EMBRACING
TRANSFORMATION
THROUGH
INNOVATION
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Annual Report 2023
40 YEARS OF
PUTTING CLIENTS FIRST
Susan M. Byrne, founder of Westwood, will become Director Emerita
of the Company’s Board of Directors on May 1, 2024. For more than
40 years, Susan has helped build Westwood on a bedrock of
disciplined investment principles designed to generate alpha
without taking excessive risk. Her leadership, expertise
and dedication to our clients have left an indelible mark on
Westwood and all who had the privilege of working
with Susan.
We will remain steadfast in the mission she forged: exceeding our
clients’ expectations through exceptional performance and always
conducting our business in accordance with our core values of
integrity, honesty and excellence.
1 Letter from the CEO
4 Transforming Our Platform
5 Strategies and Performance
6 Wealth Management
7 Culture and Commitment to Diversity
8 Company Metrics
TO OUR CLIENTS, SHAREHOLDERS AND COLLEAGUES
In 2023, we celebrated the 40th anniversary of the
founding of Westwood Holdings Group, and I have had
the honor to be part of the Westwood family for 31 of its
40 years. A milestone anniversary is a time of reflection,
a time to celebrate successes and a time to remember the
challenges that made us stronger.
Building a Lasting Culture
In 1983, Susan M. Byrne founded Westwood with a
company culture patterned after Coach John Wooden’s
Pyramid of Success™, a framework of 25 values that
represent the building blocks of a successful life. Forty
years later, we are still following that original framework
to achieve results for our clients. It has been an essential
part of our roadmap to innovate and grow over time in a
principled and collaborative way.
We have grown over the past four decades by staying
true to our culture, by putting clients first, by evolving
with the marketplace and by sticking to our bedrock of
disciplined investing principles designed to generate
competitive returns without taking excessive risk. We
will continue to embrace our values as we navigate the
evolving trends impacting our industry — the speed of
innovation, the demands for technology, consolidation
among asset managers, the rise of alternative
investments, the shifting demographics that influence
buyer behavior and, of course, artificial intelligence.
Disciplined Investment
Our goal has always been to provide solutions that
can fulfill the long-term investment objectives of our
clients. Finding opportunities that offer superior risk-
adjusted returns is key to our success. Our outstanding
investment team does this by identifying and investing in
underappreciated companies that have the fundamentals
to grow — high levels of free cash flow, improving returns
on equity and strong balance sheets. This disciplined
investment approach has withstood the test of time
year after year.
While our objectives and tactics are straightforward,
they are not always easy to execute. In last year’s letter,
I described challenges we were facing on several fronts
and many of these issues lingered throughout this year
as well. High interest rates and recession fears continued
to drive more investors into cash, creating a difficult
operating environment for the wealth management
industry. A banking crisis, ongoing geopolitical unrest,
the war in Ukraine, and the Israel-Hamas conflict all
added uncertainty to an already volatile market. Even so,
Westwood has managed well.
Transformation
Despite the turmoil around us, 2023 was a
transformational year for Westwood in many ways. We
fully integrated Salient Partners’ asset management
business, expanding our platform with complementary
investment strategies in Energy Infrastructure, Tactical
Absolute Return, Real Estate and Private Investments.
1
Westwood Holdings Group Westwood will continue working every day to generate
wealth for our clients and returns for our shareholders
and be worthy of your trust — just as we have done for
the past 40 years and will do in the years to come.
We were particularly pleased with the full-year
performance of our Real Estate strategies, both of
which posted significant excess returns and landed in
the top 25th percentile in eVestment rankings. We also
acquired an 80% majority interest in Broadmark Asset
Management, a leader in the risk management
space. Broadmark shines in declining markets and
has been a great addition to our portfolio of products
and services.
These two transactions catapulted Westwood forward
by broadening our platform and helping us build new
relationships with clients, prospects and advisors. Most
importantly, we gained valuable team members whose
talents and relationships add to our capabilities and
support our client base.
In October, we announced the addition of our cutting-
edge Managed Investment Solutions (MIS) team. This
Chicago-based team focuses on tailoring investment
solutions to a diverse set of individual and institutional
risk/reward tolerances and investment approaches.
MIS is a powerful complement to our suite of capabilities.
It is actively designed, passively managed, adaptable,
transparent and by offering access to an extensive
range of market and thematic exposures, customizable
to address the evolving needs of current and
prospective clients.
In 2019, we acquired a stake in Charis Holdings, a top-tier
regional bank in Texas. This past year, Charis was acquired
by Vista Bancshares, another top Texas regional bank.
Our investment in Charis became an investment in Vista.
Together, Charis and Vista created a more powerful
community banking franchise with $2 billion in assets
and 16 branches throughout the economically vibrant
Texas market. As a stakeholder in Vista, we see enhanced
opportunities. Many of our wealth management clients
want competitive deposit yields and friction-free loans.
With Vista, we can begin exploring this option as well as
offering our services to their 15,000+ clients.
Over the past year, we have invested in innovative
technologies to improve efficiency and refine our
operations not only to meet the changing needs of our
clients, but also stay ahead of them. Our team has done
a tremendous job with implementation and adoption,
and I thank them for their efforts.
$16.6
billion
$89.8
million
92.4%
96%
Assets under management
consists of AUM of $15.5 billion
and AUA of $1.1 billion
Total Revenue
Westwood
Wealth Management
Client Retention Rate
Institutional
Client Retention Rate
as of 12.31.2023
2
Annual Report 2023
Performance and Appreciation
Looking Ahead
At year-end 2023, our assets under management and
advisement were $16.6 billion and total revenues were
$89.8 million, up 30.7% versus 2022, reflecting a full year
of results inclusive of our acquisition of Salient Partners’
assets. While we maintained our ongoing disciplined
focus, expenses were up 13.9% given higher employee
compensation and benefits expenses due to the timing
of the acquisition of Salient Partners’ asset management
business, in late Q4 2022. Economic earnings for the
year were approximately $18.3 million. Our financial
position remains solid with $53.1 million in cash and
short-term investments at year-end and no debt on our
balance sheet.
Our success in helping clients achieve their dreams is
reflected in our 92.4% retention rate in our Wealth division
and 96% in our Institutional business. Our business
remains strong, and our solid balance sheet positions
us well to successfully navigate volatile markets and
uncertain times.
I want to thank our team for once again making Westwood
one of Pensions & Investments’ Best Places to Work in
2023, the ninth time we have received this recognition.
Finally, I want to honor two Westwood employees,
Dan Long and Chris Guptil, both of whom passed away
unexpectedly last year. Dan Long was a member of our
IT team who worked closely with many of our team
members in his deskside support role. He was a dedicated
member of the Westwood family. Chris was the Founder,
Co-Chief Investment Officer and Co-Chief Executive
Officer of Broadmark Asset Management. He became part
of the Westwood family in the fall of 2022. Chris was well
respected and will long be remembered for his friendship,
leadership, investment acumen and disciplined work
ethic. Both Dan and Chris are deeply missed by the
Westwood family.
I look forward to 2024 with cautious optimism — inflation
may be coming under control, and we are hopeful that a
recession seems less likely. And, like everyone, we hope
and pray for a peaceful resolution to the conflicts in
Ukraine and the Middle East.
I also want to thank our Founder Susan M. Byrne for
four decades of vision, inspiring leadership and an
unwavering dedication to creating the products and
services that help our clients achieve their financial
goals. We value her investment insights, sharp wit and
consistent contributions and look forward to continuing
to collaborate with her after she steps down from her
role as Vice Chairman of the Board in May 2024 and
shifts to a new role as Director Emerita. On behalf of the
entire Westwood family, I wish Susan the very best in
this next chapter of life.
We at Westwood will continue to embrace innovation
by investing in technology and broadening our offerings
to generate wealth for our clients and returns for our
shareholders. We will accomplish these goals with
integrity, honesty and excellence to be worthy of your
trust — just as we have done for the past 40 years and
will do so in the years to come.
Brian O. Casey
Chief Executive Officer
3
Westwood Holdings Group TRANSFORMING OUR PLATFORM
The speed of innovation and change is accelerating
across all industries, and asset management is evolving
to meet changing market dynamics. Westwood is
committed to staying a step ahead of the changing
marketplace by providing our clients with an expanded
set of innovative solutions that address their current and
future financial needs and by making smart investments
in technology to position ourselves for continued success.
Expanding Our Service Offerings
In late 2023, the cutting-edge Managed Investment
Solutions (MIS) team joined Westwood, bolstering our
ability to provide highly customized solutions at scale
to both institutional and high-net-worth investors. This
adaptable and transparent approach can be tailored
to the shifting needs of a wide array of clients. The
team, based in Chicago with an average of 25 years of
institutional investing experience, develops bespoke
investment solutions addressing a wide spectrum of risk
tolerances and thematic interests. They have a stellar
record of providing customized index solutions for public
plans, sovereign wealth funds, corporate pension plans,
defined contribution plans, endowments, foundations,
groups, family offices and ultra-high-net-worth
individuals. We expect this new capability to expand
our client base and enhance our revenue streams.
Growth Through Acquisitions
In November 2022, we acquired the assets of Salient
Partners and later increased our stake in San Francisco-
based Broadmark Asset Management LLC to nearly 80%.
A year later, Westwood has a growing network of new
clients, prospects and advisors. The sales team continues
to introduce the brand across wirehouses, independent
broker-dealers, RIAs and institutional channels, and is
expanding opportunities to serve new clients and nurture
existing relationships.
Our Tactical Absolute Return strategies, managed by
Broadmark, are differentiated offerings and another
example of Westwood’s ongoing transformation. The
foundation of Broadmark’s investment philosophy is
built on a belief that tactical portfolio allocation can
4
actively manage market exposure by adapting to
economic and market conditions. The management team
applies a disciplined four-pillar investment process that
systematically increases or decreases market exposure
depending on a number of factors, including expected
market volatility and macroeconomic fundamentals.
Product Innovation
The search for attractive investment opportunities beyond
equities and bonds to increase returns and diversification
continues to drive investors to consider alternative
investments. To meet this growing demand, Westwood
has entered the private markets and is building out an
alternatives platform with an impressive lineup of private
fund offerings.
Additionally, our MIS team will be a continuous source of
product innovation as their consultative approach with
clients can provide a wide array of customized solutions in
a rules-based, transparent manner.
We are also taking steps to capitalize on the substantial
growth in the exchange-traded funds (ETF) marketplace.
In the final weeks of 2023, Westwood filed for our first two
actively managed ETFs. This is a significant milestone for
the firm and one in which we have invested time, resources
and energy to build a best-of-breed platform for these
and future ETFs. We are building this capability to enable
investment solutions for clients, agnostic of the vehicle.
Continuous Investment in
Technology
We continue to invest strategically in leading-edge
technology to support our clients and position the
firm for success in the future. InvestCloud’s technology
serves as the backbone of our integrated system. We are
selectively tapping into AI-driven lead generation and
other comprehensive databases for prospecting new
clients, while also advancing our mobile integration tools.
All of our technology investments meet our world-class
security protocol requirements to preserve the integrity
of our systems and data.
Annual Report 2023 STRATEGIES AND PERFORMANCE
The U.S. equities market began 2023 with cautious
optimism, fueled by expectations that the Federal
Reserve (Fed) would wind down its aggressive monetary
policy. As the year progressed, however, inflation
persisted and volatility increased. In the fourth quarter,
the market witnessed a remarkable rally — propelled by
a decline in Treasury yields due to expectations that the
Fed would not raise rates further. This ignited positive
momentum across markets, enabling bonds to partially
recover from earlier losses and equities to surge, with all
major indices ending the year in positive territory.
U.S. Value Strategies Generally
Outperformed Their Benchmarks
Our flagship U.S. Value strategies generally performed
well in 2023, exhibiting strength during market pullbacks
but giving back some performance in broad market rallies
that primarily rewarded growth stocks. Roughly 60% of
our U.S. Value strategies outperformed their benchmarks
for the year, 75% beat their benchmarks over trailing
three years and 100% did so over five-year periods.
Notably, our Quality SmallCap Fund ranked in the top
20% of its Morningstar Small Blend peers for the trailing
three years.
“As we look ahead, we
are optimistic. Several
of our strategies produced
excellent results for our
clients in 2023, and our
pipeline is growing nicely.”
— Brian O. Casey, CEO
Multi-Asset Strategies Consistently
Perform
Our primary Multi-Asset strategies maintained their
long-term track record and were top quartile performers
at the end of 2023. Our Income Opportunity, Total Return,
High Income and Alternative Income all delivered robust
performance in the fourth quarter. These strategies
have strong long-term performance, reflected in solid
Morningstar peer rankings for the five-year period.
Salient Funds Deliver Strong
Performance
A year after closing the Salient acquisition, the Westwood
Salient Real Estate Income Fund emerged as a standout
performer. It closed the fourth quarter in the top 1%
among peers and remained in the top 14% for the one-,
three- and five-year periods.
Our Energy strategies also finished the year strong, with
our MLP SMA strategy outpacing the Alerian Midstream
Energy Index by more than 400 basis points. All our MLP
offerings have been top quartile performers compared to
their benchmark peers since inception.
In the fourth quarter, we launched the Westwood Energy
Secondaries Fund, our first in-house managed private
investment fund. To date, we have raised over $34 million
and invested 75% of that capital. We will deploy the
remainder in 2024. This will help establish a strong
foundation for future funds.
Positive Momentum Into 2024
for Fund Flows
While both institutional and intermediary channels
experienced net outflows in 2023, largely attributable to
client rebalancing, redemptions stabilized at the end of
2023. In late 2023, we won several large new mandates
that will fund in the first half of 2024 and will help
generate positive flows.
5
Westwood Holdings Group WEALTH MANAGEMENT
Our mission is to be the indispensable and trusted
financial provider for families and institutions by
delivering personalized and holistic advice, services
and investment solutions.
Westwood’s Wealth Management business delivered solid
performance, closing the year with $469 million in total
inflows and assets under management of $4.1 billion.
Our products and comprehensive services resonate
particularly well with younger entrepreneurs, often
in their 30s or 40s with investible assets between
$10 million and $100 million. According to U.S. Census
Despite market headwinds, our client
retention rate within this division
remained high at 92.4%, and the
team recorded its best year of new
business acquisition since 2020.
These results are a testament to
our white-glove service culture
and holistic service offerings,
including financial planning,
investment solutions, estate,
trust and philanthropic services,
to address the complexity of our
clients’ hard-earned wealth.
Financial
Planning
Wealth
Management
Estate
Planning
& Trust
Services
Private
Bank
Services
Alternative
Investments
Investment
Management
Bureau estimates, nearly half a million people moved
to Texas in 2023. Many are tech entrepreneurs
or highly-paid professionals relocating
with their companies to the Lone Star
State. Based on BuildRemote data,
an estimated 164 companies moved
to Texas between 2020 and 2023,
including large corporations such as
AT&T, Caterpillar, Tesla and Toyota.
We believe these demographic shifts
bode well for our business and our 2024
pipeline looks promising.
Given our “Goldilocks” size, we can nimbly
capitalize on periods of market dislocation by
quickly launching high-net-worth investment strategies
to meet our clients’ evolving needs. In March 2023, we
introduced a regional bank strategy, built on Westwood’s
strong fundamental research, which allowed clients to
make the most of the market dislocation in the banking
industry. It finished the year up 24.96% since its
March 31 inception, which compared favorably against
the benchmark, S&P Comp 1500 Regional Banks, up
17.86% for the same period.
Additional Service Offerings
Through Vista Bank
Westwood is now a shareholder in Vista Bank, following
its April 2023 acquisition of Charis Holdings, in which we
had an ownership stake. For 112 years, Vista Bank has
served the needs of entrepreneurs and built a reputation
as an entrepreneur’s bank, serving the North Central and
West Texas regions. Through our strategic partnership
with Vista, we can now begin offering our clients a
broad range of valuable banking services to deepen
our relationships with them. In turn, Westwood Wealth
Management is well positioned to benefit from referrals
from Vista’s customer base of more than 15,000.
47%
Public Funds
27%
Sub-Advisory
17%
Corporate
8%
Foundations/
Endowments
1%
Taft-Hartley
6
Annual Report 2023 CULTURE AND COMMITMENT TO DIVERSITY
Culture
Our founder, Susan M. Byrne, understood from the start
that a successful business requires a healthy corporate
culture with a clear purpose aligned with both personal
and professional values. As she built Westwood, Susan
envisioned a strong asset manager with a corporate
culture founded on Coach Wooden’s Pyramid of Success™.
Coach Wooden became the head basketball coach of the
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1948, and
through his inspiration and leadership, the team secured
10 national championships. In honor of his wisdom,
Susan named our Company after the neighborhood in
Los Angeles he called home for many years: Westwood.
“
If you do enough small
things right, big things
can happen.”
— John Wooden
Coach Wooden’s Pyramid of Success is the bedrock on
which Westwood stands. As we embrace change, the
culture of our firm remains rooted in our core principles.
Wooden’s formula for success serves as a guide for our
employees that fosters a culture of teamwork, excellence,
integrity and client- and stakeholder-centricity.
A Culture of Teamwork, Excellence and Integrity
33%
~44%
43%
33%
of our corporate board
members are women
of our new team members
in 2023 came from
diverse backgrounds
of our employees
are women
of employees holding
titles of VP and
above are women
$914
million
>65
charities
40
years
Values-based AUM
as of year end
were supported through
our corporate giving
programs in 2023
of achievement as a
female-founded company
7
Westwood Holdings Group
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT DIVERSIFICATION
2002
$4.1 billion
84%
Institutional Separate
Accounts and Other
Managed Accounts
16%
Wealth Management
Since 2002
2023
$16.1 billion*
47%
Institutional Separate
Accounts and Other
Managed Accounts
26%
Wealth Management
27%
Westwood
Mutual Funds
STRATEGY BREAKDOWN
INSTITUTIONAL CLIENT TYPE
51%
U.S. Value Equity
27%
22%
Multi-Asset
Multi-Strategy
Wealth
Management
45%
30%
17%
7%
1%
Public Funds
Sub-Advisory
Corporate
Foundations/
Endowments
Taft-Hartley
FEE REVENUE — HISTORICAL
Asset-Based Advisory and Trust Fees ($ millions)
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
($ billions)
49%
U.S. Value Equity
31%
Multi-Asset
20%
Wealth
Multi-Strategy
Management
2023 - $87.6M
2022 - $68.4M
2021 - $70.0M
2020 - $61.6M
2019 - $82.5M
2023 - $16.6B*
2022 - $16.1B
2021 - $14.5B
2020 - $13.0B
2019 - $15.2B
*December 31, 2023 AUM consisted of AUM of $15.5B and AUA of $1.1B.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (in $ thousands, except per share and % amounts)
47%
Public Funds
27%
Sub-Advisory
17%
Corporate
8%
Foundations/
Endowments
1%
Taft-Hartley
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) Data:
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
Years ended December 31,
Total revenues
Employee compensation and benefits
Employee compensation and benefits as a % of total revenues
Income (loss) before income taxes
Income (loss) before income taxes as a % of total revenues
$ 89,781
$ 68,681
$ 73,054
$ 65,111
$ 84,079
52,918
58.9%
13,443
15.0%
40,124
58.4%
(5,195)
(7.6)%
42,532
58.2%
14,003
19.2%
42,141
64.7%
(7,588)
50,152
49%
59.6%
U.S. Value Equity
9,402
31%
Multi-Asset
Multi-Strategy
20%
Wealth
Management
(11.7)%
11.2%
Net income (loss)
Earnings (loss) per share – basic
Earnings (loss) per share – diluted
Cash dividends declared per common share
$ 10,571
$ (4,628)
$ 9,763
$ (8,947)
$ 5,911
1.20
1.17
0.60
(0.59)
(0.59)
0.60
1.24
1.23
2.95
(1.12)
(1.12)
0.43
0.70
0.70
2.88
Economic earnings
$ 18,342
$ 2,663
$ 15,149
$ 10,206
$ 13,640
Economic earnings per common share
2.26
0.45
2.20
0.91
2.15
8
47%
Public Funds
27%
Sub-Advisory
17%
Corporate
8%
Foundations/
Endowments
1%
Taft-Hartley
Annual Report 2023 UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
____________________________________________________________________________
Form 10-K
____________________________________________________________________________
(Mark One)
ý
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023
OR
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-31234
____________________________________________________________________________
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
____________________________________________________________________________
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
200 Crescent Court, Suite 1200
Dallas, Texas
(Address of principal executive offices)
75-2969997
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
75201
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (214) 756-6900
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
Title of each class:
Trading Symbol:
Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
WHG
New York Stock Exchange
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
None
____________________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No ý
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
¨
ý
Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
¨
ý
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control
over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its
audit report. Yes ¨
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing
reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by
any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý
The aggregate market value on June 30, 2023 of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $101,997,608. For
purposes of this calculation, the registrant has assumed that stockholders that are not officers or directors of the registrant are not affiliates of the registrant.
The number of shares of registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of March 1, 2024: 9,062,458.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Selected portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this report relates, are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC.
Index
PART I: .......................................................................................................................................................................
Item 1. Business ................................................................................................................................................
Item 1A. Risk Factors ......................................................................................................................................
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments ............................................................................................................
Item 1C. Cybersecurity ....................................................................................................................................
Item 2. Properties .............................................................................................................................................
Item 3. Legal Proceedings ................................................................................................................................
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures ......................................................................................................................
PART II: ......................................................................................................................................................................
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases
of Equity Securities ..........................................................................................................................................
Item 6. Reserved ...............................................................................................................................................
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .......
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk .....................................................
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ...............................................................................
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure .......
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures .................................................................................................................
Item 9B. Other Information ............................................................................................................................
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections ........................................
PART III: ....................................................................................................................................................................
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ............................................................
Item 11. Executive Compensation ...................................................................................................................
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters .........................................................................................................................................
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ..........................
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services ..........................................................................................
PART IV: ...................................................................................................................................................................
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules .........................................................................................
PAGE
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i
Item 1.
Business.
PART I
Unless the context otherwise requires, the term “we,” “us,” “our,” “Westwood,” or “Westwood Holdings Group” when
used in this Form 10-K (“Report”) and in the Annual Report to the Stockholders refers to Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., a
Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole. This Report contains some forward-looking
statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Actual results and the timing of some events could differ materially
from those projected in or contemplated by the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors including, without
limitation, those set forth under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
General
We manage investment assets and provide services for our clients through our subsidiaries, Westwood Management
Corp., Westwood Advisors, L.L.C. and Salient Advisors, L.P. (each of which is a registered investment adviser ("RIA")
registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and referred to hereinafter together as “Westwood Management”) and
Westwood Trust ("Westwood Wealth Management"). Westwood Management, founded in 1983, provides investment advisory
services to institutional investors, a family of mutual funds called the Westwood Funds®, other mutual funds, individual
investors and clients of Westwood Trust. Westwood Trust, founded as a state-chartered trust company in 1974, provides trust,
custodial and investment management services through the use of commingled funds and individual securities to institutions
and high net worth individuals. Our revenues are generally derived from fees based on a percentage of assets under
management ("AUM") and assets under advisement ("AUA"). Westwood Management and Westwood Trust collectively had
AUM of approximately $15.5 billion and AUA of approximately $1.1 billion at December 31, 2023. We were incorporated
under the laws of the State of Delaware on December 12, 2001. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange
under the ticker symbol “WHG.” We are a holding company whose principal assets consist of the capital stock and ownership
interests of our operating subsidiaries, primarily Westwood Management, Westwood Trust and Broadmark Asset Management,
LLC ("Broadmark").
The success of our business is dependent on client, institutional investment consultant and intermediary relationships. In
addition to investment performance, we believe that client service is of paramount importance in the asset management
business. Accordingly, a major business focus for us is to build strong relationships with clients to enhance our ability to
anticipate their needs and satisfy their investment objectives. Our team approach is designed to deliver efficient, responsive
service to our clients.
Our operating structure is capable of supporting a larger business and thus we believe we are poised to accommodate
growth by acquisition, product innovation and internal growth within our client base. We have developed investment strategies
that we expect to be attractive in our target institutional, wealth management and intermediary markets. Developing new
investment strategies and building the organization can result in incurring expenses before significant offsetting revenues are
realized. We continue to evaluate new strategies and resources in terms of meeting actual and potential investor needs.
During 2022 we acquired the asset management business of Salient Partners, L.P. (the "Salient Acquisition"). As part of
the Salient Acquisition we also acquired Salient Capital, L.P. ("SCLP"), Salient Advisors, L.P. ("Salient Advisors") and an
approximately 48% interest in Broadmark. Broadmark is a San Francisco-based RIA managing and/or sub-advising mutual
funds, retail and institutional separately-managed accounts. SCLP is an SEC-registered broker-dealer and Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") member and serves as a sub-placement agent for private placements. Salient Advisors is an
SEC registered investment adviser, a Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") registered Commodity Pool Operator
("CPO") and a National Futures Association ("NFA") member. Salient Advisors is an advisor to the Westwood Salient Tactical
Plus Fund, which is subadvised by Broadmark.
Acquisition of Controlling Interest in Broadmark Asset Management LLC
In January 2023 we acquired an additional 32% interest in Broadmark for $1.2 million (net of cash acquired), increasing
our ownership of Broadmark to approximately 80%, which represents a controlling interest for financial statement
consolidation purposes (the "Broadmark Acquisition").
Strategic Investments
Over the past several years we have made a number of strategic investments, including investments in InvestCloud, Inc.
("InvestCloud"), Vista Bank, ("Vista"), Westwood Hospitality Fund I, LLC ("Westwood Hospitality") and Westwood Energy
Secondaries Fund I, LLC ("Westwood Energy Secondaries").
InvestCloud is a digital financial services provider. In addition to our investment in InvestCloud, we initiated a
technology transformation several years ago using InvestCloud as a core provider. This technology transformation included
overhauling and streamlining our enterprise data infrastructure and investment management operating platform. We also
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developed and launched digital client portals with InvestCloud, offering our clients secure “anytime, anywhere” access to their
financial information.
Vista offers traditional banking services and provides clients of Westwood Trust efficient access to lines of credit
secured by their investment portfolios. Our partnership provides Vista the opportunity to refer its clients needing more complex
financial planning and investment services to Westwood Wealth Management.
Westwood Hospitality is a private investment fund seeded via our investment and which is offered to clients of
Westwood Trust.
Westwood Energy Secondaries is a private investment fund seeded via our investment and which is offered to our
clients.
Available Information
We maintain a website at westwoodgroup.com. Information contained on, or connected to, our website is not
incorporated by reference into this Report and should not be considered part of this Report or any other filing that we make with
the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). All of our filings with the SEC, including our annual report on Form 10-K,
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant
to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), are available free of
charge on our website. Our Code of Business Conduct, Corporate Governance Guidelines and Audit Committee, Compensation
and Human Capital, and Governance/Nominating Committee Charters are available without charge on our website.
Stockholders may also obtain print copies of these documents free of charge by submitting a written request to Murray Forbes
III, our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, at the address set forth on the front of this Report. The public can also obtain
access to any public document we file with the SEC at www.sec.gov.
Advisory
General
Our advisory business encompasses five distinct investment capabilities — United States ("U.S.") Value Equity, Multi-
Asset, Energy and Real Assets, Tactical Absolute Return, and Income Alternatives.
Westwood Management provides investment advisory services to large institutions, including corporate retirement plans,
public retirement plans, endowments and foundations. Institutional separate account minimums vary by investment strategy and
generally range from $10 million to $25 million. Westwood Management also provides advisory services to financial advisors,
individuals and the Westwood Funds®, as well as sub-advisory services to other mutual funds and pooled investment vehicles.
Investment Strategies
We offer high-conviction equity, outcome-oriented solutions and liquid alternatives to address a wide range of
investment objectives, including four strategies each with over $1 billion in AUM: LargeCap Value, Income Opportunity,
SmallCap Value and MLP & Energy Infrastructure.
U.S. Value Equity
The U.S. Value Equity team employs a value-oriented approach focused on identifying undervalued, high-quality
businesses capable of generating superior risk-adjusted returns, using a fundamental, bottom-up, three-step investment process.
