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Westport Fuel Systems

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FY2020 Annual Report · Westport Fuel Systems
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Table of Contents 

LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS

2020 BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS

INFORMATION FOR SHAREHOLDERS

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS

FULL YEAR 2020 HIGHLIGHTS

BUSINESS OVERVIEW AND GENERAL DEVELOPMENTS

OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR 2020

SELECTED ANNUAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION

RESULTS FROM OPERATIONS

CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS, RESOURCES & LIQUIDITY

SHARES OUTSTANDING

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES & ESTIMATES

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS & DEVELOPMENTS

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS & PROCEDURES

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS

BUSINESS RISKS & UNCERTAINTIES

AUDITOR REPORTS

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS & COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

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WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  1

2  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  3

4  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Information for Shareholders
Directors and Executive Officers

Committees are as follows:  Audit Committee, Human Resources & Compensation (HRC) Committee; and Nominating & Corporate Governance 
(NCG) Committee.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Information for Shareholders

Daniel (Dan) Hancock
Member Since: July 2017
Residence: Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

Michele Buchignani
Member Since: March 2018
Residence: Vancouver, BC Canada

Brenda Eprile
Member Since: October 2013
Residence: North York, ON Canada

Rita Forst
Member Since: April 2020
Residence: Doersdorf, Germany

Chair, Board of Directors
Chair, HRC Committee
Member, NCG Committee

Chair, NCG Committee
Member, HRC Committee

Chair, Audit Committee
Member, HRC Committee

Member, Audit Committee
Member, HRC Committee

Anthony (Tony) Guglielmin
Member Since: January 2021
Residence: Vancouver, BC Canada

David Johnson
Member Since: January 2019
Residence: Scottsdale, Arizona USA

Karl-Viktor Schaller
Member Since: April 2020
Residence: Munich, Germany

Eileen Wheatman
Member Since: April 2020
Residence: Petaluma, California USA

Member, Audit Committee
Member, NCG Committee

No Committee Membership

Member, Audit Committee
Member, NCG Committee

Member, HRC Committee

NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Richard Orazietti
Chief Financial Officer

James (Jim) Arthurs 
Executive Vice President

Massimiliano Fissore(1) 
Executive Vice President 
Transportation

Bart van Aerle
Vice President Product and 
Business Strategy

Start Date: September 2019
Resides in: Vancouver, BC Canada

Start Date: May 2011
Resides in: Vancouver, BC Canada

Start Date: June 2019
Resides in: Cherasco, Italy

Start Date: December 2014
Resides in: Eindhoven, Netherlands

NOTES:

1.

Effective January 7, 2021, Mr. Fissore retired from the organization.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  5

Information for Shareholders

Corporate Information

STOCK LISTINGS
NASDAQ
Toronto Stock Exchange

Legal Counsel

Bennett Jones LLP, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Auditors

WPRT
WPRT

KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Contact Information
1750 West 75th Avenue, Suite 101, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6P 6G2  |  T 604-718-2000  F 604-718-2001  |  invest@wfsinc.com

Annual General Meeting of Shareholders

VIRTUAL MEETING ACCESS

VOTING AT THE MEETING

 Wednesday May 5th, 2021 at 10:00 am PT / 1:00pm ET

Webcast:
http://services.choruscall.ca/links/westportagm20210505.html
or
Phone: 1-800-319-4610 (Canada/USA)

+1-604-638-5340 (International)

Westport Shareholder Services

Registered Shareholders and Duly Appointed Proxy Holders are 
required to preregister in order to vote telephonically at the 
Meeting.

Pre-Registration Link:
https://tinyurl.com/agmpreregistration 

Registration will remain open until 30 minutes before the meeting

Shareholders with questions about their account-including change of address, lost stock certificates, or receipt of multiple mail-outs and other 
related inquiries-should contact our Transfer Agent and Registrar:

Computershare Trust Company of Canada
510 Burrard Street, 2nd Floor,
Vancouver, BC, Canada V6C 3B9
T 604-661-9400  F 604-661-9401

Westport Fuel Systems Resources

Topics featured can be found on our websites:

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS

INVESTOR RELATIONS

TWITTER

CUMMINS WESTPORT

wfsinc.com
investors.wfsinc.com
twitter.com/westportdotcom
cumminswestport.com

The information on these websites is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report. Financial results, Annual Information Form, news, 
services, and other activities can also be found on the Westport Fuel Systems website, on SEDAR at sedar.com, or at the SEC at www.sec.gov. 

Shareholders  and  other  interested  parties  can  also  sign  up  to  receive  news  updates,  stock  quotes,  events  and  presentations  by  email  at: 
investors.wfsinc.com/resources/investor-email-alerts

6  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Management's Discussion and Analysis

Management's Discussion and Analysis

Basis of Presentation 

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) for Westport Fuel Systems Inc. (“Westport Fuel Systems”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, 
“our”) for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 is intended to assist readers in analyzing our financial results and should be 
read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, including the accompanying notes, for the fiscal year ended December 
31, 2020 ("Annual Financial Statements"). Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting  principles  in  the  United  States  (“U.S.  GAAP”).  The  Company’s  reporting  currency  is  the  United  States  dollar  ("U.S.  dollar").  This 
MD&A is dated as of March 15, 2021.

Additional information relating to Westport Fuel Systems, including our Annual Information Form (“AIF”) and Form 40-F, is available on SEDAR 
at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov. All financial information is reported in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted.

Forward Looking Statements

This  MD&A  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  are  based  on  the  beliefs  of  management  and  reflects  our  current  expectations  as 
contemplated under the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the United States Securities Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking 
statements  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  statements  regarding  the  orders  or  demand  for  our  products  (including  from  our  High  Pressure 
Direct  Injection  ("Westport  HPDI  2.0TM"  or  "HPDI")  supply  agreement  with  Weichai  Westport  Inc.  ("WWI")),  the  timing  for  the  launch  and 
certification  of  WWI's  HPDI  engine,  the  impact  of  COVID-19  on  future  performance,  earnings,  supply  and  demand  for  our  products,  the 
continuation  of  margin  pressure  through  2021,  consumer  confidence  levels,  conversion  of  existing  convertible  debt,  the  recovery  of  our 
revenues  and  the  timing  thereof,  our  investments,  cash  and  capital  requirements,  the  intentions  of  our  partners  and  potential  customers, 
monetization of joint venture intellectual property, the performance of our products, our future market opportunities, our ability to continue 
our business as a going concern and generate sufficient cash flows to fund operations, the availability of funding and funding requirements, our 
future  cash  flows,  including  cash  flows  specific  to  Cummins  Westport  Inc.  ("CWI"),  our  estimates  and  assumptions  used  in  our  accounting 
policies,  our  accruals,  including  warranty  accruals,  our  financial  condition,  the  timing  of  when  we  will  adopt  or  meet  certain  accounting  and 
regulatory standards and the alignment of our business segments. These forward-looking statements are neither promises nor guarantees but 
involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be 
materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed in or implied by these forward-looking 
statements. These risks include risks related to revenue growth, operating results, liquidity, our industry and products, the general economy, 
conditions  of  the  capital  and  debt  markets,  government  or  accounting  policies  and  regulations,  regulatory  investigations,  climate  change 
legislation  or  regulations,  technology  innovations,  as  well  as  other  factors  discussed  below  and  elsewhere  in  this  report,  including  the  risk 
factors contained in the Company’s most recent AIF filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. In addition, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic 
could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this MD&A. The forward-looking statements 
contained in this MD&A are based upon a number of material factors and assumptions which include, without limitation, market acceptance of 
our products, product development delays in contractual commitments, the ability to attract and retain business partners, competition from 
other  technologies,  the  impact  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  conditions  or  events  affecting  cash  flows  or  our  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern,  price  differential  between  compressed  natural  gas,  liquefied  natural  gas,  and  liquefied  petroleum  gas  relative  to  petroleum-based 
fuels,  unforeseen  claims,  exposure  to  factors  beyond  our  control  as  well  as  the  additional  factors  referenced  in  our  AIF.  Readers  should  not 
place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which are pertinent only as of the date they were made.

The  forward-looking  statements  contained  in  this  document  speak  only  as  of  the  date  of  this  MD&A.  Except  as  required  by  applicable 
legislation, Westport Fuel Systems does not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions to these forward-looking statements to 
reflect events or circumstances after this MD&A, including the occurrence of unanticipated events. The forward-looking statements contained 
in this MD&A are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  7

Management's Discussion and Analysis  | Full Year 2020 Highlights

Full Year 2020 Highlights

•

Revenues of $252.5 million, down 17% compared to 2019 due to the COVID-19 pandemic's effect on customer demand, partially offset 
by significant growth in HPDI sales volumes, which nearly doubled over 2019

• Net loss of $7.4 million and net loss per share of $0.05

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

$14.7 million adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA", see "Non-GAAP Measures" 
section in this MD&A)

Strengthened balance sheet, improved overall liquidity, and reduced cost of capital

At-the-Market equity offering raised $27.6 million, of which $13.2 million was raised following the close of the current quarter

Joint venture with Weichai Power secured certification for WP12 natural gas engine powered by HPDITM 2.0 in China

Combined businesses with UNO MINDA, JV in India to better serve a growing market through cost efficiencies and greater product 
choice

Published  inaugural  Environment,  Social  and  Governance  ("ESG")  report,  highlighting  our  commitment  to  ongoing  ESG  performance 
improvements, and responsible corporate citizenship

Announced  new  product  development  work  with  current  OEM  partner  to  apply  HPDITM  2.0  to  an  updated  base  engine  platform 
designed to meet Euro VI Step E emission regulations that take effect in 2024

• New development commenced on Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine ("ICE") technology

Business Overview and General Developments 

Westport Fuel Systems is focused on engineering, manufacturing, and supplying alternative fuel systems and components for transportation 
vehicles.  Our  diverse  product  offering  sold  under  a  wide  range  of  established  brands  enables  the  deployment  of  a  range  of  alternative  fuels 
offering both environmental and economic advantages, including liquid petroleum gas ("LPG"), compressed natural gas ("CNG"), liquid natural 
gas ("LNG"), renewable natural gas ("RNG"), and hydrogen (together known as "gaseous fuels"). We supply our products and services through a 
network of distributors, directly to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") and to supplier OEMs and we provide delayed OEM ("DOEM") 
services. In total, we have customers in more than 70 countries. Today, our products and services are available for passenger car, light, medium 
and heavy-duty truck, cryogenic, and hydrogen applications.

The majority of our revenues are generated through the following businesses:

•

Independent aftermarket (“IAM”): We sell systems and components across a wide range of brands, primarily through a global network of 
distributors that consumers can purchase and have installed onto their vehicles to use LPG or CNG fuels, in addition to gasoline.

• DOEM: We directly or indirectly convert new passenger cars for OEMs or importers, to address local market needs when a global LPG or 

CNG bi-fuel vehicle platform is not available directly from the OEM.

•

Light-duty OEM: We sell systems and components to OEMs that are used to manufacture new, direct off the assembly line LPG or CNG-
fueled vehicles.

• Heavy-duty OEM: We sell systems and components, including HPDI products, to engine OEMs and commercial vehicle OEMs. Our fully 
integrated  Westport  HPDI  2.0TM  system,  powered  primarily  by  LNG,  matches  the  power,  torque,  and  fuel  economy  benefits  found  in 
traditional compression ignition engines using only diesel fuel, resulting in reduced greenhouse gas emissions and the capability to cost-
effectively run on renewable fuels.

•

Electronics: We design, industrialize and assemble electronic control modules.

• Hydrogen:  We  design,  develop,  produce  and  sell  hydrogen  components  for  transportation  and  industrial  applications.  Also,  we  are 
adapting our HPDI system to use hydrogen or hydrogen/natural gas blends in internal combustion engines. This segment of our business 
saw substantial growth in 2020.

8  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Business Overview and General Developments

HPDI

Our HPDI business is still in the early stages of commercialization. Meaningful increases in sales volumes are required for the HPDI business to 
benefit from economies of scale. Sales volumes with our initial launch partner have grown in spite of COVID-19, and we anticipate additional 
growth  from  our  supply  arrangement  with  WWI,  as  well  as  additional  OEMs  entering  into  supply  agreements  for  our  HPDI  technology. 
Production  capacity  of  the  LNG  assembled  tank  for  HPDI  application  was  doubled  in  2020  in  order  to  accommodate  expected  ramp-up 
volumes. In the third quarter of 2020, WWI's HPDI engine was certified to meet China VI emissions standards of the Ministry of Ecology and 
Environment  ("MEE")  of  the  People's  Republic  of  China,  which  is  an  important  step  in  the  commercialization  of  the  HPDI  technology  in  the 
Chinese  market.  WWI  has  committed  to  purchase  Westport  HPDI  2.0TM  components  required  to  produce  a  minimum  of  18,000  engines 
between the launch date and the end of 2023. The next significant milestone in commercializing the HPDI technology into the Chinese market 
is from an OEM vehicle certification operating with a WWI HPDI engine. We intend to allocate funds raised from recent financing actions to 
fund the additional development of HPDI technology and for capital investment to meet growing HPDI demand.

Gross  margin  and  gross  margin  percentage  from  our  HPDI  product  will  vary  based  on  production  and  sales  volumes,  levels  of  development 
work,  successful  implementation  of  material  cost-reduction  initiatives,  and  foreign  exchange  rates.  Margin  pressure  is  expected  to  continue 
through 2021 as launch costs and price discounts are only partially offset by cost reductions of materials due to higher volumes. 

Westport  Fuel  Systems  also  generates  income  from  CWI,  our  50:50  joint  venture  with  Cummins,  Inc.  ("Cummins"),  by  selling  spark-ignited 
natural  gas  engines.  The  joint  venture  term  is  scheduled  to  end  on  December  31,  2021.  Refer  to  the  "Operating  Segments"  section  of  this 
MD&A for more detail.

Impact of COVID-19 on our Business

The COVID-19 pandemic had an adverse impact on our business in 2020. The extent, duration and impact of COVID-19 is uncertain, however 
in  the  second  half  of  2020,  we  saw  a  notable  recovery  in  our  business  compared  to  the  first  half  of  the  year.  Sales  and  customer  demand 
rebounded in all geographies compared to first half of 2020. Our Brescia, Italy facility was closed from March 16, 2020 through May 4, 2020. 
This  facility  produces  components  in  the  light-duty  OEM  business  and  assembles  LNG  tank  systems  for  the  heavy-duty  OEM  business.  Our 
Cherasco and Albinea Italian facilities were closed from March 22, 2020 through May 4, 2020. These facilities produce components and kits in 
the IAM, DOEM, electronics and OEM businesses.

In  addition  to  our  production  facilities,  our  initial  HPDI  launch  partner  temporarily  closed  its  facilities  in  mid-March  in  response  to  safety 
concerns and government restrictions arising from the spread of COVID-19. Our launch partner reopened its production facilities in late April 
and has since exceeded pre-COVID-19 sales volume levels for the HPDI product in the second half of 2020.

Our light-duty OEM and DOEM businesses are dependent on new vehicle sales with gaseous fuel systems. Sales revenue in these businesses 
declined significantly during the second quarter of 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but revenue increased in the second half 
of 2020, albeit to levels still below the comparative period in the prior year as our business continues to recover. While revenue from these 
businesses  recovered  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020,  the  rise  in  COVID-19  cases  and  recent  new  virus  variants  may  reduce  customer 
demand for their products.

Our heavy-duty business was less impacted than the IAM and light-duty OEM businesses due to on-going need for freight transportation and 
the growing demand for more climate-friendly vehicles in markets with favourable fuel price economics. Demand for essential goods remains 
and consumer delivery of these goods has increased, resulting in stable demand for medium and heavy-duty trucks.

We  are  closely  monitoring  and  making  efforts  to  mitigate  the  impact  of  COVID-19  on  our  business.  We  have  significant  operations  in  Italy 
where there has been many cases of COVID-19. We also source components from China. At this time, management does not see a material 
impact to its business, however, the situation is evolving and could become material if the supply chain disruption is prolonged or end-customer 
demand declines.

In  response  to  the  pandemic,  we  undertook  numerous  financing  actions  and  implemented  multiple  austerity  measures,  including  actions  to 
reduce costs, such as salary and other compensation deferrals and reductions, and delaying non-critical projects and capital expenditures to 
secure liquidity and improve our ability to fund our operations. We also worked closely with our key lenders to strengthen our liquidity and 
have made significant progress to reduce our cost of capital through the following measures:

• On March 25, 2020, we secured $6.0 million in principal deferrals on our term loan from Export Development Canada ("EDC");

• On  May  20,  2020,  we  secured  a  €5.0  million  government  backed  term  loan  from  UniCredit  S.p.A.  ("UniCredit")  to  our  Emer  S.p.A. 

("Emer") subsidiary;

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  9

Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Business Overview and General Developments

• On July 17, 2020, we secured a €15.0 million government backed term loan from UniCredit to our MTM S.r.l. ("MTM") subsidiary;

• On July 23, 2020, we secured a $10.0 million bridge loan secured from EDC at a 6.25% interest rate;

• On  July  24,  2020,  we  announced  the  refinancing  of  our  convertible  notes  held  by  funds  affiliated  with  Cartesian  Capital  Group 
("Cartesian"). Under the terms of the agreement with Cartesian, we agreed to pay down the principal amount of the existing convertible 
notes from $17.5 million to $10.0 million. Concurrent with such repayment, the maturity of the remaining amended notes was extended 
to three years from the date of the amendments, the coupon rate was reduced from 9.0% annually to 6.5% annually, and the conversion 
price was revised from $2.17 per share to $1.42 per share;

• On August 11, 2020, we secured a €7.0 million government backed term loan from Deutsche Bank to our Emer subsidiary;

• On  November  4,  2020,  we  amended  the  terms  of  our  revolving  financing  facility  with  HSBC  Bank  Canada  ("HSBC")  to  increase  the 

maximum draw amount from $10.0 million to $20.0 million;

•

•

Conversion of a total of $5.0 million convertible debt with Cartesian into common shares as of December 31, 2020; and

Issuance of $14.4 million gross proceeds in common shares from treasury to the public as of December 31, 2020 through the at-the-
market equity offering program (the "ATM Program") launched in November 2020.

