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Vornado Realty Trust

vno · NYSE Real Estate
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Sector Real Estate
Industry REIT - Office
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2022 Annual Report · Vornado Realty Trust
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2 0 2 2   A N N U A L   R E P O R T  

THE PENN DISTRICT - PENN 1 / PENN 2 

This Annual Report is printed on recycled paper and is recyclable. 

 
 
T H I S   P A G E   I N T E N T I O N A L L Y   L E F T   B L A N K

 
 
V O R N A D O   C O M P A N Y   P R O F I L E  

Vornado Realty Trust is a fully-integrated real estate operating company. 

Our business is 86% New York-centric and 77% office-centric. We own all or portions of: 

  62 Manhattan properties consisting of: 

  19.9 million square feet of office space in 30 of the properties; 

  2.6 million square feet of street retail space in 56 of the properties; 

  1,664 residential units in six Manhattan properties; 

  Multiple future development sites, including 350 Park Avenue and the Hotel 

Pennsylvania; 

  THE PENN DISTRICT is our campus-like development currently consisting of 9 million 
square feet in over a dozen buildings and land sites surrounding New York’s Pennsylvania 
Station, the busiest transportation hub in North America; 

  A 32.4% interest in Alexander’s, Inc. (NYSE:ALX) which owns six properties in the 

New York metropolitan area, including 731 Lexington Avenue, the 1.1 million square foot 
Bloomberg L.P. headquarters building; 

  Signage throughout Times Square and THE PENN DISTRICT; 

  BMS, our wholly owned subsidiary, which provides cleaning and security services for our 

buildings and third parties, currently employing 2,622 associates; 

  The 3.7 million square foot MART in Chicago; and 

  A 70% controlling interest in 555 California Street, a three-building office complex in San 

Francisco’s financial district aggregating 1.8 million square feet. 

Vornado’s common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange and are traded 
under the symbol: VNO.

1 

 
 
T H I S   P A G E   I N T E N T I O N A L L Y   L E F T   B L A N K

2 

 
Financial Highlights 

As Reported 
Revenues 
Net income/(loss) 
Net income/(loss) per share - basic 

Net income/(loss) per share - diluted 
Total assets 
Total equity 
Net operating income 
Funds from operations 
Funds from operations per share 
% increase/(decrease) in funds from operations per share 

As Adjusted 
Net income 
Net income per share 
Funds from operations 
Funds from operations per share 
% increase in funds from operations per share 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year Ended December 31, 

2022 
1,799,995,000 

(408,615,000) 

(2.13) 

(2.13) 

16,493,375,000 

6,076,380,000 

1,162,048,000 

638,928,000 

3.30 

11.1% 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

2021 
1,589,210,000 
101,086,000 

0.53 

0.53 

17,266,588,000 

6,515,238,000 

1,033,368,000 

571,074,000 

2.97 

(24.4)% 

Year Ended December 31, 

2022 
126,468,000 
0.66 
608,892,000 
3.15 
10.1%     

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

2021 
88,153,000 
0.46 
549,863,000 
2.86 
9.2% 

These financial highlights and the letter to shareholders present certain non-GAAP measures, including net income (loss), net operating income (“NOI”), funds from operations 
(“FFO”), earnings before interests, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), all as adjusted, as well as NOI, FFO and EBITDA. We have provided reconciliations of these 
non-GAAP measures to the applicable GAAP measures in the appendix section of this letter to shareholders and in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Item 7 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which accompanies this letter or can be viewed at www.vno.com. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
To Our Shareholders 

Net Income/(Loss) attributable to common shares for the year ended December 31, 2022 was ($408.6) million, ($2.13) per diluted 
share, compared to $101.1 million, $0.53 per diluted share, for the previous year. 

Funds from Operations, as Adjusted (an apples-to-apples comparison of our continuing business, eliminating certain one-timers) for 
the year ended December 31, 2022 was $608.9 million, $3.15 per diluted share, compared to $549.9 million, $2.86 per diluted share, 
for the previous year, an increase of $0.29 per share. This increase is detailed on page 5. 

Funds from Operations, as Reported (apples-to-oranges including one-timers) for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $638.9 
million,  $3.30 per  diluted  share,  compared  to  $571.1  million,  $2.97  per  diluted  share,  for  the  previous  year.  See  page  5  for  a 
reconciliation of Funds from Operations, as Reported, to Funds from Operations, as Adjusted. 

Here are our financial results (presented in Net Operating Income format) by business unit: 

($ IN MILLIONS) 
New York: 
Office 
Retail 
Residential 
Alexander’s 
Hotel Pennsylvania 

Total New York 

THE MART 
555 California Street 

Other 

Total Net Operating Income 

Net Operating Income 

2022 
Same Store 
% Increase  

% of 2022  

 0.2  %  
 16.0  %  
 10.2  %  
 3.8  %  
N/A  
 3.5 %  

 64.2  %  
 2.7  %  
 7.1 %  

 62.8  %  
 18.0  %  
 1.7  %  
 3.3  %  
 —  %  
 85.8 %  

 8.5  %  
 5.7  %  
 100.0 %  

2022   

718.7   
205.7   
19.6   
37.5   
—   
981.5   

96.9   
65.7   
1,144.1   
17.9   
1,162.0   

2021   

677.2   
173.4   
17.8   
37.3   
(12.7)  
893.0   

58.9   
64.8   
1,016.7   
16.7   
1,033.4   

2020  

672.5  
147.3  
20.7  
35.9  
(42.5) 
833.9  

69.2  
60.3  
963.4  
9.2  
972.6  

Certain statements contained herein constitute forward-looking statements as such term is defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act 
of  1933,  as  amended,  and  Section  21E  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended. Forward-looking  statements  are  not 
guarantees of performance. They represent our intentions, plans, expectations and beliefs and are subject to numerous assumptions, 
risks and uncertainties. Our future results, financial condition and business may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-
looking statements. Many of the factors that will determine the outcome of these and our other forward-looking statements are beyond 
our ability to control or predict. Currently, some of the factors are the increase in interest rates and inflation and the continuing effect 
of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, operating performance and the effect 
that these factors have had and may continue to have on our tenants, the global, national, regional and local economies and financial 
markets and the real estate market in general. For further discussion of factors that could materially affect the outcome of our forward-
looking statements, see "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, a 
copy of which accompanies this letter or can be viewed at www.vno.com. For these statements, we claim the protection of the safe 
harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All subsequent written and 
oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the 
cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. We do not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions to 
our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this letter.

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following chart reconciles Funds from Operations, as Reported, to Funds from Operations, as Adjusted: 

($ IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE) 
Funds from Operations, as Reported 
Adjustments for certain items that impact FFO: 

After-tax gain on sale of 220 Central Park South units 
Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets 
Tax benefit from taxable REIT subsidiaries 
Defeasance cost - 1290 Avenue of the Americas refinancing 
Hotel Pennsylvania 
Deferred tax liability - Farley 
Series K preferred shares issuance costs 
Other, including noncontrolling interests’ share of above adjustments 

Total adjustments 
Funds from Operations, as Adjusted 
Funds from Operations, as Adjusted per share 

2022  
638.9   

(35.9)  
(17.4)  
—   
—   
—   
13.7   
—   
9.6   
(30.0)  
608.9   
3.15   

2021 
571.1  

(44.6) 
(0.6) 
(27.9) 
17.9  
12.3  
10.9  
9.0  
1.8  
(21.2) 
549.9  
2.86  

Funds from Operations, as Adjusted, increased in 2022 by $59.0 million, or $0.29 per share, a 10.1% increase. Here is the detail: 

($ IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE) 

Acquisitions/dispositions, net 
Variable businesses 
Farley and other tenant items 
Net interest expense 
Real estate tax expense - THE MART 
PENN 1 ground rent 
Other 
Increase in FFO, as Adjusted 

Increase/(Decrease) 
Amount  
7.2   
28.4   
67.7   
(59.2)  
30.0   
(21.3)  
6.2   
59.0   

Per Share 
0.03  
0.14  
0.33  
(0.28) 
0.14  
(0.10) 
0.03  
0.29  

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report Card 

Since I have run Vornado from 1980, total shareholder return has been 10% per annum, but subpar lately. Dividends have represented 
2.9 percentage points of Vornado’s annual return. 

Here is a table that shows Vornado’s total return to shareholders compared to our New York-centric peers and the Office REIT index 
for various periods ending December 31, 2022, and for 2023 year-to-date: 

2023 YTD 
One-year 
Five-year 
Ten-year 
Twenty-year 

Vornado  
 (25.0) %   
 (46.7) % 
 (64.7) % 
 (45.6) % 
 85.8 % 

NY  
REIT  
Peers  (1) 

 (20.5) % 
 (40.0) % 
 (57.1) % 
 — % 
 — % 

Office 
REIT 
Index 
 (15.9) % 
 (37.6) % 
 (30.3) % 
 10.7 % 
 160.9 % 

Recent returns have been negatively affected by COVID. Had we done this table as of December 31, 2019, pre-COVID, the numbers 
on the “twenty-year” line would have been, reading across, 569.9%, –%, and 468.9%. 

In last year’s letter and in a handful of prior years, we included a graph dramatizing the disconnect between our stock price and the value 
of our assets (NAV). Somehow it doesn’t seem all that relevant this year. 

Ten-Year Earnings Record 

As is our custom, we present the table below that traces our ten-year record, both in absolute dollars and per share amounts: 

($ AND SHARES 
IN MILLIONS, 
EXCEPT PER 
SHARE DATA) 
2022 

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

NOI(2) 

Amount 

% Change 

Amount 

FFO, As Adjusted 
% Change 

Per Share 

1,153.7  
1,033.4  
1,010.1  
1,168.5  
1,158.9  
1,158.6  
1,121.0  
1,085.3  
994.0  
940.3  

11.6%  
2.3%  
(13.6)%  
0.8%  
0.0%  
3.4%  
3.3%  
9.2%  
5.7%  
13.4%  

608.9  
549.9  
501.0  
660.5  
702.8  
701.0  
672.3  
629.7  
507.3  
468.0  

10.7% 
9.8% 
(24.1)% 
(6.0)% 
0.3% 
4.3% 
6.8% 
24.1% 
8.4% 
 30.9% 

3.15  
2.86  
2.62  
3.46  
3.68  
3.66  
3.53  
3.32  
2.69  
2.49  

Shares 
Outstanding 
207.4 
205.7 
203.7 
203.1 
202.3 
201.6 
200.5 
199.9 
198.5 
197.8 

1  Comprised of New York City-centric peers: SL Green, Empire State Realty Trust, and Paramount Group. 
2  All years include only the properties owned at the end of 2022 excluding the Hotel Pennsylvania. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Acquisitions/Dispositions 

Here is a ten-year schedule of acquisitions and dispositions. 

($ IN MILLIONS) 
2023 to date 
2022 
2021 
2020 
2019 
2018 
2017 
2016 
2015 
2014 
2013 

Number of 
Transactions 
—    
7    
6    
3    
7    
9    
9    
11    
25    
17    
26    
120    

Net Acquisitions/ 
(Dispositions) 
—    
(409.3)   
262.6    
3.7    
(2,818.6)   
336.0    
(5,901.9)   
(875.1)   
(3,717.1)   
(412.3)   
(616.5)   
(14,148.5)   

Acquisitions 
—    
—    
397.0    
3.7    
67.1    
573.5    
145.7    
147.4    
955.8    
648.1    
813.3    
3,751.6    

Dispositions 
—    
409.3    
134.4    
—    
2,885.7    
237.5    
6,047.6    
1,022.5    
4,672.9    
1,060.4    
1,429.8    
17,900.1    

Gain 
—  
69.0  
7.9  
—  
1,384.1  
170.4  
5.1  
664.4  
316.7  
523.4  
434.1  
3,575.1  

Over the ten-year period, our dispositions totaled $17.9 billion and we were a net seller of $14.1 billion. Our activity has declined since 
2020 as prices spiked. 

2019 Dispositions include $2.665 billion for the Retail Joint Venture at a 4.5% cap rate resulting in a gain of $1.205 billion.(3) 2017 
Dispositions  include  $5.997  billion  for  the  JBG  SMITH  spin-off  and  2015  Dispositions  include  $3.700  billion  for  the  Urban  Edge 
Properties spin-off. No gain was recognized on these spin-offs. 

The action here takes place on the 45th floor where our acquisitions/dispositions team resides. Thanks to Michael Franco, EVP Michael 
Schnitt, Corporate counsel Steve Borenstein, SVPs Cliff Broser, Brian Cantrell, Adam Green and Jared Toothman, and to VP Tatiana 
Melamed. 

3  The GAAP gain reported in our published financial statements was $2.571 billion, the difference being the step-up in basis to fair value of the retained portion of the assets. 

Much of this gain was reversed by impairment charges of $409.1 million in 2020 and $483.0 million in 2022.

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Lease…Lease…Lease 

The mission of our business is to create value for shareholders by growing our asset base through the addition of carefully selected 
properties and by adding value through intensive and efficient management. Our operating platform is where the rubber meets the road, 
and leasing is the main event. 

As is our practice, we present below leasing and occupancy statistics for our businesses. 

(SQUARE FEET IN 
THOUSANDS) 

2022 

Square feet leased 
Initial Rent 
GAAP Mark-to-Market 
Cash Mark-to-Market 
Number of transactions 

2021 

Square feet leased 
Initial Rent 
GAAP Mark-to-Market 
Cash Mark-to-Market 
Number of transactions 

New York 

Office 

Street Retail 

THE MART 

555 
California 
Street 

894 

84.51 

 9.0 %  
 5.4 %  
86 

2,252 

83.26 
 15.9 %  
 10.8 %  
98 

111 

266.25 
 (38.3) %  
 (34.2) %  
22 

229 

145.44 

 37.1 %  
 13.2 %  
36 

299 

52.40 
 (4.8) %  
 (5.4) %  
63 

330 

51.18 
 (0.5) %  
 0.0 %  
60 

210 

96.40 
 24.3 %  
 13.6 %  
6 

74 

114.70 

 29.5 %  
 25.4 %  
4 

The  negative  mark-to-market  for  Retail  in  2022  was  driven  by  a  rent  reduction  in  Hollister’s  lease  renewal  at  666  Fifth  Avenue. 
Excluding this deal, our Retail GAAP and cash mark-to-markets would have been positive 33.5% and 23.4%, respectively. 

Occupancy rate: 
2022 
2021 
2020 
2019 
2018 
2017 
2016 
2015 
2014 
2013 

New York 

Office 

Street Retail 

THE MART 

555 
California 
Street 

 91.9 % 
 92.2 % 
 93.4 % 
 96.9 % 
 97.2 % 
 97.1 % 
 96.3 % 
 96.3 % 
 96.9 % 
 96.6 % 

 74.4 % 
 80.7 % 
 78.8 % 
 94.5 % 
 97.3 % 
 96.9 % 
 97.1 % 
 96.2 % 
 96.5 % 
 97.4 % 

 81.6 % 
 88.9 % 
 89.5 % 
 94.6 % 
 94.7 % 
 98.6 % 
 98.9 % 
 98.6 % 
 94.7 % 
 96.4 % 

 94.7 % 
 93.8 % 
 98.4 % 
 99.8 % 
 99.4 % 
 94.2 % 
 92.4 % 
 93.3 % 
 97.6 % 
 94.5 % 

Thanks to our leasing captains: Glen Weiss and Haim Chera. Also thanks to the New York Office leasing machine: EVP Josh Glick, 
Edward Riguardi, Jared Silverman, Jared Solomon, Ryan Levy, Anthony Cugini and Jordan Donohue; and for Retail: EVP Ed Hogan, 
Jason Morrison, and Jenniel Davis; to EVP Paul Heinen, who runs leasing at both THE MART and 555 California Street; and Toni 
McIntosh and Byron Morton at THE MART. Our thanks also to our in-house legal teams and their leaders, EVPs Pam Caruso, and 
Elana Butler.

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clockwise from top left: 1290 Avenue of the Americas, THE MART, 888 Seventh Avenue, 770 Broadway 

9 

 
Capital Markets 

At year-end, we had $3.4 billion of immediate liquidity consisting of $1.0 billion of cash and restricted cash, $472 million of U.S. 
Treasury bills and $1.9 billion available on our $2.5 billion revolving credit facilities. Today, we have $3.2 billion of immediate liquidity. 
We also have over $8 billion of unencumbered assets. 

Since January 1, 2022, we have executed five capital markets transactions totaling $3.3 billion. Our capital markets team had another 
strong year. Special thanks to VP Tatiana Melamed and to SVP Jared Toothman. 

In June, we completed a $480 million refinancing of 100 West 33rd Street, a 1.1 million square foot building comprised of 859,000 
square feet of office space and 255,000 square feet of retail space. The interest-only loan bears a rate of SOFR plus 1.65% through 
March 2024, increasing to SOFR plus 1.85% thereafter. The interest rate on the loan was swapped to a fixed rate of 5.06% through 
March 2024, and 5.26% through June 2027. The loan matures in June 2027, with two one-year extension options subject to debt service 
coverage ratio and loan-to-value tests. The loan replaces the previous $580 million loan that bore interest at LIBOR plus 1.55% and was 
scheduled to mature in April 2024. 

In June, we completed a $700 million refinancing and extension of 770 Broadway, a 1.2 million square foot Manhattan office building. 
The interest-only loan bears a rate of SOFR plus 2.25% and matures in July 2024 with three one-year extension options (July 2027 as 
fully extended). The interest rate on the loan was swapped to a fixed rate of 4.98% through July 2027. The loan replaces the previous 
$700 million loan that bore interest at SOFR plus 1.86% and was scheduled to mature in July 2022. 

In June, we amended and extended one of our two revolving credit facilities. The $1.25 billion amended facility bears interest at a rate 
of SOFR plus 1.15%. The term of the facility was extended from March 2024 to December 2027, as fully extended. The facility fee is 
25 basis points. On August 16, 2022, the interest rate on the $575 million drawn on the facility was swapped to a fixed rate of 3.88% 
through August 2027. Our other $1.25 billion revolving credit facility matures in April 2026, as fully extended, bears a rate of SOFR 
plus 1.19% with a facility fee of 25 basis points, and is fully available. 

In June, we extended our $800 million unsecured term loan from February 2024 to December 2027. The extended loan bears interest at 
a rate of SOFR plus 1.30% and is swapped to a fixed rate of 4.05%. 

In August, the joint venture that owns the fee interest in the 330 West 34th Street land, in which we have a 34.8% interest, completed a 
$100 million refinancing. The interest-only loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.55% and matures in September 2032. In connection 
with the refinancing, we realized net proceeds of $10.5 million. The loan replaces the previous $50.2 million loan that bore interest at a 
fixed rate of 5.71%. 

In December, the $450 million non-recourse mortgage loan on 697-703 Fifth Avenue, in which we have a 44.8% interest through the 
Fifth  Avenue  and  Times  Square  JV,  matured  and  was  not  repaid,  at  which  time  the  lenders  declared  an  event  of  default.  During 
December, $29 million of property-level funds were applied by the lenders against the principal balance resulting in a $421 million loan 
balance as of December 31, 2022. The JV is in negotiations with the lenders regarding a restructuring but there can be no assurance as 
to the timing and ultimate resolution of these negotiations. The impairment charges recognized to date have reduced our equity basis to 
our share of the $421 million nonrecourse loan balance and, as such, we do not believe there will be any further impairment charges. 

During the year, we entered into $2.0 billion of interest rate swaps and extended a $500 million swap, reducing our variable rate debt as 
a percentage of total debt to 27% from 47%. Our exposure to LIBOR/SOFR increases on our $2.8 billion of unswapped variable rate 
debt is mitigated over the next year by $2.2 billion of interest rate caps. Interest income on our more than $1 billion of cash acts as a 
natural hedge.

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Below is the right-hand side of our balance sheet at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. 

($ IN MILLIONS) 
Secured debt 
Unsecured debt 
Share of non-consolidated debt 
Noncontrolling interests’ share of consolidated debt 
Total debt 
Cash, restricted cash, and U.S. Treasury bills 
Projected cash proceeds from 220 Central Park South 

Net debt  

EBITDA as adjusted 

Net debt/EBITDA as adjusted 

2022 
5,878 
2,575 
2,697 
(682)   

10,468 
(1,598)   
(90)   

8,780 

1,091 

8.0 x   

2021     
6,099     
2,575     
2,700     
(682)     
10,692     
(2,035)     
(148)     
8,509     

949     

9.0 x  

2020   
5,608   
1,825   
2,873   
(483)   
9,823   
(1,835)   
(275)   
7,713   

910   

8.5 x 

Our credit statistics have been negatively affected by COVID-related reductions in our income and higher interest rates. This resulted 
in downgrades by S&P to BBB- and by Moody’s to Baa3.(4) We aim to earn our rating back as our income reverts and improves, as our 
variable businesses continue to recover, as our occupancy climbs back to our historical 97%, and as PENN 2 leases up. 

Fixed-rate debt accounted for 73% of debt with a weighted average interest rate of 3.6% and a weighted average term of 4.4 years; 
floating-rate debt accounted for 27% of debt with a weighted average interest rate of 5.9% and a weighted average term of 2.8 years. 
Taking account of interest rate caps, 27% is reduced to 6%. Our caps and swaps are of shorter durations than our loan maturities. 

Vornado remains committed to maintaining our investment grade rating. 

4  All of our New York peers and most of the CBD office REITs are in the same boat.  

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Retail 

Retail has bottomed. Tenant activity is picking up from no interest and no tours to now a fairly active market, but still at bottom-fishing 
pricing. We expect activity and pricing to accelerate from here. 

We are making more than our fair share of deals – a sampling is Fendi, Berluti, Sephora, Whole Foods, Wegmans, Canada Goose, 
Chase, Duane Reade, Bond Street Sushi, Stefano Ricci, Five Below, DSW Shoes, Hollister… 

Individually,  and  collectively,  we  own  great  assets…  a  portfolio  of  56  properties,  2.6  million  square  feet  of  flagship  street  retail 
concentrated on the best high streets – Fifth Avenue, Times Square, THE PENN DISTRICT and SoHo. Please see www.vno.com for 
portfolio details and images. Here is the math for our retail business: 

($ IN MILLIONS, 
EXCEPT 
PROPERTIES) 

2022 
2021 
2020 
2019 
2018 
2017 

NOI 

Number of 
Properties 
56 
60 
63 
62 
63 
63 

GAAP Basis 
205.7 
173.4 
147.3 
273.2 
353.4 
359.9 

Cash Basis 
188.8 
160.8 
158.7 
267.7 
324.2 
324.3 

For comparability, 2018 and 2019 cash basis NOI of $324.2 million and $267.7 million should be adjusted for the Retail Joint Venture, 
other sales and out-of-service assets bringing our cash basis NOI, as adjusted, to $178 million and $194 million, respectively. 

We guided that cash basis NOI would not be less than $135 million in 2021 and $175 million in 2022. We “beat” 2021 guidance by $25 
million and 2022 guidance by $14 million. 

Below, we break down our retail business by submarket: 

($ IN MILLIONS, 
EXCEPT %) 
Fifth Avenue 
Times Square 
THE PENN DISTRICT 
SoHo 
Other 

Total 

NOI 

GAAP Basis 

Cash Basis 

Amount 
77.2    
30.9    
24.1    
6.8    
66.7    
205.7    

% 
37.6    
15.0    
11.7    
3.3    
32.4    
100.0    

Amount 
72.0    
29.6    
17.7    
6.0    
63.5    
188.8    

% 
38.1  
15.7  
9.4  
3.2  
33.6  
100.0  

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE PENN DISTRICT 

We are the largest owner in THE PENN DISTRICT with 9 million square feet. THE PENN DISTRICT’s time has come. THE PENN 
DISTRICT is different from our other office assets…it is a large multi-building complex, it is long-term and it is development focused 
(development and long-term are two of the dirtiest words in REITland). THE PENN DISTRICT is the highest growth opportunity in 
our portfolio. 

Our development plans for Farley, PENN 1 and PENN 2 were outlined in my letters to shareholders over the last years. Images, budgets, 
returns(5) and delivery dates are on our website. Two of these three large, exciting projects are now open and the third, PENN 2, is 
scheduled for completion by year end. When completed, these three, aggregating 5.2 million square feet, will constitute the debut of our 
vision for THE PENN DISTRICT. Here’s an update: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The acclaimed Moynihan Train Hall is open to the public, as is our Moynihan Food Hall. Our retail leasing in the Train Hall 
is well along, with 31 leases executed. In the western half of Farley, we are developing 90,000 square feet of retail which 
will  serve  as  the  connecting  link  between  Manhattan  West  and  Hudson  Yards,  our  neighbors  to  the  west,  and  the 
Moynihan/Penn Station complex to the east. This retail is organized around the 32nd Street corridor (read mall) that will act 
as a funnel that we expect will collect thousands of office workers heading to and from Penn Station. 

The doubling in width and doubling in height of the Long Island Rail Road concourse to 60 feet wide and 18 feet high is 
now  complete.  Anyone  who  thinks  PENN  Station  cannot  be  turned  into  a  world-class  facility  without  moving  Madison 
Square Garden (highly unlikely and backbreakingly expensive) should take a look at this grand concourse. We own the retail 
on both sides of the LIRR concourse. 

Vornado  was  honored  to  be  a  major  principal  in  both  the  Moynihan  Train  Hall  and  LIRR  concourse  public/private 
partnerships. 

At Farley, Meta (formerly Facebook) has taken occupancy of their 730,000 square feet under a 15-year lease. 

At PENN 11, our major tenant has expanded to 400,000 square feet. 

At PENN 1, our grand new lobby and multi-floor amenity offerings are completed and open. Our amenities here are extensive 
(we believe the largest amenity package in the City, by far) and unique, tailored to the demographic of our tenants’ workforce, 
and are receiving rave reviews from tenants and brokers. 

On  the  seventh  floor  of  PENN  1,  our  experience  and  leasing  center  is  open  and  busy.  This  14,000  square  foot  facility, 
complete with multiple scale models and floor-to-ceiling, wall-to-wall videos, vividly illustrates and brings to life our vision 
and  plans  for  the  buildings,  restaurants,  retail,  amenities,  and  lifestyle  and  workstyle  that  THE  PENN  DISTRICT  will 
become. 

At  PENN  2,  the  Bustle  is  complete.  Recladding  of  the curtainwall  is  85%  complete.  Loggia  work  is  ongoing  and  lobby 
construction has commenced. The LED lighting on the underside of the Bustle is about half complete and is spectacular – 
take a look. 

 

At Hotel Penn, structural demolition is down to the seventh floor with expected completion by year end. 

Our PENN DISTRICT development team is led by Barry Langer with David Bellman, Judy Kessler, Alan Reagan, Sandy Reis, Brian 
Thompson, Nicole Dosso, Alejandro Knopoff, Andrew Hunt and Morgan Mann. Special shout out and kudos to Glen Weiss, Barry 
Langer, Josh Glick and Brad Zizmor who have been the guiding lights in the creation of PENN 1’s unique food, gathering and social 
spaces. And, thank you to Dan Shannon for his excellent and creative work on PENN 2. 

5  We review budgets and returns annually. This year, we updated our projected incremental cash yields on Farley to 6.2% from 6.4%, PENN 2 to 9.5% from 9.0%, and PENN 1 

to 13.2% from 12.2%, increasing the weighted average return on all three to 8.3% from 8.0%.

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Some Thoughts, 2022 Version 
Portions reprinted from last year. 

 

 

I begin with a shoutout and thank you to our very talented Vornado people in New York, Paramus, Chicago and San 
Francisco, in leasing, development, the 45th floor, Paramus, operations, and BMS all of whom are A+, head of the class. 

2022 was an excellent year. Referring to page 4, each of our profit centers improved over the prior year, in the aggregate 
by $128.6 million, or 12.4%. The short-term future, however, will be more challenging. 

  We are now approaching the eye of the economic storm, and I expect it will get even worse. The Federal Reserve is doing 
its job as an inflation fighter and interest rates and the stock market are re-rating, the economy is slowing and layoffs are 
beginning. In this cycle, CBD office towers, nationwide, are the common enemy. Defaults and “give back the keys” have 
already started, led by some of the industry’s largest companies. There is no new debt available for office, so no buying, no 
selling, no new builds. When a loan comes due, the only refinance available (and that with a fight) is from the existing lender. 
There is a mere trickle of equity at deal-stealing prices. How long and deep this all goes is unknowable and so liquidity is 
the main event. 

Our balance sheet strategy is to rely primarily (70%) on project-level, nonrecourse debt (old fashioned mortgages), which is 
collateralized by assets we estimate to have an aggregate fair value of $10.6 billion (loan-to-value of 74%). We have over $8 
billion of unencumbered real estate assets. Only 25%(6) of our debt is recourse. Here is the detail of recourse debt: 

($ IN THOUSANDS) 

Corporate debt recourse to Vornado: 
3.50% senior unsecured notes 
Unsecured revolving credit facility ($1.25 billion available) 
2.15% senior unsecured notes 
Unsecured term loan 
Unsecured revolving credit facility ($675 million available) 
3.40% senior unsecured notes 

Amount   Maturity 

Years to 
Maturity 

450,000   
—   
400,000   
800,000   
575,000   
350,000   
2,575,000   

1/25 
4/26 
6/26 
12/27 
12/27 
6/31 

1.8 
3.0 
3.2 
4.7 
4.7 
8.2 
4.4 

 

Steel, concrete, and curtainwall are important, but in our business, capital is the essential raw material. We are now in the 
middle of a Federal Reserve tightening cycle, the result of which is interest rates are up (more than double), values are down, 
and CRE capital markets are frozen. Notwithstanding Fed funds at 5%, most run-of-the-mill real estate operators can’t borrow 
at 10%, or can’t borrow at all. 

Here’s what we have done: 

o 

Several years ago when we began the Farley/Facebook, PENN 1 and PENN 2 projects, we loaded in over $2 
billion in cash to prefund 100% of our development and construction costs. We didn’t know then how prescient 
that would be. So Farley/Facebook is now finished and paid for, PENN 1 almost so, and PENN 2 will finish by 
year end. These three assets, aggregating 5.2 million square feet, will be free and clear and unencumbered… and 
that’s quite a feat. 

o  We handled all of our 2023 and almost all of our 2024 debt maturities. 

o  We put on a series of swaps and caps bringing our effective floating rate exposure down to 6% of total debt. 
While very helpful, these swaps and caps do not, in most instances, match the maturity dates of the loans and 
therefore provide only partial protection. 

I would observe that there really is no protection against loans that mature into a rising market. And I further 
observe that the stock market marks to market, valuing at then-current interest rates, giving no value to lower-
rate loans even if locked in for term. 

o 

Beginning first quarter of this year, we declared a rightsized (lowered) dividend allowing us to retain $128 million 
of cash annually. It is our policy that our dividends mirror taxable income. 

 

The Federal Reserve tightening and the resulting real estate capital markets freeze will create opportunities, a la the RTC 
days. Trouble always creates opportunity. By and large, lenders really don’t want the keys back and actually do need to get 
the defaulted loans off their books, initially at small discounts and eventually at whatever discount clears the market. So, 
coming out of the cycle, many good but overleveraged buildings will change hands, will be de-levered, and the second or 
third owner will enjoy a much lower basis. We have a best-in-class operating platform and intend to participate in this death 
and rebirth cycle. 

6 

In addition, there are three mortgage loans totaling $514 million that for tax purposes are guaranteed.

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 

Nationwide,  the  stocks  of  office  companies  have  been  crushed.  Geography,  portfolio  quality,  and  even  balance  sheet 
strength doesn’t seem to matter. Is the stock market predicting that office buildings are obsolete, disrupted by the kitchen 
table and Zoom? Is the stock market predicting that the future of work, the future of office, and even the future of our cities 
is challenged? We don’t think so. 

We don’t think WFH or WFA is an existential threat. While companies are still grappling with hybrid work policies and the 
right level of flexibility, overall sentiment is shifting toward pre-pandemic norms. We are seeing a real pick up in return to 
office  throughout  our  portfolio,  particularly  Tuesday  through  Thursday.  Utilization  rates  are  approaching  60%  and  the 
momentum  is  improving  month  by  month.  Both  employers  and  employees  recognize  the  productivity,  collaboration, 
creativity and cultural benefits of working in the office together. 

On our fourth quarter earnings call in response to a question about hybrid work I said, “I think you can assume Friday is 
dead, forever. Consider Friday as a holiday… and Monday is touch and go.” In last year’s letter, I asked “does anybody think 
a nine hour, four day workweek with three days off has legs?” 

 

In January 2023, we completed an important deal with Citadel for our 350 Park Avenue building, which involved their 
master leasing the entire 585,000 square foot building (relieving us of 225,000 square feet of vacancy). This deal will almost 
certainly result in a teardown and a new build of a grand 1.7 million square foot tower on a larger assembled site. Please see 
our press release of December 9, 2022. We have a lot of friends on Wall Street and I might venture that by any measure 
(return on equity, return per employee, etc.), Citadel is at the head of the class, intensely focused and aggressively growing. 
This deal validates the quality of our site, our development team, and New York. 

There is a learning here with regard to WFH and WFA... Interestingly, Ken tells me that a significant differentiator for his 
firm is the simple fact that everybody comes to work every day, five days a week (I think they start at 7:30am). I think 
companies that embrace work-from-home will be left behind. And I think it’s absurd to think that years from now, tens of 
millions of Americans will be working from home, alone at their kitchen table. And that office towers and our great cities 
will be empty. And by the way, Zoom (a.k.a. Hollywood Squares) may be a disruptor, but its stock is down from $588 to a 
still high $74. 

 

The  market  is  demanding  highest  quality,  heavily  amenitized,  transportation-based  space.  Our  portfolio  fits  the  bill: 
PENN  DISTRICT,  770  Broadway,  Farley,  1290  Avenue  of  the  Americas,  555  California  Street,  THE  MART,  future 
development sites 350 Park Avenue and PENN 15, to name a few. 

  My excitement and conviction about our PENN DISTRICT grows quarter by quarter. I still believe that a winning strategy 
is to allow investors to choose between the high growth, development-oriented PENN DISTRICT or our other, pretty terrific 
in their own right, Class A traditional core assets, or both and that the most efficient way to do so is initially by tracker. 
Nonetheless, we have decided to pause. This is purely an internal transaction with no counterparty or deadline and I believe 
it wise to delay until COVID and the current economic storm are resolved, workers return en masse to the office, construction 
is further along, etc. No rush, let’s get it right. 

 

The GPP process has been a little contentious and is in litigation. I inadvertently created a whirlwind when I made what I 
thought was an obvious comment on our third quarter 2022 conference call that, “the headwinds in the current environment 
are not at all conducive to ground-up development”, which was interpreted as our abandoning the grand plan. Nothing could 
be further from the truth. A pause necessitated by economic conditions is not abandoning. 

By the way, we have earned our stripes with what we have already accomplished in THE PENN DISTRICT… just look 
at the Moynihan Train Hall, the LIRR Concourse, Facebook at Farley, PENN 1, PENN 2 and the two-block-long Bustle 
along Seventh Avenue. 

  With inflation the topic du jour, it should be noted that replacement cost for New York office buildings is rising aggressively. 
Replacement cost has always been a leading indicator, foretelling that our existing stock of office buildings will be increasing 
in value. 

 

 

In the history of New York real estate, all great bull landlord markets followed a period of constrained supply, and here 
we are. Capital markets are now making it almost impossible to build new. 

As we look through our portfolio of assets, we have more than a half dozen outstanding residential development/conversion 
opportunities in Manhattan, Queens, and one in Northern Virginia. We have the expertise, as proven by our success at 220 
and The Alexander in Rego Park, and will pursue these opportunities, all of which involve development and patience. 

One  theme  we  do  think  will  emerge  this  year  is  a  heightened  focus  on  the  quality  of  the  landlord.  Many  landlords, 
particularly private ones, are beginning to struggle with high leverage levels which may limit their ability to invest capital in 
their buildings or, in some cases, even retain their assets. Tenants and their brokers will shun these buildings. Strong, well 
capitalized landlords like Vornado will benefit. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  We listen to our tenants and, so, I am convinced that the way they want to work is rapidly changing. There is a large and 
growing list of tenants who are rejecting the rigid, closed door Uptown model in favor of the less formal, creative West Side 
model. Of New York’s 400 million square feet, I’m guessing only about half of that space really qualifies for the workplace 
of the future.  

 

 

Our soundstage partnership continues to pursue and make good progress. 

After many years of proudly commanding a full page and hero picture in this letter, 220 Central Park South, basically 
completed, now gets this short paragraph. Sales to date have totaled $3.223 billion. We are over 97% sold with, I guesstimate, 
$90 million still to come from the few remaining future sales. As an indicator of the singular success of this product, resale 
prices are up, and up substantially, and I believe 220 to be the only recent development where resale prices have increased. 

  We are in conversation with an operator to bid for a gaming license in Manhattan on a site in THE PENN DISTRICT. Last 

year, I wrote the following about Manhattan gaming which is doubly valid today: 

Gaming is now all around us. There are as many as 30 gaming venues within an easy drive of Manhattan. Internet 
gaming is the next big thing, predicted to have a much larger audience than even brick-and-mortar casinos (I 
understand one can even bet on the coin toss or each down or each free throw). New York State has authorized 
seven casino licenses, four of which have already been issued Upstate (I understand they are not doing well) with 
a seven-year head start on three Downstate licenses.  There is a rising level of chatter that the issuance of the 
Downstate licenses will be accelerated, and that Manhattan will be in play. There are two Downstate racetrack 
licenses (slot machines only) at Yonkers Raceway and Aqueduct Raceway that are performing well. Scuttlebutt 
is that these two will be awarded two of the three full Downstate casino licenses and then where will the third go? 
To my mind, it makes little sense for the third license to go to another venue in either Long Island or Westchester 
which would split revenue with the existing Yonkers or Aqueduct. It makes perfect sense for the third and final 
license to go to Manhattan. Being the center of everything, Manhattan will generate by far the highest revenue 
for our education system; after all, aren’t we in it to maximize the tax revenue? And Manhattan has, by far, the 
largest number of hotel rooms, restaurants, museums, tourist attractions, and the region’s transportation network 
was designed with Manhattan as its hub. 

 

The competition between high-tax, densely populated urban centers and low-tax/no-tax, generally warm weather, business 
welcoming states is the topic du jour. In the “this will never happen… but it should department”, the first governor of a 
northern, densely populated, urban state who recognizes all this and reduces taxes will be lionized. 

For the fourth year in a row, I question the wisdom of the New York State estate tax. I repeat here what I have said before: 

In New York State, the top 2% pay a full 50% of personal income taxes so it is critical that they remain tax-paying 
residents. The vulnerability comes with the 2%-ers, who are at the end of their careers. Most of the folks I know 
are willing to pay higher income taxes for the privilege of living in New York, but hate the prospect of a 16% toll 
for the privilege of dying in New York. New York State’s estate tax brings in only about 1/150th of the state’s 
annual budget. The estate tax should be repealed. Keeping our highest taxpayers through the end of their lives is 
both  good  economic  policy  and  good  politics.  By  the  way,  high-tax  California  has  no  estate  tax,  New  Jersey 
repealed its estate tax in 2018. 

  A year ago, I was on four public company boards, all in the family – Vornado, Alexander’s, Urban Edge and JBG SMITH. 

Today, I am on two boards - Vornado and Alexander’s. 

  We are keenly aware that our stock has declined 25% since the beginning of the year, down to a hard-to-believe $15; the fact 
that everyone else is in the same boat gives me no solace. This brings to mind the topic of buybacks. We know how to do 
buybacks; way back when, we bought back 60% of Vornado’s stock over a four-year period. For good reason, we have stood 
by in recent years while others did buybacks and while commentators pounded us about closing the proverbial NAV gap. In 
this period of great volatility and closed markets, it’s very difficult to estimate NAV, nonetheless our current stock price 
looks interesting. 

  We believe in New York, our hometown, the most important city in America. New York is the economic and cultural capital 
of the United States (there is a reason the Statue of Liberty is in New York Harbor); it is the finance center of the world; it 
attracts the best and the brightest; it has a large and growing highly educated and diverse workforce, eight professional sports 
teams, Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall, Broadway, great museums, great restaurants and nightlife, the best hospitals and 
universities,  and,  of  course,  the  largest  concentration  of  Fortune  500 headquarters,  and  is  now a  large  and  growing  tech 
center… you get the message.

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
731 Lexington Avenue 

17 

 
Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) 

Our Board and senior management are proud of Vornado’s national leadership in ESG, improving our communities, our buildings, and 
our tenant experiences. We continue to build upon our Vision 2030 and Science Based Target commitment through our robust ESG 
program. Our complete plan can be found on our website at www.vno.com/sustainability. 

Key achievements include:  

 

 

 

 

Procured 100% renewable energy credits (RECs) for electricity directly managed by Vornado in the key markets in which 
we operate. These RECs include those sourced from hydroelectric, solar and wind facilities located in the States of New 
York and California. 

Achieved a 28% reduction in overall energy consumption across our in-service office portfolio, since 2009 

Reached a 64% waste diversion rate this year across our in-service office portfolio against our long-term target of 75% 

Received multiple awards recognizing our continued industry leadership in sustainability including the 12th NAREIT Leader 
in the Light Award; Energy Star Partner of the Year with Sustained Excellence and Global “Sector Leader” for Diversified 
Office/Retail REITs in the Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark (GRESB), ranking #1 in the USA amongst peers 

We use data to measure progress against our goals, align our goals with our tenants, plan for our longer-term projects and engage with 
our stakeholders in meaningful ways. We use carbon accounting software, energy audits and models and building automation software 
to: 

  Manage our portfolio-wide waste, water and energy reduction strategies 

 

 

Create roadmaps for each building to understand how to achieve carbon neutrality 

Provide accurate and actionable data for our measurement, verification and reporting requirements 

We have expanded services focused on the health and well-being of our best-in-class employees with continuing education and career 
development. Through our Vornado Volunteers program, our employees supported local organizations including Habitat for Humanity, 
Breaking Ground, the Central Park Conservancy and Project Cicero. In THE PENN DISTRICT, we launched WorkLife, Vornado’s 
amenity  ecosystem  that  allows  our  tenants,  employees  and  communities  to  focus  on  work  and  self-care.  We  offer  regular  thought 
leadership, entertainment and wellness programs focused on supporting our organizations and individuals. 

Our Board, and particularly our Nominating and Governance Committee, is assigned with oversight of ESG, which includes climate 
change risk. In 2023, we continued the assignment of ESG performance metrics as part of our Executive Compensation program. Our 
discussion on corporate governance is included in our proxy statement, which can be viewed at www.vno.com/proxy and the governance 
section  of  our  website  at  www.vno.com/governance.  In  2023,  we  will  continue  to  monitor  developments  from  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission on potential rule making for climate disclosures. Our ESG narrative is told with transparency and supported by 
data. All can be found at www.vno.com/sustainability. 

Thanks to Lauren Moss, Samantha Benvenuto and Steve Borenstein who lead our ESG efforts. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We continually broaden our leadership team through promotions from within our Company. Please join me in congratulating this year’s 
class; they deserve it.  

Paul Heinen was promoted to Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, THE MART 

Jerald Kohrs was promoted to Senior Vice President, PENN DISTRICT Marketing 

Jason Morrison was promoted to Senior Vice President, Retail Leasing 

Maulik Shah was promoted to Senior Vice President, Building Operations and Construction, THE MART 

Jesse Burns was promoted to Vice President, Benefits 

Julian Ferraldo was promoted to Vice President, Retail Design 

Mike Lipitz was promoted to Vice President, Energy Management and Reporting 

Byron Morton was promoted to Vice President, Co-Head of Leasing, THE MART 

Toni McIntosh was promoted to Vice President, Co-Head of Leasing, THE MART 

Danielle Owen was promoted to Vice President, Chicago Collective and Women’s Edition, THE MART 

Welcome to Lauren Moss, Senior Vice President, Chief Sustainability Officer. 

Thank you and congratulations to Myron Mauer, who has retired after 35 years of service. We will miss him and wish him well.  

Our operating platform heads are the best in the business. I pay my respects to my partners, Michael Franco, Glen Weiss, Barry Langer, 
Haim  Chera  and  Tom  Sanelli;  and  to  David  Greenbaum  and  Joe  Macnow,  my  long-time  partners  who  are  now  part-timers.  Our 
exceptional 14 Division Executive Vice Presidents deserve special recognition and our thanks. Thank you as well to our very talented 
and hardworking 25 Senior Vice Presidents and 58 Vice Presidents who make the trains run on time, every day. 

Our Vornado Family has grown with 9 marriages and 15 births this year, 7 girls and 8 boys. 

On behalf of Vornado’s Board, senior management and 3,146 associates, we thank our shareholders, analysts and other stakeholders for 
their continued support. 

Steven Roth 

Chairman and CEO 

March 31, 2023 

Again, this year, I offer to assist shareholders with tickets to my wife’s award-winning Broadway production of Life of Pi. Please call if 
I can be of help. 

Emi is ED D’27 Woo Hoo

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 

Below is a reconciliation of net income (loss) to NOI, as adjusted (properties owned at the end of 2022): 
($ IN MILLIONS) 

2022 

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

2013 

1,009.0    
58.5    
(163.0)   
(38.6)   
(13.6)   
—    
—    
(686.9)   
(55.0)   
360.7    
141.9    
18.4    
207.7    
337.4    
1,176.5    
(182.5)   
994.0    

564.7  
336.3  
(102.9) 
20.8  
(2.0) 
—  
—  
(666.8) 
(58.6) 
342.5  
150.3  
24.9  
175.1  
323.5  
1,107.8  
(167.5) 
940.3  

2014 
864.9    
(81.5)   
783.4    
517.5    
(507.2)   
26.5    
—    
—    
—    
—    

117.8    
(11.6)   
(7.3)   
—    
—    
(8.0)   
—    
911.1    
(403.8)   
507.3    

2013 
476.0  
(84.0) 
392.0  
501.8  
(411.6) 
37.1  
—  
—  
—  
—  

157.3  
(0.5) 
(26.7) 
6.6  
—  
(15.1) 
0.1  
641.0  
(173.0) 
468.0  

2021 

101.1  
7.9  
29.5  
(15.3) 
(44.6) 
10.9  
—  
(1.3) 
88.2  

Net income (loss) 
Our share of (income) loss from partially owned entities 
Our share of (income) loss from real estate fund 
Interest and other investment (income) loss, net 
Net gains on disposition of assets 
Net gain on transfer to Fifth Ave. and Times Square JV 
Purchase price fair value adjustment 
(Income) loss from discontinued operations 
NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Depreciation, amortization expense and income taxes 
General and administrative expense 
Acquisition and transaction related costs 
Our share of NOI from partially owned entities 
Interest and debt expense 
NOI 
Certain items that impact NOI 
NOI, as adjusted (properties owned at the end of 2022) 

 Below is a reconciliation of net (loss) income to FFO and FFO, as adjusted: 
($ IN MILLIONS) 
Net income (loss) attributable to Vornado 
Preferred share dividends and issuance costs 
Net income (loss) applicable to common shares 
Depreciation and amortization of real property 
Net gains on sale of real estate 
Real estate impairment losses 
Decrease in fair value of marketable securities 
Net gain on transfer to Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV, net of NCI 
Net gain from sale of Urban Edge shares 
After tax purchase price fair value adjustment 
Partially owned entities adjustments: 
Depreciation of real property 
Net gains on sale of real estate 
Income tax effect of adjustments 
Real estate impairment losses 
(Increase) decrease in fair value of marketable securities 

Noncontrolling interests’ share adjustments 
Preferred share dividends 
FFO 
Certain items that impact FFO 
FFO, as adjusted 

(382.6)   
461.3    
(3.6)   
(19.9)   
(100.6)   
—    
—    
—    
(70.0)   
526.2    
133.7    
31.7    
306.0    
279.8    
1,162.0    
(8.3)   
1,153.7    

207.5    
(130.5)   
(11.1)   
(4.6)   
(50.8)   
—    
—    
—    
(69.4)   
401.9    
134.6    
13.8    
310.9    
231.1    
1,033.4    
—    
1,033.4    

(461.8)   
329.1    
226.3    
5.5    
(381.3)   

3,334.3    
(78.9)   
104.1    
(21.8)   
(845.5)   
—     (2,571.1)   
—    
—    
—    
—    
(69.3)   
(72.8)   
522.6    
436.3    
169.9    
181.5    
106.5    
174.0    
322.4    
306.5    
286.6    
229.3    
1,259.8    
972.6    
(91.3)   
37.5    
1,168.5    
1,010.1    

422.6    
(9.1)   
89.2    
(17.1)   
(246.0)   
—    
(44.1)   
(0.6)   
(71.2)   
484.2    
141.9    
31.3    
253.6    
347.9    
1,382.6    
(223.7)   
1,158.9    

264.1    
(15.2)   
(3.2)   
(37.8)   
(0.5)   
—    
—    
13.2    
(65.3)   
470.4    
159.0    
1.8    
269.2    
345.6    
1,401.3    
(242.7)   
1,158.6    

2022 
(346.5)   
(62.1)   
(408.6)   
456.9    
(58.7)   
19.1    
—    
—    
—    
—    

130.6    
(0.2)   
—    
576.4    
—    
(77.9)   
1.3    
638.9    
(30.0)   
608.9    

2021 
176.0    
(74.9)   
101.1    
373.8    
—    
7.9    
—    
—    
—    
—    

139.2    
(15.7)   
—    
—    
(1.1)   
(34.1)   
—    
571.1    
(21.2)   
549.9    

2019 
2020 
3,147.9    
(297.0)   
(50.1)   
(51.7)   
3,097.8    
(348.7)   
389.0    
368.6    
(178.7)   
—    
32.0    
236.3    
4.9    
5.5    
—     (2,559.1)   
(62.4)   
—    
—    
—    

156.6    
—    
—    
409.1    
2.8    
(79.1)   
—    
750.5    
(249.5)   
501.0    

134.7    
—    
—    
—    
2.9    
141.7    
—    
1,003.4    
(342.9)   
660.5    

2018 
449.9    
(65.1)   
384.8    
413.1    
(158.1)   
12.0    
26.5    
—    
—    
(27.3)   

101.6    
(4.0)   
—    
—    
3.9    
(22.8)   
—    
729.7    
(26.9)   
702.8    

2017 
227.4    
(65.4)   
162.0    
468.0    
(3.5)   
—    
—    
—    
—    
—    

137.0    
(17.8)   
—    
7.7    
—    
(36.7)   
1.1    
717.8    
(16.8)   
701.0    

982.0    
(168.9)   
23.6    
(29.6)   
(160.4)   
—    
—    
(404.9)   
(66.2)   
428.2    
149.6    
9.4    
271.1    
330.2    
1,364.1    
(243.1)   
1,121.0    

2016 
906.9    
(83.3)   
823.6    
531.6    
(177.0)   
160.7    
—    
—    
—    
—    

859.4    
9.9    
(74.1)   
(27.2)   
(149.4)   
—    
—    
(223.5)   
(64.9)   
294.8    
149.3    
12.5    
245.8    
309.3    
1,341.9    
(256.6)   
1,085.3    

2015 
760.4    
(80.6)   
679.8    
514.1    
(289.1)   
0.3    
—    
—    
—    
—    

154.8    
(2.9)   
—    
6.3    
—    
(41.1)   
1.6    
1,457.6    
(785.3)   
672.3    

144.0    
(4.5)   
—    
16.8    
—    
(22.4)   
—    
1,039.0    
(409.3)   
629.7    

Below is a reconciliation of net income (loss) to EBITDA, as adjusted 
($ IN MILLIONS) 

2022 

2021 

  Below is a reconciliation of net income (loss) to net income, as adjusted: 
2022 

($ IN MILLIONS) 

2020   

Net income (loss) (before noncontrolling interests) 
Less: net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 

in consolidated subsidiaries 

Net income (loss) attributable to the Operating Partnership 
Interest and debt expense 
Depreciation and amortization 
Net gain on sale of real estate 
Impairment losses on real estate 
Income tax expense/(benefit) 
EBITDA 
Gain on sale of 220 Central Park South units 
Net gains on disposition of assets 
608 Fifth Avenue lease liability gain 
Severance and other reduction in force expenses 
Credit losses on loans receivable 
Hotel Pennsylvania, Real Estate Fund and other 
EBITDA, as adjusted 

(382.6)   

207.5    

(461.8)   Net income (loss) applicable to common shares 

5.7    
(376.9)   
362.3    
593.3    
(58.9)   
595.5    
23.4    
1,138.7    
(41.9)   
(17.4)   
—    
—    
—    
11.2    
1,090.6    

(24.0)   
183.5    
297.1    
526.5    
(15.6)   
7.9    
(9.8)   
989.6    
(50.3)   
(0.6)   
—    
—    
—    
10.3    
949.0    

  Non-cash impairment losses 

139.9    Hotel Pennsylvania (permanently closed April 5, 2021) 
(321.9)   Net gains on disposition of assets 
309.0   
532.3    Deferred tax liability on our investment in Farley 

220 Central Park South gains 

—    Refund of NYC transfer taxes 

645.3    Certain other items that impact net income 
36.2    Net income, as adjusted 

1,200.9   
(381.3)  
—   
(70.3)  
23.4   
13.4   
124.2   
910.3   

(408.6)   
595.5    
71.1    
(62.7)   
(35.9)   
13.7    
(13.6)   
(33.0)   
126.5    

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒

☐

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended:

December 31, 2022

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from

Commission File Number:
Commission File Number:

to

001-11954 (Vornado Realty Trust)
001-34482 (Vornado Realty L.P.)

