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Young & Co.'s Brewery plc

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FY2021 Annual Report · Young & Co.'s Brewery plc
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Together at Young’s 
Together at Young’s 

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Annual Report  
for the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents

About Young’s

Strategic Report
04   Chairman’s statement
06   Young’s at a glance
08   Investing in our estate 
10   Chief executive’s review 
14   Our strategy and business model
16   How we performed 
18   Section 172(1) statement
24   Welcoming back all our teams
26   Principal risks and uncertainties
30   Our approach to ESG
37   Business and financial review

Corporate Governance
44   Chairman’s corporate governance statement
48   Board of directors
52   Corporate governance report
60   Audit committee report
66   Remuneration committee report
68   Directors’ report
74   Independent auditor’s report

Financial Statements
83   Group income statement
84   Group statement of comprehensive income
85   Balance sheets
86   Statements of cash flow
87   Group statement of changes in equity
88   Parent company statement of changes in equity
89   Notes to the financial statements

130  Five-year review

Shareholder Information
131  Notice of meeting
136  Explanatory notes to the notice of meeting
138  Senior personnel, committees, banks, advisers and others
138  Shareholder information

Young’s pubs and hotels 
are at the heart of our local 
communities in London  
and the south of England.  
With more than 200  
establishments, our award-
winning design approach 
means excellence in ambience 
as well as service and location. 
From poetic pubs steeped in 
history to secret underground 
cocktail bars, the character 
and individuality of each of 
our premises gives them a 
unique feel. Our pubs have 
style and soul, and the people 
who work with us have pride 
in our culture and passion 
for the work they do.

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Together at Young’s 
we look forward to 
the future with optimism.
The past year has been challenging for 
everybody. Lockdown has shown us all how 
important the Great British Pub is for so many 
people and local communities. 

We have been working hard to make sure 
Young’s is at its best as we reopen our doors and 
that we remain in a strong financial position to 
invest for the future. 

From all our teams we want to wish you a very 
warm welcome back to our pubs and hotels.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

01

 
The story of our year

“We were able to navigate our way 
through the pandemic, despite 
the last financial year being one 
of the most challenging in our  
189-year history.”

I am extremely proud of the way our teams have reacted to 
the extraordinary challenges that we have faced. The absolute 
professionalism of our pub managers and their teams has 
enhanced our reputation as a highly responsible pub operator 
and underlined the exceptional quality of the Young’s business.

Despite the many lockdowns and disruption to our business, 
the financing decisions taken during the summer allowed 
us to continue to make significant investments in our pubs, 
with some truly transformational projects. We expect to see 
excellent growth from this investment in our next financial year 
and beyond.

We are confident with the steps we have taken to ensure 
Young’s continues to be in a position of strength and there 
is potential for a strong recovery this summer.

Patrick Dardis
Chief Executive

Strategic Report

Results

Revenue  
(£m)

£90.6

2020: £311.6

Adjusted operating 
(loss)/profit (£m)1

£(34.0)

2020: £46.5

Operating  
(loss)/profit (£m)

Adjusted (loss)/profit 
before tax (£m)1

£(35.1)

2020: £37.9

£(44.1)

2020: £37.7

(Loss)/profit before  
tax (£m)

Net cash generated 
from operations (£m)

£(45.2)

2020: £29.1

£(23.0)

2020: £72.5

Adjusted basic (loss)/
earnings per share1

Basic (loss)/earnings 
per share

 (66.63)p

2020: 60.18p

 (68.23)p

2020: 39.37p

Dividend 
per share

–

2020: 10.57p

Net assets  
per share2

£11.04

2020: £12.05

All of the results above are from continuing operations.

1   Reference to an “adjusted” item means that item has been adjusted to exclude non-

underlying costs (see notes 10 and 11).

2   Net assets per share are the group’s net assets divided by the shares in issue at the 

period end.

02

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

April – June
After closing in March 2020, our pubs remained shut for the majority 
of the first four months of the period. It was great to see the individual 
acts of kindness across the estate, as our teams stepped up to help the 
most vulnerable in their communities, gifting food parcels to elderly 
neighbours and hospices, and delivering meals to NHS staff. 

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July
We took a cautious approach, deciding to reopen all our managed 
houses on 20 July. This allowed us to put in place all the necessary 
covid-19 safety protocols without compromising on the great Young’s 
experience. Our managers had time to retrain their teams, dust away 
any cobwebs and prepare our wonderful pubs ready to welcome back 
our loyal customers. 

August – October
We were open for business and the resilience of our customers truly 
amazed us as they flocked back in large numbers. The “Eat Out to Help 
Out” campaign helped drive midweek food sales in August, and despite 
social distancing restrictions, trading was encouraging. It was fantastic to 
welcome our customers back after months away. 

November – March
Following the second national lockdown all our pubs closed on 
5 November, and although we were able to open our doors again in 
December, trading was short-lived. Our pubs would remain closed until 
the end of the period. However, by the end of March we were gearing 
up ready to reopen a large number of our pubs in April. 

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

03

 
Strategic Report

Chairman’s statement 
We look forward to the future with optimism

£90.6m

Revenue

£88.4m

Equity proceeds

04

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

“In a year overshadowed by covid-19, I am immensely proud of everyone  
at Young’s who, together, have reacted so positively in such adverse 
trading conditions.”

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We have taken the necessary steps to ensure Young’s 
continues to be in a position of strength and able to take full 
advantage of the pub market as it returns to some level of 
normality. Our pubs have continued to be at the heart of their 
communities, and when allowed to open they were covid-19 
secure, providing a safe environment for our customers and 
teams. The absolute professionalism of our pub managers and 
their teams has enhanced our reputation as a highly responsible 
pub operator and underlined the exceptional quality of the 
Young’s business. 

I have been very proud of how Young’s provided significant 
support for our teams, suppliers, tenants and local communities 
during this difficult period. We are focussed on creating value 
for all our stakeholders and enhancing the communities where 
we operate. The board is currently devising a comprehensive 
ESG strategy and will update our stakeholders on our plans in 
due course. 

The extraordinary challenges posed by covid-19 meant that 
we needed to preserve and strengthen our capital position. 
The initial short-term measures included issuing £30.0 million in 
commercial paper under the Bank of England’s Covid Corporate 
Financing Facility, which was paid back in full on 13 May 2021, 
and securing an additional £20.0 million committed facility. 
Longer-term, we refinanced the £50.0 million term loan that was 
due to expire in March 2021, with a new longer-term five-year 
facility that takes us to 2025. This facility also has two one-year 
extension options that could take it out to 2027. 

In June 2020, we also raised additional gross funds of 
£88.4 million, through a share placing, highlighting at the 
time the need not only to improve liquidity, but also to ensure 
we were able to support our investment programme both in 
our existing estate and provide for opportune acquisitions. 
Our investment programme had previously been put on 
hold as part of our covid-19 related cash conservation plan. 
These actions have reinforced Young’s as a sound, resilient 
business, built on a firm financial footing with a balanced,  
well-invested and substantial estate of great pubs. 

Our long-standing strategy of operating a differentiated, 
premium, and well-invested pub estate remains unaltered. 
Young’s has been focussed on steering a measured long-term 
course through the current crisis. We have continued to invest 
in our pubs as a result of the financing decisions taken during 
the summer, investing £17.0 million in our managed estate, with 
some truly transformational projects, including at several of our 
iconic pubs such as the Windmill Hotel (Clapham), Oyster Shed 
(Bank) and the Green Man (Putney). We have also continued 
to invest in developing new pubs, completing two during the 
year: Enderby House (Greenwich) and Alban’s Well (St. Albans). 

Young’s is in a very strong position to capitalise on the truly 
exciting times that I hope lay ahead, with financial firepower to 
continue to upgrade our existing pubs and take advantage of 
attractive acquisition opportunities that may come to the market. 

On 12 April, we reopened 144 of our pubs, and the level of 
trade clearly demonstrates that the great British public has been 
yearning to get back to their local, which plays such a vital part 
in the lives of so many. We are looking forward to the further 
easing of restrictions so we can open our pub estate fully. 

In light of this year’s disruption to our business and the 
expected lower levels of trade for April, May and June, the 
board concluded that it was not appropriate to recommend 
payment of a final dividend for the financial year just ended. 
The board is very mindful of the importance of dividends to its 
shareholders and intends to resume dividend payments as soon 
as is appropriate. 

In September, Torquil Sligo-Young retired as an executive 
director, a role he held for 24 years. During this time, Torquil 
held several roles but will be particularly remembered for his 
great work developing our IT solutions. Happily, Torquil has 
accepted our invitation to remain on the board as a non-
executive director. In January, Trish Corzine stepped down as a 
non-executive director, having completed a second three-year 
term. She brought with her a wide-ranging knowledge and 
experience of the hospitality and leisure sector, having spent 
most of her career in the restaurant industry. Further, Roger 
Lambert will be retiring as a non-executive director at the end 
of July, shortly after this year’s AGM. Roger has been associated 
with Young’s for many years, initially as our corporate advisor 
with Cazenove and for the past 13 years as a non-executive 
director; his wise counsel has always been hugely appreciated.

I would also like to personally thank Patrick and his executive 
team of Mike, Simon and Tracy for their exemplary leadership 
through such unprecedented times. To have the entire estate 
closed for almost nine months but continue to maintain 
the spirit and momentum of the business has been a 
considerable achievement.

Stephen Goodyear
Chairman

19 May 2021

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

Young’s at a glance

From stunning riverside terraces to flower-filled garden huts, our collection of pubs have some 
of the best gardens in London and the south of England. Inside, our pubs have style and soul, 
and the people who work with us have pride in our culture and passion for the work they do.

1831

Established

4,185

Employees

273

Pubs

23.1

%

76.9

Managed

Tenanted

688

Hotel rooms

54

Burger Shacks

£773.7m

Valuation of our estate

£750.6m

£771.1m

£773.7m

2019

2020

2021

Pubs

Freehold* and leasehold

45

228

Freehold

Leasehold

* 

includes long leaseholds

Looking ahead to 2021

The Shack is back

Exciting summer of live sport

Year of the staycation

Our famous Burger Shack is back! With new 
branding, unique collaborations and our best 
of British seasonal ingredients offered at a 
record number of shacks from April. 

With the rearranged 2020 Euro’s football and 
Tokyo Olympics, alongside the Lions rugby 
tour of South Africa and Wimbledon tennis, it’s 
an electrifying line-up of live sport this summer. 

We are strongly positioned with our well-
invested hotel estate to serve the rise in 
popularity for staycations in London and the 
south of England. 

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Our locations

Since 1831, we’ve been running some of the best neighbourhood pubs, boutique 
hotels and city bars in London and the south of England. No two of our pubs are the 
same – they reflect the village vibes, suburb setting and city streets around them.

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Enfield
1

Haringey
0

Barnet
2

Harrow
0

Hillingdon
0

Ealing
5

Waltham
Forest
0

Redbridge
0

Brent
0

Camden
14

Islington

11 Hackney

3

City of
London
9

Tower
Hamlets
6

Newham
1

Hammersmith
& Fulham
11

Westminster
18
Kensington
& Chelsea
9
Wandsworth
35

Lambeth
13

Southwark
10

Greenwich
8

Lewisham
2

Bexley
0

Havering
0

Barking & 
Dagenham
0

Merton
6

Sutton
5

Croydon
2

Bromley
3

0-5

6-10

11-15

16-20

More than 20

Hounslow
2
Richmond upon 
Thames
18

Kingston
upon 
Thames
8

Greater London 202

South West
26

South East
45

Refurbishments and renovations

Enderby House, Greenwich

Windmill, Clapham

The Canford, Poole

Our project in Greenwich was recently 
finished, creating a magnificent, contemporary 
pub in a beautiful and historic building with 
views of the river.

This ever popular pub and hotel on Clapham 
Common has had a complete renovation of 
the trading space with a stunning new bar and 
dining space.

We have added a further ten beautiful 
boutique rooms, along with upgrading 
the garden, in this popular hotel down 
on the south coast, minutes away from 
stunning beaches.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

Investing in our estate 

Investing in our world-class pubs and hotels remains key to the success and long-term 
growth of our business. During the period we invested £17.0m in our managed estate, from 
acquisitions, to refurbishments of iconic favourites and adding new boutique bedrooms. 

Acquisitions

Alban’s Well,  
St Albans (right)
Recently opened, this stunning 
pub and kitchen in the heart of 
St Albans showcases a forward-
thinking approach to social dining 
with a focus on sustainable, local 
and simple dishes. A first for 
Young’s, we installed a wine wall 
showcasing the extensive range 
of wines we offer.

Major projects

Enderby House, 
Greenwich (right)
Our multi-million pound project 
nestled in the heart of Greenwich 
was completed in March, creating 
a magnificent, contemporary pub 
in a beautiful historic building 
with views of the river. Boasting a 
stunning terrace and an array of 
floors and feature rooms to host 
afternoon teas, private dining 
experiences, meetings and 
social meetups.

Windmill,  
Clapham (right)
This ever popular pub and hotel 
on Clapham Common has had 
a complete renovation of the 
trading space with a new bar, 
snug spaces, a beautiful garden 
dining room and additional 
external covers to accompany 
the revamped Burger Shack. 

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

The Grange, Ealing (above)
With a wonderful new 
conservatory refurb and a big 
upgrade to the garden, the 
Grange in Ealing is ready for 
the summer.

 
Major projects continued

Duke of Wellington, 
Notting Hill (below)
Sitting on the buzzing Portobello Road, 
the Duke of Wellington has undergone 
a major renovation including a beautiful 
new lounge with cosy seating and a 
‘Pie Room’ serving delicious home 
made pies.

Hotels

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Oyster Shed,  
City of London (left)
One of the City’s finest watering 
holes has been stunningly 
improved with a large mezzanine 
extension creating additional 
covers and private hire space.

Duke on the Green, 
Fulham (above)
Overlooking Parsons Green, this 
pub now boasts a superb new bar 
and eating area, complete with 
snug seating by the fire and a 
vibrant and light back room.

Park Hotel, 
Teddington (above)
We have created ten premium 
boutique bedrooms in the main 
building of our iconic pub and 
hotel in Teddington, ready for  
the staycation boom.

The Canford, Poole (above)
We have added a further ten 
beautiful boutique rooms, along 
with upgrading the garden in 
this popular hotel down on the 
south coast, minutes away from 
stunning beaches.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

Chief executive’s review 
A year like no other

£35.1m

Operating loss

£19.1m

Cash invested

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

“I am incredibly proud of the Young’s team, for all their hard work 
and the way they handled the challenges thrown at them over the 
course of the year.”

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The last financial year has been one of the toughest we have 
ever endured; our wonderful pubs spent many more days with 
their doors closed to our customers than open. Talk of like-for-
like sales and new pub openings took a backseat, replaced by 
national lockdowns, trading restrictions and curfews. Despite this, 
there is now a real sense of excitement and anticipation for 
the year to come. With all our pubs having reopened, albeit 
subject to operational restrictions for now, we are focussed on 
a strong recovery. 

The impact of covid-19 on our financial results has 
understandably been significant. With only just under four 
months of trading possible, total group revenue was down 
by 70.9% to £90.6 million, resulting in an operating loss of 
£35.1 million. Once adjusted for non-underlying items, the 
operating loss was £34.0 million. 

Our operators and support teams went through the immense 
task of closing and then reopening our pubs for three national 
lockdowns. During the enforced periods of closure, we were 
busy behind the scenes reviewing our cost base, investing in the 
estate and streamlining the business so that we returned stronger 
and can look forward with confidence.

Faced with a global pandemic and our pubs closed for the 
first time in my lifetime, we moved quickly last summer to 
strengthen our capital position. Longer term, we refinanced the 
£50.0 million term loan that was due to expire in March 2021, 
replacing it with a five-year facility that takes us up to 2025. 
This facility also has two one-year extension options that could 
take it out to 2027. Short term, we accessed £30.0 million from 
the Bank of England under the Covid Corporate Financing 
Facility (“CCFF”), which was paid back in full on 13 May, and 
we secured a further £20.0 million revolving credit facility. 

With one eye on the future, we then raised gross proceeds of 
£88.4 million through an equity issue of new shares in June. 
This allowed us to restart our investment programme, and it 
provided vital funding ahead of what turned out to be another 
lengthy period in lockdown.

Securing our long-term future and success also means creating 
value for all our stakeholders, ensuring that they are a key 
consideration in our decision-making process. We were pleased 
to provide extensive support to a number of our stakeholders 
during the pandemic, particularly all our fantastic teams. 
Going forwards, the group intends to set out an ESG strategy 
outlining the material risks and opportunities for Young’s and 
how we can play a positive role in the communities in which we 
operate. We believe that embracing this approach will contribute 
to the long-term success of our business.

For our managers and their teams in the pubs it has been a 
difficult period. The majority of time has been spent away from 
their businesses on furlough, but they have been fantastic in 
rising to the challenges thrown at them. Maintaining contact 
with our teams during these extended periods away from the 
business on furlough has been vitally important. We used various 
social media platforms and our ‘Keeping in touch’ Facebook 
group to provide our teams with regular updates on what has 
been going on at Young’s, with video content from heads of 
department and myself. Training sessions have also taken place 
online for teams to keep their skills up to date.

Going all the way back to last spring, many of our teams 
immersed themselves fully to help support those in their local 
communities most in need, through providing meals to frontline 
healthcare workers, donating food supplies or giving up their 
time to help nearby food banks. 

We were one of the first pub companies to confirm support for 
their tenants with rent holidays, as opposed to just rent deferrals, 
meaning they were rent free without the worry of having to pay 
this back in the future. 

Our customers are really important to us and their loyalty has 
never wavered. They flocked back initially after we reopened all 
our pubs on 20 July, which was followed by the success of “Eat 
Out to Help Out” where sales were in growth on the prior year. 
Despite the ever-changing restrictions that we faced, sales often 
reached 90% of the prior year up until the second lockdown 
in November. This gives us great confidence in our proposition 
and the potential for strong trading once all covid-19 operating 
restrictions are lifted.

We pride ourselves on operating a differentiated, premium and 
well-invested pub estate. Even in the desperately hard times 
we have found ourselves in recently, it has been important to 
continue the investment in our managed pubs, made possible by 
the financing decisions taken during the summer. Once the first 
lockdown was lifted in July, we were immediately back on-site at 
three projects that had been stopped in their tracks – the Green 
Man (Putney), Seagate Hotel (Appledore) and the City Gate 
(Exeter) – to ensure all were completed in time to capitalise on 
the summer trade. 

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

Chief executive’s review continued

After the summer, we resumed our capex programme with 
schemes at the Duke of Cambridge (Battersea), Duke on the 
Green (Fulham) and the Duke of Wellington (Notting Hill), 
bringing these fine traditional pubs back to the highest of 
Young’s premium standards. In March this year, we also invested 
in one of our most iconic pubs, transforming the bar and dining 
areas at the Windmill (Clapham), and added a further 87 covers 
at our City of London favourite, the Oyster Shed (Bank); both 
completed in time for the reopening on 12 April. Ahead of 
another busy staycation summer, we have continued to invest 
in our hotels. Creating 11 stylish boutique bedrooms at the 
Canford (Poole), investing in a further ten boutique bedrooms 
at the Park (Teddington) and transforming the bar and restaurant 
areas at the Bear (Esher), we are ready to capitalise on what will 
hopefully be a bumper British summer. 

More important than ever, this year has seen the value of 
desirable outside trading space that can be used throughout the 
year and not just during the summer months. Ahead of autumn, 
we invested £1.1 million in adding huts, stunning stretch tents 
and heaters in many more of our pubs, creating an environment 
that people could really enjoy, and for some customers the 
excitement of discovering our amazing gardens for the very 
first time. Further, whilst dining outside, our customers will 
now be able to order from our rejuvenated Burger Shacks. 
After breathing new life into the brand, we have launched a new 
menu with greater variety and unique ‘Shack Session’ beers. 

Understandably it has been quiet on the acquisition front and 
we ended the period with 273 pubs (2020: 276). On reopening 
this April, we launched in St Albans, a new territory for Young’s, 
with Alban’s Well, and extended our presence in Greenwich 
through the opening of Enderby House, an acquisition made 
in the previous year. Both pubs have undergone significant 
investment and showcase the finest essence of Young’s, with 
premium bar and dining areas and well thought out external 
trading space. I am particularly excited to see how these 
additions to the managed estate perform over the coming 
year. During the year, we also acquired a freehold property 
in the Cotswolds village of Stow-on-the-Wold where we already 
have the Bell Inn, a wonderful pub and hotel with 13 rooms. 
This additional property will, subject to planning, enable us to 
add further boutique bedrooms and car parking space in a 
highly desirable, premium location. 

During the year, three businesses transferred from our tenanted 
division – the Spread Eagle (Wandsworth), Ship Inn (East 
Grinstead) and the Royal Oak (Bethnal Green) – and all present 
fantastic future growth potential following investment. We are 
already on-site at the Spread Eagle, a freehold site, starting to 
build our new head office, back in the heart of Wandsworth, 
ready to move in during spring 2022.

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Current trading and outlook 
On 12 April, we were pleased to open 144 of our pubs for the 
much-anticipated reopening of the economy and phase two 
of the Government’s four-step plan. The pent-up demand was 
evident weeks in advance as bookings for our gardens, huts 
and newly created external space flooded in. Over the first five 
weeks, we saw very strong trading and achieved 85% of normal 
trade in those 144 pubs. 

Our remaining pubs and hotels reopened this week, along 
with thousands more pubs and restaurants that form the great 
hospitality sector, ready for the next important step towards 
normality. The key date for us is ‘freedom day’ on 21 June – 
the day that will truly make a difference. 

After the period end, we appointed Savills to explore the possible 
sale of the tenanted estate. There can be no certainty, however, 
that any sale will proceed. We also completed the freehold 
acquisition of the Greenwich Union, a pub located adjacent to 
our Richard the First. In the short-term, this provides additional 
external trading space for the summer months before we 
pursue a larger scheme to combine the internal trading areas, 
subject to planning. We continue to explore further acquisition 
opportunities that will enhance our estate.

There are many reasons to harbour optimism for the year ahead. 
Following a period during which everyone has found their 
opportunities for social interaction and celebration significantly 
lacking, we know there is going to be a huge pent-up demand 
for special events, whether it be big birthday bashes, weddings 
or Christmas parties. People have missed these major life events 
in which the pub plays a significant role, and we have missed 
hosting them. We will also benefit from our exciting acquisitions 
from last year, including the five pubs in and around southwest 
London and Surrey that we purchased late in March 2020 and 
which have not yet been able to trade fully for any real period 
of time. Additionally, there are the recent major developments 
which have not yet had the opportunity to perform such as the 
Dog and Fox (Wimbledon Village) and the investments in all 
the Redcomb pubs. This gives us great reason to look forward 
with optimism. 

We are confident with the steps taken to ensure Young’s 
continues to be in a position of strength. April has started 
better than planned, with future bookings also looking positive. 
There is potential for a good recovery this summer and we 
believe that our strategy of running a differentiated, premium 
and well-invested pub estate will underpin the future success 
of Young’s.

Patrick Dardis
Chief Executive

19 May 2021

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“There are many reasons to harbour 
optimism for the year ahead. 
Following a period during which 
everyone has found their opportunities 
for social interaction and celebration 
significantly lacking, we know there is 
going to be a huge pent-up demand.”

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Strategic Report

Our strategy 
How we grow

11   12  

We grow through investing in our estate 
We look to grow through a combination of investing in our 
existing pub estate, opportunity-led acquisitions and our people. 
Each year, on average, we reinvest about two-thirds of the 
cash we generate. Much goes back into our existing estate in 
the form of transformational developments and maintenance 
to the high standard our customers expect. In carrying out 
developments, we look to improve current trading area 
efficiencies and increase each pub’s trading space; the latter can 
see upper parts converted into accommodation, function rooms 
and rooftop bars; basements become cocktail bars and outdoor 
spaces turned into beautiful gardens with Burger Shacks.

7   11  

We invest in hand-picked acquisitions 
We also invest in hand-picked acquisitions, based in locations 
where we feel our style of operation will thrive, as well as 
benefitting the surrounding area. All acquisitions have to pass 
our strict internal investment criteria. Through our experience 
and expertise, we assess what we believe an acquisition can 
realistically achieve; what it may currently be doing is often 
less relevant.

Our business model 
How we create value

We run a predominantly 
freehold estate 
We believe freehold assets give us greater control and 
opportunities within our business, whether this is, for example, 
insulating us against potential rent increases or providing 
us with greater freedom to do up and improve our pubs. 
A predominantly freehold backed estate also enables us to 
negotiate better terms with lenders, whilst allowing us to also 
benefit from increases in property values.

