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Willdan Group, Inc.

wldn · NASDAQ Industrials
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Ticker wldn
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Industrials
Industry Engineering & Construction
Employees 1761
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FY2024 Annual Report · Willdan Group, Inc.
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for the Year Ended December 27, 2024

April 18, 2025 
To Our Shareholders: 
Willdan’s 2024 performance reflects the continued progress of our long-term strategy to build a 
scaled, high-performance business at the center of the dynamic environment generating 
increasing demand for electrical power. We delivered record-setting results - including $4.49 of 
free cash flow per share - while remaining focused on durable, sustainable value creation. We 
are growing in the right markets, investing with intention, and positioning Willdan to lead as 
electric demand rises and infrastructure evolves. 
Our strategic direction is aligned with powerful macro trends. The electric grid is undergoing a 
once-in-a-generation transformation, driven by artificial intelligence, widespread electrification, 
and the reshoring of U.S. manufacturing. These forces are accelerating electric load growth and 
placing new demands on energy systems. Willdan’s integrated capabilities - from strategic 
planning and engineering to full program delivery - uniquely position us to meet these challenges 
and support our clients' transition to a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable energy future. 
In 2024, we reinforced our market leadership and the scalability of our model. We secured new 
awards across California and the Pacific Northwest and won all major recompetes - including one 
of the largest programs in our history with the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. 
These wins reflect our strong delivery record and deep client trust. 
We also advanced our long-term growth by expanding into high-opportunity sectors. Since Q3, 
we completed three acquisitions, including Alternative Power Generation, a leader in turnkey 
solutions for commercial data centers. Our commercial sector revenue now accounts for 
approximately 15% of total revenue - more than double last year - underscoring our growing 
relevance in energy-intensive markets. 
Our mission is clear: We help transition communities to a more sustainable future. We support 
our clients as they modernize grids, integrate renewable energy, and reduce resource 
consumption. Our proprietary software and technical expertise continue to make energy 
solutions more scalable and cost-effective. 
As we look to 2025 and beyond, we remain focused on growth through innovation, talent, and 
strategic acquisitions. With a national footprint, a robust opportunity pipeline, and a clear long-
term vision, we believe Willdan is well positioned to continue our growth toward a multibillion-
dollar, world-class company. 
To our employees - thank you for your commitment and expertise. To our clients and partners -
thank you for your collaboration. And to our shareholders - thank you for your continued 
confidence and support. Together, we are helping to build the future of energy and 
infrastructure, one community at a time. 
Sincerely, 
Mike Bieber   
President and Chief Executive Officer 

 
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-K 
 
 
(Mark One) 
 
☒ 
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE 
ACT OF 1934 
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 27, 2024. 
Or 
☐ 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the Transition Period from                        to                       . 
 
Commission File Number 001-33076 
WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 
14-1951112 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 
 
2401 East Katella Avenue, Suite 300, Anaheim, California 92806 
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 
 
(800) 424-9144 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 
Title of each class 
Trading Symbol(s) 
Name of Exchange 
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share 
WLDN 
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC 
(Nasdaq Global Market) 
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes  ☐     No  ☒ 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ☐  
No ☒ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such 
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of 
Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such 
files). Yes ☒  No ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or 
an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth 
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer ☐ 
Accelerated filer ☒ 
Non-accelerated filer ☐ 
Smaller reporting company ☐ 
 
Emerging growth company ☐ 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any 
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal 
control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that 
prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ 
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in 
the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation 
received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to § 240.10D-1(b). ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☒ 
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the 
common equity was last sold, as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second 
fiscal quarter was $285.3 million.  
On March 5, 2025 there were 14,407,642 shares of the registrant’s common stock issued and outstanding. 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 
Designated portions of the Proxy Statement relating to registrant’s 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of fiscal year 2024, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report. 
 

i 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 
 
 
 
Page 
 
PART I 
ITEM 1. 
BUSINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
3
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
16
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
30
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
30
ITEM 2. 
PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
32
ITEM 3. 
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
32
ITEM 4. 
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
32
 
PART II 
ITEM 5. 
MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
33
ITEM 6. 
RESERVED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
35
ITEM 7. 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
36
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
52
ITEM 8. 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
53
ITEM 9. 
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
102
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
102
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
103
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS . . . .  
104
 
PART III 
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
105
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
105
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
105
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
105
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
105
 
PART IV 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
106
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
108
 
 

1 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION 
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “10-K”) contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements 
as that term is defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. These statements concern 
our business, operations and financial performance and condition as well as our plans, objectives and expectations for 
our business operations and financial performance and condition, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. All 
statements other than statements of historical fact included in this 10-K are forward-looking statements. These 
statements may include words such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “can have,” “could,” “due,” “estimate,” 
“expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “objective,” “plan,” “potential,” “positioned,” “predict,” “should,” “target,” 
“will,” “would” and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any discussion of the timing or nature 
of future operating or financial performance or other events or trends. For example, all statements we make relating to 
our plans and objectives for future operations, growth or initiatives and strategies are forward-looking statements. 
These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about 
our business and the industry in which we operate and our management’s beliefs and assumptions. We derive many of 
our forward-looking statements from our own operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed 
assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that predicting the impact of known 
factors is very difficult, and we cannot anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. 
All of our forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to 
differ materially from our expectations. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our 
expectations include, but are not limited to: 
• 
our ability to adequately complete projects in a timely manner;  
• 
our ability to compete successfully in the highly competitive energy services market;  
• 
our reliance on work from our top ten clients; 
• 
changes in state, local and regional economies and government budgets;  
• 
our ability to win new contracts, to renew existing contracts and to compete effectively for contracts 
awarded through bidding processes; 
• 
our ability to make principal and interest payments on our outstanding debt as they come due and to 
comply with the financial covenants contained in our debt agreements;  
• 
our ability to manage supply chain constraints, labor shortages, elevated interest rates, and elevated 
inflation; 
• 
our ability to obtain financing and to refinance our outstanding debt as it matures; 
• 
our ability to successfully integrate our acquisitions and execute on our growth strategy; and  
• 
our ability to attract and retain managerial, technical, and administrative talent. 
The above is not a complete list of factors or events that could cause actual results to differ from our 
expectations, and we cannot predict all of them. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or 
persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements disclosed under “Risk 
Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as such disclosures may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time 
by other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including subsequent Annual Reports on 
Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and public communications.  
 
 

2 
You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and otherwise in 
the context of these risks and uncertainties. 
Potential investors and other readers are urged to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-
looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements we make. These 
forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are not guarantees of 
future performance or developments and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are in 
many cases beyond our control. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-
looking statements publicly, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise. 
 
 
 

3 
PART I 
ITEM 1.  BUSINESS 
Overview 
Willdan Group, Inc. (“Willdan”) is a provider of professional, technical and consulting services to utilities, 
private industry, and public agencies at all levels of government. As resource and infrastructure needs undergo 
continuous change, we help organizations and their communities evolve and thrive by providing a wide range of 
technical services for energy solutions, greenhouse gas reduction, and government infrastructure. Through engineering, 
program management, policy advisory, and software and data management, we plan, design and deliver trusted, 
comprehensive, innovative, and proven solutions to improve efficiency, resiliency, and sustainability in energy and 
infrastructure to our clients.  
The company was founded in 1964 to serve public agencies in communities with populations ranging from 
10,000 to 300,000 people. Willdan, a Delaware corporation, was formed in 2006 to serve as our holding company for the 
expanding subsidiary operations. We commenced providing energy efficiency services in 2008 and since then, through 
organic growth and acquisitions, our client base has grown to include investor-owned and other public utilities, as well 
as substantial energy users in government and business.  
Our overall growth strategy revolves around a combination of strong organic expansion and strategic 
acquisitions which provides us the ability to expand the breadth and depth of the services we provide to new and existing 
clients. We believe that we are well positioned to capitalize on the ongoing expansion and transformation of the energy 
and infrastructure environments as they adapt to climate change, electrification, and technology advancements.  
We operate our business through a nationwide network of offices spread across 22 states, the District of 
Columbia, the Canadian province of Alberta, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. We serve a majority of the largest 
investor-owned electric utilities and over half of the largest municipal utilities in the United States (“U.S.”). Our 
business with public and private utilities has concentrations in California and New York, but includes numerous other 
utilities in the Midwest, Southeast and Mountain states and additional acquisitions may continue to expand our 
geographic footprint. Our business with public agencies is concentrated in California, New York, and Arizona. We also 
serve special districts, school districts, and a large range of public agencies and private industry throughout the U.S. 
Our broad portfolio of services operates within two financial reporting segments: (i) Energy and 
(ii) Engineering and Consulting. The interfaces and synergies between these segments are important elements of our 
strategy to design and deliver trusted, comprehensive, innovative, and proven solutions and services for our customers. 
Our Markets 
We operate in the energy services market and the engineering and consulting market. We provide a wide variety 
of services related to energy planning and analysis, energy efficiency and sustainability, engineering, construction 
management, and economic and financial consulting services primarily to public agencies, utilities, and 
commercial/industrial firms. 
We believe the energy services market will continue to expand in response to the increasing awareness of 
global warming, climate change issues, and the advent of new technologies in renewable energy generation and the 
electrification of the nation’s economy. In addition, the rapid growth in artificial intelligence is creating increased power 
demand from data centers and thus becoming a new catalyst in expanding the energy services market. Private industry 
and public agencies increasingly seek out cost-effective, turnkey solutions that provide innovative plans, tools, and 
solutions to address energy efficiency, renewable energy, water conservation and sustainability. State and local 
governments frequently turn to specialized resource conservation firms to help strike the balance between environmental 
responsibility and economic competitiveness. The use of energy services, including audits, program design, benchmark 
analysis, metering and incentivized sale and installation of energy efficiency measures provides public agencies, utilities, 
and commercial/industrial firms with the ability to realize long-term energy savings and greenhouse gas reductions. 

4 
The engineering and consulting market has grown as public agencies and utilities, as well as private utilities and 
commercial/industrial firms, find it more efficient to outsource design, construction oversight, advisory, and training 
services to contract providers, rather than maintain the necessary staff and resources to provide such services themselves. 
For example, we serve as municipal engineers and building and safety departments for local governments. We also 
design and provide construction oversight of various infrastructure projects for state and local governments to address 
environmental goals and mandates, population shifts, changes in local and state funding and aging infrastructure. We 
also provide consulting services to public agencies as they raise the necessary funds to develop such infrastructure 
projects and provide other services. Relatedly, we provide local government staffing, traffic and transportation 
engineering, studies, plan reviews, grant support, and inspections.  
We are a professional services firm focused on transformational growth and value creation for our clients, 
employees and shareholders. We seek to establish long-term close working relationships with our clients and expand the 
breadth and depth of the services we provide to them over time. We believe the market for these services is, and will be, 
driven by a number of factors, including: 
• 
Demand for services and solutions that provide energy efficiency, greenhouse gas reduction, sustainability, 
electrification, water conservation, infrastructure development and renewable energy in the public and 
private sectors; 
• 
Changes in technology that affect the generation, distribution and consumption of energy; 
• 
Ongoing efforts to upgrade aging energy infrastructure to meet power, transmission, and environmental 
goals and requirements; 
• 
The increasing challenge to balance energy demand from electrification and trends toward electric vehicles 
with the changing sources of energy from wind, solar, and distributed energy resources; 
• 
The need for small and medium sized communities to obtain highly specialized services without incurring 
the costs of hiring permanent staffing and the associated support structure; 
• 
Financial assistance from utilities, government-funded programs and state legislation for local communities 
to provide services to constituents; and 
• 
Changes in government policy. 
Our Services 
We offer services in two financial reporting segments: (i) Energy and (ii) Engineering and Consulting. 
Management established these segments based upon the services provided, the different marketing strategies associated 
with these services, and the specialized needs of their respective clients.  
The following table presents the approximate percentage of our consolidated contract revenue attributable to 
each financial reporting segment.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 84 %   
 84 %   
 83 %   
Engineering and Consulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 16 %   
 16 %   
 17 %   
During fiscal year 2024, we derived 10.7% of our Energy segment contract revenues from one customer, 
Southern California Edison. During fiscal year 2024, we had no individual customers that accounted for more than 10% 
of our Engineering and Consulting segment contract revenues. 

5 
For further information related to our financial reporting segments, see Part II, Item 8, Note 9, “Segment and 
Geographical Information”, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K.  
Energy Services  
Our Energy segment provides specialized, innovative, and comprehensive energy solutions to businesses, 
utilities, state agencies, municipalities, and non-profit organizations. Our experienced engineers, consultants, and staff 
help our clients realize cost and energy savings by tailoring efficient and cost-effective solutions to assist in optimizing 
energy spend. Our energy services include comprehensive audit and surveys, program design, master planning, demand 
reduction, grid optimization, benchmarking analyses, design engineering, construction management, performance 
contracting, installation, alternative financing, measurement and verification services, and advances in software and data 
analytics for long term planning. 
Our energy services include the following: 
Energy Efficiency.  We provide complete energy efficiency consulting and engineering services, including 
program design, management and administration; marketing, customer outreach and project origination; energy audits 
and feasibility analyses; implementation; training; management; retro-commissioning; data management and reporting; 
measurement and verification services; and construction management. 
Program Design and Implementation.  We assist utilities and governmental clients with the design, 
development and implementation of energy efficiency plans and programs. These plans include the design, outreach, and 
implementation of strategies to reduce peak energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency, 
water conservation, and renewable energy planning. 
Direct Customer Support.  We assist clients (including hospitals, hotels, government offices, schools, and 
private industry) in developing and managing facilities and related infrastructures through a holistic, practical approach 
to facility management. Our services cover audits, local compliance, operations and maintenance review, renewable 
energy planning, master plan development, infrastructure analyses, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design 
(“LEED”) certification for buildings, and strategies for energy spend and greenhouse gas reduction. 
 
Turnkey Facility and Infrastructure Projects. We provide turnkey/design-build facility and infrastructure 
improvement projects to a wide array of private and public clients including municipalities, county governments, public 
and private K-12 schools, and higher education institutions. Our services cover preliminary planning, project design, 
construction management, commissioning, post-project support and measurement and verification. 
 
Project Examples.  The following are examples of typical projects in the Energy segment: 
• 
Consolidated Edison, New York.  We serve as Consolidated Edison’s program manager and implementer 
for its Small Business Direct Install (“SMB”) program across the utility’s New York City and Westchester 
County service areas. The SMB program, Consolidated Edison’s largest energy efficiency program, helps 
customers save energy, lower their bills, and protect the environment by providing financial incentives to 
identify and install certain energy efficiency measures. To support this effort, we provide full-service 
program implementation, including outreach and direct sales to potential commercial customers, on-site 
energy efficiency assessments, direct implementation of energy-savings measures, and subcontractor and 
trade-ally management.  
• 
Dormitory Authority-State New York (“DASNY”), New York.  In connection with our acquisition of 
substantially all of the assets of Genesys Engineering, P.C. (“Genesys”) in March 2016, we entered into an 
administrative services agreement with Genesys pursuant to which we, through our subsidiary Willdan 
Energy Solutions (“WES”), provide Genesys with ongoing administrative, operational and other non-
professional support services in its performance of rehabilitation, construction management, architectural, 
and engineering services at various college and university sites within New York State. Services for 

6 
DASNY under these contracts also include energy efficient design, utility cost evaluation, and various 
regulatory compliance services. Specific project descriptions are set out by DASNY in work authorizations, 
which are issued under the terms of the master contracts. 
• 
Marshak Science Building Rehabilitation, The City University of New York.  Performed under the DASNY 
master contract, the Marshak Science Building is a mid-rise, 750,000 square-foot science building, which 
consists of a 350,000 square-foot, 13-story tower and a 300,000 square-foot plaza level and underground. 
The science building houses research and teaching labs, a vivarium, a morgue, office areas, a library, an 
auditorium, a gymnasium and a pool. We were responsible for the study, design, and construction 
management that included the retrofit of 200 standard-flow fume hoods to low-flow, high-efficiency hoods 
and the installation of high-entrainment fume hood exhaust systems, new lab make-up air units with heat 
recovery, liquid desiccant dehumidification systems, new supply air risers and general exhaust risers 
throughout the tower, new hot water and chilled water risers, new central station air handling equipment, 
new high-temperature hot water to low-temperature hot water heat exchangers, and a lab fit-out with 
chilled beam secondary heating and cooling.  
• 
Pueblo School District 70 Infrastructure Improvement, Colorado. Pueblo School District 70 has 25+ 
schools and support facilities covering approximately 1.5 million square-feet. We were responsible for 
development, design, and construction management of nearly 150 energy efficiency and infrastructure 
improvement projects district wide. These projects included multiple building additions, several major 
interior renovations, district-wide LED upgrade, 10 building-wide HVAC and controls projects, 11 roof 
replacements, a dozen major parking lot improvements and replacements, and multiple CCTV and public 
address system replacements. 
• 
San Diego Gas and Electric (“SDG&E”), California.  We provided peak-load reduction and energy 
capacity to SDG&E by coordinating the installation of proven energy efficiency measures, including chiller 
retrofits, chiller variable-frequency drives (“VFDs”), HVAC VFDs, evaporative cooling, demand control 
ventilation, two-way valves, and chilled water pump VFDs. These measures produced both peak-load 
reductions and energy savings.  
• 
Entergy Corporation, Louisiana. We supported Entergy’s investments in grid data and analytics 
capabilities across its electric distribution footprint through a software license for LoadSEER. LoadSEER 
was developed to provide unique insights and modeling capability for distributed energy resources and the 
evolving distribution grid. The application is used in short- and long-term circuit-level planning and to 
proactively integrate renewables, energy storage, and efficiency investments. LoadSEER combines multi-
layer risk, geospatial, and scenario modeling; utilities’ existing tools; engineering efforts; and multiple data 
sources in order to deliver dynamic, granular load profiles and perform valuation analyses. 
• 
Commercial Energy Efficiency Programs. Southern California Edison has contracted with us to develop, 
implement, and offer these programs to SCE customers. We are the implementer of the Commercial 
Program, which is targeted to help SCE customers lower their energy bills and reduce demand and energy 
usage by providing technical services, connection to financing, and financial incentives to identify and 
install energy efficiency measures. To support this effort, we provide full-service program implementation, 
including customer outreach, performing energy audits, and facilitating installation and verifying savings 
of approved energy efficiency measures. 
• 
City of New York – LL97 Implementation Action Plan. We developed a plan for New York City that 
identifies the most feasible route to achieving the City’s deep decarbonization, energy efficiency, and clean 
and renewable electricity goals. The plan is designed to balance policy compliance, technical and practical 
feasibility, and cost considerations, and will result in more than 50% greenhouse gas emissions reductions 
from City government infrastructure and energy system upgrades in City buildings by 2030. Each City 
agency now has actionable targets and an initial pathway to meeting them under the plan. The effort 
included the virtual survey of more than 4,000 publicly owned facilities in the city, detailed building 
energy modeling of prototypical city facilities, and transformation of these analyses into a comprehensive 

7 
plan for the implementation of new renewable electricity sources, a heat electrification initiative, improved 
building energy efficiency and changes in wastewater, transportation, and other processes to meet the 
established goals. 
Engineering and Consulting Services 
Our Engineering and Consulting segment provides civil engineering-related construction management, building 
and safety, city engineering office management, city planning, civil design, geotechnical, material testing and other 
engineering consulting services to our clients. Our engineering services include traffic, bridges, rail, port, water, and 
other civil engineering projects. We also provide economic and financial consulting to public agencies. Lastly, we 
supplement the engineering services that we offer our clients by offering expertise and support for the various financing 
techniques public agencies utilize to finance their operations and infrastructure. We also support the mandated reporting 
and other requirements associated with these financings. We provide financial advisory services for municipal securities 
but do not provide underwriting services. 
In general, contracts for engineering and consulting services are awarded by public agencies based primarily 
upon the qualifications of the engineering or consulting professional, rather than the proposed fees. We have 
longstanding relationships with many of these agencies and are recognized as having relevant expertise and customer 
focused services. A substantial percentage of our work is for existing clients that we have served for many years.  
Our Engineering and Consulting services include the following: 
Building and Safety.  Our building and safety services range from managing and staffing an entire municipal 
building department to providing specific outsourced services, such as plan review and field inspections for code 
compliance. Other related services under this umbrella include performing accessibility compliance and providing 
disaster recovery teams, energy compliance evaluations, fire and life safety, permit processing and issuance, seismic 
retrofitting programs, and structural plan review. Many of our building and safety services contracts are with 
municipalities and counties where we supplement the capacity of in-house staff. 
City Engineering and Code Enforcement.  We provide municipalities with city engineering services related to 
the public works department needs and assist with the development and capital improvements implementation, and 
enforcement of building and development codes. These services are tailored to the unique needs of each municipality, 
ranging from staffing an entire engineering department to carrying out specific projects within a municipality. 
Development Review.  We offer development plan review and inspection services including Americans with 
Disabilities Act (“ADA”) compliance, preliminary and final plats (maps), grading and drainage, complete infrastructure 
improvements for residential site plans, commercial site plans, industrial development and subdivision, and major master 
plan development services. We have reviewed grading plans, street lighting and traffic signal plans, erosion control 
plans, storm drain plans, street improvement plans, and sewer water and utility plans. 
Disaster Recovery.  We provide disaster recovery services to cities, counties and local government. Our 
experience in disaster recovery includes assisting communities in the disaster recovery process following earthquakes, 
firestorms, hurricanes, mudslides and other natural disasters. We typically organize and staff several local disaster 
recovery centers which function as “one-stop permit centers” that guarantee turn-around performance for fast-track plan 
checking and inspection services. Additionally, we have performed street and storm drain clean-up, replacement or 
repair of damaged storm drains, streets, and bridges, debris management and preparation and implementation of a 
near-term erosion and sediment control program.  
Geotechnical.  Our geotechnical and earthquake engineering services include soil engineering, earthquake and 
seismic hazard studies, geology and hydrogeology engineering, and construction inspection. We operate a licensed, 
full-service geotechnical laboratory at our headquarters in Anaheim, California, which offers an array of testing services, 
including construction materials testing and inspection. 

8 
Planning and Surveying.  We assist communities with a full range of planning services, from the preparation of 
long-range policy plans to assistance with the day-to-day operations of a planning department. For several cities, we 
provide contract staff support, which ranges from staffing entire departments to providing interim or long-term services 
to entities that have determined that it is not cost-effective to have a full-time engineer on staff, to relieve peak workload 
situations or to fill vacant positions during a job search. Typical assignments include land use studies, development of 
specific plans or general plan elements, design guidelines, and zoning ordinances. We also provide surveying and 
mapping services, including major construction layout, design survey, topographic survey, aerial mapping, Geographic 
Information Systems, and right-of-way engineering.  
Program and Construction Management.  We provide comprehensive program and construction management 
services to our public sector clients. These services include construction administration, inspection, observation, labor 
compliance, and community relations, depending on the client’s needs and the scope of the specific project. Our 
construction management experience encompasses projects such as streets, bridges, sewers and storm drains, water 
systems, parks, pools, public buildings, and utilities. 
Structures.  Our structural engineering services include bridge design, bridge evaluation and inspection, 
highway and railroad bridge planning and design, highway interchange design, railroad grade separation design, bridge 
seismic retrofitting, building design and retrofit, sound wall and retaining wall design, and planning and design for 
bridge rehabilitation and replacement. 
Transportation and Traffic.  We provide a wide range of services relating to transportation, traffic and other 
infrastructure projects. For example, our transportation engineering services cover a full spectrum of support functions, 
including right of way, utility relocation, landscape, survey and mapping, geographic information systems, public 
outreach, and interagency coordination. Our traffic engineering services include serving as the contract city traffic 
engineer in communities, as well as performing design and traffic planning projects for our clients. 
Water Resources.  We assist clients in addressing the many facets of water development, treatment, distribution 
and conservation, including energy savings, technical, financial, legal, political, and regulatory requirements. Our core 
competencies include hydraulic modeling, master planning, rate studies and design and construction services. Our design 
experience includes reservoirs, pressure reducing stations, pump and lift stations, and pipeline alignment studies, as well 
as water/wastewater collection, distribution, and treatment facilities. We also provide a complete analysis and projection 
of storm flows for use in drainage master plans and for individual storm drain systems to reduce flooding in streets and 
adjacent properties. We design open and closed storm drain systems and detention basin facilities for cities, counties and 
the Army Corp of Engineers. 
District Administration.  We administer special districts on behalf of public agencies. The types of special 
districts administered include property assessed clean energy (PACE), community facilities districts (in California, 
Mello-Roos districts), assessment districts, landscape and lighting districts, school facilities improvement districts, 
benefit assessment districts, fire suppression districts, and business improvement districts. Our district administration 
services include calculating the annual levy for each parcel in the district; billing charges directly or through a county tax 
roll; preparing the annual Engineer’s Report, budget and resolutions; reporting on collections and payment status; 
calculating prepayment quotes; and providing financial analyses, modeling and budget forecasting. 
Financial Consulting.  We perform economic analyses and financial projects for public agencies, including fee 
and rate studies; utility rate analyses; utility system appraisals and asset acquisitions; economic development and 
redevelopment planning; development and implementation of land-based financing districts to provide revenue for 
public facilities and services; feasibility analyses, formation assistance, long-term financial plans, and annual district 
administration of Texas special districts (Public Improvement Districts, Tax Increment Reinvestment Zones, and 
Municipal Management Districts); real estate and market analyses associated with planning efforts; development fee 
studies; special district formation and other special projects. 
Federal Compliance.  We offer several services that support bonded debt compliance reporting for cities, 
counties, states, school districts, water districts, housing authorities, 501(c)(3) and other municipal entities. We provide 

9 
federal compliance services to approximately 750 issuers in 43 states and the District of Columbia managing 
approximately $69 billion in municipal debt. 
The following are examples of typical projects we have performed in the Engineering and Consulting segment: 
• 
City of Elk Grove, California, City Engineering, Capital Improvement, and Infrastructure Services. We 
provided comprehensive technical support to the Public Works and Development Services Departments for 
the over 170,000-resident community of Elk Grove, California. Our services have included public counter 
service, drainage/stormwater/NPDES, traffic engineering, permitting, land development review and 
inspection, CIP design and construction support. Serving the two City departments was a team of full-time 
engineers, scientists, managers, observers/inspectors, project managers, administrative support staff, and a 
team of subconsultants. All work was accomplished through a task order process that defined the scope of 
work, time of performance, and cost of services.  
• 
City of Long Beach, California, Engineering and Construction Management Services. We provided 
construction management and public works inspection services for the City’s capital improvement and 
street maintenance programs. The projects involve building tenant improvements, landscaping, asphalt 
overlays, ADA compliance ramps, sidewalks, storm drains, water lines, sewer installations, underground 
utility improvements and other appurtenant work. We acted as the Owner’s Representative and 
Construction Manager responsible for coordinating all aspects of the construction, including coordination 
with the City’s Building Inspection Staff. 
• 
County of Los Angeles, California, Traffic Design and Operational Support Services. We provide 
professional traffic engineering services for Traffic Signal Synchronization Project. The services include 
meetings and project coordination with Los Angeles County and various municipalities as well as field 
review, equipment inventory, reporting for recommended improvements, traffic signal base plans, traffic 
signal improvement plans, traffic signal utility plans and engineering estimates for multiple signalized 
intersections along various street corridors.  
• 
County of Orange, California, Code Enforcement Services. Our code enforcement team is responsible for 
responding to citizen concerns and investigations of a variety of code violations throughout the 
unincorporated areas of Orange County in support of its Neighborhood Preservation Program, including the 
reviewing, processing, and closing of code enforcement cases related to land use, zoning, building, grading, 
nuisance, and property maintenance violations. Our staff performs review of all case files, inspection of 
properties, filing notices and complaints against violators, documenting, and preparing violation cases for 
the district attorney’s office and/or County counsel and testifying in court. We assist in the 
entitlement/development process consisting of general land use, zoning and building violations. 
• 
City of Phoenix, Building and Safety Services.  We have provided Building Safety, Building Inspection and 
Building and Fire plan review services to the City of Phoenix Building and Fire Departments since 2001. 
Willdan Building Inspectors and Reviewers report to the City of Phoenix where the city provides 
assignments. Inspectors are assigned residential new construction, additions, and remodel inspections. Fire 
plan reviewers are assigned commercial fire protection systems and Fire Code reviews. Plan reviewers are 
assigned residential new construction, additions and remodels reviews. 
• 
City of Sherman, Texas, Financial Services. We assist the City of Sherman with navigating the financial 
aspects of the largest capital projects in the city’s history to support $3 billion in private investment for 
chip and wafer manufacturing. We completed a Water and Wastewater Utility Rate Study, and provide 
economic development decision support, and ongoing comparative scenario analyses, and hold briefings 
and alignment workshops for elected officials. 
• 
Great Lakes Water Authority (“GLWA”), Detroit, Michigan, Financial Services. We serve as GLWA’s rate 
and financial consultant. We provide annual cost of service studies, proposed schedule of recommended 
rates and charges, community-specific charge calculation sheets, member outreach and public hearing 
presentations regarding proposed changes to water and wastewater service charges, and other related 
support services at the request of GLWA.  

10 
Clients 
Our clients primarily consist of investor and municipal owned energy utilities, public and governmental 
agencies including cities, counties, redevelopment agencies, water districts, school districts and universities, state 
agencies, federal agencies and a variety of other special districts and agencies. We also provide services to private 
industry, hospitals, hotels, and a wide variety of other commercial enterprises.  
We are organized to profitably manage numerous small and large contracts at the same time. The majority of 
our contracts typically range from $1,000 to $10,000,000 in contract revenue; however, several of our construction 
management service contracts exceed $20,000,000 and can range up to $130,000,000 in construction value. In addition, 
many of our multi-year utility program management contracts exceed $10,000,000 and, two of our largest contracts have 
provided contract limits in excess of $100,000,000 in revenue over a period of five years for the management of utility 
incentive programs for the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Our contracts typically have a duration of 
between two and thirty-six months, although we have city services contracts that have been renewed or re-awarded and 
in effect for over 30 years. Most of our contracts include a provision allowing for termination for convenience after 
reimbursement of any unbilled effort under the contract. As of December 27, 2024, we had approximately 2,500 open 
projects.  
During fiscal year 2024, we had no individual customers that accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated 
contract revenues and our top 10 customers accounted for 51.3% of our consolidated contract revenues. 
Our largest clients are based in California and New York. In fiscal year 2024, services provided to clients in 
California accounted for 43.9% of our consolidated contract revenue, and services provided to clients in New York 
accounted for 23.6% of our consolidated contract revenue.  
We collaborate with the LADWP through the Commercial Direct Install Program, which is a small business 
lighting energy efficiency program that serves all commercial customers in the LADWP territory with demand up to 
250kW. On average, this program typically implements approximately 8,000 energy efficiency projects a year and has 
implemented over 106,000 projects since program inception in 2008. Over that time, we have saved the LADWP and its 
customers over half a million MWh per year and almost one hundred MW of peak demand, and also provided lead 
generation identifying over 5,500 water efficiency upgrades. 
We also collaborate with Duke Energy - Progress to manage the small business direct install program in North 
Carolina and South Carolina. Since its launch in 2013, the program has grown to encompass all eligible Duke Energy 
customers in North Carolina, South Carolina, Indiana, and Kentucky. The Small Business Energy Saver Program offers 
eligible commercial customers the opportunity to retrofit a comprehensive list of existing inefficient equipment with 
more energy-efficient measures. The program provides integrated turn-key services including program marketing, 
energy assessments, installation by local contractors, up to 80 percent incentives to offset the cost of projects, and 
education to encourage the replacement of existing equipment with improvements in lighting, refrigeration, and HVAC. 
We continue to implement programs across these four states and have completed over 35,000 projects for Duke Energy 
resulting in over 925,000 MWh in savings to small businesses. 
We implement Consolidated Edison’s Small and Medium Business Program across the utility’s New York City 
and Westchester County service area, as well as Consolidated Edison’s Multifamily program, their largest energy 
efficiency program. After giving effect to renewals and extensions, both contracts continue through the end of 2025. 
These programs help customers save energy, lower their bills, and protect the environment by providing financial 
incentives to identify and buy down the cost of energy efficiency measures. They also provide incentives to customers 
who electrify their buildings and reduce their carbon footprint by installing heat pumps. To support this effort, we 
provide full-service program implementation including outreach and direct sales to potential commercial customers, on-
site energy efficiency assessments, direct implementation of energy savings measures and participating contractor 
management. The administration of incentive payments to other contractors providing services through the program is 
included in our scope, but the structure of the contract is such that these payments are not included in revenue or 
expenses. Consolidated Edison may terminate the contract at any time for any reason. Consolidated Edison has been a 
customer of ours since 2009. 