Vornado Realty Trust
Vornado Realty L.P.
(Exact name of registrants as specified in its charter)

Vornado Realty Trust

Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

22-1657560
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

Vornado Realty L.P.

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

13-3925979
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

888 Seventh Avenue, New York,  New York

10019

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(212)  894-7000

(Registrants’ telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Registrant
Vornado Realty Trust

Vornado Realty Trust
Vornado Realty Trust
Vornado Realty Trust
Vornado Realty Trust

  Common Shares of beneficial interest,  $.04 par value per share

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol(s)
VNO

Name of Exchange on Which 
Registered
New York Stock Exchange

Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of beneficial
interest, liquidation preference $25.00 per share:
5.40% Series L
5.25% Series M
5.25% Series N
4.45% Series O

VNO/PL
VNO/PM
VNO/PN
VNO/PO

New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Registrant
Vornado Realty Trust

Vornado Realty L.P.

Title of Each Class
Series A Convertible Preferred Shares of beneficial interest, 
liquidation preference $50.00 per share

Class A Units of Limited Partnership Interest

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 
Vornado Realty Trust: Yes  ☑      No  ☐   Vornado Realty L.P.: Yes  ☐      No  ☑
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Vornado Realty Trust: Yes  ☐      No  ☑   Vornado Realty L.P.: Yes  ☐      No  ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Vornado Realty Trust: Yes  ☑      No  ☐   Vornado Realty L.P.: Yes  ☑      No  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant 
was required to submit such files).
Vornado Realty Trust: Yes  ☑      No  ☐   Vornado Realty L.P.: Yes  ☑      No  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting 
company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” "non-accelerated filer," 
“smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Vornado Realty Trust:

☑  Large Accelerated Filer
☐ Non-Accelerated Filer

☐ Accelerated Filer
☐ Smaller Reporting Company
☐ Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for 
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Vornado Realty L.P.:

☐ Large Accelerated Filer
☑  Non-Accelerated Filer

☐ Accelerated Filer
☐ Smaller Reporting Company
☐ Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for 
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of 
its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public 
accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.
Vornado Realty Trust:  ☑   Vornado Realty L.P.:  ☑ 
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant 
included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.
Vornado Realty Trust:  ☐   Vornado Realty L.P.:  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based 
compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).
Vornado Realty Trust:  ☐   Vornado Realty L.P.:  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Vornado Realty Trust: Yes  ☐      No  ☑   Vornado Realty L.P.: Yes  ☐      No  ☑ 
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common shares held by non-affiliates of Vornado Realty Trust, i.e. by persons 
other than officers and trustees of Vornado Realty Trust, was $5,074,142,000 at June 30, 2022.

As of December 31, 2022, there were 191,866,880 common shares of beneficial interest outstanding of Vornado Realty Trust.

There is no public market for the Class A units of limited partnership interest of Vornado Realty L.P. Based on the June 30, 2022 closing 
share price of Vornado Realty Trust’s common shares, which are issuable upon redemption of the Class A units, the aggregate market 
value of the Class A units held by non-affiliates of Vornado Realty L.P., i.e. by persons other than Vornado Realty Trust and its officers 
and trustees, was $319,516,000 at June 30, 2022.

Part III: Portions of Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Vornado Realty Trust’s Shareholders to be held on May 18, 2023.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

 
 
EXPLANATORY NOTE

This report combines the Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 of Vornado Realty Trust 
and Vornado Realty L.P. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “Vornado” refer to Vornado Realty 
Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and references to the “Operating Partnership” refer to Vornado Realty L.P., a 
Delaware  limited  partnership.  References  to  the  “Company,”  “we,”  “us”  and  “our”  mean  collectively  Vornado,  the  Operating 
Partnership and those subsidiaries consolidated by Vornado.

The  Operating  Partnership  is  the  entity  through  which  we  conduct  substantially  all  of  our  business  and  own,  either  directly  or 
through subsidiaries, substantially all of our assets. Vornado is the sole general partner and also a 92% limited partner of the Operating 
Partnership. As the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, Vornado has exclusive control of the Operating Partnership’s 
day-to-day management.

Under the limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership, unitholders may present their Class A units for redemption 
at any time (subject to restrictions agreed upon at the time of issuance of the units that may restrict such right for a period of time). 
Class  A  units  may  be  tendered  for  redemption  to  the  Operating  Partnership  for  cash;  Vornado,  at  its  option,  may  assume  that 
obligation and pay the holder either cash or Vornado common shares on a one-for-one basis. Because the number of Vornado common 
shares outstanding at all times equals the number of Class A units owned by Vornado, the redemption value of each Class A unit is 
equivalent to the market value of one Vornado common share, and the quarterly distribution to a Class A unitholder is equal to the 
quarterly  dividend  paid  to  a  Vornado  common  shareholder.  This  one-for-one  exchange  ratio  is  subject  to  specified  adjustments  to 
prevent dilution. Vornado generally expects that it will elect to issue its common shares in connection with each such presentation for 
redemption  rather  than  having  the  Operating  Partnership  pay  cash.  With  each  such  exchange  or  redemption,  Vornado’s  percentage 
ownership  in  the  Operating  Partnership  will  increase.  In  addition,  whenever  Vornado  issues  common  shares  other  than  to  acquire 
Class A units of the Operating Partnership, Vornado must contribute any net proceeds it receives to the Operating Partnership and the 
Operating Partnership must issue to Vornado an equivalent number of Class A units of the Operating Partnership. This structure is 
commonly referred to as an umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT.

The  Company  believes  that  combining  the  Annual  Reports  on  Form  10-K  of  Vornado  and  the  Operating  Partnership  into  this 

single report provides the following benefits:

•

•

•

enhances investors’ understanding of Vornado and the Operating Partnership by enabling investors to view the business as a 
whole in the same manner as management views and operates the business;
eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined and readable presentation because a substantial portion of the 
disclosure applies to both Vornado and the Operating Partnership; and
creates time and cost efficiencies in the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.

The Company believes it is important to understand the few differences between Vornado and the Operating Partnership in the 
context  of  how  Vornado  and  the  Operating  Partnership  operate  as  a  consolidated  company.  The  financial  results  of  the  Operating 
Partnership  are  consolidated  into  the  financial  statements  of  Vornado.  Vornado  does  not  have  any  significant  assets,  liabilities  or 
operations,  other  than  its  investment  in  the  Operating  Partnership.  The  Operating  Partnership,  not  Vornado,  generally  executes  all 
significant  business  relationships  other  than  transactions  involving  the  securities  of  Vornado.  The  Operating  Partnership  holds 
substantially  all  of  the  assets  of  Vornado.  The  Operating  Partnership  conducts  the  operations  of  the  business  and  is  structured  as  a 
partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from equity offerings by Vornado, which are contributed to the 
capital of the Operating Partnership in exchange for Class A units of partnership in the Operating Partnership, and the net proceeds of 
debt  offerings  by  Vornado,  which  are  contributed  to  the  Operating  Partnership  in  exchange  for  debt  securities  of  the  Operating 
Partnership,  as  applicable,  the  Operating  Partnership  generates  all  remaining  capital  required  by  the  Company’s  business.  These 
sources may include working capital, net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under the revolving credit facilities, the 
issuance of secured and unsecured debt and equity securities and proceeds received from the disposition of certain properties.

To help investors better understand the key differences between Vornado and the Operating Partnership, certain information for 

Vornado and the Operating Partnership in this report has been separated, as set forth below:

•

•

•

Item  5.  Market  for  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer  Purchases  of  Equity 
Securities;
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes information 
specific to each entity, where applicable; and
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data which includes the following specific disclosures for Vornado 
Realty Trust and Vornado Realty L.P.:

•
•
•
•

Note 10. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests 
Note 11. Shareholders' Equity/Partners' Capital 
Note 14. Stock-based Compensation 
Note 18. (Loss) Income Per Share/(Loss) Income Per Class A Unit 

This report also includes separate Part II, Item 9A. Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications 
for  each  of  Vornado  and  the  Operating  Partnership  in  order  to  establish  that  the  requisite  certifications  have  been  made  and  that 
Vornado and the Operating Partnership are compliant with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 
U.S.C. §1350.

Item 

Financial Information:

Page Number

INDEX

1.

1A.

1B.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Reserved

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations

7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

8.

9.

9A.

9B.

9C.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance(1)

Executive Compensation(1)

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters(1)

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence(1)

Principal Accountant Fees and Services(1)

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

7

11

24

25

31

31

31

32

33

56

58

118

118

122

122

122

122

123

123

123

123

133

134

PART I.

PART II.

PART III.

PART IV.

Signatures

________________________________________
(1) These  items  are  omitted  in  whole  or  in  part  because  Vornado,  the  Operating  Partnership’s  sole  general  partner,  will  file  a 
definitive  Proxy  Statement  pursuant  to  Regulation  14A  under  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after December 31, 2022, portions of which are incorporated by reference herein.

5

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained herein constitute forward-looking statements as such term is defined in Section 27A of the Securities 
Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are not 
guarantees of performance. They represent our intentions, plans, expectations and beliefs and are subject to numerous assumptions, 
risks  and  uncertainties.  Our  future  results,  financial  condition  and  business  may  differ  materially  from  those  expressed  in  these 
forward-looking  statements.  You  can  find  many  of  these  statements  by  looking  for  words  such  as  “approximates,”  “believes,” 
“expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “intends,” “plans,” “would,” “may” or other similar expressions in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K.  We  also  note  the  following  forward-looking  statements:  in  the  case  of  our  development  and  redevelopment  projects,  the 
estimated  completion  date,  estimated  project  cost  and  cost  to  complete;  and  estimates  of  future  capital  expenditures,  dividends  to 
common and preferred shareholders and operating partnership distributions. Many of the factors that will determine the outcome of 
these and our other forward-looking statements are beyond our ability to control or predict. For further discussion of factors that could 
materially affect the outcome of our forward-looking statements, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Currently, some of the factors are the increase in interest rates and inflation and the continuing effect of the COVID-19 pandemic 
on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, operating performance and the effect that these factors have had 
and may continue to have on our tenants, the global, national, regional and local economies and financial markets and the real estate 
market in general.

For these statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements, which speak only as 
of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or the date of any document incorporated by reference. All subsequent written and 
oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the 
cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. We do not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions to 
our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

6

ITEM 1.  

BUSINESS

PART I

Vornado is a fully-integrated REIT and conducts its business through, and substantially all of its interests in properties are held 
by, the Operating Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership. Accordingly, Vornado’s cash flow and ability to pay dividends to its 
shareholders are dependent upon the cash flow of the Operating Partnership and the ability of its direct and indirect subsidiaries to first 
satisfy  their  obligations  to  creditors.  Vornado  is  the  sole  general  partner  of  and  owned  approximately  92%  of  the  common  limited 
partnership interest in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2022.

We currently own all or portions of: 

New York:

•

62 Manhattan operating properties consisting of: 

•
•
•

19.9 million square feet of office space in 30 of the properties; 
2.6 million square feet of street retail space in 56 of the properties; 
1,664 units in six residential properties;

• Multiple development sites, including 350 Park Avenue and the Hotel Pennsylvania site;
•

A  32.4%  interest  in  Alexander’s,  Inc.  (“Alexander’s”)  (NYSE:  ALX),  which  owns  six  properties  in  the  greater  New  York 
metropolitan area, including 731 Lexington Avenue, the 1.1 million square foot Bloomberg, L.P. headquarters building, and 
The Alexander, a 312-unit apartment tower in Queens;
Signage throughout the Penn District and Times Square; and
Building Maintenance Services LLC ("BMS"), a wholly owned subsidiary, which provides cleaning and security services for 
our buildings and third parties.

•
•

Other Real Estate and Investments:

•
•

•

The 3.7 million square foot theMART in Chicago;
A  70%  controlling  interest  in  555  California  Street,  a  three-building  office  complex  in  San  Francisco’s  financial  district 
aggregating 1.8 million square feet; and
Other real estate and investments.

OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGY

Our business objective is to maximize Vornado shareholder value. We intend to achieve this objective by continuing to pursue our 

investment philosophy and to execute our operating strategies through:

• maintaining a superior team of operating and investment professionals and an entrepreneurial spirit;
•

investing  in  properties  in  select  markets,  such  as  New  York  City,  where  we  believe  there  is  a  high  likelihood  of  capital 
appreciation;
acquiring quality properties at a discount to replacement cost and where there is a significant potential for higher rents;
developing and redeveloping properties to increase returns and maximize value; and
investing in operating companies that have a significant real estate component.

•
•
•

We expect to finance our growth, acquisitions and investments using internally generated funds and proceeds from asset sales and 
by accessing the public and private capital markets. We may also offer Vornado common or preferred shares or Operating Partnership 
units in exchange for property and may repurchase or otherwise reacquire these securities in the future.

DISPOSITIONS

We completed the following sale transactions during 2022:
•
•
•

$173 million sale of the Center Building located at 33-00 Northern Boulevard in Long Island City, New York;
$101 million sale of 40 Fulton Street;
$88 million net proceeds from the sale of three condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 Central Park South ("220 
CPS");
$85 million aggregate sale of two Manhattan retail properties located at 478-482 Broadway and 155 Spring Street; and
$24 million sale of 484-486 Broadway.

•
•

7

FINANCINGS

We completed the following financing transactions during 2022:

•
•
•
•
•
•

$2.0 billion of interest rate swap arrangements and a $500 million extension of an existing interest rate swap arrangement;
$1.25 billion unsecured revolving credit facility amended and extended from March 2024 to December 2027;
$800 million unsecured term loan extended from February 2024 to December 2027;
$700 million refinancing of 770 Broadway;
$480 million refinancing of 100 West 33rd Street; and
$100 million refinancing of 330 West 34th Street land owner joint venture ($35 million at our 34.8% interest).

DEVELOPMENT AND REDEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES

PENN District

The Farley Building
Our  95%  joint  venture  (5%  is  owned  by  the  Related  Companies  ("Related"))  is  completing  the  development  of  The  Farley 
Building,  which  includes  approximately  846,000  rentable  square  feet  of  commercial  space,  comprised  of  approximately  730,000 
square feet of office space and approximately 116,000 square feet of restaurant and retail space. The total development cost of this 
project is estimated to be approximately $1,120,000,000 at our 95% share, of which $1,111,493,000 of cash has been expended as of 
December 31, 2022.

PENN 1
We  are  redeveloping  PENN  1,  a  2,546,000  square  foot  office  building  located  on  34th  Street  between  Seventh  and  Eighth 
Avenue. In December 2020, we entered into an agreement with the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (the “MTA”) to oversee the 
redevelopment  of  the  Long  Island  Rail  Road  Concourse  at  Penn  Station  (the  "Concourse").  Skanska  USA  Civil  Northeast,  Inc.  is 
performing the redevelopment under a fixed price contract for $396,000,000 which is being funded by the MTA. In connection with 
the  redevelopment,  we  entered  into  an  agreement  with  the  MTA  which  will  result  in  the  widening  of  the  Concourse  to  relieve 
overcrowding and our trading of 15,000 square feet of back of house space for 22,000 square feet of retail frontage space. Vornado's 
total development cost of our PENN 1 project is estimated to be $450,000,000, of which $375,810,000 of cash has been expended as 
of December 31, 2022.

PENN 2
We are redeveloping PENN 2, a 1,795,000 square foot (as expanded) office building, located on the west side of Seventh Avenue 
between 31st and 33rd Street. The development cost of this project is estimated to be $750,000,000, of which $393,126,000 of cash 
has been expended as of December 31, 2022.

Hotel Pennsylvania Site
We have permanently closed the Hotel Pennsylvania and plan to develop an office tower on the site. Demolition of the existing 

building structure commenced in the fourth quarter of 2021.

We  are  also  making  districtwide  improvements  within  the  PENN  District.  The  development  cost  of  these  improvements  is 

estimated to be $100,000,000, of which $41,776,000 of cash has been expended as of December 31, 2022. 

We are also evaluating other development and redevelopment opportunities at certain of our properties in Manhattan including, in 

particular, the PENN District and 350 Park Avenue.

There can be no assurance that the above projects will be completed, completed on schedule or within budget.

8

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES

We have long believed a focus on environmental sustainability is responsible management of our business and important to our 
tenants, investors, employees and communities that we serve. It has been central to Vornado's business strategy for over 10 years. The 
Corporate  Governance  and  Nominating  Committee  of  Vornado's  Board  of  Trustees  is  assigned  with  oversight  of  Environmental, 
Social and Governance (“ESG”) matters, which includes climate change risk. Environmental sustainability initiatives are carried out 
by a dedicated team of professionals that work directly with our business units.

Vornado is an industry leader in sustainability, owning and operating more than 27 million square feet of LEED (Leadership in 
Energy and Environmental Design) certified buildings, representing 95% of our office portfolio, with over 23 million square feet at 
LEED Gold or Platinum. In 2022, we (i) were selected as a global “Sector Leader” for Diversified Office/Retail REITs in the Global 
Real  Estate  Sustainability  Benchmark  ("GRESB"),  ranking  first  in  the  United  States  amongst  peers  and  ranking  third  among  112 
responding  listed  companies  within  the  Americas,  and  received  the  “Green  Star”  distinction  for  the  tenth  consecutive  year  and 
GRESB's five star rating, (ii) received the Leader in the Light Award by the National Association for Real Estate Investment Trusts 
(NAREIT) for diversified REITs for the twelfth time, and (iii) were recognized as an EPA ENERGY STAR Partner of the Year with 
the distinction of having demonstrated seven years of sustained excellence.

We  prioritize  addressing  climate  change  and  in  2019  adopted  a  10-year  plan  to  make  our  buildings  carbon  neutral  by  2030 
(“Vision  2030”).  Vision  2030  is  a  multi-faceted  approach  that  prioritizes  energy  efficiency,  demand  management,  and  renewable 
power. We rely on technology, as well as meaningful stakeholder collaboration with our tenants, our employees, and our communities, 
to  achieve  this  plan.  Our  commitment  to  carbon  neutrality  and  associated  emissions  reduction  targets  have  been  approved  by  the 
Science Based Targets Initiative as consistent with a 1.5°C climate scenario, the most ambitious goal of the Paris Agreement.

We consider sustainability in all aspects of our business, including the design, construction, retrofitting and ongoing maintenance 
and operations of our portfolio of buildings. We operate our buildings sustainably and efficiently by seeking to establish best practices 
in  energy  and  water  consumption,  carbon  reduction,  resource  and  waste  management  and  ecologically  sensitive  procurement.  Our 
policies,  from  100%  green  cleaning  to  energy  efficiency,  are  implemented  across  our  entire  portfolio.  We  undertake  significant 
outreach with our tenants, employees and investors regarding Vornado’s sustainability programs and strategies.

Our 2022 and 2023 long-term performance plan awards formally tie senior management compensation to achievement of certain 
ESG targets, including reductions in greenhouse emissions, achieving a specified GRESB score and targeting a specified percentage of 
LEED Gold or Platinum certified square footage in our office portfolio.

We  are  committed  to  transparent  reporting  of  sustainability  performance  indicators  and  publish  an  annual  ESG  Report  in 
accordance  with  the  Global  Reporting  Initiative  and  aligned  with  the  metrics  codified  by  the  Sustainability  Accounting  Standards 
Board and recommendations set forth by the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures. We also submit public reports to 
CDP  (formerly,  the  Carbon  Disclosure  Project),  CSA  (the  S&P  Global  Corporate  Sustainability  Assessment)  and  EP100  (global 
initiative led by Climate Group). Further details on our environmental sustainability initiatives and strategy, including our Vision 2030 
Roadmap, can be found in our 2021 ESG Report at (esg.vno.com). There can be no assurance that our Vision 2030 commitment will 
be achieved in the planned time frame. The ESG Report is not incorporated by reference and should not be considered part of this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K.

HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

As of December 31, 2022, we have approximately 3,146 employees, consisting of (i) 2,622 employees of Building Maintenance 
Services LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary, which provides cleaning, security, engineering and parking services primarily to our New 
York  properties,  (ii)  236  employees  in  our  corporate  office,  (iii)  158  employees  in  leasing  and  property  management,  and  (iv)  130 
employees of theMART. The foregoing does not include employees of partially owned entities.

Human capital management is critical to our success and our employees are the foundation of our human capital. To foster talent 
and growth, we provide training and continuing education, promote career and personal development, and encourage innovation and 
engagement.

Compensation, Benefits and Employees Wellbeing

To attract and retain the best-qualified talent and to help our employees stay healthy, balance their work and personal lives, and 
meet  their  financial  and  retirement  goals,  we  offer  competitive  benefits  including,  but  not  limited  to,  market-competitive 
compensation, healthcare (medical, dental and vision coverage), a health savings account, 401(k) and employer match, dependent care 
flexible spending account, parental leave, adoption/surrogacy benefits, short-term and long-term disability insurance, life insurance, 
time  off/paid  holidays,  tuition  reimbursement,  subsidized  gym  memberships,  employee  wellness  programs  and  incentives,  in-
workplace COVID-19 and flu vaccinations, commuter benefits, an employee assistance program and workplace flexibility.

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HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT - CONTINUED

Talent Development

We  promote  career  and  personal  development,  provide  training  and  continuing  education,  and  encourage  innovation  and 
engagement.  This  includes  tuition  reimbursement  for  our  employees’  continuing  education  and  professional  development,  and  the 
opportunity to participate in a variety of training and networking engagements.

Culture and Engagement
Our employees are critical to our success, and we believe creating a positive and inclusive culture is essential to attracting and 
retaining engaged employees. We seek to retain our employees by actively engaging with our workforce and we solicit their feedback 
through our divisional leaders and employee surveys. We use their feedback to create and continually enhance programs that support 
their needs.

Through  our  volunteer  program,  Vornado  Volunteers,  employees  are  granted  one  day  of  paid  time  off  per  calendar  year  to 

volunteer for a cause of their choice.

Diversity and Inclusion
Vornado is a diverse and inclusive environment that empowers the individual and enriches the employment experience. We have 
published  Equal  Employment  Opportunity  “EEO”  data  since  2017  and  have  a  broadly  diverse  workforce  across  both  our  corporate 
base as well as our BMS division. Our employee demographics data can be found on our ESG micro-site (esg.vno.com), which is not 
incorporated by reference and should not be considered part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our diversity metrics set a baseline from where we constantly strive to improve.
Health and Wellness 
As  a  building  owner  and  landlord  to  thousands  of  business  tenants,  we  focus  on  maintaining  and  improving  the  health  of  our 
indoor  environments,  as  well  as  communicating  the  value  of  our  health  and  wellness  programs  with  consistency  and  clarity  to  our 
stakeholders. We believe that consistent health programming and communications protocols not only mitigate health risks within our 
buildings, but they also create a responsible behavior framework for our employees, our tenants, and our visitors.

Labor Relations
BMS employs and manages janitorial and security staff who are members of 32BJ SEIU and engineering staff who are members 
of  Local  94  of  the  International  Union  of  Operating  Engineers  AFL-CIO.  Through  our  active  participation  in  the  Realty  Advisory 
Board on Labor Relations, we work collaboratively with both unions and consider our relations with our union employees to be very 
positive.

For  additional  information  on  human  capital  matters,  please  see  our  most  recent  ESG  report,  available  for  download  on  our 
website at www.vno.com and in digital format at esg.vno.com. This report and other information on our website are not incorporated 
by reference into and do not form any part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

COMPETITION

We  compete  with  a  large  number  of  real  estate  investors,  property  owners  and  developers,  some  of  whom  may  be  willing  to 
accept lower returns on their investments. Principal factors of competition are rents charged, sales prices, attractiveness of location, the 
quality of the property and the breadth and the quality of services provided. Our success depends upon, among other factors, trends of 
the global, national, regional and local economies, the financial condition and operating results of current and prospective tenants and 
customers, availability and cost of capital, construction and renovation costs, taxes, governmental regulations, legislation, population 
and employment trends. See "Risk Factors" in Item 1A for additional information regarding these factors.

SEGMENT DATA

We operate in the following reportable segments: New York and Other. Financial information related to these reportable segments 
for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is set forth in Note 23 – Segment Information to our consolidated financial 
statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

TENANTS ACCOUNTING FOR OVER 10% OF REVENUES 

None of our tenants accounted for more than 10% of total revenues in any of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

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CERTAIN ACTIVITIES

We  do  not  base  our  acquisitions  and  investments  on  specific  allocations  by  type  of  property.  We  have  historically  held  our 
properties for long-term investment; however, it is possible that properties in our portfolio may be sold or otherwise disposed of when 
circumstances warrant. Further, we have not adopted a policy that limits the amount or percentage of assets which could be invested in 
a specific property or property type. Generally our activities are reviewed and may be modified from time to time by Vornado’s Board 
of Trustees without the vote of our shareholders or Operating Partnership unitholders.

PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES 

Our principal executive offices are located at 888 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019; telephone (212) 894-7000.

MATERIALS AVAILABLE ON OUR WEBSITE

Copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to 
those reports, as well as Reports on Forms 3, 4 and 5 regarding officers, trustees or 10% beneficial owners, filed or furnished pursuant 
to  Section  13(a),  15(d)  or  16(a)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  are  available  free  of  charge  through  our  website 
(www.vno.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange 
Commission. Also available on our website are copies of our Audit Committee Charter, Compensation Committee Charter, Corporate 
Governance and Nominating Committee Charter, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and Corporate Governance Guidelines. In the 
event of any changes to these charters or the code or guidelines, changed copies will also be made available on our website. Copies of 
these  documents  are  also  available  directly  from  us  free  of  charge.  Our  website  also  includes  other  financial  and  non-financial 
information, including certain non-GAAP financial measures, none of which is a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Copies of 
our filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are also available free of charge from us, upon request.

ITEM 1A.  

RISK FACTORS

Material factors that may adversely affect our business, operations and financial condition are summarized below. We refer to the 
equity  and  debt  securities  of  both  Vornado  and  the  Operating  Partnership  as  our  “securities”  and  the  investors  who  own  shares  of 
Vornado or units of the Operating Partnership, or both, as our “equity holders.” The risks and uncertainties described herein may not 
be the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial 
may  also  adversely  affect  our  business,  operations  and  financial  condition.  See  “Forward-Looking  Statements”  contained  herein  on 
page 6.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR PROPERTIES AND INDUSTRY

We may be adversely affected by trends in office real estate, including work from home trends.

In 2022, approximately 77% of our net operating income (“NOI” a non-GAAP measure) is from our office properties. Work from 
home,  flexible  or  hybrid  work  schedules,  open  workplaces,  videoconferencing,  and  teleconferencing  are  becoming  more  common, 
particularly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in tenant space utilization, including increased acceptance of work from 
home and flexible work arrangement policies, may cause office tenants to reassess their long-term physical space needs, which could 
have an adverse effect on our business.

A  significant  portion  of  our  properties  is  located  in  the  New  York  City  Metropolitan  area  and  is  affected  by  the  economic 

cycles and risks inherent to this area.

In 2022, approximately 86% of our NOI is from properties located in the New York City metropolitan area. We may continue to 
concentrate  a  significant  portion  of  our  future  acquisitions,  development  and  redevelopment  in  this  area.  Real  estate  markets  are 
subject  to  economic  downturns  and  we  cannot  predict  how  economic  conditions  will  impact  this  market  in  either  the  short  or  long 
term. Declines in the economy or declines in real estate markets in the New York City metropolitan area, including the effects of the 
COVID-19 pandemic, have hurt and could continue to hurt our financial performance and the value of our properties. In addition to 
the factors affecting the national economic condition generally, the factors affecting economic conditions in this region include:

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financial  performance  and  productivity  of  the  media,  advertising,  professional  services,  financial,  technology,  retail, 
insurance and real estate industries;
business layoffs or downsizing;
any oversupply of, or reduced demand for, real estate;
industry slowdowns;
the effects of inflation and rising interest rates;
relocations of businesses;
changing demographics;
increased work from home and use of alternative work places;
changes  in  the  number  of  domestic  and  international  tourists  to  our  markets  (including  as  a  result  of  changes  in  the 
relative strengths of world currencies and the COVID-19 pandemic);
the fiscal health of New York State and New York City governments and local transit authorities, particularly as a result 
of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; 

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quality of life conditions;
infrastructure quality;
increased government regulation and costs of complying with such regulations; and
changes in rates or the treatment of the deductibility of state and local taxes.

It is impossible for us to ensure the accuracy of predictions of the future or the effect of trends in the economic and investment 
climates of the geographic areas in which we concentrate, and more generally of the United States, or the real estate markets in these 
areas.  Local,  national  or  global  economic  downturns  could  negatively  affect  the  value  of  our  properties,  our  businesses  and 
profitability.

We are subject to risks that affect the general and New York City retail environments.

In 2022, approximately 18% of our NOI is from Manhattan retail properties. These properties are affected by the general and New 
York  City  retail  environments,  including  office  and  residential  occupancy  rates,  the  level  of  consumer  spending  and  consumer 
confidence,  Manhattan  tourism,  employer  remote-working  policies,  the  threat  of  terrorism  or  other  criminal  acts,  increasing 
competition from online retailers, other retail centers, and the impact of technological change upon the retail environment generally. 
Furthermore,  New  York  City  tourism  has  not  yet  fully  recovered  from  the  effects  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  The  decline  in 
international tourists, who comprise a major source of demand for our Manhattan retail tenants, has adversely affected such tenants. 
These factors could adversely affect the financial condition of our retail tenants, or result in the bankruptcy of such tenants, and the 
willingness of retailers to lease space in our retail locations, which could have an adverse effect on the value of our properties, our 
business and profitability.

Our performance and the value of an investment in us are subject to risks associated with our real estate assets and with the 

real estate industry.

The value of our real estate and the value of an investment in us fluctuates depending on conditions in the general economy and 

the real estate business. These conditions may also adversely impact our revenues and cash flows.
The factors that affect the value of our real estate investments include, among other things:

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global, national, regional and local economic conditions;
competition from other available space, including co-working space and sub-leases;
local conditions such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for real estate in the area;
how well we manage our properties;
the development and/or redevelopment of our properties;
changes in market rental rates;
trends  in  office  real  estate,  including  many  tenants’  preferences  for  space  in  modern  amenitized  buildings  which  may 
require the landlord to incur significant capital expenditures;
increased competition from online shopping and its impact on retail tenants and their demand for retail space;
the timing and costs associated with property improvements and rentals;
whether we are able to pass all or portions of any increases in operating costs through to tenants;
changes in real estate taxes and other expenses;
the ability of state and local governments to operate within their budgets;
whether tenants and users such as customers and shoppers consider a property attractive;
changes in consumer preferences adversely affecting retailers and retail store values;
changes in tenant space utilization;
the financial condition of our tenants, including the extent of tenant bankruptcies or defaults;
consequences of any armed conflict involving, or terrorist attacks against, the United States or individual acts of violence 
in public spaces;
availability of financing on acceptable terms or at all;
inflation or deflation;
fluctuations in interest rates;
our ability to obtain adequate insurance;
changes in zoning laws and taxation;
government regulation;
potential liability under environmental or other laws or regulations;
natural disasters;
general competitive factors;
climate change; and
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or outbreaks of other infectious diseases.

The rents or sales proceeds we receive and the occupancy levels at our properties may decline as a result of adverse changes in 
any of these factors. If rental revenues, sales proceeds and/or occupancy levels decline, we generally would expect to have less cash 
available  for  operating  costs,  to  pay  indebtedness  and  for  distribution  to  equity  holders.  In  addition,  some  of  our  major  expenses, 

12

including  mortgage  payments,  real  estate  taxes  and  maintenance  costs  generally  do  not  decline  when  the  related  rents  decline  and 
maintenance costs can increase substantially in an inflationary environment. These factors may cause the value of our real estate assets 
to decline, which may result in non-cash impairment charges and the impact could be material.
Real estate is a competitive business and that competition may adversely impact us.

We  compete  with  a  large  number  of  real  estate  investors,  property  owners  and  developers,  some  of  whom  may  be  willing  to 
accept lower returns on their investments. Principal factors of competition are rents charged, sales prices, attractiveness of location, the 
quality of the property and the breadth and the quality of services provided. Substantially all of our properties face competition from 
similar  properties  in  the  same  market,  which  may  adversely  impact  the  rents  we  can  charge  at  those  properties  and  our  results  of 
operations.

Our commercial office properties are located primarily in highly developed areas of the New York metropolitan area. Manhattan 
is  the  largest  office  market  in  the  United  States.  The  number  of  competitive  office  properties  in  the  New  York  metropolitan  area, 
which may be newer or better located than our properties, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to lease office space at 
our properties and on the effective rents we are able to charge.

We depend on leasing space to tenants on economically favorable terms and collecting rent from tenants who may not be able 

to pay.

Our  financial  results  depend  significantly  on  leasing  space  in  our  properties  to  tenants  on  economically  favorable  terms.  In 
addition, because a majority of our income comes from renting of real property, our income, funds available to pay indebtedness and 
funds available for distribution to equity holders will decrease if a significant number of our tenants cannot pay their rent or if we are 
not able to maintain occupancy levels on favorable terms. If a tenant does not pay its rent, we may not be able to enforce our rights as 
landlord without delays and may incur substantial legal and other costs. Even if we are able to enforce our rights, a tenant may not 
have recoverable assets.

We may be unable to renew leases, lease vacant space or relet space as leases expire on favorable terms.

When our tenants decide not to renew their leases upon their expiration, we may not be able to relet the space. Even if tenants do 
renew or we can relet the space, the terms of renewal or reletting, considering among other things, rent and other concessions, the cost 
of  improvements  to  the  property  and  leasing  commissions,  may  be  less  favorable  than  the  terms  in  the  expired  leases.  In  addition, 
changes in space utilization by our tenants may impact our ability to renew or relet space without the need to incur substantial costs in 
renovating  or  redesigning  the  internal  configuration  of  the  relevant  property  and/or  space.  If  we  are  unable  to  promptly  renew  the 
leases or relet the space at similar rates or if we incur substantial costs in renewing or reletting the space, our cash flow and ability to 
service debt obligations and pay dividends and distributions to equity holders could be adversely affected.
Bankruptcy or insolvency of tenants may decrease our revenue, net income and available cash.

From time to time, some of our tenants have declared bankruptcy, and other tenants may declare bankruptcy, become insolvent or 
experience a material business downturn adversely affecting their ability to make timely rental payments in the future. The bankruptcy 
or  insolvency  of  a  major  tenant  may  delay  our  efforts  to  collect  past  due  balances  under  the  relevant  leases  and  could  ultimately 
preclude collection of these amounts altogether. As a result, the bankruptcy or insolvency of, or nonpayment by, a major tenant could 
cause  us  to  suffer  lower  revenues  and  operational  difficulties,  including  leasing  the  remainder  of  the  property,  which  could  in  turn 
result in decreased net income and funds available to pay our indebtedness or make distributions to equity holders.

Our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows have been and may continue to be adversely affected by 

the COVID-19 pandemic or future outbreaks of other highly infectious diseases.

Our  business  has  been,  and  may  continue  to  be,  adversely  affected  by  the  economic  and  industry  challenges  created  by  the 
COVID-19  pandemic  and  preventive  measures  taken  to  curb  the  spread  of  the  virus.  While  substantially  all  of  the  limitations  and 
restrictions imposed during the onset of the pandemic have been lifted and/or eased and people have largely resumed pre-pandemic 
activities, economic conditions continue to negatively impact the financial health of our retail tenants. The impact of such conditions 
could cause retailers to continue to reduce the number and size of their physical locations and further increase reliance on e-commerce. 
Additionally, office tenants may see further delays in employee return-to-work plans as a result of the continued risks of the pandemic 
and further dependence on work from home and flexible work arrangements. This may lead our office tenants to reassess their long-
term  physical  space  needs.  If  the  COVID-19  virus  or  another  more  contagious  variant  or  disease  were  to  spread,  governmental 
agencies and other authorities may reorder closures or reimpose restrictions on businesses, which could further negatively impact the 
financial  condition  of  our  tenants.  Over  time,  these  factors  could  decrease  the  demand  for  office  and  retail  space  and  ultimately 
decrease occupancy and/or rent levels across our portfolio, which may have a negative impact on our financial condition and/or access 
to  capital.  We  may  continue  to  experience  material  impacts  to  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  operating  results  due  to  the 
COVID-19  pandemic  or  variants  or  future  outbreaks  of  other  highly  infectious  diseases  and  those  impacts  may  have  the  effect  of 
heightening other risks described under this heading “Risk Factors.”
Some of our potential losses may not be covered by insurance.

For our properties, we maintain general liability insurance with limits of $300,000,000 per occurrence and per property, of which 
$250,000,000  includes  communicable  disease  coverage,  and  we  maintain  all  risk  property  and  rental  value  insurance  with  limits  of 

13

$2.0 billion per occurrence, with sub-limits for certain perils such as flood and earthquake, excluding communicable disease coverage.  
Our California properties have earthquake insurance with coverage of $350,000,000 per occurrence and in the aggregate, subject to a 
deductible in the amount of 5% of the value of the affected property. We maintain coverage for certified terrorism acts with limits of 
$6.0 billion per occurrence and in the aggregate (as listed below), $1.2 billion for non-certified acts of terrorism, and $5.0 billion per 
occurrence and in the aggregate for terrorism involving nuclear, biological, chemical and radiological (“NBCR”) terrorism events, as 
defined by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, as amended to date and which has been extended through December 2027.

Penn Plaza Insurance Company, LLC (“PPIC”), our wholly owned consolidated subsidiary, acts as a re-insurer with respect to a 
portion of all risk property and rental value insurance and a portion of our earthquake insurance coverage, and as a direct insurer for 
coverage for acts of terrorism including NBCR acts. Coverage for acts of terrorism (excluding NBCR acts) is fully reinsured by third 
party  insurance  companies  and  the  Federal  government  with  no  exposure  to  PPIC.  For  NBCR  acts,  PPIC  is  responsible  for  a 
deductible  of  $1,774,525  and  20%  of  the  balance  of  a  covered  loss  and  the  Federal  government  is  responsible  for  the  remaining 
portion of a covered loss. We are ultimately responsible for any loss incurred by PPIC.

Certain  condominiums  in  which  we  own  an  interest  (including  the  Farley  Condominiums)  maintain  insurance  policies  with 

different per occurrence and aggregate limits than our policies described above.

We  continue  to  monitor  the  state  of  the  insurance  market  and  the  scope  and  costs  of  coverage  for  acts  of  terrorism  and  other 
events.  However,  we  cannot  anticipate  what  coverage  will  be  available  on  commercially  reasonable  terms  in  the  future.  We  are 
responsible for uninsured losses and for deductibles and losses in excess of our insurance coverage, which could adversely affect our 
business, results of operations and financial condition, the impact of which could be material.

Actual or threatened terrorist attacks or other criminal acts may adversely affect the value of our properties and our ability to 

generate cash flow.

We have significant investments in the New York City, Chicago and San Francisco metropolitan areas. In response to a terrorist 
attack, the perceived threat of terrorism, or other criminal acts, tenants in these areas may choose to relocate their businesses to less 
populated, lower-profile areas of the United States that may be perceived to be less likely targets of future terrorist activity or have 
lower rates of crime and fewer customers may choose to patronize businesses in these areas. This, in turn, would trigger a decrease in 
the demand for space in these areas, which could increase vacancies in our properties and force us to lease space on less favorable 
terms. Furthermore, we may experience increased costs in security, equipment and personnel. As a result, the value of our properties 
and the level of our revenues and cash flows could decline materially.

Natural disasters and the effects of climate change could have a concentrated impact on the areas where we operate and could 

adversely impact our results.

Our investments are concentrated in the New York, Chicago and San Francisco metropolitan areas. Natural disasters, including 
earthquakes,  storms,  tornados,  floods  and  hurricanes,  could  cause  significant  damage  to  our  properties  and  the  surrounding 
environment or area. Potentially adverse consequences of climate change, including rising sea levels, extreme weather, and increased 
flooding,  could  similarly  have  an  impact  on  our  properties  and  the  economies  of  the  metropolitan  areas  in  which  we  operate. 
Government efforts to combat climate change may impact the cost of operating our properties. Over time, these conditions could result 
in declining demand for office and retail space in our buildings or the inability of us to operate the buildings at all. Climate change 
may also have indirect effects on our business by increasing the cost of (or making unavailable) property insurance on terms we find 
acceptable,  increasing  the  cost  of  energy  at  our  properties  and  requiring  us  to  expend  funds  as  we  seek  to  repair  and  protect  our 
properties against such risks. The incurrence of these losses, costs or business interruptions may adversely affect our operating and 
financial results.

Our properties are located in urban areas, which means the vitality of our properties is reliant on sound transportation and utility 
infrastructure.  If  that  infrastructure  is  compromised  in  any  way  by  an  extreme  weather  event,  such  a  compromise  could  have  an 
adverse impact on our local economies and populations, as well as on our tenants’ ability to do business in our buildings.

Our properties are subject to transitional risks related to climate-related policy change.

De-carbonization  of  grid-supplied  energy  could  lead  to  increased  energy  costs  and  operating  expenses  for  our  buildings. 
Retrofitting our building systems to consume less energy could lead to increased capital costs. Buildings which consume fossil fuel 
onsite may be subject to penalties in the future. In addition, the full transition of grid-supplied energy to renewable sources (as has 
been mandated by the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act in New York State) could lead to increased energy costs and 
operating expenses for our buildings.

We may become subject to costs, taxes or penalties, or increases therein, associated with natural resource or energy usage, such as 
a “carbon tax” and by local legislation such as New York City’s Local Law 97, which sets limits on carbon emissions in our buildings 
and imposes penalties if we exceed those limits, and New York City’s Intro 2317, or the “gas ban” bill, which limits any onsite fossil 
fuel  combustion  in  new  construction  and  major  renovations.  These  costs,  taxes  or  penalties  could  increase  our  operating  costs  and 
decrease the cash available to pay our obligations or distribute to our equity owners.

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Changes to tax laws could affect REITs generally, the trading of our shares and our results of operations, both positively and 

negatively, in ways that are difficult to anticipate.

The  rules  dealing  with  U.S.  federal,  state  and  local  income  taxation  are  constantly  under  review  by  persons  involved  in  the 
legislative  process  and  by  the  IRS  and  the  Treasury  Department.  Changes  to  tax  laws  (which  changes  may  have  retroactive 
application) could adversely affect the taxation of REITs and their shareholders. We cannot predict whether, when, in what form, or 
with what effective dates, tax laws, regulations and rulings may be enacted, promulgated or decided, or technical corrections made, 
which could result in an increase in our, or our shareholders’, tax liability or require changes in the manner in which we operate in 
order to minimize increases in our tax liability. If such changes occur, we may be required to pay additional taxes on our assets or 
income and/or be subject to additional restrictions. These increased tax costs could, among other things, adversely affect the trading 
price for our common shares, our financial condition, our results of operations and the amount of cash available for the payment of 
dividends.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR OPERATIONS AND STRATEGIES

Significant inflation and continuing increases in the inflation rate could adversely affect our business and financial results.

Recent substantial increases in the rate of inflation and potential future elevated rates of inflation, both real and anticipated, may 
impact our investments and results of operations. In a highly inflationary environment, we may be unable to raise rental rates at or 
above the rate of inflation, which could reduce our profit margins. In addition, our cost of labor and materials could increase, which 
could have an adverse impact on our business and financial results. Increased inflation could also adversely affect us by increasing 
costs of construction and renovation. While increases in most operating expenses at our properties can be passed on to our office and 
retail tenants, some tenants have fixed reimbursement charges and expenses at our residential properties may not be able to be passed 
on to residential tenants. Unreimbursed increased operating expenses may reduce cash flow available for payment of mortgage debt 
and interest and for distributions to shareholders.

We face risks associated with property acquisitions.

We have acquired in the past and intend to continue to pursue the acquisition of properties and portfolios of properties, including, 
but not limited to, large portfolios that would increase our size and could result in alterations to our capital structure. Furthermore, 
from  time  to  time  we  have  made,  and  in  the  future  we  may  seek  to  make  one  or  more,  material  acquisitions  that  we  believe  will 
maximize  shareholder  value.  However,  an  announcement  by  us  of  one  or  more  significant  acquisitions  could  result  in  a  quick  and 
significant decline in the price of our securities. Our acquisition activities and their success are subject to the following risks:

•

•
•
•

•

•

•

•

•

we may be unable to complete an acquisition of a property or portfolio even after entering into an acquisition agreement, 
making a non-refundable deposit and incurring certain other acquisition-related costs;
we may be unable to obtain or assume financing for acquisitions on favorable terms or at all;
acquired properties may fail to perform as expected;
the actual costs of repositioning, redeveloping or maintaining acquired properties may be greater than our estimates and 
may require significantly greater time and attention of management than anticipated;
the acquisition agreement will likely contain conditions to closing, including completion of due diligence investigations 
to our satisfaction or other conditions that are not within our control, which may not be satisfied;
acquired properties may be located in new markets where we may face risks associated with a lack of market knowledge 
or understanding of the local economy, lack of business relationships in the area, costs associated with opening a new 
regional office and unfamiliarity with local governmental and permitting procedures;
we may acquire real estate through the acquisition of the ownership entity subjecting us to the risks of that entity and we 
may be exposed to the liabilities of properties or companies acquired, some of which we may not be aware of at the time 
of acquisition; 
we  may  face  competition  for  acquisition  opportunities  from  other  well-capitalized  investors,  including  publicly  traded 
and privately held REITs, private real estate funds, domestic and foreign financial institutions, life insurance companies, 
sovereign  wealth  funds,  pension  trusts,  partnerships  and  individual  investors,  which  may  cause  an  increase  in  the 
purchase price for a desired acquisition property or result in a competitor acquiring the desired property instead of us; 
and
we  may  be  unable  to  quickly  and  efficiently  integrate  new  acquisitions,  particularly  acquisitions  of  portfolios  of 
properties, into our existing operations, and this could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial 
condition.

Any  delay  or  failure  on  our  part  to  identify,  negotiate,  finance  and  consummate  such  acquisitions  in  a  timely  manner  and  on 
favorable terms, or operate acquired properties to meet our financial expectations, could impede our growth and have an adverse effect 
on us, including our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and the market value of our securities. If we are unable to 
successfully acquire additional properties, our ability to grow our business could be adversely affected.

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We are exposed to risks associated with property development, redevelopment and repositioning that could adversely affect us, 

including our financial condition and results of operations. 

We  are  the  owner  of  numerous  development  sites  and  continue  to  engage  in  redevelopment  and  repositioning  activities  with 
respect  to  our  properties,  and,  accordingly,  we  are  subject  to  certain  risks,  which  could  adversely  affect  us,  including  our  financial 
condition and results of operations. These risks include, without limitation, (i) the availability and pricing of financing on favorable 
terms or at all; (ii) the availability and timely receipt of zoning and other regulatory approvals; (iii) cost overruns, especially in the 
current  inflationary  environment,  and  untimely  completion  of  construction  (including  risks  beyond  our  control,  such  as  weather  or 
labor  conditions,  material  shortages  or  supply  chain  delays);  (iv)  the  potential  for  the  fluctuation  of  occupancy  rates  and  rents  at 
redeveloped properties, which may result in our investment not being profitable; (v) start up, repositioning and redevelopment costs 
may be higher than anticipated; (vi) the potential that we may fail to recover expenses already incurred if we abandon development or 
redevelopment opportunities after we begin to explore them; (vii) the potential that we may expend funds on and devote management 
time to projects which we do not complete; (viii) the inability to complete leasing of a property on schedule or at all, resulting in an 
increase in carrying or redevelopment costs; (ix) the possibility that properties will be leased at below expected rental rates and (x) to 
the extent the redevelopment activities are conducted in partnership with third parties, the possibility of disputes with our joint venture 
development  partners  and  the  potential  that  we  miss  certain  project  milestone  deadlines.  These  risks  could  result  in  substantial 
unanticipated  delays  or  expenses,  prevent  the  initiation  or  the  completion  of  redevelopment  activities  or  reduce  the  ultimate  rents 
achieved on new developments. These outcomes could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash 
flow, the market value of our common shares and ability to satisfy our principal and interest obligations and to make distributions to 
our shareholders.

It may be difficult to sell real estate on a timely basis, which may limit our flexibility.

Real  estate  investments  are  relatively  illiquid.  Consequently,  we  may  have  limited  ability  to  dispose  of  assets  in  our  portfolio 
promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions which could have an adverse effect on our sources of working capital 
and our ability to satisfy our debt obligations.

We may not be able to effectively operate our business if we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel due to a tight 

labor market in areas in which we operate.