7   11   12  

We focus on differentiated, 
premium, drink-led pubs  
Within our managed segment, we operate differentiated, 
premium, mostly drink-led pubs in London and southern 
England. Our locations are mainly in areas that have a high 
proportion of affluent and discerning customers derived through 
a mixture of residential, leisure and work where our premium 
product offerings are greater suited.

3   8  

Revenue mix 
Usually our revenue mix is 65% drink, 30% food and 5% 
accommodation. Although food is an important part of our 
offer, we run pubs, not restaurants, which can be more labour 
intensive. Our drink-led offer is supported by our locations which 
are often within walking distances of public transport links.

3   8   10  

We are a people business 
10   12   13  
We believe in investing in our people, nurturing our own talent, 
so they are able to continue to grow our businesses by surprising 
and delighting our customers.

Our individually-tailored development programmes allow people 
at every level in our business to explore opportunities and we 
encourage the entrepreneurial spirit that has ensured our place 
as industry leaders. Entrepreneurs can be a rare commodity in 
the hospitality industry and getting the right fit for both parties 
can be a challenge as well as time consuming and expensive. 
Promoting our internally developed talent pool therefore ensures 
our future leaders know who we are and what we stand for, 
giving us and our teams a head start in growing our business 
and increasing our productivity.

  3  

We run a small quality tenanted estate 
We also run a small quality tenanted estate which extends our 
reach into other geographical areas. Our tenanted estate allows 
us to work in partnership with engaging entrepreneurs to run 
sustainable businesses. Tenanted pubs are less labour intensive 
than managed houses, increase our buying power with suppliers 
and are cash generative. They also allow us to acquire freehold 
pubs with tenants in situ that we can service through our 
tenanted operation and, when the time is right for both parties, 
transfer these pubs into our managed estate.

4   8   13  

We use our combined buying power 
We use the combined buying power of our managed and 
tenanted estates to source the best products for the best prices 
from a small number of suppliers – we buy predominantly 
British produce, supporting the local communities we operate 
in. Although the suppliers we use stretch across the estate, our 
general managers are given the freedom and flexibility within 
guidelines to run the pubs to best fit and contribute to the 
communities in which they reside. This individuality is supported 
by the uniqueness of the pub designs which don’t follow a 
particular format or concept but have a welcoming, cosy theme 
to offer our customers that home-away-from-home feel. 

The circled numbers refer to Principal risks and uncertainties on pages 26 to 29.

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Together at Young’s with the Bruen-Guerrero family  
for Sunday lunch in the garden

John and Monica, along with their children Liam, Sean and Ane, 
and their family dog, Tiger, have missed the social aspect of 
visiting their local Young’s pub for Sunday lunch. 

The welcoming and friendly atmosphere make it the perfect 
place to bring the family, and enjoy our wonderful food 
and drink. 

“ We love feeling welcome and 
homely outside our home, 
celebrating special moments 
or talking to other guests.”

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Strategic Report

Key Performance Indicators

We measure the development, performance and position of our business against a number 
of key indicators. The reference to an “adjusted” item means that item has been adjusted to 
exclude non-underlying items. These alternative performance measures have been provided 
to help investors assess the group’s underlying performance.

Revenue £m
This is our total group revenue, 
including both our managed and 
tenanted business.

Like-for-like revenue %
This is our revenue movement for this 
period compared with the previous 
period for our managed pubs and hotels 
that traded throughout both periods.

RevPAR £
This is our revenue per available 
hotel bedroom; it is the average 
room rate achieved multiplied by 
the occupancy percentage. 

303.7

311.6

90.6

2019

2020

2021

5.1

-2.4

2019

2020

-72.1

2021

61.44

59.23

29.68

2019

2020

2021

Adjusted EBITDA £m
This is our earnings before interest, taxes, 
depreciation and amortisation adjusted 
to exclude any exceptional items for the 
group. (See notes 10 and 11).

Adjusted (loss)/profit before tax 
£m 
This is our (loss)/profit before tax on 
continuing operations only, adjusted to 
exclude any exceptional items for the 
group. (See notes 10 and 11).

Adjusted (loss)/earnings per 
share (p)
This is our adjusted (loss)/profit before tax, 
but after tax has been deducted, divided by 
the weighted average number of ordinary 
shares in issue. (See notes 11 and 16).

72.8

79.6

43.4

37.7

72.13

60.18

-0.3

2019

2020

2021

2019

2020

-44.1

2021

-66.63

2019

2020

2021

Gearing % 
This is our net debt divided by our net 
assets (expressed as a percentage).

Interest cover (times) 
This is our adjusted operating profit 
divided by our finance costs.

Recycling (tonnes)
This is the amount of waste we recycle 
and divert from landfill.

47.5

38.5

27.6

9.7

5.4

2019

2020

2021

2019

2020

-3.4

2021

7,403

7,458

4,351

2019

2020

2021

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Together at Young’s with Kate, Ben and Max  
We are all so excited to welcome back our guests

Our collection of 30 hotels are found across the south of 
England, from London to the idyllic coasts of Devon and Dorset. 
Whether it’s a country escape, a stay by the coast or a city break, 
there’s something to match every mood or occasion. 

By offering a mixture of traditional charm, character and 
fantastic hospitality, our hotels have the unique attraction 
of being within a traditional pub, complete with a range of 
award-winning drinks and superb food. 

“ Our hotel is at the heart of the 
local community. We have many 
regular guests and are looking 
forward to welcoming them back.”

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Strategic Report

How we have engaged  
with our stakeholders

The following describes how the directors 
have had regard to the matters set out in 
section 172(1)(a) to (f ) of the Companies 
Act 2006 when acting in the way they 
considered, in good faith, would be 
most likely to promote the success of the 
company for the benefit of its members 
as a whole. In line with guidance issued 
by the Financial Reporting Council, 
this statement concentrates on matters 
that are of strategic importance to the 
company. Where appropriate and to avoid 
duplication, the statement cross-refers to 
other sections within the annual report.
Principal stakeholder groups
The directors regard those listed below as the company’s 
principal stakeholder groups.

Set out in relation to each group is:

•  Why the directors believed it was important to engage 

with that group (the Why?)

•  The main methods used by the directors to engage with 
that group and to understand the issues that concerned 
that group (the How?)

• 

Information on the effect on the company’s decisions and 
strategies during the period as a result of issues raised by 
that group (the Outcomes and actions)

  Customers
  Our people
  Suppliers
  Investors
  Lenders
  Trustees of the final

salary pension
scheme  

  Ram Pub Company

Tenants 

Section 172(1) statement

  Customers

Why?
The company’s biggest source of revenue is from customers in 
the group’s managed houses (96.0% of total company revenue), 
with drink sales being 59.4% of managed house revenue, food 
being 37.5%, provision of accommodation being 2.9% and 
other income 0.2%. Lower revenue could lead to lower profits. 
A consumer’s decision to spend their money can be affected 
by a broad range of matters, all set against a background of 
consumer choice of where to go and what to do. See also 
principal risk/uncertainty 3 on page 27.

How?
See the Engagement with suppliers, customers and others in a 
business relationship with the company section within the directors’ 
report, starting on page 71.

Outcomes and actions
See the Engagement with suppliers, customers and others in a 
business relationship with the company section within the directors’ 
report, starting on page 71.

  Our people

Why?
The commitment, skills and experience of the people employed 
throughout the organisation (whether they are in the company’s 
pubs and hotels or at Riverside House) are integral to the 
company’s long-term success; amongst other things, all of 
them have a part to play in helping to continue to grow, and/
or support, the company’s business and in demonstrating the 
company’s values on a daily basis. They are a most prized 
asset and staff retention is therefore crucial. Consequently, it is 
important that the company is an ‘employer of choice’, provides 
an environment in which people are happy to work, supports the 
physical and mental wellbeing of its staff, and gives individuals 
the opportunity to develop. See also principal risk/uncertainty 10 
on page 28.

How?
See the Employee engagement section within the directors’ 
report, starting on page 69.

Outcomes and actions
See the Employee engagement section within the directors’ 
report, starting on page 69 and Furloughing of staff on page 21. 

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  Suppliers

  Lenders

Why?
The business relies, in the main, on a small number of suppliers 
to provide the company’s pubs and hotels with food and drink. 
The range, availability and quality of the products sourced 
is fundamental to the company’s reputation. To remain as a 
provider of a market-leading, competitive premium offering that 
new and existing customers would want to enjoy, it is important 
that the company partners with the right suppliers, and has 
good, strong and mutually beneficial business relationships with 
them. 80% of the company’s spend is with 7% of its suppliers. 
See also principal risk/uncertainties 4 and 8 on pages 27 and 28.

How?
See the Engagement with suppliers, customers and others in a 
business relationship with the company section within the directors’ 
report, starting on page 71.

Outcomes and actions
See the Engagement with suppliers, customers and others in a 
business relationship with the company section within the directors’ 
report, starting on page 71 and Extension of two key drink supply 
agreements on page 22.

Why?
Lenders are an additional important source of capital. As it 
does with its investors, the company looks to get buy-in from 
its lenders to the company’s strategy and business model. 
The intention is to develop supportive, long-term relationships. 
See also principal risk/uncertainty 7 on page 28.

How?
The chief financial officer regularly spoke with the company’s 
banks and noteholders. Further, as required under the terms of 
the company’s loan facilities, they received quarterly covenant 
compliance certificates.

Outcomes and actions
The company’s lenders remained supportive of the company’s 
strategy and business model. Discussions between them and 
the company focussed on the strengthening of the company’s 
liquidity position, the replacing of certain of the company’s 
financial covenant tests with an available liquidity test and the 
amendment or waiver of certain provisions in the company’s 
borrowing facilities, all as a result of the impact of the coronavirus 
pandemic. See also Liquidity position: strengthening on page 22.

  Investors

Why?
Continued access to capital is of vital importance to the long-term 
success of the company’s business. Via its engagement activities, 
the company strives to obtain investor buy-in to the company’s 
strategy of how to grow the business and the company’s 
business model setting out how value is created. The aim is to 
promote an investor base interested in a long-term holding in 
the company. See also principal risk/uncertainty 7 on page 28.

How?
See the Shareholder relations section within the corporate 
governance report, on page 59, for information on the 
company’s main methods of engagement with investors. 

Outcomes and actions
The company’s investors remained supportive of the company’s 
strategy and business model. See also Equity issue on page 23.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

19

 
Strategic Report

How we have engaged with our stakeholders 
Section 172(1) statement continued

 Trustees of the final salary pension scheme

 Ram Pub Company tenants

Why?
The Ram Pub Company tenants are the company’s second 
biggest source of revenue (3.6% of total company revenue). 
This revenue is derived from rents paid by the tenants (who 
lease or sublease pubs owned or leased by the company) and 
from company sales of drink to them; lower revenue could lead 
to lower profits. Albeit the tenants run the pubs for their own 
account, they are nevertheless associated with Young’s; their 
operations therefore reflect on the Young’s name and reputation. 
The Ram Pub Company helps increase the company’s buying 
power with suppliers, is cash generative and allows the company 
to acquire freehold pubs with tenants in situ pending their 
transfer to the managed estate when the time is right for the 
tenant to leave and for the company to take over.

How?
During the period, engagement with the tenants tended to be on 
an individual basis, with additional centralised communications 
coming out from time to time, largely concerning changes 
in trading restrictions brought about by tiered arrangements 
imposed as a result of the pandemic. Cyclical business reviews 
continued with tenants during the periods they were permitted 
to trade. In light of the pandemic, the company’s yearly forum 
(which historically has enabled the company and its tenants to 
share views and best practice) had to be cancelled. 

Outcomes and actions
Almost exclusively, the sole discussion topic with tenants 
concerned the survival of their businesses in light of the national 
lockdowns and the introduction of tiers and other restrictive 
trading arrangements. Throughout the periods of lockdown, the 
company provided varying degrees of rent holidays to the vast 
majority of its tenants. For December (when the second national 
lockdown had ended and tiered restrictions were in place), the 
company continued to provide a rent holiday to most of its 
tenants in recognition of the reduced governmental support 
on offer: a ‘one-off’ grant of £1,000 to compensate the tenants 
for the trading impact of the tiered restrictions in what was 
traditionally their busiest trading month. Throughout the period, 
the company assisted tenants to claim government grants, rates 
relief and credits for wasted beer. Together, these actions saw 
the estate remaining fully let and a tenant community that felt 
supported and ready to reopen once post-lockdown trading was 
permitted. In a couple of instances, the decision was taken to 
exit from the pub: this resulted in the sale of the Horse Pond Inn 
(Castle Cary) and the Grove House (Camberwell). The pandemic 
impacted on the development programme for the estate, with 
many intended investments having to be postponed until more 
certain trading conditions returned. However, the Rising Sun 
(Epsom) did reopen after a long period of closure, with a fresh 
new look and new tenants, and the Pig & Whistle (Wandsworth) 
underwent a kitchen investment whilst the pub remained closed.

Why?
The company operates a defined benefit pension scheme 
covering benefits payable to various current and former 
employees; the scheme was closed to new entrants in February 
2003. The scheme is a key company financial commitment 
as it needs to be funded to meet agreed benefit payments 
and regulatory pension funding requirements. The scheme’s 
trustee is Young’s Pension Trustees Ltd, a corporate trustee. 
The company recognises that the trustee and the company 
each has a vital role to play in the proper running of the 
scheme and that regular, clear and open communication and, 
where necessary, consultation is important in helping maintain 
a good working relationship between the company and the 
trustee. The company is party to all scheme deeds, undertaking 
responsibilities under the scheme’s trust deed and rules together 
with pension legislation and regulation, as required. See also 
principal risk/uncertainty 6 on page 27.

How?
During the period, the chief financial officer worked closely with 
the trustee. The chief financial officer attended meetings with the 
trustee and delivered presentations on the company’s business, 
thus keeping the trustee informed of the company’s financial 
position and of any plans that would change or impact upon 
the employer covenant supporting the scheme. In addition, 
the chief financial officer was invited to join scheme investment 
discussions. The chairman of the trustee is a director of the 
company and gave presentations to the company’s board on 
various aspects of the scheme.

Outcomes and actions
Discussions primarily focussed on funding, investment and 
employer covenant considerations, ensuring an integrated 
approach to risk management. Strategic scheme initiatives, 
such as the approach to liability management and minimising 
volatility, were discussed; these saw the trustee continuing 
with a carefully designed strategy to manage liabilities and 
underlying scheme risk, all against the background of the 
scheme’s continuing maturity. The company was consulted on 
a revised statement of investment principles (reflecting, in part, 
new regulations on stewardship and governance matters), which 
led to an updated statement being signed, and it was regularly 
updated on scheme funding, membership changes and other 
key details. Other legislative developments, such as the action 
to be taken as a result of the need for GMP equalisation, were 
progressed. The 2020 triennial actuarial valuation was signed 
off ahead of the statutory deadline (to provide greater certainty 
for the company, trustee and members on funding and security 
in the uncertain times caused by the pandemic). In light of the 
ongoing impact of the pandemic, the trustee chose to defer its 
request for a discretionary increase for the year starting 1 April 
2021. Overall, as a result of the company’s engagement and 
the proactive appropriate stewardship of the trustee, stable 
contributions continued to be paid to the scheme (as has been 
the case for many years) and the company benefitted from 
funding savings resulting from liability management initiatives.

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Principal decisions
For the purposes of this statement, the directors regard their 
principal decisions as not only those that are material to the 
group, but also those that are significant to any of the company’s 
principal stakeholder groups. Set out below are the principal 
decisions made by the directors during the period; implicit in 
making these was the desirability to maintain a reputation for 
high standards of business conduct and the need to act fairly 
as between members of the company.

Consequences of the coronavirus pandemic
In addition to what is set out in this statement, the strategic report 
(on pages 1 to 42) and the Employee engagement section within 
the directors’ report, starting on page 69, provide further detail 
on various decisions and actions taken by the company in light 
of the pandemic.

Approval of capital and revenue budget for 
FY2021/22
The capital and revenue budget for FY2021/22 was approved 
by the board in March. In doing this, the board acknowledged 
that the business remained in uncertain times despite the 
Government’s roadmap to the easing of lockdown restrictions 
and that the business would face a considerable number 
of unknowns as and when it reopens and could be readily 
impacted by, amongst other things, consumer confidence and 
a significant reduction in consumer spend. Subject to that, 
and in the expectation that business will eventually return to 
‘normal’, the board believed that the company’s premium 
offering would remain attractive to existing customers and act as 
a draw to new ones, the company’s business model would allow 
the company to continue to invest in its people and pay them 
appropriately, and that capital would continue to be available 
to enable selected hand-picked complementary acquisitions to 
be made. The company’s plans, underpinning the budget, are 
demanding but will position the company well against its longer-
term value creation vision whilst honouring its commitments to 
its stakeholders.

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Roger Lambert: deferral of retirement from 
office by one year; Ian McHoul: invited to serve 
a second three-year term; Trish Corzine: 
accepted her wish to step down at end of her 
second three-year term; and Torquil Sligo-
Young: invited to remain on the board as 
a non-executive director
In agreeing to defer Roger’s retirement from office by one year 
(to the end of July 2021), the board recognised the challenges 
then facing the company in light of covid-19, and felt it was 
important to retain on the board the additional strength, balance, 
financial acumen and capital markets experience he provided. 
With non-executive directors being typically expected to serve 
two three-year terms, Ian was invited to stay for a second term 
(through to 23 January 2024) and the board accepted Trish’s 
wish to step down (in January 2021). Rather than lose Torquil 
from the board (at the end of September 2020 when he  
wanted to step down from his executive role in the company) 
and miss out on the important family liaison role played by him, 
and possibly also be deprived of his chairmanship of the trustee 
company that manages the company’s final salary pension 
scheme, he was invited to stay on as a non-executive director. 
Implicit in the decisions relating to Roger, Ian and Torquil was 
the board’s belief that they were independent in character and 
judgement, made an effective and valuable contribution to the 
board, had demonstrated commitment to their roles and were 
able to give sufficient time to the company. Further, inherent  
in all four decisions was the balance between executive  
and non-executive directors, there being at least two 
independent non-executive directors, and the board having an 
appropriate number of members (with the right experience, 
knowledge, standards, skills, personal qualities and capabilities) 
for the company, its reputation and long-term strategy.

Furloughing of staff
The company chose, throughout the period, to access the 
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, principally with a view to 
keeping as many members of staff employed as possible in 
circumstances where their place of work had been ordered to be 
closed by the Government. As a result, HMRC reimbursed 80% 
of the basic pay, up to £2,500 per month, of those individuals 
who would otherwise have been laid off during the crisis. 
These individuals, known as ‘furloughed workers’, were kept on 
the group’s payroll but they stopped working. During the period, 
the vast majority of the group’s employees (including over 
4,500 weekly and monthly paid staff in the group’s pubs) were 
designated as furloughed workers at some time. Recognising that 
Young’s would be nothing without its people, the board agreed 
that the group would, on top of the monies received from the 
Government, fund the pay of all its furloughed workers whose 
annual basic salary was more than £37,500 so that they would 
continue to receive 80% of their normal pay. 

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

21

 
Strategic Report

How we have engaged with our stakeholders 
Section 172(1) statement continued

Extension of two key drink supply agreements
The drink supply arrangements with Marston’s were updated, 
partly reflecting the creation of Marston’s Beer Company 
Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Carlsberg Marston’s 
Brewing Company Limited, and the increased volume of drink 
supplied on a portered basis rather than wholesale. The new 
arrangement has an initial fixed term running until the end 
of May 2022; it is then terminable by either party giving not 
less than two years’ notice. It is also terminable early (including, 
during the initial term) in certain limited circumstances. The wine 
and spirits supply agreement with Berkmann Wine Cellars, 
originally entered into in 2016, was also extended; it now runs 
until the end of 2023 and is likewise terminable early in certain 
limited circumstances.

Interim dividend and final dividend in respect 
of FY2020/21
Paying dividends remains an important priority for the board: 
it helps demonstrate the company’s continuing ability to create 
and deliver long-term value for its shareholders. Despite this, the 
board decided in May 2020 that the company would not be 
paying an interim dividend for the period in light of, amongst 
other things, the then ongoing closure of the company’s pubs 
and the then expected lower levels of trade when they reopened. 
Given the extensive period of closure of the company’s pubs 
following further waves of the pandemic and the then expected 
lower levels of trade in April - June 2021, the board decided that 
the company would not be paying any dividend for the period. 
The board intends resuming dividend payments as soon as is 
appropriate, but no decisions have been made about when that 
will be. The company has, however, agreed with NatWest and its 
noteholders that any dividend payments during the company’s 
financial year that started on 30 March 2021 will not exceed 
£5.0 million in aggregate, but there is no restriction on the 
company recommending a final dividend with its results for that 
year, payable in the following financial year, as normal.

Liquidity position: strengthening
In the first quarter of the period, the company strengthened its 
liquidity position; this was to help secure the group’s business 
and was prompted by the outbreak of the pandemic and the 
ensuing forced closure of the group’s pub estate, which was then 
expected to have significant impact on the company’s revenue, 
balance sheet and plans. Amongst other things, the company:

•  successfully negotiated with its existing lender group to 
replace the company’s financial covenant tests at June, 
September and December 2020 and at March 2021 with 
an additional monthly £20.0 million available liquidity test 
through to and including June 2021, and also got agreement 
from that group to the waiver of any technical ‘cessation 
of business’ breach resulting from the group’s pubs being 
closed due to the coronavirus pandemic. By the end of the 
period, further waivers had been obtained and the lending 
group had agreed to extend the company’s monthly available 
liquidity test up to and including March 2022, with a 
headroom requirement of £25.0 million;

•  established a euro-commercial paper programme and 

issued £30.0 million in commercial paper (with a 364-day 
maturity date) under the Covid Corporate Financing Facility; 
the company repaid this amount from existing facilities in 
May 2021; 

•  entered into a new £50.0 million syndicated term loan facility 
with NatWest and HSBC; this five-year facility was drawn 
immediately to repay in full the £50.0 million syndicated 
facility with RBS and Barclays that was due to expire in 
March 2021;

•  entered into a new £20.0 million bilateral revolving credit 
facility with NatWest. This facility had an initial 12-month 
maturity, with the company having the option to request 
extensions of the maturity to make it an 18- or 24-month 
facility. The intention was to leave the facility undrawn and 
retain it as available liquidity to help the company meet the 
liquidity test referred to above. The facility has been extended 
for six months through to the end of November 2021; and

•  raised capital through an equity issue – see Equity issue on 

page 23.

As a result of these actions (and exclusive of the company’s 
£10.0 million overdraft with HSBC), the company has in place 
at the date of this report £255.0 million of committed available 
facilities (inclusive of the £25.0 million required to meet the 
available liquidity test referred to above). 

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Equity issue
In June, the company proceeded with a placing of new A shares 
and new non-voting shares. The purpose behind the fundraising 
was to provide the company with the financial flexibility to drive 
its continued success and faster growth, including allowing 
it to restart investments in its estate, strengthen its balance 
sheet and pursue opportunistic acquisitions. The placing was 
conducted through an accelerated bookbuild and involved a 
cashbox structure, something of which various City bodies were 
supportive in the extraordinary times created by the pandemic. 
To provide retail investors with an opportunity to participate in 
the equity fundraising alongside institutional investors, the board 
decided that the company should also offer new A shares on the 
PrimaryBid platform. The equity issue was completed successfully 
and saw the company raise gross proceeds of c. £88.4 million 
- this included c. £234,000 received from private subscriptions 
for new shares made by some of the company’s directors (and/
or persons closely associated with them). The shares issued 
represented in aggregate approximately 19.2 per cent of the 
total existing issued ordinary share capital of the company prior 
to the placing. 

Disposals of the Horse Pond Inn (Castle Cary) 
and the Grove House (Camberwell), and the 
surrender of the lease of the Surprise (Chelsea)
During the period, the company agreed to sell the Horse 
Pond Inn (Castle Cary) (for £375,000) and the Grove House 
(Camberwell) (for £1,175,000); the former completed during 
the period and the latter shortly after the period end. These were 
tenancies falling within the Ram Pub Company, and the disposals 
had no impact on any of the company’s work colleagues. 
The challenges facing these pubs meant that their sustainability 
was in question; as such, in each case a sale was considered 
the appropriate approach and consistent with the company’s 
strategy. The company chose to surrender, at the end of its term, 
the lease of the Surprise (Chelsea), a pub within the company’s 
managed estate. As a result, five members of staff were 
transferred to other pubs in the managed estate, seven members 
of staff were made redundant, and one member of staff 
resigned. The Surprise was only marginally profitable and the 
opportunity to have a ‘clean’ exit from the lease was compelling.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

Welcoming back all our teams 
who’ve kept us going and made us proud

While our pubs remained shut during each lockdown, we missed our friends and colleagues 
greatly. Nevertheless, we were able to maintain close contact and keep everyone up to date 
using the ‘Keeping in touch at Young’s’ Facebook page. Here are just a few of the many 
wonderful achievements over the past year.