Our team seeks well-run businesses with conservative balance sheets and strong free cash flow that can grow their business
value by funding growth initiatives or by returning capital to shareholders. Identifying undervalued companies with strong
fundamentals, where the outlook for future earnings growth is underestimated by the market, offers us the potential for
asymmetric returns. This investment approach is intended to preserve capital during unfavorable periods and provide superior
real returns over the long term. We have established a track record of producing both competitive risk adjusted and real returns
for our clients. The principal investment strategies currently managed by the U.S. Value Equity team are as follows:
LargeCap Value: Investments in equity securities of approximately 40 to 60 companies benchmarked to the Russell 1000
Value Index.
MidCap Value: Investments in equity securities of approximately 50 to 80 companies benchmarked to the Russell
Midcap Value Index.
SMidCap Value: Investments in equity securities of approximately 50 to 70 companies benchmarked to the Russell 2500
Value Index.
SmallCap Value: Investments in equity securities of approximately 50 to 70 companies benchmarked to the Russell 2000
Value Index.
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AllCap Value: Investments in equity securities of approximately 50 to 80 companies benchmarked to the Russell 3000
Value Index.
Multi-Asset
The Multi-Asset team employs an investment process that applies top-down views across asset classes along with
bottom-up security selection, utilizing quantitative and fundamental tools to evaluate macro, micro and technical conditions
across a range of asset classes. Our outcome-oriented solutions utilize strategic and tactical allocations as well as a discipline
focused on managing downside risks.
The team draws on the proprietary fundamental research of Westwood’s investment teams in order to identify securities
with attractive risk-adjusted return profiles across a broad spectrum of income-producing securities. The principal investment
strategies currently managed by the Multi-Asset team are as follows:
Income Opportunity: Multi-Asset strategy that invests across multiple fixed income sectors, including convertibles and
income-producing equity securities. Typically invests in a range of asset types with the equity component usually comprising
between approximately 30% and 50% of this strategy.
Total Return: Multi-Asset strategy that invests across multiple bond sectors, including convertibles and income
producing equity securities. Typically invests in a range of asset types with the equity component usually comprising between
approximately 50% and 70% of this strategy.
High Income: Multi-Asset strategy that invests across multiple bond sectors, including convertibles and income-
producing equity securities. Typically invests in a range of asset types with the equity component usually comprising between
approximately 15% and 30% of this strategy.
Energy and Real Assets
The Energy and Real Assets team employs an investment approach designed to provide access to a broad universe of
Master Limited Partnerships ("MLPs") and MLP-related companies, including midstream and other energy infrastructure
companies, with the potential to capture a range of energy infrastructure opportunities. The portfolio managers consider the
primary risk factors for midstream energy infrastructure companies to be equity markets, high yield spreads, commodity prices
and interest rates. The team monitors and discusses changes in these risk factors on a daily basis. The firm utilizes quantitative
models to measure valuations, momentum and other risk attributes. The investment team monitors key risk factors for each
company and the overall market and positions portfolios accordingly to align with their portfolio management philosophy. The
principal investment strategy currently managed by the Energy and Real Asset team is as follows:
MLP & Energy Infrastructure: Offers access to a wide universe of MLPs and MLP-related companies with the potential
to capture energy infrastructure opportunities.
Tactical Absolute Return
Tactical Absolute Return strategies are subadvised by Broadmark. These strategies seek to deliver positive absolute
returns through market cycles. We believe that tactical portfolio allocation can actively manage market exposure by adapting to
economic conditions and internal market momentum. These strategies may appeal to clients who believe that it may be unwise
to be fully invested in equities during periods of intense speculation and monetary tightening within an overvalued market. We
also find other market environments in which we believe investors should be fully invested and even overweight higher beta
sectors and indices. Our goal is to be in concert with the overall economic/business cycle.
Broadmark’s investment process is grounded in four pillars. The first three pillars – valuation, monetary policy and
investor sentiment — are qualitative in nature. The fourth pillar is a quantitative assessment of volume and breadth-based
momentum. Using a combination of these qualitative and quantitative metrics, Broadmark seeks to manage risk and enhance
alpha by tactically phasing into and out of major equity cycles. Broadmark invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of
exchange-traded funds ("ETFs") and instruments providing exposure to indices, sectors and industries based on this four-pillar
process. The investment team may tactically deploy leveraged investment techniques as well as short positions that allow a net
exposure ranging from net long to net short depending on the strategy.
Tactical Growth: Strategy that actively manages equity market exposure through the use of ETFs and other index-based
instruments. Seeks to produce above-average, risk-adjusted returns, in all market environments, while exhibiting less downside
volatility than the S&P 500® Index. It is designed to help investors sidestep market downturns, while attempting to participate
in its growth via continuous active management of portfolio market exposure.
Tactical Plus: Strategy that actively manages equity market exposure by primarily investing in equity-based futures,
ETFs and options. Seeks to produce above-average, risk-adjusted returns, in any market environment while exhibiting less
downside volatility than the S&P 500® Index by investing primarily in a diversified portfolio of instruments with exposure to
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U.S. and non-U.S. equity securities. It is designed to help investors sidestep market downturns, while attempting to participate
in its growth via the continuous and active management of portfolio market exposure.
Income Alternatives
Our Multi-Asset team manages our Alternative Income strategy, and our Real Estate team manages our Select Income
and Global Real Estate strategies. We believe alternative approaches to income investing can provide diversified sources of risk
and return and potentially reduce volatility. Absolute return-oriented and yield-focused strategies for investing in securities not
typically found in traditional fixed income portfolios can help investors produce returns from non-traditional sources with low
correlation and enhanced portfolio diversification.
Alternative Income: We believe a market-neutral approach utilizing convertible arbitrage and opportunistic fixed income
can serve as a complement to bond allocations. Our framework consists of three primary sources of return that aim to neutralize
systematic risk. We employ a multi-strategy process seeking to generate positive absolute returns through a short duration yield
portfolio of global convertible securities, convertible arbitrage and macro-hedging.
Select Income: Seeks to produce consistent high income from non-traditional publicly traded securities. Invests in senior
securities and high-income equities primarily issued by real estate investment companies, (i.e., real estate investment trust
preferred securities), but can also diversify among preferred stocks, common stocks and bonds to seek income and total return.
Global Real Estate: Invests primarily in high-quality commercial and residential real estate companies located in the
U.S. and non-U.S. countries that can potentially serve as inflation-protected income vs. traditional income-oriented securities.
Approaches stock selection with an emphasis on superior property location and quality, strong prospects for appreciation in
property rents and values, and management’s track record for adding value. Utilizes a rigorous, repeatable, bottom-up
investment approach incorporating quantitative and qualitative analyses of company cash flows, assets and management.
Our ability to grow AUM is primarily dependent on our competitive investment performance and our success in building
strong relationships with our clients, investment consulting firms, financial intermediaries and RIAs. We continually seek to
expand AUM by organically growing our existing investment strategies and by adding new products as evidenced by our
Salient Acquisition in November 2022 and our subsequent acquisition of a controlling interest in Broadmark in 2023. The
Salient Acquisition expanded our product portfolio to serve financial intermediaries and institutional clients with additional
product offerings, including Energy and Real Assets, Tactical Absolute Return, and Income Alternatives. We will continue to
focus on organic product initiatives to grow our investment strategies while considering new investment strategies via
acquisitions or from third parties, as discussed under "Growth Strategy" below. Our growth strategy provides clients with more
investment opportunities and diversifies our AUM and revenue sources, thereby reducing risk in any one area of investment and
increasing our competitive ability to attract new clients. Our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 21% of our fee
revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023. The loss of some or all of these large clients could have a material adverse
effect on our business and our results of operations.
Managed Investment Solutions
Our newest investment team, Managed Investment Solutions, joined us in late 2023, and focuses on tailoring investment
solutions to a diverse array of individual institutional risk/reward tolerances and investment approaches. The team’s unique
approach blends active design with passive implementation and is intended to provide differentiated value for Westwood
clients. Prospective clients for this service include public plans, sovereign wealth funds, corporate pension plans, defined
contribution plans, endowments, foundations, consultant groups and wealth investors.
Advisory and Sub-advisory Agreements
Westwood Management manages client accounts under investment advisory and sub-advisory agreements. As is typical
for the asset management industry, these agreements are usually terminable upon short notice and provide for revenues based
on the market value of client AUM. Advisory fees are paid quarterly in advance based on AUM on the last day of the preceding
quarter, quarterly in arrears based on AUM on the last day of the quarter just ended or based on a daily or monthly average of
AUM for the stated period. Certain clients have contractual performance-based fee arrangements, which generate additional
revenues if we outperform a specified index over a specific period of time. Revenue for performance-based fees is recorded at
the end of the measurement period. Revenue from advance payments is deferred and recognized over the period that services
are performed. Pursuant to these agreements, Westwood provides overall investment management services, including directing
investments in conformity with client-established investment objectives and restrictions. Unless otherwise directed in writing by
clients, Westwood has the authority to vote all proxies with respect to securities in client portfolios.
Westwood Management is party to sub-advisory agreements with other investment advisers under which it performs
similar services under advisory agreements. Our sub-advisory fees are generally computed based upon the average daily AUM
and are payable on a monthly basis.
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Westwood Management provides investment advisory services to the Westwood Funds® family of mutual funds:
● Westwood Alternative Income (WMNIX)
● Westwood Quality SmallCap (WHGSX)
● Westwood Broadmark Tactical Plus (SBTIX)
● Westwood Quality SMidCap (WHGMX)
● Westwood Broadmark Tactical Growth (FTGWX)
● Westwood Quality Value (WHGLX)
● Westwood High Income (WHGHX)
● Westwood Salient Global Real Estate (KIRYX)
● Westwood Income Opportunity (WHGIX)
● Westwood Salient MLP & Energy Infrastructure (SMLPX)
● Westwood Quality AllCap (WQAIX)
● Westwood Quality MidCap (WWMCX)
● Westwood Select Income (KIFYX)
● Westwood Total Return (WLVIX)
As of December 31, 2023, AUM in the Westwood Funds® totaled $4.1 billion.
Trust
General
Westwood Trust provides fiduciary and investment services to high net worth individuals and families, non-profit
endowments and foundations, public and private retirement plans and individual retirement accounts ("IRAs"). Westwood Trust
is chartered and regulated by the Texas Department of Banking. Fees charged by Westwood Trust are separately negotiated
with each client and are typically based on AUM. Clients generally have at least $1 million in investable assets.
Fiduciary Services
Westwood Trust’s fiduciary services include but are not limited to: financial planning, wealth transfer planning,
customizable trust services, trust administration and estate settlement. Westwood Trust also provides custodial services, tax
reporting, accounting of trust income and principal, beneficiary and retiree distributions and safekeeping of assets.
Investment Services
Westwood Trust utilizes a consultative approach in developing a portfolio asset allocation for individual clients. Our
approach involves examining clients' financial situations, including their current portfolio of investments, and advising clients
on ways to reduce risk, enhance investment returns and strengthen their financial position based on each client’s unique
objectives and constraints. Westwood Trust seeks to define and improve the risk/return profiles of client investment portfolios
by offering a comprehensive investment solution or by enhancing clients’ existing investment strategies. Westwood Trust
manages separate portfolios of equity and fixed income securities for certain agency and trust clients. Equity portfolios are
generally patterned after the institutional strategies offered by Westwood Management or developed by our internal investment
teams. Fixed income portfolios consist of targeted "laddered" portfolios of primarily high-quality municipal securities and
Treasury bills.
Westwood Trust also sponsors a range of commingled funds in which client assets are commingled to achieve economies
of scale. Westwood Trust’s commingled funds fall within two basic categories: personal trusts (common trust funds) and
employee benefit trusts (collective investment funds). Westwood Trust sponsors commingled funds for most of the investment
strategies managed by Westwood Management.
Westwood Trust also develops asset allocation models for certain clients utilizing its commingled funds, mutual funds
managed by Westwood Management and non-affiliated mutual funds.
Enhanced Balanced® Portfolios
Westwood Trust is a strong proponent of asset class diversification and offers its clients the ability to diversify among
many different asset classes. Westwood Trust Enhanced Balanced® portfolios allocate assets among these asset classes into a
customizable portfolio for clients seeking to maximize return for any given level of risk. Periodic adjustments are made to asset
class weightings in Enhanced Balanced® portfolios based on historical returns, risk and correlation data, and our current capital
markets outlook.
Select Equity Strategy
The Westwood Select Equity strategy aims to provide low-frequency turnover and tax efficiency to high net worth
individuals. The offering allows individuals to own a diversified portfolio of best ideas from across Westwood's investment
teams. The portfolios include value and growth stocks, along with small-, mid- and large-cap stocks. Westwood Select Equity is
also available without the tax efficiency overlay.
Dividend Select Strategy
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The Westwood Dividend Select strategy aims to provide dividend income to investors. The offering allows investors to
own a diversified portfolio of dividend-producing equity securities. The portfolios primarily include value stocks, along with
mid- and large-cap stocks.
High Alpha Strategy
The Westwood High Alpha strategy aims to provide long-term appreciation to investors. The offering allows investors to
own a concentrated portfolio of securities to provide higher returns commensurate with higher volatility. The portfolios
primarily include growth stocks in the mid- to large-capitalization range.
Distribution Channels
Westwood Management investment funds and advisory services are distributed through two primary market channels -
Institutional and Intermediary. Our Distribution sales and support infrastructure supports marketing and client service in both
channels. Westwood Wealth Management provides wealth and investment management solutions primarily to individuals and
utilizes both Westwood Management and external investment management services.
Institutional
The institutional team markets Westwood funds and advisory and sub-advisory services to defined benefit and defined
contribution corporate and public plan sponsors, foundations and endowments, financial institutions and investment consultants.
We maintain strong relationships with many global, national and regional investment consulting firms, which have contributed
to our being considered and hired by their clients. By leveraging these relationships, we can offer our strategies within select
defined contribution and other retirement plans where clients utilize mutual fund vehicles. Sub-advising funds of other financial
institutions allows us to extend our marketing reach using other firms' distribution systems.
Intermediary and Retail
In the intermediary and retail channel, our team directly markets our investment services, including the Westwood
Funds®, to financial intermediaries, RIAs, broker-dealers, turnkey asset management programs and select mutual fund
platforms. We also focus on expanding our relationships with financial intermediaries that manage discretionary mutual fund
models. Our Intermediary sales team markets our mutual funds and separately managed accounts directly to select broker-
dealers and RIAs.
Managed accounts are somewhat similar to mutual fund relationships in that a third-party financial institution, such as a
broker-dealer or RIA, trades securities using our model. The typical managed account client is a high net worth individual or
small institution that prefers to own shares directly, rather than in a mutual fund. In these arrangements, the third-party financial
institution is responsible to the end client for client service, operations and accounting.
Wealth Management
In our wealth management channel, we generate awareness of our trust fiduciary and investment services through
investment consultants, centers of influence, community involvement, and targeted direct marketing to high net worth
individuals, families and small to medium-sized institutions. We also seek asset growth generated by referrals from existing
clients.
Growth Strategy
We believe we have established a strong platform to support future growth, deriving strength from the experience and
capabilities of our management team and our skilled investment and client professionals. We believe opportunities for future
growth will come from our ability to:
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generate growth in our investment management platform from new and existing clients and consultant relationships,
while expanding intermediary distribution;
attract and retain key employees;
grow assets in our existing investment strategies;
continue to enhance our digital capabilities;
foster continued growth of the wealth management platform and distribution channel;
foster expanded intermediary distribution;
pursue strategic corporate development opportunities;
continue to strengthen our brand name; and
develop or acquire new investment strategies.
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Generate growth from new and existing clients and consultant relationships, while expanding intermediary distribution.
As our primary business objective, we intend to maintain and enhance existing relationships with clients, investment
consultants and intermediaries by providing value-added investment performance and client service. Over the last few years, we
have expanded and restructured our distribution team to improve our proactive sales and client engagement strategy. We intend
to pursue growth via targeted sales and marketing efforts that showcase our boutique offerings across our product platform with
consistent investment performance and superior client service. New institutional client accounts are sourced from investment
consultants or from our direct sales efforts with institutional investors. The Salient Acquisition has significantly expanded our
product range and distribution capabilities. We intend to leverage this increased scale and broader product availability to
enhance offerings to institutional, intermediary and wealth management clients. We believe a key factor leading to our being
considered for new client mandates and platform placements is the in-depth knowledge of our firm, our people and our
processes currently embedded in our consultant and platform relationships and being developed in prospective relationships.
Attract and retain key employees. We believe we have created a workplace environment in which motivated,
performance-driven and client-oriented individuals can thrive. As a public company, we offer our employees a compensation
program that includes strong equity incentives to closely align their success with that of our clients and stockholders. We
believe these factors are critical to maintaining a stable, client-focused environment that can support future growth.
Grow assets in our existing investment strategies. We have significant capacity to manage additional assets across the
investment strategies developed by leveraging the core competencies of our U.S. Value Equity and Multi-Asset teams. We have
considerably expanded our range of investment strategies by adding Energy and Real Assets, Tactical Absolute Return and
Select Income as a result of the Salient Acquisition.
Continue to enhance our digital capabilities. Over the past several years, we have invested significantly to enhance our
automation and digital efficiency. We moved our technology infrastructure to secure, cloud-based access, created a data
warehouse to improve our investment operations workflow, upgraded our trade order management and trade compliance
systems, digitized our portfolio accounting and reconciliation system, and outsourced our trading function. We also developed
digital client portals for our institutional and wealth management clients. We believe these investments position us to improve
efficiencies and better respond to consumer demand for digital interaction with investment advisors.
Foster continued growth of the wealth management platform and distribution channel. Westwood Trust serves high net
worth individuals and families as well as small to medium-sized institutions. We anticipate continued interest from clients and
prospective clients in our holistic wealth management model. A significant percentage of Westwood Trust’s asset inflows stems
from referrals along with gathering additional assets from existing clients. We believe our Enhanced Balanced® strategy, which
offers comprehensive, diversified exposure to multiple asset classes, our Select Equity strategy offering diversified equity
exposure in a tax-efficient manner, and our separately managed portfolio offerings together provide opportunities for growth.
Foster expanded intermediary distribution. For the past several years, we have expanded our geographic approach and
focused coverage for intermediary distribution, building up our intermediary sales team to extend our reach and accelerate
growth in top markets. As a result of the Salient Acquisition, we have again expanded our sales and marketing resources to
accelerate growth geographically and across market segments via third-party platforms. We believe that providing investors
with access to our mutual funds and separately managed accounts is a key component to achieving asset growth in the defined
contribution and retirement marketplaces as well as with RIAs and select broker-dealers.
Pursue strategic corporate development opportunities. We continually evaluate strategic corporate development
opportunities to augment our organic growth. We may pursue a variety of transactions, including acquisitions of asset
management firms, mutual funds, wealth management firms or other financial institutions, as well as hiring investment
professionals or teams. We consider opportunities that can enhance our existing operations, expand our range of investment
strategies and services, or further develop our distribution capabilities. By acquiring investment firms or by hiring investment
professionals or teams that successfully manage investment strategies outside our current areas of expertise, we can attract new
clients and provide existing clients with even more diversified investment strategies. We may also consider forging alliances
with other financial services or technology firms to leverage our core competency of developing and managing investment
strategies with partners that can provide enhanced distribution capabilities or additional service offerings.
Continue to strengthen our brand name. We believe that the strength of our brand name has been a key component to our
long-term success in the investment industry and will be instrumental to our future success. We have developed a strong brand
name largely through our performance, coupled with high-profile coverage in investment publications and electronic media.
Many of our investment professionals have been prominent in print and electronic media, and we will continue to use creative
ways to strengthen our brand name and reputation in our target markets.
Develop or acquire new investment strategies. We continue to look for opportunities to expand the range of investment
strategies we offer to existing and prospective clients. We may consider internally developed strategies that extend our existing
investment process to new markets, asset classes or strategies, and we may also consider externally acquired investment
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strategies. An expanded range of investment strategies offers additional ways to serve our client base, generating more
diversified revenue streams and providing asset and revenue growth potential.
Competition
We are subject to substantial and growing competition in all aspects of our business. Barriers to entry in the asset
management business are relatively low and we expect more competitors in future. Many asset managers are larger, better
known and have greater resources than us.
We compete with other asset management firms on the basis of investment strategies, investment performance in
absolute terms and relative to peer groups, quality of service, the levels of fees charged, attractive compensation offered to key
employees and the way in which investment strategies are marketed. Many of our competitors offer more investment strategies
and services than we do and many have substantially greater AUM.
We compete against numerous investment dealers, banks, insurance companies, mutual fund companies, exchange-
traded funds, brokerage and investment firms and others that sell equity funds, taxable income funds, tax-free investments and
other investment products. The allocation of assets by many investors from active equity investing to index funds, fixed income
or similar asset classes has enhanced the ability of firms offering non-equity asset classes and passive equity management to
compete more effectively with us. The demand for passive strategies with low-fee structures has rapidly increased and investors
frequently demand customized and personalized strategies to fit their investment needs. This shift in the marketplace may
benefit competitors offering certain investment vehicles that we do not offer. In summary, our competitive landscape is intense
and dynamic, which may affect our ability to compete successfully.
Additionally, most prospective clients perform a thorough review of an investment manager’s background, investment
policies and performance before committing assets. In many cases, prospective clients invite competing firms to make
presentations. The process of obtaining a new client typically takes twelve to eighteen months from the time of initial contact.
While we have achieved success in competing for clients, it is a process to which we dedicate significant resources over an
extended period with no certainty of winning client mandates.
Regulation
Virtually all aspects of our business are subject to federal, state and other non-U.S. jurisdictions' laws and regulations.
These laws and regulations are primarily intended to protect investment advisory clients. Under such laws and regulations,
agencies that regulate investment advisers have broad administrative powers, including the power to limit, restrict or prohibit
advisers from carrying on their business if they fail to comply with such laws and regulations. Possible sanctions include
suspension of individual employees, limitations on engaging in certain lines of business for specified periods of time,
revocation of investment adviser and other registrations, censures and fines. We believe that we are in compliance with all
material laws and regulations.
Westwood Management
Our business is subject to regulation at federal and state levels by the SEC and other regulatory bodies. Westwood
Management Corp. and Westwood Advisors, L.L.C. are registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act and under
the laws of various states. As RIAs, Westwood Management Corp. and Westwood Advisors, L.L.C. are regulated and subject to
examination by the SEC. The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on RIAs, including fiduciary duties,
record keeping, operational and marketing requirements and disclosure obligations. Westwood Management Corp. also acts as
adviser to the Westwood Funds®, a family of mutual funds registered with the SEC under the Investment Company Act of
1940 (the “Investment Company Act”). As an adviser to a registered investment company, Westwood Management Corp. must
comply with the Investment Company Act and related regulations. The Investment Company Act imposes numerous
obligations on registered investment companies, including requirements relating to operations, fees charged, sales, accounting,
record keeping, disclosure, governance, and restrictions on transactions with affiliates. Under SEC rules and regulations
promulgated pursuant to the federal securities laws, we are subject to periodic SEC examinations. The SEC can institute
proceedings and impose sanctions for violations of the Investment Advisers Act and the Investment Company Act, ranging
from censure to termination of an investment adviser’s registration. The failure of Westwood Management Corp. and
Westwood Advisors, L.L.C. to comply with SEC requirements could have a material adverse effect on Westwood. We are also
required to comply with anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, as
subsequently amended and reauthorized (the "Patriot Act"). We believe that we are in compliance with the regulations under the
Investment Advisers Act, the Investment Company Act and the Patriot Act.
As an investment adviser, we have a fiduciary duty to our clients. The SEC has interpreted that duty to impose standards,
requirements and limitations on, among other things: trading of client accounts, allocation of investment opportunities among
clients, use of soft dollars, execution of transactions and recommendations to clients. We manage accounts for our clients with
the authority to buy and sell securities, select broker-dealers to execute trades and negotiate brokerage commission rates. We
receive soft dollar credits from certain broker-dealers that are used to pay for brokerage and research-related products, which
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reduces certain company operating expenses. We intend to use soft dollars to pay only for brokerage and research related
products and services that fall within the safe harbor provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. If our ability to use soft
dollars were reduced or eliminated as a result of the implementation of statutory amendments or new regulations, our operating
expenses would increase.
Westwood Trust
Westwood Trust operates in a highly regulated environment and is subject to extensive supervision and examination. As
a Texas chartered trust company, Westwood Trust is subject to the Texas Finance Code (the "Finance Code"), the rules and
regulations promulgated under the Finance Code and supervision by the Texas Department of Banking. These laws are intended
primarily for the protection of Westwood Trust’s clients and creditors rather than for the benefit of investors. The Finance Code
provides for and regulates a variety of matters, such as:
• minimum capital maintenance requirements;
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restrictions on dividends;
restrictions on investments of restricted capital;
lending and borrowing limitations;
prohibitions against engaging in certain activities;
periodic fiduciary and information technology examinations by the Texas Department of Banking Commissioner;
furnishing periodic financial statements to the Texas Department of Banking Commissioner;
fiduciary record keeping requirements; and
prior regulatory approval for certain corporate events (such as mergers, the sale or purchase of all or substantially
all trust company assets and transactions transferring control of a trust company).
The Finance Code also gives the Banking Commissioner broad regulatory powers (including penalties and civil and
administrative actions) if the trust company violates certain provisions of the Finance Code, including implementing
conservatorship or closure if Westwood Trust is determined to be in a “hazardous condition” (as defined by applicable law).
Westwood Trust’s failure to comply with the Finance Code could have a material adverse effect on Westwood.
Westwood Trust is limited by the Finance Code in the payment of dividends to undivided profits, which is described as
that part of equity capital equal to the balance of net profits, income, gains and losses since formation minus subsequent
distributions to stockholders and transfers to surplus or capital under share dividends or appropriate board resolutions. At the
discretion of its Board of Directors (the "Board"), Westwood Trust has made quarterly and special dividend payments, and
other distributions, to Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. out of undivided profits.
SEC Broker-Dealer Registration / FINRA Regulation
SCLP is subject to regulation by the SEC, FINRA and various states. In addition, certain of our employees are registered
with FINRA and such states and subject to SEC, state and FINRA regulation. The failure of this company and/or employees to
comply with relevant regulation could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
We are subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), and to its related
regulations insofar as we are a fiduciary under ERISA with respect to some clients. ERISA and applicable provisions of the
Internal Revenue Code impose certain duties on fiduciaries under ERISA or on entities that provide services to ERISA plan
clients and prohibit certain transactions involving ERISA plan clients.
Human Capital Resources
Health and Safety
The health and safety of our employees is a high priority, consistent with our operating philosophy of focusing on
transparency, effective corporate governance, life principles and giving back to the communities in which we live and work.
Diversity and Inclusion
We believe that our culture of diversity and inclusion enables us to develop and fully utilize the strengths of our people.
As of December 31, 2023, approximately 43% of our workforce was female and minorities represented approximately 34% of
our workforce.
Employees
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At December 31, 2023, we had 145 full-time employees, all located in the U.S. No employees are represented by a labor
union, and we believe our employee relations are favorable. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 16% of our employees
held the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.
Environmental, Social and Governance ("ESG")
ESG Core Principles
Since inception, we have fostered a corporate culture focused on a set of core values. To keep us motivated, we have
found inspiration in Coach John Wooden’s Pyramid of Success™ which helps all of us aspire to and maintain a culture of
teamwork, integrity and putting client interests ahead of our own.
Our ESG focus is guided by the following six pillars:
1. Environmental impact;
2. Diversity, equity and inclusion;
3. Community;
4. Responsible investing;
5. Privacy and data protection; and
6. Governance.
We include ESG pillars in the way we conduct our business and measure ourselves against them because it makes good
sense. It improves our ability to create an environment that values true diversity, inclusiveness and transparency and ultimately
supports long-term employee growth. Our focus on transparency, corporate governance, life principles, ethical conduct and
giving back to the communities in which we operate is core to our values.