Our success depends on our ability to continue to attract, retain, and motivate qualified personnel. The U.S. job market continues 
to experience labor shortages and employee resignations at elevated levels. Factors impacting the labor shortage include demand for 
flexible  working  hours  and  remote  work,  higher  pay  from  competitors,  people  leaving  the  workforce  entirely,  enhanced 
unemployment  insurance  benefits  and  many  other  factors.  The  increased  ability  and  desire  of  employees  in  the  workforce  to  work 
from home or in other remote work arrangements has made it and may continue to make it more difficult for us to compete in the job 
market.  In  addition,  we  may  find  it  difficult  to  attract  and  retain  employees  in  New  York  City,  where  our  corporate  office  and  a 
significant portion of our properties are located. Our inability to attract, retain, and motivate qualified personnel, could have a material 
adverse effect on our ability to operate our business.

We may not be permitted to dispose of certain properties or pay down the debt associated with those properties when we might 
otherwise desire to do so without incurring additional costs. In addition, when we dispose of or sell assets, we may not be able to 
reinvest the sales proceeds and earn similar returns.

As part of an acquisition of a property, or a portfolio of properties, we may agree, and in the past have agreed, not to dispose of 
the acquired properties or reduce the mortgage indebtedness for a long-term period, unless we pay certain of the resulting tax costs of 
the seller. These agreements could result in us holding on to properties that we would otherwise sell and not pay down or refinance. In 
addition,  when  we  dispose  of  or  sell  assets,  we  may  not  be  able  to  reinvest  the  sales  proceeds  and  earn  returns  similar  to  those 
generated by the assets that were sold.

From time to time we have made, and in the future we may seek to make investments in companies over which we do not have 

sole control. Some of these companies operate in industries with different risks than investing and operating real estate.

From time to time we have made, and in the future we may seek to make, investments in companies that we may not control, 
including, but not limited to, Alexander’s, our Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV, and other equity and loan investments. Although 
these  businesses  generally  have  a  significant  real  estate  component,  some  of  them  operate  in  businesses  that  are  different  from 
investing and operating real estate. Consequently, we are subject to operating and financial risks of those industries and to the risks 
associated with lack of control, such as having differing objectives than our partners or the entities in which we invest, or becoming 
involved in disputes, or competing directly or indirectly with these partners or entities. In addition, we rely on the internal controls and 
financial  reporting  controls  of  these  entities  and  their  failure  to  maintain  effectiveness  or  comply  with  applicable  standards  may 
adversely affect us.

We are subject to risks involved in real estate activity through joint ventures and private equity real estate funds.

We currently own properties through joint ventures and private equity real estate funds with other persons and entities and may in 
the  future  acquire  or  own  properties  through  joint  ventures  and  funds  when  we  believe  circumstances  warrant  the  use  of  such 
structures. Joint venture and fund investments involve risk, including: the possibility that our partners might refuse to make capital 

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contributions when due and therefore we may be forced to make contributions to maintain the value of the property; that we may be 
responsible  to  our  partners  for  indemnifiable  losses;  that  our  partners  might  at  any  time  have  business  or  economic  goals  that  are 
inconsistent with ours; that third parties may be hesitant or refuse to transact with the joint venture or fund due to the identity of our 
partners; and that our partners may be in a position to take action or withhold consent contrary to our recommendations, instructions or 
requests.  We  and  our  respective  joint  venture  partners  may  each  have  the  right  to  trigger  a  buy-sell,  put  right  or  forced  sale 
arrangement, which could cause us to sell our interest, or acquire our partner’s interest, or to sell the underlying asset, at a time when 
we  otherwise  would  not  have  initiated  such  a  transaction,  without  our  consent  or  on  unfavorable  terms.  In  some  instances,  joint 
venture  and  fund  partners  may  have  competing  interests  in  our  markets  that  could  create  conflicts  of  interest.  These  conflicts  may 
include compliance with the REIT requirements, and our REIT status could be jeopardized if any of our joint ventures or funds do not 
operate in compliance with REIT requirements. To the extent our partners do not meet their obligations to us or our joint ventures or 
funds, or they take action inconsistent with the interests of the joint venture or fund, we may be adversely affected.

We are exposed to risks related to our properties that are subject to ground leases arrangements which could adversely affect 

our results of operations.

We are the lessee under long-term ground lease arrangements at certain of our properties. Unless we purchase a fee interest in the 
underlying land or extend the terms of these leases prior to expiration, we will no longer operate these properties upon expiration of 
the  leases,  which  could  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  Furthermore,  rent  payments  under  such 
leasehold interests are periodically adjusted pursuant to the relevant contractual arrangements and may result in significantly higher 
rents that could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operation. Additionally, due to the greater risk in a loan secured 
by  a  leasehold  interest  than  a  loan  secured  by  a  fee  interest,  we  face  risks  related  to  the  availability  and  pricing  of  financing  on 
favorable terms or at all for such ground leasehold interests.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR INDEBTEDNESS AND ACCESS TO CAPITAL

Capital markets and economic conditions can materially affect our liquidity, financial condition and results of operations as 

well as the value of an investment in our debt and equity securities.

There are many factors that can affect the value of our debt and equity securities, including the state of the capital markets and the 
economy. Demand for office and retail space typically declines nationwide due to an economic downturn, bankruptcies, downsizing, 
layoffs and cost cutting. Government action or inaction may adversely affect the state of the capital markets. The cost and availability 
of credit may be adversely affected by illiquid credit markets and wider credit spreads, which may adversely affect our liquidity and 
financial condition, including our results of operations, and the liquidity and financial condition of our tenants. Our inability or the 
inability of our tenants to timely refinance maturing liabilities and access the capital markets to meet liquidity needs may materially 
affect our financial condition and results of operations and the value of our securities.

We  have  outstanding  debt,  and  the  amount  of  debt  and  its  cost  may  increase  and  refinancing  may  not  be  available  on 

acceptable terms.

We rely on both secured and unsecured, variable rate and non-variable rate debt to finance acquisitions and development activities 
and  for  working  capital.  If  we  are  unable  to  obtain  debt  financing  or  refinance  existing  indebtedness  upon  maturity,  our  financial 
condition  and  results  of  operations  would  likely  be  adversely  affected.  In  addition,  the  current  rising  interest  rate  environment  has 
increased  the  interest  payable  on  our  variable  rate  debt  that  is  not  subject  to  interest  rate  swap  and  cap  arrangements,  reducing  our 
operating cash flows. While certain of our debt is fixed by interest rate swap arrangements, the arrangements typically expire earlier 
than the mortgage loan maturity, resulting in future exposure to rising interest rates, which could further reduce our available cash. If 
the cost or amount of our indebtedness continues to increase or we cannot refinance our debt in sufficient amounts or on acceptable 
terms, we are at risk of credit rating downgrades and default on our obligations that could adversely affect our financial condition and 
results of operations.

We may not be able to obtain capital to make investments.

We  depend  primarily  on  external  financing  to  fund  the  growth  of  our  business.  This  is  because  one  of  the  requirements  of  the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for a REIT is that it distributes 90% of its taxable income, excluding net capital gains, to 
its  shareholders.  This,  in  turn,  requires  the  Operating  Partnership  to  make  distributions  to  its  unitholders.  There  is  a  separate 
requirement to distribute net capital gains or pay a corporate level tax in lieu thereof. Our access to debt or equity financing depends 
on the willingness of third parties to lend or make equity investments and on conditions in the capital markets generally. Although we 
believe that we will be able to finance any investments we may wish to make in the foreseeable future, there can be no assurance that 
new  financing  will  be  available  or  available  on  acceptable  terms.  For  information  about  our  available  sources  of  funds,  see 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” and 
the notes to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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We depend on dividends and distributions from our direct and indirect subsidiaries. The creditors and preferred equity holders 
of these subsidiaries are entitled to amounts payable to them by the subsidiaries before the subsidiaries may pay any dividends or 
distributions to us.

Substantially all of Vornado’s assets are held through its Operating Partnership that holds substantially all of its properties and 
assets through subsidiaries. The Operating Partnership’s cash flow is dependent on cash distributions to it by its subsidiaries, and in 
turn, substantially all of Vornado’s cash flow is dependent on cash distributions to it by the Operating Partnership. The creditors of 
each  of  Vornado’s  direct  and  indirect  subsidiaries  are  entitled  to  payment  of  that  subsidiary’s  obligations  to  them,  when  due  and 
payable, before distributions may be made by that subsidiary to its equity holders. Thus, the Operating Partnership’s ability to make 
distributions to its equity holders depends on its subsidiaries’ ability first to satisfy their obligations to their creditors and then to make 
distributions to the Operating Partnership. Consequently, Vornado’s ability to pay dividends to its holders of common and preferred 
shares depends on the Operating Partnership’s ability first to satisfy its obligations to its creditors and make distributions to holders of 
its preferred units and then to make distributions to Vornado.

Furthermore,  the  holders  of  preferred  units  of  the  Operating  Partnership  are  entitled  to  receive  preferred  distributions  before 
payment  of  distributions  to  the  Operating  Partnership’s  equity  holders,  including  Vornado.  Thus,  Vornado’s  ability  to  pay  cash 
dividends  to  its  equity  holders  and  satisfy  its  debt  obligations  depends  on  the  Operating  Partnership’s  ability  first  to  satisfy  its 
obligations to its creditors and make distributions to holders of its preferred units and then to its equity holders, including Vornado. As 
of  December  31,  2022,  there  were  six  series  of  preferred  units  of  the  Operating  Partnership  not  held  by  Vornado  with  a  total 
liquidation value of $52,918,000.

In  addition,  Vornado’s  participation  in  any  distribution  of  the  assets  of  any  of  its  direct  or  indirect  subsidiaries  upon  the 
liquidation, reorganization or insolvency is only after the claims of the creditors, including trade creditors and preferred equity holders, 
are satisfied.

We have a substantial amount of indebtedness that could affect our future operations.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  our  consolidated  mortgages  and  unsecured  indebtedness,  excluding  related  premium,  discount  and 
deferred financing costs, totaled $8.5 billion. We are subject to the risks normally associated with debt financing, including the risk 
that our cash flow from operations will be insufficient to meet our required debt service. Our debt service costs generally will not be 
reduced if developments in the market or at our properties, such as the entry of new competitors or the loss of major tenants, cause a 
reduction  in  the  income  from  our  properties.  Should  such  events  occur,  our  operations  may  be  adversely  affected.  If  a  property  is 
mortgaged  to  secure  payment  of  indebtedness  and  income  from  such  property  is  insufficient  to  pay  that  indebtedness,  the  property 
could be foreclosed upon by the mortgagee resulting in a loss of income and a decline in our total asset value.
The hedge instruments we may use to manage our exposure to interest rate volatility involve risks.

The interest rate hedge instruments we may use to manage some of our exposure to interest rate volatility involve risks, including 
the risk that counterparties may fail to perform under these arrangements. If interest rates were to fall, these arrangements may cause 
us  to  pay  higher  interest  on  our  debt  obligations  than  would  otherwise  be  the  case.  In  addition,  the  use  of  such  instruments  may 
generate income that may not be treated as qualifying REIT income for purposes of the 75% gross income test or 95% gross income 
test. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that our hedging arrangements will qualify as “highly effective” cash flow hedges under 
applicable accounting standards. If our hedges do not qualify as “highly effective,” the changes in the fair value of these instruments 
would be reflected in our results of operations and could adversely impact our earnings.

Covenants  in  our  debt  instruments  could  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  our  acquisitions  and  development 

activities.

The mortgages on our properties contain customary covenants such as those that limit our ability, without the prior consent of the 
applicable lender, to further mortgage the applicable property or to discontinue insurance coverage. Our unsecured indebtedness and 
debt that we may obtain in the future may contain customary restrictions, requirements and other limitations on our ability to incur 
indebtedness, including covenants that limit our ability to incur debt based upon the levels of certain ratios including total debt to total 
assets, secured debt to total assets, EBITDA to interest expense, and fixed charges, and that require us to maintain a certain ratio of 
unencumbered assets to unsecured debt. Our ability to borrow is subject to compliance with these and other covenants. In addition, 
failure to comply with our covenants could cause a default under the applicable debt instrument, and we may then be required to repay 
such debt with capital from such other sources or give possession of a secured property to the lender. Under those circumstances, other 
sources of capital may not be available to us or may be available only on unattractive terms.

In addition, our debt instruments contain customary covenants requiring us to maintain insurance. Although we believe that we 
have adequate insurance coverage for purposes of these agreements, we may not be able to obtain an equivalent amount of coverage at 
reasonable costs in the future. Further, if lenders insist on greater coverage than we are able to obtain it could result in acceleration of 
repayment of such debt instruments and adversely affect our ability to finance or refinance our properties and expand our portfolio.

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A downgrade in our credit ratings could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.

Our credit rating and the credit ratings assigned to our debt securities and our preferred shares could change based upon, among 
other things, our results of operations and financial condition. Currently, our senior debt is rated BBB- by Fitch, Baa3 by Moody’s and 
BBB-  by  S&P.  These  ratings  are  subject  to  ongoing  evaluation  by  credit  rating  agencies,  and  any  rating  could  be  changed  or 
withdrawn by a rating agency in the future if, in its judgment, circumstances warrant such action. Moreover, these credit ratings are 
not recommendations to buy, sell or hold our common shares or any other securities. If any of the credit rating agencies that have rated 
our  securities  downgrades  or  lowers  its  credit  rating,  particularly  to  non-investment  grade  status,  or  if  any  credit  rating  agency 
indicates that it has placed any such rating on a “watch list” for a possible downgrading or lowering, or otherwise indicates that its 
outlook  for  that  rating  is  negative,  such  action  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  costs  and  availability  of  funding.  For 
instance, if we fail to maintain the investment grade credit ratings assigned to our senior debt, the interest rates payable on outstanding 
debt under our unsecured term loan and revolving credit facilities would increase and we may be required to post additional collateral 
under certain of our existing loan agreements. Furthermore, any future lowering of our credit ratings or outlook would likely make it 
more difficult and/or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing. Our failure to maintain or improve our credit ratings 
could in turn have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, the trading/redemption price 
of our securities, and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations and to pay dividends and distributions to our equity holders.

We may be adversely affected by the discontinuation of London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR").

On  March  5,  2021,  the  United  Kingdom  Financial  Conduct  Authority  ("FCA")  announced  that  USD  LIBOR  will  no  longer  be 
published  after  June  30,  2023.  The  Secured  Overnight  Financing  Rate  ("SOFR")  has  been  identified  by  market  participants  as  the 
preferred  alternative  to  USD  LIBOR  in  derivatives  and  other  financial  contracts.  Our  new  floating  rate  loans  entered  into  after 
December 31, 2021 no longer reference to LIBOR and instead reference to SOFR or another floating rate.

As of December 31, 2022, we had consolidated variable rate debt indexed to LIBOR of $2.2 billion, with $840,000,000 subject to 
floating-to-fixed  interest  rate  swap  arrangements  and  $950,000,000  subject  to  interest  rate  cap  arrangements.  As  of  December  31, 
2022, our share of the variable rate debt indexed to LIBOR of our unconsolidated subsidiaries was $1.2 billion, with $301,000,000 
subject to floating-to-fixed interest rate swap arrangements and $710,000,000 subject to interest rate cap arrangements. The transition 
of our LIBOR-based obligations to SOFR could affect all-in interest rates on our debt and interest rate swap and cap arrangements and 
could result in interest payable that does not correlate over time with the interest that would be payable if LIBOR was available in its 
current form.

Certain  of  our  LIBOR-based  obligations  provide  for  alternative  methods  of  calculating  the  interest  rate  payable  (including 
transition to an alternative benchmark rate) if LIBOR is not reported, and we have entered into amendments to certain of our financing 
agreements  to  provide  for  alternative  benchmark  rates  upon  the  discontinuation  of  LIBOR.  However,  certain  of  our  LIBOR-based 
contracts  that  may  be  in  effect  upon  the  discontinuation  of  LIBOR  may  not  contain  fallback  language  in  the  event  LIBOR  is 
unavailable or permanently discontinued, and uncertainty as to the extent and manner of future changes may result in interest rates 
and/or payments that differ over time with the interest rates and/or payments that would have been made on our obligations if LIBOR 
was available in its current form.

The occurrence of cyber incidents, or a deficiency in our cyber security, as well as other disruptions of our IT networks and 
related systems, could negatively impact our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our 
confidential  information,  and/or  damage  to  our  business  relationships  or  reputation,  all  of  which  could  negatively  impact  our 
financial results.

We  face  risks  associated  with  security  breaches,  whether  through  cyber  attacks  or  cyber  intrusions  over  the  Internet,  malware, 
ransomware, computer viruses, attachments to e-mails, persons who access our systems from inside or outside our organization, and 
other significant disruptions of our IT networks and related systems. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through 
cyber attack or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as 
the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. Although we have 
not  experienced  cyber  incidents  that  are  individually,  or  in  the  aggregate,  material,  we  have  experienced  cyber  attacks  in  the  past, 
which have thus far been mitigated by preventative, detective, and responsive measures that we have put in place. Our IT networks 
and related systems are essential to the operation of our business and our ability to perform day-to-day operations (including managing 
our  building  systems)  and,  in  some  cases,  may  be  critical  to  the  operations  of  certain  of  our  tenants.  Although  we  make  efforts  to 
maintain the security and integrity of these types of IT networks and related systems, and we have implemented various measures to 
manage the risk of a security breach or disruption, there can be no assurance that our security efforts and measures will be effective or 
that attempted security breaches or disruptions would not be successful or damaging. Unauthorized parties, whether within or outside 
our company, may disrupt or gain access to our systems, or those of third parties with whom we do business, through human error, 
misfeasance,  fraud,  trickery,  or  other  forms  of  deceit,  including  break-ins,  use  of  stolen  credentials,  social  engineering,  phishing, 
computer viruses or other malicious codes, and similar means of unauthorized and destructive tampering. Even the most well protected 
information,  networks,  systems  and  facilities  remain  potentially  vulnerable  because  the  techniques  used  in  such  attempted  security 
breaches evolve and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, and in some cases are designed to not be detected 

19

and, in fact, may not be detected. Accordingly, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate security 
barriers or other preventative measures, and thus it is impossible for us to entirely mitigate this risk.

A  security  breach  or  other  significant  disruption  involving  our  IT  networks  and  related  systems  could  disrupt  the  proper 
functioning of our networks and systems and therefore our operations and/or those of certain of our tenants; result in the unauthorized 
access  to,  and  destruction,  loss,  theft,  misappropriation  or  release  of,  proprietary,  confidential,  sensitive  or  otherwise  valuable 
information  of  ours  or  others,  which  others  could  use  to  compete  against  us  or  which  could  expose  us  to  damage  claims  by  third-
parties for disruptive, destructive or otherwise harmful purposes and outcomes; result in our inability to maintain the building systems 
relied upon by our tenants for the efficient use of their leased space; require significant management attention and resources to remedy 
any damages that result; may require payments to the attackers; subject us to litigation claims for breach of contract, damages, credits, 
fines,  penalties,  governmental  investigations  and  enforcement  actions  or  termination  of  leases  or  other  agreements;  or  damage  our 
reputation among our tenants and investors generally. Any or all of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our results of 
operations, financial condition and cash flows.

A cyber attack or systems failure could interfere with our ability to comply with financial reporting requirements, which could 
adversely  affect  us.  A  cyber  attack  could  also  compromise  the  confidential  information  of  our  employees,  tenants,  customers  and 
vendors.  A  successful  attack  could  disrupt  and  materially  affect  our  business  operations,  including  damaging  relationships  with 
tenants,  customers  and  vendors.  Any  compromise  of  our  information  security  systems  could  also  result  in  a  violation  of  applicable 
privacy and other laws, significant legal and financial exposure, damage to our reputation, loss or misuse of the information (which 
may  be  confidential,  proprietary  and/or  commercially  sensitive  in  nature)  and  a  loss  of  confidence  in  our  security  measures,  which 
could harm our business.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE

Vornado’s Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (the “declaration of trust”) sets limits on the ownership of its shares.

Generally, for Vornado to maintain its qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, not more than 50% in value of 
the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of Vornado may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals at any time 
during  the  last  half  of  Vornado’s  taxable  year.  The  Internal  Revenue  Code  defines  “individuals”  for  purposes  of  the  requirement 
described in the preceding sentence to include some types of entities. Under Vornado’s declaration of trust, as amended, no person 
may own more than 6.7% of the outstanding common shares of any class, or 9.9% of the outstanding preferred shares of any class, 
with some exceptions for persons who held common shares in excess of the 6.7% limit before Vornado adopted the limit and other 
persons  approved  by  Vornado’s  Board  of  Trustees.  In  addition,  our  declaration  of  trust  includes  restrictions  on  ownership  of  our 
common  shares  and  preferred  shares  to  preserve  our  status  as  a  "domestically  controlled  qualified  investment  entity"  within  the 
meaning  of  Section  897  (h)(4)(B)  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  of  1986,  as  amended.  These  restrictions  on  transferability  and 
ownership  may  delay,  deter  or  prevent  a  change  in  control  of  Vornado  or  other  transaction  that  might  involve  a  premium  price  or 
otherwise be in the best interest of equity holders.

The Maryland General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”) contains provisions that may reduce the likelihood of certain takeover 

transactions.

The  MGCL  imposes  conditions  and  restrictions  on  certain  “business  combinations”  (including,  among  other  transactions,  a 
merger,  consolidation,  share  exchange,  or,  in  certain  circumstances,  an  asset  transfer  or  issuance  of  equity  securities)  between  a 
Maryland REIT and certain persons who beneficially own at least 10% of the corporation’s stock (an “interested shareholder”). Unless 
approved  in  advance  by  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  trust,  or  otherwise  exempted  by  the  statute,  such  a  business  combination  is 
prohibited  for  a  period  of  five  years  after  the  most  recent  date  on  which  the  interested  shareholder  became  an  interested 
shareholder.  After  such  five-year  period,  a  business  combination  with  an  interested  shareholder  must  be:  (a)  recommended  by  the 
board of trustees of the trust, and (b) approved by the affirmative vote of at least (i) 80% of the trust’s outstanding shares entitled to 
vote and (ii) two-thirds of the trust’s outstanding shares entitled to vote which are not held by the interested shareholder with whom 
the  business  combination  is  to  be  effected,  unless,  among  other  things,  the  trust’s  common  shareholders  receive  a  “fair  price”  (as 
defined by the statute) for their shares and the consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by the interested 
shareholder for his or her shares.

In approving a transaction, Vornado’s Board of Trustees may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the 
time  of  approval,  with  any  terms  and  conditions  determined  by  the  Board  of  Trustees.  Vornado’s  Board  of  Trustees  has  adopted  a 
resolution exempting any business combination between Vornado and any trustee or officer of Vornado or its affiliates. As a result, 
any trustee or officer of Vornado or its affiliates may be able to enter into business combinations with Vornado that may not be in the 
best interest of our equity holders. With respect to business combinations with other persons, the business combination provisions of 
the MGCL may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of Vornado or other transaction that might 
involve a premium price or otherwise be in the best interest of our equity holders. The business combination statute may discourage 
others from trying to acquire control of Vornado and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.

Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL permits our Board of Trustees, without shareholder approval and regardless of what is currently 
provided  in  our  declaration  of  trust  or  bylaws,  to  implement  certain  takeover  defenses,  including  adopting  a  classified  board  or 

20

increasing the vote required to remove a trustee. Such takeover defenses may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an 
acquisition proposal for us or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us under the circumstances that otherwise 
could provide our common shareholders with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then current market price.

Vornado may issue additional shares in a manner that could adversely affect the likelihood of certain takeover transactions.

Vornado’s declaration of trust authorizes the Board of Trustees to:

•
•
•
•

cause Vornado to issue additional authorized but unissued common shares or preferred shares;
classify or reclassify, in one or more series, any unissued preferred shares;
set the preferences, rights and other terms of any classified or reclassified shares that Vornado issues; and
increase, without shareholder approval, the number of shares of beneficial interest that Vornado may issue.

Vornado’s Board of Trustees could establish a series of preferred shares whose terms could delay, deter or prevent a change in 
control of Vornado, and therefore of the Operating Partnership, or other transaction that might involve a premium price or otherwise 
be  in  the  best  interest  of  our  equity  holders,  although  Vornado’s  Board  of  Trustees  does  not  now  intend  to  establish  a  series  of 
preferred shares of this kind. Vornado’s declaration of trust and bylaws contain other provisions that may delay, deter or prevent a 
change in control of Vornado or other transaction that might involve a premium price or otherwise be in the best interest of our equity 
holders.

We may change our policies without obtaining the approval of our equity holders.

Our operating and financial policies, including our policies with respect to acquisitions of real estate or other companies, growth, 
operations,  indebtedness,  capitalization,  dividends  and  distributions,  are  exclusively  determined  by  Vornado’s  Board  of  Trustees. 
Accordingly, our equity holders do not control these policies.

Steven Roth and Interstate Properties may exercise substantial influence over us. They and some of Vornado’s other trustees 

and officers have interests or positions in other entities that may compete with us.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  Interstate  Properties,  a  New  Jersey  general  partnership,  and  its  partners  beneficially  owned  an 
aggregate  of  approximately  7.0%  of  the  common  shares  of  beneficial  interest  of  Vornado  and  26.0%  of  the  common  stock  of 
Alexander’s, which is described below. Steven Roth, David Mandelbaum and Russell B. Wight, Jr. are the three partners of Interstate 
Properties. Mr. Roth is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Chief Executive Officer of Vornado, the managing general partner 
of Interstate Properties, and the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Alexander’s. Messrs. Mandelbaum 
and Wight are Trustees of Vornado and Directors of Alexander’s.

Because  of  these  overlapping  interests,  Mr.  Roth  and  Interstate  Properties  and  its  partners  may  have  substantial  influence  over 
Vornado, and therefore over the Operating Partnership. In addition, certain decisions concerning our operations or financial structure 
may present conflicts of interest among Messrs. Roth, Mandelbaum and Wight and Interstate Properties and our other equity holders. 
In addition, Mr. Roth, Interstate Properties and its partners, and Alexander’s currently and may in the future engage in a wide variety 
of activities in the real estate business which may result in conflicts of interest with respect to matters affecting us, such as which of 
these entities or persons, if any, may take advantage of potential business opportunities, the business focus of these entities, the types 
of  properties  and  geographic  locations  in  which  these  entities  make  investments,  potential  competition  between  business  activities 
conducted, or sought to be conducted, competition for properties and tenants, possible corporate transactions such as acquisitions and 
other strategic decisions affecting the future of these entities.

We manage and lease the real estate assets of Interstate Properties pursuant to a management agreement for which we receive an 
annual  fee  equal  to  4%  of  annual  base  rent  and  percentage  rent.  See  Note  22  –  Related  Party  Transactions  to  our  consolidated 
financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

There may be conflicts of interest between Alexander’s and us.

As of December 31, 2022, we owned 32.4% of the outstanding common stock of Alexander’s. Alexander’s is a REIT that has six 
properties,  which  are  located  in  the  greater  New  York  metropolitan  area.  In  addition  to  the  2.3%  that  they  indirectly  own  through 
Vornado,  Interstate  Properties,  which  is  described  above,  and  its  partners  owned  26.0%  of  the  outstanding  common  stock  of 
Alexander’s as of December 31, 2022. Mr. Roth is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Chief Executive Officer of Vornado, the 
managing  general  partner  of  Interstate  Properties,  and  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of 
Alexander’s. Messrs. Mandelbaum and Wight are Trustees of Vornado and Directors of Alexander’s and general partners of Interstate 
Properties. Ms. Mandakini Puri is a Trustee of Vornado and Director of Alexander’s. 

We manage, develop and lease Alexander’s properties under management, development and leasing agreements under which we 
receive  annual  fees  from  Alexander’s.  These  agreements  are  described  in  Note  5  –  Investments  in  Partially  Owned  Entities  to  our 
consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

21

RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMMON SHARES AND OPERATING PARTNERSHIP CLASS A UNITS

The trading price of Vornado’s common shares has been volatile and may continue to fluctuate. 

The  trading  price  of  Vornado’s  common  shares  has  been  volatile  and  may  continue  to  fluctuate  widely  as  a  result  of  several 
factors, many of which are outside our control. In addition, the stock market is subject to fluctuations in the share prices and trading 
volumes that affect the market prices of the shares of many companies. These broad market fluctuations have in the past and may in 
the  future  adversely  affect  the  market  price  of  Vornado’s  common  shares  and  the  redemption  price  of  the  Operating  Partnership’s 
Class A units. In particular, the market price of our common shares has been further adversely impacted since March 2020 due to the 
COVID-19 pandemic and its lasting impacts. These factors include:

•
•
•
•
•

•
•
•

•
•
•
•
•
•
•

•
•

•

•
•

our financial condition and performance;
the financial condition of our tenants, including the extent of tenant bankruptcies or defaults;
actual or anticipated quarterly fluctuations in our operating results and financial condition;
our dividend policy;
the  reputation  of  REITs  and  real  estate  investments  generally  and  the  attractiveness  of  REIT  equity  securities  in 
comparison  to  other  equity  securities,  including  securities  issued  by  other  real  estate  companies,  and  fixed  income 
securities;
uncertainty and volatility in the equity and credit markets;
fluctuations, in particular, increases, in interest rates;
changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports and recommendations by financial analysts or 
actions taken by rating agencies with respect to our securities or those of other REITs;
failure to meet analysts’ revenue or earnings estimates;
speculation in the press or investment community;
strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings;
the extent of institutional investor interest in us;
the extent of short-selling of Vornado common shares and the shares of our competitors;
fluctuations in the stock price and operating results of our competitors;
general financial and economic market conditions and, in particular, developments related to market conditions for office 
REITs and other real estate related companies and the New York City real estate market;
inflation;
domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance (including the macro-economic impact of the 
conflict between Russia and Ukraine);
fiscal  policies  or  inaction  at  the  U.S.  federal  government  level  that  may  lead  to  federal  government  shutdowns  or 
negative impacts on the U.S. economy;
changes in tax laws and rules; and
all other risk factors addressed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

A significant decline in Vornado’s stock price could result in substantial losses for our equity holders.
Vornado has many shares available for future sale, which could hurt the market price of its shares and the redemption price of 

the Operating Partnership’s units.

The interests of equity holders could be diluted if we issue additional equity securities. As of December 31, 2022, Vornado had 
authorized  but  unissued  58,133,120  common  shares  of  beneficial  interest,  $0.04  par  value,  and  58,387,098  preferred  shares  of 
beneficial interest, no par value; of which 22,123,781 common shares are reserved for issuance upon redemption of Class A Operating 
Partnership units, convertible securities and employee stock options and 11,200,000 preferred shares are reserved for issuance upon 
redemption  of  preferred  Operating  Partnership  units.  Any  shares  not  reserved  may  be  issued  from  time  to  time  in  public  or  private 
offerings  or  in  connection  with  acquisitions.  In  addition,  common  and  preferred  shares  reserved  may  be  sold  upon  issuance  in  the 
public market after registration under the Securities Act or under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or other available exemptions from 
registration. We cannot predict the effect that future sales of Vornado’s common and preferred shares or Operating Partnership Class 
A and preferred units will have on the market prices of our securities.

  In  addition,  under  Maryland  law,  Vornado’s  Board  of  Trustees  has  the  authority  to  increase  the  number  of  authorized  shares 

without shareholder approval.

Loss  of  our  key  personnel  could  harm  our  operations  and  adversely  affect  the  value  of  our  common  shares  and  Operating 

Partnership Class A units.

We  are  dependent  on  the  efforts  of  Steven  Roth,  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of 
Vornado. While we believe that we could find a replacement for him and other key personnel, the loss of their services could harm our 
operations and adversely affect the value of our securities.

22

RISKS RELATED TO REGULATORY COMPLIANCE

Vornado may fail to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT and may be required to pay federal income taxes at corporate rates, 

which could adversely impact the value of our common shares.

Although  we  believe  that  Vornado  will  remain  organized  and  will  continue  to  operate  so  as  to  qualify  as  a  REIT  for  federal 
income  tax  purposes,  Vornado  may  fail  to  remain  so  qualified.  Qualifications  are  governed  by  highly  technical  and  complex 
provisions  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  for  which  there  are  only  limited  judicial  or  administrative  interpretations  and  depend  on 
various  facts  and  circumstances  that  are  not  entirely  within  our  control.  In  addition,  legislation,  new  regulations,  administrative 
interpretations  or  court  decisions  may  significantly  change  the  relevant  tax  laws  and/or  the  federal  income  tax  consequences  of 
qualifying as a REIT. If, with respect to any taxable year, Vornado fails to maintain its qualification as a REIT and does not qualify 
under statutory relief provisions, Vornado could not deduct distributions to shareholders in computing our taxable income and would 
have to pay federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate rates. The federal income tax payable would include any 
applicable alternative minimum tax. If Vornado had to pay federal income tax, the amount of money available to distribute to equity 
holders  and  pay  its  indebtedness  would  be  reduced  for  the  year  or  years  involved,  and  Vornado  would  not  be  required  to  make 
distributions  to  shareholders  in  that  taxable  year  and  in  future  years  until  it  was  able  to  qualify  as  a  REIT  and  did  so.  In  addition, 
Vornado would also be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification 
was lost, unless Vornado were entitled to relief under the relevant statutory provisions. Our failure to qualify as a REIT could impact 
our ability to expand our business and raise capital and adversely affect the value of our common shares.

We may face possible adverse federal tax audits and changes in federal tax laws, which may result in an increase in our tax 

liability.

In the normal course of business, certain entities through which we own real estate either have undergone or may undergo tax 
audits.  Although  we  believe  that  we  have  substantial  arguments  in  favor  of  our  positions,  in  some  instances  there  is  no  controlling 
precedent or interpretive guidance. There can be no assurance that audits will not occur with increased frequency or that the ultimate 
result of such audits will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

At  any  time,  the  U.S.  federal  income  tax  laws  governing  REITs  or  the  administrative  interpretations  of  those  laws  may  be 
amended.  We  cannot  predict  if  or  when  any  new  U.S.  federal  income  tax  law,  regulation,  or  administrative  interpretation,  or  any 
amendment  to  any  existing  U.S.  federal  income  tax  law,  Treasury  regulation  or  administrative  interpretation,  will  be  adopted, 
promulgated  or  become  effective  and  any  such  law,  regulation,  or  interpretation  may  take  effect  retroactively.  Vornado,  its  taxable 
REIT subsidiaries, and our security holders could be adversely affected by any such change in, or any new, U.S. federal income tax 
law, Treasury regulation or administrative interpretation.

We may face possible adverse state and local tax audits and changes in state and local tax law.

Because Vornado is organized and qualifies as a REIT, it is generally not subject to federal income taxes, but we are subject to 
certain state and local taxes. In the normal course of business, certain entities through which we own real estate either have undergone, 
or  are  currently  undergoing,  tax  audits.  Although  we  believe  that  we  have  substantial  arguments  in  favor  of  our  positions  in  the 
ongoing audits, in some instances there is no controlling precedent or interpretive guidance on the specific point at issue. There can be 
no  assurance  that  audits  will  not  occur  with  increased  frequency  or  that  the  ultimate  result  of  such  audits  will  not  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our results of operations.

From  time  to  time  changes  in  state  and  local  tax  laws  or  regulations  are  enacted,  which  may  result  in  an  increase  in  our  tax 
liability. A shortfall in tax revenues for states and municipalities in which we operate may lead to an increase in the frequency and size 
of such changes including changes in laws, regulations and administration of property and transfer taxes. If such changes occur, we 
may  be  required  to  pay  additional  taxes  on  our  assets  or  income.  These  increased  tax  costs  could  adversely  affect  our  financial 
condition  and  results  of  operations  and  the  amount  of  cash  available  for  the  payment  of  dividends  and  distributions  to  our  security 
holders.

Compliance  or  failure  to  comply  with  the  Americans  with  Disabilities  Act  ("ADA")  or  other  safety  regulations  and 

requirements could result in substantial costs.

ADA generally requires that public buildings, including our properties, meet certain Federal requirements related to access and 
use by disabled persons. Noncompliance could result in the imposition of fines by the Federal government or the award of damages to 
private litigants and/or legal fees to their counsel. From time to time persons have asserted claims against us with respect to some of 
our properties under the ADA, but to date such claims have not resulted in any material expense or liability. If, under the ADA, we are 
required  to  make  substantial  alterations  and  capital  expenditures  in  one  or  more  of  our  properties,  including  the  removal  of  access 
barriers,  it  could  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations,  as  well  as  the  amount  of  cash  available  for 
distribution to equity holders.

Our properties are subject to various federal, state and local regulatory requirements, such as state and local fire and life safety 
requirements. If we fail to comply with these requirements, we could incur fines or private damage awards. We do not know whether 
existing requirements will change or whether compliance with future requirements will require significant unanticipated expenditures 
that will affect our cash flow and results of operations.

23

We may incur significant costs to comply with environmental laws and environmental contamination may impair our ability to 

lease and/or sell real estate.

Our operations and properties are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations concerning the protection of the 
environment, including air and water quality, hazardous or toxic substances and health and safety. Under some environmental laws, a 
current or previous owner or operator of real estate may be required to investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances released 
at  a  property.  The  owner  or  operator  may  also  be  held  liable  to  a  governmental  entity  or  to  third  parties  for  property  damage  or 
personal  injuries  and  for  investigation  and  clean-up  costs  incurred  by  those  parties  because  of  the  contamination.  These  laws  often 
impose  liability  without  regard  to  whether  the  owner  or  operator  knew  of  the  release  of  the  substances  or  caused  the  release.  The 
presence of contamination or the failure to remediate contamination may also impair our ability to sell or lease real estate or to borrow 
using the real estate as collateral. Other laws and regulations govern indoor and outdoor air quality including those that can require the 
abatement  or  removal  of  asbestos-containing  materials  in  the  event  of  damage,  demolition,  renovation  or  remodeling  and  govern 
emissions of and exposure to asbestos fibers in the air. The maintenance and removal of lead paint and certain electrical equipment 
containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are also regulated by federal and state laws. We are also subject to risks associated with 
human exposure to chemical or biological contaminants such as molds, pollens, viruses and bacteria which, above certain levels, can 
be alleged to be connected to allergic or other health effects and symptoms in susceptible individuals. Our predecessor companies may 
be subject to similar liabilities for activities of those companies in the past. We could incur fines for environmental compliance and be 
held  liable  for  the  costs  of  remedial  action  with  respect  to  the  foregoing  regulated  substances  or  related  claims  arising  out  of 
environmental contamination or human exposure to contamination at or from our properties.

  Each  of  our  properties  has  been  subject  to  varying  degrees  of  environmental  assessment.  To  date,  these  environmental 
assessments  have  not  revealed  any  environmental  condition  material  to  our  business.  However,  identification  of  new  compliance 
concerns  or  undiscovered  areas  of  contamination,  changes  in  the  extent  or  known  scope  of  contamination,  human  exposure  to 
contamination or changes in clean-up or compliance requirements could result in significant costs to us.

ITEM 1B.  

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

There are no unresolved comments from the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission as of the date of this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K.

24

ITEM 2.  

PROPERTIES

PROPERTY LISTING

We operate in two reportable segments: New York and Other. The following pages provide details of our real estate properties as 

of December 31, 2022.

Square Feet

Under
Development
or Not
Available
for Lease

Total
Property

239,000 

  2,546,000 

— 

  2,120,000 

In Service

  2,307,000 

  2,120,000 

414,000 

1,206,000 

  1,620,000 

%
Occupancy

 81.3% 

 99.2% 

 100.0% 

 93.1% 

 98.6% 

 55.0% 

 99.3% 

 99.3% 

 75.1% 

 98.7% 
 95.0% 

 89.2% 

 89.8% 

 75.7% 

 89.6% 

 86.1% 

 79.0% 

 88.1% 

 100.0% 

 81.5% 

 92.9% 

 97.4% 

 95.5% 

 100.0% 

 100.0% 

 82.6% 

 78.9% 

 79.9% 

 84.6% 

 100.0% 

 100.0% 

 78.3% 

 93.9% 

 100.0% 

 25.2% 

 100.0% 

 100.0% 

 64.4% 

 100.0% 

 100.0% 

 100.0% 

 100.0% 

(3)

  1,350,000 

  1,264,000 

  1,258,000 

  1,183,000 

  1,153,000 

  1,114,000 

956,000 
945,000 

887,000 

846,000 

724,000 

638,000 

601,000 

585,000 

544,000 

477,000 

331,000 

315,000 

283,000 

209,000 

204,000 

194,000 

173,000 

173,000 

161,000 

129,000 

114,000 

107,000 

103,000 

98,000 

78,000 

65,000 

57,000 

43,000 

36,000 

36,000 

26,000 

23,000 

23,000 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  1,350,000 

  1,264,000 

  1,258,000 

  1,183,000 

  1,153,000 

  1,114,000 

956,000 
945,000 

887,000 

846,000 

724,000 

638,000 

601,000 

585,000 

544,000 

477,000 

331,000 

315,000 

283,000 

209,000 

204,000 

194,000 

173,000 

173,000 

161,000 

129,000 

114,000 

107,000 

103,000 

98,000 

78,000 

65,000 

57,000 

43,000 

36,000 

36,000 

26,000 

23,000 

23,000 

NEW YORK SEGMENT
Property
PENN 1 (ground leased through 2098)(1)
1290 Avenue of the Americas

PENN 2
909 Third Avenue (ground leased through 2063)(1)
280 Park Avenue(2)
Independence Plaza, Tribeca (1,327 units)(2)
770 Broadway

PENN 11

100 West 33rd Street

90 Park Avenue
One Park Avenue
888 Seventh Avenue (ground leased through 2067)(1)
The Farley Building
      (ground and building leased through 2116)(1)
330 West 34th Street (65.2% ground leased through 2149)(1)
85 Tenth Avenue(2)
650 Madison Avenue(2)
350 Park Avenue
150 East 58th Street(4)
7 West 34th Street(2)
595 Madison Avenue
640 Fifth Avenue(2)
50-70 West 93rd Street (324 units)(2)
260 Eleventh Avenue (ground leased through 2114)(1)
4 Union Square South
61 Ninth Avenue (2 buildings) (ground leased through 2115)(1)(2)
512 West 22nd Street(2)
825 Seventh Avenue
1540 Broadway(2)
Paramus
666 Fifth Avenue (2)(5)
1535 Broadway(2)
57th Street (2 buildings)(2)
689 Fifth Avenue(2)
150 West 34th Street

510 Fifth Avenue
655 Fifth Avenue(2)
435 Seventh Avenue

692 Broadway

606 Broadway
697-703 Fifth Avenue(2)
1131 Third Avenue

131-135 West 33rd Street

________________________________________
See notes on page 27.

%
Ownership

 100.0 %

 70.0 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 50.0 %

Type

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office

Office / Retail

 50.1 % Retail / Residential

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %
 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 95.0 %

 100.0 %

 49.9 %

 20.1 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 53.0 %

 100.0 %

 52.0 %

 49.9 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 45.1 %

 55.0 %

 51.2 %

 52.0 %

 100.0 %

 52.0 %

 52.0 %

 50.0 %

 52.0 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 50.0 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

 50.0 %

 44.8 %

 100.0 %

 100.0 %

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail
Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Residential

Office

Retail

Office / Retail

Office / Retail
Office(2) / Retail
Retail

Office

Retail

Retail / Theatre

Office / Retail

Office / Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

Office / Retail

Retail

Retail

Retail

25

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PROPERTY LISTING – CONTINUED

NEW YORK SEGMENT – CONTINUED
Property
715 Lexington Avenue
537 West 26th Street
443 Broadway
334 Canal Street (4 units)
304 Canal Street (4 units)
759-771 Madison Avenue (40 East 66th Street) (4 units)
431 Seventh Avenue
138-142 West 32nd Street
148 Spring Street
339 Greenwich Street
150 Spring Street (1 unit)
966 Third Avenue
968 Third Avenue(2)
137 West 33rd Street
57th Street(2)
Eighth Avenue and 34th Street
Hotel Pennsylvania Site(7)
Other (3 buildings)

Type

%
Ownership
Retail
 100.0 %
Retail
 100.0 %
 100.0 %
Retail
 100.0 % Retail / Residential
 100.0 % Retail / Residential
Residential
 100.0 %
Retail
 100.0 %
Retail
 100.0 %
Retail
 100.0 %
Retail
 100.0 %
 100.0 % Retail / Residential
Retail
 100.0 %
Retail
 50.0 %
Retail
 100.0 %
Land
 50.0 %
Land
 100.0 %
Land
 100.0 %
Retail 
 100.0 %

%
Occupancy
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 —% 
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 42.4% 
 100.0% 
 74.2% 
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 100.0% 
 (6) 
 (6) 
 (6) 
 100.0% 

(3)

(3)

(3)

In Service
22,000 
17,000 
16,000 
14,000 
13,000 
10,000 
9,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
7,000 
7,000 
7,000 
3,000 
— 
— 
— 
16,000 

Square Feet

Under
Development
or Not
Available
for Lease

Total
Property

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

22,000 
17,000 
16,000 
14,000 
13,000 
10,000 
9,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
7,000 
7,000 
7,000 
3,000 
— 
— 
— 
16,000 

Alexander's, Inc.:
731 Lexington Avenue(2)
Rego Park II, Queens (6.6 acres)(2)
Rego Park I, Queens (4.8 acres)(2)
The Alexander Apartment Tower, Queens (312 units)(2)
Flushing, Queens (1.0 acre ground leased through 2037)(1)(2)
Rego Park III, Queens (3.2 acres)(2)
Total New York Segment

Our Ownership Interest

________________________________________
See notes on page 27.

 32.4 %
 32.4 %
 32.4 %

 32.4 %
 32.4 %

 32.4 %

Office / Retail
Retail
Retail

Residential
Retail

Land

 98.9% 
 87.3% 
 100.0% 

 98.7% 
 100.0% 

 (6) 
 91.2% 

  1,079,000 
480,000 
260,000 

255,000 
167,000 

— 
135,000 
78,000 

  1,079,000 
615,000 
338,000 

— 
— 

255,000 
167,000 

— 
  24,753,000 

— 
1,658,000 

— 
  26,411,000 

 90.4% 

  19,371,000 

1,514,000 

  20,885,000 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PROPERTY LISTING – CONTINUED 

OTHER SEGMENT
Property
theMART:

theMART, Chicago

Piers 92 and 94 (New York) (ground and building leased 

through 2110)(1)

527 West Kinzie, Chicago
Other (2 properties)(2), Chicago
Total theMART

Our Ownership Interest 

555 California Street:
555 California Street
315 Montgomery Street
345 Montgomery Street
Total 555 California Street

Our Ownership Interest 

Other:

%
Ownership

Type

%
Occupancy

In Service

Square Feet

Under
Development
or Not
Available
for Lease

Total
Property

Office / Retail / 
Trade show / 
Showroom

 100.0 %

 100.0 % Trade show / Other
Land
 100.0 %
Retail
 50.0 %

 70.0 %
 70.0 %
 70.0 %

Office / Retail
Office / Retail
Office / Retail

 81.6% 

  3,616,000 

56,000 

  3,672,000 

 —% 
 (6) 
 93.9% 
 81.7% 

— 
— 
19,000 
  3,635,000 

208,000 
— 
— 
264,000 

208,000 
— 
19,000 
  3,899,000 

 81.6% 

  3,626,000 

264,000 

  3,890,000 

 99.0% 
 99.7% 
 —% 
 94.7% 

  1,506,000 
235,000 
78,000 
  1,819,000 

— 
— 
— 
— 

  1,506,000 
235,000 
78,000 
  1,819,000 

 94.7% 

  1,273,000 

— 

  1,273,000 

Rosslyn Plaza, VA (197 units)(2)
Fashion Centre Mall / Washington Tower, VA(2)
Wayne Towne Center, Wayne, NJ (ground leased through 
     2064)(1)
Annapolis, MD (ground leased through 2042)(1)

Atlantic City, NJ (11.3 acres ground leased through 2070 to
    VICI Properties for a portion of the Borgata Hotel
    and Casino complex)
Total Other

 45.6 %
 7.5 %

 100.0 %
 100.0 %

Office / 
Residential
Office / Retail

(3)

 62.8% 
 92.0% 

685,000 
  1,038,000 

304,000 
— 

989,000 
  1,038,000 

Retail
Retail

 100.0% 
 100.0% 

681,000 
128,000 

9,000 
— 

690,000 
128,000 

 100.0 %

Land

 100.0% 
 89.3% 

— 
  2,532,000 

— 
313,000 

— 
  2,845,000 

Our Ownership Interest 

 92.6% 

  1,197,000 

149,000 

  1,346,000 

________________________________________
(1) Term assumes all renewal options exercised, if applicable.
(2) Denotes property not consolidated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related financial data included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(3) Excludes residential occupancy statistics.
(4)
(5)
(6) Properties under development or to be developed.
(7) We permanently closed the Hotel Pennsylvania and plan to develop an office tower on the site. Demolition of the existing building structure commenced in the 

Includes 962 Third Avenue (the Annex building to 150 East 58th Street) 50.0% ground leased through 2118 (assuming all renewal options are exercised).
75,000 square feet is leased from 666 Fifth Avenue Office Condominium.

fourth quarter of 2021.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TOP 10 TENANTS BASED ON ANNUALIZED ESCALATED RENTS(1) (AT SHARE):

Tenant

Meta Platforms, Inc. 

IPG and affiliates

New York University

Google/Motorola Mobility (guaranteed by Google)

Bloomberg L.P. 

Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company

Yahoo Inc.

Amazon (including its Whole Foods subsidiary)

Neuberger Berman Group LLC

Madison Square Garden & Affiliates

________________________________________
See note below.

Square
Footage
At Share

Annualized
Escalated Rents
At Share

1,451,153 

$ 

158,889 

967,552 

685,290 

759,446 

306,768 

336,644 

313,726 

312,694 

306,612 

412,551 

67,279 

45,013 

41,220 

40,252 

35,453 

32,202 

30,115 

27,283 

27,143 

ANNUALIZED ESCALATED RENTS(1) (AT SHARE) BY TENANT INDUSTRY:

Industry
Office:

Financial Services
Technology
Professional Services
Advertising/Marketing
Real Estate
Entertainment and Electronics
Insurance
Education
Communications
Apparel
Engineering, Architect & Surveying
Health Services
Government
Other

Retail:

Apparel
Luxury Retail
Banking
Restaurants
Grocery
Other

Showroom

Total

% of Total 
Annualized
Escalated Rents
At Share

Percentage

 8.8% 

 3.6% 

 2.5% 

 2.2% 

 2.2% 

 2.0% 

 1.8% 

 1.7% 

 1.5% 

 1.5% 

 20% 
 16% 
 7% 
 5% 
 4% 
 4% 
 3% 
 3% 
 3% 
 2% 
 2% 
 2% 
 1% 
 6% 
 78% 

 5% 
 4% 
 2% 
 1% 
 1% 
 4% 
 17% 

 5% 

 100% 

________________________________________
(1) Represents monthly contractual base rent before free rent plus tenant reimbursements multiplied by 12. Annualized escalated rents at share include leases signed 

but not yet commenced in place of current tenants or vacancy in the same space.

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEW YORK

As of December 31, 2022, our New York segment consisted of 26.4 million square feet in 65 properties. The 26.4 million square 
feet is comprised of 19.9 million square feet of Manhattan office in 30 of the properties, 2.6 million square feet of Manhattan street 
retail in 56 of the properties, 1,664 units in six residential properties, and our 32.4% interest in Alexander’s, which owns six properties 
in  the  greater  New  York  metropolitan  area,  including  731  Lexington  Avenue,  the  1.1  million  square  foot  Bloomberg,  L.P. 
headquarters building, and The Alexander, a 312-unit apartment tower in Queens. The New York segment also includes nine garages 
totaling 1.6 million square feet (4,804 spaces).

