and liquid investments in accordance with the counterparty 
and settlement risk limits of the Board approved treasury policy. The main forms of 
liquid investments at 31 March 2009 were money market funds, commercial paper 
and bank deposits.

Net debt increased to £34,223 million, from £25,147 million at 31 March 2008, as the 
impact of business acquisitions and disposals, movements in the liability related to 
written put options and equity dividend payments were partially offset by free cash 
flow. The impact of foreign exchange rates increased net debt by £7,613 million, as 
approximately  57%  of  net  debt  is  denominated  in  euro  and  the  euro/sterling 
exchange  rate  increased  by  16.3%  during  the  2009  financial  year.  Net  debt 
represented approximately 53.1% of the Group’s market capitalisation at 31 March 
2009  compared  with  31%  at  31  March  2008.  Average  net  debt  at  month  end 
accounting dates over the 12 month period ended 31 March 2009 was £28,462 
million and ranged between £23,339 million and £34,281 million during the year.

The cash received from collateral support agreements mainly reflects the value of 
the Group’s interest rate swap portfolio, which is substantially net present value 
positive. See note 24 to the consolidated financial statements for further details on 
these agreements. 

Credit ratings
Consistent with the development of its strategy, the Group targets, on average, a 
low single A long term credit rating. As of 18 May 2009, the credit ratings were 
as follows:

Rating Agency 
Standard & Poor’s 

Moody’s 

Fitch Ratings 

Rating date  Type of debt 
30 May 2006  Short term 
30 May 2006  Long term 
30 May 2006  Short term 
16 May 2007  Long term 
30 May 2006  Short term 
30 May 2006  Long term 

Rating 
A-2 
A- 
P-2 
Baa1 
F2 
A- 

Outlook
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable

The Group’s credit ratings enable it to have access to a wide range of debt finance, 
including commercial paper, bonds and committed bank facilities. Credit ratings are 
not a recommendation to purchase, hold or sell securities, in as much as ratings do 
not comment on market price or suitability for a particular investor, and are subject 
to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organisation. Each rating 
should be evaluated independently.

Commercial paper programmes
The Group currently has US and euro commercial paper programmes of US$15 billion 
and £5 billion, respectively, which are available to be used to meet short term liquidity 
requirements. At 31 March 2009, amounts external to the Group of €1,340 million 
(£1,239 million), £357 million and US$108 million (£76 million) were drawn under the 
euro commercial paper programme and US$1,412 million (£987 million) was drawn 
down under the US commercial paper programme, with such funds being provided 
by counterparties external to the Group. At 31 March 2008, there were no drawings 
under the US commercial paper programme and €1,705 million (£1,357 million), 
£81 million and £5 million equivalent of other currencies were drawn under the euro 
commercial paper programme. The commercial paper facilities were supported by 
US$9.1 billion (£6.4 billion) of committed bank facilities (see “Committed facilities” 
on page 44), comprised of a US$4.1 billion revolving credit facility that matures on 28  
July 2011 and a US$5 billion revolving credit facility that matures on 22 June 2012. 
At 31 March 2009 and 31 March 2008, no amounts had been drawn under either 
bank facility.

Bonds
The Group has a €30 billion euro medium term note programme and a US shelf 
programme, which are used to meet medium to long term funding requirements. At 
31 March 2009, the total amounts in issue under these programmes split by currency 
were US$12.8 billion, £2 billion, €13.6 billion and £0.2 billion sterling equivalent of 
other currencies.

In the year to 31 March 2009, bonds with a nominal value equivalent of £4.9 billion, 
at the relevant 31 March 2009 exchange rates, were issued under the US shelf and 
the euro medium term note programme. The bonds issued during the year were:

Date of bond issue 
April 2008 
May 2008 
June 2008 
June 2008 
Oct/Nov 2008(1) 
November 2008 
December 2008 
December 2008 
December 2008 
January 2009 
January 2009 
February 2009 

Maturity of bond 
April 2015 
November 2012 
June 2013 
June 2010 
Sept to Nov 2009 
November 2018 
December 2028 
December 2013 
September 2014 
September 2014 
January 2016 
September 2014 

Note:
(1)   Multiple bonds issued at various dates.

Nominal 
amount 
Million 
   JPY3,000 
€250 
CZK534 
€1,250 
€250 
£450 
€186 
€1,000 
£100 
£100 
€1,250 
£325 

Sterling 
equivalent 
Million
21
231
18
1,157
232
450
172
925
100
100 
1,157 
325

At  31  March  2009,  the  Group  had  bonds  outstanding  with  a  nominal  value  of 
£23,754 million (2008: £17,143 million). On 1 April 2009, the Group issued €250 million 
of 3.625% bonds, maturing in November 2012.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    43

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Financial position and resources continued

Committed facilities
The following table summarises the committed bank facilities available to the Group 
at 31 March 2009. 

Committed bank facilities 
29 July 2008
US$4.1 billion revolving credit  
facility, maturing 28 July 2011 

24 June 2005 
US$5 billion revolving credit  
facility, maturing 22 June 2012 

Amounts drawn

No drawings have been made against this 
 facility. The facility supports the Group’s 
commercial paper programmes and may  
be used for general corporate purposes, 
including acquisitions. 

No drawings have been made against this 
 facility. The facility supports the Group’s 
commercial paper programmes and may  
be used for general corporate purposes, 
including acquisitions.

21 December 2005  
¥258.5 billion term credit  
facility, maturing 16 March 2011,   21 December 2005. The facility is  
entered into by Vodafone  
Finance K.K. and guaranteed  
by the Company 

available for general corporate purposes, 
although amounts drawn must be on-lent 
to the Company.

The facility was drawn down in full on 

16 November 2006
€0.4 billion loan facility, 
maturing 14 February 2014 

28 July 2008 
€0.4 billion loan facility, 
maturing 12 August 2015 

The facility was drawn down in full on 
 14 February 2007. The facility is available  
for financing capital expenditure in the  
Group’s Turkish operating company.

The facility was drawn down in full on 
 12 August 2008. The facility is available for 
financing the roll out of a converged fixed 
mobile broadband telecommunications 
network in Italy.

Under the terms and conditions of the US$9.1 billion committed bank facilities, 
lenders have the right, but not the obligation, to cancel their commitments and have 
outstanding advances repaid no sooner than 30 days after notification of a change 
of control of the Company. This is in addition to the rights of lenders to cancel their 
commitment if the Company has committed an event of default; however, it should 
be noted that a material adverse change clause does not apply.

The facility agreements provide for certain structural changes that do not affect the 
obligations of the Company to be specifically excluded from the definition of a 
change of control.

Substantially the same terms and conditions apply in the case of Vodafone Finance 
K.K.’s ¥258.5 billion term credit facility, although the change of control provision is 
applicable to any guarantor of borrowings under the term credit facility. Additionally, 
the facility agreement requires Vodafone Finance K.K. to maintain a positive tangible 
net worth at the end of each financial year. As of 31 March 2009, the Company was 
the sole guarantor.

The terms and conditions of the €0.4 billion loan facility maturing on 14 February 
2014 are similar to those of the US$9.1 billion committed bank facilities, with the 
addition that, should the Group’s Turkish operating company spend less than the 
equivalent of €0.8 billion on capital expenditure, the Group will be required to repay 
the drawn amount of the facility that exceeds 50% of the capital expenditure.

The terms and conditions of the €0.4 billion loan facility maturing 12 August 2015 are 
similar to those of the US$9.1 billion committed bank facilities, with the addition that, 
should the Group’s Italian operating company spend less than the equivalent of 
€1.5 billion on capital expenditure, the Group will be required to repay the drawn 
amount of the facility that exceeds 18% of the capital expenditure.

44    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Furthermore, two of the Group’s subsidiary undertakings are funded by external 
facilities  which  are  non-recourse  to  any  member  of  the  Group  other  than  the 
borrower, due to the level of country risk involved. These facilities may only be used
to fund their operations. At 31 March 2009, Vodafone India had facilities of INR 274.4 
billion (£3.8 billion), of which INR 172.7 billion (£2.4 billion) is drawn. Vodafone Egypt 
has a partly drawn EGP 2.6 billion (£327 million) syndicated bank facility of EGP 4.0 
billion (£497 million) that matures in March 2014.

In aggregate, the Group has committed facilities of approximately £13,631 million, of 
which £7,963 million was undrawn and £5,668 million was drawn at 31 March 2009.

The Group believes that it has sufficient funding for its expected working capital 
requirements for at least the next 12 months. Further details regarding the maturity, 
currency and interest rates of the Group’s gross borrowings at 31 March 2009 are 
included in note 25 to the consolidated financial statements.

Financial assets and liabilities
Analyses of financial assets and liabilities, including the maturity profile of debt, 
currency  and  interest  rate  structure,  are  included  in  notes  18  and  25  to  the 
consolidated financial statements. Details of the Group’s treasury management and 
policies are included within note 24 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Option agreements and similar arrangements
Potential cash outflows
In respect of the Group’s interest in the Verizon Wireless partnership, an option 
granted to Price Communications, Inc. by Verizon Communications Inc. was exercised 
on  15  August  2006.  Under  the  option  agreement,  Price  Communications,  Inc. 
exchanged its preferred limited partnership interest in Verizon Wireless of the East 
LP for 29.5 million shares of common stock in Verizon Communications Inc. Verizon 
Communications Inc. has the right, but not the obligation, to contribute the preferred 
interest to the Verizon Wireless partnership, diluting the Group’s interest. However, 
the Group also has the right to contribute further capital to the Verizon Wireless 
partnership in order to maintain its percentage partnership interest. Such amount, if 
contributed, would be US$0.9 billion.

As part of the Vodafone Essar acquisition, the Group acquired less than 50% equity 
interests in Telecom Investments India Private Limited (‘TII’) and in Omega Telecom 
Holdings Private Limited (‘Omega’), which in turn have a 19.54% and 5.11% indirect 
shareholding in Vodafone Essar. The Group was granted call options to acquire 100% 
of the shares in two companies which together indirectly own the remaining shares 
of TII for, if the market equity of Vodafone Essar at the time of exercise is less than 
US$25 billion, an aggregate price of US$431 million plus interest or, if the market 
equity value of Vodafone Essar at the time of exercise is greater than US$25 billion, 
the fair market value of the shares as agreed between the parties. The Group also has 
an option to acquire 100% of the shares in a third company which owns the remaining 
shares in Omega. In conjunction with the receipt of these options, the Group also 
granted a put option to each of the shareholders of these companies with identical 
pricing which, if exercised, would require Vodafone to purchase 100% of the equity 
in the respective company. These options can only be exercised in accordance with 
Indian law prevailing at the time of exercise.

The Group granted put options exercisable between 8 May 2010 and 8 May 2011 to 
members of the Essar group of companies that, if exercised, would allow the Essar 
group to sell its 33% shareholding in Vodafone Essar to the Group for US$5 billion or 
to sell between US$1 billion and US$5 billion worth of Vodafone Essar shares to the 
Group at an independently appraised fair market value.

Off-balance sheet arrangements
The Group does not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined 
in  item  5.E.2.  of  the  SEC’s  Form  20-F.  Please  refer  to  notes  32  and  33  to  the 
consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the Group’s commitments and 
contingent liabilities.

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
A discussion of the Group’s financial risk management objectives and policies and 
the exposure of the Group to liquidity, market and credit risk is included within note 
24 to the consolidated financial statements.

During the year, Vodafone’s 2008 CR report won three Corporate Register Reporting 

Awards for the best report, relevance and materiality and credibility through 

assurance. Vodafone is included in the FTSE4Good and Dow Jones Sustainability 

Index and rated first in the Global AccountAbility Rating, published by Fortune.

Strategy

A broad range of stakeholders is increasingly interested in how Vodafone manages 

CR issues. For example, the Group’s licences to operate are granted by governments 

that frequently seek evidence of responsible business practices and in many markets 

consumers are becoming more concerned about CR issues, such as climate change, 

content standards and mobile phones, masts and health.

CR is relevant across all aspects of Vodafone’s activities and therefore the Group 

seeks to integrate its CR approach into all key business processes. The CR strategy, 

which addresses CR issues material to the Group, has the following main strands: 

•	

to capture the potential of mobile communications to bring socio-economic value 

in both emerging economies and developed markets, through broadening access 

to communications to all sections of society;

•	

to deliver against stakeholder expectations on the key areas of climate change, 

a  safe  and  responsible  internet  experience  and  sustainable  products  and 

services; and

•	

to ensure Vodafone’s business practices are implemented responsibly across the 

Group, underpinned by Vodafone’s values and business principles.

CR governance

The Group’s main focus is on implementing its CR programme across local operating 

companies.  For  the  purposes  of  this  section  of  the  annual  report,  “operating 

companies” refers to the Group’s operating subsidiaries and the Group’s joint venture  

in Italy. For the first time, it includes information on India but, given the scale of 

operations and the challenges of bringing India in line with the Group’s CR practices, 

which may take some time, the CR information and data disclosed for India is preliminary. 

The newly acquired businesses in Ghana and Qatar are excluded and it is intended 

to include them in reporting for the 2010 financial year. The Group recognises that 

it  has  influence  with  joint  ventures,  associates,  investments,  partner  networks 

and outsourcing partners. In the 2009 financial year, the Group reviewed its role 

in promoting CR with these partners and the result of this analysis is available at  

www.vodafone.com/responsibility.

Vodafone’s approach to CR is underpinned by its business principles which cover, 

amongst other things, the environment, employees, individual conduct, community 

and  society.  The  business  principles  are  available  at  www.vodafone.com/

Corporate responsibility

Performance

“Being  a  responsible  business”  is  one  of  Vodafone’s  enduring  goals,  recognising  that  responsible  behaviour 
underpins  the  value  of  the  brand.  The  Group’s  approach  to  Corporate  Responsibility  (‘CR’)  is  to  engage  with 
stakeholders to understand their expectations on the issues most important to them and respond with appropriate 
targets, programmes and reports on progress.

More detail on CR performance for the year ended 31 March 2009 will be available in the Vodafone 2009 CR report 
and at www.vodafone.com/responsibility.

During the year, Vodafone’s 2008 CR report won three Corporate Register Reporting 
Awards for the best report, relevance and materiality and credibility through 
assurance. Vodafone is included in the FTSE4Good and Dow Jones Sustainability 
Index and rated first in the Global AccountAbility Rating, published by Fortune.

Strategy
A broad range of stakeholders is increasingly interested in how Vodafone manages 
CR issues. For example, the Group’s licences to operate are granted by governments 
that frequently seek evidence of responsible business practices and in many markets 
consumers are becoming more concerned about CR issues, such as climate change, 
content standards and mobile phones, masts and health.

CR is relevant across all aspects of Vodafone’s activities and therefore the Group 
seeks to integrate its CR approach into all key business processes. The CR strategy, 
which addresses CR issues material to the Group, has the following main strands: 

•	

•	

•	

to capture the potential of mobile communications to bring socio-economic value 
in both emerging economies and developed markets, through broadening access 
to communications to all sections of society;

to deliver against stakeholder expectations on the key areas of climate change, 
a  safe  and  responsible  internet  experience  and  sustainable  products  and 
services; and
to ensure Vodafone’s business practices are implemented responsibly across the 
Group, underpinned by Vodafone’s values and business principles.

Key CR strategic objectives

Core initiative: 
Access to communications

Safe and responsible 
internet experience

Climate change

Sustainable
products and 
services

Supported by responsible business practices

Underpinned by values, principles and behaviours

responsibility/businessprinciples and are communicated to employees in a number 
of ways, including induction processes, websites and face to face meetings.

The Executive Committee receives regular information on CR and, for the last six 
years, the Board has had an annual presentation on CR. A CR management structure 
is established in each local operating company, with each one having a representative 
on its management board with responsibility for CR. CR performance is closely 
monitored and reported at most local operating company boards on a regular basis. 
CR is also integrated into Vodafone’s risk management processes such as the formal 
annual  confirmation  provided  by  each  local  operating  company  detailing  the 
operation of their controls system. 

These processes are supported by stakeholder engagement, which helps to ensure 
Vodafone is aware of the issues relevant to the business and to provide a clear 
understanding of expectations of performance. Stakeholder consultations take place 
with customers, investors, employees, suppliers, the communities where the Group 
operates  and  where  networks  are  based,  governments,  regulators  and  non-
governmental  organisations.  Established  in  2007,  the  Vodafone  Corporate 
Responsibility Expert Advisory Panel comprises opinion leaders who are experts on 
CR issues important to Vodafone. The Panel met twice during the 2009 financial year 
and discussed the results of research on the socio-economic impact of mobile 
communications in India, climate change, the limits of Vodafone’s responsibility and 
embedding business principles into company culture. In addition, the Group has 
continued to hold formal stakeholder engagement events, this year focused on 
climate change and mobile advertising. The Group has also published a CR dialogue 
on waste.

Vodafone’s CR programme and selected performance information, as reported in the 
Group’s 2009 CR report, will be independently assured by KPMG using the International 
Standard on Assurance Engagements (‘ISAE 3000’). The assurance process assesses 
Vodafone’s adherence to the AccountAbility1000 Principles Standard (‘AA1000APS’) 
addressing  inclusiveness,  materiality  and  responsiveness,  and  the  reliability  of 
selected  performance  information.  KPMG’s  assurance  statement  outlining  the 
specific assurance scope, which excludes India, procedures and assurance opinion 
will be published in the Group’s 2009 CR report.

For the 2009 financial year, the Group’s CR reporting comprises online information 
on CR programmes and a performance report. Thirteen operating companies have 
at some time produced their own CR reports.

CR governance
The Group’s main focus is on implementing its CR programme across local operating 
companies.  For  the  purposes  of  this  section  of  the  annual  report,  “operating 
companies” refers to the Group’s operating subsidiaries and the Group’s joint venture  
in Italy. For the first time, it includes information on India but, given the scale of 
operations and the challenges of bringing India in line with the Group’s CR practices, 
which may take some time, the CR information and data disclosed for India is preliminary. 
The newly acquired businesses in Ghana and Qatar are excluded and it is intended 
to include them in reporting for the 2010 financial year. The Group recognises that 
it  has  influence  with  joint  ventures,  associates,  investments,  partner  networks 
and outsourcing partners. In the 2009 financial year, the Group reviewed its role 
in promoting CR with these partners and the result of this analysis is available at  
www.vodafone.com/responsibility.

Vodafone’s approach to CR is underpinned by its business principles which cover, 
amongst other things, the environment, employees, individual conduct, community 
and  society.  The  business  principles  are  available  at  www.vodafone.com/

Performance in the 2009 financial year
Access to communications 
Access to communications offers a significant opportunity for Vodafone to make a 
strong contribution to society, with a considerable body of research showing that 
mobile communications has the potential to change people’s lives for the better, by 
promoting economic and social development. 

Emerging markets
In January 2009, Vodafone published research on the socio-economic impact of 
mobile phones in India. The report found that the GDP of Indian states with higher 
mobile penetration can be expected to grow faster than states with lower mobile 
penetration at a rate of approximately 1.2% per 10% of penetration. Vodafone’s Social 
Investment Fund was set up in 2007 to promote the development of products with 
high social value that may not otherwise be seen as commercially attractive. Since 
the fund was established, eight initiatives have been supported across the Vodafone 
footprint in areas such as mobile health, mobile transactions, and entrepreneur and 
small and medium enterprise development.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    45

Corporate responsibility continued

Vodafone also continued to focus on mobile payment services and own branded 
handsets for emerging markets:

•	

•	

In the 2009 financial year, 10.7 million Vodafone branded handsets were sold in 
29 markets. Approximately 70% of these handsets cost less than US$50.
The Vodafone Money Transfer service is now live in three markets, Kenya, Tanzania 
and Afghanistan, with over six million subscribers using it to do simple financial 
transactions. This includes person-to-person money transfer, salary disbursement 
and bill payment. Vodafone has created a dedicated business unit to progress the 
extension of these services to additional markets and new partners.

Accessibility 
In the 2009 financial year, Vodafone conducted a review of the market for accessible 
products  across  the  European  Union  (‘EU’)  and  surveyed  its  local  operating 
companies’ initiatives. The review resulted in a revised strategy to provide more 
effective targeted support for customers in three key segments identified as areas 
where Vodafone can have an important impact: blind or visually impaired, deaf or 
hard of hearing and the elderly or those with special healthcare needs.

Vodafone Spain has launched Vodafone Speak, which is subsequently going to be 
trialled in other countries. This text-to-speech software, enabling blind and visually 
impaired customers to use text messages, is an updated version of Mobile Speak, 
which is currently available in nine of Vodafone’s operating companies. Vodafone 
Speak is easier to use than its predecessor and can be downloaded and installed free 
via SMS text message. Other products also being trialled by Vodafone Spain include 
T-loop headsets, mobile video for deaf signing and mobile GPS navigation systems 
for people who are blind or visually impaired. 

Safe and responsible internet experience
Vodafone’s reputation depends on earning and maintaining the trust of its customers. 
The way the Group deals with certain key consumer issues directly impacts trust in 
Vodafone. These include responsible delivery of age sensitive content and services, 
mobile advertising and protecting customers’ privacy. 

Responsible delivery of content and services
Over the past year, Vodafone has been increasingly involved in industry work in this 
area. Having implemented age-restricted content controls in all markets where such 
content is provided, the Group’s focus moved towards ensuring a safe and responsible 
internet experience when using new media applications. These areas have particular 
relevance to the mobile communications sector and have formed a key part of 
Vodafone’s activities during the 2009 financial year:

•	

•	

•	

Vodafone has incorporated the Safer Social Networking Principles for the EU, 
published  in  February  2009,  into  its  own  best  practice  guidelines  for  social 
networking and other user interactive services.
Together with other industry partners, the Group was instrumental in developing 
the teach today website (www.teachtoday.eu), providing advice for teachers and 
students to help create a safer online environment for children and young people. 
Vodafone has also developed a dedicated website for parents, covering all aspects 
of today’s technology, including mobile phones, to help them prevent its misuse.
All of Vodafone’s operating companies within the EU have signed up to national codes 
of conduct and are implementing the EU safer mobile framework at national level.

Consumer privacy and freedom of expression
Vodafone knows that its users increasingly wish to exercise control over how their 
personal information is made available and recognises the need to ensure that 
internet commerce over mobile and new business models such as advertising, gains 
the trust of both consumers and regulators. This is why the Group seeks to ensure 
that its products and services are designed from the outset to address privacy risks 
and concerns, particularly those associated with social networking and media, as well 
as location-enabled applications and services.

The  Group  now  provides  mobile  advertising  services  in  18  markets  and  it  has 
continued to adopt a cautious approach to ensure these benefits are balanced with 
respect for the customers’ privacy. Vodafone has sponsored, and actively participated 
in, a multi-stakeholder initiative exploring solutions to achieve robust and trusted 
methods of establishing consumer consent for online services. The Group also took 
an active role in the GSM Association’s mobile media metrics programme to create a 
measurement process for mobile browsing that is designed to protect the privacy of 
mobile users whilst providing rich statistical planning information for the media and 
advertising communities.

46    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

The Group continued to engage on the issues of privacy and freedom of expression in 
the human rights context throughout the financial year. This included participation in 
the initiative that was launched in December 2008 as the Global Network Initiative 
(‘GNI’). Vodafone has not signed the GNI principles but is currently engaging other 
companies  with  substantial  telecommunications  businesses,  building  on  the 
progress made to date, to develop a more appropriate, sector specific response to 
these issues.

Climate change
Vodafone recognises climate change as one of the most significant challenges facing 
society. The Group’s climate change strategy has two key elements, focusing on 
limiting its own emissions and developing products and services to reduce the 
emissions of its customers.

Last year, the Group announced that by 2020 it will reduce its carbon dioxide (‘CO2’) 
emissions by 50% against the 2007 financial year baseline of 1.18 million tonnes. This 
baseline includes all operating companies within the Group throughout the 2007 
financial year. The primary strategy to achieve the 50% reduction is through direct 
reduction in CO2 emissions. This is to be achieved through the evolution of network 
technology, investment in energy efficiency and by making greater use of renewably 
generated electricity. Energy use associated with the operation of the network 
accounts for around 80% of the Group’s CO2 emissions. In the 2009 financial year, the 
total energy use of the Group’s baseline operations increased by 2.3% to 2,863 GWh. 
This increase is due to growth in the Group’s network energy consumption. As network 
technology evolves and is consolidated, the energy efficiency of the Group’s network 
is projected to improve.  The total CO2 emissions of these operating companies 
decreased by 7.4%, to 1.19 million tonnes of CO2. The carbon intensity of the Group’s 
energy consumption has decreased due to the increased use of green tariff energy 
generated from renewable sources and the decrease in carbon intensity of grid 
electricity across many of the Group’s operating markets. For more detailed analysis 
of the Group’s carbon reporting please refer to www.vodafone.com/responsibility.

The  Group  is  trialling  the  use  of  onsite  micro-renewable  generation  with  the 
objective of reducing diesel consumption in remote sites where there may be no 
access to the electricity grid. These are the sites with the greatest financial return on 
renewable investment.

Vodafone has developed climate change strategies for those operating companies 
which have joined the Group since the 50 % target was set. Vodafone Turkey has put 
in place a local climate change strategy, which includes investment in more efficient 
air-conditioning and direct energy metering of network sites. The scale of the Group’s 
operations in India represents the largest contribution towards the Group’s overall 
CO2 emissions. A climate change strategy has been developed initially focusing on 
improving the quality of data to support setting a target for India, which balances the 
need to constrain emissions with the demand for access to communications which 
empowers economic development. The instability and limited coverage of the national 
electricity grid requires diesel generation on the majority of sites and Vodafone is 
undertaking micro-renewable trials at a number of locations.

In the 2009 financial year, the total CO2 emissions of all Vodafone operating companies, 
including the Group’s operations in Turkey but excluding India, were 1.31 million tonnes. 
The estimated CO2 emissions of Vodafone’s operations in India were 1.90 million tonnes. 
This includes emissions from the network sites managed by Vodafone and the network 
sites managed by Vodafone’s joint venture, Indus Towers.

Sustainable products and services
The  information  and  communications  technology  (‘ICT’)  industry’s  role  in  the 
transformation to a low carbon economy was considered in the “Smart 2020” report 
commissioned  by  the  industry  group  the  Global  eSustainability  Initiative  (see   
www.smart2020.org). The report calculated the potential emissions saving from ICT 
applications at 7.8 billion tonnes of CO2 in 2020, representing 15% of total global 
emissions. Applications for mobile communications include the enabling of more 
efficient logistics processes, the implementation of smart grids and remote energy 
monitoring and substitution of travel through teleconferencing and remote working. 
Vodafone is focusing on developing products and services that will enable customers 
to  reduce  their  emissions.  For  example,  Vodafone  has  signed  up  to  the  GSM 
Association’s  initiative  to  standardise  mobile  phone  chargers  and  reduce  their 
energy consumption.

Performance

Vodafone continues to address the reuse and recycling of handsets, accessories and 
network equipment. The Group has worked with suppliers to ensure substances 
prohibited by the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive are phased out. The 
Group complies with the EU’s Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment Directive 
through its handset recycling programmes in all operating companies where it applies. 
During the 2009 financial year, 1.82 million phones were collected for reuse and 
recycling through collection programmes in 16 local operating companies, exceeding 
the target of 1.5 million. 4,860 tonnes of network equipment waste was generated in 
all operating companies, excluding India, with 97% of this sent for reuse or recycling, 
exceeding the Group’s target of 95%.

Responsible business practices
Mobile phones, masts and health 
Vodafone recognises that there is public concern about the safety of radio frequency 
(‘RF’) fields from mobile phones and base stations. The Group contributes to the funding 
of independent scientific research to resolve scientific uncertainty in areas prioritised by 
the World Health Organisation (‘WHO’). In 2006, the WHO identified the following 
three main areas for additional research: long term (more than 10 years) exposure to 
low-level RF fields, possible health effects of mobile device use in children and 
dosimetry (the way levels of RF absorbed are calculated). There is comprehensive 
access to relevant peer review and published scientific research reviews available at 
www.vodafone.com/responsibility/mpmh.

Vodafone requires manufacturers of the mobile devices it sells to test for specific 
absorption rate compliance with standards set by the International Commission on 
Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Testing is carried out for use both against the ear 
and  against,  or  near,  the  body.  Vodafone  has  been  actively  engaged  with  the 
International Electrotechnical Commission Standards Organisation in developing a 
new global protocol for testing phones for use against, or near, the body. This new 
standard, which better reflects customers’ use of mobile devices, was approved by a 
national committee vote in March 2009.

Vodafone continues to engage closely with local communities as part of the planning 
process for new masts. Fifteen operating companies undertake independent RF field 
monitoring as part of an ongoing programme of community engagement. The 
Group’s long term programme of engagement, with a range of stakeholders, aims to 
reduce levels of concern amongst the public and to demonstrate that Vodafone is 
acting responsibly. In surveys of external stakeholder opinion conducted annually 
over the last three years, an average of 78% of respondents regarded Vodafone as 
acting responsibly regarding mobile phones, masts and health.

Responsible network deployment
Vodafone’s mobile communication services rely on a network of radio base stations 
that transmit and receive calls. Vodafone recognises that network deployment can 
cause concern to communities, usually about the visual impact of base stations or 
health issues concerning RF fields. During the year, the Group continued to track 
compliance with its policy on responsible network deployment and with national 
industry codes of best practice on network deployment. The Group has started to 
audit  first  tier  contractors  to  gain  assurance  of  their  adherence  to  Vodafone’s 
responsible network deployment policy. A significant number of local operating 
companies have already conducted site audits of their contractors and the overall aim 
is to extend this programme across Vodafone’s footprint, including beyond first tier 

contractors. However, the changing nature of Vodafone’s contractors’ footprint poses 
a challenge to achieving this rapidly.

The  Group  also  further  developed  its  internal  procedures  leading  to  network 
optimisation. By cooperating with other mobile communications operators to share 
sites, the Group is reducing the total number of base stations required. This lowers 
costs, enables faster network deployment and reduces the environmental footprint 
of the network without loss of quality or coverage. The Group is now conducting 
network sharing in all but one of its controlled markets.

Vodafone aims to comply with local planning regulations but is sometimes found to 
be in breach. This is normally related to conflicting local, regional or national planning 
regulations. During the 2009 financial year, excluding India, Vodafone was found in 
breach of planning regulations relating to 492 of its 105,164 mast sitings. Fines levied 
by regulatory bodies or courts in relation to offences under environmental law or 
regulations were approximately £135,000. 

Supply chain
During the 2009 financial year, Vodafone continued to implement its code of ethical 
purchasing, which sets out environmental and labour standards for suppliers. During 
the 2009 financial year:

•	

•	
•	

65 strategic global suppliers have been assessed using the Group’s supplier 
evaluation scorecard in which CR accounts for 10% of the total. The scorecard 
evaluates the supplier’s CR management systems, public reporting and approach 
to managing their suppliers. Over the last three years, a total of 535 suppliers have 
been evaluated using the scorecard.
18 site evaluations of high risk suppliers have been completed.
82% of local strategic and preferred suppliers, excluding India, responded to a 
request for more information on the policies and programmes they have in place 
to meet the requirements of Vodafone’s code of ethical purchasing.

The Group participated in the Carbon Disclosure Project supply chain initiative to 
help increase its understanding of the risks and opportunities that climate change 
presents to the supply chain and has added climate change requirements into the 
Group’s supplier evaluation scorecard.

Social investment 
The Vodafone Foundation and its network of 22 local operating company and associate 
foundations have continued to implement a global social investment programme. 
During the 2009 financial year, the Company made a charitable grant of £24.0 million to 
The  Vodafone  Foundation.  The  majority  of  The  Vodafone  Foundation  funds  are 
distributed in grants through operating company foundations to a variety of local 
charitable organisations meeting the needs of the communities in which they operate.

The Vodafone Foundation made additional grants to charitable partners engaged in 
a variety of global projects. Its areas of focus are: sport and music as a means of 
benefiting some of the most disadvantaged young people and their communities, 
and disaster relief and preparedness. In addition, operating companies donated a 
further £18.0 million to their foundations and a further £2.9 million directly to a variety 
of causes. Total donations for the year ended 31 March 2009 were £48.2 million and 
included donations of £3.3 million towards foundation operating costs.

Key performance indicators(1) 
KPI   
Vodafone Group excluding operations in India
Energy use (GWh) (direct and indirect) 
Carbon dioxide emissions (millions of tonnes) 
Percentage of energy sourced from renewables    

Estimate for operations in India(4)

Energy use (GWh) (direct and indirect)(5) 
Carbon dioxide emissions (millions of tonnes)(5)    

Number of phones collected for reuse and recycling (millions) 
Network equipment waste generated excluding operations in India (tonnes)   
Percentage of network equipment waste sent for reuse or recycling excluding operations in India 

2009 

2008(2) 

2007(3)

3,124 
1.31 
19 

2,049 
1.90 
 1.82 
4,860  
97 

2,996 

2,690

1.37(4) 
18 

1.18(4)
17

– 
– 
1.33 
4,287(4) 
96 

–
–
1.03
9,960
97

Notes:
(1)   These performance indicators were calculated using actual or estimated data collected by the Group’s mobile operating companies. The data is sourced from invoices, purchasing requisitions, direct 
data measurement and estimations, where required. The carbon dioxide emissions figures are calculated using the kWh/CO2 conversion factor for the electricity provided by the national grid, suppliers 
or the International Energy Agency and for other energy sources in each operating company. The Group’s joint venture in Italy is included in all years.

(2) The data for the 2008 financial year excludes operations in India and Tele2 in Italy and Spain. 
(3)   The data for the 2007 financial year excludes the newly acquired operations in Turkey and the operations in Japan that were sold during the 2007 financial year. 
(4)   Amounts related to the 2007 and 2008 financial years have been amended. Refer to the online CR report for further information. 
(5)  The data includes the network sites managed by Vodafone and the network sites managed by Vodafone’s joint venture, Indus Towers.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    47

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Board of directors and Group management

1

4

2

5

3

6

Directors and senior management
The business of the Company is managed by its Board of directors (‘the Board’). 
Biographical details of the directors and senior management at 19 May 2009 are 
as follows:

Board of directors
Chairman
1. Sir John Bond†, aged 67, became Chairman of Vodafone Group Plc in July 2006, 
having previously served as a non-executive director of the Board, and is Chairman 
of the Nominations and Governance Committee. Sir John is a non-executive director 
of A.P. Møller – Mærsk A/S and Shui On Land Limited (Hong Kong SAR). He retired 
from the position of Group Chairman of HSBC Holdings plc in May 2006, after 45 
years of service. Other previous roles include Chairman of HSBC Bank plc and director 
of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation and HSBC North America 
Holdings  Inc.  Previous  non-executive  directorships  include  the  London  Stock 
Exchange plc, Orange plc, British Steel plc, the Court of the Bank of England and Ford 
Motor Company, USA.

Executive directors
2. Vittorio Colao,  Chief  Executive,  aged  47,  was  appointed  Chief  Executive  of 
Vodafone Group Plc after the AGM on 29 July 2008. He joined the Board in October 
2006 as Chief Executive, Europe and Deputy Chief Executive. Vittorio spent the early 
part of his career as a partner in the Milan office of McKinsey & Co working on media, 
telecommunications and industrial goods and was responsible for recruitment. In 
1996, he joined Omnitel Pronto Italia, which subsequently became Vodafone Italy, 
and he was appointed Chief Executive in 1999. He was then appointed Regional Chief 
Executive Officer, Southern Europe for Vodafone Group Plc in 2001, became a 
member of the Board in 2002 and was appointed to the role of Regional Chief 
Executive Officer for Southern Europe, Middle East and Africa for Vodafone in 2003. 
In 2004, he left Vodafone to join RCS MediaGroup, the leading Italian publishing 
company, where he was Chief Executive until he rejoined Vodafone.

3. Andy Halford, Chief Financial Officer, aged 50, joined the Board in July 2005. 
Andy joined Vodafone in 1999 as Financial Director for Vodafone Limited, the UK 
operating  company,  and  in  2001  he  became  Financial  Director  for  Vodafone’s 
Northern Europe, Middle East and Africa region. In 2002, he was appointed Chief 
Financial Officer of Verizon Wireless in the US and is currently a member of the Board 
of Representatives of the Verizon Wireless partnership. He is also a director of 
Vodafone Essar Limited. Prior to joining Vodafone, he was Group Finance Director at

East Midlands Electricity Plc. Andy holds a bachelors degree in Industrial Economics 
from Nottingham University and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants 
in England and Wales.

Deputy Chairman and senior independent director
4. John Buchanan§†, aged 65, became Deputy Chairman and senior independent 
director in July 2006 and has been a member of the Board since April 2003. He retired 
from the board of directors of BP p.l.c. in 2002 after six years as Group Chief Financial 
Officer and executive director, following a wide-ranging career with the company. He 
was a member of the United Kingdom Accounting Standards Board from 1997 to 
2001. He is Chairman of Smith & Nephew plc, a non-executive director of AstraZeneca 
PLC and senior independent director of BHP Billiton Plc.

Non-executive directors
5. Alan Jebson§, aged 59, joined the Board in December 2006. He retired in May 2006 
from his role as Group Chief Operating Officer of HSBC Holdings plc, a position which 
included responsibility for IT and Global Resourcing. During a long career with HSBC, 
Alan held various positions in IT, including the position of Group Chief Information 
Officer.  His  roles  included  responsibility  for  the  Group’s  international  systems, 
including the consolidation of HSBC and Midland systems following the acquisition 
of Midland Bank in 1993. He originally joined HSBC as Head of IT Audit in 1978 where, 
building upon his qualification as a chartered accountant, he built an international 
audit team and implemented controls in the Group’s application systems. He is also 
a  non-executive  director  of  Experian  Group  plc  and  MacDonald  Dettwiler  and 
Associates Ltd. in Canada.

6. Nick Land§, aged 61, joined the Board in December 2006. Solely for the purposes 
of relevant legislation, he is the Board’s appointed financial expert on the Audit 
Committee. In June 2006, he retired as Chairman of Ernst & Young LLP after a 
distinguished career spanning 36 years with the firm. He became an audit partner in 
1978 and held a number of management appointments before becoming Managing 
Partner in 1992. He was appointed Chairman and joined the Global Executive Board 
of Ernst & Young Global LLP in 1995. He is a non-executive director of Royal Dutch 
Shell plc, Alliance Boots GmbH, BBA Aviation plc and the Ashmore Group plc. He also 
sits on the Advisory Board of Three Delta, is Chairman of the Practices Advisory Board 
of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and of the Board of 
Trustees of Farnham Castle, and is a member of the Finance and Audit Committees 
of the National Gallery. Nick is also a trustee of The Vodafone Foundation.

48    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

7

10

8

11

7. Anne Lauvergeon§, aged 49, joined the Board in November 2005. She is Chief 
Executive Officer of AREVA Group, the leading French energy company, having been 
appointed to that role in July 2001. She started her professional career in 1983 in the 
steel industry and in 1990 she was named Adviser for Economic International Affairs 
at the French Presidency and Deputy Chief of its Staff in 1991. In 1995, she became 
a Partner of Lazard Frères & Cie, subsequently joining Alcatel Telecom as Senior 
Executive  Vice  President  in  March  1997.  She  was  responsible  for  international 
activities and the Group’s industrial shareholdings in the energy and nuclear fields. 
In 1999, she was appointed Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of AREVA NC. Anne 
is currently also a member of the Advisory Board of the Global Business Coalition on 
HIV/AIDS and a non-executive director of Total S.A. and GDF SUEZ.

8. Simon Murray CBE‡, aged 69, joined the Board in July 2007. His career has been 
largely based in Asia, where he has held positions with Jardine Matheson Limited, 
Deutsche Bank and Hutchison Whampoa Limited where, as Group Managing Director, 
he oversaw the development and launch of mobile telecommunications networks 
in many parts of the world. He remains on the Boards of Cheung Kong Holdings 
Limited, Compagnie Financière Richemont SA and Orient Overseas (International) 
Limited  and  is  an  Advisory  Board  Member  of  the  China  National  Offshore  Oil 
Corporation. He also sits on the Advisory Board of Imperial College in London and is 
an advisor to Macquarie (HK) Limited.

9. Luc Vandevelde†‡, aged 58, joined the Board in September 2003 and is Chairman 
of the Remuneration Committee. He is a director of Société Générale and the Founder 
and Managing Director of Change Capital Partners LLP, a private equity fund. Luc was 
formerly Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Carrefour SA, Chairman of Marks & 
Spencer Group plc and Chief Executive Officer of Promodès, and he has held senior 
European and international roles with Kraft General Foods.

§ Audit Committee
† Nominations and Governance Committee
‡ Remuneration Committee

Governance

9

10. Anthony Watson CBE‡, aged 64, was appointed to the Board in May 2006. He 
is  currently  Chairman  of  Marks  &  Spencer  Pension  Trust  Ltd  and  the  Asian 
Infrastructure Fund. He is also a non-executive director of Hammerson plc, Witan 
Investment Trust and Lloyds Banking Group plc and is on the Advisory Board of 
Norges Bank Investment Management. He became a member of the Advisory Group 
to the Shareholder Executive in April 2008. Prior to joining the Vodafone Board, he 
was Chief Executive of Hermes Pensions Management Limited, a position he had held 
since  2002.  Previously  he  was  Hermes’  Chief  Investment  Officer,  having  been 
Managing  Director  of  AMP  Asset  Management  plc  and  the  Chief  International 
Investment Officer of Citicorp Investment Management from 1991 until joining 
Hermes in 1998. Tony was Chairman of The Strategic Investment Board in Northern 
Ireland but retired in March 2009. In January 2009, Tony was awarded a CBE for his 
services to the economic redevelopment of Northern Ireland.

11. Philip Yea‡, aged 54, became a member of the Board in September 2005. From 
July 2004 until January 2009, he was Chief Executive Officer of 3i Group plc. Prior to 
joining 3i, he was Managing Director of Investcorp and, from 1997 to 1999, Group 
Finance Director of Diageo plc following the merger of Guinness plc, where he was 
Finance Director, and Grand Metropolitan plc. He has previously held non-executive 
roles at HBOS plc and Manchester United plc. He is the Chairman of the trustees of 
the British Heart Foundation.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    49

Board of directors and Group management continued

telecommunications  industry.  He  also  worked  for  12  years  at  PacTel/AirTouch 
Communications  in  a  variety  of  roles  including  President  AirTouch  Paging,  Vice 
President Human Resources-AirTouch Communications, Vice President Business 
Development-AirTouch  Europe  and  Vice  President  &  General  Manager-AirTouch 
Cellular Southwest Market. Prior to that, he was an Associate with Booz Allen & Hamilton 
Inc, a management consulting firm. Terry is a trustee of The Vodafone Foundation.

Morten Lundal, aged 44, Chief Executive Officer, Africa and Central Europe Region, 
was  appointed  to  his  current  position  and  joined  the  Executive  Committee  in 
November 2008. He joined Nordic mobile operator, Telenor, in 1997 and held several 
Chief Executive Officer positions, including for the Internet Division and Telenor 
Business Solutions. He was Executive Vice President for Corporate Strategy, after 
which he became the Chief Executive Officer of Telenor’s Malaysian subsidiary, 
DiGi Telecommunications.

Nick Read, aged 44, Chief Executive Officer, Asia Pacific and Middle East Region, was 
appointed to this position and joined the Executive Committee in November 2008. 
Nick joined Vodafone in 2002 and has held a variety of senior roles including Chief 
Financial Officer and Chief Commercial Officer of Vodafone Limited, the UK operating 
company, and was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Vodafone Limited in early 
2006. Prior to joining Vodafone, Nick held senior global finance positions with United 
Business Media plc and Federal Express Worldwide.

Frank Rovekamp, aged 54, Group Chief Marketing Officer, was appointed to this 
position and joined the Executive Committee in May 2006. He joined Vodafone in 
2002 as Marketing Director and a member of the Management Board of Vodafone 
Netherlands and later moved to Vodafone Germany as Chief Marketing Officer and 
a member of the Management Board. Before joining Vodafone, he held roles as 
President and Chief Executive Officer of Beyoo and Chief Marketing Officer with 
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. He is a trustee of The Vodafone Foundation.

Ronald Schellekens, aged 45, Group Human Resources Director, joined Vodafone 
and the Executive Committee in January 2009. Prior to joining Vodafone, Ronald was 
Executive  Vice  President  Human  Resources  for  Royal  Dutch  Shell  plc’s  global 
downstream  business  (refining,  retail,  commercial,  lubricants,  chemicals  and 
Canadian  Oil  Sands)  responsible  for  approximately  81,000  employees  in  120 
countries. Prior to working for Shell, he spent nine years working for PepsiCo in 
various  international  senior  Human  Resources  roles,  including  assignments  in 
Switzerland, Spain, South Africa, the UK and Poland. In his last role, he was responsible 
for the Europe, Middle East and Africa region for PepsiCo Foods International. Prior to 
PepsiCo he worked for nine years for AT&T Network Systems in Human Resources 
roles in the Netherlands and Poland.

Stephen Scott, aged 55, Group General Counsel and Company Secretary, was 
appointed to this position in 1991, prior to which he was employed in the Racal Group 
legal department, which he joined in 1980 from private law practice in London. He is 
a director of ShareGift (the Orr Mackintosh Foundation Limited) and is a director and 
trustee of LawWorks (the Solicitors Pro Bono Group).

Other Board and Executive Committee members
The following members also served on the Board or the Executive Committee during 
the 2009 financial year: Arun Sarin was Chief Executive until the conclusion of the 
AGM on 29 July 2008; Dr Michael Boskin was a member of the Board and Chairman 
of the Audit Committee until the conclusion of the AGM on 29 July 2008; Paul 
Donovan was Chief Executive Officer, EMAPA and a member of the Executive 
Committee until 1 January 2009; Simon Lewis was Group Corporate Affairs Director 
and a member of the Executive Committee until 1 March 2009; and Professor 
Jürgen Schrempp was a member of the Board, the Remuneration Committee and 
the Nominations and Governance Committee until the conclusion of the AGM on 
29 July 2008.

Appointed since 31 March 2009
1. Samuel Jonah, aged 59, joined the Board as a non-executive director on 1 April 
2009. He is Executive Chairman of Jonah Capital (Pty) Limited, an investment holding 
company in South Africa and serves on the boards of various public and private 
companies, including The Standard Bank Group. He previously worked for Ashanti 
Goldfields Company Limited, becoming Chief Executive Officer in 1986, and was 
formerly President of AngloGold Ashanti Limited, a director of Lonmin Plc and a 
member of the Advisory Council of the President of the African Development Bank. 
He is an adviser to the Presidents of Ghana, South Africa and Nigeria. An Honorary 
Knighthood was conferred on him by Her Majesty the Queen in 2003 and in 2006 
he was awarded Ghana’s highest national award, the Companion of the Order of 
the Star.

2. Michel Combes, aged 47, Chief Executive Officer, Europe Region, was appointed 
to the Board with effect from 1 June 2009. He joined the Company in October 2008. 
Michel began his career at France Telecom in 1986 in the External Networks Division, 
and then moved to the Industrial and International Affairs Division. After being 
technical advisor to the Minister of Transportation from 1991 to 1995, he served as 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GlobeCast from 1995 to 1999. He was 
Executive Vice President of Nouvelles Frontieres Group from December 1999 until 
the  end  of  2001,  when  he  moved  to  the  position  of  Chief  Executive  Officer  of 
Assystem-Brime, a company specialising in industrial engineering. He returned to 
France Telecom Group in 2003 as Senior Vice President of Group Finance and Chief 
Financial Officer. Until January 2006, Michel was Senior Executive Vice President, in 
charge of NExT Financial Balance & Value Creation and a member of the France 
Telecom Group Strategic Committee. From 2006 to 2008, he was Chairman and Chief 
Executive Officer of TDF Group.

3.  Steve  Pusey,  aged  47,  Group  Chief  Technology  Officer,  joined  Vodafone  in 
September 2006 and was appointed to the Board with effect from 1 June 2009. He 
is responsible for all aspects of Vodafone’s networks, IT capability, research and 
development and supply chain management. Prior to joining Vodafone, he held the 
positions of Executive Vice President and President, Nortel EMEA, having joined 
Nortel in 1982, gaining a wealth of international experience across both the wireline 
and wireless industries and in business applications and solutions. Prior to Nortel, he 
spent several years with British Telecom.

Executive Committee
Chaired by Vittorio Colao, this committee focuses on the Group’s strategy, financial 
structure  and  planning,  succession  planning,  organisational  development  and 
Group-wide policies. The Executive Committee membership comprises the executive 
directors, details of whom are shown on pages 48 and above, and the senior managers 
who are listed below.

Senior management 
Members of the Executive Committee who are not also executive directors are 
regarded as senior managers of the Company. 

Warren Finegold, aged 52, Chief Executive Officer, Global Business Development, 
was appointed to this position and joined the Executive Committee in April 2006. He 
was  previously  a  Managing  Director  of  UBS  Investment  Bank  and  head  of  its 
technology team in Europe. He is responsible for business development, mergers and 
acquisitions and partner networks. 

Matthew Kirk, aged 48, Group External Affairs Director, was appointed to his current 
position  and  joined  the  Executive  Committee  in  March  2009.  Matthew  joined 
Vodafone in 2006 as Group Director of External Relationships. Prior to that, he was a 
member of the British Diplomatic Service for more than 20 years. He also led the 
British Foreign and Commonwealth Office programme of investment in IT and 
telecommunications for three years and before joining Vodafone served as British 
Ambassador to Finland.

Terry Kramer, aged 49, Group Strategy and Business Improvement Director, joined 
Vodafone  in  January  2005  as  Chief  of  Staff  and  was  appointed  Group  Human 
Resources Director in December 2006. Terry’s role was then expanded to include 
Vodafone Group Strategy and in September 2008, he was appointed to his current 
role. Prior to joining Vodafone, he was Chief Executive Officer of Q Comm International 
Inc.,  a  publicly  traded  provider  of  transaction  processing  services  for  the 

50    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

In  December  2008,  Governance  Metrics  International,  a  global  corporate 

governance ratings agency, ranked the Company amongst the top UK companies, 

with an overall global corporate governance rating of ten, the highest score 

assigned and achieved by only 1% of the 4,196 companies rated.

In the Company’s profile report by Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (‘ISS’), 

dated 1 May 2009, the Company’s governance practices outperformed 98.6% 

of  the  companies  in  the  ISS  developed  universe  (excluding  US),  98.2%  of 

companies in the telecommunications sector group and 98.1% of the companies 

in the UK.

Compliance with the Combined Code

The Company’s ordinary shares are listed in the UK on the London Stock Exchange. 

In accordance with the Listing Rules of the UK Listing Authority, the Company 

confirms that throughout the year ended 31 March 2009 and at the date of this 

document, it was compliant with the provisions of, and applied the principles of, 

Section 1 of the 2006 FRC Combined Code on Corporate Governance (the “Combined 

Code”). The following section, together with the “Directors’ remuneration” section 

on pages 57 to 67, provides details of how the Company applies the principles and 

complies with the provisions of the Combined Code.

Board organisation and structure

The role of the Board

The Board is responsible for the overall conduct of the Group’s business and has the 

powers, authorities and duties vested in it by and pursuant to the relevant laws of 

England and Wales and the articles of association. The Board:

•	

has final responsibility for the management, direction and performance of the 

•	

is required to exercise objective judgement on all corporate matters independent 

Group and its businesses;

from executive management;

is accountable to shareholders for the proper conduct of the business; and 

is responsible for ensuring the effectiveness of and reporting on the Group’s 

system of corporate governance.

The  Board  has  a  formal  schedule  of  matters  reserved  to  it  for  its  decision  and 

major capital projects, acquisitions or divestments;

annual budget and operating plan;

Group financial structure, including tax and treasury;

annual and half-year financial results and shareholder communications;

system of internal control and risk management; and

senior management structure, responsibilities and succession plans.

The  schedule  is  reviewed  periodically.  It  was  last  formally  reviewed  by  the 

Nominations  and  Governance  Committee  in  March  2009,  at  which  time  it  was 

determined that no amendments were required. 

Other specific responsibilities are delegated to Board committees which operate 

within clearly defined terms of reference. Details of the responsibilities delegated to 

the Board committees are given on pages 53 and 54. 

Board meetings

The Board meets at least eight times a year and the meetings are structured to allow 

open discussion. All directors participate in discussing the strategy, trading and financial 

these include:

Group strategy;

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

Corporate governance

Governance

The Board of the Company is committed to high standards of corporate governance, which it considers are critical 
to business integrity and to maintaining investors’ trust in the Company. The Group expects all its directors and 
employees to act with honesty, integrity and fairness. The Group will strive to act in accordance with the laws and 
customs of the countries in which it operates; adopt proper standards of business practice and procedure; operate 
with integrity; and observe and respect the culture of every country in which it does business.

In  December  2008,  Governance  Metrics  International,  a  global  corporate 
governance ratings agency, ranked the Company amongst the top UK companies, 
with an overall global corporate governance rating of ten, the highest score 
assigned and achieved by only 1% of the 4,196 companies rated.

In the Company’s profile report by Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (‘ISS’), 
dated 1 May 2009, the Company’s governance practices outperformed 98.6% 
of  the  companies  in  the  ISS  developed  universe  (excluding  US),  98.2%  of 
companies in the telecommunications sector group and 98.1% of the companies 
in the UK.

Compliance with the Combined Code
The Company’s ordinary shares are listed in the UK on the London Stock Exchange. 
In accordance with the Listing Rules of the UK Listing Authority, the Company 
confirms that throughout the year ended 31 March 2009 and at the date of this 
document, it was compliant with the provisions of, and applied the principles of, 
Section 1 of the 2006 FRC Combined Code on Corporate Governance (the “Combined 
Code”). The following section, together with the “Directors’ remuneration” section 
on pages 57 to 67, provides details of how the Company applies the principles and 
complies with the provisions of the Combined Code.

performance and risk management of the Company. All substantive agenda items have 
comprehensive briefing papers, which are circulated one week before the meeting. 

The following table shows the number of years directors have been on the Board at 
31 March 2009 and their attendance at scheduled Board meetings they were eligible 
to attend during the 2009 financial year: 

Sir John Bond 
John Buchanan 
Vittorio Colao  
Andy Halford 
Alan Jebson 
Nick Land 
Anne Lauvergeon 
Simon Murray 
Luc Vandevelde 
Anthony Watson 
Philip Yea 
Arun Sarin (until 29 July 2008) 
Dr Michael Boskin (until 29 July 2008) 
Professor Jürgen Schrempp (until 29 July 2008) 

Years   Meetings 
attended
9/9
7/9
9/9
9/9
9/9
8/9
8/9
8/9
9/9
9/9
8/9
3/3
3/3
2/3

on Board 
4 
6 
2 
3 
2 
2 
3 
2 
5 
3 
3 
– 
– 
– 

Board organisation and structure
The role of the Board
The Board is responsible for the overall conduct of the Group’s business and has the 
powers, authorities and duties vested in it by and pursuant to the relevant laws of 
England and Wales and the articles of association. The Board:

In addition to regular Board meetings, there are a number of other meetings to deal 
with specific matters. Directors unable to attend a Board meeting because of another 
engagement are nevertheless provided with all the papers and information relevant 
for such meetings and are able to discuss issues arising in the meeting with the 
Chairman or the Chief Executive.