Andrew and Lizzie at 
the Hand in Hand (right)
General manager Andrew, 
his deputy Christine and head 
chef Lizzie have been busy 
supporting the Riding for the 
Disabled Association. In addition 
to volunteering they helped raise 
funds to save the endangered 
stables in Teddington by hosting a 
marquee stocked with homemade 
pies at a local fete and running 
the virtual marathon in October. 

Anna at the Dolphin 
feeding local children (right)
Anna and the team supported 
their local community and by 
offering complimentary children’s 
packed lunches during the 
October half-term. 

Niamh from  
Riverside House (left)
Niamh from head office has 
volunteered as a crisis response 
volunteer at Imperial College 
Healthcare NHS Trust Charity, 
since last April. She has also 
been actively encouraging 
other members of the Young’s 
community to help with the 
vaccine rollout and other roles on 
the ‘Keeping in touch at Young’s’ 
Facebook page.

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Connal from the  
Dukes Head (above)
Connal at the Dukes Head Hotel 
in Wallington, helped support 
vulnerable local residents with 
freshly prepared meals.

Robert from the  
Waverly (above)
Robert gifted food and other 
supplies to a local children’s 
hospice, Chestnut Tree House, 
in Bognor Regis. 

Our chef Perry at  
Smith’s of Smithfield (below)
Perry graced the exterior walls 
of the Flannels store on Oxford 
Street as part of the incredible 
Made You Look project. This was 
a visual celebration of talented 
black chefs throughout the 
hospitality industry while also 
being an invitation to look beyond 
the portraits per se, to discover 
the fascinating stories behind 
each individual.

Vikki helping local  
people in crisis (right)
Vikki from the Park hotel in 
Teddington joined her daughter 
Hattie to collect donations for the 
Shoreham Food Bank to support 
the local community.

Mick and Sarah 
from the Alexandra 
(below right)

Proudly supporting  
our NHS heroes.

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Greyhound hotel in 
Carshalton offered 
accommodation to 
those in need (right)
The Greyhound hotel continued 
their long-standing support for 
the Royal Marsden Hospital 
by offering rooms to cancer 
patients while undergoing trial 
treatment during the second 
lockdown. This latest initiative 
built on a tradition of support 
that has included hosting 
summer fundraisers, quizzes, 
raffles, volunteering, and even 
a Christmas wishing tree in the 
Greyhound garden.

A minute’s silence  
with Marie Curie
On the first anniversary of the first 
UK lockdown, 23 March, many of 
our colleagues joined the Marie 
Curie charity’s initiative of lighting 
up their homes and holding a 
minute’s silence. Together, we 
reflected on our collective loss 
during the pandemic, celebrated 
the lives of the special people no 
longer with us, and focussed on 
the need to support those who 
have been bereaved.

“ Thank you…very much for the kindness. It is so 
appreciated and we can’t thank you both enough.”

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

Principal risks and uncertainties

The principal risks and uncertainties facing the group are listed below. It is not an exhaustive list 
of all significant risks and uncertainties; some may currently be unknown and others currently 
regarded as immaterial could turn out to be material. Further information on the group’s 
financial risk management objectives and policies are set out in note 25 starting on page 113.

Risk/uncertainty

Potential impact

Mitigation

Change 
in risk/ 
uncertainty

1.

d
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n

i

An example of this is the spread of a 
disease - recent and current experience 
has shown the potential for something like 
this to have far-reaching and unexpected 
consequences for our business. As the 
coronavirus pandemic has spread around 
the globe in the last 18 months, some 
of these consequences became apparent 
and resulted in a very material and 
unforeseeable impact on our business.

2. Our revenue is derived from our managed 
and tenanted pub estate. The Government 
has issued its roadmap to reopening 
the hospitality sector after lockdown 3: 
on 12 April, pubs with outdoor trading 
space were allowed to reopen; not earlier 
than 17 May, indoor trading will be 
allowed, and not earlier than 21 June, 
remaining trading restrictions will drop 
away. There remains an inherent risk 
with a potential delay in the timings of 
the roadmap, or indeed, social distancing 
restrictions remaining in place far longer 
than anticipated or planned. 

e
n

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a

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s
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l

b
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d
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t

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M

This will depend on the 
nature of the event, its 
impact and reach and 
the reaction to it by the 
Government, consumers, 
business and others.

For the actual impact on 
our business during the 
period of the spread of the 
coronavirus, see elsewhere 
within this strategic report.  

Whilst restrictive measures 
remain in place, we 
will have reduced 
revenue from our 
managed houses and 
tenancies. Delays in the 
Government’s roadmap 
could lead to further 
reduced revenues, 
resulting in lower-than-
expected profits. 

This will depend on the nature of the event, 
its impact and reach and the reaction to it 
by the Government, consumers, business 
and others. Examples of the risk/uncertainty 
that could flow from a major external event 
leading to widespread pub closures and/or 
a huge decline in demand, and therefore 
what we might possibly do to mitigate 
its effect, are set out below. The ongoing 
covid-19 pandemic has given us the 
experience to ensure we are better placed 
to combat any future major event resulting 
in widespread pub closures.

Our strong balance sheet and excellent 
teams enable our strategy of operating a 
diverse premium, well-invested pub estate 
– see 3 below – and allow us to rise to 
challenges thrown our way. As an example, 
the Government’s social distancing 
restrictions and reopening roadmap 
limited initial trading to outdoor space 
only. Therefore, ahead of the autumn, we 
introduced or added cabins, stunning stretch 
tents and heaters to many of our pubs, 
creating a safe and amazing environment 
for our customers to enjoy. This investment 
is and will continue to be supported by 
our enhanced Young’s on Tap app and 
improved customer booking journey, 
ensuring we are able to make the most of 
our available space. On 12 April, 144 of our 
pubs with outside space reopened; our plan 
is to have all our pubs open on 17 May. 
If there is a delay in the Government’s 
reopening roadmap or certain restrictions 
remain in place for longer, we will adapt our 
ways of operating, maximise the available 
trading space and ultimately seek to limit 
impact on profitability.

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Risk/uncertainty

Potential impact

Mitigation

d 3. Our revenue is largely dependent on 

A reduction in our revenue 
could result in lower profits. 

l

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consumer spending within our managed 
estate. A consumer’s decision to spend 
their money can be affected by a broad 
range of matters (including those set out in 
1, confidence in the economy, the weather, 
fears of terrorist activity and greater 
awareness of the potential adverse health 
consequences associated with alcohol) set 
against a choice of where to go and what 
to do.

Change 
in risk/ 
uncertainty

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Our pubs and hotels are mainly spread 
throughout London and southern 
England, with the majority inside the M25. 
Through them, we provide a hospitable 
and welcoming home from home, often 
at the heart of the local community. 
They benefit from customer-focussed 
designs, high service standards, quality food 
(including vegan and vegetarian options) 
and market-leading drinks (including non-
alcoholic options), all of which matter to the 
discerning consumer. By having a mix of 
excellent riverside, garden and city pubs 
and hotels, we seek to address the impact 
of seasonality and changes in consumers’ 
spending habits.

Fixed-price arrangements are in place with 
some of our food and drink suppliers. 
Regarding utilities, we continually 
look at ways of reducing our levels of 
consumption; we also regularly review our 
energy needs and price changes in the 
market, and, where appropriate, we make 
forward purchases. 

Increased wages may result in consumers 
having greater capacity to absorb increased 
prices, but any shortfall will need to be 
mitigated through greater labour and other 
efficiency gains. 

As regards rates, we retain the services of 
specialist rating consultants who review each 
and every rating assessment. Appeals are 
lodged on our behalf where the new 
assessments are deemed excessive. 

The defined benefit scheme was closed 
to new entrants in 2003 and we make 
additional contributions over and above 
regular service contributions to help address 
any funding deficit. We also maintain a close 
dialogue with the scheme’s trustee. To limit 
further the potential exposure, future 
service benefits accruing to remaining active 
members were reduced from April 2016, 
with member contributions being increased 
in tandem.

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l 4.

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i

A reduction in our revenue 
and/or an increase in our 
costs will have an impact 
on our margins and could 
result in lower profits. 

Various factors may result in the amount 
we pay for our key supplies (including 
food, drink, gas and electricity) and labour 
being increased. Following on from 
the Government’s introduction of the 
National Living Wage, the hourly rate was 
increased by 2.2% to £8.91 (from £8.72) 
with effect from 1 April 2021 (for those 
aged 23 and over), with annual stepped 
increases, announced each year, to follow. 
Increased costs could potentially make our 
offer less attractive to consumers if they are 
passed on. See also 13.

5.

The pub industry is subject to a variety of 
taxes, including business taxes, duty on 
alcoholic drinks and business rates.

6. We operate a defined benefit pension 
scheme that has to be funded to meet 
agreed benefit payments. The value of the 
scheme can be impacted by a variety of 
factors, including changes in life expectancy 
assumptions, lower than anticipated 
performances of the stock market and 
reduced bond yields. We also operate two 
defined contribution pension schemes that 
require minimum levels of contribution 
from the company set by the Government.

The introduction of new 
taxes and/or increases in 
the rates of existing taxes 
could result in lower profits. 

Variations in the difference 
in value between the assets 
of the defined benefit 
scheme and its liabilities 
may increase the amount 
we are required to pay into 
it in order to account for 
past service benefit deficits 
and future service benefit 
accruals. An increase in 
our contribution levels to 
the defined contribution 
schemes could result in 
lower profits.

Key to change in the risk/uncertainty level from the prior period

  Decrease 

  No change 

  Increase

 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Principal risks and uncertainties continued

Risk/uncertainty

Potential impact

Mitigation

Change 
in risk/ 
uncertainty

l 7. Our financial structure involves bank 

i

borrowings and senior secured notes due 
2039. The business therefore needs to 
generate sufficient cash to repay these 
debts with accrued interest. Interest rates 
are also subject to change. See also 12.

s 8. We rely on a number of key suppliers to 

provide our pubs and hotels with food 
and drink.

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Our ability to trade as a 
going concern depends 
on us generating 
sufficient cash to meet 
these repayments. 

Supply disruption could 
affect customer satisfaction, 
leading to a reduction in 
our revenue which could 
result in lower profits and 
growth rates.

The vast majority of the group’s debt profile 
is long-dated, facilities are committed, and 
debt is carefully managed within financial 
covenants. A mix of debt at fixed and 
variable interest rates is also maintained, 
with interest rate swaps used to assist in 
managing this exposure. 

Food and drink is sourced from a number 
of suppliers. Informal arrangements are 
also in place such that substitute suppliers 
or products could be used if required. 
Our offering provides an attractive showcase 
for food and drink suppliers - we therefore 
anticipate that new suppliers would be ready 
and willing to come on board relatively 
quickly should there be limited disruption 
of our food and drink supply chain. 
We regularly review our choice of suppliers. 

9. We, and particularly our managed estate, 

are reliant on information systems and 
technology for many aspects of our 
business, including communication, sales 
transaction recording, stock management, 
purchasing, accounting and reporting 
and many of our internal controls. 
Information systems can be at risk of failure 
due to technical issues and the growing 
threat of cyber-attacks.

Any failure of such systems 
or technology would 
cause some disruption, 
and any extended period 
of downtime, loss of 
backed up information 
or delay in recovering 
information could impact 
significantly on our ability 
to conduct business. 

Firewalls and anti-virus software are installed 
to protect our networks. Information is 
routinely backed up and arrangements 
are in place with a third party provider to 
assist with data recovery. An off-site disaster 
recovery facility is also available should any 
major incident occur at Riverside House or 
to our systems. The IT needs of the business 
are regularly monitored, and we invest in 
new technology and services as necessary.

10. We are dependent on having the right 

people throughout our organisation: at all 
our pubs and hotels and also at Riverside 
House. See also 13.

Our ability to achieve our 
strategic and operational 
objectives could be affected 
if we are unable to attract 
and retain the right people 
with the desired skillsets.  

11.

Part of our growth plan is based on 
acquiring and/or developing additional 
pubs and hotels/rooms.

If acquisitions do not take 
place and/or developments 
do not occur when 
planned, or at all, our 
desired future growth 
rate could be delayed 
or reduced. 

We look to recruit and retain the best talent. 
The remuneration and reward packages we 
offer are competitive and designed to retain 
and motivate staff. We have training and 
development programmes in place so that 
our people have the right skills to perform 
their jobs successfully and achieve their 
full potential. We also have an active and 
progressive internal training programme 
that is developing our own talent pool for 
the future.

We have relationships with a variety of third 
parties to ensure, as far as possible, that we 
are made aware of acquisition opportunities 
as and when they come up. We have 
provided a number of agents and landlords 
with details of our preferred site profiles. 

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Change 
in risk/ 
uncertainty

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Risk/uncertainty

Potential impact

Mitigation

n 12. We are required to meet a range of 

ever-increasing compliance, regulatory 
and health and safety obligations in the 
operation of our business.

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13. The UK’s new trade deal with the European 
Union (“EU”) still leads to a degree of 
uncertainty affecting the supply chain and 
labour market. 

A failure to comply with 
these obligations could 
damage our reputation, 
see us being fined, and, as 
regards health and safety, 
result in an accident or 
incident occurring involving 
injury, illness or even loss 
of life. All of these could 
possibly lead to a reduction 
in our revenue and lower 
growth rates. Increases in 
the cost of compliance 
could have an impact on 
our margins and result in 
lower profits.

The new trade deal could 
make it costlier for the UK 
to trade with the EU due to 
additional border controls 
and the potential delays 
this will cause. It could also 
become more difficult for 
UK businesses to hire from 
the EU. 

We carefully monitor legislative 
developments, and our training 
programmes, policies, processes, and audits 
are designed to promote and achieve 
compliance with our obligations. Health and 
safety audits are undertaken by a third 
party who also works with us to ensure 
changes in health and safety practices 
and procedures are incorporated into our 
business and reviewed on a regular basis. 
Insurance cover to help with any financial 
compensation that may be payable as a 
result of an accident or incident has been 
taken out. 

We are a UK business with a predominantly 
UK supplier base and fixed price 
arrangements in place across many of those 
relationships. Whilst we are confident there 
will be little or no impact on our supply 
chain, the ability to flex our food and drink 
offer on a daily basis will further mitigate 
any potential shortages. We are also an 
‘employer of choice’ with a strong track 
record of retaining talent. We also have 
an active and progressive internal training 
programme that is developing our own 
talent pool for the future; this is expected to 
help mitigate staffing issues should certain 
of the group’s EU staff be forced to leave 
the UK due to them not obtaining pre-
settled status or indefinite leave to remain 
status, albeit we are looking to support them 
to stay in the UK. See also 4 and 10. 

Key to change in the risk/uncertainty level from the prior period

  Decrease 

  No change 

  Increase

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

29

 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Building a more sustainable Young’s
Our approach to ESG

Custodians of our proud heritage: we are taking steps today to protect our planet and 
make a positive impact on those in our pub estate, supply chain and communities.

People
•  We focus on the wellbeing of our colleagues 
with comprehensive financial and mental 
health support.

•  Engage and empower our teams with regular 
communication and commitment to their 
career pathway.

•  We foster diversity and inclusion through our 

approach to appointments and training.

Community 
•  Play a positive role in our communities and 

give back where possible.

•  Celebrate the best of British and champion 
local suppliers throughout our menus.

•  We do our utmost to support our suppliers 

and be fair commercial partners.

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Environment
•  Aim to reduce, reuse and recycle our waste 

in the most sustainable way possible.

• 

Implement new emissions saving technologies 
across our estate.

•  Work closely throughout our supply chain 

to improve the environmental impact of our 
produce, from farm to fork.

People

As we welcome back our colleagues and customers, we are as passionate as ever to build 
on our long-standing commitments to our people, community and environment.  

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Health and wellbeing
Against the backdrop of the past year, the company’s long-
standing wellness project that puts physical, mental and financial 
wellbeing at its heart was tested, but effective. Key cornerstones 
of this initiative are the offer of fully-funded counselling at no cost 
to the employee and our partnership with Salary Finance which 
provides support in the form of loans, savings projects, and free 
financial support and advice. 

For a substantial portion of our year, and in keeping with the 
rules of the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, many of our 
team were on furlough pay which was based on 80% of their 
basic pay, without taking into account the tips and gratuities 
that boost their normal income. In recognising the impact of 
their reduced pay, we encouraged staff to use their holiday 
pay to boost their earnings as well as directing employees to 
the financial support available through Salary Finance and the 
Licensed Trade Charity, who provided financial grants of more 
than £4,500 to our team members during the period.

Having worked hard to build a team of mental health first aiders, 
mental health first aid champions and supporters across the 
business, we were able to understand and offer support to our 
teams remotely. With powerful communication channels, we 
were able to keep in touch with all our teams and signpost for 
help where and when it was most needed. Our fully-funded 
counselling at no cost to the employee continued, albeit using 
electronic means rather than in person. 

All employees, whether at work or on furlough, were 
encouraged to access mental health training provided by the 
Licensed Trade Charity. There were several employees who 
successfully completed the Level 2 Certificate in Understanding 
Mental Health First Aid and Mental Health Advocacy in 
the Workplace through the distance learning unit of Milton 
Keynes College.

Our social media channels echoed this support infrastructure, 
notably in the form of the closed Facebook page, Keeping in 
Touch at Young’s. This allowed us to feature regular videos from 
Patrick Dardis, share resources, engage in national initiatives such 
as clapping for the NHS, and circulate regular editions of our 
internal newsletter, the Ram Pages, which was tailored to reflect 
the fact that most team members were not working. 

“ Our people are, and always have 
been, our greatest asset. In the face 
of the unprecedented challenges 
posed during the last year, we 
continued and strengthened 
our commitment to our team 
of over 4,000.”

Together at Young’s... We continue to engage with our 
employees about their mental health through our Mental 
Health First Aiders scheme.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Strategic Report

People continued

4,185

employees
(2020: 5,145)

85%

of our general manager  
vacancies were filled internally
(2020: 72%)

Engagement and empowerment
Against the challenges heralded by temporary closure, we made 
great efforts to include all employees in the latest developments 
regarding the business throughout the year. In addition to the 
Keeping in Touch at Young’s Facebook page, regular team 
communications were shared via WhatsApp groups and “check 
in” calls from line managers to staff who were away from the 
business. Patrick Dardis also invited all general managers and 
employees based at Riverside House to attend an interactive 
presentation of the company’s results via Zoom and answered 
any questions that were submitted. During periods of normal 
operation, the Information and Consultation Committee met to 
provide a formalised communication cascade channel. 

Diversity and inclusion
As noted on page 70 of our corporate governance report 
and our separately published Gender Pay Gap Report, 
the importance of diversity, including gender balance, is 
acknowledged in making any appointment as well as employees’ 
subsequent training, career development and promotion. 
The board believes that all appointments should be merit-based 
against the selection criteria created for each role regardless 
of the applicants’ sex, race, ethnic origin, disability, sexual 
orientation, religion or belief, marital status or age. We were 
pleased to report that our furlough-adjusted mean gender pay 
gap of 10.9% remains substantially better than the national 
average of 15.5%. 

The board has always taken a strong interest in supporting all 
employees to fulfil their career ambitions. Our training and 
development programmes will continue to be the lynchpin 
of our business, supporting people as they progress on their 
career pathway, or enhancing their knowledge and personal 
understanding to be more confident in their role. We took the 
opportunity to refresh and evolve our internal development 
programmes so that we were able to continue training, even with 
the covid-19 restrictions in place.

Our pro-active flexible working policy and use of the furlough 
scheme allowed us to retain and support employees to manage 
the impact of covid-19 on childcare, shielding and normal 
work arrangements.

Our commitment to diversity and inclusion starts on our 
induction programme and is a key element of the manager 
training course. During the year, we were immensely proud of 
Perry from Smith’s of Smithfield who featured in the Made You 
Look project, a visual celebration of talented black chefs at all 
levels who work in the country’s best restaurants.

Together at Young’s... Our commitment to diversity and inclusion starts on our induction programme and is a key element 
of the manager training course. We were pleased to report that our furlough-adjusted mean gender pay gap of 10.9% remains 
substantially better than the national average of 15.5%. 

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Community

We care deeply about our customers and the communities in which they reside. 
Where possible, we look to maximise our positive externalities by supporting local 
charities and businesses. 

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Charity
At the start of the period, as detailed on page 3, our pubs rose to 
the challenge of supporting our communities by donating meals 
to individual charities, the NHS and other key workers, while 
doing our utmost to prevent the waste of perishables. Elsewhere, 
it was fantastic to be able to offer free accommodation to patients 
of the Royal Marsden NGS Foundation Trust who were receiving 
treatment during the second national lockdown.

This desire to give back to our community has long been integral 
to our identity. As the covid-19 pandemic resides, we look forward 
to once more engaging in myriad charitable initiatives focussed 
around our third month-long collective fundraising effort in 
October where we will stage a range of events across our pubs 
and Riverside House to support both local and national charities.

Customers
Looking after our customers lies at the heart of everything we 
do. Our focus on responsibly sourced, seasonal and local British 
produce lends itself to nutrient dense food that tastes delicious. 
One of our latest openings, Alban’s Well, exemplifies this with its 
championing of underutilised, ethically sourced, local, plant-based 
ingredients. Elsewhere, our enthusiastic adoption of more plant-
based options in our menus throughout our estate is embodied 
in our updated Burger Shack menu that includes the ‘Classic 
Plant’ burger patty, and vegan ‘CHKN katsu’ fillets. Likewise at 
the bar, while ensuring a diversity of choice that includes original 
recipes, we have undertaken robust initiatives to offer low and 
zero ABV spirits and beers as well as low and zero sugar soft 
drinks throughout our estate.

The stop-start nature of the last year drew into focus 
the wonderful role our pubs play within their respective 
communities. We take great pride in fulfilling our role as a key 
hub, whether it is hosting the local farmers market at the Red 
Barn in Blindley Heath or combatting loneliness through the 
Alexandra’s Meetup Mondays. Our team continued to play their 
part in the community during lockdown. For example, in an 
effort to keep engaging with the local community of quiz-going 
regulars, the Alexandra’s Mick hosted a weekly, free, interactive 
quiz using his personal Twitter account during the periods 
of lockdown. This soon grew to include national participants 
and reached far beyond his original audience of regulars who 
attended the weekly quiz at the pub.

All this was encapsulated in our short film, ‘A House is Not a 
Home’, which reaffirms pub culture as an integral part of British 
life with the messaging that pubs, like homes, are so much more 
than just bricks and mortar. Pubs unite people and communities 
and are where memories are made. Looking back on the last 
few years makes us as excited as ever to serve our communities 
once more.

Together at Young’s... Mick and Sarah from the 
Alexandra (Wimbledon) were proud recipients of the 
Merton Mayor’s award for their contribution to helping 
others during the pandemic.  

Suppliers
Despite our proud origins in the London Borough of 
Wandsworth, our geographical reach has grown, and with it our 
enthusiasm for local food and drink suppliers that celebrate the 
best of British wherever our pubs reside. Where appropriate, 
we fully encourage our pubs to explore their individuality and 
support local businesses, from nearby breweries and distilleries, 
to Paul Rhodes, our new artisan baked goods supplier in 
Greenwich, or our amazing heritage tomatoes sourced from 
Nutbourne Nurseries. 

The challenges posed by the past year have put an acute strain 
on the entire hospitality supply chain and – with this in mind – 
we are proud to have always done our best to ensure suppliers 
received payments in a timely manner for the wonderful 
produce they provide.

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Environment

The closure of many of our sites allowed us to reflect further on our impact on 
the environment. Looking back on our efforts in recent years we can see how 
far we have come in reducing average emissions and waste per site.

Reduce
In 2017, we eliminated all waste to landfill and have repeated 
this feat every year since. 

Elsewhere, as part of the exciting new developments listed on 
pages 8 and 9, we have adopted the use of waterless urinals. 
While eliminating odours and reducing costs, the crucial role of 
this newly adopted technology is the ability to save, on average, 
100,000 litres of waste water per urinal per year.

Reuse
Where it is not feasible to reduce waste, we have looked to reuse 
items throughout our supply chain. Building on our removal 
of plastic straws with biodegradable alternatives in 2018 and 
‘simply cups scheme’ in 2019, we looked to circumvent the 
practice of single use pint glasses in our gardens by purchasing 
stock of washable, shatter-proof substitutes that can be used up 
to 100 times. 