As of December 31, 2022, the occupancy rate for our New York segment was 90.4%.

Occupancy and weighted average annual rent per square foot:

Office:

As of December 31,

Total Square Feet

In Service
Square Feet

In Service
Square Feet
At Share

Occupancy
Rate

Weighted
Average Annual 
Escalated Rent
Per Square Foot

Vornado's Ownership Interest

2022
2021
2020
2019 (1)
2018

19,902,000 
20,630,000 
20,586,000 
20,666,000 
21,495,000 

18,724,000 
19,442,000 
18,361,000 
19,070,000 
19,858,000 

16,028,000 
16,757,000 
15,413,000 
16,195,000 
16,632,000 

$ 

 91.9% 
 92.2% 
 93.4% 
 96.9% 
 97.2% 

83.98 
80.01 
79.05 
76.26 
74.04 

________________________________________
See note below.

Retail:

As of December 31,

Total Square Feet

In Service
Square Feet

In Service
Square Feet
At Share

Occupancy
Rate

Weighted
Average Annual 
Escalated Rent
Per Square Foot

Vornado's Ownership Interest

2022
2021
2020
2019 (1)
2018

2,556,000 
2,693,000 
2,690,000 
2,712,000 
2,802,000 

2,289,000 
2,267,000 
2,275,000 
2,300,000 
2,648,000 

1,851,000 
1,825,000 
1,805,000 
1,842,000 
2,419,000 

$ 

 74.4% 
 80.7% 
 78.8% 
 94.5% 
 97.3% 

215.72 
214.22 
226.38 
209.86 
228.43 

________________________________________
(1) Reflects the transfer of 45.4% of common equity in the properties contributed to the Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV on April 18, 2019.

Occupancy and average monthly rent per unit:

Residential:

As of December 31,

Total 
Number of Units

Total
Number of Units

Occupancy
Rate

Average Monthly
Rent Per Unit

Vornado's Ownership Interest

2022
2021
2020

2019
2018

1,976 
1,986 
1,995 

1,996 
2,004 

941 
951 
960 

960 
968 

 96.7%  $ 
 97.0% 
 84.9% 

 97.5% 
 96.6% 

3,882 
3,776 
3,714 

3,902 
3,788 

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEW YORK – CONTINUED

Lease expirations as of December 31, 2022 (at share):

Year
Office:
Fourth Quarter 2022(2)
2023(3)
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032

Retail:
Fourth Quarter 2022(2)
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032

Number of 
Expiring Leases

Square Feet of 
Expiring Leases(1)

Percentage of
New York Square 
Feet

Annualized Escalated Rents
of Expiring Leases

Total

Per Square Foot

7
86
91
75
84
87
60
39
48
33
22

5
15
10
10
10
12
10
10
18
29
23

47,000 
1,444,000 
943,000 
699,000 
1,217,000 
1,160,000 
1,003,000 
1,161,000 
623,000 
899,000 
404,000 

16,000 
149,000 
133,000 
40,000 
82,000 
34,000 
27,000 
50,000 
155,000 
88,000 
55,000 

0.3%
10.0%
6.5%
4.8%
8.4%
8.0%
6.9%
8.0%
4.3%
6.2%
2.8%

1.3%
12.3%
10.9%
3.3%
6.7%
2.8%
2.2%
4.1%
12.7%
7.2%
4.5%

$ 

1,712,000  $ 

137,383,000 
88,875,000 
57,307,000 
99,016,000 
89,200,000 
74,602,000 
94,292,000 
51,308,000 
79,770,000 
35,215,000 

$ 

2,590,000  $ 
19,287,000 
22,680,000 
12,898,000 
26,076,000 
18,872,000 
13,470,000 
26,772,000 
22,645,000 
29,201,000 
28,490,000 

(4)

(5)

36.43 
95.14 
94.25 
81.98 
81.36 
76.90 
74.38 
81.22 
82.36 
88.73 
87.17 

161.88 
129.44 
170.53 
322.45 
318.00 
555.06 
498.89 
535.44 
146.10 
331.83 
518.00 

________________________________________
(1) Excludes storage, vacancy and other.
(2)
(3) Excludes the expiration of 492,000 square feet at 909 Third Avenue for U.S. Post Office as we assume the exercise of all renewal options through 2038 given the 

Includes month-to-month leases, holdover tenants, and leases expiring on the last day of the current quarter.

below-market rent on their options. 

(4) Based on current market conditions, we expect to re-lease this space at rents between $85 to $95 per square foot.
(5) Based on current market conditions, we expect to re-lease this space at rents between $125 to $150 per square foot.

Alexander’s

As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  own  32.4%  of  the  outstanding  common  stock  of  Alexander’s,  which  owns  six  properties  in  the 
greater New York metropolitan area aggregating 2.5 million square feet, including 731 Lexington Avenue, the 1.1 million square foot 
Bloomberg  L.P.  headquarters  building.  As  of  December  31,  2022,  Alexander's  had  an  occupancy  rate  of  96.4%  and  a  weighted 
average annual rent per square foot of $104.09.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER REAL ESTATE AND INVESTMENTS

theMART

We own the 3.7 million square foot theMART in Chicago, whose largest tenant is Motorola Mobility at 609,000 square feet, the 
lease of which is guaranteed by Google. As of December 31, 2022, theMART had an occupancy rate of 81.6% and a weighted average 
annual rent per square foot of $52.07.

555 California Street

We own a 70% controlling interest in a three-building office complex aggregating 1.8 million square feet, located at California 
and  Montgomery  Streets  in  San  Francisco’s  financial  district  (“555  California  Street”).  As  of  December  31,  2022,  555  California 
Street had an occupancy rate of 94.7% and a weighted average annual rent per square foot of $92.81.

ITEM 3.  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are from time to time involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, after consultation 
with legal counsel, the outcome of such matters is not expected to have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations 
or cash flows. 

ITEM 4.  

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM  5. 

MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Vornado Realty Trust

Vornado’s common shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “VNO.”

As of February 1, 2023, there were 783 holders of record of Vornado common shares.

Vornado Realty L.P.

There is no established trading market for the Operating Partnership's Class A units. Class A units that are not held by Vornado 
may be tendered for redemption to the Operating Partnership for cash; Vornado, at its option, may assume that obligation and pay the 
holder either cash or Vornado common shares on a one-for-one basis. Because the number of Vornado common shares outstanding at 
all times equals the number of Class A units owned by Vornado, the redemption value of each Class A unit is equivalent to the market 
value of one Vornado common share, and the quarterly distribution to a Class A unit holder is equal to the quarterly dividend paid to a 
Vornado common shareholder.

As of February 1, 2023, there were 854 Class A unitholders of record.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

During 2022, we issued 347,891 Class A units in connection with (i) the issuance of Vornado common shares and (ii) the exercise 
of awards pursuant to Vornado's omnibus share plan, including grants of restricted Vornado common shares and restricted units of the 
Operating Partnership and upon conversion, surrender or exchange of the Operating Partnership’s units or Vornado stock options. The 
consideration  received  included  $885,373  in  cash  proceeds.  Such  units  were  issued  in  reliance  on  an  exemption  from  registration 
under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

On May 19, 2022, we granted 46,503 restricted units of the Operating Partnership at a market price of $33.88 per unit to Vornado 
Trustees  that  are  not  executives  of  the  Company  as  part  of  their  annual  Trustee  fees.  The  units  were  issued  outside  of  Vornado's 
omnibus share plan and were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, 
as amended.

On December 12, 2022, we granted 135,564 restricted units of the Operating Partnership at a market price of $22.13 per unit to 
Vornado consultants that are not executives of the Company for annual consulting fees. The units were issued outside of Vornado's 
omnibus share plan and were issued in reliance on an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, 
as amended.

From time to time, in connection with equity awards granted under our Omnibus Share Plan, we may withhold common shares for 
tax purposes or acquire common shares as part of the payment of the exercise price. Although we treat these as repurchases for certain 
financial statement purposes, these withheld or acquired shares are not considered by us as repurchases for this purpose.

Information relating to compensation plans under which Vornado’s equity securities are authorized for issuance is set forth under 

Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and such information is incorporated by reference herein.

Recent Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

31

Performance Graph

The following graph is a comparison of the five-year cumulative return of Vornado’s common shares, the Standard & Poor’s 500 
Index (the “S&P 500 Index”) and the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts’ (“NAREIT”) All Equity Index, a peer 
group index. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2017 in our common shares, the S&P 500 Index and the 
NAREIT All Equity Index and that all dividends were reinvested without the payment of any commissions. There can be no assurance 
that the performance of our shares will continue in line with the same or similar trends depicted in the graph below.

Vornado Realty Trust

S&P 500 Index

The NAREIT All Equity Index

ITEM 6.  

RESERVED

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

$ 

100  $ 

82  $ 

95  $ 

56  $ 

66  $ 

100 

100 

96 

96 

126 

123 

149 

117 

192 

166 

35 

157 

124 

32

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative ReturnVornado Realty TrustS&P 500 IndexThe NAREIT All Equity Index201720182019202020212022$25$50$75$100$125$150$175$200$225$250 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7. 

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS

Overview

Critical Accounting Estimates

Net Operating Income At Share by Segment for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to December 31, 2021

Related Party Transactions

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Funds From Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

Page Number

34

40

41

44

48

49

55

33

 
Introduction

The  following  discussion  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  financial  statements  and  related  notes  included  under  Part  II, 

Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") within this section is 
focused on the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, including year-to-year comparisons between these years. Our MD&A for 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  including  year-to-year  comparisons  between  2021  and  2020,  can  be  found  in  Part  II,  Item  7, 
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Company's Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Overview

Vornado Realty Trust (“Vornado”) is a fully-integrated real estate investment trust (“REIT”) and conducts its business through, 
and substantially all of its interests in properties are held by, Vornado Realty L.P., (the “Operating Partnership”) a Delaware limited 
partnership. Accordingly, Vornado’s cash flow and ability to pay dividends to its shareholders are dependent upon the cash flow of the 
Operating Partnership and the ability of its direct and indirect subsidiaries to first satisfy their obligations to creditors. Vornado is the 
sole general partner of and owned approximately 92% of the common limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership as of 
December 31, 2022. All references to the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively Vornado, the Operating Partnership 
and those subsidiaries consolidated by Vornado.

We  own  and  operate  office  and  retail  properties  with  a  concentration  in  the  New  York  City  metropolitan  area.  In  addition,  we 
have  a  32.4%  interest  in  Alexander’s,  Inc.  (“Alexander’s”)  (NYSE:  ALX),  which  owns  six  properties  in  the  greater  New  York 
metropolitan area, as well as interests in other real estate and investments.

Our  business  objective  is  to  maximize  Vornado  shareholder  value,  which  we  measure  by  the  total  return  provided  to  our 
shareholders. Below is a table comparing Vornado’s performance to the FTSE NAREIT Office Index (“Office REIT”) and the MSCI 
US REIT Index (“MSCI”) for the following periods ended December 31, 2022:

Three-month

One-year

Three-year

Five-year

Ten-year

Vornado

Total Return(1)
Office REIT

MSCI

 (8.1%) 

 (46.7%) 

 (62.7%) 

 (64.7%) 

 (45.6%) 

 (1.5%) 

 (37.6%) 

 (37.9%) 

 (30.3%) 

 10.7% 

 5.2% 

 (24.5%) 

 (0.2%) 

 19.9% 

 87.3% 

________________________________________
(1) Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future performance.

We  intend  to  achieve  this  objective  by  continuing  to  pursue  our  investment  philosophy  and  to  execute  our  operating  strategies 

through:

• maintaining a superior team of operating and investment professionals and an entrepreneurial spirit;
•

investing in properties in select markets, such as New York City, where we believe there is a high likelihood of capital 
appreciation;
acquiring quality properties at a discount to replacement cost and where there is a significant potential for higher rents;
developing and redeveloping properties to increase returns and maximize value; and
investing in operating companies that have a significant real estate component.

•
•
•

We expect to finance our growth, acquisitions and investments using internally generated funds and proceeds from asset sales and 
by accessing the public and private capital markets. We may also offer Vornado common or preferred shares or Operating Partnership 
units in exchange for property and may repurchase or otherwise reacquire these securities in the future.

We  compete  with  a  large  number  of  real  estate  investors,  property  owners  and  developers,  some  of  whom  may  be  willing  to 
accept lower returns on their investments. Principal factors of competition are rents charged, sales prices, attractiveness of location, the 
quality of the property and the breadth and the quality of services provided. Our success depends upon, among other factors, trends of 
the global, national, regional and local economies, the financial condition and operating results of current and prospective tenants and 
customers, availability and cost of capital, construction and renovation costs, taxes, governmental regulations, legislation, population 
and employment trends. See “Risk Factors” in Item 1A for additional information regarding these factors.

Our business has been, and may continue to be, affected by the increase in interest rates and inflation and the continuing effect of 
the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  other  uncertainties  including  the  potential  for  an  economic  downturn.  These  factors  could  have  a 
material impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

34

 
 
Vornado Realty Trust

Year Ended December 31, 2022 Financial Results Summary

Net  loss  attributable  to  common  shareholders  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  was  $408,615,000,  or  $2.13  per  diluted 
share, compared to net income attributable to common shareholders of $101,086,000, or $0.53 per diluted share, for the year ended 
December 31, 2021. The years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 include certain items that impact net (loss) income attributable to 
common shareholders, which are listed in the table below. The aggregate of these items, net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling 
interests,  increased  net  loss  attributable  to  common  shareholders  by  $535,083,000,  or  $2.79  per  diluted  share,  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2022 and increased net income attributable to common shareholders by $12,933,000, or $0.07 per diluted share, for the 
year ended December 31, 2021.

Funds from operations ("FFO") attributable to common shareholders plus assumed conversions for the year ended December 31, 
2022  was  $638,928,000,  or  $3.30  per  diluted  share,  compared  to  $571,074,000,  or  $2.97  per  diluted  share,  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2021. The years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 include certain items that impact FFO, which are listed in the table 
on  the  following  page.  The  aggregate  of  these  items,  net  of  amounts  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interests,  increased  FFO  by 
$30,036,000,  or  $0.15  per  diluted  share,  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  and  increased  FFO  by  $21,211,000,  or  $0.11  per 
diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The  following  table  reconciles  the  difference  between  our  net  (loss)  income  attributable  to  common  shareholders  and  our  net 

income attributable to common shareholders, as adjusted:

(Amounts in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

Certain expense (income) items that impact net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders:

Non-cash real estate impairment losses on wholly owned and partially owned assets

$ 

595,488  $ 

Hotel Pennsylvania loss (primarily accelerated building depreciation expense)

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

After-tax net gain on sale of 220 Central Park South ("220 CPS") condominium units and ancillary amenities

Deferred tax liability on our investment in The Farley Building (held through a taxable REIT subsidiary)

Refund of New York City transfer taxes related to the April 2019 transfer to Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV  

Other

Noncontrolling interests' share of above adjustments

71,087 

(62,685) 

(35,858) 

13,665 

(13,613) 

7,289 

575,373 

(40,290) 

Total of certain expense (income) items that impact net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders

$ 

535,083  $ 

7,880 

29,472 

(15,315) 

(44,607) 

10,868 

— 

(2,436) 

(14,138) 

1,205 

(12,933) 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Overview - continued

Year Ended December 31, 2022 Financial Results Summary - continued

The following table reconciles the difference between our FFO attributable to common shareholders plus assumed conversions 

and our FFO attributable to common shareholders plus assumed conversions, as adjusted:

(Amounts in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

Certain (income) expense items that impact FFO attributable to common shareholders plus assumed conversions:

After-tax net gain on sale of 220 CPS condominium units and ancillary amenities

$ 

(35,858)  $ 

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

Deferred tax liability on our investment in The Farley Building (held through a taxable REIT subsidiary)

Other

Noncontrolling interests' share of above adjustments

(17,372) 

13,665 

7,289 

(32,276) 

2,240 

(44,607) 

(643) 

10,868 

12,026 

(22,356) 

1,145 

Total of certain (income) expense items that impact FFO attributable to common shareholders plus assumed 

conversions, net

$ 

(30,036)  $ 

(21,211) 

Same Store Net Operating Income ("NOI") At Share

The  percentage  increase  in  same  store  NOI  at  share  and  same  store  NOI  at  share  -  cash  basis  of  our  New  York  segment, 

theMART and 555 California Street are below.

Year Ended December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021:

Total

New York

theMART(1)

555 
California 
Street

Same store NOI at share % increase

Same store NOI at share - cash basis % increase

 7.1 %

 9.0 %

 3.5 %

 5.0 %

 64.2 %

 58.0 %

 2.7% 

 13.3% 

________________________________________
(1)

Increase primarily due to (i) prior period accrual adjustments recorded in 2022 related to changes in the tax-assessed value and property tax rate of theMART and 
(ii) an increase in tradeshow activity in 2022 compared to 2021.
Calculations of same store NOI at share, reconciliations of our net (loss) income to NOI at share, NOI at share - cash basis and 
FFO and the reasons we consider these non-GAAP financial measures useful are provided in the following pages of Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dispositions

220 CPS

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we closed on the sale of three condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 CPS 
for  net  proceeds  of  $88,019,000  resulting  in  a  financial  statement  net  gain  of  $41,874,000  which  is  included  in  "net  gains  on 
disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income. In connection with these sales, 
$6,016,000 of income tax expense was recognized on our consolidated statements of income. From inception to December 31, 2022, 
we have closed on the sale of 109 units and ancillary amenities for net proceeds of $3,094,915,000 resulting in financial statement net 
gains of $1,159,129,000. As of December 31, 2022, we are 97% sold.

SoHo Properties

On  January  13,  2022,  we  sold  two  Manhattan  retail  properties  located  at  478-482  Broadway  and  155  Spring  Street  for 
$84,500,000 and realized net proceeds of $81,399,000. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $551,000 which is 
included in "net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income. 

Center Building (33-00 Northern Boulevard)

On  June  17,  2022,  we  sold  the  Center  Building,  an  eight-story  498,000  square  foot  office  building  located  at  33-00  Northern 
Boulevard in Long Island City, New York, for $172,750,000. We realized net proceeds of $58,946,000 after repayment of the existing 
$100,000,000 mortgage loan and closing costs. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $15,213,000 which is included 
in "net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income.

484-486 Broadway

On  December  15,  2022,  we  sold  484-486  Broadway,  a  30,000  square  foot  retail  and  residential  building  for  $23,520,000,  and 
realized net proceeds of $22,430,000. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $2,919,000 which is included in "net 
gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income.

40 Fulton Street

On December 21, 2022, we sold 40 Fulton Street, a 251,000 square foot Manhattan office and retail building, for $101,000,000, 
and realized net proceeds of $96,566,000. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $31,876,000 which is included in 
"net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income.

Financings

100 West 33rd Street

On  June  15,  2022,  we  completed  a  $480,000,000  refinancing  of  100  West  33rd  Street,  a  1.1  million  square  foot  building 
comprised of 859,000 square feet of office space and 255,000 square feet of retail space. The interest-only loan bears a rate of SOFR 
plus 1.65% (5.96% as of December 31, 2022) through March 2024, increasing to SOFR plus 1.85% thereafter. The interest rate on the 
loan was swapped to a fixed rate of 5.06% through March 2024, and 5.26% through June 2027. The loan matures in June 2027, with 
two  one-year  extension  options  subject  to  debt  service  coverage  ratio  and  loan-to-value  tests.  The  loan  replaces  the  previous 
$580,000,000 loan that bore interest at LIBOR plus 1.55% and was scheduled to mature in April 2024. 

770 Broadway

On  June  28,  2022,  we  completed  a  $700,000,000  refinancing  of  770  Broadway,  a  1.2  million  square  foot  Class  A  Manhattan 
office building. The interest-only loan bears a rate of SOFR plus 2.25% (6.48% as of December 31, 2022) and matures in July 2024 
with three one-year extension options (July 2027 as fully extended). The interest rate on the loan was swapped to a fixed rate of 4.98% 
through  July  2027.  The  loan  replaces  the  previous  $700,000,000  loan  that  bore  interest  at  SOFR  plus  1.86%  and  was  scheduled  to 
mature in July 2022.

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

On June 30, 2022, we amended and extended one of our two revolving credit facilities. The $1.25 billion amended facility bears 
interest at a rate of SOFR plus 1.15% (5.47% as of December 31, 2022). The term of the facility was extended from March 2024 to 
December 2027, as fully extended. The facility fee is 25 basis points. On August 16, 2022, the interest rate on the $575,000,000 drawn 
on the facility was swapped to a fixed interest rate of 3.88% through August 2027. Our other $1.25 billion revolving credit facility 
matures in April 2026, as fully extended, and bears a rate of SOFR plus 1.19% with a facility fee of 25 basis points.

Unsecured Term Loan

On June 30, 2022, we extended our $800,000,000 unsecured term loan from February 2024 to December 2027. The extended loan 

bears interest at a rate of SOFR plus 1.30% (5.62% as of December 31, 2022) and is currently swapped to a fixed rate of 4.05%.

330 West 34th Street land owner joint venture

On  August  18,  2022,  the  joint  venture  that  owns  the  fee  interest  in  the  330  West  34th  Street  land,  in  which  we  have  a  34.8% 
interest, completed a $100,000,000 refinancing. The interest-only loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.55% and matures in September 
2032. In connection with the refinancing, we realized net proceeds of $10,500,000. The loan replaces the previous $50,150,000 loan 
that bore interest at a fixed rate of 5.71%.

37

Financings - continued

697-703 Fifth Avenue (Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV)

On  December  21,  2022,  the  697-703  Fifth  Avenue  $450,000,000  non-recourse  mortgage  loan  matured  and  was  not  repaid,  at 
which time the lenders declared an event of default. During December 2022, $29,000,000 of property-level funds were applied by the 
lenders against the principal balance resulting in a $421,000,000 loan balance as of December 31, 2022. The loan bears default interest 
at the Prime Rate plus 1.00% (8.50% as of December 31, 2022). The Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV is in negotiations with the 
lenders regarding a restructuring but there can be no assurance as to the timing and ultimate resolution of these negotiations. We do 
not believe that the resolution of these negotiations will result in further impairment losses on our investment in the Fifth Avenue and 
Times Square JV.

Interest Rate Hedging Activities

We entered into the following interest rate swap arrangements during the year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 13 - Fair Value 
Measurements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on our consolidated hedging instruments.
(Amounts in thousands)

770 Broadway mortgage loan
Unsecured revolving credit facility
Unsecured term loan(1)
Unsecured term loan (effective 10/23)(1)
100 West 33rd Street mortgage loan
888 Seventh Avenue mortgage loan(2)

Notional Amount
700,000 
$ 
575,000
50,000 
500,000 
480,000 
200,000 

All-In Swapped 
Rate
4.98%
3.88%
4.04%
4.39%
5.06%
4.76%

Swap Expiration 
Date
07/27
08/27
08/27
10/26
06/27
09/27

Variable Rate 
Spread
S+225
S+115
S+130
S+130
S+165
S+180

________________________________________
(1) On  February  7,  2023,  we  entered  into  a  forward  interest  rate  swap  arrangement  for  $150,000  of  the  $800,000  unsecured  term  loan.  The  unsecured  term  loan, 

which matures in December 2027, is subject to various interest rate swap arrangements through August 2027, see below for details:

Swapped 
Balance

All-In Swapped 
Rate

Through 10/23

$ 

10/23 through 7/25

7/25 through 10/26

10/26 through 8/27

800,000 

700,000 

550,000 

50,000 

4.05%

4.53%

4.36%

4.04%

Unswapped 
Balance
(bears interest 
at S+130)

$ 

— 

100,000 

250,000 

750,000 

(2) The remaining $77,800 amortizing mortgage loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of SOFR plus 1.80%. 

Leasing Activity For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

The leasing activity and related statistics below are based on leases signed during the period and are not intended to coincide with 
the  commencement  of  rental  revenue  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America 
(“GAAP”). Second generation relet space represents square footage that has not been vacant for more than nine months and tenant 
improvements and leasing commissions are based on our share of square feet leased during the period.

•

•

•

•

894,000 square feet of New York Office space (753,000 square feet at share) at an initial rent of $84.51 per square foot and a 
weighted average lease term of 8.9 years. The changes in the GAAP and cash mark-to-market rent on the 498,000 square feet of 
second generation space were positive 9.0% and positive 5.4%, respectively. Tenant improvements and leasing commissions were 
$11.84 per square foot per annum, or 14.0% of initial rent.
111,000 square feet of New York Retail space (100,000 square feet at share) at an initial rent of $266.25 per square foot and a 
weighted average lease term of 11.6 years. The changes in the GAAP and cash mark-to-market rent on the 42,000 square feet of 
second generation space were negative 38.3% and negative 34.2%, respectively. Tenant improvements and leasing commissions 
were $22.68 per square foot per annum, or 8.5% of initial rent.
299,000 square feet at theMART (all at share) at an initial rent of $52.40 per square foot and a weighted average lease term of 7.2 
years.  The  changes  in  the  GAAP  and  cash  mark-to-market  rent  on  the  244,000  square  feet  of  second  generation  space  were 
negative 4.8% and negative 5.4%, respectively. Tenant improvements and leasing commissions were $10.48 per square foot per 
annum, or 20.0% of initial rent.
210,000  square  feet  at  555  California  Street  (147,000  square  feet  at  share)  at  an  initial  rent  of  $96.40  per  square  foot  and  a 
weighted average lease term of 5.9 years. The changes in the GAAP and cash mark-to-market rent on the 135,000 square feet of 
second generation space were positive 24.3% and positive 13.6%, respectively. Tenant improvements and leasing commissions 
were $7.15 per square foot per annum, or 7.4% of initial rent.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Square footage (in service) and Occupancy as of December 31, 2022

(Square feet in thousands)

New York:

Office

Retail (includes retail properties that are in the base of our office properties) 
Residential - 1,976 units(2)
Alexander's

Other:

theMART

555 California Street

Other

Total square feet at December 31, 2022

________________________________________
See notes below.

Number of
properties

Square Feet (in service)

Total
Portfolio

Our
Share

Occupancy %

30 (1)
56 (1)
6 (1)
6

4

3

11

18,724 

2,289 

1,499 

2,241 

24,753 

3,635 

1,819 

2,532 

7,986 

16,028 

1,851 

766 

726 

19,371 

3,626 

1,273 

1,197 

6,096 

32,739 

25,467 

 91.9% 

 74.4% 

 96.7% 

 96.4% 

 90.4% 

(2)

(2)

 81.6% 

 94.7% 

 92.6% 

Square footage (in service) and Occupancy as of December 31, 2021

(Square feet in thousands)

New York:

Office

Retail (includes retail properties that are in the base of our office properties)
Residential - 1,986 units(2)
Alexander's

Other:

theMART

555 California Street

Other

Number of
properties

Square Feet (in service)

Total
Portfolio

Our
Share

Occupancy %

32 (1)
60 (1)
8 (1)
6

4

3

11

19,442 

2,267 

1,518 

2,218 

25,445 

3,692 

1,818 

2,489 

7,999 

16,757 

1,825 

785 

719 

20,086 

3,683 

1,273 

1,154 

6,110 

 92.2% 

 80.7% 

 97.0% 

 95.6% 

 91.3% 

(2)

(2)

 88.9% 

 93.8% 

 92.8% 

Total square feet at December 31, 2021

33,444 

26,196 

________________________________________
(1) Reflects the Office, Retail and Residential space within our 71 and 76 total New York properties as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) The Alexander Apartment Tower (312 units) is reflected in Residential unit count and occupancy.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical Accounting Estimates

In preparing the consolidated financial statements we have made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting 
periods.  Accounting  estimates  are  deemed  critical  if  they  involve  a  significant  level  of  estimation  uncertainty  and  have  had  or  are 
reasonably  likely  to  have  a  material  impact  on  our  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations.  Below  is  a  summary  of  the  critical 
accounting  estimates  used  in  the  preparation  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements.  A  discussion  of  our  accounting  policies  is 
included in Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K.

Acquisitions of Real Estate

Upon  the  acquisition  of  real  estate,  we  assess  whether  the  transaction  should  be  accounted  for  as  an  asset  acquisition  or  as  a 
business combination. Acquisitions of integrated sets of assets and activities that do not meet the definition of a business are accounted 
for as asset acquisitions. Our acquisitions of real estate generally will not meet the definition of a business because substantially all of 
the  fair  value  is  concentrated  in  a  single  identifiable  asset  or  group  of  similar  identifiable  assets  (i.e.  land,  buildings,  and  related 
identified intangible assets).

We assess the fair value of acquired assets (including land, buildings and improvements, identified intangibles, such as acquired 
above and below-market leases, acquired in-place leases and tenant relationships) and acquired liabilities and we allocate the purchase 
price on a relative fair value basis. We assess fair value based on estimated cash flow projections based on a number of factors such as 
historical  operating  results,  known  trends,  and  market/economic  conditions  and  make  key  assumptions  regarding  the  discount  and 
capitalization rates used in our analyses. The use of different assumptions to value the acquired properties and allocate value between 
land and building could affect the revenues recognized over the terms of the leases at our properties and the expenses recognized over 
the property's estimated remaining useful life on our consolidated statements of income.

Impairment Analyses for Investments in Real Estate and Unconsolidated Partially Owned Entities

Our  investments  in  consolidated  properties,  including  any  related  right-of-use  assets  and  intangible  assets,  and  unconsolidated 
partially  owned  entities  are  individually  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the 
carrying amount may not be recoverable. For our unconsolidated partially owned entities, we consider various qualitative factors to 
determine  if  a  decrease  in  the  value  of  our  investment  is  other-than-temporary  during  our  intended  holding  period.  Assessing 
impairment  can  be  complex  and  involves  a  high  degree  of  subjectivity  in  determining  if  impairment  indicators  are  present  and  in 
estimating the future undiscounted cash flows or the fair value of an asset. In particular, these estimates are sensitive to significant 
assumptions,  including  the  estimation  of  future  rental  revenues,  operating  expenses,  capital  expenditures,  discount  rates  and 
capitalization rates and our intent and ability to hold the related asset, all of which could be affected by our expectations about future 
market or economic conditions. These estimates can have a significant impact on the undiscounted cash flows or estimated fair value 
of an asset and could thereby affect the value of our real estate investments on our consolidated balance sheets as well as any potential 
impairment losses recognized on our consolidated statements of income.

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022,  we  recognized  non-cash  impairment  losses  totaling  $595,488,000,  net  of 
noncontrolling  interests  of  $6,822,000,  on  certain  wholly  owned  and  partially  owned  assets.  See  Note  5  -  Investments  in  Partially 
Owned Entities and Note 13 - Fair Value Measurements to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K 
for further details.

Impairment analyses are based on information available at the time the analyses are prepared. Estimates of future cash flows are 
subjective and are based, in part, on assumptions regarding future rental revenues, operating expenses, capital expenditures, discount 
rates and capitalization rates which could differ materially from actual results.

Collectability Assessments for Revenue Recognition

We evaluate on an individual lease basis whether it is probable that we will collect substantially all amounts due from our tenants 
and recognize changes in the collectability assessment of our operating leases as adjustments to rental revenue. Management exercises 
judgment  in  assessing  collectability  of  tenant  receivables  and  considers  payment  history,  current  credit  status,  publicly  available 
information  about  the  financial  condition  of  the  tenant,  the  impact  of  COVID-19  on  tenants’  businesses,  and  other  factors.  Our 
assessment  of  the  collectability  of  tenant  receivables  can  have  a  significant  impact  on  the  rental  revenue  recognized  in  our 
consolidated statements of income.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual 

Report on Form 10-K for a discussion concerning recent accounting pronouncements.

40

NOI At Share by Segment for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

NOI at share represents total revenues less operating expenses including our share of partially owned entities. NOI at share - cash 
basis represents NOI at share adjusted to exclude straight-line rental income and expense, amortization of acquired below and above 
market  leases,  net  and  other  non-cash  adjustments.  We  consider  NOI  at  share  -  cash  basis  to  be  the  primary  non-GAAP  financial 
measure for making decisions and assessing the unlevered performance of our segments as it relates to the total return on assets as 
opposed to the levered return on equity. As properties are bought and sold based on NOI at share - cash basis, we utilize this measure 
to make investment decisions as well as to compare the performance of our assets to that of our peers. NOI at share and NOI at share - 
cash basis should not be considered alternatives to net income or cash flow from operations and may not be comparable to similarly 
titled measures employed by other companies.

Below is a summary of NOI at share and NOI at share - cash basis by segment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

(Amounts in thousands)

Total revenues

Operating expenses

NOI - consolidated

Deduct: NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Add: NOI from partially owned entities 

NOI at share

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net 

and other

NOI at share - cash basis

(Amounts in thousands)

Total revenues

Operating expenses

NOI - consolidated

Deduct: NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Add: NOI from partially owned entities 

NOI at share

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net 

and other

NOI at share - cash basis

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,799,995 

$ 

1,449,442 

$ 

(873,911) 

926,084 

(70,029) 

305,993 

1,162,048 

(716,148) 

733,294 

(45,566) 

293,780 

981,508 

(10,980) 

(18,509) 

$ 

1,151,068 

$ 

962,999 

$ 

350,553 

(157,763) 

192,790 

(24,463) 

12,213 

180,540 

7,529 

188,069 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,589,210 

$ 

1,257,599 

$ 

(797,315) 

791,895 

(69,385) 

310,858 

1,033,368 

(626,386) 

631,213 

(38,980) 

300,721 

892,954 

1,318 

(1,188) 

$ 

1,034,686 

$ 

891,766 

$ 

331,611 

(170,929) 

160,682 

(30,405) 

10,137 

140,414 

2,506 

142,920 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOI At Share by Segment for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 - continued

The elements of our New York and Other NOI at share for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 are summarized below.

(Amounts in thousands)

New York:

Office

Retail

Residential

Alexander's
Hotel Pennsylvania(1)

Total New York

Other:

theMART(2)

555 California Street

Other investments

Total Other

NOI at share

________________________________________
See notes below.

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

718,686 

$ 

205,753 

19,600 

37,469 

— 

981,508 

96,906 

65,692 

17,942 

180,540 

677,167 

173,363 

17,783 

37,318 

(12,677) 

892,954 

58,909 

64,826 

16,679 

140,414 

$ 

1,162,048 

$ 

1,033,368 

The  elements  of  our  New  York  and  Other  NOI  at  share  -  cash  basis  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022  and  2021  are 

summarized below.

(Amounts in thousands)

New York:

Office

Retail

Residential

Alexander's
Hotel Pennsylvania(1)

Total New York

Other:

theMART(2)

555 California Street

Other investments

Total Other

NOI at share - cash basis

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

715,407 

$ 

188,846 

18,214 

40,532 

— 

962,999 

101,912 

67,813 

18,344 

188,069 

686,507 

160,801 

16,656 

40,525 

(12,723) 

891,766 

64,389 

60,680 

17,851 

142,920 

$ 

1,151,068 

$ 

1,034,686 

________________________________________
(1) On  April  5,  2021,  we  permanently  closed  the  Hotel  Pennsylvania.  Beginning  in  the  third  quarter  of  2021,  we  commenced  capitalization  of  carrying  costs  in 

(2)

connection with our development of the Hotel Pennsylvania site.
Increase primarily due to (i) prior period accrual adjustments recorded in 2022 related to changes in the tax-assessed value and property tax rate of theMART and 
(ii) an increase in tradeshow activity in 2022 compared to 2021.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of Net (Loss) Income to NOI At Share and NOI At Share - Cash Basis for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 
and 2021

Below is a reconciliation of net (loss) income to NOI at share and NOI at share - cash basis for the years ended December 31, 

2022 and 2021.

(Amounts in thousands)

Net (loss) income

Depreciation and amortization expense

General and administrative expense

Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other

Loss (income) from partially owned entities

Income from real estate fund investments

Interest and other investment income, net

Interest and debt expense

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

Income tax expense (benefit)

NOI from partially owned entities

NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

NOI at share

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net and other

NOI at share - cash basis

NOI At Share by Region

Region:

New York City metropolitan area

Chicago, IL

San Francisco, CA

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

(382,612) 

$ 

504,502 

133,731 

31,722 

461,351 

(3,541) 

(19,869) 

279,765 

(100,625) 

21,660 

305,993 

(70,029) 

1,162,048 

(10,980) 

207,553 

412,347 

134,545 

13,815 

(130,517) 

(11,066) 

(4,612) 

231,096 

(50,770) 

(10,496) 

310,858 

(69,385) 

1,033,368 

1,318 

$ 

1,151,068 

$ 

1,034,686 

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

 86% 

 8% 

 6% 

 100% 

 88% 

 6% 

 6% 

 100% 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations – Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to December 31, 2021 

Revenues

Our  revenues  were  $1,799,995,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  compared  to  $1,589,210,000  in  the  prior  year,  an 

increase of $210,785,000. Below are the details of the increase by segment:

(Amounts in thousands)

Increase (decrease) due to:

Rental revenues:

Acquisitions, dispositions and other

$ 

Development and redevelopment
Trade shows(1)
Same store operations

Fee and other income:

BMS cleaning fees

Management and leasing fees

Other income

Total increase in revenues

________________________________________
See notes below.

Expenses

Total

New York

Other

$ 

10,750 

69,357 

13,187 

89,860 

183,154 

17,893 

(686) 

10,424 

27,631 

$ 

10,750 

69,357 

— 

90,840 

170,947 

19,639 

(532) 

1,789 

20,896 

— 

— 

13,187 

(980) 

12,207 

(1,746) 

(154) 

8,635 

6,735 

18,942 

$ 

210,785 

$ 

191,843 

$ 

Our  expenses  were  $1,534,249,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  compared  to  $1,367,869,000  in  the  prior  year,  an 

increase of $166,380,000. Below are the details of the increase (decrease) by segment:

(Amounts in thousands)

Increase (decrease) due to:

Operating:

Acquisitions, dispositions and other

Development and redevelopment

Non-reimbursable expenses
Trade shows(1)
Hotel Pennsylvania(2)
BMS expenses

Same store operations

Depreciation and amortization:

Acquisitions, dispositions and other

Development and redevelopment

Same store operations

General and administrative

Benefit from deferred compensation plan liability

Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other

$ 

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,555 

28,652 

27,555 

2,607 

(12,677) 

16,312 

12,592 

76,596 

63,366 

32,823 

(4,034) 

92,155 

(814) 

(19,464) 

17,907 

$ 

1,555 

27,804 

28,685 

— 

(12,677) 

18,058 

26,337 

89,762 

63,366 

32,823 

(4,932) 

91,257 

(2,143) 

— 

12,819 

(3)

— 

848 

(1,130) 

2,607 

— 

(1,746) 

(13,745) 

(13,166) 

— 

— 

898 

898 

1,329 

(19,464) 

5,088 

Total increase (decrease) in expenses

$ 

166,380 

$ 

191,695 

$ 

(25,315) 

________________________________________
(1) We cancelled trade shows at theMART beginning late March of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and resumed in the third quarter of 2021.
(2) On  April  5,  2021,  we  permanently  closed  the  Hotel  Pennsylvania.  Beginning  in  the  third  quarter  of  2021,  we  commenced  capitalization  of  carrying  costs  in 

connection with our development of the Hotel Pennsylvania site.

(3) Primarily due to an increase in impairment losses on wholly owned street retail assets ($19,098 in 2022 and $7,880 in 2021).

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations – Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to December 31, 2021 - continued

(Loss) Income from Partially Owned Entities

Below are the components of (loss) income from partially owned entities. 

(Amounts in thousands)

Our share of net (loss) income:

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV:
Non-cash impairment loss(1)

Equity in net income

Return on preferred equity, net of our share of the expense

Partially owned office buildings(2)
Alexander's(3)
Other investments(4)

Percentage 
Ownership at 
December 31, 2022

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

51.5%

$ 

(489,859)  $ 

55,248 

37,416 

(397,195) 

(110,261) 

22,973 

23,132 

$ 

(461,351)  $ 

Various

32.4%

Various

— 

47,144 

37,416 

84,560 

6,384 

40,121 

(548) 

130,517 

________________________________________
(1) See Note 5 - Investments in Partially Owned Entities to the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional 

(2)

(3)

information.
Includes interests in 280 Park Avenue, 650 Madison Avenue, One Park Avenue (consolidated from August 5, 2021), 7 West 34th Street, 512 West 22nd Street, 61 
Ninth Avenue, 85 Tenth Avenue and others. 2022 includes a $93,353 impairment loss on our investment in 650 Madison Avenue.
2021 includes our $11,620 share of net gain on the sale of the Paramus, New Jersey property to IKEA Property, Inc., and our $2,956 share of net gain on the sale 
of a parcel of land in the Bronx, New York.
Includes interests in Independence Plaza, Rosslyn Plaza and others. 2022 includes $17,185 of net gains from dispositions of two investments.

(4)
Income from Real Estate Fund Investments 

Below is a summary of income from the Vornado Capital Partners Real Estate Fund (“the Fund”) and the Crowne Plaza Times 

Square Hotel Joint Venture.

(Amounts in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

Previously recorded unrealized loss on exited investments

$ 

59,396  $ 

Realized (loss) income on exited investments

Net unrealized (loss) income on held investments

Net investment income 

Income from real estate fund investments

Less income attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

(54,255) 

(7,730) 

6,130 

3,541 

(1,870) 

Income from real estate fund investments net of noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

$ 

1,671  $ 

Interest and Other Investment Income, net

The following table sets forth the details of interest and other investment income, net.

— 

1,364 

3,257 

6,445 

11,066 

(7,309) 

3,757 

(Amounts in thousands)

Interest on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Amortization of discount on investments in U.S. Treasury bills

Interest on loans receivable

Other, net

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

7,553  $ 

7,075 

5,006 

235 

19,869  $ 

284 

— 

2,517 

1,811 

4,612 

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations – Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to December 31, 2021 - continued

Interest and Debt Expense

Interest and debt expense was $279,765,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $231,096,000 in the prior year, 
an increase of $48,669,000. This was primarily due to (i) $52,926,000 of higher interest expense resulting from higher average interest 
rates  on  our  variable  rate  loans,  and  (ii)  $19,235,000  of  lower  capitalized  interest  and  debt  expense,  partially  offset  by  (iii) 
$23,729,000 of lower interest expense relating to defeasance costs, of which $7,119,000 is attributable to noncontrolling interest, in 
connection with the refinancing of 1290 Avenue of the Americas in 2021.

Net Gains on Disposition of Wholly Owned and Partially Owned Assets

Net  gains  on  disposition  of  wholly  owned  and  partially  owned  assets  of  $100,625,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022, 
primarily consists of (i) $41,874,000 from the sale of three condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 CPS, (ii) $31,876,000 
from  the  sale  of  40  Fulton  Street,  (iii)  $15,213,000  from  the  sale  of  Center  Building  located  at  33-00  Northern  Boulevard  in  Long 
Island City, New York, (iv) $13,613,000 from the refund of New York City real property transfer tax paid in connection with the April 
2019 Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV transaction, and (v) $2,919,000 from the sale of 484-486 Broadway. Net gains on disposition 
of wholly owned and partially owned assets of $50,770,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021, primarily consists of net gains 
from the sale of condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 CPS. 

Income Tax (Expense) Benefit

Income tax expense was $21,660,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to a benefit of $10,496,000 in the prior 
year, an increase in expense of $32,156,000. This was primarily due to (i) additional expense in 2022 from book to tax differences on 
on our investment in The Farley Building and (ii) a higher tax benefit recognized by our taxable REIT subsidiaries in 2021 compared 
to 2022.

Net Loss (Income) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries

Net  loss  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interests  in  consolidated  subsidiaries  was  $5,737,000  for  the  year  ended  December  31, 
2022, compared to net income of $24,014,000 in the prior year, a decrease in income of $29,751,000. This resulted primarily from a 
net loss in 2022 subject to allocation to the noncontrolling interests of our non-wholly owned consolidated subsidiaries compared to 
net income in 2021.

Net Loss (Income) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests in the Operating Partnership (Vornado Realty Trust)

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership was $30,376,000 for the year ended December 31, 
2022, compared to net income of $7,540,000 in the prior year, a decrease in income of $37,916,000. This resulted primarily from a net 
loss in 2022 subject to allocation to third party Class A unitholders compared to net income in 2021.

Preferred Share Dividends of Vornado Realty Trust

Preferred share dividends were $62,116,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $65,880,000 in the prior year, a 

decrease of $3,764,000. 

Preferred Unit Distributions of Vornado Realty L.P.

Preferred unit distributions were $62,231,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $66,035,000 in the prior year, a 

decrease of $3,804,000.

Preferred Share/Unit Issuance Costs

Preferred share/unit issuance costs for the year ended December 31, 2021 were $9,033,000 representing the previously capitalized 
issuance  costs  which  were  expensed  upon  calling  for  redemption  of  all  the  outstanding  Series  K  cumulative  redeemable  preferred 
shares/units in September 2021.

46

Results of Operations – Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to December 31, 2021 - continued

Same Store Net Operating Income At Share

Same store NOI at share represents NOI at share from operations which are in service in both the current and prior year reporting 
periods. Same store NOI at share - cash basis is same store NOI at share adjusted to exclude straight-line rental income and expense, 
amortization of acquired below and above market leases, net and other non-cash adjustments. We present these non-GAAP measures 
to (i) facilitate meaningful comparisons of the operational performance of our properties and segments, (ii) make decisions on whether 
to buy, sell or refinance properties, and (iii) compare the performance of our properties and segments to those of our peers. Same store 
NOI  at  share  and  same  store  NOI  at  share  -  cash  basis  should  not  be  considered  alternatives  to  net  income  or  cash  flow  from 
operations and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures employed by other companies.

Below are reconciliations of NOI at share to same store NOI at share for our New York segment, theMART, 555 California Street 

and other investments for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021.

(Amounts in thousands)

Total

New York

theMART

555 California 
Street

Other

NOI at share for the year ended December 31, 2022

$  1,162,048 

$ 

981,508 

$ 

96,906 

$ 

65,692 

$ 

17,942 

Less NOI at share from:

Change in ownership interest in One Park Avenue

Dispositions

Development properties

Other non-same store income, net

Same store NOI at share for the year ended December 31, 2022

(13,370) 

(9,494) 

(69,779) 

(26,701) 
$  1,042,704 

$ 

(13,370) 

(9,494) 

(69,779) 

(8,557) 
880,308 

NOI at share for the year ended December 31, 2021

$  1,033,368 

$ 

892,954 

Less NOI at share from:

Dispositions

Development properties

Hotel Pennsylvania (permanently closed on April 5, 2021)

Other non-same store income, net

(13,512) 

(31,291) 

12,677 

(27,774) 

(13,512) 

(30,443) 

12,677 

(11,095) 

Same store NOI at share for the year ended December 31, 2021

$ 

973,468 

$ 

850,581 

Increase in same store NOI at share

$ 

69,236 

$ 

29,727 

— 

— 

— 

(202) 
96,704 

58,909 

— 

— 

— 

— 

58,909 

37,795 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

— 

— 

— 

— 
65,692 

64,826 

— 

(848) 

— 

— 

63,978 

1,714 

— 

— 

— 

(17,942) 
— 

16,679 

— 

— 

— 

(16,679) 

— 

— 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

% increase in same store NOI at share

 7.1 %

 3.5 %

 64.2 %

 2.7 %

 — %

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations – Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to December 31, 2021 - continued

Same Store Net Operating Income At Share - continued

Below  are  reconciliations  of  NOI  at  share  -  cash  basis  to  same  store  NOI  at  share  -  cash  basis  for  our  New  York  segment, 

theMART, 555 California Street and other investments for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021.

(Amounts in thousands)

Total

New York

theMART

555 
California 
Street

Other

NOI at share - cash basis for the year ended December 31, 2022

$  1,151,068 

$ 

962,999 

$ 

101,912 

$ 

67,813 

$ 

18,344 

Less NOI at share - cash basis from:

Change in ownership interest in One Park Avenue

Dispositions

Development properties

Other non-same store income, net

(10,111) 

(8,719) 

(47,846) 

(28,211) 

(10,111) 

(8,719) 

(47,846) 

(9,665) 

— 

— 

— 

(202) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(18,344) 

Same store NOI at share - cash basis for the year ended December 31, 2022

$  1,056,181 

$ 

886,658 

$ 

101,710 

$ 

67,813 

$ 

— 

NOI at share - cash basis for the year ended December 31, 2021

$  1,034,686 

$ 

891,766 

$ 

64,389 

$ 

60,680 

$ 

17,851 

Less NOI at share - cash basis from:

Dispositions

Development properties
Hotel Pennsylvania (permanently closed on April 5, 2021)
Other non-same store income, net

(13,469) 

(32,453) 
12,723 
(32,789) 

(13,469) 

(31,605) 
12,723 
(14,938) 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

(848) 
— 
— 

Same store NOI at share - cash basis for the year ended December 31, 2021

$ 

968,698 

$ 

844,477 

$ 

64,389 

$ 

59,832 

Increase in same store NOI at share - cash basis

$ 

87,483 

$ 

42,181 

$ 

37,321 

$ 

7,981 

— 

— 
— 
(17,851) 

— 

— 

$ 

$ 

% increase in same store NOI at share - cash basis

 9.0 %

 5.0 %

 58.0 %

 13.3 %

 — %

Related Party Transactions

See  Note  22  -  Related  Party  Transactions  to  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  a 

discussion concerning related party transactions.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our  cash  requirements  include  property  operating  expenses,  capital  improvements,  tenant  improvements,  debt  service,  leasing 
commissions,  dividends  to  our  shareholders,  distributions  to  unitholders  of  the  Operating  Partnership,  as  well  as  acquisition  and 
development and redevelopment costs. The sources of liquidity to fund these cash requirements include rental revenue, which is our 
primary source of cash flow and is dependent upon the occupancy and rental rates of our properties; proceeds from debt financings, 
including mortgage loans, senior unsecured borrowings, unsecured term loans and unsecured revolving credit facilities; proceeds from 
the issuance of common and preferred equity; and asset sales.

As of December 31, 2022, we have $3.4 billion of liquidity comprised of $1.0 billion of cash and cash equivalents and restricted 
cash, $472 million of investments in U.S. Treasury bills and $1.9 billion available on our $2.5 billion revolving credit facilities. The 
ongoing challenges posed by the increase in interest rates and inflation and the continuing effect of the COVID-19 pandemic could 
adversely impact our cash flow from continuing operations but we anticipate that cash flow from continuing operations over the next 
twelve months together with cash balances on hand will be adequate to fund our business operations, cash distributions to unitholders 
of  the  Operating  Partnership,  cash  dividends  to  our  shareholders,  debt  amortization  and  recurring  capital  expenditures.  Capital 
requirements  for  development  and  redevelopment  expenditures  and  acquisitions  may  require  funding  from  borrowings,  equity 
offerings and/or asset sales.

We may from time to time purchase or retire outstanding debt securities or redeem our equity securities. Such purchases, if any, 
will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements and other factors. The amounts involved in connection with these 
transactions could be material to our consolidated financial statements.