We are also participating in government wage-subsidy and other support programs in the countries where we operate. We have received $6.1 
million in the year ended December 31, 2020 related to these programs.

Liquidity to fund ongoing operations and growth opportunities is further discussed in the "Liquidity and Going Concern" section in the MD&A 
below. Refer to notes 13, 14(a), 14(b), and 17 in our consolidated financial statements for more details.

Overview of Financial Results for 2020

Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 decreased 17%, to $252.5 million, compared to the prior year, as a result of the impact on 
customer demand from COVID-19, partially offset by the significant growth in our HPDI sales volumes from our initial launch partner. Revenue 
was most significantly impacted by the pandemic during the second quarter of 2020, with a $46.4 million reduction in revenue representing 
88%  of  the  full  year  decline,  due  to  the  facilities  shutdowns  discussed  above.    During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020,  our  heavy-duty  business 
recovered as sales volumes of HPDI increased. Lower revenue was partially mitigated by a 2% foreign exchange rate gain of the Euro relative to 
U.S. dollars compared to 2019. The majority of our sales are denominated in Euros.

A net loss of $7.4 million was recorded for the year compared to net income of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Earnings 
declined by $7.6 million largely as a result of lower sales caused by the impact on demand from COVID-19, as discussed above, a $2.4 million 
warranty  charge  related  to  a  field  service  campaign,  net  of  insurance  recoveries  (see  the  "Gross  Margin"  section  of  this  MD&A),  and  a  $2.7 
million decrease in earnings from our CWI joint venture, partially offset by lower operating expenses, $6.1 million in government-sponsored 
wage subsidies and a higher foreign exchange gain in the current year. The prior year results also included a $3.3 million gain recorded on the 
forgiveness of government funding of HPDI.

Notwithstanding  the  challenges  of  COVID-19,  we  generated  $14.7  million  adjusted  EBITDA  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020, 
compared to $28.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is primarily due to lower gross margin during the current year 
and the net warranty charge previously mentioned, partially offset by lower operating expenses.

Liquidity and Going Concern

In  connection  with  preparing  consolidated  financial  statements  for  each  annual  and  interim  reporting  period,  we  are  required  to  evaluate 
whether there are conditions or events, considered in aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern 
within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Substantial doubt exists when conditions and events, considered in the 
aggregate, indicate that it is probable that a company will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date 
that the consolidated financial statements are issued. This evaluation initially does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of 
management’s plans and actions that have not been fully implemented as of the date that the financial statements are issued. When substantial 
doubt  exists,  management  evaluates  whether  the  mitigating  effect  of  its  plans  sufficiently  alleviates  substantial  doubt  about  its  ability  to 
continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both: (1) it is probable that the plans 
will  be  effectively  implemented  within  one  year  after  the  date  that  the  financial  statements  are  issued;  and  (2)  it  is  probable  that  the  plans, 
when  implemented,  will  mitigate  the  relevant  conditions  or  events  that  raise  substantial  doubt  about  the  company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a 

10  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Overview of Financial Results for 2020

going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Generally, to be considered probable of being effectively 
implemented, the plans must have been approved before the date that the financial statements are issued.

Management's  evaluation  has  concluded  that  there  are  no  known  or  currently  foreseeable  conditions  or  events  that  raise  substantial  doubt 
about  our  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  within  one  year  after  the  date  these  consolidated  financial  statements  are  issued.  These 
consolidated financial statements have therefore been prepared on the basis that we will continue as a going concern.

At  December  31,  2020,  our  net  working  capital  was  $70.9  million,  including  cash  and  cash  equivalents  (including  restricted  cash)  of  $64.3 
million. We have another $2.2 million in restricted cash pledged to the repayment of the debt we hold in our Italian subsidiaries recorded in 
other  long-term  assets.  Our  short-term  and  long-term  debt,  including  the  royalty  payable,  was  $101.4  million,  of  which  $39.7  million  of  this 
debt  matures  in  2021  and  $7.5  million  of  the  royalty  payable  is  due  in  2021.  We  incurred  loss  of  $7.4  million  and  negative  cash  flows  from 
operations of $35.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2020.

As part of our ongoing monitoring of Westport Fuel Systems' financial condition, we are evaluating foreseeable future cash flows from the CWI 
joint venture investment, as the joint venture term is scheduled to end on December 31, 2021. The joint venture pays significant dividends to 
the joint venture partners; we received $20.8 million as dividends in 2020. As per the joint venture agreement, both Cummins and Westport 
Fuel Systems have equal rights to the joint venture's intellectual property. However, there is no certainty that we will be able to monetize the 
intellectual property to the level of the current dividends received from the joint venture. See note 7(a) for additional details relates to the CWI 
joint venture.

Management's Conclusion and Assessment

We believe that the cash on hand at December 31, 2020 and the continued recovery in operational performance, coupled with the additional 
sources of capital already obtained, as noted above, will provide the cash flow necessary to fund operations over the next year to March, 2022. 
The ability to continue as a going concern beyond March, 2022, will be dependent on our ability to generate sufficient positive cash flows from 
operations, the successful conversion of or refinancing of the convertible debt, effective management of the CWI joint venture transition and 
our ability to finance our long-term strategic objectives and operations (specifically the growth of the HPDI business). If, as a result of future 
events, we were to determine that we were no longer able to continue as a going concern, significant adjustments would be required to the 
carrying value of assets and liabilities in the accompanying, consolidated financial statements and the  adjustments could be material.

Selected Annual Financial Information

Selected Consolidated Statements of Operations Data

The following table sets forth a summary of our financial results:

SELECT CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and shares outstanding)

Revenue

Gross margin

Gross margin %

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) per share from continuing operations - basic and diluted

Net income (loss) per share from discontinued operations - basic and diluted

Weighted average basic shares outstanding (millions)

Weighted average diluted shares outstanding (millions)

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Years ended Dec 31
2019

2020

252.5 

39.5 

$ 

$ 

305.3 

68.2 

$ 

$ 

2018

270.3 

64.2 

 16  %

 22  %

 24  %

(7.4)  $ 

0.2 

$ 

(40.8) 

— 

$ 

(0.1)  $ 

(7.4)  $ 

(0.05)  $ 

0.00 

$ 

137.1 

137.1 

$ 

$ 

$ 

— 

0.00 

0.00 

134.2 

144.1 

9.3 

(31.5) 

(0.31) 

0.07 

132.4 

143.1 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  11

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Selected Annual Financial Information

SELECT CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and shares outstanding)

Revenue

Gross margin

Gross margin %

Net income

Net income per share - basic and diluted

Weighted average basic shares outstanding (millions)

Weighted average diluted shares outstanding (millions)

Selected Balance Sheet Data

The following table sets forth a summary of our financial position:

SELECTED BALANCE SHEET DATA

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
Cash and cash equivalents
Net working capital1
Total assets

Short-term debt

Long-term debt, including current portion

Royalty payable, including current portion
Non-current liabilities2
Total liabilities

Shareholder's equity

Three months ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

83.9 

13.0 

 15  %

4.1 

0.03 

138.5 

143.5 

74.3 

13.8 

 19  %

0.7 

0.00 

136.1 

145.9 

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

2018

$ 

64.3  $ 

46.0  $ 

53.8 

346.3 

23.4 

62.0 

16.0 

40.9 

242.2 

104.1 

27.1 

279.9 

3.6 

45.3 

18.3 

28.3 

190.6 

89.4 

61.1 

19.7 

269.9 

— 

55.3 

21.0 

14.8 

179.3 

90.7 

1.

2.

Excluding cash and short-term investments, short-term debt, the current portion of long-term debt and the current portion of the royalty payable

Excluding long-term debt and the royalty payable

Results from Operations

Operating Segments

Effective January 2020, we modified the reporting of business segments to allow for increased transparency into our customer channels and 
the respective products we sell to those customers. Accordingly, from that date, all product information and other technology related activities 
previously  reported  under  the  Transportation  segment  have  been  disaggregated  into  two  segments,  OEM  and  IAM.  All  comparative  figures 
presented  have  been  revised  to  reflect  this  change.  Under  this  organizational  structure,  we  manage  and  report  the  results  of  our  business 
through four segments: OEM, IAM, the CWI Joint Venture, and Corporate. This change reflects the way operating decisions and the assessment 
of business performance is currently managed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"). The financial information for the business 
segments evaluated by the CODM includes the results of CWI as if they were consolidated, which is consistent with the way we manage our 
business segments.

OEM BUSINESS SEGMENT
Our OEM segment designs, manufactures, and sells alternative fuel systems, components and electronics, including the Westport HPDI 2.0TM 
product  and  related  engineering  services,  to  OEMs  and  to  supplier  OEMs.  Our  diverse  product  offerings  are  sold  under  established  global 
brands and utilize a broad range of alternative fuels, which have numerous environmental and economic advantages including: LPG, CNG, LNG, 
RNG,  and  hydrogen.  The  OEM  business  segment's  products  and  services  are  available  for  passenger  cars,  light-,  medium-  and  heavy-duty 
trucks, cryogenics, and hydrogen applications. The OEM group includes the light-duty and heavy-duty OEM product lines and the DOEM and 
electronic businesses, as previously described.

12  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Results from Operations

IAM BUSINESS SEGMENT

Our IAM segment designs, manufactures, and sells alternative fuel systems and components that consumers can purchase and have installed 
onto  their  vehicles  to  use  LPG  or  CNG  fuels  in  addition  to  gasoline.  Distribution  of  such  products  is  realized  through  a  comprehensive 
distribution network (in more than 70 countries) selling our products to the workshops that are responsible for conversion, maintenance and 
service.

CWI JOINT VENTURE 
CWI serves the medium and heavy-duty engine markets. CWI engines are offered by many OEMs for use in transit, school and shuttle buses, 
conventional trucks and tractors, and refuse collection trucks, as well as specialty vehicles such as short-haul port drayage trucks and street 
sweepers. CWI is the leading supplier of natural gas engines to the North American medium and heavy-duty truck and transit bus industries. 
The purpose of the joint venture is to engage in the business of developing, marketing and selling spark-ignited natural gas or propane engines 
for on-highway use. CWI utilizes Cummins' supply chain, back office systems and distribution and sales networks. All CWI natural gas engines 
are dedicated 100% natural gas engines. The fuel for CWI engines can be carried in tanks on the vehicle as CNG or LNG. All engines are also 
capable of operating on RNG. CWI is a Delaware corporation owned 50% by Westport Power Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Westport Fuel 
Systems, and 50% by Cummins. The board of directors of CWI is comprised of three representatives from each of Westport Fuel Systems and 
Cummins.  On  February  19,  2012,  Westport  Fuel  Systems,  Cummins  and  CWI  entered  into  a  Second  Amended  and  Restated  Joint  Venture 
Agreement governing the operations of CWI, which amended the focus of CWI's future product development investments to North American 
markets, including engines for on-road applications between the displacement range of 5.9 litres through 12 litres, and to have these engines 
manufactured in Cummins' North American plants.

The joint venture term is scheduled to end on December 31, 2021.

CORPORATE BUSINESS SEGMENT
The  Corporate  business  segment  is  responsible  for  public  company  activities,  corporate  oversight,  financing,  capital  allocation  and  general 
administrative duties, such as securing our intellectual property.

The 2019 comparative figures have been revised to reflect the change in business segments.

Revenue

Total consolidated revenues from operations for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $83.9 million and $252.5 million, 
respectively, compared to $74.3 million and $305.3 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively.

OEM revenue for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 was $58.8 million and $149.6 million, compared with $44.7 million and 
$164.7  million  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  an  increase  of  $14.1  million  and  decrease  of  $15.1  million, 
respectively. Revenue growth in the current quarter largely reflected an increase in sales volumes in the heavy-duty OEM business from our 
initial launch partner combined with a 7% increase in the Euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate, partially offset by the price reduction of our HPDI 
product. The decrease in OEM revenue during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 is mainly 
due to the impact of plant shutdowns in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of the year, combined with lower light-duty OEM 
sales to German and Russian OEMs.

IAM revenue for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 was $25.1 million and $102.9 million, compared with $29.6 million and 
$140.6 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. Revenue for the IAM business segment decreased by 
$4.5 million and $37.7 million, respectively, primarily due to the continuing impact of COVID-19 on customer demand in Western Europe and 
the related shutdowns in the second quarter of 2020, partially offset by the stronger Euro to U.S. dollar during 2020.

REVENUE

Three months ended 
December 31

Change

Years ended
 December 31

Change

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
OEM
IAM

Total revenue

2020

2019

$

%

2020

2019

$

%

$ 
$ 

$ 

58.8 
25.1  $ 

83.9  $ 

44.7 
29.6  $ 

74.3  $ 

14.1 
(4.5) 

9.6 

 32  %  
 (15) % $ 

149.6 
102.9  $ 

164.7 
140.6  $ 

 13  % $ 

252.5  $ 

305.3  $ 

(15.1) 
(37.7) 

(52.8) 

 (9) %
 (27) %

 (17) %

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  13

 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Results from Operations

Gross Margin for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2020

Total consolidated gross margin for the three months ended December 31, 2020 decreased by $0.8 million, or 6%, from $13.8 million in 2019, 
to $13.0 million for the same period in 2020.

OEM gross margin increased by $1.3 million to $6.6 million, or 11% of revenue, for the three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to 
$5.3  million,  or  12%  of  revenue,  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019.  The  current  quarter  gross  margin  benefited  from  volume 
discounts from HPDI component suppliers achieved at the end of the year and recognized during the quarter. 

IAM gross margin decreased by $2.1 million to $6.4 million, or 25% of revenue, for the three months ended December 31, 2020 compared to 
$8.5 million, or 29% of revenue, for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in gross margin and gross margin percentage 
was due to lower sales caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on customer demand in higher-margin markets of Western Europe.

REVENUE

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
OEM
IAM
Total gross margin

Three months ended Dec 31

Change

2020
$  6.6 
6.4

$  13.0 

% of revenue

2019
 11  % $  5.3 
8.5 
25%  

% of revenue

$

 12  % $  1.3 
(2.1) 
29%  

%
 25  %
 (25) %

 15  % $  13.8 

 19  % $  (0.8) 

 (6) %

Gross Margin for the Year Ended December 31, 2020
Total consolidated gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2020 decreased by $28.7 million, or 42%, from $68.2 million in 2019 to $39.5 
million for the same period in 2020.

OEM gross margin decreased by $17.4 million to $12.3 million, or 8% of revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $29.7 
million, or 18% of revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The gross margin recorded in the current year period was impacted by lower 
sales, a net warranty charge of $2.4 million related to the field service campaign of the pressure relief device for light-duty OEM vehicles, a 
higher  percentage  of  lower  margin  HPDI  products  sold,  contractual  HPDI  price  reductions  and  a  lower  proportion  of  high-margin  service 
revenue.

IAM gross margin decreased by $11.3 million to $27.2 million, or 26% of revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $38.5 
million, or 27% of revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in gross margin is mainly due to the 29% decrease in sales 
caused by the factory shutdowns and lower sales volume due to the impact of COVID-19 during the year.

REVENUE

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
OEM
IAM
Total gross margin

Years ended Dec 31

Change

2020
$  12.3 
27.2

$  39.5 

% of revenue

2019
 8  % $  29.7 
26%   38.5 

% of revenue

$

 18  % $ (17.4) 
27%   (11.3) 

%
 (59) %
 (29) %

 16  % $  68.2 

 22  % $ (28.7) 

 (42) %

Research and Development Expenses

OEM R&D expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $4.9 million and $16.4 million, compared to $4.0 million 
and $17.9 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The decrease in R&D expenses of $1.5 million during 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  is  primarily  due  to  certain  HPDI  projects  being  paused  due  to  factory  shutdowns,  lower  compensation 
expenses in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and government wage subsidies received during 2020.

IAM R&D expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $1.4 million and $4.2 million, compared to $2.0 million and 
$6.9 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The decrease in R&D expenses of $2.7 million during the 
year  ended  December  31,  2020  is  primarily  due  to  lower  compensation  expense  from  austerity  measures  in  response  to  the  COVID-19 
pandemic in Italy, government wage subsidies received and the completion of certain R&D projects in 2019.

Corporate R&D expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $0.4 million compared to $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 
2019.  Corporate  R&D  expenses  relate  to  costs  associated  with  protecting  the  Company's  intellectual  property;  in  particular,  the  costs 
associated with patenting our innovations and registering our trademarks and maintaining our patent and trademark portfolios.

14  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Results from Operations

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
OEM
IAM
Corporate
Total R&D

Three months ended 
December 31

Change

Years ended December 
31

Change

2020

2019

$

%

2020

2019

$

%

$ 

$ 

4.9  $ 
1.4 
0.1 

6.4  $ 

4.0  $ 
2.0 
(0.1)   

5.9  $ 

0.9 
(0.6) 
0.2 

0.5 

 23  % $ 
 (30) %  
 (200) %  

 8  % $ 

16.4  $ 
4.2 
0.4 

21.0  $ 

17.9  $ 
6.9 
0.4 

25.2  $ 

(1.5) 
(2.7) 
— 

(4.2) 

 (8) %
 (39) %
 —  %

 (17) %

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

OEM SG&A expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $3.8 million and $13.4 million, compared to $7.0 million 
and $20.2 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The decreases of $3.2 million and $6.8 million for the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2020, respectively, are mainly due to lower compensation expenses in response to the COVID-19 
pandemic and $0.5 million in government wage subsidies received.

IAM SG&A expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $3.0 million and $13.6 million, compared to $3.1 million 
and  $16.4  million  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  respectively.  The  decrease  of  $2.8  million  for  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2020  is  mainly  due  to  lower  compensation  expenses  in  response  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  $0.5  million  in  government 
wage subsidies received.