Recycle
In recent years, we have doubled down our efforts at recycling 
waste that can neither be reduced nor reused. From a base of 
48% in 2012, we have consistently recycled over 68% of our 
waste over the last four years. The impact of intermittent closures 
over the past year meant both overall collected waste and 
recycled waste volumes declined by over 40%, but we limited 
the percentage fall in waste recycled to 1.4%. We look forward 
to picking up where we left off, to educate and enact the best 
waste management system we can.

For many years now, we have been collaborating with our 
operational partner, Olleco, on the successful initiative of 
recycling used cooking fat for use in biofuel. Up until our 
covid-19 induced closure in March 2020, uptake improved 
every year to reach an annual total of 355,605 litres. 

Emissions
Together with our customers, we are passionate about reducing 
our emissions and have therefore signed up to be part of the 
Zero Carbon Forum (“ZCF”) in 2021. This will enable us to 
collaborate on best practice within the hospitality industry, from 
the identification of carbon intensive practices to producing a 
clear road map to zero emissions. 

We have a long tradition of carbon saving initiatives and energy 
efficiencies throughout our estate as detailed in our SECR 
disclosures starting on page 70. With every refurbishment, 
we implement energy saving technologies targeting scope 1 
and 2 emissions including, but not limited to:

•  our Building Management System which reduces human 

error in the control of our heating, cooling, lighting, 
refrigeration, and coffee machines; 

•  energy saving Envirostart and Eco Flo technology for our 

refrigeration and cooling equipment;

•  cellar management and Cheetah extraction systems aimed 
at reducing energy consumption in our cellars and kitchens 
respectively; and

•  all company car purchases for our pub teams and support 

functions mandated to be either hybrid or electric.

While ensuring all new investments adhere to the latest energy 
saving technologies, every year we survey several of our existing 
sites as part of ESOS (“Energy Saving Opportunity Scheme”) to 
identify areas of improvement in our pre-existing infrastructure. 

Going forward, we have ambitious plans to put yet more 
downward pressure on our scope 3 emissions, recognising both 
our influence and our wish to be consistent in all our activities. 
We are especially excited to trial the installation of the first of our 
EV charging points at pubs in the autumn, allowing customers 
to reliably charge their cars while enjoying their Sunday lunch 
or mid-week catch up with friends. 

Our locally sourced, fresh British produce naturally lends 
itself towards a lower transportation footprint and to high 
environmental standards. We have also worked closely with 
our supplier network this year to reduce the number of deliveries 
where possible. Whenever dealing with any new supplier we 
ensure that their commitment to the environment is in line with 
our values.

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8,430

tCO2e Emissions*
(2020: 16,974)

4,351 tonnes

Waste recycled
(2020: 7,458 tonnes)

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Produce
Lastly, we are excited to resume service of our famed, best in 
class, seasonal, British food and drink. It is no coincidence that 
ingredients produced in a sustainable way also tend to be the 
most delicious. In 2020, as part of our membership of the 
Sustainable Restaurant Association, we were awarded a best in 
class three-star rating. In the same year, it was also pleasing to 
see us nominated in two award categories: ‘Celebrate Local and 
Seasonal’ and ‘Source Fish Responsibly’ while also featuring in 
the top 20 of sustainable businesses in their ‘Food Made Good 
Business of the Year’ category.

In summary
The period of closure has allowed us to reflect on the many  
ESG initiatives we have in play at present, while exciting us to  
go further than ever before as we look forward to the year 
ahead. Together at Young’s, we care deeply about our 
communities, people and environment and look forward to 
giving back in the most sustainable and effective way possible. 
We cannot wait to serve you once more.

“Our locally sourced, fresh 
British produce naturally 
lends itself towards a lower 
transportation footprint and 
high environmental standards. 
We work closely with our 
suppliers to reduce the number 
of deliveries where possible  
and ensure they share our 
values and commitment  
to the environment.”

Together at Young’s... We champion underutilised, 
ethically sourced, local, plant based ingredients. Young’s 
have been recognised in the Sustainable Restaurant 
Association’s top 20 sustainable businesses. 

* 

total of scope 1 and scope 2 emissions

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Together at Young’s  
The Burger Shack is back!

The Shack is back with our newly developed menu of jaw-
dropping burgers, hot dogs, and sides across our many garden 
huts, tents and garden spaces. We believe in juicy patties, 
squidgy buns and chin-dribbling sauce, and that’s what you’ll 
get every time you bite into one. Our tasty new plant-based 
alternatives complement our menus to provide something for 
everyone. Bring on the napkins!

“ After breathing new life into the 
brand, we launched the new menu 
with greater variety and unique 
‘Shack Session’ beers.”

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Business and financial review

£87.0m

Managed revenue

£19.2m

Managed operating loss

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Managed houses
In one of the most unique years in our 189-year history, we 
began and ended the period with all our pubs closed to the 
public. Over the course of the year, there were only 17 full 
weeks of trade possible and for the majority of our managed 
houses they have remained shut since Christmas. As a result, 
total managed revenue is down by 70.9% to £87.0 million. 

After the necessary closure of our pubs in late March, it was not 
until 20 July, following a 16-week lockdown, when we decided 
to reopen and trade all our 205 managed houses, setting the 
tone that ‘Young’s was open for business’. The delay allowed 
us to put in place all the necessary covid-19 safety protocols 
without compromising on the great Young’s pub experience. 
Our managers had the time to thoroughly retrain our returning 
teams, dust away any cobwebs from the shuttered summer 
months and prepare our wonderful pubs ready to welcome 
back our loyal customers. 

After a slow start, customer confidence improved as the appetite 
grew to show support for their local. In August, we benefitted 
from the Government funded “Eat Out to Help Out” campaign, 
serving over 370,000 customers, which was a huge boost in 
driving footfall through the early midweek days, with diners 
attracted by the headline 50% discount. Food sales driven by 
the campaign traded ahead of the prior year on a like-for-like 
basis as our head chefs sought to entice customers to trade up 
with a wonderful selection of premium dishes such as ‘posh 
surf & turf’, rack of Dorset lamb and beef Wellington on offer 
to share. Supported by some glorious summer weather, we were 
able to make the most of our generous outdoor trading areas, 
and total sales for the month were at approximately 90% of last 
year on a like-for-like basis. 

From September, the Government introduced restrictions on 
group numbers, required full table service and face coverings 
to be worn by staff and customers, and imposed a 10pm 
curfew, all of which negatively affected trading to approximately 
80% of last year. However, as the weather started to turn 
heading into October, the introduction of Tier 2 status for 
London affected 80% of our managed estate and limited 
the mixing of households inside our pubs, forcing groups of 
friends to meet outdoors in order to socialise. Our previous 
investment in external trading spaces with fabulous gardens, 
unique huts and iconic themed tents was perfectly placed to 
help provide an attractive environment for our customers. 
Even with the heightened restrictions, the resilience and loyalty 
of our customers remained strong and sales during October 
performed ahead of our expectations at 73% of last year. 

On 5 November, all our pubs closed, initially for a four-week 
lockdown. Although they were allowed to reopen in December, 
trading was short-lived as the pandemic worsened and more 
pubs entered the Government’s higher tier status which left 
them unable to stay open. Unfortunately, there was no festive 
excitement and by the end of the year all our pubs had closed 
and remained so for the rest of the period. 

The costs incurred when shutting down and reopening our pubs 
cannot be underestimated. We faced staff costs as our teams 
returned to their pubs days in advance of opening the doors, 
unnecessary wastage of food and drink products unable to be 
sold or reused, as well as the time of management to ensure 
the process ran in an orderly fashion. Although we received 
support from the Government and worked hard to streamline 
our business during the first lockdown, it was the extensive 
periods of closure during the year that solely contributed to an 
operating loss of £19.2 million. When excluding our adjusting 
items, we recognised an adjusted operating loss of £18.6 million. 
Encouragingly, our managed operating margin was 16.1% 
for the August to October trading periods between the first 
two lockdowns.

Investment
We continue to place great value on the investment in our 
premium pubs, and despite the impact of the pandemic we have 
remained busy investing £17.0 million in our managed estate 
over the course of the year. 

In the first months of the period, we prioritised completing 
projects that were paused in March, thus ensuring they were 
able to open only a couple of weeks later than the rest of the 
estate. At the Green Man (Putney), a full refurbishment which 
added more than 50 new covers proved to be a big success with 
locals, whilst the investment in existing and new bedrooms at the 
Seagate Hotel (Appledore), City Gate (Exeter) and the Bear Hotel 
(Esher) increased our hotel room stock to 688, of which 356 are 
now boutique. 

Following a successful return to trading in the late summer, 
we kick-started the investment programme in our existing 
estate from September with projects at the Duke of Cambridge 
(Battersea), Duke of Wellington (Notting Hill) and the Duke 
on the Green (Fulham). These much-loved pubs, at the heart 
of their local communities, received a new lease of life as we 
restored traditional features in their bar and dining areas. 

Ahead of the winter period and in anticipation of further 
prolonged periods of restrictions on internal trading and 
social distancing, we accelerated our garden investment plans. 
We invested £1.1 million adding huts, new stretch tents, 
furniture and heaters. In order to capitalise on the short-term 

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Business and financial review continued

“ We invested £1.1 million adding cabins, new stretch tents, furniture and 
heaters ahead of winter and in anticipation of further prolonged periods 
of restrictions on internal trading and social distancing.”

requirement for additional external covers, we have been able 
to obtain temporary licences and/or convert car parking space 
to increase capacity, such as at the Oyster Shed (Bank) with 
an extra 120 covers along the riverside, and the Northcote 
(Clapham) where the temporary pedestrianisation of Northcote 
Road has been filled with tables outside the pub and has been 
a huge success. 

With all pubs closed in the final months and with one eye on 
further potential growth opportunities for the coming year, we 
kicked off additional pub investments in January. At the Windmill 
Hotel (Clapham Common), internal bar and dining areas were 
completely revamped, including a vibrant dining space and snug 
lounge spaces creating cosy new seating areas. Whilst at the 
Oyster Shed, a further 87 covers were created by extending the 
first-floor mezzanine; this will come into its own when we head 
into autumn. In total, we completed 16 major projects, including 
schemes at the Bear (Esher), Cock Tavern (Fulham), Crooked 
Billet (Wimbledon Common), Grange (Ealing), Park (Teddington) 
and the One Tun (Fitzrovia). 

It has been a quiet year for acquisitions, as we added just one 
new pub, Alban’s Well. The offer focusses on sharing plates and 
a delicious range of drinks featuring morning coffees, craft beers 
and signature cocktails – the perfect place for your all-day dining 
experience. Following its acquisition last year, we also completed 
one of our most stunning recent investments at Enderby House, 
nestled on the Greenwich Peninsula. It boasts an array of floors 
and feature rooms where you can choose between the ground 
floor pub or the stunning terrace for perfect views over the 
Thames. Later in the period, we completed the acquisition of 
a freehold building in Stow-on-the-Wold, which, subject to 
planning, will add further boutique bedrooms to the Bell Inn, 
a countryside getaway in the Cotswolds.

During the period, we transferred three businesses from 
our tenanted division. The Royal Oak (Bethnal Green) is an 
iconic pub that has continued to trade since its transfer; it has 
featured on the small and big screen, and is located just yards 
away from East London’s bustling Columbia Road Flower 
Market. The Spread Eagle (Wandsworth) and the Ship Inn (East 
Grinstead) have been closed pending planned investment in the 
coming year, with the Spread Eagle forming part of an exciting 
new boutique hotel and company head office development 
located in our heartland of Wandsworth.

Following our exit from the lease of the Surprise (Chelsea), 
we ended the period with 210 managed houses (including 
30 hotels), up from 207 at the end of the same period last year. 

Alongside the investment in our pubs, we are continually 
upgrading our technology to improve our offer and productivity. 
Our Young’s On Tap app, which we began developing five 
years ago, was further improved with added functionality 
allowing customers to browse menus, order food and drinks to 
their table, and split pay their bills. The covid-19 pandemic has 
accelerated changes in the great British pub and the customer 
journey. Although previously adopted at some pubs, customers 
are now greeted by a friendly host upon arrival, shown to their 
table and asked to log personal details for track and trace. 
To help reduce contact further, they are also invited to download 
the updated Young’s On Tap app which allows customers 
to view our menus and order a Young’s classic burger, or a 
daily chef special alongside a post dinner cocktail, all from their 
phones with delivery direct to their tables. Upon reopening, the 
usage of the Young’s On Tap app has increased, accounting 
for more than 40% of sales and provided another level to the 
premium pub experience. Our online reservation system has also 
been vitally important in the post-pandemic world, improving 
booking conversions and enabling us to maximise covers to help 
offset the downside from social distancing requirements. 

Ram Pub Company 
For our tenanted division, it has also been an extremely 
challenging period, with trading opportunities severely 
impacted by Government-imposed restrictions during the year. 
The closure of pubs has directly impacted on the level of beer 
sales but also the rental income as we have helped support 
our tenants through the pandemic. As a result, total revenue 
was £3.3 million, down from £12.1 million, resulting in an 
adjusted operating loss of £0.7 million, compared to an adjusted 
operating profit last year of £4.3 million. 

Back in the summer, we were one of the first pub companies 
to confirm support for their tenants, with a rent holiday period 
dating from 16 March until the point of reopening in early 
July. Once restrictions were lifted, most businesses returned to 
normalised rent levels, however a number required continued 
rent concession support due to the limited personal contact 
permitted inside hospitality venues and the lack of opportunities 
for wet led pubs with limited external trading space. 

Following the second lockdown in November, we supported the 
vast majority of our tenants with another rent holiday period, 
this time running until the end of the financial year. Unlike rent 
deferrals, this gave our tenants rent-free periods without the 
worry of paying this back in the future. As we work towards 
the full relaxation of restrictions this spring, we will continue to 
support them.

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“More important than ever, this 
year has seen the value of desirable 
outside trading space that can be 
used throughout the year and not 
just during the summer months.”

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Strategic Report

Business and financial review continued

“We pride ourselves on operating a premium, well-invested pub estate, 
and even in the desperately hard times we have found ourselves in recently, 
it has been important to continue the investment in our managed pubs, 
made possible by the financing decisions taken during the summer.”

Whilst all investment in the Ram Pub Company was put on hold 
during the first lockdown, we were able to complete projects at 
the Rising Sun (Epsom) and the Watermans Arms (Richmond). 
Even in these unprecedented times, continued investment 
remains vitally important to ensure our pubs are maintained to 
a high standard to attract and retain the right tenants. 

We continue to review our tenanted estate, exiting unfavourable 
leases and divesting freehold properties where we feel the pub’s 
sustainability is in question. During the period, we exercised the 
break clause on the lease of the Black Cat (Catford), decided not 
to renew an expired lease at the Greyhound (Hendon) and sold 
the freehold of the Horse Pond Inn (Castle Cary). During the 
period, we transferred the Spread Eagle (Wandsworth), Royal 
Oak (Bethnal Green) and Ship Inn (East Grinstead) to our 
managed houses, reducing the Ram Pub Company to an estate 
of 63 pubs (2020: 69). 

Other key areas 

Property
Our balance sheet strength is underpinned by our 
predominantly freehold estate in many highly desirable 
locations. 228 of our 273 pubs are freehold or are long 
leaseholds with peppercorn rents. Our total estate, including 
freehold and fixtures and fittings on leaseholds, is now valued 
at £773.7 million (2020: £771.1 million). The carrying value 
of property leases, including long leaseholds, is separately 
recognised as right-of-use assets in note 19. We have continued 
to add value through major developments to improve our 
existing pub values and hand-picked acquisitions, primarily 
focussing on freehold assets. 

Each year we revalue our pub estate to reflect current market 
values. Again, this year we have had to consider the ongoing 
implications of covid-19 following on from last year’s initial 
impact, combined with the reopening of the hospitality sector 
in line with the Government’s roadmap. Savills, an independent 
and leading commercial property adviser, has revalued all our 
freehold properties. The valuation method used several inputs 
of which the sustainable level of trade of each pub was key. 

In accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, 
individual increases in value have been reflected in the 
revaluation reserve in the balance sheet (except to the extent that 
they had previously been revalued downwards) and individual 
falls in value below depreciated cost have been accounted for 
through the income statement. None of these adjustments have 
a cash impact. 

Over the course of the last year there has been renewed 
optimism in the pub property market, reflected by increased 

activity and property prices at pre-covid-19 levels; as a 
result we have seen a net upward revaluation movement of 
£10.8 million. This is comprised of an upward movement 
of £9.0 million (2020: £9.3 million downward movement) 
reflected in the revaluation reserve and an upward movement 
of £1.8 million (2020: £5.3 million downward movement) 
recognised as an adjusting item in the income statement. 

Going concern and banking arrangements
There is now a clear pathway to the reopening of the hospitality 
sector. This, combined with the actions undertaken by Young’s 
during the period, provides the confidence that Young’s has 
sufficient liquidity to withstand any ongoing uncertainty that 
covid-19 brings to our business during the going concern 
period to June 2022, be that closure of pubs for an extended 
period, reduced trading hours, partial closure or general 
market disruption.

We have modelled a broad range of forecasts, with our base 
model assuming the continued reopening of our pubs and 
the further lifting of restrictions aligned to the Government’s 
roadmap. The more severe scenarios include a slower build 
of trade in the summer months, further long periods of forced 
closure and reduced trade through key trading periods such 
as December.

Early on in the period we strengthened both our short-term 
and long-term liquidity position. As regards the short term, 
we initially accessed liquidity available to us under HM Treasury 
and the Bank of England’s CCFF, issuing commercial paper 
with a nominal value of £30.0 million, and a maturity date of 
13 May 2021; this has now been repaid in full, with no further 
funding under the CCFF received. We also entered into a new 
£20.0 million revolving credit facility with NatWest. We do not 
intend to draw on this facility, but instead retain it as available 
liquidity to help us meet the monthly liquidity test referred to 
below. This facility had an original maturity date in May 2021, 
with two six-month extension periods available; we have now 
taken the first six-month extension, moving the facility to a 
maturity date in November 2021. So far as the long term is 
concerned, we entered into a new £50.0 million facility with 
NatWest and HSBC. This has an original maturity date falling in 
May 2025. We had the option this year to request an extension 
of the maturity date by a further year and to do the same the 
following year; however, this process has been moved to start 
next year given the current trading environment. We drew 
down on this facility and repaid in full the original March 2021 
£50.0 million facility with RBS and Barclays. Finally, in June 
2020, the group also completed an equity issue raising gross 
proceeds of £88.4 million in the period (see note 30).

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£17.0m

Managed house investment

£773.7m

Our estate value

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During the period, the group also considered the effects of its 
then latest forecasts on its compliance with bank covenants, 
which were due to be tested each quarter on a 12-month 
rolling basis. In anticipation of breaches due to the impact of the 
pandemic, the group agreed with its lenders in May 2020 that 
the financial covenants would be replaced by a monthly available 
liquidity test. These initial covenant waivers have now been 
extended until the quarter ending March 2022. The waivers 
require the group to have £25.0 million of available liquidity 
at each month end until the quarter ending March 2022 and 
for total loan facilities not to exceed £220.0 million during 
the waiver period. In addition, they have waived any technical 
“cessation of business” breach of our banking facilities as a result 
of our pubs being closed due to the covid-19 pandemic through 
to the quarter ending June 2021.

In the base case forecast, there is significant headroom under the 
revised monthly available liquidity test through to March 2022 
and, when covenants revert to the group’s original financial 
covenants from March 2022 onwards, there would be significant 
headroom and all covenants would be fully complied with 
through the going concern period. However, under the more 
severe scenarios where our pubs may be required to close again 
for prolonged periods and trade might be suppressed at key 
times due to the reintroduction of social distancing and/or other 
measures, the group would still comply with revised covenants to 
March 2022, but on reverting to the original financial covenants 
for the March 2022 and June 2022 quarter end tests, certain 
performance-based covenants would risk being breached, 
therefore compliance with financial covenants beyond 12 months 
from these financial statements is a material uncertainty. 
The group remains in regular dialogue with its lenders, and 
should such a scenario arise, the group expects to be able to find 
a solution with them well in advance of March 2022.

At 29 March 2021, the group had cash in bank of £4.7 million 
and committed borrowing facilities of £285.0 million, of which 
£174.8 million was drawn down. The group expects, by the 
end of June 2022, to have available facilities of £235.0 million; 
it has already repaid the £30.0 million due under the CCFF and 
is not anticipating continuing with the £20.0 million RCF with 
NatWest beyond November 2021. In addition to these facilities, 
the group has a £10.0 million overdraft with HSBC, which is 
not committed.

Together at Young’s... We have continued to add value 
through major developments to improve our existing pub 
values and hand-picked acquisitions.

Retirement benefits
We have a defined benefit pension scheme which has been 
closed to new entrants since 2003. During the course of the 
year our pension deficit has decreased by £2.1 million to 
£6.1 million. Compared with last year, the rate of inflation has 
increased considerably from 2.8% to 3.3% which has heavily 
contributed to an £18.1 million increase in liabilities. However, 
this has been offset by a £19.0 million increase in the return 
on scheme’s assets. We have continued our commitment with 
another year of special contributions, totalling £1.2 million, 
and remain fully committed to ensuring the pension scheme 
is adequately funded. 

Adjusting items 
Total adjusting items were £1.1 million in the period, the 
majority of which relate to the estate management of our 
properties. This includes the net upward movement in property 
revaluation of £1.8 million, as mentioned previously, and tenant 
compensation cost of £0.5 million, where we agreed to terminate 
the lease agreements early at the Royal Oak (Bethnal Green), 
which transferred from the Ram Pub Company last July, and 
in respect of an unlicensed property which will form part of the 
new head office development at the rear of the Spread Eagle 
(Wandsworth). 

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Business and financial review continued

Following the acquisition of five pubs in March 2020, the 
transfer of the business and assets of Spring Pub Company 
Limited in September 2020 incurred a cost of £1.4 million 
related to property taxes and associated professional and legal 
fees. This cost, foreseen at the time of acquisition, did not 
crystallise until the transfer was completed. 

During the period, the loss on disposal of properties was 
£0.5 million as we exited two leases forming part of the Ram 
Pub Company - the Black Cat (Catford) and the Greyhound 
(Hendon) - and one lease in the managed business, the Surprise 
(Chelsea). The Horse Pond Inn (Castle Cary), a freehold pub in 
the Ram Pub Company, was sold for £0.4 million. 

The remaining £0.5 million in adjusting items relates to costs 
incurred in response to covid-19 following a restructuring 
process of our head office function and is largely made up 
of severance costs.

Tax 
A tax credit of £6.9 million was recognised for the year, 
principally due to the losses incurred. The effective tax rate was 
a negative 15.2% (2020: positive 33.6%) compared to the 
statutory rate of 19%, with the difference primarily driven by 
expenses not deductible for tax purposes. Further detail can 
be found in note 13.

The group’s tax strategy for the accounting period ended 
29 March 2021 has been published on the Young’s website 
in accordance with recent UK tax law.

Shareholder returns 
Having started life in 1831, Young’s is a long-standing 
business, and we are determined to maintain our long-term, 
sustainable growth story. The covid-19 pandemic has had a 
significant impact on the business; however, we now have the 
Government’s roadmap to reopening the hospitality sector, and 
this should enable us, once again, to deliver strong performances 
from our existing estate and our premium developments, 
focussing on both immediate and maintainable gains. 

In view of the extensive period of closure of our pubs during 
the period and the expected lower levels of trade during the 
first three months of the current period, the company will not 
be paying any dividend for the most recent period. The board 
is very mindful of the importance of dividends to Young’s 
shareholders and intends resuming dividend payments as soon 
as is appropriate, although no decision has been made when that 
will be. We have, however, agreed with NatWest and the holders 
of the senior secured notes that any dividend payments during 
FY2021/22 will not exceed £5.0 million in aggregate, but there 
is no restriction on the company recommending a final dividend 
with its results for FY2021/22, payable in the following financial 
year, as normal.

Following the losses incurred in the year, our adjusted loss per 
share was at 66.63 pence per share, compared to an adjusted 
earnings per share of 60.18 pence in the prior period. On an 
unadjusted basis, the loss per share increased to 68.23 pence.

Our 2021 strategic report, from pages 1 to 42, was approved by 
the board on 19 May 2021 and it was signed on behalf of the 
board by:

Patrick Dardis
Chief Executive

19 May 2021

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Corporate Governance 

44  Chairman’s corporate governance statement
48  Board of directors
52  Corporate governance report
60  Audit committee report
66  Remuneration committee report
68  Directors’ report
74  Independent auditor’s report

“   We firmly believe that by 
encouraging the right way of 
thinking and behaving across 
all our people, our corporate 
governance culture is reinforced.”