Governance
Westwood is committed to the successful integration and promotion of ESG at the corporate level and the investment
level. We have separate governing structures to ensure that we have the necessary leadership to create and sustain a clear
corporate strategy permeating our business. The separation of responsibilities among these governing structures ensures proper
accountability across our firm.
Westwood’s Board plays an important role to ensure that the interests of shareholders are being represented and that
Westwood is fulfilling its fiduciary duties. The Board regularly interacts with management to ensure that stakeholder interests
are properly considered. Management provides the Board with regular updates on our ESG efforts and collaboration between
the Board and those responsible for ESG is key to our implementation strategy. Our Board benefits from deep industry
experience and a majority of its members are independent which enables strong oversight of our business.
Westwood’s ESG Steering Committee is responsible for ensuring the effective execution of our overall ESG strategy.
Along with our CEO, this group sets the strategic direction for our ESG agenda, oversees implementation, and reviews our ESG
strategy with our Board.
We have established two additional groups, a Responsible Investment Committee and a Corporate Responsibility
Committee, to ensure we have the leadership required to create a clear corporate sustainability strategy across our business.
The Responsible Investment Committee was established to consider matters related to the maintenance, development and
implementation of our responsible investment practices in support of our ESG policy. The Corporate Responsibility Committee
was established for the oversight and implementation of our corporate sustainability strategy and ESG policies. The Corporate
Responsibility Committee governs as a cross-functional team designed to engage leadership across key corporate functions.
Responsible Investment / ESG Integration
Our responsible investment commitment is evident in our investment approach across our investment solutions where we
take a fundamental approach to identifying high-quality companies and sound businesses around the world. As an active asset
manager, ESG issues are directly linked into our bottom-up, fundamental assessment of companies. Our fundamental, financial
materiality-based approach to identifying high-quality companies and sound businesses around the world has always led our
investment team to consider these issues in our fundamental analyses, which evaluate the merits of a company's strategy,
downside risk and valuation. As ESG integration and evaluation techniques continue to evolve, we will adapt our analyses to
ensure we comply with our fiduciary responsibilities at all times.
Westwood is a signatory of the United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment ("UNPRI") and is committed to
adopting and implementing responsible investment principles in a manner consistent with our fiduciary duties to clients. We
support the UNPRI and recognize the importance of considering ESG issues as an element in our overall investment process.
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Engagement
As part of our fundamental investment research process, our analysts conduct meetings with target company
management and investor relations to understand strategy, execution and financial strength throughout the life of our
investment. Meetings inform our investment analysis and amplify our understanding of a business’s ability to adapt to changing
business environments. Meetings can take place in person, during investment conferences and video calls, and they build on
long-standing relationships. Our understanding of material issues affecting the company is captured and shared in our valuation
analysis and recommendations made by our Research Analysts.
Westwood does not set and track engagement objectives. We engage on specific topics on a case-by-case basis and when
ESG or other issues are of specific concern, our team seeks purposeful dialogue to understand how the company plans to
address the issues which will then be viewed from a "tracking" perspective over time. Our engagement is generally conducted
through direct dialogue between our investment professionals and company managements which provides a more constructive
approach toward understanding issues and encouraging solutions that provide value to stakeholders.
Proxy Voting
Westwood views proxy voting rights as valuable portfolio assets. Our overarching principle is to exercise voting
responsibilities solely in the best interests of our clients. We use proxy voting as a means of addressing corporate governance
issues and identifying corporate actions that enhance shareholder value. Our process benefits from multiple inputs and directly
involves our investment professionals.
Westwood uses guidelines from a third-party proxy research service, Glass, Lewis & Co. ("Glass Lewis"), that we
believe create value for our clients and cover most proxy issues. The Investment Operations Team, including the head of data
governance, oversees the implementation of our proxy voting policy. Westwood’s Corporate Responsibility Committee,
together with our investment team’s bi-monthly review of ballots, considers the proxy voting guidelines on environmental and
social issues laid out by Glass Lewis’s policy to be in alignment with our financial-materiality-based view of ESG integration.
Glass Lewis’s policy states that it will vote in when there is a clear link between the proposal and value enhancement or risk
mitigation. Our goal is to vote all proxies and, in most cases, we agree with and follow the recommendations of our proxy
research service however our Research Analysts review proxies bi-monthly and occasionally recommend a vote that differs
from Glass Lewis. We vote against recommendations when we believe that it is in our clients’ best interests to do so. A
summary of voting is sent to each client for whom proxies are voted on an annual basis.
Social Impact and Corporate Giving
Westwood has a long history of community involvement and support of local charitable causes. This involvement is a
cornerstone of our culture, drives employee engagement and makes employees proud to work at Westwood. In honoring
Westwood’s history of community involvement and support of local charitable causes, Westwood supports and partners with
organizations that embrace activities that align with Westwood’s core values of teamwork, excellence, integrity and placement
of client and stakeholder interests above our own. Every year, Westwood supports several charitable organizations financially
and through employee volunteer efforts focused on issues that include education, children’s needs, homelessness, food
insecurity and disaster relief.
Environment
At Westwood, we embrace caring for our communities and work hard to take care of the world around us. Westwood is
committed to the responsible use, and protection of, our natural environment through conservation and sustainable practices that
enhance ecosystem resilience, human well-being and ultimately our company’s strength and resiliency. Through our initiative
to calculate our travel-related carbon footprint and buy offset carbon credits, we have begun to measure and offset greenhouse
gas emissions. We are committed to offsetting our carbon emissions generated through air travel, a substantial portion of our
emissions as an asset manager.
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
Diversity is an important part of our culture and identity; approximately 43% of our employees are women — many in
senior positions — and approximately 34% of our employees self-identify as members of minority communities.
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion concepts are an integral part of our history, culture and identity. Westwood was founded
by a woman — a remarkable feat in 1983, when the finance industry had only a small percentage of women in the workforce.
We embrace opportunity for individuals from all backgrounds and are committed to fostering an environment that values
unique ideas, perspectives and experiences. We believe that, in such an environment, our employees feel valued, involved and
empowered to do their best work, deliver the best possible service to our clients and meet their full potential.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
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We believe these represent the material risks currently facing our business. Our business, financial condition or results
of operations could be materially adversely affected by these risks. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to
any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should carefully consider the risks described below
before making an investment decision. You should also refer to the other information included or incorporated by reference in
this Report, including our financial statements and related notes.
Risks Related to the Investment Industry
Our results of operations depend upon the market value and composition of AUM and AUA, which can fluctuate
significantly based on various factors, some of which are beyond our control.
Our revenues are primarily generated from fees derived as a percentage of AUM and AUA. The value of our AUM and
AUA can be negatively impacted by several factors, including:
• Market performance: Performance of the securities markets could be impacted by a number of factors beyond our
control, including, among others, general economic downturns, political uncertainty, acts of terrorism or natural
disasters. Negative performance within the securities markets or short-term volatility within the securities markets could
result in investors withdrawing assets, decreasing their rates of investment or shifting assets to cash or other asset classes
or strategies that we do not manage, all of which could reduce our revenues. In addition, during periods of slowing
growth or declining revenues, profits and profit margins are adversely affected because certain expenses remain
relatively fixed.
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Investment performance: Because we compete with many asset management firms on the basis of our investment
strategies, the maintenance and growth of AUM and AUA is dependent, to a significant extent, on the investment
performance of the assets that we manage. Poor performance may result in the loss or reduction of client accounts, which
decreases revenues. Underperformance relative to peer groups and/or relevant benchmarks for our various investment
strategies could adversely affect our results of operations, especially if such underperformance continues for an extended
period of time. The historical returns of our strategies and the ratings and rankings we, or the mutual funds that we
advise, have received in the past should not be considered indicative of the future results of these strategies or of any
other strategies that we may develop in the future. The investment performance we achieve for our customers varies
over time and variances can be wide. In addition, certain of our investment strategies have capacity constraints, as there
may be a limit to the number of securities available for certain strategies to operate effectively. In those instances, we
may choose to limit access to new or existing investors.
The investment management and wealth management industry is highly competitive and innovative.
The investment management and wealth management industry is highly competitive based on a variety of factors,
including investment performance, fee rates, continuity of investment professionals and client relationships, the quality of
services provided to clients, corporate positioning, business reputation and differentiated products. A number of factors
increase our competitive risks, including the following:
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Potential competitors have a relatively low cost of entering the investment management industry;
• Many competitors have greater financial, technological, marketing and other resources, more comprehensive name
recognition and more personnel than we do;
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The continuing trend toward consolidation in the investment management industry, and the securities business in general,
has served to increase the size and strength of some of our competitors;
Recent changes in consumer demand for technological capabilities, including the enhanced ability for firms to offer
lower fees for passive management strategies, has increased competition in our industry;
Shifts in demand for alternative investment styles, asset classes and distribution vehicles may cause our competitors to be
perceived as more attractive;
Other industry participants, hedge funds and alternative asset managers may seek to recruit our investment professionals;
Some competitors charge lower fees for their investment management services than we do;
Some competitors may provide more comprehensive client services, including banking, financial planning and tax
planning at levels beyond those we currently provide; and
Some competitors may have more sophisticated, innovative or advanced distribution networks than we do.
In particular, we have faced significant competition from competitors with lower fee, passive investment strategies.
Investment advisors that emphasize passive products have gained, and may continue to gain, significant market share from
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active managers like us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. If we are unable to compete effectively,
our earnings could be reduced and our business could be adversely affected.
Some of our strategies invest in the securities of non-U.S. companies, which involve foreign currency exchange,
tax, political, social and economic uncertainties and risks.
Some of our strategies offer access to global markets with significant exposure to non-U.S. companies. Fluctuations in
foreign currency exchange rates could negatively affect the returns of clients invested in these strategies. Investments in non-
U.S. issuers may also be affected by tax positions taken in countries or regions in which we are invested, as well as political,
social and economic uncertainty or other diplomatic developments. Many financial markets are less developed or efficient than
U.S. financial markets with limited liquidity and higher price volatility, and may lack an established regulatory framework.
Liquidity and price volatility may be adversely affected by political or economic events, government policies and social or civil
unrest within a particular country. These risks, among others, could adversely affect the performance of our strategies invested
in securities of non-U.S. issuers and may be particularly acute in emerging or less developed markets. As a result, we may be
unable to attract or retain client investments in these strategies, or assets invested in these strategies may experience significant
declines in value and our results of operations may be negatively affected.
Legal and Regulatory Risks
Our business is subject to extensive regulation, which is subject to frequent change, with attendant compliance
costs and serious consequences for violations; expansion into international markets and introduction of new products
and services increases our regulatory and operational risks.
Virtually all aspects of our business are subject to laws and regulations, including the Investment Advisers Act, the
Investment Company Act, the Patriot Act, the Finance Code and anti-money laundering laws. These laws and regulations
generally grant regulatory agencies broad administrative powers, including the power to limit or restrict us from operating our
business, as well as powers to place us under conservatorship or closure if we fail to comply with such laws and regulations.
Violations of such laws or regulations could subject us or our employees to disciplinary proceedings and civil or criminal
liability, including revocation of licenses, censures, fines or temporary suspensions, permanent barring from the conduct of
business, conservatorship or closure. Any such proceeding or liability could have a material adverse effect upon our business,
financial condition, results of operations and business prospects.
In addition, the regulatory environment in which we operate is subject to change. We may be adversely affected as a
result of new or revised legislation or regulations or by changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and
regulations. In recent years, regulators have increased their oversight of the financial services industry. Some regulations are
focused directly on the investment management industry, while others are more broadly focused but affect our industry as well.
The Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 significantly increased and revised the federal rules and regulations governing the financial
services industry and, in addition to other regulations, has generally resulted in increased compliance and administrative
requirements. For example, the SEC’s adoption of Form PF and revisions to Form ADV impose additional reporting
requirements for SEC-registered investment advisors. Additionally, ERISA Section 408(b)(2) and related regulations require
additional information to be provided to ERISA-governed retirement plans. While we believe that changes in laws, rules and
regulations, including those discussed above, have increased our administrative and compliance costs, we are unable to quantify
the increased costs attributable to such changes. See “Item 1. Business — Regulation.”
We engage in product offerings and international business activities through our global multi-asset securities product
offerings that are available to our international and domestic clients. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 1% of our AUM
is managed for clients who are domiciled outside the U. S. As a result, we face increased operational, regulatory, compliance,
marketing, client service, reputational and foreign exchange rate risks. In particular, rapid regulatory change is occurring
internationally with respect to financial institutions, including, but not limited to, anticipated revisions to the European
Communities (Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities, or "UCITS") Regulations 2011 and the
Markets in Financial Instruments Directive. The failure of our compliance and internal control systems to properly identify and
mitigate such additional risks, or of our operating infrastructure to support international activities, could result in operational
failures and actions by regulatory agencies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We devote considerable time and resources to both domestic and international compliance; however, we may fail to
timely and properly identify regulatory requirements or modify our compliance procedures for changes in our regulatory
environment, which may subject us to legal proceedings, domestic and foreign government investigations, penalties and fines.
Our business involves risks of being engaged in litigation and liability that could increase our expenses and reduce
our results of operations.
Many aspects of our business involve substantial risks of liability. We could be named as defendants or co-defendants in
lawsuits or could be involved in disputes that involve the threat of lawsuits seeking substantial damages. As an SEC-RIA,
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mutual fund adviser, trustee to certain Trust clients and publicly-traded entity, we are subject to governmental and self-
regulatory organization examinations, investigations and proceedings. Similarly, the investment strategies that we manage
could be subject to actual or threatened lawsuits and governmental and self-regulatory organization investigations and
proceedings, any of which could harm the investment returns or reputation of the applicable fund or result in our being liable
for any resulting damages. There has been an increased incidence of litigation and regulatory investigations in the asset
management industry in recent years, including customer claims, as well as class action suits seeking substantial damages.
While customers do not have legal recourse against us solely on the basis of poor investment results, if our investment
strategies perform poorly or we provide poor financial advice, we are more likely to become subject to litigation brought by
dissatisfied clients. In addition, to the extent customers are successful in claiming that their losses resulted from fraud,
negligence, willful misconduct, breach of contract or other similar misconduct, these clients may have remedies against us, the
mutual funds and other funds we advise or our investment professionals under the federal securities laws or state law. See the
discussion of legal proceedings in Item 3. "Legal Proceedings".
Business and Operational Risks
Due to the substantial cost and time required to introduce new investment strategies or expand the market for
current strategies, we may not be able to successfully introduce investment strategies in a timely manner, or at all.
We have incurred significant costs to develop new investment strategies, launch new mutual funds under the Westwood
Funds® name, and upgrade our business infrastructure. We expect to continue to incur significant costs related to such
improvements.
The development of new investment strategies, whether through acquisition or internal development, requires a
substantial amount of time and significant financial resources, including expenses related to compensation, sales and marketing,
information technology, legal counsel and other professional services. Our ability to market and sell a new investment strategy
depends on our financial resources, the investment performance of the specific strategy, the timing of the offering, the timing of
regulatory approvals and our marketing strategies. Once an investment strategy is developed, we must effectively introduce the
strategy to existing and prospective clients. Our ability to sell new investment strategies to existing and prospective clients may
depend on our ability to meet or exceed the performance of our competitors offering the same or a similar strategy. We may not
be able to manage the assets within a given investment strategy profitably, and it may take years before we produce the kind of
results that will attract clients. If we are unable to realize the benefits of the costs and expenses incurred in developing new
investment strategies, we may experience losses as a result of our management of these investment strategies, and our ability to
introduce further new investment strategies and compete in our industry may be hampered.
To introduce new investment strategies, we may seek to add new investment teams. To the extent we are unable to
recruit and retain investment teams to complement our existing business model, we may not be successful in diversifying and
increasing our investment strategies and client assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and future
prospects. The addition of a new team using an investment strategy with which we may have limited or no experience may
require additional resources to update our operational platform and could strain our operational resources and increase the
possibility of operational errors. Additional investments may be required to improve our operational platform. If any new
teams or strategies perform poorly and fail to attract sufficient assets, our results of operations and reputation may be adversely
affected.
Damage to our reputation could harm our business and have a material adverse effect on our results of
operations.
Our brand is a valuable intangible asset that could be vulnerable to threats that can be difficult or impossible to anticipate
or control. Regulatory inquiries and rumors could damage our reputation, even if they are unfounded or satisfactorily addressed.
Our reputation could also be negatively affected by employees and third parties acting on our behalf, who may circumvent our
controls or act in a manner inconsistent with our policies and procedures. Public perception of our brand could be negatively
affected by decreases in our profitability, AUM or stock price. Damage to our brand could impede our ability to attract and
retain customers and key employees and could reduce our AUM, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of
operations.
Our success depends on certain key employees and our ability to attract and develop new, talented professionals.
Our inability to attract and retain key employees could compromise our future success.
Our future success depends upon our ability to attract and retain professional and executive employees, including
investment, marketing, client service and management personnel. There is substantial competition for skilled personnel within
the asset management business, and the failure to attract, develop, retain and motivate qualified personnel could negatively
impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects. In order to retain or replace key personnel,
we may be required to increase compensation, which would decrease net income. Investment and sales professionals often
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maintain strong relationships with their clients, and their departure may cause us to lose client accounts, which could have a
material impact on our revenues and results of operations.
Failure to perform operational tasks or the misrepresentation of products and services could have an adverse
effect on our reputation and our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our operations are complex, and our failure to properly perform portfolio responsibilities, including security pricing,
corporate actions, investment restrictions compliance, daily net asset value calculations, account reconciliations, tax reporting,
investment performance calculations and portfolio oversight could result in reputational harm or subject us to regulatory
sanctions, fines, penalties and litigation.
We use advertising materials, public relations information and other external communications to market and sell our
investment products. Failure to accurately calculate and present investment performance data within established guidelines and
regulations could result in reputational harm or subject us to regulatory sanctions, fines, penalties and litigation.
Damage to our reputation could impede our ability to attract and retain customers and key employees and could reduce
our AUM, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Significant regulatory sanctions, fines,
penalties, and litigation could also materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Failure to select appropriate third-party vendors and apply appropriate oversight of third-party vendors could
disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We rely on third-party vendors to perform important portions of our operations, and there is no assurance that our third-
party vendors will properly perform or follow our processes, policies and procedures. There is no assurance that our plans for
transition or delegation to a third-party vendor will be successful or that there will not be interruptions in service from these
third parties. A third-party vendor's failure to accurately perform important operations or follow our processes, policies and
procedures could result in the loss of clients, significant regulatory sanctions, fines, penalties and litigation, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are a holding company dependent on the operations and funds of our subsidiaries.
We are a holding company, with no revenue-generating operations or assets other than our ownership interests in
Westwood Management, Westwood Trust and Broadmark. Accordingly, we are dependent on the cash flow generated by these
operating subsidiaries and rely on dividends or other intercompany transfers from our operating subsidiaries to generate the
funds necessary to meet our obligations.
Technology and Privacy Risks
Failure to implement and maintain effective cyber security controls could disrupt our operations and have a
material adverse effect on our results of operations, reputation and stock price.
Our business is dependent on information technology systems and the cyber security controls we and our third party
vendors have in place to protect those systems and the information contained therein. Despite the implementation of protective
measures and endeavoring to modify them as circumstances warrant, our computer systems, software, networks and vendors
may be vulnerable to human error, natural disasters, power loss, spam attacks, unauthorized access, distributed denial of service
attacks, computer viruses and other malicious code, and other events that could result in significant liability and damage to our
reputation, and have an ongoing impact on the security and stability of our operations. The techniques used in these attacks are
increasingly sophisticated, change frequently and are often not recognized until launched. A failure of our and our third party
vendors' controls to protect our information technology from an external or internal attack or to prevent a breach of confidential
client or competitive information could materially interrupt our operations and expose us to regulatory and legal actions, which
could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, reputation and stock price. As attempted attacks continue to
evolve in scope and sophistication, we may be required to expend substantial additional resources to modify or enhance our
protective measures, to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures or to communicate about cyber attacks to
our customers.
Additionally, the SEC issued guidance in February 2018 stating that, as a public company, we are expected to have
controls and procedures that relate to cyber security disclosure, and are required under the federal securities laws to disclose
information relating to certain cyber attacks or other information security breaches. Successful cyber attacks at other asset
management companies or other market participants, whether or not we are affected, could lead to a general loss of customer
confidence in the industry that could negatively affect us, including harming the market perception of the effectiveness of our
security measures, which could result in a loss of business.
Our business is vulnerable to systems failures that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
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Any delays or inaccuracies in securities pricing information or information processing could give rise to claims that
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We are highly dependent on
information systems and third-party vendors for securities pricing information, information processing and updates for certain
software. We, or our third-party vendors, may suffer a systems failure or interruption, whether caused by an earthquake, fire,
other natural disaster, power or telecommunications failure, unauthorized access, force majeure, act of war or otherwise, and
our back-up procedures and capabilities may be inadequate to prevent the risk of extended interruptions in operations.
Misuse of assets and information in the possession of our employees and third-party vendors could damage our
reputation and result in costly litigation and liability for our clients and us.
Our employees and certain third-party vendors handle significant amounts of assets along with financial and personal
information for our clients. Our employees or third party vendors could misuse or improperly disclose such information, either
inadvertently or intentionally, which could harm our reputation. We have implemented a system of controls to minimize the risk
of fraudulent use of assets and information; however, our controls may be insufficient to prevent fraudulent actions by
employees or third party vendors. If our controls are ineffective, we could be subject to costly litigation, which could consume
financial resources, distract management, damage our reputation and result in regulatory sanctions. Such fraudulent actions
could also adversely affect clients, causing them to seek redress.
Risks Related to Ownership of Stock and Corporate Governance
Our stock is thinly traded and may be subject to volatility.
Although our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange, it may be relatively illiquid, or “thinly traded,”
which can increase share price volatility and make it difficult for larger investors to buy or sell shares in the public market
without affecting the share price. Investors may be unable to buy or sell a certain quantity of our shares in the public market
within one or more trading days. If any such limited trading in our stock continues, it may be difficult for holders to sell their
shares in the public market at any given time at prevailing prices.
The prevailing market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, some of
which are beyond our control, including actual or anticipated fluctuations in operating results; changes in market valuations of
other similar companies; additions or departures of key personnel; future sales of common stock; deviations in net revenues or
in losses from levels expected by the investment community; and trading volume fluctuations.
Distributions to our common stockholders have included and may in the future include a return of capital.
Future distributions to our common stockholders may include a return of capital. To the extent that we distribute amounts
that exceed our accumulated earnings, these distributions would constitute a return of capital to the extent of the common
stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in its shares of our common stock. A return of capital represents a return of a common
stockholder’s original investment in shares of our common stock and should not be confused with a distribution from earnings.
Although return of capital distributions may not be taxable, such distributions may increase an investor’s tax liability for capital
gains upon the sale of our common stock by reducing the investor’s tax basis in its shares of our common stock. Such returns of
capital reduce our asset base and could result in future needs for debt or capital infusions, which could have a material adverse
impact on our business.
Actions of activist stockholders could cause us to incur substantial costs, divert the attention and resources of our
management and the Board of Directors, and have an adverse effect on our business and stock price.
We have been and may continue to be subject to proposals by stockholders urging us to take certain corporate actions or
seeking to acquire control over the Company. If activist stockholder activities continue or new activities arise, our business
could be adversely affected as responding to actions by activist stockholders can be costly and time-consuming, disrupt our
operations, and divert the attention of management and our Board of Directors, all of which could interfere with our ability to
execute our strategic plan. We have retained, and may be required to continue to retain, the services of various professionals to
advise us on activist stockholder matters, including legal, financial and communications advisors, the costs of which may
adversely affect our financial results. In addition, the perceived uncertainties as to our future direction, strategy or leadership
created as a consequence of activist stockholder initiatives may result in the loss of potential business opportunities, result in the
loss of key personnel, harm our ability to attract new investors, clients and employees, and cause our stock price to experience
periods of volatility or stagnation.
Risks Related to our Clients
Competitive fee pressures could reduce revenues and profit margins.
To the extent we have to compete on the basis of price, we may not be able to maintain a profitable fee structure. In
recent years, there has been a trend toward lower fees in the investment management industry driven in large part by low-cost,
passive strategies, and we are actively marketing lower fee structures to stay competitive. We cannot be assured that we will
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succeed in providing investment returns and service levels that will allow us to maintain a profitable fee structure. Continued
fee reductions on existing or future new business could have an adverse effect on our profit margins and results of operations.
In addition, we have performance fee agreements with certain clients, who pay a fee if we outperform a specified index
over predetermined periods of time. We may not be able to outperform such indexes, and failure to do so would cause us to
earn none or only part of those potential revenues, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of
operations. Our revenues from performance-based fees can fluctuate significantly between measurement periods, depending on
how we perform relative to the indexes specified in these agreements. For example, we earned performance fees of $1.6 million
in 2023, $1.0 million in 2022 and $3.4 million in 2021.
Our business is dependent on investment advisory, sub-advisory, and trust agreements that are subject to
termination or non-renewal and investments we manage under such agreements may be redeemed. As a result, we could
lose clients on very short notice.
Substantially all of our revenues are derived pursuant to investment advisory, sub-advisory and trust agreements with our
clients that are subject to termination without advance notice. Investors in funds that we advise or sub-advise may redeem their
investments at any time without prior notice, thereby reducing our AUM. These investors may redeem for any reason, including
general financial market conditions, our absolute or relative investment performance or their own financial condition and
requirements. In a declining stock market, the pace of redemptions could accelerate. Substantial additional redemptions or a
termination or failure to renew a material number of these agreements would adversely affect our revenues and have a material
adverse effect on our earnings and financial condition.
A small number of clients account for a substantial portion of our business, and a reduction or loss of business
with any of these clients could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We are dependent to a significant degree on our ability to maintain our relationships with clients, consultants, managed
account platforms and other intermediaries. Our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 21%, 22% and 22% of our fee
revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be
successful in maintaining existing relationships, securing additional relationships or achieving the superior investment
performance necessary to earn performance-based advisory fees. Our failure to retain one or more of these large relationships or
to establish additional profitable relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
General Risk Factors
We have made and may continue to make business combinations as a part of our business strategy, which may
present risks and uncertainties.
We may continue to seek business acquisitions as a means of broadening our offerings and capturing additional
opportunities. However, there is no guarantee that we will be successful in identifying target companies that meet our criteria
for acquisition. Additionally, future acquisitions may require us to obtain additional equity or debt financing, which may not be
available on attractive terms, if at all.
The success of our historical and future business combinations also depends on our ability to integrate the operations of
the acquired businesses efficiently and effectively with our existing operations and realize the anticipated benefits from them.
The potential risks associated with successful integration and realization of benefits include, but are not limited to the
following:
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our due diligence may not identify or fully assess valuation issues, potential liabilities or other acquisition risks;
acquired entities may not achieve anticipated revenue targets, cost savings or other synergies or benefits, or
acquisitions may not result in improved operating performance, which could adversely affect our earnings, and we
may be unable to recover investments in any such acquisitions;
we may have difficulty integrating acquired businesses, resulting in unforeseen difficulties and greater expenses than
expected;
we may have difficulty entering into new markets in which we are not experienced in an efficient and cost-effective
manner while maintaining adequate standards, controls and procedures;
key personnel within an acquired organization may resign from their related positions resulting in a significant loss to
our strategic and operational efficiency associated with the acquired company;
the effectiveness of our daily operations may be reduced by the redirection of employees and other resources to
acquisition and integration activities;
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we may assume liabilities of an acquired business (including litigation, tax liabilities, and other contingent liabilities),
including liabilities that were unknown at the time of the acquisition, that pose future risks to our working capital
needs, cash flows and the profitability of related operations;
we may assume unprofitable projects that pose future risks to our working capital needs, cash flows and the
profitability of related operations; or
business acquisitions may include substantial transactional costs to complete the acquisition that exceed the estimated
financial and operational benefit.
Failure to effectively execute our strategic growth plan could result in damage to our reputation and could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We believe that we have established a strong platform to support future growth, but there is no assurance that we will
appropriately execute our strategic plans, including but not limited to acquisitions, divestitures or other strategic transactions.