Corporate  SG&A  expenses  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2020  were  $4.2  million  and  $11.1  million  compared  to  $3.8 
million and $21.1 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The decrease of $10.0 million during the year 
ended December 31, 2020 is reflective of our continuous efforts to optimize our cost structure and austerity measures. We also accessed $0.4 
million  in  government  COVID-19  relief  wage  subsidies.  In  addition,  2020  reflects  a  $6.3  million  reduction  in  legal  fees  related  to  the  SEC 
investigation that settled in the third quarter of 2019 and a $1.0 million gain related to a reversal of a reserve for a legal matter which settled in 
May 2020.

SALES AND MARKETING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

Three months ended 
December 31

Change

Years ended December 
31

Change

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
OEM
IAM
Corporate

Total SG&A

2020

2019

$

%

2020

2019

$

%

$ 

3.8  $ 
3.0
4.2 

7.0  $ 
3.1  
3.8 

$ 

11.0  $ 

13.9  $ 

(3.2) 
(0.1) 
0.4 

(2.9) 

 (46) % $ 
 (3) %  
 11  %  

 (21) % $ 

13.4  $ 
13.6 
11.1 

38.1  $ 

20.2  $ 
16.4 
21.1 

57.7  $ 

(6.8) 
(2.8) 
(10.0) 

(19.6) 

 (34) %
 (17) %
 (47) %

 (34) %

Selected CWI Statements of Operations Data

We account for CWI using the equity method of accounting. However, due to its significance to our operating results, we disclose CWI's assets, 
liabilities and income statement in notes 7(a) and 21 of our consolidated Annual Financial Statements and discuss revenue and gross margins in 
this MD&A. The following tables sets forth a summary of the financial results of CWI for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, and 
three months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

SELECT CWI STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)

Unit sales

Total revenue

Gross margin

Gross margin %

Net income before income taxes

Net income attributable to the Company

Years ended Dec 31
2019
2020

7,065 

323.5 

87.3 

 27  %

62.0 

23.8 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

7,883 

361.8 

104.1 

 29  %

70.8 

26.6 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Results from Operations

SELECT CWI STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)

Unit sales

Total revenue

Gross margin

Gross margin %

Net income before income taxes

Net income attributable to the Company

CWI Revenue

Three months ended Dec 31

2020

2019

2,288 

96.0 

28.5 

 30  %

24.5 

9.4 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2,407 

102.5 

28.3 

 28  %

20.6 

6.7 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

CWI revenue for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 was $96.0 million and $323.5 million, compared to $102.5 million and 
$361.8  million  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  respectively.  Unit  sales  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended 
December  31,  2020  were  2,288  and  7,065,  compared  to  2,407  and  7,883  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2019, 
respectively. Unit sales were lower during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the prior year reflecting the impact of OEM factory 
shutdowns in April and May in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Parts revenue decreased to $25.1 million and $104.3 million in the three 
months and year ended December 31, 2020, respectively, from $27.8 million and $115.3 million in the three months and year ended December 
31, 2019.

REVENUE

(expressed in millions of U.S. 

dollars)

CWI

3 months ended Dec 31

Change

Years ended Dec 31

Change

2020

2019

$

%

2020

2019

$

%

$ 

96.0  $ 

102.5  $ 

(6.5) 

 (6) % $ 

323.5  $ 

361.8  $ 

(38.3) 

 (11) %

CWI Gross Margin for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2020

CWI  gross  margin  of  $28.5  million,  or  30%  of  revenue,  for  the  current  quarter  was  comparable  to  the  same  period  in  the  prior  year.  The 
increase in gross margin and gross margin percentage during the three months ended December 31, 2020 was driven largely by product mix, 
which more than offset lower revenues in the current year quarter.

Gross Margin

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)

CWI

Three months ended Dec 31

Change

% of revenue

2019

% of revenue

$

%

 30  % $  28.3 

 28  % $  0.2 

 1  %

2020

$  28.5 

CWI Gross Margin for the Year Ended December 31, 2020

CWI gross margin decreased by $16.8 million to $87.3 million, or 27% of revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2020, from $104.1 million, 
or  29%  of  revenue,  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019.  The  decrease  in  gross  margin  and  gross  margin  percentage  in  2020  is  primarily 
related to lower revenues and, to a lesser extent, a lower proportion of high-margin part sales.

Gross Margin

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)

CWI

Years ended Dec 31

Change

% of revenue

2019

% of revenue

$

%

 27  % $ 104.1 

 29  % $ (16.8) 

 (16) %

2020

$  87.3 

Other Significant Expense and Income Items
Restructuring  costs  were  $0.8  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  which  related  to  reductions  in  workforce  to  optimize  cost 
structure. There were no restructuring charges recorded in the year ended December 31, 2020.

Foreign exchange gains and losses reflect net realized gains and losses on foreign currency transactions and net unrealized gains and losses on 
our  net  U.S.  dollar  denominated  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  in  our  Canadian  domiciled  Corporate  Business  Units  that  were  mainly 

16  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Results from Operations

comprised  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term  investments,  accounts  receivable  and  accounts  payable.  In  addition,  we  have  foreign 
exchange exposure on Euro denominated monetary assets and liabilities where the functional currency of the subsidiary is not the Euro. For the 
year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a foreign exchange gain of $4.3 million compared to a foreign exchange gain of $2.5 million for 
the year ended December 31, 2019. The gain recognized in the current year primarily relates to unrealized foreign exchange gains that resulted 
from the translation of U.S. dollar denominated debt in our Canadian legal entities. The Canadian dollar increased by 1% against the U.S. dollar 
in 2020 compared to 2019.

Depreciation  and  amortization  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020  and  December  31,  2019  were  $14.0  million  and  $16.3  million, 
respectively. The amounts included in cost of revenue for the same periods were $7.8 million and $8.6 million, respectively. The decreases in 
depreciation and amortization in 2020 from 2019 was due to certain assets reaching the end of their useful life.

Income from investments primarily relates to our 50% interest in CWI, accounted for by the equity method. See the "Selected CWI Statements 
of Operations Data" section in this MD&A for more detail.

Interest on debt and amortization of discount

Interest on our short-term and long-term debt and accretion on our royalty payable for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 
was $3.3 million and $8.0 million, respectively, compared to $1.9 million and $7.3 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 
2019. Interest on short-term and long-term debt increased from $1.1 million and $3.9 million for the three months and year ended December 
31, 2019, respectively, to $1.7 million and $4.3 million in the same period in 2020, reflecting higher debt levels and an additional finance charge 
resulting from the conversions of our convertible debt into common shares, more than offsetting a lower cost of borrowing across the three 
months and year ended December 31, 2020. 

Accretion and finance charges associated with the royalty payable increased in the three months and year ended December 31, 2020, 
compared to the same periods in 2019, primarily due to an additional finance charge of $0.9 million in 2020, more than offsetting a lower 
outstanding royalty balance.

INTEREST ON LONG-TERM DEBT AND AMORTIZATION OF DISCOUNT

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
Interest expense on short-term and long-term debt
Royalty payable accretion expense

Total interest on short-term and long-term debt and accretion on royalty payable

INTEREST ON LONG-TERM DEBT AND AMORTIZATION OF DISCOUNT

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
Interest expense on short-term and long-term debt
Royalty payable accretion expense

Total interest on short-term and long-term debt and accretion on royalty payable

Interest and other income

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

4.3  $ 
3.7 

8.0  $ 

3.9 
3.4 

7.3 

Three months ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

1.7  $ 
1.6 

3.3  $ 

1.1 
0.8 

1.9 

In September 2019, we settled a $3.9 million payable related to the residual balance of government contributions received between 2003 and 
2006  in  connection  with  HPDI  technology  development.  A  final  payment  of  $0.6  million  was  made  in  September  2019  and  all  further 
repayment obligations were terminated. The prior year contributions no longer repayable, totaling $3.3 million, were credited to other income 
during the year.

Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $1.4 million and was primarily related to taxes payable in our operations in 
Italy and the Netherlands. This compared to an income tax expense of $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The net decrease of 
$0.6  million  was  primarily  attributable  to  lower  income  in  our  operations  in  Italy  due  to  the  one-time  charge  related  to  the  field  service 
campaign of the pressure relief device for light-duty OEM vehicles and lower income in the Netherlands, as well as recoveries of prior period 
income tax expense as a result of favourable tax rulings and government COVID-19 relief programs.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  17

 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Capital Requirements, Resources & Liquidity

Capital Requirements, Resources and Liquidity

Year-over-year cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, increased by $18.3 million to $64.3 million from $46.0 million at December 
31,  2019.  The  increase  is  primarily  the  result  of  our  efforts  to  improve  liquidity  as  discussed  in  the  "Business  Overview  and  General 
Developments" section of this MD&A and is partially offset by the repayment of convertible debt and other debt services.

COVID-19 materially impacted our business. We were able to access various government supports, and we have significantly strengthened our 
balance  sheet  by  negotiating  more  attractive  financing  rates,  and  extending  maturity  of  our  debt  to  ensure  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet 
obligations. See the "Liquidity and Going Concern" section in this MD&A for further discussion.

Cash Flow from Operating Activities

For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash flow used in operating activities increased by $19.4 million to $35.1 million, from the $15.7 
million in the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in cash used in operating activities is primarily due to lower earnings and a decrease 
in operating working capital in the current year as a result of COVID-19.

Cash Flow from Investing Activities

Our  net  cash  flows  from  investing  activities  consisted  primarily  of  cash  acquired  through  dividends  received  from  joint  ventures,  offset  by 
purchases of property, plant and equipment and other assets.

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  our  net  cash  flows  received  from  investing  activities  of  continuing  operations  was  $13.8  million 
compared to $16.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in 2020 is due to lower CWI dividends in current year, partially 
offset by lower capital expenditures due to delays in activities as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cash Flow from Financing Activities

For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company's net cash flows from financing activities was $39.7 million, an increase of $54.5 million 
compared to cash used in financing activities of $14.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2019. During 2020, the Company received a 
total of $30.0 million from government backed loans to our Italian subsidiaries, withdrew $6.0 million from the term credit facility with EDC 
and received $13.9 million net proceeds (gross proceeds of $14.4 million, net of transaction costs of $0.5 million including commission of $0.3 
million) from issuance of 3,215,970 common shares through our ATM Program at a weighted average share price of $4.47, offset by repayment 
of  the  royalty  payable  of  $5.9  million  (2019  -  $6.0  million)  and  paying  down  the  principal  amount  of  our  existing  convertible  notes  with 
Cartesian from $17.5 million to $10.0 million. Draws on the revolving financing facility with HSBC increased to $17.4 million during 2020.

Subsequent  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  we  issued  an  additional  1,819,712  common  share  at  a  weighted  average  share  price  of 
$7.26 per share for gross proceeds of $13.2 million, net of transaction costs of $0.4 million including commission of $0.3 million resulting in net 
proceeds of $12.8 million.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

CONTRACTUAL CASH FLOWS

Contractual Cash 
Flows

< 1yr

1-3 yrs

4-5 yrs

> 5 yrs

Carrying Amount

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $84.6
Short-term debt1
Long-term debt, principal2
Long-term debt, interest3
Long-term royalty payable3
Operating lease commitments4

16.0

23.4

62.0

28.0

—

$84.6

23.4

62.0

4.2

21.7

32.5

$84.6

23.4

16.3

1.7

7.4

4.5

$214.0

$228.4

$137.9

$—

—

29.7

2.3

7.5

7.5

$47.0

$—

—

13.3

0.2

3.9

4.6

$22.0

$—

—

2.7

—

2.9

15.9

$21.5

1.

2.

3.

4.

For details of our short-term debt, see note 13 of the Annual Financial Statements.

For details of our long-term debt, principal and interest, see note 14 of the Annual Financial Statements.

For additional information on the long-term royalty payable, see note 15 of the Annual Financial Statements.

For additional information on operating lease obligations, see note 12 of the Annual Financial Statements.

18  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Shares Outstanding

Shares Outstanding

For the year ended December 31, 2020, the weighted average number of shares used in calculating the income per share was 137,092,854. 
During the year ended December 31, 2020, 525,807 share units were granted to directors, executives and employees (2019 - 1,877,101 share 
units).  This  included  504,907  Restricted  Share  Units  ("RSUs")  (2019  -  971,051  RSUs)  and  20,900  Performance  Share  Units  ("PSUs")  (2019  - 
906,050 PSUs). The common shares, share options and share units outstanding and exercisable as at the following dates are shown below:

SHARES OUTSTANDING

(weighted average exercise 
prices are presented in 
Canadian dollars)

Common Shares outstanding  
Share Units

  Outstanding

  Exercisable

Dec 31, 2020

Mar 15, 2021

Shares / units

WAEP

Shares / units

WAEP

144,069,972 

1,452,378 

22,588 

3.29  

5.69  

147,848,018 

1,254,987 

41,667 

N/A

N/A

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our Annual Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect 
the  amounts  reported  in  our  Annual  Financial  Statements.  We  have  identified  several  policies  as  critical  to  our  business  operations  and  in 
understanding  our  results  of  operations.  These  policies,  which  require  the  use  of  judgment,  estimates  and  assumptions  in  determining  their 
reported  amounts,  include  the  assessment  of  liquidity  and  going  concern,  warranty  liability,  revenue  recognition,  inventories,  and  property, 
equipment, furniture and leasehold improvements. The application of these and other accounting policies are described in note 3 of the Annual 
Financial Statements. Actual amounts may vary significantly from estimates used.

We believe that we have taken into account all the possible impacts of known events arising from the COVID-19 pandemic in the preparation 
of  our  Annual  Financial  Statements.    However,  changes  in  circumstances  due  to  COVID-19  could  impact  our  judgments  and  estimates 
associated with our liquidity and going concern assessment, and other critical accounting assessments.

Assessment of Liquidity and Going Concern

The assessment of liquidity and going concern requires us to make judgments about the existence of conditions or events that raise substantial 
doubt about the our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Annual Financial Statements are issued.  This 
includes judgments about our future activities and the timing thereof and estimates of future cash flows.  Significant assumptions used in our 
forecasted model of liquidity include forecasted sales, including forecasted increases in sales of our heavy-duty OEM business, forecasted costs 
and  capital  expenditures,  amongst  others.    Changes  in  our  assumptions  could  have  a  material  impact  on  our  forecasted  liquidity  and  going 
concern assessment.

Warranty Liability

Estimated warranty costs are recognized at the time we sell our products and are included in cost of revenue. We provide warranty coverage on 
products sold from the date the products are put into service by customers. Warranty liability represents our best estimate of warranty costs 
expected to be incurred during the warranty period.  Furthermore, the current portion of warranty liability represents our best estimate of the 
costs  to  be  incurred  in  the  next  twelve-month  period.  We  use  historical  failure  rates  and  cost  to  repair  defective  products  to  estimate  the 
warranty liability. New product launches require a greater use of judgment in developing estimates until claims experience becomes available. 
Product specific experience is typically available four or five quarters after product launch, with a clear experience trend not evident until eight 
to  twelve  quarters  after  launch.  We  generally  record  warranty  expense  for  new  products  using  historical  experience  from  previous  engine 
generations in the first year, a blend of actual product and historical experience in the second year and product specific experience thereafter. 
The amount payable by us and the timing will depend on actual failure rates and cost to repair failures of our products. 

Revenue Recognition

We generate revenues primarily from product sales. Product revenues are derived primarily from standard product sales contracts and from 
long-term fixed price contracts. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of the goods or services. Determining 
the  timing  of  the  transfer  of  control,  at  a  point  in  time  or  over  time,  requires  judgment.  On  standard  product  sales  contracts,  revenues  are 
recognized  when  customers  obtain  control  of  the  product,  that  is  when  transfer  of  title  and  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  goods  have 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Critical Accounting Policies & Estimates

passed and when the obligation to pay is considered certain. Invoices are generated and revenue is recognized at that point in time.  Provisions 
for warranties are made at the time of sale.

Inventories

Our inventories consist of our fuel system products (finished goods), work-in-progress, purchased parts and assembled parts. Inventories are 
recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined based on the lower of weighted average cost or first-in, first-out. The 
cost of fuel system product inventories, assembled parts and work-in-progress includes materials, labour and production overhead including 
depreciation.  We  record  inventory  write-downs  based  on  an  analysis  of  excess  and  obsolete  inventories  determined  primarily  by  future 
demand forecasts. In addition, we record a liability for firm, non-cancelable, and unconditional purchase commitments with manufacturers for 
quantities in excess of our future demand forecast consistent with our valuation of excess and obsolete inventory.

PP&E and Intangible Assets

We  consider  whether  or  not  there  has  been  an  impairment  in  our  long-lived  assets,  such  as  plant  and  equipment,  furniture  and  leasehold 
improvements and intangible assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be 
recoverable.  If  such  assets  are  not  recoverable,  we  are  required  to  write  down  the  assets  to  fair  value.  When  quoted  market  values  are  not 
available, we use the expected future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risks associated with the recovery of the asset as 
an estimate of fair value to determine whether or not a write down is required.

Impairment of PP&E

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded an impairment charge of $0.5 million related to the write-down of property, plant and 
equipment ("PPE") in Rohan BRC, our India subsidiary. We concluded that there were no other impairment indicators as of December 31, 2020 
related to PP&E.

We  have  significant  investments  in  PP&E  related  to  our  Westport  HPDI  2.0™  business.  The  HPDI  business  is  still  in  the  early  stages  of 
commercialization, and, as a result, is currently generating losses. Based on our current projections, meaningful increases in component sales 
are  expected  compared  to  2020  levels,  allowing  the  HPDI  business  to  benefit  from  economies  of  scale  and  become  profitable.  If  these 
assumptions are not realized, we may be required to record an impairment on these assets in future periods.

Intangible Assets

We concluded that there were no impairment indicators as of December 31, 2020 related to intangible assets. Therefore, no impairment on 
intangible assets was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2020.