11 
In connection with our acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Genesys in March 2016, we entered into 
an administrative services agreement with Genesys pursuant to which our subsidiary, WES, provides Genesys with 
ongoing administrative, operational and other non-professional support services. Under such administrative services 
agreement, WES provides administrative services for a series of Genesys’s DASNY and other contracts. WES provides 
administrative services to Genesys in its performance of rehabilitation and construction work and architectural and 
engineering services at various sites within New York State. Services for DASNY under these contracts also include 
energy efficient design, utility cost evaluation and review, and various regulatory compliance services. Specific project 
descriptions are set out by DASNY in work authorizations, which are issued under the terms of the contracts. The 
termination dates of the DASNY contracts vary; the latest of which is November 2026. Work authorized but not yet 
completed under this contract continues to be bound by the terms of the agreement beyond the termination date until 
completion of the projects. Genesys expects to continue to receive amendments from DASNY to the master contract 
extending the termination date under DASNY’s option to extend this contract term twice, one year at a time. DASNY 
may at any time terminate any of the contracts or suspend all projects, for its convenience and without cause. DASNY 
has been a customer of Genesys since 1983. 
Contract Structure 
We generally provide our services under contracts, purchase orders, licensing agreements or retainer letters. 
The agreements we enter into with our clients typically incorporate one of three principal types of pricing provisions: 
• 
Time-and-materials provisions provide for reimbursement of costs and overhead plus a fee for labor based 
on the time expended on a project multiplied by a negotiated hourly billing rate. The profitability 
achievable on a time-and-materials basis is driven by billable headcount, staff utilization, and cost control. 
• 
Unit-based provisions require the delivery of specific units of work, such as energy efficiency savings 
goals measured in kWh or Therms, arbitrage rebate calculations, software access terms, dissemination of 
municipal securities continuing disclosure reports, or building plan checks, at an agreed price per unit, with 
the total payment under the contract determined by the actual number of units performed. 
• 
Fixed price provisions require all work under a contract to be performed for a specified lump sum, which 
may be subject to adjustment if the scope of the project changes. Contracts with fixed price provisions 
carry certain inherent risks, including risks of losses from underestimating costs, delays in project 
completion, problems with new technologies, price increases for materials, and economic and other 
changes that may occur over the contract period. Consequently, the profitability, if any, of fixed price 
contracts can vary substantially. We typically mitigate some of these risks through the use of fixed price 
subcontracts for services, material, and equipment. 
The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the approximate percentage of our contract revenue 
subject to each type of pricing provision:  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
 
     2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
  
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 18 %   
 19 %   
 20 % 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 40 %   
 42 %   
 45 % 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 42 %   
 39 %   
 35 % 
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 100 %   
 100 %   
 100 % 
In relation to the pricing provisions, our service-related contracts, including operations and maintenance 
services and a variety of technical assistance services, are accounted for over the period of performance, in proportion to 
the cost of performance. Award and incentive fees are recorded when they are fixed and determinable and consider 
customer contract terms. 
For time-and-materials and fixed price contracts, we bill our clients periodically in accordance with the contract 
terms, based on costs incurred on either an hourly fee basis or on a percentage of completion basis or upon the 

12 
achievement of certain prescribed milestones, as the project progresses. For unit-based contracts, we bill our clients upon 
delivery and completion of the contracted item or service, and in some cases, in advance of delivery. 
Our contracts come up for renewal periodically and, at the time of renewal, may be subject to renegotiation or 
recompetition, which could impact the profitability on that contract. In addition, during the term of a contract, public 
agencies may request additional or revised services which may impact the economics of the transaction. Most of our 
contracts permit our clients, with prior notice, to terminate the contracts at any time without cause. While we have a 
large volume of transactions and generally low customer concentration, the renewal, termination, or modification of a 
contract may have a material effect on our consolidated operations. 
Competition 
The markets for energy efficiency and sustainability, engineering, construction management, economic and 
financial consulting, design planning and national preparedness services are competitive and highly fragmented. Our 
competition varies by type of client, type of service and geography. The range of competitors for any one project can 
vary depending upon technical specialties, the relative value of the project, geographic location, financial terms, risks 
associated with the work, and any client-imposed restrictions. We often compete with many other firms ranging from 
small local firms to large international firms. Contract awards are based primarily on qualifications, relevant experience, 
staffing capabilities, geographic presence, financial stability, customer service, and price. We face strong competition 
primarily from other regional, national, and international providers of energy efficiency and sustainability consulting 
services, local electrical and mechanical contractors and engineering firms, lighting and lighting fixture manufacturers 
and distributors. In addition to our existing competitors, new competitors such as large national or international 
engineering and/or construction companies could enter our markets.  
Doing business with utilities and governmental agencies is complex and requires the ability to understand and 
comply with intricate regulations and to satisfy periodic audits. We have been serving cities, counties, special districts 
and other public agencies for over half a century. We believe that the ability to understand these requirements and to 
successfully conduct business with utilities, governmental entities and agencies is a barrier to entry for potential 
competitors. 
Unlike some of our competitors, we focus our services on utilities and public sector clients and generally 
exclude residential services. Utility and public sector clients generally choose among competing firms by weighing the 
quality, experience, innovation and timeliness of the firm’s services. When selecting consultants for engineering 
projects, many utilities and government agencies are required to, and others choose to, employ Qualifications Based 
Selection (“QBS”). QBS requires the selection of the most technically qualified firms for a project, while the financial 
and legal terms of the engagement are generally secondary.  
Our competition varies geographically. Although we provide services in several states, we may be stronger in 
certain service lines in some geographical areas than in other regions. Similarly, some of our larger competitors are 
stronger in some service lines in certain localities but are not as competitive in others. Our smaller competitors generally 
are limited both geographically as well as by the depth and breadth of services they are able to provide. 
We consider our principal competitive advantages to be our reputation for dependability, technical knowledge 
and industry expertise of employees, quality of services and solutions, and the scope and scale of our service offerings. 
We believe that no single competitor has sufficient market share to influence the markets in which we operate. 
Insurance 
To address the hazards inherent in our business, we maintain insurance coverage through the following policies: 
commercial general liability, automobile liability, workers’ compensation and employer’s liability, cyber liability, 
professional liability and umbrella/excess liability. However, if any claims, settlements, or judgements, individually or in 
the aggregate, exceed our policy limits, we are liable to pay these claims from our assets. We believe our coverage limits 
reasonably protect us from any material adverse impact that may arise from these insured risks. 

13 
Government Regulation, Licensing, and Enforcement 
A significant portion of our revenues is derived from services provided to public utilities which are generally 
overseen by state or local public utility commissions who provide and administer a regulatory framework governing the 
sourcing, distribution, pricing and general management of electricity and natural gas. Our services are often mandated by 
these regulatory frameworks requiring utilities to meet certain goals for energy efficiency, renewable energy and other 
metrics which impact demand for our services. This framework of regulatory mandates is updated by state and local 
ordinance and some federal regulatory action as well. Demand for our services can be impacted from year to year by 
changes in these regulatory acts regarding energy management, utility budgets and the allowable financial parameters 
imposed by these regulatory agencies. 
Human Capital Resources 
As a professional services company, our continuing success relies on attracting, developing, and retaining a 
workforce that is both technically excellent and responsive to the needs of our clients and customers. An integral part of 
our ability to attract and retain qualified talent depends on our ability to maintain a culture reflective of the diverse 
communities that we serve. 
Willdan has a culture of acceptance, individuality, and respect, creating an environment where every employee 
feels included and empowered to contribute their unique perspectives, develop innovative ideas, and bring their best 
skills to work each day. 
The health and safety of our employees is a core value and we continuously strive to provide a working 
environment that is reflective of that belief. At Willdan, our leadership embraces and supports the efforts required to 
drive the proactive management of risk and the elevation of our safety culture. In addition, to better communicate and 
market our safety objectives, our corporate safety council meets monthly and engages member representatives across the 
organization, bringing practical and timely information forward to share with our workforce. 
Our Workforce 
As of December 27, 2024, we employed a total of 1,761 employees, excluding contractors. Our employees 
include, among others, licensed electrical, mechanical, structural, geotechnical and civil engineers; land surveyors; 
certified building officials; certified inspectors and plans examiners; licensed architects and landscape architects; 
certified planners; energy sales and audit specialists; installation technicians; program managers; policy advisors and 
information technology specialists. We believe that we attract and retain highly skilled personnel with significant 
industry experience and strong client relationships by offering them challenging assignments in a dynamic work 
environment that recognizes, supports, and encourages diverse backgrounds and inter-cultural cooperation combined 
with compensation and employee benefit programs that are competitive with those offered by our competitors. See 
Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the risks related to the 
loss of key personnel or our inability to attract and retain qualified personnel. 
The following table sets forth the number of our employees in each of our business segments and our holding 
company: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 865   
 814   
 781 
Engineering and Consulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 801   
 714   
 623 
Holding Company Employees (Willdan Group, Inc.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 95   
 88   
 87 
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 1,761   
 1,616   
 1,491 
 
 

14 
Environmental Stewardship 
As a leading energy solutions provider and sustainability consultant, climate change mitigation is at the core of 
our identity. We deliver comprehensive sustainable solutions to our clients to reduce their carbon intensity and facilitate 
their transition to a net-zero carbon future. We provide planning and policy analysis for governments, regulators, and 
utilities, as well as innovative financing programs that bring the benefit of clean energy to underserved neighborhoods 
and disadvantaged customers. 
We help clients reduce carbon intensity to become cleaner, more sustainable organizations through 
measurement and goal setting, sustainable engineering designs, installation of more efficient lighting, heating and 
cooling measures and the development and implementation of master plans for environmental sustainability, carbon 
reduction and energy efficiency to meet specific goals.  
Governance 
At Willdan, strong and effective corporate governance is the foundation of a well-run, sustainable business. Our 
corporate governance practices set clear expectations and responsibilities for leaders, employees, and partners to create 
long-term, competitive returns for shareholders and lasting value for all stakeholders.  
We are committed to conducting business in a legal, ethical, and trustworthy manner; strictly upholding our 
regulatory obligations everywhere we operate; and complying with both the letter and spirit of our business policies and 
values. We are committed to accountability for our actions and goals. 
With our commitment to corporate governance principles, we have adopted, among other measures, a Code of 
Ethical Conduct, as well charters for each of the four standing committees of our Board of Directors (“Board”). These 
governance measures promote effective functioning of our Board and its committees, protecting our interests as a whole. 
The measures articulate shared expectations for how the Board, its committees, and our management should perform 
their respective functions.  
Annually, the Board works with our senior management team on a detailed, multi-year strategic plan, reviewing 
goal progress each quarter. The Board also oversees efforts by Willdan’s senior management team in managing 
mitigation of environmental and social risks.  
We are managed under the direction of the Board, which is currently composed of seven directors. As of the 
start of fiscal year 2024, the role of Chairman of the Board is separate from the role of CEO. The Board has determined 
that our directors, except for Mr. Bieber, our President and CEO, and Dr. Brisbin, our former CEO, are independent 
under the rules of the listing standards for the Nasdaq Global Market and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended. As the director most familiar with our business and industry, we believe that our former CEO is best suited to 
serve as Chairman of our Board. Our Chairman and our CEO work in collaboration with our Lead Independent Director, 
who is appointed biannually by the Board. Our Board is comprised of a diverse group of academics, financial advisors 
and industry practitioners with extensive experience in the governance and direction of publicly-traded enterprises. At 
any time, shareholders and other interested parties may communicate by writing to the Board generally, with the non-
employee directors as a group, or to a specific director.  

15 
Intellectual Property 
We believe we have strong name recognition and that this provides us with a competitive advantage in 
obtaining new business. Consequently, we believe it is important to protect our brand identity through trademark 
registrations. The Willdan, Willdan Group, Inc., Willdan Engineering, Willdan Energy Company, Willdan Financial 
Services, and Willdan Energy Solutions names are service marks of ours, and we have obtained service marks for “E3”, 
“Willdan” and our stylized “W” logo. We have also obtained federal service mark registration with the United States 
Patent and Trademark Office for the “Willdan” name and “Willdan Group, Inc.” name. The name and logo of our 
proprietary software, MuniMagic+SM, our California energy efficiency CEDA, as well as our proprietary platform as a 
service VIEWPOINT are also registered marks, and we have registered a federal copyright for the source code for the 
MuniMagic+SM software. In connection with our acquisitions, we have obtained the trademark for our “LoadSEER” 
software, have obtained the patent for “Optimization of Microgrid Energy Use and Distribution”, have obtained the 
service marks for the Enerpath, Enerworks and Lime/Green Dial Design, and have obtained the registered copyright of 
Lime, Lime Energy, and Main Street Efficiency, NEO, Net Energy Optimizer, Collaboration Analysis Research, and 
several Weidt Group designs.  
Available Information 
 
We maintain an Internet website at http://www.willdan.com. Through our website, in the “Investors” section 
under the heading “SEC Filings”, we make available, free of charge, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports 
on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably 
practicable after we electronically file or furnish such materials to the SEC. We also make available on this website our 
prior earnings calls under the heading “Events and Presentations” and our Code of Ethical Conduct under the heading 
“Corporate Governance.” The information on our website is not a part of or incorporated by reference into this filing. 
The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy, and information statements and other information 
regarding our filings at http://www.sec.gov. 
 
 
 

16 
ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS  
Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry 
We operate in a changing environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that 
could materially adversely affect our operations. Set forth below and elsewhere in this report and in other documents we 
file with the SEC are descriptions of risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from 
the results and expectations contained in this report. Additional risks we do not yet know of or that we currently think 
are immaterial may also affect our business operations. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following 
risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. 
Risks Related to Operations 
If we fail to complete a project in a timely manner, miss a required performance standard, or otherwise fail to 
adequately perform on a project, then we may incur a loss on that project, which may reduce or eliminate our overall 
profitability.  
 
Our engagements often involve large-scale, complex projects. The quality of our performance on such projects 
depends in large part upon our ability to manage the relationship with our clients and our ability to effectively manage 
the project and deploy appropriate resources, including third-party contractors and our own personnel, in a timely 
manner. We may commit to a client that we will complete a project by a scheduled date or that, when completed, a 
project will achieve specified performance standards (e.g., some of our contracts stipulate certain energy savings 
requirements). If the project is not completed by the scheduled date or fails to meet required performance standards, we 
may either incur significant additional costs or be held responsible for the costs incurred by the client to rectify damages 
due to late completion or failure to achieve the required performance standards. The uncertainty of the timing of a 
project can present difficulties in planning the amount of personnel needed for the project. If the project is delayed or 
canceled, we may bear the cost of an underutilized workforce that was dedicated to fulfilling the project. In addition, 
performance of projects can be affected by a number of factors beyond our control, including, among other things, 
unavoidable delays from government inaction, public opposition, inability to obtain financing, weather conditions, 
unavailability of vendor materials (including but not limited to import restrictions or pandemics or other public health 
emergencies), changes in the project scope of services requested by our clients, industrial accidents, environmental 
hazards, and labor disruptions. To the extent these events occur, the total costs of the project could exceed our estimates, 
and we could experience reduced profits or, in some cases, incur a loss on a project, which may reduce or eliminate our 
overall profitability. Further, any defects or errors, or failures to meet our clients’ expectations, could result in claims for 
damages against us. Failure to meet performance standards or complete performance on a timely basis could also 
adversely affect our reputation and client base. 
If we are unable to accurately estimate and control our contract costs, then we may incur losses on our contracts, 
which could decrease our operating margins and reduce our profits. In particular, our fixed-price contracts could 
increase the unpredictability of our earnings. 
 
Under fixed-price contracts, we receive a fixed price irrespective of the actual costs we incur (which protects 
clients) and, consequently, we are exposed to a number of risks that are generally not included under time-and-materials 
and unit-based contracts. We realize a profit on fixed price contracts only if we can control our costs and prevent cost 
overruns on our contracts. Fixed price contracts require cost and scheduling estimates that are based on a number of 
assumptions, including those about future economic conditions, costs, and availability of labor, equipment and materials, 
and other exigencies. We could experience cost overruns if these estimates were initially inaccurate as a result of errors 
or ambiguities in the contract specifications, or become inaccurate as a result of a change in circumstances following the 
submission of the estimate due to, among other things, unanticipated technical or equipment problems, difficulties in 
obtaining permits or approvals, changes in local laws or labor conditions, weather delays, changes in costs of raw 
materials as a result of elevated inflation, supply chain shortages or otherwise, or the inability of our vendors or 
subcontractors to perform their obligations. If cost overruns occur, we could experience reduced profits or, in some 
cases, a loss for that project. If a project is significant, or if there are one or more common issues that impact multiple 
projects, costs overruns could increase the unpredictability of our earnings, as well as have a material adverse impact on 
our business, results of operations and financial condition. 

17 
Under our time-and-material contracts, we are generally paid for our efforts at negotiated hourly billing rates 
for our staff, plus reimbursement for subcontractors and other direct costs. Profitability on these contracts is driven by 
control over the number of hours required to execute the tasks, the mix of staff utilized and the percentage of staff time 
expended on directly billable activities. Many of our time-and-materials contracts are subject to maximum contract 
values. In the event that we estimate the potential to exceed those maximum contract values at the contracted rates, 
revenue relating to these contracts is recognized as if these contracts were fixed-price contracts. 
 
If we are unable to accurately estimate and manage our costs, we may incur losses on our contracts, which 
could decrease our operating margins and significantly reduce or eliminate our profits. Certain of our contracts require 
us to satisfy specific design, engineering, procurement, or construction milestones in order to receive payment for the 
work completed or equipment or supplies procured prior to achievement of the applicable milestone. As a result, under 
these types of arrangements, we may incur significant costs or perform significant amounts of services prior to receipt of 
payment. If a client determines not to proceed with the completion of the project or if the client defaults on its payment 
obligations, we may face difficulties in collecting payment of amounts due to us for the costs previously incurred or for 
the amounts previously expended to purchase equipment or supplies. 
 
Our use of the percentage-of-completion method of revenue recognition on our fixed price contracts could result 
in a reduction or reversal of previously recorded revenue and profits. 
 
We account for our fixed price contracts on the percentage-of-completion method of revenue recognition. 
Generally, our use of this method results in recognition of revenue and profit ratably over the life of the contract, based 
on the proportion of costs incurred to date to total costs expected to be incurred for the entire project. The effects of 
revisions to revenue and estimated costs, including the achievement of award fees and the impact of change orders and 
claims, are recorded when the amounts are known and can be reasonably estimated. Such revisions could occur in any 
period and their effects could be material. While we have historically made reasonably reliable estimates of the progress 
towards completion of long-term contracts, the uncertainties inherent in the estimating process make it possible for 
actual costs to vary materially from initial estimates, which could result in reductions or reversals of previously recorded 
revenue and profit. 
 
Our revenues are primarily derived from the energy services industry and, therefore, we are highly susceptible to 
risks relating to such industry. 
 
A loss of customers, inability to procure or maintain contracts, a downturn in demand, or a change in the energy 
regulatory environment in the energy services industry could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. If we are unable to maintain and expand our current utility relationships and develop 
new relationships, maintain and enhance our existing energy services, execute our business and marketing strategies 
successfully and achieve the energy savings that are specified in our contracts, we may not be able to supplement the 
loss of revenue from our other services and it may result in lower revenues and have an adverse impact on our business, 
results of operations and financial condition. 
The demand and terms for energy efficiency services and utility programs in general are highly regulated and 
driven by various state regulatory commissions. Changes in those regulations or the standards and goals imposed by 
the regulatory commissions could adversely affect the demand for or the terms under which those utility programs 
may be conducted and adversely affect the company’s profitability. 
 
Most states have an independent energy regulatory commission or body to oversee the operations of the utilities 
providing electricity and gas to consumers. Those regulatory commissions often set the goals, standards, prices and other 
specific terms under which the utilities are required to operate. Those regulatory mandates, including mandates for 
greenhouse gas reductions, the composition of energy generation sources, the amount of energy consumption reductions, 
the cost effectiveness of those reductions and the various terms under which those mandates are to be delivered set firm 
boundaries within which the utilities may contract with third parties such as Willdan. Changes in those regulatory 
mandates, goals and terms impact existing and future contracts under which we work with the utilities and can have a 
significant impact on the company’s ability to generate revenue or the level of effort and cost required to deliver required 
savings, or both. Those changes could have the effect of making our utility contracts more or less profitable and increase 
or decrease the demand for our services. 

18 
Demand for our services is cyclical and vulnerable to economic downturns. If economic growth slows, 
government fiscal conditions worsen, public and private construction/renovation activity slows, or client spending 
declines, it may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.  
Demand for our services is cyclical, and vulnerable to economic downturns and reductions in government and 
private industry spending. Such downturns or reductions may result in clients delaying, curtailing or canceling proposed 
and existing projects. Our business traditionally lags the overall recovery in the economy; therefore, our business may 
not recover immediately when the economy improves. If economic growth slows, including as a result of elevated 
inflation and interest rates, government fiscal conditions worsen, or client spending declines, it may have a material 
adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our government clients may face budget 
deficits that prohibit them from funding new or existing projects. In addition, our existing and potential clients may 
either postpone entering into new contracts or request price concessions. Difficult financing and economic conditions 
may cause some of our clients to demand better pricing terms or delay payments for services we perform, thereby 
increasing the average number of days our receivables are outstanding, and the potential of increased credit losses of 
uncollectible invoices. Further, these conditions may result in the inability of some of our clients to pay us for services 
that we have already performed. If we are not able to reduce our costs quickly enough to respond to the revenue decline 
from these clients, our operating results may be adversely affected. Accordingly, these factors affect our ability to 
forecast our future revenue and earnings from business areas that may be adversely impacted by market conditions. Any 
of these factors could adversely affect the demand for our services, which could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. 
The quality of our service and our ability to perform under some of our contracts would be adversely affected if 
qualified subcontractors are unavailable for us to engage, if our subcontractors fail to satisfy their obligations to us 
or other parties, or if we are unable to maintain these relationships which, in each case, could adversely affect our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Under some of our contracts, we rely on the efforts and skills of subcontractors for the performance of some of 
the tasks. Our use of subcontractors has increased in recent years as a result of the increase in the percentage of our 
revenues derived from the direct installation of energy efficiency measures, including performance contracting and 
construction management services for more complex projects. Our Energy segment generally utilizes a higher 
percentage of subcontractors than the Engineering and Consulting segment. The absence of qualified subcontractors with 
whom we have a satisfactory relationship could adversely affect the quality of our service offerings and therefore, 
adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
There is a risk that we may have disputes with our subcontractors arising from, among other things, the quality 
and timeliness of work performed by the subcontractor, client concerns about the subcontractor, or our failure to extend 
existing task orders or issue new task orders under a subcontract. In addition, if a subcontractor fails to deliver on a 
timely basis the agreed-upon supplies, fails to perform the agreed-upon services, or goes out of business, then we may be 
required to purchase the services or supplies from another source at a higher price, and our ability to fulfill our 
obligations as a prime contractor may be jeopardized. This may reduce the profit to be realized or result in a loss on a 
project for which the services or supplies are needed. 
We also rely on relationships with other contractors when we act as their subcontractor or joint venture partner. 
The absence of qualified subcontractors with which we have a satisfactory relationship could adversely affect the quality 
of our service and our ability to perform under some of our contracts. Our future revenue and growth prospects could be 
adversely affected if other contractors eliminate or reduce their subcontracts or teaming arrangement relationships with 
us, or if a government agency terminates or reduces these other contractors’ programs, does not award them new 
contracts, or refuses to pay under a contract. 
Supply chain constraints and labor shortages could negatively impact our business, financial condition and 
results of operations. 
The global economy has been experiencing supply chain constraints and labor shortages. These conditions, in 
addition to elevated inflation, have increased the costs for materials, other goods, and labor, and have caused delivery 
and project performance schedules to be extended. These conditions, combined with tightening labor markets resulting 
from elevated resignation rates among U.S. workers, could increase the cost and difficulty of recruiting and retaining 

19 
employees, or could result in project delays or cancellations which could negatively impact our operations and financial 
results. 
Our profitability could suffer if we are not able to maintain adequate utilization of our workforce. 
The cost of providing our services, including the extent to which we utilize our workforce, affects our 
profitability. The rate at which we utilize our workforce is affected by a number of factors, including our ability to 
transition employees from completed projects to new assignments and to hire and assimilate new employees, our ability 
to forecast demand for our services and thereby maintain an appropriate headcount in each of our geographies and 
workforces, our ability to manage attrition, our need to devote time and resources to training, business development, 
professional development, and other non-chargeable activities, and our ability to match the skill sets of our employees to 
the needs of the marketplace. If we over-utilize our workforce, our employees may become disengaged, which could 
impact employee attrition. If we under-utilize our workforce, our profit margin and profitability could suffer. 
The loss of key personnel or our inability to attract and retain qualified personnel could impair our ability to 
provide services to our clients and otherwise conduct our business effectively. 
As primarily a professional and technical services company, we are labor-intensive and, therefore, our ability to 
attract, retain, and expand our senior management and our professional and technical staff, including management and 
staff acquired in connection with our business acquisitions, is an important factor in determining our future success. We 
believe there are only a limited number of available qualified executives in the energy efficiency services industry, and 
we therefore have encountered, and will likely continue to encounter, intense competition for qualified employees from 
other companies in the industry. In addition, the market for qualified engineers is competitive and, from time to time, it 
may be difficult to attract and retain qualified individuals with the required expertise within the timeframe demanded by 
our clients. Further, we rely heavily upon the expertise and leadership of our senior management. If we are unable to 
retain executives and other key personnel, the roles and responsibilities of those employees will need to be filled, which 
may require that we devote time and resources to identify, hire, and integrate new employees. The loss of the services of 
any of these key personnel could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Unavailability or cancellation of third-party insurance coverage would increase our overall risk exposure as well 
as disrupt the management of our business operations. 
Our services involve significant risks of professional and other liabilities, which may substantially exceed the 
fees we derive from our services. We maintain insurance coverage from third-party insurers as part of our overall risk 
management strategy and because some of our contracts require us to maintain specific insurance coverage limits. From 
time to time, we assume liabilities as a result of indemnification provisions contained in our service contracts. We cannot 
predict the magnitude of these potential liabilities. 
We are liable to pay such liabilities from our assets if and when the aggregate settlement or judgment amount 
exceeds our insurance policy limits. Further, our insurance may not protect us against liability because our policies 
typically have various exceptions to the claims covered and also require us to assume some costs of the claim even 
though a portion of the claim may be covered. A partially or completely uninsured claim, if successful and of significant 
magnitude, could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity. 
If any of our third-party insurers fail, suddenly cancel our coverage, or otherwise are unable to provide us with 
adequate insurance coverage, then our overall risk exposure and our operational expenses would increase and the 
management of our business operations would be disrupted. In addition, if we expand into new markets, we may not be 
able to obtain insurance coverage for these new activities or, if insurance is obtained, the dollar amount of any liabilities 
incurred could exceed our insurance coverage. There can be no assurance that any of our existing insurance coverage 
will be renewable upon the expiration of the coverage period or that future coverage will be affordable at the required 
limits.  
Product liability and personal injury claims could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. 
We face exposure to product liability and personal injury claims in the event that our services cause bodily 
injury or property damage.  Since the majority of our products use electricity, it is possible that the products we use 
could result in property damage or personal injury, whether due to product malfunctions, defects, improper installation 

20 
or other causes. Further, we face exposure to personal injury claims in the event that an individual is injured because of 
our negligence or the negligence of one of our subcontractors. Moreover, we may not have adequate resources in the 
event of a successful claim against us. A successful product liability or personal injury claim against us that is not 
covered by insurance or is in excess of our available insurance limits could require us to make significant payments of 
damages which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Events outside our control, including natural and man-made disasters, could negatively impact the economies in 
which we operate or disrupt our operations, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations and 
financial condition. 
Events outside our control, such as natural and man-made disasters, as well as terrorist actions, war or armed 
hostilities between countries or non-state actors, pandemics, resurgences of pandemics, or other public health 
emergencies, could negatively impact the economies in which we operate by causing the closure of offices, interrupting 
projects, and forcing the relocation of employees. We typically remain obligated to perform our services after a terrorist 
action or natural disaster unless the contract contains a force majeure clause that relieves us of our contractual 
obligations in such an extraordinary event. If we are not able to react quickly to force majeure, our operations may be 
affected significantly, which would have a negative impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
We have only a limited ability to protect our intellectual property rights, and our failure to protect our intellectual 
property rights could adversely affect our competitive position. 
Our success depends, in part, upon our ability to protect our proprietary information and other intellectual 
property. We rely principally on trade secrets to protect much of our intellectual property where we do not believe that 
patent or copyright protection is appropriate or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. Although our 
employees are subject to confidentiality obligations, this protection may be inadequate to deter or prevent 
misappropriation of our confidential information. In addition, we may be unable to detect unauthorized use of our 
intellectual property or otherwise take appropriate steps to enforce our rights. Failure to obtain or maintain trade secret 
protection could adversely affect our competitive business position. In addition, if we are unable to prevent third parties 
from infringing or misappropriating our trademarks or other proprietary information, our competitive position could be 
adversely affected. 
Assertions by third parties of infringement, misappropriation or other violations by us of their intellectual 
property rights could result in significant costs and substantially harm our business, financial condition and 
operating results. 
We may face from time to time, allegations that we or a supplier or customer have violated the rights of third 
parties, including patent, trademark and other intellectual property rights. If, with respect to any claim against us for 
violation of third-party intellectual property rights, we are unable to prevail in the litigation or retain or obtain sufficient 
rights or develop non-infringing intellectual property or otherwise alter our business practices on a timely or cost-
efficient basis, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected. 
Any infringement, misappropriation or related claims, whether or not meritorious, are time consuming, divert 
technical and management personnel and are costly to resolve. As a result of any such dispute, we may have to develop 
non-infringing technology, pay damages, enter into royalty or licensing agreements, cease utilizing products or services 
or take other actions to resolve the claims. These actions, if required, may be costly or unavailable on terms acceptable to 
us. 
Employee, agent, or partner misconduct, or our failure to comply with anti-bribery and other laws or regulations, 
could harm our reputation, reduce our revenue and profits, and subject us to criminal and civil enforcement actions. 
Misconduct, fraud, non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations, or other improper activities by one of 
our employees, agents, or partners could have a significant negative impact on our business and reputation. Such 
misconduct could include the failure to comply with government procurement regulations, regulations regarding the 
protection of classified information, regulations prohibiting bribery and other foreign corrupt practices, regulations 
regarding the pricing of labor and other costs in government contracts, regulations on lobbying or similar activities, 
regulations pertaining to the internal controls over financial reporting, environmental laws, and any other applicable laws 
or regulations. Since our internal controls are subject to inherent limitations, including human error, it is possible that 
these controls could be intentionally circumvented or become inadequate because of changed conditions. As a result, we 

21 
cannot assure that our controls will protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees or agents. Our 
failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations, or acts of misconduct could subject us to fines and penalties, loss 
of security clearances, and suspension or debarment from contracting, any or all of which could harm our reputation, 
reduce our revenue and profits, and subject us to criminal and civil enforcement actions. 
Our failure to implement and comply with our safety program could adversely affect our operating results or 
financial condition. 
Our safety program is a fundamental element of our overall approach to risk management, and the 
implementation of the safety program is a significant issue in our dealings with our clients. We maintain an enterprise-
wide group of health and safety professionals to help ensure that the services we provide are delivered safely and in 
accordance with standard work processes. Unsafe job sites and office environments have the potential to increase 
employee turnover, increase the cost of a project to our clients, expose us to types and levels of risk that are 
fundamentally unacceptable, and raise our operating costs. The implementation of our safety processes and procedures 
are monitored by various agencies and rating bureaus and may be evaluated by certain clients in cases in which safety 
requirements have been established in our contracts. Our failure to meet these requirements or our failure to properly 
implement and comply with our safety program could result in reduced profitability or the loss of projects or clients or 
potential litigation and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
The diversity of the services we provide, and the clients we serve, may create actual, potential, and perceived 
conflicts of interest and conflicts of business that limit our growth and could lead to potential liabilities for us. 
Because we provide services to a wide array of both government and commercial clients, occasions arise where, 
due to actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest or business conflicts, we cannot perform work for which we are 
qualified. A number of our contracts contain limitations on the work we can perform for others, such as, for example, 
when we are assisting a government agency or department in developing regulations or enforcement strategies. Actual, 
potential, and perceived conflicts limit the work we can do and, consequently, can limit our growth and adversely affect 
our operating results. In addition, if we fail to address actual or potential conflicts properly, or even if we simply fail to 
recognize a perceived conflict, we may be in violation of our existing contracts, may otherwise incur liability, and may 
lose future business for not preventing the conflict from arising, and our reputation may suffer. 
Risks Related to Liquidity and Indebtedness 
Our leverage and debt service obligations due to debt incurred in connection with our acquisitions could 
adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Our financial performance could be adversely affected by our debt leverage. We may also incur significant 
additional indebtedness in the future, subject to various conditions including increased working capital requirements. An 
increase in the level of indebtedness could have important negative consequences to us, including making it more 
difficult to satisfy our obligations on outstanding debt obligations; making it more difficult to obtain additional financing 
in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes; requiring us to 
use more of our excess cash flow to pay interest and principal on our debt, which will reduce the amount of money 
available to finance our operations and other business activities; increasing our vulnerability to general economic 
downturns and adverse industry conditions; potentially limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in 
our business and in our industry in general; exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates because the debt 
outstanding under our term loan and revolving credit facility bear interest at variable rates; placing us at a competitive 
disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and potentially limiting our ability to comply with the 
financial and other restrictive covenants in our debt instruments which, among other things, require us to maintain 
specified financial ratios, and could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could have a material 
adverse effect on our business or prospects. 
Our ability to make scheduled payments on or refinance our debt obligations depends on our financial condition 
and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, 
business, legislative, regulatory and other factors beyond our control. We may be unable to maintain a level of cash 
flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the amounts due on our indebtedness. If our cash flows and 
capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and 
could be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to dispose of material assets or operations, 

22 
seek additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. We may not be able to effect any such 
alternative measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if successful, those alternative 
actions may not allow us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flows 
to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would 
materially adversely affect our financial position and results of operations. If we cannot make scheduled payments on 
our debt or comply with the other covenants under our Credit Agreement (as defined in Part II, Item 8, Note 5, “Debt 
Obligations” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), we will 
be in default and the lenders under our Credit Agreement could terminate their commitments to loan money and could 
foreclose against the assets securing their borrowings and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. 
We may not be able to obtain capital when desired on favorable terms, if at all, or without dilution to our 
stockholders, which may impact our ability to execute on our current or future business strategies. 
If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations or otherwise, we may need additional financing to 
execute on our current or future business strategies, including developing new or enhancing existing service lines, 
expanding our business geographically, enhancing our operating infrastructure, acquiring complementary businesses, or 
otherwise responding to competitive pressures. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on 
favorable terms, or at all. Furthermore, if we raise additional funds through the issuance of convertible debt or equity 
securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders could be significantly diluted, and these newly issued securities 
may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of existing stockholders. If adequate funds are not available or 
are not available on acceptable terms, if and when needed, our ability to fund our operations, meet obligations in the 
normal course of business, take advantage of strategic business opportunities, or otherwise respond to competitive 
pressures would be significantly limited. 
Restrictive covenants in our Credit Agreement may restrict our ability to pursue certain business strategies. 
Our Credit Agreement limits or restricts our and our subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur, create or 
assume additional indebtedness; incur, create or assume liens securing debt or other encumbrances on our assets; 
purchase, hold or acquire unpermitted acquisitions or investments; make loans or advances; pay dividends or make 
distributions to our stockholders; purchase or redeem our stock; repay indebtedness that is junior to indebtedness under 
our Credit Agreement; acquire the assets of, or merge or consolidate with, other companies; and sell, lease, or otherwise 
dispose of assets. 
Our Credit Agreement also requires that we maintain a maximum total net leverage ratio and a minimum fixed 
charge coverage ratio, tested on a quarterly basis, which we may not be able to achieve. The covenants may additionally 
impair our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in other favorable business activities. Failing 
to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default under the Credit Agreement, which could result in us 
being required to repay the amounts outstanding prior to maturity. These prepayment obligations could have an adverse 
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Furthermore, if we are unable to repay the amounts due and payable under the Credit Agreement, the lenders 
could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. In the event the lenders accelerate the 
repayment of our borrowings, we and our subsidiaries may not have sufficient assets to repay that indebtedness. 
Risks Related to Our Clients and Our Projects 
If we have a loss or reduction of business from a key customer or key utility programs, it could result in 
significant harm to our revenue, profitability and financial condition.  
Most of our clients are not committed to purchase any minimum amount of our services, as our agreements with 
them are based on a “purchase order” model. As a result, they may discontinue utilizing some or all of our services with 
little or no notice, or we may not generate the amount of contract revenue or achieve the level of profitability we expect 
under such arrangements. As well, certain of our contracts are with other entities that are periodically funded by the 
applicable utility. Such funding is subject to periodic renewal and is outside our control or its contract counterparty and 
may, at times, be delayed or inhibited. 