•	

•	

•	
•	

has final responsibility for the management, direction and performance of the 
Group and its businesses;
is required to exercise objective judgement on all corporate matters independent 
from executive management;
is accountable to shareholders for the proper conduct of the business; and 
is responsible for ensuring the effectiveness of and reporting on the Group’s 
system of corporate governance.

The  Board  has  a  formal  schedule  of  matters  reserved  to  it  for  its  decision  and 
these include:

•	
•	
•	
•	
•	
•	
•	

Group strategy;
major capital projects, acquisitions or divestments;
annual budget and operating plan;
Group financial structure, including tax and treasury;
annual and half-year financial results and shareholder communications;
system of internal control and risk management; and
senior management structure, responsibilities and succession plans.

The  schedule  is  reviewed  periodically.  It  was  last  formally  reviewed  by  the 
Nominations  and  Governance  Committee  in  March  2009,  at  which  time  it  was 
determined that no amendments were required. 

Other specific responsibilities are delegated to Board committees which operate 
within clearly defined terms of reference. Details of the responsibilities delegated to 
the Board committees are given on pages 53 and 54. 

Board meetings
The Board meets at least eight times a year and the meetings are structured to allow 
open discussion. All directors participate in discussing the strategy, trading and financial 

Division of responsibilities
The roles of the Chairman and Chief Executive are separate and there is a division of 
responsibilities that is clearly established, set out in writing and agreed by the Board 
to ensure that no one person has unfettered powers of decision. The Chairman is 
responsible for the operation, leadership and governance of the Board, ensuring its 
effectiveness and setting its agenda. The Chief Executive is responsible for the 
management of the Group’s business and the implementation of Board strategy 
and policy.

Board balance and independence
The Company’s Board consists of 14 directors, 11 of whom served throughout the 
2009 financial year. At 31 March 2009, in addition to the Chairman, Sir John Bond, 
there were two executive directors and eight non-executive directors. Samuel Jonah 
was appointed as an additional non-executive director with effect from 1 April 2009 
and Michel Combes and Steve Pusey as additional executive directors with effect from 
1 June 2009.

The Deputy Chairman, John Buchanan, is the nominated senior independent director 
and his role includes being available for approach or representation by directors or 
significant shareholders who may feel inhibited by raising issues with the Chairman. 
He is also responsible for conducting an annual review of the performance of the 
Chairman and, in the event it should be necessary, convening a meeting of the non-
executive directors.

The  Company  considers  all  of  its  present  non-executive  directors  to  be  fully 
independent. The Board is aware of the other commitments of its directors and is 
satisfied that these do not conflict with their duties as directors of the Company.

There are no cross-directorships or significant links between directors serving on 
the Board through involvement in other companies or bodies. For the purpose of 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    51

 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Corporate governance continued

section 175 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company’s articles of association 
include a general power for the directors to authorise any matter which would or 
might otherwise constitute or give rise to a breach of the duty of a director under 
this section, to avoid a situation in which he has, or can have, a direct or indirect 
interest that conflicts or may possibly conflict, with the interests of the Company. 
To  this  end,  procedures  have  been  established  for  the  disclosure  of  any  such 
conflicts and also for the consideration and authorisation of these conflicts by 
the  Board,  where  relevant.  The  directors  are  required  to  complete  a  conflicts 
questionnaire, initially on appointment and annually thereafter. In the event of a 
potential conflict being identified, details of that conflict would be submitted to the 
Board  (excluding  the  director  to  whom  the  potential  conflict  related)  for 
consideration and, as appropriate, authorisation in accordance with the Companies 
Act 2006 and the articles of association. Where an authorisation was granted, it 
would be recorded in a register of potential conflicts and reviewed periodically. On 
an ongoing basis, directors are responsible for notifying the Company Secretary if 
they  become  aware  of  actual  or  potential  conflict  situations  or  a  change  in 
circumstances relating to an existing authorisation. To date, no conflicts of interest 
have been identified.

The names and biographical details of the current directors are given on pages 48, 
49 and 50. Changes to the commitments of the directors are reported to the Board. 

Under the laws of England and Wales, the executive and non-executive directors are 
equal  members  of  the  Board  and  have  overall  collective  responsibility  for  the 
direction of the Company. In particular, non-executive directors are responsible for:

•	

•	

•	
•	

•	

bringing a wide range of skills and experience to the Group, including independent 
judgement on issues of strategy, performance, financial controls and systems of 
risk management;
constructively challenging the strategy proposed by the Chief Executive and 
executive directors;
scrutinising and challenging performance across the Group’s business; 
assessing risk and the integrity of the financial information and controls of the 
Group; and
ensuring appropriate remuneration and succession planning arrangements are in 
place in relation to executive directors and other senior executive roles.

Board effectiveness
Appointments to the Board
There is a formal, rigorous and transparent procedure, which is based on merit and 
against objective criteria, for the appointment of new directors to the Board. This is 
described in the section on the Nominations and Governance Committee set out on 
page 53. Samuel Jonah was identified as a potential candidate by internal sources 
and subsequently recommended to the Board by the Nominations and Governance 
Committee on the basis of his wealth of business experience in Africa, particularly 
South Africa and Ghana where Vodafone has made important investments recently. 
Michel  Combes  and  Steve  Pusey  were  proposed  for  appointment  to  the  Board 
following assessment of their performance and their potential contribution by the 
Nominations  and  Governance  Committee  and  the  whole  Board  subsequently 
discussed the proposal before their appointments were confirmed.

Information and professional development
Each member of the Board has immediate access to a dedicated online team room 
and can access monthly information including actual financial results, reports from 
the executive directors in respect of their areas of responsibility and the Chief 
Executive’s report which deals, amongst other things, with investor relations, giving 
Board members an opportunity to develop an understanding of the views of major 
investors. These matters are discussed at each Board meeting. From time to time, the 
Board receives detailed presentations from non-Board members on matters of 
significance or on new opportunities for the Group. Financial plans, including budgets 
and forecasts, are regularly discussed at Board meetings. The non-executive directors 
periodically visit different parts of the Group and are provided with briefings and 
information to assist them in performing their duties.

responsibilities as a director. The Board is confident that all its members have the 
knowledge, ability and experience to perform the functions required of a director of 
a listed company.

On appointment, individual directors undergo an induction programme covering, 
amongst other things:

•	
•	
•	
•	

the business of the Group;
their legal and regulatory responsibilities as directors of the Company; 
briefings and presentations from relevant executives; and 
opportunities to visit business operations. 

If appropriate, the induction will also include briefings on the scope of the internal 
audit function and the role of the Audit Committee, meetings with the external 
auditor and other areas the Company Secretary deems fit, considering the director’s 
area of responsibility. The Company Secretary provides a programme of ongoing 
training for the directors, which covers a number of sector specific and business 
issues, as well as legal, accounting and regulatory changes and developments 
relevant to individual director’s areas of responsibility. Throughout their period in 
office, the directors are continually updated on the Group’s businesses and the 
regulatory and industry specific environments in which it operates. These updates 
are by way of written briefings and meetings with senior executives and, where 
appropriate, external sources. 

The  Company  Secretary  ensures  that  the  programme  to  familiarise  the  non-
executive directors with the business is maintained over time and kept relevant to the 
needs of the individuals involved. The Company Secretary confers with the Chairman 
and senior independent director to ensure that this is the case. 

Performance evaluation
Performance  evaluation  of  the  Board,  its  committees  and  individual  directors 
takes place on an annual basis and is conducted within the terms of reference of 
the  Nominations  and  Governance  Committee  with  the  aim  of  improving 
individual contributions, the effectiveness of the Board and its committees and the 
Group’s performance.

The Board undertakes a formal self-evaluation of its own performance. This process 
involves the Chairman: 

•	
•	

•	

sending a questionnaire to each Board member for completion; 
undertaking  individual  meetings  with  each  Board  member  on  Board 
performance; and
producing a report on Board performance, using the completed questionnaire and 
notes  from  the  individual  meetings,  which  is  sent  to  and  considered  by  the 
Nominations and Governance Committee before being discussed with Board 
members at the following Board meeting.

The evaluation is designed to determine whether the Board continues to be capable 
of providing the high level judgement required and whether, as a Board, the directors 
are informed and up to date with the business and its goals and understand the 
context  within  which  it  operates.  The  evaluation  also  includes  a  review  of  the 
administration of the Board covering the operation of the Board, its agenda and the 
reports and information produced for the Board’s consideration. The Board will 
continue to review its procedures, its effectiveness and development in the financial 
year ahead. 

The Chairman leads the assessment of the Chief Executive and the non-executive 
directors, the Chief Executive undertakes the performance reviews for the executive 
directors and the senior independent director conducts the review of the performance 
of the Chairman by having a meeting with all the non-executive directors together and 
individual meetings with the executive directors and the Company Secretary. Following 
this process, the senior independent director produces a written report which is 
discussed with the Chairman.

The Chairman is responsible for ensuring that induction and training programmes are 
provided and the Company Secretary organises the programmes. Individual directors 
are also expected to take responsibility for identifying their training needs and to take 
steps to ensure that they are adequately informed about the Company and their 

The evaluation of each of the Board committees is undertaken using an online 
questionnaire  that  each  member  of  the  committees  and  others  who  attend 
committee meetings or interact with committee members are required to complete. 
The results of the questionnaires are discussed with the Chairman of the Board and 
the members of the committees.

52    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
The evaluations undertaken in the 2009 financial year found the performance of 
each director to be effective and concluded that the Board provides the effective 
leadership  and  control  required  for  a  listed  company.  The  Nominations  and 
Governance Committee confirmed to the Board that the contributions made by the 
directors offering themselves for re-election at the AGM in July 2009 continue to be 
effective and that the Company should support their re-election.

Re-election of directors
Although not required by the articles, in the interests of good corporate governance, 
the directors have resolved that they will all submit themselves for annual re-election 
at each AGM of the Company. Accordingly, at the AGM to be held on 28 July 2009, 
all the directors will be retiring and, being eligible and on the recommendation of 
the Nominations and Governance Committee, will offer themselves for re-election. 
New  directors  seek  election  for  the  first  time  in  accordance  with  the  articles 
of association.

Independent advice
The Board recognises that there may be occasions when one or more of the directors 
feel it is necessary to take independent legal and/or financial advice at the Company’s 
expense. There is an agreed procedure to enable them to do so.

Indemnification of directors
In accordance with the Company’s articles of association and to the extent permitted 
by the laws of England and Wales, directors are granted an indemnity from the 
Company in respect of liabilities incurred as a result of their office. In respect of those 
matters for which the directors may not be indemnified, the Company maintained a 
directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy throughout the financial year. This 
policy is in the process of being renewed. Neither the Company’s indemnity nor the 
insurance provides cover in the event that the director is proven to have acted 
dishonestly or fraudulently. The Company does not indemnify its external auditors.

Board committees
The Board has established an Audit Committee, a Nominations and Governance 
Committee and a Remuneration Committee, each of which has formal terms of 
reference approved by the Board. The Board is satisfied that the terms of reference 
for each of these committees satisfy the requirements of the Combined Code and 
are reviewed internally on an ongoing basis by the Board. The terms of reference for 
all Board committees can be found on the Company’s website at www.vodafone.
com/governance or a copy can be obtained by application to the Company Secretary 
at the Company’s registered office. 

The  committees  are  provided  with  all  necessary  resources  to  enable  them  to 
undertake their duties in an effective manner. The Company Secretary or his delegate 
acts as Secretary to the committees. The minutes of committee meetings are 
circulated to all directors.

Each committee has access to such information and advice, both from within the 
Group and externally, at the cost of the Company as it deems necessary. This may 
include the appointment of external consultants where appropriate. Each committee 
undertakes an annual review of the effectiveness of its terms of reference and makes 
recommendations to the Board for changes where appropriate.

Audit Committee
The members of the Audit Committee during the year, together with a record of 
their attendance at scheduled meetings which they were eligible to attend, are set 
out below: 

John Buchanan 
Alan Jebson 
Nick Land, Chairman 
Anne Lauvergeon 
Dr Michael Boskin, Chairman (until 29 July 2008) 

Meetings attended
3/4
4/4
4/4
4/4
1/1

The  Audit  Committee  is  comprised  of  financially  literate  members  having  the 
necessary ability and experience to understand financial statements. Solely for the 
purpose of fulfilling the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Combined 
Code, the Board has designated Nick Land, who is an independent non-executive 

Governance

director satisfying the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the US Securities 
Exchange Act 1934, as its financial expert on the Audit Committee. Further details on 
Nick Land can be found in “Board of directors and Group management” on page 48.

The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include: 

•	
•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

overseeing the relationship with the external auditors; 
reviewing the Company’s preliminary results announcement, half-year results and 
annual financial statements; 
monitoring compliance with statutory and listing requirements for any exchange 
on which the Company’s shares and debt instruments are quoted; 
reviewing the scope, extent and effectiveness of the activity of the Group internal 
audit department; 
engaging independent advisers as it determines is necessary and to perform 
investigations; 
reporting  to  the  Board  on  the  quality  and  acceptability  of  the  Company’s 
accounting policies and practices including, without limitation, critical accounting 
policies and practices; and
playing  an  active  role  in  monitoring  the  Company’s  compliance  efforts  for 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and receiving progress updates at each of 
its meetings.

At least twice a year, the Audit Committee meets separately with the external auditors 
and the Group Audit Director without management being present. Further details on 
the work of the Audit Committee and its oversight of the relationships with the 
external auditors can be found under “Auditors” and the “Report from the Audit 
Committee” which are set out on pages 55 and 56.

Nominations and Governance Committee
The members of the Nominations and Governance Committee during the year, 
together with a record of their attendance at scheduled meetings which they were 
eligible to attend, are set out below: 

Sir John Bond, Chairman 
John Buchanan 
Luc Vandevelde 
Arun Sarin (until 29 July 2008) 
Professor Jürgen Schrempp (until 29 July 2008) 

Meetings attended
3/3
3/3
3/3
1/1
1/1

The Nominations and Governance Committee’s key objective is to ensure that the 
Board comprises individuals with the requisite skills, knowledge and experience to 
ensure that it is effective in discharging its responsibilities. The Nominations and 
Governance Committee: 

•	

•	

•	

•	

leads the process for identifying and making recommendations to the Board of 
candidates for appointment as directors of the Company, giving full consideration 
to succession planning and the leadership needs of the Group; 
makes recommendations to the Board on the composition of the Nominations 
and Governance Committee and the composition and chairmanship of the Audit 
and Remuneration Committees; 
regularly reviews the structure, size and composition of the Board, including the 
balance of skills, knowledge and experience and the independence of the non-
executive directors, and makes recommendations to the Board with regard to any 
change; and 
is responsible for the oversight of all matters relating to corporate governance, 
bringing any issues to the attention of the Board.

The Nominations and Governance Committee meets periodically when required. In 
addition to scheduled meetings there are a number of ad hoc meetings to address 
specific matters. No one other than a member of the Nominations and Governance 
Committee is entitled to be present at its meetings. The Chief Executive, other non-
executive directors and external advisers may be invited to attend.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    53

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Corporate governance continued

Remuneration Committee
The members of the Remuneration Committee during the year, together with a 
record of their attendance at scheduled meetings which they were eligible to attend, 
are set out below:

Luc Vandevelde, Chairman 
Simon Murray 
Anthony Watson 
Philip Yea 
Professor Jürgen Schrempp (until 29 July 2008) 

Meetings attended
5/5
4/5
5/5
4/5
0/1

In addition to scheduled meetings, there are a number of ad hoc meetings to deal 
with specific matters. The responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee include: 

•	

•	

•	

determining, on behalf of the Board, the Company’s policy on the remuneration 
of the Chairman, the executive directors and the senior management team of 
the Company;
determining the total remuneration packages for these individuals, including any 
compensation on termination of office; and 
appointing any consultants in respect of executive directors’ remuneration. 

The Chairman and Chief Executive may attend the Remuneration Committee’s 
meetings by invitation. They do not attend when their individual remuneration is 
discussed and no director is involved in deciding his own remuneration. 

Further information on the Remuneration Committee’s activities is contained in 
“Directors’ remuneration” on pages 57 to 67.

Executive Committee
The executive directors, together with certain other Group functional heads and 
regional chief executives, meet 12 times a year as the Executive Committee under 
the chairmanship of the Chief Executive. The Executive Committee is responsible for 
the  day-to-day  management  of  the  Group’s  businesses,  the  overall  financial 
performance of the Group in fulfilment of strategy, plans and budgets and Group 
capital structure and funding. It also reviews major acquisitions and disposals. The 
members of the Executive Committee and their biographical details are set out on 
pages 48 to 50.

Strategy Board 
The Strategy Board meets three times each year to discuss strategy. This is attended 
by Executive Committee members and the Chief Executive Officers of the major 
operating companies and other selected individuals based on Strategy Board topics. 

Company Secretary
The Company Secretary acts as Secretary to the Board and to the committees of the 
Board  and,  with  the  consent  of  the  Board,  may  delegate  responsibility  for  the 
administration of the committees to other suitably qualified staff. He:

•	

•	

•	

assists the Chairman in ensuring that all directors have full and timely access to all 
relevant information;
is responsible for ensuring that the correct Board procedures are followed and 
advises the Board on corporate governance matters; and
administers the procedure under which directors can, where appropriate, obtain 
independent professional advice at the Company’s expense. 

The appointment or removal of the Company Secretary is a matter for the Board as 
a whole. 

Relations with shareholders
The Company is committed to communicating its strategy and activities clearly to 
its shareholders and, to that end, maintains an active dialogue with investors through 
a  planned  programme  of  investor  relations  activities.  The  investor  relations 
programme includes: 

•	

formal presentations of full year and half-year results and interim management 
statements;

54    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

briefing meetings with major institutional shareholders in the UK, the US and in 
Continental Europe after the half-year results and preliminary announcement, to 
ensure that the investor community receives a balanced and complete view of the 
Group’s performance and the issues faced by the Group;
regular meetings with institutional investors and analysts by the Chief Executive 
and the Chief Financial Officer to discuss business performance; 
hosting  investors  and  analysts  sessions  at  which  senior  management  from 
relevant operating companies deliver presentations which provide an overview of 
each of the individual businesses and operations; 
attendance by senior executives across the business at relevant meetings and 
conferences throughout the year; 
responding to enquiries from shareholders and analysts through the Company’s 
Investor Relations team; and
a  section  dedicated  to  shareholders  on  the  Company’s  website,   
www.vodafone.com/shareholder. 

Overall  responsibility  for  ensuring  that  there  is  effective  communication  with 
investors and that the Board understands the views of major shareholders on matters 
such as governance and strategy rests with the Chairman, who makes himself 
available to meet shareholders for this purpose.

The senior independent director and other members of the Board are also available 
to meet major investors on request. The senior independent director has a specific 
responsibility to be available to shareholders who have concerns, for whom contact 
with the Chairman, Chief Executive or Chief Financial Officer has either failed to 
resolve their concerns, or for whom such contact is inappropriate.

At the 2007 AGM, the shareholders approved amendments to the articles which enabled 
the Company to take advantage of the provisions in the Companies Act 2006 (effective 
from 20 January 2007) to communicate with its shareholders electronically. Following 
that approval, unless a shareholder has specifically asked to receive a hard copy, they 
will receive notification of the availability of the annual report on the Company’s website 
at www.vodafone.com/investor. For the 2009 financial year, shareholders will receive 
the notice of meeting and form of proxy in paper through the post unless they have 
previously opted to receive email communications. Shareholders continue to have 
the option to appoint proxies and give voting instructions electronically.

The principal communication with private investors is via the annual report and 
through the AGM, an occasion which is attended by all the Company’s directors and 
at which all shareholders present are given the opportunity to question the Chairman 
and the Board as well as the Chairmen of the Audit, Remuneration and Nominations 
and Governance Committees. After the AGM, shareholders can meet informally 
with directors. 

A summary presentation of results and development plans is also given at the AGM 
before the Chairman deals with the formal business of the meeting. The AGM is 
broadcast live on the Group’s website, www.vodafone.com/agm, and a recording of 
the webcast can subsequently be viewed on the website. All substantive resolutions 
at the Company’s AGMs are decided on a poll. The poll is conducted by the Company’s 
registrars and scrutinised by Electoral Reform Services. The proxy votes cast in 
relation to all resolutions, including details of votes withheld, are disclosed to those 
in  attendance  at  the  meeting  and  the  results  of  the  poll  are  published  on  the 
Company’s website and announced via the regulatory news service. Financial and 
other information is made available on the Company’s website, www.vodafone.com/
investor, which is regularly updated.

Political donations
At  last  year’s  AGM,  held  on  29  July  2008,  the  directors  sought  and  received 
shareholders’ approval for the Company and its subsidiaries to be authorised, for the 
purposes of Part 14 of the Companies Act 2006, to make political donations and to 
incur  political  expenditure  during  the  period  from  the  date  of  the  AGM  to  the 
conclusion of the AGM in 2012 or 29 July 2012, whichever is earlier, up to a maximum 
aggregate amount of £100,000 per year.

Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries have made any political donations 
during the year.

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
It remains the policy of the Company not to make political donations or incur political 
expenditure as those expressions are normally understood. However, the directors 
consider that it is in the best interests of shareholders for the Company to participate 
in public debate and opinion-forming on matters which affect its business. To avoid 
inadvertent infringement of the Companies Act 2006, shareholder authority has 
been sought as outlined above.

Internal control
The Board has overall responsibility for the system of internal control. A sound 
system of internal control is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of 
failure to achieve business objectives and can only provide reasonable and not 
absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. The process of managing 
the risks associated with social, environmental and ethical impacts is also discussed 
under “Corporate responsibility” on pages 45 to 47.

The Board has established procedures that implement in full the Turnbull Guidance 
“Internal Control: Revised Guidance for Directors on the Combined Code” for the year 
under review and to the date of approval of the annual report. These procedures, 
which are subject to regular review, provide an ongoing process for identifying, 
evaluating and managing the significant risks faced by the Group. See page 69 for 
management’s report on internal control over financial reporting.

Monitoring and review activities
There are clear processes for monitoring the system of internal control and reporting 
any significant control failings or weaknesses together with details of corrective 
action. These include:

•	

•	

•	

•	

a formal annual confirmation provided by the Chief Executive and Chief Financial 
Officer of each Group company certifying the operation of their control systems 
and highlighting any weaknesses, the results of which are reviewed by regional 
management, the Audit Committee and the Board;
a review of the quality and timeliness of disclosures undertaken by the Chief 
Executive and the Chief Financial Officer which includes formal annual meetings 
with the operating company or regional chief executives and chief financial 
officers and the Disclosure Committee;
periodic examination of business processes on a risk basis including reports on 
controls  throughout  the  Group  undertaken  by  the  Group  internal  audit 
department who report directly to the Audit Committee; and
reports from the external auditors on certain internal controls and relevant 
financial reporting matters, presented to the Audit Committee and management.

Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can 
provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance of achieving the desired control 
objectives. Management is required to apply judgement in evaluating the risks facing 
the Group in achieving its objectives, in determining the risks that are considered 
acceptable to bear, in assessing the likelihood of the risks concerned materialising, 
in identifying the Company’s ability to reduce the incidence and impact on the 
business of risks that do materialise and in ensuring that the costs of operating 
particular controls are proportionate to the benefit. 

Review of effectiveness
The Board and the Audit Committee have reviewed the effectiveness of the internal 
control system, including financial, operational and compliance controls and risk 
management, in accordance with the Combined Code for the period from 1 April 
2008 to 19 May 2009, the date of approval of the Group’s annual report. No significant  
failings or weaknesses were identified during this review. However, had there been 
any such failings or weaknesses, the Board confirms that necessary actions would 
have been taken to remedy them.

Disclosure controls and procedures
The  Company  maintains  “disclosure  controls  and  procedures”,  as  such  term  is 
defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), that are designed to ensure that information 
required to be disclosed in reports the Company files or submits under the Exchange 
Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarised  and  reported  within  the  time  periods 
specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such 
information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the 
Company’s Group Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow 
timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Governance

The directors, the Chief Executive and the Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the 
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures and, based on that evaluation, 
have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the end 
of the period covered by this document.

Auditors
Following a recommendation by the Audit Committee and, in accordance with 
Section 384 of the Companies Act 1985, a resolution proposing the reappointment 
of Deloitte LLP as auditors to the Company will be put to the shareholders at the 
2009 AGM.

In its assessment of the independence of the auditors and in accordance with the US 
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board’s standard on independence, the Audit 
Committee receives in writing details of relationships between Deloitte LLP and the 
Company that may have a bearing on their independence and receives confirmation 
that they are independent of the Company within the meaning of the securities laws 
administered by the SEC.

In addition, the Audit Committee pre-approves the audit fee after a review of both the 
level of the audit fee against other comparable companies, including those in the 
telecommunications industry, and the level and nature of non-audit fees, as part of 
its review of the adequacy and objectivity of the audit process.

In a further measure to ensure auditor independence is not compromised, policies 
provide for the pre-approval by the Audit Committee of permitted non-audit services 
by Deloitte LLP. For certain specific permitted services, the Audit Committee has 
pre-approved that Deloitte LLP can be engaged by Group management subject to 
specified fee limits for individual engagements and fee limits for each type of specific 
service permitted. For all other services, or those permitted services that exceed the 
specified fee limits, the Chairman of the Audit Committee, or in his absence another 
member,  can  pre-approve  services  which  have  not  been  pre-approved  by  the 
Audit Committee.

In addition to their statutory duties, Deloitte LLP are also employed where, as a result 
of their position as auditors, they either must, or are best placed to, perform the work 
in question. This is primarily work in relation to matters such as shareholder circulars, 
Group borrowings, regulatory filings and certain business acquisitions and disposals. 
Other work is awarded on the basis of competitive tender.

During  the  year,  Deloitte  LLP  and  its  affiliates  charged  the  Group  £8  million   
(2008: £7 million, 2007: £7 million) for audit and audit-related services and a further 
£1 million (2008: £2 million, 2007: £3 million) for non-audit assignments. An analysis 
of these fees can be found in note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

US listing requirements
The Company’s American Depositary Shares are listed on the NYSE and the Company 
is, therefore, subject to the rules of the NYSE as well as US securities laws and the 
rules of the SEC. The NYSE requires US companies listed on the exchange to comply 
with the NYSE’s corporate governance rules but foreign private issuers, such as the 
Company, are exempt from most of those rules. However, pursuant to NYSE Rule 
303A.11, the Company is required to disclose a summary of any significant ways in 
which the corporate governance practices it follows differ from those required by the 
NYSE for US companies. The differences are as follows:

Independence
•	

NYSE rules require that a majority of the Board must be comprised of independent 
directors and the rules include detailed tests that US companies must use for 
determining independence.
The Combined Code requires a company’s board of directors to assess and make 
a determination as to the independence of its directors. 

•	

While the Board does not explicitly take into consideration the NYSE’s detailed tests, 
it has carried out an assessment based on the requirements of the Combined Code 
and has determined in its judgement that all of the non-executive directors are 
independent within those requirements. As at 19 May 2009, the Board comprised the 
Chairman, two executive directors and nine non-executive directors.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    55

Corporate governance continued

Committees
•	

NYSE rules require US companies to have a nominating and corporate governance 
committee  and  a  compensation  committee,  each  composed  entirely  of 
independent directors with a written charter that addresses the committees’ 
purpose and responsibilities.
The Company’s Nominations and Governance Committee and Remuneration 
Committee  have  terms  of  reference  and  composition  that  comply  with  the 
Combined Code requirements.
The Nominations and Governance Committee is chaired by the Chairman of the 
Board and its other members are non-executive directors of the Company.
The Audit Committee is composed entirely of non-executive directors whom the 
Board has determined to be independent and who meet the requirements of Rule 
10A-3 of the Securities Exchange Act.

•	

•	

•	

The Company considers that the terms of reference of these committees, which are 
available on its website at www.vodafone.com/governance, are generally responsive 
to the relevant NYSE rules but may not address all aspects of these rules. 

Corporate governance guidelines
•	

Under  NYSE  rules,  US  companies  must  adopt  and  disclose  corporate 
governance guidelines. 
Vodafone has posted its statement of compliance with the Combined Code on its 
website at www.vodafone.com/governance. The Company has also adopted a 
group  governance  and  policy  manual  which  provides  the  first  level  of  the 
framework within which its businesses operate. The manual applies to all directors 
and employees.
The Company considers that its corporate governance guidelines are generally 
responsive to, but may not address all aspects of, the relevant NYSE rules. 

•	

•	

The Company has also adopted a corporate Code of Ethics for senior executives, 
financial  and  accounting  officers,  separate  from  and  additional  to  its  Business 
Principles. A copy of this code is available on the Group’s website at www.vodafone.
com/governance.

Report from the Audit Committee
The Audit Committee assists the Board in carrying out its responsibilities in 
relation  to  financial  reporting  requirements,  risk  management  and  the 
assessment  of  internal  controls.  The  Audit  Committee  also  reviews  the 
effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  audit  function  and  manages  the 
Company’s relationship with the external auditors.

The composition of the Audit Committee is shown in the table on page 53 and 
its terms of reference can be found on the Vodafone website (www.vodafone.
com/governance). By invitation of the Chairman of the Audit Committee, the 
Chief Executive, the Chief Financial Officer, the Group Financial Controller, the 
Director of Financial Reporting, the Group Audit Director and the external 
auditors also attend the Audit Committee meetings. Also invited to attend 
certain meetings are relevant people from the business to present sessions on 
issues designed to enhance the Audit Committee’s awareness of key issues and 
developments in the business which are relevant to the Audit Committee in the 
performance of its role.

During the year ended 31 March 2009, the principal activities of the Audit 
Committee were as follows:

Financial reporting
The Audit Committee reviewed and discussed with management and the 
external auditors the half-year and annual financial statements, focusing on, 
without limitation, the quality and acceptability of accounting policies and 
practices, the clarity of the disclosures and compliance with financial reporting 
standards and relevant financial and governance reporting requirements. To 
aid their review, the Audit Committee considered reports from the Group 
Financial Controller and the Director of Financial Reporting and also reports 
from the external auditors, Deloitte LLP, on the scope and outcome of their 
half-year review and annual audit. 

Risk management and internal control
The Audit Committee reviewed the process by which the Group evaluated its 
control  environment,  its  risk  assessment  process  and  the  way  in  which 
significant business risks were managed. It also considered the Group Audit 
Director’s reports on the effectiveness of internal controls, significant identified 

frauds and any identified fraud that involved management or employees with 
a significant role in internal controls. The Audit Committee was also responsible 
for oversight of the Group’s compliance activities in relation to section 404 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Internal audit
The  Audit  Committee  monitored  and  reviewed  the  scope,  extent  and 
effectiveness  of  the  activity  of  the  Group  internal  audit  department  and 
received reports from the Group Audit Director which included updates on 
audit activities and achievement against the Group audit plan, the results of any 
unsatisfactory audits and the action plans to address these areas, and resource 
requirements of the internal audit department. The Audit Committee held 
private discussions with the Group Audit Director at each meeting.

External auditors
The  Audit  Committee  reviewed  and  monitored  the  independence  of  the 
external auditors and the objectivity and effectiveness of the audit process and 
provided  the  Board  with  its  recommendation  to  the  shareholders  on  the 
reappointment of Deloitte LLP as external auditors. The Audit Committee 
approved  the  scope  and  fees  for  audit  and  permitted  non-audit  services 
provided by Deloitte LLP.

Private meetings were held with Deloitte LLP to ensure that there were no 
restrictions  on  the  scope  of  their  audit  and  to  discuss  matters  without 
management being present.

Audit Committee effectiveness
The Audit Committee conducts a formal review of its effectiveness annually, 
giving consideration to, amongst other things, frequency, timings and adequacy 
of the meetings, composition, adequacy of resources and interaction with 
management and concluded this year that the Audit Committee’s performance 
was effective and the Audit Committee had fulfilled its terms of reference.

Nick Land   
On behalf of the Audit Committee

56    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Directors’ remuneration

Governance

Remuneration Committee
The Remuneration Committee is comprised to exercise independent judgement and 
consists only of independent non-executive directors. For further details, the terms 
of reference can be found on page 54.

Remuneration Committee
Chairman 
Committee members 

Luc Vandevelde
Simon Murray
Professor Jürgen Schrempp (until
29 July 2008)
Anthony Watson
Philip Yea

Management attendees
Chief Executive  

Group HR Director 

Group Reward Director 

Vittorio Colao (from 29 July 2008)
Arun Sarin (until 29 July 2008)
Ronald Schellekens (from 1 January 2009)
Terry Kramer (until 1 January 2009)
Tristram Roberts

External advisers
During the year, Towers Perrin supplied market data and advice on market practice 
and governance. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP provided performance analysis and 
advice on plan design and performance measures.

The advisers also provided advice to the Company on general human resource and 
compensation  related  matters.  In  addition,  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP  also 
provided a broad range of tax, share scheme and advisory services to the Group 
during the 2009 financial year.

Meetings
The Remuneration Committee had five scheduled and a further three other ad hoc 
meetings during the year.

Dear Shareholder

Last year saw a change in the executive directors’ remuneration package. The 
package put even greater focus on two key criteria: shareholder alignment and link 
to the business strategy.

The Remuneration Committee is satisfied that the changes made are particularly 
appropriate  in  light  of  the  current  economic  circumstances  and  this  year  the 
committee has decided not to make any changes to the reward packages for the 
executive directors. As such, the 2010 remuneration structure is unchanged from 
2009 and the Committee has decided not to increase the base salaries for the current 
executive directors in the July 2009 review.

As well as considering the current package, the Remuneration Committee continues 
to  monitor  how  well  incentive  awards  made  in  previous  years  align  with  the 
Company’s performance. In this regard, the Committee is confident that there is a 
strong link between performance and reward. 

The Remuneration Committee has appreciated the dialogue and feedback from 
investors over each of the past three years and will continue to take an active interest 
in their views and the voting on the remuneration report. As such, it hopes to receive 
your support at the AGM on 28 July 2009. 

Luc Vandevelde
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee
19 May 2009

Contents
The detail of this remuneration report is set out over the following pages, as follows:

Page 57 –  The Remuneration Committee
Page 58 –  Overview of remuneration philosophy
Page 59 –  The remuneration package
Page 61 –  Awards made to executive directors during the 2009 financial year
Page 61 –  Amounts executive directors will actually receive in the 2010 financial year
Page 62 –  Other considerations
Page 63 –  Audited information for executive directors
Page 66 –  Non-executive directors remuneration
Page 66 –  Audited information for non-executive directors’ serving during the year 

ended 31 March 2009

Page 67 –  Beneficial interests

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    57

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Directors’ remuneration continued

Overview of remuneration philosophy 
Remuneration policy 
The  Remuneration  Committee  commissioned  a  full  review  of  the  reward 
arrangements for the Company’s executive directors in the 2008 financial year and 
the remuneration policy was last updated at this point. The policy is felt to be 
appropriate for the coming financial year.

Reward elements 
Base salary 
Annual bonus 

Vodafone wishes to provide a level of remuneration which attracts, retains and 
motivates executive directors of the highest calibre. To maximise the effectiveness 
of the remuneration policy, careful consideration will be given to aligning the 
remuneration package with shareholder interests and best practice.

Long term incentive plan 
Investment opportunity 

Changes to plans for the 2010 financial year 
The table below sets out any changes to the individual elements of the reward 
package for the 2010 financial year:

2010 financial year
No change to the benchmarking policy
The previous 10% weighting on ‘total  
communications revenue’ is replaced  
with a 10% increase in the free cash  
flow weighting
No change to the plan design 
 No changes to the level of investment 
an individual may make

The aim is to target an appropriate level of remuneration for managing the 
business in line with the strategy. There will be the opportunity for executive 
directors to achieve significant upside for truly exceptional performance. 

In setting total remuneration, the Remuneration Committee will consider a 
relevant group of comparators, which will be selected on the basis of the role 
being considered. Typically, no more than three reference points will be used. 
These  will  be  as  follows:  top  European  companies,  top  UK  companies  and, 
particularly for scarce skills, the relevant market in question. 

These comparators reflect the fact that currently the majority of the business is 
in Europe, the Company’s primary listing is in the UK and that the Remuneration 
Committee is aware that, in some markets, the competition is tough for the very 
best talent.

A high proportion of total remuneration will be awarded through short term and 
long term performance related remuneration. The Remuneration Committee 
believes that incorporating and setting appropriate performance measures and 
targets in the package is paramount – this will be reflected in an appropriate 
balance of operational and equity performance.

Finally, to fully embed the link to shareholder alignment, all executive directors 
are  expected  to  comply  with  the  rigorous  and  stretching  share  ownership 
requirements set by the Remuneration Committee. 

Setting remuneration levels
The Chief Executive’s remuneration package is benchmarked by reference to total 
data for the base salary, annual bonus and long term incentive levels combined. The 
principal comparator group (used for benchmarking only) is made up of 28 top 
European companies excluding any in the financial services sector.

When undertaking the benchmarking process the Remuneration Committee makes 
assumptions that individuals will invest their own money into the long term incentive 
plan. This means that individuals will need to make a significant investment in order 
to achieve a market competitive level of remuneration. The table below assumes that 
an investment equal to two times base salary is made.

Chief Executive’s overall reward package for the 2010 financial year
The table below shows the estimated values of the elements to be granted in the 
2010 financial year. These are not what the Chief Executive will actually receive, 
which will be based on the relevant performance. For the actual payouts in the 2010 
financial year please see the table on page 61.

Base 
Bonus 

GLTI base award 
Maximum GLTI matching award

Pension

2010 financial year 
estimated value

0 

2,000 

4,000 

6,000

Estimated values assuming an investment of two times base salary £’000

Comparison of the ratio of fixed pay to variable pay
The base salary and pension contributions to executives are considered to be fixed 
levels of remuneration. The annual bonus and the long term incentive awards are 
variable, i.e. the actual value the executive receives will depend on the performance 
of the Company.

The variable elements make up between 70% and 80% of executive directors’ 
remuneration depending on the level of co-investment made. 

Remuneration package
The Remuneration Committee remains satisfied that the structure is aligned to 
shareholder value and is appropriately linked to business strategy. In light of this and 
the external market, the Committee determined that the overall structure of the 
package should remain unchanged for the 2010 financial year. Changes to the 
individual elements of the package are set out below.

Summary of key reward philosophies
Link to business strategy
•	

•	

The annual bonus continues to support the short term operational performance 
of the business by measuring against the business fundamentals of revenue, 
profit, cash flow and customer satisfaction.
The long term incentive measures performance against: 
 –

free cash flow, which is believed to be the single most important operational  
measure; and 
total shareholder return (‘TSR’) relative to Vodafone’s key competitors.

 –

Shareholder alignment
•	

The executives are required to meet stretching share ownership requirements, 
which are supported by the opportunity to invest into the long term incentive plan.
The performance conditions on the long term incentive plan are there to underpin 
shareholder value creation. 

•	

58    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
 
 
Governance

The remuneration package 
The table below summarises the plans used to reward the executive directors in the 2009 financial year.

Base salary

Annual bonus
Group short term incentive 
plan (‘GSTIP’)(1) 

Summary

Grant policy

•	

•	

Set by the Remuneration Committee as part of the overall benchmarking 
process (see previous page). 
Benchmark assumed to be the market level for the role.

•	

Base salaries set annually on 1 July.

•	

•	

•	

•	

Bonus levels reviewed annually. Mix of 
performance measures and the performance 
targets also reviewed.
Annual bonus paid in cash in June each year for 
performance over the previous financial year.
Target bonus is 100% of base salary earned over 
the financial year.
Maximum bonus is 200% of base salary earned 
and is only paid out for exceptional performance.

 Remuneration Committee reviews performance against targets over the 
financial year. Actual results measured against the budget set at the start of 
the year.
Summary of the plan in the 2009 financial year
 •	 2009 performance measures:

 –

 –

 –

Three key financial measures: operating profit (25%), service revenue 
(25%) and free cash flow (25%);
Total communications revenue (10%) – this measure has been used to 
promote the new business area set out in the May 2006 strategy; and
Customer delight (15%) – customer satisfaction is a key component in the 
Group’s success.

Changes for the 2010 financial year
 •	 Performance measures for the 2010 financial year:

 –

 –

 –

 –

Total communications’ now embedded in the Group’s strategy and no 
longer requires particular promotion, therefore it has been removed;
Free cash flow continues to be a key measure for the business and has an 
increased weighting; 
Split of measures for the 2010 financial year: operating profit (25%), service 
revenue (25%), free cash flow (35%) and customer delight (15%); and 
These measures relate to the business strategy of capital discipline, cost 
control and pursuing growth opportunities.

Long term incentives (details on page 60)
Global long term incentive 
plan (‘GLTI’) base awards

•	
•	

Long term incentive all delivered in performance shares.
No share option awards or deferred bonus awards made in the 2009 
financial year and the Remuneration Committee does not foresee using 
these arrangements in the immediate future.
Base award has vesting period of three years, subject to a matrix of two 
performance measures over this period: 
 –
 –
Performance details set out in more detail on page 60.

Firstly, an operational performance measure (free cash flow); and
Secondly, an equity performance multiplier (relative TSR).

Individuals may purchase Vodafone shares and hold them in trust for 
three years in order to receive additional performance shares in the form 
of a GLTI matching award.
Matching awards made under the GLTI plan have the same 
performance measures as the base award.
Matching award used to encourage increased share ownership and 
supports the share ownership requirements set out below.

•	
•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

Base award set annually and made in June/July.
The Chief Executive’s base award will have a 
target face value of 137.5% of base salary 
(maximum 550%) in July 2009. 
The Chief Financial Officer’s base award will have 
a target face value of 110% of base salary 
(maximum 440%) in July 2009.

Matching award made annually in June in line with 
the investment made.
Executive directors can co-invest up to two times 
net base salary.
Matching award will have a face value equal to 
50% of the equivalent multiple of gross basic 
salary invested.

Option to co-invest into the GLTI plan designed to encourage executives 
to meet their share ownership requirements.
Ownership against the requirements must be met after five years. 
Progress towards this requirement reviewed by the Remuneration 
Committee before granting long term awards. 

•	

•	

The Chief Executive is required to hold four times 
base salary.
Other executive directors are required to hold 
three times base salary.

The Chief Financial Officer is a member of the UK defined benefit scheme 
for pensionable salary up to the scheme cap of £110,000. Details of this 
are set out in the pensions table on page 63. He receives the cash 
allowance set out below on pensionable salary over the scheme cap.

•	
•	

Plan closed to new entrants.
The Chief Financial Officer is the only executive 
director to receive this benefit.

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	
•	

•	

•	

The pension contribution or cash allowance is available for the executives 
to make provisions for their retirement.

•	

30% of basic salary taken either as a cash 
payment or a pension contribution. 

•	
•	
•	

Company car or cash allowance worth £19,200 per annum.
Private medical insurance.
Chauffeur services, where appropriate, to assist with their role.

  •	 Benefits reviewed from time to time.

Co-investment 
matching awards

Share ownership
requirements

Other remuneration
Defined benefit pension

Defined contribution 
pension/cash allowance

Benefits

Note:
(1)   GSTIP targets are not disclosed as they are commercially sensitive.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    59

Directors’ remuneration continued

Details of the GLTI performance shares
The number of shares vesting depends on the performance of two measures: free cash flow and relative TSR. This section sets out how the performance of each of the two 
measures is calculated.

Underlying operational performance – adjusted free cash flow
The free cash flow performance is based on a three year cumulative adjusted free cash flow figure. The definition of adjusted free cash flow is reported free cash 
flow excluding:

•	
•	
•	
•	

Verizon Wireless additional distributions;
Spectrum (licence) costs;
Foreign exchange movements over the performance period; and
Material one-off tax settlements.

The cumulative adjusted free cash flow target and range for awards in the 2009 and 2010 financial years are set out in the table below:

Performance 
Threshold 
Target 
Superior 
Maximum 

2009 
Vesting 
percentage 
50% 
100% 
150% 
200% 

£bn 
15.5 
17.5 
18.5 
19.5 

2010
Vesting 
percentage
50%
100%
150%
200%

£bn 
15.50 
18.00 
19.25 
20.50 

The target free cash flow level is set by reference to the Company’s three year plan and market expectations. The Remuneration Committee consider the 2009 and 2010 
targets to be stretching ones.

TSR out-performance of a peer group median
Vodafone has a limited number of appropriate peers and this makes the measurement of a relative ranking system volatile. As such, the out-performance of the median of 
a peer group is felt to be the most appropriate TSR measure. The peer group for the performance condition is as follows:

2009 financial year 
BT Group 
Deutsche Telekom 
France Telecom 
Telecom Italia 
Telefonica 
Emerging market composite(1) 

2010 financial year
BT Group
Deutsche Telekom
France Telecom
Telecom Italia
Telefonica
Emerging market composite(1)

Note:
(1)  Consists of the average TSR performance of three companies: Bharti, MTN and Turkcell.

The relative TSR position will determine the performance multiplier. This will be applied to the free cash flow vesting percentage. There will be no multiplier until TSR 
performance exceeds median. Above median the following table will apply (with linear interpolation between points): 

2009 

2010 

Out-  
   performance 
   of peer group  
median 

Out- 
   performance 
   of peer group 
median 

Multiplier 
0.0% p.a.  No increase 
1.5 times 
4.5% p.a. 
2.0 times 
9.0% p.a. 

Multiplier
0.0% p.a.  No increase
1.5 times
4.5% p.a. 
2.0 times
9.0% p.a. 

   Up to Median 
50% 
100% 
150% 
200% 

TSR performance
80th
100%
200%
300%
400%

65th  
75% 
150% 
225% 
300% 

Median 
65th percentile 
80th percentile (upper quintile) 

The performance measure has been calibrated using statistical techniques.

Combined vesting matrix
The combination of the two performance measures gives a combined vesting matrix as follows: 

Free cash flow measure 
Threshold 
Target 
Superior 
Maximum 

The combined vesting percentages are applied to the target number of shares granted.

60    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Governance

Awards made to executive directors during the 2009 financial year

Reward elements

Base salary

Annual bonus

Long term incentive plan

Investment opportunity

Vittorio Colao

Andy Halford

Vittorio’s base salary was increased from £840,000 
to £975,000 when he was promoted to Group Chief 
Executive on 29 July 2008.

Andy’s base salary was increased from £642,000 to £674,100 
on 1 July 2008.

The target bonus was £932,452 and the maximum bonus 
was £1,864,904.

The target bonus was £666,075 and the maximum bonus 
was £1,332,150.

In July 2008, the base award for the Chief Executive had 
a face value of 137.5% of base salary at target.

In July 2008, the base award for the Chief Financial Officer 
had a face value of 110% of base salary at target.

Vittorio invested the maximum possible into the GLTI plan 
(866,086 shares) and therefore received a matching award 
with a face value of 100% base salary at target.

Andy invested the maximum possible into the GLTI plan 
(565,703 shares) and therefore received a matching award 
with a face value of 100% base salary at target.

Arun Sarin
Arun stepped down from the Board on 29 July 2008, and later retired from the business on 28 February 2009. He was available for consultation during this period, over 
which, Arun received a nominal base salary of £1 and no bonus or new GLTI grant in July 2008. On retirement, Arun’s long term incentive awards vested on a pro-rated basis 
(for both time and performance). Arun also had a contractual entitlement to £500,000 in connection with relocation to the US.

Amounts executive directors will actually receive in the 2010 financial year
As previously explained, a very large percentage of the executive directors’ package is made up of variable pay subject to performance. The information below explains 
what the executive directors who were on the Board on 31 March 2009 will actually receive from awards made previously with performance conditions which ended on 
31 March 2009, but that will vest in the 2010 financial year.

The executive directors 2008/09 GSTIP is payable in June 2009. Later in 2009, the matching shares from the 2007 deferred share bonus arrangement will vest, as will the 
GLTI share options granted in 2006. The threshold relative TSR performance target for the 2006 GLTI performance shares was not met and, as such, no shares will vest from 
this award. In all cases performance was determined as at 31 March 2009 year end. These figures are set out in the table below (only the 2008/09 GSTIP payment is included 
in the audited section towards the end of the directors’ remuneration report).

Base salary
Base salary set in July 2008 (no base salary increase in July 2009)(1)  
GSTIP (Annual bonus)(2)
Target (100% of base salary earned over 2009) 
Percentage of target achieved for the 2009 financial year  
Actual bonus payout in June 2009  
Deferred share bonus
Number of matching shares awarded in June 2007    
Vesting percentage based on two year cumulative free cash flow  
Matching shares vesting in June 2009  
GLTI share options
Exercise price  
GLTI share options awarded in July 2006(3)  
Vesting percentage based on three year earnings per share (‘EPS’) growth  
GLTI share options vesting in 2009  
GLTI performance shares
GLTI performance share awarded in July 2006(3)  
Vesting percentage based on relative TSR  
GLTI performance shares vesting in 2009  

Notes:
(1)  Michel Combes and Steve Pusey have been appointed as directors with effect from 1 June 2009 and their base salaries are £740,000 and £500,000 respectively.
(2) More information on key performance indicators, against which Group performance is measured, can be found in “Key performance indicators” on page 24.
(3)  Vittorio Colao’s 2006 awards were granted after joining in October 2006.

   Vittorio Colao  Andy Halford

   £975,000   £674,100

 £932,452   £666,075
97.6%
   £881,257   £650,089

94.5%  

153,671  
100% 
153,671 

275,820
100%
275,820

135.5p  

115.25p
   3,472,975   3,062,396
100%
   3,472,975   3,062,396

100%  

   1,073,465 
0% 
nil 

946,558
0%
nil

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    61

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Directors’ remuneration continued

Other considerations
Service contracts of executive directors
The Remuneration Committee has determined that, after an initial term of up to two 
years’ duration, executive directors’ contracts should thereafter have rolling terms 
and be terminable on no more than one year’s notice.

Dilution
All awards are made under plans that incorporate dilution limits as set out in the 
guidelines for share incentive schemes published by the Association of British 
Insurers. The current estimated dilution from subsisting awards, including executive 
and all-employee share awards, is approximately 3.3% of the Company’s share capital 
at 31 March 2009 (3.0% at 31 March 2008). 

All  current  executive  directors’  contracts  have  an  indefinite  term  (to  normal 
retirement date) and one year notice periods. No payments should normally be 
payable on termination other than the salary due for the notice period and such 
entitlements under incentive plans and benefits that are consistent with the terms 
of such plans.

Funding
A mixture of newly issued shares, treasury shares and shares purchased in the market 
by the employee benefit trust is used to satisfy share-based awards. This policy is 
kept under review.

Vittorio Colao 
Andy Halford 

Date of  
service agreement 
27 May 2008 
20 May 2005 

   Notice period
   12 months
   12 months

Michel Combes and Steve Pusey, who have been appointed to the Board with effect 
from 1 June 2009, will have service contracts which have a 12 month notice period.

Fees retained for external non-executive directorships
Executive  directors  may  hold  positions  in  other  companies  as  non-executive 
directors. In the 2009 financial year, Arun Sarin was the only executive director with 
such a position, held at the Bank of England. He retained fees of £6,000 in relation 
to this position over the full financial year. Fees were retained in accordance with 
Group policy.

Cascade to senior management 
The principles of the policy are cascaded, where appropriate, to the other members 
of the Executive Committee as set out below.

Cascade of policy to Executive Committee – 2009 financial year
Total remuneration and base salary 
Methodology consistent with the executive directors.
Annual bonus
The annual bonus is based on the same measures. However, in some 
circumstances these are measured within a region or business area rather than 
across the whole Group. 
Long term incentive
The long term incentive is consistent with the executive directors, including 
the opportunity to invest in the GLTI to receive matching awards. In addition,  
Executive Committee members have a share ownership requirement of two  
times base salary.

Other matters
The share incentive plan and the co-investment into the GLTI plan include restrictions 
on the transfer of shares while the shares are subject to the plan. Where, under an 
employee share plan operated by the Company, participants are the beneficial 
owners of the shares, but not the registered owner, the voting rights are normally 
exercised by the registered owner at the discretion of the participant.

All of the Company’s share plans contain provisions relating to a change of control. 
Outstanding awards and options would normally vest and become exercisable on a 
change of control, subject to the satisfaction of any performance conditions at 
that time.

TSR performance
The  following  chart  shows  the  performance  of  the  Company  relative  to  the 
FTSE100 index.

Five year historical TSR performance growth in the value of a hypothetical £100 
holding over five years. FTSE 100 and FTSE Global Telecoms comparison based 
on spot values

175

150

125

100

75

March 2004

March 2005

March 2006

March 2007

March 2008

March 2009

Key:  ― FTSE 100   ― Vodafone Group   ― FTSE Global Telecoms

All-employee share plans
The executive directors are also eligible to participate in the all-employee plans.

Graph provided by Towers Perrin and calculated according to a methodology that is 
compliant with the requirements of Schedule 7A of the Companies Act 1985
Data Sources: FTSE and Datastream.

Note: Performance of the Company shown by the graph is not indicative of vesting levels under the 
Company’s various incentive plans.

Summary of plans
Global allshare plan
The Remuneration Committee approved a grant of 290 shares to be made 
on 1 July 2008 to a significant number of permanent employees. The shares 
awarded vest after two years.
Sharesave
The Vodafone Group 2008 sharesave plan is an HM Revenue & Customs  
(‘HMRC’) approved scheme open to all permanently employed UK staff.  
Options under the plan are granted at up to a 20% discount to market value. 
Executive directors’ participation is included in the option table on page 65.
Share incentive plan
The Vodafone share incentive plan is an HMRC approved plan open to all staff 
permanently employed by a Vodafone Company in the UK. Participants may 
contribute up to a maximum of £125 per month, which the trustee of the plan  
uses to buy shares on their behalf. An equivalent number of shares are purchased 
with contributions from the employing company. UK based executive directors are 
eligible to participate.