Summary of Cash Flows

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash  was  $1,021,157,000  at  December  31,  2022,  a  $909,194,000  decrease  from  the 

balance at December 31, 2021.

Our cash flow activities are summarized as follows:

(Amounts in thousands)

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash used in financing activities

Operating Activities

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

Increase (Decrease) 
in Cash Flow

$ 

798,944  $ 

761,806  $ 

(906,864) 

(801,274) 

(532,347) 

(29,477) 

37,138 

(374,517) 

(771,797) 

Net cash provided by operating activities primarily consists of cash inflows from rental revenues and operating distributions from 
our  non-consolidated  partially  owned  entities  less  cash  outflows  for  property  expenses,  general  and  administrative  expenses  and 
interest expense. For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash provided by operating activities of $798,944,000 was comprised of 
$711,610,000 of cash from operations, including distributions of income from partially owned entities of $184,501,000 and return of 
capital from real estate fund investments of $5,141,000, and a net increase of $87,334,000 in cash due to the timing of cash receipts 
and payments related to changes in operating assets and liabilities.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources - continued

Summary of Cash Flows - continued

Investing Activities

Net  cash  flow  used  in  investing  activities  is  impacted  by  the  timing  and  extent  of  our  development,  capital  improvement, 

acquisition and disposition activities during the year.

The following table details the net cash used in investing activities:

(Amounts in thousands)

Purchase of U.S. Treasury bills

Development costs and construction in progress

Proceeds from maturities of U.S. Treasury bills 

Proceeds from sales of real estate

Additions to real estate

Proceeds from sale of condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 Central Park South

Distributions of capital from partially owned entities

Investments in partially owned entities

Acquisitions of real estate and other
Acquisition of additional 45.0% ownership interest in One Park Avenue (inclusive of $5,806 

of prorations and net working capital and net of $39,370 of cash and restricted cash 
balances consolidated upon acquisition)

Proceeds from repayments of loan receivables

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

 (Decrease) 
Increase in Cash 
Flow

$ 

(1,066,096)  $ 

—  $ 

(737,999) 

597,499 

373,264 

(159,796) 

88,019 

34,417 

(33,172) 

(3,000) 

— 

— 

(585,940) 

— 

100,024 

(149,461) 

137,404 

106,005 

(14,997) 

(3,000) 

(123,936) 

1,554 

$ 

(906,864)  $ 

(532,347)  $ 

(1,066,096) 

(152,059) 

597,499 

273,240 

(10,335) 

(49,385) 

(71,588) 

(18,175) 

— 

123,936 

(1,554) 

(374,517) 

Net  cash  flow  used  in  financing  activities  is  impacted  by  the  timing  and  extent  of  issuances  of  debt  and  equity  securities, 
distributions  paid  to  common  shareholders  and  unitholders  of  the  Operating  Partnership  as  well  as  principal  and  other  repayments 
associated with our outstanding debt.

The following table details the net cash used in financing activities:

(Amounts in thousands)

Repayments of borrowings

Proceeds from borrowings

Dividends paid on common shares/Distributions to Vornado

Distributions to redeemable security holders and noncontrolling interests in consolidated 

subsidiaries

Dividends paid on preferred shares/Distributions to preferred unitholders

Debt issuance costs

Contributions from noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Proceeds received from exercise of Vornado stock options and other

Repurchase of shares/Class A units related to stock compensation agreements and related tax 

withholdings and other

Purchase of marketable securities in connection with defeasance of mortgage payable

Redemption of preferred shares/units

Proceeds from the issuance of preferred shares/units

Net cash used in financing activities

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

Increase (Decrease) 
in Cash Flow

$ 

(1,251,373)  $ 

(1,584,243)  $ 

1,029,773 

(406,562) 

(84,699) 

(62,116) 

(32,706) 

5,609 

885 

(85) 

— 

— 

— 

3,248,007 

(406,109) 

(190,876) 

(65,880) 

(51,184) 

4,052 

899 

(1,567) 

(973,729) 

(300,000) 

291,153 

$ 

(801,274)  $ 

(29,477)  $ 

332,870 

(2,218,234) 

(453) 

106,177 

3,764 

18,478 

1,557 

(14) 

1,482 

973,729 

300,000 

(291,153) 

(771,797) 

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources - continued

Dividends

On January 18, 2023, Vornado declared a quarterly common dividend of $0.375 per share (an indicated annual rate of $1.50 per 
common  share).  This  dividend,  if  declared  by  the  Board  of  Trustees  for  all  of  2023,  would  require  the  Operating  Partnership  to 
distribute (i) approximately $288,000,000 of cash to Vornado for distribution to its common shareholders and (ii) $22,000,000 of cash 
to third party Class A unitholders. Additionally, during 2023, Vornado expects to pay approximately $62,000,000 of cash dividends on 
outstanding preferred shares.

Debt

We have an effective shelf registration for the offering of our equity and debt securities that is not limited in amount due to our 
status  as  a  “well-known  seasoned  issuer.”  We  have  issued  senior  unsecured  notes  from  a  shelf  registration  statement  that  contain 
financial covenants that restrict our ability to incur debt, and that require us to maintain a level of unencumbered assets based on the 
level of our secured debt. Our unsecured revolving credit facilities and unsecured term loan contain financial covenants that require us 
to maintain minimum interest coverage and maximum debt to market capitalization ratios, and provide for higher interest rates in the 
event  of  a  decline  in  our  ratings  below  Baa3/BBB-.  Our  unsecured  revolving  credit  facilities  and  unsecured  term  loan  also  contain 
customary conditions precedent to borrowing, including representations and warranties, and contain customary events of default that 
could give rise to accelerated repayment, including such items as failure to pay interest or principal. As of December 31, 2022, we are 
in compliance with all of the financial covenants required by our senior unsecured notes, our unsecured revolving credit facilities and 
our unsecured term loan.

A summary of our consolidated debt as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 is presented below.

(Amounts in thousands)

As of December 31, 2022

As of December 31, 2021

Consolidated debt:

Fixed rate

Variable rate

Total

Deferred financing costs, net and other

Total, net

$ 

Balance

6,145,000 

2,307,615 

8,452,615 

(63,572) 

Weighted
Average
Interest Rate(1)

3.59%

5.67%

4.16%

Weighted
Average
Interest Rate(1)

3.06%

1.59%

2.29%

$ 

Balance

4,140,000 

4,534,215 

8,674,215 

(58,268) 

$ 

8,389,043 

$ 

8,615,947 

_______________________________________
(1) Represents the interest rate in effect as of period end based on the appropriate reference rate as of the contractual reset date plus contractual spread, adjusted for 

hedging instruments, as applicable.
During 2023 and 2024, $21,600,000 and $396,415,000, respectively, of our outstanding consolidated debt matures, assuming the 
exercise of as-of-right extension options. We may refinance this maturing debt as it comes due or choose to repay it using cash and 
cash equivalents or our unsecured revolving credit facilities. We may also refinance or prepay other outstanding debt depending on 
prevailing  market  conditions,  liquidity  requirements  and  other  factors.  The  amounts  involved  in  connection  with  these  transactions 
could be material to our consolidated financial statements. 

Details  of  2022  financing  activities  are  provided  in  the  “Overview”  of  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial 

Condition and Results of Operations.

The contractual principal and interest repayments schedule of our consolidated debt as of December 31, 2022 is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands)

Total

Less than 1 Year

1 – 3 Years

3 – 5 Years

Thereafter

Notes and mortgages payable
Senior unsecured notes due 2025
Senior unsecured notes due 2026
Senior unsecured notes due 2031
Unsecured term loan
Revolving credit facilities

Total contractual principal(1) and interest(2) 

repayments

$ 

7,125,211  $ 
482,156 
429,431 
450,224 
976,841 
686,833 

285,403  $ 
15,750 
8,600 
11,900 
34,700 
22,598 

1,788,462  $ 
466,406 
17,200 
23,800 
73,162 
45,258 

2,451,226  $ 

— 
403,631 
23,800 
868,979 
618,977 

2,600,120 
— 
— 
390,724 
— 
— 

$ 

10,150,696  $ 

378,951  $ 

2,414,288  $ 

4,366,613  $ 

2,990,844 

________________________________________
(1) Based on the contractual maturity of our loans, including as-of-right extension options, as of December 31, 2022.
(2) Estimated interest for variable rate debt based on the 1-month LIBOR or Term SOFR curve available as of December 31, 2022.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources - continued

Capital Expenditures

Capital  expenditures  consist  of  expenditures  to  maintain  and  improve  assets,  tenant  improvement  allowances  and  leasing 
commissions. During 2023, we expect to incur $250,000,000 of capital expenditures for our consolidated properties. We plan to fund 
these  capital  expenditures  from  operating  cash  flow,  existing  liquidity,  and/or  borrowings.  Our  partially  owned  non-consolidated 
subsidiaries typically fund their capital expenditures without any additional equity contribution from us.

Development and Redevelopment Expenditures

Development  and  redevelopment  expenditures  consist  of  all  hard  and  soft  costs  associated  with  the  development  and 
redevelopment of a property. We plan to fund these development and redevelopment expenditures from operating cash flow, existing 
liquidity, and/or borrowings. See detailed discussion below for our current development and redevelopment projects. 

PENN District

The Farley Building
Our  95%  joint  venture  (5%  is  owned  by  the  Related  Companies  ("Related"))  is  completing  the  development  of  The  Farley 
Building,  which  includes  approximately  846,000  rentable  square  feet  of  commercial  space,  comprised  of  approximately  730,000 
square feet of office space and approximately 116,000 square feet of restaurant and retail space. The total development cost of this 
project is estimated to be approximately $1,120,000,000 at our 95% share, of which $1,111,493,000 of cash has been expended as of 
December 31, 2022.

PENN 1
We  are  redeveloping  PENN  1,  a  2,546,000  square  foot  office  building  located  on  34th  Street  between  Seventh  and  Eighth 
Avenue. In December 2020, we entered into an agreement with the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (the “MTA”) to oversee the 
redevelopment  of  the  Long  Island  Rail  Road  Concourse  at  Penn  Station  (the  "Concourse").  Skanska  USA  Civil  Northeast,  Inc.  is 
performing the redevelopment under a fixed price contract for $396,000,000 which is being funded by the MTA. In connection with 
the  redevelopment,  we  entered  into  an  agreement  with  the  MTA  which  will  result  in  the  widening  of  the  Concourse  to  relieve 
overcrowding and our trading of 15,000 square feet of back of house space for 22,000 square feet of retail frontage space. Vornado's 
total development cost of our PENN 1 project is estimated to be $450,000,000, of which $375,810,000 of cash has been expended as 
of December 31, 2022.

PENN 2
We are redeveloping PENN 2, a 1,795,000 square foot (as expanded) office building, located on the west side of Seventh Avenue 
between 31st and 33rd Street. The development cost of this project is estimated to be $750,000,000, of which $393,126,000 of cash 
has been expended as of December 31, 2022.

Hotel Pennsylvania Site
We have permanently closed the Hotel Pennsylvania and plan to develop an office tower on the site. Demolition of the existing 

building structure commenced in the fourth quarter of 2021.

We  are  also  making  districtwide  improvements  within  the  PENN  District.  The  development  cost  of  these  improvements  is 

estimated to be $100,000,000, of which $41,776,000 of cash has been expended as of December 31, 2022. 

We are also evaluating other development and redevelopment opportunities at certain of our properties in Manhattan including, in 

particular, the PENN District and 350 Park Avenue.

There can be no assurance that the above projects will be completed, completed on schedule or within budget.

Other Obligations

We have contractual cash obligations for certain properties that are subject to long-term ground and building leases. During 2023, 
$46,847,000 of lease payments are due, including fair market rent resets accounted for as variable rent. For 2024 and thereafter, we 
have $2,509,517,000 of future lease payments. We believe that our operating cash flow will be adequate to fund these lease payments.

52

Liquidity and Capital Resources - continued

Insurance

For our properties, we maintain general liability insurance with limits of $300,000,000 per occurrence and per property, of which 
$250,000,000  includes  communicable  disease  coverage,  and  we  maintain  all  risk  property  and  rental  value  insurance  with  limits  of 
$2.0 billion per occurrence, with sub-limits for certain perils such as flood and earthquake, excluding communicable disease coverage.  
Our California properties have earthquake insurance with coverage of $350,000,000 per occurrence and in the aggregate, subject to a 
deductible in the amount of 5% of the value of the affected property. We maintain coverage for certified terrorism acts with limits of 
$6.0 billion per occurrence and in the aggregate (as listed below), $1.2 billion for non-certified acts of terrorism, and $5.0 billion per 
occurrence and in the aggregate for terrorism involving nuclear, biological, chemical and radiological (“NBCR”) terrorism events, as 
defined by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, as amended to date and which has been extended through December 2027.

Penn Plaza Insurance Company, LLC (“PPIC”), our wholly owned consolidated subsidiary, acts as a re-insurer with respect to a 
portion of all risk property and rental value insurance and a portion of our earthquake insurance coverage, and as a direct insurer for 
coverage for acts of terrorism including NBCR acts. Coverage for acts of terrorism (excluding NBCR acts) is fully reinsured by third 
party  insurance  companies  and  the  Federal  government  with  no  exposure  to  PPIC.  For  NBCR  acts,  PPIC  is  responsible  for  a 
deductible  of  $1,774,525  and  20%  of  the  balance  of  a  covered  loss  and  the  Federal  government  is  responsible  for  the  remaining 
portion of a covered loss. We are ultimately responsible for any loss incurred by PPIC.

Certain  condominiums  in  which  we  own  an  interest  (including  the  Farley  Condominiums)  maintain  insurance  policies  with 

different per occurrence and aggregate limits than our policies described above.

We  continue  to  monitor  the  state  of  the  insurance  market  and  the  scope  and  costs  of  coverage  for  acts  of  terrorism  and  other 
events.  However,  we  cannot  anticipate  what  coverage  will  be  available  on  commercially  reasonable  terms  in  the  future.  We  are 
responsible for uninsured losses and for deductibles and losses in excess of our insurance coverage, which could be material. 

Our  debt  instruments,  consisting  of  mortgage  loans  secured  by  our  properties,  senior  unsecured  notes  and  revolving  credit 
agreements  contain  customary  covenants  requiring  us  to  maintain  insurance.  Although  we  believe  that  we  have  adequate  insurance 
coverage for purposes of these agreements, we may not be able to obtain an equivalent amount of coverage at reasonable costs in the 
future.  Further,  if  lenders  insist  on  greater  coverage  than  we  are  able  to  obtain  it  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  finance  or 
refinance our properties and expand our portfolio.

Other Commitments and Contingencies

We are from time to time involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, after consultation 
with legal counsel, the outcome of such matters is not currently expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows.

Each of our properties has been subjected to varying degrees of environmental assessment at various times. The environmental 
assessments did not reveal any material environmental contamination. However, there can be no assurance that the identification of 
new areas of contamination, changes in the extent or known scope of contamination, the discovery of additional sites, or changes in 
cleanup requirements would not result in significant costs to us. 

In July 2018, we leased 78,000 square feet at 345 Montgomery Street in San Francisco, CA, to a subsidiary of Regus PLC, for an 
initial term of 15 years. The obligations under the lease were guaranteed by Regus PLC in an amount of up to $90,000,000. The tenant 
purported to terminate the lease prior to space delivery. We commenced a suit on October 23, 2019 seeking to enforce the lease and 
the  guaranty.  On  May  11,  2021,  the  court  issued  a  final  statement  of  decision  in  our  favor  and  on  January  31,  2023,  the  Court  of 
Appeal affirmed the lower court’s decision. On October 9, 2020, the successor to Regus PLC filed for bankruptcy in Luxembourg. We 
are  actively  pursuing  claims  relating  to  the  guaranty  against  the  successor  to  Regus  PLC  and  its  parent  in  Luxembourg  and  other 
jurisdictions.

Our mortgage loans are non-recourse to us, except for the mortgage loans secured by 640 Fifth Avenue, 7 West 34th Street and 
435 Seventh Avenue, which we guaranteed and therefore are part of our tax basis. In certain cases we have provided guarantees or 
master  leased  tenant  space.  These  guarantees  and  master  leases  terminate  either  upon  the  satisfaction  of  specified  circumstances  or 
repayment of the underlying loans. In addition, we have guaranteed the rent and payments in lieu of real estate taxes due to ESD, an 
entity of New York State, for The Farley Building. As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate dollar amount of these guarantees and 
master leases is approximately $1,553,000,000.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  $15,273,000  of  letters  of  credit  were  outstanding  under  one  of  our  unsecured  revolving  credit 
facilities. Our unsecured revolving credit facilities contain financial covenants that require us to maintain minimum interest coverage 
and maximum debt to market capitalization ratios, and provide for higher interest rates in the event of a decline in our ratings below 
Baa3/BBB- (our current ratings). Our unsecured revolving credit facilities also contain customary conditions precedent to borrowing, 
including representations and warranties, and also contain customary events of default that could give rise to accelerated repayment, 
including such items as failure to pay interest or principal.

53

Liquidity and Capital Resources - continued

Other Commitments and Contingencies - continued

Our  95%  consolidated  joint  venture  (5%  is  owned  by  Related)  is  completing  the  development  of  The  Farley  Building.  In 
connection with the development of the property, the joint venture admitted a historic Tax Credit Investor partner (the "Tax Credit 
Investor").  Under  the  terms  of  the  historic  tax  credit  arrangement,  the  joint  venture  is  required  to  comply  with  various  laws, 
regulations, and contractual provisions. Non-compliance with applicable requirements could result in projected tax benefits not being 
realized and, therefore, may require a refund or reduction of the Tax Credit Investor’s capital contributions. As of December 31, 2022, 
the  Tax  Credit  Investor  has  made  $92,400,000  in  capital  contributions.  Vornado  and  Related  have  guaranteed  certain  of  the  joint 
venture’s obligations to the Tax Credit Investor.

As investment manager of the Fund we are entitled to an incentive allocation after the limited partners have received a preferred 
return on their invested capital. The incentive allocation is subject to catch-up and clawback provisions. Accordingly, based on the 
December 31, 2022 fair value of the Fund assets, at liquidation we would be required to make a $26,400,000 payment to the limited 
partners, net of amounts owed to us, representing a clawback of previously paid incentive allocations, which would have no income 
statement impact as it was previously accrued.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  expect  to  fund  additional  capital  to  certain  of  our  partially  owned  entities  aggregating 

approximately $10,300,000.

As of December 31, 2022, we have construction commitments aggregating approximately $409,000,000.

54

Funds From Operations

Vornado Realty Trust

FFO is computed in accordance with the definition adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate 
Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”). NAREIT defines FFO as GAAP net income or loss adjusted to exclude net gains from sales of certain 
real  estate  assets,  real  estate  impairment  losses,  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  from  real  estate  assets  and  other  specified 
items, including the pro rata share of such adjustments of unconsolidated subsidiaries. FFO and FFO per diluted share are non-GAAP 
financial  measures  used  by  management,  investors  and  analysts  to  facilitate  meaningful  comparisons  of  operating  performance 
between periods and among our peers because it excludes the effect of real estate depreciation and amortization and net gains on sales, 
which are based on historical costs and implicitly assume that the value of real estate diminishes predictably over time, rather than 
fluctuating  based  on  existing  market  conditions.  The  Company  also  uses  FFO  attributable  to  common  shareholders  plus  assumed 
conversions, as adjusted for certain items that impact the comparability of period-to-period FFO, as one of several criteria to determine 
performance-based compensation for senior management. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities and is not 
necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash requirements and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as a 
performance measure or cash flow as a liquidity measure. FFO may not be comparable to similarly titled measures employed by other 
companies. The calculations of both the numerator and denominator used in the computation of income per share are disclosed in Note 
18  –  (Loss)  Income  Per  Share/(Loss)  Income  Per  Class  A  Unit,  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  Part  II,  Item  8  of  this 
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  Details  of  certain  items  that  impact  FFO  are  discussed  in  the  financial  results  summary  of  our 
“Overview.”

Below is a reconciliation of net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders to FFO attributable to common shareholders 

plus assumed conversions for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

Reconciliation of net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders to FFO attributable to common 

shareholders plus assumed conversions:

Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders

Per diluted share

FFO adjustments:

Depreciation and amortization of real property

Real estate impairment losses

Net gains on sale of real estate

Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net (loss) income of partially owned entities to arrive at FFO:

Depreciation and amortization of real property

Net gains on sale of real estate

Increase in fair value of marketable securities

Real estate impairment losses 

Noncontrolling interests' share of above adjustments
FFO adjustments, net

FFO attributable to common shareholders

Convertible preferred share dividends

FFO attributable to common shareholders plus assumed conversions

Per diluted share

Reconciliation of weighted average shares outstanding:

Weighted average common shares outstanding

Effect of dilutive securities:

Convertible securities(1)
Share-based payment awards
Denominator for FFO per diluted share

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

(408,615)  $ 

(2.13)  $ 

101,086 

0.53 

456,920  $ 

19,098 

(58,751) 

130,647 

(169) 

— 

576,390 

1,124,135 

(77,912) 
1,046,223  $ 

637,608  $ 

1,320 

638,928  $ 

3.30  $ 

373,792 

7,880 

— 

139,247 

(15,675) 

(1,155) 

— 

504,089 

(34,144) 
469,945 

571,031 

43 

571,074 

2.97 

191,775 

191,551 

1,545 

250 
193,570 

26 

571 
192,148 

________________________________________
(1) On January 1, 2022, we adopted Accounting Standards Update 2020-06, which requires us to include our Series D-13 cumulative redeemable preferred units and 

Series G-1 through G-4 convertible preferred units in our dilutive earnings per share calculations, if the effect is dilutive.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7A. 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We have exposure to fluctuations in market interest rates. Market interest rates are sensitive to many factors that are beyond our 
control.  Our  exposure  to  a  change  in  interest  rates  on  our  consolidated  and  non-consolidated  debt  (all  of  which  arises  out  of  non-
trading activity) is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands, except per share and unit amounts)

Consolidated debt:
Fixed rate(2)
Variable rate(3)

Pro rata share of debt of non-consolidated entities:

Fixed rate(2)
Variable rate(4)

Noncontrolling interests’ share of consolidated subsidiaries

Total change in annual net income attributable to the Operating Partnership

Noncontrolling interests’ share of the Operating Partnership

Total change in annual net income attributable to Vornado

Total change in annual net income attributable to the 
   Operating Partnership per diluted Class A unit

Total change in annual net income attributable to Vornado 
   per diluted share

2022

December 31, 
Balance

Weighted
Average
Interest Rate(1)

Effect of 1%
Change In
Base Rates

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

6,145,000 

2,307,615 

8,452,615 

1,447,457 

1,249,769 

2,697,226 

3.59%

5.67%

4.16%

3.72%

6.19%

4.87%

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

— 

23,076 

23,076 

— 

12,498 

12,498 

(6,821) 

28,753 

(1,995) 

26,758 

0.14 

0.14 

_______________________________________
(1) Represents the interest rate in effect as of period end based on the appropriate reference rate as of the contractual reset date plus contractual spread, adjusted for 

(2)
(3)

(4)

hedging instruments, as applicable.
Includes variable rate debt subject to interest rate swap arrangements as of period end.
Includes variable rate debt subject to interest rate cap arrangements with a total notional amount of $1,649,120, of which $322,060 is attributable to noncontrolling 
interests. The interest rate cap arrangements have a weighted average strike rate of 4.14% and a weighted average remaining term of nine months. These amounts 
exclude the forward cap we entered into in December 2022 for the $525,000 One Park Avenue mortgage loan effective upon the March 2023 expiration of the 
existing cap. The forward cap has a SOFR strike rate of 3.89% and expires in March 2024.
Includes  variable  rate  debt  subject  to  interest  rate  cap  arrangements  with  a  total  notional  amount  of  $850,710  at  our  pro  rata  share.  The  interest  rate  cap 
arrangements have a weighted average strike rate of 4.11% and a weighted average remaining term of ten months.

Fair Value of Debt

The estimated fair value of our consolidated debt is calculated based on current market prices and discounted cash flows at the 
current rate at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings for the remaining term of such debt. As of 
December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of our consolidated debt was $8,093,000,000. 

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7A. 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK - continued

Derivatives and Hedging 

We  utilize  various  financial  instruments  to  mitigate  the  impact  of  interest  rate  fluctuations  on  our  cash  flows  and  earnings, 
including hedging strategies, depending on our analysis of the interest rate environment and the costs and risks of such strategies. The 
following table summarizes our consolidated hedging instruments, all of which hedge variable rate debt, as of December 31, 2022 and 
2021.

(Amounts in thousands)

Interest Rate Swaps:

555 California Street mortgage loan

770 Broadway mortgage loan

PENN 11 mortgage loan

Unsecured revolving credit facility

Unsecured term loan

100 West 33rd Street mortgage loan

888 Seventh Avenue mortgage loan
Unsecured term loan (effective October 2023)

4 Union Square South mortgage loan

Interest Rate Caps:

1290 Avenue of the Americas mortgage loan

One Park Avenue mortgage loan

Various mortgage loans

Fair Value
Asset (Liability) as of

December 31,

2022

2021

December 31, 2022

Notional 
Amount

All-In 
Swapped 
Rate

Swap 
Expiration 
Date

$ 

49,888  $ 

11,814  $ 

840,000 

(1)

29,226 

26,587 

24,457 

14,694 

6,886 

6,544 
6,330 

4,050 

7,590 

5,472 

2,080 

— 

6,565 

— 

(28,976) 

— 

— 
— 

700,000 

500,000 

575,000 

800,000 

480,000 

200,000 
500,000 

(3)

(3,861) 

100,000 

(4)

411 

— 

139 

950,000 

525,000 

2.26%

4.98%

2.22%

3.88%

4.05%

5.06%

4.76%
4.39%

3.74%

(5)

(6)

05/24

07/27

03/24

08/27

(2)

06/27

09/27
10/26

01/25

11/23

03/24

Included in other assets

Included in other liabilities

$ 

$ 

183,804  $ 

—  $ 

18,929 

32,837 

________________________________________
(1) Represents our 70.0% share of the $1.2 billion mortgage loan.
(2) Comprised of a $750,000 interest rate swap arrangement expiring October 2023 and a $50,000 interest rate swap arrangement expiring August 2027.
(3) The remaining $77,800 amortizing mortgage loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of SOFR plus 1.80% (5.92% as of December 31, 2022).
(4) Upon the sale of 33-00 Northern Boulevard in June 2022, the $100,000 corporate-level interest rate swap was reallocated and now hedges  the interest  rate on 
$100,000 of the 4 Union Square South mortgage loan through January 2025. The remaining $20,000 mortgage loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of 
SOFR plus 1.50% (5.62% as of December 31, 2022).

(5) LIBOR cap strike rate of 4.00%.
(6) SOFR cap strike rate of 4.39%. In December 2022, we entered into a forward cap for the $525,000 One Park Avenue mortgage loan effective upon the March 

2023 expiration of the existing cap. The forward cap has a SOFR strike rate of 3.89% and expires in March 2024.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 8.  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Vornado Realty Trust

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 34)

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2022 and 2021

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

 Vornado Realty L.P.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm  (PCAOB ID No. 34)

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2022 and 2021

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Vornado Realty Trust and Vornado Realty L.P.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
Number

59

61

62

63

64

67

70

72

73

74

75

78

81

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and Board of Trustees
Vornado Realty Trust
New York, New York

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Vornado  Realty  Trust  and  subsidiaries  (the  "Company")  as  of 
December  31,  2022  and  2021,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income,  changes  in  equity,  and  cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at 
Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows 
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in 
the United States of America.

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our 
report dated February 13, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company's  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the 
Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to 
be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. 
Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to 
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence 
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current-period  audit  of  the  financial  statements  that  was 
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material 
to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex  judgments.  The  communication  of 
critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by 
communicating  the  critical  audit  matter  below,  providing  a  separate  opinion  on  the  critical  audit  matter  or  on  the  accounts  or 
disclosures to which it relates.

Real Estate Impairment – Refer to Notes 2, 5, 13, and 15 to the financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company’s real estate properties are individually reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment exists when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the aggregate 
projected future cash flows over the anticipated holding period on an undiscounted basis. An impairment loss is measured based on the 
excess of the property’s carrying amount over its fair value.  The Company also reviews its investments in partially owned entities for 
impairment when indications of potential impairment exist. An impairment loss for investments in partially owned entities is recorded 
when  there  is  a  decline  in  the  fair  value  below  the  carrying  value  that  is  other  than  temporary.  Fair  value  is  determined  based  on 
estimated cash flow projections that utilize discount and capitalization rates and available market information. 

Preparing the Company’s estimated cash flow projections requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related 
to future market rental rates, capitalization rates, and discount rates. 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022,  the  Company  recognized  impairment  losses  of  $19,098,000  which  are  included  in 
“Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other” and $583,212,000 which are included in “(Loss) income from partially owned 
entities” within the consolidated statements of income. 

59

We identified the impairment of real estate properties as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions 
related to future market rental rates, capitalization rates and discount rates. Performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness 
of these estimates and assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to 
involve our fair value specialists.   

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to impairment included the following, among others:

• We  tested  the  effectiveness  of  controls  over  management’s  evaluation  of  recoverability  of  its  properties,  including  those  over 

future market rental rates and capitalization rates used in the assessment.

• We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s evaluation of impairment of its properties and investments in partially 
owned entities and measurement of that impairment based on discounted cash flows, including those over the future market rental 
rates, capitalization rates, and discount rates used in the assessment.

• We evaluated the reasonableness of future market rental rates, capitalization rates, and discount rates used by management with 
independent market data, focusing on geographical location and property type. In addition, we developed ranges of independent 
estimates  of  future  market  rental  rates,  capitalization  rates,  and  discount  rates  and  compared  those  to  the  amounts  used  by 
management.

• We  involved  our  fair  value  specialists  in  providing  comparable  market  transaction  details  to  further  support  the  future  market 

rental rates, capitalization rates and discount rates assumptions, as applicable.

• We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s projected future cash flow analyses by comparing management’s projections 

to the Company’s historical results.

• We evaluated whether the assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

New York, New York
February 13, 2023

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1976.

60

VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except unit, share and per share amounts)

ASSETS

Real estate, at cost:
Land
Buildings and improvements
Development costs and construction in progress
Leasehold improvements and equipment

Total

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

Real estate, net
Right-of-use assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Investments in U.S. Treasury bills
Tenant and other receivables
Investments in partially owned entities
Real estate fund investments
220 Central Park South condominium units ready for sale
Receivable arising from the straight-lining of rents
Deferred leasing costs, net of accumulated amortization of $237,395 and $211,775
Identified intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $98,139 and $97,186
Other assets

LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND EQUITY

Mortgages payable, net
Senior unsecured notes, net
Unsecured term loan, net
Unsecured revolving credit facilities
Lease liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred revenue
Deferred compensation plan
Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests:

Class A units - 14,416,891 and 14,033,438 units outstanding
Series D cumulative redeemable preferred units - 141,400 units outstanding

Total redeemable noncontrolling partnership units
Redeemable noncontrolling interest in a consolidated subsidiary

Total redeemable noncontrolling interests

Shareholders' equity:

Preferred shares of beneficial interest: no par value per share; authorized 110,000,000 shares; issued and 

outstanding 48,792,902 shares

Common shares of beneficial interest: $0.04 par value per share; authorized 250,000,000 shares; issued and 

outstanding 191,866,880 and 191,723,608 shares

Additional capital
Earnings less than distributions
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

Total shareholders' equity
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Total equity

See notes to the consolidated financial statements.

61

As of December 31,

2022

2021

2,451,828  $ 
9,804,204 
933,334 
125,389 
13,314,755 
(3,470,991) 
9,843,764 
684,380 
889,689 
131,468 
471,962 
81,170 
2,665,073 
— 
43,599 
694,972 
373,555 
139,638 
474,105 
16,493,375  $ 

5,829,018  $ 
1,191,832 
793,193 
575,000 
735,969 
450,881 
39,882 
96,322 
268,166 
9,980,263 

345,157 
3,535 
348,692 
88,040 
436,732 

2,540,193 
9,839,166 
718,694 
119,792 
13,217,845 
(3,376,347) 
9,841,498 
337,197 
1,760,225 
170,126 
— 
79,661 
3,297,389 
7,730 
57,142 
656,318 
391,693 
154,895 
512,714 
17,266,588 

6,053,343 
1,189,792 
797,812 
575,000 
370,206 
613,497 
48,118 
110,174 
304,725 
10,062,667 

587,440 
3,535 
590,975 
97,708 
688,683 

1,182,459 

1,182,459 

7,654 
8,369,228 
(3,894,580) 
174,967 
5,839,728 
236,652 
6,076,380 
16,493,375  $ 

7,648 
8,143,093 
(3,079,320) 
(17,534) 
6,236,346 
278,892 
6,515,238 
17,266,588 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

REVENUES:

Rental revenues

Fee and other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES:

Operating

Depreciation and amortization

General and administrative

Benefit (expense) from deferred compensation plan liability

Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

1,607,685  $ 

1,424,531  $ 

192,310 

1,799,995 

(873,911) 

(504,502) 

(133,731) 

9,617 

(31,722) 

164,679 

1,589,210 

(797,315) 

(412,347) 

(134,545) 

(9,847) 

(13,815) 

1,377,635 

150,316 

1,527,951 

(789,066) 

(399,695) 

(181,509) 

(6,443) 

(174,027) 

Total expenses

(1,534,249) 

(1,367,869) 

(1,550,740) 

(Loss) income from partially owned entities

Income (loss) from real estate fund investments

Interest and other investment income (loss), net

(Loss) income from deferred compensation plan assets

Interest and debt expense

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

(Loss) income before income taxes

Income tax (expense) benefit

Net (loss) income   

Less net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in:

Consolidated subsidiaries

Operating Partnership

Net (loss) income attributable to Vornado

Preferred share dividends

Series K preferred share issuance costs

NET (LOSS) INCOME attributable to common shareholders

(LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON SHARE - BASIC:

Net (loss) income per common share

Weighted average shares outstanding

(LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON SHARE - DILUTED:

Net (loss) income per common share

Weighted average shares outstanding

(461,351) 

3,541 

19,869 

(9,617) 

(279,765) 

100,625 

(360,952) 

(21,660) 

(382,612) 

5,737 

30,376 

(346,499) 

(62,116) 

— 

130,517 

11,066 

4,612 

9,847 

(231,096) 

50,770 

197,057 

10,496 

207,553 

(24,014) 

(7,540) 

175,999 

(65,880) 

(9,033) 

(329,112) 

(226,327) 

(5,499) 

6,443 

(229,251) 

381,320 

(425,215) 

(36,630) 

(461,845) 

139,894 

24,946 

(297,005) 

(51,739) 

— 

(408,615)  $ 

101,086  $ 

(348,744) 

(2.13)  $ 

191,775 

0.53  $ 

191,551 

(1.83) 

191,146 

(2.13)  $ 

191,775 

0.53  $ 

192,122 

(1.83) 

191,146 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Amounts in thousands)

Net (loss) income 

Other comprehensive income (loss):

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(382,612)  $ 

207,553  $ 

(461,845) 

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps and other

Other comprehensive income (loss) of nonconsolidated subsidiaries

Comprehensive (loss) income 

Less comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests

190,493 

18,874 

(173,245) 

19,247 

51,338 

10,275 

269,166 

(35,602) 

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Vornado

$ 

(153,998)  $ 

233,564  $ 

(29,971) 

(14,342) 

(506,158) 

174,287 

(331,871) 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amount)

Preferred Shares

Common Shares

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional
Capital

Earnings
Less Than
Distributions

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income

Non-
controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries

Total
Equity

Balance as of December 31, 2021

48,793 

$ 1,182,459 

  191,724 

$ 

7,648 

$ 8,143,093 

$  (3,079,320)  $ 

(17,534)  $ 

278,892 

$  6,515,238 

Net loss attributable to Vornado

Net income attributable to 

nonredeemable noncontrolling  
interests in consolidated 
subsidiaries

Dividends on common shares 

($2.12 per share)

Dividends on preferred shares (see 
Note 11 for dividends per share 
amounts)

Common shares issued:

Upon redemption of Class A 
units, at redemption value
Under employees' share option 

plan

Under dividend reinvestment 

plan

Contributions

Distributions

Deferred compensation shares and 

options

Other comprehensive income of 
nonconsolidated subsidiaries

Change in fair value of interest 

rate swaps and other

Redeemable Class A unit 

measurement adjustment

Noncontrolling interests' share of 

above adjustments

Other

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

117 

— 

28 

— 

— 

(2) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(346,499) 

— 

— 

— 

3,519 

7 

877 

— 

— 

588 

— 

— 

221,145 

— 

(1) 

— 

(406,562) 

(62,116) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(85) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

18,874 

190,494 

— 

— 

(346,499) 

3,931 

3,931 

— 

(406,562) 

— 

(62,116) 

— 

— 

— 

5,609 

3,524 

7 

878 

5,609 

(54,388) 

(54,388) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

503 

18,874 

190,494 

221,145 

(16,866) 

2,616 

(14,250) 

(1) 

(8) 

(8) 

Balance as of December 31, 2022

48,793 

$ 1,182,459 

  191,867 

$ 

7,654 

$ 8,369,228 

$  (3,894,580)  $ 

174,967 

$ 

236,652 

$  6,076,380 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

Preferred Shares

Common Shares

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional
Capital

Earnings
Less Than
Distributions

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Non-
controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries

Total
Equity

Balance as of December 31, 2020

48,793 

$ 1,182,339 

  191,355 

$ 

7,633 

$ 8,192,507 

$  (2,774,182)  $ 

(75,099)  $ 

414,957 

$  6,948,155 

Net income attributable to 

Vornado

Net income attributable to 

nonredeemable noncontrolling  
interests in consolidated 
subsidiaries

Dividends on common shares 

($2.12 per share)

Dividends on preferred shares (see 
Note 11 for dividends per share 
amounts)

Series O cumulative redeemable 
     preferred shares issuance

Common shares issued:

Upon redemption of Class A 
units, at redemption value

Under employees' share option 

plan

Under dividend reinvestment 

plan

Contributions

Distributions

Conversion of Series A preferred 
    shares to common shares

Deferred compensation shares and 
    options

Other comprehensive income of 
nonconsolidated subsidiaries

Change in fair value of interest 
    rate swaps

Unearned 2018 Out-Performance 

Plan awards acceleration

Redeemable Class A unit 

measurement adjustment

Series K cumulative redeemable 
    preferred shares called for 
    redemption

Redeemable noncontrolling 
    interests' share of above 
    adjustments

Other

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

350 

1 

21 

— 

— 

1 

(4) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

12,000 

291,153 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(13) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(12,000) 

(290,967) 

— 

— 

— 

(53) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

14 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

175,999 

— 

— 

— 

— 

14,562 

22 

876 

— 

— 

13 

906 

— 

— 

10,283 

(76,073) 

— 

(406,109) 

(65,880) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(114) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(9,033) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

10,275 

51,337 

— 

— 

— 

— 

175,999 

20,826 

20,826 

— 

(406,109) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

4,052 

(65,880) 

291,153 

14,576 

22 

877 

4,052 

(160,975) 

(160,975) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

792 

10,275 

51,337 

10,283 

(76,073) 

— 

(300,000) 

— 

(3) 

— 

(1) 

(4,048) 

1 

— 

32 

(4,048) 

(24) 

Balance as of December 31, 2021

48,793 

$ 1,182,459 

  191,724 

$ 

7,648 

$ 8,143,093 

$  (3,079,320)  $ 

(17,534)  $ 

278,892 

$  6,515,238 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amount)

Preferred Shares

Common Shares

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional
Capital

Earnings
Less Than
Distributions

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive 
Loss

Non-
controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries

Total
Equity

Balance as of December 31, 2019

36,796 

$  891,214 

  190,986 

$ 

7,618 

$ 7,827,697 

$  (1,954,266)  $ 

(40,233)  $ 

578,948 

$  7,310,978 

Cumulative effect of accounting 

change

Net loss attributable to Vornado

Net loss attributable to 

noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated subsidiaries

Dividends on common shares
   ($2.38 per share)

Dividends on preferred shares (see 
Note 11 for dividends per share 
amounts)

Series N cumulative redeemable 
    preferred shares issuance

Common shares issued:

Upon redemption of Class 

A units, at redemption value

Under employees' share option 

plan

Under dividend reinvestment 

plan

Contributions:

Real estate fund investments

Other

Distributions

Conversion of Series A preferred
     shares to common shares

Deferred compensation shares and
     options

Other comprehensive loss of 

nonconsolidated subsidiaries

Change in fair value of interest rate 

swaps

Unearned 2017 Out-Performance 

Plan awards acceleration

Redeemable Class A unit 

measurement adjustment

Redeemable noncontrolling 
interests' share of above 
adjustments

Other

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

12,000 

291,182 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(3) 

(57) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

236 

69 

47 

— 

— 

— 

4 

13 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

9 

3 

2 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

9,257 

3,514 

2,343 

— 

— 

— 

57 

(16,064) 

(297,005) 

— 

(454,939) 

(51,739) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,305 

(137) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

10,824 

344,043 

— 

(6,533) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(32) 

(14,342) 

(29,972) 

— 

— 

2,914 

6,534 

— 

— 

(16,064) 

(297,005) 

(140,438) 

(140,438) 

— 

(454,939) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

3,389 

4,305 

(51,739) 

291,182 

9,266 

3,517 

2,345 

3,389 

4,305 

(33,007) 

(33,007) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,169 

(14,342) 

(29,972) 

10,824 

344,043 

— 

1,760 

2,914 

1,729 

Balance as of December 31, 2020

48,793 

$ 1,182,339 

  191,355 

$ 

7,633 

$ 8,192,507 

$  (2,774,182)  $ 

(75,099)  $ 

414,957 

$  6,948,155 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

Net (loss) income 

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization (including amortization of deferred financing costs)

Equity in net loss (income) of partially owned entities

Distributions of income from partially owned entities

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

Straight-lining of rents

Stock-based compensation expense

Real estate impairment losses

Change in deferred tax liability

Amortization of below-market leases, net

Return of capital from real estate fund investments

Net realized and unrealized loss (income) on real estate fund investments

Write-off of lease receivables deemed uncollectible
Defeasance cost in connection with refinancing of mortgage payable
Non-cash gain on extinguishment of 608 Fifth Avenue lease liability

Credit losses on loans receivable

Decrease in fair value of marketable securities

Other non-cash adjustments

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Real estate fund investments

Tenant and other receivables

Prepaid assets

Other assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

Purchase of U.S. Treasury bills

Development costs and construction in progress

Proceeds from maturities of U.S. Treasury bills 

Proceeds from sales of real estate

Additions to real estate

Proceeds from sale of condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 Central Park South

Distributions of capital from partially owned entities

Investments in partially owned entities

Acquisitions of real estate and other
Acquisition of additional 45.0% ownership interest in One Park Avenue (inclusive of $5,806 of 
prorations and net working capital and net of $39,370 of cash and restricted cash balances 
consolidated upon acquisition)

Proceeds from repayments of loan receivables

Moynihan Train Hall expenditures

Proceeds from sales of marketable securities

Net cash used in investing activities

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(382,612)  $ 

207,553  $ 

(461,845) 

526,306 

461,351 

184,501 

(100,625) 

(46,177) 

29,249 

19,098 

14,005 

(5,178) 

5,141 

2,589 

872 
— 
— 

— 

— 

432,594 

(130,517) 

214,521 

(50,770) 

8,644 

38,329 

7,880 

11,243 

(9,249) 

5,104 

(4,621) 

7,695 
23,729 
— 

— 

— 

3,090 

(3,875) 

— 

(4,437) 

104,186 

(34,615) 

5,718 

16,482 

798,944 

(1,066,096) 

(737,999) 

597,499 

373,264 

(159,796) 

88,019 

34,417 

(33,172) 

(3,000) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(4,474) 

(187) 

30,466 

(54,716) 

35,856 

(3,399) 

761,806 

— 

100,024 

(149,461) 

137,404 

106,005 

(14,997) 

(3,000) 

(123,936) 

1,554 

— 

— 

417,942 

329,112 

175,246 

(381,320) 

24,404 

48,677 

236,286 

(96) 

(16,878) 

— 

226,107 

63,204 
— 
(70,260) 

13,369 

4,938 

6,835 

(7,197) 

(5,330) 

(137,452) 

(52,832) 

14,868 

(3,538) 

424,240 

— 

— 

(155,738) 

1,044,260 

2,389 

(8,959) 

(1,156) 

— 

— 

(395,051) 

28,375 

(87,800) 

— 

— 

(585,940) 

(601,920) 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

(906,864) 

(532,347) 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS – CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

Repayments of borrowings

Proceeds from borrowings

Dividends paid on common shares

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid on preferred shares

Debt issuance costs

Contributions from noncontrolling interests

Proceeds received from exercise of employee share options and other

Repurchase of shares related to stock compensation agreements and related tax withholdings and 

other

Purchase of marketable securities in connection with defeasance of mortgage payable

Redemption of preferred shares

Proceeds from the issuance of preferred shares

Moynihan Train Hall reimbursement from Empire State Development
Net cash used in financing activities

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period

Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Restricted cash at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

Restricted cash at end of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(1,251,373)  $ 

(1,584,243)  $ 

(1,067,564) 

1,029,773 

(406,562) 

(84,699) 

(62,116) 

(32,706) 

5,609 

885 

(85) 

— 

— 

— 

— 
(801,274) 
(909,194) 

1,930,351 

3,248,007 

(406,109) 

(190,876) 

(65,880) 

(51,184) 

4,052 

899 

(1,567) 

(973,729) 

(300,000) 

291,153 

— 
(29,477) 
199,982 

1,730,369 

1,021,157  $ 

1,930,351  $ 

1,056,315 

(827,319) 

(91,514) 

(64,271) 

(10,901) 

100,094 

5,862 

(137) 

— 

— 

291,182 

395,051 
(213,202) 
123,238 

1,607,131 

1,730,369 

1,760,225  $ 

1,624,482  $ 

1,515,012 

170,126 

105,887 

92,119 

1,930,351  $ 

1,730,369  $ 

1,607,131 

889,689  $ 

1,760,225  $ 

1,624,482 

131,468 

170,126 

105,887 

1,021,157  $ 

1,930,351  $ 

1,730,369 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS – CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands)

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:

Cash payments for interest, excluding capitalized interest of $19,085, $38,320 and $40,855

Cash payments for income taxes

Non-Cash Information:

Additional estimated lease liability arising from the recognition of right-of-use asset

Write-off of fully depreciated assets

Redeemable Class A unit measurement adjustment

Change in fair value of consolidated interest rate swaps and other

Accrued capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses

Reclassification of condominium units from "development costs and construction in progress" to 
   "220 Central Park South condominium units ready for sale"

Increase in assets and liabilities resulting from the consolidation of One Park Avenue:

Real estate

Identified intangible assets
Mortgages payable

Deferred revenue

Marketable securities transferred in connection with the defeasance of mortgage payable

Defeasance of mortgage payable

Reclassification of assets held for sale (included in "other assets")

Decrease in assets and liabilities resulting from the deconsolidation of Moynihan Train Hall:

Real estate, net

Moynihan Train Hall Obligation

$ 

$ 

$ 

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

252,371  $ 

188,587  $ 

7,947  $ 

9,155  $ 

210,052 

15,105 

350,000  $ 

(278,561) 

221,145 

190,494 

104,750 

—  $ 

(123,537) 

(76,073) 

51,337 

291,690 

— 

(189,250) 

344,043 

(29,972) 

117,641 

32,604 

16,014 

388,280 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

566,013 

139,545 
525,000 

18,884 

(973,729) 

950,000 

80,005 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1,291,804) 

(1,291,804) 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Partners
Vornado Realty L.P.
New York, New York

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Vornado  Realty  L.P.  and  subsidiaries  (the  "Partnership")  as  of 
December  31,  2022  and  2021,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income,  changes  in  equity,  and  cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at 
Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects,  the  financial  position  of  the  Partnership  as  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  and  the  results  of  its  operations  and  its  cash 
flows  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2022,  in  conformity  with  the  accounting  principles  generally 
accepted in the United States of America.

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB), the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our 
report dated February 13, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Partnership's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to 
be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Partnership  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. 
Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to 
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence 
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current-period  audit  of  the  financial  statements  that  was 
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material 
to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex  judgments.  The  communication  of 
critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by 
communicating  the  critical  audit  matter  below,  providing  a  separate  opinion  on  the  critical  audit  matter  or  on  the  accounts  or 
disclosures to which it relates.

Real Estate Impairment – Refer to Notes 2, 5, 13, and 15 to the financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description

The  Partnership’s  real  estate  properties  are  individually  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances 
indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  exists  when  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  exceeds  the 
aggregate projected future cash flows over the anticipated holding period on an undiscounted basis. An impairment loss is measured 
based on the excess of the property’s carrying amount over its fair value.  The Partnership also reviews its investments in partially 
owned entities for impairment when indications of potential impairment exist. An impairment loss for investments in partially owned 
entities  is  recorded  when  there  is  a  decline  in  the  fair  value  below  the  carrying  value  that  is  other  than  temporary.  Fair  value  is 
determined based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize discount and capitalization rates and available market information. 
Preparing  the  Partnership’s  estimated  cash  flow  projections  requires  management  to  make  significant  estimates  and  assumptions 
related to future market rental rates, capitalization rates, and discount rates. 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022,  the  Partnership  recognized  impairment  losses  of  $19,098,000  which  are  included  in 
“Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other” and $583,212,000 which are included in “(Loss) income from partially owned 
entities” within the consolidated statements of income. 

70

We identified the impairment of real estate properties as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions 
related to future market rental rates, capitalization rates and discount rates. Performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness 
of these estimates and assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to 
involve our fair value specialists.   

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to impairment included the following, among others:

• We  tested  the  effectiveness  of  controls  over  management’s  evaluation  of  recoverability  of  its  properties,  including  those  over 

future market rental rates and capitalization rates used in the assessment.

• We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s evaluation of impairment of its properties and investments in partially 
owned entities and measurement of that impairment based on discounted cash flows, including those over the future market rental 
rates, capitalization rates, and discount rates used in the assessment.

• We evaluated the reasonableness of future market rental rates, capitalization rates, and discount rates used by management with 
independent market data, focusing on geographical location and property type. In addition, we developed ranges of independent 
estimates  of  future  market  rental  rates,  capitalization  rates,  and  discount  rates  and  compared  those  to  the  amounts  used  by 
management.

• We  involved  our  fair  value  specialists  in  providing  comparable  market  transaction  details  to  further  support  the  future  market 

rental rates, capitalization rates and discount rates assumptions, as applicable.

• We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s projected future cash flow analyses by comparing management’s projections 

to the Partnership’s historical results.

• We evaluated whether the assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

New York, New York
February 13, 2023

We have served as the Partnership’s auditor since 1997.