23 
The loss of key utility programs or key clients (or financial difficulties at this utility program or these clients, 
which result in nonpayment or nonperformance) could have a significant and adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. If these clients or utility programs significantly reduce their business or orders with 
us, default on their agreements with us or fail to renew or terminate their agreements with us, our business, results of 
operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. We may not be able to win new contracts 
to replace these contracts if they are terminated early or expire as planned without being renewed.   
In addition, the potential for requests from certain clients to significantly increase the services we provide them 
requires us to have sufficient resource capacity available in the regions where they are located. If we are unable to 
maintain such resource capacity, these clients or utility program may reduce or stop purchasing certain services from us. 
If such clients or utility program reduce or stop purchasing certain services from us, we may have substantial capacity 
available in regions where we do not have corresponding clients to service. 
Our failure to win new contracts and renew existing contracts with private and public sector clients could 
adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Our business depends on our ability to win new contracts and renew existing contracts with private and public 
sector clients. Contract proposals, negotiations, and software licenses are complex and frequently involve a lengthy 
bidding and selection process. If we are not able to replace the revenue from expiring contracts, either through follow-on 
contracts or new contracts, or secure new software licenses, our business, results of operations and financial condition 
may be adversely affected. A number of factors affect our ability to win new contracts and renew existing contracts, 
including, among other things, market conditions, financing arrangements, required governmental approvals, our client 
relationships and professional reputation. For example, a client may require us to provide a bond or letter of credit to 
protect the client should we fail to perform under the terms of the contract. If negative market conditions arise, or if we 
fail to secure adequate financial arrangements or the required government approval, we may not be able to pursue 
particular projects, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any factor 
that diminishes our reputation or client relationships with federal, state and local governments, as well as commercial 
clients, could make it substantially more difficult for us to compete successfully for both new engagements and qualified 
employees. To the extent our reputation and/or client relationships deteriorate, our business, results of operations and 
financial condition could be adversely affected. 
Our contracts may contain provisions that are unfavorable to us and permit our clients to, among other things, 
terminate our contracts partially or completely at any time prior to completion. 
Certain of our contracts contain provisions that allow our clients or utility programs to terminate or modify the 
contract at their convenience upon short notice. For example, our largest clients and utility programs may terminate their 
contracts with us at any time for any reason. If one of these clients or utility programs terminates their contract for 
convenience, we may only bill the client or utility program, as applicable, for work completed prior to the termination, 
plus any commitments and settlement expenses such client or utility program agrees to pay, but not for any work not yet 
performed. 
In addition, many of our government contracts and task and delivery orders are incrementally funded as 
appropriated funds become available. The reduction or elimination of such funding can result in contract options not 
being exercised and further work on existing contracts and orders being curtailed. In any such event, we would have no 
right to seek lost fees or other damages. If a client were to terminate, decline to exercise options under, or curtail further 
performance under one or more of our major contracts, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. 
Changes to tax laws and regulations, including changes to the energy efficient building deduction, could 
adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Tax laws and regulations are highly complex and subject to interpretation, and the tax laws and regulations to 
which we are subject to change over time. Our tax filings are based upon our interpretation of the tax laws in effect in 
various jurisdictions for the periods for which the filings are made. As our business grows, we are required to comply 
with increasingly complex taxation rules and practices. We are subject to tax in multiple U.S. tax jurisdictions. Tax 
reform remains a legislative priority for the U.S. government and certain legislations have already been enacted. While 
there is current uncertainty regarding what changes will eventually be enacted, such new laws may affect our operating 

24 
results and financial conditions. Changes in federal, state and local tax laws and regulations could adversely affect our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Because we primarily provide services to municipalities, public utilities and other public agencies, we are more 
susceptible to the unique risks associated with government contracts.  
We primarily work for utilities, municipalities and other public agencies. Consequently, we are exposed to 
certain risks associated with public agency and government contracting, any one of which can have a material adverse 
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. These risks include the ability of the public agency 
to terminate the contract with 30 days’ prior notice or less; changes in public agency spending and fiscal policies which 
can have an adverse effect on demand for our services; contracts that are subject to public agency budget cycles, and 
often are subject to renewal on an annual basis; the often wide variation of the types and pricing terms of contracts from 
agency to agency; the difficulty of obtaining change orders and additions to contracts; and the requirement to perform 
periodic audits as a condition of certain contract arrangements. 
Each year, client funding for some of our government contracts rely on government appropriations or 
public-supported financing. If adequate public funding is delayed or is not available, then we may not be able to 
realize all of our anticipated revenue and profits from such contracts, which could adversely affect our business, 
results of operations and financial condition. 
A substantial portion of our revenue is derived from contracts with agencies and departments of state and local 
governments. Each year, client funding for some of our government contracts may directly or indirectly rely on 
government appropriations or public-supported financing. Legislatures may appropriate funds for a given project on a 
year-by-year basis, even though the project may take more than one year to perform. In addition, public-supported 
financing such as state and local municipal bonds may be only partially raised to support existing projects. Similarly, the 
impact of the economic downturn on state and local governments may make it more difficult for them to fund projects. 
In addition to the state of the economy and competing political priorities, public funds and the timing of payment of 
these funds may be influenced by, among other things, curtailments in the use of government contracting firms, 
increases in raw material costs, delays associated with insufficient numbers of government staff to oversee contracts, 
budget constraints, the timing and amount of tax receipts, and the overall level of government expenditures. If adequate 
public funding is not available or is delayed, then our profits and revenue could decline and we will not realize all of our 
potential revenue and profit from that contract. 
We derive significant revenue and profit from contracts awarded through a competitive bidding process, which 
can impose substantial costs on us, and we will lose revenue and profit if we fail to compete effectively. 
We derive significant revenue and profit from contracts that are awarded through a competitive bidding process. 
Competitive bidding imposes substantial costs and presents a number of risks, including the substantial cost and 
managerial time and effort that we spend to prepare bids and proposals; the need to estimate accurately the resources and 
costs that will be required to service any contracts we are awarded, sometimes in advance of the final determination of 
their full scope; the expense and delay that may arise if our competitors protest or challenge awards made to us pursuant 
to competitive bidding, as discussed below; and the opportunity cost of not bidding on and winning other contracts we 
may have otherwise pursued. 
To the extent we engage in competitive bidding and are unable to win particular contracts, we not only incur 
substantial costs in the bidding process that negatively affect our operating results, but we may lose the opportunity to 
operate in the market for the services provided under those contracts for a number of years. Even if we win a particular 
contract through competitive bidding, our profit margins may be depressed or we may even suffer losses as a result of 
the costs incurred through the bidding process and the need to lower our prices to overcome competition. 
Changes in elected or appointed officials could have a material adverse effect on our ability to retain an existing 
contract with or obtain additional contracts from a public agency. 
Since the decision to retain our services is made by individuals, such as city managers, city councils and other 
elected or appointed officials, our business and financial results or condition could be adversely affected by the results of 
local and regional elections. A change in the individuals responsible for selecting consultants for and awarding contracts 
on behalf of a public agency (for example, due to an election) could adversely affect our ability to retain an existing 
contract with or obtain additional contracts from such public agency. 

25 
If our business partners fail to perform their contractual obligations on a project, we could be exposed to legal 
liability, loss of reputation and profit reduction or loss on the project. 
We routinely enter into subcontracts and, occasionally, joint ventures, teaming arrangements, and other 
contractual arrangements so that we can jointly bid and perform on a particular project. Success under these 
arrangements depends in large part on whether our business partners fulfill their contractual obligations satisfactorily. In 
addition, when we operate through a joint venture in which we are a minority holder, we have limited control over many 
project decisions, including decisions related to the joint venture’s internal controls, which may not be subject to the 
same internal control procedures that we employ. If these unaffiliated third parties do not fulfill their contract 
obligations, the partnerships or joint ventures may be unable to adequately perform and deliver their contracted 
services. Under these circumstances, we may be obligated to pay financial penalties, provide additional services to 
ensure the adequate performance and delivery of the contracted services, and may be jointly and severally liable for the 
other’s actions or contract performance. These additional obligations could result in reduced profits and revenues or, in 
some cases, significant losses for us with respect to the joint venture, which could also affect our reputation in the 
industries we serve. 
If our reports and opinions are not in compliance with professional standards and other regulations or without 
the appropriate disclaimers or in a misleading or incomplete manner, we could be subject to monetary damages and 
penalties. 
We issue reports and opinions to clients based on our professional engineering expertise, as well as our other 
professional credentials. Our reports and opinions may need to comply with professional standards, licensing 
requirements, securities regulations, and other laws and rules governing the performance of professional services in the 
jurisdiction in which the services are performed. In addition, the reports and other work product we produce for clients 
sometimes include projections, forecasts and other forward-looking statements. Such information by its nature is subject 
to numerous risks and uncertainties, any of which could cause the information produced by us to ultimately prove 
inaccurate. Once we produce written reports for our clients, we do not always have the ability to control the manner in 
which our clients use such information, even if we include appropriate disclaimers in such written work product. As a 
result, if our clients reproduce such information to solicit funds from investors for projects without appropriate 
disclaimers or the information proves to be incorrect, or if our clients reproduce such information for potential investors 
in a misleading or incomplete manner, our clients or such investors may threaten to or file suit against us for, among 
other things, securities law violations. 
We may be required to pay liquidated damages if we fail to meet milestone requirements in our contracts. 
We may be required to pay liquidated damages if we fail to meet milestone requirements in our 
contracts. Failure to meet any of the milestone requirements could result in additional costs, and the amount of such 
additional costs could exceed the projected profits on the project. These additional costs include liquidated damages paid 
under contractual penalty provisions, which can be substantial and can accrue on a regular basis. 
Risks Related to Growth and Acquisitions 
Acquisitions could disrupt our operations and adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial 
condition as a result of our failure to conduct due diligence effectively, or our inability to successfully integrate the 
acquiree. This could impede us from realizing all of the benefits of the acquisitions, which could weaken our results 
of operations. 
A key part of our growth strategy is to acquire other companies that complement our lines of business, broaden 
our technical capabilities and/or expand our geographic presence. We expect to continue to acquire companies as an 
element of our growth strategy; however, our ability to make acquisitions may be restricted by our inability to incur 
additional indebtedness and/or make unpermitted acquisitions or investments under our Credit Agreement. Our 
acquisition strategy may divert management’s attention away from our existing businesses, resulting in the loss of key 
clients or key employees, and expose us to unanticipated problems or legal liabilities, including responsibility as a 
successor-in-interest for undisclosed or contingent liabilities of acquired businesses or assets.  
Acquisitions involve certain known and unknown risks that could cause our actual growth or operating results 
to differ from our expectations or the expectations of securities analysts. If we fail to conduct due diligence on our 
potential targets effectively, we may, for example, not identify problems at target companies, or fail to recognize 

26 
incompatibilities or other obstacles to successful integration. Our inability to successfully integrate future acquisitions 
within the intended timeframes or at all could impede us from realizing all of the benefits of those acquisitions and could 
severely weaken our business operations. The integration process may disrupt our business and, if implemented 
ineffectively, may preclude realization of the full benefits expected by us and could harm our results of operations. In 
addition, the overall integration of the combining companies may result in unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities 
and competitive responses and may cause our stock price to decline.  
Even if the operations of an acquisition are integrated successfully, we may not realize the full benefits of the 
acquisition, including the synergies, cost savings or growth opportunities that we expect. These benefits may not be 
achieved within the anticipated time frame, or at all.  
Further, acquisitions may cause us to issue common stock that would dilute our current stockholders’ 
ownership percentage; use a substantial portion of our cash resources; increase our interest expense, leverage and debt 
service requirements (if we incur additional debt to pay for an acquisition); and assume liabilities, including 
environmental liabilities, for which we do not have indemnification from the former owners. 
If we are not able to successfully manage our growth strategy, our business, results of operations and financial 
condition may be adversely affected. 
Our expected future growth presents numerous managerial, administrative, operational, and other challenges. 
Our ability to manage the growth of our operations will require us to continue to improve our management information 
systems and our other internal systems and controls. In addition, our growth will increase our need to attract, develop, 
motivate, and retain both our management and professional employees. The inability to effectively manage our growth 
or the inability of our employees to achieve anticipated performance could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Moreover, our continued expansion into new states will increase our legal and regulatory risk. Our failure, or 
alleged failure, to comply with applicable laws and regulations in any new jurisdiction in which we operate, and ensuing 
inquiries or investigations by regulatory and enforcement authorities, may result in regulatory action, including 
suspension or revocation of one or more of our licenses, civil or criminal penalties or other disciplinary actions and 
restrictions on or suspension of some or all of our business operations. As a result, our business could suffer, our 
reputation could be harmed, one or more of our contracts with governmental or non-governmental entities could be 
terminated and we could be subject to additional legal risk. This could, in turn, increase the size and number of claims 
and damages asserted against us, subject us to additional regulatory investigations, enforcement actions or other 
proceedings or lead to increased regulatory or supervisory concerns. We cannot predict the timing or form of any current 
or future regulatory or law enforcement initiatives, and any such initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Our acquired businesses may underperform relative to our expectations. 
We may not be able to maintain the levels of growth, revenue, earnings or operating efficiency that we and our 
acquired businesses have historically achieved or might achieve separately. The business and financial performance of 
an acquired business is subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including the risk of the loss of, or changes to, the 
acquired business’s client relationships; the dependence of its business on a limited number of customers to generate 
substantially all of its revenue; the acquired business’s reliance on subcontractors to meet its contractual obligations and 
the failure by such subcontractors to effectively perform their services in a timely manner; negative publicity or 
reputation from any prior investigations and settlements involving the acquired business; and reliance on the key 
personnel of the acquired business. 
If our goodwill or other intangible assets become impaired, then our profits may be significantly reduced. 
Because we have completed a number of acquisitions, goodwill and other intangible assets represent a 
substantial portion of our assets. Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States, we are required 
to perform a goodwill impairment test for potential impairment at least on an annual basis. We also assess the 
recoverability of the unamortized balance of our intangible assets when indications of impairment are present based on 
expected future profitability and undiscounted expected cash flows and their contribution to our overall operations. The 
goodwill impairment test requires us to determine the fair value of our reporting units, which are the components at or 

27 
one level below our reportable segments. In determining fair value, we make significant judgments and estimates, 
including assumptions about our strategic plans with regard to our operations. We also analyze current economic 
indicators and market valuations to help determine fair value. To the extent economic conditions that would impact the 
future operations of our reporting units change, our goodwill may be deemed to be impaired, and we would be required 
to record a non-cash charge that could result in a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and 
financial condition. We had no goodwill impairment in fiscal years 2024, 2023, or 2022. 
Risks Related to Our Regulatory Environment 
We are subject to various routine and non-routine governmental reviews, audits and investigations, and 
unfavorable government audit results could force us to adjust previously reported operating results, could affect 
future operating results, could subject us to a variety of penalties and sanctions, and could result in harm to our 
reputation. 
 
Government departments and agencies and their representatives may audit and review our contract 
performance, pricing practices, cost structure, financial capability and compliance with applicable laws, rules and 
regulations. Audits could raise issues that have significant adverse effects, including, among other things, substantial 
adjustments to our previously reported operating results and substantial effects on future operating results. Historically, 
we have not experienced significant disallowed costs as a result of government audits. However, we can provide no 
assurance that government audits will not result in material disallowances for incurred costs in the future. In addition, we 
must also comply with other government regulations related to employment practices, environmental protection, health 
and safety, tax, accounting, and anti-fraud measures, as well as many other regulations in order to maintain our 
government contractor status. For example, as a government contractor, we maintain plans to ensure compliance with 
nondiscrimination and regulatory requirements for qualified employees on the basis of gender, race, disability, and 
veteran status. Consequently, we may be subject to executive orders and regulatory changes affecting various aspects of 
our operations, including compliance with nondiscrimination plans. Any required elimination or modification of such 
plans in response to new executive orders could pose challenges in hiring or retaining employees, and may lead to other 
adverse operational impacts. 
Laws and regulations applicable to us as a government contractor affect how we do business with our clients 
and, in some instances, impose additional costs on our business operations. Although we take precautions to prevent and 
deter fraud, misconduct, and non-compliance, we face the risk that our employees or outside partners may engage in 
misconduct, fraud, or other improper activities. If a government audit, review or investigation uncovers improper or 
illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of 
contracts, repayment of amounts already received under contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines 
and suspension or debarment from doing business with federal and state and local government agencies and departments, 
any of which could adversely affect our reputation, our business, results of operations and financial condition, and/or the 
value of our stock. We may also lose business if we are found not to be sufficiently able to meet ongoing cash flow and 
financial obligations on a timely basis. In addition, we could suffer serious harm to our reputation and our stock price 
could decline if allegations of impropriety are made against us, whether true or not. 
Legislation, policy, rules or regulations may be enacted that limit or change the ability of state, regional or local 
agencies to contract for our privatized services. Such changes would affect our ability to obtain new contracts and 
may decrease the demand for our services.  
Legislation is proposed periodically, particularly in the states of California and New York, that attempts to limit 
the ability of governmental agencies to contract with private consultants to provide services. Should such changes occur 
and be upheld, demand for our services may be materially adversely affected. While attempts at such legislation have 
failed in the past, such measures could be adopted in the future. 
Changes in energy, environmental, or infrastructure industry laws, regulations, and programs could directly or 
indirectly reduce the demand for our services, which could in turn negatively impact our revenue.  
Some of our services are directly or indirectly impacted by changes in U.S. federal, state, or local laws and 
regulations pertaining to the energy, environmental, and infrastructure industries. Accordingly, a relaxation or repeal of 
these laws and regulations, or changes in governmental policies regarding the funding, implementation or enforcement 

28 
of these programs, could result in a decline in demand for our services, which could in turn negatively impact our 
revenue.  
Corporate responsibility, specifically related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters, may 
impose additional costs and expose us to new risks.  
Companies across various industries are facing increasing scrutiny related to their environmental, social and 
governance (ESG) practices and reporting, both in the United States and internationally. Certain organizations that 
provide corporate governance and other corporate risk information to investors and shareholders have developed, and 
others may in the future develop, scores and ratings to evaluate companies and investment funds based upon ESG or 
“sustainability” metrics. Many investment funds focus on positive ESG business practices and sustainability scores when 
making investments and may consider a company’s ESG or sustainability scores as a reputational or other factor in 
making an investment decision. We may face reputational damage in the event our corporate responsibility initiatives, 
objectives, reporting, or disclosure controls, including with respect matters such as to board diversity and climate 
change, do not meet the expectations of our investors, shareholders, lawmakers, listing exchange or other constituencies, 
In addition, we may communicate ESG goals or initiatives from time to time, which can be costly to achieve and 
difficult to implement. There is no assurance that we will achieve any of these goals, that our initiatives will achieve 
their intended outcome, and our ability to implement these ESG-related initiatives or achieve ESG-related goals may be 
dependent on external factors outside our control. Further, we may experience backlash from customers, government 
entities, advocacy groups, employees, or other stakeholders who disagree with our actual or perceived positions, or with 
our lack of position on social, environmental, governance, political, public policy, economic, geopolitical, or other 
sensitive issues. Any perceived lack of transparency about these matters could harm our brand and reputation, our 
employees’ engagement and retention, and the willingness of our customers and partners to do business with us. 
General Risk Factors 
Our bylaws, our certificate of incorporation and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage another 
company from acquiring us and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current 
management.  
Provisions of our bylaws, our certificate of incorporation and Delaware law may discourage, delay or prevent a 
merger or acquisition that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which our stockholders might 
otherwise receive a premium for their shares. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our 
stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace or 
remove our board of directors. These provisions include eliminating the ability of stockholders to call special meetings 
of stockholders; requiring at least a supermajority vote of the outstanding shares of our common stock for stockholders 
to amend our bylaws or certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation; not providing for cumulative voting in the 
election of directors, prohibiting stockholder action by written consent; establishing advance notice procedure for 
stockholders to make nominations of candidates for election as directors, or bring other business before an annual or 
special meeting of the stockholders; and authorizing the Board of Directors to issue “blank check” preferred stock or 
authorized but unissued shares of common stock without stockholder approval.  
In addition, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, subject to 
some exceptions, Section 203 prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any 
“interested stockholder” (which is generally defined as an entity or person who, together with the person’s affiliates and 
associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did 
own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation), for a three-year period following the date that the 
stockholder became an interested stockholder. Section 203 could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a 
change in control that our stockholders might consider to be in their best interests.  
Together, these charter and statutory provisions could make the removal of management more difficult and may 
discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our 
common stock. The existence of the foregoing provisions and anti-takeover measures could limit the price that investors 
might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. They could also deter potential acquirers of our 
company, thereby potentially reducing the likelihood that our stockholders could receive a premium for their common 
stock in an acquisition. 

29 
Cyber security breaches or other systems and information technology interruptions could result in liability, harm 
our reputation, impact our ability to operate, and other material adverse consequences. 
We rely on computer, information, and communications technology and systems to operate. We store and 
process large amounts of confidential and other sensitive information concerning our employees, customers, contractors, 
and vendors. We also rely in part on third-party software and information technology vendors to run certain parts of our 
information technology systems and our business, and our ability to monitor these third parties’ information security 
practices is limited. These third parties may not have adequate information security measures in place. If the third parties 
with whom we work with experience a cyber security breach or other interruption, we could experience material adverse 
consequences.  
In the ordinary course of business, we have been and may be in the future be targeted by malicious cyber-
attacks. Cybersecurity attacks in particular are evolving, and we and the third parties with whom we work face the 
constant risk of cybersecurity threats, including, among other things, computer viruses, malicious code, attacks by 
computer hackers, organized cyber-attacks, ransomware attacks, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to 
disruptions in critical systems, unauthorized, unlawful, or accidental acquisition, modification, destruction, loss, 
encryption, access to, release or other compromise of confidential or sensitive information. In particular, severe 
ransomware attacks are becoming increasingly prevalent and can lead to material adverse consequences. 
While we have implemented security measures designed to protect against cyber security breaches, there can be 
no assurance that these measures will be effective. We take steps designed to detect, mitigate, and remediate 
vulnerabilities in our information systems (such as our hardware and/or software, including that of third parties with 
whom we work). We may not, however, detect and remediate all such vulnerabilities including on a timely basis. 
Further, we may experience delays in developing and deploying remedial measures and patches designed to address 
identified vulnerabilities. Vulnerabilities could be exploited and result in a cyber security breach or other interruption. 
Any of the previously identified or similar threats could cause a cyber security breach or other interruption that 
could result in unauthorized, unlawful, or accidental acquisition, modification, destruction, loss, alteration, encryption, 
disclosure of, or access to our confidential or sensitive information or our information technology systems, or those of 
the third parties with whom we work. For example, we have been the target of unsuccessful phishing attempts in the 
past, and expect such attempts will continue in the future. 
If we or the third parties with whom we work experience or are perceived to experience cybersecurity attacks or 
otherwise, we could experience material adverse consequences, such as suspending or stopping our operations, 
government enforcement actions, additional reporting requirements, litigation, and other harms, which could have a 
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and could negatively impact our 
clients. Further, improper disclosure of confidential, proprietary or sensitive information of our employees, customers, 
contractors and vendors could harm our reputation and subject us to liability and other harms. 
Data privacy risks, including evolving laws, regulations, and other obligations, may result in business 
interruption and increased costs and liabilities. 
Laws, regulations and other obligations (including without limitation applicable guidance, industry standards, 
external and internal privacy and security policies and statements, and contractual requirements) relating to personal data 
and data privacy are constantly evolving, as federal, state, local and foreign governments adopt new measures addressing 
data privacy. These laws impose stringent obligations. For example, the California Consumer Privacy Act, as amended 
(“CCPA”), which applies to business representative and other types of personal data of California residents, provides for 
fines of up to $7,500 per intentional violation and allows private litigants affected by certain data breaches to recover 
significant statutory damages. Our privacy obligations, including applicable laws and regulations, may be interpreted or 
applied in a manner that is inconsistent with each other and may complicate our existing data privacy practices. Evolving 
compliance and operational requirements under the privacy laws of the jurisdictions in which we operate, regulations, 
and other obligations have become increasingly burdensome and complex. Our failure to comply (or perceived failure to 
comply) with these obligations could result in costly enforcement actions (including regulatory proceedings, 
investigations, fines, penalties, audits, and inspections), litigation (including class action claims) or mass arbitration 
demands, penalties and fines, require us to change our business practices or cause business interruptions, and may lead to 
liabilities and other harms. 
 

30 
ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 
None. 
ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY 
Risk management and strategy 
 
The Company has incorporated evaluation of cybersecurity threats into its overall risk management strategy. As 
such, Willdan has established a cybersecurity program designed to address applicable legal requirements. Through its 
internally dedicated cybersecurity team, combined with cybersecurity-specific technologies and external cybersecurity 
service professionals, the Company assesses, identifies, and manages material risks from cybersecurity threats to its 
critical computer networks, hardware and software, and data.  
 
The Company’s cybersecurity team helps identify and assess risks from cybersecurity threats by monitoring and 
evaluating the Company’s threat environment using various methods. Through the use of internal and external risk 
assessment audits of certain environments aimed at identifying potential areas of cybersecurity risk, external and internal 
monitoring alerts, and other external and internal tools (such as next generation endpoint security (EDR/XDR), SASE 
framework, next-gen firewalls, and external-party monitoring of endpoint and cloud security environments), the 
Company performs ongoing assessments of its cybersecurity risks that are designed to take into account the rapidly 
evolving cybersecurity threat landscape. Further, in conjunction with its ISO 27001 and SOC2 certifications, the 
Company undergoes annual external audits that include reviews of its cybersecurity risk assessment processes and 
policies. 
 
In an attempt to manage and mitigate material risks from cybersecurity threats, the Company’s cybersecurity 
risk management process includes certain preventive measures, detective controls, and incident response procedures, 
depending on the environment and systems. This includes implementing security controls in certain environments and 
systems, ongoing monitoring of certain environments and systems, adopting response protocols for security incidents, 
and maintaining cybersecurity insurance. The Company’s cybersecurity risk management approach is periodically 
reviewed by management and certain external service professionals to assess whether any changes are needed to reflect 
changing threats.  
 
In addition, assessment and management of material risks from cybersecurity threats are integrated into the 
Company’s risk management strategy. For example, our cybersecurity team works with management to prioritize our 
risk management processes and mitigate cybersecurity threats that are more likely to lead to a material impact to our 
business.  
 
For a description of the risks from cybersecurity threats that may materially affect the Company and how they 
may do so, see our risk factors under Part 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, Cyber security 
breaches or other systems and information technology interruptions could result in liability, harm our reputation, impact 
our ability to operate, and other material adverse consequences. 
 
The Company engages third-party cybersecurity consultants and auditors who help the cybersecurity team in 
identifying, assessing, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, including by evaluating and enhancing 
the Company’s cybersecurity posture. The Company also engages third-party service providers to perform a variety of 
functions throughout its business. The Company performs due diligence before engaging with certain third-party service 
providers designed to evaluate the service providers’ cybersecurity practices, including their security policies, incident 
response capabilities, and data protection measures; including specific cybersecurity requirements in contracts with 
certain third-party service providers, such as regarding security standards, data protection, and incident reporting as 
applicable; and monitoring and auditing certain third-party service providers’ cybersecurity practices and compliance 
with contractual obligations. Depending on the nature of the services provided, the sensitivity of the information systems 
and data at issue, and the identity of the provider, the Company’s vendor management process may involve different 

31 
levels of assessment designed to help identify cybersecurity risks associated with a provider and impose contractual 
obligations related to cybersecurity on the provider. 
 
Governance 
 
The Board addresses the Company’s cybersecurity risk management as part of its general oversight function. 
The Board is responsible for overseeing Company’s cybersecurity risk management processes, including oversight and 
mitigation of risks from cybersecurity threats. 
 
Our cybersecurity risk assessment and management processes are implemented and maintained by the certain 
members of Company management, including those who are part of the Company’s cybersecurity team. The Company’s 
cybersecurity team is comprised of individuals with expertise in cybersecurity, information technology, risk 
management, and Company operations. Our cybersecurity team has decades-long experience in cybersecurity and holds 
industry-standard certifications including Certified Information Systems Security Professional (“CISSP”), and Certified 
Cloud Security Professional (“CCSP”), among others.  
 
 Management is responsible for hiring appropriate personnel, helping to integrate cybersecurity risk 
considerations into the Company’s overall risk management strategy, and communicating key priorities to relevant 
personnel. Management is responsible for approving budgets, helping prepare for cybersecurity incidents, approving 
cybersecurity processes, and reviewing security assessments and other security-related reports. 
 
The Company’s cybersecurity incident response plan is designed to escalate certain cybersecurity incidents to 
members of management depending on the circumstances, including the Company’s President and Chief Executive 
Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and General Counsel (collectively, “Executive Management”). Executive Management 
works with the Company’s incident response team to help the Company mitigate and remediate cybersecurity incidents 
of which they are notified. In addition, the Company’s incident response plan includes reporting to the Board for certain 
cybersecurity incidents. 
 
The Company’s Board provides oversight of cybersecurity risk and regularly receives updates from the 
Company’s cybersecurity team. These updates cover topics that include cybersecurity team member updates, 
cybersecurity infrastructure updates, improvement in cyber-security tools and technologies, cybersecurity framework 
compliance, cyber-risk hardware/software enhancement updates, cybersecurity threats and mitigation measures, and 
more. The Board also has access to various reports, summaries or presentations related to cybersecurity threats, risk and 
mitigation. 
 