62    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
 
 
 
Governance

Audited information for executive directors
Remuneration for the year ended 31 March 2009
The remuneration of executive directors receiving remuneration during the year ended 31 March 2009 was as follows:

Chief Executive

Vittorio Colao 

Other executive directors

Andy Halford 

Former Chief Executive

Arun Sarin 

Total  

   Salary/fees 
2008 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

Incentive 
schemes(1) 
2008 
£’000 

Cash in  
  lieu of pension 
2008 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

  Benefits/other(2) 

2009 
£’000 

2008 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

Total
2008 
£’000

932 

666 

830 

632 

881 

1,291 

650 

1,027 

436 
2,034 

1,310 
2,772 

434 
1,965 

2,130 
4,448 

280 

167 

– 
447 

249 

156 

– 
405 

171 

25 

553 
749 

594 

2,264 

2,964

31 

1,508 

1,846

155 
780 

1,423 
5,195 

3,595
8,405

Notes:
(1)    These figures are the cash payouts from the 2009 financial year Vodafone Group short term incentive plan applicable to the year ended 31 March 2009. These awards are in relation to the performance 

against targets in adjusted operating profit, service revenue, free cash flow, total communications revenue and customer delight for the financial year ended 31 March 2009.

(2)  Includes £500,000 in respect of relocation for Arun Sarin (see page 61).

The aggregate remuneration paid by the Company to its collective senior management(1) for services for the year ended 31 March 2009, is set out below. The aggregate 
number of senior management at 31 March 2009 was ten, three greater than at 31 March 2008.

Salaries and fees 
Incentive schemes(2) 
Cash in lieu of pension 
Benefits/other 
Total 

2009 
£’000 
3,896 
2,984 
399 
2,949 
10,228 

2008 
£’000
3,255
4,964
279
1,713
10,211

Notes:
(1)   Aggregate remuneration for senior management is in respect of those individuals who were members of the Executive Committee during the year ended 31 March 2009, other than executive directors, 

and reflects compensation paid from either 1 April 2008 or date of appointment to the Executive Committee, to 31 March 2009 or date of leaving, where applicable.

(2)  Comprises the incentive scheme information for senior management on an equivalent basis to that disclosed for directors in the table at the top of this page. Details of share incentives awarded to 

directors and senior management are included in footnotes to “Long term incentives” on page 65.

Pensions
Arun Sarin was provided with a defined contribution pension arrangement to which the Company contributed 30% of base salary. Vittorio Colao has elected to take a cash 
allowance of 30% of base salary in lieu of pension contributions. 

Andy Halford is a contributing member of the Vodafone Group Pension Scheme, a UK defined benefit scheme approved by HMRC. The scheme provides a benefit of two-
thirds of pensionable salary after a minimum of 20 years’ service. The normal retirement age is 60 but directors may retire from age 55 with a pension proportionately reduced 
to account for their shorter service, but with no actuarial reduction. Andy’s pensionable salary is capped in line with the Vodafone Group pension scheme rules at £110,000. 
Andy has elected to take a cash allowance of 30% of base salary in lieu of pension contributions on salary above the scheme cap. Liabilities in respect of the pension schemes 
in which the executive directors participate are funded to the extent described in note 26 to the consolidated financial statements.

All the individuals referred to above are provided benefits in the event of death in service. They also have an entitlement under a long term disability plan from which two-
thirds of base salary, up to a maximum benefit determined by the insurer, would be provided until normal retirement date.

Pension benefits earned by the directors serving during the year ended 31 March 2009 were:

Vittorio Colao 
Andy Halford 
Arun Sarin 

   Total accrued  
benefit at 31 
March 2009(1) 

£’000 
– 
24.3 
– 

Change in 
accrued 
benefit over 

Transfer 
value at 31 

Transfer 
value at 31 

Change in 
transfer value 
over year less 
member 
the year(1)  March 2009(2)  March 2008(2)  contributions 
£’000 
– 
223.4 
– 

£’000 
– 
543.6 
– 

£’000 
– 
316.4 
– 

£’000 
– 
3.7 
– 

Change in 
accrued 
benefit in 
excess of 
inflation 
£’000 
– 
2.6 
– 

   Transfer value 
of change in 
accrued 
benefit net of 
member 
contributions 
£’000 
– 
55.1 
– 

Employer 
allocation/ 
contribution 
to defined 
contribution 

plans(3)  
£’000
–
–
131

Notes:
(1)   The accrued pension benefits earned by the directors are those which would be paid annually on retirement, based on service to the end of the year, at the normal retirement age. The increase in 

accrued pension excludes any increase for inflation.

(2)  The transfer values have been calculated on the basis of actuarial advice in accordance with the Faculty and Institute of Actuaries’ Guidance Note GN11. No director elected to pay additional voluntary 

contributions. The transfer values disclosed above do not represent a sum paid or payable to the individual director. Instead they represent a potential liability of the pension scheme.

(3)   Arun Sarin’s pension contributions were accrued in an unfunded defined contribution arrangement. This gives rise to a liability held on the consolidated balance sheet.

In respect of senior management, the Group has made aggregate contributions of £581,000 into defined contribution pension schemes and had a total service cost of 
£389,000 for defined pension liabilities. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    63

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
Directors’ remuneration continued

Directors’ interests in the shares of the Company
Historic medium term incentives
This table shows conditional awards of ordinary shares made in prior periods to executive directors under the deferred share bonus (‘DSB’). Shares which vested during the 
year ended 31 March 2009 are also shown below.

Vittorio Colao 
Andy Halford 
Arun Sarin(5) 
Total 

Total interest 
in DSB at 
1 April 2008 
Number  
of shares 
153,671 
516,660 
1,212,278 
1,882,609 

Shares forfeited 
during the year in respect 
of the 2007 and  
2008 financial years 
Number  
of shares 
– 
– 
(24,708) 
(24,708) 

Shares vested  
during the year in respect  
of the 2007 and 2008 

financial years(1)(2) 

Number 
of shares 
– 
(240,840) 
(1,187,570) 
(1,428,410) 

Total interest in DSB
at 31 March 2009
Number  Total value(4) 
of shares(3) 
153,671 
275,820 
– 
429,491 

£’000
189
339
–
528

Notes:
(1)   The shares vesting gave rise to cash payments equal to the equivalent value of dividends over the vesting period. These cash payments equated to £146,000 for Arun Sarin and £34,000 for 

Andy Halford.

(2)   Shares granted on 15 June 2006 vested on 15 June 2008. The closing mid-market share prices at these dates were 116.0 pence and 153.1 pence, respectively. The performance condition on these 

awards was a two year cumulative EPS growth of 11% to 15%, which was met in full.

(3)   There is one outstanding award in respect of the 2008 financial year, which has a performance period ended on 31 March 2009. The performance condition for this award was a requirement to achieve 

85% of the cumulative planned free cash flow target for the 2008 and 2009 financial years.

(4)   The total value is calculated using the closing mid-market share price as at 31 March 2009 of 122.75p.
(5)   In addition to the award that vested on 15 June 2008 noted in 3, a proportion of Arun Sarin’s 15 June 2007 grant vested at the point that he retired on 28 February 2009 (a total of 568,266 shares). 
The performance condition for this award was a requirement to achieve 85% of the cumulative planned free cash flow target for the 2008 and 2009 financial years. The award vested after pro-rating 
for time and performance. The closing mid-market share price on the award date was 163.2 pence and the equivalent price at the point of vesting was 125.2 pence.

No shares were awarded during the year under the deferred share bonus to any of the Company’s directors or senior management.

Long term incentives
Performance shares
Conditional awards of ordinary shares made to executive directors under the Vodafone Group Plc 1999 Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (‘LTSIP’) and the Vodafone Global 
Incentive Plan (‘GIP’) are shown below. Long term incentive shares that vested during the year ended 31 March 2009 are also shown below.

Total interest  
in performance 
shares at 
1 April 2008  
or date of 
 appointment 

Shares 
forfeited in  
respect of awards 
for the 2006, 

Shares vested 
in respect 
of awards 
for the 2006, 

2007 and 2008  2007 and 2008  Total interest in performance 
shares at 31 March 2009
 financial years 

financial years 

Shares conditionally 
awarded during the 
2009 financial year 
   Value at date 

Number 
of shares 
2,630,874 
2,676,838 
7,291,372 

Number 
of shares 
7,127,741 
4,357,399 
– 
12,599,084  11,485,140 

of award(1)  
£’000 
9,262 
5,662 
– 
14,924 

Number 
Number 
Number 
of shares(3) 
of shares(2) 
of shares(2) 
9,758,615 
– 
– 
6,494,262 
(215,990) 
(323,985) 
(3,381,994) 
– 
(3,909,378) 
(3,705,979)  (4,125,368)  16,252,877 

Total value(4) 

£’000
11,979
7,972
–
19,951

Vittorio Colao 
Andy Halford 
Arun Sarin(5)(6) 
Total 

Notes:
(1)   The value of awards granted during the year under the Vodafone global incentive plan is based on the price of the Company’s ordinary shares on 28 July 2008 (the date of grant) of 129.95 pence. 

These awards have a performance period running from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2011. The performance conditions are detailed on page 59. The vesting date will be in July 2011.

(2)  Shares granted on 26 July 2005 vested on 26 July 2008. The award was made using the closing mid-market share price of 145.25 pence on 25 July 2005. The equivalent share price on the vesting date 
was 132.9 pence. The performance condition on these awards was a relative total shareholder return measure against the companies making up the FTSE global telecommunications index at the start 
of the performance period. This condition was met in part.

(3)   The total interest at 31 March 2009 includes awards over three different performance periods ending on 31 March 2009, 31 March 2010 and 31 March 2011. The performance conditions ending on 
31 March 2009 and 31 March 2010 are in line with those for Arun Sarin set out in footnote 5 below. The performance condition for the award vesting in July 2009 is detailed on page 60 of this report.

(4)  The total value is calculated using the closing mid-market share price as at 31 March 2009 of 122.75p.
(5)    In addition to the award that vested on 26 July 2008 noted above, a proportion of Arun Sarin’s 25 July 2006 and 24 July 2007 grants vested at the point that he retired on 28 February 2009 (a total of 
3,222,530 shares). The performance conditions for these awards were relative total shareholder return measures against companies from the FTSE global telecommunications index taken at the 
start of each performance period. The award vested after pro-rating for time and performance. The share price used for the July 2006 award was 115.25 pence and for the July 2007 award 167.8 pence. 
The closing mid-market price at the point of vesting was 125.2 pence.

(6)   The shares that vested for Arun Sarin on 28 February 2009 gave rise to a cash payment equal to the equivalent value of dividends over the vesting period. The cash payment equated to £418,000.

The aggregate number of shares conditionally awarded during the year to the Company’s senior management is 20,509,280 shares. For a description of the performance 
and vesting conditions see “GLTI performance shares” on page 60.

64    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Governance

Share options
No options have been granted to directors during the 2009 financial year. The following information summarises the directors’ options under the Vodafone Group 1998 
Sharesave Scheme, the Vodafone Group 1998 Company Share Option Scheme (‘CSOS’), the LTSIP and the GIP. HMRC approved awards may be made under all of the schemes 
above. The table also summarises the directors’ options under the Vodafone Group 1998 Executive Share Option Scheme (‘ESOS’), which is not HMRC approved. No other 
directors have options under any of these schemes. 

In the past, options under the Vodafone Group 1998 Sharesave Scheme were granted at a discount of 20% to the market value of the shares and options under the 
Vodafone Group 2008 Sharesave scheme may be granted at a discount of 20% to the market value of the shares at the time of the grant. No other options may be granted 
at a discount.

Options 
exercised 
during the 

Options 
lapsed 
during the 
At  2009 financial  2009 financial 
year 
Number 

Number 

Options 
held at 
year   31 March 2009  
Number 

Grant 
date(1)(2) 

1 April 2008 
Number 

November 2006 
July 2007 

3,472,975 
3,003,575 
   6,476,550 

July 1999 
July 1999 
July 2000 
July 2000 
July 2001 
July 2002 
July 2003 
July 2004 
July 2005 
July 2006 
July 2006 
July 2007 

11,500 
114,000 
200 
66,700 
152,400 
94,444 
233,333 
226,808 
1,796,003 
3,062,396 
10,202 
2,295,589 
   8,063,575 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

3,472,975 
– 
– 
3,003,575 
–  6,476,550 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

11,500 
114,000 
200 
66,700 
152,400 
94,444 
233,333 
226,808 
(504,677)  1,291,326 
3,062,396 
10,202 
2,295,589 
(504,677)  7,558,898 

– 
– 
– 

Option  
price 
Pence(3) 

 Date from 
which 
exercisable 

Expiry 
date 

135.50  November 2009  November 2016 
July 2017 
167.80 

July 2010 

255.00 
July 2002 
255.00 
July 2002 
282.30 
July 2003 
282.30 
July 2003 
151.56 
July 2004 
90.00 
July 2005 
119.25 
July 2006 
119.00 
July 2007 
145.25 
July 2008 
July 2009 
115.25 
91.64  September 2009 
July 2010 
167.80 

July 2009 
July 2009 
July 2010 
July 2010 
July 2011 
July 2012 
July 2013 
July 2014 
July 2015 
July 2016 
February 2010 
July 2017 

July 2003 
July 2003 
July 2004 
July 2005 
July 2006 
July 2007 

7,379,454 
16,710 
3,536,470 
5,711,292 
8,115,350 
5,912,753 
   30,672,029 

– 
(16,710) 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
7,379,454 
– 
– 
– 
3,536,470 
(1,604,874) 
4,106,418 
7,889,923 
(225,427) 
(2,135,161)  3,777,592 
(16,710)  (3,965,462)  26,689,857 

119.25 
July 2006 
95.30  September 2008 
July 2007 
119.00 
July 2008 
145.25 
March 2009 
115.25 
March 2009 
167.80 

February 2010 
February 2009 
February 2010 
February 2010 
February 2010 
February 2010 

Realised 
gains on 
options 
exercised 
£’000

–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–
8
–
–
–
–
8

Vittorio Colao
GIP 
GIP 
Total 

Andy Halford
CSOS 
ESOS 
CSOS 
ESOS 
LTSIP 
LTSIP 
LTSIP 
LTSIP 
LTSIP 
GIP 
SAYE 
GIP 
Total 

Arun Sarin(4)
LTSIP 
SAYE(5) 
LTSIP 
LTSIP 
GIP 
GIP 
Total 

Notes:
(1)   The awards granted in July 2005 vested in July 2008. The performance condition on these awards was a cumulative EPS growth of 8% to 16% over the three year performance period to 31 March 2008. 

A proportion of the award vested in line with the level of performance achieved.

(2)  The unvested awards granted in July 2006 and July 2007 have performance periods ending on 31 March 2009 and 31 March 2010, respectively. The performance conditions for these awards are three 

year EPS growth ranges of 5% to 10% per annum and 5% to 8% per annum respectively.

(3)  The closing mid-market share price on 31 March 2009 was 122.75 pence. The highest mid-market share price during the year was 168.0 pence and the lowest price was 103.0 pence.
(4)  Arun Sarin’s July 2006 and July 2007 awards vested when he retired on 28 February 2009. The number of share options vesting was pro-rated for time and performance.
(5)  Arun exercised his SAYE options on 1 September 2008. The mid-market closing share price on 29 August 2008 was 141.05 pence.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    65

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Directors’ remuneration continued

Non-executive directors’ remuneration
The remuneration of non-executive directors is reviewed annually by the Board, 
excluding the non-executive directors. Vodafone’s policy is to pay competitively for 
the role, including consideration of the time commitment required. In this regard, the 
fees are benchmarked against a comparator group of the current FTSE 15 companies. 
Following the 2009 review, there will be no changes to the fees from 1 April 2009:

Position/role 
Chairman 
Deputy Chairman 
Non-executive director 
Chairmanship of Audit Committee 
Chairmanship of Remuneration Committee 
Chairmanship of Nominations and Governance Committee 

Fees payable (£’000s)
From  
From 
1 April 2009
1 April 2008 
560  No change
155  No change
110  No change
25  No change
20  No change
15  No change

In addition, an allowance of £6,000 is payable each time a non-Europe based non-
executive director is required to travel to attend Board and committee meetings, to 
reflect the additional time commitment involved.

Details of each non-executive director’s remuneration for the 2009 financial year are 
included in the table below.

Non-executive directors do not participate in any incentive or benefit plans. The 
Company does not provide any contribution to their pension arrangements. The 
Chairman is entitled to use of a car and a driver whenever and wherever he is providing 
his services to or representing the Company.

Chairman and non-executive directors service contracts
The Chairman, Sir John Bond, has a contract that may be terminated by either party 
on one year’s notice. The date of his letter of appointment is 5 December 2005. 

Non-executive directors, including the Deputy Chairman, are engaged on letters 
of appointment that set out their duties and responsibilities. The appointment of  
non-executive directors may be terminated without compensation. Non-executive 
directors are generally not expected to serve for a period exceeding nine years.

The terms and conditions of appointment of non-executive directors are available for 
inspection by any person at the Company’s registered office during normal business 
hours and at the AGM (for 15 minutes prior to the meeting and during the meeting).

John Buchanan 
Alan Jebson 
Samuel Jonah 
Nick Land 
Anne Lauvergeon 
Simon Murray 
Luc Vandevelde 
Anthony Watson 
Philip Yea 

Date of  
letter of appointment 
28 April 2003 
7 November 2006 
9 March 2009 
7 November 2006 
20 September 2005 
16 May 2007 
24 June 2003 
6 February 2006 
14 July 2005 

Date of 
re-election
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009
   AGM 2009

Audited information for non-executive directors serving during the year ended 31 March 2009(1): 

Chairman

Sir John Bond 
Deputy Chairman
John Buchanan 

Non-executive directors
Dr Michael Boskin 
Alan Jebson 
Nick Land 
Anne Lauvergeon 
Simon Murray 
Professor Jürgen Schrempp 
Luc Vandevelde 
Anthony Watson 
Philip Yea 

Total  

   Salary/fees 
2008 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

2009 
£’000 

Benefits 
2008 
£’000 

575 

155 

63 
146 
127 
110 
110 
37 
130 
110 
110 
1,673 

540 

145 

166 
135 
105 
105 
79 
105 
125 
105 
105 
1,715 

27 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
27 

13 

10 

12 
12 
10 
– 
– 
– 
10 
8 
– 
75 

2009 
£’000 

602 

155 

63 
146 
127 
110 
110 
37 
130 
110 
110 
1,700 

Total
2008 
£’000

553

155

178
147
115
105
79
105
135
113
105
1,790

Note:
(1)   Former Chairman, Lord MacLaurin, received consulting fees of £125,000 during the year, together with continued benefits valued at £18,500 from his previous arrangements. These arrangements 

will end in July 2009.

66    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
 
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
Beneficial interests
The beneficial interests of directors’ and their connected persons in the ordinary shares of the Company, which includes interests in the Vodafone share incentive plan, but 
which excludes interests in the Vodafone Group share option schemes, and the Vodafone Group short term or long term incentives, are shown below:

Governance

Sir John Bond 
John Buchanan 
Vittorio Colao 
Andy Halford 
Alan Jebson 
Nick Land 
Anne Lauvergeon 
Simon Murray 
Luc Vandevelde 
Anthony Watson 
Philip Yea 

18 May 2009 
237,345 
211,055 
1,046,149 
1,211,499 
75,000 
35,000 
28,936 
157,500 
72,500 
115,000 
61,250 

31 March 2009 
237,345 
211,055 
1,046,149 
1,211,095 
75,000 
35,000 
28,936 
157,500 
72,500 
115,000 
61,250 

1 April 2008 or 
date of appointment
224,926
200,009
180,063
781,826
75,000
25,000
27,125
157,500
17,500
100,000
61,250

At 31 March 2009, and during the period from 1 April 2009 to 18 May 2009, no director had any interest in the shares of any subsidiary company. Other than those individuals 
included in the table above who were Board members at 31 March 2009, members of the Group’s Executive Committee, at 31 March 2009, had an aggregate beneficial 
interest in 3,636,018 ordinary shares of the Company. At 18 May 2009, the directors had an aggregate beneficial interest in 3,251,243 ordinary shares of the Company and 
the Executive Committee members had an aggregate beneficial interest in 3,637,634 ordinary shares of the Company. However, none of the directors or the Executive 
Committee members had an individual beneficial interest amounting to greater than 1% of the Company’s ordinary shares.

Interests in share options of the Company
At 18 May 2009, there had been no change to the directors’ interests in share options from 31 March 2009 (see page 65).

Other than those individuals included in the table above, at 18 May 2009, members of the Group’s Executive Committee at that date held options for 19,282,900 ordinary 
shares at prices ranging from 91.6 pence to 291.5 pence per ordinary share, with a weighted average exercise price of 148.1 pence per ordinary share exercisable at dates 
ranging from July 2002 to July 2017.

Sir John Bond, John Buchanan, Alan Jebson, Nick Land, Anne Lauvergeon, Simon Murray, Luc Vandevelde, Anthony Watson and Philip Yea held no options at 18 May 2009.

Directors’ interests in contracts
None of the current directors had a material interest in any contract of significance to which the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings was a party during the 
financial year.

Luc Vandevelde
On behalf of the Board

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    67

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Contents

Directors’ statement of responsibility 

69

Audit report on the Company financial statements  

120

Audit report on internal controls 

70

Company financial statements of Vodafone Group Plc 

121

Notes to the Company financial statements:
122
1.   Basis of preparation 
122
2.   Significant accounting policies 
123
3.   Fixed assets 
123
4.   Debtors 
124
5.   Creditors 
124
6.   Share capital 
7.   Share-based payments 
125
8.   Reserves and reconciliation of movements in equity shareholders’ funds  125
126
9.   Equity dividends 
126
10. Contingent liabilities 

Critical accounting estimates 

Audit report on the consolidated financial statements 

Consolidated financial statements
Consolidated income statement for the years ended 31 March 
Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense for  
the years ended 31 March 
Consolidated balance sheet at 31 March 
Consolidated cash flow statement for the years ended 31 March 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements:
1.   Basis of preparation 
2.   Significant accounting policies 
3.   Segment analysis 
4.   Operating profit/(loss) 
5.   Investment income and financing costs 
6.   Taxation 
7.   Equity dividends 
8.   Earnings/(loss) per share 
9.   Intangible assets 
10.  Impairment 
11.  Property, plant and equipment 
12.  Principal subsidiary undertakings 
13.  Investments in joint ventures 
14.  Investments in associated undertakings 
15.  Other investments 
16.  Inventory 
17.  Trade and other receivables 
18.  Cash and cash equivalents 
19.  Called up share capital 
20.  Share-based payments 
21.  Transactions with equity shareholders 
22.  Movements in accumulated other recognised income and expense 
23. Movements in retained losses 
24.  Capital and financial risk management 
25. Borrowings 
26. Post employment benefits 
27.  Provisions  
28. Trade and other payables 
29.  Acquisitions 
30.  Disposals and discontinued operations 
31.  Reconciliation of net cash flows from operating activities 
32. Commitments 
33. Contingent liabilities 
34. Directors and key management compensation 
35. Related party transactions 
36.  Employees 
37.  Subsequent events 
38. New accounting standards 
39. Change in accounting policy 

71

73

74

74
75
76

77
77
82
84
85
86
88
88
89
90
93
94
95
96
96
97
97
98
98
99
101
101
101
102
104
108
110
110
111
112
113
114
114
116
116
117
117
118
119

68    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Directors’ statement of responsibility

Financials

Financial statements and accounting records
Company law of England and Wales requires the directors to prepare financial 
statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs 
of the Company and of the Group at the end of the financial year and of the profit or 
loss of the Group for that period. In preparing those financial statements, the directors 
are required to:

•	
•	
•	

•	

•	

select suitable accounting policies and apply them consistently;
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state whether the consolidated financial statements have been prepared in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) as adopted 
for use in the EU; 
state for the Company financial statements whether applicable UK accounting 
standards have been followed; and
prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis unless it is inappropriate
to presume that the Company and the Group will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose 
with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and of 
the Group and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with 
the Companies Act 1985 and Article 4 of the EU IAS Regulation. They are also 
responsible for the system of internal control, for safeguarding the assets of the 
Company and the Group and, hence, for taking reasonable steps for the prevention 
and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Directors’ responsibility statement
The Board confirms to the best of its knowledge:

•	

•	

the consolidated financial statements, prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued 
by the International Accounting Standards Board (‘IASB’) and IFRS as adopted by 
the EU, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit 
or loss of the Group; and
the directors’ report includes a fair review of the development and performance 
of the business and the position of the Group, together with a description of the 
principal risks and uncertainties that it faces.

Neither the Company nor the directors accept any liability to any person in relation 
to the annual report except to the extent that such liability could arise under English 
law. Accordingly, any liability to a person who has demonstrated reliance on any 
untrue or misleading statement or omission shall be determined in accordance with 
section 90A of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.

Disclosure of information to auditors
Having made the requisite enquiries, so far as the directors are aware, there is no 
relevant audit information (as defined by Section 234ZA of the Companies Act 1985) 
of which the Company’s auditors are unaware, and the directors have taken all the 
steps they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of that information.

The  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  policies  and 
procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately  and  fairly  reflect  transactions  and  dispositions  of  assets;  provide 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the EU 
and IFRS as issued by the IASB, and that receipts and expenditures are being made 
only in accordance with authorisation of management and the directors of the 
Company;  and  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely 
detection of unauthorised acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets 
that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Any internal control framework, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, 
including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the 
controls  and  procedures,  and  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk 
that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or because 
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management has assessed the effectiveness of the internal control over financial 
reporting at 31 March 2009 based on the Internal Control – Integrated Framework, 
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(‘COSO’). Based on management’s assessment, management has concluded that the 
internal control over financial reporting was effective at 31 March 2009.

Management has not evaluated the internal controls of Vodacom Group (Pty) Limited 
(‘Vodacom’),  which  is  accounted  for  using  proportionate  consolidation,  and  the 
conclusion regarding the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting does 
not extend to the internal controls of Vodacom. Management is unable to assess the 
effectiveness of internal control at Vodacom due to the fact that it does not have the 
ability to dictate or modify its controls and does not have the ability, in practice, to 
assess those controls. The Group’s proportionate interest in Vodacom’s total assets, net 
assets, revenue and profit for the year is £1,749 million, £591 million, £1,778 million and 
£198 million, respectively.

Management is not required to evaluate the internal controls of entities accounted 
for under the equity method. Accordingly, the internal controls of these entities, 
which contributed a net profit of £4,091 million (2008: £2,876 million) to the profit 
for the financial year, have not been assessed, except relating to controls over the 
recording of amounts relating to the investments that are recorded in the Group’s 
consolidated financial statements. 

During the period covered by this document, there were no changes in the Company’s 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  have  materially  affected  or  are 
reasonably likely to materially affect the effectiveness of the internal controls over 
financial reporting.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as at 31 March 2009, has 
been audited by Deloitte LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, who 
also audit the Group’s consolidated financial statements. Their audit report on 
internal controls over financial reporting is on page 70.

Going concern
After reviewing the Group’s and Company’s budget for the next financial year, and 
other longer term plans, the directors are satisfied that, at the time of approving the 
financial statements, it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing 
the  financial  statements.  Further  detail  is  included  within  liquidity  and  capital 
resources on pages 41 to 44 and notes 24 and 25 to the consolidated financial 
statements which include disclosure in relation to the Group’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; details 
of its financial instruments and hedging activities; and its exposures to credit risk and 
liquidity risk.

By Order of the Board

Stephen Scott
Secretary
19 May 2009

Management’s report on internal control 
over financial reporting
As required by section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, management is 
responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting for the Group. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    69

 
 
 
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, 
including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, 
material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a 
timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal 
control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the 
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the 
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

In our opinion, the Group maintained, in all material respects, effective internal 
control over financial reporting as of 31 March 2009, based on the criteria established 
in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company 
Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of 
the Group as of and for the year ended 31 March 2009, prepared in conformity with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’), as adopted by the European 
Union and IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Our report 
dated 19 May 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Deloitte LLP
Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors
London
United Kingdom
19 May 2009

Audit report on internal controls

Report of independent registered public accounting firm 
to the members of Vodafone Group Plc 

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Vodafone Group Plc 
and subsidiaries and applicable joint ventures (the ‘Group’) as of 31 March 2009 based 
on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. As described 
in management’s report on internal control over financial reporting, management 
excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial reporting at Vodacom 
Group (Pty) Limited (‘Vodacom’), as the Group does not have the ability to dictate, 
modify or assess the controls. The Group’s proportionate interest in Vodacom’s total 
assets, net assets, revenue and profit for the year is £1,749 million, £591 million, 
£1,778 million and £198 million, respectively. Accordingly, our audit did not include 
the internal control over financial reporting at Vodacom. Management is not required 
to evaluate the internal controls of entities accounted for under the equity method. 
Accordingly, the internal controls of these entities, which contributed a net profit 
of £4,091 million (2008: £2,876 million) to the profit (2008: profit) for the financial 
year, have not been assessed, except relating to controls over the recording of 
amounts relating to the investments that are recorded in the Group’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

The Group’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control 
over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control 
over financial reporting, included in the accompanying management’s report on 
internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on the Group’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company 
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective 
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our 
audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, 
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design 
and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. 
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide 
reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial 
reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance 
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that 
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements 
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorisations 
of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorised acquisition, use, or disposition 
of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

70    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Critical accounting estimates

Financials

The Group prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and IFRS as adopted by the 
European Union, the application of which often requires judgements to be made by 
management when formulating the Group’s financial position and results. Under 
IFRS, the directors are required to adopt those accounting policies most appropriate 
to the Group’s circumstances for the purpose of presenting fairly the Group’s financial 
position, financial performance and cash flows. 

Changing the assumptions selected by management, in particular the discount rate 
and growth rate assumptions used in the cash flow projections, could significantly 
affect the Group’s impairment evaluation and, hence, results. 

The Group’s review includes the key assumptions related to sensitivity in the cash 
flow  projections.  Further  details  are  provided  in  note  10  to  the  consolidated 
financial statements.

In determining and applying accounting policies, judgement is often required in 
respect  of  items  where  the  choice  of  specific  policy,  accounting  estimate  or 
assumption to be followed could materially affect the reported results or net asset 
position of the Group should it later be determined that a different choice would be 
more appropriate.

Management considers the accounting estimates and assumptions discussed below 
to be its critical accounting estimates and, accordingly, provides an explanation of 
each below.

The discussion below should also be read in conjunction with the Group’s disclosure 
of significant IFRS accounting policies, which is provided in note 2 to the consolidated 
financial statements, “Significant accounting policies”. 

Management  has  discussed  its  critical  accounting  estimates  and  associated 
disclosures with the Company’s Audit Committee.

Impairment reviews
IFRS requires management to undertake an annual test for impairment of indefinite 
lived assets and, for finite lived assets, to test for impairment if events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. 

Impairment  testing  is  an  area  involving  management  judgement,  requiring 
assessment as to whether the carrying value of assets can be supported by the net 
present  value  of  future  cash  flows  derived  from  such  assets  using  cash  flow 
projections which have been discounted at an appropriate rate. In calculating the net 
present value of the future cash flows, certain assumptions are required to be made 
in respect of highly uncertain matters. including management’s expectations of:

•	

•	
•	
•	

growth in EBITDA, calculated as adjusted operating profit before depreciation and 
amortisation;
timing and quantum of future capital expenditure;
long term growth rates; and
the selection of discount rates to reflect the risks involved.

The Group prepares and internally approves formal five year plans for its businesses 
and uses these as the basis for its impairment reviews. In certain markets which are 
forecast to grow ahead of the long term growth rate for the market, further years will 
be used until the forecast growth rate trends towards the long term growth rate, up 
to a maximum of ten years.

For businesses where the first five years of the ten year management plan are used 
for the Group’s value in use calculations, a long term growth rate into perpetuity has 
been determined as the lower of: 

•	
•	

the nominal GDP rates for the country of operation; and
the long term compound annual growth rate in EBITDA in years six to ten estimated 
by management.

For businesses where the full ten year management plans are used for the Group’s 
value in use calculations, a long term growth rate into perpetuity has been determined 
as the lower of: 

•	
•	

the nominal GDP rates for the country of operation; and
the  compound  annual  growth  rate  in  EBITDA  in  years  nine  to  ten  of  the 
management plan.

Revenue recognition and presentation 
Arrangements with multiple deliverables
In revenue arrangements including more than one deliverable, the deliverables are 
assigned  to  one  or  more  separate  units  of  accounting  and  the  arrangement 
consideration is allocated to each unit of accounting based on its relative fair value.

Determining the fair value of each deliverable can require complex estimates due to 
the nature of the goods and services provided. The Group generally determines the 
fair value of individual elements based on prices at which the deliverable is regularly 
sold on a standalone basis, after considering volume discounts where appropriate.

Presentation: gross versus net
When deciding the most appropriate basis for presenting revenue or costs of revenue, 
both  the  legal  form  and  substance  of  the  agreement  between  the  Group  and 
its business partners are reviewed to determine each party’s respective role in 
the transaction.

Where the Group’s role in a transaction is that of principal, revenue is recognised on 
a gross basis. This requires revenue to comprise the gross value of the transaction 
billed to the customer, after trade discounts, with any related expenditure charged 
as an operating cost.

Where the Group’s role in a transaction is that of an agent, revenue is recognised on 
a net basis, with revenue representing the margin earned.

Taxation
The Group’s tax charge on ordinary activities is the sum of the total current and deferred 
tax charges. The calculation of the Group’s total tax charge necessarily involves a degree 
of estimation and judgement in respect of certain items whose tax treatment cannot 
be finally determined until resolution has been reached with the relevant tax authority 
or, as appropriate, through a formal legal process. The final resolution of some of these 
items may give rise to material profits, losses and/or cash flows.

The complexity of the Group’s structure following its geographic expansion makes 
the degree of estimation and judgement more challenging. The resolution of issues 
is not always within the control of the Group and it is often dependent on the 
efficiency of the legal processes in the relevant taxing jurisdictions in which the 
Group operates. Issues can, and often do, take many years to resolve. Payments in 
respect of tax liabilities for an accounting period result from payments on account 
and on the final resolution of open items. As a result, there can be substantial differences 
between the tax charge in the consolidated income statement and tax payments.

Significant items on which the Group has exercised accounting judgement include a 
provision in respect of an enquiry from UK HMRC with regard to the CFC tax legislation 
(see note 33 to the consolidated financial statements), potential tax losses in respect 
of a write down in the value of investments in Germany (see note 6 to the consolidated 
financial statements) and litigation with the Indian tax authorities in relation to the 
acquisition of Vodafone Essar (see note 33 to the consolidated financial statements). 
The amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements in respect of each 
matter are derived from the Group’s best estimation and judgement, as described 
above. However, the inherent uncertainty regarding the outcome of these items 
means eventual resolution could differ from the accounting estimates and therefore 
impact the Group’s results and cash flows.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    71

 
 
Critical accounting estimates continued

Recognition of deferred tax assets
The recognition of deferred tax assets is based upon whether it is more likely than not 
that sufficient and suitable taxable profits will be available in the future, against which 
the reversal of temporary differences can be deducted. 

Recognition,  therefore,  involves  judgement  regarding  the  future  financial 
performance of the particular legal entity or tax group in which the deferred tax asset 
has been recognised.

Historical differences between forecast and actual taxable profits have not resulted 
in material adjustments to the recognition of deferred tax assets.

Goodwill
The amount of goodwill initially recognised as a result of a business combination is 
dependent on the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the identifiable 
assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. The determination of the fair value of the 
assets and liabilities is based, to a considerable extent, on management’s judgement.

Allocation of the purchase price affects the results of the Group as finite lived 
intangible assets are amortised, whereas indefinite lived intangible assets, including 
goodwill, are not amortised and could result in differing amortisation charges based 
on the allocation to indefinite lived and finite lived intangible assets.

On transition to IFRS, the Group elected not to apply IFRS 3, “Business combinations”, 
retrospectively as the difficulty in applying these requirements to the large number 
of business combinations completed by the Group from incorporation through to 
1 April 2004 exceeded any potential benefits. Goodwill arising before the date of 
transition to IFRS, after adjusting for items including the impact of proportionate 
consolidation of joint ventures, amounted to £78,753 million.

If  the  Group  had  elected  to  apply  the  accounting  for  business  combinations 
retrospectively, it may have led to an increase or decrease in goodwill and increase 
in licences, customer bases, brands and related deferred tax liabilities recognised 
on acquisition.

Finite lived intangible assets
Other  intangible  assets  include  the  Group’s  aggregate  amounts  spent  on  the 
acquisition of 2G and 3G licences, computer software, customer bases, brands and 
development costs. These assets arise from both separate purchases and from 
acquisition as part of business combinations.

On the acquisition of mobile network operators, the identifiable intangible assets 
may include licences, customer bases and brands. The fair value of these assets is 
determined by discounting estimated future net cash flows generated by the asset, 
where no active market for the assets exist. The use of different assumptions for the 
expectations of future cash flows and the discount rate would change the valuation 
of the intangible assets.

Licences and spectrum fees
The estimated useful life is, generally, the term of the licence, unless there is a 
presumption of renewal at negligible cost. Using the licence term reflects the period 
over which the Group will receive economic benefit. For technology specific licences 
with a presumption of renewal at negligible cost, the estimated useful economic life 
reflects the Group’s expectation of the period over which the Group will continue to 
receive economic benefit from the licence. The economic lives are periodically 
reviewed,  taking  into  consideration  such  factors  as  changes  in  technology. 
Historically,  any  changes  to  economic  lives  have  not  been  material  following 
these reviews.

Customer bases
The estimated useful life principally reflects management’s view of the average 
economic life of the customer base and is assessed by reference to customer churn 
rates. An increase in churn rates may lead to a reduction in the estimated useful life 
and an increase in the amortisation charge. Historically, changes to the estimated 
useful lives have not had a significant impact on the Group’s results and financial position.

Capitalised software
The useful life is determined by management at the time the software is acquired and 
brought  into  use  and  is  regularly  reviewed  for  appropriateness.  For  computer 
software licences, the useful life represents management’s view of expected benefits 
over which the Group will receive benefits from the software, but not exceeding the 
licence term. For unique software products controlled by the Group, the life is based 
on historical experience with similar products as well as anticipation of future events, 
which may impact their life, such as changes in technology. Historically, changes in 
useful lives have not resulted in material changes to the Group’s amortisation charge. 

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment also represent a significant proportion of the asset 
base of the Group, being 12.6% (2008: 13.1%) of the Group’s total assets. Therefore, 
the estimates and assumptions made to determine their carrying value and related 
depreciation are critical to the Group’s financial position and performance.

Estimation of useful life
The  charge  in  respect  of  periodic  depreciation  is  derived  after  determining  an 
estimate of an asset’s expected useful life and the expected residual value at the end 
of its life. Increasing an asset’s expected life or its residual value would result in a 
reduced depreciation charge in the consolidated income statement.

The useful lives and residual values of Group assets are determined by management 
at the time the asset is acquired and reviewed annually for appropriateness. The lives 
are based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future 
events, which may impact their life, such as changes in technology. Furthermore, 
network  infrastructure  is  only  depreciated  over  a  period  that  extends  beyond 
the  expiry  of  the  associated  licence  under  which  the  operator  provides 
telecommunications services, if there is a reasonable expectation of renewal or an 
alternative future use for the asset.

The relative size of the Group’s intangible assets, excluding goodwill, makes the 
judgements surrounding the estimated useful lives critical to the Group’s financial 
position and performance.

Historically, changes in useful lives and residual values have not resulted in material 
changes to the Group’s depreciation charge.

At 31 March 2009, intangible assets, excluding goodwill, amounted to £20,980 
million (2008: £18,995 million) and represented 13.7% (2008: 14.9%) of the Group’s 
total assets.

Estimation of useful life
The useful life used to amortise intangible assets relates to the future performance of 
the  assets  acquired  and  management’s  judgement  of  the  period  over  which 
economic benefit will be derived from the asset. The basis for determining the useful 
life for the most significant categories of intangible assets is as follows:

72    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
Audit report on the consolidated financial statements

Financials

Report of independent registered public accounting firm 
to the members of Vodafone Group Plc 
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Vodafone Group Plc 
which comprise the consolidated balance sheet at 31 March 2009 and 2008, the 
consolidated  income  statement,  the  consolidated  cash  flow  statement,  the 
consolidated statement of recognised income and expense for each of the three 
years in the period ended 31 March 2009 and the related notes numbered 1 to 39. 
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the accounting 
policies set out therein. We have also audited the information in the directors’ 
remuneration report that is described as having been audited.

We  have  reported  separately  on  the  parent  company  financial  statements  of 
Vodafone Group Plc for the year ended 31 March 2009.

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors
The  directors’  responsibilities  for  preparing  the  annual  report,  the  directors’ 
remuneration report and the consolidated financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) as adopted by 
the European Union are set out in the statement of directors’ responsibilities.

Our responsibility is to audit the consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with relevant legal and regulatory requirements and International Standards on 
Auditing (UK and Ireland). 

We report to you our opinion as to whether the consolidated financial statements 
give a true and fair view, whether the consolidated financial statements have been 
properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985 and Article 4 of the 
IAS Regulation and whether the part of the directors’ remuneration report described 
as  having  been  audited  has  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  the 
Companies Act 1985. We also report to you whether, in our opinion, the information 
given in the directors’ report is consistent with the consolidated financial statements. 

In  addition,  we  report  to  you  if  we  have  not  received  all  the  information  and 
explanations we require for our audit, or if information specified by law regarding 
directors’  transactions  with  the  Company  and  other  members  of  the  Group  is 
not disclosed.

We review whether the corporate governance statement reflects the Company’s 
compliance with the nine provisions of the 2006 Combined Code specified for our 
review by the Listing Rules of the Financial Services Authority, and we report if it does 
not. We are not required to consider whether the board’s statement on internal 
control covers all risks and controls, or form an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Group’s corporate governance procedures or its risk and control procedures.

We read the other information contained in the annual report as described in the 
contents section and consider whether it is consistent with the audited consolidated 
financial statements. We consider the implications for our report if we become aware 
of any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the consolidated 
financial statements. Our responsibilities do not extend to any further information 
outside the annual report. 

Basis of audit opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK 
and Ireland) issued by the Auditing Practices Board and with the standards of the 
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). An audit includes 
examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in 
the consolidated financial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration 
report to be audited. It also includes an assessment of the significant estimates and 
judgements made by the directors in the preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Group’s 
circumstances, consistently applied and adequately disclosed.

We  planned  and  performed  our  audit  so  as  to  obtain  all  the  information  and 
explanations which we considered necessary in order to provide us with sufficient 
evidence to give reasonable assurance that the consolidated financial statements 
and the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be audited are free from material 
misstatement, whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or error. In forming our 
opinion we also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in 
the consolidated financial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration 
report to be audited.

Opinions
UK opinion
In our opinion:

•	

•	

•	

•	

 the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view, in accordance with 
IFRS as adopted by the European Union, of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 
31 March 2009 and of its profit for the year then ended;
 the consolidated financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance 
with the Companies Act 1985 and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation; 
 the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited 
has been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985; and
 the information given in the directors’ report is consistent with the consolidated 
financial statements. 

As explained in note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Group, in addition 
to complying with its legal obligation to comply with IFRS as adopted by the European 
Union,  has  also  complied  with  IFRS  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting 
Standards Board. 

In our opinion the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view, in 
accordance with IFRS, of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 31 March 2009 and of 
its profit for the year then ended. 

US opinion
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Group at 31 March 2009 and 2008 
and the consolidated results of its operations and cash flows for each of the three 
years in the period ended 31 March 2009 in conformity with IFRS as adopted by the 
European Union and as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company 
Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Group’s internal 
control over financial reporting as at 31 March 2009, based on the criteria established 
in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Our report including our opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Group’s internal control over financial reporting is set out on 
page 70.

Deloitte LLP
Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors
London
United Kingdom
19 May 2009

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    73

 
Consolidated income statement

for the years ended 31 March

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit 
Selling and distribution expenses 
Administrative expenses 
Share of result in associated undertakings 
Impairment losses 
Other income and expense 
Operating profit/(loss) 
Non-operating income and expense 
Investment income 
Financing costs 
Profit/(loss) before taxation 
Income tax expense 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year from continuing operations 
Loss for the financial year from discontinued operations 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year 

Attributable to:
– Equity shareholders 
– Minority interests 

Basic earnings/(loss) per share

Profit/(loss) from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year 

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share

Profit/(loss) from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year 

2009 
£m 
41,017 
(25,842) 
15,175 
(2,738) 
(4,771) 
4,091 
(5,900) 
– 
5,857 
(44) 
795 
(2,419) 
4,189 
(1,109) 
3,080 
– 
3,080 

2008 
£m 
35,478 
(21,890) 
13,588 
(2,511) 
(3,878) 
2,876 
– 
(28) 
10,047 
254 
714 
(2,014) 
9,001 
(2,245) 
6,756 
– 
6,756 

Restated 
2007 
£m
31,104
(18,725)
12,379
(2,136)
(3,437)
2,728
(11,600)
502
(1,564)
4
789
(1,612)
(2,383)
(2,423)
(4,806)
(416)
(5,222)

3,078 
2 
3,080 

6,660 
96 
6,756 

(5,351)
129
(5,222)

5.84p 
– 
5.84p 

12.56p 
– 
12.56p 

5.81p 
– 
5.81p 

12.50p 
– 
12.50p 

(8.94)p
(0.76)p
(9.70)p

(8.94)p
(0.76)p
(9.70)p

Note 
3 

14 
10 
30 
4 
30 
5 
5 

6 

30 

23 

8 
8, 30 
8 

8 
8, 30 
8 

Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense

for the years ended 31 March

(Losses)/gains on revaluation of available-for-sale investments, net of tax 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations, net of tax 
Net actuarial (losses)/gains on defined benefit pension schemes, net of tax    
Revaluation gain 
Foreign exchange (gains)/losses transferred to the consolidated income statement  
Fair value gains transferred to the consolidated income statement 
Other, net of tax 
Net gain/(loss) recognised directly in equity 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year  
Total recognised income and expense relating to the year 

Attributable to:
– Equity shareholders 
– Minority interests 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Note 
22 
22 
22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

2009 
£m 
(2,383) 
12,375 
(163) 
68 
(3) 
– 
(40) 
9,854 
3,080 
12,934 

2008 
£m 
1,949 
5,537 
(37) 
– 
(7) 
(570) 
37 
6,909 
6,756 
13,665 

Restated 
2007 
£m
2,108
(3,804)
50
–
763
–
–
(883)
(5,222)
(6,105)

13,037 
(103) 
12,934 

13,912 
(247) 
13,665 

(6,210)
105
(6,105)

74    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
Consolidated balance sheet

at 31 March

Non-current assets
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investments in associated undertakings 
Other investments 
Deferred tax assets 
Post employment benefits 
Trade and other receivables 

Current assets
Inventory 
Taxation recoverable 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Equity
Called up share capital 
Share premium account 
Own shares held 
Additional paid-in capital 
Capital redemption reserve 
Accumulated other recognised income and expense 
Retained losses 
Total equity shareholders’ funds 

Minority interests 
Written put options over minority interests 
Total minority interests 

Total equity 

Non-current liabilities
Long term borrowings 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Post employment benefits 
Provisions  
Trade and other payables 

Current liabilities
Short term borrowings 
Current taxation liabilities 
Provisions  
Trade and other payables 

Total equity and liabilities 

The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of directors on 19 May 2009 and were signed on its behalf by: 

Vittorio Colao 
Chief Executive  

Andy Halford
Chief Financial Officer

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Financials

Note 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

9 
9 
11 
14 
15 
6 
26 
17 

16 

17 
18 

19 
21 
21 
21 
21 
22 
23 

25 
6 
26 
27 
28 

53,958 
20,980 
19,250 
34,715 
7,060 
630 
8 
3,069 
139,670 

412 
77 
7,662 
4,878 
13,029 
152,699 

51,336
18,995
16,735
22,545
7,367
436
65
1,067
118,546

417
57
6,551
1,699
8,724
127,270

4,153 
43,008 
(8,036) 
100,239 
10,101 
20,517 
(83,820) 
86,162 

4,182
42,934
(7,856)
100,151
10,054
10,558
(81,980)
78,043

1,787 
(3,172) 
(1,385) 

1,168
(2,740)
(1,572)

84,777 

76,471

31,749 
6,642 
240 
533 
811 
39,975 

22,662
5,109
104
306
645
28,826

25, 35 

27 
28 

9,624 
4,552 
373 
13,398 
27,947 
152,699 

4,532
5,123
356
11,962
21,973
127,270

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    75

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Consolidated cash flow statement

for the years ended 31 March

Net cash flow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of interests in subsidiary undertakings and joint ventures, net of cash acquired   
Purchase of intangible assets 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Purchase of investments 
Disposal of interests in subsidiary undertakings, net of cash disposed 
Disposal of interests in associated undertakings 
Disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Disposal of investments 
Dividends received from associated undertakings    
Dividends received from investments 
Interest received 
Net cash flow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Issue of ordinary share capital and reissue of treasury shares 
Net movement in short term borrowings 
Proceeds from issue of long term borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings 
Purchase of treasury shares 
B share capital redemption 
B share preference dividends paid 
Equity dividends paid 
Dividends paid to minority shareholders in subsidiary undertakings 
Amounts received from minority shareholders 
Interest paid 
Net cash flow from financing activities 

Net cash flow 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the financial year 
Exchange gain/(loss) on cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the financial year 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Note 
30, 31 

2009 
£m 
12,213 

2008 
£m 
10,474 

2007 
£m
10,328

(1,389) 
(1,764) 
(5,204) 
(133) 
4 
25 
317 
253 
647 
108 
302 
(6,834) 

22 
(25) 
6,181 
(2,729) 
(963) 
(15) 
− 
(4,013) 
(162) 
618 
(1,470) 
(2,556) 

(5,957) 
(846) 
(3,852) 
(96) 
− 
− 
39 
785 
873 
72 
438 
(8,544) 

310 
(716) 
1,711 
(3,847) 
− 
(7) 
− 
(3,658) 
(113) 
− 
(1,545) 
(7,865) 

(2,805)
(899)
(3,633)
(172)
6,767
3,119
34
80
791
57
526
3,865

193
953
5,150
(1,961)
(43)
(5,713)
(3,291)
(3,555)
(34)
−
(1,051)
(9,352)

2,823 

(5,935) 

4,841

1,652 
371 
4,846 

7,458 
129 
1,652 

2,932
(315)
7,458

30 

30 

18 

18 

76    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Financials

1. Basis of preparation 
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with IFRS as 
issued by the IASB. The consolidated financial statements are also prepared in 
accordance with IFRS adopted by the EU, the Companies Act 1985 and Article 4 of 
the EU IAS Regulations.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management 
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial 
statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting 
period. For a discussion on the Group’s critical accounting estimates see “Critical 
accounting estimates” on page 71. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 
The  estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis. 
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate 
is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and 
future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. 

Amounts in the consolidated financial statements are stated in pounds sterling.

Change in accounting policy
During  the  year,  the  Group  changed  its  accounting  policy  with  respect  to  the 
acquisition of minority interests in subsidiaries. Results for the years ended 31 March 
2005, 2006 and 2007 have been restated. Further details are provided in note 39 to 
the consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill arising on acquisition is recognised as an asset and initially measured at 
cost, being the excess of the cost of the business combination over the Group’s 
interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent 
liabilities recognised.

The interest of minority shareholders in the acquiree is initially measured at the 
minority’s proportion of the net fair value of the assets, liabilities and contingent 
liabilities recognised.

Where the Group increases its interest in an entity such that control is achieved, 
previously held identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquired 
entity are revalued to their fair value at the date of acquisition, being the date at which 
the Group achieves control of the acquiree. The movement in fair value is taken to 
the asset revaluation surplus.

Acquisition of interests from minority shareholders
Acquisitions of minority interests in subsidiaries are accounted for as transactions 
between shareholders. There is no remeasurement to fair value of net assets acquired 
that were previously attributable to minority shareholders.

Interests in joint ventures
A joint venture is a contractual arrangement whereby the Group and other parties 
undertake an economic activity that is subject to joint control; that is, when the 
strategic financial and operating policy decisions relating to the activities require the 
unanimous consent of the parties sharing control.

2. Significant accounting policies
Accounting convention
The consolidated financial statements are prepared on a historical cost basis except 
for certain financial and equity instruments that have been measured at fair value.

The Group reports its interests in jointly controlled entities using proportionate 
consolidation. The Group’s share of the assets, liabilities, income, expenses and cash 
flows of jointly controlled entities are combined with the equivalent items in the 
results on a line-by-line basis.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the 
Company and entities controlled, both unilaterally and jointly, by the Company.

Any goodwill arising on the acquisition of the Group’s interest in a jointly controlled 
entity is accounted for in accordance with the Group’s accounting policy for goodwill 
arising on the acquisition of a subsidiary.

Accounting for subsidiaries
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control is achieved where the 
Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so 
as to obtain benefits from its activities.

Investments in associates
An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence and that is 
neither a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the 
power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee 
but is not control or joint control over those policies.

The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the 
income statement from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of 
disposal, as appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial 
statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with those used 
by the Group.

All  intra-group  transactions,  balances,  income  and  expenses  are  eliminated 
on consolidation.

Minority  interests  in  the  net  assets  of  consolidated  subsidiaries  are  identified 
separately from the Group’s equity therein. Minority interests consist of the amount 
of those interests at the date of the original business combination and the minority’s 
share of changes in equity since the date of the combination. Losses applicable to 
the minority in excess of the minority’s share of changes in equity are allocated 
against the interests of the Group except to the extent that the minority has a 
binding obligation and is able to make an additional investment to cover the losses.

Business combinations
The acquisition of subsidiaries is accounted for using the purchase method. The cost of 
the acquisition is measured at the aggregate of the fair values, at the date of exchange, 
of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the 
Group in exchange for control of the acquiree, plus any costs directly attributable to the 
business combination. The acquiree’s identifiable assets and liabilities are recognised 
at their fair values at the acquisition date.

The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in the consolidated 
financial statements using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity 
method, investments in associates are carried in the consolidated balance sheet at 
cost as adjusted for post-acquisition changes in the Group’s share of the net assets 
of the associate, less any impairment in the value of the investment. Losses of an 
associate in excess of the Group’s interest in that associate are not recognised. 
Additional losses are provided for, and a liability is recognised, only to the extent that 
the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf 
of the associate.

Any excess of the cost of acquisition over the Group’s share of the net fair value of the 
identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the associate recognised at 
the date of acquisition is recognised as goodwill. The goodwill is included within the 
carrying amount of the investment. 

The licences of the Group’s associated undertaking in the US, Verizon Wireless, are 
indefinite lived assets as they are subject to perfunctory renewal. Accordingly, they 
are not subject to amortisation but are tested annually for impairment, or when 
indicators exist that the carrying value is not recoverable.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    77

 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

2. Significant accounting policies continued
Intangible assets
Identifiable intangible assets are recognised when the Group controls the asset, it is 
probable that future economic benefits attributed to the asset will flow to the Group 
and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.

Goodwill
Goodwill arising on the acquisition of an entity represents the excess of the cost of 
acquisition over the Group’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities of the entity recognised at the date of acquisition. 