As part of our long-term business strategy, we may pursue corporate development transactions including the acquisition
of asset management firms, mutual funds, wealth management firms and investment professionals or teams. Acquisitions
involve inherent risks that could compromise the success of the combined business and dilute the holdings of current
stockholders. See “Item 1. Business — Growth Strategy.” If we are incorrect when assessing the value, strengths, weaknesses,
liabilities and potential profitability of such transactions, or if we fail to adequately integrate the acquired businesses or
individuals, the success of the combined business could be compromised. Business acquisitions are subject to the risks
commonly associated with such transactions including, among others, potential exposure to unknown liabilities of acquired
companies and to acquisition costs and expenses, the difficulty and expense of integrating the operations and personnel of the
acquired companies, potential disruptions to the business of the combined company and potential diversion of management’s
time and attention, the impairment of relationships with and the possible loss of key employees and clients as a result of
changes in management, potential litigation or other legal risks, potential write-downs related to goodwill impairments in
connection with acquisitions and dilution to the stockholders of the combined company if the acquisition is made for stock of
the combined company. In addition, investment strategies, technologies or businesses of acquired companies may not be
effectively assimilated into our business or may have a negative effect on the combined company’s revenues or earnings. The
combined company may also incur significant expenses to complete acquisitions and support acquired investment strategies and
businesses. Further, any such acquisitions may be funded with cash, debt or equity, which could dilute the holdings or limit the
rights of stockholders. Finally, we may not be successful in identifying attractive acquisition candidates or completing
acquisitions on favorable terms.
Divestitures involve inherent risks that could compromise the success of our business. Risks related to divestitures can
include difficulties in the separation of the divested business, loss of clients, retention or obligation to indemnify certain
liabilities, the failure of counterparties to satisfy payment obligations, unfavorable market conditions that may impact any
earnout or contingency payment due to us, unexpected difficulties in losing employees of the divested business or asset
impairments.
As consumer demand for digital interaction with investment advisors and portfolios continues to grow, we are exploring
opportunities to develop digital solutions to enhance services to our clients. If we are incorrect in assessing the value, strengths,
weaknesses and potential profitability of such solutions, or if we fail to adequately integrate the solutions, the success of our
overall business could be compromised. The initial investment in the necessary technological capabilities and the potential
diversion of management’s time and attention could have a material impact to our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
There is no assurance that we will be successful in overcoming these or other risks encountered with acquisitions,
divestitures and other strategic transactions. These risks may prevent us from realizing the expected benefits from acquisitions
or divestitures and could result in the failure to realize the full economic value of a strategic transaction.
Various factors may hinder the declaration and payment of dividends.
We have historically paid a quarterly dividend; however, payment of future dividends is subject to the discretion of our
Board, and various factors may impact our ability to maintain the current dividend or pay dividends at all. We reinstated a
dividend in the first quarter of 2021, following its suspension in the second quarter of 2020 as we preserved capital and
provided additional financial flexibility amid uncertainties created by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such factors include our
financial position, capital requirements and liquidity, tax regulations, stock repurchase plans, state corporate and banking law
restrictions, results of operations and other factors that our Board may consider relevant. As a holding company, our ability to
pay dividends is dependent on the dividends and income we receive from our subsidiaries. Currently, our primary source of
cash consists of dividends from Westwood Management or Westwood Trust. The payment of dividends by Westwood Trust is
subject to the discretion of its Board and compliance with applicable laws, including the provisions of the Finance Code
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applicable to Westwood Trust. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.”
We may not be able to fund future capital requirements on favorable terms, if at all.
We cannot be certain that financing to fund our working capital or other cash requirements, if needed, will be available
on favorable terms, if at all. Our capital requirements may vary greatly from quarter to quarter depending on, among other
things, capital expenditures, technological investments and fluctuations in our operating results and financing activities. If
financing becomes necessary, we may or may not be able to obtain financing on favorable terms, if at all. Further, any future
equity financings could dilute the relative percentage ownership of then existing common stockholders, and any future debt
financings could involve restrictive covenants that limit our ability to take certain actions.
Failure to properly identify and address conflicts of interest could harm our reputation or cause clients to
withdraw funds, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
The SEC and other regulators have increased their scrutiny of potential conflicts of interest, and we have implemented
procedures and controls that we believe are reasonably designed to address these issues. However, appropriately dealing with
conflicts of interest is complex, and if we fail, or appear to fail, to deal appropriately with conflicts of interest, we could face
reputational damage, litigation or regulatory proceedings, any of which may adversely affect our results of operations.
As we expand the scope of our business and our client base, we must also continue to monitor and address any potential
new conflicts between the interests of our stockholders and those of our clients. Our clients may withdraw funds if they
perceive conflicts of interest between the investment decisions we make for strategies in which they have invested and our
obligations to our stockholders. For example, we may limit the growth of assets in or close strategies or otherwise take action to
slow the flow of assets when we believe it is in the best interest of our clients, even though our AUM and investment
management fees may be negatively impacted. Similarly, we may establish or add new investment teams or expand operations
into other geographic areas or jurisdictions if we believe such actions are in the best interest of our clients, even though our
results of operations may be adversely affected in the short term. Although we believe such actions enable us to retain client
assets and maintain our profit margins, if clients perceive a change in our investment or operational decisions favors a strategy
to maximize short term results, they may withdraw funds, which could adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
Insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover legal and regulatory proceedings.
We maintain insurance coverage in amounts and on terms we believe appropriate to cover legal and regulatory matters
and potential cyber security attacks; however, we can make no assurance that there will be adequate coverage or that a specific
claim will be covered by our insurance policies. Additionally, insurance premiums may rise for substantially the same coverage
amounts and terms, which will increase our expenses and reduce net income.
Failure to maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock
price.
Effective internal controls are necessary to provide reliable financial reports. If we cannot provide reliable financial
reports, our brand and operating results could be harmed. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, contain
inherent limitations, and systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial
statement preparation and presentation.
We cannot be certain that the measures we take to evaluate and improve our internal controls will ensure that we
implement and maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting. Any failure to implement required new or
improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to
meet our reporting obligations. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified,
supplemented or amended, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude that we have effective internal control over
financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Failure to achieve and maintain an
effective internal control environment could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which
could have a material adverse effect on our stock price.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 1C. Cybersecurity.
Over the past several years we have invested significantly to enhance our cybersecurity governance. We have expanded
our control access to data and systems, invested in firewalls and security systems, elevated internal awareness through trainings
and exercises, and upgraded our systems, programs and intrusion monitoring.
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We conduct periodic vulnerability assessments based on our use of technology, third party vendor relationships and
reported changes in cybercrime methodologies, and in response to any attempted cyber incident, among other circumstances.
We protect all the assets of our clients and safeguard the proprietary and confidential information of Westwood and its
employees, which is a fundamental responsibility of every Westwood employee. Westwood is responsible for distributing our
policies and procedures to employees and conducting appropriate employee training to ensure employees’ adherence to our
policies and procedures. Repeated or serious violations of our policies by employees or independent contractors may result in
disciplinary action against such persons, which may include restricted permissions or prohibitions and/or termination.
Our President and Chief Operating Officer is responsible for reviewing, maintaining and enforcing our policies and
procedures to ensure we meet our overall cybersecurity goals and objectives, while at a minimum, ensuring compliance with
applicable federal and state laws and regulations.
We have also designed procedures to implement our cybersecurity policy, minimize cybersecurity threats to our clients
and conduct reviews to monitor and ensure our policy is observed, properly implemented and amended or updated as necessary,
including cybersecurity oversight, periodic risk assessments and external consultant reviews, access restrictions, ongoing
training, governance policies and procedures, authentication protocols, secure access measures, and policies for elevating
suspicious activities.
Westwood has an established vendor management policy, which considers risks related to new or existing vendors,
defines new vendor selection, vendor renewal, vendor monitoring and vendor risk assessment. The review of vendors is led by
our Chief Compliance Officer and each vendor relationship owner, and involves reviewing System and Organization Controls
reports, Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements number 18 reports, and other reviews of internal controls.
Westwood’s Board is responsible for overseeing the effective execution of our overall cybersecurity programs. Along
with management, our Board reviews our cybersecurity efforts and programs and is informed of cybersecurity risks primarily
through discussions with management, trainings and exercises.
Westwood relies on its Board, in conjunction with senior management members, to ensure ongoing success of its
cybersecurity environment. Our Board’s responsibilities include, but are not limited to:
a. Overseeing effective implementation of our cybersecurity initiatives and alignment with agreed policies and
strategies;
b. Oversight of the continued and consistent implementation of our cybersecurity policies and procedures; and
c. Promoting overall corporate commitment to cybersecurity.
Westwood management is responsible for the execution of the framework for the management of our information
security. These responsibilities include, but are not limited to:
a. Designing, implementing and executing our framework over information security management;
b. Reviewing and updating our policies and procedures annually;
c. Assigning all data within Westwood to an appropriate owner, and ensuring data owners have knowledge of
such data and have an information classification selected for that data;
d. Ensuring annual compliance with our information security management policies and procedures;
e. Application and execution of our risk management framework in the event of a potential issue; and
f. Development and execution of an action plan for each potential issue to address risks via remediating,
mitigating, accepting or closing the issue.
Our management members, specifically our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, President and Chief
Operating Officer, Information Security Officer and Chief Compliance Officer, have cybersecurity expertise gained through
years of training, internal and external discussions, numerous learning exercises, and development, execution and evaluation of
our cybersecurity policies.
If a potential cybersecurity breach were to be identified, management would implement its incident response plan. This
plan, which provides for a quick, effective and orderly response to information security incidents relies on our Incident
Response Team (“IRT”) to report findings to management and the appropriate authorities as necessary. The IRT, comprised of
various cross-functional subject matter experts, is also responsible for:
a. Detecting and analyzing suspicious events that might indicate an event has occurred;
b. Containing, eradicating and restoring normal operations if an event has occurred through quick responses,
isolating and preserving evidence to aid in remediation and assisting investigators, isolating additional systems from
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being impacted by the situation being remediated, tracking issues, communicating a strategy and protocol to follow to
maintain control of information and confidentiality and to ensure members of the IRT and Westwood management are
kept informed of issues as the incident develops and is resolved, and developing and implementing strategies for
ensuring the integrity of impacted information systems and critical information hosted on those systems.
In the event of a cybersecurity breach Westwood management notifies our Board as soon as practicable, along with
affected parties including clients, regulatory bodies, third parties and employees, as necessary and required by applicable laws
and regulations.
Item 2. Properties.
Westwood, Westwood Management and Westwood Trust conduct their principal operations using approximately 38,000
square feet of leased office space in Dallas, Texas pursuant to a lease with an initial term that expires in March 2026. In
addition, we lease approximately 11,000 square feet of office space in Houston, Texas pursuant to a lease that expires in
September 2029. We lease a limited amount of office space in San Francisco, California and Chicago, Illinois.
We continue to assess these facilities to ensure their adequacy to serve our anticipated business needs.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are subject from time to time to certain claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
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Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
PART II
Securities.
Market Information
Our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WHG.” At December 31, 2023, there
were approximately 190 record holders of our common stock, although we believe that the number of beneficial owners of our
common stock is substantially greater.
Dividends
Declarations of cash dividends is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and is subject to limitations under the
Delaware General Corporation Law.
Westwood Holdings Group is the sole stockholder of Westwood Management and Westwood Trust. Westwood Trust is
limited in the payment of dividends under applicable Texas law to the amount of undivided profits, which is defined as that part
of equity capital equal to the balance of net profits, income, gains and losses since formation minus subsequent distributions to
stockholders and transfers to surplus or capital under share dividends or appropriate Board resolutions.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On July 20, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized management to repurchase up to $10.0 million of our outstanding
common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The Board authorized an additional $5.0 million of
repurchases under the share repurchase program in July 2016, an additional $10.0 million in February 2020, and an additional
$10.0 million in April 2020. The share repurchase program has no expiration date and may be discontinued at any time by the
Board of Directors.
As of December 31, 2023, there are $1.8 million of shares that may yet be repurchased under our share repurchase plan.
The Company did not repurchase any shares of our common stock during the year ended December 31, 2023.
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Performance Graph
The following graph compares total stockholder returns of Westwood since December 31, 2018 with the total return of
the Russell 2000 Index and the S&P U.S. BMI Asset Management & Custody Banks Index, a composite of various publicly-
traded asset management companies.
Index
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. ...................
$ 100.00 $
95.59 $
47.65 $
62.90 $
43.14 $
51.33
Russell 2000 Index .........................................
100.00
125.53
150.58
172.90
137.56
160.85
Period ended December 31,
Cumulative
Five-Year Total
Return
(48.67) %
60.85 %
S&P U.S. BMI Asset Management &
Custody Banks Index .....................................
100.00
125.80
145.77
215.18
161.21
211.89
111.89 %
The total return for our stock and for each index assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2018 in our common stock, the
Russell 2000 Index, and the S&P U.S. BMI Asset Management & Custody Banks Index, including reinvestment of dividends.
The closing price of our common stock on the last trading day of the year ended December 31, 2023 was $12.57 per
share. Historical stock price performance is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.
Item 6.
Reserved.
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Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and
related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Report.
Forward-Looking Statements
Statements in this Report and the Annual Report to Stockholders that are not purely historical facts, including, without
limitation, statements about our expected future financial position, results of operations or cash flows, as well as other
statements including, without limitation, words such as “anticipate,” “forecast”, “explore,” “believe,” “plan,” “estimate,”
“expect,” “intend,” “should,” "potentially," “could,” “goal,” “may,” “target,” “designed” and other similar expressions,
constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and
Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent
uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control.
Actual results, our financial condition, and the timing of some events could differ materially from those projected in or
contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements.
Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the
forward-looking statements include, among others:
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the composition and market value of our AUM and AUA;
our ability to maintain our fee structure in light of competitive fee pressures;
risks associated with actions of activist stockholders;
distributions to our common stockholders have included and may in the future include a return of capital;
inclusion of foreign company investments in our AUM;
regulations adversely affecting the financial services industry;
our ability to maintain effective cyber security;
litigation risks;
our ability to develop and market new investment strategies successfully;
our reputation and our relationships with current and potential customers;
our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;
our ability to perform operational tasks;
our ability to select and oversee third-party vendors;
our dependence on the operations and funds of our subsidiaries;
our ability to maintain effective information systems;
our ability to prevent misuse of assets and information in the possession of our employees and third-party vendors,
which could damage our reputation and result in costly litigation and liability for our clients and us;
our stock is thinly traded and may be subject to volatility;
competition in the investment management industry;
our ability to avoid termination of client agreements and the related investment redemptions;
the significant concentration of our revenues in a small number of customers;
we have made and may continue to make business combinations as a part of our business strategy, which may
present certain risks and uncertainties;
our relationships with investment consulting firms;
our ability to identify and execute on our strategic initiatives;
our ability to declare and pay dividends;
our ability to fund future capital requirements on favorable terms;
our ability to properly address conflicts of interest;
our ability to maintain adequate insurance coverage; and
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•
our ability to maintain an effective system of internal controls.
Additional factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in
the forward-looking statements are discussed under the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Report.
The forward-looking statements are based only on currently available information and speak only as of the date of this Report.
We are not obligated and do not undertake an obligation to publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to
reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or
otherwise.
Overview
We manage investment assets and provide services for our clients through our subsidiaries, Westwood Management
Corp., Westwood Advisors, L.L.C. and Salient Advisors, LP (each of which is an SEC-registered investment advisor and
referred to hereinafter together as “Westwood Management”) and Westwood Trust. Westwood Management provides
investment advisory services to institutional investors, a family of mutual funds called the Westwood Funds®, other mutual
funds, individuals and clients of Westwood Trust.
Westwood Trust provides trust and custodial services and participation in common trust funds to institutions and high net
worth individuals. Our revenues are generally derived from fees based on a percentage of AUM.
SCLP serves as a sub-placement agent for private placements.
Our revenues are generally derived from fees based on a percentage of AUM and AUA, and Westwood Management and
Westwood Trust collectively had AUM of approximately $15.5 billion and AUA of approximately $1.1 billion at December 31,
2023. We have established a track record of delivering competitive, risk-adjusted returns for our clients.
With respect to most of our AUM, we utilize a “value” investment style focused on achieving superior long-term, risk-
adjusted returns by investing in companies with high levels of free cash flow, improving returns on equity and strengthening
balance sheets that are well positioned for growth but whose value is not fully recognized in the marketplace. This investment
approach is designed to limit downside during unfavorable periods and provide superior real returns over the long term. Our
investment teams have significant industry experience. Our investment team members have average investment experience of
over twenty years.
We have built a foundation in terms of personnel and infrastructure to support a much larger business and we have
developed investment strategies that we believe will be sought after within our target institutional, wealth management and
intermediary markets. Developing new products and growing the organization has resulted in our incurring expenses that, in
some cases, have not yet generated significant offsetting revenues. We believe that investors will recognize the potential for
new revenue streams inherent in these products and services however there is no guarantee that they will occur.
2023 Highlights
The following items were reported for the year ended December 31, 2023:
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Integrated Salient's asset management business, following our 2022 acquisition.
Added the Managed Investment Solutions team, bolstering our ability to provide customized solutions to
institutional and wealth investors.
Acquired an additional 32% interest in Broadmark, an RIA managing and/or sub-advising mutual funds, retail and
institutional separately-managed accounts, resulting in our holding an approximately 80% controlling interest.
AUM as of December 31, 2023 was $15.5 billion, 5% higher than December 31, 2022. Quarterly average AUM
increased 15% to $15.0 billion for 2023 versus 2022, which contributed to a 31% increase in total revenue from
2022.
Our SMidCap Value, SmallCap Value, MidCap Value, High Alpha, Enhanced Balanced, High Income,
Alternative Income, Global Real Estate and Select Income strategies performed strongly by beating their primary
benchmarks for the year.
We paid $5.5 million of dividends to our common stockholders.
Our financial position remains strong with liquid cash and short-term investments of $53.1 million and no debt as
of December 31, 2023.
Revenues
We derive our revenues from investment advisory fees, trust fees and other revenues. Our advisory fees are generated by
Westwood Management, which manages client accounts under investment advisory and sub-advisory agreements. Advisory
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fees are typically calculated based on a percentage of AUM and AUA and are paid in accordance with the terms of the
agreements. Advisory fees are paid quarterly in advance based on AUM on the last day of the preceding quarter, quarterly in
arrears based on AUM on the last day of the quarter just ended or are based on a daily or monthly analysis of AUM for the
stated period. We recognize advisory fee revenues as services are rendered. Certain of our clients have a contractual
performance-based fee component in their contracts, which generates additional revenues if we outperform a specified index
over a specific period of time. We record revenue for performance-based fees at the end of the measurement period. Since our
advance paying clients’ billing periods coincide with the calendar quarter to which such payments relate, revenue is recognized
within the quarter, and our Consolidated Financial Statements contain no deferred advisory fee revenues.
Our trust fees are generated by Westwood Trust pursuant to trust or custodial agreements. Trust fees are separately
negotiated with each client and are generally based on a percentage of AUM. Westwood Trust also provides trust services to a
small number of clients on a fixed fee basis. Trust fees are primarily calculated quarterly in arrears based on a daily average of
AUM for the quarter. Since billing periods for most of Westwood Trust's clients coincide with the calendar quarter, revenue is
fully recognized within the quarter, and our Consolidated Financial Statements contain no deferred advisory fee revenues.
Our other revenues primarily consist of investment income from seed money investments into new investment strategies.
Employee Compensation and Benefits
Employee compensation and benefits costs generally consist of salaries, sales commissions, incentive compensation,
stock-based compensation expense and benefits.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing costs relate to our marketing efforts, including travel and entertainment, direct marketing and
advertising costs.
Westwood Mutual Funds
Expenses for Westwood mutual funds relate to our marketing, distribution and administration of the Westwood Funds®.
Information Technology
Information technology expenses include costs associated with proprietary investment research tools, maintenance and
support, computing hardware, software licenses, telecommunications and other related costs.
Professional Services
Professional services expenses generally consist of costs associated with sub-advisory fees, audit, legal and other
professional services.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses generally consist of costs associated with the lease of office space, amortization,
depreciation, insurance, custody expense, Directors' fees, investor relations, licenses and fees, office supplies and other
miscellaneous expenses.
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of contingent consideration
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of contingent consideration consists of fair value adjustments related to
contingent consideration from our 2022 acquisition of Salient.
Acquisition expenses
Acquisition expenses consist of costs related to the Salient Acquisition.
Realized Gains on Private Investments
Realized gains on private investments includes amounts by which the net proceeds from the sale or redemption of our
private investments exceeded costs.
Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) on Private Investments
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on private investments includes changes in the value of our private
equity investments.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income primarily includes interest and dividend income on fixed income securities and money market
funds.
26
Other Income
Other income primarily consists of income from the sublease of a portion of our corporate offices and the receipt of life
insurance proceeds.
Firm-wide Assets Under Management
Firm-wide assets under management of $16.6 billion at December 31, 2023 consisted of $15.5 billion of AUM and $1.1
billion of AUA.
AUM increased $0.7 billion, or 5%, to $15.5 billion at December 31, 2023 compared to $14.8 billion at December 31,
2022. Quarterly average AUM increased $1.9 billion, up 15%, to $15.0 billion compared with $13.1 billion for 2022. The
increase in average AUM was primarily due to $2.0 billion of market appreciation in 2023.
AUM increased $0.3 billion, or 2%, to $14.8 billion at December 31, 2022 compared to $14.5 billion at December 31,
2021. Quarterly average AUM decreased $1.2 billion, down 9%, to $13.1 billion for 2022 compared with $14.3 billion for
2021. The decrease in average AUM was primarily due to $1.5 billion of market depreciation in 2022.
The following table presents our AUM (in millions, except percentages):
Institutional(1)
Wealth Management(2)
Mutual Funds(3)
Total AUM(4)
................................................................... $
.....................................................
................................................................
................................................................... $
As of December 31,
2023
Change
2022
Change
2021
7,215
4,140
4,104
15,459
6 % $
13 %
(5) %
6,785
3,666
4,328
(4) % $
(17) %
42 %
7,037
4,420
3,046
5 % $
14,779
2 % $
14,503
(1)
Institutional includes (i) separate accounts of corporate pension and profit sharing plans, public employee retirement funds, Taft-Hartley plans,
endowments, foundations and individuals; (ii) sub-advisory relationships where Westwood provides investment management services for funds offered
by other financial institutions; (iii) pooled investment vehicles, including collective investment trusts; and (iv) managed account relationships with
brokerage firms and other registered investment advisors that offer Westwood products to their customers.
(2) Wealth Management includes assets for which Westwood Trust provides trust and custodial services and participation in common trust funds that it
sponsors to institutions and high net worth individuals pursuant to trust or agency agreements and assets for which Westwood Advisors, L.L.C.
provides advisory services to high net worth individuals. Investment sub-advisory services are provided for the common trust funds by Westwood
Management. For certain assets in this category Westwood Trust provides limited custodial services for a minimal or no fee, viewing these assets as
potentially converting to fee-generating managed assets in the future.
(3) Mutual Funds include the Westwood Funds®, a family of mutual funds for which Westwood Management or Salient Advisors serves as advisor. These
funds are available to individual investors, institutional investors and wealth management accounts.
(4) AUM for 2023, 2022 and 2021 excludes approximately $1.1 billion, $1.3 billion and $0.3 billion of assets under advisement, respectively, related to
our model portfolios for which we provide investment advice on a fee basis without having investment management authority. We added $0.9 billion
of AUA from the Salient Acquisition.
Roll-Forward of Assets Under Management
AUM (in millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Institutional
Wealth
Management
Mutual
Funds
Total
Beginning of period assets* .......................................................... $
6,968 $
3,666 $
4,145 $
14,779
Client flows: ..................................................................................
Inflows ....................................................................................
Outflows .................................................................................
Net client flows .............................................................................
Market appreciation .......................................................................
Net change .....................................................................................
360
(936)
(576)
823
247
446
(615)
(169)
643
474
814
(1,347)
(533)
492
(41)
1,620
(2,898)
(1,278)
1,958
680
End of period assets ....................................................................... $
7,215 $
4,140 $
4,104 $
15,459
* Certain assets under management acquired from Salient were reclassified from Mutual Funds to Institutional as of December 31, 2022 to be
consistent with the classification of existing assets.
27
The increase in AUM for the year ended December 31, 2023 was due to market appreciation of $2.0 billion, offset by net
outflows of $1.3 billion. Net outflows were primarily related to our Income Opportunity, MLP & Energy Infrastructure,
LargeCap Value and SmallCap Value strategies.
AUM (in millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Institutional
Wealth
Management
Mutual
Funds
Total
Beginning of period assets ............................................................ $
7,037 $
4,420 $
3,046 $
14,503
Client flows: ..................................................................................
Inflows ....................................................................................
Outflows .................................................................................
Net client flows .............................................................................
Salient acquisition .........................................................................
Market depreciation .......................................................................
Net change .....................................................................................
286
(698)
(412)
788
(628)
(252)
457
(714)
(257)
—
(497)
(754)
800
(1,029)
(229)
1,873
(362)
1,282
1,543
(2,441)
(898)
2,661
(1,487)
276
End of period assets ....................................................................... $
6,785 $
3,666 $
4,328 $
14,779
The increase in AUM for the year ended December 31, 2022 was due to $2.7 billion of AUM from the Salient
Acquisition, offset by market depreciation of $1.5 billion and net outflows of $0.9 billion. Net outflows were primarily related
to our LargeCap Value, Income Opportunity and Enhanced Balanced strategies.
AUM (in millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Institutional
Wealth
Management
Mutual
Funds
Total
Beginning of period assets ............................................................ $
6,567 $
4,335 $
2,143 $
13,045
Client flows: ..................................................................................
Inflows .................................................................................
Outflows ..............................................................................
Net client flows .............................................................................
1,901
(1,062)
839
Global convertibles transition........................................................
(1,593)
Market appreciation .......................................................................
Net change .....................................................................................
1,224
470
413
(896)
(483)
—
568
85
1,461
(996)
465
—
438
903
3,775
(2,954)
821
(1,593)
2,230
1,458
End of period assets ....................................................................... $
7,037 $
4,420 $
3,046 $
14,503
The increase in AUM for the year ended December 31, 2021 was due to market appreciation of $2.2 billion and net
inflows of $0.8 billion, partially offset by the transition of our Global Convertibles team.
Net inflows were primarily related to our SmallCap Value strategy, partially offset by net outflows in our Enhanced
Balance strategy.
In late 2020 we decided to exit the stand-alone convertibles business and our Global Convertibles team transitioned back
to Aviva Investors, from which they had joined Westwood. As a result, $1.6 billion in two sub-advised Global Convertibles
mandates returned to Aviva as of April 1, 2021.
Roll-Forward of Assets Under Advisement
AUA has historically been disclosed in total due to its relative insignificance to our business. However, following our
November 2022 acquisition of Salient's asset management business, AUA has become a more meaningful component of our
business. Accordingly, we will present further AUA details going forward:
28
(in millions)
Assets Under Advisement
Beginning of period assets
Inflows
Outflows
Net client flows
Market appreciation (depreciation)
Net change
End of period assets
Results of Operations
Year Ended
December 31, 2023
$
$
1,255
160
(400)
(240)
64
(176)
1,079
The following table and discussion of our results of operations is based upon data derived from our Consolidated
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) contained in our Consolidated Financial Statements and should be read in
conjunction with these statements included elsewhere in this Report.
29
Years ended December 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)
2023
Change
2022
Change
2021
Revenues: ........................................................................
Advisory fees: ...........................................................
Asset-based ........................................................... $
Performance-based ...............................................
Trust fees ...................................................................
Trust performance-based fees ...................................
Other revenues, net ...................................................
67,391
1,265
20,242
349
534
Total revenues .................................................
89,781
Expenses: .........................................................................
Employee compensation and benefits .......................
Sales and marketing ..................................................
Westwood mutual funds ............................................
Information technology .............................................
Professional services .................................................
General and administrative .......................................
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of contingent
consideration .............................................................
Acquisition expenses .................................................
Total expenses .................................................
Net operating income (loss) .............................................