 
 
 

32 
ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES 
Our corporate headquarters is located at 2401 East Katella Avenue, Anaheim, California, where we lease 
approximately 18,000 square feet of office space. In addition, we lease office space in 49 other locations nationwide, 
principally in California and New York. In addition to the U.S. locations, we also have one office in Canada and one 
office in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. In total, our facilities contain approximately 240,000 square feet of office 
space and are subject to leases that expire through 2029. We rent a small portion of this total space on a month-to-month 
basis. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate to meet current requirements and that suitable additional or 
substitute space will be available as needed to accommodate any expansion of operations and for additional offices. 
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 
We are subject to claims and lawsuits from time to time, including those alleging professional errors or 
omissions that arise in the ordinary course of business against firms that operate in the engineering and consulting 
professions. We carry professional liability insurance, subject to certain deductibles and policy limits, for such claims as 
they arise and may from time to time establish reserves for litigation that is considered probable of a loss. 
In accordance with accounting standards regarding loss contingencies, we accrue an undiscounted liability for 
those contingencies where the incurrence of a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, and we 
disclose the amount accrued and an estimate of any reasonably possible loss in excess of the amount accrued, if such 
disclosure is necessary for our financial statements not to be misleading. We do not accrue liabilities when the likelihood 
that the liability has been incurred is probable but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, or when the liability is 
believed to be only reasonably possible or remote. 
Because litigation outcomes are inherently unpredictable, our evaluation of legal proceedings often involves a 
series of complex assessments by management about future events and can rely heavily on estimates and assumptions. If 
the assessments indicate that loss contingencies that could be material to any one of our financial statements are not 
probable, but are reasonably possible, or are probable, but cannot be estimated, then we disclose the nature of the loss 
contingencies, together with an estimate of the possible loss or a statement that such loss is not reasonably estimable. 
While the consequences of certain unresolved proceedings are not presently determinable, and a reasonable estimate of 
the probable and reasonably possible loss or range of loss in excess of amounts accrued for such proceedings cannot be 
made, an adverse outcome from such proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our earnings in any given 
reporting period. However, in the opinion of our management, after consulting with legal counsel, and taking into 
account insurance coverage, the ultimate liability related to current outstanding claims and lawsuits is not expected to 
have a material adverse effect on our financial statements. 
ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 
Not applicable. 
 
 

33 
PART II 
ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 
Market Information for Common Stock 
Since November 21, 2006, the common stock of Willdan Group, Inc. has been listed and traded on the Nasdaq 
Global Market under the symbol “WLDN”. 
Stockholders 
As of March 5, 2025, there were 190 stockholders of record of our common stock. This number does not 
include persons who hold our common stock in nominee or “street name” accounts through brokers or banks. 
Dividends 
We did not declare or pay cash dividends on our common stock in fiscal years 2024, 2023, or 2022. 
We currently expect to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and growth 
of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to 
pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to compliance with applicable law and any 
contractual provisions, including under the Credit Agreement and agreements governing any additional indebtedness we 
may incur in the future, that restrict or limit our ability to pay dividends, and will depend upon, among other factors, our 
results of operations, financial condition, earnings, capital requirements and other factors that our board of directors 
deems relevant. Because we are a holding company, our ability to pay dividends depends on our receipt of cash 
dividends from our operating subsidiaries, which may further restrict our ability to pay dividends as a result of the laws 
of their jurisdiction of organization, agreements of our subsidiaries or covenants under our existing or future 
indebtedness.  
Performance Graph 
The following graph compares the 5-year cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock with the 
cumulative total return of the Nasdaq Composite and a customized peer group. The companies included in our 
customized peer group represent our definitive Proxy peer group which is reviewed annually and revised as necessary. In 
the event that a peer group company is acquired and/or delisted, we remove that company from our peer group on such 
corresponding acquisition date and/or delisting date. The customized peer group consists of American Superconductor 
Corporation, Ameresco, Inc., Bowman Consulting Group Ltd., C3.ai, Inc., Exponent, Inc., ICF International, Inc., Iteris, 
Inc., Limbach Holdings, Inc., LSI Industries Inc., Montrose Environmental Group, Inc., NV5 Global, Inc., Quest 
Resource Holding Corporation, RCM Technologies, Inc., Resource Connection, Inc., and Stem, Inc. The old peer group 
consisted of American Superconductor Corporation, Atlas Technical Consultants, Inc., Bowman Consulting Group Ltd., 
C3.ai, Inc., Charah Solutions, Inc., Exponent, Inc., FTC Solar, Inc., ICF International, Inc., Limbach Holdings, Inc., 
Montrose Environmental Group, Inc., NV5 Global, Inc., Orion Energy Systems, Inc., RCM Technologies, Inc., Resource 
Connection, Inc., and Stem, Inc. 
The peer group investment is weighted by market capitalization as of December 27, 2019 and is adjusted 
monthly. An investment of $100, with reinvestment of all dividends, is assumed to have been made in our common 
stock, in the peer group, and in the Nasdaq Composite on December 27, 2019, and the relative performance of each is 
tracked through and including December 27, 2024. The stock price performance shown in the graph is not necessarily 
indicative of future stock price performance.  

34 
 
 
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities 
None. 
Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities 
During the fiscal quarter ended December 27, 2024, we made the following repurchases of shares of our 
common stock from employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations incurred in connection with the vesting of 
restricted stock:  
 
 
 
 
 
Total Number of  
Shares Purchased 
Average Price  
Paid Per Share 
Total Number of 
Shares Purchased 
as Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs 
Maximum Number  
(or Approximate Dollar 
Value) of Shares That  
May Yet be Purchased 
Under the Plans or  
Programs 
September 28, 2024 – October 25, 2024 
— 
— 
— 
— 
October 26, 2024 – November 22, 2024 
3,519 
$47.31 
— 
— 
November 23, 2024 – December 27, 2024 
— 
— 
— 
— 
TOTAL 
3,519 
$47.31 
— 
— 
 
 
 
 

35 
ITEM 6.  [RESERVED] 
 
 
 
 

36 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 
OF OPERATIONS 
Our Company 
We are a provider of professional, technical and consulting services to utilities, private industry, and public 
agencies at all levels of government. As resource and infrastructure needs undergo continuous change, we help 
organizations and their communities evolve and thrive by providing a wide range of technical services for energy 
solutions, greenhouse gas reduction, and government infrastructure. Through engineering, program management, policy 
advisory, and software and data management, we plan, design and deliver trusted, comprehensive, innovative, and 
proven solutions to improve efficiency, resiliency, and sustainability in energy and infrastructure to our clients. 
Our broad portfolio of services operates within two financial reporting segments: (1) Energy and 
(2) Engineering and Consulting. The interfaces and synergies between these segments are important elements of our 
strategy to design and deliver trusted, comprehensive, innovative, and proven solutions and services for our customers. 
Our Energy segment provides specialized, innovative, comprehensive energy solutions to businesses, utilities, 
state agencies, municipalities, and non-profit organizations in the U.S. Our experienced engineers, consultants, and staff 
help our clients realize cost and energy savings by tailoring efficient and cost-effective solutions to assist in optimizing 
energy spend. Our energy efficiency services include comprehensive audit and surveys, program design, master 
planning, demand reduction, grid optimization, benchmarking analyses, design engineering, construction management, 
performance contracting, installation, alternative financing, measurement and verification services, and advances in 
software and data analytics for long-term planning. 
Our Engineering and Consulting segment provides civil engineering-related construction management, building 
and safety, city engineering office management, city planning, civil design, geotechnical, material testing and other 
engineering consulting services to our clients. Our engineering services include traffic, bridges, rail, port, water, mining 
and other civil engineering projects. We also provide economic and financial consulting to public agencies. Lastly, we 
supplement the engineering services that we offer our clients by offering expertise and support for the various financing 
techniques public agencies utilize to finance their operations and infrastructure. We also support the mandated reporting 
and other requirements associated with these financings. We provide financial advisory services for municipal securities 
but do not provide underwriting services. 
 

37 
Results of Operations 
Summary Comparison of 2024, 2023, and 2022 
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain information derived from our consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income(1):  
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
 
   
2024 
   
2023 
   
2022 
 
 
 
(in thousands, except percentages) 
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 565,798    100.0 %  $ 510,095    
100.0 %   $ 429,138    100.0 %
Direct costs of contract revenue: 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    93,543  
16.5  
  89,915  
17.6  
  82,972  
19.3  
Subcontractor services and other direct costs . . . .    269,473  
47.6  
  240,413  
47.1  
  202,587  
47.2  
Total direct costs of contract revenue . . . . . . . . .    363,016  
64.2  
  330,328  
64.8  
  285,559  
66.5  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    202,782  
35.8  
  179,767  
35.2  
  143,579  
33.5  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses: 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and wages, payroll taxes and  
employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     105,373  
18.6  
  95,556  
18.7  
  81,801  
19.1  
Facilities and facilities related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 9,718  
1.7  
 
 9,565  
1.9  
 
 9,287  
2.2  
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 7,388  
1.3  
 
 5,323  
1.0  
 
 8,373  
2.0  
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    14,745  
2.6  
  16,431  
3.2  
  17,489  
4.1  
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    34,205  
6.0  
  30,818  
6.0  
  33,692  
7.9  
Total general and administrative expenses . . . . .    171,429  
30.3  
  157,693  
30.9  
  150,642  
35.1  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    31,353  
5.5  
  22,074  
4.3  
 
 (7,063) 
(1.6) 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income (expense): 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (7,801) 
(1.4) 
 
 (9,413) 
(1.8) 
 
 (5,328) 
(1.2) 
Other, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 3,127  
0.6  
 
 1,930  
0.4  
 
 939  
0.2  
Total other income (expense) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (4,674) 
(0.8) 
 
 (7,483) 
(1.5) 
 
 (4,389) 
(1.0) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (Loss) before income tax expense . . . . . . .    26,679  
4.7  
  14,591  
2.9  
  (11,452) 
(2.7) 
Income tax expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 4,109  
0.7  
 
 3,665  
0.7  
 
 (3,004) 
(0.7) 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $  22,570  
4.0  
$  10,926  
2.1  
$  (8,448) 
(2.0) 
 
(1) 
Percentages are expressed as a percentage of contract revenue and may not total due to rounding. 
 

38 
The following tables provides information about disaggregated revenue of our two segments, Energy and 
Engineering and Consulting by contract type, client type, and geographical region: 
 
 
     
2024 
 
     
Energy 
    
Engineering and 
Consulting 
     
Total 
 
     
(in thousands) 
Contract Type 
 
  
   
   
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
34,381  $ 
67,931  $ 
102,312 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
205,117   
19,676   
224,793 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
233,811   
4,882   
238,693 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
473,309  $ 
92,489  $ 
565,798 
 
 
  
   
   
Client Type 
 
  
   
   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
34,072  $ 
7,548  $ 
41,620 
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
182,079   
84,695   
266,774 
Utilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
257,158   
246   
257,404 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
473,309  $ 
92,489  $ 
565,798 
 
 
  
   
   
Geography (3) 
 
  
   
   
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 473,309  $ 
 92,489  $ 
 565,798 
 
 
     
2023 
 
     
Energy 
    
Engineering and 
Consulting 
     
Total 
 
     
(in thousands) 
Contract Type 
 
  
   
   
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
35,582  $ 
63,530  $ 
99,112 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
199,040   
15,753   
214,793 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
192,354   
3,836   
196,190 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
426,976  $ 
83,119  $ 
510,095 
 
 
  
   
   
Client Type 
 
  
   
   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
31,162  $ 
5,866  $ 
37,028 
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
159,935   
76,972   
236,907 
Utilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
235,879   
281   
236,160 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
426,976  $ 
83,119  $ 
510,095 
 
 
  
   
   
Geography (3) 
 
  
   
   
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 426,976  $ 
 83,119  $ 
 510,095 
 
 
     
2022 
 
     
Energy 
    
Engineering and 
Consulting 
     
Total 
 
     
(in thousands) 
Contract Type 
 
  
   
   
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
32,491  $ 
53,584  $ 
86,075 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
180,509   
14,296   
194,805 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
144,460   
3,798   
148,258 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
357,460  $ 
71,678  $ 
429,138 
 
 
  
   
   
Client Type 
 
  
   
   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
29,782  $ 
5,566  $ 
35,348 
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
126,494   
65,969   
192,463 
Utilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
201,184   
143   
201,327 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
357,460  $ 
71,678  $ 
429,138 
 
 
  
   
   
Geography (3) 
 
  
   
   
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 357,460  $ 
 71,678  $ 
 429,138 
 
(1) 
Amounts may not add to the totals due to rounding. 
(2) 
Includes the portion of revenue related to small business programs paid by the end user/customer. 
(3) 
Revenue from our foreign operations were not material for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022. 
 

39 
Fiscal Year 2024 Compared to Fiscal Year 2023 
Contract revenue. Consolidated contract revenue increased $55.7 million, or 10.9%, in fiscal year 2024 
compared to fiscal year 2023, due to incremental revenues in both our Energy segment and in our Engineering and 
Consulting segment. 
Contract revenue in our Energy segment increased $46.3 million, or 10.9%, in fiscal year 2024 compared to 
fiscal year 2023, primarily as a result of higher construction management revenues for government clients and increased 
demand for energy efficiency and electrification services under utility programs. Contract revenue in our Engineering 
and Consulting segment increased $9.4 million, or 11.3%, in fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023, primarily 
due to increased demand for services provided to our clients. 
Direct costs of contract revenue. Direct costs of consolidated contract revenue increased $32.7 million, or 
9.9%, in fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023, primarily as a result of the increase, and change of mix, in 
contract revenues as described above. As a percentage of contract revenue, direct salaries and wages decreased to 16.5% 
in fiscal year 2024, from 17.6% in fiscal year 2023, while subcontractor services and other direct costs increased to 
47.6% in fiscal year 2024, from 47.1% in fiscal year 2023. 
Direct costs of contract revenue in our Energy segment increased $30.2 million, or 10.4%, in fiscal year 2024 
compared to fiscal year 2023. Direct costs of contract revenue in our Engineering and Consulting segment increased 
$2.5 million, or 6.4%, in fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023. 
Subcontractor services and other direct costs increased $29.1 million, or 12.1%, in fiscal year 2024 compared to 
fiscal year 2023, primarily due to the increase in construction management revenues, which utilize a higher percentage 
of material cost and installation subcontracting. Salaries and wages increased by $3.6 million, or 4.0%, in fiscal year 
2024 compared to fiscal year 2023, primarily as a result of the increases in contract revenue as described above.  
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased 12.8% to $202.8 million, or a 35.8% gross margin, for fiscal year 2024 
compared to $179.8 million, or a 35.2% gross margin for fiscal year 2023. The increase in gross margin was primarily 
driven by changes in the mix of revenues as described above. 
 
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses increased by 
$13.7 million, or 8.7%, in fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023. G&A expenses consisted of an increase of 
$7.4 million in the Energy segment combined with an increase of $4.2 million in the Engineering and Consulting 
segment, and an increase of $2.1 million in unallocated corporate expenses.  
Within G&A expenses, the increase of $9.8 million in salaries and wages, payroll taxes and employee benefits, 
combined with the increase of $3.4 million in other general and administrative expenses, and the increase of $2.1 million 
in stock-based compensation was partially offset by a decrease of $1.7 million in depreciation and amortization. The 
increase in salaries and wages, payroll taxes and employee benefits was primarily due to an increase in incentive 
compensation, consistent with the improvement in operating profit, and higher fringe benefit costs, combined with 
increases in employee headcount. The increase in other general and administrative expenses was primarily due to 
increased professional service fees and computer-related expenses. The increase in stock-based compensation expenses 
was primarily related to new stock grants to current employees and executives at a higher stock price. The decrease in 
depreciation and amortization was primarily related to lower amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions prior to 
fiscal year 2024. 
Income (loss) from operations. Operating income increased 42.0% to $31.4 million for fiscal year 2024, 
compared to an operating income of $22.1 million for fiscal year 2023, as a result of the factors noted above.  
Total other expense, net. Total other expense, net, decreased $2.8 million, or 37.5%, in fiscal year 2024 
compared to fiscal year 2023. The decrease in total other expense, net is primarily due to lower interest expense resulting 
from the reduced interest rate spread derived from lower debt leverage levels under our Credit Facilities, combined with 
increased income from interest as a result of our higher cash balances. 

40 
Income tax expense (benefit). We recorded an income tax expense of $4.1 million for fiscal year 2024, 
compared to a tax expense of $3.7 million for fiscal year 2023. The tax expense is primarily attributable to the income 
before income tax combined with increases in discrete items related to stock compensation and additional energy 
efficiency building deductions. Compared to prior year, the lower effective tax rate in fiscal year 2024 resulted from 
increased deductions for energy efficiency building deductions. 
Net income (loss). Our net income was $22.6 million for fiscal year 2024, as compared to a net income of 
$10.9 million for fiscal year 2023. The increase in net income was primarily attributable to the increase in income from 
operations combined with the decrease in total other expense and lower effective tax rate. 
Fiscal Year 2023 Compared to Fiscal Year 2022 
Contract revenue. Consolidated contract revenue increased $81.0 million, or 18.9%, in fiscal year 2023 
compared to fiscal year 2022, primarily due to incremental revenues in both our Energy segment and in our Engineering 
and Consulting segment. 
Contract revenue in our Energy segment increased $69.6 million, or 19.4%, in fiscal year 2023 compared to 
fiscal year 2022, primarily as a result of higher demand across the full spectrum of our energy services including 
increases in software licensing revenue. Contract revenue in our Engineering and Consulting segment increased 
$11.4 million, or 16.0%, in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022, primarily due to increased demand for 
services provided to our clients. 
Direct costs of contract revenue. Direct costs of consolidated contract revenue increased $44.8 million, or 
15.7%, in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022, primarily as a result of the increase, and change of mix, in 
contract revenues as described above. As a percentage of contract revenue, direct salaries and wages decreased to 17.6% 
in fiscal year 2023, from 19.3% in the fiscal 2022, while subcontractor services and other direct costs was relatively flat 
for the fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022. 
Direct costs of contract revenue in our Energy segment increased $39.4 million, or 15.6%, in fiscal year 2023 
compared to fiscal year 2022. Direct costs of contract revenue for the Engineering and Consulting segment increased 
$5.4 million, or 16.0%, for the fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022. 
Subcontractor services and other direct costs increased $37.8 million, or 18.7%, and salaries and wages 
increased by $7.0 million, or 8.4%, in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022, primarily as a result of the 
increases in contract revenue. 
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased 25.2% to $179.8 million, or a 35.2% gross margin, for fiscal year 2023 
compared to $143.6 million, or a 33.5% gross margin for fiscal year 2022. The increase in gross margin was primarily 
driven by higher software licensing revenue and changes in the mix of revenues as described above combined with the 
absence of project startup costs for new utility programs that were incurred during fiscal year 2022 but did not recur in 
the in fiscal year 2023. 
 
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses increased by $7.1 million, 
or 4.7%, in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022. The increase in G&A expenses consisted of an increase of 
$3.8 million in the Energy segment combined with an increase of $6.5 million in the Engineering and Consulting 
segment, partially offset by a decrease of $3.2 million in unallocated corporate expenses.  
Within G&A expenses, the increase of $13.8 million in salaries and wages, payroll taxes and employee benefits 
was partially offset by a decrease of $3.1 million in stock-based compensation, a decrease of $2.9 million in other 
general and administrative expenses, and a decrease of $1.1 million in depreciation and amortization. The increase in 
salaries and wages, payroll taxes and employee benefits was primarily due to an increase in incentive compensation, 
consistent with the improvement in operating profit, increased costs related to employee benefits, and increases in 
employee compensation as a result of additional employee headcount as well as employee compensation increases. The 
decrease in stock-based compensation expenses was primarily related to previously awarded stock grants reaching the 

41 
end of their corresponding vesting periods, partially offset by new equity awards being issued at lower stock prices. The 
decrease in other general and administrative expenses was primarily due to contingent consideration expense related to 
prior acquisitions that occurred during fiscal year 2022 that did not recur in fiscal year 2023. The decrease in 
depreciation and amortization was primarily related to lower amortization of intangible assets from prior acquisitions. 
Income (loss) from operations. Operating income was $22.1 million for fiscal year 2023, compared to an 
operating loss of $7.1 million for fiscal year 2022, as a result of the factors noted above.  
Total other expense, net. Total other expense, net, increased $3.1 million, or 70.5%, in fiscal year 2023 
compared to fiscal year 2022. The increase in total other expense, net is primarily due to higher interest expense as a 
result of the increase in market interest rates which directly affected our variable interest rates under our Credit 
Facilities, combined with a one-time charge of $0.5 million for unamortized debt issuance costs related to our prior 
credit facilities, partially offset by interest income related to bank deposits. 
Income tax expense (benefit). We recorded an income tax expense of $3.7 million for fiscal year 2023 compared 
to a tax benefit of $3.0 million for fiscal year 2022. The tax expense is primarily attributable to the income before 
income tax combined with the non-recurrence of a one-time tax benefit recognized during fiscal year 2022 related to 
additional energy efficiency building deductions. 
Net income (loss). Our net income was $10.9 million for fiscal year 2023, as compared to a net loss of 
$8.4 million for fiscal year 2022. The increase in net income was primarily attributable to the increase in revenue and 
gross profit, partially offset by higher interest expense and income tax expense.  
Liquidity and Capital Resources 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Net cash provided by (used in): 
   
   
   
Operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 72,073  $ 
 39,214  $ 
 9,433 
Investing activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (15,743)  
 (11,457)  
 (9,527)
Financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (5,569)  
 (23,845)  
 8,358 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 50,761  $ 
 3,912  $ 
 8,264 
 
Sources of Cash 
Our primary sources of liquidity for the next 12 months and beyond are cash generated from operations, cash 
and cash equivalents, and available borrowings under our revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (the 
“Revolving Credit Facility”). We believe that our cash and cash equivalents, cash generated by operating activities, and 
available borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to finance our operating activities for at least 
the next 12 months.  
As of December 27, 2024, we had a fully drawn $100 million term loan with $90.0 million outstanding (the 
“Term Loan”, and collectively with the Revolving Credit Facility, the “Credit Facilities”), and a $50.0 million Revolving 
Credit Facility with no borrowed amounts and $1.6 million in letters of credit issued, each scheduled to mature on 
September 29, 2026. In addition, as of December 27, 2024, we had $74.2 million of unrestricted cash and cash 
equivalents. 
As of December 27, 2024, we were in compliance with the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement. As of 
December 27, 2024, unhedged borrowings under our Credit Facilities, exclusive of the effects of upfront fees, undrawn 
fees and issuance cost amortization, bore interest at an annual rate of 6.4%. See Part II, Item 8, Note 5, “Debt 
Obligations”, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for 
information regarding our indebtedness, including information about new borrowings and repayments, principal 
repayment terms, interest rates, covenants, and other key terms of our outstanding indebtedness. 

42 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities 
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $72.1 million, $39.2 million, and $9.4 million for fiscal years 
2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Cash flows from operating activities primarily consists of net income, adjusted for 
non-cash charges, such as depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation, plus or minus changes in current 
operating assets and liabilities. Cash flows provided by operating activities for fiscal year 2024 resulted primarily from 
the increase in earnings, and lower working capital requirements resulting from more robust billing and payment terms 
and the timing of collections at the end of the fiscal year. Cash flows provided by operating activities for fiscal year 2023 
resulted primarily from the increase in earnings, combined with lower working capital requirements. Cash flows 
provided by operating activities for fiscal year 2022 were unfavorably impacted by higher working capital requirements 
required to support the increase in contract revenues.  
Cash Flows from Investing Activities 
Cash flows used in investing activities were $15.7 million, $11.5 million, and $9.5 million for fiscal years 2024, 
2023, and 2022, respectively. Cash flows used in investing activities for fiscal year 2024 were primarily due to cash paid 
for an acquisition, combined with cash paid for the development of proprietary software and the purchase of computers 
and equipment. Cash flows used in investing activities for fiscal years 2023, and 2022 were primarily due to cash paid 
for the development of proprietary software and the purchase of computers and other equipment.  
Cash Flows from Financing Activities 
Cash flows used in financing activities were $5.6 million and $23.8 million for fiscal years 2024 and 2023, 
respectively, compared to cash flows provided by financing activities of $8.4 million for fiscal year 2022. Cash flows 
used in financing activities for fiscal year 2024 were primarily attributable to the repayments of $8.1 million under 
our Term Loan, $1.4 million principal payments on finance leases, and $1.4 million cash used to pay withholding taxes 
on stock grants, partially offset by $2.8 million of proceeds from sales of common stock under employee stock purchase 
plan and $2.8 million in proceeds from stock option exercises. Cash flows used in financing activities for fiscal year 
2023 were primarily attributable to the disbursement of $10.7 million in restricted cash for utility rebate 
incentives, payments of $4.0 million for contingent consideration related to prior acquisitions, combined with 
repayments and borrowings of $112.9 million and $105.0 million, respectively, under our term loan facility and line of 
credit, which resulted primarily from refinancing our Prior Credit Facility. Cash flows provided by financing activities 
for fiscal year 2022 were primarily attributable to borrowings of $20.0 million under our Delayed Draw Term Loan, 
$10.7 million in receipt of restricted cash, $3.0 million in proceeds from sales of common stock under our employee 
stock purchase plan, and $1.7 million proceeds from notes payable, partially offset by repayments of $13.0 million under 
our Term A Loan, combined with payments of $10.2 million for contingent consideration related to prior acquisitions, 
$1.9 million payments on notes payable, and $1.1 million principal payments on finance leases.  
Under certain utility contracts, we periodically receive cash deposits to be held in trust for the payment of 
energy incentive rebates to be sent directly to the utility’s end-customer on behalf of the utility. We act solely as the 
utility’s agent to distribute these funds to the end-customer and, accordingly, we classify these contractually restricted 
funds as restricted cash. Because these funds are held in trust for pass through to the utility’s customers and have no 
impact on our working capital or operating cash flows, these cash receipts are presented in the consolidated statement of 
cash flows as financing cash inflows, “Receipt of restricted cash”, with the subsequent payments classified as financing 
cash outflows, “Payment of restricted cash”. 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 
We do not have any off-balance sheet financing arrangements or liabilities. In addition, our policy is not to 
enter into futures or forward contracts. Finally, we do not have any majority-owned subsidiaries or any interests in, or 
relationships with, any special-purpose entities that are not included in the consolidated financial statements. We have, 
however, an administrative services agreement with Genesys in which we provide Genesys with ongoing administrative, 
operational and other non-professional support services. We manage Genesys and have the power to direct the activities 

43 
that most significantly impact Genesys’ performance, in addition to being obligated to absorb expected losses from 
Genesys. Accordingly, we are the primary beneficiary of Genesys and consolidate Genesys as a variable interest entity. 
Short and Long-term Uses of Cash 
General 
Our principal uses of cash are to fund operating expenses, support working capital requirements, finance capital 
expenditures, and pay down outstanding debt. From time to time, we also use cash to help fund business acquisitions. 
Our cash and cash equivalents are impacted by the timing of when we are paid by our customers for services rendered 
and when we pay expenses as reflected in the change in our outstanding accounts payable and accrued expenses. 
Contractual Obligations 
The following table sets forth our known contractual obligations as of December 27, 2024: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
     Less than       
 
      
 
     More than 
Contractual Obligations 
 
Total 
 
1 Year 
 
1 - 3 Years 
 
3 - 5 Years 
 
5 Years 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Debt (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  89,487  $  10,137  $  79,350  $ 
 —  $ 
 — 
Interest payments on debt outstanding (2) . . . . . . . . .    
 9,114   
 5,452   
 3,662   
 —   
 — 
Operating leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  15,743  
  5,804  
 
 7,727  
 
 2,212  
  
 — 
Finance leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 2,517  
  1,138  
 
 1,263  
 
 116  
  
 — 
Total contractual cash obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 116,861  $  22,531  $  92,002  $ 
 2,328  $ 
 — 
 
(1) 
Debt includes $89.5 million outstanding on our Term Loan, net of issuance costs, and no borrowed amounts outstanding on our 
Revolving Credit Facility as of December 27, 2024. We have assumed no future borrowings or repayments (other than at 
maturity) for purposes of this table. Our Term Loan is scheduled to mature on September 29, 2026. 
(2) 
Borrowings under our Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a variable rate. Future interest payments on our 
Credit Facility are estimated using floating rates in effect as of December 27, 2024. 
 
We are obligated to pay earnout payments in connection with our acquisition of Enica Engineering, PLLC. 
(“Enica”). We are obligated to pay up to $6.0 million in cash if Enica exceeds certain financial targets during the two 
years after the Enica closing date of October 23, 2024 (the “Enica Closing Date”). As of December 27, 2024, we had 
contingent consideration payable of $4.2 million related to the Enica acquisition. For fiscal year 2024, our statement of 
operations includes $0.2 million of interest accretion (excluding fair value adjustments) related to the contingent 
consideration. 
Outstanding Indebtedness 
See Part II, Item 8, Note 5, “Debt Obligations”, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information regarding our indebtedness, including information about new 
borrowings and repayments, principal repayment terms, interest rates, covenants, and other key terms of our outstanding 
indebtedness. 

44 
Insurance Premiums  
We have also financed, from time to time, insurance premiums by entering into unsecured notes payable with 
insurance companies. See part II, Item 8, Note 5, “Debt Obligations”, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information regarding our financing arrangements related to our 
insurance premiums.  
Interest Rate Swap 
From time to time, we enter into interest rate swap agreements to moderate our exposure to fluctuations in 
interest rates underlying our variable rate debt. For more information, see Part I, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative 
Disclosures About Market Risk”, and Note 4, “Derivatives”, to the Notes of Consolidated Financial Statements included 
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  
Impact of Inflation 
Due to the average duration of our projects and our ability to negotiate prices as contracts end and new 
contracts begin, historically, our operations have not been materially impacted by inflation. While immaterial to our 
results of operations and financial condition, we have experienced higher cost of materials and delays in our supply 
chain for equipment. The prices of finished products from manufacturers are subject to fluctuation and increases. It is 
difficult to accurately measure the impact of inflation, tariffs, price escalation, raw material costs, and other factors that 
impact the cost of finished goods due to the imprecise nature of the estimates required. 
 
We are often able to mitigate the impact of future price increases by entering into fixed price purchase orders 
for materials and equipment, and subcontracts on our projects, as well as, when appropriate, including cost escalation 
factors into our proposals. Despite our best mitigation efforts, significant price increases in equipment and disruptions to 
our supply chain could materially impact our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, inflationary 
pressures, including expectations of future inflation, may impact the customers of our utility clients, which may lead to 
delayed or deferred decisions regarding expenditures to improve energy efficiency, and therefore potentially impact our 
future revenues. 
Components of Revenue and Expense 
Contract Revenue 
We generally provide our services under contracts, purchase orders or retainer letters. The agreements we enter 
into with our clients typically incorporate one of three principal types of pricing provisions: time-and-materials, unit-
based, and fixed price. Revenue on our time-and-materials and unit-based contracts are recognized as the work is 
performed in accordance with specific terms of the contract. As of December 27, 2024, 18% of our contracts are time-
and-materials contracts, 40% are unit-based contracts, and 42% are fixed price contracts, compared to 19% for time-and-
materials contracts, 42% for unit-based contracts, and 39% for fixed price contracts, as of December 29, 2023. 
Some of these contracts include maximum contract prices, but contract maximums are often adjusted to reflect 
the level of effort to achieve client objectives and thus the majority of these contracts are not expected to exceed the 
maximum. Contract revenue on our fixed price contracts is determined on the percentage of completion method based 
generally on the ratio of direct costs incurred to date to estimated total direct costs at completion. Many of our fixed 
price contracts involve a high degree of subcontracted fixed price effort and are relatively short in duration, thereby 
lowering the risks of not properly estimating the percent complete.  
Adjustments to contract cost estimates are made in the periods in which the facts requiring such revisions 
become known. When the revised estimate indicates a loss, such loss is recognized in the current period in its entirety. 
Claims and change orders that have not been finalized are evaluated to determine whether or not a change has occurred 
in the enforceable rights and obligations of the original contract. If these non-finalized changes qualify as a contract 
modification, a determination is made whether to account for the change in contract value as a modification to the 

45 
existing contract, or a separate contract and revenue under the claims or change orders is recognized accordingly. Costs 
related to un-priced change orders are expensed when incurred, and recognition of the related revenue is based on the 
assessment above of whether or not a contract modification has occurred. Estimated profit for un-priced change orders is 
recognized only if collection is probable. 
Our contracts come up for renewal periodically and at the time of renewal may be subject to renegotiation, 
which could impact the profitability on that contract. In addition, during the term of a contract, public agencies may 
request additional or revised services which may impact the economics of the transaction. Most of our contracts permit 
our clients, with prior notice, to terminate the contracts at any time without cause. While we have a large volume of 
contracts, the renewal, termination or modification of a contract, in particular contracts with Consolidated Edison, the 
Dormitory Authority-State of New York, the New York City Housing Authority, and utility programs associated with 
Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, and Duke Energy Corp., may have a material effect on our consolidated 
operations. 
Some of our contracts include certain performance guarantees, such as a guaranteed energy saving quantity. 
Such guarantees are generally measured upon completion of a project. In the event that the measured performance level 
is less than the guaranteed level, any resulting financial penalty, including any additional work that may be required to 
fulfill the guarantee, is estimated and charged to direct expenses in the current period. We have not experienced any 
significant costs under such guarantees. 
Direct Costs of Contract Revenue 
Direct costs of contract revenue consist primarily of that portion of salaries and wages that have been incurred 
in connection with revenue producing projects. Direct costs of contract revenue also include material costs, 
subcontractor services, equipment and other expenses that are incurred in connection with revenue producing projects. 
Direct costs of contract revenue exclude that portion of salaries and wages related to marketing efforts, vacations, 
holidays and other time not spent directly generating revenue under existing contracts. Such costs are included in general 
and administrative expenses. Additionally, payroll taxes, bonuses and employee benefit costs for all of our personnel are 
included in general and administrative expenses since no allocation of these costs is made to direct costs of contract 
revenue.  
Other companies may classify as direct costs of contract revenue some of the costs that we classify as general 
and administrative costs. We expense direct costs of contract revenue when incurred. 
General and Administrative Expenses 
G&A expenses include the costs of the marketing and support staff, other marketing expenses, management and 
administrative personnel costs, payroll taxes, bonuses and employee benefits for all of our employees and the portion of 
salaries and wages not allocated to direct costs of contract revenue for those employees who provide our services. G&A 
expenses also include facility costs, depreciation and amortization, professional services, legal and accounting fees and 
administrative operating costs. Within G&A expenses, “Other” includes expenses such as professional services, legal 
and accounting, computer costs, travel and entertainment, marketing costs and acquisition costs. We expense general and 
administrative costs when incurred. 