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Corporate Governance

Chairman’s corporate  
governance statement

Stephen Goodyear
Chairman 

“We care about running 
our business ethically and 
responsibly for the benefit of our 
stakeholders: therefore, in our 
decision-making, we aim to do 
the right thing in the right way 
at the right time. This approach 
and culture are underpinned 
by our corporate governance 
model which seeks to ensure 
that good governance standards 
are welcomed and adopted 
throughout our business at 
all times.”

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

I am pleased to present our corporate governance report which 
includes audit and remuneration committee reports.

It goes without saying that this year will probably go down as 
one of the most challenging in the company’s long history,  
with the pandemic’s initial impact in March 2020 only providing 
a minimal insight into what was to come. Regardless of the 
eventual outcome, the board continued to ensure that good 
governance standards were adopted throughout the business.

As chairman, the effective leadership of the board and the 
fostering of a good corporate governance culture remains a key 
responsibility of mine. I am helped here by my board colleagues 
who are equally persuaded of the importance of collectively 
defining, delivering and communicating our governance model 
so as to ensure that good governance standards are embraced 
throughout our business at all times.

The QCA Corporate Governance Code (2018 edition) was 
applied throughout the period. It provides the right governance 
framework for us: a flexible but rigorous outcome-oriented 
environment in which we can continue to develop, as needed, 
our governance model to support our business. I am pleased to 
report again that the ten broad principles around which the QCA 
Code has been constructed are effectively embedded in our 
governance model, our ways of working and our behaviours.

This year, following on from the first formal review that we 
carried out in 2018, the board undertook its second review of 
the effectiveness of its performance as a unit. Details of what was 
done, along with the agreed resulting actions, and the progress 
made on the actions from the 2018 review, are set out on 
page 58.

As previously reported, the board, in April last year, asked 
Roger Lambert to stay on for an additional one-year period, 
thus extending his period of office through to the end of this 
July. In view of the challenges facing the company in light of 
the coronavirus pandemic, it was felt important to retain on the 
board the additional strength, balance, financial acumen, and 
capital markets experience that Roger provided.

At the end of September, Torquil Sligo-Young, the company’s 
information resources director, retired as an executive director 
and became a non-executive director; he also joined the 
company’s audit and remuneration committees. I was particularly 
delighted that Torquil agreed to remain on the board: in doing 
so, he continued as chairman of the trustee company that 
manages our final salary pension scheme, remained as chairman 
of the long-established charitable trust set up by one of the 
founders of the business and, importantly, continued to liaise 
with members of the Young’s family who, as major shareholders, 
are so supportive.

In January this year, Trish Corzine stepped down as a non-
executive director when her second three-year term expired; Ian 
McHoul replaced her on the remuneration committee when she 
left. We were grateful to Trish for the insight and guidance she 
provided over her years on the board, including as a member 
of the audit and remuneration committees. We wish her well for 
the future.

Lastly, also in January this year, the board extended Ian McHoul’s 
term of office through to January 2024. In deciding to do this, 
the board determined that Ian was independent in character and 
judgement, made an effective and valuable contribution to the 
board, demonstrated commitment to his role as a non-executive 
director and chairman of the audit committee, and was able to 
give sufficient time to Young’s.

I am confident that the board is well-balanced and composed of 
the right individuals with the appropriate and complementary 
skills required to run our business, and will continue to be so 
after Roger Lambert steps down. 

For many years, I, and my board colleagues, have been ably 
supported by Anthony Schroeder, our company secretary. 
After more than 16 years’ service, he has decided to retire 
and will be leaving us at the end of September. I will miss his 
unique sense of humour and the invaluable advice, guidance 
and support he has provided; we wish him all the best and 
are grateful for the unequivocal commitment he has shown to 
Young’s over such a long period. In preparation for Anthony’s 
retirement, we appointed Chris Taylor as joint company secretary 
back at the start of April. Chris was part of our company 
secretariat team many years ago, after which he became the 
company secretary at Sky plc. We are fortunate to have found an 
equal successor.

The board’s strategy and model to grow the business and drive 
shareholder value are set out on page 14. It is usually against 
that background, and a mission statement of “delighting our 
customers with stylish pubs and hotels”, that the board makes 
decisions and manages risk. This year, however, required 
an ongoing pandemic overlay; this saw the introduction of 
fortnightly board meetings during the first national lockdown 
(April, May and June) and the executive management 
throughout the year monitoring the effects of the crisis on the 
business and keeping abreast of the fast- and ever-changing 
developments (including Government-issued guidance, the 
introduction of local tier restrictions and the defining and 
redefining of tier areas). Altogether, this effectively allowed the 
board to adopt a fact-based, real-time decision-making process.

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The board continued to set clear expectations concerning the 
group’s culture and values. By way of example, each person 
starting at one of our pubs received a training journal designed 
to support them through their induction – this not only covered 
our vision and values, but also explained how we go about 
caring for our customers, right from their decision to come 
to our pubs through to a goodbye at the end of their visits. 
This is so important if we are to develop our people to delight 
our customers. The learnings from this four-week induction 
programme then become instinctive over a team member’s 
time with us. All our teams also received, as relevant to their 
roles, specific coronavirus-related training or guidance that 
supplemented the introduction of estate-wide operational 
policies and procedures designed to protect the health and 
safety of our teams, customers and others visiting our pubs or 
Riverside House.

Clear statements of behaviour have been issued by the board. 
An anti-bribery statement is on our corporate website and 
team members at Riverside House have been encouraged to 
refer contractors and suppliers to this. We also have an anti-
bribery policy. Both the statement and policy confirm that 
we have a zero-tolerance stance on bribery and they repeat 
the board’s expectation that everyone behaves at all times 
honestly, professionally, fairly and with integrity. The policy has 
been circulated to everyone at Riverside House and to all pub 
managers; it is also printed in each pub employee’s contract 
of employment. Group-wide circulation of the policy last 
happened in January 2019. An online assignment, testing the 
understanding and knowledge of this policy, has to be taken 
by every individual employed at Riverside House – this must 
be taken within three months of joining Young’s and then 
every two years after that. Our slavery and human trafficking 
statement, likewise published on our corporate website, also 
explains to external stakeholders that we seek to conduct 
our business honestly and with integrity at all times and that 
we recognise that it is not acceptable to put profit above the 
welfare and wellbeing of our employees and those working 
on our behalf. Steps to combat modern slavery are taken 
seriously, and efforts to prevent abuses are fully embedded 
across all departments throughout our organisation to ensure 
we play our part in helping to stamp out slavery and human 
trafficking. A whistleblowing policy is also in place: this allows our 
employees to raise any concerns in confidence directly with the 
chairman of the audit committee, either of the joint company 
secretaries or the group’s internal audit manager. Experience to 
date suggests that this policy is effective and widely known. 
Our estate-wide coronavirus operational policies and procedures 
also set out expected behaviours that were crucial for the safe 
and responsible running of our business and so necessary to 
garner customer confidence, and I am very proud of how our 
teams proactively adopted and worked with these, all to the relief 
and enjoyment of our customers.

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Corporate Governance

Chairman’s corporate governance statement continued

“Always with the safety of our staff 
and customers in mind, we maintained 
the great Young’s pub experience 
for our customers.”

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We firmly believe that by encouraging the right way of thinking 
and behaving across all our people, our corporate governance 
culture is reinforced. This enables us to conduct business 
sustainably and responsibly, and, against the background of 
the extraordinary times we have found ourselves in, allows us 
to drive our premium, customer-focussed, people-led strategy 
and deliver value for our shareholders. Within this framework, 
those managing our pubs are encouraged to be entrepreneurial, 
while supported by policies, processes and an extensive 
training programme that assists in protecting the business 
from unnecessary risk. Always with the safety of our staff and 
customers in mind, we maintained the great Young’s pub 
experience for our customers. Much more on what was done in 
our pubs to ‘embrace’ and make the most of a covid-19 world is 
set out in the strategic report, starting on page 1.

We accept that simply setting expectations is insufficient and 
so the board understands how important it is that it leads by 
example: in ordinary times, it would therefore regularly be seen 
out and about engaging with our team members, customers and 
others, and the executive team, in particular, would communicate 
regularly with the teams in the pubs and at Riverside House 
through meetings and messages and at events. Despite the 
significant impact of the pandemic on the operations of the 
business and the executive team’s freedom and ability to get 
around the estate, the executive team was able to engage with 
staff, albeit often in an online environment via Zoom video 
conferencing. In last year’s extraordinary times, customer 
feedback has perhaps never been so important: this was 
encouraged (both directly to the pubs and via online booking 
review platforms) to ensure that we were doing the right things 
and, in particular, that we had our customers’ confidence and 
they felt safe. This feedback provided invaluable insight into how 
we were seen to behave, and indeed produced some of our 
highest feedback ratings in years. The board therefore continues 
to believe that the group has a healthy corporate culture 
throughout the business.

Further details on our corporate governance arrangements 
(reflecting the broad principles in the QCA Code and their 
application) appear in the following pages and on our corporate 
website. Overall, I very much feel that the essence of the QCA 
Code is fully reflected and observed in our business, and a 
regular review by me with our company secretary will ensure 
that this remains the case in the years to come.

To finish, I remain ever aware of the importance of ensuring that 
we regularly engage with you, our shareholders. I am keen to 
welcome holders of our A shares in person to our 2021 annual 
general meeting (‘AGM’), particularly given the constraints we 
faced in 2020 due to the covid-19 pandemic. At the time of 
preparing our notice of AGM (see pages 131 to 135), indoor 
events of up to 1,000 people or half a venue’s capacity (if lower) 
are allowed to take place. We are therefore proposing to hold 
the AGM in the Civic Suite in Wandsworth, as we have now 
done for many years, and to welcome as many A shareholders 
as we can in accordance with Government guidelines and other 
necessary safety considerations. Currently this means, amongst 
other things, that A shareholders will not be able to mix beyond 
what is permitted by social contact restrictions, namely the 
rule of six or two households. We will also put in place further 
arrangements to ensure that the meeting is safe. In light of 
this, attendance by guests (other than carers accompanying a 

shareholder) will not be permitted. You should be prepared to 
wear a face covering (unless exempt from that requirement), 
have your temperature checked, and confirm on arrival that 
you have not recently developed symptoms or been exposed 
to someone who has tested positive or is displaying covid-19 
symptoms. However, given the constantly evolving nature of 
the situation, we want to ensure that we are able to adapt the 
meeting arrangements efficiently to respond to changes in 
circumstances. On this basis, should the situation change so that 
we consider it is no longer possible for shareholders to attend 
the meeting in person, we will hold our AGM as a combined 
physical and electronic meeting. In such event, shareholders 
and other attendees will not be permitted to attend the physical 
AGM, save for such nominated persons as are required in order 
to establish a quorum or to otherwise conduct the business 
of the meeting. A shareholders could instead attend the 
meeting using electronic means. Should it become necessary 
for shareholders to participate in the AGM electronically, the 
electronic platform will enable A shareholders to attend, vote and 
raise questions electronically, and instructions will be provided on 
our website at www.youngs.co.uk/investors. We will continue to 
monitor public health guidance and legislation issued by the UK 
Government in relation to the covid-19 pandemic as our AGM 
approaches. A shareholders are encouraged to monitor our 
website as well as our stock exchange announcements for any 
updates to meeting arrangements. 

A Shareholders intending to attend the AGM (should this be 
possible in light of covid-19 restrictions in place at the time of 
the meeting), are asked to register their intention as soon as 
practicable by entering a tick in the ‘Intention to Attend’ box, 
which is located below the resolutions on the second page of the 
proxy form. Please note that in the absence of a full relaxation of 
covid-19 restrictions and social distancing rules, directors will not 
be mingling with shareholders before or after the meeting and 
no refreshments will be available before or after the meeting.

In view of the uncertainty around whether shareholders will 
be able to attend the AGM, and because tighter Government 
restrictions may be introduced due to a change in the covid-19 
pandemic situation, I would encourage all A shareholders to 
complete and return their proxy forms appointing me, as chair 
of the meeting, as their proxy. This will ensure that your vote will 
be counted even if you (or any other proxy you might otherwise 
appoint) are unable to attend the meeting. Details regarding 
the appointment of proxies, and the completion and return of 
completed proxy forms are on pages 134 and 135.

Stephen Goodyear
Chairman

19 May 2021

For information: an index setting out where to find each of 
the disclosures required to be published by the QCA Code 
appears at the end of the corporate governance information 
part of the ‘Companies Act and AIM Rules compliance’ 
page within the investors section of www.youngs.co.uk.

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Corporate Governance

Board of directors

1. Stephen Goodyear 
Non-executive Chairman

Commenced role

April 2017 (appointed to the board in February 1996)

Skills and experience

A

4. Simon Dodd 
Chief Operating Officer

Commenced role

September 2019

Skills and experience

E   D

Stephen has a considerable knowledge of, and passion for, Young’s and 
the industry. He began his career with Courage Ltd in 1974 and joined 
Young’s in 1995. In 2003, he became chief executive and oversaw 
the sale of the Ram Brewery, the creation of the tenanted Ram Pub 
Company and the transformation of Young’s into a premium managed 
house business. The latter involved the acquisition of Geronimo Inns at 
the end of 2010 and the creation of a growing hotels operation. In 2016, 
Stephen stepped down as chief executive and became a non-executive 
director. Stephen is approachable, measured, calm and influential, and 
provides invaluable support to the chief executive. As chairman, he is 
impartial and objective and encourages open and constructive debate.

Other relevant external appointments

The Independent Family Brewers of Britain (director) 

2. Patrick Dardis 
Chief Executive

Commenced role

July 2016 (appointed to the board in July 2003)

Skills and experience

With more than 35 years’ experience working in the pub and brewing 
industry, Patrick has extensive knowledge and experience of the sector. 
Before joining Young’s in 2002, he held various roles at Wolverhampton 
& Dudley Breweries PLC (now Marston’s PLC), Guinness Brewing, 
Whitbread PLC and Courage Ltd. Over his time as retail director at 
Young’s (2003–16), he developed his leadership skills further and was 
instrumental in making Young’s the premium managed house operation 
it is today. He understands the Young’s business inside out, is well-
known and very well respected both within Young’s and the industry. 
Patrick brings unrivalled passion, drive and commitment to the role.

Other relevant external appointments

Council member of the British Beer and Pub Association

Simon is responsible for the group’s managed house operations, 
including marketing. He also heads up the in-house CSR team. 
Having spent more than a decade working in the pub and brewing 
sector, he has a wealth of experience. Before starting at Young’s, 
Simon was a director at Fuller’s and MD of their beer company 
(2016–19) – previously, he was the operations director of their 
premium city pubs division (2015–16). Prior to joining Fuller’s, Simon 
was at the Orchid Pub Company: COO (2013–14) and commercial 
director (2006–13). He is the company’s UKHospitality representative. 
With his experience, knowledge and retail and marketing background, 
Simon makes a positive contribution to the well-established Young’s 
business; he combines this with good analytical and people skills and a 
cheery manner.

Other relevant external appointments

E D

The company’s UKHospitality representative

5. Tracy Dodd 
People

Commenced role

September 2016

Skills and experience

E   D

Tracy is responsible for people, and health and safety matters. She joined 
Young’s in 2015; before that, she was at the Orchid Pub Company 
(2006–14), most recently as Head of People. Tracy has a clear 
understanding of the group’s premium-led strategy and her focus is on 
what is required to deliver that, remaining ever mindful of the regulatory 
backdrop to people and health and safety matters, including equality, 
gender diversity and employee wellbeing. As an ex-operator, she has the 
skills, knowledge and expertise to help ensure the group has the right 
people and culture in place and that it operates in a safe and responsible 
way. Tracy leads by example, is a team player, communicates well and is 
very approachable and discreet.

3. Mike Owen 
Chief Financial Officer

Commenced role

September 2019

Skills and experience

E D

Other relevant external appointments

Hospitality Apprenticeship Board (member)

Mike has overall stewardship of the group’s finance functions (including 
strategy, forecasting, reporting, tax, treasury, and risk management) and, 
since 1 October 2020, is responsible for the group’s technological needs. 
He has a strong passion for the industry having been group finance 
and IT director at Hall & Woodhouse Ltd (2016–19), head of European 
and then Global Deployment in the Global Business Services division 
of SAB Miller PLC (2014–16) and finance and IT director at Miller 
Brands (UK&I) Ltd (2008–14). Due to his influence and involvement in 
the business, and his open and engaging personality and management 
style, the leadership he provides benefits not just his direct reports and 
team but a much wider section of the company’s people. Mike is a 
qualified accountant.

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2

3

4

5

Committee Membership

A   Audit committee

R   Remuneration committee

D   Disclosure committee

  Chair of committee

E   Executive committee

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6

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Corporate Governance

Board of directors continued

7

9

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6. Roger Lambert 
Non-executive and senior independent

Commenced role

A   R

8. Ian McHoul 
Non-executive

Commenced role

August 2008 (became senior independent director in July 2011)

January 2018

Skills and experience

Skills and experience

A   R

Roger left the City in May 2020 after 40 years in banking, most recently 
with Peel Hunt but previously with Canaccord Genuity (2010–16) 
and J.P. Morgan Cazenove (1982–2008). After two years working for 
Chemical Bank in New York, he started his career in London in 1982 
as an analyst covering the brewing, leisure and hospitality sectors before 
moving into corporate finance in 1985 where he has advised more than 
25 companies in those sectors. Roger has a wealth of relevant expertise 
in capital markets and brewing, drinks and hospitality. He brings gravitas 
to the senior independent role and strength of personality and charisma 
to his non-executive position.

7. Nick Miller 
Non-executive

Commenced role

April 2017

Skills and experience

A   R

Nick has a wealth of experience in hospitality, leisure and brewing. 
Most recently, he was the CEO of Meantime Brewing Company 
(2011–16) and before that he was the MD of Miller Brands, the UK 
arm of SAB Miller, the multinational brewing and beverage company. 
Nick has an excellent reputation in the industry. He is a particularly 
perceptive businessman, with significant experience and demonstrable 
career success at both Meantime and SAB Miller. With this background, 
he is able and prepared to challenge the executive directors, and he 
provides a strong and valuable external perspective to the board. 
Through a combination of his executive experience, strength of character 
and willingness and ability to engage, he is well placed to lead the 
remuneration committee.

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Ian is a chartered accountant and an experienced non-executive 
director. Aside from the current appointments listed below, he has 
been a non-executive director at Premier Foods plc (2004–13) and 
John Wood Group plc (2017–18). Most recently, Ian was the CFO at 
Amec Foster Wheeler plc (2008–17); before that, he had a variety of 
positions in the brewing and licenced retail industry, including at Scottish 
& Newcastle plc and Inntrepreneur Pub Company Ltd (1985–2008). 
With his considerable sector experience and strategic and financial 
acumen, his contributions both in and outside of board meetings are 
insightful. He also brings financial astuteness to his chairmanship of the 
audit committee. At a personal level, his ability to listen, build trust and 
encourage allows him to mentor others.

Other relevant external appointments

Bellway Plc (2018 to date) (director) – a major listed UK residential 
property developer based in Newcastle upon Tyne

Britvic Plc (2014 to date) (now senior independent director) – a major 
listed UK producer of soft drinks based in Hemel Hempstead

The Vitec Group plc (2019 to date) (now chairman) – a leading global 
provider of products and solutions to the “image capture and content 
creation” market

9. Torquil Sligo-Young 
Non-executive 

Commenced role

A   R

October 2020 (appointed to the board in January 1997)

Skills and experience

Torquil joined Young’s in 1985, becoming an executive director in 
1997. During his time as a director, he was responsible for personnel, 
health and safety, and the group’s technological needs, and he also 
headed up the company’s in-house CSR team. In 2020, Torquil 
stepped down as an executive director and became a non-executive 
director. He is chairman of a charitable trust set up by William Allen 
Young, a founder of the business, and, due to his length of service and 
knowledge of Young’s, is chairman of Young’s Pension Trustees Limited, 
the trustee company that manages the Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. 
Pension Scheme. Torquil brings a calmness to his position and, being a 
member of the founding family, he helps the company keep in touch 
with family shareholders.

Other relevant external appointments

William Allen Young Charitable Trust (chairman of the trustees)

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Corporate governance report

Leadership

Board composition
Details of those on the board, including their skills and experience, appear on pages 48 and 51.

The role of the board and its committees

The board
The board is collectively responsible for the success of the company and the business and management of the group. 
Its role includes:

•  approving the group’s long-term objectives, commercial strategy and annual budgets;

•  overseeing the group’s operations, ensuring competent and prudent management, sound planning, adequate accounting and 

other records, and compliance with statutory and regulatory obligations;

•  ensuring maintenance of sound management and internal control systems; and

•  approving acquisitions and disposals.

The board governs mainly through its executive management and via committees, the principal ones of which are listed below.

Executive committee

Audit committee

Remuneration committee

Disclosure committee

It is responsible for the daily 
running of the group and 
the execution of approved 
policies and the business plan. 
It usually meets fortnightly, 
with members of staff invited 
to attend as appropriate. 
Additional meetings are held 
as required.

Its primary focus is on 
external corporate reporting 
and on monitoring the 
company’s internal control 
and risk management 
systems. Further details 
on the committee’s 
responsibilities and activities 
are on pages 60 to 65.

Its primary function is to 
determine, on behalf of the 
board, the remuneration 
packages of the executive 
directors. Further details 
on the committee and the 
company’s reward policy are 
on pages 66 to 67.

Its primary function is 
to assist the company in 
making timely and accurate 
disclosure of information 
required to be disclosed 
in order to meet legal and 
regulatory obligations.

Chair

Patrick Dardis

Other members

Mike Owen
Simon Dodd
Tracy Dodd

Chair

Ian McHoul

Chair

Nick Miller

Other members*

Other members*

Stephen Goodyear
Roger Lambert
Nick Miller
Torquil Sligo-Young**

Roger Lambert
Ian McHoul***
Torquil Sligo-Young**

Chair

Mike Owen

Other members

Patrick Dardis
Simon Dodd
Tracy Dodd

*  Trish Corzine stepped down from the board and ceased to be a member of this committee in January 2021.

**  Torquil Sligo-Young became a member of this committee in October 2020.

*** Ian McHoul became a member of this committee in January 2021.

The terms of reference for the audit, remuneration and disclosure committees can be found in the investors section of 
www.youngs.co.uk. The executive committee has no formal terms of reference.

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Board meetings and reserved matters 

Meetings
The board ordinarily meets every two months, with additional 
meetings arranged as required. However, in light of the fast-
changing environment facing the business brought on by the 
pandemic, the board ended up meeting 12 times during the 
period. All bar two of those meetings occurred online, rather 
than at Riverside House which is the usual meeting location. 
For obvious reasons, no board meetings ended up being held in 
any of the group’s pubs; the board would typically look to have 
at least one off-site pub meeting each year as it allows the board 
to see and feel the group’s business and how a particular pub 
is performing.

Formal meeting agendas, made up of regular and other specific 
business matters, and supporting packs were provided to board 
members sufficiently in advance of each meeting to ensure there 
was time for these to be reviewed. The agendas were prepared 
by the company secretary and agreed with the chairman and the 
chief executive.

Included in the pack for each of the board’s scheduled meetings 
was a report from the chief executive, a summary of financial 
performance in the year to date, a latest financial forecast, a 
report from the chief operating officer, a health and safety report, 
a people report, a property report and details of any material 
claims against the group. At the meetings, the executive directors 
expanded upon what was covered in their reports, and the 
company secretary updated the board on matters for which he 
was responsible. The chairs of the company’s audit, remuneration 
and disclosure committees also reported formally on the 
proceedings of their committees and minutes of those committee 
meetings were also circulated to members of the board.

Due to the specific challenges the business faced during the 
year and the necessary focus for the board, there was no real 
opportunity for members of staff below board level to present 
at any of the board meetings and/or provide updates on 
developments in their areas of responsibility. The intention is, 
however, to resume this in FY2021/22. 

Open and constructive debate in meetings was always 
encouraged by the chairman and he ensured that matters were 
challenged and discussed before any decision that needed to be 
made was made. 

The formal flow of information in board meetings was in 
addition to information exchanged outside of those meetings, 
often in relation to ad hoc matters that needed considering 
between meetings. The directors also received, usually on 
a weekly basis and while the business remained ‘open’, the 
group’s sales numbers and, on a monthly basis, a management 
accounts pack that included a summary of the group’s financial 
and non-financial performance, sales information for drink and 
food for the periods when the business was operating, and the 
group’s financial position and cash flow. The non-executives 
also met with one or more of the executive directors outside 
of board meetings, but in the circumstances these meetings 
were less frequent than usual. The chief executive did, however, 
continue to manage to meet with all or some of the non-
executive directors between board meetings, with this sometimes 
having to be via Zoom; these meetings helped ensure that 
the non-executives were kept up to date with developments 
in the business, and they usually resulted in valuable 
informal discussion.