Realized gains on private investments ......................
Net change in unrealized appreciation
(depreciation) on private investments .......................
Investment income ....................................................
Other income .............................................................
Income (loss) before income taxes ................................. $
Income tax provision ........................................................
Net income (loss) ............................................................. $
Total comprehensive income (loss) ............................... $
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to
noncontrolling interest ...................................................
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. ................................... $
NM - Not meaningful
52,918
2,990
3,133
9,650
5,132
12,512
(2,768)
209
83,776
6,005
—
6
1,191
6,241
13,443
2,872
10,571
10,571
44 % $
46,685
2 % $
45,927
24
(7)
NM
(175)
31
32
49
42
25
(4)
38
1,018
21,686
—
(708)
68,681
40,124
2,003
2,201
7,719
5,357
9,057
NM
—
(97)
14
(223)
7,093
73,554
(4,873)
NM
—
(100)
348
588
(1,495)
266
907
(69)
(10)
(100)
109
(6)
(6)
56
(17)
(5)
22
12
NM
NM
10
(182)
(100)
(17)
(69)
51
3,335
24,030
101
(339)
73,054
42,532
1,280
2,657
8,161
4,391
8,074
—
—
67,095
5,959
8,371
(1,797)
868
602
(359) % $
(5,195)
(137) % $
14,003
(607)
(567)
(113)
(328) % $
(4,628)
(328) % $
(4,628)
(147) % $
(147) % $
4,240
9,763
9,763
1,051
NM
—
NM
—
9,520
(306) % $
(4,628)
(147) % $
9,763
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2022
Total Revenues. Total revenues increased $21.1 million, or 31%, to $89.8 million compared with $68.7 million for 2022.
The increase was attributable to higher average assets under management following our acquisition of Salient Partners' asset
management business during the fourth quarter of 2022, partially offset by a $1.4 million decrease in Trust fees due to lower
average AUM.
Employee Compensation and Benefits. Employee compensation and benefits expenses increased due to additional
headcount resulting from the Salient Acquisition.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased due to higher product placement fees for certain Salient
funds.
Westwood Mutual Funds. Westwood mutual funds expenses increased primarily due to an increase in mutual fund
placement fees for certain mutual funds acquired in the Salient Acquisition.
30
Information Technology. Information technology costs increased primarily due to additional software licenses and
investment research expenses.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased 38% to $12.5 million compared to
$9.1 million in 2022 primarily due to increased intangible asset amortization following the Salient Acquisition.
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of contingent consideration. We recorded a gain of $2.8 million upon the
remeasurement of contingent consideration of the Salient Acquisition primarily due to changes in growth projections and
volatility assumptions.
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on private investments. In 2022 we recorded a $1.6 million net
change in unrealized depreciation to reflect a market transaction related to our previous investment in Charis.
Other income. We recorded life insurance proceeds of $5.0 million in 2023.
Provision for Income Taxes. The effective tax rate was 23.2% for 2023 compared to 10.9% for 2022. Our income tax rate
differed from the 21% statutory tax rate due to permanent differences between book and tax restricted stock expense based on a
decrease in our stock price between the restricted stock grant and vesting date, along with the impact of state and local taxes.
Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021
Total Revenues. Total revenues decreased $4.4 million, or 6%, to $68.7 million compared with $73.1 million for 2021.
The decrease was attributable to a $2.3 million decrease in Trust fees due to lower average AUM, and a decrease in
performance fees, partially offset by a $0.8 million increase in asset-based advisory fees.
Employee Compensation and Benefits. Employee compensation and benefits expenses decreased due to lower
commissions and incentive compensation, partially offset by higher salaries following an increase in headcount from the Salient
Acquisition.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased as in-person sales activities returned to pre-COVID-19
levels.
Professional Services. Professional services expenses increased primarily due to higher subadvisory expenses and
various legal costs.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased 12% to $9.1 million compared to $8.9
million in 2021 primarily due to higher rent expense following our Houston, Texas office space expansion.
Acquisition expenses. Acquisition expenses are related to the Salient Acquisition and consisted primarily of investment
banking fees, legal fees, information technology expenses related to systems integrations, mutual fund costs related to proxy
solicitations and information technology integration costs. $1.8 million of acquisition expenses incurred in the nine months
ended September 30, 2022 were included in Professional Services ($1.0 million), Westwood Mutual Funds ($0.5 million) and
Information Technology ($0.3 million) before being reclassified to acquisition expenses upon consummation of the Salient
Acquisition.
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on private investments. We recorded a $1.6 million net change in
unrealized depreciation to reflect a market transaction related to our previous investment in Charis.
Provision for Income Taxes. The effective tax rate was 10.9% for 2022 compared to 30.3% for 2021. Our income tax rate
differed from the 21% statutory tax rate due to permanent differences between book and tax restricted stock expense based on a
decrease in our stock price between the restricted stock grant and vesting date, along with the impact of state and local taxes.
Supplemental Financial Information
As supplemental information, we are providing non-GAAP performance measures that we refer to as Economic Earnings
and Economic EPS. We provide these measures in addition to, not as a substitute for, Comprehensive income (loss) attributable
to Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. and earnings (loss) per share, which are reported on a GAAP basis. Our management and
Board review Economic Earnings and Economic EPS to evaluate our ongoing performance, allocate resources, and review our
dividend policy. We believe that these non-GAAP performance measures, while not substitutes for GAAP Comprehensive
income (loss) attributable to Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. or earnings (loss) per share, are useful for management and
investors when evaluating our underlying operating and financial performance and our available resources. We do not advocate
that investors consider these non-GAAP measures without also considering financial information prepared in accordance with
GAAP.
We define Economic Earnings as Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. plus non-
cash equity-based compensation expense, impairment expense, amortization of intangible assets, currency translation
adjustment reclassification and deferred taxes related to goodwill. Although depreciation on fixed assets is a non-cash expense,
31
we do not add it back when calculating Economic Earnings because depreciation charges represent an allocation of the decline
in the value of the related assets that will ultimately require replacement. Although gains and losses from changes in the fair
value of contingent consideration are non-cash, we do not add or subtract those back when calculating Economic Earnings
because gains and losses on changes in the fair value of contingent consideration are considered regular following an
acquisition. In addition, we do not adjust Economic Earnings for tax deductions related to restricted stock expense or
amortization of intangible assets. Economic EPS represents Economic Earnings divided by diluted weighted average shares
outstanding.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, our Economic Earnings increased by 589% to $18.3 million compared with $2.7
million for the year ended December 31, 2022. 2023 Economic Earnings was impacted by higher revenues and the receipt of
life insurance proceeds, offset by higher expenses following the Salient Acquisition.
The following table provides a reconciliation of Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Westwood Holdings Group,
Inc. to Economic Earnings. We have included the tax impact of adjustments for all periods presented:
For the years ended December 31,
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)
2023
Change
2022
Change
2021
Change
2020
Change
2019
Comprehensive income
(loss) attributable to
Westwood Holdings
Group, Inc. ......................... $
Stock-based
compensation expense ...
Impairment expense ......
Intangible amortization .
Currency translation
adjustment
reclassification ...............
Tax benefit from
goodwill amortization ...
Tax impact of
adjustments to GAAP
comprehensive income
(loss) ..............................
9,520
(306) % $
(4,628)
(147) % $
9,763
(209) % $
(8,947)
(251) % $
5,911
6,518
—
4,149
—
500
9
6,001
3
NM
—
NM
120
1,889
16
NM
—
NM
66
302
27
5,834
—
1,624
—
237
(13)
NM
(6)
6,701
3,403
1,721
(35)
NM
—
10,305
—
1,726
NM
4,169
NM
—
237
—
—
237
(2,345)
160
(901)
(61)
(2,309)
(179)
2,922
(164)
(4,539)
Economic Earnings ........... $
18,342
589 % $
2,663
(82) % $
15,149
48 % $
10,206
(25) % $
13,640
Economic Earnings per
Share ................................... $
2.26
402 % $
0.45
(80) % $
2.20
142 % $
0.91
(58) % $
2.15
The following tables provide Economic Earnings by segment:
For the years ended December 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)
Advisory comprehensive
income (loss) ...................... $
Stock-based
compensation expense ...
Impairment expense ......
Intangible amortization .
Tax benefit from
goodwill amortization ...
Tax impact of
adjustments to GAAP
comprehensive income
(loss) ..............................
2023
Change
2022
Change
2021
Change
2020
Change
2019
13,585
23 % $
11,010
(34) % $
16,783
781 % $
1,905
(86) % $
13,654
4,456
—
2,674
262
16
3,847
NM
633
297
—
365
66
15
NM
183
NM
3,347
—
129
—
5
(100)
(37)
3,199
3,403
206
(40)
5,362
NM
21
NM
—
NM
—
170
—
(2,404)
(38)
(3,865)
44
(2,679)
(177)
3,495
(173)
(4,790)
Economic Earnings ........... $
18,573
63 % $
11,423
(35) % $
17,580
44 % $
12,208
(15) % $
14,396
32
For the years ended December 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)
2023
Change
2022
Change
2021
Change
2020
Change
2019
1,777
78 % $
1,000
(82) % $
5,660
89 % $
2,991
(28) % $
4,147
326
1,359
(31)
(1)
471
1,379
(37)
—
743
1,378
(28)
(2)
1,027
1,413
(35)
(7)
238
1
236
—
237
—
237
—
1,587
1,516
237
Trust comprehensive
income (loss) ...................... $
Stock-based
compensation expense ...
Intangible amortization .
Tax benefit from
goodwill amortization ...
Tax impact of
adjustments to GAAP
comprehensive income
(loss) ..............................
Economic Earnings ........... $
3,276
42 % $
2,307
(67) % $
6,958
(12) % $
(424)
(46)
(779)
(27)
(1,060)
(147)
2,274
7,942
(222)
(1,869)
41 % $
5,618
Westwood Holdings
comprehensive income
(loss) .................................... $
Stock-based
compensation expense ...
Intangible amortization .
Currency translation
adjustment
reclassification ...............
Tax impact of
adjustments to GAAP
comprehensive income
(loss) ..............................
2023
Change
2022
Change
2021
Change
2020
Change
2019
For the years ended December 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)
(5,842)
(65) % $
(16,638)
31 % $
(12,680)
(8) % $
(13,843)
16 % $
(11,890)
1,736
146
3
1
1,683
145
(3)
24
1,744
117
(30)
15
2,475
102
(26)
155
3,356
40
—
NM
—
NM
—
NM
4,169
NM
—
453
(88)
3,743
162
1,430
(150)
(2,847)
(234)
2,120
Economic Earnings ........... $
(3,507)
(68) % $
(11,067)
18 % $
(9,389)
(6) % $
(9,944)
56 % $
(6,374)
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Balance Sheet Data (in thousands)
As of December 31,
2023
2022
Cash and cash equivalents ............................................................................................................ $
20,422 $
Accounts receivable ......................................................................................................................
14,394
Total liquid assets .................................................................................................................. $
34,816 $
Investments, at fair value .............................................................................................................. $
32,674 $
23,859
13,900
37,759
15,342
Historically we have funded our operations and cash requirements with cash generated from operating activities. We may
also use cash from operations to pay dividends to our stockholders or for deferred contingent consideration payments. We had
no debt as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The changes in net cash provided by operating activities generally reflect changes
in earnings plus the effects of non-cash items and changes in working capital, including liquidation of investments used to cover
current liabilities. Changes in working capital, especially accounts receivable and accounts payable, are generally the result of
timing differences between collection of fees billed and payment of operating expenses.
We had cash and short-term investments of $53.1 million and $39.2 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, working capital aggregated $53.6 million and $40.6 million, respectively.
Westwood Trust is required by the Texas Finance Code to maintain cash and investments in an amount equal to the
minimum restricted capital of $4.0 million. Restricted capital is included in Investments in the accompanying Consolidated
Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2023, Westwood Trust had approximately $11.1 million in excess of its minimum capital
33
requirement.
Cash Flow Data (in thousands)
Operating cash flows .............................................................................................. $
Investing cash flows ...............................................................................................
For the years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
(1,185) $
51,490 $
19,385
4,112
(33,739)
9,566
Financing cash flows ..............................................................................................
(6,364)
(9,103)
(26,806)
The changes in net cash provided by operating activities generally reflect changes in earnings plus the effects of non-
cash items and changes in working capital. Changes in working capital, especially accounts receivable and accounts payable,
generally result from timing differences between collection of fees billed and payment of operating expenses.
During 2023, cash flow used in operating activities was $1.2 million, compared to cash provided by operating activities
of $51.5 million during 2022 and $19.4 million during 2021. The decrease of $52.7 million from 2022 to 2023 primarily
reflected the net purchases of investments in 2023, compared to net sales of investments in 2022 to fund the Salient Acquisition.
The increase of $32.1 million from 2021 to 2022 primarily reflected net sales of investments and net income in 2021.
Cash flow provided by investing activities in 2023 was primarily related to the receipt of life insurance proceeds offset
by the Broadmark Acquisition, while cash flow used in investing activities in 2022 was primarily related to the Salient
Acquisition. Cash flow provided by investing activities in 2021 was related to realized gains on private investments and the sale
of property and equipment following the sublease of a portion of our Dallas, Texas corporate office space.
Cash used in financing activities was $6.4 million in 2023 compared to $9.1 million and $26.8 million in 2022 and 2021,
respectively. The change from 2022 to 2023 related to treasury stock purchases in 2022. The change from 2021 to 2022
primarily related to lower dividends in 2022.
Our future liquidity and capital requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including results of operations, the
timing and magnitude of capital expenditures or strategic initiatives, our dividend policy and other business and risk factors
described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Report. We believe that current cash and short-term investment balances plus
cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet the operating and capital requirements of our ordinary business
operations through at least the next twelve months, however there can be no assurance that we will not require additional
financing within this time frame. Failure to raise needed capital on attractive terms, if at all, could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Cash Dividends
The following table summarizes dividends declared during 2023 and 2022:
2023 Dividends
Declaration Date
February 15, 2023 (1)
April 26, 2023 (1)
August 2, 2023 (1)
October 31, 2023 (1)
2022 Dividends
Declaration Date
February 9, 2022
April 27, 2022
July 27, 2022
October 26, 2022 (1)
Record Date
March 1, 2023
June 2, 2023
September 1, 2023
December 1, 2023
Record Date
March 4, 2022
June 3, 2022
September 2, 2022
December 22, 2023
(1) This dividend was treated for accounting purposes as a return of capital.
Contractual Obligations
Purchase commitments
34
Paid Date
April 3, 2023
July 3, 2023
October 2, 2023
January 3, 2024
Paid Date
April 1, 2022
July 1, 2022
October 1, 2022
January 23, 2023
Dividend Per Share
$0.15
$0.15
$0.15
$0.15
$0.60
Dividend Per Share
$0.15
$0.15
$0.15
$0.15
$0.60
Our purchase commitments primarily consist of outsourced information technology services, software licenses and
commitments for financial research tools. As of December 31, 2023, our purchase commitments for the next five years and
thereafter were as follows (in thousands):
Purchase commitments(1)
.................... $
14,637 $
6,519 $
5,674 $
2,444 $
—
Total
Less than 1 year
1-3 years
4-5 years
Thereafter
Payments due in:
A “purchase commitment” is defined as an agreement to purchase goods or services that is enforceable and legally binding and
(1)
that specifies all significant terms, including (a) fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; (b) fixed, minimum or variable price
provisions; and (c) the approximate timing of the transaction. The above purchase commitments exclude agreements that are cancelable
without significant penalty.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent losses and liabilities at the date of
the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In
applying accounting principles, we often must make individual estimates and assumptions regarding expected outcomes or
uncertainties. Our estimates, judgments and assumptions are continually evaluated based on available information and
experience. Because of the use of estimates inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those
estimates. We believe the following are areas where the degree of judgment and complexity in determining amounts recorded in
our Consolidated Financial Statements make accounting estimates critical.
Business Combinations
Accounting for business combinations requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the
acquisition date with respect to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. In a business combination, we
allocate the purchase price to the acquired business’ identifiable assets and liabilities at their acquisition date fair values. The
excess of the purchase price over the amount allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities, if any, is recorded as goodwill.
The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in our business combinations consist of acquired working capital and finite-
lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets. The carrying value of acquired working capital approximates its fair value, given the
short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. We estimated the fair value of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets
acquired using a discounted cash flow approach, which included an analysis of the future cash flows expected to be generated
by such assets and the risk associated with achieving such cash flows. The key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow
model include the discount rate that is applied to the discretely forecasted future cash flows to calculate the present value of
those cash flows and the estimate of future cash flows attributable to the acquired intangible assets, which include revenues,
operating expenses and taxes. Our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the
measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the fair value of
assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill.
Contingent Consideration
When an acquisition includes future contingent consideration on achieving certain milestones, the Company estimates
the earn-out fair value using Monte Carlo simulation models. The Monte Carlo simulations considered assumptions including
revenue volatility, risk free rates, discount rates and payment discount rates. The projected contingent payment is discounted
back to the current period using a discounted cash flow model. Increases or decreases in projected revenues, probabilities of
payment, discount rates or projected payment dates may result in higher or lower fair value measurements. Fluctuations in any
of the inputs may result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. A liability is recorded for the estimated fair
value of the contingent consideration on the acquisition date, and the fair value of the contingent consideration is remeasured at
each subsequent reporting period with any change in fair value recognized as income or expense within the Consolidated
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). For the year ended December 31, 2023, changes in growth projections and
volatility assumptions were the primary drivers of changes in our fair value estimates.
Consolidation
We assess each legal entity that we manage to determine whether consolidation is appropriate at the onset of the
relationship. We first determine whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), or a voting interest entity (“VOE”),
under GAAP and whether we have a controlling financial interest in the entity. Assessing whether or not an entity is a VOE or
VIE and if it requires consolidation involves judgment and analysis.
To assess whether we have the power to direct the activities of an entity that most significantly impact the VIE’s
economic performance, we consider all the facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, the legal organization of the
35
VIE, our equity ownership and contractual involvement with the entity and any related party or de facto agent implications of
our involvement with the entity. This assessment includes identifying the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s
economic performance and identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities.
Entities that do not qualify as a VIE are assessed for consolidation under the VOE model. Under the VOE model, we
consolidate the entity if we determine that we have a controlling financial interest in the entity through our ownership of greater
than 50% of the outstanding voting shares of the entity and that other equity holders do not have substantive voting,
participating or liquidation rights.
A VOE is an entity that is outside the scope of the guidance for VIEs. Consolidation of a VOE is required when a
reporting entity owns a controlling financial interest in a VOE. Ownership of a majority of the voting interests is the usual
condition for a controlling financial interest.
Goodwill
Goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment. We assess the recoverability of the carrying amount of goodwill
either qualitatively or quantitatively as of July 1 of each fiscal year, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. We test more frequently if indicators are present or changes
in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist. These indicators include declines in revenues, earnings or cash flows, or
the development of a material adverse change in the business climate.
We assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level
below an operating segment, which is referred to as a component. We have identified two reporting units, which are consistent
with our reporting segments: Advisory and Trust. The Company is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit
unless we determine that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than the carrying amount. We assess goodwill for
impairment using either a qualitative or quantitative assessment.
The qualitative goodwill impairment assessment requires evaluating factors, based on the weight of evidence, to
determine whether a reporting unit's carrying value would more likely than not exceed its fair value. As part of our goodwill
qualitative testing process, we evaluate various factors that are specific to the reporting unit as well as industry and
macroeconomic factors in order to determine whether they are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the fair value of
our reporting units. Based on the qualitative analyses performed in 2023, we concluded that there were no changes that were
reasonably likely to cause the fair value of the Advisory and Trust reporting units to be less than those reporting unit's carrying
values, and determined that there was no impairment of our goodwill. In the event we were to determine that a reporting unit's
carrying value would more likely than not exceed its fair value, quantitative testing would be performed comparing carrying
values to estimated fair values.
The quantitative analysis requires a comparison of each reporting unit’s carrying value to the fair value of the respective
unit. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, an impairment charge is recorded based on that difference.
We completed our most recent annual goodwill impairment assessment during the third quarter of 2023 and determined
that no goodwill impairment related to the Advisory or Trust segment was required. There was no goodwill impairment for
either segment during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021.
Accounting for Income Taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires recognition of the amount of
taxes payable or refundable for the current year, as well as deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between
the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts on the Consolidated Financial Statements. We include penalties
and interest on income-based taxes, if any, in the “General and administrative” line on our Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and, in particular, factors considered
when assessing whether a valuation allowance should be established and our estimated uncertain tax positions.
We are required to assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against our deferred tax assets based on
consideration of all available evidence, using a more-likely-than-not standard. Evidence considered includes, but is not limited
to, consideration of taxable income in prior carryback year(s), estimates of future taxable income from operations, and the
expiration dates and amounts of carryforwards related to net operating losses and capital losses. A valuation allowance against
deferred tax assets is recorded if, based on the weight of the available evidence it is more likely than not that some or all the
deferred tax assets will not be realized.
We account for uncertain tax positions by recognizing the impact of a tax position in our Consolidated Financial
Statements when we believe it is more likely than not that the tax position would not be sustained upon examination by the
appropriate tax authority based on the merits of the position. We periodically review our tax positions and adjust the balances as
36
new information becomes available. In making these assessments, we often must analyze complex tax laws of multiple
domestic and international jurisdictions.
Accounting Developments
See Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II,
Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a description of any new accounting standards and their anticipated
effects on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Our revenues are primarily generated from fees derived as a percentage of our AUM and AUA, which is subject to
market risks. Additionally, we invest corporate capital in various financial instruments, including U. S. treasury bills and equity
funds, all of which present inherent market risks. We do not currently participate in any hedging activities, nor do we utilize any
derivative financial instruments. The following information describes key aspects of certain financial instruments that involve
market risks.
Securities Markets and Interest Rates
The value of AUM and AUA is affected by fluctuations in securities markets and changes in interest rates. Since we
derive a substantial portion of our revenues from investment advisory and trust fees based on the value of AUM and AUA, our
revenues may be adversely affected by a decline in the prices of securities or changing interest rates. A hypothetical 10%
decrease in our average AUM and AUA during the year ended December 31, 2023 would have reduced our reported
consolidated total revenue by approximately $9 million.
Our cash equivalents and other investment instruments are exposed to financial market risk due to fluctuations in interest
rates, which may affect interest income. We do not expect interest income to be significantly affected by sudden changes in
market interest rates.
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The independent registered public accounting firm's report and our Consolidated Financial Statements listed in the
accompanying index are included in Item 15 of this Report. See “Index to Financial Statements” on page F-1.
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures
under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our acquisition of Broadmark was excluded from the assessment of
the effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Based on that evaluation, our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the
reasonable assurance level as of December 31, 2023 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we
file or submit under the Exchange Act was (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified
in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and
procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control
objectives.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarterly period ended December 31, 2023, there has been no change in our internal control over financial
reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
37
REPORT OF WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC.’S MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT OF INTERNAL
CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.:
The management of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (“Westwood”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)). Westwood’s internal
control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the company’s management and Board of Directors regarding
the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, contain inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems
determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and
presentation. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future
periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
The management of Westwood assessed the effectiveness of Westwood’s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2023. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of
the Treadway Commission (COSO) in the 2013 Internal Control — Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment, we
believe that, as of December 31, 2023, Westwood’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
Management excluded Broadmark Asset Management, LLC, in which the Company acquired a controlling interest in January
2023, from its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as the Company may omit an
assessment of an acquired business’s internal control over financial reporting from its assessment of the registrant’s internal
control for up to one year from the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2023, Broadmark represents approximately 5% of total
revenues and approximately 7% of total assets of our consolidated financial statement amounts.
Westwood is not required to, nor did it, engage an independent registered public accounting firm to issue an audit report on our
assessment of Westwood's internal control over financial reporting.
By:
/s/ Brian O. Casey
Brian O. Casey, Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Murray Forbes III
Murray Forbes III, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
March 7, 2024
Dallas, Texas
38
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not Applicable.
PART III
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by this item is, or will be, set forth in the definitive proxy statement relating to the 2024 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., which is to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A
under the Exchange Act (the “Proxy Statement”). The Proxy Statement relates to a meeting of stockholders involving the
election of directors, and the portions therefrom required to be set forth in this Report by this item are incorporated herein by
reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K.
Item 11.
Executive Compensation.
The information required by this item is, or will be, set forth in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement relates to a
meeting of stockholders involving the election of directors, and the portions therefrom required to be set forth in this Report by
this item are incorporated herein by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K.
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table gives information as of December 31, 2023 about shares of our common stock that may be issued
upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under our Ninth Amended and Restated Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Stock Incentive Plan, which is our only equity compensation plan in effect at that time. The material terms of this plan were
approved by our stockholders and are discussed in Note 8 “Employee Benefits” to our Consolidated Financial Statements
included in Part II. Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."
Plan Category
Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a)
Weighted- average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)
Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column
(a)) (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders .......
— $
—
646,000 (1)
(1) 646,000 shares are available under our Ninth Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan.
The other information required by this item is, or will be, set forth in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement relates
to a meeting of stockholders involving the election of directors, and the portions therefrom required to be set forth in this Report
by this item are incorporated herein by reference pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K.
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by this item is, or will be, set forth in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement relates to a
meeting of stockholders involving the election of directors, and the portions therefrom required to be set forth in this Report by
this item are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by this item is, or will be, set forth in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement relates to a
meeting of stockholders involving the election of directors, and the portions therefrom required to be set forth in this Report by
this item are incorporated herein by reference.
39
Item 15.
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
Financial Statement Schedules
PART IV
The financial statements included in this Report are listed in the Index to Financial Statements on page 1 of this Report.
Schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the SEC are either not required under the
related instructions or are not applicable.
Exhibits
The exhibits required to be furnished pursuant to Item 15 are listed in the Index to Exhibits filed herewith, which Index
to Exhibits is incorporated herein by reference.
40
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
SIGNATURES
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC.
By:
/s/ Brian O. Casey
Brian O. Casey
Chief Executive Officer and Director
Dated: March 7, 2024
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS that each of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and
the undersigned directors and officers of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. hereby constitutes and appoints Brian O. Casey its,
his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for it, him or her and in its, his or her name, place and stead, in any and all
capacities, with full power to act alone, to sign any and all amendments to this Report, and to file each such amendment to the
Report, with all exhibits thereto, and any and all other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, hereby granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform any and all acts
and things requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as it, he or she might
or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent may lawfully do or cause to be
done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures
/s/ Brian O. Casey
Brian O. Casey
/s/ Murray Forbes III
Murray Forbes III
/s/ Richard M. Frank
Richard M. Frank
/s/ Susan M. Byrne
Susan M. Byrne
/s/ Ellen H. Masterson
Ellen H. Masterson
/s/ Geoffrey R. Norman
Geoffrey R. Norman
/s/ Randy A. Bowman
Randy A. Bowman
Title
Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors
Director
Director
Director
41
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ......... BDO USA, P.C.; Dallas, TX USA; PCAOB ID: 243
Consolidated Balance Sheets .........................................................
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) .........
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity ........................
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows .......................................
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .................................
Page
2
5
6
7
7
9
1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Stockholders and Board of Directors
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Dallas, Texas
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (the “Company”) as of
December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and
cash flows for each of the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial
statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position
of the Company at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered
with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the
audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement,
whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal
control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over
financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a
test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (i) relates to accounts or
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved especially challenging, subjective, or
complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing separate
opinions on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Valuation of Contingent Consideration Liabilities
As described in Notes 3 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company consummated a business combination on
November 18, 2022, for total purchase consideration of $46.3 million, net of cash acquired. The total purchase consideration
included the estimated fair value of contingent consideration subject to the acquired business’s achievement of certain revenue
targets. The transaction was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly,
the consideration paid was recorded at fair value at the acquisition date and is remeasured at each subsequent reporting period.
The fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities is $10.1 million at December 31, 2023.