46 
Critical Accounting Policies 
This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated 
financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. 
(“GAAP”). To prepare these financial statements in conformity with GAAP, we must make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of 
revenue and expenses in the reporting period. Our actual results may differ from these estimates. We have provided a 
summary of our significant accounting policies in Part II, Item 8, Note 1, “Organization and Operations of the 
Company”, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We 
describe below those accounting policies that require material subjective or complex judgments and that have the most 
significant impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Our management evaluates these estimates on an 
ongoing basis, based upon information currently available and on various assumptions management believes are 
reasonable as of the date of this report. 
Contract Assets and Liabilities 
Billing practices are governed by the contract terms of each project based upon costs incurred, achievement of 
milestones or pre-agreed schedules. Billings in any given fiscal period do not necessarily correlate with revenue 
recognized for that period. Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from revenue under contracts 
where the percentage-of-completion method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenue recognized exceeds the 
amount billed to the customer and right to repayment is not unconditional. Contract assets also include retainage 
amounts withheld from billings to our clients pursuant to provisions in our contracts and other revenues earned but not 
billed in the current period. Contract liabilities consist of advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized 
and deferred revenue. 
Contract Accounting 
We enter into contracts with our clients that contain various types of pricing provisions, including fixed price, 
time-and-materials, and unit-based provisions. We recognize revenues in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from 
Contracts with Customer, codified as ASC Topic 606 and the related amendments (collectively, “ASC 606”). As such, 
we identify a contract with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction 
price, allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract and recognize revenue when (or 
as) we satisfy a performance obligation. 
The following table reflects our two reportable segments and the types of contracts that each most commonly 
enters into for revenue generating activities. 
 
 
 
Segment 
Contract Type 
Revenue Recognition Method 
 
Time-and-materials 
Time-and-materials 
Energy 
Unit-based 
Unit-based 
 
Software license 
Unit-based 
 
Fixed price 
Percentage-of-completion 
 
Time-and-materials 
Time-and-materials 
Engineering and Consulting 
Unit-based 
Unit-based 
 
Fixed price 
Percentage-of-completion 
 
Revenue on the vast majority of our contracts will continue to be recognized over time because of the 
continuous transfer of control to the customer. Revenue on fixed price contracts is recognized on the percentage-of-
completion method based generally on the ratio of direct costs incurred-to-date to estimated total direct costs at 
completion. We use the percentage-of-completion method to better match the level of work performed at a certain point 
in time in relation to our effort that will be required to complete a project. In addition, the percentage-of-completion 
method is a common method of revenue recognition in our industry.  

47 
Many of our fixed price contracts involve a high degree of subcontracted fixed price effort and are relatively 
short in duration, thereby lowering the risks of not properly estimating the percent complete. Revenue on time-and-
materials and unit-based contracts is recognized as the work is performed in accordance with the specific rates and terms 
of the contract. We recognize revenues for time-and-materials contracts based upon the actual hours incurred during a 
reporting period at contractually agreed upon rates per hour and also includes in revenue all reimbursable costs incurred 
during a reporting period. Certain of our time-and-materials contracts are subject to maximum contract values and, 
accordingly, when revenue is expected to exceed the maximum contract value, these contracts are generally recognized 
under the percentage-of-completion method, consistent with fixed price contracts. For unit-based contracts, we recognize 
the contract price of units of a basic production product as revenue when the production product is delivered during a 
period. Revenue for amounts that have been billed but not earned is deferred, and such deferred revenue is referred to as 
contract liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We also derive revenue from software licenses and 
professional services and maintenance fees. In accordance with ASC 606, we perform an assessment of each contract to 
identify the performance obligations, determine the overall transaction price for the contract, allocate the transaction 
price to the performance obligations, and recognize the revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied. We 
utilize the residual approach by which we estimate the standalone selling price by reference to the total transaction price 
less the sum of the observable standalone selling prices of other goods or services promised in the contract. The 
software license revenue is typically recognized at a point in time when control is transferred to the client, which is 
defined as the point in time when the client can use and benefit from the license. The software license is delivered before 
related services are provided and is functional without services, updates, or technical support. Related professional 
services include training and support services in which the standalone selling price is determined based on an input 
measure of hours incurred to total estimated hours and is recognized over time, usually which is the life of the contract.  
To determine the proper revenue recognition method for contracts, we evaluate whether two or more contracts 
should be combined and accounted for as one single contract and whether the combined contract should be accounted for 
as one performance obligation. With respect to our contracts, it is rare that multiple contracts should be combined into a 
single performance obligation. This evaluation requires significant judgment and the decision to combine a group of 
contracts or separate a single contract into multiple performance obligations could change the amount of revenue and 
profit recorded in a given period. Contracts are considered to have a single performance obligation if the promise to 
transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts, which is 
mainly because we provide a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single 
project or capability. 
We may enter into contracts that include separate phases or elements. If each phase or element is negotiated 
separately based on the technical resources required and/or the supply and demand for the services being provided, we 
evaluate if the contracts should be segmented. If certain criteria are met, the contracts would be segmented which could 
result in revenues being assigned to the different elements or phases with different rates of profitability based on the 
relative value of each element or phase to the estimated total contract revenue. Segmented contracts may comprise up to 
approximately 2.0% to 3.0% of our consolidated contract revenue. 
Contracts that cover multiple phases or elements of the project or service lifecycle (development, design, 
construction and maintenance and support) may be considered to have multiple performance obligations even when they 
are part of a single contract. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to 
each performance obligation using the best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the 
contract. For the periods presented, the value of the separate performance obligations under contracts with multiple 
performance obligations (generally measurement and verification tasks under certain energy performance contracts) 
were not material. In cases where we do not provide the distinct good or service on a standalone basis, the primary 
method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin approach, under which we forecast 
our expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and then adds an appropriate margin for the distinct good or 
service. 
We provide quality of workmanship warranties to customers that are included in the sale and are not priced or 
sold separately or do not provide customers with a service in addition to assurance of compliance with agreed-upon 
specifications and industry standards. We do not consider these types of warranties to be separate performance 
obligations. 

48 
In some cases, we have a master service or blanket agreement with a customer under which each task order 
releases us to perform specific portions of the overall scope in the service contract. Each task order is typically 
accounted for as a separate contract because the task order establishes the enforceable rights and obligations, and 
payment terms. 
Under ASC 606, variable consideration should be considered when determining the transaction price and 
estimates should be made for the variable consideration component of the transaction price, as well as assessing whether 
an estimate of variable consideration is constrained. For certain of our contracts, variable consideration can arise from 
modifications to the scope of services resulting from unapproved change orders or customer claims. Variable 
consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative 
revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our 
estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price 
are based largely on assessments of legal enforceability, our performance, and all information (historical, current and 
forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. 
Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of our performance obligations, the estimation 
of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. As a 
significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of our contracts, we review and update 
our contract-related estimates regularly through a company-wide disciplined project review process in which 
management reviews the progress and execution of our performance obligations and the estimate at completion 
(“EAC”). As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key 
contract matters, progress towards completion and the related program schedule and the related changes in estimates of 
revenues and costs. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding labor productivity and availability, the 
complexity of the work to be performed, the cost and availability of materials, the performance of subcontractors, and 
the availability and timing of funding from the customer, among other variables. 
We recognize adjustments in estimated profit on contracts under the cumulative catch-up method. Under this 
method, the impact of the adjustment on profit recorded to date is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified. 
Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance is recognized using the adjusted estimate. If at any time the 
estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, we recognize the total loss in the period it 
is identified. 
Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements. We consider 
contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new rights or obligations or changes the existing 
enforceable rights or obligations. Most of our contract modifications are for goods or services that are not distinct from 
existing contracts due to the significant integration provided in the context of the contract and are accounted for as if 
they were part of the original contract. The effect of a contract modification that is not distinct from the existing contract 
on the transaction price and our measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates is recognized as 
an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis. 
For contract modifications that result in the promise to deliver goods or services that are distinct from the 
existing contract and the increase in price of the contract is for the same amount as the standalone selling price of the 
additional goods or services included in the modification, we account for such contract modifications as a separate 
contract. 
We include claims to vendors, subcontractors and others as a receivable and a reduction in recognized costs 
when enforceability of the claim is established by the contract and the amounts are reasonably estimable and probable of 
being recovered. The amounts are recorded up to the extent of the lesser of the amounts management expects to recover 
or to costs incurred. 
Billing practices are governed by the contract terms of each project based upon costs incurred, achievement of 
milestones or pre-agreed schedules. Billings do not necessarily correlate with revenue recognized using the percentage-
of-completion method of revenue recognition. 

49 
Accounts receivable are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful accounts based 
upon our review of all outstanding amounts on a quarterly basis. Management determines allowances for doubtful 
accounts through specific identification of amounts considered to be uncollectible and potential write-offs, plus a non-
specific allowance for other amounts for which some potential loss has been determined to be probable based on current 
and past experience. Historical credit losses have been minimal with governmental entities and large public utilities, but 
disputes may arise related to these receivable amounts. Accounts receivable are written off when deemed uncollectible. 
Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received.  
For further information on the types of contracts under which we perform our services, see Part II, Item 8, 
Note 1, “Organization and Operations of the Company”, of the Notes to consolidated financial statements included in 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
Goodwill 
We test our goodwill at least annually for possible impairment. We complete our annual testing of goodwill as 
of the last day of the first month of our fourth fiscal quarter each year to determine whether there is impairment. In 
addition to our annual test, we regularly evaluate whether events and circumstances have occurred that may indicate a 
potential impairment of goodwill. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in fiscal years 2024, 2023, or 
2022. 
We test our goodwill for impairment at the level of our reporting units, which are components of our operating 
segments. In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards 
Update (“ASU”) Update No. 2017-04 (“ASU 2017-04”), Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing 
Goodwill for Impairment. This accounting guidance eliminates the requirement to compare the implied fair value of 
reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill (commonly referred to as Step 2) from the goodwill 
impairment test. The new standard does not change how a goodwill impairment is identified. We will continue to 
perform our quantitative and qualitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to 
its carrying amount, but if we are required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, under the new standard the 
amount of the charge will be calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s fair value from its carrying amount. Under the 
prior standard, if we were required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, Step 2 required us to calculate the 
implied value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that 
reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the amount of the charge was calculated by subtracting 
the reporting unit’s implied fair value of goodwill from its actual goodwill balance. 
To estimate the fair value of our reporting units, we use both an income approach based on management’s 
estimates of future cash flows and other market data and a market approach based upon multiples of earnings before 
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, earned by similar public companies. Once the fair value is 
determined, we then compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair 
value of the reporting unit is determined to be less than the carrying value, we perform an additional assessment to 
determine the extent of the impairment based on the implied fair value of goodwill compared with the carrying amount 
of the goodwill. In the event that the current implied fair value of the goodwill is less than the carrying value, an 
impairment charge is recognized. 
Inherent in such fair value determinations are significant judgments and estimates, including but not limited to 
assumptions about our future revenue, profitability and cash flows, our operational plans and our interpretation of 
current economic indicators and market valuations. To the extent these assumptions are incorrect or economic conditions 
that would impact the future operations of our reporting units change, any goodwill may be deemed to be impaired, and 
an impairment charge could have in a material impact on our financial position or results of operation. Almost all of our 
goodwill is contained in our Energy segment, with the remainder in our Engineering and Consulting segment. At our 
measurement date, the estimated fair value of our Energy segment exceeded its carrying value. Any reduction in the 
estimated fair value of our Energy segment could result in an impairment charge of goodwill associated with this 
segment in future periods. 

50 
Business Combinations 
The acquisition method of accounting for business combinations requires us to use significant estimates and 
assumptions, including fair value estimates, as of the business combination date. For reporting periods prior to the 
completion of our procedures to value assets and liabilities, the acquisition method requires us to refine those estimates 
as necessary during the measurement period (defined as the period, not to exceed one year, in which we may adjust the 
provisional amounts recognized for a business combination) based upon new information about facts that existed on the 
business combination date. 
Under the acquisition method of accounting, we recognize separately from goodwill the identifiable assets 
acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interests in an acquiree, at the acquisition date fair value. We 
measure goodwill as of the acquisition date as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date 
amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Costs that we incur to complete the business 
combination such as investment banking, legal and other professional fees are not considered part of consideration. We 
charge these acquisition costs to other general and administrative expense as they are incurred. 
Should the initial accounting for a business combination be incomplete by the end of a reporting period that 
falls within the measurement period, we report provisional amounts in our financial statements. During the measurement 
period, we adjust the provisional amounts recognized at the acquisition date to reflect new information obtained about 
facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of 
the amounts recognized as of that date and we record those adjustments to our financial statements. We recognize 
adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which 
the adjustment amounts are determined, including the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization or 
other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been 
completed at the acquisition date. 
During fiscal year 2024, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Enica. As of December 27, 2024, we had 
not yet completed our final estimate of fair value of the assets acquired relating to the acquisitions of Enica due to the 
timing of the transactions and lack of complete information necessary to finalize such estimates of fair value. 
Accordingly, we have preliminarily estimated the fair values of the assets acquired and will finalize such fair value 
estimates within twelve months of the Enica Closing Date. During fiscal years 2023 and 2022, we did not have any 
material acquisitions. 
For further discussion of our acquisitions, see Part II, Item 8, Note 13, “Business Combinations” of the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
Income Taxes 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis 
of our assets and liabilities, subject to a judgmental assessment of the recoverability of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax 
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change 
in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded 
when it is more-likely-than-not that some of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. Significant judgment is applied 
when assessing the need for valuation allowances and includes the evaluation of historical income (loss) adjusted for the 
effects of non-recurring items and the impact of recent business combinations. Areas of estimation include our 
consideration of future taxable income which is driven by verifiable signed contracts and ongoing prudent and feasible 
tax planning strategies. Should a change in circumstances lead to a change in judgment about the utilization of deferred 
tax assets in future years, we would adjust the related valuation allowances in the period that the change in 
circumstances occurs, along with a corresponding increase or charge to income.  
For acquired business entities, if we identify changes to acquired deferred tax asset valuation allowances or 
liabilities related to uncertain tax positions during the measurement period and they relate to new information obtained 

51 
about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, those changes are considered a measurement period 
adjustment and we record the offset to goodwill. We record all other changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances 
and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions in current period income tax expense. 
We recognize the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions if it is more-likely-than-not that the tax positions will 
be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit is 
measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. 
We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. 
For further discussion of our income taxes, see Part II, Item 8, Note 11, “Income Taxes” of the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
Recent Accounting Standards 
 
For a description of recently issued and adopted accounting pronouncements, including adoption dates and 
expected effects on our results of operations and financial condition, see Part II, Item 8, Note 2, “Recent Accounting 
Pronouncements”, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
 
 

52 
ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 
Interest Rate Risk 
Market risk is the risk of loss to future earnings, to fair values or to future cash flows that may result from 
changes in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in 
interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes. Market risk is attributed to all 
market risk sensitive financial instruments, including long-term debt. 
As of December 27, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $74.2 million. This amount represents cash on 
hand in business checking accounts with BMO Bank, N.A. We do not engage in trading activities and do not participate 
in foreign currency transactions. 
We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our Term Loan and borrowings, if any, under our 
Revolving Credit Facility, each of which bears interest at variable rates. As of December 27, 2024, $90.0 million was 
outstanding under our Term Loan, and we had no borrowed amounts outstanding and $1.6 million in letters of credit 
were issued under our Revolving Credit Facility. Each of our Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility mature on 
September 29, 2026 and are governed by our Credit Agreement. 
Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, (as described in Part II, Item 8, Note 5, “Debt Obligations,” of the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), borrowings under the Credit 
Agreement bear interest at either a Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) or the adjusted Secured Overnight 
Financing Rate (“SOFR”), at the Company’s option, and in each case, plus an applicable margin, which applicable 
margin ranges from 0.75% to 2.00% with respect to Base Rate borrowings and 1.75% to 3.00% with respect to SOFR 
borrowings, depending on the Company’s Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement); provided, that 
SOFR and the Base Rate cannot be less than 0.00%, with the specific pricing reset on each date on which the 
Administrative Agent receives the required financial statements under the Credit Agreement for the fiscal quarter then 
ended. The Company must also pay a commitment fee for the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, which 
ranges from 0.20% to 0.40% per annum depending on the Company’s Total Net Leverage Ratio, and fees on the face 
amount of any letters of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, which range from 1.3125% to 2.25% per 
annum, in each case, depending on the Company’s Total Net Leverage Ratio, as well as customary fronting fees payable 
to BMO as letter of credit issuer. Based upon the amount of our outstanding indebtedness as of December 27, 2024, a 
one percentage point increase in the effective interest rate, inclusive of our interest rate swap agreement, would change 
our annual interest expense by approximately $0.4 million in fiscal year 2024.  
The Term Loan will amortize quarterly in an amount equal to (i) 7.5% per annum for the first year ending after 
the Closing Date and (ii) 10.0% per annum for the second and third years ending after the Closing Date, with a final 
payment of all then remaining principal and interest due on the maturity date of September 29, 2026. The amounts 
outstanding under the Credit Facilities may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time without penalty (other than 
customary breakage costs).  
On November 30, 2023, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $50.0 million notional amount. The 
interest swap agreement was designated as a cash flow hedge to fix the variable interest rate on a portion of the 
outstanding principal amount under our Term Loan. The interest rate swap fixed rate is 4.77% and expires on 
September 29, 2026. 
 
 
 

53 
ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 
 
 
 
Page 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 173) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
54 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
56 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the fiscal years in the three-year period ended 
December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
57 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the fiscal years in the three-year period 
ended December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
58 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the fiscal years in the three-year period ended 
December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
59 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
60 
 
 
 
 
 

54 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
 
Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Willdan Group, Inc. 
Anaheim, California 
 
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Willdan Group, Inc. (the "Company") as of 
December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), 
stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 27, 2024, and the 
related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting as of December 27, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated 
Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). 
 
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
the Company as of December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for 
each of the years in the three-year period ended December 27, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, 
effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 27, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by COSO. 
 
Basis for Opinions 
 
The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over 
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the 
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting 
Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in 
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB.  
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was 
maintained in all material respects.  
 
Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the 
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such 
procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over 
financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk 
that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control 
based on the assessed risk. As permitted, the Company has excluded the operations of Enica Engineering, PLLC. 
acquired during 2024, which is described in Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements, from the scope of 
management’s report on internal control over financial reporting. As such, it has also been excluded from the scope of 
our audit of internal control over financial reporting. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. 
 
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies 

55 
and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are 
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of 
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely 
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the 
financial statements. 
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.   
 
Critical Audit Matter 
 
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated 
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates 
to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially 
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way 
our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical 
audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it 
relates. 
 
Estimated costs to complete on fixed price contracts 
 
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, revenues from fixed price contracts are recognized over 
time since control of the services is transferred continuously to the client. Generally, revenue is recognized using costs 
incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying the Company’s 
performance obligations. 
 
We identified auditing management’s estimates of costs to complete on select fixed price contracts to be a critical audit 
matter. The critical audit matter relates to select long-term fixed price construction contracts, based on magnitude of 
estimated costs to complete and the stage of completion of the contract. These estimates require management to make 
assumptions about future events and, as a result, a high degree of auditor judgment is involved in auditing these 
estimates. Due to the factors above, auditing management’s estimates of costs to complete required extensive audit 
procedures.  
 
Our audit procedures related to the evaluation of estimated costs at completion for fixed price contracts included the 
following:  
 
• 
Tested the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of controls that are designed to address the 
reasonableness of estimates of costs to complete fixed price contracts. 
• 
Evaluated the reasonableness of management’s estimates related to the cost to complete for fixed price 
contracts through testing of the key components of the estimated costs to complete, including, labor, materials, 
and subcontractor costs.  
• 
Agreed a sample of contract costs incurred to supporting documentation.  
• 
Performed inquiries of management and project personnel regarding facts and circumstances relevant to the 
accounting for a sample of such contracts. 
• 
Recalculated revenue recognition based on the percentage of completion. 
• 
Performed a retrospective review procedures to assess management’s historical ability to accurately estimate 
the transaction price and cost to complete of fixed price contracts.  
 
/s/Crowe LLP 
 
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018. 
 
Los Angeles, California 
March 6, 2025 
 

56 
WILLDAN GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(in thousands, except par value) 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
    
2024 
     
2023 
Assets 
Current assets: 
   
   
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 74,158  $ 
 23,397 
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 — 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,313 and $866 at 
December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 65,557  
 
 69,677 
Contract assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 88,528  
 
 93,885 
Other receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 2,302  
 
 1,169 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 4,979  
 
 3,888 
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 235,524  
 
 192,016 
Equipment and leasehold improvements, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 29,534  
 
 27,097 
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 140,991  
 131,144 
Right-of-use assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 14,035  
 12,465 
Other intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 29,414  
 31,956 
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 2,019  
 
 4,949 
Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 13,346  
 15,961 
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 464,863  $ 
 415,588 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 
Current liabilities: 
   
   
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 33,766  $ 
 33,193 
Accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 62,776  
 
 54,129 
Contingent consideration payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 2,500  
 — 
Contract liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 21,556  
 
 13,183 
Notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 10,137  
 
 8,452 
Finance lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,138  
 1,186 
Lease liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 5,804  
 4,537 
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 137,677  
 
 114,680 
Contingent consideration payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,713  
 — 
Notes payable, less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 79,350  
 88,979 
Finance lease obligations, less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,379  
 
 1,184 
Lease liability, less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 9,939  
 9,758 
Other noncurrent liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 462  
 1,142 
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 230,520  
 215,743 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies 
   
  
 
   
  
Stockholders’ equity: 
   
  
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and 
outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —  
 
 — 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 40,000 shares authorized; 14,169 and 13,682 shares 
issued and outstanding at December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, respectively . . . .   
 
 142  
 
 137 
Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 197,368  
 
 185,795 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (314) 
 (664)
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 37,147  
 
 14,577 
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 234,343  
 
 199,845 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 464,863  $ 
 415,588 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 
 

57 
WILLDAN GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 
(in thousands, except per share amounts) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
    
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$  565,798  
$  510,095  
$ 
 429,138 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Direct costs of contract revenue (inclusive of directly related  
depreciation and amortization): 
   
 
  
 
  
Salaries and wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 93,543  
  
 89,915  
  
 82,972 
Subcontractor services and other direct costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   269,473  
   240,413  
  
 202,587 
Total direct costs of contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   363,016  
   330,328  
  
 285,559 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   202,782  
   179,767  
  
 143,579 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative expenses: 
   
 
  
 
  
Salaries and wages, payroll taxes and employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   105,373  
  
 95,556  
  
 81,801 
Facilities and facility related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 9,718  
  
 9,565  
  
 9,287 
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 7,388  
  
 5,323  
  
 8,373 
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 14,745  
  
 16,431  
  
 17,489 
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 34,205  
  
 30,818  
  
 33,692 
Total general and administrative expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   171,429  
   157,693  
  
 150,642 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (Loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 31,353  
  
 22,074  
  
 (7,063)
 
  
 
 
 
 
Other income (expense): 
   
 
  
 
  
Interest expense, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 (7,801) 
  
 (9,413) 
  
 (5,328)
Other, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 3,127  
  
 1,930  
  
 939 
Total other expense, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 (4,674) 
  
 (7,483) 
  
 (4,389)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (Loss) before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 26,679  
  
 14,591  
  
 (11,452)
Income tax (benefit) expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 4,109  
  
 3,665  
  
 (3,004)
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 22,570  
 
 10,926  
 
 (8,448)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative contracts, net of tax . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 350  
 
 (664) 
 
 38 
Comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 22,920  
$ 
 10,262  
$ 
 (8,410)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (Loss) per share: 
   
 
  
 
  
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 1.63  
$ 
 0.82  
$ 
 (0.65)
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 1.58  
$ 
 0.80  
$ 
 (0.65)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares outstanding: 
   
 
  
 
  
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 13,818  
  
 13,394  
  
 13,013 
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
  
 14,245  
  
 13,606  
  
 13,013 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

58 
WILLDAN GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
(in thousands) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
Accumulated   
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
Additional  
Other 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Common Stock  
Paid-in  Comprehensive  Retained    
 
 
    Shares      Amount    
Capital     Income (Loss)     Earnings     
Total 
Balance at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    12,804   $ 128   $ 167,032   $ 
(38) $ 12,099   $ 179,221  
Shares of common stock issued in connection 
with employee stock purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . .    
 115   
 1   
 3,035   
 —   
 —   
 3,036 
Shares of common stock issued in connection 
with incentive stock plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 34   
 —   
 274   
 —   
 —   
 274 
Shares used to pay taxes on stock grants . . . . . . .    
 (34)  
 —   
 (992)  
 —   
 —   
 (992)
Issuance of restricted stock award and units . . . .   
 377   
 4   
 (4)  
 —   
 —   
 — 
Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 —   
 8,373   
 —   
 —   
 8,373 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    (8,448)   (8,448)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative 
contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 38   
 —   
 38 
Balance at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    13,296   $ 133   $ 177,718   $ 
(0) $ 3,651   $ 181,502  
Shares of common stock issued in connection 
with employee stock purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . .    
 182   
 2   
 2,779   
 —   
 —   
 2,781 
Shares of common stock issued in connection 
with incentive stock plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 19   
 —   
 182   
 —   
 —   
 182 
Shares used to pay taxes on stock grants . . . . . . .    
 (11)  
 —   
 (205)  
 —   
 —   
 (205)
Issuance of restricted stock award and units . . . .   
 196   
 2   
 (2)  
 —   
 —   
 — 
Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 —   
 5,323   
 —   
 —   
 5,323 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    10,926    10,926 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative 
contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 (664)  
 —   
 (664)
Balance at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    13,682   $ 137   $ 185,795   $ 
(664) $ 14,577   $ 199,845  
Shares of common stock issued in connection 
with employee stock purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . .    
 164   
 2   
 2,836   
 —   
 —   
 2,838 
Shares of common stock issued in connection 
with incentive stock plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 222   
 2   
 2,757   
 —   
 —   
 2,759 
Shares used to pay taxes on stock grants . . . . . . .    
 (48)  
 (1)   (1,406)  
 —   
 —    (1,407)
Issuance of restricted stock award and units . . . .   
 149   
 2   
 (2)  
 —   
 —   
 — 
Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 —   
 7,388   
 —   
 —   
 7,388 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    22,570    22,570 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative 
contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 350   
 —   
 350 
Balance at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    14,169   $ 142   $ 197,368   $ 
(314) $ 37,147   $ 234,343  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 
 
 

59 
WILLDAN GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(in thousands) 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
Cash flows from operating activities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 22,570  
$ 
 10,926  
$ 
 (8,448)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating 
activities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 14,745  
  
 16,431  
 
 17,489 
Other non-cash items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (73) 
 
 1,445  
 
 — 
Deferred income taxes, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 2,615  
  
 2,582  
 
 (1,694)
(Gain) loss on sale/disposal of equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (15) 
  
 (63) 
 
 (64)
Provision for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 740  
  
 825  
 
 243 
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 7,388  
  
 5,323  
 
 8,373 
Accretion and fair value adjustments of contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 153  
 
 —  
 
 3,168 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from business acquisitions: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 5,316  
  
 (10,300) 
 
 6,766 
Contract assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 5,778  
  
 (10,825) 
 
 (23,772)
Other receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (1,133) 
  
 3,604  
 
 1,494 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (1,091) 
  
 2,566  
 
 (1,230)
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 2,953  
  
 5,717  
 
 3,223 
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (831) 
  
 4,360  
 
 (7,839)
Accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 4,707  
  
 5,030  
 
 12,970 
Contract liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 8,373  
  
 598  
 
 (914)
Right-of-use assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (122) 
  
 995  
 
 (332)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 72,073  
  
 39,214  
  
 9,433 
Cash flows from investing activities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Purchase of equipment, software, and leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (8,413) 
  
 (9,925) 
 
 (9,602)
Proceeds from sale of equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 34  
 
 68  
 
 75 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (7,364) 
 
 (1,600) 
 
 — 
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (15,743) 
  
 (11,457) 
  
 (9,527)
Cash flows from financing activities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Payments on contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 —  
  
 (4,000) 
 
 (10,206)
Receipt of restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 10,679 
Payment on restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —  
 
 (10,679) 
 
 — 
Payments on notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (190) 
 
 (1,631) 
 
 (1,920)
Payments on debt issuance costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —  
 
 (1,114) 
 
 (177)
Proceeds from notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 —  
  
 —  
 
 1,718 
Borrowings under term loan facility and line of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —  
 
 105,000  
 
 20,000 
Repayments under term loan facility and line of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (8,125) 
 
 (112,875) 
 
 (13,000)
Principal payments on finance leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (1,444) 
  
 (1,304) 
 
 (1,054)
Proceeds from stock option exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 2,759  
  
 182  
 
 274 
Proceeds from sales of common stock under employee stock purchase plan. . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 2,838  
  
 2,781  
 
 3,036 
Cash used to pay taxes on stock grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (1,407) 
 
 (205) 
 
 (992)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (5,569) 
  
 (23,845) 
  
 8,358 
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 50,761  
  
 3,912  
  
 8,264 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 23,397  
  
 19,485  
  
 11,221 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 74,158  
$ 
 23,397  
$ 
 19,485 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Cash paid (received) during the period for: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 7,520  
$ 
 10,193  
$ 
 5,066 
Income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 1,316  
  
 (3,072) 
  
 (1,120)
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Contingent consideration related to business acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 4,060  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 — 
Equipment acquired under finance leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,605  
 
 961  
 
 2,451 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.  
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
60 
1. ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS OF THE COMPANY 
Willdan Group, Inc. (“Willdan” or the “Company”) is a provider of professional, technical and consulting 
services to utilities, private industry, and public agencies at all levels of government. As resources and infrastructures 
undergo continuous change, the Company helps organizations and their communities evolve and thrive by providing a 
wide range of technical services for energy solutions and government infrastructure. Through engineering, program 
management, policy advisory, and software and data management, the Company designs and delivers trusted, 
comprehensive, innovative, and proven solutions to improve efficiency, resiliency, and sustainability in energy and 
infrastructure. 
Basis of Presentation 
The Company has prepared its Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”).  
The consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity includes repurchases of shares of the Company’s common 
stock from employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations incurred in connection with the vesting of restricted stock or 
performance stock units, which amount is presented as a reduction of additional paid-in capital and common stock. 
Fiscal Years 
The Company operates and reports its annual financial results based on 52 or 53-week periods ending on the 
Friday closest to December 31. The Company operates and reports its quarterly financial results based on the 13-week 
period ending on the Friday closest to June 30, September 30, and December 31 and the 13 or 14-week period ending on 
the Friday closest to March 31, as applicable. Fiscal year 2024, fiscal year 2023, and fiscal year 2022, which ended on 
December 27, 2024, December 29, 2023, and December 30, 2022, respectively, were all comprised of 52 weeks, with all 
quarters presented consisting of 13 weeks.  
Principles of Consolidation 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Willdan Group, Inc. and its wholly-owned 
subsidiaries and their respective subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been 
eliminated in consolidation. 
Reclassifications 
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified in the consolidated financial statements to conform to the 
current year presentation. 
Use of Estimates 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting 
principles in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets 
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. 
Estimates also affect the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could 
differ from those estimates. 
Cash and Cash Equivalents 
All highly liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less are considered to be 
cash equivalents. The Company from time to time may be exposed to credit risk with its bank deposits in excess of the 
FDIC insurance limits and with uninsured money market investments. The Company has not experienced any losses in 
such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
61 
Restricted Cash  
The Company, from time to time, has restricted cash that represents amounts not readily available for current 
operations due to contractual restrictions which designate these restricted cash balances for specific purposes. 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments 
The Company uses the three-tier hierarchy of fair value measurement, which prioritizes the inputs. These tiers 
include: Level 1 (the highest priority), defined as observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets, Level 2, 
defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3 
(the lowest priority), defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity 
to develop its own assumptions.  
 