Throughout the period, the board had a procedure in place 
enabling it to consider and authorise situations where a director 
had an interest that conflicted, or could possibly conflict, with 
the interests of the company; this is set out in article 63 of the 
company’s articles of association.

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Corporate governance report continued

Matters reserved for the board
The board maintained a formal written schedule of matters reserved for its review and approval; this schedule includes those matters 
described on page 52 under The role of the board and its committees, as well as those in the following table.

Category

Strategy and management

Structure and capital

Financial reporting and controls

Contracts

Communication

Board membership and other appointments

Remuneration

Delegation of authority

Corporate governance

Policies and procedures

Examples

Extension of the group’s activities into new business or geographic areas; 
cessation of the operation of all or any material part of the group’s business.

Changes relating to the group’s capital structure; major changes to the 
group’s corporate or management and control structure; changes to the 
company’s listing or its status as a plc.

Approval of the following: annual report and accounts, preliminary 
announcements of results, significant changes in accounting policies 
or practices, treasury policies, certain unbudgeted capital or operating 
expenditure; declaration or recommendation of dividends; review and 
approval of expenditure authorisation limits.

Contracts in the ordinary course of business material strategically or by reason 
of size; contracts not in the ordinary course of business; major investments.

Approval of resolutions, circulars, prospectuses and press releases concerning 
matters decided by the board.

Changes to the structure, size and composition of the board; ensuring 
adequate succession planning for the board and senior management; board 
appointments; selection of the chairman and the chief executive; appointment 
of the senior independent director; membership and chair of board 
committees; continuation in office of directors; appointment or removal of the 
company secretary; appointment, re-appointment or removal of the external 
auditor to be put to shareholders for approval, following the recommendation 
of the audit committee.

Approving the remuneration policy for the directors; determining the initial 
remuneration of the non-executive directors; introduction of new share 
incentive plans or major changes to existing plans.

Division of responsibilities between the chairman and the chief executive; 
establishing board committees and approving their terms of reference.

Undertaking any formal and rigorous review of the board’s own performance, 
that of its committees and individual directors, and the division of 
responsibilities; determining the independence of non-executive directors; 
review of the group’s overall corporate governance arrangements; authorising 
conflicts of interest where permitted by the company’s articles of association.

Approval of the following: manual on compliance with the AIM Rules and 
aspects of the UK Market Abuse Regulation, company’s insider list manual, 
dealing code, anti-bribery policy, whistleblowing policy and health and 
safety policy.

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Directors and joint company secretaries

Roles and responsibilities
There is a clear division of responsibility at the head of the company.

Chairman

Chief executive 

Is responsible for:
• 
• 
•  ensuring appropriate strategic focus and direction.

leading an effective board;
fostering a good corporate governance culture; and

Has overall responsibility for:
•  proposing the strategic focus to the board;
• 
•  managing the group’s business.

implementing the strategy once approved; and 

Senior independent director

Executive directors

Acts as a sounding board for, and provides support and advice 
to, the chairman and other board members. Also available 
to shareholders and any of the directors should they have 
a question or concern that cannot be raised through the 
normal channels.

All have particular roles and areas of responsibility – see pages 
48 and 51. They are responsible for the day-to-day running of 
the business.

Non-executive directors

Joint company secretaries 

Are required, amongst other things, to constructively challenge 
and contribute to the development of strategy, to scrutinise 
the performance of management in meeting agreed goals and 
objectives and to monitor the reporting of performance. They 
play their part by being knowledgeable business people who 
bring a wide range of skills and experiences to the board.

Play a key part in helping the board ensure that it is aware of, 
and that the company meets, its legal and regulatory obligations. 
They act as a channel through which the directors, particularly 
the non-executives, gain an understanding of the workings of the 
company. All the directors are entitled to seek advice from them, 
and they provide guidance and information to all of them. They 
may act alone as well as together.

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Attendance at board and committee meetings

Meeting attendance

Board

Audit committee

Remuneration committee

Number of meetings

Stephen Goodyear
Patrick Dardis
Mike Owen
Simon Dodd
Tracy Dodd
Roger Lambert
Nick Miller
Ian McHoul*
Torquil Sligo-Young**
Trish Corzine***

12

12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
9

3

3
–
–
–
–
3
3
3
2
2

6

–
–
–
–
–
6
6
2
3
4

* 

Ian McHoul became a member of the remuneration committee in January 2021 – he attended all the meetings of that committee he was eligible to attend.

**   Torquil Sligo-Young stepped down as an executive director at the end of September 2020 and became a non-executive director and member of the audit and remuneration committees 

– he attended all committee meetings he was eligible to attend.

*** Trish Corzine stepped down from the board in January 2021 – she attended all meetings she was eligible to attend. 

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Corporate Governance

Corporate governance report continued

Independence
Based on its experience, the board stresses that all the 
non-executive directors act independently in character and 
judgement. It is accepted though that only Nick Miller and Ian 
McHoul can be considered independent when judged against 
the UK Corporate Governance Code (July 2018). The board, 
however, considers Roger Lambert to be independent despite 
him having served on the board for more than 12 years – in 
reaching this conclusion, the board considered the length 
of Roger’s period in office, his other external commitments, 
the objective manner in which he has provided support to 
the chairman and other board members and his strength 
of character and attitude of mind. Having recently been 
the company’s chief executive, Stephen Goodyear is not 
independent; for a similar reason (as he was an executive 
director of the company until October), Torquil Sligo-Young is 
not independent. 

Balance and size 
In view of the relevant experience, skills and personal qualities 
and capabilities that each director brings to the board (as 
summarised on pages 48 and 51) and taking into account that 
Roger Lambert will be stepping down from the board at the end 
of July, the directors consider that the board is well-balanced, has 
the right number of members for the size of the group and that 
no single person dominates discussions. 

Nominations, appointments and inductions
Typically, the chairman and the chief executive lead on the board 
nomination and appointment process. They consider the balance 
of skills, knowledge and experience on the board and make 
appropriate recommendations for consideration by the whole 
board. Each board member is invited to meet with the candidate. 
This process has been used effectively for a number of years 
(including most recently in relation to the appointments of Mike 
Owen and Simon Dodd) and has led the board to remain of the 
view that it should continue to operate in this way rather than 
through a more formal nomination committee. Other senior 
appointments are made by the chief executive in discussion with 
the chairman. The importance of diversity, including gender 
balance, is acknowledged in making any appointment – against 
this background, the board believes that appointments should 
be merit-based against the selection criteria created for any 
given role.

Subject to the company’s articles of association, shareholders can, 
by passing an ordinary resolution, appoint any willing person as 
an additional director or as a replacement for another director.

New directors undertake a tailored induction programme, 
as appropriate, and receive education and training on the AIM 
Rules from the company’s nominated adviser. One of the 
company secretaries will spend time with any new director, 
ensuring they understand the key policies and procedures they 
need to comply with, and they also provide the new director 
with an induction pack covering or containing a variety of 
matters, including:

•  regulatory matters (e.g. the company’s articles of association, 

the AIM Rules, the company’s manual on compliance 
with the AIM Rules and aspects of the UK Market Abuse 
Regulation, the company’s dealing code, the company’s 
insider list manual and a note on directors’ duties);

• 

internal policies (e.g. anti-bribery, pub purchases, pub 
refurbishment projects and schedule of matters reserved for 
the board);

• 

internal information (e.g. diary dates and D&O certificates);

•  public information (e.g. latest annual and interim reports and 

any circulars issued in the last 12 months); and

• 

terms of reference for the audit, remuneration and 
disclosure committees.

Re-appointment of directors and notice periods
Once appointed, the company’s articles of association ensure that 
any new director is subject to re-appointment by the company’s 
voting shareholders at the next AGM – this doesn’t apply to 
any director at this year’s AGM. Directors are then subject to a 
further re-appointment vote at every third AGM after that – this 
applies to Roger Lambert, Ian McHoul and Torquil Sligo-Young 
at this year’s AGM. All are seeking re-appointment, albeit Roger 
will be retiring from the board shortly afterwards.

Subject to shareholder re-appointment, the executive directors 
have been appointed for indefinite periods. They are generally 
entitled to not less than one year’s notice if the company wishes 
to terminate their appointment; in return, they must give not less 
than one year’s notice if they wish to leave.

The non-executive directors have been appointed for fixed terms 
which are terminable earlier by them or the company giving 
not less than six months’ notice and they are likewise subject to 
shareholder re-appointment. The expiry dates of their current 
fixed terms are as follows:

Non-executive director
Stephen Goodyear
Roger Lambert
Nick Miller
Ian McHoul

Fixed term expiry dates
3 April 2023
31 July 2021
3 April 2023
23 January 2024

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Time commitment
The executive directors are expected to devote substantially 
the whole of their time, attention and ability to their duties, 
whereas, as one would expect, the non-executives have a lesser 
time commitment. Apart from the chairman, who has agreed 
to spend 30–50 days a year on work for the company, it is 
anticipated that each of the non-executives will dedicate 15 
days a year. The non-executive directors have all confirmed that 
they are able to allocate sufficient time to meet the expectations 
of their role, and they are required to obtain the chairman’s 
agreement (or, in the case of the chairman, the chief executive’s 
agreement) before accepting additional commitments that might 
affect the time they are able to devote.

Service contracts and letters of appointment
Copies of the executive directors’ service contracts and copies 
of the letters of appointment of the non-executive directors are 
available for inspection at the company’s registered office.

Training and development 
From time to time, the directors, as appropriate, attend training 
courses, conferences and/or industry forums, read technical and 
other journals and undertake online learning to keep up to date 
on various matters. They also attend relevant specialist briefings, 
some of which form part of board and executive committee 
meetings. The directors, executive and non-executive, regularly 
spend time out in the trade with fellow directors, shareholders, 
members of staff, colleagues and friends: this helps them to 
keep up to date with the group’s operations, developments in 
the market and the competition. Due to coronavirus, trade visits 
were, however, severely limited in the period and some other 
activities mentioned above weren’t feasible.

Once a year, the company secretary provides education and 
training to the executive directors on the company’s manual on 
compliance with the AIM Rules and aspects of the UK Market 
Abuse Regulation, and to all the directors on the company’s 
dealing code. The company’s nominated adviser also provides 
education and training to all the directors annually on the 
AIM Rules. 

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Advice 
Subject to certain limitations, all the directors are entitled to obtain 
independent professional advice at the company’s expense.

J.P. Morgan Cazenove and Slaughter and May are long-standing 
advisers to the board. The former is the company’s nominated 
adviser and joint broker; in its capacity as nominated adviser, it is 
responsible to the London Stock Exchange for providing advice 
and guidance in relation to the company’s continuing obligations 
resulting from its admission to AIM. Slaughter and May is an 
international law firm headquartered in London that the board 
calls on for legal advice and services from time to time.

In April last year, HSBC Bank plc and Slaughter and May advised 
the company on its successful application to become an eligible 
issuer for the HM Treasury and the Bank of England’s Covid 
Corporate Financing Facility. As a result, the company established 
a euro-commercial paper programme for the purpose of issuing 
paper through the CCFF, and partially accessed the liquidity 
available to it under the CCFF by issuing paper with a nominal 
value of £30.0 million and a maturity date of 13 May 2021.

At the beginning of the period and in connection with the 
company’s banking facilities and private placement notes, the 
board sought advice from Rothschild & Co. Amongst other 
things, Rothschild & Co assisted the company in its choice of 
potential new lending banks to approach in connection with the 
refinancing of the company’s £50.0 million syndicated facility 
due March 2021, advised on pricing and other commercial 
terms linked to the refinancing, and they helped negotiate the 
documentation for the new and existing facilities. In addition, 
Rothschild & Co advised on, and assisted with, amendments 
and waivers of the company’s financial covenants from the 
company’s debt and private placement noteholders. Legal advice 
was provided throughout by Slaughter and May.

In June, J.P. Morgan Cazenove and Panmure Gordon advised 
on the company’s placing of new shares, the concurrent offer for 
retail investors to subscribe for new shares, and the subscription 
by certain directors of the company (and/or persons closely 
associated with them) for new shares. This saw the company 
raise gross proceeds of £88.4 million. A number of other local 
legal advisers were engaged to assist with non-UK aspects of the 
arrangements. Again, legal advice was provided by Slaughter 
and May.

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Corporate Governance

Corporate governance report continued

As regards the agreed actions flowing from the 2018 review:

• 

it is now agreed at each board meeting what, if any, non-
routine presentations should be given at the next meeting 
– in light of the pandemic and the focus that caused, fewer 
presentations have been given than would have ordinarily 
been expected;

•  presentations by non-director members of staff are to be 
given (to help the board assess informally the quality and 
depth of the team below board level) – this saw presentations 
from a number of team members, including the director 
of operations, the director of property and tenancies, the 
director of marketing, two of the ops directors, the head of 
financial planning and analysis, the chief accountant, the 
property accountant, the acquisitions manager, the head of 
retail information systems, the IS infrastructure manager, 
the head of property and maintenance, and the maintenance 
control manager;

•  starting in January 2019, the principal risks and uncertainties 

facing the business became a standalone item on each 
January’s board meeting agenda – the resulting more formal 
and separate discussion gave this matter an increased degree 
of focus – the risks and uncertainties nevertheless continued 
to be discussed by the audit committee and by the board 
as a whole as part of the review and sign-off of the annual 
report; and

•  an annual update was to be provided to the board on senior 
level succession (i.e. the level below the board) – updates 
were provided informally at various times.

The next formal review is expected to be carried out in 
summer 2022. 

The chairman’s performance was appraised by the senior 
independent director. The chairman appraised the performance 
of the other non-executive directors and the chief executive. 
The appraisal of the other executive directors was conducted 
by the chief executive; this was in addition to his regular 
1:1 meetings with them. As part of the executive appraisal 
process, individual development needs were discussed, as well 
as areas in which the executives could seek mentoring guidance.

Liability insurance cover for directors and officers 
The company maintains, at its own expense, insurance cover 
in respect of legal action against its directors and officers.

Performance evaluation
Over the summer, the board carried out its second formal review 
of the effectiveness of its performance as a unit; the first review 
was undertaken in 2018. Each individual director’s performance 
was also appraised. The overall review process was led by the 
chairman, and was conducted by him, the senior independent 
director and by the chief executive. 

The performance review of the board involved the completion 
of a questionnaire on an anonymous basis, with anonymity 
intended to encourage more open and constructive comment. 
All board members were asked to provide a rating (on a scale of 
1 – 4) across a variety of criteria, further details of which appear 
in the company’s corporate governance website disclosures that 
can be found in the investors section of www.youngs.co.uk. 
The completed questionnaires were then submitted to 
the company secretary who collated and consolidated the 
responses into a report that was first shared with the chairman 
and subsequently circulated to the other directors. The report 
included all unattributed comments. The average rating was 
3.56 (2018: 3.71). At the November board meeting, the 
following was agreed, based on the ratings awarded and/or the 
comments made:

•  board level succession planning will become a standing item 
for the board at its March meeting – this will ensure there is 
an annual touchpoint sitting alongside informal discussions 
that take place during the year;

• 

following their annual appraisals, when training needs and 
wants are discussed, the executive directors will agree and 
update their personal development plans in conjunction 
with Patrick Dardis and/or Tracy Dodd – specific training 
and development needs of the non-executive directors will 
be agreed and identified annually by them with input, as 
relevant, from the chairman, Patrick Dardis and the joint 
company secretaries – this formalisation of matters should 
help identify areas of training needed or wanted by any 
particular individual as well as topics that could be applicable 
to the board as a whole – the intention is to support 
each director in their career with the company and give 
them the knowledge and understanding to carry out their 
role effectively;

• 

the chairman, through his insight and leadership style and 
tone, will continue to encourage increasing levels of individual 
contributions at board meetings, recognising the different 
characteristics and personalities of his board colleagues; and

•  where practicable, the board’s executive committee 
will consider in advance of a relevant board meeting 
any important matter needing full board approval – 
notwithstanding that the chairman encourages debate with 
challenge and discussions at board meetings, this change 
in process should ensure that all executive directors are 
fully appraised of a matter in advance of the board meeting 
and, following on from the previous bullet point, should 
also help increase individual contribution levels of the 
executive directors.

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Stephen Goodyear, Patrick Dardis and Torquil Sligo-Young 
are the key contacts with the company’s family shareholders, 
with Torquil having a specific part to play in keeping in touch 
with them. Roger Lambert, as the senior independent director, 
and the other non-executive directors are all willing to engage 
with shareholders should they have any questions or concerns 
that are not resolved through the normal channels. Either of the 
joint company secretaries can also be contacted by shareholders 
on matters of governance and investor relations. 

The board particularly supports the use of the AGM to 
communicate with private investors. Apart from last year’s 
meeting which had to be held as a closed meeting, this meeting 
is well attended, and all shareholders are given the opportunity 
to ask questions and raise issues; this can be done formally 
during the meeting or informally with the directors after it. 

At the AGM, the company proposes a separate resolution on 
each substantially separate issue. For each resolution, proxy 
appointment forms are issued which provide voting shareholders 
with the option to vote in advance of the AGM if they are unable 
to attend in person. All valid proxy votes received for the AGM 
are properly recorded and counted by Computershare, the 
company’s registrar. Voting at the AGM is by a show of hands 
unless a poll is called for – in this regard, the chairman is aware 
of the possible need to exercise his powers as chairman and 
demand a poll to ensure that the vote represents the voting 
intentions of those shareholders who have appointed him as 
proxy, as well as those present at the meeting. As soon as 
practicable after the conclusion of the AGM, the results of the 
meeting are released through a regulatory information service 
and a copy of the announcement is posted on the Company 
News page within the investors section of www.youngs.co.uk. 
This announcement also provides, for information, details of the 
total number of voting shares in issue and the number of shares 
in respect of which valid proxy appointments were received; 
a table is included showing the number of votes for and against 
each resolution and also the number within the chairman’s 
discretion – excluded from the table are abstentions/votes 
withheld and proxy appointments received from holders who 
appointed someone other than the chairman of the meeting 
as their proxy.

Risk
The board as a whole oversees risk. With the chief executive 
having overall responsibility for implementing the group’s 
strategy, it is the executive committee, as a group under his 
leadership, that is primarily responsible for keeping abreast of 
developments that may affect delivery of that strategy (especially 
in terms of their likelihood and impact), identifying any mitigating 
actions that could be taken and then ensuring, as far as possible, 
those actions are taken – here the executive team’s experience 
and management, collectively and individually, is vital. The key 
steps and actions taken by the executive committee in response 
to the coronavirus pandemic are summarised in the strategic 
report, starting on page 1. That informal process then feeds 
through to the whole board when it considers, on an annual 
basis, the list of principal risks and uncertainties for inclusion 
in the strategic report (see pages 26 to 29). Additionally, the 
executive committee regularly considers the group’s financial 
controls memorandum – this comprehensive and internally-
focussed document identifies a number of finance-related risks 
and, for each of them, sets out the potential business impact, 
potential for occurrence, what mitigating controls are in place 
and who within the business has responsibility for managing the 
control. That document is considered by the audit committee 
before being submitted to the board for approval. Although the 
board has overall responsibility for the group’s systems of 
internal control and risk management and for reviewing their 
effectiveness, the audit committee performs an important role in 
monitoring those systems – a summary of what the committee 
did during the period in this regard is in the Audit committee 
section starting on page 60.

Shareholder relations
Copies of the annual report (which includes the notice of AGM) 
and the interim report are sent to all shareholders and they can 
be downloaded from the investors section of www.youngs.co.uk. 
Other information for shareholders and interested parties is also 
provided on the company’s website, including the preliminary 
and half-year results’ presentations to the City. 

The company has an ongoing programme of individual 
meetings with institutional shareholders and analysts following 
the preliminary and half-year results presentations to the City. 
These meetings allow the chief executive and the chief financial 
officer to update shareholders on strategy and the group’s 
performance. Additional meetings with institutional investors 
and/or analysts are arranged from time to time. All board 
members receive copies of feedback reports from the City 
presentations and meetings, thus keeping them in touch with 
shareholder opinion.

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Corporate Governance

Audit committee

Ian McHoul
Committee Chair

Given the ongoing impact of 
covid-19 and the significant periods 
during which the estate was closed, 
a key focus for the committee was 
the adequacy and appropriateness 
of the group’s systems of internal 
control and risk management. 
The committee also concentrated 
on the correct accounting treatment 
for the impact of the pandemic 
and, once satisfied, focussed on the 
adequacy of the disclosures made in 
the annual report.

Areas of responsibility
The committee’s responsibilities are split into four main areas, with the following principal tasks:

Financial reporting
•  Monitoring the integrity of the company’s financial 
statements and results announcements, including 
reviewing any key accounting and audit judgements and 
assumptions made regarding going concern.

•  Advising the board on whether, taken as a whole, the 

content of the company’s annual report is fair, balanced 
and understandable, and whether it provides members 
with the information necessary to assess the company’s 
performance, business model and strategy.

•  Reviewing the consistency and appropriateness of, and 

any changes to, accounting policies and practices.

Internal control and risk management
•  Monitoring the integrity, adequacy and effectiveness 

of the company’s internal control and risk 
management systems.

•  Reviewing the company’s systems, procedures and 
controls for detecting fraud and for the prevention 
of bribery.

•  Reviewing the adequacy and security of the company’s 
arrangements for its employees and contractors to raise 
concerns in confidence about possible wrongdoing in 
financial reporting or other matters.

External audit
•  Overseeing the company’s relationship with Ernst 

& Young LLP (“EY”), the external auditor, reviewing 
the effectiveness of the company’s external audit 
process, along with EY’s findings, and assessing 
EY’s independence.

•  Recommending to the board the appointment, 
re-appointment and removal of the company’s 
external auditor. 

•  Approving the terms of engagement of, and 

the remuneration to be paid to, the company’s 
external auditor.

Internal audit
•  Reviewing, assessing and approving the company’s 
internal audit plan and monitoring and assessing 
the effectiveness of the company’s internal audit 
function in the context of the company’s overall risk 
management system.

•  Reviewing periodically reports on the results from the 

internal audit manager’s work.

•  Monitoring and assessing the role and effectiveness of 

the company’s internal audit function.

These and the committee’s other duties are set out in the committee’s terms of reference which can be found in the investors  
section of www.youngs.co.uk.

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Major tasks
During the period, the major tasks undertaken by the committee 
comprised reviews of the following:

The committee also considered, and put forward for approval 
by the board, an adjusting items policy and an updated policy 
for the engagement of the company’s external auditor to supply 
non-audit services.

   the group’s preliminary announcements of interim and final 
results, and the results themselves, all prior to review by 
the board;

   the appropriateness of adopting a going concern basis of 
preparation of the financial statements (including looking 
at loan covenant compliance and EY’s material uncertainty 
qualification in its audit report);

   the value of the group’s pub estate given the impact of the 
coronavirus pandemic on the group’s business;

   the judgements and estimates made by the company 
following the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases;

   EY’s performance as the company’s external auditor and the 
effectiveness of the audit process;

   the group’s systems of internal control and risk management;

   the group’s financial controls memorandum;

   the group’s whistleblowing procedures and the group’s 
internal procedures and controls for detecting fraud and 
preventing bribery;

   the company’s internal audit plan and the changes made 
to it in light of the ongoing pandemic and closure of the 
group’s estate;

  the results of various internal audit findings;

   the group’s information systems security arrangements, 
including an updated systems security management 
policy; and

   the committee’s own performance and the independence, 
financial literacy and other skills and experience of the 
committee’s members.

After ensuring it was aligned to the key risks of the company’s 
business, the committee agreed an internal audit plan for 
FY2021/22. 

The committee continued to oversee EY so as to ensure the 
delivery of a robust audit plan.

Committee membership
The committee, chaired by Ian McHoul, comprises the 
board’s five non-executive directors. All served on the 
committee throughout the period apart from Torquil 
Sligo-Young who joined in October. Trish Corzine was 
on the committee until she stepped down from the board 
in January. The members of the committee consider that 
they have the requisite skills and experience to fulfil the 
committee’s responsibilities.

Committee meetings and attendance
The committee met three times during the period (in May, 
November and March) and the table on page 55 sets out 
each member’s attendance record. The chief executive 
and the chief financial officer joined all the meetings. 
The company’s audit partner and audit manager at EY 
joined the May and November meetings as these related to 
the group’s full-year and half-year results; they also joined 
the March meeting to provide an update on corporate 
reporting and regulatory matters. Other senior members 
of staff joined the meetings, as appropriate. At some of the 
meetings, the committee met separately with the group’s 
internal audit manager and with the company’s audit 
partner and audit manager at EY, in each case without any 
member of the group’s executive management present; this 
gave the committee the opportunity to raise any concerns it 
had and any issues arising from their work.