Goodwill is initially recognised as an asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost 
less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is held in the currency of the 
acquired entity and revalued to the closing rate at each balance sheet date.

Goodwill is not subject to amortisation but is tested for impairment.

Negative  goodwill  arising  on  an  acquisition  is  recognised  directly  in  the 
income statement.

On disposal of a subsidiary or a jointly controlled entity, the attributable amount of 
goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss recognised in the 
income statement on disposal.

Goodwill arising before the date of transition to IFRS, on 1 April 2004, has been 
retained at the previous UK GAAP amounts, subject to being tested for impairment 
at that date. Goodwill written off to reserves under UK GAAP prior to 1998 has not 
been reinstated and is not included in determining any subsequent profit or loss 
on disposal.

Finite lived intangible assets
Intangible assets with finite lives are stated at acquisition or development cost, less 
accumulated amortisation. The amortisation period and method is reviewed at least 
annually. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption 
of future economic benefits embodied in the asset is accounted for by changing the 
amortisation  period  or  method,  as  appropriate,  and  are  treated  as  changes  in 
accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives 
is recognised in profit or loss in the expense category consistent with the function of 
the intangible asset. 

Licence and spectrum fees
Amortisation periods for licence and spectrum fees are determined primarily by 
reference to the unexpired licence period, the conditions for licence renewal and 
whether licences are dependent on specific technologies. Amortisation is charged 
to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives from 
the commencement of service of the network.

Computer software
Computer software comprises computer software purchased from third parties as 
well as the cost of internally developed software. Computer software licences are 
capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and bring into use the specific 
software. Costs that are directly associated with the production of identifiable and 
unique software products controlled by the Group, and are probable of producing 
future economic benefits are recognised as intangible assets. Direct costs include 
software development employee costs and directly attributable overheads.

Software integral to a related item of hardware equipment is accounted for as 
property, plant and equipment.

Costs associated with maintaining computer software programs are recognised as 
an expense when they are incurred.

Internally developed software is recognised only if all of the following conditions 
are met:

•	
•	
•	

an asset is created that can be separately identified;
it is probable that the asset created will generate future economic benefits; and
the development cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the 
estimated useful lives from the date the software is available for use.

Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets including brands and customer bases, are recorded at fair 
value at the date of acquisition. Amortisation is charged to the income statement on 
a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets from the date 
they are available for use.

Estimated useful lives
The estimated useful lives of finite lived intangible assets are as follows:

•	
•	
•	
•	

Licence and spectrum fees 
Computer software 
Brands 
Customer bases 

3 – 25 years
3 – 5 years
1 – 10 years
2 – 7 years

Property, plant and equipment
Land and buildings held for use are stated in the balance sheet at their cost, less 
any  subsequent  accumulated  depreciation  and  subsequent  accumulated 
impairment losses. 

Equipment, fixtures and fittings are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and 
any accumulated impairment losses.

Assets  in  the  course  of  construction  are  carried  at  cost,  less  any  recognised 
impairment loss. Depreciation of these assets commences when the assets are ready 
for their intended use.

The cost of property, plant and equipment includes directly attributable incremental 
costs incurred in their acquisition and installation.

Depreciation is charged so as to write off the cost of assets, other than land and 
properties under construction, using the straight-line method, over their estimated 
useful lives, as follows:

•	
•	

Freehold buildings 
Leasehold premises 

25 – 50 years
the term of the lease

Equipment, fixtures and fittings:

•	
•	

Network infrastructure 
Other 

3 – 25 years
3 – 10 years

Depreciation is not provided on freehold land.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on 
the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease.

The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and 
equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the 
carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the income statement.

Impairment of assets
Goodwill
Goodwill is not subject to amortisation but is tested for impairment annually or 
whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for 
which there are separately identifiable cash flows, known as cash-generating units. 
If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying 
amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying 
amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit 
pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Impairment 
losses recognised for goodwill are not reversed in a subsequent period.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In 
assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present 
value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the 

78    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of 
future cash flows have not been adjusted.

The Group prepares and internally approves formal ten year management plans for 
its  businesses. The first five years of these plans are used for the value in use 
calculations, except in markets which are forecast to grow ahead of the long term 
GDP growth rate for the country of operation. In such cases, the ten year plan is used 
until the forecast growth rate trends towards the long term GDP growth rate for the 
country of operation, up to a maximum of ten years. Long range GDP growth rates for 
the country of operation are used for cash flows into perpetuity beyond the relevant 
five or ten year period.

Property, plant and equipment and finite lived intangible assets 
At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its property, 
plant and equipment and finite lived intangible assets to determine whether there is 
any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such 
indication  exists,  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  asset  is  estimated  in  order  to 
determine the extent, if any, of the impairment loss. Where it is not possible to 
estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Group estimates the 
recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

If the recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is estimated to be less 
than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset or cash-generating unit 
is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately 
in the income statement.

Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses the carrying amount of the asset or 
cash-generating unit is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, not 
to exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment 
loss been recognised for the asset or cash-generating unit in prior years. A reversal of 
an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the income statement. 

Revenue 
Revenue is recognised to the extent the Group has delivered goods or rendered 
services under an agreement, the amount of revenue can be measured reliably and 
it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to 
the Group. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received, 
exclusive of sales taxes and discounts.

The Group principally obtains revenue from providing the following telecommunication 
services: access charges, airtime usage, messaging, interconnect fees, data services 
and information provision, connection fees and equipment sales. Products and services 
may be sold separately or in bundled packages.

Revenue for access charges, airtime usage and messaging by contract customers is 
recognised as revenue as services are performed, with unbilled revenue resulting 
from services already provided accrued at the end of each period and unearned 
revenue from services to be provided in future periods deferred. Revenue from the 
sale of prepaid credit is deferred until such time as the customer uses the airtime, or 
the credit expires. 

Revenue from interconnect fees is recognised at the time the services are performed.

Revenue from data services and information provision is recognised when the Group 
has performed the related service and, depending on the nature of the service, is 
recognised  either  at  the  gross  amount  billed  to  the  customer  or  the  amount 
receivable by the Group as commission for facilitating the service.

Customer connection revenue is recognised together with the related equipment 
revenue to the extent that the aggregate equipment and connection revenue does 
not exceed the fair value of the equipment delivered to the customer. Any customer 
connection revenue not recognised together with related equipment revenue is 
deferred and recognised over the period in which services are expected to be 
provided to the customer. 

Revenue for device sales is recognised when the device is delivered to the end customer 
and the sale is considered complete. For device sales made to intermediaries, revenue 
is recognised if the significant risks associated with the device are transferred to the 
intermediary and the intermediary has no general right of return. If the significant risks 
are not transferred, revenue recognition is deferred until sale of the device to an end 
customer by the intermediary or the expiry of the right of return.

Financials

In revenue arrangements including more than one deliverable, the arrangements are 
divided into separate units of accounting. Deliverables are considered separate units 
of accounting if the following two conditions are met: (1) the deliverable has value to 
the customer on a stand-alone basis and (2) there is evidence of the fair value of the 
item. The arrangement consideration is allocated to each separate unit of accounting 
based on its relative fair value.

Commissions
Intermediaries are given cash incentives by the Group to connect new customers and 
upgrade existing customers. 

For intermediaries who do not purchase products and services from the Group, such 
cash incentives are accounted for as an expense. Such cash incentives to other 
intermediaries are also accounted for as an expense if: 

•	

•	

the Group receives an identifiable benefit in exchange for the cash incentive that 
is separable from sales transactions to that intermediary; and
the Group can reliably estimate the fair value of that benefit.

Cash incentives that do not meet these criteria are recognised as a reduction of the 
related device revenue.

Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on 
the  basis  of  weighted  average  costs  and  comprises  direct  materials  and,  where 
applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing 
the inventories to their present location and condition.

Leasing
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer 
substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to the lessee. All other 
leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets of the Group at their fair 
value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum 
lease payments as determined at the inception of the lease. The corresponding 
liability to the lessor is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. 
Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the 
lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance 
of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in the income statement.

Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to the income statement on a 
straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Benefits received and receivable 
as an incentive to enter into an operating lease are also spread on a straight line basis 
over the lease term.

Foreign currencies 
The consolidated financial statements are presented in sterling, which is the parent 
Company’s  functional  and  presentation  currency.  Each  entity  in  the  Group 
determines  its  own  functional  currency  and  items  included  in  the  financial 
statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency. 

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency 
rate  prevailing  at  the  date  of  the  transaction.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated into the respective functional 
currency  of  the  entity  at  the  rates  prevailing  on  the  balance  sheet  date.  Non-
monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are 
retranslated at the rates prevailing on the initial transaction dates. Non-monetary 
items measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

Changes in the fair value of monetary securities denominated in foreign currency 
classified as available for sale are analysed between translation differences and other 
changes in the carrying amount of the security. Translation differences are recognised 
in the income statement and other changes in carrying amount are recognised 
in equity. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    79

Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

2. Significant accounting policies continued
Translation differences on non-monetary financial assets, such as investments in 
equity securities, classified as available for sale are reported as part of the fair value 
gain or loss and are included in equity.

For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and 
liabilities of entities with a functional currency other than sterling are expressed in 
sterling using exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Income and 
expense items and cash flows are translated at the average exchange rates for the 
period and exchange differences arising are recognised directly in equity. On disposal 
of a foreign entity, the cumulative amount previously recognised in equity relating 
to that particular foreign operation is recognised in profit or loss.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation 
are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operation and translated accordingly.

In respect of all foreign operations, any exchange differences that have arisen before 
1 April 2004, the date of transition to IFRS, are deemed to be nil and will be excluded 
from the determination of any subsequent profit or loss on disposal.

The net foreign exchange loss recognised in the consolidated income statement 
for continuing operations is £131 million (2008: £373 million gain, 2007: £92 million 
loss).  A  loss  of  £794  million  was  recognised  in  the  2007  financial  year  for 
discontinued operations.

Research expenditure
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which 
it is incurred.

Borrowing costs
All borrowing costs are recognised in the income statement in the period in which 
they are incurred.

Post employment benefits 
For defined benefit retirement plans, the difference between the fair value of the plan 
assets and the present value of the plan liabilities is recognised as an asset or liability 
on the balance sheet. Scheme liabilities are assessed using the projected unit funding 
method and applying the principal actuarial assumptions as at the balance sheet 
date. Assets are valued at market value. 

Actuarial gains and losses are taken to the statement of recognised income and 
expense as incurred. For this purpose, actuarial gains and losses comprise both the 
effects of changes in actuarial assumptions and experience adjustments arising 
because of differences between the previous actuarial assumptions and what has 
actually occurred.

Other movements in the net surplus or deficit are recognised in the income statement, 
including the current service cost, any past service cost and the effect of any curtailment 
or settlements. The interest cost less the expected return on assets is also charged to 
the income statement. The amount charged to the income statement in respect of 
these plans is included within operating costs or in the Group’s share of the results of 
equity accounted operations as appropriate.

The Group’s contributions to defined contribution pension plans are charged to the 
income statement as they fall due.

Cumulative actuarial gains and losses as at 1 April 2004, the date of transition to IFRS, 
have been recognised in the balance sheet.

Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax payable and deferred tax.

Current tax payable or recoverable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable 
profit differs from profit as reported in the income statement because some items of 
income or expense are taxable or deductible in different years or may never be 
taxable or deductible. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using UK and 
foreign tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the 
balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable in the future arising from 
temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the 
financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of 
taxable profit. It is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred 
tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and 
deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits 
will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. 
Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from 
the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities 
in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. 
Deferred tax liabilities are not recognised to the extent they arise from the initial 
recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on 
investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint ventures, except where 
the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable 
that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date 
and adjusted to reflect changes in probability that sufficient taxable profits will be 
available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period 
when the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates that have been 
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off 
current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they either relate to income 
taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or on 
different taxable entities which intend to settle the current tax assets and liabilities 
on a net basis.

Tax is charged or credited to the income statement, except when it relates to items 
charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the tax is also recognised directly 
in equity.

Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities, in respect of financial instruments, are 
recognised on the Group’s balance sheet when the Group becomes a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument.

Trade receivables
Trade receivables do not carry any interest and are stated at their nominal value as 
reduced by appropriate allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts. Estimated 
irrecoverable amounts are based on the ageing of the receivable balances and 
historical experience. Individual trade receivables are written off when management 
deems them not to be collectible.

Other investments
Other  investments  are  recognised  and  derecognised  on  a  trade  date  where  a 
purchase or sale of an investment is under a contract whose terms require delivery 
of the investment within the timeframe established by the market concerned, and 
are initially measured at cost, including transaction costs.

Other investments classified as held for trading and available-for-sale are stated at 
fair value. Where securities are held for trading purposes, gains and losses arising 
from changes in fair value are included in net profit or loss for the period. For available-
for-sale investments, gains and losses arising from changes in fair value are recognised 
directly in equity, until the security is disposed of or is determined to be impaired, at 
which time the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in equity, determined 
using the weighted average cost method, is included in the net profit or loss for 
the period.

Other investments classified as loans and receivables are stated at amortised cost 
using the effective interest method, less any impairment. 

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and call deposits, and other short 
term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash 
and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. 

80    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Trade payables
Trade payables are not interest bearing and are stated at their nominal value.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments
Financial  liabilities  and  equity  instruments  issued  by  the  Group  are  classified 
according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the 
definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. An equity instrument is 
any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after 
deducting all of its liabilities and includes no obligation to deliver cash or other 
financial assets. The accounting policies adopted for specific financial liabilities and 
equity instruments are set out below.

Capital market and bank borrowings
Interest bearing loans and overdrafts are initially measured at fair value (which is 
equal to cost at inception), and are subsequently measured at amortised cost, using 
the effective interest rate method, except where they are identified as a hedged item 
in a fair value hedge. Any difference between the proceeds net of transaction costs 
and the settlement or redemption of borrowings is recognised over the term of 
the borrowing. 

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the proceeds received, net 
of direct issuance costs.

Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting
The Group’s activities expose it to the financial risks of changes in foreign exchange 
rates and interest rates.

The use of financial derivatives is governed by the Group’s policies approved by the 
Board of directors, which provide written principles on the use of financial derivatives 
consistent with the Group’s risk management strategy. Changes in values of all 
derivatives of a financing nature are included within investment income and financing 
costs  in  the  income  statement.  The  Group  does  not  use  derivative  financial 
instruments for speculative purposes.

Derivative financial instruments are initially measured at fair value on the contract date 
and are subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. The Group 
designates certain derivatives as either:

•	

•	

hedges of the change of fair value of recognised assets and liabilities (‘fair value 
hedges’); or
hedges of net investments in foreign operations.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, 
terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting, or the Company 
chooses to end the hedging relationship.

Fair value hedges
The Group’s policy is to use derivative instruments (primarily interest rate swaps) to 
convert a proportion of its fixed rate debt to floating rates in order to hedge the 
interest rate risk arising, principally, from capital market borrowings. The Group 
designates these as fair value hedges of interest rate risk with changes in fair value of 
the hedging instrument recognised in the income statement for the period together 
with the changes in the fair value of the hedged item due to the hedged risk, to the 
extent the hedge is effective. The ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the 
income statement.

Net investment hedges
Exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign 
operations are recognised directly in equity. Gains and losses on those hedging 
instruments  (which  include  bonds,  commercial  paper  and  foreign  exchange 
contracts) designated as hedges of the net investments in foreign operations are 
recognised in equity to the extent that the hedging relationship is effective. These 
amounts are included in exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 
as stated in the statement of recognised income and expense. Gains and losses 
relating  to  hedge  ineffectiveness  are  recognised  immediately  in  the  income 
statement for the period. Gains and losses accumulated in the translation reserve are 
included in the income statement when the foreign operation is disposed of. 

Financials

Put option arrangements
The potential cash payments related to put options issued by the Group over the 
equity of subsidiary companies are accounted for as financial liabilities when such 
options may only be settled other than by exchange of a fixed amount of cash or 
another financial asset for a fixed number of shares in the subsidiary.

The amount that may become payable under the option on exercise is initially 
recognised at fair value within borrowings with a corresponding charge directly to 
equity. The charge to equity is recognised separately as written put options over 
minority interests, adjacent to minority interests in the net assets of consolidated 
subsidiaries. The Group recognises the cost of writing such put options, determined 
as the excess of the fair value of the option over any consideration received, as a 
financing cost.

Such options are subsequently measured at amortised cost, using the effective 
interest rate method, in order to accrete the liability up to the amount payable under 
the option at the date at which it first becomes exercisable. The charge arising is 
recorded as a financing cost. In the event that the option expires unexercised, the 
liability is derecognised with a corresponding adjustment to equity.

Provisions
Provisions  are  recognised  when  the  Group  has  a  present  obligation  (legal  or 
constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Group will be required 
to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the 
obligation. Provisions are measured at the directors’ best estimate of the expenditure 
required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date and are discounted to 
present value where the effect is material.

Share-based payments
The  Group  issues  equity-settled  share-based  payments  to  certain  employees. 
Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value (excluding the effect 
of  non  market-based  vesting  conditions)  at  the  date  of  grant.  The  fair  value 
determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed 
on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of the 
shares that will eventually vest and adjusted for the effect of non market-based 
vesting conditions.

Fair value is measured using a binomial pricing model, being a lattice-based option 
valuation model, which is calibrated using a Black-Scholes framework. The expected life 
used in the model has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the 
effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations.

The Group uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee termination 
within the valuation model; separate groups of employees that have similar historical 
exercise behaviour are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected life 
of options granted is derived from the output of the option valuation model and 
represents the period of time that options are expected to be outstanding. Expected 
volatilities are based on implied volatilities as determined by a simple average of no less 
than three international banks, excluding the highest and lowest numbers. The risk-free 
rates for periods within the contractual life of the option are based on the UK gilt yield 
curve in effect at the time of grant.

Some share awards have an attached market condition, based on TSR, which is taken 
into account when calculating the fair value of the share awards. The valuation for the 
TSR is based on Vodafone’s ranking within the same group of companies, where 
possible, over the past five years. The volatility of the ranking over a three year period 
is used to determine the probable weighted percentage number of shares that could 
be expected to vest and hence affect fair value. 

The fair value of awards of non-vested shares is equal to the closing price of the 
Vodafone’s shares on the date of grant, adjusted for the present value of future 
dividend entitlements where appropriate.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    81

Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

3. Segment analysis
The Group has a single group of related services and products, being the supply of communications services and products. Segment information is provided on the basis of 
geographic areas, being the basis on which the Group manages its worldwide interests. Revenue is attributed to a country or region based on the location of the Group 
company reporting the revenue. Inter-segment sales are charged at arm’s length prices. 

During the year ended 31 March 2008, the Group early adopted IFRS 8 “Operating Segments”. During the year ended 31 March 2009, the Group changed its measure of 
segment profit from adjusted operating profit to EBITDA. In addition to excluding non-operating income of associates, impairment losses and other income and expense 
from operating profit, as in the case of adjusted operating profit, EBITDA further excludes the share of results of associates, depreciation, amortisation and gains/losses on 
the disposal of fixed assets. During the year, the Group changed its organisation structure. The tables below present segment information on the revised basis, with prior 
years amended to conform to the current year presentation. 

31 March 2009
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe(1) 
Europe 
Vodacom(2) 
Other Africa and Central Europe(3) 
Africa and Central Europe 
India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East(4) 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Common Functions(5) 
Group(6) 
Verizon Wireless(6) 

31 March 2008
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe(1) 
Europe 
Vodacom(2) 
Other Africa and Central Europe(3) 
Africa and Central Europe 
India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East(4) 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Common Functions(5) 
Group(6) 
Verizon Wireless (6) 

31 March 2007
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe(1) 
Europe 
Vodacom(2) 
Other Africa and Central Europe(3) 
Africa and Central Europe 
India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East(4) 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Common Functions(5)  
Group(6) 
Verizon Wireless(6) 

Segment  
revenue 
£m 

Common 
Functions 
£m 

Intra-region 
revenue 
£m 

Regional 
revenue 
£m 

Inter-region 
revenue  
£m 

7,847 
5,547 
5,812 
5,392 
5,329 
29,927 
1,778 
3,723 
5,501 
2,689 
3,131 
5,820 
– 
41,248 
14,085 

6,866 
4,435 
5,063 
5,424 
4,583 
26,371 
1,609 
3,337 
4,946 
1,822 
2,577 
4,399 
– 
35,716 
10,144 

6,790 
4,245 
4,500 
5,124 
4,275 
24,934 
1,478 
2,616 
4,094 
– 
2,347 
2,347 
– 
31,375 
9,387 

(52) 
(36) 
(93) 
(46) 
(66) 
(293) 
– 
– 
– 
(1) 
– 
(1) 
– 
(294) 

(51) 
(33) 
(96) 
(46) 
(64) 
(290) 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(290) 

(56) 
(44) 
(106) 
(54) 
(82) 
(342) 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(342) 

7,795 
5,511 
5,719 
5,346 
5,263 
29,634 
1,778 
3,723 
5,501 
2,688 
3,131 
5,819 
216 
41,170 

6,815 
4,402 
4,967 
5,378 
4,519 
26,081 
1,609 
3,337 
4,946 
1,822 
2,577 
4,399 
170 
35,596 

6,734 
4,201 
4,394 
5,070 
4,193 
24,592 
1,478 
2,616 
4,094 
– 
2,347 
2,347 
168 
31,201 

(16) 
(6) 
(4) 
(10) 
(5) 
(41) 
– 
(48) 
(48) 
(19) 
(31) 
(50) 
(14) 
(153) 

(11) 
(6) 
(4) 
(10) 
(3) 
(34) 
– 
(35) 
(35) 
(12) 
(26) 
(38) 
(11) 
(118) 

(9) 
(5) 
(3) 
(9) 
(4) 
(30) 
– 
(31) 
(31) 
– 
(20) 
(20) 
(16) 
(97) 

216 
216 

170 
170 

168 
168 

Group 
revenue 
£m 

7,779 
5,505 
5,715 
5,336 
5,258 
29,593 
1,778 
3,675 
5,453 
2,669 
3,100 
5,769 
202 
41,017 

6,804 
4,396 
4,963 
5,368 
4,516 
26,047 
1,609 
3,302 
4,911 
1,810 
2,551 
4,361 
159 
35,478 

6,725 
4,196 
4,391 
5,061 
4,189 
24,562 
1,478 
2,585 
4,063  
– 
2,327 
2,327 
152 
31,104 

EBITDA 
£m

3,058
2,424
1,897
1,219
1,824
10,422
606
1,084 
1,690
710
1,029
1,739
639
14,490
5,543

2,667
2,158
1,806
1,431
1,628
9,690
586
1,083
1,669
598
878
1,476
343
13,178
3,930

2,696
2,149
1,567
1,459
1,530
9,401
532
893
1,425
–
826
826
308
11,960
3,614

Notes:
(1)   EBITDA is stated before £520 million (2008: £425 million; 2007: £517 million) representing the Group’s share of results in associated undertakings.
(2) EBITDA is stated before £(1) million (2008: £nil; 2007: £nil) representing the Group’s share of results in associated undertakings. 
(3)  EBITDA is stated before £27 million (2008: £nil; 2007: £nil) representing the Group’s share of results in associated undertakings.
(4)   EBITDA is stated before £4 million (2008: £2 million; 2007: £nil) representing the Group’s share of results in associated undertakings.
(5)   EBITDA is stated before £(1) million (2008: £2 million; 2007: £1 million) relating to the Group’s share of results in associated undertakings.
(6)  Values shown for Verizon Wireless are not included in the calculation of Group revenue or EBITDA as Verizon Wireless is an associated undertaking.

82    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
A reconciliation of EBITDA to operating profit/(loss) is shown below. For a reconciliation of operating profit/(loss) to profit/(loss) before taxation, see the consolidated income 
statement on page 74. 

Financials

assets(1)  expenditure(2) 

Capital   on intangible 

   expenditure  Depreciation 
and 
assets  amortisation 
£m 

£m 

£m 

EBITDA 
Depreciation and amortisation including loss on disposal of fixed assets 
Share of results in associated undertakings 
Impairment losses 
Other items 
Operating profit/(loss) 

   Non-current 

£m 

21,617 
18,666 
13,324 
7,414 
9,375 
70,396 
2,287 
5,700 
7,987 
10,308 
4,687 
14,995 
810 
94,188 

19,129 
16,215 
14,589 
7,930 
8,303 
66,166 
1,676 
7,075 
8,751 
8,835 
2,597 
11,432 
717 
87,066 

31 March 2009
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe 
Europe 
Vodacom 
Other Africa and Central Europe 
Africa and Central Europe 
India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Common Functions 
Group 

31 March 2008
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe 
Europe 
Vodacom 
Other Africa and Central Europe 
Africa and Central Europe 
India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Common Functions 
Group 

31 March 2007
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe 
Europe 
Vodacom 
Other Africa and Central Europe 
Africa and Central Europe 
India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Common Functions 
Group 

2008 
£m 
13,178 
(5,979) 
2,876 
– 
(28) 
10,047 

2007 
£m
11,960
(5,154)
2,728
(11,600)
502
(1,564)

2009 
£m 
14,490 
(6,824) 
4,091 
(5,900) 
– 
5,857 

Other 

Impairment 
loss 
£m

–
–
3,400
–
–
3,400
–
2,500
2,500
–
–
–
–
5,900

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

6,700
4,900
–
–
–
11,600
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11,600

750 
521 
632 
446 
511 
2,860 
237 
625 
862 
1,351 
524 
1,875 
312 
5,909 

613 
411 
533 
465 
469 
2,491 
204 
702 
906 
1,030 
463 
1,493 
185 
5,075 

614 
421 
547 
661 
489 
2,732 
221 
484 
705 
111 
444 
555 
216 
4,208 

16 
– 
– 
– 
– 
16 
– 
21 
21 
– 
1,101 
1,101 
– 
1,138 

14 
1 
– 
– 
11 
26 
2 
5 
7 
– 
– 
– 
8 
41 

– 
26 
– 
– 
6 
32 
– 
– 
– 
1 
275 
276 
– 
308 

1,318 
687 
567 
954 
724 
4,250 
231 
830 
1,061 
746 
475 
1,221 
282 
6,814 

1,167 
582 
500 
973 
616 
3,838 
219 
694 
913 
562 
389 
951 
207 
5,909 

1,207 
556 
449 
930 
586 
3,728 
129 
368 
497 
28 
290 
318 
568 
5,111 

Notes:
(1)   Includes goodwill, other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment.
(2)  Includes additions to property, plant and equipment and computer software, reported within intangible assets.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    83

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

4. Operating profit/(loss)
Operating profit/(loss) has been arrived at after charging/(crediting):

Net foreign exchange losses/(gains) 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (note 11):

Owned assets 
Leased assets 

Amortisation of intangible assets (note 9) 
Impairment of goodwill (note 10) 
Impairment of licence and spectrum (note 10) 
Research and development expenditure 
Staff costs (note 36) 
Operating lease rentals payable:

Plant and machinery 
Other assets including fixed line rentals 

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment   
Own costs capitalised attributable to the construction or acquisition of property, plant and equipment 

The total remuneration of the Group’s auditor, Deloitte LLP, and its affiliates for services provided to the Group is analysed below: 

Audit fees:
Parent company 
Subsidiary undertakings 

Fees for statutory and regulatory filings(1) 
Audit and audit-related fees 

Other fees:
Taxation 
Other(2) 

Total fees 

2009 
£m 
30 

4,025 
36 
2,753 
5,650 
250 
280 
3,227 

68 
1,331 
10 
(273) 

2008 
£m 
(27) 

3,400 
27 
2,482 
– 
– 
234 
2,698 

43 
1,117 
70 
(245) 

2007 
£m
6

2,994
17
2,100
11,600
–
222
2,466

35
984
43
(244)

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m

1 
5 
6 
2 
8 

1 
– 
1 
9 

1 
5 
6 
1 
7 

1 
1 
2 
9 

1
4
5
2
7

1
2
3
10

Notes:
(1)  Amounts for 2009, 2008 and 2007 include mainly audit fees in relation to Section 404 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 
(2)  The amount for 2007 includes fees mainly relating to the preparatory work required in advance of the implementation of Section 404 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and general 

accounting advice.

In addition to the above, the Group’s joint ventures and associated undertakings paid fees totalling £3 million (2008: £2 million, 2007: £2 million) and £6 million (2008: £3 million, 
2007: £4 million), respectively, to Deloitte LLP and its affiliates during the year. Deloitte LLP and its affiliates have also received amounts totalling less than £1 million  
in each of the last three years in respect of services provided to pension schemes and charitable foundations associated to the Group.

A description of the work performed by the Audit Committee in order to safeguard auditor independence when non-audit services are provided is set out in “Corporate 
governance” on page 55. 

84    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
5. Investment income and financing costs

Investment income:
Available-for-sale investments:

Dividends received 
Other(1) 

Loans and receivables at amortised cost(2) 
Fair value through the income statement (held for trading):

Derivatives – foreign exchange contracts 
Other(3) 
Equity put rights and similar arrangements(4) 

Financing costs: 
Items in hedge relationships:

Other loans 
Interest rate swaps 
Dividends on redeemable preference shares 
Fair value hedging instrument 
Fair value of hedged item 

Other financial liabilities held at amortised cost:

Bank loans and overdrafts 
Other loans(5) 
Potential interest on settlement of tax issues(6) 
Equity put rights and similar arrangements(4) 
Finance leases 

Fair value through the income statement (held for trading):

Derivatives – forward starting swaps and futures   
Other(7) 

Net financing costs 

Financials

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m

110 
− 
339 

71 
275 
− 
795 

782 
(180) 
53 
(1,458) 
1,475 

452 
440 
(81) 
627 
1 

308 
− 
2,419 
1,624 

72 
− 
451 

125 
66 
−  
714 

612 
61 
42 
(635) 
601 

347 
390 
399 
143 
7 

57
86
452

160
−
34
789

548
(9)
45
42
(47)

126
276
406
32
4

47 
− 
2,014 
1,300 

71
118
1,612
823

Notes:
(1)   Amount for 2007 includes a gain resulting from refinancing of SoftBank related investments received as part of the consideration for the disposal of Vodafone Japan on 27 April 2006. 
(2)  Amount for 2007 includes £77 million of foreign exchange gains arising from hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation.
(3)   Includes foreign exchange gains on certain intercompany balances and investments held following the disposal of Vodafone Japan to SoftBank.
(4)   Includes amounts in relation to the Group’s arrangements with its minority partners in India, its fixed line operations in Germany and, in respect of prior years, Telecom Egypt. Further information is 

provided in “Option agreements and similar arrangements” on page 44. 

(5)   Amount for 2009 includes £94 million (2008: £72 million) of foreign exchange losses arising from hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation.
(6)   Amount for 2009 includes a reduction of the provision for potential interest on tax issues.
(7)   Amount for 2007 includes foreign exchange losses on certain intercompany balances and investments held following the disposal of Vodafone Japan to SoftBank.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    85

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

6. Taxation
Income tax expense

United Kingdom corporation tax (income)/expense:

Current year 
Adjustments in respect of prior years 

Overseas current tax expense/(income):

Current year 
Adjustments in respect of prior years  

Total current tax expense 

Deferred tax on origination and reversal of temporary differences:

United Kingdom deferred tax  
Overseas deferred tax 

Total deferred tax expense/(income) 
Total income tax expense from continuing operations 

Tax charged/(credited) directly to equity 

Current tax charge/(credit) 
Deferred tax (credit)/charge 
Total tax charged/(credited) directly to equity     

2009 
£m 

(132) 
(318) 
(450) 

2,111 
(934) 
1,177 
727 

20 
362 
382 
1,109 

2009 
£m 
134 
(64) 
70 

2008 
£m 

− 
(53) 
(53) 

2,539 
(293) 
2,246 
2,193 

(125) 
177 
52 
2,245 

2008 
£m 
(5) 
(65) 
(70) 

2007 
£m

−
(30)
(30)

2,928
215
3,143
3,113

(49)
(641)
(690)
2,423

2007 
£m
(2)
11
9

Factors affecting tax expense for the year 
The table below explains the differences between the expected tax expense on continuing operations, at the UK statutory tax rate of 28% for 2009 and 30% for 2008 and 
2007, and the Group’s total tax expense for each year. Further discussion of the current year tax expense can be found in the section titled “Operating results” on page 26. 

Profit/(loss) before tax on continuing operations as shown in the consolidated income statement 
Expected income tax expense/(income) on profit from continuing operations at UK statutory tax rate 
Effect of taxation of associated undertakings, reported within operating profit 
Impairment losses with no tax effect 
Expected income tax expense at UK statutory rate on profit from continuing operations,  
before impairment losses and taxation of associates 
Effect of different statutory tax rates of overseas jurisdictions 
Effect of current year changes in statutory tax rates 
Deferred tax on overseas earnings 
Assets revalued for tax purposes 
Effect of previously unrecognised temporary differences including losses 
Adjustments in respect of prior years(1) 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes and other items 
Exclude taxation of associated undertakings 
Income tax expense from continuing operations 

Note:
(1)  See “Taxation” on page 26.

2009 
£m 
4,189 
1,173 
118 
1,652 

2,943 
382 
(31) 
(26) 
(155) 
(881) 
(1,124) 
423 
(422) 
1,109 

2008 
£m 
9,001 
2,700 
134 
– 

2,834 
320 
66 
255 
(16) 
(833) 
(254) 
321 
(448) 
2,245 

2007
£m
(2,383)
(715)
119
3,480

2,884
346
1
(373)
(197)
(562)
145
577
(398)
2,423

86    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Deferred tax
Analysis of movements in the net deferred tax balance during the year:

1 April 2008 
Exchange movements  
Charged to the income statement 
Credited directly to equity 
Reclassification from current tax 
Merger and acquisition activity 
31 March 2009 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities in respect of continuing operations, before offset of balances within countries, are as follows:

Financials

2009 
£m
(4,673)
(1,008)
(382)
64
16
(29)
(6,012)

Amount 
credited/   
(charged) 
in income 
 statement  
 £m 
(330)  
(366)  
26  
288  
(382) 

Amount 
credited/  
(charged) 
in income 
statement 
£m 
326 
(6) 
(255) 
(117) 
(52)  

Accelerated tax depreciation 
Tax losses 
Deferred tax on overseas earnings 
Other short term timing differences 
31 March 2009 

Analysed in the balance sheet, after offset of balances within countries, as:

Deferred tax asset 
Deferred tax liability 
31 March 2009 

Accelerated tax depreciation 
Tax losses 
Deferred tax on overseas earnings 
Other short term timing differences 
31 March 2008 

Analysed in the balance sheet, after offset of balances within countries, as:

Deferred tax asset 
Deferred tax liability 
31 March 2008 

Gross 

Gross 
deferred  deferred tax 
tax asset 
£m 
765 
23,538 
− 
3,927 
28,230 

amounts 
liability  unrecognised 
£m 
(52) 
(23,386) 
− 
(1,848) 
(25,286) 

£m 
(2,488) 
− 
(4,052) 
(2,416) 
(8,956) 

Net 
recognised 
Less  deferred tax 
asset/ 
(liability) 
£m
(1,775)
152
(4,052)
(337)
(6,012)

£m
630
(6,642)
(6,012)

Gross 

Gross 
deferred  deferred tax 
tax asset 
£m 
576 
25,792 
− 
3,807 
30,175 

amounts 
liability  unrecognised 
£m 
(25) 
(25,433) 
− 
(1,997) 
(27,455) 

£m 
(1,635) 
− 
(3,535) 
(2,223) 
(7,393) 

Net 
recognised 
Less  deferred tax 
asset/ 
(liability) 
£m
(1,084)
359
(3,535)
(413)
(4,673)

£m
436
(5,109)
(4,673)

Factors affecting the tax charge in future years
Factors that may affect the Group’s future tax charge include the impact of corporate restructuring, the resolution of open tax issues, future planning opportunities, corporate 
acquisitions and disposals, the use of brought forward tax losses and changes in tax legislation and tax rates. 

Vodafone is routinely subject to audit by tax authorities in the territories in which it operates and the following items have reached litigation. The Group holds provisions in 
respect of the potential tax liability that may arise, however, the amount ultimately paid may differ materially from the amount accrued and could therefore affect the overall 
profitability and cash flows of the Group in future periods.

The Group’s subsidiary Vodafone 2 is responding to an enquiry by HMRC with regard to the UK tax treatment of one of its Luxembourg holding companies under the controlled 
foreign companies (‘CFC’) rules. Further details in relation to this enquiry are included in note 33 “Contingent liabilities”. 

A Spanish subsidiary, Vodafone Holdings Europe SL (‘VHESL’), is in disagreement with the Spanish tax authorities regarding the tax treatment of interest expenses claimed 
by VHESL in the accounting periods ended 31 March 2003 and 31 March 2004. The matter is now being pursued through the Spanish court system.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    87

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

6. Taxation continued 
At 31 March 2009, the gross amount and expiry dates of losses available for carry forward are as follows:

Losses for which a deferred tax asset is recognised    
Losses for which no deferred tax is recognised  

Expiring  
within 
5 years 
£m 
2 
908 
910 

Expiring 
within 
6-10 years 
£m 
− 
366 
366 

Unlimited 
£m 
343 
81,845 
82,188 

Total 
£m
345
83,119
83,464

Included above are losses amounting to £1,940 million (2008: £1,969 million) in respect of UK subsidiaries which are only available for offset against future capital gains and 
since it is uncertain whether these losses will be utilised, no deferred tax asset has been recognised. 

The losses above also include £77,780 million (2008: £82,204 million) that have arisen in overseas holding companies as a result of revaluations of those companies’ 
investments for local GAAP purposes. Since it is uncertain whether these losses will be utilised, no deferred tax asset has been recognised.

In addition to the losses described above, the Group has potential tax losses of £46,716 million (2008: £40,181 million) in respect of a write down in the value of investments 
in Germany. These losses have to date been denied by the German tax authorities. The outcome of the ongoing tax audit and the timing of the resolution are not yet known. 
The Group has not recognised the availability of the losses, nor the income statement benefit arising from them, due to this uncertainty. If upon resolution a benefit is 
recognised, it may impact both the amount of current income taxes provided since the date of initial deduction and the amount of the benefit from tax losses the Group will 
recognise. The recognition of these benefits could affect the overall profitability of the Group in future periods. The £6,535 million increase compared to the position at 
31 March 2008 is due to foreign exchange.

The Group holds provisions in respect of deferred taxation that would arise if temporary differences on investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures 
were to be realised after the balance sheet date. No deferred tax liability has been recognised in respect of a further £63,551 million (2008: £49,000 million) of unremitted 
earnings of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures because the Group is in a position to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable 
that such differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of unrecognised deferred tax liabilities in respect of these 
unremitted earnings. 

7. Equity dividends

Declared during the financial year:
Final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2008: 5.02 pence per share
(2007: 4.41 pence per share, 2006: 3.87 pence per share) 
Interim dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009: 2.57 pence per share 
(2008: 2.49 pence per share, 2007: 2.35 pence per share) 

Proposed after the balance sheet date and not recognised as a liability:
Final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009: 5.20 pence per share 
(2008: 5.02 pence per share, 2007: 4.41 pence per share) 

8. Earnings/(loss) per share

Weighted average number of shares for basic earnings/(loss) per share 
Effect of dilutive potential shares: restricted shares and share options(1) 
Weighted average number of shares for diluted earnings/(loss) per share 

Earnings/(loss) for basic and diluted earnings per share:
Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations(2) 
Total 

Notes:
(1)  In the year ended 31 March 2007, 215 million shares have been excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share as they are not dilutive. 
(2) See note 30 for further information on discontinued operations, including the per share effect of discontinued operations.

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m

2,667 

2,331 

2,328

1,350 
4,017 

1,322 
3,653 

1,238
3,566

2,731 

2,667 

2,331

2009 
Millions 
52,737 
232 
52,969 

2008 
Millions 
53,019 
268 
53,287 

Restated 
2007 
Millions
55,144
−
55,144

£m 

£m 

£m

3,078 
− 
3,078 

6,660 
− 
6,660 

(4,932)
(419)
(5,351)

88    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
9. Intangible assets

Cost:
1 April 2007 
Exchange movements 
Arising on acquisition 
Additions  
Disposals 
Other(1) 
31 March 2008 
Exchange movements 
Arising on acquisition 
Additions  
Disposals 
Transfer to investments in associated undertakings 
31 March 2009 

Accumulated impairment losses and amortisation:
1 April 2007 
Exchange movements 
Amortisation charge for the year 
Disposals 
31 March 2008 
Exchange movements 
Amortisation charge for the year 
Impairment losses 
Disposals 
Transfers to investments in associated undertakings 
31 March 2009 

Net book value:
31 March 2008 
31 March 2009 

Financials

Other 
£m 

865 
59 
256 
8 
– 
– 
1,188 
153 
130 
– 
– 
– 
1,471 

376 
28 
337 
– 
741 
126 
346 
– 
– 
– 
1,213 

Total 
£m

97,494
14,745
7,625
1,034
(80)
(28)
120,790
17,978
1,011
2,282
(404)
(25)
141,632

41,222
6,822
2,482
(67)
50,459
7,984
2,753
5,900
(391)
(11)
66,694

   Licences and 
spectrum 
£m 

Goodwill 
£m 

Computer 
software 
£m 

75,068 
12,406 
4,316 
– 
– 
(28) 
91,762 
14,298 
613 
– 
– 
(9) 
106,664 

34,501 
5,925 
– 
– 
40,426 
6,630 
– 
5,650 
– 
– 
52,706 

17,256 
1,707 
3,045 
33 
(1) 
– 
22,040 
2,778 
199 
1,138 
(1) 
(16) 
26,138 

3,356 
433 
1,343 
– 
5,132 
659 
1,522 
250 
– 
(11) 
7,552 

4,305 
573 
8 
993 
(79) 
– 
5,800 
749 
69 
1,144 
(403) 
– 
7,359 

2,989 
436 
802 
(67) 
4,160 
569 
885 
– 
(391) 
– 
5,223 

51,336 
53,958 

16,908 
18,586 

1,640 
2,136 

447 
258 

70,331
74,938 

Note:
(1)  Represents a pre-tax charge against goodwill offsetting the tax benefit arising on recognition of a pre-acquisition deferred tax asset.

For licences and spectrum and other intangible assets, amortisation is included within the cost of sales line within the consolidated income statement. Licences and 
spectrum with a net book value of £2,765m (2008: £nil) have been pledged as security against borrowings.

The net book value at 31 March 2009 and expiry dates of the most significant licences are as follows:

Germany 
UK 
Qatar 
Italy 

Expiry date 
December 2020 
December 2021 
June 2028 
December 2021 

2009 
£m 
5,452 
4,246 
1,482 
1,240 

2008 
£m
5,089
4,579
–
1,150

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    89

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

10. Impairment
Impairment losses
The impairment losses recognised in the consolidated income statement, as a separate line item within operating profit, in respect of goodwill and licences and spectrum 
fees are as follows:

Cash generating unit 
Spain 
Turkey 
Ghana 
Germany 
Italy 

  Reportable segment 

   Spain 
   Other Africa and Central Europe 
   Other Africa and Central Europe 
   Germany   

Italy 

2009 
£m 
3,400 
2,250 
250 
– 
– 
5,900 

2008 
£m 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

2007 
£m
–
–
–
6,700
4,900
11,600

Year ended 31 March 2009
The impairment losses were based on value in use calculations. The pre-tax adjusted discount rate used in the most recent value in use in the year ended 31 March 2009 
calculation are as follows: 

Spain 
Turkey(1) 
Ghana 

Note:
(1)   The pre-tax adjusted discount rate used in the value in use calculation at 30 September 2008 was 18.6%.

Pre-tax adjusted  
discount rate
10.3%
19.5%
26.9%

Spain
During the year ended 31 March 2009, the goodwill in relation to the Group’s operations in Spain was impaired by £3,400 million following a fall in long term cash flow 
forecasts resulting from the economic downturn. 

The pre-tax risk adjusted discount rate used in the previous value in use calculation at 31 January 2008 was 10.6%.

Turkey
During the year ended 31 March 2009, the goodwill and other intangible assets in relation to the Group’s operations in Turkey was impaired by £2,250 million. 
At 30 September 2008, the goodwill was impaired by £1,700 million following adverse movements in the discount rate and adverse performance against previous plans. 
During the second half of the 2009 financial year, impairment losses of £300 million in relation to goodwill and £250 million in relation to licences and spectrum resulted 
from adverse changes in both the discount rate and a fall in the long term GDP growth rate. The cash flow projections within the business plans used for impairment testing 
were substantially unchanged from those used at 30 September 2008. 

The pre-tax risk adjusted discount rate used in the previous value in use calculation at 31 January 2008 was 16.2%.

Ghana
During the year ended 31 March 2009, the goodwill in relation to the Group’s operations in Ghana was impaired by £250 million following an increase in the discount rate. 
The cash flow projections within the business plan used for impairment testing was substantially unchanged from the acquisition business case.

Year ended 31 March 2007
Germany 
During the year ended 31 March 2007, the goodwill in relation to the Group’s mobile operation in Germany was impaired by £6,700 million following an increase in long term 
interest rates and increased price competition in the German market along with continued regulatory pressures.

The impairment loss was based on a value in use calculation using a pre-tax risk adjusted discount rate at 31 March 2007 of 10.6% (31 January 2008: 10.2%; 31 January 2007: 10.5%; 
30 September 2006: 10.4%; 31 January 2006: 10.1%).

Italy
During the year ended 31 March 2007, the goodwill in relation to the Group’s mobile joint venture in Italy was impaired by £4,900 million. During the second half of the 2007 
financial year, £3,500 million of the impairment loss resulted from the estimated impact of legislation cancelling the fixed fees for the top up of prepaid cards and the related 
competitive response in the Italian market. At 30 September 2006, the goodwill was impaired by £1,400 million, following an increase in long term interest rates.

The impairment loss was based on a value in use calculation using a pre-tax risk adjusted discount rate at 31 March 2007 of 11.5% (31 January 2008: 11.5%; 31 January 2007: 11.2%; 
30 September 2006: 10.9%; 31 January 2006: 10.1%).

Goodwill
The carrying value of goodwill at 31 March was as follows: 

Germany 
Italy 
Spain 

Other 

90    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

2009 
£m 
12,786 
15,361 
10,561 
38,708 
15,250 
53,958 

2008 
£m
10,984
13,205
12,168
36,357
14,979
51,336

 
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Financials

Key assumptions used in the value in use calculations
The key assumptions used in determining the value in use are:

Assumption 
Budgeted EBITDA 

How determined
 Budgeted EBITDA has been based on past experience adjusted for the following:

• 

• 

• 

 voice and messaging revenue is expected to benefit from increased usage from new customers, the introduction of new 
services and traffic moving from fixed networks to mobile networks, though these factors will be partially offset by 
increased competitor activity, which may result in price declines, and the trend of falling termination rates; 
 non-messaging data revenue is expected to continue to grow strongly as the penetration of 3G enabled devices rises and 
new products and services are introduced; and
 margins are expected to be impacted by negative factors such as an increase in the cost of acquiring and retaining 
customers in increasingly competitive markets and the expectation of further termination rate cuts by regulators and by 
positive factors such as the efficiencies expected from the implementation of Group initiatives.

Budgeted capital expenditure 

 The cash flow forecasts for capital expenditure are based on past experience and includes the ongoing capital expenditure 
required to roll out networks in emerging markets, to provide enhanced voice and data products and services and to meet 
the population coverage requirements of certain of the Group’s licences. Capital expenditure includes cash outflows for the 
purchase of property, plant and equipment and computer software.

Long term growth rate 

 For businesses where five years of management plan data is used for the Group’s value in use calculations, a long term growth 
rate into perpetuity has been determined as the lower of: 

Pre-tax risk adjusted discount rate 

 the nominal GDP rates for the country of operation; and

• 
•   the long term compound annual growth rate in EBITDA in years six to ten estimated by management.

 For businesses where the ten years of management plan data is used for the Group’s value in use calculations, a long term 
growth rate into perpetuity has been determined as the lower of: 

 the nominal GDP rates for the country of operation; and

• 
•   the compound annual growth rate in EBITDA in years eight to ten of the management plan.

 The discount rate applied to the cash flows of each of the Group’s operations is based on the risk free rate for ten year bonds 
issued by the government in the respective market, where possible adjusted for a risk premium to reflect both the increased 
risk of investing in equities and the systematic risk of the specific Group operating company. In making this adjustment, inputs 
required are the equity market risk premium (that is the required increased return required over and above a risk free rate by 
an investor who is investing in the market as a whole) and the risk adjustment, beta, applied to reflect the risk of the specific 
Group operating company relative to the market as a whole.

 In determining the risk adjusted discount rate, management has applied an adjustment for the systematic risk to each of the 
Group’s operations determined using an average of the betas of comparable listed mobile telecommunications companies 
and, where available and appropriate, across a specific territory. Management has used a forward looking equity market risk 
premium that takes into consideration both studies by independent economists, the average equity market risk premium 
over the past ten years and the market risk premiums typically used by investment banks in evaluating acquisition proposals.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    91

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

10. Impairment continued
Sensitivity to changes in assumptions
Other than as disclosed below, management believes that no reasonably possible change in any of the above key assumptions would cause the carrying value of any cash 
generating unit to exceed its recoverable amount.

31 March 2009 
The estimated recoverable amount of the Group’s operations in Spain, Turkey and Ghana equalled their respective carrying value and, consequently, any adverse change 
in key assumption would, in isolation, cause a further impairment loss to be recognised. The estimated recoverable amount of the Group’s operations in the UK, Ireland, 
Romania, Germany and Italy exceeded their carrying value by approximately £900 million, £60 million, £300 million, £9,250 million and £2,200 million respectively. The 
tables below show the key assumptions used in the value in use calculation and, for the UK, Ireland, Romania, Germany and Italy, the amount by which each key assumption 
must change in isolation in order for the estimated recoverable amount to be equal to its carrying value in both cases.

Pre-tax adjusted discount rate 
Long term growth rate 
Budgeted EBITDA(2) 
Budgeted capital expenditure(3) 

Turkey(1) 

Spain 
% 
10.3 
1.1 
(3.9) 

Ghana 
% 
26.9 
7.3 
37.2 
   9.1 to 11.8  8.2 to 69.8  7.7 to 91.6 

% 
19.5 
7.5 
22.3 

UK 
% 
8.6 
1.0 
(2.8) 
n/a 

  Assumptions used in value in use calculation
Italy 
%
11.8
−
2.2
7.7 to 9.9

Germany 
% 
8.5 
1.1 
n/a 
5.5 to 9.7 

Romania 
% 
14.8 
1.1 
(3.1) 
n/a 

Ireland 
% 
10.2 
− 
(3.5) 
n/a 

Notes:
(1)   The assumptions listed in the table were used in the value in use calculation at 31 March 2009. The pre-tax adjusted discount rate, long term growth rate, budgeted EBITDA and budgeted capital 

expenditure assumptions used in the value in use calculation at 30 September 2008 were 18.6%, 10.0%, 13.1% and 8.2% to 54.7%.

(2)  Budgeted EBITDA is expressed as the compound annual growth rates in the initial ten years for Turkey and Ghana and the initial five years for all other cash generating units of the plans used for 

impairment testing.

(3)   Budgeted capital expenditure is expressed as the range of capital expenditure as a percentage of revenue in the initial ten years for Turkey and Ghana and the initial five years for all other cash generating 

units of the plans used for impairment testing.

Pre-tax adjusted discount rate 
Long term growth rate 
Budgeted EBITDA(1) 
Budgeted capital expenditure(2) 

UK 
pps 
0.9 
(1.1) 
(6.9) 
n/a 

Ireland 
pps 
0.2 
(0.3) 
(1.6) 
n/a 

Change required for carrying value 
to equal the recoverable amount
Italy 
pps
1.4
(1.5)
(9.1)
8.5

Germany 
pps  
3.3 
(3.9) 
n/a 
23.8 

Romania 
pps 
2.2 
(3.4) 
(9.0) 
n/a 

Notes:
(1)   Budgeted EBITDA is expressed as the compound annual growth rates in the initial five years of the plans used for impairment testing.
(2)  Budgeted capital expenditure is expressed as the range of capital expenditure as a percentage of revenue in the initial five years of the plans used for impairment testing.

The changes in the following table to assumptions used in the impairment review would, in isolation, lead to an (increase)/decrease to the aggregate impairment loss 
recognised in the year ended 31 March 2009:

Pre-tax adjusted discount rate 
Long term growth rate 
Budgeted EBITDA(1) 
Budgeted capital expenditure(2) 

Increase 
by 2% 
£bn 
(2.1) 
3.4 
0.4 
(0.4) 

Spain 
Decrease 
by 2% 
£bn 
3.3 
(1.9) 
(0.3) 
0.4 

Increase 
by 2% 
£bn 
(0.4) 
0.3 
0.1 
(0.1) 

Turkey 
Decrease 
by 2% 
£bn 
0.6 
(0.2) 
(0.1) 
0.1 

Increase 
by 2% 
£bn 
(0.04) 
0.01 
0.02 
(0.02) 

Ghana 
Decrease 
by 2% 
£bn 
0.05 
(0.01) 
(0.01) 
0.02 

 Increase 
 by 2% 
£bn 
(2.1) 
– 
– 
– 

All other
 Decrease 
 by 2% 
£bn
–
(1.5)
–
–

Notes:
(1)   Represents the compound annual growth rate for the initial ten years for Turkey and Ghana and the initial five years for all other cash generating units of the plans used for impairment testing.
(2)  Represents capital expenditure as a percentage of revenue in the initial ten years for Turkey and Ghana and the initial five years for all other cash generating units of the plans used for impairment testing.

31 March 2008
The estimated recoverable amount of the Group’s operations in Germany and Italy exceeded their carrying value by approximately £2,700 million and £3,400 million 
respectively. The table below shows the key assumptions used in the value in use calculation and the amount by which each key assumption must change in isolation in 
order for the estimated recoverable amount to be equal to its carrying value in both cases.

Pre-tax adjusted discount rate 
Long term growth rate 
Budgeted EBITDA(1) 
Budgeted capital expenditure(2) 

Assumptions used in 
value in use calculation 
Italy 
% 
11.5 
0.1 
1.4 
5.8 to 9.5 

   Germany 
% 
10.2 
1.2 
(2.2) 
   7.5 to 8.7 

Change required for carrying value 
to equal the recoverable amount
Italy 
pps
2.7
(3.0)
(4.2)
6.6

Germany  
pps 
1.6 
(1.7) 
(2.0) 
4.2 

Notes:
(1)  Budgeted EBITDA is expressed as the compound annual growth rates in the initial five years of the plans used for impairment testing.
(2) Budgeted capital expenditure is expressed as the range of capital expenditure as a percentage of revenue in the initial five years of the plans used for impairment testing.