We identified the estimation of the fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities at December 31, 2023 as a critical audit
matter. The fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities utilized a Monte Carlo simulation model, which is a complex
valuation model and required certain subjective estimates and assumptions related to revenue growth projections, revenue
volatility, discount rates, and payment discount rates. Auditing these assumptions involved especially subjective and complex
auditor judgment due to the nature and extent of audit effort required to address these matters, including the use of personnel
with specialized knowledge and skills in valuation.
The primary procedures we performed to address the critical audit matter included:
•
Evaluating the reasonableness of the revenue growth projections considering the consistency with external industry
and market data.
2
•
Utilizing personnel with specialized knowledge and skills in valuation to assist in evaluating the appropriateness of the
Company’s valuation model and the reasonableness of the revenue volatility, discount rates and payment discount
rates, by developing independent estimates using market data.
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2022.
/s/ BDO USA, P.C.
Dallas, Texas
March 7, 2024
3
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Westwood Holdings
Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2021, the related consolidated statement of comprehensive
income (loss), stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021, and the
related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the
audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to
error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over
financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting
but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due
to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP
Dallas, Texas
March 4, 2022
We began serving as the Company’s auditor in 2015. In 2022 we became the predecessor auditor.
4
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par values and share amounts)
$
$
$
ASSETS
Current Assets: .............................................................................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents ................................................................................................................
Accounts receivable ..........................................................................................................................
Investments, at fair value ..................................................................................................................
Income taxes receivable ....................................................................................................................
Other current assets ...........................................................................................................................
Total current assets ...................................................................................................................
Investments ..................................................................................................................................................
Equity method investments ..........................................................................................................................
Noncurrent investments at fair value ...........................................................................................................
Goodwill ......................................................................................................................................................
Deferred income taxes .................................................................................................................................
Operating lease right-of-use assets ..............................................................................................................
Intangible assets, net ....................................................................................................................................
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $10,078 and $9,277 .....................................
Other long-term assets .................................................................................................................................
Total long-term assets ...............................................................................................................
Total assets ...............................................................................................................................
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities: .......................................................................................................................................
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities ..........................................................................................
Dividends payable .............................................................................................................................
Compensation and benefits payable ..................................................................................................
Operating lease liabilities ..................................................................................................................
Total current liabilities ..............................................................................................................
Accrued dividends .......................................................................................................................................
Contingent consideration .............................................................................................................................
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities ..........................................................................................................
Total long-term liabilities .........................................................................................................
Total liabilities .........................................................................................................................
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) .................................................................................................
Stockholders’ Equity: ...................................................................................................................................
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 25,000,000 shares, issued 11,856,737 and
11,527,544, respectively and outstanding 9,140,760 and 8,881,831, respectively ..........................
Additional paid-in capital .................................................................................................................
Treasury stock, at cost – 2,715,977 and 2,645,713, respectively .....................................................
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) ...........................................................................................
Total Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity .................................................................
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiary ................................................................................
Total equity ................................................................................................................................................
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity ..............................................................................
$
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
December 31,
2023
2022
20,422 $
14,394
32,674
205
4,543
72,238
7,247
4,284
241
39,501
726
3,673
24,803
1,444
1,010
82,929
155,167 $
6,130 $
1,692
9,539
1,286
18,647
675
10,133
3,266
14,074
32,721
119
201,622
(85,990)
4,650
120,401
2,045
122,446
155,167 $
23,859
13,900
15,342
446
4,645
58,192
4,455
6,574
3,027
35,732
1,762
4,976
28,952
1,828
929
88,235
146,427
5,678
1,745
8,689
1,502
17,614
701
12,901
4,563
18,165
35,779
115
199,914
(85,128)
(4,253)
110,648
—
110,648
146,427
5
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands, except shares and per share data)
Years ended December 31,
2022
2021
2023
Revenues: ..............................................................................................................................
Advisory fees: .............................................................................................................
Asset-based ..........................................................................................................
$
67,391 $
46,685 $
45,927
Performance-based ..............................................................................................
Trust fees .....................................................................................................................
Trust performance-based .............................................................................................
Other, net .....................................................................................................................
1,265
20,242
349
534
1,018
21,686
—
(708)
3,335
24,030
101
(339)
Total revenues .....................................................................................................
89,781
68,681
73,054
Expenses: ...............................................................................................................................
Employee compensation and benefits .........................................................................
52,918
40,124
42,532
Sales and marketing ....................................................................................................
Westwood mutual funds ..............................................................................................
Information technology ...............................................................................................
Professional services ...................................................................................................
General and administrative ..........................................................................................
(Gain) loss from change in fair value of contingent consideration .............................
Acquisition expense ....................................................................................................
Total expenses .....................................................................................................
Net operating income (loss) .................................................................................................
Realized gains on private investments ........................................................................
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on private investments ............
Investment income ......................................................................................................
Other income ...............................................................................................................
Income (loss) before income taxes .......................................................................................
Provision for income taxes ..........................................................................................
Net income (loss) ...................................................................................................................
Total comprehensive income (loss) .....................................................................................
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest ...........................
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. ............
Earnings (loss) per share: ....................................................................................................
Basic ..........................................................................................................................
Diluted .......................................................................................................................
Weighted average shares outstanding: ...............................................................................
$
$
$
$
$
2,990
3,133
9,650
5,132
12,512
(2,768)
209
83,776
6,005
—
6
1,191
6,241
13,443
2,872
2,003
2,201
7,719
5,357
9,057
—
7,093
73,554
(4,873)
—
(1,495)
266
907
(5,195)
(567)
10,571 $
(4,628) $
10,571 $
(4,628) $
1,051
—
1,280
2,657
8,161
4,391
8,074
—
—
67,095
5,959
8,371
(1,797)
868
602
14,003
4,240
9,763
9,763
—
9,520 $
(4,628) $
9,763
1.20 $
1.17 $
(0.59) $
(0.59) $
1.24
1.23
Basic ..........................................................................................................................
Diluted .......................................................................................................................
7,964,423
8,112,139
7,844,363
7,844,363
7,875,395
7,927,972
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
Westwood Holdings
Group, Inc.
Common Stock, Par
Shares
Amount
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
Treasury
Stock
Retained
Earnings
(Accumulated
Deficit)
Noncontrolling
Interest
Total
BALANCE, December 31, 2020 ..........................
8,326,948 $
105 $ 210,268 $ (77,967) $
(1,695) $
— $ 130,711
Net income ..............................................................
—
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures ........
158,098
Stock-based compensation expense .......................
Return of capital ($2.50 per share) .........................
Dividends declared ($0.45 per share), net of
forfeitures ...............................................................
Purchase of treasury stock under employee stock
plans .....................................................................
Issuance of treasury stock under employee stock
plans .....................................................................
—
—
—
(182,549)
2,353
Restricted stock returned for payment of taxes ......
(51,359)
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(2)
5,835
(20,823)
—
—
(91)
—
—
—
—
—
(2,990)
91
(884)
9,763
—
—
—
(3,706)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
9,763
—
5,835
(20,823)
(3,706)
(2,990)
—
(884)
BALANCE, December 31, 2021 ..........................
8,253,491 $
107 $ 195,187 $ (81,750) $
4,362 $
— $ 117,906
Net loss ...................................................................
—
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures ........
868,900
Stock-based compensation expense .......................
Return of capital ($0.15 per share) .........................
Dividends declared ($0.45 per share), net of
forfeitures ...............................................................
—
—
—
Purchases of treasury stock ....................................
(205,521)
—
8
—
—
—
—
—
(8)
6,001
(1,166)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(2,851)
Issuance of treasury stock under employee stock
plans .....................................................................
2,564
— $
(100) $
100
Restricted stock returned for payment of taxes ......
(37,603)
—
—
(627)
(4,628)
—
—
—
(3,987)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(4,628)
—
6,001
(1,166)
(3,987)
(2,851)
—
(627)
BALANCE, December 31, 2022 ..........................
8,881,831 $
115 $ 199,914 $ (85,128) $
(4,253) $
— $ 110,648
Net income ..............................................................
Acquisition .............................................................
—
—
Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures ........
329,194
Stock-based compensation expense .......................
Return of capital ($0.60 per share) .........................
Dividends declared, net of forfeitures ....................
—
—
—
Restricted stock returned for payment of taxes ......
(70,265)
—
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
(4)
6,518
(4,806)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(862)
9,520
—
—
—
—
(617)
—
1,051
994
—
—
—
—
—
10,571
994
—
6,518
(4,806)
(617)
(862)
BALANCE, December 31, 2023 ..........................
9,140,760 $
119 $ 201,622 $ (85,990) $
4,650 $
2,045 $ 122,446
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities: .............................................................................................................
Net income (loss) ....................................................................................................................................... $
10,571 $
(4,628) $
9,763
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: ........
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Depreciation .....................................................................................................................................
Amortization of intangible assets .....................................................................................................
Net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on investments .............................................
Realized gains on private investments .............................................................................................
Stock-based compensation expense .................................................................................................
Deferred income taxes ......................................................................................................................
Non-cash lease expense ....................................................................................................................
Loss on asset disposition ..................................................................................................................
Gain on remeasurement of lease liabilities .......................................................................................
Fair value change of contingent consideration .................................................................................
Gain on insurance settlement ...........................................................................................................
Gain on asset disposition ..................................................................................................................
670
4,149
(839)
—
6,518
1,036
1,103
69
(119)
(2,768)
(5,000)
—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: ...............................................................................................
Net (purchases) sales of investments – trading securities ................................................................
(16,609)
Accounts receivable .........................................................................................................................
Other current assets ..........................................................................................................................
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities .........................................................................................
Compensation and benefits payable .................................................................................................
Income taxes payable .......................................................................................................................
Other liabilities .................................................................................................................................
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities ................................................................
Cash flows from investing activities: ..............................................................................................................
Acquisition, net of cash acquired ..............................................................................................................
Insurance settlement proceeds ...................................................................................................................
Sale of investments ....................................................................................................................................
Purchases of investments ...........................................................................................................................
Purchases of property and equipment .......................................................................................................
Proceeds on sale of property and equipment .............................................................................................
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities .................................................................
Cash flows from financing activities: ..............................................................................................................
Purchases of treasury stock .......................................................................................................................
Restricted stock returned for payment of taxes .........................................................................................
Cash dividends ..........................................................................................................................................
Net cash used in financing activities .......................................................................................
Effect of currency rate changes on cash .............................................................................................................
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ....................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year ...............................................................................................
135
660
(447)
851
241
(1,406)
(1,185)
(741)
5,000
—
—
(147)
—
4,112
—
(862)
(5,502)
(6,364)
—
(3,437)
23,859
687
1,889
2,136
—
6,001
(916)
1,110
—
—
—
—
—
48,977
(313)
(1,842)
1,251
(861)
(687)
(1,314)
51,490
(33,419)
—
—
—
(320)
—
(33,739)
(2,851)
(627)
(5,625)
(9,103)
5
8,653
15,206
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year .......................................................................................................... $
20,422 $
23,859 $
Supplemental cash flow information: .................................................................................................................
Cash paid during the year for income taxes .............................................................................................. $
1,594 $
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities ................................................... $
173 $
Accrued dividends ..................................................................................................................................... $
2,368 $
1,858 $
1,217 $
2,446 $
Acquired contingent consideration ............................................................................................................ $
— $
12,901 $
750
1,624
1,845
(8,371)
5,835
620
1,235
—
—
—
—
(148)
4,513
(1,702)
189
1,009
2,042
1,750
(1,569)
19,385
—
—
9,258
(15)
(178)
501
9,566
(2,990)
(884)
(22,932)
(26,806)
45
2,190
13,016
15,206
1,858
—
2,933
—
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
8
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS:
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (“Westwood”, “the Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) was incorporated under the laws of
the State of Delaware on December 12, 2001. Westwood manages investment assets and provides services for its clients
through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Westwood Management Corp., Westwood Advisors, L.L.C. and Salient Advisors, L.P.
(referred to hereinafter together as “Westwood Management”), and Westwood Trust.
Westwood Management provides investment advisory services to institutional clients, a family of mutual funds called
the Westwood Funds®, other mutual funds, individual investors and clients of Westwood Trust. Westwood Trust provides trust
and custodial services and participation in self-sponsored common trust funds (“CTFs”) to institutions and high net worth
individuals. Revenue is largely dependent on the total value and composition of assets under management ("AUM") and
fluctuations in financial markets and in the composition of AUM impact our revenues and results of operations.
Westwood Management is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") as an investment adviser
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Westwood Trust is chartered and regulated by the Texas Department of Banking.
Acquisition of Broadmark Asset Management LLC
We acquired a 48% interest in Broadmark Asset Management LLC ("Broadmark") via the Salient Acquisition. In
January 2023 we acquired an additional 32% interest in Broadmark for $1.2 million (net of cash acquired), increasing our
ownership of Broadmark to approximately 80%, which represents a controlling interest for financial statement consolidation
purposes (the "Broadmark Acquisition"). Broadmark is a San Francisco-based RIA managing and/or sub-advising mutual
funds, retail and institutional separately-managed accounts.
Acquisition of Controlling Interest in Asset Management Business of Salient Partners, L.P.
On November 18, 2022, we completed our acquisition (the "Salient Acquisition") of the asset management business of
Salient Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“Salient Partners”).
Salient Partners is a Houston-based real asset and investment firm that offered a suite of strategies focused on energy and
infrastructure, real estate and tactical alternative investments. Westwood purchased substantially all of the properties, rights and
assets and assumed certain liabilities of Salient Partners. Westwood acquired Salient Partners’ four distinct investment
capabilities: Energy Infrastructure, Tactical Absolute Return, Real Estate, and Private Investments.
As part of the Salient Acquisition, we also acquired Salient Capital, L.P. ("SCLP") and Salient Advisors, L.P. ("Salient
Advisors"). SCLP is an SEC-registered broker-dealer and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") member and
serves as a sub-placement agent for private placements. Salient Advisors is an SEC registered investment adviser, a Commodity
Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") registered Commodity Pool Operator ("CPO") and a National Futures Association
("NFA") member. Salient Advisors is an advisor to the Westwood Salient Tactical Plus Fund, which is subadvised by
Broadmark.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Westwood and its subsidiaries. All
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
We assess each legal entity that we manage to determine whether consolidation is appropriate at the onset of the
relationship. We first determine whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), or a voting interest entity (“VOE”),
under GAAP and whether we have a controlling financial interest in the entity. Assessing whether or not an entity is a VOE or
VIE and if it requires consolidation involves judgment and analysis. Factors considered in this assessment include, but are not
limited to, the legal organization of the entity, our equity ownership and contractual involvement with the entity and any related
party or de facto agent implications of our involvement with the entity. We reconsider whether entities are a VIE or VOE
whenever contractual arrangements change, the entity receives additional equity or returns equity to its investors or changes in
facts and circumstances occur that change investors’ abilities to direct the activities of the entity.
A VIE is an entity in which (i) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to enable the entity to finance its
activities without subordinated financial support, (ii) the at-risk equity holders, as a group, lack the characteristics of a
controlling financial interest or (iii) the entity is structured with disproportionate voting rights, and substantially all of the
activities are conducted on behalf of an investor with disproportionately few voting rights. That is, the at-risk equity holders do
9
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
not have the obligation to absorb significant losses, the right to receive residual returns and the right to direct the activities of
the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance. An enterprise must consolidate all VIEs of which it
is the primary beneficiary. We determine if a sponsored investment meets the definition of a VIE by considering whether the
fund’s equity investment at risk is sufficient to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support and
whether the fund’s at-risk equity holders absorb any losses, have the right to receive residual returns and have the right to direct
the activities of the entity most responsible for the entity’s economic performance. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is defined
as the party that, considering the involvement of related parties and de facto agents, has (i) the power to direct the activities of
the VIE that most significantly affect its economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right
to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. This evaluation is updated on a continuing
basis.
A VOE is an entity that is outside the scope of the guidance for VIEs. Consolidation of a VOE is required when a
reporting entity owns a controlling financial interest in a VOE. Ownership of a majority of the voting interests is the usual
condition for a controlling financial interest.
We evaluated (i) our relationship as sponsor of the Common Trust Funds (“CTFs”) and managing member of the private
equity funds Westwood Hospitality, Westwood Technology Opportunities Fund I, LP and Westwood Energy Secondaries
(collectively the “Private Funds”), (ii) our advisory relationships with the Westwood Funds® and (iii) our investments in
InvestCloud, Vista, Zarvona Energy Fund GP and Zarvona Energy Fund II-A as discussed in Note 6 “Investments” (“Private
Equity”) to determine whether each of these entities is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) or voting ownership entity (“VOE”).
Based on our analyses, we determined that the CTFs, Private Funds and Zarvona Energy Fund II-A were VIEs, as the at-
risk equity holders do not have the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities' economic
performance, and, while the Company and its representatives have a majority control of the entities' respective boards of
directors and can influence the respective entities' management and affairs, the Company is not exposed to a majority of the
economics of those entities and does not qualify as primary beneficiaries for those entities. We have not consolidated our
investments in those entities for the periods ending December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Based on our analyses, we determined the Westwood Funds®, InvestCloud, Vista, and Zarvona Energy Fund GP (i) have
sufficient equity at risk to finance the entities' activities independently, (ii) have the obligation to absorb losses, the right to
receive residual returns and the right to direct the activities of the entities that most significantly impact the entities' economic
performance and (iii) are not structured with disproportionate voting rights and are VOEs. As we do not own controlling
financial interests in those entities, we have not consolidated our investments in those entities for the periods ending
December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in the financial statements. Such
estimates include, but are not limited to, the Company's estimates in connection with values of long lived assets, provision for
income tax, goodwill, intangible assets, contingent consideration and accrued expenses. Actual results could differ significantly
from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of money market accounts and other short-term, highly liquid investments with
maturities of three months or less, other than pooled investment vehicles that are considered investments. We maintain some
cash and cash equivalents balances with financial institutions that are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
insurance limits. The Company has not experienced losses on uninsured cash accounts, which are held at large, well-capitalized
financial institutions.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable represents balances arising from services provided to customers and are recorded on an accrual
basis, net of any allowance for credit losses. Accounts receivable are written off when they are determined to be uncollectible.
Any allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on the Company’s historical amounts written off, existing conditions in
the industry, and the financial stability of the customer. The majority of our accounts receivable balances consist of advisory
and trust fees receivable from customers that we believe are, and have experienced to be, fully collectible. Accordingly, our
Consolidated Financial Statements include neither an allowance for credit losses, nor provision for credit losses.
Investments
Investments that are measured at fair market value are classified as trading securities and are carried at quoted market
values on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net unrealized holding gains or losses on investments classified as
10
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
trading securities are reflected as a component of other revenues. We measure realized gains and losses on investments using
the specific identification method.
For an investment without a readily determinable fair value, the Company has elected to apply the measurement
alternative of cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes. The Company will
reassess whether such an investment qualifies for the measurement alternative at each reporting period. In evaluating an
investment for impairment or observable price changes, we will use inputs including recent financing events, as well as other
available information regarding the investee's historical and forecasted performance.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements ("ASC 820") defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset
or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We determined the
estimated fair values of our financial instruments using available information. The fair value amounts discussed in Notes 6
“Investments” and 7 “Fair Value Measurements” are not necessarily indicative of either the amounts realizable upon disposition
of these instruments or of our intent or ability to dispose of these assets. The estimated fair value of cash and cash equivalents,
included in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy as discussed in Note 7 "Fair Value Measurements", approximates their carrying
value due to their short-term maturities. The carrying amount of investments designated as “trading” securities, primarily U.S.
Government securities, money market funds, equity funds, equities and exchange-traded bond funds, equals fair value based on
prices quoted in active markets and, with respect to funds, the reported net asset value (“NAV”) of the shares held. Market
values of our money market holdings generally do not fluctuate.
Our investments in InvestCloud and Vista are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes
resulting from observable price changes.
Our investment in Westwood Hospitality is measured at fair value using NAV as a practical expedient.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquired assets over the fair value of the underlying liabilities assumed at
the date of acquisition. Goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment.
We test more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist. These
indicators include declines in revenues, earnings or cash flows, or the development of a material adverse change in the business
climate. We assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level
below an operating segment, which is referred to as a component. We have identified two reporting units, which are consistent
with our reporting segments: Advisory and Trust. The Company is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit
unless we determine that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than the carrying amount. We assess goodwill for
impairment using either a qualitative or quantitative assessment. The qualitative assessment includes consideration of the
current trends in the industry in which we operate, macroeconomic conditions and recent financial performance of our reporting
units. The quantitative analysis requires a comparison of each reporting unit’s carrying value to the fair value of the respective
unit. An impairment charge would be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair
value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The fair
value of each reporting unit is estimated using a market multiple approach and an income approach.
We completed our most recent annual goodwill impairment assessment during the third quarter of 2023, and determined
that no goodwill impairment related to the Advisory and Trust segments was required. There was no goodwill impairment in
either segment during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021.
Our intangible assets represent the acquisition date fair value of the acquired client relationships, trade names, non-
compete agreements and the cost of internally-developed software, each of which is reflected net of amortization. In valuing
these assets, we made significant estimates regarding their useful lives, growth rates and potential attrition. We periodically
review our intangible assets for events or circumstances that would indicate impairment. See Note 11 “Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets.”
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of furniture and equipment is
provided over the estimated useful lives of the assets (from 3 to 7 years), and depreciation on leasehold improvements is
provided over the lesser of the estimated useful life or lease term using the straight-line method. We capitalize leasehold
improvements, furniture and fixtures, computer hardware and most office equipment purchases. We include depreciation in the
“General and administrative” line on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Revenue Recognition
11
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Revenues are recognized when the performance obligation (the investment management and advisory or trust services
provided to the client) defined by the investment advisory or sub-advisory agreement is satisfied. For each performance
obligation, we determine at contract inception whether the revenue satisfies over time or at a point in time. We derive our
revenues from investment advisory fees, trust fees and other sources of revenues such as gains and losses from our seed money
investments into net investment strategies. The "Other, net” revenues on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive
Income (Loss) are the unrealized gains and losses on our seed money investments, and our seed money investments are
included in "Investments, at fair value" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our seed money investments were $3.0 million
and $7.3 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Advisory and Trust fees are calculated based on a percentage of
AUM and AUA, and the performance obligation is realized over the then-current calendar quarter. Once clients receive our
investment advisory services we have an enforceable right to payment.
Incremental costs to obtain a contract are eligible to be capitalized if the costs are expected to be recovered over the
service period. We incur certain incremental costs in obtaining new business and continually evaluate whether costs should be
capitalized and amortized over the expected period of benefit of the asset. Certain costs used to fulfill a contract such as the
distribution services utilized to sell our Westwood Funds® are expensed as incurred. We recognize the incremental costs of
obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the entity otherwise would have
recognized is one year or less.
Stock-Based Compensation
We have issued restricted stock to certain U.S. employees and Board of Directors (the "Board") in accordance with our
Ninth Amended and Restated Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).
Stock-based compensation expense reflects the fair value of stock-based awards measured at grant date and is recognized
over the relevant service period. We expense the fair value of stock-based compensation awards granted to our employees and
directors in our Consolidated Financial Statements on a straight-line basis over the period that services are required to be
provided in exchange for the award (“requisite service period”), which is typically the period over which the award vests.
Stock-based compensation is recognized only for awards that vest. We measure the fair value of compensation cost related to
restricted stock awards based on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date. For performance-based share
awards, we assess actual performance versus the predetermined performance goals and record compensation expense once we
conclude it is probable that we will meet the performance goals required to vest the applicable performance-based awards. We
account for restricted stock forfeitures as they occur.
Income Taxes
We file a U. S. federal income tax return as a consolidated group for Westwood and its U.S.-based subsidiaries. Deferred
income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial statements and income tax
bases of assets and liabilities as measured at enacted income tax rates.
Deferred income tax expense is generally the result of changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred taxes relate
primarily to incentive compensation and stock-based compensation expense. We record net deferred tax assets to the extent we
believe such assets will more likely than not be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all available positive and
negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-
planning strategies, and results of recent operations. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize our
deferred income tax assets in the future, we would record a valuation allowance. No such valuation allowance has been
recorded in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
We account for uncertain tax positions by recognizing the impact of a tax position in our Consolidated Financial
Statements when we believe it is more likely than not that the tax position would not be sustained upon examination by the
appropriate tax authority based on the merits of the position. We include penalties and interest on income-based taxes, if any, in
the “General and administrative” line on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 9 “Income
Taxes.”
Leases
We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at inception, and leases are classified as either operating or finance
leases at the lease commencement date. An arrangement contains a lease if it implicitly or explicitly identifies an asset to be
used and conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration.
Right-of-use ("ROU") assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities
represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized upon
commencement of the lease based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not
provide an implicit interest rate, we generally use our estimated incremental borrowing rate at commencement date to determine
the present value of lease payments. When readily determinable, we use the rate implicit in the lease.
12
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise
that option.
Lease expense for operating leases and short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Expenses associated with operating leases are recorded in “General and administrative” expenses on our Consolidated
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less are not capitalized.
Business Combinations
In allocating the purchase price of a business combination, the Company records all assets acquired and liabilities
assumed at fair value, with the excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values recorded as goodwill. The purchase
price of an acquisition is allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair
values as of the date of acquisition. To the extent the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net identifiable tangible and
intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, such excess is allocated to goodwill. The Company determines the estimated
fair values after review and consideration of relevant information, including discounted cash flows, quoted market prices and
estimates made by management. The fair value assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired is based on estimates and
assumptions made by management at the time of the acquisition. The Company adjusts the preliminary purchase price
allocation, as necessary, during the measurement period of up to one year after the acquisition closing date as it obtains more
information as to facts and circumstances existing as of the acquisition date. Acquisition-related costs are recognized separately
from the acquisition and are expensed as incurred.
The acquired client relationships, trade names and non-compete agreements are subject to fair value measurements based
primarily on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represent level 3 measurements. The valuation of an
acquired client relationship utilizes an income approach, which provides an estimate of the fair value of an asset based on
discounted cash flows and management estimates, including the estimated growth associated with existing clients, market
growth and client attrition. The valuation of acquired trade names uses a relief from royalty method in which the fair value of
the intangible asset is estimated to be the present value of royalties saved because the Company owns the intangible asset.
Revenue projections and estimated useful lives are used in estimating the fair value of the trade names. The non-compete
agreements are calculated using the differential cash flow method (with-or-without method), which utilizes the probability of
certain employees competing with the Company and revenue projections to calculate the valuation of non-competition
agreements.
When an acquisition includes future contingent consideration on achieving certain milestones, the Company estimates
the earn-out fair value using Monte Carlo simulation models. The Monte Carlo simulations considered assumptions including
revenue volatility, risk free rates, discount rates and payment discount rates. The projected contingent payment is discounted
back to the current period using a discounted cash flow model. Increases or decreases in projected revenues, probabilities of
payment, discount rates or projected payment dates may result in higher or lower fair value measurements. Fluctuations in any
of the inputs may result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. A liability is recorded for the estimated fair
value of the contingent consideration on the acquisition date, and the fair value of the contingent consideration is remeasured at
each subsequent reporting period with any change in fair value recognized as income or expense within the Consolidated
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Equity Method Investments
Investments in entities where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but do not control, are accounted for
under the equity method of accounting and are included in "Equity method investments" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Significant influence typically exists if we have a 20% to 50% ownership interest in the investee. We evaluate our equity
method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such
investments may be impaired. If a decline in the value of an equity method investment is determined to be other than temporary,
a loss is recorded in earnings in the current period.
The Company’s proportionate share of the net income or loss of equity method investments is included in "Other
income" on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), and any dividends received reduce the carrying
value of the investment.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Segment Reporting
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting
(Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires an entity to disclose significant segment
expenses and other segment items on an annual and interim basis, and provide in interim periods all disclosures about a
reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually. Additionally, it requires an entity to disclose
the title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker. This ASU does not change how an entity identifies its operating
13
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
segments, aggregates them, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. The new standard is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. An entity should apply the amendments in this ASU retrospectively to all prior periods
presented in the financial statements. We expect this ASU to impact our disclosures, with no impact to our results of operations,
cash flows or financial condition.