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Corporate Governance

Audit committee continued

Advice, guidance and information
Formal agendas and reports are provided to the committee generally a week before its meetings, along with other information to 
enable it to discharge its duties. The following are but some of the information, documents and reports provided to the committee 
during the period: 

Financial reporting and external audit

Internal control and risk management

Internal audit

Reports from the chief financial officer on various 
matters, including key accounting matters and 
judgements, the company’s going concern status 
and loan covenant compliance 

Full and half-year review reports, including 
findings, prepared by EY 

Draft engagement/management 
representation letters

An updated financial controls 
memorandum for recommendation  
to the board

An internal audit plan and proposed changes in 
light of the ongoing pandemic and closure of the 
group’s estate

A whistleblowing policy and a summary 
of the group’s procedures for detecting 
fraud and preventing bribery

IT systems security update and a revised 
systems security management policy 
for approval

Various internal audit reports covering the results 
of findings, including the effectiveness of controls 
and various risks associated with them, generally 
stemming from the internal audit plan

An actions tracker for any outstanding matters as 
a result of findings made

Financial year-end audit planning report 
prepared by EY

Operational support managers’ 
audit results

Schedules of non-audit work performed by EY

An updated non-audit services policy 
for recommendation to the board

The FRC’s audit quality inspection of EY, EY’s 
audit quality report and EY’s 2020 transparency 
report (November 2020)

Significant matters considered in relation to the financial statements 
The following table sets out what the committee regards as the significant matters considered by it in relation to the group’s financial 
statements and how they were addressed.

Matter

How this is addressed

Going concern assessment 
and covenant compliance 

The group adopted the going concern basis of reporting in the preparation of the financial statements, 
albeit subject to material uncertainty. The committee reviewed various financial and scenario-based 
models underpinning the going concern assumption, the group’s balance sheet, the rate at which trade 
returns, the impact on cash flow and the overall capital position of the group. Note 25(b) on pages 
115 and 116 sets out the banking facilities that the group has available. The group expects, by the end 
of June 2022 (the ‘going concern’ period), to have available facilities of £235.0 million, having paid 
down the £30.0 million Bank of England’s Covid Corporate Financing Facility on 12 May 2021 and 
planning not to extend the £20.0 million RCF with NatWest beyond November 2021. All of the group’s 
lending banks have waived any technical ‘cessation of business’ breach of banking facilities as a result 
of any enforced closure of the group’s pubs and the financial covenant tests at June, September and 
December this year have been replaced with a monthly liquidity test. Whilst these models show sufficient 
liquidity for the going concern period, under the more severe model there is a material uncertainty 
that on reverting to the original banking covenants for the March 2022 and June 2022 quarter end 
tests, certain performance-based covenants would risk being breached. EY tested the cash flow forecast 
models prepared by management and found that management has made reasonable assumptions in its 
cash flow forecasts, which support the group and parent company preparing their financial statements 
on a going concern basis. EY also inspected covenant waivers from the group’s lending banks. As a 
result of the above, and although it is not possible to fully predict the extent of the ongoing impact that 
the coronavirus will have on the business, the committee was satisfied that the going concern basis of 
reporting was appropriate, albeit with the material uncertainty disclosed. 

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Matter

How this is addressed

Value of the group’s  
pub estate

Deferred taxation

Asset impairment 

Pandemic-related 
government assistance 
schemes

This number is by far the largest number on the balance sheet at 29 March 2021; note 18 on pages 
109 and 110 explains the valuation exercise undertaken. The committee focussed its attention on 
understanding and challenging the annual valuation exercise and the appropriate accounting approach 
and disclosures; it did this by reviewing the approach, the key assumptions, the valuation reports, and 
other documentation analysing the outcome of the exercise. Management’s valuation process, which 
was supported by the company’s valuation experts and included a ‘material valuation uncertainty’ due to 
the coronavirus, was also checked by EY’s property specialist, enabling EY to confirm to the committee 
that the valuation exercise was in accordance with accounting standards and in line with common 
practice in the industry. As a result of the above, the committee was satisfied that a thorough and robust 
valuation exercise had been undertaken, with appropriate challenges by EY and the committee, and that 
appropriate values were reflected in the balance sheet at 29 March 2021.

Management, with help from the group’s in-house tax manager, made certain judgements and 
produced detailed calculations supporting the estimated deferred tax movement and year-end balance. 
The workings supported the deferred tax liability on the rollover relief and property revaluations on each 
pub, as well as the treatment of capital losses, indexation and initial recognition exemptions. EY audited 
these calculations and workings. The outcome was that the committee was satisfied that the deferred tax 
provision shown in the balance sheet at 29 March 2021 was appropriate.

The severely impacted trade for the period due to coronavirus, was an indicator of impairment. 
Management completed full impairment tests on certain categories of assets across the group’s pub 
estate which included goodwill, right-of-use assets and fixtures and fittings. Having used both internal 
and external factors in the impairment testing, including preparing a financial model and forecast on the 
expected short-term impact of the coronavirus and future growth prospects, management’s assessment 
found there to be no impairment required. EY then challenged those qualitative and quantitative 
factors against industry knowledge, prior year audit conclusions and EY’s expectations, as well as 
full-year trading performance and future forecasts. The committee acknowledged that certain adverse 
changes to the assumptions in the impairment tests could result in a future impairment of those assets, 
but concluded that, at this stage, no impairment was necessary, and the disclosures reflected those 
sensitivities – note 17 on pages 107 and 108 sets out further information on these sensitivities.

During the period, the group was eligible for a number of government grant schemes which were 
introduced to mitigate the impact of covid-19 (note 9 on page 102 sets out further detail on amounts 
accessed). The grant schemes accessed include Eat Out to Help Out, Business Rate Grant, Coronavirus 
Job Retention Scheme, and the Covid Corporate Financing Facility. The group also took advantage 
of the business rate holiday and the reduced VAT level on eligible sales. EY tested the workings and 
accounting treatment of all government assistance schemes. The committee concluded that all schemes 
were correctly represented in the group’s financial statements for the period ending 29 March 2021.

EY’s audit report on pages 74 to 81 provides further detail on how some of the above matters were addressed.

Non-audit work carried out by EY
Throughout the period, the company had a formal policy in respect of non-audit work carried out by EY whilst appointed as the 
company’s external auditor; this was in place to mitigate any risks threatening, or appearing to threaten, EY’s independence and 
objectivity arising through the provision of services in addition to the statutory audit. The policy was updated just before the end of the 
period to reflect, in part, the Financial Reporting Council’s Revised Ethical Standard 2019. Under the updated policy, non-audit services 
are generally prohibited to be performed by EY unless they fall within a narrow list of permitted services where closely related to the 
audit and/or required by law or regulation; there are then additional safeguards that apply so as to avoid, amongst other things, EY 
auditing its own work and/or making management decisions for the company. Where the carrying out of certain work is permitted, 
the committee must still nevertheless approve the engagement. During the period, the company engaged EY for a limited amount of 
non-audit work comprising the interim review and preparation of turnover certificates for the Bull (Westfield (Shepherd’s Bush)) and 
the Cow (Westfield (Stratford)). The total fees paid to EY during the period for non-audit services amounted to £39,000 (13.0% of 
total fees paid to EY during the period) (2020: £39,000 and 21.0%). In the committee’s view, the nature and extent of the non-audit 
work carried out by EY did not impair their independence or objectivity.

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Corporate Governance

Audit committee continued

Qualification, objectivity, independence etc. 
and proposed re-appointment of EY
The committee felt that the qualification, expertise, resources 
and effectiveness of EY were appropriate in the context of 
the group wanting an effective and high-quality service, and 
that EY was independent of the group and not reliant on fees 
from the group. The committee concluded that EY’s work 
had been robust and perceptive, with EY’s reports showing a 
good understanding of the company’s business. As part of its 
assessment process, the committee had:

   reviewed the audit plan for the period ended 29 March 2021 
as regards the activities to be undertaken by EY and EY’s final 
audit results report, and considered how EY had handled the 
key accounting and audit matters that had arisen;

   been provided with a copy of the Financial Reporting 
Council’s July 2020 audit quality inspection report in 
respect of EY and a copy of EY’s published audit quality and 
transparency reports for the UK;

    reviewed an independence report prepared by EY, which 
contained all significant facts and matters bearing upon EY’s 
integrity, independence and objectivity that EY was required 
to communicate to the company as per the FRC Ethical 
Standard and ISA (UK) 260 “Communication of audit matters 
with those charged with governance”;

   considered EY’s proposed fees for the group’s audit for the 
period ended 29 March 2021 and the additional non-audit 
services for that same period; and

  obtained the views of management.

The fees paid to EY for audit services for the period ended 
29 March 2021 were £0.3 million (2020: £0.2 million). 

As a result of the above assessment process, the committee 
has recommended the re-appointment of EY as the company’s 
auditor, and EY has expressed its willingness to continue. 
A resolution to re-appoint EY and a resolution to enable the 
directors to set EY’s remuneration will therefore be proposed at 
the forthcoming AGM.

Risk and internal control
The board has overall responsibility for the group’s systems 
of internal control and risk management and for reviewing 
their effectiveness. These systems cannot eliminate risk and are 
therefore designed to minimise and manage it – they provide 
reasonable but not absolute assurance and seek to:

•  mitigate risks which might cause the failure of 

business objectives;

•  prevent material misstatement or loss;

•  help safeguard assets against unauthorised use or disposal;

•  ensure the maintenance and reliability of proper accounting 
records and financial information used within the business or 
for publication; and

•  help achieve compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

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The executive directors are responsible for implementing and 
maintaining the systems, and the committee assists the board 
in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities by monitoring the 
systems’ integrity.

The group’s strategic priorities and their connection to the 
principal risks and uncertainties facing the business are listed on 
page 14. This is not an exhaustive list of all significant risks and 
uncertainties; some may currently be unknown (as was originally 
the case with the coronavirus outbreak) and others currently 
regarded as immaterial could turn out to be material.

The following is an overview of the main parts of the group’s 
systems of internal control and risk management:

•  clearly defined reporting lines up to the board;

•  clearly set levels of authorisation throughout the business;

•  a detailed financial controls memorandum;

• 

• 

the preparation of a comprehensive annual budget and 
the preparation of a vision document which is reviewed 
and approved by the executive directors and then further 
reviewed and approved by the board;

the circulation of monthly management accounts, including 
commentary on significant variances, updated profit and cash 
flow expectations for the year and actual capital expenditure 
compared to budget and signed-off sums;

•  a detailed investment approval process requiring board 

authorisation for all pub purchases and major projects (with 
regular performance reviews of invested pubs for a certain 
period post-investment);

•  board approval for disposals;

•  regular reporting of material claims and legal and accounting 

developments to the board;

•  regular circulation of the group’s anti-bribery policy to 

Riverside House employees and pub general managers, and 
assessment of Riverside House employees’ understanding of 
that policy; 

• 

the group’s internal audit function and the group’s in-house 
team of operations support managers; and

•  ongoing health and safety audits and monitoring of 

accident statistics, with audit results being a standing item 
at board meetings.

In light of the ongoing impact of covid-19 and the significant 
periods during which the estate was closed, the group’s systems 
of internal control and risk management were a key focus for the 
committee, as were the emergence of new risks and the increase 
in existing ones. The committee sought to ensure the adequacy 
and appropriateness of these systems and made changes to the 
internal audit plan to assist with this.

The group’s internal audit manager sits within the finance team, 
with a clear line of communication to both the chairman of 
the committee and the joint company secretaries, remaining 
independent of the areas under review. He performs internal 
reviews of financial, compliance and operational areas according 
to a programme set by the committee, following input from the 
chief financial officer. Audit findings, management responses 
and progress on recommended actions were presented to 
the committee. Management may supplement the internal 
resource for these reviews with specialist external resources; 
however, none were perceived as being required during the 
period. The internal audit manager also reviewed the design 
and operation of the group’s key controls, as documented in the 
group’s financial controls memorandum. The results of this work 
were shared with the executive directors concerned and with the 
committee; with that committee’s approval, the memorandum 
was updated. 

In the previous period, a cyber security maturity assessment was 
completed with assistance from a specialist external provider. 
During the period, work was progressed on some of the projects 
identified as enhancing and making more secure the group’s IT 
infrastructure and ways of working.

Reporting to the internal audit manager is the team of operations 
support managers. Throughout the period, they undertook a 
programme of retail audits across the managed house estate. 
Through these audits, they independently reviewed compliance 
with business policies, and they provided best practice support 
to pub management, principally in the areas of stock and 
cash management. The team holds relevant knowledge and 
experience to perform this role, drawn from their time as 
members of the finance department after employment in one or 
more of the group’s pubs. Aggregate retail audit results for the 
group’s operating divisions are presented to senior management, 
including the executive directors, and to the committee.

The group has business continuity arrangements in place with 
third parties. It also has business continuity plans for each of the 
departments within Riverside House.

The group has a whistleblowing policy that is overseen by 
the committee. This policy allows staff to raise any concerns 
in confidence directly with the chairman of the committee, 
the company secretary or the group’s internal audit manager. 
The audit committee believes, based on experience to date, 
that this policy is effective and staff members are aware of it.

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Corporate Governance

Remuneration committee

Nick Miller
Committee Chair

Primary function
The committee’s primary function is to determine the 
remuneration packages of the executive directors. This is in the 
context of the company’s reward policy which is designed to 
incentivise the executive directors appropriately and support the 
delivery of the group’s strategic objectives which are aligned with 
the long-term interest of both shareholders and key stakeholders. 

Terms of reference
The committee’s duties are set out in its terms of reference which 
can be found in the investors section of www.youngs.co.uk.

Committee membership, meetings 
and attendance
The committee is made up of four of the board’s non-executive 
directors. It is chaired by Nick Miller; the other members are 
Roger Lambert, Ian McHoul and Torquil Sligo-Young. Nick and 
Roger served on the committee throughout the period; Ian and 
Torquil joined in January and October respectively. Trish Corzine 
served on the committee until she stepped down from the board 
in January. The committee met six times during the period and 
the table on page 55 sets out each member’s attendance record.

Advice, guidance and information 
General advice and guidance is provided to the committee by 
the company secretary. 

During the period, additional external advice and assistance was 
obtained on:

•  aspects of the Investment Association’s Principles of 

Remuneration for 2021 and its guidance on shareholder 
expectations during the covid-19 pandemic, and

• 

the introduction of clawback arrangements for bonus awards 
to be made under the company’s deferred annual bonus 
scheme for FY2021/22 and later years.

Where possible, agendas and supporting papers are provided to 
the committee a week before its meetings.

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The company’s reward policy as 
regards the executive directors 
focusses on the long term, in line 
with the board’s strategy and 
business model for long-term 
shareholder value creation. It is 
consistent with the group’s approach 
to risk management and does not 
encourage inappropriate risks to be 
taken to achieve performance targets.

Remuneration: executive directors
Against the background of the company’s reward policy, 
the committee decided a number of years ago that total 
remuneration levels for the executive directors should be in line 
with the market for the performance achieved, with an element 
of the total remuneration varying according to achievement of 
key performance targets. The main elements of the executives’ 
reward packages therefore ordinarily comprise:

•  a basic salary;

•  a range of benefits, including life assurance, regular medical 
check-ups, a car scheme or a car allowance (at levels set in 
2008), private medical insurance and a pension (see note 8 
on page 101); and

• 

to satisfy the ‘variable’ element, a stretching deferred annual 
bonus scheme.

In light of the pandemic, no bonus scheme was offered for 
FY2020/21. Further, despite the executive team’s huge amount 
of hard work over the period and their remarkable leadership, the 
committee determined that no discretionary bonuses would be 
payable either; this is reflected in the ‘Bonus 2021’ column in note 
8(b) appearing on page 101, and it is the second year in a row for 
which the executive team has not received any bonus pay-out.

As previously reported, the executives’ basic annual salaries were 
reduced by 20% for April, May and June 2020 in light of the 
pandemic; this is likewise reflected in the remuneration table 
appearing in note 8(b) on page 101. For FY2021/22, it is the 
committee’s current position that there should be no pay increases 
for the executive directors. Within three months of the estate re-
opening, this position will be reviewed in the light of the estate’s 
performance. The committee is open to introducing a pay increase, 
with this possibly being effective from the start of FY2021/22.

Following the announcement in February of the government’s 
roadmap to the easing of lockdown restrictions, the committee 
chose to reintroduce, for FY2021/22, the executive deferred 
annual bonus scheme. Set out in the following table are the 
performance conditions to which the bonus awards are subject 
and the overall caps applicable; the percentages shown are 
percentages of basic annual salary.

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Patrick Dardis
Mike Owen
Simon Dodd
Tracy Dodd

Adjusted profit before tax
100%
100%
80%
50%

Personal objectives
25%
25%
20%
50%

Cap
125%
125%
100%
100%

The inclusion of personal objectives recognises the specific 
executive roles and responsibilities each director has.

The executive directors are aware that the committee will be 
taking certain other factors into account at the end of FY2021/22 
in deciding whether to pay any bonus. For reasons of 
commercial sensitivity, the detail behind these factors isn’t being 
disclosed in this report; however, they do relate, amongst other 
things, to the company’s available liquidity (see Liquidity position: 
strengthening on page 22), the payment and recommendation 
of dividends to shareholders, and whether any member of the 
group applies for, or receives, any grant or assistance under any 
coronavirus-related government support schemes during or in 
respect of FY2021/22 outside of certain limited exceptions. 

The committee’s view is that the bonus scheme will continue to 
support the company’s strategy and business plan: the executive 
directors have been incentivised in a way that is aligned with 
both the group’s long-term financial performance and the 
interests of shareholders.

Further detail of how the bonus scheme operates is in note 31, 
starting on page 126. As is explained in that note, the ‘matching’ 
share part of the bonus scheme is linked to the growth of the 
group’s adjusted earnings per share over a set period. For the 
‘matching’ shares issued in June 2018 – only relevant to three 
directors: Patrick Dardis, Tracy Dodd and Torquil Sligo-Young – 
the earnings per share performance condition was determined 
to be met as to 0%. This was entirely down to the pandemic’s 
impact on trade. As a result, Patrick, Tracy and Torquil will have 
to transfer 7,089 A shares, 393 A shares and 3,464 A shares 
respectively to the Ram Brewery Trust II for £nil in due course. 

Details of the executive directors’ remuneration appear in note 
8(b) on page 101. Details of pension benefits, other benefits 
(principally car-related (which can be taken in cash and if 
this is done, they are then shown as part of a director’s basic 
salary and fees) and private medical insurance) and interests 
in the company’s savings-related share option scheme are 
in notes 8(b) and 8(e) respectively, on pages 101 and 102 
respectively. No executive director is involved in deciding their 
own remuneration.

Remuneration: non-executive directors
The initial remuneration of the non-executive directors is 
determined by the board, but any fee increase is decided by the 
executive committee, with the intention being that the fees paid 
are not out of line with the market and go some way towards 
rewarding the non-executives for the time they commit to 
the business; accordingly, all non-executive directors receive a 
basic fee. 

Apart from any entitlement arising from a previous executive 
role in the company, the non-executives do not participate in 
bonus schemes or share options and they are not members 
of any group pension scheme other than for the purposes of 
complying with pension auto-enrolment legislation. As a result of 
having been executive directors, Stephen Goodyear and Torquil 
Sligo-Young are pensioner members of the group’s defined 
benefit pension scheme. Torquil continues to make use of a 
company car; details of his holding of shares under the terms of 
the deferred annual bonus scheme is in note 31(a) starting on 
page 126, and his interest in the company’s SAYE share option 
scheme is shown in note 8(e) on page 102. 

The non-executive directors are entitled to be reimbursed for 
certain business-related expenses. 

Details of the remuneration of the non-executive directors who 
were in office during the period appear in note 8(b) on page 
101. As previously reported, their basic fees were reduced by 
20% for April, May and June 2020 in light of the pandemic, 
hence the year-on-year numbers being lower. 

The executive committee has likewise chosen to defer any 
decision as to any increase in the non-executives’ basic fees for 
FY2021/22.

By order of the board

Anthony Schroeder
Joint Company Secretary

19 May 2021

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Corporate Governance

Directors’ report
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

Directors
Details of our directors appear on pages 48 and 51. All of them served throughout the period. No other person was a director during 
the period other than Trish Corzine who stepped down as a director on 11 January 2021.

Directors’ interests in the company’s share capital
Set out below are the interests in the company’s share capital of the directors who held office at the end of the period and of the 
persons closely associated with them (as defined in the UK Market Abuse Regulation). These interests are in addition to those shown 
in note 8(e) on page 102.

Stephen Goodyear1, 2

Beneficial 

Patrick Dardis1, 2

Mike Owen1

Simon Dodd1, 3

Tracy Dodd1, 4

Roger Lambert

Nick Miller

Ian McHoul

Beneficial 

Beneficial 

Beneficial 

Beneficial 

Beneficial 

Beneficial

Beneficial

Torquil Sligo-Young1, 2, 5, 6

Beneficial

 Trustee

As at

29 March 2021
30 March 2020

29 March 2021
 30 March 2020

29 March 2021
30 March 2020

29 March 2021
30 March 2020

29 March 2021
 30 March 2020

29 March 2021
 30 March 2020

29 March 2021
30 March 2020

29 March 2021
30 March 2020

29 March 2021
 30 March 2020

29 March 2021
 30 March 2020

A shares

200,424
202,321

97,906
114,591

3,317
301

4,163
–

11,413
12,763

6,252
5,250

58,587
58,200

3,000
–

279,874
282,340

4,154,340
4,154,340

Non-voting shares

3,265
–

–
–

2,040
–

–
–

–
–

6,818
5,000

408
–

2,000
–

15,081
25,081

499,591
574,671

1  Also interested in 7,652 (2020: 7,526) A shares held in trust by RBT II Trustees Limited – see note 32 on page 129.

2  Also interested in 337,067 (2020: 337,067) A shares held in trust by Young’s Pension Trustees Limited – see note 32 on page 128.

3  This does not include Tracy Dodd’s interest in the company’s share capital as a person closely associated with Simon Dodd.

4  This does not include Simon Dodd’s interest in the company’s share capital as a person closely associated with Tracy Dodd.

5   Torquil Sligo-Young and various members of his immediate family are discretionary beneficiaries under trusts holding 836,368 (2020: 836,368) of the A shares and 453,543 (2020: 478,623) 

of the non-voting shares in respect of which Torquil Sligo-Young is shown as trustee in the above table.

6   This does not include Young’s Pension Trustees Limited’s interest in the company’s share capital as a person closely associated with Torquil Sligo-Young (but see (2) above and note 32 

on page 128).

Profit and dividends
The loss for the period attributable to shareholders was 
£38.3 million. As announced on 17 March 2021, the board is 
not recommending payment of a dividend for the company’s 
financial year ended on 29 March 2021.

Disclosure of information to the auditor
Each of the directors shown on pages 48 and 51 confirms that 
so far as he or she is aware, there is no information needed by 
the company’s auditor in connection with preparing its report 
of which the company’s auditor is unaware. Further, each of 
them confirms that he or she has taken all the steps that he 
or she ought to have taken as a director to make himself or 
herself aware of any such information and to establish that 
the company’s auditor is aware of it. This paragraph is to be 
interpreted in accordance with section 418 of the Companies 
Act 2006.

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Qualifying indemnity provisions
The company’s articles of association contain an indemnity 
provision for the benefit of the directors; this provision, which is a 
qualifying third party indemnity provision, is in force at the date 
of this report and was in force throughout the period. A further 
qualifying third party indemnity provision is also in force at the 
date of this report and was in force throughout the period; this 
benefits Stephen Goodyear, Patrick Dardis and Torquil Sligo-
Young and relates to certain losses and liabilities which they may 
incur as a result of or in connection with anything properly done 
by them as attorneys under a property-related power of attorney 
made by the company in May 2016.

Important events since the end of the period 
and likely future developments

As permitted under section 414C(11) of the Companies Act 
2006, the directors have chosen to include in the strategic report 
(on pages 1 to 42) particulars of important events affecting the 
group which have occurred since the end of the period and an 
indication of likely future developments in the group’s business. 

Political donations
No political donations were made during the period.

Financial instruments and related matters
Included in note 25 on page 113, are the group’s financial risk 
management objectives and policies and an indication of the 
group’s exposure to certain risks. Those elements of that note 
form part of this report and are incorporated by reference.

Employee engagement
The company continued to prioritise communications with 
employees during the period. Within the practical limitation of 
confidentiality and security, information was provided to them 
across a range of topics such as the impact of coronavirus, 
trading and operational matters, and board and staff changes.