92    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
11. Property, plant and equipment

Cost:
1 April 2007 
Exchange movements 
Arising on acquisition 
Additions 
Disposals 
Reclassifications 
31 March 2008 
Exchange movements 
Arising on acquisition 
Additions 
Disposals 
Transfer to investment in associated undertakings   
Reclassifications 
31 March 2009 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment:
1 April 2007 
Exchange movements 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
Reclassifications 
31 March 2008 
Exchange movements 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
Transfer to investment in associated undertakings   
Reclassifications 
31 March 2009 

Net book value:
31 March 2008 
31 March 2009 

Financials

Land and 
buildings 
£m 

Equipment 
fixtures 
and fittings 
£m 

1,240 
201 
14 
94 
(10) 
(109) 
1,430 
191 
15 
100 
(101) 
– 
(214) 
1,421 

442 
77 
79 
(10) 
(66) 
522 
79 
91 
(17) 
– 
(92) 
583 

27,430 
3,898 
1,150 
3,988 
(761) 
109 
35,814 
4,775 
223 
4,665 
(1,450) 
(298) 
214 
43,943 

14,784 
2,456 
3,348 
(667) 
66 
19,987 
2,811 
3,970 
(1,217) 
(112) 
92 
25,531 

Total 
£m

28,670
4,099
1,164
4,082
(771)
–
37,244
4,966
238
4,765
(1,551)
(298)
–
45,364

15,226
2,533
3,427
(677)
–
20,509
2,890
4,061
(1,234)
(112)
–
26,114

908 
838 

15,827 
18,412 

16,735
19,250

The net book value of land and buildings and equipment, fixtures and fittings includes £106 million and £82 million, respectively (2008: £110 million and £51 million) in 
relation to assets held under finance leases. Included in the net book value of land and buildings and equipment, fixtures and fittings are assets in the course of construction, 
which are not depreciated, with a cost of £44 million and £1,186 million, respectively (2008: £28 million and £1,013 million). Property, plant and equipment with a net book 
value of £148 million (2008: £1,503 million) has been pledged as security against borrowings.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    93

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

12. Principal subsidiary undertakings
At 31 March 2009, the Company had the following principal subsidiary undertakings carrying on businesses which affect the profits and assets of the Group. Unless otherwise 
stated, the Company’s principal subsidiary undertakings all have share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares and are indirectly held. The country of incorporation or 
registration of all subsidiary undertakings is also their principal place of operation.

Name 
Arcor AG & Co. KG(2) 
Vodafone Albania Sh.A. 
Vodafone Americas Inc.(3) 
Vodafone Czech Republic a.s. 
Vodafone D2 GmbH 
Vodafone Egypt Telecommunications S.A.E.  
Vodafone España S.A.U. 
Vodafone Essar Limited(4) 
Vodafone Europe B.V. 
Ghana Telecommunications Company Limited 
Vodafone Group Services Limited(5) 
Vodafone Holding GmbH 
Vodafone Holdings Europe S.L.U. 
Vodafone Hungary Mobile Telecommunications Company Limited 
Vodafone International Holdings B.V. 
Vodafone Investments Luxembourg S.a.r.l. 
Vodafone Ireland Limited 
Vodafone Libertel B.V. 
Vodafone Limited 
Vodafone Malta Limited 
Vodafone Marketing S.a.r.l. 
Vodafone Australia Limited 
Vodafone New Zealand Limited 
Vodafone-Panafon Hellenic Telecommunications Company S.A.  
Vodafone Portugal-Comunicações Pessoais, S.A.(6) 
Vodafone Qatar Q.S.C.(7) 
Vodafone Romania S.A. 
Vodafone Telekomunikasyon A.S. 

Principal activity 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Holding company 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Holding company 
Network operator 
Global products and services provider 
Holding company 
Holding company 
Network operator 
Holding company 
Holding company 
Network operator 
Network operator  
Network operator 
Network operator 
Provider of partner network services 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator  
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator 

Country of 
   incorporation 
  or registration 
Germany 
Albania 
USA 
Czech Republic 
Germany 
Egypt 
Spain 
India 
Netherlands 
Ghana 
England 
Germany 
Spain 
Hungary 
Netherlands 
Luxembourg 
Ireland 
Netherlands 
England 
Malta 
Luxembourg 
Australia 
New Zealand 
Greece 
Portugal 
Qatar 
Romania 
Turkey 

   Percentage(1) 
  shareholdings
100.0
99.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
54.9
100.0
51.6
100.0
70.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
38.3
100.0
100.0

Notes:
(1)   Rounded to nearest tenth of one percent.
(2)  Arcor AG & Co. KG is a partnership and, accordingly, its share capital is comprised solely of partners’ capital rather than share capital.
(3)   Share capital consists of 395,834,251 ordinary shares and 1.65 million class D and E redeemable preference shares, of which 100% of the ordinary shares are held by the Group.
(4)   The Group owns 100% of CGP Investments (Holdings) Limited (‘CGP’), which owns a 51.58% indirect shareholding in Vodafone Essar Limited. As part of its acquisition of CGP, Vodafone acquired a less 
than 50% equity interest in Telecom Investments India Private Limited (‘TII’) and in Omega Telecom Holdings Private Limited (‘Omega’), which in turn have a 19.54% and 5.11% indirect shareholding 
in Vodafone Essar Limited. The Group was granted call options to acquire 100% of the shares in two companies which together indirectly own the remaining share of TII and an option to acquire 100% 
of the shares in a third company, which owns the remaining shares in Omega. The Group also granted a put option to each of the shareholders of these companies, which if exercised, would require 
Vodafone to purchase 100% of the equity in the respective company. If these options were exercised, which can only be done in accordance with Indian law prevailing at the time of exercise, the Group 
would own 66.98% of Vodafone Essar Limited. 

(5)   The entire issued share capital of Vodafone Group Services Limited is held directly by Vodafone Group Plc.
(6)   38.6% of the issued share capital of Vodafone Portugal-Comunicações Pessoais, S.A. is held directly by Vodafone Group Plc.
(7)   At 31 March 2009, Vodafone and Qatar Foundation LLC – in which the Group has a 51.0% equity interest – owned 75% of the issued and outstanding share capital of Vodafone Qatar Q.S.C., representing 
45% of the authorised share capital. On 10 May 2009, the previously unissued authorised share capital was allotted to Qatari citizens by means of a public offering, following which Vodafone and Qatar 
Foundation LLC owns 45% of Vodafone Qatar Q.S.C.’s issued and outstanding share capital. The Group has rights, both pre and post the public offering, through its shareholding in Vodafone and Qatar 
Foundation LLC that enable it to control the strategic and operating decisions of Vodafone Qatar Q.S.C.

94    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Financials

13. Investments in joint ventures
Principal joint ventures
At 31 March 2009, the Company had the following joint venture undertakings carrying on businesses which affect the profits and assets of the Group. Unless otherwise 
stated, the Company’s principal joint ventures all have share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares, which are indirectly held, and the country of incorporation or 
registration is also their principal place of operation.

Name 
Indus Towers Limited 
Polkomtel S.A. 
Vodacom Group (Pty) Limited 
Vodafone Fiji Limited 
Vodafone Omnitel N.V.(4) 

Principal activity 
Network infrastructure 
Network operator 
Holding company 
Network operator 
Network operator 

Country of 
   incorporation 
  or registration 
India 
Poland 
South Africa 
Fiji 
Netherlands 

   Percentage(1) 
  shareholdings

21.7(2)
24.4
50.0
49.0(3)
76.9(5)

Notes:
(1)   Rounded to nearest tenth of one percent.
(2)  Vodafone Essar, in which the Group has a 51.6% equity interest, owns 42.0% of Indus Towers Limited.
(3)   The Group holds substantive participating rights which provide it with a veto over the significant financial and operating policies of Vodafone Fiji Limited and which ensure it is able to exercise joint 

control over Vodafone Fiji Limited with the majority shareholder.
(4)   The principal place of operation of Vodafone Omnitel N.V. is Italy.
(5)   The Group considered the existence of substantive participating rights held by the minority shareholder provide that shareholder with a veto right over the significant financial and operating policies 
of Vodafone Omnitel N.V., and determined that, as a result of these rights, the Group does not have control over the financial and operating policies of Vodafone Omnitel N.V., despite the Group’s 76.9% 
ownership interest.

Effect of proportionate consolidation of joint ventures
The following table presents, on a condensed basis, the effect on the consolidated financial statements of including joint ventures using proportionate consolidation. 
The  results  of  Safaricom  Limited  (‘Safaricom’)  are  included  until  28  May  2008,  at  which  time  its  consolidation  status  changed  from  joint  venture  to  associated 
undertaking following completion of the share allocation for the public offering of 25% of Safaricom’s shares previously held by the Government of Kenya and 
termination of the shareholding agreement with the Government of Kenya. The results related to the additional 4.8% stake in Polkomtel acquired in the year are included from 
18 December 2008.

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit 
Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 
Impairment losses 
Operating profit/(loss) 
Net financing costs 
Profit/(loss) before tax 
Income tax expense 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year 

Non-current assets 
Current assets 
Total assets 

Total shareholders’ funds 
Minority interests 
Total equity 

Non-current liabilities  
Current liabilities  
Total liabilities 
Total equity and liabilities 

2009 
£m 
7,737 
(4,076) 
3,661 
(1,447) 
– 
2,214 
(170) 
2,044 
(564) 
1,480 

2008 
£m 
6,448 
(3,225) 
3,223 
(1,155) 
– 
2,068 
(119) 
1,949 
(829) 
1,120 

2009 
£m 
22,688 
1,148 
23,836 

20,079 
20 
20,099 

865 
2,872 
3,737 
23,836 

2007 
£m
6,232
(3,077)
3,155
(1,121)
(4,900)
(2,866)
46
(2,820)
(614)
(3,434)

2008 
£m
19,102
235
19,337

16,036
13
16,049

352
2,936
3,288
 19,337

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    95

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

14. Investments in associated undertakings
At 31 March 2009, the Company had the following principal associated undertakings carrying on businesses which affect the profits and assets of the Group. The Company’s 
principal associated undertakings all have share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares, unless otherwise stated, and are all indirectly held. The country of incorporation 
or registration of all associated undertakings is also their principal place of operation. 

Name 
Cellco Partnership(2) 
Société Française du Radiotéléphone S.A. 
Safaricom Limited(3)(4)(5)(6) 

Principal activity 
Network operator 
Network operator 
Network operator 

Country of 
   incorporation 
  or registration 
USA 
France 
Kenya 

   Percentage(1) 
  shareholdings
45.0
44.0 
40.0

Notes:
(1)  Rounded to nearest tenth of one percent.
(2)  Cellco Partnership trades under the name Verizon Wireless.
(3)   The Group also holds two non-voting shares. 
(4)   Following completion of the share allocation for the public offering of 25% of Safaricom’s shares previously held by the Government of Kenya on 28 May 2008 and termination of the shareholders’ 

agreement with the Government of Kenya the Group changed the consolidation status of Safaricom from a joint venture to an associated undertaking.

(5)   During the year ended 31 March 2009, under an agreement with Mobitelea Ventures Limited, the Group completed the purchase of a 5% indirect equity stake in Safaricom increasing the Group’s 

effective interest in Safaricom to 40%.

(6)   At 31 March 2009, the fair value of Safaricom Limited was KES 48 billion (£421 million) based on the closing quoted share price on the Nairobi stock exchange.

The Group’s share of the aggregated financial information of equity accounted associated undertakings is set out below. The amounts for the year ended 31 March 2007 
include the share of results in Belgacom Mobile S.A. and Swisscom Mobile A.G. up to the date of their disposal on 3 November 2006 and 20 December 2006, respectively 
(see note 30). The amounts for the year ended 31 March 2009 include the share of results in Safaricom from 28 May 2008, at which time its consolidation status changed 
from being a joint venture to an associated undertaking.

Revenue 
Share of result in associated undertakings 
Share of discontinued operations in associated undertakings 

Non-current assets 
Current assets 
Share of total assets 

Non-current liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Minority interests 
Share of total liabilities and minority interests   
Share of equity shareholders’ funds in associated undertakings 

2009 
£m 
19,307 
4,091 
57 

2008 
£m 
13,630 
2,876 
– 

2009 
£m 
50,732 
4,641 
55,373 

8,668 
11,394 
596 
20,658 
34,715 

2007 
£m
12,919
2,728
–

2008 
£m
25,951
2,546
28,497

1,830
3,736
386
5,952
22,545

15. Other investments
Other investments comprise the following, all of which are classified as available-for-sale, with the exception of other debt and bonds, which are classified as loans and 
receivables, and cash held in restricted deposits.

Listed securities:

Equity securities 
Unlisted securities:
Equity securities 
Public debt and bonds 
Other debt and bonds 

Cash held in restricted deposits 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

3,931 

4,813

833 
20 
2,094 
182 
7,060 

949
24
1,352
229
7,367

The fair values of listed securities are based on quoted market prices and include the Group’s 3.2% investment in China Mobile Limited, which is listed on the Hong Kong and 
New York stock exchanges and incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong. China Mobile Limited is a mobile network operator and its principal place of operation is China.

Unlisted equity securities include a 26% interest in Bharti Infotel Private Limited, through which the Group has a 4.36% economic interest in Bharti Airtel Limited. Unlisted 
equity investments are recorded at fair value where appropriate, or at cost if their fair value cannot be reliably measured as there is no active market upon which they 
are traded. 

For public debt and bonds and cash held in restricted deposits, the carrying amount approximates fair value. 

Other debt and bonds include preferred equity and a subordinated loan received as part of the disposal of Vodafone Japan to SoftBank. The fair value of these instruments 
cannot be reliably measured as there is no active market in which these are traded.

96    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
16. Inventory

Goods held for resale 

Inventory is reported net of allowances for obsolescence, an analysis of which is as follows:

1 April 
Exchange movements 
Amounts (credited)/charged to the income statement 
31 March 

2009 
£m 
118 
13 
(20) 
111 

Cost of sales includes amounts related to inventory amounting to £4,853 million (2008: £4,320 million; 2007: £3,797 million).

17. Trade and other receivables

Included within non-current assets:
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Derivative financial instruments 

Included within current assets:
Trade receivables 
Amounts owed by associated undertakings 
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Derivative financial instruments 

Financials

2009 
£m 
412 

2008 
£m 
100 
11 
7 
118 

2009 
£m 

56 
423 
132 
2,458 
3,069 

3,751 
50 
744 
2,868 
249 
7,662 

2008
£m
417

2007 
£m
97
(2)
5
100

2008 
£m

49
66
121
831
1,067

3,549
21
494
2,426
61
6,551

The Group’s trade receivables are stated after allowances for bad and doubtful debts based on management’s assessment of creditworthiness, an analysis of which is 
as follows:

1 April 
Exchange movements 
Amounts charged to administrative expenses 
Trade receivables written off 
31 March 

2009 
£m 
664 
101 
423 
(314) 
874 

2008 
£m 
473 
73 
293 
(175) 
664 

2007 
£m
431
(16)
201
(143)
473

The carrying amounts of trade and other receivables approximate their fair value. Trade and other receivables are predominantly non-interest bearing.

Included within “Derivative financial instruments”: 
Fair value through the income statement (held for trading):

Interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange swaps 

Fair value hedges:

Interest rate swaps 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

16 
104 
120 

2,587 
2,707 

70
42
112

780
892

The fair values of these financial instruments are calculated by discounting the future cash flows to net present values using appropriate market interest and foreign currency 
rates prevailing at 31 March.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    97

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

18. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash at bank and in hand 
Money market funds 
Repurchase agreements 
Commercial paper 
Cash and cash equivalents as presented in the balance sheet 
Bank overdrafts 
Cash and cash equivalents as presented in the cash flow statement 

2009 
£m 
811 
3,419 
648 
– 
4,878 
(32) 
4,846 

2008 
£m
451
477
478
293
1,699
(47)
1,652

Bank balances and money market funds comprise cash held by the Group on a short term basis with original maturity of three months or less. The carrying amount of these 
assets approximates their fair value.

19. Called up share capital

Authorised:
Ordinary shares of 113/7 US cents each  
B shares of 15 pence each  
Deferred shares of 15 pence each  

Ordinary shares allotted, issued and fully paid(1):
1 April  
Allotted during the year  
Cancelled during the year  
31 March  

B shares allotted, issued and fully paid(2):
1 April  
Redeemed during the year  
31 March  

 Number 

68,250,000,000 
38,563,935,574 
28,036,064,426  

2009  
£m  

4,875 
5,784 
4,206 

Number 

68,250,000,000 
38,563,935,574 
28,036,064,426 

58,255,055,725 
51,227,991 
(500,000,000) 
57,806,283,716 

4,182 
3 
(32) 
4,153 

58,085,695,298 
169,360,427 
– 
58,255,055,725 

2008
£m

4,875
5,784
4,206

4,172
10
–
4,182

87,429,138 
(87,429,138) 
– 

13 
(13) 
– 

132,001,365 
(44,572,227) 
87,429,138 

20
(7)
13

Notes:
(1)   At 31 March 2009, the Group held 5,322,411,101 (2008: 5,132,496,335) treasury shares with a nominal value of £382 million (2008: £368 million). The market value of shares held was £6,533 million 

(2008: £7,745 million). During the year, 41,146,589 (2008: 101,466,161) treasury shares were reissued under Group share option schemes.

(2)  On 31 July 2006, the Company undertook a return of capital to shareholders via a B share scheme and associated share consolidation. A total of 66,271,035,240 B shares were issued on that day, and 
66,271,035,240 existing ordinary shares of 10 US cents each were consolidated into 57,987,155,835 new ordinary shares of 113/7 cents each. B shareholders were given the alternatives of initial 
redemption or future redemption at 15 pence per share or the payment of an initial dividend of 15 pence per share. The initial redemption took place on 4 August 2006 with future redemption dates 
on 5 February and 5 August each year until 5 August 2008 when the Company redeemed all B shares still in issue at their nominal value of 15 pence. B shareholders that chose future redemption were 
entitled to receive a continuing non-cumulative dividend of 75 per cent of sterling LIBOR payable semi-annually in arrear until they were redeemed. The continuing B share dividend is shown within 
financing costs in the income statement.

 By 31 March 2009, total capital of £9,026 million had been returned to shareholders, £5,735 million by way of capital redemption and £3,291 million by way of initial dividend (note 21). During the 
period, a transfer of £15 million (2008: £7 million) in respect of the B shares has been made from retained losses (note 23) to the capital redemption reserve (note 21). The redemptions and initial 
dividend are shown within cash flows from financing activities in the cash flow statement.

Allotted during the year

UK share awards and option scheme awards 
US share awards and option scheme awards 
Total for share awards and option scheme awards   

 Number 
49,130,811 
2,097,180 
51,227,991 

Nominal 
value 
£m 
3 
– 
3 

Net 
proceeds 
£m
72
5
77

98    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Financials

20. Share-based payments 
The Company currently uses a number of equity settled share plans to grant options and shares to its directors and employees.

The maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be issued in respect of share options or share plans will not (without shareholder approval) exceed:

•	

•	

10% of the ordinary share capital of the Company in issue immediately prior to the date of grant, when aggregated with the total number of ordinary shares which have 
been allocated in the preceding ten year period under all plans; and
5% of the ordinary share capital of the Company in issue immediately prior to the date of grant, when aggregated with the total number of ordinary shares which have 
been allocated in the preceding ten year period under all plans, other than any plans which are operated on an all-employee basis.

Share options
Vodafone Group sharesave plan
The Vodafone Group 2008 sharesave plan and its predecessor the Vodafone Group 1998 Sharesave Scheme enables UK staff to acquire shares in the Company through monthly 
savings of up to £250 over a three or five year period, at the end of which they also receive a tax free bonus. The savings and bonus may then be used to purchase shares at the 
option price, which is set at the beginning of the invitation period and usually at a discount of 20% to the then prevailing market price of the Company’s shares.

Vodafone Group executive plans
The Vodafone global incentive plan is a discretionary plan under which share options are granted to directors and certain employees. Some of the share options are subject 
to performance conditions. Options are normally exercisable between three and ten years from the date of grant. No share options have been granted to the directors or 
employees under the Vodafone global incentive plan in the year to 31 March 2009.

The Company has a number of discretionary share option plans, under which awards are no longer made: the Vodafone Group 1998 company share option scheme and 
Vodafone Group 1988 executive share option scheme (which are UK HM Revenue and Customs approved); the Vodafone Group 1998 executive share option scheme and 
the Vodafone 1988 share option scheme (which are unapproved); and the Vodafone Group 1999 long term incentive plan. Some of the options are subject to performance 
conditions. Options are normally exercisable between three and ten years from the date of grant.

For grants made to US employees, prior to 7 July 2003 the options have phased vesting over a four year period and are exercisable in respect of ADSs. For grants made from 
7 July 2003, options are normally exercisable between three and ten years from the date of grant, subject to the satisfaction of predetermined performance conditions and 
are exercisable in respect of ADSs. 

Other share option plans
Share option plans are operated by certain of the Group’s subsidiary undertakings although awards are no longer made under these schemes. 

Share plans
Vodafone share incentive plan
The share incentive plan enables UK staff to acquire shares in the Company through monthly purchases of up to £125 per month or 5% of salary, whichever is lower. For each 
share purchased by the employee, the Company provides a free matching share.

Vodafone Group global allshare plan
A significant number of employees received a conditional award of 290 shares (2008: 320) in the Company on 1 July 2008, under the Vodafone Group global allshare plan. 
The awards vest after two years and are not subject to performance conditions but are subject to continued employment.

Vodafone Group executive plans
Under the Vodafone global incentive plan and its predecessor, the Vodafone Group Plc 1999 Long Term Stock Incentive Plan, awards of performance shares are granted to 
directors and certain employees. The release of these shares is conditional upon achievement of performance targets measured over a three year period.

Under the Vodafone Group deferred share bonus plan, directors and certain employees were able to defer their 2006 and 2007 annual bonuses into shares. Subject to 
continued employment and retention of the deferred shares for two years, additional shares are released at the end of this two year period if a performance condition has 
been satisfied.

Movements in ordinary share options and ADS options outstanding

1 April 
Granted during the year 
Forfeited during the year  
Exercised during the year 
Expired during the year 
31 March 

Weighted average exercise price:
1 April 
Granted during the year 
Forfeited during the year  
Exercised during the year 
Expired during the year 
31 March 

2009 
Millions 
1 
– 
– 
– 
– 
1 

$18.15 
– 
– 
– 
– 
$15.37 

2008 
Millions 
3 
– 
– 
(1) 
(1) 
1 

ADS 
2007 
Millions 
8 
– 
– 
(3) 
(2) 
3 

$21.46 
– 
– 
$19.52 
$28.50 
$18.15 

$26.53 
– 
– 
$18.50 
$41.86 
$21.46 

2009 
Millions 
373 
7 
(11) 
(16) 
(19) 
334 

£1.42 
£1.21 
£1.47 
£1.09 
£1.55 
£1.41 

2008 
Millions 
584 
46 
(30) 
(204) 
(23) 
373 

£1.35 
£1.63 
£1.67 
£1.20 
£1.72 
£1.42 

Ordinary
2007 
Millions
787
65
(31)
(179)
(58)
584

£1.32
£1.12
£1.26
£1.05
£1.68
£1.35

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    99

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

20. Share-based payments continued
Summary of options outstanding and exercisable at 31 March 2009

Vodafone Group savings related and sharesave plan:
£0.01 – £1.00 
£1.01 – £2.00 

Vodafone Group executive plans:
£1.01 – £2.00 
£2.01 – £3.00 

Vodafone Group 1999 long term stock incentive plan:
£0.01 – £1.00 
£1.01 – £2.00 

Other share option plans:
£1.01 – £2.00 
Greater than £3.01 

Vodafone Group 1999 long term stock incentive plan:
$10.01 – $30.00 

Fair value of options granted

Expected life of option (years) 
Expected share price volatility 
Dividend yield 
Risk free rates 
Exercise price(2) 

   Outstanding 
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
life 
Months 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

Outstanding 
shares 
Millions 

Exercisable 
shares 
Millions 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

Exercisable
Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
life 
Months

9 
13 
22 

9 
20 
29 

62 
219 
281 

1 
1 
2 

1 

£0.92 
£1.24 
£1.11 

£1.58 
£2.76 
£2.39 

£0.90 
£1.46 
£1.34 

£1.14 
£2.47 
£1.77 

$15.37 

17 
37 
29 

28 
13 
18 

39 
58 
54 

35 
31 
33 

43 

– 
– 
– 

9 
20 
29 

62 
148 
210 

1 
1 
2 

1 

– 
– 
– 

£1.58 
£2.76 
£2.39 

£0.90 
£1.48 
£1.31 

£1.14 
£2.47 
£1.77 

$15.05 

–
–
–

28
13
18

39
41
40

35
31
33

42

ADS options 

Ordinary share options

2008 
4-5 

Other(1) 
2007 
5-6 
   25.5-33.5%  27.3-28.3% 
5.1-5.5% 
4.8% 
£1.15 

3.8-4.2% 
4.4-5.7% 
   £1.67-1.76 

2007 
5-6 

Board of directors and  
Executive Committee(1) 
2008 
4-5 

Other
2007
5-7
25.7-27.7%  24.0-27.7%  30.9-31.0%  25.5-33.5%  25.5-28.3%
5.1-6.1%
4.6-4.9%
£1.14-1.16

4.8-5.5% 
4.7-4.9% 
£1.15-1.36 

3.8-4.2% 
4.4-5.7% 
£1.67-1.76 

4.0-4.4% 
5.5% 
£1.68 

5.04% 
4.9% 
£1.21 

2008 
4-5 

2009 
3-5 

Notes:
(1)   There were no options granted in the year ended 31 March 2009.
(2) In the years ended 31 March 2008 and 31 March 2007, there was more than one option grant.

The fair value of options granted is estimated at the date of grant using a lattice-based option valuation model, which incorporates ranges of assumptions for inputs as 
disclosed above. Certain options granted to the Board of directors and Executive Committee have a market based performance condition attached and as a result the 
assumptions are disclosed separately. 

Share awards
Movements in non-vested shares during the year ended 31 March 2009 are as follows:

1 April 2008 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
31 March 2009 

Global allshare plan 
Weighted 
average fair 
value at 
grant date 
£1.30 
£1.32 
£1.04 
£1.38 
£1.43 

Millions 
34 
17 
(16) 
(3) 
32 

Other 
Weighted 
average fair 
value at 
grant date 
£1.16 
£1.05 
£1.15 
£1.07 
£1.11 

Millions 
213 
155 
(58) 
(22) 
288 

Total
Weighted
average fair 
value at 
grant date
£1.18
£1.08
£1.13 
£1.10
£1.15

Millions 
247 
172 
(74) 
(25) 
320 

Other information
The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the 2009 financial year was £0.39 (2008: £0.34, 2007: £0.22). 

The total fair value of shares vested during the year ended 31 March 2009 was £84 million (2008: £75 million, 2007: £41 million).

The compensation cost included in the consolidated income statement in respect of share options and share plans for continuing operations was £128 million (2008: £107 million, 
2007: £93 million), which is comprised entirely of equity-settled transactions. 

The average share price for the year ended 31 March 2009 was 136 pence.

100    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
21. Transactions with equity shareholders

Share 

1 April 2006 
Issue of new shares 
Own shares released on vesting of share awards 
Share consolidation 
B share capital redemption 
B share preference dividend 
Share-based payment charge, inclusive of tax charge of £16 million 
31 March 2007 
Issue of new shares 
Own shares released on vesting of share awards 
B share capital redemption 
Transfer of B share nominal value in respect of own shares deferred and cancelled 
Share-based payment charge, inclusive of tax credit of £7 million 
31 March 2008 
Issue of new shares 
Own shares released on vesting of share awards 
Purchase of own shares 
Cancellation of own shares held 
Other receipts from reissue of own shares 
BEE(1) initial share-based payment charge 
B share capital redemption 
Share-based payment charge, inclusive of tax charge of £9 million 
31 March 2009 

Note:
(1)   BEE refers to the broad based black economic empowerment transaction undertaken by Vodacom in South Africa.

22. Movements in accumulated other recognised income and expense

premium  Own shares 
held 
account 
£m 
£m 
(8,198) 
52,444 
− 
154 
151 
− 
− 
(9,026) 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
– 
(8,047) 
43,572 
− 
263 
191 
14 
− 
− 
− 
(915) 
− 
− 
(7,856) 
42,934 
– 
74 
59 
– 
(1,000) 
– 
755 
– 
6 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
43,008 

Additional 
paid-in 
capital 
£m 
100,152 
(44) 
− 
− 
− 
− 
77 
100,185 
(134) 
(14) 
− 
− 
114 
100,151 
(70) 
– 
– 
– 
– 
39 
– 
119 
(8,036)  100,239 

1 April 2006 (restated) 
(Losses)/gains arising in the year 
Transfer to the income statement on disposal (restated)  
Tax effect 
31 March 2007 
Gains/(losses) arising in the year 
Transfer to the income statement on disposal 
Tax effect 
31 March 2008 
Gains/(losses) arising in the year 
Transfer to the income statement on disposal 
Tax effect 
31 March 2009 

23. Movements in retained losses

1 April 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year 
Equity dividends (note 7) 
Loss on issue of treasury shares 
B share capital redemption 
B share preference dividend 
Cancellation of shares 
Equity put rights and similar obligations(1) 
Transactions with minority shareholders 
31 March 

Available- 
for-sale 
investments 
reserve 
£m 
1,044 
2,108 
− 
− 
3,152 
1,949 
(570) 
− 
4,531 
(2,383) 
− 
− 
2,148 

Pensions 
reserve 
£m 
(109) 
65 
− 
(15) 
(59) 
(47) 
− 
10 
(96) 
(220) 
− 
57 
(259) 

Asset 
revaluation 
surplus 
£m 
112 
− 
− 
− 
112 
− 
− 
− 
112 
68 
− 
− 
180 

Translation 
reserve 
£m 
3,118 
(3,802) 
763 
22 
101 
5,827 
(7) 
53 
5,974 
12,614 
(3) 
(134) 
18,451 

Other 
£m 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
37 
− 
− 
37 
(56) 
− 
16 
(3) 

2009 
£m 
(81,980) 
3,078 
(4,017) 
(44) 
(15) 
− 
(755) 
− 
(87) 
(83,820) 

2008 
£m 
(85,253) 
6,660 
(3,653) 
(60) 
(7) 
− 
− 
333 
− 
(81,980) 

Note:
(1)   In the year ended 31 March 2008, a charge of £333 million, representing the fair value of put options granted by the Group over the Essar group’s interest in Vodafone Essar, has been recognised  

as an expense. The offsetting credit was recognised in retained losses, as no equivalent liability arose in respect of the fair value of the put options granted.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    101

Financials

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£m
128
−
−
−
5,713
3,291
−
9,132
−
−
7
915
−
10,054
–
–
–
32
–
–
15
–
10,101

Total 
£m
4,165
(1,629)
763
7
3,306
7,766
(577)
63
10,558
10,023
(3)
(61)
20,517

Restated 
2007 
£m
(67,431)
(5,351)
(3,566)
(43)
(5,713)
(3,291)
–
142
−
(85,253)

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

24. Capital and financial risk management
Capital management
The following table summarises the capital of the Group:

Cash and cash equivalents 
Derivative financial instruments 
Borrowings 
Net debt 
Equity 
Capital 

2009 
£m 
(4,878) 
(2,272) 
41,373 
34,223 
84,777 
119,000 

2008 
£m
(1,699)
(348)
27,194
25,147
76,471
101,618

The Group’s policy is to borrow centrally, using a mixture of long term and short term 
capital  market  issues  and  borrowing  facilities,  to  meet  anticipated  funding 
requirements. These borrowings, together with cash generated from operations, are 
loaned internally or contributed as equity to certain subsidiaries. The Board has 
approved three internal debt protection ratios, being: net interest to operating cash flow 
(plus dividends from associated undertakings); retained cash flow (operating cash 
flow plus dividends from associated undertakings less interest, tax, dividends to 
minorities and equity dividends) to net debt; and operating cash flow (plus dividends 
from associated undertakings) to net debt. These internal ratios establish levels of debt 
that the Group should not exceed other than for relatively short periods of time and are 
shared with the Group’s debt rating agencies, being Moody’s, Fitch Ratings and Standard 
& Poor’s. The Group complied with these ratios throughout the financial year.

The Group has investments in repurchase agreements which are fully collateralised 
investments. The collateral is sovereign and supranational debt of major EU countries 
denominated in euros and US dollars and can be readily converted to cash. In the 
event of any default, ownership of the collateral would revert to the Group. Detailed 
below is the value of the collateral held by the Group at 31 March 2009:

Sovereign 
Supranational 

2009 
£m 
544 
104 
648 

2008 
£m
418
60
478

In  respect  of  financial  instruments  used  by  the  Group’s  treasury  function,  the 
aggregate credit risk the Group may have with one counterparty is limited by firstly, 
reference to the long term credit ratings assigned for that counterparty by Moody’s, 
Fitch Ratings and Standard & Poor’s and secondly, as a consequence of collateral 
support agreements introduced from the fourth quarter of 2008. Under collateral 
support agreements, the Group’s exposure to a counterparty with whom a collateral 
support agreement is in place is reduced to the extent that the counterparty must 
post  cash  collateral  when  there  is  value  due  to  the  Group  under  outstanding 
derivative contracts that exceeds a contractually agreed threshold amount. When 
value is due to the counterparty, the Group is required to post collateral on identical 
terms. Such cash collateral is adjusted daily as necessary. 

In the event of any default, ownership of the cash collateral would revert to the 
respective holder at that point. Detailed below is the value of the cash collateral, 
which is reported within short term borrowings, held by the Group at 31 March 2009:

Financial risk management
The Group’s treasury function provides a centralised service to the Group for funding, 
foreign exchange, interest rate management and counterparty risk management. 

Cash collateral 

2009 
£m 
691 

2008 
£m
–

Treasury operations are conducted within a framework of policies and guidelines 
authorised and reviewed annually by the Board, most recently on 23 September 2008. 
A treasury risk committee, comprising of the Group’s Chief Financial Officer, Group 
General Counsel and Company Secretary, Corporate Finance Director and Director of 
Financial Reporting, meets at least annually to review treasury activities and its 
members receive management information relating to treasury activities on a quarterly 
basis. The Group accounting function, which does not report to the Group Corporate 
Finance Director, provides regular update reports of treasury activity to the Board. The 
Group’s internal auditors review the internal control environment regularly. 

The Group uses a number of derivative instruments that are transacted, for currency 
and interest rate risk management purposes only, by specialist treasury personnel. 
In  light  of  the  current  financial  crisis  within  the  banking  sector,  the  Group  has 
reviewed the types of financial risk it faces and continues to monitor these on an 
ongoing basis. The Group considers that credit risk has increased in the banking 
sector and has mitigated this risk by the introduction of collateral support agreements 
for certain counterparties. 

Credit risk
The Group considers its exposure to credit risk at 31 March to be as follows:

The majority of the Group’s trade receivables are due for maturity within 90 days and 
largely comprise amounts receivable from consumers and business customers. At 
31 March 2009, £1,987 million (2008: £1,546 million) of trade receivables were not 
yet due for payment. Total trade receivables consisted of £2,798 million (2008: 
£2,881 million) relating to the Europe region, £561 million (2008: £396 million) 
relating to the Africa and Central Europe region and £448 million (2008: £321 million) 
relating to the Asia Pacific and Middle East region. Accounts are monitored by 
management  and  provisions  for  bad  and  doubtful  debts  raised  where  it  is 
deemed appropriate. 

The following table presents ageing of receivables that are past due and are presented 
net of provisions for doubtful receivables that have been established.

30 days or less 
Between 31 – 60 days 
Between 61 – 180 days 
Greater than 180 days 

2009 
£m 
1,430 
131 
121 
138 
1,820 

2008 
£m
1,714
117
115
106
2,052

Bank deposits 
Repurchase agreements 
Money market fund investments 
Commercial paper investments 
Derivative financial instruments 
Other investments – debt and bonds 
Trade receivables 

2009 
£m 
811 
648 
3,419 
– 
2,707 
2,114 
3,807 
13,506 

2008 
£m
451
478
477
293
892
1,376
3,598 
7,565

Money market investments are in accordance with established internal treasury 
policies which dictate that an investment’s long term credit rating is no lower than 
single A. Additionally, the Group invests in AAA unsecured money market mutual 
funds where the investment is limited to 10% of each fund.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited given that 
the Group’s customer base is large and unrelated. Due to this, management believes 
there is no further credit risk provision required in excess of the normal provision for 
bad  and  doubtful  receivables.  Amounts  charged  to  administrative  expenses 
during the year ended 31 March 2009 were £423 million (2008: £293 million, 2007: 
£201 million) (see note 17).

The  Group  has  other  investments  in  preferred  equity  and  a  subordinated  loan 
received as part of the disposal of Vodafone Japan to SoftBank in the 2007 financial 
year. The carrying value of those investments at 31 March 2009 was £2,073 million 
(2008: £1,346 million).

102    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Financials

Under  the  Group’s  foreign  exchange  management  policy,  foreign  exchange 
transaction exposure in Group companies is generally maintained at the lower  
of  €5  million  per  currency  per  month  or  €15  million  per  currency  over  a  six   
month period. The Group is exposed to profit and loss account volatility on the 
retranslation of certain investments received upon the disposal of Vodafone Japan 
to SoftBank which are yen denominated financial instruments but are owned by legal 
entities with either a sterling or euro functional currency. In addition, a US dollar 
denominated financial liability arising from the put rights granted over the Essar 
Group’s interests in Vodafone Essar in the 2008 financial year and discussed on page 
44, were granted by a legal entity with a euro functional currency. A 23%, 10% or 15% 
(2008: 10%, 2% or 1%) change in the ¥/£, ¥/€ or US$/€ exchange rates would have 
a £164 million, £136 million or £496 million (2008: £47 million, £17 million and 
£23 million) impact on profit or loss in relation to these financial instruments.

The Group recognises foreign exchange movements in equity for the translation of 
net investment hedging instruments and balances treated as investments in foreign 
operations. However, there is no net impact on equity for exchange rate movements 
as there would be an offset in the currency translation of the foreign operation.

The following table details the Group’s sensitivity of the Group’s operating profit to a 
strengthening of the Group’s major currencies in which it transacts. The percentage 
movement applied to each currency is based on the average movements in the 
previous three annual reporting periods. Amounts are calculated by retranslating the 
operating profit of each entity whose functional currency is either euro or US dollar.

Euro 12% change – Operating profit 
US dollar 17% change – Operating profit    

2009 
£m
347
632

At 31 March 2008, sensitivity of the Group’s operating profit was analysed for euro 6% 
change and US$ 7% change, representing £357 million and £177 million respectively.

Equity risk
The Group has equity investments, primarily in China Mobile Limited and Bharti 
Infotel Private Limited, which are subject to equity risk. See note 15 for further details 
on the carrying value of these investments.

Liquidity risk 
At 31 March 2009, the Group had US$9.1 billion committed undrawn bank facilities 
and US$15 billion and £5 billion commercial paper programmes, supported by the 
US$9.1 billion committed bank facilities, available to manage its liquidity. The Group 
uses  commercial  paper  and  bank  facilities  to  manage  short  term  liquidity  and 
manages long term liquidity by raising funds on capital markets. 

During the year, US$4.1 billion of the committed facility was extended from a maturity 
of 24 June 2009 to 28 July 2011. The remaining US$5 billion has a maturity of 22 June 
2012. Both facilities have remained undrawn throughout the financial year and since 
year end and provide liquidity support.

The Group manages liquidity risk on long term borrowings by maintaining a varied 
maturity profile with a cap on the level of debt maturing in any one calendar year, 
therefore minimising refinancing risk. Long term borrowings mature between one 
and 28 years.

Liquidity is reviewed daily on at least a 12 month rolling basis and stress tested on the 
assumption that all commercial paper outstanding matures and is not reissued. The 
Group maintains substantial cash and cash equivalents, which at 31 March 2009 
amounted to £4,878 million (2008: £1,699 million).

Market risk
Interest rate management
Under the Group’s interest rate management policy, interest rates on monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in euros, US dollars and sterling are maintained 
on a floating rate basis, unless the forecast interest charge for the next 12 months 
is material in relation to forecast results, in which case rates are fixed. Where assets 
and  liabilities  are  denominated  in  other  currencies,  interest  rates  may  also  be 
fixed. In addition, fixing is undertaken for longer periods when interest rates are 
statistically low.

At 31 March 2009, 43% (2008: 77%) of the Group’s gross borrowings were fixed for a 
period of at least one year. For each one hundred basis point fall or rise in market 
interest rates for all currencies in which the Group had borrowings at 31 March 2009 
there would be a reduction or increase in profit before tax by approximately £175 million 
(2008: increase or reduce by £3 million), including mark-to-market revaluations of 
interest rate and other derivatives and the potential interest on outstanding tax 
issues. There would be no material impact on equity.

Foreign exchange management
As Vodafone’s primary listing is on the London Stock Exchange, its share price is 
quoted in sterling. Since the sterling share price represents the value of its future 
multi-currency cash flows, principally in euro, US dollars and sterling, the Group 
maintains the currency of debt and interest charges in proportion to its expected 
future principal multi-currency cash flows and has a policy to hedge external foreign 
exchange risks on transactions denominated in other currencies above certain de 
minimis levels. As the Group’s future cash flows are increasingly likely to be derived 
from emerging markets, it is likely that more debt in emerging market currencies will 
be drawn.

As such, at 31 March 2009, 117% of net debt was denominated in currencies other 
than sterling (57% euro, 46% US dollar and 14% other), while 17% of net debt had 
been  purchased  forward  in  sterling  in  anticipation  of  sterling  denominated 
shareholder returns via dividends. This allows euro, US dollar and other debt to be 
serviced in proportion to expected future cash flows and, therefore, provides a 
partial hedge against income statement translation exposure, as interest costs will 
be denominated in foreign currencies. Yen debt is used as a hedge against the value 
of yen assets as the Group has minimal yen cash flows. A relative weakening in the 
value of sterling against certain currencies in which the Group maintains cash 
and cash equivalents has resulted in an increase in cash and cash equivalents of 
£371 million from currency translation differences in the year ended 31 March 2009 
(2008: £129 million).

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    103

 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

25. Borrowings
Carrying value and fair value information

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost:

Bank loans 
Bank overdrafts 
Redeemable preference shares 
Commercial paper 
Bonds 
Other liabilities(1) 

Bonds in fair value hedge relationships 

Note: 
(1)   At 31 March 2009, amount includes £691 million (2008: £nil) in relation to collateral support agreements.

The fair value and carrying value of the Group’s short term borrowings is as follows:

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 
Bonds in fair value hedge relationships: 

4.25% euro 1,859 million bonds due May 2009 
4.75% euro 859 million bond due May 2009 
7.75% US dollar 2,582 million bond due February 2010 
5.5% euro 400 million bond due July 2008 
6.25% sterling 400 million bond due July 2008    
6.65% US dollar 500 million bond due May 2008 
4.0% euro 300 million bond due January 2009   

Short term borrowings 

Short term 
borrowings 
£m 

Long term 
borrowings 
£m 

893 
32 
– 
2,659 
515 
1,015 
4,510 
9,624 

5,159 
− 
1,453 
− 
8,064 
4,122 
12,951 
31,749 

2009 

Total 
£m 

6,052 
32 
1,453 
2,659 
8,579 
5,137 
17,461 
41,373 

Short term 
borrowings 
£m 

Long term 
borrowings 
£m 

806 
47 
– 
1,443 
1,125 
306 
805 
4,532 

2,669 
– 
985 
− 
4,439 
3,005 
11,564 
22,662 

2008

Total 
£m

3,475
47
985
1,443
5,564
3,311
12,369
27,194

Sterling equivalent 
nominal value 
2008 
£m 
3,731 
802 
− 
− 
− 
37 
400 
126 
239 
4,533 

2009 
£m 
5,131 
4,320 
1,720 
794 
1,806 
− 
− 
− 
− 
9,451 

2009 
£m 
5,108 
4,397 
1,722 
798 
1,877 
− 
− 
− 
− 
9,505 

Fair value 
2008 
£m 
3,715 
800 
− 
−  
− 
37 
400 
126 
237 
4,515 

  Carrying value
2008 
£m
3,727
805
−
−
−
39
397
130
239
4,532

2009 
£m 
5,114 
4,510 
1,780 
831 
1,899 
− 
− 
− 
− 
9,624 

104    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
The fair value and carrying value of the Group’s long term borrowings is as follows:

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost:
Bank loans 
Redeemable preference shares 
Bonds: 

Euro floating rate note due February 2010 
US dollar floating rate note due June 2011 
Euro floating rate note due January 2012 
US dollar floating rate note due February 2012 
Czech Krona floating rate note due June 2013 
Euro floating rate note due September 2013 
Euro floating rate note due June 2014 
5.125% euro 500 million bond due April 2015 
5% euro 750 million bond due June 2018 
7.875% US dollar 750 million bond due February 2030(1) 
6.25% US dollar 495 million bond due November 2032(1) 
6.15% US dollar 1,700 million bond due February 2037(1) 

Other liabilities(2) 
Bonds in fair value hedge relationships: 

4.25% euro 1,900 million bond due May 2009 
4.75% euro 859 million bond due May 2009 
7.75% US dollar 2,725 million bond due February 2010 
5.875% euro 1,250 million bond due June 2010    
5.5% US dollar 750 million bond due June 2011    
5.35% US dollar 500 million bond due February 2012 
3.625% euro 750 million bond due November 2012 
3.625% euro 250 million bond due November 2012 
6.75% Australian dollar 265 million bond due January 2013 
5.0% US dollar 1,000 million bond due December 2013 
6.875% euro 1,000 million bond due December 2013 
4.625% sterling 350 million bond due September 2014 
4.625% sterling 525 million bond due September 2014 
2.15% Japanese yen 3,000 billion bond due April 2015 
5.375% US dollar 900 million bond due January 2015 
5.0% US dollar 750 million bond due September 2015 
6.25% euro 1,250 million bond due January 2016 
5.75% US dollar 750 million bond due March 2016 
4.75% euro 500 million bond due June 2016 
5.625% US dollar 1,300 million bond due February 2017 
4.625% US dollar 500 million bond due July 2018 
8.125% sterling 450 million bond due November 2018 
5.375% euro 500 million bond June 2022 
5.625% sterling 250 million bond due December 2025 
6.6324% euro 50 million bond due December 2028 
7.875% US dollar 750 million bond due February 2030(1) 
5.9% sterling 450 million bond due November 2032 
6.25% US dollar 495 million bond due November 2032(1) 
6.15% US dollar 1,700 million bond due February 2037(1) 

Long term borrowings 

Financials

Sterling equivalent 
nominal value 
2008 
£m 

2009 
£m 

2009 
£m 

Fair value 
2008 
£m 

  Carrying value
2008 
£m

2009 
£m 

4,993 
1,237 
6,976 
− 
245 
1,203 
350 
18 
786 
1,157 
463 
694 
525 
346 
1,189 
4,314 
11,823 
− 
− 
− 
1,157 
525 
350 
694 
231 
128 
699 
925 
350 
525 
21 
630 
525 
1,157 
525 
463 
909 
350 
450 
463 
250 
46 
− 
450 
− 
− 
29,343 

2,640 
906 
4,368 
239 
176 
1,035 
252 
− 
676 
995 
398 
597 
− 
− 
− 
3,262 
10,863 
1,512 
683 
1,372 
− 
378 
252 
597 
− 
122 
503 
− 
350 
− 
− 
453 
378 
− 
378 
398 
654 
252 
− 
398 
250 
− 
378 
450 
249 
856 
22,039 

5,159 
1,453 
6,559 
− 
227 
1,136 
322 
18 
714 
1,029 
470 
699 
577 
333 
1,034 
4,186 
11,982 
− 
− 
− 
1,195 
544 
357 
689 
230 
127 
713 
1,005 
352 
526 
22 
632 
516 
1,208 
527 
448 
904 
315 
535 
433 
234 
46 
− 
424 
− 
− 
29,339 

2,669 
985 
4,256 
237 
227 
1,007 
236 
− 
644 
930 
397 
578 
− 
− 
− 
3,044 
10,823 
1,509 
695 
1,466 
− 
386 
255 
564 
− 
121 
532 
− 
319 
− 
− 
461 
419 
− 
375 
378 
640 
227 
− 
374 
220 
− 
409 
410 
258 
805 
21,777 

5,159 
1,453 
8,064 
− 
245 
1,218 
350 
18 
788 
1,158 
495 
721 
876 
485 
1,710 
4,122 
12,951 
− 
− 
− 
1,258 
575 
385 
726 
241 
140 
786 
973 
381 
519 
22 
711 
598 
1,182 
614 
512 
1,070 
392 
483 
534 
287 
50 
− 
512 
− 
− 
31,749 

2,669
985
4,439
240
176
1,046
253
−
679
998
427
620
−
−
−
3,005
11,564
1,543
709
1,492
−
410
271
584
−
119
541
−
347
−
−
483
406
−
415
409
716
257
−
420
259
−
514
458
275
936
22,662

Notes:
(1)   During the year ended 31 March 2009, fair value hedge relationships relating to bonds with nominal value US$2,945 million (£2,060 million) were de-designated.
(2)  Amount at 31 March 2009 includes £3,606 million (2008: £2,476 million) in relation to the written put options disclosed in note 12 and written put options granted to the Essar Group that, if exercised,  
would allow the Essar Group to sell its 33% shareholding in Vodafone Essar to the Group for US$5 billion or to sell between US$1 billion and US$5 billion worth of Vodafone Essar shares at an 
independently appraised fair market value.

Fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows with a discount rate based upon forward interest rates available to the Group at the balance sheet date.

Banks loans include a ZAR6.1 billion loan held by Vodafone Holdings SA Pty Limited (‘VHSA’), which directly and indirectly owns the Group’s 50% interest in Vodacom Group 
(Pty) Limited. VHSA has pledged its 100% equity shareholding in Vodafone Investments SA (‘VISA’) as security for its loan obligations. The terms and conditions of the pledge 
mean that should VHSA not meet all of its loan payment and performance obligations, the lenders may sell the equity shareholding in its subsidiary VISA at market value to 
recover their losses, with any remaining sales proceeds being returned to VHSA. Vodafone International Holdings B.V. and VISA have also guaranteed this loan with recourse 
only to the VHSA and Vodafone Telecommunications Investment SA (‘VTISA’) shares they have respectively pledged. The terms and conditions of the security arrangement 
mean the lenders may be able to sell these respective shares in preference to the VISA shares held by VHSA. An arrangement has been put in place where the Vodacom 
Group (Pty) Limited shares held by VHSA and VTISA are held in an escrow account to ensure the shares cannot be sold to satisfy the pledge made by both companies. The 
maximum collateral provided is ZAR6.4 billion, being the carrying value of the bank loan at 31 March 2009 (2008: ZAR7.5 billion). Bank loans also include INR130 billion of 
loans held by Vodafone Essar Limited (‘VEL’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘VEL Group’). The VEL Group has a number of security arrangements supporting its secured loan 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    105

 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

25. Borrowings continued
obligations comprising its physical assets and certain share pledges of the shares under VEL. The terms and conditions of the security arrangements mean that should 
members of the VEL Group not meet all of their loan payment and performance obligations, the lenders may sell the pledged shares and/or assets to recover their losses, 
with any remaining sales proceeds being returned to the VEL Group. Six of the eight legal entities within the VEL Group provide cross guarantees to the lenders.

Maturity of borrowings
The maturity profile of the anticipated future cash flows including interest in relation to the Group’s non-derivative financial liabilities on an undiscounted basis, which, 
therefore, differs from both the carrying value and fair value, is as follows: 

Within one year 
In one to two years 
In two to three years 
In three to four years 
In four to five years 
In more than five years 

Effect of discount/financing rates  
31 March 2009 

Within one year 
In one to two years 
In two to three years 
In three to four years 
In four to five years 
In more than five years 

Effect of discount/financing rates  
31 March 2008 

   Redeemable 

Bank 
loans 
£m 
950 
2,361 
665 
525 
1,345 
342 
6,188 
(136) 
6,052 

838 
369 
1,490 
346 
142 
423 
3,608 
(133) 
3,475 

preference  Commercial 
Paper 
£m 
2,670 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
2,670 
(11) 
2,659 

shares 
£m 
127 
97 
59 
59 
59 
1,517 
1,918 
(465) 
1,453 

43 
104 
77 
43 
43 
1,132 
1,442 
(457) 
985 

1,457 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
1,457 
(14) 
1,443 

Bonds 
£m 
787 
283 
2,105 
269 
1,064 
7,360 
11,868 
(3,289) 
8,579 

1,368 
464 
214 
1,671 
139 
2,990 
6,846 
(1,282) 
5,564 

Other 

   Loans in fair 
value hedge 
liabilities  relationships 
£m 
5,222 
1,808 
1,443 
1,589 
2,118 
8,928 
21,108 
(3,647) 
17,461 

£m 
1,053 
3,663 
25 
314 
252 
71 
5,378 
(209) 
5,169 

343 
122 
2,744 
12 
234 
163 
3,618 
(260) 
3,358 

1,443 
4,168 
398 
1,016 
1,082 
9,459 
17,566 
(5,197) 
12,369 

Total 
£m
10,809
8,212
4,297
2,756
4,838
18,218
49,130
(7,757)
41,373

5,492
5,227
4,923
3,088
1,640
14,167
34,537
(7,343)
27,194

The maturity profile of the Group’s financial derivatives (which include interest rate and foreign exchange swaps), using undiscounted cash flows, is as follows:

Within one year 
In one to two years 
In two to three years 
In three to four years 
In four to five years 
In more than five years 

The currency split of the Group’s foreign exchange derivatives, all of which mature in less than one year, is as follows: 

Sterling 
Euro 
US dollar 
Japanese yen 
Other 

Payable 
£m 
9,003 
592 
739 
765 
743 
7,062 
18,904 

2009 
Receivable 
£m 
9,231 
668 
609 
603 
577 
5,129 
16,817 

Payable 
£m 
14,931 
433 
378 
399 
380 
3,662 
20,183 

2008
Receivable 
£m
14,749
644
441
430
406
4,637
21,307

Payable 
£m 
− 
5,595 
2,527 
214 
81 
8,417 

2009 
Receivable 
£m 
6,039 
13 
1,127 
20 
1,285 
8,484 

Payable 
£m 
2,126 
10,111 
2,076 
27 
42 
14,382 

2008
Receivable 
£m
8,262
–
4,992
15
797
14,066

Payables and receivables are stated separately in the table above as settlement is on a gross basis. The £67 million net receivable (2008: £316 million net payable)  
in relation to foreign exchange financial instruments in the table above is split £37 million (2008: £358 million) within trade and other payables and £104 million  
(2008: £42 million) within trade and other receivables.