The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, contract 
assets, other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and contract 
liabilities. The carrying amounts of certain other assets and contingent consideration are discounted to their present value 
because the time between the origination of these instruments and their expected realization or payment is greater than 
one year.  
 
As of December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, the carrying amounts of the Company’s cash and cash 
equivalents, accounts receivable, contract assets, other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts 
payable, accrued liabilities and contract liabilities, approximate their fair values because of the relatively short period of 
time between the origination of these instruments and their expected realization or payment. The carrying amounts of 
debt obligations approximate their fair values since the terms are comparable to terms currently offered by local lending 
institutions for loans of similar terms to companies with comparable credit risk.  
 
The carrying amounts of the derivative financial instrument is valued based on Level 2 inputs. 
 
The fair value of the contingent consideration liability is valued on Level 3 inputs.  
 
Variable Interest Entities 
The Company accounts for variable interest entities in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 
(“ASC”) 810, Consolidation. Under ASC 810, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) is created when any of the following 
criteria are present: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its 
activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, including the equity holders; 
(b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, 
(ii) are not obligated to absorb expected losses of the entity or (iii) do not have the right to receive expected residual 
returns of the entity; or (c) the entity’s equity holders have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic 
interests, and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of the equity holder with disproportionately 
few voting rights. If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, the enterprise that has both (i) the power to 
direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to 
absorb the expected losses of the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to 
the VIE is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE. In accordance with ASC 810, the Company 
performs ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. 
As of December 27, 2024, the Company had one VIE — Genesys Engineering, P.C. (“Genesys”). Pursuant to 
New York law, the Company does not own capital stock of Genesys and does not have control over the professional 
decision making of Genesys’s engineering services. The Company, however, has entered into an administrative services 
agreement with Genesys pursuant to which WES, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, will provide Genesys with 
ongoing administrative, operational and other non-professional support services. The Company manages Genesys and 
has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Genesys’s performance, in addition to being 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
62 
obligated to absorb expected losses from Genesys. Accordingly, the Company is the primary beneficiary of Genesys and 
consolidates Genesys as a VIE. 
Management also concluded there is no noncontrolling interest related to the consolidation of Genesys because 
management determined that (i) the shareholder of Genesys does not have more than a nominal amount of equity 
investment at risk, (ii) WES absorbs the expected losses of Genesys through its deferral of Genesys’s service fees owed 
to WES and the Company has, since entering into the administrative services agreement, had to continuously defer 
service fees for Genesys, and (iii) the Company believes Genesys will continue to have a shortfall on payment of its 
service fees for the foreseeable future, leaving no expected residual returns for the shareholder. For more information 
regarding Genesys, see Note 8 “Commitments and Variable Interest Entities.” 
Segment Information 
The Company presents segment information externally consistent with the manner in which the Company’s 
chief operating decision maker reviews information to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s two 
segments are (i) Energy, and (ii) Engineering and Consulting. 
Willdan Group, Inc. (“WGI”) is a holding company and performs administrative functions on behalf of its 
subsidiaries, such as treasury, legal, accounting, information systems, human resources and certain business 
development activities, and earns revenue that is only incidental to the activities of the enterprise. As a result, WGI does 
not meet the definition of an operating segment. 
Contract Assets and Liabilities 
Billing practices are governed by the contract terms of each project based upon costs incurred, achievement of 
milestones or pre-agreed schedules. Billings do not necessarily correlate with revenue recognized using the percentage-
of-completion method of revenue recognition. Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from revenue 
under contracts where the percentage-of-completion method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenue recognized 
exceeds the amount billed to the customer. In addition, contract assets include retainage amounts withheld from billings 
to the Company’s clients pursuant to provisions in our contracts. Contract liabilities consist of advance payments and 
billings in excess of revenue recognized and deferred revenue. 
Contract Accounting  
The Company enters into contracts with its clients that contain various types of pricing provisions, including 
fixed price, time-and-materials, and unit-based provisions. The Company recognizes revenues in accordance with ASU 
2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customer, codified as ASC Topic 606 and the related amendments (collectively 
“ASC 606”). As such, the Company identifies a contract with a customer, identifies the performance obligations in the 
contract, determines the transaction price, allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract 
and recognizes revenues when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. 
The following table reflects the Company’s two reportable segments and the types of contracts that each most 
commonly enters into for revenue generating activities. 
 
 
 
Segment 
Contract Type 
Revenue Recognition Method 
 
Time-and-materials 
Time-and-materials 
Energy 
Unit-based 
Unit-based 
 
Software license 
Unit-based 
 
Fixed price 
Percentage-of-completion 
 
Time-and-materials 
Time-and-materials 
Engineering and Consulting 
Unit-based 
Unit-based 
 
Fixed price 
Percentage-of-completion 
  

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
63 
Revenue on the vast majority of the Company’s contracts is recognized over time because of the continuous 
transfer of control to the customer. Revenue on fixed price contracts is recognized on the percentage-of-completion 
method based generally on the ratio of direct costs incurred-to-date to estimated total direct costs at completion. The 
Company uses the percentage-of-completion method to better match the level of work performed at a certain point in 
time in relation to the effort that will be required to complete a project. In addition, the percentage-of-completion method 
is a common method of revenue recognition in the Company’s industry. 
Many of the Company’s fixed price contracts involve a high degree of subcontracted fixed price effort and, 
usually, are relatively short in duration, thereby lowering the risks of not properly estimating the percent complete. 
Revenue on time-and-materials and unit-based contracts is recognized as the work is performed in accordance with the 
specific rates and terms of the contract. The Company recognizes revenues for time-and-materials contracts based upon 
the actual hours incurred during a reporting period at contractually agreed upon rates per hour and also includes in 
revenue all reimbursable costs incurred during a reporting period. Certain of the Company’s time-and-materials contracts 
are subject to maximum contract values and, accordingly, when revenue is expected to exceed the maximum contract 
value, these contracts are generally recognized under the percentage-of-completion method, consistent with fixed price 
contracts. For unit-based contracts, the Company recognizes the contract price of units of a basic production product as 
revenue when the production product is delivered during a period. Revenue for amounts that have been billed but not 
earned is deferred, and such deferred revenue is referred to as contract liabilities in the accompanying consolidated 
balance sheets. The Company also derives revenue from software licenses and professional services and maintenance 
fees. In accordance with ASC 606, the Company performs an assessment of each contract to identify the performance 
obligations, determine the overall transaction price for the contract, allocate the transaction price to the performance 
obligations, and recognize the revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied. The Company utilizes the 
residual approach by which it estimates the standalone selling price by reference to the total transaction price less the 
sum of the observable standalone selling prices of other goods or services promised in the contract. The 
software license revenue is typically recognized at a point in time when control is transferred to the client, which is 
defined as the point in time when the client can use and benefit from the license. The software license is delivered before 
related services are provided and is functional without services, updates, or technical support. Related professional 
services include training and support services in which the standalone selling price is determined based on an input 
measure of hours incurred to total estimated hours and is recognized over time, which usually is the life of the contract.   
To determine the proper revenue recognition method for contracts, the Company evaluates whether two or more 
contracts should be combined and accounted for as one single contract and whether the combined contract should be 
accounted for as one performance obligation. With respect to the Company’s contracts, it is rare that multiple contracts 
should be combined into a single performance obligation. This evaluation requires significant judgment and the decision 
to combine a group of contracts or separate a single contract into multiple performance obligations could change the 
amount of revenue and profit recorded in a given period. Contracts are considered to have a single performance 
obligation if the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in 
the contracts, which is mainly because the Company provides a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks 
and components into a single project or capability. 
The Company may enter into contracts that include separate phases or elements. If each phase or element is 
negotiated separately based on the technical resources required and/or the supply and demand for the services being 
provided, the Company evaluates if the contracts should be segmented. If certain criteria are met, the contracts would be 
segmented which could result in revenues being assigned to the different elements or phases with different rates of 
profitability based on the relative value of each element or phase to the estimated total contract revenue. Segmented 
contracts may comprise up to approximately 2.0% to 3.0% of the Company’s consolidated contract revenue. 
Contracts that cover multiple phases or elements of the project or service lifecycle (development, construction 
and maintenance and support) may be considered to have multiple performance obligations even when they are part of a 
single contract. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each 
performance obligation using the best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the 
contract. For the periods presented, the value of the separate performance obligations under contracts with multiple 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
64 
performance obligations (generally measurement and verification tasks under certain energy performance contracts) 
were not material. In cases where the Company does not provide the distinct good or service on a standalone basis, the 
primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin approach, under which the 
Company forecasts the Company’s expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and then adds an appropriate 
margin for the distinct good or service. 
The Company provides quality of workmanship warranties to customers that are included in the sale and are not 
priced or sold separately or do not provide customers with a service in addition to assurance of compliance with agreed-
upon specifications and industry standards. The Company does not consider these types of warranties to be separate 
performance obligations. 
In some cases, the Company has a master service or blanket agreement with a customer under which each task 
order releases the Company to perform specific portions of the overall scope in the service contract. Each task order is 
typically accounted for as a separate contract because the task order establishes the enforceable rights and obligations, 
and payment terms. 
Under ASC 606, variable consideration should be considered when determining the transaction price and 
estimates should be made for the variable consideration component of the transaction price, as well as assessing whether 
an estimate of variable consideration is constrained. For certain of the Company’s contracts, variable consideration can 
arise from modifications to the scope of services resulting from unapproved change orders or customer claims. Variable 
consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative 
revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The 
Company estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the 
transaction price are based largely on assessments of legal enforceability, the Company’s performance, and all 
information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company. 
Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of the Company’s performance obligations, the 
estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant 
judgment. As a significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of the Company’s 
contracts, the Company reviews and updates the Company’s contract-related estimates regularly through a company-
wide disciplined project review process in which management reviews the progress and execution of the Company’s 
performance obligations and the estimate at completion (“EAC”). As part of this process, management reviews 
information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract matters, progress towards completion and the 
related program schedule and the related changes in estimates of revenues and costs. Management must make 
assumptions and estimates regarding labor productivity and availability, the complexity of the work to be performed, the 
cost and availability of materials, the performance of subcontractors, and the availability and timing of funding from the 
customer, among other variables. 
The Company recognizes adjustments in estimated profit on contracts under the cumulative catch-up method. 
Under this method, the impact of the adjustment on profit recorded to date is recognized in the period the adjustment is 
identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance is recognized using the adjusted estimate. If at 
any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, the Company recognizes the 
full amount of estimated loss in the period it is identified. 
Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements. The Company 
considers contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new rights or obligations or changes the 
existing enforceable rights or obligations. Most of the Company’s contract modifications are for goods or services that 
are not distinct from existing contracts due to the significant integration provided in the context of the contract and are 
accounted for as if they were part of the original contract. The effect of a contract modification that is not distinct from 
the existing contract on the transaction price and the Company’s measure of progress for the performance obligation to 
which it relates is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a 
cumulative catch-up basis. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
65 
For contract modifications that result in the promise to deliver goods or services that are distinct from the 
existing contract and the increase in price of the contract is for the same amount as the standalone selling price of the 
additional goods or services included in the modification, the Company accounts for such contract modifications as a 
separate contract. 
The Company includes claims to vendors, subcontractors and others as a receivable and a reduction in 
recognized costs when enforceability of the claim is established by the contract and the amounts are reasonably 
estimable and probable of being recovered. The amounts are recorded up to the extent of the lesser of the amounts 
management expects to recover or to costs incurred. 
Billing practices are governed by the contract terms of each project based upon costs incurred, achievement of 
milestones or pre-agreed schedules. Billings do not necessarily correlate with revenue recognized using the percentage-
of-completion method of revenue recognition. 
Direct costs of contract revenue consist primarily of that portion of technical and nontechnical salaries and 
wages that has been incurred in connection with revenue producing projects. Direct costs of contract revenue also 
include production expenses, subcontractor services and other expenses that are incurred in connection with revenue 
producing projects. 
Direct costs of contract revenue exclude that portion of technical and nontechnical salaries and wages related to 
marketing efforts, vacations, holidays and other time not spent directly generating revenue under existing contracts. Such 
costs are included in general and administrative expenses. Additionally, payroll taxes, bonuses and employee benefit 
costs for all Company personnel are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income since no allocation of these costs is made to direct costs of contract revenue. No 
allocation of facilities costs is made to direct costs of contract revenue. Other companies may classify as direct costs of 
contract revenue some of the costs that the Company classifies as general and administrative costs. The Company 
expenses direct costs of contract revenue when incurred. 
Included in revenue and costs are all reimbursable costs for which the Company has the risk or on which the fee 
was based at the time of bid or negotiation. No revenue or cost is recorded for costs in which the Company acts solely in 
the capacity of an agent and has no risks associated with such costs. 
Accounts receivable are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful accounts based 
upon a review of all outstanding amounts on a quarterly basis. Management determines allowances for doubtful accounts 
through specific identification of amounts considered to be uncollectible and potential write-offs, plus a non-specific 
allowance for other amounts for which some potential loss has been determined to be probable based on current and past 
experience. The Company’s historical credit losses have been minimal with governmental entities and large public 
utilities, but disputes may arise related to these receivable amounts. Accounts receivable are written off when deemed 
uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received. 
Retainage, included in contract assets, represents amounts withheld from billings to the Company’s clients 
pursuant to provisions in the contracts and may not be paid to the Company until specific tasks are completed or the 
project is completed and, in some instances, for even longer periods. As of December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, 
contract assets included retainage of $22.0 million and $14.3 million, respectively.  
General and Administrative Expenses 
General and administrative expenses include the costs of the marketing and support staff, other marketing 
expenses, management and administrative personnel costs, payroll taxes, bonuses and employee benefits for all of the 
Company’s employees and the portion of salaries and wages not allocated to direct costs of contract revenue for those 
employees who provide the Company’s services. General and administrative expenses also include facility costs, 
depreciation and amortization, professional services, legal and accounting fees and administrative operating costs. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
66 
Within general and administrative expenses, “Other” includes expenses such as provision for billed or unbilled 
receivables, professional services, legal and accounting, computer costs, travel and entertainment, marketing costs and 
acquisition costs. The Company expenses general and administrative costs when incurred. 
Leases 
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 
(“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 require, among other things, that lessees 
recognize the following for all leases (unless a policy election is made by class of underlying asset to exclude short-term 
leases) at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising 
from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s 
right to use, or the direct use of, a specified asset for the lease term. The FASB issued ASU 2018-11 on July 30, 2018, 
which allows entities to apply the provisions of ASC 842 at the effective date without adjusting comparative periods.  
 
Under this guidance, the net present value of future lease payments is recorded as right-of-use assets and lease 
liabilities. In addition, the Company elected the ‘package of practical expedients’ permitted under the transition guidance 
within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease 
classification. In addition, the Company elected not to utilize the hindsight practical expedient to determine the lease 
term for existing leases. The Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease 
components for its facilities leases. Previously, all of the Company’s office leases were classified as operating leases and 
rent expense was included in facilities expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. 
 
In addition, the Company leases certain equipment under financing leases. The economic substance of the 
leases is a financing transaction for acquisition of equipment and leasehold improvements. Accordingly, the right-of-use 
assets for these leases are included in the balance sheets in equipment and leasehold improvements, net of accumulated 
depreciation, with a corresponding amount recorded in current portion of financing lease obligations or noncurrent 
portion of financing lease obligations, as appropriate. The financing lease assets are amortized over the life of the lease 
or, if shorter, the life of the leased asset, on a straight-line basis and included in depreciation expense in the statements of 
comprehensive income. The interest associated with financing lease obligations is included in interest expense in the 
statements of comprehensive income. For more information, see Note 7, “Leases”. 
 
Equipment and Leasehold Improvements 
Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. 
Equipment under finance leases is stated at the present value of the minimum lease payments as of the acquisition date. 
Depreciation and amortization on equipment are calculated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of 
two to five years. Leasehold improvements and assets under capital leases are amortized using the straight-line method 
over the shorter of estimated useful lives or the term of the related lease. 
Following are the estimated useful lives used to calculate depreciation and amortization: 
 
 
 
 
Category 
     Estimated Useful Life 
Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
5 years 
Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
3 years 
Computer software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
3 years 
Automobiles and trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
3 years 
Field equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
5 years 
  
  
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
67 
Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of the assets acquired. The Company completes its 
annual testing of goodwill as of the last day of the first month of its fourth fiscal quarter each year to determine whether 
there is impairment. Goodwill, which has an indefinite useful life, is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at 
least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Impairment 
losses for reporting units are recognized to the extent that a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. 
Long-lived assets 
Long-lived assets, such as equipment, leasehold improvements and purchased intangible assets subject to 
amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of 
the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the 
carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount 
by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. 
Accounting for Claims against the Company 
The Company accrues an undiscounted liability related to claims against it for which the incurrence of a loss is 
probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company discloses the amount accrued and an estimate of 
any reasonably possible loss in excess of the amount accrued, if such disclosure is necessary for its financial statements 
not to be misleading. The Company does not accrue liabilities related to claims when the likelihood that a loss has been 
incurred is probable but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, or when the liability is believed to be only 
reasonably possible or remote. Losses related to recorded claims are included in general and administrative expenses. 
Determining probability and estimating claim amounts is highly judgmental. Initial accruals and any subsequent 
changes in the Company’s estimates could have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. 
Stock-based Compensation  
The Company accounts for all stock-based compensation under the fair value recognition provisions of the 
accounting standard entitled “Compensation—Stock Compensation.” Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the 
grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite vesting period. The fair 
values of all stock options granted and the fair values of all Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) purchase rights are 
estimated using the Black-Scholes option-valuation model. The Black-Scholes option-valuation model requires the input 
of highly subjective assumptions. Performance-based restricted stock unit awards (“PBRSUs”) are granted to certain 
employees and vest only after the achievement of pre-determined performance metrics. Once the performance metrics 
are met, vesting of PBRSUs is subject to continued service by the employee. At the end of each reporting period, the 
Company evaluates the probability that PBRSUs will be earned. The Company records stock-based compensation 
expense based on the probability that the performance metrics will be achieved over the vesting period. Restricted stock 
awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are time-based equity awards that are granted to certain employees 
and vest based on time, subject to continued service by the employee. 
Business Combinations 
The acquisition method of accounting for business combinations requires the Company to use significant 
estimates and assumptions, including fair value estimates, as of the business combination date and to refine those 
estimates as necessary during the measurement period (defined as the period, not to exceed one year, in which the 
Company may adjust the provisional amounts recognized for a business combination based upon new information about 
facts that existed on the business combination date). 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
68 
Under the acquisition method of accounting, the Company recognizes separately from goodwill the identifiable 
assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interests in an acquiree, at the acquisition date fair value. 
The Company measures goodwill as of the acquisition date as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the 
acquisition date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  
Generally, the Company engages a third-party independent valuation specialist to assist in management’s 
determination of fair values of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  
In circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement, the Company 
recognizes a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments it expects to make as of the acquisition date. 
The contingent consideration fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and 
therefore constitute Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. The Company determines the initial fair value 
of contingent consideration liabilities using a Monte Carlo (“Monte Carlo”) valuation model, which involves a 
simulation of future revenues during the earn out-period using management’s best estimates, or a probability-weighted 
discounted cash flow analysis. Changes in the estimated fair value of contingent earn-out payments are included in 
general and administrative expenses. 
In circumstances where an acquisition involves acquiring customer relationships, the fair value for customer 
relationships is determined as of the acquisition date using the excess earnings method. Under this methodology, the fair 
value is determined based on the estimated future after-tax cash flows arising from the acquired customer 
relationships over their estimated useful lives after considering customer attrition and contributory asset charges. The 
assumptions that have the most significant effect on the fair value calculations are the customer attrition rates, projected 
customer revenue growth rates, margins, contributory asset charges, and discount rates. 
Costs that the Company incurs to complete the business combination such as investment banking, legal and 
other professional fees are not considered part of consideration. The Company charges these acquisition costs to general 
and administrative expense as they are incurred. 
On October 23, 2024, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Enica Engineering, PLLC. 
(“Enica”). During fiscal years 2023 and 2022, the Company did not have any material acquisitions. For further 
information, see Note 13, “Business Combinations”, of the Notes to consolidated financial statements included in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K.  
Income Taxes 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis 
of the Company’s assets and liabilities, subject to a judgmental assessment of the recoverability of deferred tax assets. 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years 
in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and 
liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation 
allowance is recorded when it is more-likely-than-not that some of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. 
Significant judgment is applied when assessing the need for valuation allowances. Areas of estimation include the 
Company’s consideration of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. Should a 
change in circumstances lead to a change in judgment about the utilization of deferred tax assets in future years, the 
Company would adjust the related valuation allowances in the period that the change in circumstances occurs, along 
with a corresponding increase or charge to income.  
During each fiscal year, management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if 
sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize existing deferred tax assets. At the end of fiscal year 2023, 
the Company had a total valuation allowance of $1.2 million. During 2024, the Company released $0.1 million of the 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
69 
valuation allowance due to expected future utilization of deferred tax assets. As of December 27, 2024, the Company 
had a total valuation allowance of $1.1 million related to its deferred tax assets. 
 For acquired business entities, if the Company identifies changes to acquired deferred tax asset valuation 
allowances or liabilities related to uncertain tax positions during the measurement period and they relate to new 
information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, those changes are considered a 
measurement period adjustment and the Company records the offset to goodwill. The Company records all other changes 
to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions in current period income tax 
expense. 
The Company recognizes the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions if it is more likely than not that the tax 
positions will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax 
benefit is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate 
settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. 
For further information, see Note 11, “Income Taxes”, of the Notes to consolidated financial statements included in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
Earnings (loss) per Share 
 
The Company computes basic income per common share using net income and the weighted average number of 
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income per common share is computed using net income and the 
weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. 
Potentially dilutive common shares include dilutive outstanding employee stock options, RSAs, RSUs, and PBRSUs, 
and rights to purchase shares of common stock under the Company’s ESPP. 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (loss), Net of Tax 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax refers to revenue, expenses, gains and losses that are recorded as 
an element of shareholders’ equity but are excluded from net income (loss). The Company’s other comprehensive 
income (loss), net of tax is comprised of unrealized gains or losses on its interest rate swap agreement designated as cash 
flow hedges. 
 
Derivatives 
From time to time, the Company uses certain interest rate derivatives contracts to hedge interest rate exposures 
on its variable rate debt. The Company recognizes derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on its consolidated 
balance sheets at fair value. The Company records changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of the derivatives that 
have been designated as cash flow hedges in its consolidated balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income 
(loss) and in its consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income as a loss or gain on cash flow hedge valuation.  
 
Operating Cycle 
In accordance with industry practice, amounts realizable and payable under contracts that extend beyond one 
year are included in current assets (included in contract assets) and current liabilities. 
  
  
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
70 
2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 
Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted 
 
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 
(“ASU”) No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 
2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 expands segment disclosure requirements through enhanced disclosures related to significant 
segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), a description of other 
segment items by reportable segment, and any additional measures of a segment’s profit or loss used by the CODM 
when deciding how to allocate resources. All disclosure requirements under ASU 2023-07 are also required for public 
entities with a single reportable segment. The amendments are effective for the fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The 
Company adopted this standard effective for its fiscal year 2024, which began on December 30, 2023. For more 
information and related disclosures, see Note 9, “Segment Information”, of the Notes to consolidated financial 
statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 
Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued 
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive 
Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)” (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires entities to 
disclose, in the notes to consolidated financial statements, specified information about certain costs and expenses at each 
interim and annual reporting period. Specific disclosures include the amounts of (a) purchases of inventory; 
(b) employee compensation; (c) depreciation; (d) intangible asset amortization; and (e) depreciation, depletion, and 
amortization recognized as part of oil- and gas-producing activities (or other amounts of depletion expense) included in 
each relevant expense caption, as well as a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions 
that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively. Additionally, entities will need to disclose the total amount of selling 
expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. The amendments are effective for 
the annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this update will 
have on its consolidated financial statements. 
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income 
Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 amends the rules on income tax disclosures to require entities to 
disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation, the income or loss from continuing operations before income tax 
expense or benefit (separated between domestic and foreign) and income tax expense or benefit from continuing 
operations (separated by federal, state, and foreign). In addition, ASU 2023-09 requires entities to disclose their income 
tax payments to international, federal, state, and local jurisdictions, among other changes. The amendments can be 
applied on a prospective basis although retrospective application is permitted. The amendments are effective for the 
annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently 
evaluating the impact this update will have on its consolidated financial statements. 
   
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-06, “Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in 
Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative” (“ASU 2023-06”). ASU 2023-06 amends U.S. 
GAAP to reflect updates and simplifications to certain disclosure and presentation requirements referred to FASB by the 
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The targeted amendments incorporate 14 of the 27 disclosures referred 
by the SEC into codification. Each amendment in ASU 2023-06 is effective on either the date on which the SEC’s 
removal of the related disclosure requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, or on 
June 30, 2027, if the SEC has not removed the requirements by that date. The Company does not believe the 
amendments in ASU 2023-06 will have a material impact in any of the Company’s current disclosures. 
  
  
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
71 
3. SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL STATEMENT DATA  
Restricted Cash 
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within 
the consolidated balance sheets for fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022, to the total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted 
cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27,  
December 29,  
December 30, 
 
     
2024 
    
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 74,158  $ 
 23,397  $ 
 8,806 
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 —   
 —  
 
 10,679 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the 
consolidated statement of cash flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 74,158  $ 
 23,397  $ 
 19,485 
 
Under certain utility contracts, the Company periodically receives cash deposits to be held in trust for the 
payment of energy incentive rebates to be sent directly to the utility’s end-customer on behalf of the utility. The 
Company acts solely as the utility’s agent to distribute these funds to the end-customer and, accordingly, the Company 
classifies these contractually restricted funds as restricted cash. Because these funds are held in trust for pass through to 
the utility’s customers and have no impact on the Company’s working capital or operating cash flows, these cash 
receipts are presented in the consolidated statement of cash flows as financing cash inflows, “Receipt of restricted cash”, 
with the subsequent payments classified as financing cash outflows, “Payment of restricted cash.”  
Accounts Receivable  
Accounts receivable consisted of the following:  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Billed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 66,870  $ 
 70,543 
Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (1,313)  
 (866)
Accounts receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 65,557 
 $ 
 69,677 
  
 
The movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts consisted of the following:  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
    
2024 
    
2023 
    
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Balance as of the beginning of the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 866  $ 
 640  $
 1,115 
(Recovery of) provision for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 740    
 826   
 243 
Write-offs of uncollectible accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (303)   
 (600)  
 (718)
Fair value adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 10    
 —   
 — 
Balance as of the end of the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 1,313  $ 
 866  $
 640 
  
 
Allowances for doubtful accounts have been determined through specific identification of amounts considered 
to be uncollectible and potential write-offs, plus a non-specific allowance for other amounts for which some potential 
loss has been determined to be probable based on current and past experience. 
As of December 27, 2024, the Company had no individual customers that accounted for more than 10% of the 
Company’s billed outstanding receivables. As of December 29, 2023, two of the Company’s customers, Consolidated 
Edison of New York and Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (“LADWP”), accounted for 24.6% of the 
Company’s billed outstanding receivables.  

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
72 
Contract Assets 
Contract assets consisted of the following:  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Unbilled short-term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 66,518  $ 
 79,585 
Contract retentions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 22,010   
 14,300 
Contract assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 88,528   
 93,885 
Unbilled long-term (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 2,849 
Total contract assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 88,528 
$ 
 96,734 
 
(1) 
Included in Other assets in the consolidated financial statements.   
 
Unbilled accounts receivable represent revenue recognized, but not yet billed, pursuant to contract terms or 
accounts billed after the period end. Contract retentions represent amounts invoiced to clients where payments have been 
withheld pending the completion of certain milestones, other contractual conditions or upon the completion of the 
project. These retention agreements vary from project to project and could be outstanding for several months. 
Equipment and Leasehold Improvements 
Equipment and leasehold improvements were as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 4,594  
$ 
 4,379 
Computer hardware and software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 51,904  
 
 44,594 
Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 3,804  
 
 3,382 
Equipment under finance leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 7,052  
 
 6,139 
Automobiles, trucks, and field equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 3,608  
 
 3,373 
Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 70,962  
 
 61,867 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 (41,428) 
 
 (34,770)
Equipment and leasehold improvements, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 29,534  
$ 
 27,097 
 
Depreciation expense of equipment and leasehold improvements totaled $7.5 million, $6.3 million, and 
$6.3 million in fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.  
Included in accumulated depreciation and amortization is $1.5 million, $1.3 million, and $1.1 million of 
amortization expense related to equipment held under finance leases in fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
73 
Accrued Liabilities 
Accrued liabilities were as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
    
2024 
    
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Accrued subcontractor costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 33,061  $ 
 30,196 
Accrued bonuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 18,277   
 14,423 
Employee withholdings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 3,664   
 3,123 
Compensation and payroll taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 3,564   
 3,125 
Rebate and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 360   
 139 
Accrued accounting costs and taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 3,850   
 3,123 
Total accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 62,776  $ 
 54,129 
  
 
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
74 
4. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
The Company uses certain interest rate derivative contracts to hedge interest rate exposures on its variable rate 
debt. The Company’s hedging program is not designated for trading or speculative purposes. 
The Company recognizes derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the accompanying consolidated 
balance sheets at fair value. The Company records changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of the derivatives that 
have been designated as cash flow hedges in its consolidated balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income 
(loss) and in its consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) as a loss or gain on cash flow hedge valuation. 
All related cash flows are reported in the operating activities section of the consolidated statements of cash flows. 
On November 30, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement that the Company 
designated as cash flow hedge to fix the variable interest rate on a portion of the Company’s Term Loan (as defined in 
Note 5, “Debt Obligations”). The interest rate swap agreement has a total notional amount of $50.0 million, has a fixed 
annual interest rate of 4.77%, and expires on September 29, 2026. As of December 27, 2024, the effective portion of the 
Company’s interest rate swap agreement designated as a cash flow hedge before tax effects was $(0.2) million, of 
which no amounts were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense in fiscal 
2024. The Company expects to reclassify $0.2 million from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest 
expense within the next twelve months. 
The fair values of the Company’s outstanding derivatives designated as hedging instruments were as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
Fair Value of Derivative 
 
     
 
     
Instruments as of 
 
 
Balance Sheet Location 
 
December 27, 2024      December 29, 2023 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Interest rate swap agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Current assets 
 $ 
 —  $ 
 46 
Interest rate swap agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Accrued liabilities 
  
 (198)  
 — 
Interest rate swap agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other noncurrent liabilities   
 (200)  
 (887)
  
 
The impact of the effective portions of derivative instruments in cash flow hedging relationships and fair value 
relationships on other comprehensive income (loss) was $0.4 million for the year ended December 27, 2024. 
The accumulated balances and reporting period activities for the year ended December 27, 2024 related to 
reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are summarized as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) on 
 Accumulated Other 
 
   Derivative Instruments    Comprehensive Loss 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Balances at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
 —  $ 
 — 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (841)  
 (841)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) . . .    
—   
— 
Income tax benefit (expense) related to derivative instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 177   
 177 
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (664)  
 (664)
Balances at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
 (664) $ 
 (664)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 443   
 443 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) . . .    
—   
— 
Income tax benefit (expense) related to derivative instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (93)  
 (93)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 350   
 350 
Balances at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
 (314) $ 
 (314)
  
  
  
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
75 
5. DEBT OBLIGATIONS 
Debt obligations, excluding obligations under finance leases (see Note 7, “Leases”, below), consisted of the 
following: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
December 27, 
     
December 29, 
 
 
2024 
 
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Outstanding borrowings on Term Loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 90,000  $ 
 98,125 
Outstanding borrowings on Revolving Credit Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —   
 — 
Other debt agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 137   
 327 
Total debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 90,137   
 98,452 
Issuance costs and debt discounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (650)  
 (1,021)
Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 89,487   
 97,431 
Less current portion of long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 10,137    
 8,452 
Long-term debt portion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 79,350  $ 
 88,979 
  