71

VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except unit amounts)

ASSETS

Real estate, at cost:
Land
Buildings and improvements
Development costs and construction in progress
Leasehold improvements and equipment

Total

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

Real estate, net
Right-of-use assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Investments in U.S. Treasury bills
Tenant and other receivables
Investments in partially owned entities
Real estate fund investments
220 Central Park South condominium units ready for sale
Receivable arising from the straight-lining of rents 
Deferred leasing costs, net of accumulated amortization of $237,395 and $211,775
Identified intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $98,139 and $97,186
Other assets

LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND EQUITY

Mortgages payable, net
Senior unsecured notes, net
Unsecured term loan, net
Unsecured revolving credit facilities
Lease liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred revenue
Deferred compensation plan
Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests:

Class A units - 14,416,891 and 14,033,438 units outstanding
Series D cumulative redeemable preferred units - 141,400 units outstanding

Total redeemable noncontrolling partnership units

Redeemable noncontrolling interest in a consolidated subsidiary

Total redeemable noncontrolling interests

Partners' equity:

Partners' capital
Earnings less than distributions
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

Total partners' equity

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Total equity

See notes to the consolidated financial statements.

As of December 31,

2022

2021

2,451,828  $ 
9,804,204 
933,334 
125,389 
13,314,755 
(3,470,991) 
9,843,764 
684,380 
889,689 
131,468 
471,962 
81,170 
2,665,073 
— 
43,599 
694,972 
373,555 
139,638 
474,105 
16,493,375  $ 

5,829,018  $ 
1,191,832 
793,193 
575,000 
735,969 
450,881 
39,882 
96,322 
268,166 
9,980,263 

345,157 
3,535 
348,692 
88,040 
436,732 

9,559,341 
(3,894,580) 
174,967 
5,839,728 
236,652 
6,076,380 
16,493,375  $ 

2,540,193 
9,839,166 
718,694 
119,792 
13,217,845 
(3,376,347) 
9,841,498 
337,197 
1,760,225 
170,126 
— 
79,661 
3,297,389 
7,730 
57,142 
656,318 
391,693 
154,895 
512,714 
17,266,588 

6,053,343 
1,189,792 
797,812 
575,000 
370,206 
613,497 
48,118 
110,174 
304,725 
10,062,667 

587,440 
3,535 
590,975 
97,708 
688,683 

9,333,200 
(3,079,320) 
(17,534) 
6,236,346 
278,892 
6,515,238 
17,266,588 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts)

REVENUES:

Rental revenues

Fee and other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES:

Operating

Depreciation and amortization

General and administrative

Benefit (expense) from deferred compensation plan liability

Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

1,607,685  $ 

1,424,531  $ 

192,310 

1,799,995 

(873,911) 

(504,502) 

(133,731) 

9,617 

(31,722) 

164,679 

1,589,210 

(797,315) 

(412,347) 

(134,545) 

(9,847) 

(13,815) 

1,377,635 

150,316 

1,527,951 

(789,066) 

(399,695) 

(181,509) 

(6,443) 

(174,027) 

Total expenses

(1,534,249) 

(1,367,869) 

(1,550,740) 

(Loss) income from partially owned entities

Income (loss) from real estate fund investments

Interest and other investment income (loss), net

(Loss) income from deferred compensation plan assets

Interest and debt expense

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

(Loss) income before income taxes

Income tax (expense) benefit

Net (loss) income

Less net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Net (loss) income attributable to Vornado Realty L.P.

Preferred unit distributions

Series K preferred unit issuance costs

NET (LOSS) INCOME attributable to Class A unitholders

(LOSS) INCOME PER CLASS A UNIT - BASIC:

Net (loss) income per Class A unit

Weighted average units outstanding

(LOSS) INCOME PER CLASS A UNIT - DILUTED:

Net (loss) income per Class A unit

Weighted average units outstanding

(461,351) 

3,541 

19,869 

(9,617) 

(279,765) 

100,625 

(360,952) 

(21,660) 

(382,612) 

5,737 

(376,875) 

(62,231) 

— 

130,517 

11,066 

4,612 

9,847 

(231,096) 

50,770 

197,057 

10,496 

207,553 

(24,014) 

183,539 

(66,035) 

(9,033) 

(329,112) 

(226,327) 

(5,499) 

6,443 

(229,251) 

381,320 

(425,215) 

(36,630) 

(461,845) 

139,894 

(321,951) 

(51,904) 

— 

(439,106)  $ 

108,471  $ 

(373,855) 

(2.15)  $ 

205,315 

0.52  $ 

204,728 

(1.86) 

203,503 

(2.15)  $ 

205,315 

0.51  $ 

205,644 

(1.86) 

203,503 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Amounts in thousands)

Net (loss) income 

Other comprehensive income (loss):

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(382,612)  $ 

207,553  $ 

(461,845) 

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps and other

Other comprehensive income (loss) of nonconsolidated subsidiaries

Comprehensive (loss) income 

Less comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
   subsidiaries

190,493 

18,874 

(173,245) 

3,121 

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Vornado Realty L.P.

$ 

(170,124)  $ 

51,338 

10,275 

269,166 

(24,014) 

245,152  $ 

(29,971) 

(14,342) 

(506,158) 

139,894 

(366,264) 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands, except per unit amount)

Preferred Units

Class A Units
Owned by Vornado

Units

Amount

Units

Amount

Earnings
Less Than
Distributions

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income

Non-
controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries

Total
Equity

Balance as of December 31, 2021

  48,793 

$ 1,182,459 

  191,724 

$ 8,150,741 

$ 

(3,079,320)  $ 

(17,534)  $ 

278,892 

$  6,515,238 

Net loss attributable to Vornado Realty L.P.

Net loss attributable to redeemable partnership 

units

Net income attributable to nonredeemable 
noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
subsidiaries

Distributions to Vornado ($2.12 per unit)

Distributions to preferred unitholders (see Note 

11 for distributions per unit amounts)

Class A Units issued to Vornado:

Upon redemption of redeemable Class A units, 

at redemption value

Under Vornado's employees' share option plan

Under Vornado's dividend reinvestment plan

Contributions

Distributions

Deferred compensation units and options

Other comprehensive income of nonconsolidated 

subsidiaries

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps and 

other

Redeemable Class A unit measurement 

adjustment

Redeemable partnership units' share of above 

adjustments

Other

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(376,875) 

30,376 

— 

(406,562) 

(62,116) 

117 

3,524 

— 

28 

— 

— 

(2) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

7 

878 

— 

— 

588 

— 

— 

221,145 

— 

(1) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(85) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

18,874 

190,494 

— 

(16,866) 

(1) 

— 

— 

(376,875) 

30,376 

3,931 

3,931 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5,609 

(406,562) 

(62,116) 

3,524 

7 

878 

5,609 

(54,388) 

(54,388) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

503 

18,874 

190,494 

221,145 

2,616 

(14,250) 

(8) 

(8) 

Balance as of December 31, 2022

  48,793 

$ 1,182,459 

  191,867 

$ 8,376,882 

$ 

(3,894,580)  $ 

174,967 

$ 

236,652 

$  6,076,380 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY – CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts)

Preferred Units

Class A Units
Owned by Vornado

Units

Amount

Units

Amount

Earnings
Less Than
Distributions

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Non-
controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries

Total
Equity

Balance as of December 31, 2020

  48,793 

$ 1,182,339 

  191,355 

$ 8,200,140 

$ 

(2,774,182)  $ 

(75,099)  $ 

414,957 

$  6,948,155 

Net income attributable to Vornado Realty L.P.

Net income attributable to redeemable 

partnership units

Net income attributable to nonredeemable 
noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
subsidiaries

Distributions to Vornado ($2.12 per unit)

Distributions to preferred unitholders (see Note 

11 for distributions per unit amounts)

Series O cumulative redeemable preferred units 

issuance

Class A Units issued to Vornado:

Upon redemption of redeemable Class A units, 

at redemption value

Under Vornado's employees' share option plan

Under Vornado's dividend reinvestment plan

Contributions

Distributions

Conversion of Series A preferred units to Class 

A units

Deferred compensation units and options

Other comprehensive income of nonconsolidated 

subsidiaries

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps

Unearned 2018 Out-Performance Plan awards 

acceleration

Redeemable Class A unit measurement 

adjustment

Series K cumulative redeemable preferred units 

called for redemption

Redeemable partnership units' share of above 

adjustments

Other

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  12,000 

  291,153 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(13) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

 (12,000) 

  (290,967) 

— 

— 

— 

(53) 

350 

14,576 

1 

21 

— 

— 

1 

(4) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

22 

877 

— 

— 

13 

906 

— 

— 

10,283 

(76,073) 

— 

— 

(3) 

183,539 

(7,540) 

— 

(406,109) 

(65,880) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(114) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(9,033) 

— 

(1) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

10,275 

51,337 

— 

— 

— 

(4,048) 

1 

— 

— 

20,826 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

4,052 

183,539 

(7,540) 

20,826 

(406,109) 

(65,880) 

291,153 

14,576 

22 

877 

4,052 

(160,975) 

(160,975) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

32 

— 

792 

10,275 

51,337 

10,283 

(76,073) 

(300,000) 

(4,048) 

(24) 

Balance as of December 31, 2021

  48,793 

$ 1,182,459 

  191,724 

$ 8,150,741 

$ 

(3,079,320)  $ 

(17,534)  $ 

278,892 

$  6,515,238 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY – CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands, except per unit amount)

Preferred Units

Class A Units
Owned by Vornado

Units

Amount

Units

Amount

Earnings
Less Than
Distributions

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Non-
controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries

Total
Equity

Balance as of December 31, 2019

  36,796 

$  891,214 

 190,986 

$ 7,835,315 

$ 

(1,954,266)  $ 

(40,233)  $ 

578,948 

$  7,310,978 

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  12,000 

291,182 

Cumulative effect of accounting change

Net loss attributable to Vornado Realty L.P.

Net loss attributable to redeemable partnership 

units

Net loss attributable to nonredeemable 

noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
subsidiaries

Distributions to Vornado ($2.38 per unit)

Distributions to preferred unitholders (see Note 11 

for distributions per unit amounts)

Series N cumulative redeemable preferred units 

issuance

Class A Units issued to Vornado:

Upon redemption of redeemable Class A units, 

at redemption value

Under Vornado's employees' share option plan

Under Vornado's dividend reinvestment plan

Contributions:

Real estate fund investments

Other

Distributions

Conversion of Series A preferred units to Class A 

units

Deferred compensation units and options

Other comprehensive loss of nonconsolidated 

subsidiaries

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps

Unearned 2017 Out-Performance Plan awards 

acceleration

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

(3) 

  — 

  — 

  — 

  — 

Redeemable Class A unit measurement adjustment

  — 

Redeemable partnership units' share of above 

adjustments

Other

  — 

  — 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(57) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

236 

69 

47 

— 

— 

— 

4 

13 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

9,266 

3,517 

2,345 

— 

— 

— 

57 

(16,064) 

(321,951) 

24,946 

— 

(454,939) 

(51,739) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,306 

(137) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

10,824 

344,043 

— 

(6,533) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(32) 

(14,342) 

(29,972) 

— 

— 

2,914 

6,534 

— 

— 

— 

(140,438) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

3,389 

4,305 

(16,064) 

(321,951) 

24,946 

(140,438) 

(454,939) 

(51,739) 

291,182 

9,266 

3,517 

2,345 

3,389 

4,305 

(33,007) 

(33,007) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,760 

— 

1,169 

(14,342) 

(29,972) 

10,824 

344,043 

2,914 

1,729 

Balance as of December 31, 2020

  48,793 

$ 1,182,339 

 191,355 

$ 8,200,140 

$ 

(2,774,182)  $ 

(75,099)  $ 

414,957 

$  6,948,155 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

Net (loss) income 

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization (including amortization of deferred financing costs)

Equity in net loss (income) of partially owned entities

Distributions of income from partially owned entities

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

Straight-lining of rents

Stock-based compensation expense

Real estate impairment losses

Change in deferred tax liability

Amortization of below-market leases, net

Return of capital from real estate fund investments

Net realized and unrealized loss (income) on real estate fund investments

Write-off of lease receivables deemed uncollectible
Defeasance cost in connection with refinancing of mortgage payable
Non-cash gain on extinguishment of 608 Fifth Avenue lease liability

Credit losses on loans receivable

Decrease in fair value of marketable securities

Other non-cash adjustments

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Real estate fund investments

Tenant and other receivables

Prepaid assets

Other assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

Purchase of U.S. Treasury bills

Development costs and construction in progress

Proceeds from maturities of U.S. Treasury bills 

Proceeds from sales of real estate

Additions to real estate

Proceeds from sale of condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 Central Park South

Distributions of capital from partially owned entities

Investments in partially owned entities

Acquisitions of real estate and other
Acquisition of additional 45.0% ownership interest in One Park Avenue (inclusive of $5,806 of 
prorations and net working capital and net of $39,370 of cash and restricted cash balances 
consolidated upon acquisition)

Proceeds from repayments of loan receivables

Moynihan Train Hall expenditures

Proceeds from sales of marketable securities

Net cash used in investing activities

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(382,612)  $ 

207,553  $ 

(461,845) 

526,306 

461,351 

184,501 

(100,625) 

(46,177) 

29,249 

19,098 

14,005 

(5,178) 

5,141 

2,589 

872 
— 
— 

— 

— 

432,594 

(130,517) 

214,521 

(50,770) 

8,644 

38,329 

7,880 

11,243 

(9,249) 

5,104 

(4,621) 

7,695 
23,729 
— 

— 

— 

3,090 

(3,875) 

— 

(4,437) 

104,186 

(34,615) 

5,718 

16,482 

798,944 

(1,066,096) 

(737,999) 

597,499 

373,264 

(159,796) 

88,019 

34,417 

(33,172) 

(3,000) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(4,474) 

(187) 

30,466 

(54,716) 

35,856 

(3,399) 

761,806 

— 

100,024 

(149,461) 

137,404 

106,005 

(14,997) 

(3,000) 

(123,936) 

1,554 

— 

— 

417,942 

329,112 

175,246 

(381,320) 

24,404 

48,677 

236,286 

(96) 

(16,878) 

— 

226,107 

63,204 
— 
(70,260) 

13,369 

4,938 

6,835 

(7,197) 

(5,330) 

(137,452) 

(52,832) 

14,868 

(3,538) 

424,240 

— 

— 

(155,738) 

1,044,260 

2,389 

(8,959) 

(1,156) 

— 

— 

(395,051) 

28,375 

(87,800) 

— 

— 

(585,940) 

(601,920) 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

(906,864) 

(532,347) 

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS – CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities: 

Repayments of borrowings

Proceeds from borrowings

Distributions to Vornado

Distributions to redeemable security holders and noncontrolling interests in consolidated 

subsidiaries

Distributions to preferred unitholders

Debt issuance costs

Contributions from noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Proceeds received from exercise of Vornado stock options and other

Repurchase of Class A units related to stock compensation agreements and related tax withholdings 

and other

Purchase of marketable securities in connection with defeasance of mortgage payable

Redemption of preferred units

Proceeds from the issuance of preferred units

Moynihan Train Hall reimbursement from Empire State Development

Net cash used in financing activities

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period

Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Restricted cash at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

Restricted cash at end of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(1,251,373)  $ 

(1,584,243)  $ 

(1,067,564) 

1,029,773 

(406,562) 

3,248,007 

(406,109) 

1,056,315 

(827,319) 

(84,699) 

(62,116) 

(32,706) 

5,609 

885 

(85) 

— 

— 

— 

— 
(801,274) 

(909,194) 

1,930,351 

(190,876) 

(65,880) 

(51,184) 

4,052 

899 

(1,567) 

(973,729) 

(300,000) 

291,153 

— 
(29,477) 

199,982 

1,730,369 

1,021,157  $ 

1,930,351  $ 

(91,514) 

(64,271) 

(10,901) 

100,094 

5,862 

(137) 

— 

— 

291,182 

395,051 
(213,202) 

123,238 

1,607,131 

1,730,369 

1,760,225  $ 

1,624,482  $ 

1,515,012 

170,126 

105,887 

92,119 

1,930,351  $ 

1,730,369  $ 

1,607,131 

889,689  $ 

1,760,225  $ 

1,624,482 

131,468 

170,126 

105,887 

1,021,157  $ 

1,930,351  $ 

1,730,369 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS – CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands)

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:

Cash payments for interest, excluding capitalized interest of $19,085, $38,320 and $40,855

Cash payments for income taxes

Non-Cash Information:

Additional estimated lease liability arising from the recognition of right-of-use asset

Write-off of fully depreciated assets

Redeemable Class A unit measurement adjustment

Change in fair value of consolidated interest rate swaps and other

Accrued capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses

Reclassification of condominium units from "development costs and construction in progress" to 
   "220 Central Park South condominium units ready for sale"

Increase in assets and liabilities resulting from the consolidation of One Park Avenue:

Real estate

Identified intangible assets
Mortgages payable
Deferred revenue

Marketable securities transferred in connection with the defeasance of mortgage payable

Defeasance of mortgage payable

Reclassification of assets held for sale (included in "other assets")

Decrease in assets and liabilities resulting from the deconsolidation of Moynihan Train Hall:

Real estate, net

Moynihan Train Hall Obligation

$ 

$ 

$ 

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

252,371  $ 

188,587  $ 

7,947  $ 

9,155  $ 

210,052 

15,105 

350,000  $ 

(278,561) 

221,145 

190,494 

104,750 

—  $ 

(123,537) 

(76,073) 

51,337 

291,690 

— 

(189,250) 

344,043 

(29,972) 

117,641 

32,604 

16,014 

388,280 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

566,013 

139,545 
525,000 
18,884 

(973,729) 

950,000 

80,005 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1,291,804) 

(1,291,804) 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.  Organization and Business 

Vornado Realty Trust (“Vornado”) is a fully-integrated real estate investment trust (“REIT”) and conducts its business through, 
and substantially all of its interests in properties are held by, Vornado Realty L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”), a Delaware limited 
partnership. Accordingly, Vornado’s cash flow and ability to pay dividends to its shareholders are dependent upon the cash flow of the 
Operating Partnership and the ability of its direct and indirect subsidiaries to first satisfy their obligations to creditors. Vornado is the 
sole general partner of and owned approximately 92% of the common limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership as of 
December 31, 2022. All references to the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” mean, collectively, Vornado, the Operating Partnership 
and those subsidiaries consolidated by Vornado.

We currently own all or portions of: 

New York: 

•

62 Manhattan operating properties consisting of:

•
•
•

19.9 million square feet of office space in 30 of the properties; 
2.6 million square feet of street retail space in 56 of the properties; 
1,664 units in six Manhattan residential properties; 

• Multiple development sites, including 350 Park Avenue and the Hotel Pennsylvania site;
•

A  32.4%  interest  in  Alexander’s,  Inc.  (“Alexander’s”)  (NYSE:  ALX),  which  owns  six  properties  in  the  greater  New  York 
metropolitan area, including 731 Lexington Avenue, the 1.1 million square foot Bloomberg, L.P. headquarters building, and 
The Alexander, a 312-unit apartment tower in Queens;
Signage throughout the Penn District and Times Square; and  
Building Maintenance Services LLC ("BMS"), a wholly owned subsidiary, which provides cleaning and security services for 
our buildings and third parties.

•
•

Other Real Estate and Investments: 

•
•

•

The 3.7 million square foot theMART in Chicago; 
A  70%  controlling  interest  in  555  California  Street,  a  three-building  office  complex  in  San  Francisco’s  financial  district 
aggregating 1.8 million square feet; and
Other real estate and investments. 

2.   Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies 

Basis of Presentation

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  Vornado  and  the  Operating  Partnership  and  their 
consolidated  subsidiaries.  All  inter-company  amounts  have  been  eliminated.  Our  consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  in 
accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  (“GAAP”),  which  require  us  to  make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the 
date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could 
differ from those estimates. In addition, certain prior year balances have been reclassified in order to conform to the current period 
presentation.
Recently Issued Accounting Literature 

In  March  2020,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  ("FASB")  issued  Accounting  Standards  Update  ("ASU")  2020-04 
establishing Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 848, Reference Rate Reform, and in January 2021, the FASB issued 
ASU  2021-01,  Reference  Rate  Reform  (Topic  848):  Scope  (collectively,  "ASC  848").  ASC  848  contains  practical  expedients  for 
reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance in ASC 848 is optional 
and  may  be  elected  over  time  as  reference  rate  reform  activities  occur.  We  have  elected  to  apply  the  hedge  accounting  expedients 
related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which 
future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves 
the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the 
Sunset  Date  of  Topic  848  (“ASU  2022-06”)  which  was  issued  to  defer  the  sunset  date  of  ASC  848  to  December  31,  2024.  ASU 
2022-06  is  effective  immediately  for  all  companies.  ASU  2022-06  will  have  no  impact  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial 
statements for the year ended December 31, 2022. We continue to evaluate the impact of ASC 848 and may apply other elections as 
applicable as additional changes in the market occur.

81

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2.   Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Recently Issued Accounting Literature - continued

In August 2020, the FASB issued an update ("ASU 2020-06") Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (ASC Subtopic 
470-20)  and  Derivatives  and  Hedging  -  Contracts  in  Entity’s  Own  Equity  (ASC  Subtopic  815-40).  ASU  2020-06  simplifies  the 
accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible 
preferred  stock,  removes  certain  settlement  conditions  that  are  required  for  equity  contracts  to  qualify  for  the  derivative  scope 
exception and also simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. ASU 2020-06 is effective for reporting periods 
beginning  after  December  15,  2021,  with  early  adoption  permitted.  We  adopted  this  update  effective  January  1,  2022  using  the 
modified retrospective approach which did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In July 2021, the FASB issued an update ("ASU 2021-05") Lessors - Certain Leases with Variable Lease Payments to ASC Topic 
842, Leases ("ASC 842"). ASU 2021-05 provides additional ASC 842 classification guidance as it relates to a lessor's accounting for 
certain  leases  with  variable  lease  payments.  ASU  2021-05  requires  a  lessor  to  classify  a  lease  with  variable  payments  that  do  not 
depend on an index or rate as an operating lease if either a sales-type lease or direct financing lease classification would trigger a day-
one  loss.  ASU  2021-05  is  effective  for  reporting  periods  beginning  after  December  15,  2021,  with  early  adoption  permitted.  We 
adopted this update effective January 1, 2022 which did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Significant Accounting Policies

Real  Estate:  Real  estate  is  carried  at  cost,  net  of  accumulated  depreciation  and  amortization.  Betterments,  major  renewals  and 
certain costs directly related to the improvement and leasing of real estate are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as 
incurred. For redevelopment of existing operating properties, the net book value of the existing property under redevelopment plus the 
cost for the construction and improvements incurred in connection with the redevelopment, including interest and debt expense, are 
capitalized to the extent the capitalized costs of the property do not exceed the estimated fair value of the redeveloped property when 
complete.  If  the  cost  of  the  redeveloped  property,  including  the  net  book  value  of  the  existing  property,  exceeds  the  estimated  fair 
value  of  the  redeveloped  property,  the  excess  is  charged  to  expense.  Depreciation  is  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the 
estimated useful lives of these assets which range from 7 to 40 years. Tenant allowances are amortized on a straight-line basis over the 
lives of the related leases, which approximate the useful lives of the assets.

Upon  the  acquisition  of  real  estate,  we  assess  whether  the  transaction  should  be  accounted  for  as  an  asset  acquisition  or  as  a 
business combination. Acquisitions of integrated sets of assets and activities that do not meet the definition of a business are accounted 
for as asset acquisitions. Our acquisitions of real estate generally will not meet the definition of a business because substantially all of 
the  fair  value  is  concentrated  in  a  single  identifiable  asset  or  group  of  similar  identifiable  assets  (i.e.  land,  buildings,  and  related 
identified intangible assets).

We assess the fair value of acquired assets (including land, buildings and improvements, identified intangibles, such as acquired 
above and below-market leases, acquired in-place leases and tenant relationships) and acquired liabilities and we allocate the purchase 
price  based  on  these  assessments  which  are  on  a  relative  fair  value  basis.  We  assess  fair  value  based  on  estimated  cash  flow 
projections that utilize appropriate discount and capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows 
are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions. We amortize 
identified intangibles that have finite lives over the period they are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the future cash flows 
of the property or business acquired.

Our properties, including any related right-of-use ("ROU") assets and intangible assets, are individually reviewed for impairment 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment exists when 
the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  exceeds  the  aggregate  projected  future  cash  flows  over  the  anticipated  holding  period  on  an 
undiscounted  basis.  An  impairment  loss  is  measured  based  on  the  excess  of  the  property’s  carrying  amount  over  its  estimated  fair 
value. Impairment analyses are based on information available at the time the analyses are prepared. Estimates of future cash flows are 
subjective and are based, in part, on assumptions regarding future rental revenues, operating expenses, capital expenditures, discount 
rates and capitalization rates which could differ materially from actual results.

82

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2.   Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Partially Owned Entities: We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest. In determining whether we 
have  a  controlling  financial  interest  in  a  partially  owned  entity  and  the  requirement  to  consolidate  the  accounts  of  that  entity,  we 
consider (i) whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) in which we are the primary beneficiary or (ii) whether the entity is 
a voting interest entity in which we have a majority of the voting interests of the entity. We are deemed to be the primary beneficiary 
of a VIE when we have (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance 
and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. We generally do not control 
a  partially  owned  entity  if  the  approval  of  all  of  the  partners/members  is  contractually  required  with  respect  to  decisions  that  most 
significantly impact the performance of the partially owned entity. This includes decisions regarding operating/capital budgets, and the 
placement of new or additional financing secured by the assets of the venture, among others. We account for investments under the 
equity  method  when  the  requirements  for  consolidation  are  not  met,  and  we  have  significant  influence  over  the  operations  of  the 
investee. Equity method investments are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for our share of net income or loss and 
cash contributions and distributions each period. Equity investments that do not qualify for consolidation or equity method accounting 
are recorded at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 321, Investments-Equity Securities ("ASC 321") or, if fair value is not readily 
determinable, are initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured if there is an orderly transaction in an identical or similar 
investment of the same issuer or if the investment is impaired.

Investments in unconsolidated partially owned entities are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances 
indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recorded when there is a decline in the fair value of 
an investment below its carrying value and we conclude that the decline is other-than-temporary during our intended holding period. 
An impairment loss is measured based on the excess of the carrying amount of an investment over its estimated fair value. Impairment 
analyses are based on information available at the time the analyses are prepared. Estimates of future cash flows are subjective and are 
based,  in  part,  on  assumptions  regarding  future  rental  revenues,  operating  expenses,  capital  expenditures,  discount  rates  and 
capitalization rates which could differ materially from actual results.

220  Central  Park  South  Condominium  Units  Ready  For  Sale:  Our  220  Central  Park  South  (“220  CPS”)  residential 
condominium units are reclassified from “development costs and construction in progress” to “220 Central Park South condominium 
units ready for sale” upon receipt of the unit’s temporary certificate of occupancy. These units are substantially complete and ready for 
sale.  Each  unit  is  carried  at  the  lower  of  its  carrying  amount  or  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell.  We  have  used  the  relative  sales  value 
method to allocate costs to individual condominium units. GAAP income is recognized when legal title transfers upon closing of the 
condominium unit sales and is included in "net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated 
statements  of  income.  As  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  none  of  the  220  CPS  condominium  units  ready  for  sale  had  a  carrying 
value that exceeded fair value.

Cash  and  Cash  Equivalents:  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  consist  of  highly  liquid  investments  with  original  maturities  of  three 
months or less and are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short-term maturities. The majority of our cash and 
cash  equivalents  consists  of  (i)  deposits  at  major  commercial  banks,  which  may  at  times  exceed  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance 
Corporation limit and (ii) Certificate of Deposits placed through an Account Registry Service. 

Restricted Cash: Restricted cash consists of security deposits, cash restricted for the purposes of facilitating a Section 1031 Like-
Kind  exchange,  cash  restricted  in  connection  with  our  deferred  compensation  plan  and  cash  escrowed  under  loan  agreements, 
including for debt service, real estate taxes, property insurance and capital improvements.

Investments in U.S. Treasury Bills: Treasury bills are short-term debt obligations with maturities of one year or less issued by 
the U.S. Treasury Department and backed by the U.S. Government. Treasury bills yield no interest, but are issued at a discount to the 
redemption  price.  We  classify  our  investments  in  U.S.  Treasury  bills  as  available-for-sale  debt  investments.  We  use  quoted  market 
prices to determine the fair value of our investments in U.S. Treasury bills.

Deferred Charges: Direct financing costs are deferred and amortized over the terms of the related agreements as a component of 
interest expense. Direct and incremental costs related to successful leasing activities are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line 
basis  over  the  lives  of  the  related  leases.  All  other  deferred  charges  are  amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis,  which  approximates  the 
effective interest rate method, in accordance with the terms of the agreements to which they relate.

83

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2.   Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Revenue Recognition:

•

Rental  revenues  include  revenues  from  the  leasing  of  space  at  our  properties  to  tenants,  trade  shows,  tenant  services  and 
parking garage revenues.

•

•

•

•

Revenues  from  the  leasing  of  space  at  our  properties  to  tenants  include  (i)  lease  components,  including  fixed  and 
variable  lease  payments,  and  nonlease  components  which  include  reimbursement  of  common  area  maintenance 
expenses, and (ii) reimbursement of real estate taxes and insurance expenses. As lessor, we have elected to combine 
the lease and nonlease components of our operating lease agreements and account for the components as a single 
lease component in accordance with ASC 842.

•

•

Revenues  from  fixed  lease  payments  for  operating  leases  are  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the 
non-cancelable  term  of  the  lease,  together  with  renewal  options  that  are  reasonably  certain  of  being 
exercised. We commence revenue recognition when the tenant takes possession of the leased space and the 
leased space is substantially ready for its intended use. 

Revenues  derived  from  the  reimbursement  of  real  estate  taxes,  insurance  expenses  and  common  area 
maintenance expenses are generally recognized in the same period as the related expenses are incurred.

• We  recognize  amortization  of  acquired  below-market  leases  as  an  increase  to  rental  revenues  and 
amortization  of  acquired  above-market  leases  as  a  decrease  to  rental  revenues  over  the  term  of  the  lease 
(see Note 8 - Identified Intangible Assets and Liabilities).

Revenues from the operation of trade shows at our properties, primarily derived from booth rentals, are recognized 
when the trade show booths are made available for use by the exhibitors, in accordance with ASC 842.

Revenues derived from sub-metered electric, elevator, trash removal and other services provided to our tenants at 
their  request  are  recognized  as  the  services  are  transferred  in  accordance  with  ASC  Topic  606,  Revenue  from 
Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606").
Revenues  derived  from  the  operations  of  our  parking  facilities,  which  charge  hourly  or  monthly  fees  to  provide 
parking services to customers, are recognized as the services are transferred in accordance with ASC 606.

• We  classify  revenues  derived  from  management,  leasing  and  other  contractual  agreements  (including  BMS  cleaning, 
engineering and security services) with third parties or with partially owned entities as “fee and other income” and recognize 
revenue as the services are transferred in accordance with ASC 606.

We evaluate on an individual lease basis whether it is probable that we will collect substantially all amounts due from our tenants 
and recognize changes in the collectability assessment of our operating leases as adjustments to rental revenue. Management exercises 
judgment in assessing collectability of tenant receivables and considers payment history, current credit status and publicly available 
information  about  the  financial  condition  of  the  tenant,  the  impact  of  COVID-19  on  tenants'  businesses,  and  other  factors.  Tenant 
receivables,  including  receivables  arising  from  the  straight-lining  of  rents,  are  written  off  when  management  deems  that  the 
collectability of substantially all future lease payments from a specific lease is not probable of collection, at which point, the Company 
will limit future rental revenues to cash received.

We have made a policy election in accordance with the FASB Staff Q&A which provides relief in accounting for leases during 
the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing us to continue recognizing rental revenue on a straight-line basis for rent deferrals, with no impact 
to revenue recognition, and to recognize rent abatements as a reduction to rental revenue in the period granted.

84

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2.   Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Significant Accounting Policies - continued

Income Taxes: Vornado operates in a manner intended to enable it to continue to qualify as a REIT under Sections 856-860 of 
the  Internal  Revenue  Code  of  1986,  as  amended.  Under  those  sections,  a  REIT  which  distributes  at  least  90%  of  its  REIT  taxable 
income as a dividend to its shareholders each year and which meets certain other conditions will not be taxed on that portion of its 
taxable income which is distributed to its shareholders. Vornado distributes to its shareholders 100% of its REIT taxable income and 
therefore,  no  provision  for  Federal  income  taxes  is  required.  Dividends  distributed  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  were 
characterized,  for  federal  income  tax  purposes,  as  ordinary  income  under  Section  199A  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code.  Dividends 
distributed for the year ended December 31, 2021 were characterized for federal income tax purposes as 84.2% ordinary income under 
Section  199A  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  and  15.8%  qualified  dividend  income  (taxed  as  long-term  capital  gain).  Dividends 
distributed  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  were  characterized  for  federal  income  tax  purposes  as  ordinary  income  under 
Section 199A of the Internal Revenue Code. 

  We  have  elected  to  treat  certain  consolidated  subsidiaries,  and  may  in  the  future  elect  to  treat  newly  formed  subsidiaries,  as 
taxable REIT subsidiaries pursuant to an amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that became effective January 1, 2001. Taxable 
REIT  subsidiaries  may  participate  in  non-real  estate  related  activities  and/or  perform  non-customary  services  for  tenants  and  are 
subject to Federal and State income tax at regular corporate tax rates. The Farley Building and our 220 CPS condominium project are 
held through taxable REIT subsidiaries.

As  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  our  taxable  REIT  subsidiaries  had  deferred  tax  assets,  net  of  valuation  allowances,  of 
$7,944,000 and $8,582,000, respectively, which are included in “other assets” on our consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 
2022  and  2021,  our  taxable  REIT  subsidiaries  had  deferred  tax  liabilities  of  $54,597,000  and  $40,591,000,  respectively,  which  are 
included in "other liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets. The deferred tax assets relate to net operating loss carry forwards and 
temporary differences between the book and tax basis of our assets. The deferred tax liabilities relate to temporary differences between 
the book and tax basis of our assets.

As of December 31, 2022, our taxable REIT subsidiaries have an estimated $166,000,000 of federal net operating loss ("NOL") 
carryforwards and $208,000,000 of state and local NOL carryforwards, which are reduced by valuation allowances of $145,000,000 
for  federal  NOL  carryforwards  and  $186,000,000  for  state  and  local  NOL  carryforwards.  The  NOL  carryforwards  are  subject  to 
certain limitations.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized $21,660,000 of income tax expense based on a negative effective tax rate 
of  approximately  6.0%.  For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2021  and  2020,  we  recognized  $10,496,000  of  income  tax  benefit  and 
$36,630,000 of income tax expense, based on negative effective tax rates of approximately 5.3% and 8.6%, respectively. Income tax 
(expense) benefit recorded in each of the years primarily relates to our consolidated taxable REIT subsidiaries, and certain state, local, 
and  franchise  taxes.  The  year  ended  December  31,  2022  included  $13,665,000  of  income  tax  expense  resulting  from  book  to  tax 
differences  (primarily  straight-line  rent  adjustments  and  depreciation)  on  our  investment  in  The  Farley  Building  and  $6,016,000  of 
income tax expense recognized on the sale of 220 CPS condominium units. The year ended December 31, 2021 included $27,910,000 
of  income  tax  benefit  recognized  by  our  taxable  REIT  subsidiaries,  $10,868,000  of  income  tax  expense  resulting  from  book  to  tax 
differences  (primarily  straight-line  rent  adjustments  and  depreciation)  on  our  investment  in  The  Farley  Building  and  $5,711,000  of 
income tax expense recognized on the sale of 220 CPS condominium units. The year ended December 31, 2020 included $49,221,000 
of income tax expense recognized on the sale of 220 CPS condominium units. The Company has no uncertain tax positions recognized 
as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

The Operating Partnership’s partners are required to report their respective share of taxable income on their individual tax returns.

The estimated taxable income attributable to Vornado common shareholders (unaudited) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 
2021 and 2020 was approximately $398,644,000, $413,026,000, and $419,812,000, respectively. The book to tax differences between 
net  (loss)  income  and  estimated  taxable  income  primarily  result  from  differences  in  the  income  recognition  or  deductibility  of 
depreciation and amortization, gain or loss from the sale of real estate and other capital transactions, impairment losses, straight-line 
rent adjustments, stock option expense and repairs expense related to the tangible property regulations.

 The net basis of Vornado’s assets and liabilities for tax reporting purposes is approximately $1.6 billion lower than the amounts 

reported in Vornado’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022.

85

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

3.   Revenue Recognition 

Below is a summary of our revenues by segment. Additional financial information related to these reportable segments for the 

years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is set forth in Note 23 - Segment Information.

(Amounts in thousands)

Property rentals
Trade shows(1)

Lease revenues(2)

Tenant services

Parking revenues

Rental revenues

BMS cleaning fees

Management and leasing fees

Other income

Fee and other income

Total revenues

____________________
See notes on following page.

(Amounts in thousands)

Property rentals
Trade shows(1)

Lease revenues(2)

Tenant services

Parking revenues

Rental revenues

BMS cleaning fees

Management and leasing fees

Other income

Fee and other income

Total revenues

____________________
See notes on following page.

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,510,648  $ 

1,230,851  $ 

32,669 

1,543,317 

45,211 

19,157 

1,607,685 

137,673 

11,039 

43,598 

192,310 

— 

1,230,851 

33,351 

15,979 

1,280,181 

146,530 

11,645 

11,086 

169,261 

1,799,995  $ 

1,449,442  $ 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

Total

New York

Other

1,354,209  $ 

1,071,816  $ 

$ 

$ 

19,482 

1,373,691 

37,449 

13,391 

1,424,531 

119,780 

11,725 

33,174 

164,679 

— 

1,071,816 

26,048 

11,370 

1,109,234 

126,891 

12,177 

9,297 

148,365 

$ 

1,589,210  $ 

1,257,599  $ 

279,797 

32,669 

312,466 

11,860 

3,178 

327,504 

(8,857)  (3)

(606) 

32,512 

23,049 

350,553 

282,393 

19,482 

301,875 

11,401 

2,021 

315,297 

(7,111)  (3)

(452) 

23,877 

16,314 

331,611 

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

3.   Revenue Recognition - continued

(Amounts in thousands)

Property rentals
Hotel Pennsylvania(4)
Trade shows(1)

Lease revenues(2)

Tenant services

Rental revenues

BMS cleaning fees

Management and leasing fees

Other income

Fee and other income

Total revenues

For the Year Ended December 31, 2020

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,323,347  $ 

1,051,009  $ 

8,741 

11,303 

1,343,391 

34,244 

1,377,635 

105,536 

19,416 

25,364 

150,316 

8,741 

— 

1,059,750 

23,750 

1,083,500 

112,112 

19,508 

6,628 

138,248 

$ 

1,527,951  $ 

1,221,748  $ 

272,338 

— 

11,303 

283,641 

10,494 

294,135 

(6,576)  (3)

(92) 

18,736 

12,068 

306,203 

________________________________________
(1) We cancelled trade shows at theMART beginning late March of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and resumed in the third quarter of 2021.
(2) The components of lease revenues were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands)

Fixed billings

Variable billings

Total contractual operating lease billings

Adjustment for straight-line rents and amortization of acquired below-market leases and 

other, net

Less: write-off of straight-line rent and tenant receivables deemed uncollectible

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

1,376,527  $ 

1,277,645  $ 

122,947 

1,499,474 

44,715 

(872) 

108,850 

1,386,495 

(5,109) 

(7,695) 

1,292,174 

126,907 

1,419,081 

(12,486) 

(63,204) 

Lease revenues

$ 

1,543,317  $ 

1,373,691  $ 

1,343,391 

(3) Represents the elimination of BMS cleaning fees related to theMART and 555 California Street which are included as income in the New York segment.
(4) We permanently closed the Hotel Pennsylvania on April 5, 2021 and plan to develop an office tower on the site.

4.   Real Estate Fund Investments 

We are the general partner and investment manager of Vornado Capital Partners Real Estate Fund (the “Fund”) and own a 25.0% 
interest in the Fund. The Fund had an initial eight-year term ending February 2019, which has been extended to December 2023, by 
which time the Fund intends to dispose of its remaining investments and wind down its business. The Fund's three-year investment 
period ended in July 2013. The Fund is accounted for under ASC Topic 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies (“ASC 946”) 
and  its  investments  are  reported  on  its  balance  sheet  at  fair  value,  with  changes  in  value  each  period  recognized  in  earnings.  We 
consolidate the accounts of the Fund into our consolidated financial statements, retaining the fair value basis of accounting.

We are the general partner and investment manager of the Crowne Plaza Times Square Hotel Joint Venture (the “Crowne Plaza 
Joint Venture”) and own a 57.1% interest in the joint venture which owns the 24.3% interest in the Crowne Plaza Times Square Hotel 
not owned by the Fund. Through our interests in the Fund and the Crowne Plaza Joint Venture, in total we own an indirect, minority 
32.8% interest in the Crowne Plaza Times Square Hotel. The Crowne Plaza Joint Venture is also accounted for under ASC 946 and we 
consolidate the accounts of the joint venture into our consolidated financial statements, retaining the fair value basis of accounting. As 
of December 31, 2022, our total investment in the Crowne Plaza Times Square Hotel had a carrying value of zero on our consolidated 
balance  sheet.  On  June  9,  2020,  the  Fund  and  the  Crowne  Plaza  Joint  Venture  (collectively,  the  “Crowne  Plaza  Co-Investors”) 
defaulted on the $274,355,000 non-recourse loan on the Crowne Plaza Times Square Hotel.

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

4.   Real Estate Fund Investments - continued

In 2021, the mezzanine lender to the Crowne Plaza Co-Investors exercised its right under the loan documents and appointed an 
independent director to certain subsidiaries of the Crowne Plaza Co-Investors. Since then, neither we nor the Fund control Crowne 
Plaza Times Square Hotel nor have we or the Fund been involved in making any operating decisions relating to Crowne Plaza Times 
Square Hotel. In December 2022, the Fund entered into a Restructuring Support Agreement with certain subsidiaries and the lender of 
the loan on the Crowne Plaza Times Square Hotel, pursuant to which the independent director caused the subsidiaries to enter into a 
Chapter  11  bankruptcy  restructuring  process  and  the  Fund  agreed  to  work  consensually  with  such  subsidiaries  and  the  lender  to 
effectuate a transfer of ownership of the hotel property through a court supervised auction process, or an equitization of the secured 
loans held by the lender. We expect that, following the Chapter 11 restructuring, neither we nor the Fund will have any continuing 
ownership or other interest in the property and neither we nor the Fund will receive any proceeds or have any liability as a result of the 
restructuring.

On May 20, 2022, 1100 Lincoln Road was conveyed to the lender pursuant to a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure agreement in exchange 
for a $5,672,000 payment to the Fund. From the inception of this investment through its disposition, the Fund realized a $54,255,000 
net loss.

As of December 31, 2022, we had two real estate fund investments through the Fund and the Crowne Plaza Joint Venture carried 
at zero on our consolidated balance sheet,  $276,390,000 below cost, and had remaining unfunded commitments of $28,465,000, of 
which our share was $8,849,000. As of December 31, 2021, we had three real estate fund investments with an aggregate fair value of 
$7,730,000.

Below is a summary of income (loss) from the Fund and the Crowne Plaza Joint Venture.

(Amounts in thousands)

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

Previously recorded unrealized loss on exited investments

$ 

59,396  $ 

—  $ 

Realized (loss) income on exited investments

Net unrealized (loss) income on held investments

Net investment income (loss)

Income (loss) from real estate fund investments

Less (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Income (loss) from real estate fund investments net of noncontrolling interests in consolidated 

subsidiaries

(54,255) 

(7,730) 

6,130 

3,541 

(1,870) 

1,364 

3,257 

6,445 

11,066 

(7,309) 

— 

— 

(226,107) 

(220) 

(226,327) 

163,213 

$ 

1,671  $ 

3,757  $ 

(63,114) 

The table below summarizes the changes in the fair value of the Fund and the Crowne Plaza Joint Venture.

(Amounts in thousands)

Beginning balance

Previously recorded unrealized loss on exited investments

Realized (loss) income on exited investments

Net unrealized (loss) income on held investments
Dispositions

Purchases/additional fundings

Ending balance

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

7,730  $ 

59,396 

(54,255) 

(7,730) 
(5,141) 

— 

—  $ 

3,739 

— 

1,364 

3,257 
(5,104) 

4,474 

7,730 

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

5. 

Investments in Partially Owned Entities 

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV 

As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  own  a  51.5%  common  interest  in  a  joint  venture  ("Fifth  Avenue  and  Times  Square  JV")  which 
owns  interests  in  properties  located  at  640  Fifth  Avenue,  655  Fifth  Avenue,  666  Fifth  Avenue,  689  Fifth  Avenue,  697-703  Fifth 
Avenue,  1535  Broadway  and  1540  Broadway  (collectively,  the  "Properties").  The  remaining  48.5%  common  interest  in  the  joint 
venture is owned by a group of institutional investors (the "Investors"). Our 51.5% common interest in the joint venture represents an 
effective  51.0%  interest  in  the  Properties.  The  48.5%  common  interest  in  the  joint  venture  owned  by  the  Investors  represents  an 
effective 47.2% interest in the Properties.

We also own $1.828 billion of preferred equity security interests in certain of the properties. The preferred equity has an annual 
coupon of 4.25% through April 2024, increasing to 4.75% for the subsequent five years and thereafter at a formulaic rate. It can be 
redeemed under certain conditions on a tax deferred basis.

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV was formed in April 2019, when we contributed our interests in the Properties to the joint 
venture and transferred a 48.5% common interest in the joint venture to the Investors (the “Transaction”). The Transaction valued the 
Properties  at  $5.556  billion,  resulting  in  a  $2.571  billion  net  gain,  before  noncontrolling  interests  of  $11,945,000,  including  a  gain 
related  to  the  step  up  in  our  basis  of  the  retained  portion  of  the  assets  to  fair  value.  During  2020,  Manhattan  street  retail  suffered 
negative  market  conditions,  which  was  further  stressed  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  resulting  in  our  recognition  of  other-than-
temporary impairment losses of $413,349,000, before noncontrolling interests of $4,289,000, for the year ended December 31, 2020. 
While the Manhattan street retail market has since stabilized, the recovery of rental rates is likely to be further elongated and stabilize 
at  lower  levels  than  previously  expected.  These  factors  have  resulted  in  a  further  decline  in  the  value  of  our  investment,  which  we 
determined was other-than-temporary based on our inability to forecast a recovery over our anticipated holding period. Accordingly, 
we recognized an impairment loss of $489,859,000, before noncontrolling interests of $6,822,000, for the year ended December 31, 
2022 which is included in “(loss) income from partially owned entities” on our consolidated statements of income. In determining the 
fair value of our investment, we considered, among other factors, a discounted cash flow analysis based upon market conditions and 
expectations of growth.

As of December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of our investment in the joint venture was less than our share of the equity in the 
net assets of the joint venture by approximately $864,317,000, the basis difference primarily resulting from the non-cash impairment 
losses  discussed  above.  Substantially  all  of  this  basis  difference  was  allocated,  based  on  our  estimates  of  the  fair  values  of  Fifth 
Avenue and Times Square JV’s assets and liabilities, to real estate (land and buildings). We are amortizing the basis difference related 
to the buildings into earnings as a reduction to depreciation expense over their estimated useful lives.

We receive an annual fee for managing the Properties equal to 2% of the gross revenues from the Properties. In addition, we are 
entitled to a development fee of 5% of development costs, plus reimbursement of certain costs, for development projects performed by 
us. We are entitled to 1.5% of development costs, plus reimbursement of certain costs, as a supervisory fee for development projects 
not  performed  by  us.  We  provide  leasing  services  for  fees  calculated  based  on  a  percentage  of  rents,  less  any  commissions  paid  to 
third-party real estate brokers, if applicable. We jointly provide leasing services for the retail space with Crown Retail Services LLC, 
and exclusively provide leasing services for the office space. We recognized property management fee income, included in "fee and 
other income" on our consolidated statements of income, of $4,397,000, $4,297,000 and $3,982,000 for the years ended December 31, 
2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

BMS,  our  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  supervises  cleaning,  security  and  engineering  services  at  certain  of  the  Properties.  We 
recognized income for these services, included in "fee and other income" on our consolidated statements of income, of $4,571,000, 
$3,993,000 and $3,595,000 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

We believe, based on comparable fees charged by other real estate companies, that the fees described above are consistent with 

the market.

On  April  18,  2022,  we  received  a  $13,613,000  refund  of  New  York  City  real  property  transfer  tax  that  we  previously  paid  in 
connection  with  the  transfer  of  the  Properties  to  Fifth  Avenue  and  Times  Square  JV  in  April  2019.  The  receipt  of  the  refund  was 
recognized in "net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income for the 
year ended December 31, 2022.

89

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

5.    Investments in Partially Owned Entities - continued

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV - continued

On  December  21,  2022,  the  697-703  Fifth  Avenue  $450,000,000  non-recourse  mortgage  loan  matured  and  was  not  repaid,  at 
which time the lenders declared an event of default. During December 2022, $29,000,000 of property-level funds were applied by the 
lenders against the principal balance resulting in a $421,000,000 loan balance as of December 31, 2022. The loan bears default interest 
at the Prime Rate plus 1.00% (8.50% as of December 31, 2022). The Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV is in negotiations with the 
lenders regarding a restructuring but there can be no assurance as to the timing and ultimate resolution of these negotiations. 

Alexander’s, Inc

As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  own  1,654,068  Alexander’s  common  shares,  or  approximately  32.4%  of  Alexander’s  common 
equity.  We  manage,  develop  and  lease  Alexander’s  properties  pursuant  to  agreements  which  expire  in  March  of  each  year  and  are 
automatically  renewable.  As  of  December  31,  2022  and  2021,  Alexander’s  owed  us  an  aggregate  of  $801,000  and  $879,000, 
respectively, pursuant to such agreements.

As of December 31, 2022, the market value (“fair value” pursuant to ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements ("ASC 820")) of 
our  investment  in  Alexander’s,  based  on  Alexander’s  December  31,  2022  closing  share  price  of  $220.06,  was  $363,994,000,  or 
$276,198,000 in excess of the carrying amount on our consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of 
our  investment  in  Alexander’s,  excluding  amounts  owed  to  us,  exceeds  our  share  of  the  equity  in  the  net  assets  of  Alexander’s  by 
approximately $29,972,000. The majority of this basis difference resulted from the excess of our purchase price for the Alexander’s 
common stock acquired over the book value of Alexander’s net assets. Substantially all of this basis difference was allocated, based on 
our estimates of the fair values of Alexander’s assets and liabilities, to real estate (land and buildings). We are amortizing the basis 
difference related to the buildings into earnings as additional depreciation expense over their estimated useful lives. This depreciation 
is not material to our share of equity in Alexander’s net income.
Management, Development, Leasing and Other Agreements

We receive an annual fee for managing Alexander’s and all of its properties equal to the sum of (i) $2,800,000, (ii) 2% of the 
gross revenue from the Rego Park II Shopping Center, (iii) $0.50 per square foot of the tenant-occupied office and retail space at 731 
Lexington  Avenue,  and  (iv)  $354,000,  escalating  at  3%  per  annum,  for  managing  the  common  area  of  731  Lexington  Avenue.  In 
addition, we are entitled to a development fee of 6% of development costs, as defined.