New Accounting Pronouncements and Developments

New accounting pronouncements adopted in 2020:

In  June  2016,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326)"  which 
requires  the  measurement  and  recognition  of  expected  credit  losses  for  financial  assets  held  at  amortized  cost.  ASU  2016-13  replaced  the 
former incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. ASU 
2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of 
this guidance in the first quarter of 2020 did not result in any material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls Over Financial 
Reporting

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  defined  in  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended 
("Exchange Act"), are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit 
under the Exchange Act and applicable Canadian securities law requirements is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time 
periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and applicable Canadian securities law requirements, and that such information is accumulated 

20  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Disclosure Controls & Procedures

and  communicated  to  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  ("CEO")  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  ("CFO")  (our  principal 
executive officer and principal financial officer, respectively), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. As of the 
end of the period covered by this report, we evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our CEO and 
CFO, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures.

Based  on  that  evaluation,  our  CEO  and  CFO  have  concluded  that  as  of  December  31,  2020,  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  were 
effective at a reasonable assurance level. 

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in 
Rule  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the  Exchange  Act.  Internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  by,  or  under  the 
supervision of, our CEO and CFO and effected by our board of directors, management, and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in 
accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP  and  the  requirements  of  the  SEC,  as  applicable.  There  are  inherent  limitations  in  the  effectiveness  of  internal 
control over financial reporting, including the possibility that misstatements may not be prevented or detected.

Because of these inherent limitations, internal control systems, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not 
absolute,  assurance  that  the  control  system's  objectives  will  be  met,  and  no  evaluation  of  controls  can  provide  absolute  assurance  that  all 
control issues have been detected. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future 
events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under potential future conditions, regardless of 
how  remote.  Therefore,  even  those  systems  determined  to  be  effective  can  provide  only  reasonable  assurance  with  respect  to  financial 
statement preparation and presentation. 

Management, including the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, based on the criteria 
in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based 
on this evaluation, management has determined that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020. 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, there were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or 
are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

KPMG LLP ("KPMG"), our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements and expressed an 
unqualified opinion thereon. KPMG has also expressed an unqualified opinion on the effective operation of our internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2020.  KPMG's audit report on effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting is included in the Annual 
Financial Statements.

Summary of Quarterly Results and Discussion of the Quarter Ended 
December 31, 2020

Our revenues and operating results can vary significantly from quarter to quarter depending on factors such as the timing of product deliveries, 
product  mix,  product  launch  dates,  R&D  project  cycles,  timing  of  related  government  funding,  impairment  charges,  restructuring  charges, 
stock-based  compensation  awards  and  foreign  exchange  impacts.  Net  loss  has  and  can  vary  significantly  from  one  quarter  to  another 
depending on operating results, gains and losses from investing activities, recognition of tax benefits and other similar events.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  21

Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Summary of Quarterly Results

The following table provides summary unaudited consolidated financial data for our last eight quarters:

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED QUARTERLY OPERATIONS DATA(

(expressed in millions of U.S. dollars, except for 
per share amounts)

2019

2020

Three months ended: Mar 31

Jun 30

Sep 30

Dec 31

Mar 31 (1)

Jun 30 (2)

Sep 30

Dec 31

Total revenue

Cost of product and parts revenue

Gross margin

Gross margin percentage

$ 

$ 

73.2 

$ 

82.4 

$ 

75.4 

$ 

74.3 

$ 

67.2 

$ 

36.0 

$ 

65.4 

$ 

56.0 

63.1 

57.5 

60.5 

62.9 

23.8 

55.4 

17.2 

$ 

19.3 

$ 

17.9 

$ 

13.8 

$ 

4.3 

$ 

12.2 

$ 

10.0 

$ 

83.9 

70.9 

13.0 

 23.5 %

 23.4 %

 23.7 %

 18.6 %

 6.4 %

 33.9 %

 15.3 %

 15.5 %

Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 

(3.0)  $ 

(2.3)  $ 

Net income (loss)
EBITDA (3)
Adjusted EBITDA (4)
U.S. dollar to Euro average exchange rate

U.S. dollar to Canadian dollar average 
exchange rate

Earnings (loss) per share

Basic and diluted from continuing operations

Basic and diluted

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(3.0)  $ 

(2.6)  $ 

$ 

$ 

4.2 

7.3 

0.88 

1.33 

$ 

$ 

4.0 

8.1 

0.89 

1.33 

(0.02)  $ 

(0.02)  $ 

(0.02)  $ 

(0.02)  $ 

CWI net income attributable to the Company $ 

8.6 

$ 

5.9 

$ 

4.9 

5.0 

11.7 

9.4 

0.90 

1.32 

0.04 

0.04 

5.4 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0.6 

0.7 

5.0 

3.6 

0.90 

1.32 

0.00 

0.00 

6.7 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(15.3)  $ 

(15.3)  $ 

(11.1)  $ 

(3.6)  $ 

0.91 

1.35 

(0.11)  $ 

(0.11)  $ 

5.3 

$ 

3.0 

3.0 

9.2 

6.2 

0.91 

1.39 

0.02 

0.02 

4.2 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0.8 

0.8 

4.9 

4.0 

0.85 

1.33 

0.01 

0.01 

4.9 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

4.1 

4.1 

13.1 

8.1 

0.84 

1.30 

0.03 

0.03 

9.4 

(1) During the first quarter of 2020, we recorded a $10.0 million expense related to a field service campaign as discussed in the "Gross Margin" 
section of this MD&A.

(2) During the second quarter of 2020, we recorded a $7.7 million insurance recovery related to the field service campaign as discussed in the 
"Gross Margin" section of this MD&A.

(3) The term EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) does not have a standardized meaning according to U.S. 
GAAP. See non-GAAP measures for more information.

(4) The term Adjusted EBITDA is not defined under U.S. GAAP and is not a measure of operating income, operating performance or liquidity 
presented  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP.  Westport  Fuel  Systems  defines  Adjusted  EBITDA  as  EBITDA  adjusted  for  amortization  of  stock-
based  compensation,  unrealized  foreign  exchange  gain  or  loss,  and  non-cash  and  other  adjustments.  See  non-GAAP  measures  for  more 
information.

Three Months Ended December 31, 2020 & 2019

Our  consolidated  net  income  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2020  was  $4.1  million,  resulting  in  earnings  of  $0.03  per  share, 
compared to net income of $0.7 million, or $0.00 per share, for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The improvement in net income 
was  driven  primarily  by  lower  operating  costs,  an  increase  in  investment  income  from  our  CWI  joint  venture  and  higher  unrealized  foreign 
exchange gain curing the current year quarter.

Non-GAAP Measures

We  have  included  certain  non-GAAP  performance  measures  throughout  this  MD&A.  These  performance  measures  are  employed  by  us 
internally  to  measure  operating  and  economic  performance  and  to  assist  in  business  decision-making,  as  well  as  providing  key  performance 
information  to  senior  management.  We  believe  that,  in  addition  to  conventional  measures  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP,  certain 
investors  and  other  stakeholders  also  use  this  information  to  evaluate  our  operating  and  financial  performance;  however,  these  non-GAAP 
performance measures do not have any standardized meaning. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to provide additional 
information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Non-GAAP Measures - EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

Our  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP.  These  U.S.  GAAP  financial  statements  include  non-cash  charges  and 
other  charges  and  benefits  that  may  be  unusual  or  infrequent  in  nature  or  that  we  believe  may  make  comparisons  to  our  prior  or  future 
performance  difficult.  In  addition  to  conventional  measures  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP,  Westport  Fuel  Systems  and  certain 
investors  use  EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  as  an  indicator  of  our  ability  to  generate  liquidity  by  producing  operating  cash  flow  to  fund 

22  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Summary of Quarterly Results

working capital needs, service debt obligations and fund capital expenditures. Management also uses these non-GAAP measures in its review 
and evaluation of the financial performance of Westport Fuel Systems. EBITDA is also frequently used by investors and analysts for valuation 
purposes  whereby  EBITDA  is  multiplied  by  a  factor  or  "EBITDA  multiple"  that  is  based  on  an  observed  or  inferred  relationship  between 
EBITDA and market values to determine the approximate total enterprise value of a company. We believe that these non-GAAP financial 
measures  also  provide  additional  insight  to  investors  and  securities  analysts  as  supplemental  information  to  our  U.S.  GAAP 
results and as a basis to compare our financial performance period-over-period and to compare our financial performance with 
that  of  other  companies.  We  believe  that  these  non-GAAP  financial  measures  facilitate  comparisons  of  our  core  operating  results  from 
period to period and to other companies by, in the case of EBITDA, removing the effects of our capital structure (net interest income on cash 
deposits, interest expense on outstanding debt and debt facilities), asset base (depreciation and amortization) and tax consequences. Adjusted 
EBITDA provides this same indicator of Westport Fuel Systems' EBITDA from continuing operations and removing such effects of our capital 
structure,  asset  base  and  tax  consequences,  but  additionally  excludes  any  unrealized  foreign  exchange  gains  or  losses,  stock-based 
compensation charges and other one-time impairments and costs which are not expected to be repeated in order to provide greater insight into 
the cash flow being produced from our operating business, without the influence of extraneous events.  

EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  are  intended  to  provide  additional  information  to  investors  and  analysts  and  do  not  have  any  standardized 
definition under U.S. GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance 
with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA exclude the impact of cash costs of financing activities and taxes, and the effects of changes in 
operating working capital balances, and therefore are not necessarily indicative of operating profit or cash flow from operations as determined 
under U.S. GAAP. Other companies may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently.

EBITDA

Westport Fuel Systems defines EBITDA as net income or loss from continuing operations before income taxes adjusted for net interest expense 
and depreciation and amortization. 

QUARTERLY EBITDA DATA

Three months ended:

Mar 31

Jun 30

Sep 30

Dec 31

Mar 31

Jun 30

Sep 30

Dec 31

2019

2020

Income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations

$ 

(1.9)  $ 

(1.4)  $ 

5.7  $ 

(0.3)  $ 

(16.0)  $ 

4.6  $ 

0.2  $ 

Interest expense, net (1)

Depreciation and amortization

EBITDA

1.8 

4.3 

1.4 

4.0 

1.8 

4.2 

1.5 

3.8 

1.5 

3.4 

1.2 

3.4 

1.3 

3.4 

$ 

4.2  $ 

4.0  $ 

11.7  $ 

5.0  $ 

(11.1)  $ 

9.2  $ 

4.9  $ 

13.1 

1.

Interest  expense,  net  is  calculated  as  interest  and  other  income,  net  of  bank  charges  and  interest  on  long-term  debt  and  other  payables  and 
amortization of discount.

EBITDA increased by $8.2 million from $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $13.1 million in the three 
months ended December 31, 2020.  The increase is primarily due to improved gross margins, increased income from our CWI joint venture and 
a higher unrealized foreign exchange gain in the current quarter.

Adjusted EBITDA

Westport Fuel Systems defines Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA from continuing operations adjusted for stock-based compensation, unrealized 
foreign exchange gains or losses, and non-cash and other adjustments. 

QUARTERLY ADJUSTED EBITDA DATA

Three months ended:

Mar 31

Jun 30

Sep 30

Dec 31

Mar 31

Jun 30

Sep 30

Dec 31

2019

2020

$ 

4.2  $ 

4.0  $ 

11.7  $ 

5.0  $ 

(11.1)  $ 

9.2  $ 

4.9  $ 

EBITDA

Stock based compensation

Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss

Intangible impairment

Asset impairment

Restructuring, termination and other exit costs

Costs associated with SEC investigation

Other

Adjusted EBITDA

0.4 

0.1 

— 

— 

0.8 

1.8 

— 

0.3 

(0.7)   

— 

— 

— 

4.5 

— 

$ 

7.3  $ 

8.1  $ 

0.3 

0.7 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(3.3)   

9.4  $ 

0.5 

(2.6)   

0.7 

— 

— 

— 

— 

0.6 

6.9 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

0.6 

(3.6)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

0.9 

(2.3)   

— 

0.5 

— 

— 

— 

3.6  $ 

(3.6)  $ 

6.2  $ 

4.0  $ 

8.1 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  23

5.3 

4.0 

3.8 

13.1 

0.3 

(5.3) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis  |  Summary of Quarterly Results

Adjusted  EBITDA  increased  by  $4.1  million  from  $4.0  million  for  the  three  months  ended  September  30,  2020  to  $8.1  million  for  the  three 
months ended December 31, 2020 primarily due to improved gross margin from a volume discount from an HPDI component supplier achieved 
at the end of the year and recognized during the quarter and higher CWI net income attributed to the Company in the current quarter.

Business Risks and Uncertainties

An  investment  in  our  business  involves  risk  and  readers  should  carefully  consider  the  risks  described  in  our  AIF  and  other  filings  on 
www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov. Our ability to generate revenue and profit from our technologies is dependent on a number of factors, and 
the risks discussed in our AIF, which, if they were to occur, could have a material impact on our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of 
operation  or  prospects.  While  we  have  attempted  to  identify  the  primary  known  risks  that  are  material  to  our  business,  the  risks  and 
uncertainties discussed in our AIF may not be the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties, including those that we do not know 
about now or that we currently believe are immaterial may also adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operation 
or  prospects.  A  full  discussion  of  the  risks  impacting  our  business  is  contained  in  the  AIF  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  under  the 
heading “Risk Factors” and is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

24  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Reports

Reports

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Westport Fuel Systems Inc. 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Westport  Fuel  Systems  Inc.  (and  subsidiaries)  (the  Company)  as  of 
December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and 
cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial 
statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company 
as  of  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  and  the  results  of  its  operations  and  its  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended 
December 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB),  the 
Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2020,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated 
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 15, 2021 
expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be 
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to 
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or 
fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements, 
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on  a test basis, 
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that 
were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to 
the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex  judgments.  The  communication  of 
critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our  opinion  on  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by 
communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to 
which they relate.

Indicators of Impairment for Property, Plant and Equipment Related to HPDI

As discussed in Notes 3(k) and 8 to the consolidated financial statements, the carrying value of property, plant and equipment reported on the 
consolidated  balance  sheet  as  at  December  31,  2020  is  $57.507  million,  which  includes  the  property,  plant  and  equipment  used  in  the 
Company’s  heavy-duty  Original  Equipment  Manufacturer  (OEM)  business,  which  includes  the  Company’s  High  Pressure  Direct  Injection 
(HPDI) business, which is in the early stages of commercialization and has generated losses to date. The Company assesses its long-lived assets 
for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  of  the  assets  may  not  be  recoverable.  The 
Company’s determination of whether an indicator of impairment exists includes the preparation of a forecast of future cash flows of the HPDI 
business.  The  significant  assumptions  used  in  the  Company’s  forecast  of  future  cash  flows  include,  amongst  others,  estimates  of  component 
sales in the future.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  25

Reports

We identified the assessment of indicators of impairment for property, plant and equipment related to HPDI as a critical audit matter. A higher 
degree of subjective auditor judgment was required to assess the Company’s evaluation of indicators of impairment due to the uncertainty in 
the estimates of component sales in the future.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating 
effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s process for the identification and evaluation of indicators of impairment. 
This included a control related to the determination of the estimates of component sales in the future.   We evaluated the reasonableness of the 
estimates  of  component  sales  in  the  future  by  comparing  them  to  the  Company’s  internal  documentation  and  external  communications  and 
comparing  their  consistency  with  relevant  industry  data  and  regulatory  factors.    We  compared  the  Company’s  historical  sales  forecasts  to 
actual results to assess the accuracy of the Company’s forecasts of future sales.

Liquidity and Going Concern Assessment

As discussed in Note 2(b) to the consolidated financial statements, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that 
the Company will continue as a going concern. In making this assessment, the Company has evaluated whether there are conditions or events 
that  raise  substantial  doubt  about  the  Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  within  one  year  after  the  consolidated  financial 
statements are issued.  The Company concluded that there are no known or currently foreseeable conditions or events that raise substantial 
doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  The Company incurred a loss of $7.359 million and negative cash flows from 
operations of $35.149 million in the year ended December 31, 2020.

We identified the assessment of the existence of conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a 
going concern for a period of at least one year from the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements as a critical audit matter.  The 
evaluation of the Company’s cash flows used in its forecasted model of liquidity and its determination of the existence of conditions or events 
that may raise substantial doubt involved a high degree of auditor judgment due to the uncertainty in the estimate of future cash flows.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating 
effectiveness  of  certain  internal  controls  related  to  the  Company’s  assessment  of  its  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.    This  included  a 
control over the determination of significant assumptions used in the forecasted model of liquidity, including forecast sales, forecast increases 
in  sales  of  the  heavy-duty  OEM  business,  forecast  costs  and  capital  expenditures.  We  assessed  the  reasonableness  of  the  significant 
assumptions underlying the Company’s forecasted model of liquidity by comparing the forecasted cash flows to actual results of the Company 
and  to  approved  budgets.  We  compared  the  Company’s  historical  forecasted  cash  flows  to  actual  results  to  assess  the  Company’s  ability  to 
accurately forecast.  We compared the forecasted sales for a key customer in the heavy-duty OEM business to the demand forecast provided to 
the Company by this customer. We performed sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of changes in the significant assumptions included in the 
Company’s  forecasted  model  of  liquidity.    We  assessed  the  Company’s  forecasted  model  of  liquidity  in  the  context  of  other  audit  evidence 
obtained during the audit to determine whether it supported or contradicted the conclusions reached by the Company.

KPMG LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants,  

We have served as the Company's auditors since 2015. 

March 15, 2021, Vancouver, Canada

26  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Reports

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Westport Fuel Systems Inc. 