 
Credit Facilities 
On September 29, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a credit 
agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of financial institutions as lenders and BMO Bank, N.A. (“BMO”), 
as administrative agent.  
The Credit Agreement provides for (i) a $100.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”) and (ii) a $50.0 million 
revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”, and collectively with the Term Loan, the “Credit Facilities”), 
each maturing on September 29, 2026. The Company may also request lenders to add incremental term loans or increase 
the aggregate commitment under the Revolving Credit Facility by an aggregate amount of up to $75.0 million, subject to 
meeting certain conditions, and only if the lenders agree to provide such additional term loans or revolving 
commitments. 
Borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest at either a Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) 
or the adjusted Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), at the Company’s option, and in each case, plus an 
applicable margin, which applicable margin ranges from 0.75% to 2.00% with respect to Base Rate borrowings 
and 1.75% to 3.00% with respect to SOFR borrowings, depending on the Company’s Total Net Leverage Ratio (as 
defined in the Credit Agreement); provided, that SOFR and the Base Rate cannot be less than 0.00%, with the specific 
pricing reset on each date on which the Administrative Agent receives the required financial statements under the Credit 
Agreement for the fiscal quarter then ended. The Company must also pay a commitment fee for the unused portion of the 
Revolving Credit Facility, which ranges from 0.20% to 0.40% per annum depending on the Company’s Total Net 
Leverage Ratio, and fees on the face amount of any letters of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, 
which range from 1.3125% to 2.25% per annum, in each case, depending on the Company’s Total Net Leverage Ratio, 
as well as customary fronting fees payable to BMO as letter of credit issuer. In connection with the closing of the Credit 
Facilities, the Company paid certain other fees and expenses. 
The Term Loan will amortize quarterly in an amount equal to (i) 7.5% per annum for the first year ending after 
the Closing Date and (ii) 10.0% per annum for the second and third years ending after the Closing Date, with a final 
payment of all then remaining principal and interest due on the maturity date of September 29, 2026. The amounts 
outstanding under the Credit Facilities may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time without penalty (other than 
customary breakage costs). 
The Term Loan issuance costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan, and as 
of December 27, 2024, issuance costs of $0.7 million remained unamortized. The Revolving Credit Facility issuance 
costs are included in assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, and as of December 27, 2024, issuance 
costs of $0.3 million remained unamortized. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
76 
Willdan Group, Inc. is the borrower under the Credit Agreement and its obligations under the Credit Agreement 
are guaranteed by its present and future domestic subsidiaries (other than inactive subsidiaries). In addition, subject to 
certain exceptions, all such obligations are secured by substantially all of the assets of Willdan Group, Inc. and the 
subsidiary guarantors (other than inactive subsidiaries). 
The Credit Agreement requires compliance with financial covenants, including a maximum Net Leverage Ratio 
and a minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement also contains 
customary restrictive covenants, including (i) restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness and additional 
liens on property, (ii) restrictions on permitted acquisitions and other investments and (iii) limitations on asset sales, 
mergers and acquisitions. Further, the Credit Agreement limits the Company’s payment of future dividends and 
distributions and share repurchases by the Company. Subject to certain exceptions, the borrowings under the Credit 
Agreement are also subject to mandatory prepayment from (a) any issuances of debt or equity securities, (b) any sale or 
disposition of assets, (c) insurance and condemnation proceeds, and (d) a percentage of excess cash flow. The Credit 
Agreement includes customary events of default. 
The Company believes that, as of December 27, 2024, it was in compliance with all covenants contained in the 
Credit Agreement. As of December 27, 2024 the Company’s composite annual interest rate, exclusive of the effects of 
upfront fees, undrawn fees and issuance cost amortization, was 6.4% and $1.6 million in letters of credit were issued.  
Other Debt Agreements 
The Company’s other debt agreements generally are comprised of financed insurance premiums, a financed 
software agreement, and a utility customer agreement, and are immaterial to the Company’s Consolidated Financial 
Statements. 
Future Debt Payments 
The following table summarizes the combined principal installments for the Company’s debt obligations, 
excluding capital leases, over the next five years and beyond, as of December 27, 2024 (in thousands): 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year: 
      
2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 10,137 
2026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 80,000 
2027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 — 
2028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 — 
2029 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 — 
Total debt maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 90,137 
Issuance costs and debt discounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 (650)
Net carrying value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 89,487 
  
  
  
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
77 
6. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS 
 
The Company’s goodwill primarily relates to the Energy segment and the acquisitions within this segment of 
E3, Inc., Lime Energy, NAM, Integral Analytics and Abacus Resource Management Company (“Abacus”) and 
substantially all of the assets of Enica, Onsite Energy, The Weidt Group, Genesys and 360 Energy Engineers, LLC (“360 
Energy”). The remaining goodwill relates to the Engineering and Consulting reporting segment and the acquisition 
within this segment of Economists LLC.  
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reporting unit were as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 29,  
Additional  
Additions /   
December 27, 
 
     
2023 
     Purchase Cost      Adjustments      
2024 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Reporting Unit: 
   
   
   
   
Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  129,375  $ 
 9,847  $ 
 —  $ 
 139,222 
Engineering and Consulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 1,769   
 —   
 —   
 1,769 
 
 $  131,144  $ 
 9,847  $ 
 —  $ 
 140,991 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
December 30,  
Additional  
Additions /   
December 29, 
 
     
2022 
     Purchase Cost      Adjustments      
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Reporting Unit: 
   
   
   
   
Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  129,375  $ 
 —  $ 
 —  $ 
 129,375 
Engineering and Consulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 749   
 1,020   
 —   
 1,769 
 
 $  130,124  $ 
 1,020  $ 
 —  $ 
 131,144 
  
 
The Company tests its goodwill at least annually for possible impairment. The Company completes its annual 
testing of goodwill as of the last day of the first month of its fourth fiscal quarter each year to determine whether there is 
impairment. In addition to the Company’s annual test, it regularly evaluates whether events and circumstances have 
occurred that may indicate a potential impairment of goodwill.  
No impairment was recorded in any year during the three-year period ended December 27, 2024. 
The gross amounts and accumulated amortization of the Company’s acquired identifiable intangible assets with 
finite useful lives, included in other intangible assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, were as 
follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27, 2024 
 
December 29, 2023 
 
 
   
 
 
 
Gross 
 Accumulated 
 
Gross 
 Accumulated  
Amortization 
 
     
Amount 
     Amortization      
Amount 
     Amortization     
Period 
 
 
(in thousands) 
 
(in years) 
Finite: 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
Backlog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 8,882  $ 
 8,350  $ 
 8,306  $ 
 8,095  
1.0 
Tradename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 16,123   
 13,196   
 15,936   
 12,695    2.5 
-   6.0 
Non-compete agreements . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,613  
 1,488  
 1,613  
 1,440  
 4.0 
-   5.0 
Developed technology . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 15,810  
 15,286  
 15,810  
 14,521  
8.0 
Customer relationships . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 62,041  
 36,735  
 58,149  
 31,107  
 5.0 
-   12.0 
Total intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 104,469  $ 
 75,055  $ 
 99,814  $  67,858   
    
 
At the time of acquisition, the Company estimates the fair value of the acquired identifiable intangible assets 
based upon the facts and circumstances related to the particular intangible asset. Inherent in such estimates are 
judgments and estimates of future revenue, profitability, cash flows and appropriate discount rates for any present value 
calculations. The Company preliminarily estimates the value of the acquired identifiable intangible assets and then 
finalizes the 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
78 
estimated fair values during the purchase allocation period, which does not extend beyond 12 months from the date of 
acquisition. 
 
 
The Company’s amortization expense for acquired identifiable intangible assets with finite useful lives was 
$7.2 million, $10.1 million, and $11.2 million for the fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  
Estimated amortization expense for acquired identifiable intangible assets for fiscal year 2024 and the 
succeeding years is as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Future Intangible Asset 
 
 
Amortization expense 
 
    
(in thousands) 
Fiscal year: 
  
 
2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 7,069 
2026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 6,126 
2027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 5,865 
2028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 5,254 
2029 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 1,530 
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 3,570 
 
 $ 
 29,414 
  
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
79 
7. LEASES 
The Company leases certain office facilities under long-term, non-cancellable operating leases that expire at 
various dates through the year 2029. In addition, the Company is obligated under finance leases for certain furniture and 
office equipment that expire at various dates through the year 2029. 
On December 29, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) using the modified 
retrospective method. Under this guidance, the net present value of future lease payments is recorded as right-of-use 
assets and lease liabilities. In addition, the Company elected the ‘package of practical expedients’ permitted under the 
transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the 
historical lease classification. In addition, the Company elected not to utilize the hindsight practical expedient to 
determine the lease term for existing leases. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all 
leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, the Company did not recognize right-of-use assets or lease 
liabilities, including not recognizing right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in 
transition. The Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for our 
facilities leases.  
  
From time to time, the Company enters into non-cancelable leases for some of its facility and equipment needs. 
These leases allow the Company to conserve cash by paying a monthly lease rental fee for the use of facilities and 
equipment rather than purchasing them. The Company’s leases typically have remaining terms ranging from one to eight 
years, some of which may include options to extend the leases for up to five years, and some of which may include 
options to terminate the leases within one year. Currently, all of the Company’s leases contain fixed payment terms. The 
Company may decide to cancel or terminate a lease before the end of its term, in which case it is typically liable to the 
lessor for the remaining lease payments under the term of the lease. Additionally, all of the Company’s month-to-month 
leases are cancelable by the Company or the lessor, at any time, and are not included in the Company’s right-of-use asset 
or lease liability. As of December 27, 2024, the Company had no leases with residual value guarantees. Typically, the 
Company has purchase options on the equipment underlying its long-term leases. The Company may exercise some of 
these purchase options when the need for equipment is on-going and the purchase option price is attractive. 
Nonperformance-related default covenants, cross-default provisions, subjective default provisions and material adverse 
change clauses contained in material lease agreements, if any, are also evaluated to determine whether those clauses 
affect lease classification in accordance with “ASC” Topic 842-10-25. Leases are accounted for as operating or 
financing leases, depending on the terms of the lease. 
 
Financing Leases 
 
The Company leases certain equipment under financing leases. The economic substance of the leases is a 
financing transaction for acquisition of equipment and leasehold improvements. Accordingly, the right-of-use assets for 
these leases are included in the balance sheets in equipment and leasehold improvements, net of accumulated 
depreciation, with a corresponding amount recorded in current portion of financing lease obligations or noncurrent 
portion of financing lease obligations, as appropriate. The financing lease assets are amortized over the life of the lease 
or, if shorter, the life of the leased asset, on a straight-line basis and included in depreciation expense. The interest 
associated with financing lease obligations is included in interest expense. 
  
Right-of-use assets 
Operating leases are included in right-of-use assets, and current portion of lease liability and noncurrent portion 
of lease liability, as appropriate. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the 
future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most of the Company’s leases do not 
provide an implicit rate to calculate present value, the Company determines this rate by estimating the Company’s 
incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments 
made and initial direct costs incurred at lease commencement and excludes lease incentives. The Company’s lease terms 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
80 
may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that 
option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 
 
The following is a summary of the Company’s lease expense: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Operating lease cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 6,168  $ 
 6,114  
$ 
 6,140 
Sublease Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (55)  
 (49) 
 
 — 
Finance lease cost: 
   
   
 
  
Amortization of assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 1,502   
 1,331  
 
 1,118 
Interest on lease liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 157   
 105  
 
 76 
Total net lease cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 7,772  $ 
 7,501  
$ 
 7,334 
  
 
The following is a summary of lease information presented on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet: 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
 
 
2024 
     
2023 
 
 
    (in thousands, except years and percentages) 
Operating leases: 
   
   
 
Right-of-use assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 14,035  $ 
 12,465  
 
   
   
 
Lease liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 5,804  $ 
 4,537  
Lease liability, less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 9,939    
 9,758  
Total lease liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 15,743  $ 
 14,295  
 
   
   
 
Finance leases (included in equipment and leasehold improvements, net): 
  
  
 
Equipment and leasehold improvements, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 7,052  $ 
 6,139  
Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 (4,662)   
 (3,837) 
Total equipment and leasehold improvements, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 2,390  $ 
 2,302  
 
   
   
 
Finance lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 1,138  $ 
 1,186  
Finance lease obligations, less current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 1,379   
 1,184  
Total finance lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 2,517  $ 
 2,370  
 
  
  
 
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years): 
  
  
 
Operating Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 3.03   
 3.43  
Finance Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 2.42   
 2.31  
 
  
  
 
Weighted average discount rate: 
  
  
 
Operating Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 6.97 % 
 6.09 %
Finance Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 6.87 % 
 5.19 %
  
 
Rent expense for fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $6.9 million, $6.8 million, and $6.5 million, 
respectively. 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
81 
The following is a summary of other information and supplemental cash flow information related to finance and 
operating leases: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease 
liabilities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
Operating cash flow from operating leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 6,329  
$ 
 5,843  
$ 
 6,471 
Operating cash flow from finance leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 157  
 
 105  
 
 76 
Financing cash flow from finance leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 
 1,444  
 
 1,304  
 
 1,054 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
 6,760  
$ 
 5,374  
$ 
 2,745 
  
 
The following is a summary of the Company’s maturities of lease liabilities as of December 27, 2024: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
Operating 
     
Finance 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Fiscal year: 
   
   
2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 6,665  $ 
 1,292 
2026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 5,500    
 923 
2027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 2,963   
 391 
2028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 1,673   
 94 
2029 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 750    
 27 
2030 and thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 —    
 — 
Total lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 17,551   
 2,727 
Less: Imputed interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 (1,808)  
 (210)
Total lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 15,743   
 2,517 
Less: Current obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 5,804   
 1,138 
Noncurrent lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 9,939  $ 
 1,379 
 
The imputed interest for finance lease obligations represents the interest component of finance leases that will 
be recognized as interest expense in future periods. The financing component for operating lease obligations represents 
the effect of discounting the operating lease payments to their present value. 
 
 
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
82 
8. COMMITMENTS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES 
Employee Benefit Plans 
The Company has a qualified profit sharing plan pursuant to Code Section 401(a) and qualified cash or deferred 
arrangement pursuant to Code Section 401(k) covering all employees. Employees may elect to contribute up to 50% of 
their compensation limited to the amount allowed by tax laws. Company contributions are made solely at the discretion 
of the Company’s board of directors. 
The Company’s defined contribution plan (the “Plan”) covers employees who have completed three months of 
service and who have attained 21 years of age. The Company elects to make matching contributions equal to 50% of the 
participants’ contributions to the Plan up to 6% of the individual participant’s compensation, and subject to a maximum 
of $3,000 per employee. Under the defined Plan, the Company may make discretionary contributions to employee 
accounts. 
The Company made matching contributions of $2.4 million, $2.2 million, and $2.3 million during fiscal years 
2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 
Variable Interest Entities 
On March 4, 2016, the Company and the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Willdan Energy Solutions, Inc. 
(“WES”), acquired substantially all of the assets of Genesys Engineering, P.C. (“Genesys”) and assumed certain 
specified liabilities of Genesys (collectively, the “Purchase”) pursuant to an Asset Purchase and Merger Agreement, 
dated as of February 26, 2016 (the “Agreement”), by and among Willdan Group, Inc., WES, WESGEN (as defined 
below), Genesys and Ronald W. Mineo (“Mineo”) and Robert J. Braun (“Braun” and, together with Mineo, the 
“Genesys Shareholders”). On March 5, 2016, pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, WESGEN, Inc., a non-affiliated 
corporation (“WESGEN”), merged (the “Merger” and, together with the Purchase, the “Acquisition”) with Genesys, 
with Genesys remaining as the surviving corporation. Genesys was acquired to strengthen the Company’s power 
engineering capability in the northeastern U.S., and also to increase client exposure and experience with universities. 
Genesys continues to be a professional corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York, wholly-
owned by one or more licensed engineers. Pursuant to New York law, the Company does not own capital stock of 
Genesys. The Company has entered into an agreement with the Shareholder of Genesys pursuant to which the 
Shareholder will be prohibited from selling, transferring or encumbering the Shareholder’s ownership interest in 
Genesys without the Company’s consent. Notwithstanding the Company’s rights regarding the transfer of Genesys’s 
stock, the Company does not have control over the professional decision making of Genesys’s engineering services. The 
Company has entered into an administrative services agreement with Genesys pursuant to which WES will provide 
Genesys with ongoing administrative, operational and other non-professional support services. Genesys pays WES a 
service fee, which consists of all of the costs incurred by WES to provide the administrative services to Genesys plus ten 
percent of such costs, as well as any other costs that relate to professional service supplies and personnel costs. As a 
result of the administrative services agreement, the Company absorbs the expected losses of Genesys through its deferral 
of Genesys’s service fees owed to WES. 
The Company manages Genesys and has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact 
Genesys’s performance, in addition to being obligated to absorb expected losses from Genesys. Accordingly, the 
Company is the primary beneficiary of Genesys and consolidates Genesys as a variable interest entity (“VIE”). In 
addition, the Company concluded there is no noncontrolling interest related to the consolidation of Genesys because the 
Company determined that (i) the shareholder of Genesys does not have more than a nominal amount of equity 
investment at risk, (ii) WES absorbs the expected losses of Genesys through its deferral of Genesys’s service fees owed 
to WES and the Company has, since entering into the administrative services agreement, had to continuously defer 
service fees for Genesys, and (iii) the Company believes Genesys will continue to have a shortfall on payment of its 
service fees for the foreseeable future, leaving no expected residual returns for the shareholder. As of 
December 27, 2024, the Company had one VIE — Genesys. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
83 
9. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION 
Segment Information 
The Company’s two segments are Energy and Engineering and Consulting, and the Company’s chief operating 
decision maker, which continues to be its chief executive officer, receives and reviews financial information in this 
format.  
As described in Note 2, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements”, in November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 
2023-07. The Company retroactively adopted ASU 2023-07, which requires, for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2023, the disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM, along with 
a description of other segment items by reportable segment, and any additional measures of a segment’s profit or loss 
used by the CODM when deciding how to allocate resources. The Company’s CODM evaluates the performance of each 
segment based upon the information provided below.  
There were no intersegment sales during the fiscal years 2024, 2023, or 2022. In addition, enterprise-wide 
service line contract revenue is not included as it is impracticable to report this information for each group of similar 
services. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Engineering  
Unallocated  
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
     
Energy 
     & Consulting     Corporate      Intersegment     
Total 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Fiscal Year 2024 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 473,309  
$ 
 92,489  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 565,798 
Direct subcontractor services and other direct costs . . . . . .   
 
 266,092  
 
 3,381  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 269,473 
Direct salaries and wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 55,041  
 
 38,502  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 93,543 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 152,176  
 
 50,606  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 202,782 
Other indirect costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 113,998  
 
 36,263  
 
 6,423  
 
 —  
 
 156,684 
EBITDA (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 38,554  
 
 14,344  
 
 (3,673) 
 
 —  
 
 49,225 
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 —  
 
 —  
 
 7,801  
 
 —  
 
 7,801 
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 13,260  
 
 1,485  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 14,745 
Segment profit (loss) before income tax expense . . . . . . . .   
  
 25,294  
 
 12,859  
 
 (11,474) 
 
 —  
 
 26,679 
Income tax (benefit) expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 3,896  
 
 1,980  
 
 (1,767) 
 
 —  
 
 4,109 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 21,398  
 
 10,879  
 
 (9,707) 
 
 —  
 
 22,570 
Segment assets (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 348,883  
 
 29,202  
 
 109,908  
 
 (23,130) 
 
 464,863 
 
 
 
 
 
Engineering  
Unallocated  
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
     
Energy 
     & Consulting     Corporate      Intersegment     
Total 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Fiscal Year 2023 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 426,976  
$ 
 83,119  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 510,095 
Direct subcontractor services and other direct costs . . . . . .   
 
 236,603  
 
 3,810  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 240,413 
Direct salaries and wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 54,377  
 
 35,538  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 89,915 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 135,996  
 
 43,771  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 179,767 
Other indirect costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 104,644  
 
 32,259  
 
 4,359  
 
 —  
 
 141,262 
EBITDA (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 32,103  
 
 11,525  
 
 (3,193) 
 
 —  
 
 40,435 
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 6  
 
 —  
 
 9,407  
 
 —  
 
 9,413 
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 15,176  
 
 1,255  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 16,431 
Segment profit (loss) before income tax expense . . . . . . . .   
  
 16,921  
 
 10,270  
 
 (12,600) 
 
 —  
 
 14,591 
Income tax (benefit) expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 4,250  
 
 2,580  
 
 (3,165) 
 
 —  
 
 3,665 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 12,671  
 
 7,690  
 
 (9,435) 
 
 —  
 
 10,926 
Segment assets (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 345,745  
 
 25,842  
 
 67,131  
 
 (23,130) 
 
 415,588 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
84 
 
 
 
 
Engineering  
Unallocated  
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
Energy 
     & Consulting     Corporate      Intersegment     
Total 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Fiscal Year 2022 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 357,460  
$ 
 71,678  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 —  
$ 
 429,138 
Direct subcontractor services and other direct costs . . . . . .   
 
 199,465  
 
 3,122  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 202,587 
Direct salaries and wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 52,179  
 
 30,793  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 82,972 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 105,816  
 
 37,763  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 143,579 
Other indirect costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 99,559  
 
 26,015  
 
 7,579  
 
 —  
 
 133,153 
EBITDA (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 6,973  
 
 11,877  
 
 (7,485) 
 
 —  
 
 11,365 
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 11  
  
 —  
 
 5,317  
 
 —  
 
 5,328 
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 16,507  
  
 982  
 
 —  
 
 —  
 
 17,489 
Segment profit (loss) before income tax expense . . . . . . . .   
  
 (9,544) 
  
 10,896  
 
 (12,804) 
  
 —  
  
 (11,452)
Income tax (benefit) expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (2,504) 
  
 2,858  
 
 (3,358) 
  
 —  
 
 (3,004)
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (7,041) 
  
 8,037  
 
 (9,444) 
  
 —  
  
 (8,448)
Segment assets (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 342,067  
  
 22,034  
 
 68,703  
  
 (23,130) 
  
 409,674 
 
(1) 
“EBITDA”, defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, is a non-GAAP financial measure.  
(2) 
Segment assets are presented net of intercompany receivables. 
 
The following tables provide information about disaggregated revenue by contract type, client type and 
geographical region:  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
2024 
 
     
Energy 
     
Engineering and 
Consulting 
    
Total 
 
     
(in thousands) 
Contract Type 
 
  
   
   
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
34,381  $ 
67,931  $ 
102,312 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
205,117   
19,676   
224,793 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
233,811   
4,882   
238,693 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
473,309  $ 
92,489  $ 
565,798 
 
 
  
   
   
Client Type 
 
  
   
   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
34,072  $ 
7,548  $ 
41,620 
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
182,079   
84,695   
266,774 
Utilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
257,158   
246   
257,404 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
473,309  $ 
92,489  $ 
565,798 
 
 
  
   
   
Geography (3) 
 
  
   
   
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 473,309  $ 
 92,489  $ 
 565,798 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
2023 
 
     
Energy 
     
Engineering and 
Consulting 
    
Total 
 
     
(in thousands) 
Contract Type 
 
  
   
   
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
35,582  $ 
63,530  $ 
99,112 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
199,040   
15,753   
214,793 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
192,354   
3,836   
196,190 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
426,976  $ 
83,119  $ 
510,095 
 
 
  
   
   
Client Type 
 
  
   
   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
31,162  $ 
5,866  $ 
37,028 
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
159,935   
76,972   
236,907 
Utilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
235,879   
281   
236,160 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
426,976  $ 
83,119  $ 
510,095 
 
 
  
   
   
Geography (3) 
 
  
   
   
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 426,976  $ 
 83,119  $ 
 510,095 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
2022 
 
     
Energy 
     
Engineering and 
Consulting 
    
Total 
 
     
(in thousands) 
Contract Type 
 
  
   
   
Time-and-materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
32,491  $ 
53,584  $ 
86,075 
Unit-based . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
180,509   
14,296   
194,805 
Fixed price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
144,460   
3,798   
148,258 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
357,460  $ 
71,678  $ 
429,138 
 
 
  
   
   
Client Type 
 
  
   
   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
29,782  $ 
5,566  $ 
35,348 
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
126,494   
65,969   
192,463 
Utilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
201,184   
143   
201,327 
Total (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
357,460  $ 
71,678  $ 
429,138 
 
 
  
   
   
Geography (3) 
 
  
   
   
Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 357,460  $ 
 71,678  $ 
 429,138 
 
(1) 
Amounts may not add to the totals due to rounding. 
(2) 
Includes the portion of revenue related to small business programs paid by the end user/customer. 
(3) 
Revenue from the Company’s foreign operations were immaterial for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022.  
 
The following sets forth the assets that are included in Unallocated Corporate as of December 27, 2024 and 
December 29, 2023. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Assets: 
   
   
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 74,158  $ 
 23,397 
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —   
 — 
Accounts receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (6,881)  
 (915)
Prepaid expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 2,765  
 
 1,399 
Intercompany receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 3,119,695  
 
 2,345,753 
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 2  
 2 
Other receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 40  
 
 880 
Equipment and leasehold improvements, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,051  
 
 1,299 
Investments in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 23,130  
 
 23,130 
ROU Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,149  
 1,389 
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,147  
 
 590 
Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 13,346  
 15,961 
 
 $ 
 3,229,602  $ 
 2,412,885 
 
Geographical Information 
Substantially all of the Company’s consolidated revenue was derived from its operations in the U.S.  
 
The Company operates through a network of offices spread across 22 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, the 
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and Canada. Revenues from the Company’s Puerto Rican and Canadian operations were 
not material for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022. 
Customer Concentration 
For fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company’s top 10 customers accounted for 51.3%, 52.7%, and 
54.6%, respectively, of the Company’s consolidated contract revenue. For fiscal year 2024, the Company had no 
individual customers that accounted for more than 10% of its consolidated contract revenue. For fiscal year 2023, the 
Company had no individual customers that accounted for more than 10% of its consolidated contract revenue. For fiscal 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
86 
year 2022, the Company derived 12.0% of its consolidated contract revenue from one customer, Los Angeles 
Department of Water and Power (“LADWP”). 
On a segment basis, the Company also had individual customers that accounted for more than 10% of its 
segment contract revenues. For fiscal year 2024, the Company derived 10.7% of its Energy segment revenues from one 
customer, Southern California Edison, and had no individual customers accounted for more than 10% of its Engineering 
and Consulting segment revenues. For fiscal year 2023, the Company derived 22.7% of its Energy segment revenues 
from two customers, LADWP and the Dormitory Authority State of New York (“DASNY”), and had no individual 
customers accounted for more than 10% of its Engineering and Consulting segment revenues. For fiscal year 2022, the 
Company derived 14.4% of its Energy segment revenues from one customer, LADWP, and had no individual customers 
that accounted for more than 10% of its Engineering and Consulting segment revenues.  
The Company’s largest clients are based in California and New York. In fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, 
services provided to clients in California accounted for 43.9%, 45.1%, and 41.7%, respectively, of the Company’s 
consolidated contract revenue, and services provided to clients in New York accounted for 23.6%, 24.7%, and 22.8%, 
respectively, of the Company’s consolidated contract revenue. 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
87 
10. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
Stock Incentive Plans 
 
2006 Stock Incentive Plan 
In June 2006, the Company’s board of directors adopted the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (“2006 Plan”) and it 
received stockholder approval. The Company re-submitted the 2006 Plan to its stockholders for post-IPO approval at the 
2007 annual meeting of the stockholders and it was approved. After the Company’s shareholders approved the 2008 Plan 
(as defined below) in June 2008, no additional awards were granted under the 2006 Plan. The 2006 Plan had 300,000 
shares of common stock reserved for issuance to the Company’s directors, executives, officers, employees, consultants 
and advisors. Approximately 182,735 shares that were available for award grant purposes under the 2006 Plan became 
available for grant under the 2008 Plan following shareholder approval of the 2008 Plan. Options granted under the 2006 
Plan could be “non-statutory stock options” which expired no more than 10 years from the date of grant or “incentive 
stock options” as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue 
Code”). Upon exercise of non-statutory stock options, the Company is generally entitled to a tax deduction on the 
exercise of the option for an amount equal to the excess over the exercise price of the fair market value of the shares at 
the date of exercise. The Company is generally not entitled to any tax deduction on the exercise of an incentive stock 
option. The 2006 Plan terminated in June 2016 and, as of December 27, 2024, there were no outstanding stock options 
under the 2006 Plan. 
Amended and Restated 2008 Performance Incentive Plan 
In March 2008, the Company’s board of directors adopted the 2008 Performance Incentive Plan (“2008 Plan”), 
and it received stockholder approval at the 2008 annual meeting of the stockholders in June 2008. The 2008 Plan was 
originally set to terminate on April 17, 2027 but received extensions at the 2019, 2022, 2023, and 2024 annual meetings 
of the stockholders. The 2008 Plan is currently scheduled to expire on April 14, 2034. The 2008 Plan initially had 
450,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance (not counting any shares originally available under the 2006 Plan 
that “poured over”.) At the 2010, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022, 2023, and 2024 annual meetings of the stockholders, 
the stockholders approved 350,000, 500,000, 500,000, 875,000, 955,000, 478,000, 750,000, and 675,000 share increases, 
respectively, to the 2008 Plan. The maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued or 
transferred pursuant to awards under the 2008 Plan can also be increased by any shares subject to stock options granted 
under the 2006 Plan and outstanding as of June 9, 2008 which expire, or for any reason are cancelled or terminated, after 
June 9, 2008 without being exercised. The 2008 Plan currently has 1,138,000 shares of common stock reserved for 
issuance. Awards authorized by the 2008 Plan include stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, stock 
bonuses, stock units, performance stock, and other share-based awards. No participant may be granted an option to 
purchase more than 300,000 shares in any fiscal year. Options generally may not be granted with exercise prices less 
than fair market value at the date of grant, with vesting provisions and contractual terms determined by the compensation 
committee of the board of directors on a grant-by-grant basis, subject to the minimum vesting provisions contained in the 
2008 Plan. Options granted under the 2008 Plan may be “nonqualified stock options” or “incentive stock options” as 
defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code. The maximum term of each option shall be 10 years. Upon 
exercise of nonqualified stock options, the Company is generally entitled to a tax deduction on the exercise of the option 
for an amount equal to the excess over the exercise price of the fair market value of the shares at the date of exercise. 
The Company is generally not entitled to any tax deduction on the exercise of an incentive stock option. For awards 
other than stock options, the Company is generally entitled to a tax deduction at the time the award holder recognizes 
income with respect to the award equal to the amount of compensation income recognized by the award holder. Options 
and other awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the 2008 Plan) and the 
outstanding awards are not substituted or assumed in connection with the transaction.  
Through December 27, 2024, outstanding awards granted, net of forfeitures and exercises, under the 2008 Plan 
consisted of 24,000 shares of incentive stock options, 527,000 shares of nonqualified stock options, 146,000 shares of 
restricted stock awards, 70,000 shares of restricted stock units, and 168,000 shares of performance-based restricted stock 
units. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
88 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan 
Amended and Restated 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan 
The Company adopted its Amended and Restated 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) to allow 
eligible employees the right to purchase shares of common stock, at semi-annual intervals, with their accumulated 
payroll deductions. The ESPP received stockholder approval in June 2006. The Company re-submitted the ESPP to its 
stockholders for post-IPO approval at the 2007 annual stockholders’ meeting where approval was obtained. The ESPP 
initially had 300,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance. At the 2017 and 2023 annual meeting of the 
stockholders, the stockholders approved an 825,000 and 800,000 share increase to the ESPP, respectively. A total of 
1,925,000 shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance under the ESPP. 
The ESPP has semi-annual periods beginning on each January 1 and ending on each June 30 and beginning on 
each July 1 and ending on each December 31. The first offering period commenced on February 10, 2007 and ended on 
June 30, 2007. Participants make contributions under the ESPP only by means of payroll deductions each payroll period. 
The rate of payroll contributions elected by a Participant may not be less than one percent (1%) nor more than ten 
percent (10%) of the Participant’s Earnings for each payroll period, and only whole percentages may be elected. The 
accumulated contributions are applied to the purchase of shares. Shares are purchased under the ESPP on, or as soon as 
practicable after, the last day of the offering period. The purchase price per share equals 85% of the fair market value of 
a share on the lesser price of the share on the first day or last day of the offering period. The Company’s Amended and 
Restated 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan is a compensatory plan.  
As of December 27, 2024, there were 816,000 shares available for issuance under the ESPP. 
Stock-based Compensation Expense 
The compensation expense that has been recognized for stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSA”), 
restricted stock units (“RSU”), performance-based restricted stock units (“PBRSU”), and ESPP issued under these plans 
was $7.4 million, $5.3 million, and $8.4 million for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. 
 