We provide Alexander’s with leasing services for a fee of 3% of rent for the first ten years of a lease term, 2% of rent for the 
eleventh through twentieth year of a lease term and 1% of rent for the twenty-first through thirtieth year of a lease term, subject to the 
payment  of  rents  by  Alexander’s  tenants.  In  the  event  third-party  real  estate  brokers  are  used,  our  fee  increases  by  1%  and  we  are 
responsible for the fees to the third-parties. We are also entitled to a commission upon the sale of any of Alexander’s assets equal to 
3%  of  gross  proceeds,  as  defined,  for  asset  sales  less  than  $50,000,000,  and  1%  of  gross  proceeds,  as  defined,  for  asset  sales  of 
$50,000,000 or more.

BMS,  our  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  supervises  (i)  cleaning,  engineering  and  security  services  at  Alexander’s  731  Lexington 
Avenue property and (ii) security services at Alexander’s Rego Park I, Rego Park II properties and The Alexander apartment tower. 
During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020,  we  recognized  $4,601,000,  $4,234,000  and  $3,613,000  of  income, 
respectively, for these services.

330 West 34th Street land owner joint venture

On  August  18,  2022,  the  joint  venture  that  owns  the  fee  interest  in  the  330  West  34th  Street  land,  in  which  we  have  a  34.8% 
interest, completed a $100,000,000 refinancing. The interest-only loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.55% and matures in September 
2032. In connection with the refinancing, we realized net proceeds of $10,500,000. The loan replaces the previous $50,150,000 loan 
that bore interest at a fixed rate of 5.71%.

90

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

5.   Investments in Partially Owned Entities – continued

Below is a schedule of our investments in partially owned entities.

(Amounts in thousands)

Investments:

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV (see page 89 for details)
Partially owned office buildings/land(1)
Alexander’s (see page 90 for details)
Other investments(2)

Investments in partially owned entities included in other liabilities(3):

7 West 34th Street

85 Tenth Avenue

Percentage 
Ownership at 
December 31, 2022

Balance as of December 31,

2022

2021

51.5%

Various

32.4%

Various

53.0%

49.9%

$ 

2,272,320  $ 

2,770,633 

182,180 

87,796 

122,777 

299,101 

91,405 

136,250 

2,665,073  $ 

3,297,389 

(65,522)  $ 

(16,006) 

(81,528)  $ 

(60,918) 

(18,067) 

(78,985) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

________________________________________
Includes interests in 280 Park Avenue, 650 Madison Avenue (balance reduced to zero in 2022), 512 West 22nd Street, 61 Ninth Avenue and others.
(1)
(2)
Includes interests in Independence Plaza, Rosslyn Plaza and others.
(3) Our negative basis results from distributions in excess of our investment.

Below is a schedule of (loss) income from partially owned entities.

(Amounts in thousands)

Our share of net (loss) income:

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV (see page 89 for details)

Non-cash impairment loss
Equity in net income(1)
Return on preferred equity, net of our share of the expense

Alexander's (see page 90 for details):

Equity in net income(2)
Net gain on sale of land

Management, leasing and development fees

Partially owned office buildings(3)

Other investments(4)

Percentage 
Ownership at 
December 31, 2022

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

51.5%

$ 

(489,859)  $ 

—  $ 

(413,349) 

55,248 

37,416 

(397,195) 

18,439 

— 

4,534 

22,973 

(110,261) 

47,144 

37,416 

84,560 

20,116 

14,576 

5,429 

40,121 

6,384 

21,063 

37,357 

(354,929) 

13,326 

— 

5,309 

18,635 

11,943 

23,132 

(548) 

(4,761) 

$ 

(461,351)  $ 

130,517  $ 

(329,112) 

32.4%

Various

Various

________________________________________
(1) Our share of depreciation and amortization expense in 2022 and 2021 was reduced compared to 2020 primarily due to non-cash impairment losses recognized in 

2020.
2020 includes our $4,846 share of write-offs of lease receivables deemed uncollectible.
Includes interests in 280 Park Avenue, 650 Madison Avenue, One Park Avenue (consolidated from August 5, 2021), 7 West 34th Street, 512 West 22nd Street, 61 
Ninth Avenue, 85 Tenth Avenue and others. 2022 includes a $93,353 impairment loss on our investment in 650 Madison Avenue.
Includes interests in Independence Plaza, Rosslyn Plaza and others. 2022 includes $17,185 of net gains from dispositions of two investments.

(2)
(3)

(4)

91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

5.   Investments in Partially Owned Entities - continued

Below is a summary of the debt of our partially owned entities.

(Amounts in thousands)

Mortgages Payable:

Percentage 
Ownership at 
December 31, 2022

Partially owned office buildings(3)
Alexander's
Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV(4)
Other(5)

Various

32.4%

51.5%

Various

Weighted Average 
Interest Rate at 
December 31, 2022(1)

100% Partially Owned Entities’
Debt(2) at December 31,

2022

2021

4.82%

4.12%

5.55%

5.14%

$ 

3,288,977  $ 

1,096,544 

921,000 

1,377,492 

3,297,999 

1,096,544 

950,000 

1,342,162 

Maturity

2023-2029

2024-2027

2022-2024

2023-2032

________________________________________
(1) Represents the interest rate in effect as of period end based on the appropriate reference rate as of the contractual reset date plus contractual spread, adjusted for 

hedging instruments, as applicable.

(2) All amounts are non-recourse to us except (i) the $500,000 mortgage loan on 640 Fifth Avenue, included in the Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV, and (ii) the 

$300,000 mortgage loan on 7 West 34th Street.
Includes interests in 280 Park Avenue, 650 Madison Avenue, 7 West 34th Street, 512 West 22nd Street, 61 Ninth Avenue, 85 Tenth Avenue and others.
Includes the 697-703 Fifth Avenue mortgage loan which was not repaid upon its December 2022 maturity, resulting in an event of default. See page 90 for details.
Includes interests in Independence Plaza, Rosslyn Plaza and others.

(3)
(4)
(5)

Based  on  our  ownership  interest  in  the  partially  owned  entities  above,  our  pro  rata  share  of  the  debt  of  these  partially  owned 

entities was $2,697,226,000 and $2,699,405,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Summary of Condensed Combined Financial Information

The following is a summary of condensed combined financial information for all of our partially owned entities. 

(Amounts in thousands)

Balance Sheet:

Assets
Liabilities
Noncontrolling interests
Equity

(Amounts in thousands)

Income Statement:

Total revenue
Net (loss) income 
Net (loss) income attributable to the entities

As of December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

12,012,000  $ 
7,519,000 
2,095,000 
2,398,000 

12,689,000 
7,553,000 
2,069,000 
3,067,000 

For the Year Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

1,189,000  $ 
(404,000) 
(483,000) 

1,184,000  $ 
190,000 
114,000 

1,163,000 
45,000 
(33,000) 

92

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

6.   220 Central Park South

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we closed on the sale of three condominium units and ancillary amenities at 220 CPS 
for  net  proceeds  of  $88,019,000  resulting  in  a  financial  statement  net  gain  of  $41,874,000  which  is  included  in  "net  gains  on 
disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income. In connection with these sales, 
$6,016,000 of income tax expense was recognized on our consolidated statements of income. From inception to December 31, 2022, 
we have closed on the sale of 109 units and ancillary amenities for net proceeds of $3,094,915,000 resulting in financial statement net 
gains of $1,159,129,000. As of December 31, 2022, we are 97% sold.

7.  Dispositions

SoHo Properties

On  January  13,  2022,  we  sold  two  Manhattan  retail  properties  located  at  478-482  Broadway  and  155  Spring  Street  for 
$84,500,000 and realized net proceeds of $81,399,000. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $551,000 which is 
included in "net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income. 

Center Building (33-00 Northern Boulevard)

On  June  17,  2022,  we  sold  the  Center  Building,  an  eight-story  498,000  square  foot  office  building  located  at  33-00  Northern 
Boulevard in Long Island City, New York, for $172,750,000. We realized net proceeds of $58,946,000 after repayment of the existing 
$100,000,000 mortgage loan and closing costs. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $15,213,000 which is included 
in "net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income.

484-486 Broadway

On  December  15,  2022,  we  sold  484-486  Broadway,  a  30,000  square  foot  retail  and  residential  building  for  $23,520,000,  and 
realized net proceeds of $22,430,000. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $2,919,000 which is included in "net 
gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income.

40 Fulton Street

On December 21, 2022, we sold 40 Fulton Street, a 251,000 square foot Manhattan office and retail building, for $101,000,000, 
and realized net proceeds of $96,566,000. In connection with the sale, we recognized a net gain of $31,876,000 which is included in 
"net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets" on our consolidated statements of income.

93

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

8.   Identified Intangible Assets and Liabilities 

The following summarizes our identified intangible assets (primarily above-market leases) and liabilities (primarily below-market 

leases).

(Amounts in thousands)

Identified intangible assets:

Gross amount

Accumulated amortization

Total, net

Identified intangible liabilities (included in deferred revenue):

Gross amount

Accumulated amortization

Total, net 

Balance as of December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

237,777  $ 

(98,139) 

139,638  $ 

244,396  $ 

(208,592) 

35,804  $ 

252,081 

(97,186) 

154,895 

256,065 

(212,245) 

43,820 

Amortization of acquired below-market leases, net of acquired above-market leases, resulted in an increase to rental revenues of 
$5,178,000,  $9,249,000  and  $16,878,000  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  Estimated  annual 
amortization for each of the five succeeding years commencing January 1, 2023 is below:

(Amounts in thousands)

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

$ 

5,471 

2,352 

941 

299 

(148) 

Amortization of all other identified intangible assets (a component of depreciation and amortization expense) was $10,516,000, 
$7,330,000 and $6,507,000 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Estimated annual amortization for 
each of the five succeeding years commencing January 1, 2023 is below:

(Amounts in thousands)

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

$ 

7,948 

7,128 

6,077 

5,884 

5,449 

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9.   Debt

Secured Debt

On  June  15,  2022,  we  completed  a  $480,000,000  refinancing  of  100  West  33rd  Street,  a  1.1  million  square  foot  building 
comprised of 859,000 square feet of office space and 255,000 square feet of retail space. The interest-only loan bears a rate of SOFR 
plus 1.65% (5.96% as of December 31, 2022) through March 2024, increasing to SOFR plus 1.85% thereafter. The interest rate on the 
loan was swapped to a fixed rate of 5.06% through March 2024, and 5.26% through June 2027. The loan matures in June 2027, with 
two  one-year  extension  options  subject  to  debt  service  coverage  ratio  and  loan-to-value  tests.  The  loan  replaces  the  previous 
$580,000,000 loan that bore interest at LIBOR plus 1.55% and was scheduled to mature in April 2024.  

On  June  28,  2022,  we  completed  a  $700,000,000  refinancing  of  770  Broadway,  a  1.2  million  square  foot  Class  A  Manhattan 
office building. The interest-only loan bears a rate of SOFR plus 2.25% (6.48% as of December 31, 2022) and matures in July 2024 
with three one-year extension options (July 2027 as fully extended). The interest rate on the loan was swapped to a fixed rate of 4.98% 
through  July  2027.  The  loan  replaces  the  previous  $700,000,000  loan  that  bore  interest  at  SOFR  plus  1.86%  and  was  scheduled  to 
mature in July 2022.

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

On June 30, 2022, we amended and extended one of our two revolving credit facilities. The $1.25 billion amended facility bears 
interest at a rate of SOFR plus 1.15% (5.47% as of December 31, 2022). The term of the facility was extended from March 2024 to 
December 2027, as fully extended. The facility fee is 25 basis points. On August 16, 2022, the interest rate on the $575,000,000 drawn 
on the facility was swapped to a fixed interest rate of 3.88% through August 2027. Our other $1.25 billion revolving credit facility 
matures in April 2026, as fully extended, and bears a rate of SOFR plus 1.19% with a facility fee of 25 basis points.

Unsecured Term Loan

On June 30, 2022, we extended our $800,000,000 unsecured term loan from February 2024 to December 2027. The extended loan 

bears interest at a rate of SOFR plus 1.30% (5.62% as of December 31, 2022) and is currently swapped to a fixed rate of 4.05%.

Interest Rate Hedging Activities

We entered into the following interest rate swap arrangements during the year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 13 - Fair Value 
Measurements for further information on our consolidated hedging instruments.

(Amounts in thousands)

770 Broadway mortgage loan

Unsecured revolving credit facility
Unsecured term loan(1)(2)
Unsecured term loan (effective 10/23)(2)
100 West 33rd Street mortgage loan
888 Seventh Avenue mortgage loan(3)

Notional Amount

All-In Swapped 
Rate

Swap Expiration 
Date

Variable Rate 
Spread

$ 

700,000 

575,000

50,000 

500,000 

480,000 

200,000 

4.98%

3.88%

4.04%

4.39%

5.06%

4.76%

07/27

08/27

08/27

10/26

06/27

09/27

S+225

S+115

S+130

S+130

S+165

S+180

________________________________________
(1) Together with the existing $750,000 interest rate swap arrangement expiring October 2023, the $800,000 unsecured term loan balance currently bears interest at a 

fixed rate of 4.05%.

(2) On February 7, 2023, we entered into a forward interest rate swap arrangement for $150,000 of the $800,000 unsecured term loan, effective October 2023 and 

expiring July 2025.

(3) The remaining $77,800 amortizing mortgage loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of SOFR plus 1.80%. 

95

 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9.   Debt - continued

The following is a summary of our debt:

(Amounts in thousands)

Mortgages Payable:

Fixed rate
Variable rate(2)

Total

Deferred financing costs, net and other

Total, net

Unsecured Debt:

Senior unsecured notes

Deferred financing costs, net and other

Senior unsecured notes, net

Unsecured term loan

Deferred financing costs, net and other

Unsecured term loan, net

Weighted Average 
Interest Rate at 
December 31, 2022(1)

Balance as of December 31,

2022

2021

3.63%

5.67%

4.43%

3.02%

4.05%

$ 

3,570,000  $ 

2,307,615 

5,877,615 

(48,597) 

2,190,000 

3,909,215 

6,099,215 

(45,872) 

$ 

$ 

5,829,018  $ 

6,053,343 

1,200,000  $ 

1,200,000 

(8,168) 

1,191,832 

(10,208) 

1,189,792 

800,000 

(6,807) 

793,193 

800,000 

(2,188) 

797,812 

Unsecured revolving credit facilities

3.88%

575,000 

575,000 

Total, net

$ 

2,560,025  $ 

2,562,604 

________________________________________
(1) Represents the interest rate in effect as of period end based on the appropriate reference rate as of the contractual reset date plus contractual spread, adjusted for 

hedging instruments, as applicable.

(2) As  of  December  31,  2022,  our  variable  rate  debt  is  subject  to  interest  rate  cap  arrangements  with  a  total  notional  amount  of $1,649,120.  The  interest  rate  cap 
arrangements have a weighted average strike rate of 4.14% and a weighted average remaining term of nine months. These amounts exclude the forward cap we 
entered into in December 2022 for the $525,000 One Park Avenue mortgage loan effective upon the March 2023 expiration of the existing cap. The forward cap 
has a SOFR strike rate of 3.89% and expires in March 2024.

The net carrying amount of properties collateralizing the above indebtedness amounted to $5.6 billion as of December 31, 2022. 

As  of  December  31,  2022,  the  principal  maturities  of  mortgages  payable  and  unsecured  debt,  including  as-of-right  extension 

options, for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

(Amounts in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Mortgages Payable

Unsecured Debt

$ 

21,600  $ 

396,415 

854,600 

525,000 

1,580,000 

2,500,000 

— 

— 

450,000 

400,000 

1,375,000 

350,000 

10.  Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Partnership Units 

Redeemable noncontrolling partnership units are primarily comprised of Class A Operating Partnership units held by third parties 
and are recorded at the greater of their carrying amount or redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the value 
from period-to-period are charged to “additional capital” in Vornado’s consolidated statements of changes in equity and to “partners’ 
capital”  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  the  Operating  Partnership.  Class  A  units  may  be  tendered  for  redemption  to  the 
Operating Partnership for cash; Vornado, at its option, may assume that obligation and pay the holder either cash or Vornado common 
shares on a one-for-one basis. Because the number of Vornado common shares outstanding at all times equals the number of Class A 
units owned by Vornado, the redemption value of each Class A unit is equivalent to the market value of one Vornado common share, 
and the quarterly distribution to a Class A unitholder is equal to the quarterly dividend paid to a Vornado common shareholder.

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

10.  Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - continued

Redeemable Noncontrolling Partnership Units - continued

Below are the details of redeemable noncontrolling partnership units.

(Amounts in thousands, except units and per unit 
amounts)

Balance as of December 31,

Units Outstanding as of 
December 31,

Unit Series

2022

2021

2022

2021

Per Unit
Liquidation
Preference

Preferred or
Annual
Distribution
Rate

Common:

Class A units held by third parties

$ 

345,157 

(1) $ 

587,440 

(2)

  14,416,891 

  14,033,438 

n/a

$ 

2.12 

Perpetual Preferred/Redeemable Preferred:

3.25%  D-17 Cumulative Redeemable(3)

$ 

3,535 

$ 

3,535 

141,400 

141,400  $ 

25.00  $ 

0.8125 

________________________________________
(1) Aggregate redemption value was based on carrying amount.
(2) Aggregate redemption value was based on Vornado's year-end closing common share price.
(3) Holders  may  tender  units  for  redemption  to  the  Operating  Partnership  for  cash  at  their  stated  redemption  amount;  Vornado,  at  its  option,  may  assume  that 

obligation and pay the holders either cash or Vornado preferred shares on a one-for-one basis. These units are redeemable at Vornado's option at any time.

Below is a table summarizing the activity of redeemable noncontrolling partnership units.

(Amounts in thousands)

Beginning balance

Net (loss) income 

Other comprehensive income 

Distributions

Redemption of Class A units for Vornado common shares, at redemption value

Redeemable Class A unit measurement adjustment

Other, net

Ending balance

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

590,975 

$ 

511,747 

(30,376) 

14,250 

(30,311) 

(3,524) 

(221,145) 

28,823 

$ 

348,692 

$ 

7,540 

4,048 

(29,901) 

(14,576) 

76,073 

36,044 

590,975 

Redeemable  noncontrolling  partnership  units  exclude  our  Series  G-1  through  G-4  convertible  preferred  units  and  Series  D-13 
cumulative  redeemable  preferred  units,  as  they  are  accounted  for  as  liabilities  in  accordance  with  ASC  Topic  480,  Distinguishing 
Liabilities and Equity. Accordingly, the fair value of these units is included as a component of "other liabilities" on our consolidated 
balance sheets and aggregated $49,383,000 and $49,659,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Changes in the value 
from period-to-period, if any, are charged to “interest and debt expense” on our consolidated statements of income.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in a Consolidated Subsidiary

A consolidated joint venture in which we own a 95% interest is completing development of The Farley Building (the "Project"). 
During 2020, a historic tax credit investor (the "Tax Credit Investor") funded $92,400,000 of capital contributions and is expected to 
make additional capital contributions in future periods. 

The  arrangement  includes  a  put  option  whereby  the  joint  venture  may  be  obligated  to  purchase  the  Tax  Credit  Investor’s 
ownership interest in the Project at a future date. The put price is calculated based on a pre-determined formula. As exercise of the put 
option is outside of the joint venture’s control, the Tax Credit Investor’s interest, together with the put option, have been recorded to 
“redeemable noncontrolling interest in a consolidated subsidiary” on our consolidated balance sheets. The redeemable noncontrolling 
interest is recorded at the greater of the carrying amount or redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the value 
from period-to-period are charged to “additional capital” in Vornado’s consolidated statements of changes in equity and to “partners’ 
capital”  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  the  Operating  Partnership.  There  was  no  adjustment  required  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Below is a table summarizing the activity of the redeemable noncontrolling interest in a consolidated subsidiary.

(Amounts in thousands)

Beginning balance

Net (loss) income

Ending balance

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

97,708 

$ 

(9,668) 

88,040 

$ 

94,520 

3,188 

97,708 

97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

11.  Shareholders' Equity/Partners' Capital

Common Shares (Vornado Realty Trust)

As  of  December  31,  2022,  there  were  191,866,880  common  shares  outstanding.  During  2022,  we  paid  an  aggregate  of 

$406,562,000 of common dividends comprised of quarterly common dividends of $0.53 per share.

Class A Units (Vornado Realty L.P.)

As  of  December  31,  2022,  there  were  191,866,880  Class  A  units  outstanding  that  were  held  by  Vornado.  These  units  are 
classified as “partners’ capital” on the consolidated balance sheets of the Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2022, there were 
14,416,891  Class  A  units  outstanding,  that  were  held  by  third  parties.  These  units  are  classified  outside  of  “partners’  capital”  as 
“redeemable  partnership  units”  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  the  Operating  Partnership  (See  Note  10  –  Redeemable 
Noncontrolling  Interests).  During  2022,  the  Operating  Partnership  paid  an  aggregate  of  $406,562,000  of  distributions  to  Vornado 
comprised of quarterly common distributions of $0.53 per unit.

Preferred Shares/Units

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  details  of  our  preferred  shares  of  beneficial  interest  and  the  preferred  units  of  the  Operating 

Partnership outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. During 2022, preferred dividends were $62,116,000.

(Amounts in thousands, except share/unit and per share/per unit amounts)

Preferred Shares/Units

Convertible Preferred:

6.5% Series A: authorized 12,902 shares/units(2)

Cumulative Redeemable Preferred(3):

5.40% Series L: authorized 13,800,000 shares/units

5.25% Series M: authorized 13,800,000 shares/units

5.25% Series N: authorized 12,000,000 shares/units

4.45% Series O: authorized 12,000,000 shares/units

Balance

Shares/Units 
Outstanding 

Liquidation
Preference

Annual
Dividend/
Distribution(1)

Per Share/Unit

$ 

920 

12,902  $ 

50.00  $ 

3.25 

290,306 

  12,000,000 

308,946 

  12,780,000 

291,134 

  12,000,000 

291,153 

  12,000,000 

$  1,182,459 

  48,792,902 

25.00 

25.00 

25.00 

25.00 

1.35 

1.3125 

1.3125 

1.1125 

________________________________________
(1) Dividends on preferred shares and distributions on preferred units are cumulative and are payable quarterly in arrears. 
(2) Redeemable at the option of Vornado under certain circumstances, at a redemption price of 1.9531 common shares/Class A units per Series A Preferred Share/
Unit plus accrued and unpaid dividends/distributions through the date of redemption, or convertible at any time at the option of the holder for 1.9531 common 
shares/Class A units per Series A Preferred Share/Unit.

(3) Series L and Series M preferred shares/units are redeemable at Vornado's option at a redemption price of $25.00 per share/unit, plus accrued and unpaid dividends/
distributions through the date of redemption. Series N preferred shares/units are redeemable commencing November 2025 and Series O preferred shares/units are 
redeemable commencing September 2026. 

12.  Variable Interest Entities  

Unconsolidated VIEs

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had several unconsolidated VIEs. We do not consolidate these entities because we are not 
the primary beneficiary and the nature of our involvement in the activities of these entities does not give us power over decisions that 
significantly affect these entities’ economic performance. We account for our investment in these entities under the equity method (see 
Note 5 – Investments in Partially Owned Entities). As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the net carrying amount of our investments in 
these  entities  was  $68,223,000  and  $69,435,000,  respectively,  and  our  maximum  exposure  to  loss  in  these  entities  is  limited  to  the 
carrying amount of our investments.

Consolidated VIEs

Our  most  significant  consolidated  VIEs  are  the  Operating  Partnership  (for  Vornado),  the  Farley  joint  venture  and  certain 
properties that have noncontrolling interests. These entities are VIEs because the noncontrolling interests do not have substantive kick-
out or participating rights. We consolidate these entities because we control all significant business activities.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  the  total  assets  and  liabilities  of  our  consolidated  VIEs,  excluding  the  Operating  Partnership,  were 
$4,423,995,000 and $2,345,726,000 respectively. As of December 31, 2021, the total assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs, 
excluding the Operating Partnership, were $4,564,621,000 and $2,517,652,000, respectively.

98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

13.  Fair Value Measurements 

ASC 820 defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value. The objective of fair value is to determine the 
price  that  would  be  received  upon  the  sale  of  an  asset  or  paid  to  transfer  a  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market 
participants  at  the  measurement  date  (the  exit  price).  ASC  820  establishes  a  fair  value  hierarchy  that  prioritizes  observable  and 
unobservable  inputs  used  to  measure  fair  value  into  three  levels:  Level  1  –  quoted  prices  (unadjusted)  in  active  markets  that  are 
accessible  at  the  measurement  date  for  assets  or  liabilities  as  well  as  certain  U.S.  Treasury  securities  that  are  highly  liquid  and  are 
actively  traded  in  secondary  markets;  Level  2  –  observable  prices  that  are  based  on  inputs  not  quoted  in  active  markets,  but 
corroborated by market data; and Level 3 – unobservable inputs that are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value 
hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. In determining fair value, we utilize 
valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible, as 
well as consider counterparty credit risk in our assessment of fair value. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret Level 2 and 3 
inputs  in  determining  the  fair  value  of  our  financial  and  non-financial  assets  and  liabilities.  Accordingly,  our  fair  value  estimates, 
which are made at the end of each reporting period, may be different than the amounts that may ultimately be realized upon sale or 
disposition of these assets.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets consist of (i) investments in U.S. 
Treasury bills (classified as available-for-sale), (ii) real estate fund investments, (iii) the assets in our deferred compensation plan (for 
which there is a corresponding liability on our consolidated balance sheets), (iv) loans receivable for which we have elected the fair 
value  option  under  ASC  Subtopic  825-10,  Financial  Instruments  ("ASC  825-10"),  (v)  interest  rate  swaps  and  caps  and  (vi) 
mandatorily  redeemable  instruments  (Series  G-1  through  G-4  convertible  preferred  units  and  Series  D-13  cumulative  redeemable 
preferred  units).  The  tables  below  aggregate  the  fair  values  of  these  financial  assets  and  liabilities  by  their  levels  in  the  fair  value 
hierarchy.

(Amounts in thousands)

As of December 31, 2022

Investments in U.S. Treasury bills (1)
Deferred compensation plan assets ($7,763 included in restricted cash and $88,559 in 

other assets)

Loans receivable ($50,091 included in investments in partially owned entities and 

$4,306 in other assets)

Interest rate swaps and caps (included in other assets)

Total assets

Mandatorily redeemable instruments (included in other liabilities)

(Amounts in thousands)

Real estate fund investments

Deferred compensation plan assets ($9,104 included in restricted cash and $101,070 in 

other assets)

Loans receivable ($46,444 included in investments in partially owned entities and 

$3,738 in other assets)

Interest rate swaps (included in other assets)

Total assets

Mandatorily redeemable instruments (included in other liabilities)

Interest rate swaps (included in other liabilities)

Total liabilities

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

471,962  $ 

471,962  $ 

—  $ 

— 

96,322 

57,406 

54,397 

183,804 

— 

— 

— 

— 

183,804 

38,916 

54,397 

— 

806,485  $ 

529,368  $ 

183,804  $ 

93,313 

49,383  $ 

49,383  $ 

—  $ 

— 

As of December 31, 2021

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

7,730  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

7,730 

110,174 

65,158 

50,182 

18,929 

— 

— 

— 

— 

18,929 

45,016 

50,182 

— 

187,015  $ 

65,158  $ 

18,929  $ 

102,928 

49,659  $ 

49,659  $ 

—  $ 

32,837 

— 

32,837 

82,496  $ 

49,659  $ 

32,837  $ 

— 

— 

— 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

________________________________________
(1)  During the year ended December 31, 2022, we purchased $1,066,096 in U.S. Treasury bills with an aggregate par value of $1,077,000 and realized net proceeds of  
$600,000 from maturing U.S. Treasury bills. As of December 31, 2022, our investments in U.S. Treasury bills have an aggregate accreted cost of $473,171 and 
have remaining maturities of less than one year.

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

13.  Fair Value Measurements - continued

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis - continued
Deferred Compensation Plan Assets

Deferred  compensation  plan  assets  that  are  classified  as  Level  3  consist  of  investments  in  limited  partnerships  and  investment 
funds, which are managed by third parties. We receive quarterly financial reports that provide net asset values on a fair value basis 
from a third-party administrator, which are compiled from the quarterly reports provided to them from each limited partnership and 
investment  fund.  The  period  of  time  over  which  these  underlying  assets  are  expected  to  be  liquidated  is  unknown.  The  third-party 
administrator does not adjust these values in determining our share of the net assets and we do not adjust these values when reported in 
our consolidated financial statements.

The table below summarizes the changes in the fair value of deferred compensation plan assets that are classified as Level 3.

(Amounts in thousands)

Beginning balance

Purchases

Sales

Realized and unrealized (losses) gains
Other, net

Ending balance

Loans Receivable

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

45,016  $ 

4,507 

(9,941) 

(3,781) 
3,115 

38,916  $ 

39,928 

5,705 

(4,766) 

2,250 
1,899 

45,016 

$ 

$ 

Loans receivable consist of loan investments in real estate related assets for which we have elected the fair value option under 

ASC 825-10. These investments are classified as Level 3.

Significant unobservable quantitative inputs used in determining the fair value of each investment include capitalization rates and 
discount  rates.  These  rates  are  based  on  the  location,  type  and  nature  of  each  property,  current  and  anticipated  market  conditions, 
industry  publications  and  from  the  experience  of  our  Acquisitions  and  Capital  Markets  departments.  Significant  unobservable 
quantitative inputs in the table below were utilized in determining the fair value of these loans receivable.

Unobservable Quantitative Input
Discount rates
Terminal capitalization rates

As of December 31, 

2022
 7.5%
5.5%

2021
6.5%
5.0%

The table below summarizes the changes in fair value of loans receivable that are classified as Level 3.

(Amounts in thousands)

Beginning balance
Interest accrual 
Paydowns
Ending balance

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

50,182  $ 
4,748 
(533) 
54,397  $ 

47,743 
3,714 
(1,275) 
50,182 

100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

13.  Fair Value Measurements - continued

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis - continued

Derivatives and Hedging 

We  recognize  the  fair  values  of  all  derivatives  in  "other  assets"  or  "other  liabilities"  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheets. 
Derivatives that are not hedges are adjusted to fair value through earnings. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the 
hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or 
firm  commitment  through  earnings,  or  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  until  the  hedged  item  is  recognized  in  earnings. 
Reported  net  income  and  equity  may  increase  or  decrease  prospectively,  depending  on  future  levels  of  interest  rates  and  other 
variables affecting the fair values of hedging instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows. 

The following table summarizes our consolidated hedging instruments, all of which hedge variable rate debt, as of December 31, 

2022 and 2021, respectively. 

(Amounts in thousands)

Interest Rate Swaps:

555 California Street mortgage loan

770 Broadway mortgage loan

PENN 11 mortgage loan

Unsecured revolving credit facility

Unsecured term loan

100 West 33rd Street mortgage loan

888 Seventh Avenue mortgage loan

Unsecured term loan (effective October 2023)

4 Union Square South mortgage loan

Interest Rate Caps:

1290 Avenue of the Americas mortgage loan

One Park Avenue mortgage loan

Various mortgage loans

Included in other assets

Included in other liabilities

Fair Value
Asset (Liability) as of
December 31,

2022

2021

As of December 31, 2022

Notional 
Amount

All-In 
Swapped 
Rate

Swap 
Expiration 
Date

$ 

49,888  $ 

11,814  $ 

840,000 

(1)

29,226 

26,587 

24,457 

14,694 

6,886 

6,544 

6,330 

4,050 

7,590 

5,472 

2,080 

— 

6,565 

— 

(28,976) 

— 

— 

— 

(3,861) 

411 

— 

139 

700,000 

500,000 

575,000 

800,000 

480,000 

200,000 

(3)

500,000 

100,000 

(4)

950,000 

525,000 

$ 

$ 

183,804  $ 

—  $ 

18,929 

32,837 

2.26%

4.98%

2.22%

3.88%

4.05%

5.06%

4.76%

4.39%

3.74%

(5)

(6)

05/24

07/27

03/24

08/27

(2)

06/27

09/27

10/26

01/25

11/23

03/24

________________________________________
(1) Represents our 70.0% share of the $1.2 billion mortgage loan.
(2) Comprised of a $750,000 interest rate swap arrangement expiring October 2023 and a $50,000 interest rate swap arrangement expiring August 2027.
(3) The remaining $77,800 amortizing mortgage loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of SOFR plus 1.80% (5.92% as of December 31, 2022).
(4) Upon the sale of 33-00 Northern Boulevard in June 2022, the $100,000 corporate-level interest rate swap was reallocated and now hedges  the interest  rate on 
$100,000 of the 4 Union Square South mortgage loan through January 2025. The remaining $20,000 mortgage loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of 
SOFR plus 1.50% (5.62% as of December 31, 2022).

(5) LIBOR cap strike rate of 4.00%.
(6) SOFR cap strike rate of 4.39%. In December 2022, we entered into a forward cap for the $525,000 One Park Avenue mortgage loan effective upon the March 

2023 expiration of the existing cap. The forward cap has a SOFR strike rate of 3.89% and expires in March 2024.

101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

13.  Fair Value Measurements - continued

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis

As of December 31, 2022, we had assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis on our consolidated balance sheets with 
an aggregate fair value of $2,352,328,000, representing real estate investments, including our investment in Fifth Avenue and Times 
Square JV as well as wholly owned street retail assets, that have been written down to estimated fair value for impairment purposes. 
These investments are classified as Level 3. Our estimate of the fair value of these assets was measured using discounted cash flow 
analyses  based  upon  market  conditions  and  expectations  of  growth  and  utilized  unobservable  quantitative  inputs  including 
capitalization rates and discount rates. Significant unobservable quantitative inputs in the table below were utilized in determining the 
fair value of these real estate assets.

Unobservable Quantitative Input

Discount rates

Terminal capitalization rates

Range

7.50% - 8.00%

4.75% - 5.50%

December 31, 2022

Weighted Average
(based on fair value of investments)

7.52%

4.78%

Financial Assets and Liabilities not Measured at Fair Value

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  measured  at  fair  value  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheets  include  cash  equivalents 
(primarily  money  market  funds,  which  invest  in  obligations  of  the  United  States  government),  and  our  secured  and  unsecured 
debt. Estimates of the fair value of these instruments are determined by the standard practice of modeling the contractual cash flows 
required under the instrument and discounting them back to their present value at the appropriate current risk adjusted interest rate, 
which is provided by a third-party specialist. For floating rate debt, we use forward rates derived from observable market yield curves 
to  project  the  expected  cash  flows  we  would  be  required  to  make  under  the  instrument.  The  fair  value  of  cash  equivalents  and 
borrowings  under  our  unsecured  revolving  credit  facilities  and  unsecured  term  loan  are  classified  as  Level  1.  The  fair  value  of  our 
secured debt and unsecured debt are classified as Level 2. The table below summarizes the carrying amounts and fair value of these 
financial instruments.

(Amounts in thousands)

Cash equivalents

Debt:

Mortgages payable

Senior unsecured notes

Unsecured term loan

Unsecured revolving credit facilities

Total

As of December 31, 2022

As of December 31, 2021

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

402,903 

5,877,615 

1,200,000 

800,000 

575,000 

$ 

$ 

403,000 

5,697,000 

1,021,000 

800,000 

575,000 

$ 

$ 

1,346,684 

6,099,215 

1,200,000 

800,000 

575,000 

8,452,615 

(1) $ 

8,093,000 

$ 

8,674,215 

(1) $ 

1,347,000 

6,052,000 

1,230,000 

800,000 

575,000 

8,657,000 

________________________________________
(1) Excludes $63,572 and $58,268 of deferred financing costs, net and other as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

102

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14.  Stock-based Compensation

Vornado's  2019  Omnibus  Share  Plan  (the  “Plan")  provides  the  Compensation  Committee  of  Vornado's  Board  of  Trustees  (the 
"Committee") the ability to grant incentive and nonqualified Vornado stock options, restricted stock, restricted Operating Partnership 
units  ("OP  units"),  out-performance  plan  awards  ("OPPs"),  appreciation-only  long-term  incentive  plan  units  (“AO  LTIP  Units”), 
performance conditioned appreciation-only long-term incentive plan units ("Performance Conditioned AO LTIP Units") and long-term 
performance  plan  LTIP  units  ("LTPP  Units")  to  certain  of  our  employees  and  officers.  Awards  may  be  granted  up  to  a  maximum 
5,500,000 shares, if all awards granted are Full Value awards, as defined in the Plan, and up to 11,000,000 shares, if all of the awards 
granted are Not Full Value Awards, as defined in the Plan. Full Value Awards are awards of securities, such as restricted shares, that, 
if all vesting requirements are met, do not require the payment of an exercise price or strike price to acquire the securities. Not Full 
Value  Awards  are  awards  of  securities,  such  as  options,  that  do  require  the  payment  of  an  exercise  price  or  strike  price.  As  of 
December 31, 2022, Vornado has approximately 2,803,000 shares available for future grants under the Plan, if all awards granted are 
Full Value Awards, as defined.

We account for all equity-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation. Below is 
a  summary  of  our  stock-based  compensation  expense,  a  component  of  "general  and  administrative"  expense  on  our  consolidated 
statements of income.

 (Amounts in thousands)

OP Units

LTPP Units

OPPs

AO LTIP Units

Vornado stock options

Vornado restricted stock

Performance Conditioned AO LTIP Units

For the Year Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

21,086  $ 

27,698  $ 

5,145 

1,906 

430 

296 

292 

94 

— 

8,629 

877 

456 

450 

219 

33,431 

— 

9,579 

3,955 

656 

649 

407 

$ 

29,249  $ 

38,329  $ 

48,677 

Below is a summary of unrecognized compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2022.

(Amounts in thousands)

OP Units

OPPs

LTPP Units

Vornado stock options

Vornado restricted stock

AO LTIP Units

As of 
December 31, 2022

Weighted-Average
Remaining 
Contractual Term

$ 

$ 

7,834 

3,198 

2,702 

175 

172 

131 

14,212 

1.4

1.6

1.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.5

103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14.  Stock-based Compensation - continued

LTPP Units

On January 12, 2022, the Committee approved the 2022 LTPP, a multi-year, LTIP units-based performance equity compensation 
plan.  Awards  under  the  2022  LTPP  are  bifurcated  between  operational  performance  (50%)  and  relative  performance  (50%) 
measurements and may be earned at specified threshold, target and maximum levels. 

The operational component awards may be earned based on Vornado’s 2022 operational performance in the following categories:

• FFO, as adjusted per share (75% weighting); and

•  ESG  performance  metrics  consisting  of  greenhouse  emissions  reductions,  Global  Real  Estate  Sustainability  Benchmark 

("GRESB") score and Green Building Certification (LEED) achievements (aggregate 25% weighting).

Any  LTTP  award  units  tentatively  earned  based  on  Vornado’s  2022  operational  performance  are  subject  to  an  absolute  return 
modifier pursuant to which such award units are subject to a potential reduction (but not increase) of up to 30% if Vornado’s aggregate 
total three-year shareholder return (“TSR”) for 2022-2025 is below specified levels.

Awards  under  relative  components  may  be  earned  based  on  Vornado’s  three-year  TSR,  measured  against  the  Dow  Jones  U.S. 
Real  Estate  Office  Index  (50%  weighting)  and  a  Northeast  peer  group  custom  index  (50%  weighting).  Awards  earned  under  the 
relative component of the LTPP are subject to reductions of up to 30% if Vornado’s three-year TSR is below specified levels.

If the designated performance objectives are achieved, awards earned under 2022 LTPP will vest 50% in January 2025 and 50% 
in January 2026. In addition, the Chief Executive Officer is required to hold any earned and vested awards for three years following 
each such vesting date and all other award recipients are required to hold such awards for one year following each such vesting date. 
Dividends  on  awards  granted  under  the  2022  LTPP  accrue  during  the  applicable  performance  period  and  are  paid  to  participants  if 
awards  are  ultimately  earned  based  on  the  achievement  of  the  designated  performance  objectives.  LTPP  Units,  if  earned,  become 
convertible into Class A units of the Operating Partnership (and ultimately into Vornado common shares) following vesting.

LTPP  Units  granted  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  had  a  total  notional  value  of  $17,025,000  and  a  fair  value  of 
$7,847,000, of which $4,033,000 was immediately expensed on the respective grant date due to acceleration of vesting for employees 
who are retirement eligible (have reached age 65 or age 60 with at least 20 years of service).

104

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14.  Stock-based Compensation – continued

OPPs

OPPs are multi-year, performance-based equity compensation plans under which participants have the opportunity to earn a class 
of  units  (“OPP  units”)  of  the  Operating  Partnership  if,  and  only  if,  Vornado  outperforms  a  predetermined  total  shareholder  return 
(“TSR”)  and/or  outperforms  the  market  with  respect  to  a  relative  TSR  during  the  three-year  or  four-year  performance  period.  OPP 
units,  if  earned,  become  convertible  into  Class  A  units  of  the  Operating  Partnership  (and  ultimately  into  Vornado  common  shares) 
following vesting.

Below is the summary of the OPP units granted during the years December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Plan Year
2021
2020

Total Plan
Notional Amount

Percentage of Notional
Amount Granted

Grant Date
Fair Value(1)

$ 

30,000,000 
35,000,000 

 99.1 % $ 
 94.0 %  

9,950,000 
11,700,000 

OPP Units Earned
To be determined in 2025
To be determined in 2023

________________________________________
(1)  During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 $6,140,000 and $7,583,000, respectively, was immediately expensed on the respective grant date due to 

acceleration of vesting for employees who are retirement eligible (have reached age 65 or age 60 with at least 20 years of service).

Vornado Stock Options

Vornado  stock  options  are  granted  at  an  exercise  price  equal  to  the  average  of  the  high  and  low  market  price  of  Vornado’s 
common  shares  on  the  NYSE  on  the  date  of  grant,  generally  vest  over  four  years  and  expire  ten  years  from  the  date  of  grant. 
Compensation expense related to Vornado stock option awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.

Below is a summary of Vornado’s stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Outstanding as of December 31, 2021

Exercised

Forfeited

Expired

Outstanding as of December 31, 2022

Options exercisable as of December 31, 2022

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

65.27 

36.72 

53.42 

65.86 

65.35 

68.25 

4.99

4.48

$ 

$ 

— 

— 

Shares

191,933  $ 

(197) 

(1,413) 

(13,618) 

176,705  $ 

140,031  $ 

There were no Vornado stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The fair value of each option 
grant is estimated on the date of grant using an option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for grants in 
the year ended December 31, 2020.

Expected volatility

Expected life

Risk free interest rate

Expected dividend yield

As of December 31, 2020

35% - 36%

5.0 years

0.57% - 1.76%

3.2% - 3.4%

The  weighted  average  grant  date  fair  value  per  share  for  options  granted  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  was 
$12.28.  Cash  received  from  option  exercises  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020  was  $7,000,  $22,000  and 
$3,516,000, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was 
$842, $5,500 and $859,000, respectively.

105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14.  Stock-based Compensation – continued

Performance Conditioned AO LTIP Units 

Performance Conditioned AO LTIP Units are AO LTIP Units that require the achievement of certain performance conditions by a 
specified date or they are forfeited. The performance-based condition is met if Vornado common shares trade at or above 110% of the 
grant price per share for any 20 consecutive days on or before the fourth anniversary following the date of grant. If the performance 
conditions are not met, the awards are forfeited. If the performance conditions are met, once vested, the awards may be converted into 
Class A Operating Partnership units in the same manner as AO LTIP Units until ten years from the date of grant. On January 14, 2023, 
the outstanding Performance AO LTIPs, which were issued in 2019, were forfeited as the performance conditions were not satisfied. 

AO LTIP Units

AO LTIP Units are a class of partnership interests in the Operating Partnership that are intended to qualify as “profits interests” 
for federal income tax purposes and generally only allow the recipient to realize value to the extent the fair market value of a Vornado 
common share exceeds the threshold level set at the time the AO LTIP Units are granted, subject to any vesting conditions applicable 
to the award. The threshold level is intended to be equal to 100% of the then fair market value of a Vornado common share on the date 
of grant. The value of vested AO LTIP Units is realized through conversion of the AO LTIP Units into Class A Operating Partnership 
units. AO LTIP Units have a term of ten years from the grant date. Each holder will generally receive special income allocations in 
respect  of  an  AO  LTIP  Unit  equal  to  10%  (or  such  other  percentage  specified  in  the  applicable  award  agreement)  of  the  income 
allocated  in  respect  of  a  Class  A  Unit.  Upon  conversion  of  AO  LTIP  Units  to  Class  A  Units,  holders  will  be  entitled  to  receive  in 
respect of each such AO LTIP Unit, on a per unit basis, a special distribution equal to 10% (or such other percentage specified in the 
applicable award agreement) of the distributions received by a holder of an equivalent number of Class A Units during the period from 
the grant date of the AO LTIP Units through the date of conversion.

Below is a summary of AO LTIP Units activity for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Outstanding as of December 31, 2021

Forfeited

Expired

Outstanding as of December 31, 2022

Options exercisable as of December 31, 2022

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

59.91 

54.16 

56.29 

59.93 

61.39 

6.29

6.12

$ 

$ 

— 

— 

Shares

567,739  $ 

(886) 

(1,189) 

565,664  $ 

437,372  $ 

There were no AO LTIP Units granted during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. AO LTIP Units granted during the 
year ended December 31, 2020 had a fair value of $4,319,000. The fair value of each AO LTIP Unit granted is estimated on the date 
of grant using an option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for grants in the year ended December 31, 
2020.

Expected volatility

Expected life

Risk free interest rate

Expected dividend yield

As of December 31, 2020
35% - 36%

5.0 years

0.57% - 1.76%

3.2% - 3.4%

106

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14.  Stock-based Compensation – continued

OP Units

OP Units are granted at the average of the high and low market price of Vornado’s common shares on the NYSE on the date of 
grant, vest ratably over four years and are subject to a taxable book-up event, as defined. Compensation expense related to OP Units is 
recognized  ratably  over  the  vesting  period  using  a  graded  vesting  attribution  model.  Distributions  paid  on  unvested  OP  Units 
amounted to $2,197,000, $2,634,000 and $5,316,000 in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Below is a summary of restricted OP unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Unvested as of December 31, 2021

Unvested Units

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Unvested as of December 31, 2022

Units

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

1,083,087  $ 

501,169 

(597,292) 

(1,048) 

985,916 

53.99 

30.82 

42.12 

44.25 

49.41 

OP Units granted in 2022, 2021 and 2020 had a fair value of $15,446,000, $26,194,000 and $18,013,000, respectively. The fair 
value  of  OP  Units  that  vested  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020  was  $25,158,000,  $36,541,000  and 
$24,373,000, respectively

Vornado Restricted Stock

Vornado restricted stock awards are granted at the average of the high and low market price of Vornado’s common shares on the 
NYSE on the date of grant and generally vest over four years. Compensation expense related to Vornado’s restricted stock awards is 
recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Dividends paid on unvested Vornado restricted stock are charged directly to 
retained  earnings  and  amounted  to  $18,000,  $35,000  and  $98,000  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.

Below is a summary of Vornado’s restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Unvested Shares

Unvested as of December 31, 2021

Vested

Forfeited

Unvested as of December 31, 2022

Shares

Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

15,774  $ 

(7,069) 

(326) 

8,379 

57.82 

60.57 

54.55 

55.64 

There were no Vornado restricted stock awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Vornado restricted 
stock  awards  granted  in  2020  had  a  fair  value  of  $853,000.  The  fair  value  of  restricted  stock  that  vested  during  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $428,000, $567,000 and $602,000, respectively.

107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

15.  Impairment losses, Transaction Related Costs and Other

The following table sets forth the details of impairment losses, transaction related costs and other:

(Amounts in thousands)

Real estate impairment losses(1)
Transaction related costs and other

608 Fifth Avenue lease liability extinguishment gain

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

19,098  $ 

7,880  $ 

12,624 

— 

5,935 

— 

31,722  $ 

13,815  $ 

236,286 

8,001 

(70,260) 

174,027 

________________________________________
(1) See Note 13 - Fair Value Measurements for additional information.

16. Interest and Other Investment Income (Loss), Net

The following table sets forth the details of interest and other investment income (loss), net:

(Amounts in thousands)

Interest on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Amortization of discount on investments in U.S. Treasury bills

Interest on loans receivable

Credit losses on loans receivable 

Market-to-market decrease in the fair value of marketable security (sold on January 23, 2020)

Other, net

17. Interest and Debt Expense

The following table sets forth the details of interest and debt expense:

(Amounts in thousands)

Interest expense(1)
Amortization of Deferred Financing Fees

Capitalized Interest & Debt Expense

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

7,553  $ 

284  $ 

7,075 

5,006 

— 

— 

235 

$ 

19,869  $ 

— 

2,517 

— 

— 

1,811 

4,612  $ 

5,793 

— 

3,384 

(13,369) 

(4,938) 

3,631 

(5,499) 

For the Year Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

$ 

277,046  $ 

249,169  $ 

21,804 

(19,085) 

20,247 

(38,320) 

279,765  $ 

231,096  $ 

251,847 

18,460 

(41,056) 

229,251 

________________________________________
(1)

2021 includes $23,729 of defeasance costs, of which $7,119 is attributable to noncontrolling interests, in connection with the refinancing of 1290 Avenue of the 
Americas, a property in which we own a 70% controlling interest.

108

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

18.  (Loss) Income Per Share/(Loss) Income Per Class A Unit

Vornado Realty Trust

The following table presents the calculations of (i) basic (loss) income per common share which includes the weighted average 
number of common shares outstanding without regard to dilutive potential common shares and (ii) diluted (loss) income per common 
share  which  includes  weighted  average  common  shares  outstanding  and  dilutive  share  equivalents.  Unvested  share-based  payment 
awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends, whether paid or unpaid, are accounted for as participating securities. Earnings 
are  allocated  to  participating  securities,  which  include  restricted  stock  awards,  based  on  the  two-class  method.  Our  share-based 
payment awards, including employee stock options, OP Units, OPPs, AO LTIP Units, Performance Conditioned AO LTIP Units and 
LTPP Units, are included in the calculation of diluted income per share using the treasury stock method if dilutive. Our convertible 
securities,  including  our  Series  A  convertible  preferred  shares,  Series  G-1  through  G-4  convertible  preferred  units  and  Series  D-13 
redeemable preferred units, are reflected in diluted income per share by application of the if-converted method if dilutive.