The present value of minimum lease payments under finance lease arrangements under which the Group has leased certain of its equipment is analysed as follows:

Within one year 
In two to five years 
In more than five years 

106    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

2009 
£m 
10 
42 
18 

2008 
£m
9
37
24

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Interest rate and currency of borrowings

Currency 
Sterling 
Euro 
US dollar 
Japanese yen 
Other 
31 March 2009 

Sterling 
Euro 
US dollar 
Japanese yen 
Other 
31 March 2008 

Total  Floating rate 
borrowings 
£m 
2,549 
13,605 
10,565 
2,660 
3,323 
32,702 

borrowings 
£m 
2,549 
15,126 
17,242 
2,660 
3,796 
41,373 

1,563 
10,787 
10,932 
1,516 
2,396 
27,194 

1,563 
9,673 
8,456 
1,516 
2,396 
23,604 

Fixed rate 

Other 

borrowings(1)  borrowings(2) 

£m 
− 
1,521 
3,071 
− 
473 
5,065 

– 
1,114 
– 
– 
– 
1,114 

£m
−
−
3,606
−
−
3,606

–
–
2,476
–
–
2,476

Notes:
(1)   The weighted average interest rate for the Group’s euro denominated fixed rate borrowings 
is  5.1%  (2008:  5.1%).  The  weighted  average  time  for  which  the  rates  are  fixed  is  6.7  years  
(2008: 8.8 years). The weighted average interest rate for the Group’s US dollar denominated 
fixed rate borrowings is 6.6%. The weighted average time for which the rates are fixed is 25.4 years. 
The Group had no US dollar fixed rate borrowings in 2008. The weighted average interest rate for 
the Group’s other currency fixed rate borrowings is 10.1%. The weighted average time for which 
the rates are fixed is 2.5 years. The Group had no other currency fixed rate borrowings in 2008.
(2)  Other borrowings of £3,606 million (2008: £2,476 million) are the liabilities arising under put 

options granted over direct and indirect interests in Vodafone Essar.

The figures shown in the tables above take into account interest rate swaps used 
to manage the interest rate profile of financial liabilities. Interest on floating rate 
borrowings is generally based on national LIBOR equivalents or government bond 
rates in the relevant currencies.

At 31 March 2009, the Group had entered into foreign exchange contracts to decrease 
its sterling and other currency borrowings above by amounts equal to £6,039 million 
and £1,204 million respectively and to increase its euro, US dollar and Japanese yen 
borrowings  above  by  amounts  equal  to  £5,582  million,  £1,400  million  and 
£194 million respectively.

At  31  March  2008,  the  Group  had  entered  into  foreign  exchange  contracts  to 
decrease its sterling, US dollar and other currency borrowings above by amounts 
equal to £6,136 million, £2,916 million and £755 million respectively and to increase 
its euro and Japanese yen borrowings above by amounts equal to £10,111 million and 
£12 million respectively.

Further protection from euro and Indian rupee interest rate movements on debt is 
provided by interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps, respectively. At 31 March 
2009, the Group had euro denominated interest rate swaps for amounts equal to 
£4,626 million and Indian rupee denominated cross currency swaps for amounts 
equal to £125 million. The average effective rate which has been fixed, is 2.99% in 
relation to euro denominated interest rate swaps and 6.89% in relation to Indian 
rupee denominated cross currency swaps.

The Group has entered into euro and US dollar denominated interest rate futures. The 
euro denominated interest rate futures cover the period June 2009 to September 
2009, September 2009 to December 2009 and December 2009 to March 2010 for 
amounts equal to £6,845 million (2008: £5,887 million), £6,061 million (2008: £nil) 
and £3,931 million (2008: nil), respectively. The average effective rate which has been 
fixed, is 3.96%. The US dollar denominated interest rate futures cover the period June 
2009 to September 2009, September 2009 to December 2009 and December 2009 
to  March  2010  for  amounts  equal  to  £7,003  million  (2008:  £5,040  million), 
£7,871 million (2008: £nil) and £9,333 million (2008: £nil), respectively. The average 
effective rate which has been fixed, is 3.47%.

Borrowing facilities 
At 31 March 2009, the Group’s most significant committed borrowing facilities 
comprised two bank facilities of US$4,115 million (£2,878 million) and US$5,025 
million (£3,514 million) both expiring between two and five years (2008: two bank 
facilities of US$6,125 million (£3,083 million) and US$5,200 million (£2,617 million)), 
a ¥259 billion (£1,820 million, 2008: ¥259 billion (£1,306 million)) term credit facility, 
which expires between one and two years and two loan facilities of €400 million 

Financials

(£370 million) and €350 million (£324 million) expiring between two and five years 
and in more than five years, respectively (2008: one loan facility of €400 million 
(£318  million)).  The  US  dollar  bank  facilities  remained  undrawn  throughout 
the financial year, the ¥259 billion term credit facility was fully drawn down on 
21 December 2005 and the €400 million and €350 million loan facilities were fully 
drawn on 14 February 2007 and 12 August 2008, respectively.

Under the terms and conditions of the US$4,115 million and US$5,025 million bank 
facilities, lenders have the right, but not the obligation, to cancel their commitment 
30 days from the date of notification of a change of control of the Company and have 
outstanding advances repaid on the last day of the current interest period. 

The facility agreements provide for certain structural changes that do not affect the 
obligations of the Company to be specifically excluded from the definition of a 
change  of  control.  This  is  in  addition  to  the  rights  of  lenders  to  cancel  their 
commitment if the Company has committed an event of default. 

Substantially the same terms and conditions apply in the case of Vodafone Finance 
K.K.’s ¥259 billion term credit facility, although the change of control provision is 
applicable to any guarantor of borrowings under the term credit facility. Additionally, 
the facility agreement requires Vodafone Finance K.K. to maintain a positive tangible 
net worth at the end of each financial year. As of 31 March 2009, the Company was 
the sole guarantor. 

The terms and conditions of the €400 million loan facility are similar to those of the 
US dollar bank facilities, with the addition that, should the Group’s Turkish operating 
company spend less than the equivalent of US$800 million on capital expenditure, 
the Group will be required to repay the drawn amount of the facility that exceeds 50% 
of the capital expenditure.

The terms and conditions of the €350 million loan facility are similar to those of the 
US dollar bank facilities, with the addition that, should the Group’s Italian operating 
company spend less than the equivalent of €1,500 million on capital expenditure, 
the Group will be required to repay the drawn amount of the facility that exceeds 18% 
of the capital expenditure.

In addition to the above, certain of the Group’s subsidiaries had committed facilities 
at 31 March 2009 of £4,725 million (2008: £2,548 million) in aggregate, of which 
£1,571 million (2008: £473 million) was undrawn. Of the total committed facilities, 
£675 million (2008: £1,031 million) expires in less than one year, £2,275 million 
(2008: £743 million) expires between two and five years, and £1,775 million (2008: 
£774 million) expires in more than five years. The increase in 2009 is predominantly 
due to additional Vodafone Essar facilities totalling £1,875 million.

Redeemable preference shares
Redeemable preference shares comprise class D and E preferred shares issued by 
Vodafone Americas, Inc. An annual dividend of US$51.43 per class D and E preferred 
share is payable quarterly in arrears. The dividend for the year amounted to £51 million 
(2008: £42 million). The aggregate redemption value of the class D and E preferred 
shares is US$1.65 billion. The holders of the preferred shares are entitled to vote on the 
election of directors and upon each other matter coming before any meeting of the 
shareholders on which the holders of ordinary shares are entitled to vote. Holders are 
entitled to vote on the basis of twelve votes for each share of class D or E preferred stock 
held. The maturity date of the 825,000 class D preferred shares is 6 April 2020. The 
825,000 class E preferred shares have a maturity date of 1 April 2020. The class D and 
E preferred shares have a redemption price of US$1,000 per share plus all accrued and 
unpaid dividends.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    107

 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

The expected return on assets assumptions are derived by considering the expected 
long term rates of return on plan investments. The overall rate of return is a weighted 
average of the expected returns of the individual investments made in the group 
plans. The long term rates of return on equities and property are derived from 
considering current risk free rates of return with the addition of an appropriate future 
risk premium from an analysis of historic returns in various countries. The long term 
rates of return on bonds and cash investments are set in line with market yields 
currently available at the balance sheet date.

Mortality  assumptions  used  are  consistent  with  those  recommended  by  the 
individual scheme actuaries and reflect the latest available tables, adjusted for the 
experience of the Group where appropriate. The largest scheme in the Group is the 
UK scheme and the tables used for this scheme indicate a further life expectancy for 
a male/female pensioner currently aged 65 of 22.0/24.8 years (2008: 22.0/24.8 years, 
2007:  19.4/22.4  years)  and  a  further  life  expectancy  from  age  65  for  a  male/ 
female  non-pensioner  member  currently  aged  40  of  23.2/26.0  years  (2008: 
23.2/26.0 years, 2007: 22.1/25.1 years).

Measurement of the Group’s defined benefit retirement obligations are particularly 
sensitive to changes in certain key assumptions, including the discount rate. An 
increase or decrease in the discount rate of 0.5% would result in a £119 million 
decrease or a £128 million increase in the defined benefit obligation, respectively.

Charges made to the consolidated income statement and consolidated statement 
of recognised income and expense (‘SORIE’) on the basis of the assumptions stated 
above are:  

Current service cost 
Interest cost 
Expected return on pension assets 
Curtailment 
Total included within staff costs  

Actuarial losses/(gains) recognised  
in the consolidated SORIE 
Cumulative actuarial losses recognised  
in the consolidated SORIE 

2009 
£m 
46 
83 
(92) 
3 
40 

220 

347 

2008 
£m 
53 
69 
(89) 
(5) 
28 

47 

127 

2007 
£m
 74
 61
(73)
−
 62

(65)

80

26. Post employment benefits
Background
At 31 March 2009, the Group operated a number of pension plans for the benefit of 
its employees throughout the world, which vary depending on the conditions and 
practices  in  the  countries  concerned.  The  Group’s  pension  plans  are  provided 
through both defined benefit and defined contribution arrangements. Defined 
benefit schemes provide benefits based on the employees’ length of pensionable 
service and their final pensionable salary or other criteria. Defined contribution 
schemes offer employees individual funds that are converted into benefits at the 
time of retirement.

The principal defined benefit pension scheme of the Group is in the United Kingdom. 
This tax approved final salary scheme was closed to new entrants from 1 January 
2006. The assets of the scheme are held in an external trustee administered fund. In 
addition, the Group operates defined benefit schemes in Germany, Ghana, Greece, 
India, Ireland, Italy, Turkey and the United States. Defined contribution pension 
schemes are currently provided in Australia, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, 
Kenya, Malta, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and the 
United Kingdom.

Income statement expense

Defined contribution schemes 
Defined benefit schemes 
Total amount charged to the  
income statement (note 36) 

2009 
£m 
73 
40 

113 

2008 
£m 
63 
28 

91 

2007 
£m
32
62

94

Defined benefit schemes
The  principal  actuarial  assumptions  used  for  estimating  the  Group’s  benefit 
obligations are set out below:

Weighted average actuarial
assumptions used at 31 March:
Rate of inflation 
Rate of increase in salaries 
Rate of increase in pensions in  
payment and deferred pensions 
Discount rate 
Expected rates of return:
Equities 
Bonds(2) 
Other assets 

2009(1) 

2008(1) 

2007(1)

2.6% 
3.7% 

2.6% 
6.3% 

8.4% 
5.7% 
3.7% 

3.1% 
4.3% 

3.1% 
6.1% 

8.0% 
4.4% 
1.3% 

2.7%
4.4%

2.7%
5.1%

7.8%
4.8%
5.3%

Notes:
(1)  Figures shown represent a weighted average assumption of the individual schemes.
(2)   For the year ended 31 March 2009 the expected rate of return for bonds consisted of a 6.1% rate 
of return for corporate bonds (2008: 4.7%, 2007: 5.1%) and a 4.0% rate of return for government 
bonds (2008: 3.5%, 2007: 4.0%).

108    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Fair value of the assets and present value of the liabilities of the schemes
The amount included in the balance sheet arising from the Group’s obligations in respect of its defined benefit schemes is as follows:

Financials

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m

Movement in pension assets:
1 April 
Exchange rate movements 
Expected return on pension assets 
Actuarial (losses)/gains 
Employer cash contributions 
Member cash contributions 
Benefits paid 
31 March 

Movement in pension liabilities:
1 April 
Exchange rate movements 
Arising on acquisition 
Current service cost 
Interest cost  
Member cash contributions 
Actuarial gains 
Benefits paid 
Other movements 
31 March 

1,271 
50 
92 
(381) 
98 
15 
(45) 
1,100 

1,310 
69 
33 
46 
83 
15 
(161) 
(45) 
(18) 
1,332 

1,251 
50 
89 
(176) 
86 
13 
(42) 
1,271 

1,292 
60 
– 
53 
69 
13 
(129) 
(42) 
(6) 
1,310 

An analysis of net assets/(deficits) is provided below for the Group’s principal defined benefit pension scheme in the UK and for the Group as a whole.

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m 

2006 
£m 

UK 
2005 
£m 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m 

2006 
£m 

1,123
(7) 
73
26
55
13 
(32)
1,251

1,224
(13)
–
74
61
13
(39)
(32)
4
1,292

Group
2005 
£m

Analysis of net assets/(deficits):
Total fair value of scheme assets 
Present value of funded  
scheme liabilities 
Net (deficit)/assets for  
funded schemes 
Present value of unfunded  
scheme liabilities 
Net (deficit)/assets 
Net assets/(deficit) are analysed as:
Assets 
Liabilities 

755 

934 

954 

835 

628 

1,100 

1,271 

1,251 

1,123 

874

(815) 

(902) 

(901) 

(847) 

(619) 

(1,196) 

(1,217) 

(1,194) 

(1,128) 

(918)

(60) 

(8) 
(68) 

− 
(68) 

32 

− 
32 

32 
− 

53 

− 
53 

53 
− 

(12) 

− 
(12) 

− 
(12)  

9 

− 
9 

9 
− 

(96) 

54 

(136) 
(232) 

8 
(240) 

(93) 
(39) 

65 
(104) 

57 

(98) 
(41) 

82  
(123)  

(5) 

(44)

(96) 
(101) 

 19 
 (120) 

(80)
(124)

12
(136)

It is expected that contributions of £88 million will be paid into the Group’s defined benefit retirement schemes during the year ending 31 March 2010.

Actual return on pension assets

Actual return on pension assets 

Analysis of pension assets at 31 March is as follows: 
Equities 
Bonds 
Property 
Other 

2009 
£m 
(289) 

% 
55.6 
41.9 
0.4 
2.1 
100.0 

2008 
£m 
(87) 

% 
68.5 
17.7 
0.3 
13.5 
100.0 

The schemes have no direct investments in the Group’s equity securities or in property currently used by the Group.

History of experience adjustments

Experience adjustments on pension liabilities:
Amount 
Percentage of pension liabilities 

Experience adjustments on pension assets:
Amount 
Percentage of pension assets 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

2007 
£m 

2006 
£m 

6 
− 

(5) 
− 

(381) 
(35%) 

(176) 
(14%) 

(2) 
− 

26 
2% 

(4) 
− 

121 
11% 

2007
£m
99

% 
72.1
27.5
0.4
−
100.0

2005 
£m

(60)
6%

24
3%

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    109

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

27. Provisions 

1 April 2007 
Exchange movements 
Arising on acquisition 
Amounts capitalised in the year 
Amounts charged to the income statement 
Utilised in the year − payments 
Amounts released to the income statement 
Other 
31 March 2008 
Exchange movements 
Amounts capitalised in the year 
Amounts charged to the income statement 
Utilised in the year − payments 
Amounts released to the income statement 
Other 
31 March 2009 

Provisions have been analysed between current and non-current as follows:

Current liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 

Asset 
retirement 
obligations 
£m 
159 
27 
11 
27 
− 
(6) 
− 
(10) 
208 
34 
111 
− 
(4) 
− 
12 
361 

Other 
provisions 
£m 
404 
36 
2 
− 
224 
(77) 
(117) 
(18) 
454 
75 
− 
194 
(106) 
(72) 
− 
545 

2009 
£m 
373 
533 
906 

Total 
£m
563
63
13
27
224
(83)
(117)
(28)
662
109
111
194
(110)
(72)
12
906

2008 
£m
356
306
662

Asset retirement obligations
In the course of the Group’s activities, a number of sites and other assets are utilised which are expected to have costs associated with exiting and ceasing their use. 
The associated cash outflows are generally expected to occur at the dates of exit of the assets to which they relate, which are long term in nature.

Other provisions
Included within other provisions are provisions for legal and regulatory disputes and amounts provided for property and restructuring costs. The Group is involved in a 
number of legal and other disputes, including notification of possible claims. The directors of the Company, after taking legal advice, have established provisions after taking 
into account the facts of each case. The timing of cash outflows associated with legal claims cannot be reasonably determined. For a discussion of certain legal issues 
potentially affecting the Group, refer to note 33 “Contingent liabilities”. The associated cash outflows for restructuring costs are substantially short term in nature. The timing 
of the cash flows associated with property is dependent upon the remaining term of the associated lease.

28. Trade and other payables

Included within non-current liabilities:
Derivative financial instruments 
Other payables 
Accruals and deferred income 

Included within current liabilities:
Trade payables 
Amounts owed to associated undertakings 
Other taxes and social security payable 
Derivative financial instruments 
Other payables 
Accruals and deferred income 

2009 
£m 

398 
91 
322 
811 

2008 
£m

173
99
373
645

3,160 
18 
762 
37 
1,163 
8,258 
13,398 

2,963
22
666
371
442
7,498
11,962

The carrying amounts of trade and other payables approximate their fair value. The fair values of the derivative financial instruments are calculated by discounting the future 
cash flows to net present values using appropriate market interest and foreign currency rates prevailing at 31 March.

Included within “Derivative financial instruments”: 
Fair value through the income statement (held for trading):

Interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange swaps 

Fair value hedges:

Interest rate swaps 

110    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

381 
37 
418 

17 
435 

160
358
518

26
544

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
29. Acquisitions
The aggregate cash consideration in respect of purchases of interests in subsidiary undertakings and joint ventures, net of cash acquired, is as follows:

Cash consideration paid:
Arcor (26.4%)(1) 
Ghana Telecommunications (70.0%) 
Other acquisitions completed during the year 
Other minority interest acquisitions 
Acquisitions completed in previous years 

Net overdrafts acquired 

Financials

£m

366
486
457
38
24
1,371
18
1,389

Note:
(1)   This acquisition has been accounted for as a transaction between shareholders. Accordingly, the difference between the cash consideration paid and the carrying value of net assets attributable to 

minority interests has been accounted for as a charge to retained losses.

Total goodwill acquired was £663 million and included £344 million in relation to Ghana Telecommunications and £319 million in relation to other acquisitions 
completed during the year. In addition, amendments to provisional purchase price allocations on acquisitions completed in previous years resulted in a reduction in goodwill 
of £50 million.

Ghana Telecommunications Company Limited (‘Ghana Telecommunications’)
On 17 August 2008, the Group completed the acquisition of 70.0% of Ghana Telecommunications for cash consideration of £486 million, all of which was paid during the 
year. The initial purchase price allocation has been determined provisionally pending the completion of the final valuation of the fair value of net assets acquired.

Net assets acquired:
Identifiable intangible assets(1) 
Property, plant and equipment 
Inventory 
Trade and other receivables 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Other 
Net identifiable assets acquired 
Goodwill(2) 
Total asset acquired 
Minority interests 
Total consideration (including £3 million of directly attributable costs) 

Fair value 
Book value  adjustments 
£m 

£m 

Fair value 
£m

− 
171 
10 
25 
(8) 
(100) 
(33) 
65 

136 
− 
− 
− 
(34) 
−  
− 
102 

136
171
10
25
(42)
(100)
(33)
167
344
511
(25)
486

Notes:
(1)   Identifiable intangible assets of £136 million consist of licences and spectrum fees of £112 million and other intangible assets of £24 million. The weighted average lives of licences and spectrum fees, 

other intangible assets and total intangible assets are 11 years, one year and ten years respectively.

(2)  The goodwill is attributable to the expected profitability of the acquired business and the synergies expected to arise after the Group’s acquisition of Ghana Telecommunications.

The results of the acquired entity have been consolidated in the income statement from the date of acquisition. From the date of acquisition, the acquired entity reduced 
the profit attributable to equity shareholders of the Group by £389 million.

Pro forma full year information
The following unaudited pro forma summary presents the Group as if Ghana Telecommunications had been acquired on 1 April 2008. The impact of other acquisitions on 
the pro forma amounts disclosed below is not significant. The pro forma amounts include the results of Ghana Telecommunications, amortisation of the acquired intangible 
assets recognised on acquisition and the interest expense on the increase in net debt as a result of the acquisitions. The pro forma amounts do not include any possible 
synergies from the acquisition of Ghana Telecommunications. The pro forma information is provided for comparative purposes only and does not necessarily reflect the 
actual results that would have occurred, nor is it necessarily indicative of future results of operations of the combined companies.

Revenue 
Profit for the financial year 
Profit attributable to equity shareholders 

Basic earnings per share  
Diluted earnings per share 

2009 
£m
41,069
3,052
3,050

Pence
5.78
5.76

Other
During the 2009 financial year, the Group completed a number of smaller acquisitions for aggregate cash consideration of £475 million, including £18 million net overdrafts 
acquired, with £457 million of the net cash consideration paid during the year. The aggregate fair values of goodwill, identifiable assets, and liabilities of the acquired 
operations were £319 million, £378 million and £240 million, respectively.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    111

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

30. Disposals and discontinued operations
India – Bharti Airtel Limited
On 9 May 2007 and in conjunction with the acquisition of Vodafone Essar, the Group entered into a share sale and purchase agreement in which a Bharti group company 
irrevocably agreed to purchase the Group’s 5.60% direct shareholding in Bharti Airtel Limited. During the year ended 31 March 2008, the Group received £654 million in 
cash consideration for 4.99% of such shareholding and recognised a net gain on disposal of £250 million, reported in non-operating income and expense. The Group’s 
remaining 0.61% direct shareholding was transferred in April 2008 for cash consideration of £87 million.

Belgium and Switzerland – Belgacom Mobile S.A. and Swisscom Mobile A.G.
During the year ended 31 March 2007, the Group disposed of its 25% interest in Belgacom Mobile S.A. to Belgacom S.A. and its 25% interest in Swisscom Mobile A.G.  
to Swisscom A.G. These transactions completed on 3 November 2006 and 20 December 2006, respectively. The carrying value of these investments at disposal and the 
cash effects of the transactions are summarised in the table below:

Net assets disposed 
Total cash consideration 
Other effects(1) 
Net gain on disposal(2) 

Belgacom 
Mobile 
£m 
(901) 
1,343 
(1) 
441 

Swisscom 
Mobile 
£m
(1,664)
1,776
(44)
68

Notes:
(1)   Other effects include foreign exchange gains and losses transferred to the income statement and professional fees related to the disposal.
(2) Reported in other income and expense in the consolidated income statement.

Japan – Vodafone K.K.
On 17 March 2006, the Group announced an agreement to sell its 97.7% holding in Vodafone K.K. to SoftBank. The transaction completed on 27 April 2006, with the Group 
receiving cash of approximately ¥1.42 trillion (£6.9 billion), including the repayment of intercompany debt of ¥0.16 trillion (£0.8 billion). In addition, the Group received non-cash 
consideration with a fair value of approximately ¥0.23 trillion (£1.1 billion), comprised of preferred equity and a subordinated loan. SoftBank also assumed debt of 
approximately ¥0.13 trillion (£0.6 billion). Vodafone K.K. represented a separate geographical area of operation and, on this basis, Vodafone K.K. was treated as a discontinued 
operation in Vodafone Group Plc’s annual report for the year ended 31 March 2006.

Income statement and segment analysis of discontinued operations

Segment revenue 
Inter-segment revenue 
Net revenue 
Operating expenses 
Depreciation and amortisation(1) 
Impairment loss 
Operating profit/(loss) 
Net financing costs 
Profit/(loss) before taxation 
Taxation relating to performance of discontinued operations 
Loss on disposal(2) 
Taxation relating to the classification of the discontinued operations 
Loss for the financial year from discontinued operations(3)    

Basic loss per share 
Diluted loss per share 

Notes:
(1)  Including gains and losses on disposal of fixed assets.
(2) Includes £719 million of foreign exchange differences transferred to the income statement on disposal.
(3)  Amount attributable to equity shareholders for the year ended 31 March 2007 was a loss of £419 million.

Cash flows from discontinued operations

Net cash flow from operating activities 
Net cash flow from investing activities 
Net cash flow from financing activities 
Net cash flow 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the financial year 
Exchange loss on cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial year 

112    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Restated 
2007 
£m
520
–
520
(402)
–
–
118
8
126
(15)
(672)
145
(416)

(0.76)p
(0.76)p

2007 
£m
135
(266)
(29)
(160)
161
(1)
–

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations

Intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Other investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Inventory 
Trade and other receivables 
Deferred tax asset 
Total assets 

Short and long term borrowings 
Trade and other payables(1) 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Net assets 
Minority interest 
Net assets disposed 
Total consideration 
Foreign exchange recycled to the income statement on disposal 
Other 
Net loss on disposal 

Net cash inflow arising on disposal:
Cash consideration 
Cash to settle intercompany debt 
Cash and cash equivalents disposed 

Other 

Note:
(1)  Includes £793 million of intercompany debt.

31. Reconciliation of net cash flows from operating activities

Profit/(loss) for the financial year from continuing operations 
Loss for the financial year from discontinued operations 
Adjustments for(1):

Share-based payments 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Share of result in associated undertakings 
Impairment losses 
Other income and expense 
Non-operating income and expense 
Investment income 
Financing costs 
Income tax expense 
Loss on disposal of discontinued operations 
Decrease/(increase) in inventory 
Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 

Cash generated by operations 
Tax paid 
Net cash flows from operating activities 

Note: 
(1)  Adjustments include amounts relating to continuing and discontinued operations.

Financials

Restated 
27 April 
2006 
£m
3,943
4,562
29
124
148
1,147
636
10,589

(674)
(2,342)
(245)
(40)
(3,301)

7,288
(87)
7,201
(7,245)
719
(3)
672

£m

6,141
793
(124)
6,810
(12)
6,798

Restated 
2007 
£m
(4,806)
(416)

93
5,111
44
(2,728)
11,600
(502)
(4)
(789)
1,604
2,293
672
(23)
(753)
1,175
12,571
(2,243)
10,328

2009 
£m 
3,080 
– 

128 
6,814 
10 
(4,091) 
5,900 
– 
44 
(795) 
2,419 
1,109 
– 
81 
80 
(145) 
14,634 
(2,421) 
12,213 

2008 
£m 
6,756 
– 

107 
5,909 
70 
(2,876) 
– 
28 
(254) 
(714) 
2,014 
2,245 
– 
(78) 
(378) 
460 
13,289 
(2,815) 
10,474 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    113

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

32. Commitments
Operating lease commitments
The Group has entered into commercial leases on certain properties, network infrastructure, motor vehicles and items of equipment. The leases have various terms, 
escalation clauses, purchase options and renewal rights, none of which are individually significant to the Group. 

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases comprise:

Within one year 
In more than one year but less than two years 
In more than two years but less than three years 
In more than three years but less than four years 
In more than four years but less than five years 
In more than five years 

2009 
£m 
1,041 
812 
639 
539 
450 
2,135 
5,616 

2008 
£m
837
606
475
415
356
1,752
4,441

The total of future minimum sublease payments expected to be received under non-cancellable subleases is £197 million (2008: £154 million).

Capital and other financial commitments

Contracts placed for future capital expenditure not provided in the 
financial statements(1) 

Note:
(1)  Commitment includes contracts placed for property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.

Company and subsidiaries 
2008 
£m 

2009 
£m 

Share of joint ventures 
2008 
£m 

2009 
£m 

2009 
£m 

Group
2008 
£m

1,706 

1,477 

401 

143 

2,107 

1,620

33. Contingent liabilities

Performance bonds 
Credit guarantees – third party indebtedness 
Other guarantees and contingent liabilities 

2009 
£m 
157 
61 
445 

2008 
£m
111
29
372

Performance bonds
Performance bonds require the Group to make payments to third parties in the event that the Group does not perform what is expected of it under the terms of any 
related contracts.

Credit guarantees – third party indebtedness
Credit guarantees comprise guarantees and indemnities of bank or other facilities, including those in respect of the Group’s associated undertakings and investments.

Other guarantees and contingent liabilities
Other guarantees principally comprise commitments to the Spanish tax authorities of £229 million (2008: £197 million).

The Group also enters into lease arrangements in the normal course of business, which are principally in respect of land, buildings and equipment. Further details on the 
minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating lease arrangements can be found in note 32.

Legal proceedings
The Company and its subsidiaries are currently, and may be from time to time, involved in a number of legal proceedings, including inquiries from or discussions with 
governmental authorities, that are incidental to their operations. However, save as disclosed below, the Company and its subsidiaries are not involved currently in any legal 
or arbitration proceedings (including any governmental proceedings which are pending or known to be contemplated) which may have, or have had in the 12 months 
preceding the date of this report, a significant effect on the financial position or profitability of the Company and its subsidiaries. With the exception of the Vodafone 2 enquiry, 
due to inherent uncertainties, no accurate quantification of any cost, or timing of such cost, which may arise from any of the legal proceedings outlined below can 
be made.

The Company is one of a number of co-defendants in four actions filed in 2001 and 2002 in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia in the United States alleging 
personal injury, including brain cancer, from mobile phone use. The Company is not aware that the health risks alleged in such personal injury claims have been substantiated 
and is vigorously defending such claims. In August 2007, the court dismissed all four actions against the Company on the basis of the federal pre-emption doctrine. The 
plaintiffs have appealed this dismissal. 

A subsidiary of the Company, Vodafone 2, is responding to an enquiry (‘the Vodafone 2 enquiry’) by HMRC with regard to the UK tax treatment of its Luxembourg holding company, 
Vodafone Investments Luxembourg SARL (‘VIL’), under the Controlled Foreign Companies section of the UK’s Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (‘the CFC Regime’) relating 
to the tax treatment of profits earned by the holding company for the accounting period ended 31 March 2001. Vodafone 2’s position is that it is not liable for corporation tax in 
the UK under the CFC Regime in respect of VIL. Vodafone 2 asserts, inter alia, that the CFC Regime is contrary to EU law and has made an application to the Special Commissioners 
of HMRC for closure of the Vodafone 2 enquiry. In May 2005, the Special Commissioners referred certain questions relating to the compatibility of the CFC Regime with EU law 
to the European Court of Justice (the ‘ECJ’) for determination (‘the Vodafone 2 reference’). HMRC subsequently appealed against the decision of the Special Commissioners to 
make the Vodafone 2 reference but its appeal was rejected by both the High Court and Court of Appeal.

114    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Financials

In September 2006, the ECJ determined in the Cadbury Schweppes case (C-196/04) (the ‘Cadbury Schweppes Judgment’) that the CFC Regime is incompatible with EU law unless 
it applies only to wholly artificial arrangements intended to escape national tax normally payable (‘wholly artificial arrangements’). At a hearing in March 2007, the Special 
Commissioners heard submissions from Vodafone 2 and HMRC, in light of the Cadbury Schweppes Judgment, as to whether the CFC regime can be interpreted as applying only to 
wholly artificial arrangements and whether the Vodafone 2 reference should be maintained or withdrawn by the Special Commissioners. On 26 July 2007, the Special Commissioners 
handed down their judgment on these questions. The tribunal decided (on the basis of the casting vote of the Presiding Special Commissioner) that the CFC regime can be interpreted 
as applying only to wholly artificial arrangements and that the Vodafone 2 reference should be withdrawn. Vodafone 2 appealed these decisions to the High Court and this appeal 
was heard in May 2008. The High Court granted Vodafone 2’s appeal on 4 July 2008, holding that the CFC regime could not be interpreted consistently with EU law and that, therefore, 
the Vodafone 2 enquiry should be closed. HMRC has appealed the High Court’s findings to the Court of Appeal. The High Court’s order requiring HMRC to close the Vodafone 2 enquiry 
has been stayed pending the outcome of the appeal. In light of the High Court’s decision, the Special Commissioners withdrew the Vodafone 2 reference on 17 July 2008. The hearing 
of the Vodafone 2 appeal was heard on 6 and 7 May 2009. The Company is awaiting the High Court’s decision.

The Company has taken provisions, which at 31 March 2009 amounted to approximately £2.3 billion, for the potential UK corporation tax liability and related interest expense 
that may arise in connection with the Vodafone 2 enquiry. The provisions relate to the accounting period which is the subject of the proceedings described above as well as to 
accounting periods after 31 March 2001 to date. The provisions at 31 March 2009 reflect the developments during the year.

The Company has previously been served with a complaint filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York by Cem Uzan and others against the Company, Vodafone 
Telekomunikasyon A.S. (‘VTAS’), Vodafone Holding A.S. and others. The plaintiffs made certain allegations in connection with the sale of the assets of the Turkish company Telsim 
Mobil Telekomunikasyon Hizmetleri A.S. (‘Telsim’) to the Group’s Turkish subsidiary, which acquired the assets from the SDIF, a public agency of the Turkish state, in a public auction 
in Turkey pursuant to Turkish law in which a number of mobile telecommunications companies participated. The plaintiffs sought an order requiring the return to them of Telsim’s 
assets or else an award of damages. The plaintiffs discontinued the complaint with prejudice in August 2008. The court disposed of the case on 24 October 2008. 

On 12 November 2007, the Company became aware of the filing of a purported class action complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York 
by The City of Edinburgh Council on behalf of the Lothian Pension Fund (‘Lothian’) against the Company and certain of the Company’s current and former officers and directors 
for alleged violations of US federal securities laws. The complaint alleged that the Company’s financial statements and certain disclosures between 10 June 2004 and 
27 February 2006 were materially false and misleading, among other things, as a result of the Company’s alleged failure to report on a timely basis a write-down for the impaired 
value of Vodafone’s German, Italian and Japanese subsidiaries. The complaint seeks compensatory damages of an unspecified amount and other relief on behalf of a putative 
class comprised of all persons who purchased publicly traded securities, including ordinary shares and American depositary receipts, of the Company between 10 June 2004 
and 27 February 2006. The plaintiff subsequently served the complaint and, on or about 27 March 2008, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, asserting substantially the 
same claims against the same defendants on behalf of the same putative investor class. Thereafter, an additional plaintiff, a US pension fund that purportedly purchased 
Vodafone ADRs on the New York Stock Exchange, was added as an additional plaintiff by stipulated order. The Company believes that the allegations are without merit and 
filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on 6 June 2008. By judgment entered on 1 December 2008, the court dismissed the amended complaint for lack of subject 
matter jurisdiction. The plaintiffs subsequently filed a motion for reconsideration of that dismissal, arguing that the court overlooked the claims of the US pension fund, as to 
which there had been no subject matter jurisdiction challenge. On 9 April 2009, the court granted that motion to the extent that it sought reopening of the action for the 
purpose of adjudication of the claims asserted on behalf of the US pension fund, but denied the motion with respect to the dismissal of Lothian’s claims. The court ordered the 
case re-opened pending consideration and order with respect to other arguments of the Company in its motion to dismiss in connection with which the court also indicated 
it will address any arguments regarding supplemental jurisdiction over Lothian’s claims. The Company is awaiting the Court’s further consideration and order. 

Vodafone Essar Limited (‘VEL’) and Vodafone International Holdings B.V. (‘VIHBV’) each received notices in August 2007 and September 2007, respectively, from the Indian 
tax authorities alleging potential liability in connection with alleged failure by VIHBV to deduct withholding tax from consideration paid to the Hutchison Telecommunications 
International Limited group (‘HTIL’) in respect of HTIL’s gain on its disposal to VIHBV of its interests in a wholly-owned subsidiary that indirectly holds interests in VEL. Following 
the receipt of such notices, VEL and VIHBV each filed writs seeking orders that their respective notices be quashed and that the tax authorities take no further steps under the 
notices. Initial hearings have been held before the Bombay High Court and in the case of VIHBV, the High Court heard the writ in June 2008. In December 2008, the High Court 
dismissed VIHBV’s writ. VIHBV subsequently filed a special leave petition to the Supreme Court to appeal the High Court’s dismissal of the writ. On 23 January 2009, the Supreme 
Court referred the question of the tax authority’s jurisdiction to seek to pursue tax back to the tax authority for adjudication on the facts with permission granted to VIHBV to 
appeal that decision back to the High Court should VIHBV disagree with the tax authority’s findings. VEL’s case continues to be stayed pending the outcome of the VIHBV 
hearing. VIHBV believes that neither it nor any other member of the Group is liable for such withholding tax and intends to defend this position vigorously. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    115

Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

34. Directors and key management compensation
Directors
Aggregate emoluments of the directors of the Company were as follows:

Salaries and fees 
Incentive schemes 
Benefits 
Other(1) 

2009 
£m 
4 
2 
– 
1 
7 

2008 
£m 
5 
4 
1 
– 
10 

2007 
£m
5
3
1
4
13

Note: 
(1)  Other includes the value of the cash allowance taken by some individuals in lieu of pension contributions and payments in respect of loss of office and relocation to the US.

The aggregate gross pre-tax gain made on the exercise of share options in the year ended 31 March 2009 by directors who served during the year was £nil (2008: £nil, 2007: 
£3 million).

Further details of directors’ emoluments can be found in “Directors’ remuneration” on pages 57 to 67.

Key management compensation
Aggregate compensation for key management, being the directors and members of the Executive Committee, was as follows:

Short term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits:
Defined benefit schemes 
Defined contribution schemes 

Share-based payments 

2009 
£m 
17 

– 
1 
14 
32 

2008 
£m 
20 

1 
1 
10 
32 

2007 
£m
29

1
1
6
37

35. Related party transactions
The Group’s related parties are its joint ventures (see note 13), associated undertakings (see note 14), pension schemes, directors and members of the Executive Committee. 
Group contributions to pension schemes are disclosed in note 26. Compensation paid to the Company’s Board and members of the Executive Committee is disclosed in 
note 34.

Transactions with joint ventures and associated undertakings
Related party transactions can arise with the Group’s joint ventures and associates and primarily comprise fees for the use of Vodafone products and services including, 
network airtime and access charges, and cash pooling arrangements. Except as disclosed below, no related party transactions have been entered into during the year which 
might reasonably affect any decisions made by the users of these consolidated financial statements.

Transactions with associated undertakings:

Sales of goods and services 
Purchase of goods and services  

Amounts owed by/(owed to) joint ventures(1) 
Net interest (income receivable from)/expense payable to joint ventures(1) 

2009 
£m 

 205 
223 
311 
(18) 

2008 
£m 

165 
212 
127 
27 

2007 
£m

245
295
(842)
20

Note:
(1)   Amounts arise through Vodafone Italy and, for the year ended 31 March 2009, Indus Towers, being part of a Group cash pooling arrangement and represent amounts not eliminated on consolidation. 

Interest is paid in line with market rates.

Amounts owed by and owed to associated undertakings are disclosed within notes 17 and 28. Dividends received from associated undertakings are disclosed in the 
consolidated cash flow statement. 

Transactions with directors other than compensation
During the three years ended 31 March 2009, and as of 18 May 2009, neither any director nor any other executive officer, nor any associate of any director or any other 
executive officer, was indebted to the Company.

During the three years ended 31 March 2009, and as of 18 May 2009, the Company has not been a party to any other material transaction, or proposed transactions, in which 
any member of the key management personnel (including directors, any other executive officer, senior manager, any spouse or relative of any of the foregoing, or any 
relative of such spouse), had or was to have a direct or indirect material interest.

116    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
36. Employees
The average employee headcount during the year by nature of activity and by segment is shown below. During the year, the Group changed its organisation structure. 
The information on employees by segment are presented on the revised basis, with prior years amended to conform to the current year presentation.

Financials

By activity:
Operations 
Selling and distribution 
Customer care and administration 

By segment:
Germany 
Italy 
Spain 
UK 
Other Europe 
Europe 

Vodacom 
Other Africa and Central Europe 
Africa and Central Europe 

India 
Other Asia Pacific and Middle East 
Asia Pacific and Middle East 

Common Functions 
Total continuing operations 

Discontinued operations:
Japan 

The cost incurred in respect of these employees (including directors) was(1):

Continuing operations 
Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Share-based payments (note 20) 
Other pension costs (note 26) 

2009 
Number 

2008 
Number 

2007 
Number

13,889 
25,174 
40,034 
79,097 

12,891 
22,063 
37,421 
72,375 

13,788 
6,247 
4,354 
10,350 
8,765 
43,504 

3,246 
13,789 
17,035 

8,674 
6,765 
15,439 

13,631 
6,669 
4,057 
10,367 
8,645 
43,369 

2,751 
10,925 
13,676 

6,323 
6,051 
12,374 

12,630
18,937
34,776
66,343

14,421
7,030
4,066
10,256
8,797
44,570

2,623
9,610
12,233

1,022
5,569
6,591

3,119 
79,097 

2,956 
72,375 

2,949
66,343

− 

− 

233

2009 
£m 
2,607 
379 
128 
113 
3,227 

2008 
£m 
2,175 
325 
107 
91 
2,698 

2007 
£m
1,979
300
93
94
2,466

Note:
(1)  For the year ended 31 March 2007, the cost incurred in respect of employees (including directors) from discontinued operations was £16 million.

37. Subsequent events
Vodacom
On 20 April 2009, the Group acquired an additional 15% stake in Vodacom for cash consideration of ZAR20.6 billion (£1.6 billion). On 18 May 2009, Vodacom became a 
subsidiary undertaking following the listing of its shares on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and concurrent termination of the shareholder agreement with Telkom SA 
Limited, the seller and previous joint venture partner. During the period from 20 April 2009 to 18 May 2009, the Group continued to account for Vodacom as a joint venture, 
proportionately consolidating 65% of the results of Vodacom. 

The Congress of South African Trade Unions (‘COSATU’) has instituted a court action against the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (‘ICASA’) 
challenging the decision of ICASA not to require Vodacom (Pty) Limited to seek ICASA’s approval in respect of the sale of shares in Vodacom by Telkom SA Limited to 
Vodafone Holdings (SA) (Pty) Limited, the Vodacom listing and other related inter-conditional transactions (the “Transactions”) and hence the validity of the Transactions. 
Vodacom and its subsidiary, Vodacom (Pty) Limited, are named as respondents in that action. Vodacom will oppose this court action. 

Vodacom received a letter from ICASA on 15 May 2009 purporting to rescind its previous decision that the Transactions only required notification rather than prior approval 
from  ICASA and stating that a public consultation process will take place. Vodacom continues to believe that only a notification of the Transactions  to ICASA 
was required.

Qatar
On 10 May 2009, Vodafone Qatar completed a public offering of 40% of its authorised share capital, raising QAR 3.4 billion (£0.6 billion). The shares are expected to be listed 
on the Doha securities market by July 2009. 

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    117

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

“Improvements to IFRSs” was issued in April 2009 and its requirements are effective 
over a range of dates, with the earliest being for annual periods beginning on or after 
1 July 2009. This comprises a number of amendments to IFRSs, which resulted from 
the IASB’s annual improvements project. The Group is currently assessing the impact 
of adoption of these improvements on the Group’s results, financial position and cash 
flows. The improvements have not yet been endorsed for use in the EU.

The Group has not adopted the following pronouncements, which have been issued 
by the IASB or the IFRIC. The Group does not currently believe the adoption of these 
pronouncements will have a material impact on the consolidated results, financial 
position or cash flows of the Group. These pronouncements have been endorsed for 
use in the EU, unless otherwise stated.

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

“Amendment  to  IFRS  2  Share-based  Payment:  Vesting  Conditions  and 
Cancellations”, effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009.
“Amendments  to  IAS  32  Financial  Instruments:  Presentation  and  IAS  1 
Presentation  of  Financial  Statements  –  Puttable  Financial  Instruments  and 
Obligations Arising on Liquidation”, effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2009.
“Amendments to IFRS 1, “First-time adoption of IFRS and IAS 27 Consolidated and 
Separate Financial Statements – Cost of an Investment in a Subsidiary, Jointly 
Controlled Entity or Associate”, effective for annual periods beginning on or after 
1 January 2009.
“Improvements to IFRSs” issued in May 2008 are effective over a range of dates, 
with the earliest being for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009.
“Eligible Hedged Items: Amendment to IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition 
and Measurement” is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 
2009. This amendment has not yet been endorsed for use in the EU.
IFRS  1  (Revised),  “First-time  Adoption  of  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards”,  effective  for  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2009.  This 
standard has not yet been endorsed for use in the EU.
“Improving Disclosures about Financial Instruments: Amendments to IFRS 7 
Financial Instruments: Disclosures”, effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2009.
“Embedded Derivatives: Amendments to IFRIC 9 and IAS 39”, effective for annual 
periods ending on or after 30 June 2009.
IFRIC 15, “Agreements for the Construction of Real Estate”, effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. This interpretation has not yet been 
endorsed for use in the EU.
IFRIC 16, “Hedges of a Net Investment in a Foreign Operation”, effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 October 2008. This interpretation has not yet been 
endorsed for use in the EU.
IFRIC 17, “Distributions of Non-cash Assets to Owners”, effective for annual periods 
beginning on or after 1 July 2009. This interpretation has not yet been endorsed 
for use in the EU.

38. New accounting standards
The  Group  has  not  applied  and  does  not  intend  to  early  adopt  the  following 
pronouncements, which have been issued by the IASB or the International Financial 
Reporting Interpretations Committee (‘IFRIC’).

IFRIC 13 “Customer Loyalty Programmes” was issued in June 2007 and is effective 
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2008. The interpretation addresses 
how companies that grant their customers loyalty award credits when buying goods 
or services should account for their obligations to provide free or discounted goods 
and services. It requires that consideration received be allocated between the award 
credits and the other components of the sale. This interpretation will not have a 
material  impact  on  the  Group’s  results,  financial  position  or  cash  flows.  This 
interpretation has been endorsed for use in the EU. The Group adopted IFRIC 13 on 
1 April 2009.

IAS 23 (Revised) “Borrowing Costs” was issued in March 2007 and is effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. It requires the capitalisation of 
borrowing costs, to the extent they are directly attributable to the acquisition, 
production or construction of a qualifying asset. The option of immediate recognition 
of those borrowing costs as an expense has been removed. This standard will not 
have a material impact on the Group’s results, financial position or cash flows. This 
standard has been endorsed for use in the EU. The Group adopted IAS 23 (Revised) 
on 1 April 2009.

IFRS 3 (Revised) “Business Combinations” was issued in January 2008 and will apply 
to business combinations occurring on or after 1 April 2010. The revised standard 
introduces a number of changes in the accounting for business combinations that 
will impact the amount of goodwill recognised, the reported results in the period that 
a business acquisition occurs and future reported results. This standard is likely to 
have a significant impact on the Group’s accounting for business acquisitions post 
adoption. This standard has not yet been endorsed for use in the EU.

An amendment to IAS 27 “Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements” was 
issued in January 2008 and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 
2009. The amendment requires that when a transaction occurs with non-controlling 
interests in Group entities that do not result in a change in control, the difference 
between  the  consideration  paid  or  received  and  the  recorded  non-controlling 
interest should be recognised in equity. In cases where control is lost, any retained 
interest should be remeasured to fair value with the difference between fair value and 
the previous carrying value being recognised immediately in the income statement. 
The Group has historically entered into transactions that are within the scope of this 
standard and may do so in the future. This amendment has not yet been endorsed 
by the EU.

IAS 1 (Revised) “Presentation of Financial Statements” was issued in September 2007 
and will be effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. The 
revised standard introduces the concept of a statement of comprehensive income, 
which enables users of the financial statements to analyse changes in an entity’s 
equity resulting from transactions with owners separately from non-owner changes. 
The revised standard provides the option of presenting items of income and expense 
and components of other comprehensive income either as a single statement of 
comprehensive income or in two separate statements. The Group does not currently 
believe the adoption of this revised standard will have a material impact on the 
results, financial position or cash flows. This statement has been endorsed for use in 
the EU.

IFRIC 18 “Transfers of Assets from Customers” was issued in January 2009 and is 
effective for transactions occurring on or after 1 July 2009. The interpretation 
provides guidance on accounting by entities receiving property, plant and equipment 
(or cash which must be used to construct or acquire property, plant and equipment) 
which must then be used to either connect the customer to a network and/or provide 
the customer with ongoing access to a supply of goods or services. The Group is 
currently assessing the impact of the interpretation on it’s results, financial position 
and cash flows. This interpretation has not yet been endorsed for use in the EU.

118    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Financials

39. Change in accounting policy
During the year, the Group changed its accounting policy with respect to the acquisition of minority interests in subsidiaries. The Group now applies the economic entity 
method, under which such transactions are accounted for as transactions between shareholders and there is no remeasurement to fair value of net assets acquired that 
were previously attributable to minority shareholders. Prior to this change in policy, the Group applied the parent company method to such transactions, and assets 
attributable to minority interests immediately prior to the respective acquisition, including goodwill and other acquired intangible assets, were remeasured to fair value at 
the date of acquisition.

The Group believes the new policy is preferable as it more closely aligns the accounting for these transactions with the treatment of minority interest as a component of 
equity and will aid comparability.

The impact of this voluntary change in accounting policy on the consolidated financial statements is primarily to reduce goodwill and acquired intangible assets and related 
income statement amounts arising on such transactions. This change did not result in a material impact on the current year or any years included within these consolidated 
financial statements. The impact on each line item of the primary financial statements since the Group’s adoption of IFRS is shown in the table below:

Consolidated income statement
(Loss)/profit for the financial year from
discontinued operations 
(Loss)/profit for the financial year 
Attributable to equity shareholders 

Basic (loss)/earnings per share
(Loss)/profit from discontinued operations 
(Loss)/profit for the financial year 

Diluted (loss)/earnings per share
(Loss)/profit from discontinued operations 
(Loss)/profit for the financial year 

Consolidated statement of recognised
income and expense
Foreign exchange gains transferred
to the consolidated income statement 
Net (loss)/gain recognised directly in equity 
(Loss)/profit for the financial year 
Total recognised income and expense
relating to the year 
Attributable to equity shareholders 

Consolidated balance sheet
Total assets 
Total equity 
Total equity shareholders’ funds 

2007 
£m 

   As reported 
2005 
£m 

2006 
£m 

(491) 
(5,297) 
(5,426) 

(4,588) 
(21,821) 
(21,916) 

1,102 
6,518 
6,410 

2007 
£m 

75 
75 
75 

   Adjustments 
2005 
£m 

2006 
£m 

2007 
£m 

2006 
£m 

Restated
2005 
£m

1,690 
1,690 
1,690 

80 
80 
80 

(416) 
(5,222) 
(5,351) 

(2,898) 
(20,131) 
(20,226) 

1,182
6,598
6,490

(0.90)p 
(9.84)p 

(7.35)p 
(35.01)p 

1.56p 
9.68p 

0.14p 
0.14p 

2.70p 
2.70p 

0.12p 
0.12p 

(0.76)p 
(9.70)p 

(4.65)p 
(32.31)p 

1.68p
9.80p

(0.90)p 
(9.84)p 

(7.35)p 
(35.01)p 

1.56p 
9.65p 

0.14p 
0.14p 

2.70p 
2.70p 

0.12p 
0.12p 

(0.76)p 
(9.70)p 

(4.65)p 
(32.31)p 

1.68p
9.77p

838 
(808) 
(5,297) 

36 
2,317 
(21,821) 

(6,105) 
(6,210) 

(19,504) 
(19,607) 

− 
1,515 
6,518 

8,033 
7,958 

109,617 
67,293 
67,067 

126,738 
85,312 
85,425 

147,197 
113,648 
113,800 

(75) 
(75) 
75 

− 
− 

− 
− 
− 

− 
− 
1,690 

1,690 
1,690 

− 
− 
80 

80 
80 

763 
(883) 
(5,222) 

36 
2,317 
(20,131) 

(6,105) 
(6,210) 

(17,814) 
(17,917) 

−
1,515
6,598

8,113
8,038

(236) 
− 
− 

(1,979) 
(1,690) 
(1,690) 

109,617 
67,293 
67,067 

126,502 
85,312 
85,425 

145,218
111,958
112,110

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    119

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Audit report on the Company financial statements

Independent auditor’s report to the members  
of Vodafone Group Plc 
We have audited the parent Company financial statements of Vodafone Group Plc for 
the year ended 31 March 2009 which comprise the balance sheet and the related 
notes 1 to 10. These parent Company financial statements have been prepared under 
the accounting policies set out therein.

We have reported separately on the consolidated financial statements of Vodafone 
Group Plc for the year ended 31 March 2009 and on the information in the directors’ 
remuneration report that is described as having been audited.

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors
The directors’ responsibilities for preparing the annual report and the parent company 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  law  and  United  Kingdom 
Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice) 
are set out in the statement of directors’ responsibilities.

Our responsibility is to audit the parent company financial statements in accordance 
with relevant legal and regulatory requirements and International Standards on 
Auditing (UK and Ireland).

We report to you our opinion as to whether the parent company financial statements 
give a true and fair view and whether the parent company financial statements have 
been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985. We also report 
to you whether in our opinion the directors’ report is consistent with the parent 
company financial statements. 

In addition we report to you if, in our opinion, the Company has not kept proper 
accounting records, if we have not received all the information and explanations 
we require  for our audit, or if information specified by law regarding directors’ 
remuneration and other transactions is not disclosed.

We read the information contained in the annual report for the above year as described 
in the contents section and consider whether it is consistent with the audited parent 
company financial statements. We consider the implications for our report if we 
become aware of any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the 
parent company financial statements. Our responsibility does not extend to any further 
information outside the annual report.

Basis of audit opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK 
and Ireland) issued by the Auditing Practices Board. An audit includes examination, 
on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the parent 
company financial statements. It also includes an assessment of the significant 
estimates and judgments made by the directors in the preparation of the parent 
company financial statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate 
to the Company’s circumstances, consistently applied and adequately disclosed.

We  planned  and  performed  our  audit  so  as  to  obtain  all  the  information  and 
explanations which we considered necessary in order to provide us with sufficient 
evidence to give reasonable assurance that the parent company financial statements 
are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or 
error.  In  forming  our  opinion  we  also  evaluated  the  overall  adequacy  of  the 
presentation of information in the parent company financial statements.

Opinion
In our opinion:

•	

•	

•	

 the parent company financial statements give a true and fair view, in accordance 
with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice, of the state of the 
Company’s affairs as at 31 March 2009;
 the  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in 
accordance with the Companies Act 1985; and
 the information given in the directors’ report is consistent with the parent company 
financial statements.