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

We have audited Westport Fuel Systems Inc.’s (and subsidiaries’) (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB),  the 
consolidated  balance  sheets  of  the  Company  as  of  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and 
comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2020, and 
the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated March 15, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion 
on those consolidated financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The  Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  for  its  assessment  of  the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying “Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over 
Financial Reporting”.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. 
We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance 
with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain 
reasonable  assurance  about  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material  respects.  Our  audit  of 
internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that 
a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our 
audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A 
company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, 
in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the  company;  (2)  provide  reasonable 
assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of 
management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized 
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any 
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or 
that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

KPMG LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants,

March 15, 2021 

Vancouver, Canada

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  27

 
Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share amounts)

Assets

Current assets:

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

Cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash, note 3(c))

$ 

64,262  $ 

Accounts receivable (note 5)

Inventories (note 6)

Prepaid expenses

Total current assets

Long-term investments (note 7)

Property, plant and equipment (note 8)

Operating lease right-of-use assets (note 12)

Intangible assets (note 9)
Deferred income tax assets (note 18(b))

Goodwill (note 10)

Other long-term assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (note 11)

Current portion of operating lease liabilities (note 12)

Short-term debt (note 13)

Current portion of long-term debt (note 14)

Current portion of long-term royalty payable (note 15)

Current portion of warranty liability (note 16)

Total current liabilities

Long-term operating lease liabilities (note 12)

Long-term debt (note 14)

Long-term royalty payable (note 15)

Warranty liability (note 16)

Deferred income tax liabilities (note 18(b))

Other long-term liabilities

Total long-term liabilities
Shareholders’ equity:

Share capital (note 17):

Unlimited common and preferred shares, no par value

90,467 

51,402 

11,767 

217,898 

13,954 

57,507 

27,962 

11,784 
2,140 

3,397 

11,621 

46,012 

66,950 

47,806 

7,417 

168,185 

10,587 

58,856 

17,524 

13,075 
1,929 

3,110 

6,660 

$ 

$ 

346,263  $ 

279,926 

84,599  $ 

86,180 

4,476 

23,445 

16,302 

7,451 

10,749 

147,022 

23,486 

45,651 

8,591 

8,187 

3,250 

6,017 

4,406 

3,625 

9,942 

5,936 

4,505 

114,594 

13,118 

35,312 

12,322 

4,396 

4,445 

6,380 

242,204 

190,567 

144,069,972 (2019 - 136,416,981) common shares issued and outstanding

1,115,092 

1,094,633 

Other equity instruments

Additional paid in capital

Accumulated deficit

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total shareholders' equity

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

Commitments and contingencies (note 20)

Subsequent events (notes 13(b), 14(b), and 17)

7,671 

11,516 

(1,005,679)   

(24,541)   

104,059 

346,263  $ 

$ 

6,857 

10,079 

(998,320) 

(23,890) 

89,359 

279,926 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

Approved on behalf of the Board

Rita Forst

Director

Brenda J. Eprile

Director

28  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Consolidated Statements of Operations & Comprehensive Income (Loss)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS & COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 (expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)

Cost of revenue and expenses:

Cost of revenue

Research and development

General and administrative

Sales and marketing

Restructuring costs

Foreign exchange gain

Depreciation and amortization (notes 8 and 9)

Impairment on long lived assets, net (notes 8 and 9)

Loss from continuing operations

Income from investments accounted for by the equity method

Interest on long-term debt and accretion on royalty payable

Interest and other income

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax expense (recovery) (note 18):

Current

Deferred

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Net loss from discontinued operations

Net income (loss) for the year

Other comprehensive loss:

Cumulative translation adjustment

Comprehensive loss

Income (loss) per share:

From continuing operations - basic and diluted

From discontinued operations - basic and diluted

Net income (loss) per share

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Years ended December 31
2019
2020

$ 

252,497  $ 

305,338 

212,953 

237,086 

20,976 

26,629 

11,510 

— 

(4,300)   

6,239 

479 

274,486 

(21,989)   

24,047 

(7,988)   

2 

(5,928)   

2,438 

(1,007)   

1,431 

(7,359)   

— 

(7,359)   

(651)   

(8,010)  $ 

(0.05)  $ 

0.00  $ 

(0.05)  $ 

25,172 

41,339 

16,380 

825 

(2,537) 

7,778 

688 

326,731 

(21,393) 

26,741 

(7,265) 

4,065 

2,148 

3,607 

(1,647) 

1,960 

188 

(147) 

41 

(2,832) 

(2,791) 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

137,092,854 

134,224,799 

137,092,854 

144,067,256 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(expressed in thousands of United States 
dollars, except share amounts)

Common 
shares 
outstanding

Share capital 

Other 
equity 
instruments

Additional 
paid-in-
capital

Accumulated 
deficit

Accumulated
other 
comprehensive 
loss

Total 
shareholders' 
equity

January 1, 2019

  133,380,899  $ 

1,087,068  $ 

12,948  $ 

10,079  $ 

(998,361)  $ 

(21,058)  $ 

90,676 

Issuance of common shares on 
exercise of share units

Stock-based compensation

Net income for the year

Other comprehensive loss

3,036,082 

7,565 

(7,565)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,474 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

41 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,474 

41 

(2,832)   

(2,832) 

December 31, 2019

  136,416,981 

1,094,633 

6,857 

10,079 

(998,320)   

(23,890)   

89,359 

Issuance of common shares on 
exercise of share units

Issuance of common shares on 
conversions of convertible debt

Issuance of common shares on at-
the-market public offering, net of 
costs incurred

Change in fair value of the 
embedded conversion feature on 
convertible debt

Stock-based compensation

Net loss for the year

Other comprehensive loss

829,553 

1,433 

(1,433)   

3,607,468 

5,122 

3,215,970 

13,904 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,247 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,437 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(7,359)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(651)   

— 

5,122 

13,904 

1,437 

2,247 

(7,359) 

(651) 

December 31, 2020

  144,069,972  $ 

1,115,092  $ 

7,671  $ 

11,516  $ 

(1,005,679)  $ 

(24,541)  $ 

104,059 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

30  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Financial Statements | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(expressed in thousands of United States dollars)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities:

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

Net income (loss) for the year from continuing operations

$ 

(7,359)  $ 

188 

Items not involving cash:
Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation expense
Unrealized foreign exchange gain
Deferred income tax
Income from investments accounted for by the equity method
Interest on long-term debt and accretion of royalty payable
Impairment on long lived assets, net
Inventory write-downs to net realizable value (note 6)
Other income
Change in bad debt expense

Net cash used before working capital changes
Changes in non-cash operating working capital:

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Prepaid expenses
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Warranty liability

Net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds on sale of assets
Dividends received from joint ventures

Net cash from investing activities
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities:

Drawings on operating lines of credit and long-term facilities
Repayment of operating lines of credit and long-term facilities
Proceeds from share issuance, net
Repayment of royalty payable
Long-term asset securing debt

Net cash from (used in) financing activities of continuing operations
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year (including restricted cash)
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year (including restricted cash)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplementary information:

Interest paid

Taxes paid, net of refunds

Refer to note 17 for non-cash transactions.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

14,034 
2,368 
(4,300)   
(1,007)   
(24,047)   
7,988 
479 
507 
— 
299 
(11,038)   

(22,721)   
(3,225)   
(8,685)   
(420)   

10,940 
(35,149)   

— 

(7,123)   
207 
20,758 
13,842 

85,258 
(53,523)   
13,904 
(5,948)   

— 
39,691 

(134)   

18,250 
46,012 
64,262  $ 

16,340 
1,474 
(2,537) 
(1,647) 
(26,741) 
7,265 
688 
57 
(3,317) 
831 
(7,399) 

(11,137) 
(2,004) 
(2,653) 
3,312 
4,196 
(15,685) 
(147) 

(8,860) 
— 
25,045 
16,185 

25,081 
(33,258) 
— 
(6,034) 
(553) 
(14,764) 
(696) 
(15,107) 
61,119 
46,012 

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

4,699  $ 

1,374 

3,953 

1,926 

$ 

$ 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Company Organization and Operations

Westport  Fuel  Systems  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  was  incorporated  under  the  Business  Corporations  Act  (Alberta)  on  March  20,  1995.  The 
Company engineers, manufactures and supplies alternative fuel systems and components for use in transportation markets on a global basis. 
The Company's components and systems control the pressure and flow of gaseous alternative fuels, such as propane and natural gas used in 
internal combustion engines.

2. Impact of COVID-19 and Going Concern

(a) 

Impact of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic had an adverse impact on the Company's business in 2020. The extent, duration and impact of COVID-19 is uncertain 
however in the second half of 2020, the Company's sales and customer demand rebounded compared to the first half of the year. The majority 
of  the  Company's  production  is  from  three  facilities  located  in  Northern  Italy  and  one  in  the  Netherlands.  Sales  from  these  facilities  are 
primarily to Western and Eastern Europe which were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company's Brescia facility was 
closed  from  March  16,  2020  through  May  4,  2020.  This  facility  produces  components  in  the  light-duty  Original  Equipment  Manufacturer 
("OEM")  business  and  assembles  LNG  tank  systems  for  the  heavy-duty  OEM  business.  The  Company's  Cherasco  and  Albinea  facilities  were 
closed  from  March  22,  2020  through  May  4,  2020.  These  facilities  produce  components  and  kits  in  the  Independent  Aftermarket  ("IAM"), 
Delayed OEM ("DOEM"), electronics and OEM businesses.

In addition to the Company's production facilities, its initial High Pressure Direct Injection ("Westport HPDI 2.0TM" or "HPDI") launch partner 
temporarily closed its facilities in mid-March in response to safety concerns and government restrictions arising from the spread of COVID-19. 
The Company's launch partner reopened its production facilities in late April and has since exceeded pre-COVID-19 sales volume levels for the 
HPDI product in the second half of 2020.

The Company's light-duty OEM and DOEM businesses are dependent on new vehicle sales with gaseous fuel systems. Sales revenue in these 
businesses declined significantly during the second quarter of 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but revenue increased in the 
second half of 2020, albeit to levels still below the comparative period in the prior year as the Company continues to recover. While revenue 
from these businesses recovered during the fourth quarter, the rise in COVID-19 cases and new virus variants may adversely affect customer 
demand going forward.

The  Company's  heavy-duty  business  was  less  impacted  than  the  IAM  and  light-duty  OEM  businesses  due  to  on-going  need  for  freight 
transportation  and  the  growing  demand  for  more  climate-friendly  vehicles  in  markets  with  favourable  fuel  price  economics.  Demand  for 
essential goods remains and consumer delivery of these goods has increased, resulting in stable demand for medium and heavy-duty trucks.

Management  is  closely  monitoring  and  making  efforts  to  mitigate  the  impact  of  COVID-19  on  the  Company's  business.  The  Company  has 
significant operations in Italy where there has been many cases. The Company also sources components from China. At this time, management 
does not see a material impact to its business; however, the situation is evolving and could become material if the supply chain disruption is 
prolonged or end customer demand declines.

In response to pandemic, the Company undertook numerous financing actions and implemented multiple austerity measures, including actions 
to reduce costs, such as salary and other compensation deferrals and reductions, and delaying non-critical projects and capital expenditures to 
secure liquidity and improve its ability to fund its operations. The Company also worked closely with its key lenders to strengthen its liquidity 
and has made significant progress to reduce its cost of capital, summarized as follows:

• New loans and principal deferrals of $16,000 with Export Development Canada ("EDC");

• New loans in the amount of €27,000 ($31,590) with UniCredit S.p.A ("UniCredit") and Deutsche Bank;

•

•

•

Restructuring  of  the  convertible  notes  with  Cartesian  Capital  Group  and  its  affiliates  ("Cartesian")  to  pay  down  the  existing 
convertible notes from $17,500 to $10,000;

Increasing the maximum draw amount on the revolving financing facility with HSBC Bank Canada ("HSBC") from $10,000 to $20,000;

Conversion of a total of $5,000 convertible debt with Cartesian into common shares as of December 31, 2020; and

32  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  2. Impact of COVID-19 and Going Concern

•

Issuance  of  $14,376  gross  proceeds  in  common  shares  from  treasury  to  the  public  as  of  December  31,  2020  through  the  at-the-
market equity offering program (the "ATM Program") launched on November 9, 2020.

The Company is also participating in government wage-subsidy and other support programs in the countries where it operates. The Company 
has  received  $6,093  in  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  related  to  these  programs.  Refer  to  notes  13,  14(a),  14(b),  and  17  in  these 
consolidated financial statements for more details. 

(b) 

Liquidity and Going Concern

In  connection  with  preparing  consolidated  financial  statements  for  each  annual  and  interim  reporting  period,  the  Company  is  required  to 
evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue 
as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Substantial doubt exists when conditions and events, 
considered in aggregate, indicate that it is probable that a company will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year 
after  the  date  that  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  issued.  This  evaluation  initially  does  not  take  into  consideration  the  potential 
mitigating  effect  of  management’s  plans  and  actions  that  have  not  been  fully  implemented  as  of  the  date  that  the  financial  statements  are 
issued. When substantial doubt exists, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt 
about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both: 
(1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued; and (2) it 
is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s 
ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  within  one  year  after  the  date  that  the  financial  statements  are  issued.  Generally,  to  be  considered 
probable of being effectively implemented, the plans must have been approved before the date that the financial statements are issued.

Management's  evaluation  has  concluded  that  there  are  no  known  or  currently  foreseeable  conditions  or  events  that  raise  substantial  doubt 
about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date these consolidated financial statements are issued. 
These consolidated financial statements have therefore been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern. 

The assessment of the liquidity and going concern requires the Company to make judgments about the existence of conditions or events that 
raise substantial doubt about the ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements 
are issued.  This includes judgments about the Company's future activities and the timing thereof and estimates of future cash flows.  Significant 
assumptions used in the Company's forecasted model of liquidity include forecasted sales, including forecasted increases in sales of the heavy-
duty OEM business, forecasted costs and capital expenditures, amongst others.  Changes in the assumptions could have a material impact on 
the forecasted liquidity and going concern assessment.

The  Company  believes  it  has  taken  into  account  all  the  possible  impacts  of  known  events  arising  from  the  COVID-19  pandemic  in  the 
preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.    However,  changes  in  circumstances  due  to  COVID-19  could  impact  management's 
judgments and estimates associated with the liquidity and going concern assessment, and other critical accounting assessments.

At December 31, 2020, the Company's net working capital was $70,876 (2019 - $53,591) including cash and cash equivalents of $64,262 (2019 
- $46,012). The Company has another $2,177 in restricted cash pledged to the repayment of the debt it holds in its Italian subsidiaries recorded 
in  other  long-term  assets.  The  Company's  short-term  and  long-term  debt,  including  the  royalty  payable,  was  $101,440,  net  of  deferred 
financing fees, of which $39,747 of this debt matures in 2021 and $7,451 of the royalty payable is due in 2021. The Company incurred a loss of 
$7,359 and negative cash flows from operations of $35,149 in the year ended December 31, 2020.

As part of its on-going monitoring of financial condition, management is evaluating foreseeable future cash flows from the Cummins Westport 
joint venture investment, as the joint venture term is scheduled to end on December 31, 2021. The joint venture pays significant dividends to 
the joint venture partners, with the Company receiving $20,758 as dividends in 2020 (2019 - $25,045). As per the joint venture agreement, 
both  Cummins  Inc.  and  the  Company  have  equal  rights  to  the  joint  venture’s  intellectual  property.  However,  there  is  no  certainty  that  the 
Company will be able to monetize the intellectual property to the level of the current dividends received from the joint venture. See note 7(a) 
for additional details related to the Cummins Westport joint venture.

Management believes that the cash on hand at December 31, 2020 and the continued recovery in operational performance, coupled with the 
additional sources of capital mentioned above, will provide the cash flow necessary to fund operations over the next year to March 2022. The 
ability to continue as a going concern beyond March 2022 will be dependent on the Company's ability to generate sufficient positive cash flows 
from operations, successful conversion of or refinancing of the convertible debt, effective management of the Cummins Westport joint venture 
transition  and  on  the  Company's  ability  to  finance  its  long  term  strategic  objectives  and  operations  (specifically  the  growth  of  the  HPDI 
business).  If,  as  a  result  of  future  events,  the  Company  was  to  determine  it  was  no  longer  able  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  significant 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  33

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  2. Impact of Covid-19  and Going Concern

adjustments would be required to the carrying value of assets and liabilities in the accompanying, consolidated financial statements and the 
adjustments could be material.

3. Significant Accounting Policies

A. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions 
have been eliminated on consolidation.

These consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. 
GAAP”).

B. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
The Company’s functional currency is the Canadian dollar and its reporting currency for its consolidated financial statement presentation is the 
United States dollar ("U.S. Dollar"). The functional currencies for the Company's subsidiaries include the following: U.S. dollar, Canadian dollar, 
Euro, Argentina Peso, Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”), Swedish Krona, and Indian Rupee. The Company translates assets and liabilities of non-U.S. 
dollar  functional  currency  operations  using  the  period  end  exchange  rates,    shareholders’  equity  balances  using  the  weighted  average  of 
historical  exchange  rates,  and  revenues  and  expenses  using  the  monthly  average  rate  for  the  period,  with  the  resulting  exchange 
differences recognized in other comprehensive income. 

Transactions  that  are  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  the  functional  currencies  of  the  Company’s  or  its  subsidiaries'  operations  are 
translated at the rates in effect on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated to 
the applicable functional currency at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated 
at the historical exchange rate. All foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in the statement of operations, except for the translation 
gains and losses arising from available-for-sale instruments, which are recorded through other comprehensive income until realized through 
disposal or impairment.

As  at  June  30,  2018,  the  Company  concluded  that  Argentina's  economy  is  highly  inflationary.  As  a  result,  the  Company  has  remeasured  the 
financial statements of the Argentinian subsidiary in the Company's reporting currency beginning July 1, 2018.

Except as otherwise noted, all amounts in these financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars.  For the year presented, the Company used 
the following exchange rates:

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES

Canadian dollar

Euro

Argentina Peso

RMB

Swedish Krona

Indian Rupee

Year end exchange rate

Avg. for yr. ended

2020

2019

2020

2019

1.27 

0.82 

1.34 

0.89 

1.34 

0.88 

1.33 

0.89 

84.06 

43.42 

69.59 

46.74 

6.53 

8.19 

6.71 

9.27 

6.90 

9.18 

6.91 

9.45 

73.00 

69.17 

74.08 

70.40 

C. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, term deposits, banker acceptances and guaranteed investment certificates with maturities of 
ninety  days  or  less  when  acquired.  Cash  equivalents  are  considered  as  held  for  trading  and  recorded  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  fair  value 
recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2020 include restricted cash of $75 (2019 
- $2,279). Restricted cash at December 31, 2020 and 2019 is related to cash used to secure a letter of credit.

D. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
The accounts receivable balance reflects invoiced and accrued revenue and is presented net of an allowance for credit losses. The Company 
expects the majority of its accounts receivable balances to continue to come from large customers as it supplies the majority of its products and 
services through a network of distributors and OEMs and provides DOEM services. The Company establishes current expected credit losses 
("CECL")  for  pools  of  assets  with  similar  risk  characteristics  by  evaluating  historical  levels  of  credit  losses,  current  economic  conditions  that 

34  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  3. Significant Accounting Policies

may  affect  a  customer's  ability  to  pay,  and  creditworthiness  of  significant  customers.  When  specific  customers  are  identified  as  no  longer 
sharing  the  same  risk  profile  as  their  current  pool,  they  are  removed  from  the  pool  and  evaluated  separately.  The  Company,  in  the  normal 
course of business, monitors the financial condition of its customers and reviews the credit history of each new customer. When the Company 
becomes aware of a specific customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to the Company (such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or 
material  deterioration  in  the  customer's  operating  results  or  financial  position,  and  payment  experiences),  the  Company  records  a  specific 
credit  loss  provision  to  reduce  the  customer's  related  accounts  receivable  to  its  estimated  net  realizable  value.  If  circumstances  related  to 
specific customers change, the Company's estimates of the recoverability of accounts receivable balances could be further adjusted.

E. INVENTORIES
The Company’s inventories consist of the Company’s fuel system products (finished goods), work-in-progress, purchased parts and assembled 
parts. Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined based on the lower of weighted average cost or 
first-in, first-out. The cost of fuel system product inventories, assembled parts and work-in-progress includes materials, labour and production 
overhead,  including  depreciation.  The  Company  records  inventory  write-downs  based  on  an  analysis  of  excess  and  obsolete  inventories 
determined  primarily  by  future  demand  forecasts.  In  addition,  the  Company  records  a  liability  for  firm,  noncancellable,  and  unconditional 
purchase commitments with manufacturers for quantities in excess of the Company’s future demand forecast consistent with its valuation of 
excess and obsolete inventory. 

F. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is provided for as follows:

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT DEPRECIATION

Assets
Buildings

Computer equipment and software

Furniture and fixtures

Machinery and equipment

Leasehold improvements

Basis
Straight-line

Straight-line

Straight-line

Rate
10 years

3 years

5 years

Straight-line

5-10 years

Straight-line

Lease term

Depreciation expense on machinery and equipment used in the production and manufacturing process is included in cost of revenue. All other 
depreciation is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

G. LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS
The Company accounts for investments in which it has significant influence, including variable interest entities ("VIEs") for which the Company 
is not the primary beneficiary, using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the Company recognizes its share of income 
from equity accounted investees in the statement of operations with a corresponding increase in long-term investments. Any dividends paid or 
payable are credited against long-term investments. 

H. FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

Accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities,  short-term  debt  and  long-term  debt  are  measured  at  amortized  cost.  Transaction  costs  relating  to 
long-term debt are netted against long-term debt and are amortized using the effective interest rate method.

I. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and are recorded net of government funding received or receivable. 

J. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible  assets  consist  primarily  of  the  estimated  value  of  intellectual  property,  trademarks,  technology,  customer  contracts  and  non-
compete agreements acquired through acquisitions. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which range from 5 to 20 
years.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  35

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  3. Significant Accounting Policies

K. IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of 
the assets may not be recoverable. If such conditions exist, assets are considered impaired if the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash 
flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of an asset is less than its carrying amount. An impairment loss is measured at 
the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. When quoted market prices are not available, the Company uses 
the expected future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risks associated with the recovery of the asset as an estimate of fair 
value.

The Company has significant investments in property, plant and equipment related to its Westport HPDI 2.0™ business. The HPDI business is 
still  in  the  early  stages  of  commercialization,  and,  as  a  result,  is  currently  generating  losses.  Based  on  the  Company's  current  projections, 
meaningful  increases  in  component  sales,  compared  to  2020  levels,  are  expected,  allowing  the  HPDI  business  to  benefit  from  economies  of 
scale and become profitable. If these assumptions are not realized, the Company may be required to record an impairment on these assets in 
future periods.

L. GOODWILL
Goodwill is recorded at the time of purchase for the excess of the amount of the purchase price over the fair values of the identifiable assets 
acquired  and  liabilities  assumed.  Goodwill  is  not  amortized  and  instead  is  tested  at  least  annually  for  impairment,  or  more  frequently  when 
events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  goodwill  might  be  impaired.  This  impairment  test  is  performed  annually  at  December 
31.  Future  adverse  changes  in  market  conditions  or  poor  operating  results  of  underlying  assets  could  result  in  an  inability  to  recover  the 
carrying value of the goodwill, thereby possibly requiring an impairment charge. 

M. WARRANTY LIABILITY
Estimated warranty costs are recognized at the time the Company sells its products and are included in cost of revenue. The Company provides 
warranty coverage on products sold from the date the products are put into service by customers. Warranty liability represents the Company’s 
best  estimate  of  warranty  costs  expected  to  be  incurred  during  the  warranty  period.    Furthermore,  the  current  portion  of  warranty  liability 
represents the Company’s best estimate of the costs to be incurred in the next twelve-month period. The Company uses historical failure rates 
and costs to repair defective products to estimate the warranty liability. New product launches require a greater use of judgment in developing 
estimates  until  claims  experience  becomes  available.  Product  specific  experience  is  typically  available  four  or  five  quarters  after  product 
launch, with a clear experience trend not evident until eight to twelve quarters after launch. The Company records warranty expense for new 
products using historical experience from previous engine generations in the first year, a blend of actual product and historical experience in 
the second year and product specific experience thereafter. The amount payable by the Company and the timing will depend on actual failure 
rates and cost to repair failures of its products.  

N. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company generates revenues primarily from product sales. Product revenues are derived from standard product sales contracts and from 
long-term fixed price contracts. The Company recognizes revenue when a customer obtains control of the goods or services. Determining the 
timing  of  the  transfer  of  control,  at  a  point  in  time  or  over  time,  requires  judgment.  On  standard  product  sales  contracts,  revenues  are 
recognized  when  customers  obtain  control  of  the  product,  that  is  when  transfer  of  title  and  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  goods  have 
passed and when obligation to pay is considered certain. Invoices are generated and revenue is recognized at that point in time. Provisions for 
warranties are made at the time of sale. Service revenue is recognized over time as performance obligations are satisfied.

O. INCOME TAXES

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are 
determined  based  on  the  temporary  differences  between  the  accounting  basis  and  tax  basis  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  and  for  loss  carry-
forwards,  tax  credits  and  other  tax  attributes,  using  the  enacted  tax  rates  in  effect  for  the  years  in  which  the  differences  are  expected  to 
reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on the deferred income tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes 
the enactment date.  

The  Company  recognizes  deferred  income  tax  assets  to  the  extent  the  assets  are  more-likely-than-not  to  be  realized.  In  making  such  a 
determination  the  Company  considers  all  available  positive  and  negative  evidence,  including  future  reversals  of  existing  taxable  temporary 
differences,  projected  future  taxable  income,  tax-planning  strategies,  and  results  of  recent  operations.  If  it  is  determined  that,  based  on  all 
available  evidence,  it  is  more-likely-than-not  that  some  or  all  of  the  deferred  income  tax  assets  will  not  be  realized,  a  valuation  allowance  is 
provided to reduce the deferred income tax assets.

36  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  3. Significant Accounting Policies

The  Company  uses  a  two-step  process  to  recognize  and  measure  the  income  tax  benefit  of  uncertain  tax  positions  taken  or  expected  to  be 
taken in a tax return.  The tax benefit from an uncertain tax position is recognized if it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained 
upon  examination  by  a  tax  authority  based  solely  on  the  technical  merits  of  the  position.  A  tax  benefit  that  meets  the  more-likely-than-not 
recognition threshold is measured as the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the tax authority. 
To the extent a full benefit is not expected to be realized, an income tax liability is established. Any change in judgment related to the expected 
resolution of an uncertain tax position is recognized in the year of such a change.

Interest and penalties related to income taxes are included as a component of income tax expense. 

4. Accounting Changes

A. NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ADOPTED IN 2020
In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326)"  which  requires  the  measurement  and 
recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaced the former incurred loss impairment 
model  with  an  expected  loss  methodology,  which  will  result  in  more  timely  recognition  of  credit  losses.  ASU  2016-13  is  effective  for  annual 
reporting periods, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of this guidance in the first quarter 
of 2020 did not result in any material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

5. Accounts Receivable

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Customer trade receivables

Other receivables

Income tax receivable

Due from related parties (note 7(a))

Allowance for doubtful accounts

6. Inventories

INVENTORIES

Purchased parts and materials

Work-in-process

Finished goods
Total

Years Ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

81,968  $ 

62,974 

14,967 

9,092 

52 

74 

475 

272 

(6,594)   

(5,863) 

  $ 

90,467  $ 

66,950 

Years ended Dec 31

2019

2018

$ 

36,066  $ 

32,818 

3,203 

12,133 
51,402  $ 

2,854 

12,134 
47,806 

$ 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  recorded  write-downs  to  net  realizable  value  of  approximately  $507  (year  ended 
December 31, 2019 - $57).

7. Long-term Investments

LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS

Cummins Westport Inc. (a)

Weichai Westport Inc. (b)

Minda Emer Technologies Limited (1)

Other equity accounted investees

Total long-term investments

Years Ended Dec 31

2020

2019

10,866  $ 

1,824 

1,116 

148 

7,850 

1,824 

737 

176 

13,954  $ 

10,587 

$ 

$ 

(1) Effective March 4, 2021, Minda Emer Technologies Limited changed its name to Minda Westport Technologies Limited.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  7. Long-Term Investments

A. CUMMINS WESTPORT INC. ("CWI")
The  Company,  indirectly  through  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Westport  Power  Inc.,  entered  into  a  joint  venture  with  Cummins  Inc. 
("Cummins")  on  March  7,  2001.  The  joint  venture  term  is  scheduled  to  end  on  December  31,  2021,  and  can  be  terminated  under  certain 
circumstances before the end of the term, including in the event of a material breach of the agreement by, or in the event of a change of control 
of one of the parties.

On  February  19,  2012,  the  joint  venture  agreement  ("JVA")  was  amended  and  restated  to  provide  for,  among  other  things,  clarification 
concerning the scope of products within CWI. In addition, the parties revised certain economic terms of the JVA. Prior to February 19, 2012, 
the Company and Cummins shared equally in the profits and losses of CWI. Under the amended JVA, profits and losses are shared equally up to 
an established revenue baseline, then any excess profit will be allocated 75% to the Company and 25% to Cummins.

The Company has determined that CWI is a variable interest entity. Cummins and Westport each own 50% of the common shares of CWI and 
have equal representation on the Board of Directors. No one shareholder has the unilateral power to govern CWI. The Board of Directors has 
power  over  the  operating  decisions  and  to  direct  other  activities  of  CWI  that  most  significantly  impact  CWI’s  economic  performance  as  set 
forth  in  the  governing  documents.  As  decision-making  at  the  Board  of  Directors’  level  requires  unanimous  approval,  thus  power  is  shared. 
Accordingly, neither party is the primary beneficiary. The joint venture term is scheduled to end on December 31, 2021 and, as per the JVA, 
effective  from  July  1,  2019,  either  Cummins  or  the  Company  can  buy  out  the  other's  interest  based  on  contractually  defined  terms  and 
conditions.

The Company recognized its share of CWI’s income and received dividends as follows:

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

Investment income from CWI

$  23,774  $  26,586 

Dividends received

20,758 

25,045 

The  Company  has  not  historically  provided  and  does  not  intend  to  provide  financial  or  other  support  to  CWI  that  the  Company  is  not 
contractually required to provide. As at December 31, 2020, the Company has a related party accounts receivable balance of $74 (2019 - $272) 
due from CWI. During the year ended December 31, 2020, total expense recoveries from CWI were $1,611 (2019 - $1,903).

The carrying amount and maximum exposure to losses relating to CWI were as follows:

Equity method investment in CWI

Accounts receivable due from CWI

Assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of CWI, are as follows:

CWI ASSETS & LIABILITIES

Balance at Dec 31

2020

2019

Carrying
amount

Maximum 
exposure to loss

Carrying
amount

Maximum 
exposure to loss

$ 

10,866  $ 

10,866  $ 

7,850  $ 

74 

74 

272 

7,850 

272 

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

Current assets:

Long-term assets:

Total assets
Current liabilities:

Long-term liabilities:

Total liabilities

Cash and short-term investments
Accounts receivable
Property, plant and equipment
Deferred income tax assets

Current portion of warranty liability
Current portion of deferred revenue
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Warranty liability
Deferred revenue
Other long-term liabilities

38  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

5,681 
605 
21,651 

$  94,984  $  90,296 
1,363 
844 
21,322 
$  122,921  $  113,825 
$  19,485  $  19,816 
16,678 
3,858 
40,352 
30,463 
23,667 
3,631 
57,761 
$  101,178  $  98,113 

13,628 
5,557 
38,670 
34,737 
23,802 
3,969 
62,508 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CWI REVENUE AND EXPENSES

Product revenue

Parts revenue

Cost of revenue and expenses:

Cost of product and parts revenue

Research and development

General and administrative

Sales and marketing

Income from operations

Interest and investment income

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense (recovery):

Current

Deferred

Income for the year

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  7. Long-Term Investments

Years ended Dec 31

2020
219,141 
104,339 

323,480 

2019
246,503 
115,267 

361,770 

236,154 

257,717 

12,185 

1,650 

12,567 

15,933 

1,743 

17,950 

262,556 

293,343 

60,924 

1,074 

61,998 

14,779 

(329)   

14,450 

$ 

47,548  $ 

68,427 

2,421 

70,848 

16,102 

1,575 
17,677 

53,171 

B. WEICHAI WESTPORT INC. ("WWI")
The  Company,  indirectly  through  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Westport  Innovations  (Hong  Kong)  Limited  (“Westport  HK”),  is  currently  the 
registered  holder  of  a  23.33%  equity  interest  in  WWI.  In  April  2016,  the  Company  sold  to  Cartesian  entities  a  derivative  economic  interest 
granting it the right to receive an amount of future income received by Westport HK from WWI equivalent to having an 18.78% equity interest 
in WWI and concurrently granted a Cartesian entity an option to acquire all of the equity securities of Westport HK for a nominal amount.  The 
Company retained the right to transfer any equity interest held by Westport HK in WWI that was in excess of an 18.78% interest in the event 
that such option was exercised. As a result of such transactions, the Company’s residual 23.33% equity interest in WWI currently corresponds 
to an economic interest in WWI equivalent to just 4.55%.

Cartesian is a global private equity firm based in New York that has investments in the Company. Various Cartesian entities are associated with 
these investments including Pangaea Two Management, LP; Pangaea Two Acquisition Holdings XIV, LLC, Pangaea Two Acquisition Holdings 
Parallel XIV, LLC. In addition, Peter Yu, the founder and managing partner of Cartesian, was elected as a Director of the Company in January 
2016 and resigned as a Director of the Company in July 2020. See notes 14(b) and 15 for additional details of Cartesian’s investments in the 
Company.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  8.  Property, Plant and Equipment

8. Property, Plant & Equipment

PROPERTY, PLANT & EQUIPMENT

December 31, 2020
Land and buildings
Computer equipment and software
Furniture and fixtures
Machinery and equipment
Leasehold improvements
Total 2020
December 31, 2019
Land and buildings
Computer equipment and software
Furniture and fixtures
Machinery and equipment
Leasehold improvements
Total 2019

Cost

Accumulated
depreciation

book
value

$  5,303  $ 
7,045 
4,968 
  102,834 
  12,479 
$ 132,629  $ 

$  4,764  $ 
5,601 
4,213 
  91,926 
  11,463 
$ 117,967  $ 

1,701  $  3,602 
  1,475 
5,570 
820 
4,148 
  48,447 
54,387 
  3,163 
9,316 
75,122  $ 57,507 

1,565  $  3,199 
  1,080 
4,521 
498 
3,715 
  50,151 
41,775 
  3,928 
7,535 
59,111  $ 58,856 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, an impairment charge of $479 was recorded related to property, plant and equipment (December 
31, 2019 - nil). 

Total depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $12,288 (year ended December 31, 2019 - $13,409). The amount of 
depreciation expense included in cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $7,795 (year ended December 31, 2019 - $8,562).

9. Intangible Assets

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

December 31, 2020

Patents and trademarks 

Technology 

Customer contracts

Other intangibles

Total 2020

December 31, 2019

Patents and trademarks 

Technology 

Customer contracts

Other intangibles
Total 2019

Cost

Accumulated 
depreciation

Net 
book value

$  21,763  $ 

11,513  $ 

10,250 

6,040 

13,234 

477 

5,613 

12,283 

321 

427 

951 

156 

$  41,514  $ 

29,730  $ 

11,784 

$  20,386  $ 

9,333  $ 

11,053 

5,457 

12,150 

328 

$  38,321  $ 

4,917 

10,668 

328 
25,246  $ 

540 

1,482 

— 
13,075 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded an impairment charge of nil (year ended December 31, 2019 - $688). 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  amortization  of  $1,746  (year  ended  December  31,  2019  -  $2,931)  was  recognized  in  the 
consolidated statement of operations. 