The Company did not have any unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options for 
fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022.  
The total unrecognized compensation expense related to RSAs was $2.3 million, $2.5 million, and $1.7 million, 
for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. That expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average 
period of 1.5 years. 
The total unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs was $1.4 million for fiscal year 2024. The 
Company did not have any unrecognized compensation related to RSUs for fiscal years 2023 and 2022. That expense is 
expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years. 
The total unrecognized compensation expense related to PBRSUs was $7.0 million, $5.2 million, and 
$4.0 million for the fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. That expense is expected to be recognized over a 
weighted-average period of 1.1 years. 
There were no options granted that were immediately vested during the fiscal years 2024, 2023, or 2022. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
89 
Summary of Stock Option Activity 
A summary of option activity under the 2006 Plan and 2008 Plan as of December 27, 2024 and changes during 
the fiscal years ended December 27, 2024, December 29, 2023, and December 30, 2022 is presented below. The intrinsic 
value of the fully-vested options is $8.1 million based on the Company’s closing stock price of $38.41 and the weighted 
average exercise price of outstanding options on December 27, 2024. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Weighted-   
 
 
 
 Weighted-  
Average 
  
 
 
 
 
Average 
 
Remaining   
 
 
 
 
Exercise 
 Contractual   
 
     
Options 
     
Price 
     
Term 
  
 
 
(in thousands) 
  
 
 
(in years) 
 
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 787  $  20.64   
 2.70  
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —  
 
 —   
 —  
Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (221) 
 12.50  
 —  
Forfeited or expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (15) 
 
 26.26   
 —  
Outstanding at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 551  $  23.75  
 2.30  
Vested and expected to vest at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 551  $  23.75  
 2.30  
Exercisable at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 551  $  23.75  
 2.30  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Weighted-  
 
 
 
 Weighted-  
Average 
  
 
 
 
 
Average 
 
Remaining   
 
 
 
 
Exercise 
 Contractual   
 
     
Options 
     
Price 
     
Term 
  
 
 
(in thousands) 
  
 
 
(in years) 
 
Outstanding at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 816  $  20.38   
 3.68  
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —  
 
 —   
 —  
Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (19) 
 9.77  
 —  
Forfeited or expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (10) 
 
 19.05   
 —  
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 787  $  20.64  
 2.70  
Vested and expected to vest at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 787  $  20.64  
 2.70  
Exercisable at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 787  $  20.64  
 2.70  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Weighted-   
 
 
 
 Weighted-  
Average 
  
 
 
 
 
Average 
 
Remaining   
 
 
 
 
Exercise 
 Contractual   
 
     
Options 
     
Price 
     
Term 
  
 
 
(in thousands) 
  
 
 
(in years) 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 849  $  19.89   
 4.68  
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —  
 
 —   
 —  
Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (33) 
 8.12  
 —  
Forfeited or expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —  
 
 —   
 —  
Outstanding at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 816  $  20.38  
 3.68  
Vested and expected to vest at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 816  $  20.38  
 3.68  
Exercisable at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 816  $  20.38  
 3.68  
 
The Company did not have any unvested options, nor changes in nonvested options, during the fiscal years 
2024, 2023, and 2022.   
  
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
90 
Summary of Time-Based Restricted Stock Activity 
The Company’s time-based restricted stock is comprised of RSAs and RSUs.  
A summary of RSAs activity under the 2008 Plan as of December 27, 2024 is presented below: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Time-Based 
 
Weighted-Average   
 
    Restricted Stock Award     Grant Date Fair Value  
 
 
(in thousands) 
  
 
 
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 171  $ 
20.44   
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 45   
 32.58  
Vested  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (70)  
 21.60  
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 —  
Outstanding at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 146  $ 
 23.60  
 
 
  
 
Outstanding at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 135  $ 
34.07   
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 154   
 18.04  
Vested  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (114)  
 33.45  
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (4)  
 17.83  
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 171  $ 
 20.44  
 
 
  
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 110  $ 
38.30   
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 104   
 31.48  
Vested  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (74)  
 36.55  
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (5)  
 36.51  
Outstanding at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 135  $ 
 34.07  
  
  
 
A summary of RSUs activity under the 2008 Plan as of December 27, 2024 is presented below. The Company 
did not grant, nor have any RSU activity, prior to fiscal year 2024: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time-Based 
 
Weighted-Average 
 
     Restricted Stock Unit      Grant Date Fair Value 
 
 
(in thousands) 
 
 
 
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —  $ 
 — 
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 70   
 27.55 
Vested  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 — 
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 — 
Outstanding at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 70  $ 
 27.55 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
91 
Summary of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Activity 
A summary of performance-based restricted stock unit activity under the 2008 Plan as of December 27, 2024 is 
presented below: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance-Based  
Weighted-Average 
 
    Restricted Stock Unit    Grant Date Fair Value 
 
 
(in thousands) 
   
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 130  $ 
 22.88 
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 144   
 25.44 
Released . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (105)  
 31.60 
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 —   
 — 
Outstanding at December 27, 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 169  $ 
 19.59 
 
 
  
Outstanding at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 66  $ 
 27.93 
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 112   
 19.89 
Released . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (46)  
 22.84 
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (2)  
 21.67 
Outstanding at December 29, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 130  $ 
 22.88 
 
 
  
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 224  $ 
 31.31 
Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 186   
 38.82 
Released . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (278)  
 40.99 
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (66)  
 26.61 
Outstanding at December 30, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 66  $ 
 27.93 
 
Fair Value Valuation Assumptions 
Stock Option Grants 
The fair value of each option is calculated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model that uses 
assumptions of expected volatility, expected dividends, expected term in years, and a risk-free rate. Expected volatility is 
based upon historical volatility of “guideline companies” since the length of time the Company’s shares have been 
publicly traded is equal to the contractual term of the options. The expected term of the option, taking into account both 
the contractual term of the option and the effects of employees’ expected exercise and expected post-vesting termination 
behavior is estimated based upon the simplified method. Under this approach, the expected term is presumed to be the 
mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. The risk-free rate for periods within the 
contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.  
No options were granted during fiscal years 2024, 2023 or 2022.  
RSA, RSU and PBRSU Grants 
The Company’s time-based RSAs and RSUs are valued on the closing price of the Company’s common stock 
on the date of grant and vest over a three-year period. 
The Company’s performance-based restricted stock unit awards are valued on the closing price of the 
Company’s common stock on the date of grant and vest over a performance period. Under the Company’s PBRSU 
design, 50% of each award will vest based on the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA performance over a three-year 
performance period, and the remaining 50% of each award will vest based upon the Company’s adjusted diluted 
earnings per share performance over a three-year performance period, respectively. At the end of the full three-year 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
92 
vesting period for the grant, the number of PBRSUs that are earned based on the achievement of Adjusted EBITDA and 
Adjusted Diluted EPS is then multiplied by a percentage based on the Company’s Relative Total Shareholder Return for 
the three-year period.  
ESPP  
The fair value of ESPP purchase rights issued is calculated using the Black-Scholes valuation model that uses 
the assumptions noted in the following table. Purchase right under the ESPP are generally granted on either January 1 or 
July 1 of each year. The assumptions are as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
Weighted-average expected term (in years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
.5  
  
.5  
  
.5  
Risk-Free interest Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
5.1 %    
4.9 %    
1.4 %
Stock Price Volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
29.7 %    
29.9 %    
30.0 %
Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
0 %    
0 %    
0 %
Fair Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
25.22  
$ 
18.50  
$ 
31.11  
  
  
  
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
93 
11. INCOME TAXES 
The provision for income taxes is comprised of (1): 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Current federal taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 361  
$ 
 61  
$ 
 (1,224)
Current state taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,207  
 
 676  
 
 (73)
Current foreign taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 18  
 —  
 — 
Deferred federal taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,677  
 
 2,022  
 
 (1,519)
Deferred state taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 846  
 
 906  
 
 (188)
 
 
$ 
 4,109  
$ 
 3,665  
$ 
 (3,004)
 
(1) 
Revenue from the Company’s foreign operations was immaterial for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022.  
The provision for income taxes reconciles to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal tax rate of 
21% for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022 to the Company’s income before income taxes. The sources and tax effects of 
the differences for fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Computed “expected” federal income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 5,603  
$ 
 3,064  
$ 
 (2,405)
Permanent differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 52  
 
 194  
 
 24 
Nondeductible executive compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 600  
 121  
 711 
Stock options and disqualifying dispositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (910) 
 560  
 576 
Energy efficient building deduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (2,053) 
 (717) 
 (1,378)
Current and deferred state income tax expense, net of federal benefit . . . . .   
 
 1,694  
 
 1,250  
 
 (111)
Research and development tax credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (813) 
 (867) 
 (517)
Change in valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (85) 
 —  
 — 
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 21  
 
 60  
 
 96 
 
 
$ 
 4,109  
$ 
 3,665  
$ 
 (3,004)
  
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
94 
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the net deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are as follows: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 27, 
 
December 29, 
 
     
2024 
    
2023 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Deferred tax assets: 
 
  
   
Other accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 4,642  $ 
 2,907 
Federal and state net operating losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 11,451   
 15,890 
Lease liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 4,269   
 3,977 
Stock compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 1,509   
 1,214 
Capitalized research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 5,058   
 4,286 
Credit carryforwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 2,395   
 2,819 
Excess business interest limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 —   
 84 
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 212    
 432 
    Total deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 29,536    
 31,609 
  Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (1,106)   
 (1,191)
Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 28,430  $ 
 30,418 
Deferred tax liabilities: 
 
  
   
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 (2,899) $ 
 (2,960)
Fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (2,813)  
 (3,013)
Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (5,475)  
 (4,926)
Lease right-of-use assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (3,806)  
 (3,558)
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 
 (91)  
 — 
    Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  
 (15,084)   
 (14,457)
Net deferred tax asset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 13,346  $ 
 15,961 
 
As of December 27, 2024, the Company had federal and state operating loss carryovers of $32.7 million and 
$66.5 million, respectively. As of December 27, 2024, the Company had a federal tax credit carryforward of 
$2.4 million, and an immaterial amount of state tax credit carryforward. The federal net operating losses begin to expire 
in 2027. The majority of the state net operating loss carryovers will begin to expire in 2030. 
During each fiscal year, management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if 
sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize existing deferred tax assets. During fiscal year 2024, 
$0.1 million of the valuation allowance was released due to expected future utilization of deferred tax assets. 
As of December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, the Company’s liabilities related to uncertain tax positions 
were immaterial to the consolidated financial statements. The Company may be subject to examination by the Internal 
Revenue Service (“IRS”) for calendar years 2021 through 2024. The Company may also be subject to examination on 
certain state and local jurisdictions for the years 2020 through 2024. 
The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax 
expense. As of December 27, 2024 and December 29, 2023, the Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits. In 
addition, during the fiscal year 2024, the Company did not have any additions or reductions of unrecognized tax benefits. 
 
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
95 
12. EARNINGS PER SHARE (“EPS”) 
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average 
number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average 
number of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares for the period. Potential common shares 
include the weighted-average dilutive effects of outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards using the treasury 
stock method. 
The following table sets forth the number of weighted-average common shares outstanding used to compute 
basic and diluted EPS: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
    
2024 
     
2023 
     
2022 
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts) 
Net income (loss). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 22,570  $ 
 10,926  $ 
 (8,448)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 13,818    
 13,394    
 13,013 
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock awards . . . . . . .     
 427    
 212    
 — 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding-diluted . . . . . . . . . . .     
 14,245    
 13,606    
 13,013 
Earnings (Loss) per share: 
   
   
   
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 1.63  $ 
 0.82  $ 
 (0.65)
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 1.58  $ 
 0.80  $ 
 (0.65)
  
 
For the fiscal year 2024 and fiscal year 2023, the Company excluded 71,000 and 363,000 common shares 
subject to outstanding equity awards, respectively, from the calculation of diluted shares because their impact would 
have been anti-dilutive. For the fiscal year 2022, the Company reported a net loss, and accordingly, all outstanding 
equity awards have been excluded from such periods because including them would have been anti-dilutive. 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
96 
13. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS 
Acquisition of Enica Engineering, PLLC. 
 
On October 23, 2024, (the “Enica Closing Date”), the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, WES, 
acquired substantially all of the assets of Enica Engineering, PLLC. (“Enica”), pursuant to the terms of the Asset 
Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 23, 2024 (the “Enica Agreement”), by and among the Company, WES, 
Genesys, Enica, and Reed Berinato (“Berinato”) and Mark Prewett (“Prewett” and, together with Berinato, the “Enica 
Members”). Enica is an energy efficiency company that provides an array of services around energy projects, metering, 
and consulting services to help its customers drive energy efficiency, decarbonization, and energy reduction. Enica’s 
financial information is included within the Company’s Energy segment beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 
2024. The Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation related to this transaction by the end of the second 
quarter of fiscal year 2025. 
The Company agreed to pay (i) $12.0 million in cash on the Enica Closing Date (subject to holdbacks and 
adjustments) and (ii) up to $6.0 million in cash if Enica exceeds certain financial targets during the two years after the 
Enica Closing Date, as further described below (such potential payments of up to $6.0 million, being referred to as 
“Enica Earnout Payments” and $6.0 million in respect thereof, being referred to as the “Enica Maximum Earnout”); for a 
potential maximum purchase price of $18.0 million.  
The amount of the Enica Earnout Payments to be paid will be determined based on Enica’s earnings before 
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Enica’s EBITDA”). The Enica Members will receive Enica Earnout 
Payments in each of the two years after the Enica Closing Date (the “Earnout Period”) based on the amount by which 
Enica’s EBITDA exceeds certain targets. The amounts due to the Enica Members as Enica Earnout Payments will in no 
event, individually or in the aggregate, exceed the Enica Maximum Earnout. Enica Earnout Payments will be made in 
annual installments for each of the two years of the Enica Earnout Period. In addition, the Enica Earnout Payments will 
be subject to certain subordination provisions in favor of the lenders under the Company’s Credit Agreement. 
The Enica Agreement contains customary representations and warranties regarding the Company, WES, 
Genesys, Enica, and the Enica Members, indemnification provisions and other provisions customary for transactions of 
this nature.  
The Company used cash on hand to fund the initial purchase price on the Enica Closing Date.  
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805. Under ASC 805, the 
Company recorded the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at their estimated fair value with the excess allocated to 
goodwill. Goodwill represents the value the Company expects to achieve through the operational synergies, the 
expansion into new markets and the acquired company’s assembled work force. The Company estimates that the entire 
$9.8 million of goodwill resulting from the acquisition will be tax deductible. 
Preliminary consideration for the acquisition includes the following: 
 
 
 
 
 
     
Enica 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Cash consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 7,364 
Other working capital adjustments and holdbacks (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 4,847 
Contingent consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 4,060 
Total consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
 16,271 
 
(1) 
Of which $3.5 million is included within accrued liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and the remainder is 
included within accounts payable in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. 
  
  

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
97 
The following table summarizes the amounts for the acquired assets recorded at their estimated fair value as of 
the acquisition date: 
 
 
 
 
 
     
Enica 
 
 
(in thousands) 
Current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 2,358 
Non-current assets (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 69 
Right-of-use assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 652 
Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (658)
Lease liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (652)
Backlog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 576 
Customer relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 3,892 
Tradename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 187 
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 9,847 
Net assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  $ 
 16,271 
 
(1) 
Excluded from non-current assets are right-of-use assets, backlog, customer relationships, tradename, and goodwill. 
 
During the fiscal year 2024, the Company did not make any adjustments to the consideration paid for Enica, 
and as a result, there were no adjustments to the purchase price allocation for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2024.  
Acquisition related costs associated with Enica are included in other general and administrative expenses in the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income and were not material for the year ended December 27, 2024. 
The following unaudited pro forma financial information for the fiscal years ended December 27, 2024 and 
December 29, 2023 assumes that the acquisitions of substantially all of the assets of Enica occurred on the first day of 
the year prior to the year of acquisition: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 
 
     
2024 
     
2023 
 
 
(in thousands, except per share data) 
 
 
(Unaudited) 
Pro forma revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 573,835 
$ 
 518,521 
 
 
 
 
Pro forma income (loss) from operations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 33,633 
$ 
 24,079 
Pro forma net income (loss) (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 24,499 
$ 
 12,427 
 
 
 
 
Income (Loss) per share: 
 
 
 
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 1.77 
$ 
 0.93 
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
$ 
 1.72 
$ 
 0.91 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding: 
 
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 13,818 
 13,394 
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 14,245 
 13,606 
 
(1) 
Adjustments to pro forma net income include income from operations, amortization and interest expenses. 
 
This pro forma supplemental information does not purport to be indicative of what the Company’s operating 
results would have been had the acquisitions of substantially all of the assets of Enica occurred on the first day of the 
year prior to the year of acquisition and may not be indicative of future operating results. 
 
During fiscal year 2024, the acquisition of Enica contributed $1.8 million in revenue and $0.4 million of 
income from operations. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
98 
14. CONTINGENCIES 
Claims and Lawsuits 
The Company is subject to claims and lawsuits from time to time, including those alleging professional errors 
or omissions that arise in the ordinary course of business against firms that operate in the engineering and consulting 
professions. The Company carries professional liability insurance, subject to certain deductibles and policy limits, for 
such claims as they arise and may from time to time establish reserves for litigation that is considered probable of a loss. 
In accordance with accounting standards regarding loss contingencies, the Company accrues an undiscounted 
liability for those contingencies where the incurrence of a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, 
and discloses the amount accrued and an estimate of any reasonably possible loss in excess of the amount accrued, if 
such disclosure is necessary for the Company’s financial statements not to be misleading. The Company does not accrue 
liabilities when the likelihood that the liability has been incurred is probable but the amount cannot be reasonably 
estimated, or when the liability is believed to be only reasonably possible or remote. 
Because litigation outcomes are inherently unpredictable, the Company’s evaluation of legal proceedings often 
involves a series of complex assessments by management about future events and can rely heavily on estimates and 
assumptions. If the assessments indicate that loss contingencies that could be material to any one of the Company’s 
financial statements are not probable, but are reasonably possible, or are probable, but cannot be estimated, then the 
Company will disclose the nature of the loss contingencies, together with an estimate of the possible loss or a statement 
that such loss is not reasonably estimable. While the consequences of certain unresolved proceedings are not presently 
determinable, and a reasonable estimate of the probable and reasonably possible loss or range of loss in excess of 
amounts accrued for such proceedings cannot be made, an adverse outcome from such proceedings could have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s earnings in any given reporting period. However, in the opinion of the Company’s 
management, after consulting with legal counsel, and taking into account insurance coverage, the ultimate liability 
related to current outstanding claims and lawsuits is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
financial statements. 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
99 
15. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) 
The tables below reflect selected quarterly information for the fiscal years ended December 27, 2024 and 
December 29, 2023.   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Three Months Ended 
 
 March 29,   
June 28,  
 September 27,  December 27, 
 
     
2024 
     
2024 
     
2024 
     
2024 
 
 
(in thousands except per share amounts) 
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 122,489  $ 140,996  $  158,252  $  144,061 
Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 5,361    
 6,448    
 8,674    
 10,870 
Income tax expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 986    
 720    
 157    
 2,246 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 2,942    
 4,594    
 7,346    
 7,688 
Earnings (loss) per share: 
   
   
   
   
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
0.22   $ 
0.33   $ 
0.53   $ 
0.55  
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
0.21   $ 
0.33   $ 
0.51   $ 
0.53  
Weighted-average shares outstanding: 
   
   
   
   
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      13,605     13,725    
 13,930    
 14,012 
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      13,910     14,074    
 14,358    
 14,509 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Three Months Ended 
 
 March 31,   
June 30,  
 September 29,  December 29, 
 
     
2023 
    
2023 
    
2023 
     
2023 
 
 
(in thousands except per share amounts) 
Contract revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 102,603  $ 119,077  $  132,738  $  155,677 
Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 4,014    
 2,474    
 3,837    
 11,749 
Income tax expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 756    
 243    
 713    
 1,953 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 932    
 397    
 1,566    
 8,031 
Earnings (loss) per share: 
   
   
   
   
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
0.07   $
0.03   $ 
0.12   $ 
0.59  
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
0.07   $
0.03   $ 
0.11   $ 
0.58  
Weighted-average shares outstanding: 
   
   
   
   
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      13,266     13,344    
 13,462    
 13,503 
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      13,470     13,487    
 13,709    
 13,731 
  
 
 
 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
100 
16.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 
 
In accordance with ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events, the Company evaluates subsequent events up until the 
date the consolidated financial statements are issued.  
 
Alpha Inspections, Inc. 
 
On January 31, 2025 (the “Alpha Closing Date”), the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Willdan 
Engineering, Inc., acquired all of the capital stock of Alpha Inspections, Inc. (“Alpha”), pursuant to the terms of the 
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2025 (the “Alpha Stock Purchase Agreement”), by and among the 
Company, Willdan Engineering, Inc., and Jennifer Murphy as the sole shareholder of Alpha Inspections, Inc. 
(the “Alpha Member”).  
 
Pursuant to the terms of the Alpha Stock Purchase Agreement, the purchase price consisted of $12.0 million to 
be paid in cash on the Alpha Closing Date (subject to holdbacks and adjustments). The Alpha Stock Purchase Agreement 
contains customary representations and warranties regarding the Company, Willdan Engineering, Alpha, and the Alpha 
Member, indemnification provisions and other provisions customary for transactions of this nature. Pursuant to the terms 
of the Alpha Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company, and Willdan Engineering, provided guarantees to the Alpha 
Member which guarantee certain of Alpha’s obligations under the Alpha Stock Purchase Agreement. 
The Company used cash on hand to fund the purchase price.  
Alpha is a company that provides an array of municipal services including building inspections, and plan 
reviews. Alpha’s financial information will be included within the Engineering and Consulting segment beginning in the 
first quarter of fiscal year 2025 and the Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation related to this 
transaction by the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. 
 
Alternative Power Generation, Inc. 
 
On March 3, 2025 (the “APG Closing Date”), the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, WES, 
acquired all of the capital stock of Alternative Power Generation, Inc. (“APG”), pursuant to the terms of the Stock 
Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 3, 2025 (the “APG Stock Purchase Agreement”), by and among the Company, 
WES, and each of the stockholders of APG (the “APG Stockholders”).  
 
Pursuant to the terms of the APG Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to pay up to $43.5 million 
for the purchase of all the capital stock of APG, which purchase price consists of (i) $19.5 million in cash paid on the 
APG Closing Date (subject to holdbacks and adjustments), (ii) $6.0 million in shares of the Company’s common stock, 
based on the closing average price per share of the Company’s common stock for the twenty trading days preceding the 
APG Closing Date, and (iii) up to $18.0 million in cash if APG exceeds certain financial targets during the three years 
after the APG Closing Date, as more fully described below (such potential payments of up to $18.0 million being 
referred to as “APG Earnout Payments” and $18.0 million in respect thereof, being referred to as the “APG Maximum 
Payout”). 
The amount of the APG Earnout Payments to be paid will be determined based on APG’s earnings before 
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“APG EBITDA”). The APG Stockholders will receive APG Earnout 
Payments in each of the three years after the APG Closing Date (the “APG Earnout Period”) based on the amount by 
which APG EBITDA exceeds certain targets. The amounts due to the APG Stockholders as APG Earnout Payments will 
in no event, individually or in the aggregate, exceed the APG Maximum Payout. APG Earnout Payments will be made in 
annual installments for each of the three years of the APG Earnout Period. In addition, the APG Earnout Payments will 
be subject to certain subordination provisions in favor of the lenders under the Company’s Credit Agreement. 

WILLDAN GROUP, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued) 
101 
The APG Stock Purchase Agreement contains customary representations and warranties regarding the 
Company, WES, APG, and the APG Stockholders, indemnification provisions, and other provisions customary for 
transactions of this nature. 
The Company used cash on hand to fund the initial purchase price.  
APG provides innovative, progressive, and customized electric power solutions for EV charging, solar, AI data 
centers, microgrids, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and substations. APG offers consulting, design, engineering, 
procurement, and construction management. APG’s financial information will be included within the Energy segment 
beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025 and the Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation 
related to this transaction by the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. 
 
 
 

102 
ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 
There were no changes in and/or disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure during 
the fiscal year ended December 27, 2024. 
ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the 
Exchange Act, as controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by 
the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, 
within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without 
limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file 
or submit under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our 
President and Chief Executive Officer, Michael A. Bieber, and our Chief Financial Officer, Creighton K. Early, as 
appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 
In connection with the preparation of this Annual Report, an evaluation was performed under the supervision 
and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the 
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 27, 2024. Based on that evaluation, our Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, at a 
reasonable assurance level, as of December 27, 2024.  
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Internal control over 
financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting for 
external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Because of its 
inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to provide absolute assurance that a 
misstatement of our financial statements would be prevented or detected. Our management, with the participation of our 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 27, 2024. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated 
Framework (2013 Framework). Our management concluded that, as of December 27, 2024, our internal control over 
financial reporting was effective based on these criteria.  
As discussed in Note 13, “Business Combinations”, to our consolidated financial statements, we acquired Enica 
on October 23, 2024. As permitted by guidelines established by the SEC for newly acquired business, we excluded the 
acquisition from the scope of our assessment on internal controls over financial reporting for the fiscal year ended 
December 27, 2024. This acquisition contributed $3.1 million of total assets and $1.3 million of total liabilities, 
respectively, to our consolidated balance sheet as of December 27, 2024, and $1.8 million to our consolidated revenues 
for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2024. We are in the process of integrating this business into our overall internal 
controls over financial reporting process and plan to include our assessment of the business’ internal control over 
financial reporting within one year of the applicable acquisition date. 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Crowe LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the fiscal year 2024 consolidated 
financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness 
of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 27, 2024, which is included herein. 

103 
Changes in Internal Controls 
On October 23, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Enica. Prior to the acquisition, Enica was privately-held 
company and was not subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the rules and regulations of the SEC, or other 
corporate governance requirements applicable to public reporting companies. As part of our ongoing integration 
activities, we are continuing to incorporate our controls and procedures into Enica and, if needed, to augment our 
company-wide controls to reflect the risks that may be inherent in the acquisition of this privately-held company. 
Other than our integration of Enica, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting 
during the quarter ended December 27, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, 
our internal control over financial reporting. 
 
ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION 
Rule 10b5-1 
 
None. 
 
Because we are filing this Annual Report within four business days after the triggering event, we are making 
the following disclosure under this “Item 9B. Other Information” instead of filing a Current Report on Form 8-K under 
Item 1.01, Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement, and Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities. 
 
Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement 
 
On March 3, 2025 (the “APG Closing Date”), the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, WES, 
acquired all of the capital stock of Alternative Power Generation, Inc. (“APG”), pursuant to the terms of the Stock 
Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 3, 2025 (the “APG Stock Purchase Agreement”), by and among the Company, 
WES, and each of the stockholders of APG (the “APG Stockholders”).  
 
Pursuant to the terms of the APG Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to pay up to $43.5 million 
for the purchase of all the capital stock of APG, which purchase price consists of (i) $19.5 million in cash paid on the 
APG Closing Date (subject to holdbacks and adjustments), (ii) $6.0 million in shares of the Company’s common stock, 
based on the closing average price per share of the Company’s common stock for the twenty trading days preceding the 
APG Closing Date, and (iii) up to $18.0 million in cash if APG exceeds certain financial targets during the three years 
after the APG Closing Date, as more fully described below (such potential payments of up to $18.0 million being 
referred to as “APG Earnout Payments” and $18.0 million in respect thereof, being referred to as the “APG Maximum 
Payout”). The Company issued 176,524 shares of the Company’s common stock and the shares have not been registered 
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and were issued and sold in reliance upon the 
exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. 
The amount of the APG Earnout Payments to be paid will be determined based on APG’s earnings before 
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“APG EBITDA”). The APG Stockholders will receive APG Earnout 
Payments in each of the three years after the APG Closing Date (the “APG Earnout Period”) based on the amount by 
which APG EBITDA exceeds certain targets. The amounts due to the APG Stockholders as APG Earnout Payments will 
in no event, individually or in the aggregate, exceed the APG Maximum Payout. APG Earnout Payments will be made in 
annual installments for each of the three years of the APG Earnout Period. In addition, the APG Earnout Payments will 
be subject to certain subordination provisions in favor of the lenders under the Company’s Credit Agreement. 
The APG Stock Purchase Agreement contains customary representations and warranties regarding the 
Company, WES, APG, and the APG Stockholders, indemnification provisions, and other provisions customary for 
transactions of this nature. 
The Company used cash on hand to fund the initial purchase price.  

104 
APG provides innovative, progressive, and customized electric power solutions for EV charging, solar, AI data 
centers, microgrids, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and substations. APG offers consulting, design, engineering, 
procurement, and construction management. APG’s financial information will be included within the Energy segment 
beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025 and the Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation 
related to this transaction by the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. 
Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities. 
The information described in Item 1.01 above is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
ITEM 9C.  DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS 
 
None. 
 
 
 

105 
PART III 
 
ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for 
its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 
fiscal year. 
We have posted our Code of Ethical Conduct on our website, www.willdan.com, under the heading 
“Investors—Corporate Governance—Governance Documents.” The Code of Ethical Conduct applies to our Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Upon request and free of charge, we will provide any person with a copy 
of the Code of Ethical Conduct. See “Item 1. Business—Available Information.” To the extent required by rules adopted 
by the SEC and the Nasdaq Stock Market, we intend to promptly disclose future amendments to certain provisions of the 
code, or waivers of such provisions granted to executive officers and directors on our website at www.willdan.com under 
“Investors—Corporate Governance.” 
 
ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for 
its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 
fiscal year. 
ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS 
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for 
its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 
fiscal year. 
 
ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE 
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for 
its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 
fiscal year. 
 
ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES 
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for 
its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the Company’s 2024 
fiscal year. 
 
 

106 
PART IV 
ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 
(a)  The following documents are filed as part of this report: 
1. 
Financial Statements 
The financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this document are filed as part of this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K.  
2. 
Financial Statements Schedules 
All required schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the 
financial statements or the accompanying notes. 
3. 
Exhibits 
The exhibits filed as part of this annual report are listed in Item 15(b). 
(b)  Exhibits. 
The following exhibits are filed as a part of this report: 
 
  
Exhibit 
Number 
     
Exhibit Description 
3.1 First Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Willdan Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference 
to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006, as 
amended (File No. 333-136444)). 
3.2 Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Willdan Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 12, 2023).  
4.1 Specimen Stock Certificate for shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock (incorporated by reference to 
Willdan Group, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006, as 
amended (File No. 333-136444)). 
4.2* Description of Willdan Group, Inc.’s Capital Stock. 
4.3 The Company agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request a copy of each 
instrument with respect to issues of long-term debt of Willdan Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, the 
authorized principal amount of which does not exceed 10% of the consolidated assets of Willdan 
Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries. 
10.1 The Credit Agreement, dated as of September 29, 2023, by and among Willdan Group, Inc., as Borrower, 
the Guarantors (as defined therein), the Lenders (as defined therein), BMO Bank N.A., as Joint Lead 
Arranger and Administrative Agent and J.P. Morgan, as Joint Lead Arranger (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on October 5, 2023). 
10.2 The Security Agreement, dated as of September 29, 2023, by and among Willdan Group, Inc., as Borrower, 
the Debtors (as defined therein), and BMO Bank N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.2 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on October 5, 
2023). 
10.3† Form of Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (pre-2024) (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.15 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 10, 2023). 

107 
 
  
Exhibit 
Number 
     
Exhibit Description 
10.4† Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (pre-2024) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to 
Willdan Group, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 10, 2023). 
10.5† Form of Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.18 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 8, 2024). 
10.6† Form of Time Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to 
Willdan Group, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 8, 2024). 
10.7† Willdan Group, Inc. Amended and Restated 2008 Performance Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 14, 2024) 
10.8† Amended and Restated Willdan Group, Inc. 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.2 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 9, 2017). 
10.9† Form of Indemnification Agreement between Willdan Group, Inc. and its Directors and Officers 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with 
the SEC on June 13, 2016). 
10.10† Consulting Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2024, between Willdan Group, Inc. and Thomas D. Brisbin 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with 
the SEC on February 29, 2024).  
10.11† Employment Agreement, by and between Willdan Group, Inc. and Michael Bieber, dated 
November 13, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2024). 
10.12† Employment Agreement, by and between Willdan Group, Inc. and Creighton K. Early, dated 
November 13, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2024). 
10.13† Employment Agreement, by and between Willdan Group, Inc. and Micah Chen, dated November 13, 2024 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with 
the SEC on November 18, 2024). 
19.1* Insider Trading Policy. 
21.1* Subsidiaries of Willdan Group, Inc.  
23.1* Consent of Crowe LLP. 
24.1* Power of Attorney (included on signature page hereto). 
31.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 
31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 
32.1** Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as 
adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 
97 Policy Relating to Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 97 to Willdan Group, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 8, 2024). 
101.INS* Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File 
because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document). 
101.SCH* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 
101.CAL* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 
101.LAB* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

108 
 
  
Exhibit 
Number 
     
Exhibit Description 
101.PRE* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 
101.DEF* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 
104* Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) 
 
* 
Filed herewith. 
** 
Furnished herewith. 
‡ 
Portions of the referenced exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b) of Regulation S-K because it (i) is 
not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if publicly disclosed. 
 
† 
Indicates a management contract or compensating plan or arrangement. 
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY 
None.  
 
 

CORPORATE DIRECTORY
CORPORATE OFFICERS 
MICHAEL A. BIEBER 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
CREIGHTON K. EARLY 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 
MICAH H. CHEN 
Executive Vice President and General Counsel 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS 
THOMAS D. BRISBIN 
Chairman of the Board 
MICHAEL A. BIEBER 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
STEVEN A. COHEN 
Director 
CYNTHIA A. DOWNES 
Director 
DENNIS V. MCGINN 
Director 
WANDA K. REDER 
Director 
MOHAMMAD SHAHIDEHPOUR 
Director 
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTING FIRM 
CROWE LLP 
Los Angeles, CA 
TRANSFER AGENT 
COMPUTERSHARE INVESTOR SERVICES 
Canton, MA  
ANNUAL MEETING 
The annual meeting of stockholders will be held on 
June 12, 2025. 
INVESTOR RELATIONS 
Please direct inquiries to: 
ALBERT L. KASCHALK 
Vice President, Investor Relations 
ir@willdan.com 

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