Deloitte LLP
Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors
London
United Kingdom
19 May 2009

120    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Company financial statements of Vodafone Group Plc

Financials

at 31 March

Fixed assets
Shares in Group undertakings 
Current assets
Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year 
Debtors: amounts falling due within one year 
Cash at bank and in hand 

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 
Net current assets 
Total assets less current liabilities 
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year 

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital 
Share premium account 
Capital redemption reserve 
Capital reserve 
Other reserves 
Own shares held 
Profit and loss account 
Equity shareholders’ funds 

The Company financial statements were approved by the Board of directors on 19 May 2009 and were signed on its behalf by:

Vittorio Colao 
Chief Executive 

Andy Halford
Chief Financial Officer

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Note 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

3 

4 
4 

5 

5 

6 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

64,937 

64,922

2,352 
126,334 
111 
128,797 
(92,339) 
36,458 
101,395 
(21,970) 
79,425 

821
126,099
–
126,920
(98,784)
28,136
93,058
(14,582)
78,476

4,153 
43,008 
10,101 
88 
957 
(8,053) 
29,171 
79,425 

4,182
42,934
10,054
88
942
(7,867)
28,143
78,476

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    121

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the Company financial statements

1. Basis of preparation 
The separate financial statements of the Company are drawn up in accordance with 
the Companies Act 1985 and UK GAAP. 

Exchange  differences  arising  on  the  settlement  of  monetary  items,  and  on  the 
retranslation of monetary items, are included in the profit and loss account for the 
period. Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of non-monetary items 
carried at fair value are included in the profit and loss account for the period. 

The preparation of Company financial statements in conformity with generally 
accepted  accounting  principles  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure 
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Company financial statements 
and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. 
Actual results could differ from those estimates. The estimates and underlying 
assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates 
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only 
that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects 
both current and future periods.

As permitted by Section 230 of the Companies Act 1985, the profit and loss account 
of the Company is not presented in this Annual Report. These separate financial 
statements are not intended to give a true and fair view of the profit or loss or cash 
flows of the Company. The Company has not published its individual cash flow 
statement as its liquidity, solvency and financial adaptability are dependent on the 
Group rather than its own cash flows.

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption contained in FRS 8 “Related 
party disclosures” and has not reported transactions with fellow Group undertakings.

Borrowing costs
All borrowing costs are recognised in the profit and loss account in the period in 
which they are incurred.

Taxation
Current tax, including UK corporation tax and foreign tax, is provided at amounts 
expected to be paid (or recovered) using the tax rates and laws that have been 
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is provided in full on timing differences that exist at the balance sheet 
date and that result in an obligation to pay more tax, or a right to pay less tax in the 
future. The deferred tax is measured at the rate expected to apply in the periods in 
which the timing differences are expected to reverse, based on the tax rates and laws 
that  are  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  Timing 
differences arise from the inclusion of items of income and expenditure in taxation 
computations in periods different from those in which they are included in the 
company financial statements. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that 
it is regarded as more likely than not that they will be recovered. Deferred tax assets 
and liabilities are not discounted.

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption contained in FRS 29 “Financial 
Instruments: Disclosures” and has not produced any disclosures required by that 
standard, as disclosures that comply with FRS 29 are available in the Vodafone Group 
Plc annual report for the year ended 31 March 2009.

Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities, in respect of financial instruments, are 
recognised on the company balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to 
the contractual provisions of the instrument.

2. Significant accounting policies
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described below.

Accounting convention
The company financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention 
and in accordance with applicable accounting standards of the UK Accounting 
Standards Board and pronouncements of the Urgent Issues Task Force.

Investments 
Shares in Group undertakings are stated at cost less any provision for impairment.

The Company assesses investments for impairment whenever events or changes in 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  value  of  an  investment  may  not  be 
recoverable. If any such indication of impairment exists, the Company makes an 
estimate  of  the  recoverable  amount.  If  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash-
generating unit is less than the value of the investment, the investment is considered 
to be impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is 
recognised immediately in the profit and loss account.

For available-for-sale investments, gains and losses arising from changes in fair value 
are recognised directly in equity, until the investment is disposed of or is determined 
to be impaired, at which time the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in 
equity, determined using the weighted average cost method, is included in the net 
profit or loss for the period.

Foreign currencies 
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the rates of exchange 
prevailing  on  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated into the Company’s functional 
currency at the rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Non-monetary items 
carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the 
rates prevailing on the initial transaction dates. Non-monetary items measured in 
terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments 
Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified 
according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the 
definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. An equity instrument is 
any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after 
deducting all of its liabilities and includes no obligation to deliver cash or other 
financial assets. The accounting policies adopted for specific financial liabilities and 
equity instruments are set out below.

Capital market and bank borrowings
Interest bearing loans and overdrafts are initially measured at fair value (which is 
equal to cost at inception) and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest rate method, except where they are identified as a hedged item 
in a fair value hedge. Any difference between the proceeds net of transaction costs 
and the settlement or redemption of borrowings is recognised over the term of 
the borrowing. 

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, 
net of direct issuance costs.

Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting 
The  Company’s  activities  expose  it  to  the  financial  risks  of  changes  in  foreign 
exchange rates and interest rates. 

The use of financial derivatives is governed by the Group’s policies approved by the 
Board of directors, which provide written principles on the use of financial derivatives 
consistent with the Group’s risk management strategy. 

Derivative financial instruments are initially measured at fair value on the contract 
date and are subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. The 
Company designates certain derivatives as hedges of the change of fair value of 
recognised  assets  and  liabilities  (‘fair  value  hedges’).  Hedge  accounting  is 
discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, 
no longer qualifies for hedge accounting or the Company chooses to end the 
hedging relationship.

122    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Financials

Fair value hedges 
The Company’s policy is to use derivative instruments (primarily interest rate swaps) to convert a proportion of its fixed rate debt to floating rates in order to hedge the interest 
rate risk arising, principally, from capital market borrowings.

The Company designates these as fair value hedges of interest rate risk with changes in fair value of the hedging instrument recognised in the profit and loss account for the 
period together with the changes in the fair value of the hedged item due to the hedged risk, to the extent the hedge is effective. The ineffective portion is recognised 
immediately in the profit and loss account.

Share-based payments
The Group operates a number of equity settled share-based compensation plans for the employees of subsidiary undertakings using the Company’s equity instruments. The 
fair value of the compensation given in respect of these share-based compensation plans is recognised as a capital contribution to the Company’s subsidiary undertakings 
over the vesting period. The capital contribution is reduced by any payments received from subsidiary undertakings in respect of these share-based payments.

Dividends paid and received
Dividends paid and received are included in the Company financial statements in the period in which the related dividends are actually paid or received or, in respect of the 
Company’s final dividend for the year, approved by shareholders.

Pensions
The Company is the sponsoring employer of the Vodafone Group pension scheme, a defined benefit pension scheme. The Company is unable to identify its share of the 
underlying assets and liabilities of the Vodafone Group pension scheme on a consistent and reasonable basis. Therefore, the Company has applied the guidance within FRS 
17 to account for defined benefit schemes as if they were defined contribution schemes and recognise only the contribution payable each year. The Company had no 
contributions payable for the years ended 31 March 2009 and 31 March 2008.

3. Fixed assets
Shares in Group undertakings

Cost:
1 April 2008 
Capital contributions arising from share-based payments  
Contributions received in relation to share-based payments 
31 March 2009 

Amounts provided for:
1 April 2008 
Amounts provided for during the year  
31 March 2009 

Net book value:
31 March 2008 
31 March 2009 

At 31 March 2009, the Company had the following principal subsidiary undertakings:

Name  
Vodafone European Investments  
Vodafone Group Services Limited 

4. Debtors

Amounts falling due within one year:
Amounts owed by subsidiary undertakings 
Taxation recoverable 
Other debtors 

Amounts falling due after more than one year:
Deferred taxation 
Other debtors 

£m

70,193
128
(113)
70,208

5,271
–
5,271

64,922
64,937

  Principal activity 
Holding company 
Global products and services provider 

Country of 
 incorporation  
  England 
  England 

Percentage 
shareholding
100.0
100.0

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

126,010 
44 
280 
126,334 

125,838
137
124
126,099

18 
2,334 
2,352 

4
817
821

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    123

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the Company financial statements continued

5. Creditors

Amounts falling due within one year:
Bank loans and other loans 
Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings 
Group relief payable 
Other creditors 
Accruals and deferred income 

Amounts falling due after more than one year:
Other loans 
Other creditors 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m

7,717 
84,394 
– 
174 
54 
92,339 

4,442
93,891
42
393
16
98,784

21,707 
263 
21,970 

14,409
173
14,582

Included in amounts falling due after more than one year are other loans of £13,289 million, which are due in more than five years from 1 April 2009 and are payable otherwise 
than by instalments. Interest payable on this debt ranges from 2.15% to 8.125%.

6. Share capital

Authorised:
Ordinary shares of 113/7 US cents each 
B shares of 15 pence each  
Deferred shares of 15 pence each 

Ordinary shares allotted, issued and fully paid(1):
1 April  
Allotted during the year  
Cancelled during the year 
31 March  

B shares allotted, issued and fully paid(2):
1 April  
Redeemed during the year 
31 March 

Number 

68,250,000,000 
38,563,935,574  
28,036,064,426 

58,255,055,725 
51,227,991 
(500,000,000) 
57,806,283,716 

2009 
£m 

4,875 
5,784 
4,206 

4,182 
3 
(32) 
4,153 

Number 

68,250,000,000 
38,563,935,574 
28,036,064,426 

58,085,695,298 
169,360,427 
– 
58,255,055,725 

2008
£m

4,875
5,784
4,206

4,172
10
–
4,182

87,429,138 
(87,429,138) 
– 

13  
(13)  
–  

132,001,365 
(44,572,227) 
87,429,138 

20
(7)
13

Notes:
(1)   At 31 March 2009, the Company held 5,322,411,101 (2008: 5,127,457,690) treasury shares with a nominal value of £382 million (2008: £368 million) and 50,000 (2008: 50,000) 7% cumulative fixed 

rate shares of £1 each were authorised, allotted, issued and fully paid by the Company.

(2)  On 31 July 2006, Vodafone Group Plc undertook a return of capital to shareholders via a B share scheme and associated share consolidation. A total of 66,271,035,240 B shares were issued on that day, 
and 66,271,035,240 existing ordinary shares of 10 US cents each were consolidated into 57,987,155,835 new ordinary shares of 113/7 cents each. B shareholders were given the alternatives of initial 
redemption or future redemption at 15 pence per share or the payment of an initial dividend of 15 pence per share. The initial redemption took place on 4 August 2006 with future redemption dates 
on 5 February and 5 August each year until 5 August 2008 when the Company redeemed all B shares still in issue at their nominal value of 15 pence. B shareholders that chose future redemption were 
entitled to receive a continuing non-cumulative dividend of 75 per cent of sterling LIBOR payable semi-annually in arrear until they were redeemed. 

 By 31 March 2009, total capital of £9,026 million had been returned to shareholders, £5,735 million by way of capital redemption and £3,291 million by way of initial dividend (note 8). During the period, 
a transfer of £15 million (2008: £7 million) in respect of the B shares has been made from the profit and loss account reserve (note 8) to the capital redemption reserve (note 8).

Allotted during the year

UK share awards and option scheme awards 
US share awards and option scheme awards 
Total for share awards and option scheme awards   

Number 
49,130,811  
   2,097,180 
51,227,991 

Nominal 
value 
£m 
3 
– 
3 

Net 
proceeds 
£m
72
5
77

124    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
7. Share-based payments
The Company currently uses a number of equity settled share plans to grant options and shares to the directors and employees of its subsidiary undertakings, as listed below.

Financials

Share option plans
•	
•	
•	
•	

Vodafone Group savings related and sharesave plans
Vodafone Group executive plans
Vodafone Group 1999 long term stock incentive plan and ADSs
Other share option plans

Share plans
•	
•	

Share incentive plan
Restricted share plans

At 31 March 2009, the Company had 333 million ordinary share options outstanding (2008: 373 million) and 1 million ADS options outstanding (2008: 1 million).

The Company has made a capital contribution to its subsidiary undertakings in relation to share-based payments. At 31 March 2009, the cumulative capital contribution 
net of payments received from subsidiary undertakings was £328 million (31 March 2008: £313 million, 1 April 2007: £397 million). During the year ended 31 March 2009, 
the capital contribution arising from share-based payments was £128 million (2008: £107 million), with payments of £113 million (2008: £191 million) received from 
subsidiary undertakings. 

Full details of share-based payments, share option schemes and share plans are disclosed in note 20 to the consolidated financial statements.

8. Reserves and reconciliation of movements in equity shareholders’ funds

1 April 2008 
Allotment of shares 
Own shares released on vesting of share awards 
Profit for the financial year 
Dividends 
Capital contribution given relating to share-based payments 
Contribution received relating to share-based payments 
Purchase of own shares 
Cancellation of own shares held 
B share capital redemption 
Other movements 
31 March 2009  

Share 
capital 
£m 
4,182 
3 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(32) 
– 
– 
4,153 

Share 
premium 
account 
£m 
42,934 
74 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
43,008 

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£m 
10,054 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
32 
15 
– 
10,101 

Capital 
reserve 
£m 
88 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
88 

Other 
reserves 
£m 
942 
– 
– 
– 
– 
128 
(113) 
– 
– 
– 
– 
957 

Own 
shares 
held 
£m 
(7,867) 
– 
59 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(1,000) 
755 
– 
– 
(8,053) 

Profit 

Total equity 
and loss  shareholders’ 
funds 
account 
£m
£m 
78,476
28,143 
77
– 
– 
59
5,853
5,853 
(4,017)
(4,017) 
128
– 
(113)
– 
(1,000)
– 
–
(755) 
(15) 
–
(38)
(38) 
79,425
29,171 

The profit for the financial year dealt with in the accounts of the Company is £5,853 million (2008: £5,782 million). Under English law, the amount available for distribution to 
shareholders is based upon the profit and loss reserve of the Company and is reduced by the amount of own shares held and is limited by statutory or other restrictions.

The auditor’s remuneration for the year in respect of audit and audit related services was £1.3 million (2008: less than £1 million) and non-audit services £0.2 million 
(2008: £0.4 million).

The directors are remunerated by the Company for their services to the Group as a whole. No remuneration was paid to them specifically in respect of their services to 
Vodafone Group Plc for either year. Full details of the directors’ remuneration are disclosed in “Directors’ remuneration” on pages 57 to 67.

There were no employees other than directors of the Company throughout the current or the preceding year.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    125

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Notes to the Company financial statements continued

9. Equity dividends 

Declared during the financial year:
Final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2008: 5.02 pence per share (2007: 4.41 pence per share) 
Interim dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009: 2.57 pence per share (2008: 2.49 pence per share) 

Proposed after the balance sheet date and not recognised as a liability:
Final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009: 5.20 pence per share 
(2008: 5.02 pence per share) 

10. Contingent liabilities

Performance bonds 
Credit guarantees – third party indebtedness 
Other guarantees and contingent liabilities 

2009 
£m 

2,667 
1,350 
4,017 

2008 
£m

2,331
1,322
3,653

2,731 

2,667

2009 
£m 
35 
5,317 
231 

2008 
£m
30
4,208
255

Performance bonds
Performance bonds require the Company to make payments to third parties in the event that the Company or its subsidiary undertakings do not perform what is expected 
of them under the terms of any related contracts.

Credit guarantees – third party indebtedness
Credit guarantees comprise guarantees and indemnities of bank or other facilities.

During the year ended 31 March 2008, a subsidiary of the Company granted put options exercisable between 8 May 2010 and 8 May 2011 to members of the Essar group 
of companies that, if exercised, would allow the Essar group to sell its 33% shareholding in Vodafone Essar to the Group for US$5 billion or to sell between US$1 billion and 
US$5 billion worth of Vodafone Essar shares to the Group at an independently appraised fair market value. The Company has guaranteed payment of up to US$5 billion 
related to these options.

At 31 March 2009, the Company had also guaranteed debt of Vodafone Finance K.K. amounting to £1,820 million (2008: £1,303 million). This facility expires by March 2011.

Other guarantees and contingent liabilities
Other guarantees principally comprise of a guarantee relating to a commitment to the Spanish tax authorities of £229 million (2008: £197 million).

Legal proceedings
Details regarding certain legal actions which involve the Company are set out in note 33 to the consolidated financial statements.

126    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Shareholder information

Additional information

Financial calendar for the 2010 financial year

Interim management statement 
Half-year financial results announcement 

24 July 2009
10 November 2009

Ordinary shareholders resident outside the UK and eurozone can have their dividends 
paid into their bank account directly via the Company’s registrars’ global payments 
service. Details and terms and conditions may be viewed at www.computershare.com/
uk/investor/GPS. 

Further details will be available at www.vodafone.com/investor, as they become 
available. The Company does not publish results announcements in the press; they 
are available online at www.vodafone.com/investor.

For dividend payments in euros, the sterling: euro exchange rate will be determined 
by the Company shortly before the payment date, in accordance with the Company’s 
articles of association. 

Dividends
Full details on the dividend amount per share can be found on page 40. Set out below is 
information relevant to the final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009.

Ex-dividend date 
Record date 
Dividend reinvestment plan last election date 
Dividend payment date(1) 

3 June 2009
5 June 2009
17 July 2009
7 August 2009

Note:
(1) Payment date for both ordinary shares and American Depositary Shares (‘ADSs’).

Dividend payment methods
Currently holders of ordinary shares and ADSs can:

•	
•	
•	

have cash dividends paid direct to a bank or building society account; or
have cash dividends paid in the form of a cheque; or
elect to use the cash dividends to purchase more Vodafone shares under the 
dividend reinvestment plan (see below) or, in the case of ADSs, have the dividends 
reinvested to purchase additional Vodafone ADSs.

In relation to holders of ordinary shares only, the Company proposes that, after 
payment of the final dividend in August 2009, it will pay future dividend payments 
only  by  direct  credit  into  a  nominated  bank  or  building  society  account,  or 
alternatively, into the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan. The Company will no 
longer pay dividends by cheque to holders of ordinary shares with effect from 
February 2010.

By withdrawing cheque payments, the Company is seeking to improve the security 
of dividend payments to shareholders, by avoiding the risk of cheques being lost in 
the post and fraud. Shareholders will also benefit by receiving their dividend on the 
date of payment. Shareholders will continue to receive a tax voucher in respect of 
dividend payments. 

The Company will pay the ADS depositary, The Bank of New York, its dividend in US 
dollars. The sterling: US dollar exchange rate for this purpose will be determined by 
the Company up to ten New York and London business days prior to the payment 
date.  Cash  dividends  to  ADS  holders  will  be  paid  by  the  ADS  depositary  in 
US dollars. 

Further information about the dividend payments can be found at www.vodafone.
com/dividends  or,  alternatively,  please  contact  the  Company’s  registrars  for 
further details. 

Dividend reinvestment
The Company offers a dividend reinvestment plan which allows holders of ordinary 
shares, who choose to participate, to use their cash dividends to acquire additional 
shares in the Company. These are purchased on their behalf by the plan administrator 
through a low cost dealing arrangement. 

For ADS holders, The Bank of New York Mellon maintains a Global BuyDIRECT Plan 
for the Company, which is a direct purchase and sale plan for depositary receipts, with 
a dividend reinvestment facility. 

Final B share redemption date
In accordance with the terms of the 2006 return of capital and share consolidation, 
the Company redeemed and cancelled all outstanding B shares in issue on 5 August 
2008 at their nominal value of 15 pence per share.

Telephone share dealing
A telephone share dealing service with the Company’s registrars is available for holders 
of ordinary shares. The service is available from 8.00 am to 4.30 pm, Monday to Friday, 
excluding bank holidays, on telephone number +44 (0)870 703 0084. Detailed terms and 
conditions are available on request by calling the above number.

Registrars and transfer office
If private shareholders have any enquiries about their holding of ordinary shares, such as a change of address, change of ownership or dividend payments, they should 
contact the Company’s registrars at the address or telephone number below. Computershare Investor Services PLC maintain the Vodafone Group Plc share register 
and holders of ordinary shares may view and update details of their shareholding via the registrars’ investor centre at www.computershare.com/uk/investorcentre.

ADS holders should address any queries or instructions regarding their holdings to the depositary bank for the Company’s ADR programme at the address or telephone 
number below. ADS holders can view their account information, make changes and conduct many other transactions at www.bnymellon.com/shareowner.

(Holders of ordinary shares resident in Ireland):
Computershare Investor Services (Ireland) Limited
PO Box 9742
Dublin 18, Ireland
Telephone: 0818 300 999
www.investorcentre.co.uk/contactus

The registrars 
Computershare Investor Services PLC 
The Pavilions 
Bridgwater Road, Bristol BS99 6ZY, England 
Telephone: +44 (0)870 702 0198 
www.investorcentre.co.uk/contactus 

ADR depositary
The Bank of New York Mellon
BNY Mellon Shareowner Services
PO Box 358516
Pittsburgh, PA 15252-8516, USA
Telephone: 1 800 233 5601 (toll free) or, for calls outside the USA,
+1 201 680 6837 (not toll free) and enter company number 2160
Email: shrrelations@bnymellon.com

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    127

Shareholder information continued

Internet share dealing
An internet share dealing service is available for holders of ordinary shares who want 
either to buy or sell ordinary shares. Further information about this service can be 
obtained from the Company’s registrars on +44 (0)870 702 0198 or by logging onto 
www.computershare.com/dealing/uk.

Online shareholder services
The Company provides a number of shareholder services online at www.vodafone.
com/shareholder, where shareholders may:

•	

•	

•	
•	
•	
•	

register to receive electronic shareholder communications. Benefits to shareholders 
include faster receipt of communications, such as annual reports, with cost and time 
savings for the Company. Electronic shareholder communications are also more 
environmentally friendly;
view a live webcast of the AGM of the Company on 28 July 2009. A recording will be 
available to view after that date;
view and/or download the 2009 annual report;
check the current share price;
calculate dividend payments; and
use interactive tools to calculate the value of shareholdings, change registered 
address or dividend mandate instructions, look up the historic price on a particular 
date and chart Vodafone ordinary share price changes against indices.

Shareholders and other interested parties can also receive company press releases, 
including London Stock Exchange announcements, by registering for Vodafone 
news via the Company’s website at www.vodafone.com/media. Registering for 
Vodafone news will enable users to: 

Share price history
Upon flotation of the Company on 11 October 1988, the ordinary shares were valued 
at 170 pence each. On 16 September 1991, when the Company was finally demerged, 
for UK taxpayers the base cost of Racal Electronics Plc shares was apportioned 
between the Company and Racal Electronics Plc for Capital Gains Tax purposes in the 
ratio of 80.036% and 19.964% respectively. Opening share prices on 16 September 
1991 were 332 pence for each Vodafone share and 223 pence for each Racal share.

On 21 July 1994, the Company effected a bonus issue of two new shares for every one 
then held and, on 30 September 1999, it effected a bonus issue of four new shares for 
every one held at that date. The flotation and demerger share prices, therefore, may be 
restated as 11.333 pence and 22.133 pence, respectively.

The share price at 31 March 2009 was 122.8 pence (31 March 2008: 150.9 pence). 
The share price on 18 May 2009 was 127.5 pence.

The following tables set out, for the periods indicated, (i) the reported high and low 
middle market quotations of ordinary shares on the London Stock Exchange, and (ii) 
the reported high and low sales prices of ADSs on the NYSE.

On 31 July 2006, the Group returned approximately £9 billion to shareholders in the 
form of a B share arrangement. As part of this arrangement, and in order to facilitate 
historical share price comparisons, the Group’s share capital was consolidated on the 
basis of seven new ordinary shares for every eight ordinary shares held at this date. 
Share prices in the five and two year data tables below have not been restated to 
reflect this consolidation.

•	
•	

access the latest news from their mobile; and
have news automatically e-mailed to them.

Annual general meeting
The twenty-fifth AGM of the Company will be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference 
Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1 on 28 July 2009 at 11.00 am.

A combined review of the year and notice of AGM, including details of the business 
to be conducted at the AGM, will be circulated to shareholders and can be viewed at 
the Company’s website at www.vodafone.com/agm.

The AGM will be transmitted via a live webcast and can be viewed at the Company’s 
website at www.vodafone.com/agm on the day of the meeting and a recording will be 
available to view after that date.

ShareGift
The Company supports ShareGift, the charity share donation scheme (registered 
charity number 1052686). Through ShareGift, shareholders who have only a very 
small number of shares, which might be considered uneconomic to sell, are able to 
donate them to charity. Donated shares are aggregated and sold by ShareGift, the 
proceeds being passed on to a wide range of UK charities. Donating shares to charity 
gives rise neither to a gain nor a loss for UK capital gains tax purposes and UK 
taxpayers may also be able to claim income tax relief on the value of the donation.

ShareGift transfer forms specifically for the Company’s shareholders are available 
from the Company’s registrars, Computershare Investor Services PLC, and, even if 
the share certificate has been lost or destroyed, the gift can be completed. The 
service is generally free. However, there may be an indemnity charge for a lost or 
destroyed share certificate where the value of the shares exceeds £100. Further 
details about ShareGift can be obtained from its website at www.ShareGift.org or at 
17 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AH (telephone: +44 (0)20 7930 3737).

Asset Checker Limited
The Company participates in Asset Checker, the online service which provides a 
search facility for solicitors and probate professionals to quickly and easily trace UK 
shareholdings relating to deceased estates. For further information, visit www.
assetchecker.co.uk.

Year ended 31 March 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 

Quarter 
2007/2008
First quarter 
Second quarter 
Third quarter 
Fourth quarter 
2008/2009
First quarter 
Second quarter 
Third quarter 
Fourth quarter 
2009/2010
First quarter(1) 

Month 
November 2008 
December 2008 
January 2009 
February 2009 
March 2009 
April 2009 
May 2009(1) 

Note:
(1)  Covering period up to 18 May 2009.

128    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

   London Stock 
Exchange 
Pounds per 
  ordinary share 
Low 
1.14 
1.09 
1.08 
1.36 
0.96 

High 
1.49 
1.55 
1.54 
1.98 
1.70 

   London Stock 
Exchange 
Pounds per 
  ordinary share 
Low 

High 

1.36 
1.47 
1.67 
1.46 

1.40 
1.18 
0.96 
1.13 

1.69 
1.79 
1.98 
1.94 

1.70 
1.58 
1.41 
1.48 

1.33 

NYSE 
Dollars per ADS
Low
20.83
19.32
20.07
26.88
15.30

High 
28.54 
28.04 
29.85 
40.87 
32.87 

NYSE 
Dollars per ADS
Low

High 

33.87 
36.52 
40.87 
38.27 

32.87 
31.21 
23.06 
21.88 

26.88
29.13
34.32
29.27

27.72
21.01
15.30
15.46

1.19 

19.64 

17.68

London Stock
Exchange
Pounds per 
ordinary share 
Low 
1.07 
1.21 
1.29 
1.20 
1.13 
1.19 
1.19 

   High 
1.30 
1.39 
1.48 
1.38 
1.27 
1.33 
1.29 

NYSE
Dollars per ADS
Low
16.62
17.56
18.15
17.17
15.46
17.68
18.03

High 
19.85 
20.44 
21.88 
20.50 
17.96 
19.48 
19.64 

 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
The current authorised share capital comprises 68,250,000,000 ordinary shares of 
US$0.113/7 each and 50,000 7% cumulative fixed rate shares of £1.00 each and 
38,563,935,574 B shares of £0.15 each and 28,036,064,426 deferred shares of £0.15 
pence each.

Inflation and foreign currency translation
Inflation
Inflation has not had a significant effect on the Group’s results of operations and 
financial condition during the three years ended 31 March 2009.

Shareholders at 31 March 2009

Number of ordinary shares held 
1 – 1,000 
1,001 – 5,000 
5,001– 50,000 
50,001 – 100,000 
100,001– 500,000 
More than 500,000 

Additional information

Number of 
accounts 
  440,296 
   81,147 
   25,850 
   1,149 
   1,123 
   1,817 
  551,382 

% of total 
issued shares
0.21%
0.31%
0.56%
0.14%
0.46%
98.32%
100.00

Foreign currency translation
The following table sets out the pounds sterling exchange rates of the other principal 
currencies of the Group, being: “euros”, “€” or “eurocents”, the currency of the 
European Union (‘EU’) Member states which have adopted the euro as their currency, 
and “US dollars”, “US$”, “cents” or “¢”, the currency of the United States.

Geographical analysis of shareholders
At 31 March 2009, approximately 54.3% of the Company’s shares were held in the UK, 
30.3% in North America, 11.9% in Europe (excluding the UK) and 3.5% in the rest of 
the world.

Currency (=£1) 
Average:
Euro 
US dollar 
At 31 March:
Euro 
US dollar 

2009 

1.20 
1.72 

1.08 
1.43 

31 March 
2008 

Change
%

1.42 
2.01 

1.26 
1.99 

(15.5)
(14.4)

(14.3)
(28.1)

Major shareholders
The Bank of New York Mellon, as custodian of the Company’s ADR programme, held 
approximately 11.7% of the Company’s ordinary shares of US$0.113/7 each at 18 May 
2009  as  nominee.  The  total  number  of  ADRs  outstanding  at  18  May  2009  was 
618,284,295. At this date, 1,258 holders of record of ordinary shares had registered 
addresses in the United States and in total held approximately 0.008% of the ordinary 
shares of the Company. At 18 May 2009, the following percentage interests in the 
ordinary  share  capital  of  the  Company,  disclosable  under  the  Disclosure  and 
Transparency Rules, (DTR 5), have been notified to the directors:

The following table sets out, for the periods and dates indicated, the period end, 
average, high and low exchanges rates for pounds sterling expressed in US dollars 
per £1.00.

Shareholder 
AXA S.A. 
Legal & General Group Plc 

Shareholding
4.61% 
4.43%

Year ended 31 March 
2005  
2006  
2007  
2008  
2009 

Month 
November 2008 
December 2008 
January 2009 
February 2009 
March 2009 
April 2009 

31 March 
1.89 
1.74  
1.97 
1.99 
1.43 

Average 
1.85 
1.79 
1.89 
2.01 
1.72 

High 
1.96  
1.92 
1.98 
2.11 
2.00 

High 
1.60 
1.55 
1.52 
1.49 
1.47 
1.50 

Low
1.75
1.71
1.74
1.94
1.37

Low
1.47
1.44
1.37
1.42
1.38
1.44

Markets
Ordinary shares of Vodafone Group Plc are traded on the London Stock Exchange 
and, in the form of ADSs, on the NYSE. The Company had a total market capitalisation 
of approximately £66.9 billion at 18 May 2009, making it the third largest listing in The 
Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 index and the 31st largest company in the world 
based on market capitalisation at that date.

ADSs, each representing ten ordinary shares, are traded on the NYSE under the 
symbol ‘VOD’. The ADSs are evidenced by ADRs issued by The Bank of New York 
Mellon, as depositary, under a deposit agreement, dated as of 12 October 1988, as 
amended and restated as of 26 December 1989, as further amended and restated as 
of 16 September 1991, as further amended and restated as of 30 June 1999, and as 
further  amended  and  restated  as  of  31  July  2006  between  the  Company,  the 
depositary and the holders from time to time of ADRs issued thereunder.

ADS holders are not members of the Company but may instruct The Bank of New 
York Mellon on the exercise of voting rights relative to the number of ordinary shares 
represented  by  their  ADSs.  See  “Memorandum  and  articles  of  association  and 
applicable English law – Rights attaching to the Company’s shares – Voting rights” 
on page 130. 

The  rights  attaching  to  the  ordinary  shares  of  the  Company  held  by  these 
shareholders are identical in all respects to the rights attaching to all the ordinary 
shares of the Company. The directors are not aware, at 18 May 2009, of any other 
interest of 3% or more in the ordinary share capital of the Company. The Company is 
not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by any foreign government or any other 
legal entity. There are no arrangements known to the Company that could result in 
a change of control of the Company.

Memorandum and articles of association and applicable 
English law
The  following  description  summarises  certain  provisions  of  the  Company’s 
memorandum and articles of association and applicable English law. This summary 
is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Companies Act 1985 of England and 
Wales, as amended and the Companies Act 2006 of England and Wales as in force, 
and the Company’s memorandum and articles of association. Information on where 
shareholders can obtain copies of the memorandum and articles of association is 
provided under “Documents on display” on page 131.

All  of  the  Company’s  ordinary  shares  are  fully  paid.  Accordingly,  no  further 
contribution  of  capital  may  be  required  by  the  Company  from  the  holders  of 
such shares.

English  law  specifies  that  any  alteration  to  the  articles  of  association  must  be 
approved by a special resolution of the shareholders.

The Company’s objects
The Company is a public limited company under the laws of England and Wales. The 
Company is registered in England and Wales under the name Vodafone Group Public 
Limited Company, with the registration number 1833679. The Company’s objects are 
set out in the fourth clause of its memorandum of association and cover a wide range 
of activities, including to carry on the business of a holding company, to carry on 
business as dealers in, operators, manufacturers, repairers, designers, developers, 
importers  and  exporters  of  electronic,  electrical,  mechanical  and  aeronautical 
equipment of all types as well as to carry on all other businesses necessary to attain the 
Company’s objectives. The memorandum of association grants the Company a broad 
range of powers to effect its objects.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    129

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Shareholder information continued

Directors
The Company’s articles of association provide for a Board of directors, consisting 
of not fewer than three directors, who shall manage the business and affairs of 
the Company.

The directors are empowered to exercise all the powers of the Company subject to 
any restrictions in the articles of association.

Under the Company’s articles of association, a director cannot vote in respect of any 
proposal in which the director, or any person connected with the director, has a material 
interest other than by virtue of the director’s interest in the Company’s shares or other 
securities. However, this restriction on voting does not apply to resolutions (a) giving 
the  director  or  a  third  party  any  guarantee,  security  or  indemnity  in  respect  of 
obligations or liabilities incurred at the request of or for the benefit of the Company, (b) 
giving any guarantee, security or indemnity to the director or a third party in respect of 
obligations of the Company for which the director has assumed responsibility under an 
indemnity or guarantee, (c) relating to an offer of securities of the Company in which 
the director participates as a holder of shares or other securities or in the underwriting 
of such shares or securities, (d) concerning any other company in which the director 
(together with any connected person) is a shareholder or an officer or is otherwise 
interested, provided that the director (together with any connected person) is not 
interested in 1% or more of any class of the company’s equity share capital or the voting 
rights available to its shareholders, (e) relating to the arrangement of any employee 
benefit in which the director will share equally with other employees and (f) relating to 
any insurance that the Company purchases or renews for its directors or any group of 
people, including directors.

The directors are empowered to exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow 
money, subject to the limitation that the aggregate amount of all liabilities and 
obligations of the Group outstanding at any time shall not exceed an amount equal 
to 1.5 times the aggregate of the Group’s share capital and reserves calculated in the 
manner prescribed in the articles of association, unless sanctioned by an ordinary 
resolution of the Company’s shareholders.

The Company can make market purchases of its own shares or agree to do so in the 
future, provided it is duly authorised by its members in a general meeting and subject 
to and in accordance with Section 166 of the Companies Act 1985.

In accordance with the Company’s articles of association, directors retiring at each 
AGM are those last elected or re-elected at or before the AGM held in the third 
calendar year before the current year. In 2005, the Company reviewed its policy 
regarding the retirement and re-election of directors and, although it is not intended 
to amend the Company’s articles of association in this regard, the Board has decided, 
in the interests of good corporate governance, that all of the directors should offer 
themselves for re-election annually.

No person is disqualified from being a director or is required to vacate that office by 
reason of age. 

Directors are not required, under the Company’s articles of association, to hold any shares 
of the Company as a qualification to act as a director, although executive directors 
participating in long term incentive plans must comply with the Company’s share 
ownership  guidelines.  In  accordance  with  best  practice  in  the  UK  for  corporate 
governance, compensation awarded to executive directors is decided by a remuneration 
committee consisting exclusively of non-executive directors. 

In addition, as required by The Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations, the 
Board  has,  since  2003,  prepared  a  report  to  shareholders  on  the  directors’ 
remuneration which complies with the regulations (see pages 57 to 67). The report 
is also subject to a shareholder vote.

Rights attaching to the Company’s shares
At 31 March 2009, the issued share capital of the Company was comprised of 50,000 
7% cumulative fixed rate shares of £1.00 each and 52,483,872,615 ordinary shares 
(excluding treasury shares) of US$0.113/7 each.

Dividend rights
Holders of 7% cumulative fixed rate shares are entitled to be paid in respect of each 
financial  year,  or  other  accounting  period  of  the  Company,  a  fixed  cumulative 
preferential dividend of 7% per annum on the nominal value of the fixed rate shares. 
A preferential dividend may only be paid out of available distributable profits which 
the directors have resolved should be distributed. The fixed rate shares do not have 
any other right to share in the Company’s profits.

Holders of the Company’s ordinary shares may, by ordinary resolution, declare 
dividends but may not declare dividends in excess of the amount recommended by 
the directors. The Board of directors may also pay interim dividends. No dividend may 
be paid other than out of profits available for distribution. Dividends on ordinary 
shares will be announced in pounds sterling. Holders of ordinary shares with a 
registered address in a eurozone country (defined, for this purpose, as a country that 
has adopted the euro as its national currency) will receive their dividends in euros, 
exchanged from pounds sterling at a rate fixed by the Board of directors in accordance 
with the articles of association. Dividends for ADS holders represented by ordinary 
shares held by the depositary will be paid to the depositary in US dollars, exchanged 
from pounds sterling at a rate fixed by the directors in accordance with the articles of 
association, and the depositary will distribute them to the ADS holders.

If a dividend has not been claimed for one year after the date of the resolution passed 
at a general meeting declaring that dividend or the resolution of the directors 
providing for payment of that dividend, the directors may invest the dividend or use 
it in some other way for the benefit of the Company until the dividend is claimed. If 
the dividend remains unclaimed for 12 years after the relevant resolution either 
declaring that dividend or providing for payment of that dividend, it will be forfeited 
and belong to the Company.

Voting rights
The Company’s articles of association provide that voting on substantive resolutions 
(i.e. any resolution which is not a procedural resolution) at a general meeting shall be 
decided on a poll. On a poll, each shareholder who is entitled to vote and is present 
in person or by proxy has one vote for every share held. Procedural resolutions (such 
as a resolution to adjourn a General Meeting or a resolution on the choice of Chairman 
of a general meeting) shall be decided on a show of hands, where each shareholder 
who is present at the meeting has one vote regardless of the number of shares held, 
unless a poll is demanded. In addition, the articles of association allow persons 
appointed as proxies of shareholders entitled to vote at general meetings to vote on 
a show of hands, as well as to vote on a poll and attend and speak at general meetings. 
Holders of the Company’s ordinary shares do not have cumulative voting rights.

Under English law, two shareholders present in person constitute a quorum for 
purposes of a general meeting, unless a company’s articles of association specify 
otherwise. The Company’s articles of association do not specify otherwise, except 
that the shareholders do not need to be present in person, and may instead be 
present by proxy, to constitute a quorum.

Under English law, shareholders of a public company such as the Company are not 
permitted to pass resolutions by written consent.

Record holders of the Company’s ADSs are entitled to attend, speak and vote on a 
poll or a show of hands at any general meeting of the Company’s shareholders by the 
depositary’s appointment of them as corporate representatives with respect to the 
underlying ordinary shares represented by their ADSs. Alternatively, holders of ADSs 
are entitled to vote by supplying their voting instructions to the depositary or its 
nominee, who will vote the ordinary shares underlying their ADSs in accordance with 
their instructions.

Employees  are  able  to  vote  any  shares  held  under  the  Vodafone  Group  Share 
Incentive Plan and ‘My ShareBank’ (a vested share account) through the respective 
plan’s trustees.

Holders of the Company’s 7% cumulative fixed rate shares are only entitled to vote on 
any resolution to vary or abrogate the rights attached to the fixed rate shares. Holders 
have one vote for every fully paid 7% cumulative fixed rate share.

130    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Additional information

Liquidation rights
In the event of the liquidation of the Company, after payment of all liabilities and 
deductions  in  accordance  with  English  law,  the  holders  of  the  Company’s  7% 
cumulative fixed rate shares would be entitled to a sum equal to the capital paid up 
on such shares, together with certain dividend payments, in priority to holders of the 
Company’s ordinary shares. The holders of the fixed rate shares do not have any other 
right to share in the Company’s surplus assets.

Shareholders must provide the Company with an address or (so far as the Companies 
Acts allow) an electronic address or fax number in the United Kingdom in order to be 
entitled  to  receive  notices  of  shareholders’  meetings  and  other  notices  and 
documents. In certain circumstances, the Company may give notices to shareholders 
by advertisement in newspapers in the United Kingdom. Holders of the Company’s 
ADSs are entitled to receive notices under the terms of the Deposit Agreement 
relating to the ADSs.

Pre-emptive rights and new issues of shares
Under Section 80 of the Companies Act 1985, directors are, with certain exceptions, 
unable to allot relevant securities without the authority of the shareholders in a 
general meeting. Relevant securities as defined in the Companies Act 1985 include 
the Company’s ordinary shares or securities convertible into the Company’s ordinary 
shares. In addition, Section 89 of the Companies Act 1985 imposes further restrictions 
on the issue of equity securities (as defined in the Companies Act 1985, which include 
the Company’s ordinary shares and securities convertible into ordinary shares) which 
are, or are to be, paid up wholly in cash and not first offered to existing shareholders. 
The Company’s articles of association allow shareholders to authorise directors for a 
period up to five years to allot (a) relevant securities generally up to an amount fixed 
by the shareholders and (b) equity securities for cash other than in connection with 
a rights issue up to an amount specified by the shareholders and free of the restriction 
in Section 89. In accordance with institutional investor guidelines, the amount of 
relevant securities to be fixed by shareholders is normally restricted to one third of 
the existing issued ordinary share capital, and the amount of equity securities to be 
issued for cash other than in connection with a rights issue is restricted to 5% of the 
existing issued ordinary share capital.

Disclosure of interests in the Company’s shares
There are no provisions in the articles of association whereby persons acquiring, holding 
or disposing of a certain percentage of the Company’s shares are required to make 
disclosure of their ownership percentage, although such requirements exist under rules 
derived by the Disclosure and Transparency Rules (‘DTRs’).

The basic disclosure requirement upon a person acquiring or disposing of shares 
carrying voting rights is an obligation to provide written notification to the Company, 
including certain details as set out in DTR 5, where the percentage of the person’s 
voting rights which he holds as shareholder or through his direct or indirect holding 
of financial instruments (falling within DTR 5.3.1R) reaches or exceeds 3% and 
reaches, exceeds or falls below each 1% threshold thereafter.

Under Section 793 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company may, by notice in 
writing, require a person that the Company knows or has reasonable cause to believe 
is, or was during the preceding three years, interested in the Company’s shares to 
indicate whether or not that is correct and, if that person does or did hold an interest 
in the Company’s shares, to provide certain information as set out in the Companies 
Act 2006. DTR 3 deals with the disclosure by persons “discharging managerial 
responsibility” and their connected persons of the occurrence of all transactions 
conducted on their account in the shares in the Company. Part 28 of The Companies 
Act 2006 sets out the statutory functions of the Panel on Takeovers & Mergers (the 
‘Panel’). The Panel is responsible for issuing and administering the Code on Takeovers 
& Mergers and governs disclosure requirements on all parties to a takeover with 
regard to dealings in the securities of an offeror or offeree company and also on their 
respective associates during the course of an offer period.

General meetings and notices
Annual general meetings are held at such times and place as determined by the 
directors of the Company. The directors may also, when they think fit, convene other 
general meetings of the Company. General meetings may also be convened on 
requisition as provided by the Companies Act 2006. 

An annual general meeting and any other general meeting called for the passing of 
a special resolution needs to be called by not less than twenty-one days’ notice in 
writing and all other general meetings by not less than fourteen days’ notice in 
writing. The directors may determine that persons entitled to receive notices of 
meetings are those persons entered on the register at the close of business on a day 
determined by the directors but not later than twenty-one days before the date the 
relevant notice is sent. The notice may also specify the record date, which shall not 
be more than forty-eight hours before the time fixed for the meeting.

Under Section 336 of the Companies Act 2006, the annual general meeting of 
shareholders  must  be  held  each  calendar  year  and  within  six  months  of  the 
Company’s year end.

Electronic communications
The Company may, subject to and in accordance with the Companies Act 2006, 
communicate all shareholder information by electronic means, including by making 
such information available on a website, with notification that such information shall 
be available on the website.

Variation of rights
If, at any time, the Company’s share capital is divided into different classes of shares, the 
rights attached to any class may be varied, subject to the provisions of the Companies 
Acts, either with the consent in writing of the holders of three fourths in nominal value of 
the shares of that class or upon the adoption of an extraordinary resolution passed at a 
separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.

At every such separate meeting, all of the provisions of the articles of association 
relating to proceedings at a general meeting apply, except that (a) the quorum is to 
be the number of persons (which must be at least two) who hold or represent by 
proxy not less than one third in nominal value of the issued shares of the class or, if 
such quorum is not present on an adjourned meeting, one person who holds shares 
of the class regardless of the number of shares he holds, (b) any person present in 
person or by proxy may demand a poll, and (c) each shareholder will have one vote 
per share held in that particular class in the event a poll is taken. Class rights are 
deemed not to have been varied by the creation or issue of new shares ranking 
equally with or subsequent to that class of shares in sharing in profits or assets of the 
Company or by a redemption or repurchase of the shares by the Company.

Limitations on voting and shareholding
As far as the Company is aware, there are no limitations imposed on the transfer, 
holding or voting of the Company’s shares other than those limitations that would 
generally apply to all of the shareholders. No shareholder has any securities carrying 
special rights with regard to control of the Company.

Documents on display
The Company is subject to the information requirements of the US Securities and 
Exchange Act of 1934 applicable to foreign private issuers. In accordance with these 
requirements, the Company files its annual report on Form 20-F and other related 
documents with the SEC. These documents may be inspected at the SEC’s public 
reference rooms located at 100 F Street, NE Washington, DC 20549. Information on the 
operation of the public reference room can be obtained in the US by calling the SEC on 
+1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, some of the Company’s SEC filings, including all those 
filed on or after 4 November 2002, are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. 
Shareholders can also obtain copies of the Company’s memorandum and articles of 
association from the Vodafone website at www.vodafone.com/governance or from 
the Company’s registered office.

Debt securities
Pursuant to an Agreement of Resignation, Appointment and Acceptance, dated as of 
24 July 2007, by and among the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon and Citibank 
N.A, The Bank of New York Mellon has become the successor trustee to Citibank N.A. 
under the Company’s Indenture dated as of 10 February 2000.

Material contracts 
At the date of this annual report, the Group is not party to any contracts that are 
considered material to the Group’s results or operations, except for its US$9.1 billion 
credit facilities which are discussed under “Financial position and resources” on 
page 44.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    131

Shareholder information continued

Exchange controls
There are no UK government laws, decrees or regulations that restrict or affect the 
export or import of capital, including but not limited to, foreign exchange controls on 
remittance of dividends on the ordinary shares or on the conduct of the Group’s 
operations, except as otherwise set out under “Taxation” below. 

Taxation
As this is a complex area, investors should consult their own tax adviser regarding the 
US federal, state and local, the UK and other tax consequences of owning and 
disposing of shares and ADSs in their particular circumstances.

This section describes, primarily for a US holder (as defined below), in general terms, 
the principal US federal income tax and UK tax consequences of owning or disposing 
of shares or ADSs in the Company held as capital assets (for US and UK tax purposes). 
This section does not, however, cover the tax consequences for members of certain 
classes  of  holders  subject  to  special  rules  including  officers  of  the  Company, 
employees and holders that, directly or indirectly, hold 10% or more of the Company’s 
voting stock. The tax consequences of the return of capital and the share consolidation 
undertaken during the 2007 financial year pursuant to a B share scheme are also not 
covered  in  this  section.  Guidance  for  holders  of  B  shares  in  certain  specific 
circumstances was included in the circular for the issue of B shares, a copy of which is 
available on the Company’s website at www.vodafone.com/shareholder. 

A US holder is a beneficial owner of shares or ADSs that is for US federal income 
tax purposes: 

•	
•	
•	

•	

a citizen or resident of the United States; 
a US domestic corporation; 
an estate, the income of which is subject to US federal income tax regardless  
of its source; or 
a trust, if a US court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration 
and one or more US persons are authorised to control all substantial decisions of 
the trust.

If a partnership holds the shares or ADSs, the US federal income tax treatment of a 
partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the tax treatment of 
the partnership. A partner in a partnership holding the shares or ADSs should consult 
its tax advisor with regard to the US federal income tax treatment of an investment in 
the shares or ADSs. 

This section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative 
history, existing and proposed regulations thereunder, published rulings and court 
decisions, and on the tax laws of the United Kingdom and the Double Taxation 
Convention between the United States and the United Kingdom (the ‘treaty’), all as 
currently in effect. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. 

This section is further based in part upon the representations of the depositary and 
assumes that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any related agreement 
will be performed in accordance with its terms. 

Based on this assumption, for purposes of the treaty and the US-UK double taxation 
convention relating to estate and gift taxes (the ‘Estate Tax Convention’), and for US 
federal income tax and UK tax purposes, a holder of ADRs evidencing ADSs will be 
treated as the owner of the shares in the Company represented by those ADSs. 
Generally, exchanges of shares for ADRs, and ADRs for shares, will not be subject to 
US federal income tax or to UK tax, other than stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax 
(see the section on these taxes on the following page).

Taxation of dividends
UK taxation 
Under current UK tax law, no withholding tax will be deducted from dividends paid by 
the Company. A shareholder that is a company resident for UK tax purposes in the 
United Kingdom will generally not be taxable on a dividend it receives from the 
Company. The Government has announced the introduction of provisions (with 
effect from 1 July 2009) which, if enacted in their current form, would result in 
shareholders who are within the charge to corporate tax being subject to corporate 
tax on dividends paid by the Company, unless the dividends fall within an exempt 
class and certain other conditions are met. It is expected that the dividends paid by 
the Company would generally be exempt. 

A shareholder in the Company who is an individual resident for UK tax purposes in the 
United Kingdom is entitled, in calculating their liability to UK income tax, to a tax 
credit on cash dividends paid on shares in the Company or ADSs, and the tax credit is 
equal to one-ninth of the cash dividend. 

US federal income taxation
Subject to the PFIC rules described below, a US holder is subject to US federal income 
taxation on the gross amount of any dividend paid by the Company out of its current 
or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for US federal income tax 
purposes). Dividends paid to a non-corporate US holder in tax years beginning before 
1 January 2011 that constitute qualified dividend income will be taxable to the holder 
at a maximum tax rate of 15%, provided that the ordinary shares or ADSs are held for 
more  than  60  days  during  the  121  day  period  beginning  60  days  before  the 
ex-dividend date and the holder meets other holding period requirements. Dividends 
paid by the Company with respect to the shares or ADSs will generally be qualified 
dividend income.

A US holder is not subject to a UK withholding tax. The US holder includes in gross 
income for US federal income tax purposes only the amount of the dividend actually 
received from the Company, and the receipt of a dividend does not entitle the US 
holder to a foreign tax credit.

Dividends must be included in income when the US holder, in the case of shares, or 
the depositary, in the case of ADSs, actually or constructively receives the dividend 
and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to US 
corporations in respect of dividends received from other US corporations. Dividends 
will be income from sources outside the United States. For the purpose of the foreign 
tax credit limitation, foreign source income is classified in one or two baskets, and the 
credit for foreign taxes on income in any basket is limited to US federal income tax 
allocable to that income. Generally, dividends paid by the Company will constitute 
foreign source income in the passive income basket.

In the case of shares, the amount of the dividend distribution to be included in income 
will be the US dollar value of the pound sterling payments made, determined at the 
spot pound sterling/US dollar rate on the date of the dividend distribution, regardless 
of whether the payment is in fact converted into US dollars. Generally, any gain or 
loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date 
the  dividend  payment  is  to  be  included  in  income  to  the  date  the  payment  is 
converted into US dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss. Generally, the 
gain or loss will be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign 
tax credit limitation purposes.

Taxation of capital gains
UK taxation
A US holder may be liable for both UK and US tax in respect of a gain on the disposal 
of the Company’s shares or ADSs if the US holder is:

•	

•	

•	

•	

a citizen of the United States resident or ordinarily resident for UK tax purposes in 
the United Kingdom; 
a citizen of the United States who has been resident or ordinarily resident for UK 
tax purposes in the United Kingdom, ceased to be so resident or ordinarily resident 
for a period of less than five years of assessment and who disposed of the shares 
or ADSs during that period (a ‘temporary non-resident’), unless the shares or ADSs 
were also acquired during that period, such liability arising on that individual’s 
return to the UK;
a US domestic corporation resident in the United Kingdom by reason of being 
centrally managed and controlled in the United Kingdom; or 
a citizen of the United States or a US domestic corporation that carries on a trade, 
profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch or agency or, in 
the case of US domestic companies, through a permanent establishment and that 
has used the shares or ADSs for the purposes of such trade, profession or vocation 
or has used, held or acquired the shares or ADSs for the purposes of such branch 
or agency or permanent establishment. 

Under the treaty, capital gains on dispositions of the shares or ADSs are generally 
subject to tax only in the country of residence of the relevant holder as determined 
under both the laws of the United Kingdom and the United States and as required by 
the terms of the treaty. However, individuals who are residents of either the United 
Kingdom or the United States and who have been residents of the other jurisdiction 

132    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

(the US or the UK, as the case may be) at any time during the six years immediately 
preceding the relevant disposal of shares or ADSs may be subject to tax with respect 
to capital gains arising from the dispositions of the shares or ADSs not only in the 
country of which the holder is resident at the time of the disposition, but also in that 
other country (although, in respect of UK taxation, generally only to the extent that 
such an individual comprises a temporary non-resident).

No stamp duty will be payable on any transfer of ADSs of the Company, provided that 
the ADSs and any separate instrument of transfer are executed and retained at all 
times outside the United Kingdom. A transfer of shares in the Company in registered 
form will attract ad valorem stamp duty generally at the rate of 0.5% of the purchase 
price of the shares. There is no charge to ad valorem stamp duty on gifts. 

Additional information

SDRT is generally payable on an unconditional agreement to transfer shares in the 
Company in registered form at 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration for 
the transfer, but is repayable if, within six years of the date of the agreement, an 
instrument transferring the shares is executed or, if the SDRT has not been paid, the 
liability to pay the tax (but not necessarily interest and penalties) would be cancelled. 
However, an agreement to transfer the ADSs of the Company will not give rise 
to SDRT. 