10. Goodwill
A continuity of goodwill is as follows:

GOODWILL

Balance, beginning of year
Impact of foreign exchange changes
Balance, end of year

40  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

3,110  $ 
287 
3,397  $ 

3,170 
(60) 
3,110 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill  of  $3,397  as  at  December  31,  2020,  and  $3,110  as  at  December  31,  2019,  relates  to  the  acquisition  of  Prins  Autogassystemen 
Holding  B.V.  in  2014.  The  Company  completed  its  annual  assessment  of  impairment  and  concluded  that  the  remaining  goodwill  of  $3,397 
related to the IAM business segment was not impaired as at December 31, 2020.

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  11. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

11. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

ACCOUNTS PAYABLE & ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Trade accounts payable
Accrued payroll
Accrued interest
Due to related parties
Taxes payable
Deferred revenue
Other payables

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$  57,307  $  60,170 
  15,906 
1,568 
794 
3,497 
2,717 
1,528 
$  84,599  $  86,180 

14,737 
137 
— 
3,905 
8,008 
505 

12. Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets

The Company has entered into various non-cancellable operating lease agreements primarily for its manufacturing facilities and offices. The 
Company's leases have lease terms expiring between 2020 and 2029. Many leases include one or more options to renew. The Company does 
not assume renewals in its determination of the lease term unless the renewals are deemed to be reasonably assured at lease commencement. 
The average remaining lease term is approximately four years and the present value of the outstanding operating lease liability was determined 
applying a weighted average discount rate of 3.0% based on incremental borrowing rates applicable in each location.

The components of lease cost are as follows:

Operating Lease Cost

Amortization of right-of-use assets
Interest
Total lease cost

The maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2020 are as follows: 

$ 

$ 

Operating Lease Cost
2021

2022

2023

2024
2025

Thereafter

Total undiscounted cash flows

Less: imputed interest

Present value of operating lease liabilities

Less: current portion

Long term operating lease liabilities

13. Short-Term Debt

Short-Term Debt

Revolving financing facility (a)

Credit facility (b)

Total short-term debt

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

3,874  $ 
813 
4,687  $ 

3,513 
973 
4,486 

4,476 

4,291 

3,178 

2,570 
2,034 

15,919 

32,468 

(4,506) 

27,962 

(4,476) 
23,486 

2020

2019

$  17,428  $ 

3,625 

6,017 

— 

$  23,445  $ 

3,625 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  13. Short-Term Debt

The 2019 comparative figures have been revised to conform with current year presentation.

(a) 
The  Company  has  a  revolving  financing  facility  with  HSBC.  This  facility  is  secured  by  certain  receivables  of  the  Company  and  the 
maximum  draw  amount  is  $20,000,  based  on  the  receivables  outstanding.  As  the  Company  collects  these  secured  receivables,  the  facility  is 
repaid. The interest rate for this facility is the LIBOR rate plus 2.5%.

(b) 
On  July  23,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  a  one-year  $10,000  non-revolving  term  credit  facility  with  EDC  to  provide  working 
capital support in response to short-term liquidity shortfalls as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This credit facility's interest rate is the U.S. 
Prime Rate plus 3.0% per annum on amounts drawn and has no prepayment penalty or standby charge. As at December 31, 2020, the Company 
has drawn $6,000 on this facility. On February 16, 2021, the Company and EDC amended the credit facility availability period to February 16, 
2021 and the Company will not draw any additional funds from this facility.

14. Long-Term Debt

LONG-TERM DEBT

Term loan facilities, net of debt issuance costs (a)

Convertible debt (b)

Senior financing (c)

Other bank financing (d)

Capital lease obligations (e)

Balance, end of period

Current portion

Long-term portion

Years Ended Dec 31

2020

2019

53,731 

4,362 

— 

1,325 

2,535 

22,207 

17,431 

2,504 

1,480 

1,632 

$ 

61,953  $ 

45,254 

(16,302)   

(9,942) 

$ 

45,651  $ 

35,312 

On  December  20,  2017,  the  Company  entered  into  a  loan  agreement  with  EDC  for  a  $20,000  non-revolving  term  facility.  The 
(a)   
Company incurred debt issuance costs of $1,013 related to this loan, which are being amortized over the loan term using the effective interest 
rate method. The loan bears interest at 6% (prior to March 1, 2019, 9% plus monitoring fees), payable quarterly, as well as quarterly principal 
repayments. On March 23, 2020, the Company and EDC amended the terms of the secured term loan to defer $6,000 in principal payments in 
2020, to recommence payment of $2,000 quarterly starting March 15, 2021 and to extend the term of the loan until September 30, 2022. As at 
December 31, 2020 the amount outstanding for this loan was $13,618, net of issuance costs, compared to $13,269, net of issuance costs, as at 
December  31,  2019.  The  loan  is  secured  by  share  pledges  over  Westport  Power,  Inc.,  Fuel  Systems  Solutions,  Inc.,  Westport  Luxembourg 
S.a.r.l and MTM and by certain of the Company's property, plant and equipment.

On October 9, 2018, the Company entered into a Euro denominated loan agreement with UniCredit. This loan bears interest at an annual rate 
of 2.3% and interest is paid quarterly. This loan matures on December 31, 2023. As at December 31, 2020, the amount outstanding for this loan 
was  $4,561  compared  to  $5,569  as  at  December  31,  2019,  and  was  secured  by  a  cash  pledge  of  $1,356,  with  these  restricted  funds  being 
recorded in other long-term assets. 

On November 28, 2019, the Company entered into a second Euro denominated loan agreement with UniCredit. This loan bears interest at an 
annual rate of 1.8% and interest is paid quarterly. This loan matures on September 30, 2023. As at December 31, 2020, the amount outstanding 
for this loan was $2,685 compared to $3,369 as at December 31, 2019, and is secured by a cash pledge of $821, with these restricted funds also 
being recorded in other long-term assets.

On May 20, 2020, the Company entered into a third Euro denominated loan agreement with UniCredit. The effective interest rate of this loan is 
1.82% with a maturity date of May 31, 2025. As at December 31, 2020, the amount outstanding for this loan was $5,558. There is no security 
on the loan as it was made as part of the Italian government's COVID-19 Decreto Liquidità.

On July 17, 2020, the Company entered into a fourth Euro denominated loan agreement with UniCredit. The effective interest rate of this loan 
is  1.75%  with  a  maturity  date  of  July  31,  2026.  As  at  December  31,  2020,  the  amount  outstanding  for  this  loan  was  $18,650.  There  is  no 
security on the loan as it was made as part of the Italian government’s COVID-19 Decreto Liquidità.

42  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  14. Long-term Debt

On August 11, 2020, the Company entered into a Euro denominated loan agreement with Deutsche Bank. The effective interest rate of this 
loan is 1.7% with a maturity date of August 31, 2026. As at December 31, 2020, the amount outstanding for this loan was $8,659. There is no 
security on the loan as it was made as part of the Italian government’s COVID-19 Decreto Liquidità.

(b) 
On  January  11,  2016,  the  Company  entered  into  a  financing  agreement  ("Tranche  2  Financing")  with  Cartesian.  As  part  of  the 
agreement,  on  June  1,  2016,  convertible  debt  was  issued  in  exchange  for  9.0%  convertible  unsecured  notes  due  June  1,  2021,  which  are 
convertible into common shares of the Company in whole or in part, at Cartesian's option, at any time following the twelve month anniversary 
of the closing at a conversion price of $2.17 per share. Interest is payable annually in arrears on December 31 of each year during the term. On 
July 24, 2020, Westport restructured the Tranche 2 Financing agreement and entered into a new financing agreement with Cartesian. Under 
the terms of the agreement, the Company agreed to pay down the principal amount of the existing convertible notes from $17,500 to $10,000. 
Concurrent with such repayment, the maturity of the remaining amended notes was extended three years to July 31, 2023, the coupon rate 
was reduced from 9.0% annually to 6.5% annually, and the conversion price was revised from $2.17 per share to $1.42 per share. As of July 30, 
2020, Peter Yu, founder and managing partner of Cartesian, resigned his seat on the Board of Directors of the Company.

During the fourth quarter of 2020, Cartesian exercised its option to convert principal amounts of $5,000, plus accrued but unpaid interest on 
such principal amounts, into common shares of the Company (note 17).

On January 21, 2021, Cartesian exercised its option to convert a principal amount of $2,500, plus accrued and unpaid interest on such principal 
amount, into 1,815,117 common shares of the Company.

(c)  

The senior financing facility was repaid on September 30, 2020.

Other bank financing consists of various secured and unsecured bank financing arrangements that carry rates of interest ranging from 
(d) 
0.75%  to  3.8%  and  have  various  maturities  out  to  2022.  Security  includes  a  building  owned  by  the  Company  in  the  Netherlands  and  certain 
accounts receivable. 

(e)  

The Company has capital lease obligations that have terms of three to five years at interest rates ranging from 2.3% to 12.0%. 

Throughout  the  term  of  certain  of  these  financing  arrangements,  the  Company  is  required  to  meet  certain  financial  and  non-financial 
covenants. As of December 31, 2020, the Company is in compliance with all covenants under the financing arrangements.

The principal repayment schedule of long-term debt is as follows as at December 31, 2020: 

LONG-TERM DEBT REPAYMENT SCHEDULE

Term loan facilities

Convertible debt

Other bank 
financing

Capital lease 
obligations

Total

2021  

2022  

2023  

2024  

2025 and thereafter  

14,703 

14,847 

8,828 

6,625 

8,728 

— 

— 

4,362 

— 

— 

774 

368 

183 

— 

— 

825 

628 

488 

403 

191 

$ 

53,731  $ 

4,362  $ 

1,325  $ 

2,535  $ 

16,302 

15,843 

13,861 

7,028 

8,919 

61,953 

15. Long-term Royalty Payable
LONG TERM ROYALTY PAYABLE SCHEDULE

Balance, beginning of year

Accretion expense

Repayment

Balance, end of year

Current portion

Long-term portion

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

18,258  $ 

3,732 

(5,948)   

16,042 

(7,451)   

$ 

8,591  $ 

20,935 

3,357 

(6,034) 

18,258 

(5,936) 

12,322 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  15. Long-term Royalty Payable

On January 11, 2016, the Company entered into a financing agreement with Cartesian to support the Company's global growth initiatives. The 
financing  agreement  immediately  provided  $17,500  in  cash  (the  “Tranche  1  Financing”).  In  consideration  for  the  funds  provided  to  the 
Company,  Cartesian  is  entitled  to  royalty  payments  based  on  the  greater  of  (i)  a  percentage  of  amounts  received  by  the  Company  on  select 
HPDI systems and CWI joint venture income through 2025 and (ii) stated fixed amounts per annum subject to adjustment for asset sales. The 
carrying value is being accreted to the expected redemption value using the effective interest method, which is approximately 23% per annum. 
Amounts due to Cartesian are secured by an interest in the Company's HPDI intellectual property and a priority interest in the Company's CWI 
joint venture interest.

In  January  2017,  the  Company  and  Cartesian  signed  a  Consent  Agreement  which  allows  the  Company  to  sell  certain  assets  in  exchange  for 
prepayment of the Cartesian royalty. Cartesian is paid 15% of the net proceeds from these asset sales to a maximum of $15,000, with these 
payments being allocated on a non-discounted basis to future years' minimum payments. 

As of December 31, 2020, the total royalty prepayments paid to Cartesian as a result of the Consent Agreement was $11,912.

The minimum repayments including interest are as follows, for the years ending December 31:

MINIMUM REPAYMENTS INCLUDING INTEREST

For years ending
Dec 31

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

7,451 

5,657 

1,795 

1,637 

2,270 

2.851 

21,661 

$ 

44  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Warranty Liability

A continuity of the warranty liability is as follows:

WARRANTY LIABILITY

Balance, beginning of year

Warranty claims

Warranty accruals

Change in estimate

Impact of foreign exchange changes

Balance, end of year

Less: Current portion

Long-term portion

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  16. Warranty Liability

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

8,901  $ 

(6,906)   

16,191 

(291)   

1,041 

18,936 

(10,749)   

$ 

8,187  $ 

4,941 

(1,863) 

6,794 

(481) 

(490) 

8,901 

(4,505) 

4,396 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  recorded  a  $11,224  warranty  accrual  related  to  a  field  service  campaign  for  the 
replacement of a pressure release device that the Company manufactures and sells to OEM customers. No safety events or field performance 
issues  have  been  identified  from  this  product.  The  Company  recorded  an  insurance  recovery  of  $8,865  related  to  this  issue  during  the  year 
ended December 31, 2020, including $3,521 in other receivables and $5,344 as an other long-term asset .

17. Share Capital, Stock Options & Other Stock-based Plans

On  November  9,  2020,  the  Company  filed  a  prospectus  supplement  to  establish  an  ATM  Program  which  allows  the  Company  to  issue  up  to 
$50,000 of common shares from treasury to the public from time to time, at the Company's discretion and subject to regulatory requirements. 
During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  issued  3,215,970  common  shares  at  a  weighted  average  share  price  of  $4.47  per 
share for gross proceeds of $14,376. Transaction costs of $472, including commission of $288, were incurred resulting in net proceeds from the 
ATM Program equity issuance of $13,904.

Subsequent  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  issued  an  additional  1,819,712  common  share  at  weighted  average  share 
price  of  $7.26  per  share  for  gross  proceeds  of  $13,211,  net  of  total  transaction  cost  of  $405,  including  commission  of  $264  resulting  in  net 
proceeds of $12,806.

In November and December 2020, Cartesian converted a total of $5,000 principal, plus accrued interest, of the convertible debt (note 14(b)) 
into 3,607,468 common shares at $1.42 per share. 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company issued 829,553 common shares upon exercises of share units (year ended December 
31, 2019 – 3,036,082 common shares). The Company issues shares from treasury to satisfy share unit exercises.  

(a) 

Share Units ("Units"):

The value assigned to issued Units and the amounts accrued are recorded as other equity instruments. As Units are exercised or vested and the 
underlying shares are issued from treasury of the Company, the value is reclassified to share capital.

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  recognized  $2,368  (year  ended  December  31,  2019  -  $1,474)  of  stock-based 
compensation associated with the Westport Omnibus Plan.

A continuity of the Units issued under the Westport Omnibus Plan are as follows:

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  17. Share Capital, Stock Options & Other Stock-based Plans

UNIT ISSUED SUMMARY

Outstanding, beginning of year

Granted

Vested and exercised

Forfeited/expired

Outstanding, end of year

Units outstanding and exercisable, end of year

WAEP = weighted average exercise price (C$)

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

#

WAEP

#

WAEP

  1,777,941  $  3.19 

  2,667,403  $  4.41 

525,807 

  2.09 

  1,877,101 

  3.08 

(829,553)    2.31 

  (2,622,338)    3.81 

(21,817)    3.37 

(144,225)    2.86 

  1,452,378  $  3.29 

  1,777,941  $  3.19 

22,588  $  5.69 

14,450  $  2.41 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, 525,807 share units were granted to directors, executives and employees (2019 - 1,877,101). This 
included 504,907 Restricted Share Units ("RSUs") (2019 - 971,051) and 20,900 Performance Share Units ("PSUs") (2019 - 906,050). Values of 
RSU awards are generally determined based on the fair market value of the underlying common shares on the date of grant. RSUs typically vest 
over a three-year period so the actual value received by the individual depends on the share price on the day such RSUs are settled for common 
shares, not the date of grant. PSU awards do not have a certain number of common shares that will be issued over time, but are based on future 
performance and other conditions tied to the payout of the PSU.  

As  at  December  31,  2020,  $4,303  of  compensation  expense  related  to  Units  has  yet  to  be  recognized  in  results  from  operations  and  will  be 
recognized ratably over two years. 

(b) 

Aggregate intrinsic values:

The aggregate intrinsic value of the Company’s share units at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:

AGGREGATE INTRINSIC VALUES  OF SHARE UNITS

(values in CDN$)

Share units:

Outstanding

Exercisable

(c) 

Stock-based compensation:

Stock-based compensation associated with the Unit plans is included in operating expenses as follows:

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Cost of revenue

Research and development

General and administrative

Sales and marketing

Total

18. Income Taxes

Years ended 
Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 9,787  $  5,458 

  153 

44 

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

140  $ 

365  $ 

1,621 

242 

— 

157 

1,111 

206 

$ 

2,368  $ 

1,474 

The Company’s income tax provision differs from that calculated by applying the combined enacted Canadian federal and provincial 

(a) 
statutory income tax rate of 27% for the year ended December 31, 2020 (year ended December 31, 2019 – 27%) as follows:

46  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  18. Income Taxes

INCOME TAX PROVISION

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
Expected income tax expense (recovery)
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:

Non-deductible stock-based compensation
Other permanent differences
Withholding taxes and other foreign taxes
Change in enacted tax rates
Foreign tax rate differences, foreign exchange and other adjustments
Non-taxable income from equity investment
Change in valuation allowance

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

(5,928)  $ 

(1,601)   

244 

3,819 

804 

(189)   

(1,177)   

(6,418)   

5,949 

Income tax expense

$ 

1,431  $ 

The significant components of the deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

DEFERRED INCOME TAX ASSETS & LIABILITIES

2,148 

580 

264 

15 

1,017 

34 

271 

(6,416) 

6,195 

1,960 

Deferred income tax assets:

Net loss carry forwards

Intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Warranty liability

Foreign tax credits

Inventory

Research and development

Other

Total gross deferred income tax assets

Valuation allowance

Total deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities:

Intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Other

Total deferred income tax liabilities

Total net deferred income tax liabilities

Years Ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$  218,323  $  211,738 

4,629 

4,008 

17,155 

15,518 

4,752 

620 

1,631 

6,316 

3,342 

620 

2,306 

6,107 

10,592 

13,618 

  264,018 

  257,257 

(261,878)   

(255,328) 

2,140 

1,929 

(430)   

(1,756) 

(22)   

(61) 

(2,798)   

(2,628) 

(3,250)   

(4,445) 

$ 

(1,110)  $ 

(2,516) 

The valuation allowance is reviewed on a quarterly basis to determine if, based on all available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not that some or 
all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent on the generation 
of sufficient taxable income during the future periods in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse. If the evidence does not 
exist that the deferred income tax assets will be fully realized, a valuation allowance has been provided.