Income Taxes
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax
Disclosures, which focuses on the income tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 requires an entity to
disclose, on an annual basis, a tabular rate reconciliation using both percentages and currency amounts, broken out into
specified categories, with certain reconciling items further broken out by nature and jurisdiction to the extent those items exceed
a specified threshold. In addition, entities are required to disclose income taxes paid, net of refunds received disaggregated by
federal, state/local, and foreign, and by jurisdiction if the amount is at least 5% of total income tax payments, net of refunds
received. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted.
An entity may apply the amendments in this ASU prospectively by providing the revised disclosures for the period ending
December 31, 2025 and continuing to provide the pre-ASU disclosures for the prior periods, or may apply the amendments
retrospectively by providing the revised disclosures for all period presented. We expect this ASU to impact our disclosures,
with no impact to our results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.
3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Broadmark
Westwood completed the Broadmark Acquisition in January 2023, increasing our investment by approximately 32%, to
80%, giving Westwood a controlling interest and requiring an allocation of the Broadmark Acquisition purchase price. The total
consideration recorded for accounting purposes consisted of $1.2 million in cash (net of cash acquired).
Prior to the Broadmark Acquisition, Westwood had a $2.4 million equity method investment in Broadmark, the fair
value of which was estimated using recent market transactions. Westwood's equity method investment was derecognized
without gain or loss following the Broadmark Acquisition, however there was a corresponding increase to goodwill.
The Broadmark Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, the purchase
price was allocated to tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition
date. The total consideration of $1.6 million has been allocated based on valuations of acquired assets and assumed liabilities in
connection with the acquisition.
The allocation of the Broadmark Acquisition purchase price was as follows (in thousands):
(in thousands)
Cash consideration
Cash acquired
Total consideration, net of cash acquired
Fair value of Westwood's investment in Broadmark before the business combination
Fair value of noncontrolling interest in Broadmark
Assets
Accounts receivable
Other current assets
Property and equipment
Other long-term assets
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Total Identifiable Net Assets
Goodwill
$
$
$
$
$
1,570
(402)
1,168
2,417
994
629
150
11
511
919
382
4,197
Westwood recognized approximately $1.0 million of a noncontrolling interest in a consolidated subsidiary at the
acquisition date. Fair value of this interest was estimated using recent market transactions.
14
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
At the time of the Broadmark Acquisition, the Company believed that its expanded operational opportunities, enhanced
range of investment strategies and expected realization of synergies were the primary factors that contributed to a total purchase
price that resulted in the recognition of goodwill. Goodwill arising from the Broadmark Acquisition is not expected to be
deductible for tax purposes.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company has included $4.4 million of revenue and $4.1 million of net
income related to Broadmark in its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Pro Forma Financial Information
The following unaudited pro forma results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 assume the
Broadmark Acquisition had occurred as of January 1, 2022. This unaudited pro forma information should not be relied upon as
being necessarily indicative of historical results that would have been obtained had the Broadmark Acquisition actually
occurred on that date, nor of results that may be obtained in the future.
(in thousands)
Total revenues
Net income (loss)
Salient
Year Ended December 31,
2023
2022
$
$
89,781 $
10,571 $
73,058
(100)
Westwood completed the Salient Acquisition on November 18, 2022. The total consideration recorded for accounting
purposes consisted of (i) $33.4 million in cash (net of cash acquired) and (ii) estimated contingent consideration of $12.9
million.
The Salient Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, the purchase price
was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of
the acquisition date. The total consideration of $46.3 million was allocated at November 18, 2022 based on valuations of
acquired assets and assumed liabilities in connection with the acquisition.
The allocation of the Salient Acquisition purchase price was as follows (in thousands):
(in thousands)
Cash consideration
Estimated contingent consideration
Cash acquired
Total consideration, net of cash acquired
Assets
Current assets:
Accounts receivable
Other current assets
Total current assets
Equity method investments
Property and equipment
Intangible assets
Total Assets
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Total Liabilities
Less: Net Assets Acquired
Goodwill
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
33,953
12,901
(534)
46,320
2,435
850
3,285
6,519
81
18,900
28,785
1,796
1,796
26,989
19,331
The estimated $12.9 million of contingent consideration, as of the acquisition date, relates to two separate earn-outs:
1. Revenue retention earn-out
15
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Salient Acquisition contains contingent consideration related to revenue retention, which has a maximum
payment amount of $15.0 million. The gross amount is based on the retention of a minimum level of net revenue in the
fifteen, eighteen, twenty-one and twenty-four months following the close of the Salient Acquisition. As this earn-out is
expected to be settled with cash it was accounted for as a liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The acquisition-date fair value of the revenue retention earn-out was estimated by using overall revenue growth
projections combined with existing customer base revenues, both discounted and probability-weighted. Fair value
measurement of the revenue retention earn-out was estimated using Monte Carlo simulation models and was based
primarily on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a level 3 measurement as defined in ASC
820. See further discussion in Note 7 "Fair Value Measurements."
2. Growth earn-out
The Salient Acquisition contains contingent consideration related to growth, which has a maximum payment amount
of $10.0 million. The growth earn-out payment is based on growth in net revenue in the second and third years following
the close of the Salient Acquisition. The growth earn-out payment, if any, would be paid in shares of the Company’s
common stock in amounts equivalent to the dollar value of the earn-out. As this earn-out did not satisfy the equity
classification criteria of ASC 805, Business Combinations it was accounted for as a liability on our Consolidated Balance
Sheets.
The acquisition-date fair value of the growth earn-out was estimated by using overall revenue growth projections
combined with existing customer base revenues, both discounted and probability-weighted. Fair value measurement of
the growth earn-out was estimated using Monte Carlo simulation models and was based primarily on significant inputs
not observable in the market and thus represents a level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. See further discussion in
Note 7 "Fair Value Measurements."
The following are the identifiable intangible assets acquired (in thousands) and their respective useful lives:
Client relationships
Trade name
Non-compete agreements
Total
Estimated Fair
Value
(in thousands)
Weighted Average
Amortization
Period
(in years)
$
$
14,000
3,800
1,100
18,900
11.1
0.6
0.2
11.9
The client relationships asset was valued using the income approach (multi-period excess earnings method) and is
amortized to “General and administrative” expense on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) over an
estimated useful life of fifteen years. Significant assumptions and estimates utilized in the model include the revenue growth
projections, earnings growth rates, contributory asset charges and the selection of discount rates.
The trade name asset was valued using the relief-of-royalty method and is amortized to "General and administrative"
expense on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) over an estimated useful life of three years.
Significant assumptions and estimates utilized in the model include the revenue growth projections, earnings growth rates,
royalty rates and the selection of discount rates.
The non-compete agreements asset was valued using the differential discounted cash flow method (with and without
method) and is amortized to "General and administrative" expense on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Loss) over an estimated useful life of three years. Significant assumptions and estimates utilized in the model include the
revenue growth projections, earnings growth rates, length of the non-compete agreements, ability to compete, the impact of
competition and the selection of discount rates.
At the time of the acquisition, the Company believed that its enhanced size, expanded range of investment strategies and
expected realization of synergies were the primary factors that contributed to a total purchase price that resulted in the
recognition of goodwill. As of December 31, 2022, $5.9 million of the goodwill arising from the acquisition was expected to be
deductible for tax purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reduced the Salient Acquisition goodwill
by $0.4 million due to post-acquisition adjustments.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company included $3.1 million of revenue and $0.1 million of net loss
related to Salient in its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Pro Forma Financial Information
16
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following unaudited pro forma results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
assume the Salient Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2021, after giving effect to acquisition accounting adjustments
relating to amortization of the valued intangible assets and to record additional compensation costs related to restricted stock
granted as a result of the acquisition. These unaudited pro forma results exclude one-time, non-recurring costs related to the
acquisition, including $7.1 million of acquisition expenses in 2022. This unaudited pro forma information should not be relied
upon as being necessarily indicative of the historical results that would have been obtained if the Salient Acquisition had
actually occurred on that date, nor of the results that may be obtained in the future.
(in thousands)
Total revenues
Net loss
4. REVENUE
Advisory Fee Revenues
Year Ended December 31,
2022
2021
$
$
95,094
$
(2,310) $
99,467
(1,664)
Our advisory fees are generated by Westwood Management for managing client accounts under investment advisory and
sub-advisory agreements. Advisory fees are typically calculated based on a percentage of AUM and AUA and are paid in
accordance with the terms of the agreements. Advisory fees are paid quarterly in advance based on AUM on the last day of the
preceding quarter, quarterly in arrears based on AUM on the last day of the quarter just ended or are based on a daily or
monthly analysis of AUM for the stated period. We recognize advisory fee revenues as services are rendered. Since our
advance paying clients' billing periods coincide with the calendar quarter to which such payments relate, revenue is recognized
within the quarter and our Consolidated Financial Statements contain no deferred advisory fee revenues. Advisory clients
typically consist of institutional and mutual fund accounts.
Institutional investors include separate accounts of (i) corporate pension and profit sharing plans, public employee
retirement funds, Taft-Hartley plans, endowments, foundations and individuals; (ii) sub-advisory relationships where
Westwood provides investment management services for funds offered by other financial institutions; (iii) pooled investment
vehicles, including collective investment trusts; and (iv) managed account relationships with brokerage firms and other
registered investment advisors that offer Westwood products to their customers.
Mutual funds include the Westwood Funds®, a family of mutual funds for which Westwood Management serves as
advisor. These funds are available to individual investors, as well as offered as part of our suite of investment strategies for
institutional investors and wealth management accounts.
Arrangements with Performance-Based Obligations
A limited number of our advisory clients have a contractual performance-based fee component in their contracts, which
generates additional revenues if we outperform a specified index over a specific period of time, and a limited number of our
mutual fund offerings have fees that generate additional revenues if we outperform specified indices over specific periods of
time. Performance-based fees are paid after the performance obligation has been satisfied.
The revenue is based on future market performance and is subject to many factors outside our control. We cannot
conclude that a significant reversal in the cumulative amount of revenue recognized will not occur during the measurement
period, and therefore the revenue is recorded at the end of the measurement period when the performance obligation has been
satisfied.
Trust Fee Revenues
Our trust fees are generated by Westwood Trust pursuant to trust or custodial agreements. Trust fees are separately
negotiated with each client and are generally based on a percentage of AUM. Westwood Trust also provides trust services to a
small number of clients on a fixed fee basis. The fees for most of our trust clients are calculated quarterly in arrears, based on a
daily average of AUM for the quarter, or monthly, based on the month-end value of AUM, and are paid monthly and quarterly
in arrears. Since billing periods for most of Westwood Trust’s clients coincide with the calendar quarter, revenue is fully
recognized within the quarter and our Consolidated Financial Statements contain no deferred fee revenues.
Revenue Disaggregated
17
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Sales taxes are excluded from revenues. The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by account type (in
thousands).
Year Ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Advisory Fees: ...........................................................................................................
Institutional ......................................................................................................... $
37,738 $
26,653 $
31,069
Mutual Funds ......................................................................................................
Wealth Management ...........................................................................................
Trust Fees ...................................................................................................................
Other ...........................................................................................................................
29,745
1,172
20,592
534
20,245
805
21,686
17,507
686
24,131
(708)
(339)
Total revenues ..................................................................................................... $
89,781 $
68,681 $
73,054
We have clients in various locations around the world. The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by our
clients' geographical locations (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Advisory
Trust
Performance-based
Other
Total
Canada ............................................................. $
1,105 $
— $
— $
— $
1,105
U.S. ..................................................................
66,286
20,242
1,614
534
88,676
Total ................................................................. $
67,391 $
20,242 $
1,614 $
534 $
89,781
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Advisory
Trust
Performance-based
Other
Total
Canada .............................................................
U.S. ..................................................................
1,171
45,514
—
21,686
—
1,018
—
1,171
(708)
67,510
Total ................................................................. $
46,685 $
21,686 $
1,018 $
(708) $
68,681
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Advisory
Trust
Performance-based
Other
Total
Canada .............................................................
Europe .............................................................
U.S. ..................................................................
1,163
638
45,512
—
—
24,131
—
262
1,687
—
—
1,163
900
(339)
70,991
Total ................................................................. $
47,313 $
24,131 $
1,949 $
(339) $
73,054
5. SEGMENT REPORTING:
We operate two segments: Advisory and Trust. These segments are managed separately based on the types of products
and services offered and their related client bases. The Company’s segment information is prepared on the same basis that
management uses to review the financial information for operational decision-making purposes.
The Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker, our Chief Executive Officer, evaluates the performance of our
segments based primarily on fee revenues.
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., the parent company of Advisory and Trust, does not have revenues and is the entity in
which we record typical holding company expenses including employee compensation and benefits for holding company
employees, directors’ fees and investor relations costs. All segment accounting policies are the same as those described in the
summary of significant accounting policies. Intersegment balances that eliminate in consolidation have been applied to the
appropriate segment.
Advisory
Our Advisory segment provides investment advisory services to (i) corporate pension and profit sharing plans, public
employee retirement funds, Taft-Hartley plans, endowments, foundations and individuals, (ii) sub-advisory relationships where
Westwood provides investment management services to the Westwood Funds®, funds offered by other financial institutions
and funds offered by our Trust segment and (iii) pooled investment vehicles, including collective investment trusts. Salient and
Westwood Management, which provide investment advisory services to similar clients, are included in our Advisory segment.
Trust
18
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Westwood Trust provides trust and custodial services and participation in common trust funds that it sponsors to
institutions and high net worth individuals. Westwood Trust is included in our Trust segment.
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2023 ..........................................
Revenues: ...............................................................................
Advisory
Trust
Westwood
Holdings
Eliminations
Consolidated
Net fee revenues from external sources .........................
$
68,656 $
20,591 $
— $
— $
89,247
Net intersegment revenues .............................................
Other revenue .................................................................
Total revenues ........................................................
6,270
534
75,460
279
—
20,870
—
—
—
(6,549)
—
(6,549)
—
534
89,781
10,571
14,636 $
1,776 $
(5,841) $
— $
285,179 $
46,754 $
14,256 $
(191,022) $
155,167
23,100 $
16,401 $
4,284 $
135 $
— $
94 $
— $
— $
(82) $
— $
— $
— $
39,501
4,284
147
Net income (loss) ...................................................................
Segment assets ........................................................................
Segment goodwill ...................................................................
Segment equity method investments ......................................
Expenditures for long-lived assets .........................................
$
$
$
$
$
Year Ended December 31, 2022 ..........................................
Revenues: ...............................................................................
Net fee revenues from external sources .........................
$
47,703 $
21,686 $
— $
— $
69,389
Net intersegment revenues .............................................
Other revenue .................................................................
2,080
(708)
336
—
Total revenues ...........................................................
49,075
22,022
—
—
—
(2,416)
—
—
(708)
(2,416)
68,681
Net income (loss) ...................................................................
Segment assets ........................................................................
Segment goodwill ...................................................................
Segment equity method investments ......................................
Expenditures for long-lived assets .........................................
$
$
$
$
$
11,062 $
1,005 $
(16,695) $
— $
(4,628)
283,027 $
53,644 $
30,308 $
(220,552) $
146,427
19,331 $
16,401 $
6,574 $
137 $
— $
84 $
— $
— $
99 $
— $
— $
— $
35,732
6,574
320
Year Ended December 31, 2021 ..........................................
Revenues: ...............................................................................
Net fee revenues from external sources ............................
$
49,262 $
24,131 $
— $
— $
73,393
Net intersegment revenues ................................................
Other revenue ....................................................................
2,415
(339)
356
—
Total revenues .............................................................
51,338
24,487
—
—
—
(2,771)
—
(2,771)
—
(339)
73,054
9,763
16,780 $
5,656 $
(12,673) $
— $
222,335 $
56,965 $
12,784 $
(152,479) $
139,605
— $
66 $
16,401 $
61 $
— $
51 $
— $
— $
16,401
178
Net income (loss) ...................................................................
Segment assets ........................................................................
Segment goodwill ...................................................................
Expenditures for long-lived assets .........................................
$
$
$
$
Geographical information
Refer to Note 4, “Revenue” for our revenue disaggregated by our clients' geographical location. As of December 31,
2023 and 2022, all of our property and equipment was in the United States.
6. INVESTMENTS:
Since 2018, the Company has made strategic investments to enhance the services we provide our customers. Each of
these investments is discussed below.
We made a strategic investment during 2018 in InvestCloud, which is included in “Investments” on our Consolidated
Balance Sheets at its carrying value of $4.4 million. This investment represents an equity interest in a private company without
a readily determinable fair value. The Company has elected to apply the measurement alternative of cost minus impairment, if
any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes. Following InvestCloud's recapitalization in the first quarter
19
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
of 2021, we re-invested $4.4 million of our proceeds into newly-issued shares of InvestCloud. No impairments of this
investment were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021.
Our investment in Vista is included in “Investments” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at its carrying value of
$2.8 million. This investment represents an equity interest in a private company without a readily determinable fair value. The
Company has elected to apply the measurement alternative of cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting
from observable price changes. No impairments of this investment were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2023,
2022 or 2021.
Our investment in Charis was included in “Noncurrent investments at fair value” on our December 31, 2022
Consolidated Balance Sheets and was measured at fair value on a recurring basis. On April 3, 2023, Charis was acquired by
Vista Bank ("Vista") in a transaction in which the Company exchanged its shares in Charis for shares in Vista.
Private Equity Funding. In 2019, we made a $0.3 million investment in Westwood Hospitality. Our investment is
included in “Noncurrent investments at fair value” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and is measured at fair value on a
recurring basis using net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient.
Zarvona Energy Fund GP, L.P. and Zarvona Energy Fund II-A, L.P. These investments represent ownership interests in
non-controlled partnerships. These investments are included in “Equity method investments” on our Consolidated Balance
Sheets and are measured based on our share of the net earnings or losses of the investees.
Broadmark Asset Management LLC. This investment represented a 47.5% ownership interest in a non-controlled
corporation prior to the Broadmark Acquisition in 2023. This investment was included in “Equity method investments” on our
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2022. In January 2023, as a result of the Broadmark Acquisition, we acquired
additional equity interests in Broadmark and subsequently have accounted for that investment as a consolidated subsidiary.
All other investments are carried at fair value on a recurring basis and are accounted for as trading securities.
Investments carried at fair value are presented in the table below (in thousands):
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
Cost
December 31, 2023: ..............................................................................
U.S. Government securities ................................................................... $
22,522 $
14 $
(75) $
22,461
Money market funds ..............................................................................
Equity funds ...........................................................................................
Equities ..................................................................................................
Exchange-traded bond funds .................................................................
5,367
4,295
381
152
111
195
—
—
—
(260)
(24)
(4)
5,478
4,230
357
148
Total trading securities ................................................................... $
32,717 $
320 $
(363) $
32,674
Private investment fund .........................................................................
265
7
(31)
241
Total investments carried at fair value ............................................ $
32,982 $
327 $
(394) $
32,915
December 31, 2022: ..............................................................................
U.S. Government securities ................................................................... $
5,728 $
— $
(389) $
Money market funds ..............................................................................
Equity funds ...........................................................................................
Equities ..................................................................................................
Exchange-traded bond funds .................................................................
4,093
4,863
1,278
159
111
32
—
—
—
(446)
(65)
(22)
5,339
4,204
4,449
1,213
137
Total trading securities ................................................................... $
16,121 $
143 $
(922) $
15,342
Private investment fund .........................................................................
Private equity .........................................................................................
265
3,475
—
—
(30)
(683)
235
2,792
Total investments carried at fair value ............................................ $
19,861 $
143 $
(1,635) $
18,369
The investments shown below are included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as Equity method investments (in
thousands):
20
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
December 31, 2023
December 31, 2022
Carrying value
Ownership
Carrying value
Ownership
Zarvona Energy Fund GP , L.P . .............................. $
Zarvona Energy Fund II-A, L.P . .............................
Broadmark Asset Management LLC .......................
Salient MLP Total Return Fund, L.P. ......................
Salient MLP Total Return TE Fund, L.P. ................
3,565
700
—
11
8
50.0 % $
0.5 %
— %
— %
0.2 %
3,438
700
2,417
11
8
Total ......................................................................... $
4,284
$
6,574
50.0 %
0.5 %
47.5 %
— %
0.2 %
The following amounts represent income from all investments, except for income tax amounts, are included in our
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the headings “Other revenues, net," "Net change in unrealized
appreciation (depreciation) on private investments," or "Investment Income" (in thousands):
For the Years Ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Realized gains ................................................................................................................. $
73 $
1 $
Realized losses ...............................................................................................................
(190)
(363)
Net realized gains (losses) .............................................................................................. $
(117) $
(362) $
Income tax expense from gains (losses) ......................................................................... $
Interest income – trading ................................................................................................ $
Dividend income ............................................................................................................ $
(25) $
640 $
61 $
(76) $
414 $
90 $
Unrealized gains/(losses) ................................................................................................ $
1,425 $
(2,131) $
41
(212)
(171)
(36)
716
35
923
7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS:
ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires additional disclosures
regarding certain fair value measurements. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier hierarchy for measuring fair value, as follows:
•
•
•
Level 1 – quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities
Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices that are directly or indirectly observable
Level 3 – unobservable inputs where there is little or no market activity
Our strategic investments in InvestCloud and Vista, discussed in Note 6 "Investments" are excluded from the recurring
fair value table shown below, as we have elected to apply the measurement alternative for those investments.
21
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table summarizes our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates
indicated within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Measured at
NAV (1)
Total
As of December 31, 2023 .......................................
Investments in trading securities ............................. $
32,674 $
Private investment fund ...........................................
—
Total assets measured at fair value ................... $
32,674 $
Salient Acquisition contingent consideration .......... $
Total liabilities measured at fair value ............. $
— $
— $
— $
—
— $
— $
— $
— $
—
241
— $
32,674
— $
241 $
10,133 $
10,133 $
— $
— $
241
32,915
10,133
10,133
As of December 31, 2022 .......................................
Investments in trading securities ............................. $
15,342 $
— $
— $
— $
15,342
Private investment fund ...........................................
Private equity ...........................................................
—
—
Total assets measured at fair value ................... $
15,342 $
Salient Acquisition contingent consideration .......... $
Total liabilities measured at fair value ............. $
— $
— $
—
—
— $
— $
— $
—
2,792
2,792 $
12,901 $
12,901 $
235
—
235 $
— $
— $
235
2,792
18,369
12,901
12,901
(1) Comprised of certain investments measured at fair value using NAV as a practical expedient. The fair value amounts presented in this
table are intended to allow reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Prior to our exchange of Charis shares for shares in Vista, our investment in Charis was included within Level 3 of the
fair value hierarchy as we valued it utilizing inputs not observable in the market. Historically, our investment was measured at
fair value on a recurring basis using a market approach based on either a price to tangible book value multiple range determined
to be reasonable in the current environment, or on market transactions. On April 3, 2023, Charis was acquired by Vista in a
transaction in which the Company exchanged its shares in Charis for shares in Vista.
The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the
periods presented (in thousands):
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
Beginning balance ............................................................................................................................ $
2,792 $
4,369
Exchange of shares ............................................................................................................................
(2,792)
—
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on private investments ..................................
—
(1,577)
Ending balance ................................................................................................................................. $
— $
2,792
The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the
periods presented (in thousands):
Beginning balance ............................................................................................................................ $
12,901 $
—
Acquisition .........................................................................................................................................
—
12,901
Total (gains) losses included in earnings ...........................................................................................
(2,768)
—
Ending balance ................................................................................................................................. $
10,133 $
12,901
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
The December 31, 2023 contingent consideration fair value of $10.1 million was valued based upon updated revenue
growth projections and financial inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration related to both the revenue retention earn-out
and the growth earn-out is measured using the Monte Carlo simulation model, which considered assumptions including revenue
22
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
growth projections, revenue volatility, risk free rates and discount rates. The projected contingent payment is discounted to the
current period using a discounted cash flow model. Increases or decreases in projected revenues, probabilities of payment,
discount rates, projected payment dates and other inputs may result in significantly higher or lower fair value measurements.
Fluctuations in any of the inputs may result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.
The following table represents the range of the unobservable inputs utilized in the December 31, 2023 fair value
measurement of the contingent consideration classified as level 3:
Unobservable Input
Discount rate
Volatility
Discount rate
Volatility
Range
Low
11.5%
8.3%
12.8%
14.9%
High
12.0%
16.3%
13.3%
24.9%
Weighted Average Rate
11.75%
11.30%
13.00%
19.90%
Earn-out
Revenue Retention earn-out
Growth earn-out
8. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:
Restricted Stock Awards
We have issued restricted shares to certain employees and non-employee directors. The Ninth Amended and Restated
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan ("the Plan") reserves shares of Westwood common stock for issuance to
eligible employees, directors and consultants of Westwood or its subsidiaries in the form of restricted stock and stock options.
In April 2023, stockholders approved an additional 350,000 shares to be authorized under the Plan, increasing the total number
of shares issuable under the Plan (including predecessor plans to the Plan) to 6,248,100 shares. In the event of a change in
control of Westwood, the Plan contains provisions providing for the acceleration of the vesting of restricted stock. At
December 31, 2023, approximately 646,000 shares remain available for issuance under the Plan.
The following table presents the total stock-based compensation expense recorded and the total income tax benefit
recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements for the years indicated (in thousands):
For the years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Service condition restricted stock expense ................................................................... $
6,479 $
5,729 $
5,253
Performance-based restricted stock expense ................................................................
39
272
581
Total stock-based compensation expense ..................................................................... $
6,518 $
6,001 $
5,834
Total income tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation ................. $
714 $
672 $
804
Restricted Stock
Under the Plan, we have granted to certain employees and non-employee directors restricted stock subject to service
conditions and to certain key employees restricted stock subject to both service and performance conditions. We accrue
dividends on unvested restricted stock, which are due and payable upon vesting of restricted stock. Accrued dividends coming
due within the next twelve months are included in “Dividends payable” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the remaining
noncurrent portion of accrued dividends included in “Accrued dividends” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December
31, 2023, we had $1.7 million and $0.7 million in "Dividends payable" and "Accrued dividends", respectively, and the
Dividends payable were related to unvested restricted stock. At December 31, 2022, we had $1.7 million and $0.7 million in
Dividends payable and Accrued dividends, respectively.
As of December 31, 2023, there was approximately $9.4 million of unrecognized compensation cost for restricted stock
grants under the Plan, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years. In order to satisfy tax
liabilities that employees will owe on shares that vest, we may withhold a sufficient number of vested shares from employees
on the date vesting occurs to cover minimum tax withholding requirements. We withheld 67,743 shares in 2023 for this
purpose. Our two types of restricted stock grants under the Plan are discussed below.
Restricted Stock Subject Only to a Service Condition
23
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we granted restricted stock to certain employees and non-
employee directors. Employee shares generally vest over three years and Director shares vest over one year. We calculate
compensation cost for restricted stock grants using the fair market value of our common stock at the date of grant, the number
of shares issued and an adjustment for restrictions on dividends. This compensation cost is amortized on a straight-line basis
over the applicable vesting period.
The following table details the status and changes in our restricted stock grants that are subject only to a service
condition for the year ended December 31, 2023:
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value
Non-vested, January 1, 2023 ..........................................................................................
1,098,008 $
Granted ...................................................................................................................
Vested .....................................................................................................................
Forfeited ..................................................................................................................
507,244
(294,340)
(178,051)
Non-vested, December 31, 2023 ....................................................................................
1,132,861 $
15.49
12.26
20.66
13.99
12.94
The following table shows the weighted-average grant date fair value for shares granted and the total fair value of shares
vested during the years indicated:
Weighted-average grant date fair value ........................................................................ $
12.26 $
13.26 $
Fair value of shares vested (in thousands) .................................................................... $
6,081 $
5,278 $
17.10
7,630
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Restricted Stock Subject to Service and Performance Conditions
Under the Plan, certain key employees were provided agreements for grants of restricted shares that vest over multiple
year periods subject to achieving annual performance goals established by the Compensation Committee of Westwood’s Board.