PFIC rules
The Company does not believe that the shares or ADSs will be treated as stock of a 
passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for US federal income tax purposes. 
This conclusion is a factual determination that is made annually and thus is subject 
to change. If the Company is treated as a PFIC, any gain realised on the sale or other 
disposition of the shares or ADSs would in general not be treated as capital gain, 
unless a US holder elects to be taxed annually on a mark-to-market basis with respect 
to the shares or ADSs. Otherwise a US holder would be treated as if he or she has 
realised such gain and certain “excess distributions” rateably over the holding period 
for the shares or ADSs and would be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for each 
such year to which the gain was allocated. An interest charge in respect of the tax 
attributable to each such year would also apply. Dividends received from Vodafone 
would not be eligible for the preferential tax rate applicable to qualified dividend 
income for certain non-corporate holders.

US federal income taxation
Subject to the PFIC rules described below, a US holder that sells or otherwise disposes of 
the Company’s shares or ADSs will recognise a capital gain or loss for US federal 
income tax purposes equal to the difference between the US dollar value of the 
amount realised and the holder’s tax basis, determined in US dollars, in the shares or 
ADSs. Generally, a capital gain of a non-corporate US holder that is recognised in tax 
years beginning before 1 January 2011 is taxed at a maximum rate of 15%, provided 
the holder has a holding period of more than one year. The gain or loss will generally 
be  income  or  loss  from  sources  within  the  United  States  for  foreign  tax  credit 
limitation purposes. The deductibility of losses is subject to limitations.

Additional tax considerations
UK inheritance tax
An individual who is domiciled in the United States (for the purposes of the Estate Tax 
Convention) and is not a UK national will not be subject to UK inheritance tax in 
respect of the Company’s shares or ADSs on the individual’s death or on a transfer of 
the shares or ADSs during the individual’s lifetime, provided that any applicable US 
federal gift or estate tax is paid, unless the shares or ADSs are part of the business 
property of a UK permanent establishment or pertain to a UK fixed base used for the 
performance of independent personal services. Where the shares or ADSs have been 
placed in trust by a settlor, they may be subject to UK inheritance tax unless, when 
the trust was created, the settlor was domiciled in the United States and was not a UK 
national. Where the shares or ADSs are subject to both UK inheritance tax and to US 
federal gift or estate tax, the estate tax convention generally provides a credit against 
US federal tax liabilities for UK inheritance tax paid. 

UK stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax
Stamp  duty  will,  subject  to  certain  exceptions,  be  payable  on  any  instrument 
transferring shares in the Company to the custodian of the depositary at the rate of 
1.5% on the amount or value of the consideration if on sale or on the value of such 
shares if not on sale. Stamp duty reserve tax (‘SDRT’), at the rate of 1.5% of the price 
or value of the shares, could also be payable in these circumstances and on issue to 
such a person, but no SDRT will be payable if stamp duty equal to such SDRT liability 
is paid. In accordance with the terms of the deposit agreement, any tax or duty 
payable on deposits of shares by the depositary or the custodian of the depositary 
will be charged to the party to whom ADSs are delivered against such deposits.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    133

History and development

The Company was incorporated under English law in 1984 as Racal Strategic Radio 
Limited (registered number 1833679). After various name changes, 20% of Racal 
Telecom Plc capital was offered to the public in October 1988. The Company was 
fully demerged from Racal Electronics Plc and became an independent company in 
September 1991, at which time it changed its name to Vodafone Group Plc.

20 December 2006 – Switzerland: Disposed of 25% interest in Swisscom Mobile AG 
for CHF4.25 billion (£1.8 billion).

9 May 2007 – India: A Bharti group company irrevocably agreed to purchase the 
Group’s  5.60%  direct  shareholding  in  Bharti  Airtel  Limited  (see  note  30  to  the 
consolidated financial statements).

Since then, the Group entered into various transactions, which consolidated the 
Group’s position in the United Kingdom and enhanced its international presence. The 
most significant of these transactions were as follows:

•	

•	

•	

•	

The merger with AirTouch Communications, Inc., which completed on 30 June 1999. 
The Company changed its name to Vodafone AirTouch plc in June 1999, but then 
reverted to its former name, Vodafone Group Plc, on 28 July 2000.
The acquisition of Mannesmann AG, which completed on 12 April 2000. Through 
this  transaction  the  Group  acquired  subsidiaries  in  Germany  and  Italy,  and 
increased the Group’s indirect holding in SFR.
Through  a  series  of  business  transactions  between  1999  and  2004,  the 
Group acquired a 97.7% stake in Vodafone Japan. This was then disposed of on 
27 April 2006.
On 8 May 2007, the Group acquired companies with interests in Vodafone Essar for 
US$10.9 billion (£5.5 billion), following which the Group controls Vodafone Essar.

3  December  2007  –  Italy  and  Spain:  Acquired  Tele2  Italia  SpA  and  Tele2 
Telecommunications  Services  SLU  from  Tele2  AB  Group  for  €775  million 
(£537 million).

11 December 2007 – Qatar: A consortium comprising Vodafone and The Qatar 
Foundation was named as the successful applicant in the auction to become the 
second mobile operator in Qatar. 

19 May 2008 – Arcor: The Group increased its stake in Arcor for €460 million 
(£366 million) and now owns 100% of Arcor.

17 August 2008 – Ghana: The Group acquired 70% of Ghana Telecommunications 
for cash consideration of £486 million (see note 29 to the consolidated financial 
statements).

Other transactions that have occurred since 31 March 2006 are as follows:

18 December 2008 – Poland: The Group increased its stake in Polkomtel S.A. by 
4.8% to 24.4% for net cash consideration of €186 million (£171 million).

20 April 2006 – South Africa: Increased stake in Vodacom Group (Pty) Limited 
(‘Vodacom’) by 15.0% to 50.0% for a consideration of ZAR15.8 billion (£1.5 billion).

24 May 2006 – Turkey: The assets of Telsim Mobil Telekomunikasyon were acquired 
for US$4.67 billion (£2.6 billion).

29 June 2006 – Greece: The Group’s interest in Vodafone Greece reached 99.9% 
following a public offer for all outstanding shares.

3 November 2006 – Belgium: Disposed of 25% interest in Belgacom Mobile SA for 
€2.0 billion (£1.3 billion).

25 November 2006 – Netherlands: Group’s shareholding increased to 100.0% 
following a compulsory acquisition of outstanding shares.

3 December 2006 – Egypt: Acquired an additional 4.8% stake in Vodafone Egypt 
bringing the Group’s interest to 54.9%.

9 January 2009 – Verizon Wireless: Verizon Wireless completed its acquisition of 
Alltel Corp. for approximately US$5.9 billion (£3.9 billion).

9 February 2009 – Australia: Announced an agreement to merge its Australian 
business with Hutchison Telecommunications (Australia) Limited, forming a 50:50 
joint venture. 

20  April  2009  –  South  Africa:  the  Group  acquired  an  additional  15%  stake  in 
Vodacom for cash consideration of ZAR20.6 billion (£1.6 billion). On 18 May 2009, 
Vodacom became a subsidiary undertaking following the listing of its shares on the 
Johannesburg  Stock  Exchange  and  concurrent  termination  of  the  shareholder 
agreement with Telkom SA Limited, the seller and previous joint venture partner.

134    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Regulation

Additional information

The Group’s operating companies are generally subject to regulation governing 
the operation of their business activities. Such regulation typically takes the form 
of  industry  specific  law  and  regulation  covering  telecommunications  services 
and  general  competition  (antitrust)  law  applicable  to  all  activities.  Some 
regulation  implements  commitments  made  by  governments  under  the  Basic 
Telecommunications Accord of the World Trade Organisation to facilitate market 
entry and establish regulatory frameworks.

The following section describes the regulatory framework and the key regulatory 
developments at the global and regional level and in selected countries in which the 
Group has significant interests. Many of the regulatory developments reported in the 
following  section  involve  ongoing  proceedings  or  consideration  of  potential 
proceedings that have not reached a conclusion. Accordingly, the Group is unable to 
attach a specific level of financial risk to the Group’s performance from such matters.

European Union
In November 2007, the Commission published proposals to amend the EU framework 
(‘the review’). Any changes to the EU framework would become effective following 
their  transposition  into  national  law  from  around  2010.  Not  all  of  these  affect 
Vodafone directly. The proposals that may directly affect Vodafone include:

•	
•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	
•	

the creation of a new European advisory body;
amendments  intended  to  facilitate  investment  in  next  generation  fixed 
infrastructure;
the addition of functional separation as a remedy subject to certain conditions 
being fulfilled;
changes to the licensing of spectrum, introducing more flexibility, trading and 
market-based approaches;
some ‘net neutrality’ provisions to address the concerns that the services of some 
internet service providers will be blocked or otherwise discriminated against by 
network operators;
proposals that number portability be completed in one day on all networks in 
the EU;
various measures to address concerns about network security; and
various measures to address the provision of services for the disabled.

The proposed changes have been voted on by the European Parliament and the 
Council  of  Member  States  (the  ‘Council’)  must  decide  whether  to  accept  the 
Parliament’s amendments. This process is expected to conclude in June 2009 if the 
Council accepts. If not, the proposals will proceed to a third reading. The impact of 
the review on Vodafone will depend on the changes actually adopted by the EU, the 
manner in which revised directives are subsequently implemented in member states 
and how the revised regulatory framework is then applied by the respective national 
regulatory authorities (‘NRAs’) and the European Commission (the ‘Commission’). 

The  European  Commission’s  Competition  Directorate  has  commenced  an 
investigation  into  the  provision  of  voice  over  internet  protocol  (‘VOIP’),  with  a 
preliminary investigation into the provision of access to VOIP and other internet 
services  over  mobile  networks.  This  investigation  is  at  an  early  stage  with  the 
Commission gathering information from interested parties.

International roaming
In April 2009, the European Parliament voted in favour of a revised regulation (the 
‘roaming regulation’) under Article 95 of the EU Treaty amending and extending the 
requirements on mobile operators to supply voice roaming by means of a euro-tariff 
(from which customers may opt out) under which the cost of making and receiving 
calls within the EU is capped. New caps for making calls are proposed at 39 eurocents 
and 35 eurocents and new caps for the costs of receiving calls of 15 eurocents and 
11 eurocents effective July 2010 and July 2011, respectively. The revised regulation 
requires roaming voice charges to be levied in per second units, although operators 
may establish certain initial charges for making calls.

The roaming regulations also regulates roaming text messages and data roaming with 
proposals including a retail cap of 11 eurocents and a wholesale cap of 4 eurocents 
on roaming text messages. An average wholesale price cap for data roaming services 
of 100 eurocents per megabyte is proposed. This price cap reduces to 80 eurocents 
in July 2010 and to 50 eurocents in July 2011. In addition, the regulation sets out a 
number  of  transparency  measures  to  be  implemented.  The  proposals  require 
agreement  of  the  Council  to  become  law  and  are  likely  to  enter  into  force  in 
July 2009.

Call termination
At 31 March 2009, the termination rates effective for the Group’s subsidiaries and 
joint ventures within the EU, which differs from the Group’s Europe region, ranged 
from 4.7 eurocents (4.3 pence) to 9.7 eurocents (9.0 pence), at the relevant 31 March 
2009 exchange rate. 

In May 2009, the Commission adopted a recommendation aimed at achieving further 
convergence of termination rates in Europe, including principles on which cost 
elements should be taken into account when NRAs determine termination rates and 
to ensure that termination rates are implemented at a “cost efficient, symmetric 
level” by 31 December 2012 or in certain cases by July 2014. NRAs are required to 
take utmost account of the Commission’s recommendations, but may depart from 
them in justified circumstances. 

Fixed network regulation
In September 2008, the Commission consulted upon proposals for a recommendation 
on the future regulation of fibre networks. Plans to construct such networks have 
been  announced  by  the  incumbent  fixed  line  operators  in  the  UK,  Italy,  the 
Netherlands and Spain and are already well developed in France and Germany.

Spectrum
In  February  2007,  the  Commission  published  a  communication  on  its  plans  to 
introduce greater flexibility in the use of spectrum in selected bands, including 2G 
and  3G  bands,  through  the  use  of  decisions  agreed  with  the  Radio  Spectrum 
Committee (an EU level committee comprising the Commission and member states). 
The first proposed measure is a replacement of the GSM Directive by a decision to 
allow the deployment of UMTS services using 900 MHz and 1800 MHz spectrum 
(‘refarming’). The Commission submitted formal proposals for such a decision to the 
European Parliament in July 2007.

In November 2007, the European Commission made a policy announcement on the 
800 MHz ‘digital dividend’ spectrum (to be released following the transition from 
analogue to digital TV). It urged Europe, and the member states in particular, to 
identify new harmonised bands of spectrum for mobile broadband services and 
mobile TV.

Europe
Germany
The NRA published proposals to auction further 1800 MHz, 2.1 GHz, 2.6 GHz and UHF 
spectrum, with auctions expected in late 2009 or early 2010.

The NRA reduced termination rates from 7.92 eurocents to 6.59 eurocents applicable 
from 1 April 2009 until 30 November 2010.

Italy
The NRA has issued a decision on reassigning 900 MHz spectrum and 2.1 GHz 
spectrum and on the implementation of 900 MHz refarming. The Italian Government 
has now published a notice with a call for tender and auction for certain frequencies. 
The four existing network operators have submitted expressions of interest. The offer 
starting price has been set at €495.8 million, but in the case of no bidders, the starting 
price will be reduced to €88.7 million. 

The Italian NRA has approved Telecom Italia’s proposed voluntary undertakings on 
fixed network access. Vodafone currently purchases certain services from Telecom 
Italia in order to provide fixed broadband services in the Italian market.

In July 2008, the NRA reduced Vodafone’s termination rate by 11% to 8.85 eurocents, 
with  the  NRA  foreseeing  further  reductions  to  7.70  eurocents  in  July  2009, 
6.60 eurocents in July 2010, 5.30 eurocents in July 2011 and 4.50 eurocents in 
July 2012. 

Spain
The Ministry has announced that Vodafone has met its coverage commitments 
under  the  3G  licence.  The  National  Communication  Authority  (‘NCA’)  issued  a 
statement of objections in the procedure opened for an alleged anti-competitive 
practice in January 2007, concerning alleged concerted practice by Vodafone and 
others to establish the same call set up charges. It has proposed a finding that 
Vodafone was not liable for any breach.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    135

Regulation continued

The NRA adopted a decision on universal service contributions for the years 2003, 
2004 and 2005. In its decision for 2006, it declared an amount of €75.3 million 
payable by the industry. Vodafone will be liable for a proportion of this amount.

Vodafone reduced its termination rate to 7.87 eurocents in October 2008 and to 
7.00 eurocents in April 2009.

United Kingdom
An auction of 2.6 GHz spectrum is expected to commence during 2009. The NRA also 
proposes  to  auction  72  MHz  of  digital  dividend  spectrum  suitable  for  mobile 
communications in the 790-862 MHz range during the 2010 calendar year. The NRA 
published proposals to allow refarming of 900 MHz spectrum, but proposed that 
Vodafone and O2 first release 2 x 2.5 MHz each for reallocation to other parties.

Vodafone  UK  filed  an  appeal  against  the  proposals  of  the  NRA  to  reform  the 
number portability processes and reduce porting times to two hours. The appeal 
was successful.

Vodafone’s regulated average termination rate from April 2008 to March 2009 was 
5.75 pence. The rate will decline to 4.72 pence for the year commencing April 2009 
following appeals by BT and H3G to the competition appeals tribunal. 

The  UK  Government  has  specified  a  wireless  radio  spectrum  modernisation 
programme under its digital Britain project. Elements of the project include resolving 
the future of existing 2G radio spectrum and commitments by mobile operators to 
extend the coverage of mobile broadband. The UK Government is expected to 
publish further details of its proposals over the summer of 2009.

Other Europe
Greece
Vodafone  Greece  and  other  mobile  operators  have  encountered  difficulties  in 
obtaining  authorisations  to  install  and  maintain  base  stations  and  antennae. 
Operators have proposed amendments to the relevant law and have requested that 
the Government extend the deadline for obtaining such approvals. In May, the 
Government set a new deadline of March 2010. Vodafone Greece is negotiating 
a co-location agreement to site base stations on the premises of OTE, following a 
regulatory decision in February 2009 mandating co-location.

Vodafone Greece continues to appeal findings and sanctions arising from the 2007 
interception incident. A number of civil lawsuits are also pending in the Greek courts.

In January 2009, the termination rate reduced by 20.7% to 7.86 eurocents.

Ireland
Vodafone Ireland will reduce its termination rates to 7.80 eurocents from 1 April 2010 
and reductions to 7.00 eurocents from 1 April 2011, and then to 5.00 eurocents from 
1 April 2012 until April 2013 are expected.

Netherlands
The  NRA  acknowledged  Vodafone’s  compliance  with  3G  coverage  obligations. 
Auctions of 2.6 GHz spectrum are expected in early 2010. 

An appeal by one stakeholder against the NRA’s decision setting call termination 
rates was successful. As a result, the termination rate remained at 9.90 eurocents. 
A final court decision is expected in May 2009. Unless the court decides otherwise, 
Vodafone’s rate is expected to be reduced in July 2009 to 7.00 eurocents.

Portugal
The NRA is expected to auction 2.6 GHz spectrum in 2009.

Africa and Central Europe
South Africa
In January 2009, the NRA published, under the Electronic Communication Act, Act 
36 of 2005, a notice indicating that it is issuing converted licences to close the licence 
conversion  process,  which  commenced  in  2006.  Vodacom’s  mobile  cellular 
telecommunications  licence,  which  was  issued  under  the  now  repealed 
Telecommunications Act, Act 103 of 1996, has been transformed into two distinct 
licences: an individual electronic communications network service (‘I-ECNS’) licence 
and an individual electronic communications service (‘I-ECS’) licence. 

All formerly value added network services providers have been issued with I-ECS and 
I-ECNS licences similar to those issued to existing operators. The NRA gazetted a 
further document setting out a process through which it will determine Standard 
Terms  and  Conditions  Regulations,  licence  fees,  spectrum  fees  and  universal 
service obligations.

Other Africa and Central Europe
Romania
In September 2008, the Government issued a sixth mobile licence. Mobile number 
portability was implemented in October 2008. 

Turkey
The Government undertook an auction of four 2.1 GHz licences in November 2008. 
Each of the three existing operators obtained licences. Concession agreements 
were  awarded  to  the  successful  bidders  in  April  2009.  The  fourth  licence  was 
not awarded. 

The NRA adopted rules in April 2009, which require Turkcell to ensure that on-net 
tariffs do not fall below a level determined by reference to the prevailing mobile 
termination rate. Mobile number portability was implemented in November 2008.

Ghana
In November 2008, the NRA ruled on interconnection charges, setting a migration 
path to a single rate for termination on all fixed and mobile networks by 2010. In 
December 2008, the NRA awarded Ghana Telecommunications one of five national 
3G licences. The licences have been issued as provisional authorisations, pending 
conversion to formal licences once the NRA board has been reconvened by the new 
Government, which came into power in January 2009.

Asia Pacific and Middle East
India
The NRA announced the elimination of access deficit charges payable by private 
service  providers  to  BSNL,  effective  1  April  2008.  The  TRAI  announced  a  new 
interconnection usage charge regime effective 1 April 2009 whereby, the termination 
rate for all types of domestic calls were reduced to 20 paise per minute. Vodafone 
Essar and a number of operators and industry bodies have appealed this decision to 
the  Telecom  Dispute  Settlement  and  Appellate  Tribunal.  The  TRAI  released 
recommendations enabling the introduction of mobile virtual network operators in 
the Indian telecommunications network. The Department of Telecommunications is 
reviewing these regulations. The anticipated auctions of 3G and broadband wireless 
access spectrum were deferred by the Department of Telecommunications. In 
February 2009, the Department of Telecommunications initiated a tender process 
for the introduction of mobile number portability services.

Other Asia Pacific and Middle East
Australia
The Australian NRA has determined that it considers a rate of nine cents to be 
appropriate for mobile call termination during the period until 30 December 2011, in 
the  event  that  individual  parties  are  unable  to  agree  terms.  The  Australian 
Government has announced that it intends to underwrite the roll out of a national 
broadband network, which will provide wholesale fibre access to third parties. The 
Government  is  also  undertaking  a  comprehensive  review  of  the  regulatory 
framework, including consideration of the existing arrangements for the regulation 
of  services  such  as  call  termination,  universal  service  arrangements  (to  which 
Vodafone currently contributes) and consumer measures.

136    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
Additional information

Licences
The table below summarises the most significant mobile licences held by the Group’s 
operating subsidiaries and the Group’s joint ventures in Italy and Vodacom in South 
Africa at 31 March 2009. 

Egypt
Vodafone Egypt and Mobinil provide Etisalat with national roaming services under 
terms  agreed  in  conjunction  with  the  Egyptian  Government.  Mobile  number 
portability between Vodafone Egypt, Mobinil and Etisalat was introduced in April 
2008. Proposals for the award of a second fixed licence during 2008 were withdrawn 
by the Government.

Vodafone Egypt will be required to pay 0.5% of its revenue into a universal service 
fund from April 2009. The NTRA has issued a request for information for the provision 
and operation of basic telecommunications services to unserved, low income areas 
in five regions as a preliminary step towards a universal service tender.

New Zealand
The New Zealand NRA has initiated an investigation into mobile and SMS termination 
rates and proposes an immediate reduction from 15.00 cents to 7.00 cents for voice 
and 9.50 cents to 1.00 cent for SMS. Vodafone has submitted alternative undertakings 
and the NRA will consult further before making final recommendations to the 
Minister by the end of 2009. The New Zealand Government has invited comments 
upon and expressions of interest in a proposal to establish local fibre companies to 
construct and wholesale broadband fibre facilities. Vodafone has expressed an 
interest in participating.

Qatar
In  September  2008,  Vodafone  and  the  Qatar  Foundation  Consortium  were 
announced by ictQATAR as the winning applicant of the second fixed network and 
services licence. In February 2009, the regulator, ictQATAR, extended the date of 
Vodafone Qatar’s mobile licence coverage requirement of 98% population coverage 
from 1 March 2009 to 1 September 2009 and imposed a voice and SMS commercial 
service launch requirement by 1 July 2009. 

Mobile licences
Country by region 
Europe
Germany 
Italy  
Spain 
UK 
Albania 
Greece 
Ireland 
Malta(5) 
Netherlands 
Portugal  

Africa and Central Europe
Vodacom: South Africa 
Romania 
Turkey(7) 
Czech Republic 
Ghana 
Hungary 

Asia Pacific and Middle East
India(11) 

In accordance with its mobile licence requirement, Vodafone Qatar completed a 
public offering of 40% of its shareholding on the Doha Securities Market for Qatari 
nationals and approved Qatari institutions on 10 May 2009.

Egypt 
Australia 
New Zealand 
Qatar(14) 

2G licence expiry date 

3G licence expiry date

December 2016 
February 2015 

July 2023(1) 
See note 2 
June 2016 
August 2016(3) 
May 2011(4) 

September 2010 
March 2013 
October 2021 

December 2020
December 2021
April 2020
December 2021
None issued
August 2021
October 2022
August 2020
December 2016
January 2016

Annual(6) 

Annual(6)

December 2011 
April 2023 
January 2021 
December 2019 

July 2014(9) 

March 2020
April 2029
February 2025
December 2023(8)
December 2019(10)

November 2014 –  
December 2026
January 2022 
See note 12 
See note 13 
June 2028 

None issued 

January 2022
October 2017

March 2021(13)
June 2028

Notes:
(1) 

(2) 
(3) 

(4) 

(5) 
(6) 

(7) 

(8) 

 Date relates to 1800 MHz spectrum licence. Spain also has a separate 900 MHz spectrum 
licence, which expires in February 2020.
 Indefinite licence with a one year notice of revocation.
 The licence granted in 1992 (900 MHz spectrum) will expire in September 2012. The licence 
granted in 2001 (900 and 1800 MHz spectrum) will expire in August 2016.
 Date refers to 900 MHz licence. Ireland also has a separate 1800 MHz spectrum licence which 
expires in December 2015.
 Malta also holds a WiMAX licence, granted in October 2005, which expires in October 2020.
 Vodacom’s spectrum licences are renewed annually. As part of the migration to a new licensing 
regime, the NRA has issued Vodacom a service licence and a network licence, which will permit 
Vodacom to offer mobile and fixed services. The service and network licences have a 20 year 
duration and will expire in 2028.
 Turkey successfully bid to acquire a 3G licence in November 2008. The concession agreement 
was signed in April 2009 and the licence will have a 20 year life from that date.
 The NRA has issued provisional licences with the intention of converting these to full licences 
once the NRA board has been reconvened. 
 There is an option to extend this licence for seven years. 

(9) 
(10)  There is an option to extend this licence.
(11)   India is comprised of 23 service areas with a variety of expiry dates. There is an option to extend 

these licences by ten years.

(12)  Australia holds a 900 MHz spectrum licence. This is a rolling five year licence, which expires in 
June 2012. Vodafone Australia also holds two 1800 MHz spectrum licences. One of these 
licences expires in June 2013 and the other in March 2015. All licences can be used for 2G and 
3G at Vodafone’s discretion.

(13)  New Zealand owns two 900 MHz licences, which expire in November 2011 and in June 2012. 
These licences are expected to be renewed until November 2031. Additionally, Vodafone New 
Zealand owns a 1800 MHz spectrum licence and a 2100 MHz licence, which expire in March 
2021. All licences can be used for 2G and 3G at Vodafone’s discretion. 

(14)  In December 2007, a consortium including Vodafone was named as the successful applicant in 
the auction for a mobile licence in Qatar, with the licence awarded in June 2008. Services were 
launched under the Vodafone brand on 1 March 2009.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    137

 
  
Non-GAAP information

EBITDA
EBITDA is operating profit excluding share in results of associates, depreciation and amortisation, gains/losses on the disposal of fixed assets, impairment losses and other 
operating income and expense. The Group uses EBITDA, in conjunction with other GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures such as adjusted operating profit, operating 
profit and net profit, to assess its operating performance. The Group believes that EBITDA is an operating performance measure, not a liquidity measure, as it includes non-
cash changes in working capital and is reviewed by the Group Chief Executive to assess internal performance in conjunction with EBITDA margin, which is an alternative 
sales margin figure. The Group believes that it is both useful and necessary to report EBITDA as a performance measure as it enhances the comparability of profit 
across segments.

Because EBITDA does not take into account certain items that affect operations and performance, EBITDA has inherent limitations as a performance measure. To compensate 
for these limitations, the Group analyses EBITDA in conjunction with other GAAP and non-GAAP operating performance measures. EBITDA should not be considered in 
isolation or as a substitute for a GAAP measure of operating performance.

A reconciliation of EBITDA to the respective closest equivalent GAAP measure, operating profit/(loss), is provided in “Operating results” beginning on page 25.

Group adjusted operating profit and adjusted earnings per share
Group adjusted operating profit excludes non-operating income of associates, impairment losses and other income and expense. Adjusted earnings per share also excludes 
changes in fair value of equity put rights and similar arrangements and certain foreign exchange differences, together with related tax effects. The Group believes that it is both 
useful and necessary to report these measures for the following reasons: 

•	
•	
•	

these measures are used by the Group for internal performance analysis; 
these measures are used in setting director and management remuneration; and
they are useful in connection with discussion with the investment analyst community and debt rating agencies.

Reconciliation of adjusted operating profit and adjusted earnings per share to the respective closest equivalent GAAP measure, operating profit/(loss) and basic earnings/
(loss) per share, is provided in “Operating results” beginning on page 25.

Cash flow measures
In presenting and discussing the Group’s reported results, free cash flow and operating free cash flow are calculated and presented even though these measures are not 
recognised within International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’). The Group believes that it is both useful and necessary to communicate free cash flow to investors 
and other interested parties, for the following reasons: 

•	

•	

•	
•	

free cash flow allows the Company and external parties to evaluate the Group’s liquidity and the cash generated by the Group’s operations. Free cash flow does not include 
items determined independently of the ongoing business, such as the level of dividends, and items which are deemed discretionary, such as cash flows relating to 
acquisitions and disposals or financing activities. In addition, it does not necessarily reflect the amounts which the Group has an obligation to incur. However, it does 
reflect the cash available for such discretionary activities, to strengthen the consolidated balance sheet or to provide returns to shareholders in the form of dividends or 
share purchases;
free cash flow facilitates comparability of results with other companies, although the Group’s measure of free cash flow may not be directly comparable to similarly titled 
measures used by other companies;
these measures are used by management for planning, reporting and incentive purposes; and
these measures are useful in connection with discussion with the investment analyst community and debt rating agencies.

A reconciliation of net cash inflow from operating activities, the closest equivalent GAAP measure, to operating free cash flow and free cash flow, is provided in “Financial 
position and resources” on page 41.

Other
Certain of the statements within the section titled “Chief Executive’s review” on pages 6 to 7 contain forward-looking non-GAAP financial information for which at this time 
there is no comparable GAAP measure and which at this time cannot be quantitatively reconciled to comparable GAAP financial information.

Certain of the statements within the section titled “Outlook” on page 37 contain forward-looking non-GAAP financial information which at this time cannot be quantitatively 
reconciled to comparable GAAP financial information.

Organic growth
The Group believes that “organic growth”, which is not intended to be a substitute, or superior to, reported growth, provides useful and necessary information to investors 
and other interested parties for the following reasons: 

•	
•	
•	

it provides additional information on underlying growth of the business without the effect of factors unrelated to the operating performance of the business;
it is used by the Group for internal performance analysis; and
it facilitates comparability of underlying growth with other companies, although the term “organic” is not a defined term under IFRS and may not, therefore,  
be comparable with similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

138    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Reconciliation of organic growth to reported growth is shown where used, or in the table below:

31 March 2009
Group
Data revenue 
Service revenue 
Pro forma revenue 
Pro forma EBITDA 
Europe
Service revenue for the quarter ended 31 March 2009 
Spain – service revenue for the quarter ended 31 March 2009 
Other Europe – service revenue for the quarter ended 31 March 2009 

Asia Pacific and Middle East
Pro forma revenue 
Pro forma EBITDA 
India – pro forma revenue 
India – pro forma EBITDA 
Australia – service revenue 
Australia – EBITDA 

Verizon Wireless
Service revenue 
Revenue 
EBITDA 
Group’s share of result of Verizon Wireless 

31 March 2008
Group
Data revenue 
Service revenue 
Adjusted operating profit 

Europe
Italy – direct costs 
Italy – customer costs 
Italy – operating expenses 
Spain – service revenue for the six months ended 31 March 2008 
Spain – direct costs 
Spain – customer costs 
Spain – operating expenses 
Other Europe – data revenue 

Africa and Central Europe
Voice revenue 
Messaging revenue 
Data revenue 

Additional information

Organic 
growth 
% 

M&A 
activity 
pps 

Foreign 
exchange 
pps 

Reported 
growth 
%

25.9 
(0.3) 
1 
(3) 

(3.3) 
(8.6) 
(5.0) 

19 
6 
33 
5 
6.1 
(17.6) 

10.5 
10.4 
13.0 
21.6 

39.0 
4.3 
5.7 

(0.3) 
13.7 
(19.7) 
5.8 
5.6 
4.5 
0.4 
41.3 

0.7 
3.1 
2 
– 

0.1 
– 
(0.3) 

3 
2 
9 
9 
0.7 
(4.6) 

5.3 
5.2 
4.3 
(0.7) 

6.7 
6.7 
(0.8) 

6.2 
2.3 
7.4 
3.1 
3.6 
0.9 
5.1 
– 

12.0 
6.4 
105.4 

6.7 
4.1 
(12.3) 

17.1 
13.1 
13 
13 

15.7 
18.1 
18.8 

10 
10 
6 
4 
6.4 
4.1 

23.3 
23.3 
23.7 
23.8 

5.1 
3.4 
0.8 

4.4 
4.9 
3.8 
10.1 
4.4 
4.5 
4.3 
5.4 

1.2 
5.5 
4.5 

43.7
15.9
16
10

12.5
9.5
13.5

32
18
48
18
13.2
(18.1)

39.1
38.9
41.0
44.7

50.8
14.4
5.7

10.3
20.9
(8.5)
19.0
13.6
9.9
9.8
46.7

19.9
16.0
97.6

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    139

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Form 20-F cross reference guide

The information in this document that is referenced in the following table is included in the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F for 2009 filed with the SEC (the ‘2009 
Form 20-F’). The information in this document may be updated or supplemented at the time of filing with the SEC or later amended if necessary. No other information in this 
document is included in the 2009 Form 20-F or incorporated by reference into any filings by the Company under the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Please see 
“Documents on display” on page 131 for information on how to access the 2009 Form 20-F as filed with the SEC. The 2009 Form 20-F has not been approved or disapproved 
by the SEC nor has the SEC passed judgement upon the adequacy or accuracy of the 2009 Form 20-F.

Location in this document 

Page

Not applicable 
Not applicable 

Selected financial data 
Shareholder information – Inflation and foreign currency translation 
Not applicable 
Not applicable  
Principal risk factors and uncertainties 

History and development 
Contact details 
Group at a glance 
Business overview 
Customers, marketing and distribution 
Operating results 
Operating environment and strategy 
Note 12 “Principal subsidiary undertakings” 
Note 13 “Investments in joint ventures” 
Note 14 “Investments in associated undertakings” 
Note 15 “Other investments” 
Technology and resources 
Financial position and resources  
Corporate responsibility  
None 

Operating results 
Note 25 “Borrowings” 
Shareholder information – Inflation and foreign currency translation 
Regulation 
Financial position and resources – Liquidity and capital resources 
Note 24 “Capital and financial risk management”  
Note 25 “Borrowings” 
Technology and resources 

Operating environment and strategy 
Financial position and resources – Off-balance sheet arrangements 
Note 32 “Commitments” 
Note 33 “Contingent liabilities” 
Financial position and resources – Contractual obligations 
Forward-looking statements 

Board of directors and Group management  
Directors’ remuneration 
Corporate governance 
Directors’ remuneration 
Board of directors and Group management 
People 
Note 36 “Employees” 
Directors’ remuneration  
Note 20 “Share-based payments” 

Shareholder information – Major shareholders 
Directors’ remuneration 
Note 33 “Contingent liabilities”  
Note 35 “Related party transactions” 
Not applicable 

–
–

144
129
–
–  
38

134
IBC
10
12 
20
25 
8
94
95
96
96
14
40
45
–

25
104
129
135
41 
102
104
14 

8
44 
114
114
40
142

48
57
51
57
48
18 
117
57
99

129
57
114
116
–

Item 
1 

2 
3 

4 

Form 20-F caption 
Identity of directors, senior management  
and advisers 
Offer statistics and expected timetable 
Key information
3A Selected financial data 

3B Capitalisation and indebtedness 
3C Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds 
3D Risk factors 
Information on the Company
4A History and development of the company 

4B Business overview 

4C Organisational structure  

4D Property, plant and equipment 

4A 
5 

Unresolved staff comments 
Operating and financial review and prospects
5A Operating results 

5B Liquidity and capital resources 

5C  Research and development, patents.  

and licences, etc
5D Trend information 
5E Off-balance sheet arrangements 

6 

7 

5F Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations 
5G Safe harbor 
Directors, senior management and employees 
6A Directors and senior management 
6B Compensation 
6C Board practices 

6D Employees 

6E Share ownership 

Major shareholders and related party transactions
7A Major shareholders 
7B Related party transactions 

7C Interests of experts and counsel 

140    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Additional information

Location in this document 

Page

Item 
8 

Form 20-F caption 
Financial information
8A Consolidated statements and other financial  

information 

8B Significant changes 
The offer and listing
9A Offer and listing details 
9B Plan of distribution 
9C Markets 
9D Selling shareholders 
9E Dilution 
9F Expenses of the issue 
Additional information
10A Share capital 
10B Memorandum and articles of association 

10C Material contracts 
10D Exchange controls 
10E Taxation 
10F Dividends and paying agents 
10G Statement by experts 
10H Documents on display 
10I Subsidiary information 
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures  
about market risk 
Description of securities other than equity securities  Not applicable 
Defaults, dividend arrearages and delinquencies 
Not applicable 
Material modifications to the rights of security 
holders and use of proceeds 
Controls and procedures 

Financials(1) 
Audit report on the consolidated financial statements 
Note 33 “Contingent liabilities” 
Financial position and resources  
Note 37 “Subsequent events”  

Shareholder information – Share price history 
Not applicable 
Shareholder information – Markets 
Not applicable 
Not applicable 
Not applicable 

Not applicable 
Shareholder information – Memorandum and articles of 
association and applicable English law 
Shareholder information – Material contracts 
Shareholder information – Exchange controls 
Shareholder information – Taxation 
Not applicable 
Not applicable 
Shareholder information – Documents on display 
Not applicable 
Note 24 “Capital and financial risk management” 

Shareholder information – Debt securities 
Corporate governance  
Directors’ statement of responsibility – Management’s
report on internal control over financial reporting 
Audit report on internal controls 
Corporate governance – Board committees 
Corporate governance  
Note 4 “Operating profit/(loss)” 
Corporate governance – Auditors 
Not applicable 

16A Audit Committee financial expert 
16B Code of ethics 
16C Principal accountant fees and services 

16D  Exemptions from the listing standards for  

audit committees 

16E Purchase of equity securities by the issuer  

Financial position and resources 

and affiliated purchasers

16F Change in registrant’s certifying accountant 
16G Corporate governance 
Financial statements 
Financial statements 
Exhibits 

Not applicable 
Corporate governance – US listing requirements 
Not applicable 
Financials(1) 
Filed with the SEC 

9 

10 

11 

12 
13 
14 

15 

16 

17 
18 
19 

68
73
114
40
117

128
–
129
–
–
–

–

129
131
132
132
–
–
131
–
102 

–
–

131
51

69
70
53
51
84
55
–

42 

– 
55
–
68
–

Note:
(1)  The Company financial statements, and the audit report and notes relating thereto, on pages 120 to 126 should not be considered to form part of the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    141

 
 
 
•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

loss of suppliers, disruption of supply chains and greater than anticipated prices of 
new mobile handsets;
changes in the costs to the Group of, or the rates the Group may charge for, 
terminations and roaming minutes;
the Group’s ability to realise expected benefits from acquisitions, partnerships, 
joint ventures, franchises, brand licences or other arrangements with third parties, 
particularly those related to the development of data and internet services;
acquisitions and divestments of Group businesses and assets and the pursuit of 
new, unexpected strategic opportunities which may have a negative impact on 
the Group’s financial condition and results of operations;
the Group’s ability to integrate acquired business or assets and the imposition of 
any unfavourable conditions, regulatory or otherwise, on any pending or future 
acquisitions or dispositions; 
the extent of any future write-downs or impairment charges on the Group’s assets, 
or restructuring charges incurred as a result of an acquisition or disposition;
developments in the Group’s financial condition, earnings and distributable funds 
and other factors that the Board of Directors takes into account in determining the 
level of dividends;
the Group’s ability to satisfy working capital requirements through borrowing in 
capital markets, bank facilities and operations;
changes in exchange rates, including particularly the exchange rate of pounds 
sterling to the euro and the US dollar;
changes in the regulatory framework in which the Group operates, including the 
commencement of legal or regulatory action seeking to regulate the Group’s 
permitted charging rates;
the impact of legal or other proceedings against the Group or other companies in 
the communications industry; and
changes in statutory tax rates and profit mix, the Group’s ability to resolve open tax 
issues and the timing and amount of any payments in respect of tax liabilities.

Furthermore, a review of the reasons why actual results and developments may differ 
materially  from  the  expectations  disclosed  or  implied  within  forward-looking 
statements can be found under “Principal risk factors and uncertainties” on pages 38 
and 39 of this document. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements 
attributable to the Company or any member of the Group or any persons acting on 
their behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the factors referred to above. 
No assurances can be given that the forward-looking statements in this document 
will be realised. Subject to compliance with applicable law and regulations, Vodafone 
does not intend to update these forward-looking statements and does not undertake 
any obligation to do so.

Forward-looking statements

This document contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the 
US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to the Group’s 
financial condition, results of operations and businesses and certain of the Group’s 
plans and objectives.

In particular, such forward-looking statements include statements with respect to:

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

the Group’s expectations regarding its financial and operating performance, 
including statements contained within the Chief Executive’s review on pages 6 and 
7 and the Outlook statement on page 37 of this document, and the performance 
of joint ventures, associated undertakings, including Verizon Wireless, other 
investments and newly acquired businesses;
intentions and expectations regarding the development of products, services and 
initiatives introduced by, or together with, Vodafone or by third parties, including 
new mobile technologies, such as the introduction of 4G;
expectations  regarding  the  global  economy  and  the  Group’s  operating 
environment, including future market conditions and trends;
revenue and growth expected from the Group’s total communications strategy 
and its expectations with respect to long term shareholder value growth;
mobile penetration and coverage rates, the Group’s ability to acquire spectrum, 
expected growth prospects in Europe, Africa and Central Europe, Asia Pacific and 
Middle East regions and growth in customers and usage generally;
expected benefits associated with the merger of Vodafone Australia and Hutchison 
3G Australia;
anticipated benefits to the Group from cost efficiency programmes, including the 
£1 billion cost reduction programme and the outsourcing of IT functions and 
network sharing agreements;
possible  future  acquisitions,  including  increases  in  ownership  in  existing 
investments, the timely completion of pending acquisition transactions and 
pending offers for investments, including licence acquisitions, and the expected 
funding required to complete such acquisitions or investments;
expectations regarding the Group’s future operating profit, EBITDA margin, free 
cash flow, capital intensity and capital expenditure;
expectations regarding the Group’s access to adequate funding for its working 
capital requirements and the rate of dividend growth by the Group or its existing 
investments; and
the  impact  of  regulatory  and  legal  proceedings  involving  Vodafone  and  of 
scheduled or potential regulatory changes.

Forward-looking statements are sometimes, but not always, identified by their use 
of a date in the future or such words as “anticipates”, “aims”, “could”, “may”, “should”, 
“expects”, “believes”, “intends”, “plans” or “targets”. By their nature, forward-looking 
statements are inherently predictive, speculative and involve risk and uncertainty 
because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in the 
future.  There  are  a  number  of  factors  that  could  cause  actual  results  and 
developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-
looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following: 

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

general economic and political conditions in the jurisdictions in which the Group 
operates and changes to the associated legal, regulatory and tax environments;
increased competition, from both existing competitors and new market entrants, 
including mobile virtual network operators;
levels of investment in network capacity and the Group’s ability to deploy new 
technologies, products and services in a timely manner, particularly data content 
and services;
rapid changes to existing products and services and the inability of new products 
and services to perform in accordance with expectations, including as a result of 
third party or vendor marketing efforts;
the ability of the Group to integrate new technologies, products and services with 
existing networks, technologies, products and services;
the Group’s ability to generate and grow revenue from both voice and non-voice 
services and achieve expected cost savings;
a lower than expected impact of new or existing products, services or technologies 
on the Group’s future revenue, cost structure and capital expenditure outlays;
slower than expected customer growth, reduced customer retention, reductions 
or changes in customer spending and increased pricing pressure;
the Group’s ability to expand its spectrum position, win 3G allocations and realise 
expected synergies and benefits associated with 3G; 
the Group’s ability to secure the timely delivery of high quality, reliable handsets, 
network equipment and other key products from suppliers;

142    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

Definition of terms

Additional information

3G broadband 

 3G services enabled with high speed downlink packet access (‘HSDPA’) technology which enables data transmission at speeds of up to 
7.2 megabits per second.

3G device 

A handset or device capable of accessing 3G data services.

Acquired intangibles  
amortisation 

Amortisation relating to intangible assets identified and recognised separately in respect of a business combination in excess of the  
intangible assets recognised by the acquiree prior to acquisition.

Acquisition costs 

The total of connection fees, trade commissions and equipment costs relating to new customer connections.

ARPU 

 Service revenue excluding fixed line revenue, fixed advertising revenue, revenue related to business managed services and revenue 
from certain tower sharing arrangements dividend by average customers.

Capitalised expenditure 

This measure includes the aggregate of capitalised property, plant and equipment additions and capitalised software costs. 

Change at constant  
exchange rates 

Growth or change calculated by restating the prior period’s results as if they had been generated at the current period’s exchange  
rates. Also referred to as “constant exchange rates”.

Churn 

Total gross customer disconnections in the period divided by the average total customers in the period.

Contribution margin 

The contribution margin is stated after direct costs, acquisition and retention costs and ongoing commissions.

Controlled and jointly controlled    Controlled and jointly controlled measures include 100% for the Group’s mobile operating subsidiaries and the Group’s proportionate 

share for joint ventures. 

Customer delight 

Depreciation and  
other amortisation

DSL 

 The Group uses a proprietary ‘customer delight’ system to track customer satisfaction across its controlled markets and jointly controlled 
market in Italy. Customer delight is measured by an index based on the results of surveys performed by an external research company 
which cover all aspects of service provided by Vodafone and incorporates the results of the relative satisfaction of the competitors’ 
customers. An overall index for the Group is calculated by weighting the results for each of the Group’s operations based on 
service revenue.

This measure includes the profit or loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and computer software. 

A digital subscriber line which is a fixed line enabling data to be transmitted at high speeds.

Fixed broadband customer 

A fixed broadband customer is defined as a physical connection or access point to a fixed line network.

Handheld business device 

A wireless connection device which allows access to business applications and push and pull email.

HSDPA 

HSUPA 

Interconnect costs 

Mobile customer 

 High speed downlink packet access is a wireless technology enabling network to mobile data transmission speeds of up to 7.2 megabits 
per second.

 High speed uplink packet access is a wireless technology enabling mobile to network data transmission speeds of up to 2.0 megabits 
per second.

 A charge paid by Vodafone to other fixed line or mobile operators when a Vodafone customer calls a customer connected to a 
different network.

 A mobile customer is defined as a subscriber identity module (‘SIM’), or in territories where SIMs do not exist, a unique mobile telephone 
number, which has access to the network for any purpose, including data only usage, except telemetric applications. Telemetric 
applications include, but are not limited to, asset and equipment tracking, mobile payment and billing functionality, e.g. vending 
machines and meter readings, and include voice enabled customers whose usage is limited to a central service operation, e.g. emergency 
response applications in vehicles. 

Mobile PC connectivity 
device 

A connection device which provides access to 3G services to users with an active PC or laptop connection. This includes Vodafone 
Mobile Broadband data cards, Vodafone Mobile Connect 3G/GPRS data cards and Vodafone Mobile Broadband USB modems.

Net debt 

Organic growth  

Partner markets 

Penetration 

 Long term borrowings, short term borrowings and mark-to-market adjustments on financing instruments less cash and cash equivalents.

 The percentage movements in organic growth are presented to reflect operating performance on a comparable basis, both in terms of 
percentage of entity ownership and exchange rate movements. 

 Markets in which the Group has entered into a partner agreement with a local mobile operator enabling a range of Vodafone’s global 
products and services to be marketed in that operator’s territory and extending Vodafone’s brand reach into such new markets.

 Number of customers in a country as a percentage of the country’s population. Penetration can be in excess of 100% due to customers’ 
owning more than one SIM.

Pro forma growth 

Pro forma growth is organic growth adjusted to include acquired business for the whole of both periods.

Proportionate mobile  
customers  

The proportionate customer number represents the number of mobile customers in ventures which the Group either controls or in 
which it invests, based on the Group’s ownership in such ventures.

Purchased licence amortisation   Amortisation relating to capitalised licence and spectrum fees purchased directly by the Group or existing on recognition through 
business combination accounting, and such fees recognised by an acquiree prior to acquisition.

Retention costs 

Service revenue 

Termination rate 

The total of trade commissions, loyalty scheme and equipment costs relating to customer retention and upgrade. 

 Service revenue comprises all revenue related to the provision of ongoing services including, but not limited to, monthly access 
charges, airtime usage, roaming, incoming and outgoing network usage by non-Vodafone customers and interconnect charges for 
incoming calls.

 A per minute charge paid by a telecommunications network operator when a customer makes a call to another mobile or fixed line 
network operator. 

Total communications revenue 

 Comprises all fixed location services revenue, data revenue, fixed line revenue and other service revenue.

Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009    143

Selected financial data

At/year ended 31 March 
Consolidated income statement data
Revenue 
Operating profit/(loss) 
Profit/(loss) before taxation 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year from continuing operations 
Profit/(loss) for the financial year 

Consolidated balance sheet data
Total assets 
Total equity 
Total equity shareholders’ funds 

Earnings per share(1)
Weighted average number of shares (millions)
– Basic  
– Diluted 

Basic earnings/(loss) per ordinary share
– Profit/(loss) from continuing operations 
– Profit/(loss) for the financial year 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per ordinary share
– Profit/(loss) from continuing operations 
– Profit/(loss) for the financial year 

Cash dividends(1)(2)
Amount per ordinary share (pence) 
Amount per ADS (pence) 

Amount per ordinary share (US cents) 
Amount per ADS (US cents) 

Other data
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(3) 
Deficit 

2009 
£m 

2008 
£m 

Restated 
2007 
£m 

Restated 
2006 
£m  

Restated 
2005 
£m

41,017 
5,857 
4,189 
3,080 
3,080 

35,478 
10,047 
9,001 
6,756 
6,756 

31,104 
(1,564) 
(2,383) 
(4,806) 
(5,222) 

29,350 
(14,084) 
(14,853) 
(17,233) 
(20,131) 

26,678
7,878
7,285
5,416
6,598

152,699 
84,777 
86,162 

127,270 
76,471 
78,043 

109,617 
67,293 
67,067 

126,502 
85,312 
85,425 

145,218
111,958
112,110

52,737 
52,969 

53,019 
53,287 

55,144 
55,144 

62,607 
62,607 

66,196
66,427

5.84p 
5.84p 

5.81p 
5.81p 

12.56p 
12.56p 

12.50p 
12.50p 

(8.94)p 
(9.70)p 

(27.66)p 
(32.31)p 

(8.94)p 
(9.70)p 

(27.66)p 
(32.31)p 

7.77p 
77.7p 

7.51p 
75.1p 

6.76p 
67.6p 

6.07p 
60.7p 

11.11c 
111.1c 

14.91c 
149.1c 

13.28c 
132.8c 

10.56c 
105.6c 

8.12p
9.80p

8.09p
9.77p

4.07p
40.7p

7.68c
76.8c

1.2 
– 

3.9 
– 

– 
(4,389) 

– 
(16,520) 

7.0
–

Notes: 
(1)   See note 8 to the consolidated financial statements, “Earnings/(loss) per share”. Earnings and dividends per ADS is calculated by multiplying earnings per ordinary share by ten, the number of ordinary 

shares per ADS. Dividend per ADS is calculated on the same basis.

(2)  The final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2009 was proposed by the directors on 19 May 2009 and is payable on 7 August 2009 to holders of record as of 5 June 2009. This dividend has been 

translated into US dollars at 31 March 2009 for ADS holders but will be payable in US dollars under the terms of the ADS depositary agreement.

(3)   For the purposes of calculating these ratios, earnings consist of profit before tax adjusted for fixed charges, dividend income from associated undertakings, share of profits and losses from associated 
undertakings and profits and losses on ordinary activities before taxation from discontinued operations. Fixed charges comprise one third of payments under operating leases, representing the 
estimated interest element of these payments, interest payable and similar charges and preferred share dividends.

144    Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2009

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
This constitutes the annual report of Vodafone Group Plc (the ‘Company’) for the year 
ended  31  March  2009  and  is  dated  19  May  2009.  The  content  of  the  Group’s  website  
(www.vodafone.com) should not be considered to form part of this annual report or the 
Company’s annual report on Form 20-F. 

In the discussion of the Group’s reported financial position, operating results and cash flow 
for  the  year  ended  31  March  2009,  information  is  presented  to  provide  readers  with 
additional financial information that is regularly reviewed by management. However, this 
additional information presented is not uniformly defined by all companies, including 
those in the Group’s industry. Accordingly, it may not be comparable with similarly titled 
measures and disclosures by other companies. Additionally, certain information presented 
is derived from amounts calculated in accordance with IFRS but is not itself an expressly 
permitted GAAP measure. Such non-GAAP measures should not be viewed in isolation or as 
an alternative to the equivalent GAAP measure. For further information see “Non-GAAP 
information” on pages 138 to 139 and “Definition of terms” on page 143.

The terms “Vodafone”, the “Group”, “we”, “our” and “us” refer to the Company and, as applicable, 
its subsidiary undertakings and/or its interests in joint ventures and associated undertakings.

This document contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the US Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to the Group’s financial condition, 
results of operations and business management and strategy, plans and objectives for the 
Group.  For  further  details,  please  see  “Forward-looking  statements”  on  page  142  and 
“Principal risk factors and uncertainties” on pages 38 and 39 for a discussion of the risks 
associated with these statements.

Vodafone,  the  Vodafone  logo,  Vodafone  live!,  Vodafone  Mobile  Broadband,  Vodafone 
Office, Vodafone Wireless Office, Vodafone Passport, Vodafone Speak, Vodafone Email 
Plus, Vodafone M-PESA, Vodafone Money Transfer, Vodafone Station and Vodacom are 
trade marks of the Vodafone Group. The RIM® and BlackBerry® families of trade marks, 
images and symbols are the exclusive properties and trade marks of Research in Motion 
Limited, used by permission. RIM and BlackBerry are registered with the US Patent and 
Trademark Office and may be pending or registered in other countries. Windows Mobile is 
either a registered trade mark or trade mark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States 
and/or other countries. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the 
trade marks of their respective owners.

Copyright © Vodafone Group 2009

Contact details

Investor Relations
Telephone: +44 (0) 1635 664447

Media Relations
Telephone: +44 (0) 1635 664444

Corporate Responsibility 
Fax: +44 (0) 1635 674478
E-mail: responsibility@vodafone.com
Website: www.vodafone.com/responsibility

This report has been printed on Revive 75 Special Silk paper. The composition of the paper is 
50% de-inked post consumer waste, 25% pre-consumer waste and 25% virgin wood fibre. It has 
been certified according to the rules of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). It is manufactured 
at a mill that has been awarded the ISO14001 certificate for environmental management. The 
mill uses pulps that are elemental chlorine free (ECF) and totally chlorine free (TCF) process 
and the inks used are all vegetable oil based.

Printed at St Ives Westerham Press Ltd, ISO14001, FSC certified and CarbonNeutral®.

Designed and produced by Addison, www.addison.co.uk

   
Vodafone Group Plc

Registered Office
Vodafone House
The Connection
Newbury
Berkshire 
RG14 2FN
England
Registered in England No. 1833679

Tel: +44 (0) 1635 33251
Fax: +44 (0) 1635 45713

www.vodafone.com

Vodafone Group Plc

Annual Report
For the year ended 31 March 2009

V
o
d
a
f
o
n
e
G
r
o
u
p
P
l
c

A
n
n
u
a
l

R
e
p
o
r
t

f
o
r

t
h
e
y
e
a
r
e
n
d
e
d
3
1
M
a
r
c
h
2
0
0
9