The deferred income tax assets have been reduced by the uncertain tax position presented in note 18(f).

(c)  

The components of the Company’s income tax expense (recovery) are as follows:

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  18. Income Taxes

INCOME TAX EXPENSE (RECOVERY)

Year ended December 31, 2020 

Italy

United States

Canada

Other

Year ended December 31, 2019

Italy

United States

Canada

Other

Net income 
(loss) before 
income 
taxes

Current Deferred

Total

$ 

5,244 

  2,007 

(1,146)  $ 

861 

$ 

$ 

21,400 

(274)   

(31,429)   

(1,143)   

80 

625 

— 

— 

139 

(274) 

80 

764 

(5,928)  $  2,438  $  (1,007)  $  1,431 

26,645 

  2,260 

(1,647)  $ 

613 

16,174 

(28,160)   

13 

— 

— 

— 

13 

— 

(12,511)    1,334 

— 

  1,334 

$ 

2,148  $  3,607  $  (1,647)  $  1,960 

(d) 

The Company has loss carry-forwards in the various tax jurisdictions available to offset future taxable income as follows:

LOSS CARRY-FORWARDS

Canada
Italy
United States
Sweden
Other
Total

Expiring in:

2021

2022

2023

2024+

Total

$ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 599,723  $ 599,723 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

395 

395 

  105,592 

  105,592 

  14,672 

  14,672 

  3,645 

3,858 

1,614 

  10,160 

  19,277 

$  3,645  $  3,858  $  1,614  $ 730,542  $ 739,659 

Certain tax attributes are subject to an annual limitation as a result of the acquisition of Fuel Systems which constitutes a change of ownership 
as defined under Internal Revenue Code Section 382.

The Company has not recognized a deferred income tax liability for certain undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries which are 

(e) 
essentially investments in those foreign subsidiaries and are permanent in duration.

(f) 
The  Company  records  uncertain  tax  positions  in  accordance  with  ASC  No.  740,  Income  Taxes.  As  at  December  31,  2020,  the  total 
amount of the Company’s uncertain tax benefits was $3,852 (year ended December 31, 2019 - $3,652).  If recognized in future periods, the 
uncertain tax benefits would affect our effective tax rate.  The Company files income tax returns in Canada, the U.S., Italy, and various other 
foreign jurisdictions. All taxation years remain open to examination by the Canada Revenue Agency, the 2017 to 2020 taxation years remain 
open to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and the 2015 to 2020 taxation years remain open to examination by the Italian Revenue 
Agency, and various years remain open in the other foreign jurisdictions.

19. Related Party Transactions

The Company's related parties are CWI, directors, officers and shareholders which own greater than 10% of the Company's shares. 

(a) 
Pursuant to the amended and restated JVA, Westport engages in transactions with CWI (see note 7(a)). Amounts receivable relate to 
costs incurred by the Company on behalf of CWI. The amounts are generally reimbursed by CWI to the Company in the month following the 
month in which the payable is incurred. 

(b) 

Other transactions with related parties: 

Peter  Yu,  founder  and  managing  partner  of  Cartesian,  was  appointed  as  a  Director  of  the  Company  in  January  2016  in  connection  with  the 
Investment Agreement entered into with Cartesian in January 2016. As a consequence, the convertible debt (note 14(b)) and royalty payable 
(note  15),  amounts  due  to  Cartesian  were  considered  as  related  party  balances.  As  of  July  30,  2020,  Peter  Yu  resigned  and  ceased  to  be  a 
related party to the Company.

48  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  20. Commitments and  Contingencies

20. Commitments and Contingencies

(a) 

 Contractual commitments

The Company is a party to a variety of agreements in the ordinary course of business under which it is obligated to indemnify a third party with 
respect to certain matters. Typically, these obligations arise as a result of contracts for sale of the Company’s product to customers where the 
Company  provides  indemnification  against  losses  arising  from  matters  such  as  product  liabilities.  The  potential  impact  on  the  Company’s 
financial results is not subject to reasonable estimation because considerable uncertainty exists as to whether claims will be made and the final 
outcome of potential claims. To date, the Company has not incurred significant costs related to these types of indemnifications.

(b)  

Contingencies

The Company is engaged in certain legal actions and tax audits in the ordinary course of business and believes that, based on the information 
currently available, the ultimate outcome of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our operating results, liquidity or financial 
position.

21. Segment Information

Effective  January  2020,  the  Company  modified  the  reporting  of  business  segments  to  allow  for  increased  transparency  into  the  Company's 
customer channels and the respective products the Company sells to those customers. Accordingly, from that date, all product information and 
other technology related activities previously reported under the Transportation segment have been disaggregated into two segments, OEM 
and  IAM.  All  comparative  figures  presented  have  been  revised  to  reflect  this  change.  Under  this  organizational  structure,  the  Company 
manages  and  reports  the  results  of  its  business  through  four  segments:  OEM,  IAM,  the  CWI  Joint  Venture,  and  Corporate.  This  reflects  the 
manner  in  which  operating  decisions  and  assessing  business  performance  is  currently  managed  by  the  Chief  Operating  Decision  Maker 
("CODM").  The  financial  information  for  the  business  segments  evaluated  by  the  CODM  includes  the  results  of  CWI  as  if  they  were 
consolidated, which is consistent with the way the Company manages its business segments. As CWI is accounted for under the equity method 
of accounting, an adjustment is reflected in the tables below to reconcile the segment measures to the Company’s consolidated matters.

The 2019 comparative figures have been revised to reflect the change in business segments.

Financial information by business segment as follows:

Year ended December 31, 2020

Revenue

Operating 
income (loss)

Depreciation & 
amortization

Equity income

$ 

149,632  $ 

(21,214)  $ 

8,225  $ 

OEM

IAM

Corporate

CWI - 50%

Total segment

Less: CWI - 50%

Total consolidated

OEM

IAM

Corporate

CWI - 50%

Total segment

Less: CWI - 50%

Total consolidated

Discontinued operations

102,865 

— 

161,740 

414,237 

(161,740)   

$ 

252,497  $ 

Year ended December 31, 2019

6,624 

(7,399)   

30,462 

8,473 

(30,462)   

(21,989)  $ 

14,034  $ 

24,047 

5,562 

247 

120 

14,154 

(120)   

6,605 

225 

45 

16,385 

(45)   

273 

— 

23,774 

— 

24,047 

— 

155 

— 

26,586 

— 

26,741 

— 

16,340  $ 

26,741 

—  $ 

— 

Revenue

Operating 
income (loss)

Depreciation & 
amortization

Equity income

$ 

164,692  $ 

(12,746)  $ 

9,510  $ 

140,646 

— 

180,885 

486,223 

(180,885)   

305,338  $ 

—  $ 

11,882 

(20,529)   

34,214 

12,821 

(34,214)   

(21,393)  $ 

(147)  $ 

$ 

$ 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  21. Segment Information

ADDITIONS TO LONG-LIVED ASSETS

Total additions to long-lived assets, excluding business combinations:

OEM

IAM

Corporate

CWI - 50%

Total segment

Less: CWI - 50%

Total consolidated

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

2,477  $ 

3,403 

1,243 

— 

2,868 

5,386 

606 

— 

7,123 

8,860 

— 

— 

$ 

7,123  $ 

8,860 

It is impracticable for the Company to provide geographical revenue information by individual countries; however, it is practicable to provide it 
by geographical regions. Product and service and other revenues are attributable to geographical regions based on location of the Company’s 
customers and presented as a percentage of the Company’s product and service revenues are as follows:

REVENUE BY REGION

Europe

Americas

Asia

Others

% of total revenue, years 
ended Dec 31

2020

2019

 70  %

 13  %

 9  %

 8  %

 68  %

 17  %

 8  %

 7  %

During the year ended December 31, 2020, total revenue of $51,580 (2019 - $33,947), or 20% (2019 - 11%) of total revenue, was generated 
from our HPDI OEM launch partner.

As at December 31, 2020, total goodwill of $3,397 (December 31, 2019 - $3,110) was allocated to the OEM segment. 

As at December 31, 2020, total long-term investments of $12,838 (December 31, 2019 - $9,850) were allocated to the Corporate segment and 
$1,116 (December 31, 2019 - $737) to the OEM segment. 

Total assets are allocated as follows: 

TOTAL ASSETS BY OPERATING SEGMENT

OEM

IAM

Corporate

CWI - 50%

Total segment assets

Less: CWI - 50%

Total consolidated assets

Years ended Dec 31

2020

2019

$ 

148,959  $ 

132,179 

156,967 

119,769 

40,337 

61,461 

27,978 

56,913 

407,724 

336,839 

(61,461)   

(56,913) 

$ 

346,263  $ 

279,926 

The Company’s long-lived assets consist of property, plant and equipment (fixed assets), intangible assets and goodwill.

Long-lived assets information by geographic area:

50  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LONG-LIVED ASSETS BY REGION

December 31, 2020

Italy

Canada

United States

Rest of Europe

Asia Pacific

Less: equity investees' long lived assets

Total consolidated long-lived assets

December 31, 2019

Italy

Canada

United States

Rest of Europe

Asia Pacific

Less: equity investee long lived assets

Total consolidated long-lived assets

22. Financial Instruments

(a) 

Financial risk management:

Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  22. Financial Instruments

Property, 
plant and 
equipment

Intangible 
Assets and 
Goodwill

Total

$ 

24,490  $ 

11,613  $ 36,103 

28,557 

719 

3,713 

633 

58,112 

(605)   

171 

  28,728 

— 

719 

3,397 

  7,110 

— 

633 

15,181 

  73,293 

— 

(605) 

$ 

$ 

57,507  $ 

15,181  $ 72,688 

22,534  $ 

12,883  $ 35,417 

31,909 

951 

3,423 

883 

59,700 

(844)   

192 

  32,101 

— 

951 

3,110 

  6,533 

— 

883 

16,185 

  75,885 

— 

(844) 

$ 

58,856  $ 

16,185  $ 75,041 

The Company has exposure to liquidity risk, credit risk, foreign currency risk and interest rate risk.

(b) 

Liquidity risk:

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they are due. The Company has a history of losses 
and negative cash flows from operations since inception. At December 31, 2020, the Company has $64,262 of cash, cash equivalents and short-
term investments, including of $75 restricted cash (see note 3(c)).

The following are the contractual maturities of financial obligations as at December 31, 2020:

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Carrying amount Contractual cash flows

< 1

1–3

4–5

5+

Years

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

$ 

84,599  $ 

84,599  $ 

84,599  $ 

Short-term debt (note 13)

Term loan facilities (note 14(a))

Senior revolving financing (note 13(b))

Convertible debt (note 14(b))

Other bank financing (note 14(d))

Capital lease obligations (note 14(e))

Long-term royalty payable (note 15)

Operating lease commitments (note 12)

(c) 

Credit risk:

23,445 

53,731 

— 

4,362 

1,325 

2,535 

16,042 

27,962 

23,445 

56,445 

— 

5,836 

1,325 

2,610 

21,661 

32,468 

23,445 

16,014 

— 

324 

774 

870 

7,451 

4,476 

—  $ 

— 

—  $ 

— 

— 

— 

24,866 

12,860 

2,705 

— 

5,512 

551 

1,152 

7,452 

7,469 

— 

— 

— 

588 

3,907 

4,604 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,851 

15,919 

21,475 

$ 

214,001  $ 

228,389  $ 

137,953  $ 

47,002  $ 

21,959  $ 

Credit risk arises from the potential that a counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations and arises principally 
from the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. The Company manages credit risk associated 

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statements  |  Notes  |  22. Financial Instruments

with  cash  and  cash  equivalents  by  regularly  investing  primarily  in  liquid  short-term  paper  issued  by  major  banks.  The  Company  monitors  its 
portfolio and its policy is to diversify its investments to manage this potential risk.

The Company is also exposed to credit risk with respect to uncertainties as to timing and amount of collectability of accounts receivable and 
other receivables. As at December 31, 2020, 84% (December 31, 2019 - 85%) of accounts receivable relates to customer receivables, and 16% 
(December 31, 2019 - 15%) relates to amounts due from related parties and income tax authorities for value added taxes and other tax related 
refunds.  In  order  to  minimize  the  risk  of  loss  for  customer  receivables,  the  Company’s  extension  of  credit  to  customers  involves  review  and 
approval by senior management as well as progress payments as contracts are executed. Most sales are invoiced with payment terms in the 
range of 30 days to 90 days. Refer to note 3(d) for the Company's policy with respect to an allowance for doubtful receivables.

(d) 

Foreign currency risk:

Foreign  currency  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  of  future  cash  flows  of  financial  instruments  will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  foreign 
currency exchange rates. The Company conducts a significant portion of its business activities in foreign currencies, primarily the U.S. dollar 
and the Euro. We are subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk to the extent that our costs are denominated in currencies other than those 
in which we earn revenues. In addition, since our consolidated financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars, changes in foreign currency 
exchange  rates  between  the  U.S.  dollar  and  other  currencies  have  had,  and  will  continue  to  have,  an  impact  on  our  results  of  operations, 
financial condition and cash flows. 

Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and long-term debt that are denominated in foreign 
currencies  will  be  affected  by  changes  in  the  exchange  rate  between  the  Canadian  dollar  and  these  foreign  currencies.  The  Company’s 
functional currency is the Canadian dollar.

The  fluctuation  in  the  average  U.S.  dollar  in  recent  years  has  resulted  in  material  impacts  on  our  revenues  in  those  years.  If  the  U.S.  dollar 
continues to fluctuate against other currencies, we will experience additional volatility in our financial statements.

A 5% increase/decrease in the relative value of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar and Euro compared to the exchange rates in effect for 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  would  have  resulted  in  lower/higher  income  from  operations  of  approximately  $1,001.  This  assumes  a 
consistent 5% appreciation in the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar and the Euro throughout the fiscal year. The timing of changes in the 
relative  value  of  the  U.S.  dollar  can  affect  the  magnitude  of  the  impact  that  fluctuations  in  foreign  exchange  rates  have  on  our  income  from 
operations.

(e) 

Interest rate risk:

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest 
rates. The Company is subject to interest rate risk on certain short-term and long-term debt with variable rates of interest. The Company limits 
its  exposure  to  interest  rate  risk  by  continually  monitoring  and  adjusting  portfolio  duration  to  align  to  forecasted  cash  requirements  and 
anticipated changes in interest rates. 

If interest rates for the year ended December 31, 2020 had increased or decreased by 50 basis points, with all other variables held constant, net 
loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 would have increased or decreased by $307.

(f) 

Fair value of financial instruments:

The  carrying  amounts  reported  in  the  balance  sheets  for  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable  and  accrued 
liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term period to maturity of these instruments.

The long-term investments represent our interest in CWI, WWI, Minda Emer Technologies Limited, and other investments. CWI is the most 
significant of the long-term investments and is accounted for using the equity method. WWI and other investments are accounted for at fair 
value.

The  carrying  values  reported  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  for  obligations  under  capital  and  operating  leases,  which  are  based  upon 
discounted cash flows, approximate their fair values.

The  carrying  value  of  the  term  loan  facilities,  convertible  debt,  and  other  bank  financing  included  in  the  long-term  debt  (note  14)  do  not 
materially  differ  from  their  fair  value  as  at  December  31,  2020,  as  the  majority  of  the  term  loan  facilities,  convertible  debt,  and  other  bank 
financing were raised or amended recently.

52  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

Forward Looking Statements

The Company categorizes its fair value measurements for items measured at fair value on a recurring basis into three categories as follows:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable  inputs  other  than  Level  1  prices  such  as  quoted  prices  for  similar  assets  or  liabilities;  quoted 
prices  in  markets  that  are  not  active;  or  other  inputs  that  are  observable  or  can  be  corroborated  by 
observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 -

Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine fair value and classify such items in Level 1. When necessary, Level 2 
valuations are performed based on quoted market prices for similar instruments in active markets and/or model–derived valuations with inputs 
that are observable in active markets. Level 3 valuations are undertaken in the absence of reliable Level 1 or Level 2 information.

As  at  December  31,  2020,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  are  measured  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis  and  are 
included in Level 1.

WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT  |  53

Forward Looking Statements

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this Annual Report constitute "forward-looking statements". When used in this document, the words "may", 
"would", "could", "will", "intend", "plan", "anticipate", "believe", "estimate", "expect", "project" and similar expressions, as they relate to us or our 
management,  are  intended  to  identify  forward-looking  statements.  In  particular,  this  Annual  Report  contains  forward-looking  statements 
pertaining to the following:

• Our efforts to capture operating efficiencies and reduce our expenses and the results of such efforts in the future;

•

•

•

The broadening of our product offerings as Westport Fuel Systems implements its strategic plan;

Future asset sales and right-sizing of Westport Fuel Systems cost structure and the results of such activities; and

The timing and effect of the launch of Westport HPDI 2.0TM commercial components with OEM launch partners. 

Such statements reflect management's current views with respect to future events and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties and are 
based upon a number of factors and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in the foregoing forward-looking 
statements due to a number of uncertainties and risks, including the risks described in Westport Fuel Systems Annual Information Form and in 
the  documents  incorporated  by  reference  into  this  Annual  Report  and  other  unforeseen  risks.  Such  risks,  uncertainties,  factors  and 
assumptions include, without limitation:

• market acceptance of our products; 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

product development delays and delays in contractual commitments; 

changing environmental regulations;

the ability to attract and retain business partners;

the success of our business partners and OEMs with whom we partner;

future levels of government funding and incentives; 

limitations in our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses; and

the ability to provide the capital required for research, product development, operations and marketing;

You  should  not  rely  on  any  forward-looking  statements.  Any  forward-looking  statement  is  made  only  as  of  the  date  of  this  Annual  and 
Sustainability Report. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, 
future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report are expressly qualified 
by this cautionary statement.

54  |  WESTPORT FUEL SYSTEMS INC. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

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Westport Fuel Systems  |  1750 West 75th Avenue, Suite 101, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6P 6G2  |  +1 604-718-2000  |  invest@wfsinc.com  |  wfsinc.com