Each year the Compensation Committee establishes specific goals for that year’s vesting of the restricted shares. The date that
the Compensation Committee establishes annual goals is considered to be the grant date and the fair value measurement date to
determine expense on the shares that are likely to vest. The vesting period ends when the Compensation Committee formally
approves the performance-based restricted stock vesting based on the specific performance goals from the Company’s audited
consolidated financial statements. If a portion of the performance-based restricted shares does not vest, no compensation
expense is recognized for that portion and any previously recognized compensation expense related to shares that do not vest is
reversed.
The following table details the status and changes in our restricted stock grants subject to service and performance
conditions for the year ended December 31, 2023:
Non-vested, January 1, 2023 .......................................................................................................
Vested ...................................................................................................................................
Non-vested, December 31, 2023 .................................................................................................
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value
6,243 $
(6,243)
— $
37.42
6.24
—
The following table shows the total fair value of shares vested during the years indicated:
Fair value of shares vested (in thousands) ................................................................... $
39 $
235 $
913
Mutual Fund Share Incentive Awards
We may grant mutual fund incentive awards, which are annual bonus awards based on our mutual funds achieving
specific performance goals, to specific employees. Awards granted are notionally credited to a participant account maintained
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
24
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
by us that contains a number of mutual fund shares equal to the award amount divided by the net closing value of a fund share
on the date the amount is credited to the account. We maintain the award in a corporate investment account until vesting. The
investment may increase or decrease based on changes in the value of the mutual fund shares awarded, including reinvested
income from the mutual funds during the vesting period. We account for these awards similarly to stock-based compensation
awards. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately $2.0 million of unvested mutual fund awards was included under
"Investments, at fair value" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Awards vest after approximately two years of service following the year in which the participant earned the award. We
begin accruing a liability for mutual fund incentive awards when we believe it is probable that the award will be earned and
record expense for these awards over the service period of the award. During the year in which the amount of the award is
determined, we record expense based on its expected value. After the award is earned, we record expense based on the value of
the shares awarded and the percentage of the vesting period that has elapsed. Our liability under these awards may increase or
decrease based on changes in the value of the mutual fund shares awarded, including reinvested income from the mutual funds
during the vesting period. Upon vesting, participants receive the mutual fund share awards adjusted for earnings or losses
attributable to the underlying mutual funds. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded expense of $0.7
million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to mutual fund share incentive awards. For the year ended December 31, 2021,
mutual fund share incentive award activity was insignificant. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately $1.5 million
and $1.0 million, respectively, of mutual funds award liability was included under "Compensation and benefits payable" on our
Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Benefit Plans
Westwood has a defined contribution and profit-sharing plan that was established in July 2002 and covers substantially
all employees. Discretionary employer profit-sharing contributions become fully vested after four years of service by the
participant. For U.S. employees, Westwood provides a 401(k) match of up to 6% of eligible compensation and contributions
vest immediately.
The following table displays our profit-sharing and retirement plan contributions for the periods presented (in
thousands):
Years ended December 31,
2022
2021
2023
Profit-sharing contributions, net ....................................................................................... $
— $
— $
Retirement plan matching contributions ..........................................................................
1,616
1,295
13
1,256
9. INCOME TAXES:
Income Tax Provision
Income (loss) before income taxes by jurisdiction was as follows (in thousands):
U.S. ........................................................................................................................ $
Canada ...................................................................................................................
Total ...................................................................................................................... $
12,419 $
(5,112) $
13,989
(27)
(83)
14
12,392 $
(5,195) $
14,003
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Income tax expense differs from the amount that would otherwise have been calculated by applying the U.S. Federal
corporate tax rate of 21% to income before income taxes. The difference between the Federal corporate tax rate and the
25
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
effective tax rate is comprised of the following (in thousands).
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Income tax provision computed at US federal statutory rate .. $ 2,603
21.0 % $ (1,091)
21.0 % $ 2,935
21.0 %
Canadian rate differential ........................................................
State and local income taxes, net of federal income taxes ......
Stock-based compensation ......................................................
Compensation subject to Section 162(m) ................................
—
349
452
—
Other, net .................................................................................
(532)
Total income tax expense ....................................................... $ 2,872
Effective income tax rate ........................................................
23.2 %
—
2.8
3.6
—
87
128
319
—
(4.2)
(10)
(1.7)
(2.5)
(6.1)
—
0.2
—
372
859
180
(106)
23.2 % $
(567)
10.9 % $ 4,240
10.9 %
30.3 %
—
2.7
6.1
1.3
(0.8)
30.3 %
We include penalties and interest on income-based taxes in the “General and administrative” line on our Consolidated
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Penalties and interest were insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2023,
2022 and 2021.
Income tax provision as set forth in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) consisted of the
following components (in thousands):
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
1,370 $
14 $
3,482
237
98
349
(888)
(44)
16
(916)
(567) $
356
(218)
3,620
446
30
144
620
4,240
Current taxes: ......................................................................................................
U.S. Federal ................................................................................................... $
State and local ................................................................................................
Foreign ...........................................................................................................
Total current taxes .................................................................................................
Deferred taxes: ....................................................................................................
U.S. Federal ...................................................................................................
State and local ................................................................................................
Foreign ...........................................................................................................
466
—
1,836
1,014
22
—
Total deferred taxes ...............................................................................................
Total income tax provision ................................................................................. $
1,036
2,872 $
Deferred Income Taxes
26
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented
below (in thousands).
Deferred tax assets:
Stock-based compensation expense ............................................................................................. $
Deferred rent ................................................................................................................................
Compensation and benefits payable ............................................................................................
Federal unrecognized tax benefit .................................................................................................
Deferred compensation ................................................................................................................
Acquisition expenses ...................................................................................................................
Other ............................................................................................................................................
Total deferred tax assets ........................................................................................................................
Deferred tax liabilities: ........................................................................................................................
Property and equipment ...............................................................................................................
Intangibles ...................................................................................................................................
Unrealized gains on investments .................................................................................................
Leases ..........................................................................................................................................
Contingent consideration .............................................................................................................
Other ............................................................................................................................................
As of December 31,
2023
2022
1,160 $
1,039
1,465
—
464
876
—
1,138
1,330
1,328
4
446
841
9
5,004
5,096
(160)
(186)
(1,917)
(1,593)
(614)
(318)
(915)
(1,214)
(636)
(36)
—
(23)
Total deferred tax liabilities ...................................................................................................................
Net deferred tax assets ........................................................................................................................ $
(4,278)
(3,334)
726 $
1,762
The Company is subject to taxation in the U. S. and various state and foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2023, the
Company’s 2020, 2021 and 2022 tax years are open for examination by the Internal Revenue Service, and various state and
foreign jurisdiction tax years remain open to examination.
At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company's gross liability related to uncertain tax positions was de minimis. A
number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is finally resolved. To the extent that the Company has favorable
tax settlements, or determines that accrued amounts are no longer needed due to a lapse in the applicable statute of limitations
or other changes in circumstances, such liabilities, as well as the related interest and penalties, are reversed as a reduction of
income tax expense, net of federal tax effects, in the period such determination is made. A reconciliation of the change in
recorded uncertain tax positions during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 follows (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2021 ............................................................................................................................... $
Reductions for tax positions related to prior years ..............................................................................................
Balance at December 31, 2022 ...............................................................................................................................
Reductions for tax positions related to prior years
Balance at December 31, 2023 ............................................................................................................................... $
25
(4)
21
(21)
—
10. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE:
Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Westwood
Holdings Group, Inc. by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted earnings (loss)
per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding plus the effect of any dilutive shares of
restricted stock granted to employees and non-employee directors using the treasury stock method. There were approximately
63,000, 120,000 and 116,000 anti-dilutive restricted shares as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which were
excluded from weighted average shares outstanding.
27
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (in thousands, except per
share and share amounts):
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Westwood Holdings Group,
Inc. ........................................................................................................................... $
9,520 $
(4,628) $
9,763
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic .....................................................
7,964,423
7,844,363
7,875,395
Dilutive potential shares from unvested restricted shares .................................
147,716
—
52,577
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted ..................................................
8,112,139
7,844,363
7,927,972
Earnings (loss) per share: ......................................................................................
Basic .................................................................................................................. $
Diluted ............................................................................................................... $
1.20 $
1.17 $
(0.59) $
(0.59) $
1.24
1.23
11. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS:
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquired assets over the fair value of the underlying liabilities assumed at
the date of acquisition. Changes in goodwill were as follows (in thousands):
Trust Segment
Advisory Segment
Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 ............................... $
16,401 $
— $
Salient Acquisition .................................................
Balance at December 31, 2022 ...............................
Salient Acquisition adjustment1
Broadmark Acquisition ..........................................
.............................
—
16,401
—
—
19,331
19,331
(428)
4,197
Balance at December 31, 2023 ............................... $
16,401 $
23,100 $
16,401
19,331
35,732
(428)
4,197
39,501
1 Represents subsequent purchase price adjustments for the Salient Acquisition.
Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually. We completed our annual goodwill impairment
assessment during the third quarter of 2023 and determined that no impairment loss was required. No impairments were
recorded during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021.
Other Intangible Assets
Our intangible assets represent the acquisition date fair value of acquired client relationships, internally-developed
software, non-compete agreements and trade names, and are reflected net of amortization. In valuing these assets, we made
significant estimates regarding their useful lives, growth rates and potential attrition.
28
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following is a summary of intangible assets at December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except years):
2023 .....................................................................................
Client relationships .........................................................
Internally developed software .........................................
Trade name .....................................................................
Non-compete agreements ...............................................
2022 .....................................................................................
Client relationships .........................................................
Internally developed software .........................................
Trade name .....................................................................
Non-compete agreements ...............................................
Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period (years)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
15.0
5.8
3.0
3.0
15.0
5.8
3.0
3.0
$
34,397 $
(12,906) $
21,491
1,439
3,800
1,100
(1,258)
(1,372)
(397)
181
2,428
703
$
40,736 $
(15,933) $
24,803
$
34,397 $
(10,636) $
23,761
1,439
3,800
1,100
(1,012)
(105)
(31)
427
3,695
1,069
$
40,736 $
(11,784) $
28,952
Amortization expense, which is included in “General and administrative” expense on our Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income (Loss), was $4.1 million, $1.9 million and $1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022
and 2021, respectively.
Estimated amortization expense for intangible assets over the next five years, and thereafter, is as follows (in thousands):
For the year ending December 31,
2024 ....................................................................................................................................................................... $
2025 .......................................................................................................................................................................
2026 .......................................................................................................................................................................
2027 .......................................................................................................................................................................
2028 .......................................................................................................................................................................
Thereafter ..............................................................................................................................................................
Total ...................................................................................................................................................................... $
Estimated
Amortization
Expense
4,095
3,939
2,293
2,293
2,293
9,890
24,803
12. LEASES:
We have operating leases for corporate offices and certain office equipment. The lease terms of our corporate offices
vary and have remaining lease terms ranging from one to six years. The corporate office lease payments are fixed and are based
upon contractual monthly rates. The majority of our corporate office leases do not include options to extend or terminate the
leases. We lease office equipment for a period of two years, and the incremental borrowing rate was 5%.
In 2022, we expanded our Houston, Texas office space and extended that lease through September 2029. We evaluated
the corporate debt environment in 2022 to determine a collateralized discount rate of 7%. In 2023 we leased additional office
space in Chicago, Illinois through the second quarter of 2029.
The following table presents the components of lease costs related to our leases (amounts in thousands):
Operating lease costs ...................................................................................................... $
1,512 $
1,682 $
1,655
Sublease income .............................................................................................................
862
771
602
Sublease income relates to subleasing a portion of our corporate offices.
Years Ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
29
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table presents supplemental cash flow information related to our leases (amounts in thousands):
Operating cash flows from operating leases .................................................................. $
1,774 $
1,762 $
1,990
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations ..................................... $
173 $
1,217 $
—
Years Ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
Operating lease costs are included in "General and administrative" expense on our Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income (Loss). We lease our offices under non-cancelable operating lease agreements with expiration dates that
run through 2029.
The following table presents information regarding our operating leases (in thousands, except years and rates):
December 31,
2023
2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets ....................................................................................................... $ 3,673
$ 4,976
Operating lease liabilities ...................................................................................................................... $ 1,286
$ 1,502
Non-current lease liabilities ..................................................................................................................
3,266
4,563
Total lease liabilities ............................................................................................................................. $ 4,552
$ 6,065
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) ...............................................................................
Weighted-average discount rate ............................................................................................................
3.3
5.7 %
4.1
5.6 %
The maturities of lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
Year ending December 31,
Operating Leases
2024 .................................................................................................................................................................. $
2025 ..................................................................................................................................................................
2026 ..................................................................................................................................................................
2027 ..................................................................................................................................................................
2028 ..................................................................................................................................................................
Thereafter ..........................................................................................................................................................
Total undiscounted lease payments ................................................................................................................ $
Less: discount ....................................................................................................................................................
Total lease liabilities ....................................................................................................................................... $
1,842
1,930
707
383
389
288
5,539
(987)
4,552
13. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS:
Property and Equipment
30
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table reflects information about our property and equipment as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in
thousands):
Leasehold improvements ............................................................................................................... $
Furniture and fixtures .....................................................................................................................
Computer hardware and office equipment .....................................................................................
Accumulated depreciation ..............................................................................................................
5,173 $
2,792
3,557
(10,078)
Property and equipment, net ................................................................................................... $
1,444 $
4,921
2,786
3,317
(9,196)
1,828
As of December 31,
2023
2022
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:
Purchase commitments
Our purchase commitments primarily consist of outsourced information technology services, software licenses and
commitments for financial research tools. As of December 31, 2023, our purchase commitments for the next five years and
thereafter were as follows (in thousands):
Purchase obligations ........................... $
14,637 $
6,519 $
5,674 $
2,444 $
—
Total
Less than 1 year
1-3 years
4-5 years
Thereafter
Payments due in:
As of December 31, 2023, we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements.
15. REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS:
Westwood Trust must maintain cash and investments in an amount equal to the required minimum restricted capital of
$4.0 million as required by the Texas Finance Code. Restricted capital is included in Investments in the accompanying
Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2023, Westwood Trust had approximately $11.1 million in excess of its
minimum capital requirement.
Westwood Trust is limited under applicable Texas law in the payment of dividends of undivided profits, which is that
part of equity capital equal to the balance of net profits, income, gains and losses since formation minus subsequent
distributions to stockholders and transfers to surplus or capital under share dividends or appropriate Board resolutions. At the
discretion of its Board, Westwood Trust may make quarterly and special dividend payments, or other distributions, to
Westwood out of its undivided profits. No dividend payments were made in 2023, 2022 or 2021.
SCLP, a broker-dealer of the Company, is registered with the SEC as broker-dealers and members of FINRA. The
Company’s broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to SEC Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) which requires the
maintenance of minimum net capital and requires that the ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital, both as defined, to not
exceed 15 to 1. As such, they are subject to the minimum net capital requirements promulgated by the SEC. As of December
31, 2023, SCLP had net capital of $558,000 which was $526,000 in excess of its required minimum net capital of $32,000. As
of December 31, 2022, SCLP had net capital of $320,000, which was $315,000 in excess of its required minimum net capital of
$5,000.
16. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES:
As discussed in Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” the CTFs and Private Funds (together the
“Westwood VIEs”) are considered VIEs, and the Westwood Funds® and Private Equity are considered VOEs (together the
“Westwood VOEs”). We receive fees for managing assets in these entities commensurate with market rates. As of December
31, 2023 and 2022, we evaluated all of the Westwood VIEs and Westwood VOEs to determine whether or not we should
consolidate the entities into our Consolidated Financial Statements. For the Westwood VIEs, we evaluated whether or not we
qualify as the primary beneficiary based on whether we have the obligation to absorb significant losses, the right to receive
residual returns and the right to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic
performance, and concluded that we do not qualify as a primary beneficiary for those entities. For the Westwood VOEs, we
evaluated whether or not we own a controlling financial interest in the entities, and we concluded that we do not. Based on our
analyses, we have not consolidated the Westwood VIEs or Westwood VOEs into our Consolidated Financial Statements for the
years ended December 31, 2023 or 2022.
31
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
We have not otherwise provided any financial support that we were not previously contractually obligated to provide and
there are no arrangements that would require us to provide additional financial support to any of these entities. Our seed
investments in the Westwood Funds® are accounted for as investments in accordance with our other investments described in
Note 6 “Investments.”
We recognized fee revenue from the Westwood VIEs and Westwood VOEs of approximately $32.4 million, $23.2
million and $22.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The following table displays the AUM, the amount of our seed investments that are included in “Investments” and
“Investments, at fair value” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the financial risk of loss in each vehicle (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
Assets
Under
Management
Corporate
Investment
Amount at
Risk
VIEs/VOEs: .........................................................................................................
Westwood Funds® ....................................................................................... $
4,103 $
Common Trust Funds ...................................................................................
Private Funds ................................................................................................
Private Equity ...............................................................................................
668 $
56 $
— $
— $
— $
0.3 $
7.2 $
—
—
0.3
7.2
All other assets: ...................................................................................................
Wealth Management .....................................................................................
Institutional ...................................................................................................
3,417
7,215
Total AUM ............................................................................................ $
15,459
17. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS:
Some of our directors, executive officers and their affiliates invest personal funds directly in trust accounts that we
manage. At both December 31, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, there was approximately $0.1 million in fees due from these
accounts. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 we recorded trust fees from these accounts of $0.3 million. For the
year ended December 31, 2021 we recorded trust fees from these accounts of $0.4 million.
One director serves as a consultant to the Company under a consulting agreement for which we recorded expenses of
$0.1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.
18. CONCENTRATION:
For the years ended December 31, 2023, our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 21% of our fee revenue. For
the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 22% of our fee revenue. No
single customer accounted for 10% or more of our fee revenues in any of these years. The following table presents advisory fee
revenue received from our single largest client in each year (in thousands):
Advisory fees from our largest client: ......................................................................
Asset-based fees ................................................................................................... $ 3,892
Percent of fee revenue ..........................................................................................
4.4 %
$ 2,582
$ 2,682
3.7 %
3.7 %
Years ended December 31,
2023
2022
2021
19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:
Dividends Declared
On February 14, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock
payable on April 3, 2024 to stockholders of record on March 1, 2024.
Restricted Stock Grants
32
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
On February 23, 2024 we issued approximately $3.2 million of restricted stock to employees, or approximately 268,000
shares based on the closing price of our stock on February 23, 2024. The shares are subject to vesting conditions described in
Note 8 “Employee Benefits” of our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report.
33
Exhibit
Number
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Description of Exhibits
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.1
3.2
4.1
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.2
10.3.3
10.3.4
10.3.5
10.3.6
10.3.7
10.3.8
Securities Purchase Agreement by and among Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., McCarthy Group Advisors,
LLC, MGA Holdings, LLC, and The Members of MGA Holdings, LLC (incorporated by reference from the
Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2013)
Reorganization Agreement and Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 15, 2015 by and among
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., Westwood Trust, Woodway Financial Advisors, A Trust Company and the
Shareholders of Woodway Financial Advisors, A Trust Company (incorporated by reference from the Form
8-K filed with the SEC on January 16, 2015)
Purchase Agreement, dated May 25, 2022, by and among Westwood Holdings Group, Inc., Salient Capital
Management, LLC, Salient Partners, L.P. and the other Seller parties identified on Annex I (incorporated by
reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 26, 2022)
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by
reference from the Form S-8 filed with the SEC on September 28, 2022)
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference from the Form
8-K filed with the SEC on November 2, 2021)
Form of Common Stock Certificate of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference from
Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form 10/A filed with the SEC on April 30, 2002)
Eighth Amended and Restated Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, as amended
(incorporated by reference from the Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on March 22, 2022)
Tax Separation Agreement between SWS Group, Inc. and Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by
reference from Amendment No. 5 to Registration Statement on Form 10/A filed with the SEC on June 6,
2002)
Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent Real Estate Funding I, L.P., dated as of
April 4, 1990, and amendment thereto (incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form
10 filed with the SEC on February 8, 2002)
Ninth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent Real Estate
Funding I, dated as of November 25, 2003 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC
on February 27, 2004)
Tenth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent Real Estate
Funding I, dated as of February 23, 2004 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC
on February 27, 2004)
Eleventh Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent Real Estate
Funding I, dated as of December 9, 2010 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC
on February 25, 2011)
Twelfth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent TC Investors LP,
dated as of August 17, 2012 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February
28, 2013)
Thirteenth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent TC Investors
LP, dated as of October 9, 2014 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC on
February 25, 2016)
Fourteenth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent TC Investors
LP, dated as of February 5, 2015 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC on
February 25, 2016)
Fifteenth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent TC Investors
LP, dated as of July 30, 2015 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February
25, 2016)
Sixteenth Modification of Office Lease between Westwood Management Corp. and Crescent TC Investors
LP, dated as of July 5, 2018 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on October
24, 2018)
34
Exhibit
Number
Description of Exhibits
10.4
10.5
10.6+
10.7+
10.8+
10.9+
10.10+
10.11+
10.12+
10.13+
10.14+
10.15+
10.16+
10.17+
10.18+
10.19+
10.20+
21.1
23.1*
23.2*
24.1*
31.1*
31.2*
Software License and Support Agreement between Advent Software, Inc. and Westwood Management Corp.,
dated as of December 30, 1996 (incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form 10 filed
with the SEC on February 8, 2002)
Investment Sub-advisory Agreement between Teton Advisers, LLC and Westwood Management Corp., dated
as of October 6, 1994 (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28,
2013)
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference from the
Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2004)
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Westwood Management Corp. (incorporated by reference from the
Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2004)
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Westwood Trust (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K
filed with the SEC on February 27, 2004)
Executive Employment Agreement between Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. and Brian O. Casey
(incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 18, 2015)
Form of Performance Share Agreement between Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. and Brian O. Casey
(incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 14, 2016)
One-Time Performance Share Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2016, between Westwood Holdings Group,
Inc. and Brian O. Casey (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 14,
2016)
Waiver of Certain Performance Shares Under the Performance Share Agreement, dated as of February 22,
2017 (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2017)
Form of Performance Share Agreement (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
March 10, 2017)
Share Award Plan of Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. for Service Provided in Canada to its Subsidiaries
(incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the SEC on April 18,
2013)
Consulting Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2015, between Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. and Susan
Byrne (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on July 29, 2015)
Severance Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2018, between Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. and Fabian
Gomez (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2018)
Employee Confidentiality and Non-compete Agreement, effective November 1, 2018, between Westwood
Holdings Group, Inc. and Murray "Terry" Forbes III (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K/A filed
with the SEC on October 29, 2018)
Employee Confidentiality and Non-Compete Agreement dated as of May 25, 2022 by and between Fabian
Gomez and Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the
SEC on May 26, 2022)
Side Letter Agreement dated as of May 25, 2022 by and between Fabian Gomez and Westwood Holdings
Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 26, 2022)
Employee Confidentiality and Non-Compete Agreement dated as of April 8, 2021 by and between Porter
Montgomery and Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference from the Form 8-K filed with
the SEC on May 26, 2022)
Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference from the Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2013)
Consent of BDO USA, P.C.
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
Power of Attorney (included on first signature page)
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of Westwood required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of Westwood required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
35
Exhibit
Number
32.1#
32.2#
97
101*
Description of Exhibits
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Compensation Recovery Policy
The following financial information from Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2023, formatted in Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language
(iXBRL): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022; (ii) Consolidated Statements
of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021; (iii) Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021; (iv) Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021; and (v) Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
104*
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
*
+
#
Filed herewith.
Indicates management contract or compensation plan, contract or arrangement.
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of SEC Regulation S-K, these exhibits are furnished rather than filed with this Report.
36
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP CORPORATE INFORMATION
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT
Brian O. Casey
Chief Executive Officer
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Susan M. Byrne
Founder & Vice Chairman of the Board
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Brian O. Casey
Chief Executive Officer
Murray Forbes III
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer & Treasurer
Richard M. Frank(1)(2)(3)
Chairman of the Board
Former Executive Chairman
CEC Entertainment, Inc.
Randy Bowman(1)(2)(3)
CEO at AT LAST!—The Urban
Boarding Experience
Ellen H. Masterson(1)(2)(3)
Former Partner
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Geoffrey R. Norman(1)(2)(3)
Former Executive Vice President
GE Asset Management
(1) Audit Committee Member, Chaired by
Ellen Masterson
(2) Compensation Committee Member, Chaired by
Geoffrey Norman
(3) Governance/Nominating Committee Member,
Chaired by Randy Bowman
STOCKHOLDER INFORMATION
Corporate Headquarters
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
200 Crescent Court, Suite 1200
Dallas, Texas 75201
214.756.6900
Stock Exchange Listing
New York Stock Exchange
Common Stock
Ticker Symbol: WHG
Transfer Agent & Registrar
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, NY 11219
800.937.5449
Independent Auditors
BDO, LLP
Dallas, Texas
Corporate Counsel
Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP
Dallas, Texas
Annual Meeting of Stockholders
Stockholders are invited to attend the
2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders,
which will be held virtually on May 1,
2024, at 10:00 a.m. CST. The website
address for the virtual annual meeting
will be provided in the Company’s annual
meeting proxy materials.
For more information about Westwood
Holdings Group, Inc., visit our website
at westwoodgroup.com or email
info@westwoodgroup.com. You may
obtain information about Westwood Funds
by visiting westwoodfunds.com or by
calling 877.FUND.WHG.
CERTIFICATIONS REGARDING
PUBLIC DISCLOSURES AND
LISTINGS STANDARDS
Westwood Holdings Group, Inc. has
filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 to its
Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2023, as the certifications required by
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
regarding the quality of the company’s
public disclosure. In addition, the annual
certification of the Chief Executive Officer
regarding compliance by Westwood
Holdings Group, Inc. with the corporate
governance listing standards of the New
York Stock Exchange will be submitted
without qualification to the New York
Stock Exchange following the April 2023
annual stockholder meeting.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements in this Annual Report to Stockholders that are not purely historical facts constitute forward-looking statements within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended. Actual results and the timing of some events could differ materially from those projected in or contemplated by
the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including, without limitation: the composition and market value of
our assets under management; regulations adversely affecting the financial services industry; competition in the investment
management industry; our assets under management including investments in foreign companies; our ability to develop and
market new investment strategies successfully; our reputation and our relationships with current and potential customers; our
ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; our ability to maintain effective cyber security; our ability to perform operational
tasks; our ability to identify and execute on our strategic initiatives; our ability to maintain effective information systems; our
ability to select and oversee third-party vendors; litigation risks; our ability to properly address conflicts of interest; our ability to
maintain adequate insurance coverage; our ability to maintain an effective system of internal controls; our ability to maintain our
fee structure in light of competitive fee pressures; our relationships with investment consulting firms; the significant concentration
of our revenues in a small number of customers; and the other risks detailed from time to time in our SEC filings, including, but
not limited to, those set forth under the “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” sections in the Annual Report on Form
10-K included herein. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of
the date of this Annual Report to Stockholders. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to publicly release any revisions
to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Annual Report to Stockholders or to
reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Past performance is not indicative of future results. Nothing in this Annual Report is intended to offer any investment advisory
service or any investment or financial product. This Annual Report should not be relied on to decide whether to use any investment
advisory service from, or to purchase any investment or financial product managed or advised by, Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
or any of its affiliates.
About Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. IS A FOCUSED INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT BOUTIQUE
AND WEALTH MANAGEMENT FIRM.
Westwood offers a broad array of investment solutions to institutional investors, private wealth clients
and financial intermediaries. The firm specializes in several distinct investment capabilities including
U.S. Value Equity, Multi-Asset, Tactical Absolute Return, Energy & Real Assets and Income Alternatives.
In addition, the firm has recently begun to add capabilities in Managed Investment Solutions and
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs). Westwood’s strategies are made available through separate accounts,
the Westwood Funds® family of mutual funds and other pooled vehicles. Westwood benefits from
significant, broad-based employee ownership and trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the
symbol “WHG.” Based in Dallas, Westwood also maintains offices in Chicago, Houston and San Francisco.
For more information on Westwood, please visit westwoodgroup.com
200 Crescent Court
Suite 1200
Dallas, TX 75201
214.756.6900
DALLAS | CHICAGO | HOUSTON | SAN FRANCISCO