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

Numerator:

Net (loss) income attributable to Vornado

Preferred share dividends

Series K preferred share issuance costs

Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders

Earnings allocated to unvested participating securities

Numerator for basic (loss) income per share

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(346,499)  $ 

175,999  $ 

(62,116) 

— 

(408,615) 

(18) 

(65,880) 

(9,033) 

101,086 

(34) 

(297,005) 

(51,739) 

— 

(348,744) 

(99) 

$ 

(408,633)  $ 

101,052  $ 

(348,843) 

Denominator:

Denominator for basic (loss) income per share – weighted average shares 
Effect of dilutive securities(1):

Share-based payment awards

Denominator for diluted (loss) income per share – weighted average shares and assumed conversions

191,775

191,551

191,146

— 

191,775

571 

192,122

— 

191,146

(LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON SHARE - BASIC:

Net (loss) income per common share

(LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON SHARE - DILUTED:

Net (loss) income per common share

$ 

$ 

(2.13)  $ 

0.53  $ 

(1.83) 

(2.13)  $ 

0.53  $ 

(1.83) 

________________________________________
(1) The effect of dilutive securities excluded an aggregate of 16,252, 13,835 and 14,007 weighted average common share equivalents in the years ended December 31, 

2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, as their effect was anti-dilutive.

109

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

18.  (Loss) Income Per Share/(Loss) Income Per Class A Unit – continued

Vornado Realty L.P.

The  following  table  presents  the  calculations  of  (i)  basic  (loss)  income  per  Class  A  unit  which  includes  the  weighted  average 
number of Class A units outstanding without regard to dilutive potential Class A units and (ii) diluted (loss) income per Class A unit 
which includes the weighted average Class A units outstanding and dilutive Class A unit equivalents. Unvested share-based payment 
awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, whether paid or unpaid, are accounted for as participating securities. Earnings 
are  allocated  to  participating  securities,  which  include  Vornado  restricted  stock  awards  and  our  OP  Units,  based  on  the  two-class 
method. Our other share-based payment awards, including Vornado stock options, OPPs, AO LTIP Units, Performance Conditioned 
AO LTIP Units and LTPP Units, are included in the calculation of diluted income per Class A unit using the treasury stock method if 
dilutive. Our convertible securities, including our Series A convertible preferred units, Series G-1 through G-4 convertible preferred 
units and Series D-13 redeemable preferred units, are reflected in diluted income per Class A unit by application of the if-converted 
method if dilutive.

(Amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts)

Numerator:

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

Net (loss) income attributable to Vornado Realty L.P.

$ 

(376,875)  $ 

183,539  $ 

(62,231) 

— 

(439,106) 

(2,215) 

(66,035) 

(9,033) 

108,471 

(2,668) 

(321,951) 

(51,904) 

— 

(373,855) 

(5,417) 

$ 

(441,321)  $ 

105,803  $ 

(379,272) 

Preferred unit distributions

Series K preferred unit issuance costs

Net (loss) income attributable to Class A unitholders

Earnings allocated to unvested participating securities

Numerator for basic (loss) income per Class A unit

Denominator:

Denominator for basic (loss) income per Class A unit – weighted average units
Effect of dilutive securities(1):

Share-based payment awards

Denominator for diluted (loss) income per Class A unit – weighted average units and assumed 

conversions

205,315 

204,728 

203,503 

— 

916 

— 

205,315 

205,644 

203,503 

(LOSS) INCOME PER CLASS A UNIT - BASIC:

Net (loss) income per Class A unit

(LOSS) INCOME PER CLASS A UNIT - DILUTED:

Net (loss) income per Class A unit

$ 

$ 

(2.15)  $ 

0.52  $ 

(1.86) 

(2.15)  $ 

0.51  $ 

(1.86) 

________________________________________
(1) The effect of dilutive securities excluded an aggregate of 2,712, 313 and 1,650 weighted average Class A unit equivalents for the years ended December 31, 2022, 

2021 and 2020, respectively, as their effect was anti-dilutive.

110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

19.  Leases

As lessor

We lease space to tenants under operating leases. Most of the leases provide for the payment of fixed base rent payable monthly in 
advance. Leases typically provide for periodic step-ups in rent over the term of the lease and pass through to tenants their share of 
increases in real estate taxes and operating expenses over a base year. Certain leases also require additional variable rent payments 
based  on  a  percentage  of  the  tenants’  sales.  Electricity  is  provided  to  tenants  on  a  sub-metered  basis  or  included  in  rent  based  on 
surveys  and  adjusted  for  subsequent  utility  rate  increases.  Leases  also  typically  provide  for  free  rent  and  tenant  improvement 
allowances for all or a portion of the tenant’s initial construction costs of its premises.

As of December 31, 2022, future undiscounted cash flows under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands)
For the year ended December 31,
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter

As of December 31, 2022

$ 

1,304,777 
1,200,544 
1,102,476 
1,053,948 
950,515 
6,515,202 

As lessee

We have a number of ground leases which are classified as operating leases. As of December 31, 2022, our ROU assets and lease 
liabilities  were  $684,380,000  and  $735,969,000,  respectively.  As  of  December  31,  2021,  our  ROU  assets  and  lease  liabilities  were 
$337,197,000 and $370,206,000, respectively.

In January 2022, we exercised a 25-year renewal option on our PENN 1 ground lease extending the term through June 2073. As a 
result  of  the  exercise,  we  remeasured  the  related  ground  lease  liability  to  include  our  25-year  extension  option  and  recorded  an 
estimated incremental right-of-use asset and lease liability of approximately $350,000,000 which is included in "right-of-use assets" 
and "lease liabilities", respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. The ground lease is subject to fair market value resets every 25 
years over the lease term, with the next reset occurring in June 2023.

When  the  rate  implicit  in  a  lease  is  not  readily  determinable,  the  discount  rate  applied  to  measure  each  ROU  asset  and  lease 
liability is based on our incremental borrowing rate ("IBR"). We consider the general economic environment and our credit rating and 
factor in various financing and asset specific adjustments to ensure the IBR is appropriate to the intended use of the underlying lease. 
Certain of our ground leases offer renewal options which we assess against relevant economic factors to determine whether we are 
reasonably certain of exercising or not exercising the option. Lease payments associated with renewal periods that we are reasonably 
certain will be exercised are included in the measurement of the lease liability and corresponding ROU asset.

Certain of our ground leases are subject to fair market rent resets based on a percentage of the appraised value of the underlying 
assets at specified future dates. Fair market rent resets occurring during the lease term do not give rise to remeasurement of the related 
ROU assets and lease liabilities. Fair market rent resets occurring during the lease term, which may be material, will be recognized in 
the periods in which they are incurred as variable rent expense.

The following table sets forth information related to the measurement of our lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 

2020:

(Amounts in thousands)

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)

Weighted average discount rate

Cash paid for operating leases

For the Year Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

48.4

 5.54% 

44.4

 4.85% 

44.8

 4.91% 

$ 

21,861 

$ 

22,382 

$ 

23,932 

We recognize rent expense as a component of "operating" expenses on our consolidated statements of income. Rent expense is 
comprised  of  fixed  and  variable  lease  payments.  The  following  table  sets  forth  the  details  of  rent  expense  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

(Amounts in thousands)

Fixed rent expense

Variable rent expense

Rent expense

For the Year Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

$ 

45,211  $ 

14,180 

59,391  $ 

24,901  $ 

13,078 

37,979  $ 

28,503 

1,178 

29,681 

111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

19.  Leases - continued

As lessee - continued

As of December 31, 2022, future lease payments under operating ground leases were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands)

For the year ended December 31,

As of December 31, 2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total undiscounted cash flows

Present value discount

Lease liabilities

$ 

$ 

34,782 

46,859 

47,227 

47,616 

48,027 

1,949,551 

2,174,062 

(1,438,093) 

735,969 

The Farley Building

The future lease payments detailed above exclude the ground and building lease at The Farley Building. The consolidated joint 
venture,  in  which  we  own  a  95%  controlling  interest,  has  a  99-year  triple-net  lease  with  Empire  State  Development  ("ESD")  for 
846,000 rentable square feet of commercial space at the property, comprised of approximately 730,000 square feet of office space and 
approximately 116,000 square feet of restaurant and retail space. Our lease of the commercial space at the property is accounted for as 
a  “failed  sale-leaseback”  as  a  result  of  us  being  deemed  the  "accounting  owner"  during  development  of  the  property  in  accordance 
with ASC 842-40-55 and the lease subsequently meeting "finance lease" classification pursuant to ASC 842-40-25 upon substantial 
completion. The lease calls for annual rent payments and fixed payments in lieu of real estate taxes ("PILOT") through June 2030. 
Following the fixed PILOT payment period, the PILOT is calculated in a manner consistent with buildings subject to New York City 
real estate taxes and assessments. As of December 31, 2022, future rent and fixed PILOT payments are $535,188,000.

20.  Multiemployer Benefit Plans 

Our subsidiaries make contributions to certain multiemployer defined benefit plans (“Multiemployer Pension Plans”) and health 
plans  (“Multiemployer  Health  Plans”)  for  our  union  represented  employees,  pursuant  to  the  respective  collective  bargaining 
agreements.

Multiemployer Pension Plans 

Multiemployer Pension Plans differ from single-employer pension plans in that (i) contributions to multiemployer plans may be 
used  to  provide  benefits  to  employees  of  other  participating  employers  and  (ii)  if  other  participating  employers  fail  to  make  their 
contributions,  each  of  our  participating  subsidiaries  may  be  required  to  bear  its  then  pro  rata  share  of  unfunded  obligations.  If  a 
participating subsidiary withdraws from a plan in which it participates, it may be subject to a withdrawal liability. As of December 31, 
2022, our subsidiaries’ participation in these plans was not significant to our consolidated financial statements.

In  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020,  we  contributed  $7,761,000,  $19,851,000  and  $7,049,000,  respectively, 
towards Multiemployer Pension Plans, which is included as a component of “operating” expenses on our consolidated statements of 
income. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company funded its pension withdrawal liability in relation to the permanent 
closure of Hotel Pennsylvania which resulted in the Company funding more than 5% of total employer contributions to the related 
plan for the year. For our other Multiemployer Pension Plans, our subsidiaries’ contributions did not represent more than 5% of total 
employer contributions for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

Multiemployer Health Plans 

Multiemployer  Health  Plans  in  which  our  subsidiaries  participate  provide  health  benefits  to  eligible  active  and  retired 
employees.  In  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020,  our  subsidiaries  contributed  $26,514,000,  $23,431,000  and 
$26,938,000,  respectively,  towards  these  plans,  which  is  included  as  a  component  of  “operating”  expenses  on  our  consolidated 
statements of income.

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

21.  Commitments and Contingencies

Insurance

For our properties, we maintain general liability insurance with limits of $300,000,000 per occurrence and per property, of which 
$250,000,000  includes  communicable  disease  coverage,  and  we  maintain  all  risk  property  and  rental  value  insurance  with  limits  of 
$2.0 billion per occurrence, with sub-limits for certain perils such as flood and earthquake, excluding communicable disease coverage.  
Our California properties have earthquake insurance with coverage of $350,000,000 per occurrence and in the aggregate, subject to a 
deductible in the amount of 5% of the value of the affected property. We maintain coverage for certified terrorism acts with limits of 
$6.0 billion per occurrence and in the aggregate (as listed below), $1.2 billion for non-certified acts of terrorism, and $5.0 billion per 
occurrence and in the aggregate for terrorism involving nuclear, biological, chemical and radiological (“NBCR”) terrorism events, as 
defined by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, as amended to date and which has been extended through December 2027.

Penn Plaza Insurance Company, LLC (“PPIC”), our wholly owned consolidated subsidiary, acts as a re-insurer with respect to a 
portion of all risk property and rental value insurance and a portion of our earthquake insurance coverage, and as a direct insurer for 
coverage for acts of terrorism including NBCR acts. Coverage for acts of terrorism (excluding NBCR acts) is fully reinsured by third 
party  insurance  companies  and  the  Federal  government  with  no  exposure  to  PPIC.  For  NBCR  acts,  PPIC  is  responsible  for  a 
deductible  of  $1,774,525  and  20%  of  the  balance  of  a  covered  loss  and  the  Federal  government  is  responsible  for  the  remaining 
portion of a covered loss. We are ultimately responsible for any loss incurred by PPIC.

Certain  condominiums  in  which  we  own  an  interest  (including  the  Farley  Condominiums)  maintain  insurance  policies  with 

different per occurrence and aggregate limits than our policies described above.

We  continue  to  monitor  the  state  of  the  insurance  market  and  the  scope  and  costs  of  coverage  for  acts  of  terrorism  and  other 
events.  However,  we  cannot  anticipate  what  coverage  will  be  available  on  commercially  reasonable  terms  in  the  future.  We  are 
responsible for uninsured losses and for deductibles and losses in excess of our insurance coverage, which could be material.

Our  debt  instruments,  consisting  of  mortgage  loans  secured  by  our  properties,  senior  unsecured  notes  and  revolving  credit 
agreements  contain  customary  covenants  requiring  us  to  maintain  insurance.  Although  we  believe  that  we  have  adequate  insurance 
coverage for purposes of these agreements, we may not be able to obtain an equivalent amount of coverage at reasonable costs in the 
future.  Further,  if  lenders  insist  on  greater  coverage  than  we  are  able  to  obtain  it  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  finance  or 
refinance our properties and expand our portfolio. 

Other Commitments and Contingencies 

We are from time to time involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, after consultation 
with legal counsel, the outcome of such matters is not currently expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows. 

Each of our properties has been subjected to varying degrees of environmental assessment at various times. The environmental 
assessments did not reveal any material environmental contamination. However, there can be no assurance that the identification of 
new areas of contamination, changes in the extent or known scope of contamination, the discovery of additional sites, or changes in 
cleanup requirements would not result in significant costs to us. 

In July 2018, we leased 78,000 square feet at 345 Montgomery Street in San Francisco, CA, to a subsidiary of Regus PLC, for an 
initial term of 15 years. The obligations under the lease were guaranteed by Regus PLC in an amount of up to $90,000,000. The tenant 
purported to terminate the lease prior to space delivery. We commenced a suit on October 23, 2019 seeking to enforce the lease and 
the  guaranty.  On  May  11,  2021,  the  court  issued  a  final  statement  of  decision  in  our  favor  and  on  January  31,  2023,  the  Court  of 
Appeal affirmed the lower court’s decision. On October 9, 2020, the successor to Regus PLC filed for bankruptcy in Luxembourg. We 
are  actively  pursuing  claims  relating  to  the  guaranty  against  the  successor  to  Regus  PLC  and  its  parent  in  Luxembourg  and  other 
jurisdictions.

Our mortgage loans are non-recourse to us, except for the mortgage loans secured by 640 Fifth Avenue, 7 West 34th Street and 
435 Seventh Avenue, which we guaranteed and therefore are part of our tax basis. In certain cases we have provided guarantees or 
master  leased  tenant  space.  These  guarantees  and  master  leases  terminate  either  upon  the  satisfaction  of  specified  circumstances  or 
repayment of the underlying loans. In addition, we have guaranteed the rent and payments in lieu of real estate taxes due to ESD, an 
entity of New York State, for The Farley Building. As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate dollar amount of these guarantees and 
master leases is approximately $1,553,000,000. 

113

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

21. Commitments and Contingencies – continued

Other Commitments and Contingencies - continued

As  of  December  31,  2022,  $15,273,000  of  letters  of  credit  were  outstanding  under  one  of  our  unsecured  revolving  credit 
facilities. Our unsecured revolving credit facilities contain financial covenants that require us to maintain minimum interest coverage 
and maximum debt to market capitalization ratios, and provide for higher interest rates in the event of a decline in our ratings below 
Baa3/BBB- (our current ratings). Our unsecured revolving credit facilities also contain customary conditions precedent to borrowing, 
including representations and warranties, and also contain customary events of default that could give rise to accelerated repayment, 
including such items as failure to pay interest or principal. 

Our  95%  consolidated  joint  venture  (5%  is  owned  by  Related  Companies  ("Related"))  is  completing  the  development  of  The 
Farley Building. In connection with the development of the property, the joint venture admitted a historic Tax Credit Investor partner. 
Under  the  terms  of  the  historic  tax  credit  arrangement,  the  joint  venture  is  required  to  comply  with  various  laws,  regulations,  and 
contractual  provisions.  Non-compliance  with  applicable  requirements  could  result  in  projected  tax  benefits  not  being  realized  and, 
therefore,  may  require  a  refund  or  reduction  of  the  Tax  Credit  Investor’s  capital  contributions.  As  of  December  31,  2022,  the  Tax 
Credit  Investor  has  made  $92,400,000  in  capital  contributions.  Vornado  and  Related  have  guaranteed  certain  of  the  joint  venture’s 
obligations to the Tax Credit Investor.

 As investment manager of the Fund we are entitled to an incentive allocation after the limited partners have received a preferred 
return on their invested capital. The incentive allocation is subject to catch-up and clawback provisions. Accordingly, based on the 
December 31, 2022 fair value of the Fund assets, at liquidation we would be required to make a $26,400,000 payment to the limited 
partners, net of amounts owed to us, representing a clawback of previously paid incentive allocations, which would have no income 
statement impact as it was previously accrued.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  expect  to  fund  additional  capital  to  certain  of  our  partially  owned  entities  aggregating 

approximately $10,300,000. 

As of December 31, 2022, we have construction commitments aggregating approximately $409,000,000.

22.  Related Party Transactions 

Alexander’s, Inc.

We own 32.4% of Alexander’s. Steven Roth, the Chairman of Vornado’s Board of Trustee’s and its Chief Executive Officer, is 
also the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Alexander’s. We provide various services to Alexander’s 
in  accordance  with  management,  development  and  leasing  agreements.  These  agreements  are  described  in  Note  5  -  Investments  in 
Partially Owned Entities. 

Interstate Properties (“Interstate”)

Interstate  is  a  general  partnership  in  which  Mr.  Roth  is  the  managing  general  partner.  David  Mandelbaum  and 
Russell B. Wight, Jr., Trustees of Vornado and Directors of Alexander’s, respectively, are Interstate’s two other general partners. As 
of December 31, 2022, Interstate and its partners beneficially owned an aggregate of approximately 7.0% of the common shares of 
beneficial interest of Vornado and 26.0% of Alexander’s common stock. 

We manage and lease the real estate assets of Interstate pursuant to a management agreement for which we receive an annual fee 
equal  to  4%  of  annual  base  rent  and  percentage  rent.  The  management  agreement  has  a  term  of  one  year  and  is  automatically 
renewable unless terminated by either of the parties on 60 days’ notice at the end of the term. We believe, based upon comparable fees 
charged by other real estate companies, that the management agreement terms are consistent with the market. We earned $204,000, 
$203,000,  and  $203,000  of  management  fees  under  the  agreement  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.

Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV

We provide various services to Fifth Avenue and Times Square JV in accordance with management, development, leasing and 
other agreements. These agreements are described in Note 5 - Investments in Partially Owned Entities. Haim Chera, Executive Vice 
President  -  Head  of  Retail,  has  an  investment  in  Crown  Acquisitions  Inc.  and  Crown  Retail  Services  LLC  (collectively,  "Crown"), 
companies  controlled  by  Mr.  Chera's  family.  Crown  has  a  nominal  minority  interest  in  Fifth  Avenue  and  Times  Square  JV. 
Additionally, we have other investments with Crown.

114

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

23.  Segment Information

We operate in two reportable segments, New York and Other, which is based on how we manage our business.

Net operating income ("NOI") at share represents total revenues less operating expenses including our share of partially owned 
entities. NOI at share - cash basis represents NOI at share adjusted to exclude straight-line rental income and expense, amortization of 
acquired below and above market leases, net and other non-cash adjustments. We consider NOI at share - cash basis to be the primary 
non-GAAP financial measure for making decisions and assessing the unlevered performance of our segments as it relates to the total 
return on assets as opposed to the levered return on equity. As properties are bought and sold based on NOI at share - cash basis, we 
utilize this measure to make investment decisions as well as to compare the performance of our assets to that of our peers. NOI at 
share and NOI at share - cash basis should not be considered alternatives to net income or cash flow from operations and may not be 
comparable to similarly titled measures employed by other companies. Asset information by segment is not reported as we do not use 
this measure to assess segment performance or to make resource allocation decisions.

Below is a summary of NOI at share and NOI at share - cash basis by segment for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 

2020.

(Amounts in thousands)

Total revenues
Operating expenses

NOI - consolidated

Deduct: NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Add: NOI from partially owned entities 

NOI at share

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net 

and other

NOI at share - cash basis

(Amounts in thousands)

Total revenues

Operating expenses

NOI - consolidated

Deduct: NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Add: NOI from partially owned entities 

NOI at share

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net 

and other

NOI at share - cash basis

(Amounts in thousands)

Total revenues

Operating expenses

NOI - consolidated

Deduct: NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

Add: NOI from partially owned entities 

NOI at share

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net 

and other

NOI at share - cash basis

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,799,995 
(873,911) 

$ 

1,449,442 
(716,148) 

$ 

926,084 

(70,029) 

305,993 

1,162,048 

733,294 

(45,566) 

293,780 

981,508 

(10,980) 

(18,509) 

$ 

1,151,068 

$ 

962,999 

$ 

350,553 
(157,763) 

192,790 

(24,463) 

12,213 

180,540 

7,529 

188,069 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,589,210 

$ 

1,257,599 

$ 

(797,315) 

791,895 

(69,385) 

310,858 

1,033,368 

(626,386) 

631,213 

(38,980) 

300,721 

892,954 

1,318 

(1,188) 

$ 

1,034,686 

$ 

891,766 

$ 

331,611 

(170,929) 

160,682 

(30,405) 

10,137 

140,414 

2,506 

142,920 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2020

Total

New York

Other

$ 

1,527,951 

$ 

1,221,748 

$ 

(789,066) 

738,885 

(72,801) 

306,495 

972,579 

(640,531) 

581,217 

(43,773) 

296,447 

833,891 

46,246 

36,715 

$ 

1,018,825 

$ 

870,606 

$ 

306,203 

(148,535) 

157,668 

(29,028) 

10,048 

138,688 

9,531 

148,219 

115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

23.  Segment Information - continued

Below is a reconciliation of net (loss) income to NOI at share for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

(Amounts in thousands)

Net (loss) income 

Depreciation and amortization expense

General and administrative expense

Impairment losses, transaction related costs and other

Loss (income) from partially owned entities

(Income) loss from real estate fund investments

Interest and other investment (income) loss, net

Interest and debt expense

Net gains on disposition of wholly owned and partially owned assets

Income tax expense (benefit)

NOI from partially owned entities

NOI attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries

For the Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(382,612) 

$ 

207,553 

$ 

(461,845) 

504,502 

133,731 

31,722 

461,351 

(3,541) 

(19,869) 

279,765 

(100,625) 

21,660 

305,993 

(70,029) 

412,347 

134,545 

13,815 

(130,517) 

(11,066) 

(4,612) 

231,096 

(50,770) 

(10,496) 

310,858 

(69,385) 

399,695 

181,509 

174,027 

329,112 

226,327 

5,499 

229,251 

(381,320) 

36,630 

306,495 

(72,801) 

972,579 

NOI at share

1,162,048 

1,033,368 

Non-cash adjustments for straight-line rents, amortization of acquired below-market leases, net 

and other

NOI at share - cash basis

24.  Subsequent Events

150 West 34th Street Loan Participation

(10,980) 

1,318 

46,246 

$ 

1,151,068 

$ 

1,034,686 

$ 

1,018,825 

On  January  9,  2023,  our  $105,000,000  participation  in  the  $205,000,000  mortgage  loan  on  150  West  34th  Street  was  repaid, 
which reduced “other assets” and “mortgages payable, net” on our consolidated balance sheets by $105,000,000 in the first quarter of 
2023.  The  remaining  $100,000,000  mortgage  loan  balance  bears  interest  at  SOFR  plus  1.86%,  subject  to  an  interest  rate  cap 
arrangement with a SOFR strike rate of 4.10%, and matures in May 2024.

116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

24.  Subsequent Events - continued

350 Park Avenue

On  January  24,  2023,  we  and  the  Rudin  family  (“Rudin”)  completed  agreements  with  Citadel  Enterprise  Americas  LLC 
(“Citadel”) and with an affiliate of Kenneth C. Griffin, Citadel’s Founder and CEO (“KG”), for a series of transactions relating to 350 
Park Avenue and 40 East 52nd Street.

Citadel will master lease 350 Park Avenue, a 585,000 square foot Manhattan office building, on an “as is” basis for ten years, 
with an initial annual net rent of $36,000,000. Per the terms of the lease, no tenant allowance or free rent is being provided. Citadel 
will also master lease Rudin’s adjacent property at 40 East 52nd Street (390,000 square feet). 

In addition, we have entered into a joint venture with Rudin (“Vornado/Rudin”) to purchase 39 East 51st Street for $40,000,000 
and, upon formation of the KG joint venture described below, will combine that property with 350 Park Avenue and 40 East 52nd 
Street to create a premier development site (collectively, the “Site”).

From October 2024 to June 2030, KG will have the option to either:

•

acquire  a  60%  interest  in  a  joint  venture  with  Vornado/Rudin  that  would  value  the  Site  at  $1.2  billion  ($900,000,000  to 
Vornado  and  $300,000,000  to  Rudin)  and  build  a  new  1,700,000  square  foot  office  tower  (the  “Project”)  pursuant  to  East 
Midtown Subdistrict zoning with Vornado/Rudin as developer. KG would own 60% of the joint venture and Vornado/Rudin 
would own 40% (with Vornado owning 36% and Rudin owning 4% of the joint venture along with a $250,000,000 preferred 
equity interest in the Vornado/Rudin joint venture).

◦

◦

◦

at  the  joint  venture  formation,  Citadel  or  its  affiliates  will  execute  a  pre-negotiated  15-year  anchor  lease  with 
renewal options for approximately 850,000 square feet (with expansion and contraction rights) at the Project for its 
primary office in New York City;
the rent for Citadel’s space will be determined by a formula based on a percentage return (that adjusts based on the 
actual cost of capital) on the total Project cost;
the master leases will terminate at the scheduled commencement of demolition;

•

or, exercise an option to purchase the Site for $1.4 billion ($1.085 billion to Vornado and $315,000,000 to Rudin), in which 
case Vornado/Rudin would not participate in the new development.

Further,  Vornado/Rudin  will  have  the  option  from  October  2024  to  September  2030  to  put  the  Site  to  KG  for  $1.2  billion 
($900,000,000  to  Vornado  and  $300,000,000  to  Rudin).  For  ten  years  following  any  put  option  closing,  unless  the  put  option  is 
exercised in response to KG’s request to form the joint venture or KG makes a $200,000,000 termination payment, Vornado/Rudin 
will have the right to invest in a joint venture with KG on the terms described above if KG proceeds with development of the Site.

2023 LTPP

On January 11, 2023, the Compensation Committee approved the 2023 Long-Term Performance Plan (“2023 LTPP”), a multi-
year,  LTIP  units-based  performance  equity  compensation  plan.  Awards  under  the  2023  LTPP  are  bifurcated  between  operational 
performance  (50%)  and  relative  performance  (50%)  measurements  and  may  be  earned  at  specified  threshold,  target  and  maximum 
levels. 

The operational component awards may be earned based on Vornado’s 2023 operational performance in the following categories:

•

•

FFO, as adjusted per share (75% weighting); and 

ESG  performance  metrics  consisting  of  greenhouse  emissions  reductions,  GRESB  score  and  Green  Building  Certification 
(LEED) achievements (aggregate 25% weighting).

Any  LTPP  award  units  tentatively  earned  based  on  Vornado’s  2023  operational  performance  are  subject  to  an  absolute  return 
modifier pursuant to which such award units are subject to a potential reduction (but not increase) of up to 30% if Vornado’s aggregate 
total three-year TSR is below specified levels. 

Awards  under  relative  components  may  be  earned  based  on  Vornado’s  three-year  TSR,  measured  against  the  Dow  Jones  U.S. 
Real  Estate  Office  Index  (50%  weighting)  and  a  Northeast  peer  group  custom  index  (50%  weighting).  Awards  earned  under  the 
relative component of the 2023 LTPP are subject to reductions of up to 30% if Vornado’s three-year TSR is below specified levels.

If the designated performance objectives are achieved, awards earned under 2023 LTPP will vest 50% in January 2026 and 50% 
in January 2027.  In addition, the Chief Executive Officer is required to hold any earned and vested awards for three years following 
each such vesting date and all other award recipients are required to hold such awards for one year following each such vesting date. 
Dividends  on  awards  granted  under  the  2023  LTPP  accrue  during  the  applicable  performance  period  and  are  paid  to  participants  if 
awards are ultimately earned based on the achievement of the designated performance objectives.

117

ITEM 9. 

None.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

ITEM 9A. 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Vornado Realty Trust

Disclosure  Controls  and  Procedures:  Our  management,  with  the  participation  of  Vornado’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief 
Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 (e) 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
Based on such evaluation, Vornado’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such 
period, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year to which 
this  report  relates  that  have  materially  affected,  or  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  our  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of Vornado Realty Trust, together with its consolidated subsidiaries (the “Company”), is responsible for establishing 
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed 
under the supervision of Vornado’s principal executive and principal financial officers to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  our  financial  statements  for  external  reporting  purposes  in  accordance  with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  management  conducted  an  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  based  on  the  framework  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission.  Based  on  this  assessment,  management  has  determined  that  our  internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 was effective.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in 
reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets; provide reasonable assurances that transactions 
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in 
the United States, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and our 
trustees; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of 
our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche 
LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing on the following page, which expresses an 
unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022.

118

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and Board of Trustees
Vornado Realty Trust
New York, New York

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We  have  audited  the  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  of  Vornado  Realty  Trust  and  subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  as  of 
December  31,  2022,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, 
effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2022,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  — 
Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. 

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, of the Company and our report dated 
February 13, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. 

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of 
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control 
over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based 
on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  PCAOB  and  are  required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the 
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. 
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such 
other  procedures  as  we  considered  necessary  in  the  circumstances.  We  believe  that  our  audit  provides  a  reasonable  basis  for  our 
opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the 
maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the 
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect 
on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

New York, New York
February 13, 2023

119

ITEM 9A. 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES - CONTINUED

Vornado Realty L.P.

Disclosure  Controls  and  Procedures:  Vornado  Realty  L.P.’s  management,  with  the  participation  of  Vornado’s  Chief  Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined 
in Rule 13a-15 (e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K. Based on such evaluation, Vornado’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of 
the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year to which 
this  report  relates  that  have  materially  affected,  or  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  our  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  of  Vornado  Realty  Trust,  sole  general  partner  of  Vornado  Realty  L.P.,  together  with  Vornado  Realty  L.P.’s 
consolidated  subsidiaries  (the  “Company”),  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of Vornado’s principal executive 
and principal financial officers to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of 
our  financial  statements  for  external  reporting  purposes  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United 
States of America.

As  of  December  31,  2022,  management  conducted  an  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  based  on  the  framework  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission.  Based  on  this  assessment,  management  has  determined  that  our  internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 was effective.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in 
reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets; provide reasonable assurances that transactions 
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in 
the  United  States,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and 
Vornado’s  trustees;  and  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or 
disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche 
LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing on the following page, which expresses an 
unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022.

120

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Partners
Vornado Realty L.P.
New York, New York

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We  have  audited  the  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  of  Vornado  Realty  L.P.  and  subsidiaries  (the  “Partnership”)  as  of 
December  31,  2022,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Partnership maintained, in all material respects, 
effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2022,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  — 
Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. 

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, of the Partnership and our report 
dated February 13, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. 

Basis for Opinion

The Partnership’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Report  on  Internal 
Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Partnership’s  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities 
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. 
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such 
other  procedures  as  we  considered  necessary  in  the  circumstances.  We  believe  that  our  audit  provides  a  reasonable  basis  for  our 
opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the 
maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the 
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect 
on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

New York, New York
February 13, 2023

121

ITEM 9B. 

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C.  

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 10. 

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information relating to trustees of Vornado, the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner, including its audit committee and 
audit  committee  financial  expert,  will  be  contained  in  Vornado’s  definitive  Proxy  Statement  involving  the  election  of  Vornado’s 
trustees  which  Vornado  will  file  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  pursuant  to  Regulation  14A  under  the  Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934  not  later  than  120  days  after  December  31,  2022,  and  such  information  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference. 
Also incorporated herein by reference is the information under the caption “16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” of the 
Proxy Statement.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The following is a list of the names, ages, principal occupations and positions with Vornado of the executive officers of Vornado 
and the positions held by such officers during the past five years. All executive officers of Vornado have terms of office that run until 
the next succeeding meeting of the Board of Trustees of Vornado following the Annual Meeting of Vornado’s Shareholders unless 
they are removed sooner by Vornado’s Board.

Name

Steven Roth

Age

81

PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION, POSITION AND OFFICE
(Current and during past five years with Vornado unless otherwise stated)

Chairman of the Board; Chief Executive Officer since April 2013 and from May 1989 to May 2009; 
Managing General Partner of Interstate Properties, an owner of shopping centers and an investor in 
securities  and  partnerships;  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Alexander’s,  Inc.  since  March  1995,  a 
Director since 1989, and Chairman of the Board since May 2004.

Michael J. Franco

54

President  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  since  December  2020;  President  since  April  2019;  Executive 
Vice President - Chief Investment Officer from April 2015 to April 2019; Executive Vice President - 
Head of Acquisitions and Capital Markets from November 2010 to April 2015.

Haim Chera

Barry S. Langer

Glen J. Weiss

53

44

53

Executive  Vice  President  -  Head  of  Retail  since  April  2019;  Principal  at  Crown  Acquisitions  from 
January 2000 - April 2019.

Executive Vice President - Development - Co-Head of Real Estate since April 2019; Executive Vice 
President - Head of Development from May 2015 to April 2019. 

Executive Vice President - Office Leasing - Co-Head of Real Estate since April 2019; Executive Vice 
President - Office Leasing from May 2013 to April 2019.

Vornado, the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner, has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all 

officers and employees. This Code is available on Vornado’s website at www.vno.com.

ITEM 11. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information  relating  to  Vornado’s  executive  officer  and  trustee  compensation  will  be  contained  in  Vornado’s  Proxy  Statement 
referred to above in Item 10, “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance,” and such information is incorporated herein 
by reference.

122

ITEM 12.  

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information relating to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters will be 
contained in Vornado’s Proxy Statement referred to in Item 10, “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance,” and such 
information is incorporated herein by reference. 
Equity compensation plan information

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2022 regarding Vornado’s equity compensation plans.

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by security 

holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by 

security holders

Total

Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options, 
warrants and rights

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options, 
warrants and rights

Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance
under equity compensation plans
(excluding securities reflected in 
the second column)

(1)

(3)

6,517,835 

182,067 

6,699,902 

$ 

$ 

65.35 

N/A

65.35 

2,803,063 

(2)

— 

2,803,063 

________________________________________
(1)

Includes shares/units of (i) 176,705 Vornado Stock Options (140,031 of which are vested and exercisable), (ii) 565,664 Appreciation-Only Long-Term Incentive 
Plan ("AO LTIP") units (437,372 of which are vested and exercisable), (iii) 496,762 Performance Conditioned AO LTIP units (409,538 of which are vested and 
exercisable), (iv) 2,969,205 restricted Operating Partnership units (1,983,289 of which are vested and exercisable), (v) 1,932,005 unearned Out-Performance Plan 
units, and (vi) 377,494 unearned Long-Term Performance Plan LTIP Units. See Note 14 - Stock-based Compensation in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for additional information.

Does not include 8,379 shares of Vornado Restricted Stock, as they have been reflected in Vornado's total shares outstanding.

(2) Based on awards being granted as "Full Value Awards," as defined. If we were to grant "Not Full Value Awards," as defined, the number of securities available 

(3)

for future grants is approximately 5,606,000 shares.
Includes (i) 46,503 restricted Operating Partnership units granted at a market price of $33.88 per unit to Vornado Trustees that are not executives of the Company 
as part of their annual Trustee fees and (ii) 135,564 restricted Operating Partnership units granted at a market price of $22.13 per unit to Vornado consultants that 
are not executives of the Company for annual consulting fees.

ITEM 13.  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information relating to certain relationships and related transactions, and director independence will be contained in Vornado’s 
Proxy  Statement  referred  to  in  Item  10,  “Directors,  Executive  Officers  and  Corporate  Governance,”  and  such  information  is 
incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.  

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information relating to principal accountant fees and services will be contained in Vornado’s Proxy Statement referred to in Item 
10, “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance,” under the caption “Ratification of The Appointment of Independent 
Accounting Firm” and such information is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 15.  

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:

PART IV

1. The consolidated financial statements are set forth in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following financial statement schedules should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in Item 8 of this 

Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Schedule III - Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation

Page in this
Annual Report
on Form 10-K
124

Schedules other than those listed above are omitted because they are not applicable or the information required is included in the 

consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

123

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
SCHEDULE III
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
(Amounts in thousands)

COLUMN A

COLUMN B

COLUMN C

COLUMN D

COLUMN E

COLUMN F COLUMN G COLUMN H COLUMN I

Initial cost to company 

Encumbrances(1)

Land

Buildings
and
improvements

Costs
capitalized
subsequent
to acquisition

Gross amount at which
carried at close of period

Buildings
and
improvements

Land

Total(2)

Accumulated
depreciation
and
amortization

Date of
construction(3)

Date
acquired

Life on which
depreciation
in latest
income
statement
is computed

$  518,244  $ 

926,992  $ 

269,875  $  518,244  $ 

1,196,867  $ 1,715,111  $ 

478,343 

New York

Manhattan

1290 Avenue of the Americas

$ 

One Park Avenue

350 Park Avenue

PENN 1

100 West 33rd Street 

150 West 34th Street

PENN 2

90 Park Avenue

770 Broadway

888 Seventh Avenue

PENN 11

909 Third Avenue

150 East 58th Street

595 Madison Avenue

330 West 34th Street

715 Lexington Avenue

4 Union Square South

The Farley Building 

260 Eleventh Avenue

510 Fifth Avenue

606 Broadway

443 Broadway

435 Seventh Avenue

692 Broadway

131-135 West 33rd Street
304 Canal Street

950,000 

525,000 

400,000 

— 

480,000 

205,000 

575,000 

(5)

(6)

— 

700,000 

277,800 

500,000 

350,000 

— 

— 

— 

— 

197,057 

265,889 

— 

331,371 

119,657 

53,615 

8,000 

52,898 

— 

40,333 

— 

39,303 

62,731 

— 

— 

120,000 

24,079 

— 

— 

— 

74,119 

— 

95,696 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

34,602 

45,406 

11,187 

19,893 

6,053 

8,315 
3,511 

369,016 

363,381 

412,169 

361,443 

268,509 

164,903 

175,890 

95,686 

117,269 

85,259 

120,723 

80,216 

62,888 

8,599 

26,903 

55,220 

476,235 

80,482 

18,728 

8,993 

41,186 

19,091 

22,908 

21,312 
12,905 

1963

1926

1960

1972

2,936 

  197,057 

64,619 

  265,889 

371,952 

428,000 

569,009 

693,889 

791,704 

— 

1,203,873 

  1,203,873 

14,868 

170,634 

402,282 

78,034 

  331,371 

— 

  119,657 

544,767 

199,485 

192,597 

170,408 

135,639 

122,641 

62,924 

79,646 

164,628 

20,218 

12,513 

949,500 

6,937 

8,441 

51,715 

(41,283) 

2,166 

(9,677) 

477 
(8,272) 

52,689 

8,000 

52,898 

— 

40,333 

— 

39,303 

62,731 

— 

30,086 

24,079 

— 

— 

35,864 

45,298 

2,370 

19,893 

3,552 

8,315 
1,771 

439,477 

268,509 

710,596 

375,375 

288,283 

287,677 

220,898 

243,364 

143,140 

142,534 

173,227 

17,035 

67,733 

770,848 

388,166 

763,285 

383,375 

341,181 

287,677 

261,231 

243,364 

182,443 

205,265 

173,227 

47,121 

91,812 

1,425,735 

  1,425,735 

87,419 

25,907 

60,816 

8,720 

21,257 

15,732 

21,789 
6,373 

87,419 

61,771 

106,114 

11,090 

41,150 

19,284 

30,104 
8,144 

178,228 

1911/2009

50,905 

108,685 

192,616 

142,018 

155,181 

102,565 

132,201 

75,535 

58,669 

59,405 

1,925 

1900

1968

1964

1907

1980

1923

1969

1969

1968

1925

1923

28,102 

1965/2004

1912

1911

54,042 

16,227 

— 

6,048 

— 

11,803 

2002

— 

3,841 
337 

1910

124

2007

2021

2006

1998

2007

2015

1997

1997

1998

1998

1997

1999

1998

1999

1998

2001

1993

2018

2015

2010

2016

2013

1997

2005

2016
2014

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)
(4)

     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
SCHEDULE III
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION - CONTINUED
(Amounts in thousands)

COLUMN A

COLUMN B

COLUMN C

Initial cost to company

Encumbrances(1)

Land

Buildings
and
improvements

COLUMN 
D

Costs
capitalized
subsequent
to acquisition

COLUMN E

COLUMN F COLUMN G COLUMN H COLUMN I

Gross amount at which
carried at close of period

Buildings
and
improvements

Total(2)

Land

Accumulated
depreciation
and
amortization

Date of
construction(3)

Date
acquired

Life on which
depreciation
in latest
income
statement
is computed

New York - continued

Manhattan - continued

1131 Third Avenue

431 Seventh Avenue

138-142 West 32nd Street

$ 

334 Canal Street

966 Third Avenue

148 Spring Street

150 Spring Street

137 West 33rd Street

825 Seventh Avenue

537 West 26th Street

339 Greenwich Street

Hotel Pennsylvania site

Other (Including Signage)

Total Manhattan

Other Properties

Paramus, New Jersey

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$ 

7,844  $ 

7,844  $ 

5,683  $ 

7,844  $ 

13,527  $ 

21,371  $ 

16,700 

9,252 

1,693 

8,869 

3,200 

3,200 

6,398 

1,483 

10,370 

2,622 

29,903 

  140,477 

2,751 

9,936 

6,507 

3,631 

8,112 

5,822 

1,550 

697 

17,632 

12,333 

121,712 

31,892 

— 

16,700 

2,032 

(1,169) 

— 

408 

327 

— 

3,982 

20,000 

(10,018) 

109,425 

22,106 

9,252 

753 

8,869 

3,200 

3,200 

6,398 

1,483 

26,631 

866 

29,903 

94,787 

2,751 

11,968 

6,278 

3,631 

8,520 

6,149 

1,550 

4,679 

21,371 

4,071 

231,137 

99,688 

19,451 

21,220 

7,031 

12,500 

11,720 

9,349 

7,948 

6,162 

48,002 

4,937 

261,040 

194,475 

3,489 

1,083 

2,181 

409 

847 

3,163 

2,273 

300 

1,064 

3,232 

245 

— 

28,002 

1920

1932

1919

1997

2007

2015

2011

2013

2008

2008

2015

1997

2018

2017

1997

—

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

5,252,615 

  2,084,155 

4,627,325 

4,025,414 

  2,069,286 

8,667,608 

  10,736,894 

2,490,748 

— 

— 

— 

21,224 

1,033 

20,191 

21,224 

16,823 

1967

1987

(4)

Total New York

5,252,615 

  2,084,155 

4,627,325 

4,046,638 

  2,070,319 

8,687,799 

  10,758,118 

2,507,571 

125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
SCHEDULE III
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION - CONTINUED
(Amounts in thousands)

COLUMN A

COLUMN B

COLUMN C

COLUMN D

COLUMN E

COLUMN F COLUMN G COLUMN H COLUMN I

Initial cost to company

Encumbrances(1)

Land

Buildings
and
improvements

Costs
capitalized
subsequent
to acquisition

Gross amount at which
carried at close of period

Buildings
and
improvements

Total(2)

Land

Accumulated
depreciation
and
amortization

Date of
construction(3)

Date
acquired

Life on which
depreciation
in latest
income
statement
is computed

Other

theMART

theMART, Illinois

$ 

—  $  64,528  $ 

319,146  $ 

441,840  $ 

64,535  $ 

760,979  $  825,514  $ 

383,172 

1930

527 West Kinzie, Illinois

Piers 92 and 94, New York

Total theMART

— 

— 

— 

5,166 

— 

69,694 

— 

— 

319,146 

257 

23,838 

465,935 

5,166 

— 

69,701 

257 

23,838 

785,074 

5,423 

23,838 

854,775 

— 

4,339 

387,511 

555 California Street, California

1,200,000 

223,446 

895,379 

269,215 

— 

83,089 

— 

— 

223,446 

83,089 

1,164,594 

1,388,040 

432,128 

— 

83,089 

— 

1922,1969 
-1970

Borgata Land, Atlantic City, NJ
759-771 Madison Avenue (40 East 
66th Street) Residential, New 
York

Annapolis, Maryland

Wayne Towne Center, New Jersey

Other

Total Other

Leasehold improvements, equipment 

and other

— 

— 

— 

— 

8,454 

— 

— 

— 

13,321 

9,652 

26,137 

— 

(8,193) 

5,273 

— 

48,011 

7,962 

— 

— 

— 

8,309 

9,652 

74,148 

7,962 

13,582 

9,652 

74,148 

7,962 

3,321 

4,964 

38,228 

2,103 

1,200,000 

384,683 

1,263,635 

782,930 

381,509 

2,049,739 

2,431,248 

868,255 

— 

— 

— 

125,389 

— 

125,389 

125,389 

95,165 

1998

1998

2008

2007

2010

2005

2005

2010

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(4)

Total December 31, 2022

$ 

6,452,615  $ 2,468,838  $ 

5,890,960  $ 

4,954,957  $ 2,451,828  $  10,862,927  $ 13,314,755  $ 

3,470,991 

________________________________________
(1) Represents contractual debt obligations.
(2) The net basis of Vornado's assets and liabilities for tax reporting purposes is approximately $1.6 billion lower than the amounts reported for financial statement purposes.
(3) Date of original construction - many properties have had substantial renovation or additional construction, see "costs capitalized subsequent to acquisition" column.
(4) Depreciation of the buildings and improvements is calculated over lives ranging from the life of the lease to forty years.
(5) On January 9, 2023, our $105,000 participation in the $205,000 mortgage loan on 150 West 34th Street was repaid.
(6) Secured amount outstanding on revolving credit facilities.

126

VORNADO REALTY TRUST AND VORNADO REALTY L.P.
SCHEDULE III
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
(Amounts in thousands)

The following is a reconciliation of real estate assets and accumulated depreciation:

Real Estate

Balance at beginning of period

Additions during the period:

Land

Buildings & improvements and other

Less: Assets sold, written-off, reclassified to ready for sale and deconsolidated

Balance at end of period

Accumulated Depreciation

Balance at beginning of period

Depreciation expense

Less: Accumulated depreciation on assets sold, written-off and deconsolidated

Balance at end of period

Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

13,217,845  $ 

12,087,943  $ 

13,074,012 

— 

711,722 

13,929,567 

614,812 

197,057 

1,286,474 

13,571,474 

353,629 

1,372 

1,127,593 

14,202,977 

2,115,034 

$ 

13,314,755  $ 

13,217,845  $ 

12,087,943 

$ 

3,376,347  $ 

3,169,446  $ 

3,015,958 

449,864 

3,826,211 

355,220 

362,311 

3,531,757 

155,410 

344,301 

3,360,259 

190,813 

$ 

3,470,991  $ 

3,376,347  $ 

3,169,446 

127

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(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:17)

(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:18)

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V O R N A D O   C O R P O R A T E   I N F O R M A T I O N  

TRUSTEES 

STEVEN ROTH 
Chairman of the Board 

CANDACE K. BEINECKE, Lead Trustee 
Senior Partner of Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP 

MICHAEL D. FASCITELLI 
Owner of MDF Capital LLC and former President 
and Chief Executive Officer of Vornado 

BEATRICE HAMZA BASSEY* 
Group General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer 
and Corporate Secretary, Atlas Mara Ltd. 

WILLIAM W. HELMAN IV 
General Partner, Greylock Partners 

DAVID M. MANDELBAUM 
Partner, Interstate Properties 

RAYMOND J. MCGUIRE 
President, Lazard Ltd. 

MANDAKINI PURI* 
Private Equity Consultant 

DANIEL R. TISCH* 
Managing Member, 
TowerView LLC 

RUSSELL B. WIGHT, JR 
Partner, Interstate Properties 

*Members of the Audit Committee 

DIVISION EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENTS 

DAVID BELLMAN 
Design & Construction 

ELANA BUTLER 
Leasing Counsel 

PAMELA CARUSO 
Leasing Counsel 

MICHAEL DOHERTY 
President – BMS Division 

ROBERT ENTIN 
Chief Information Officer 

RICHARD FAMULARO 
Controller 

CORPORATE OFFICERS 

STEVEN ROTH 
Chairman of the Board 
Chief Executive Officer 

MICHAEL J. FRANCO 
President and Chief Financial Officer 

GLEN J. WEISS 
Executive Vice President – 
Office Leasing and Co-Head of Real Estate  

BARRY S. LANGER 
Executive Vice President – 
Development and Co-Head of Real Estate 

HAIM CHERA  
Executive Vice President – 
Head of Retail 

THOMAS SANELLI 
Executive Vice President – 
Finance and Chief Administrative Officer 

DEIRDRE MADDOCK 
Senior Vice President – 
Chief Accounting Officer 

DAVID R. GREENBAUM  
Vice Chairman 

JOSEPH MACNOW 
Senior Advisor 

FREDERICK HARRIS 
Development 

PAUL HEINEN 
Chief Operating Officer – THE MART 

ED HOGAN 
Retail Leasing – New York Division 

FRANK MAIORANO 
Head of Tax and Compliance 

MICHAEL SCHNITT 
Acquisitions and Capital Markets 

GASTON SILVA 
Chief Operating Officer – New York Division 

JOSHUA GLICK 
Director of PENN DISTRICT Leasing 

LISA VOGEL 
Marketing 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Data 

COMPANY DATA 

EXECUTIVE OFFICES 
888 Seventh Avenue 
New York, New York 10019 

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED 
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 
Deloitte & Touche LLP 
New York, New York 

COUNSEL 
Sullivan & Cromwell LLP 
New York, New York 

TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR 
American Stock Transfer & Trust Co. 
New York, New York 

  MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATIONS 

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial 
Officer provided certifications to the Securities and Exchange 
Commission as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002 and these certifications are included in the Company’s 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2022. In addition, as required by Section 303A.12(a) of the New 
York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Listed Company Manual, on  
May 24, 2022, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer submitted 
to the NYSE the annual CEO certification regarding the 
Company’s compliance with the NYSE’s corporate governance 
listing standards. 

REPORT ON FORM 10-K 
Shareholders may obtain a copy of the Company’s annual report on 
Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
free of charge (except for exhibits), by writing to the Secretary, 
Vornado Realty Trust, 888 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 
10019; or visit the Company’s website at www.vno.com and refer 
to the Company’s SEC filings. 

ANNUAL MEETING 
The annual meeting of shareholders of Vornado Realty Trust, will 
be held virtually, via the internet, at 11:30 AM. New York City 
time on May 18, 2023. 

To attend the virtual 2023 Annual Meeting you will need to access 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/VNO2023 and enter the 16-
digit control number found on your proxy card, voting instruction 
form or Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials. There is 
no physical location for the annual meeting. We encourage you to 
allow ample time for online check-in, which will begin at 11:15 
AM. New York City time. Additional details regarding how to 
participate in the Annual Meeting can be accessed at the 
Company’s website, www.vno.com or at www.proxyvote.com.