Given the impact of coronavirus, the company employed new 
methods of communication which included the use of Zoom by 
Patrick Dardis, the chief executive, to deliver the company’s full-
year results presentation to employees based at Riverside House 
as well as general managers across the company’s estate, and to 
receive and answer questions. The company also set up a closed 
Facebook group to provide updates on general arrangements, 
address queries from employees and to publish video messages 
from Patrick Dardis. All employees were invited to join the group 
regardless of whether they remained at work or were designated 
as “furloughed”, under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme; 
this allowed direct engagement across the entire workforce. 
The Facebook group encouraged engagement and interaction 
across all levels of the workforce and across all locations. 
They featured topical elements such as video clips of clapping in 
support of the NHS, fundraising efforts in the local community, 
community efforts such as cooking meals for NHS staff, window 
dressing and supporting local foodbanks. In addition, group 
members were encouraged to share pictures and clips of their 
pets, their seasonal crafts and their baking, and a Young’s Strava 
group was set up for employees to share and encourage each 
other with various exercise challenges. These initiatives were 

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well received by employees and helped maintain engagement 
and interaction, particularly for those who might otherwise have 
struggled with isolation.

To address the interruption of normal communication 
arrangements for employees due to a significant proportion 
of employees and their line managers being designated as 
“furloughed”, the company set up a dedicated email address 
to receive and deal with employee concerns across a variety 
of areas. This ensured employees were able to reach out 
for support throughout the year and it saw a number of 
positive outcomes, such as assisting an employee who had 
become homeless find accommodation within the group’s 
staff accommodation and providing mental health support for 
employees who were experiencing difficulties.

Within the constraints imposed by the impact of coronavirus, 
the company continued to consult with its employees and 
their representatives, using the company’s information and 
consultation committee. This long-established committee 
aims to enhance communications within the company, 
supplying information and giving opportunity for feedback and 
consultation, improve employee awareness and involvement 
and to support ongoing improvement within the business. 
Members of the committee are elected by the employees 
based at Riverside House, with team members in the group’s 
managed pubs having both an elected representative and a 
nominated management representative, with the latter being 
one of the group’s directors of operations. In the circumstances, 
the committee met only once during the period, with the chief 
financial officer joining that meeting to update the committee. 
A briefing sheet, summarising the outcomes from the meeting, 
was communicated within the business – this was initially 
emailed to all employees based at Riverside House, with the 
group’s operations managers then being responsible for 
cascading that information down to the pub managers within 
their area via divisional meetings and the pub managers then 
having to pass it down further through team briefings within 
their pubs. Each representative and pub manager is responsible 
for feeding back the information discussed at the committee’s 
meetings, acting as a point of contact for individuals wishing 
to discuss matters and/or raise agenda items for discussion at 
meetings, and seeking further employees’ views and ideas on 
matters, all in order to provide feedback to the board. 

To encourage further involvement and interest in the group’s 
performance, the company operated a savings-related share 
option scheme for eight consecutive years to 2019. However, 
due to the impact of coronavirus and the disproportionate impact 
of furlough on a significant proportion of the group’s employees, 
this scheme was not offered for 2020; the intention is to 
recommence it in 2021.

In recognition of the vital role that a select group of individuals 
(all below board level) played during the covid-19 crisis following 
the initial closure of the group’s pubs in March 2020 and in 
the lead up to the pubs reopening in July, the company offered 
those individuals the opportunity to receive a special one-off 
retention and reward bonus. The terms of the offer were such 
that the net bonus amount would be used to purchase shares 
in the company on their behalf; no cash only alternative was 
available. Everyone accepted the offer; this resulted in 13,542 

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Directors’ report continued

A shares being acquired from the Ram Brewery Trust II at 
1,300p per share (which was the mid-market closing price of 
an A share on 31 December 2020, being the last dealing day 
before the shares were purchased). All the shares are subject 
to restrictions which ordinarily mean that the individuals who 
received them cannot sell them before 18 December 2021. 
Further, if the individual ‘leaves’ the company before that date 
other than in limited ‘good leaver’ circumstances, he or she will 
have to transfer the shares back to the trust for £nil.

The board maintained its support for the company’s wellness 
initiatives, paying particular attention to employee mental health 
and financial wellbeing, taking into account the extended 
impact of government lockdowns and tier restrictions. By way 
of example, the company offered fully-funded counselling to 
employees at no cost to them on a one-to-one confidential basis 
with a qualified counsellor; by using alternative mechanisms 
such as FaceTime and WhatsApp chat, this support was available 
throughout the year.

Young’s also continued its relationship with Salary Finance, 
an independent company authorised and regulated by the 
Financial Conduct Authority that offers a range of financial 
services, including loans and savings products, as well as 
education and financial tools. During the period, over 350 
employees sought their help and advice, and a number of 
employees took advantage of the loan and debt support they 
provide. All employee communications are directly with Salary 
Finance, and Young’s does not receive any financial benefit or 
commission from offering this service.

During the period, five employees undertook the Level 2 
Certificate in understanding mental health first aid and mental 
health advocacy in the workplace; this was delivered via distance 
learning by Milton Keynes College. These employees will support 
the existing mental health first aiders and mental health first 
aid champions across the business. An email address remained 
available for employees to report concerns about others in 
the workplace; all issues reported were fully investigated, with 
advice or referral to external services as appropriate. In addition, 
information on supporting mental health was published on 
the closed Facebook page, signposting employees who may 
be experiencing mental health crises to appropriate services. 
The company’s corporate social media accounts also supported 
the company’s positive stance on mental health and a number of 
items about mental health were shared publicly.

The company continued to provide information about the 
support available to employees from the Licensed Trade Charity 
(the “LTC”) and, in particular, coronavirus-specific assistance. 
They were also reminded of the 24/7 helpline and financial 
support on offer. The LTC was first established in 1793; it aims 
to provide pubs, bar and brewery people facing a crisis with 
practical, emotional and financial support each year. During the 
period, more than 230 visits were made to the unique Young’s 
landing page on the LTC website, and the LTC received over 
45 calls from individuals who identified themselves as Young’s 
employees. In addition, financial grants of over £4,500 were 
made to Young’s employees. Managers were also signposted via 
the Facebook group to online mental health training delivered 
by the LTC.

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Throughout the period, the company took active steps to 
promote government messages about coronavirus in the 
workplace and, upon reopening, provided specific training in 
a covid-secure workplace to all employees. Where employees 
were considered clinically extremely vulnerable and not able 
to work from home, the company used the Coronavirus Job 
Retention Scheme to support them to remain in employment 
until it was safe for them to return to work. Particular attention 
was paid to hygiene and cleaning and the ‘stay at home’ / 
‘self-isolation’ ‘rules’ if anyone developed any of the symptoms. 
Where possible, working from home was encouraged; as a 
result all Riverside House teams worked remotely for much 
of the period.

Where employees’ furlough pay under the rules of the 
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme exceeded the maximum 
payable, the company topped up employees’ pay so that all 
employees who were designated as “furloughed” received 80% 
of their actual pay. 

The impact of government restrictions and use of “tiering” 
meant some employees were working below their normal hours 
when the company’s pubs and hotels were open. The company 
introduced a “pick up a shift” system which allowed employees 
to volunteer to work in a similar role at their normal rate of pay 
elsewhere within the company. Not only did this help to maintain 
employee earnings levels, but it retained trained employees 
within the company’s businesses while giving employees 
experience of working in a variety of pubs and hotels.

Employment inclusion and diversity
Young’s is an inclusive employer and diversity is important to it. 
It therefore maintained its policy of: 

•  giving full and fair consideration to all applications for 

employment, taking account of the applicant’s particular 
aptitude and ability;

•  seeking to continue to employ anyone who becomes 

physically and/or mentally impaired while employed by the 
company and arranging training in a role appropriate to the 
person’s changed circumstances; and

•  giving all employees equal opportunities for training, career 

development and promotion.

Greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption 
and energy efficiency action
In this section of this report:

•  “BEIS” means the Department for Business, Energy and 

Industrial Strategy; 

•  “kWh” means kilowatt hours; and

•  “tCO2e” means tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent.

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Revenue in £ million

No. of managed houses at the year-end

The annual quantity of emissions in tCO2e resulting from activities for which the group was responsible 
involving (i) the combustion of gas or (ii) the consumption of fuel for the purposes of transport

2021

90.6

210

6,323

2020

311.6

207

8,247

The annual quantity of emissions in tCO2e resulting from the purchase of electricity by the group for its 
own use, including for the purposes of transport

2,107

8,727

The annual quantity of energy consumed in kWh from activities for which the group was responsible 
involving (i) the combustion of gas or (ii) the consumption of fuel for the purposes of transport, together 
with the annual quantity of energy consumed in kWh resulting from the purchase of electricity by the 
group for its own use, including for the purposes of transport

43,132,027

78,613,804

The group’s annual emissions: ratio of tCO2e per £ million of revenue

93.05:1

54.47:1

The following methodologies were used to calculate the 
above quantities:

• 

• 

• 

the kWh consumption figures relevant to gas, electricity, 
district heating (i.e. a system for distributing heat generated 
in a centralised location through a system of insulated pipes 
for residential and commercial heating requirements such 
as space heating and water heating) and district cooling 
(i.e. a system working on broadly similar principles to district 
heating but delivering chilled water to buildings needing 
cooling) were taken from invoices received by the groupi – 
the kWh figures were then converted to tCO2e figures using 
the then current conversion factors published by BEIS; 

the consumption figures relevant to propane were taken 
from invoices received by the group1 – these were either 
in kilograms or litres delivered and were then converted to 
kWh and tCO2e using the then current conversion factors 
published by BEIS; and

the consumption figures relevant to transport were calculated 
using expensed mileage figures – to calculate tCO2e for 
company cars, the group then used the car manufacturer’s 
gCO2/km data and increased this by 22.9% per guidelines 
issued by BEIS – to calculate tCO2e for mileage completed 
in other cars, the conversion was made using figures for an 
average car per guidance issued by BEIS – in each case, the 
resulting tCO2e figures were then converted to kWh using 
the then current fuel conversion factors published by BEIS – 
where the fuel type used was unknown, the unknown fuel 
metric was used in line with guidance published by BEIS.

1    For 2021, the invoices referred to above cover the period April 2020 through to and 

including December 2020. They have been supplemented by estimated invoices for January 
to March 2021. For 2020, the invoices referred to above cover the period April 2019 through 
to and including January 2020, supplemented by estimated invoices for February to March 
2020. Estimated invoices have had to be used in both years due to invoices not received from 
the group’s energy suppliers.

During the period, the group undertook various activities to 
increase the group’s energy efficiency. These principally involved 
the roll out of further installations of the following: building 
management systems to control heating and cooling, cellar 

cooling controls, variable current refrigeration compressor 
controls, and additives to wet heating systems to improve their 
efficiency. In addition, energy efficient pump units were fitted to 
beer coolers in various pubs and a number of waterless urinals 
were installed.

Engagement with suppliers, customers 
and others in a business relationship with 
the company
The following section should be read in conjunction with the 
Section 172(1) statement starting on page 18 (as the directors 
have chosen to include in that part of the strategic report 
further information as regards the company’s engagement 
with suppliers, customers and other in a business relationship 
with the company, as permitted under section 414C(11) of the 
Companies Act 2006).

Young’s has been in business since 1831 when Charles Allen 
Young and Anthony Fothergill Bainbridge started a brewery and 
pub company, with this leading to the company’s incorporation 
in 1890. Understandably, to have remained in business for so 
long and have achieved the success it has, the company has 
had to build and maintain good, strong and mutually beneficial 
business relationships with suppliers, customers and others over 
the years. During the period, the board remained alert to the 
importance of this continuing and how the company’s long-term 
success relies, amongst other things, on good business relations 
with this range of external stakeholders.

The company’s long-term strategy and business model 
(summarised on page 14) have been tried and tested over a 
number of years. As such, many of the company’s business 
relationships have been in place for quite some time; things 
nevertheless were kept under review during the period to ensure 
that, amongst other things, the company offered a responsible 
and covid-19 safe environment for its customers and, pandemic 
permitting, the company could continue to maintain its 
reputation as a provider of a market-leading, premium offering 
that new and existing customers would want to enjoy and with 
which suppliers and others would want to be associated. 

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Directors’ report continued

Throughout the period, the company remained actively engaged 
with suppliers and customers. It did this in a variety of ways, 
some of which became the norm as the company entered 
extended periods of restricted trading or lockdown: regular 
meetings via Zoom became the order of the day with suppliers, 
and an engagement strategy with customers, carried out through 
regular e-marketing and social media, ensured strengthened 
central, as well as local pub-level, messaging. 

Over ten million personalised emails were sent during the year: 
these allowed customers to remain in contact with the business 
during restricted trading periods and closure, and ensured they 
were kept up to date on reopenings and the regularly changing 
trading restrictions. The company’s communications were further 
bolstered through ongoing social media contact, including 
Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. As the company anticipated, 
social media provided an agile communications platform that 
proved to be particularly useful during the period: in spring 
2020, the company had 10,000+ Instagram followers; this 
increased by roughly 50% during the period as a result of the 
company’s strengthened engagement.

Online review platforms such as Google, TripAdvisor and 
DesignMyNight enabled customers to give speedy and 
relevant opinion and comment, and a cloud-based reputation 
management system used by the company allowed it to assimilate 
the feedback received. This was especially helpful in determining 
and understanding, on a pub-by-pub basis, customer response 
to the stringent covid-19 measures introduced by the company 
when the estate was allowed to reopen in July.

It now seems to be very much the case that most customer 
journeys start online, and the company’s online bookings have 
grown significantly as a huge proportion of the company’s 
customers tended to book ahead of their visits. Digital has 
proved a key communications channel for the company’s 
customers through a period of uncertainty.

The company’s booking terms and conditions were regularly 
updated throughout the year to ensure customers were aware 
of any changes or restrictions for their visits. This was particularly 
important with the frequently changing tier restrictions last autumn.

Across the period and at a time when customers were seeking 
reassurance before venturing out to their favourite pubs and 
hotels, more than 200,000 customers visited the company’s 
‘Things you need to know’ page: this covered the government’s 
covid-19 regulations and the responsible and heartening 
measures the company was taking in response. 

On reopening, every pub in the managed estate was visited 
by at least one member of the board or senior management: 
this was to reassure the pub’s teams and customers as to the 
company’s commitment to them.

The company introduced an ‘order to table’ solution for its 
On Tap app, providing a premium, restricted contact, table 
service solution for customers. Nearly half a million customers 
used On Tap since the reopening of the pubs in July last year, 
and, together, they placed over 1.4 million orders to a value of 
more than £24 million. The app accounted, on average, for 34% 
of transactions on reopening; for those that signed up to this, 
it also allowed the company to communicate directly with them 
through enhanced in-app content and push notifications. 

The Great British Staycation was the focus of the company’s 
hotel marketing strategy throughout the summer. It saw the 
introduction of a number of different leisure packages for guests, 
communicated via e-marketing and social communications, 
to encourage guests to come and stay responsibly.

For the mutual benefit of the company and its customers and 
suppliers, the company continued to leverage the relationships 
it has with its suppliers, especially those providing drink 
products (as drink sales historically count for roughly 70% of the 
company’s sales in any year). So, rather than just source products 
from its drink suppliers and sell them on to its customers, the 
company continued to look at ways of working more closely, 
proactively and collaboratively with those suppliers to create 
or increase consumer demand. Whilst many of the company’s 
planned activities were not able to take place due to the 
pandemic, a number did happen, and the following are just four 
illustrative examples of the benefits ensuing from those close, 
proactive and collaborative relationships:

•  Camden Town Brewery supported the company’s outdoor 

spaces on reopening by providing temporary bars to enhance 
speed of service and allow takeaway solutions for selected 
pubs – branded merchandise was also provided to encourage 
customers to order via On Tap;

•  Orchard Thieves Cider provided branded huts for pub 

gardens to provide shelter for customers when requirements 
for mixed households restricted indoor gatherings;

•  as customers were welcomed back safely last summer, Diageo 

GB provided high-quality permanent sanitiser dispenser 
units, medical grade hand sanitiser and personal protection 
equipment for all Young’s managed house pubs; and

•  key suppliers (such as Diageo GB, Camden Town Brewery, 
Carlsberg Marston’s Brewing Group, Campari Group, 
Berkmann Wine Cellars and Heineken) joined forces with 
the company to reward selected customers with an exclusive 
treat on Young’s Day, 17 September 2020, which could 
be redeemed via the Young’s On Tap app: customers 
were awarded bar tabs, staycations and/or complimentary 
drinks in recognition of their loyalty to the company’s pubs 
on reopening.

A customer-focussed central marketing campaign, ‘Socialising 
Responsibly since 1831’, was created to convey the company’s 
covid-19 safe environment on reopening. This ran across all 
digital platforms, including paid digital advertising, and across 
welcome boards and communications throughout the pub to 
remind customers of the different ways of operating and the 
company’s enhanced health and safety measures.

With a roadmap for the end of lockdown restrictions having 
been announced in February, work towards the end of the 
period turned to ‘Together at Young’s’ and plans for the 
company’s 190th birthday in September. These central themes 
will underpin the company’s customer communications during 
a summer of togetherness and a year of celebrations planned in 
partnership with the company’s key suppliers. 

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

A taster of what’s to come, some of which have already gone 
live, includes: 

•  a new range of bespoke flavoured gin serves, exclusively 
paired with Fever-Tree mixers and sodas, as part of the 
company’s ”Let the Summer Be Gin” campaign;
•  Metroland Shack Sessions, an exclusive beer for the 

company’s Burger Shacks, produced by Two Tribes Brewery;

•  key events, in conjunction with tournament partners 

Heineken and Sipsmith, linked to some of this summer’s 
major sporting events such as the delayed UEFA Euro 2020 
football tournament and The Championships, Wimbledon;
•  a ‘Pints for Prints’ promotion with Camden Town Brewery 

which will allow customers to get exclusive Young’s birthday 
artwork; and

•  a bespoke 190th birthday glass available from 

Beavertown Brewery.

Corporate governance arrangements
The report on the company’s corporate governance arrangements 
is set out on pages 43 to 67. That report forms part of this report 
and is incorporated by reference.

AIM
The company’s shares are traded on AIM. There are no other 
exchanges or trading platforms on which the company has 
applied or agreed to have its shares admitted or traded. 

AGM
The notice convening the AGM is set out on pages 131 to 135; 
notes explaining the resolutions being proposed are on pages 
136 and 137.

Notifications of major holdings of voting rights
As at 29 March 2021, the company had been notified of 
the following holdings of 3% or more of the voting rights 
in the company: 

Torquil Sligo-Young

James Young

Caroline Chelton

Octopus Investments Nominees Ltd 

Canaccord Genuity Group Inc.

Lindsell Train Limited

12.76%

11.20%

10.09%

10.05%

5.55%

4.89%

BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Ltd

<5.00%

Alice Parasram

3.30%

On 19 April 2021, Octopus Investments Nominees 
Limited notified the company that their holding had then 
changed to 11.06%; on 6 May 2021, Blackrock Investment 
Management (UK) Ltd notified the company that their 
holding had then changed to 5.07%. No other changes in 
the above holdings, and no other holdings of 3% or more 
of the voting rights in the company, had been notified to 
the company between 30 March 2021 and 18 May 2021, 
both dates inclusive. 

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Statement of certain responsibilities in relation 
to the financial statements and otherwise
For each financial period, the directors are required to prepare 
an annual report (made up of a strategic report and a directors’ 
report) and a set of financial statements. The latter must be 
prepared in accordance with international accounting standards 
in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006 (IFRS) and applicable law, and must present fairly the 
financial position of the group and the financial performance and 
cash flows of the group for the relevant period. As regards the 
company’s financial statements (as opposed to the ones for the 
group), the directors have chosen to prepare them under IFRS 
too. In preparing the financial statements, the directors have to 
make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable 
and prudent, select suitable accounting policies and then apply 
them consistently, and information, including accounting policies, 
must be presented in a manner that provides relevant, reliable 
and comparable information. There also has to be included 
a note that the group has complied with IFRS, subject to any 
material departures disclosed and explained in the financial 
statements. Under the Companies Act 2006, the directors are 
responsible for keeping accounting records which disclose with 
reasonable accuracy, at any time, the financial position of the 
group and the company at that time and are such to enable 
them to ensure that the financial statements comply with that 
Act. The directors are also responsible for safeguarding the 
assets of the group and the company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and 
other irregularities.

Preparation and disclaimer
This annual report, together with the strategic report (on pages 
1 to 42) and the financial statements for the period ended 
29 March 2021, have been drawn up and presented for the 
purpose of complying with English law. Any liability arising out of 
or in connection with them will also be determined in accordance 
with English law.

By order of the board

Anthony Schroeder
Joint Company Secretary

19 May 2021

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Independent auditors’ report
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

Independent auditor’s report to the members 
of Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.
Opinion
In our opinion:

•  Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.’s group financial statements 
and parent company financial statements (the “financial 
statements”) give a true and fair view of the state of the 
group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 29 March 
2021 and of the group’s loss for the 52 weeks then ended;

• 

• 

the group financial statements have been properly prepared 
in accordance with international accounting standards 
in conformity with the requirements of the Companies 
Act 2006; 

the parent company financial statements have been properly 
prepared in accordance with international accounting 
standards in conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006 and as applied in accordance with 
section 408 of the Companies Act 2006; and

• 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance 
with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

We have audited the financial statements of Young & Co.’s 
Brewery, P.L.C. (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries 
(the ‘group’) for the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021 
which comprise:

Group

Parent company

Group balance sheet as at 
29 March 2021

Balance sheet as at 
29 March 2021

Group income statement for 
the 52 weeks then ended

Statement of changes in equity 
for the 52 weeks then ended

Statement of cash flow for the 
52 weeks then ended

Related notes 1 to 35 to the 
financial statements, including 
a summary of significant 
accounting policies

Group statement of 
comprehensive income for 
the 52 weeks then ended

Group statement of changes 
in equity for the 52 weeks 
then ended

Group statement of cash flow 
for the 52 weeks then ended

Related notes 1 to 35 to the 
financial statements, including 
a summary of significant 
accounting policies

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in 
their preparation is applicable law and international accounting 
standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies 
Act 2006 and, as regards to the parent company financial 
statements, as applied in accordance with section 408 of the 
Companies Act 2006. 

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International 
Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further described 
in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial 
statements section of our report. We are independent of 
the group in accordance with the ethical requirements that 
are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the 
UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed 
entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities 
in accordance with these requirements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient 
and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Material uncertainty related to going concern 
We draw attention to note 1 in the financial statements, which 
indicates that the ongoing Coronavirus pandemic continues to 
result in uncertainty over the group’s ability to operate its pubs 
and therefore whether the group will be able to comply with its 
banking covenants from 31 March 2022 onwards. As stated in 
note 1, these events or conditions, along with the other matters 
as set out in note 1, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that 
may cast significant doubt on the group and parent company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not 
modified in respect of this matter. 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that 
the director’s use of the going concern basis of accounting 
in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. 
Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the group and 
parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern 
basis of accounting included:

•  Obtaining an understanding of management’s basis for use 
of the going concern basis of accounting. To challenge the 
completeness of this assessment, we independently identified 
factors that may indicate events or conditions that may cast 
significant doubt on the group’s ability to continue as a 
going concern. Events or conditions were identified and we 
designed our audit procedures to evaluate the effect of these 
risks on the group’s ability to continue as a going concern; 

•  Agreeing the group’s available financing and related terms, 
including the changes in the period, to the original debt 
agreements and covenant waivers; and auditing the £85m 
June 2020 equity raise back to supporting evidence, including 
share issue documentation and bank statements;

•  Obtaining the cash flow forecast models used by the Board 
in its assessment, reviewing their arithmetical accuracy, 
whether they have been approved by the Board and 
considering the group’s historical forecasting accuracy; 

•  Recalculating the group’s banking covenant tests, under their 
amended terms through to March 2022 and under their 
original terms at the March 2022 test date and the June 
2022 test date (both within the going concern period);

•  Evaluating whether the assumptions, particularly over the 
timing and extent to which trading would recover to pre-
Coronavirus levels, were realistic, achievable and consistent 
with the external and/or internal environment as well as other 
matters identified in the audit;

•  Considering management’s stress testing of the group’s cash 

flow forecast models and their impact on forecast liquidity and 
banking covenants, specifically whether the stress tests were 
of reasonably possible (but not unrealistic) adverse effects that 
could arise from these risks individually and collectively;

Overview of our audit approach

Audit scope

•  Performing our own reverse stress testing of the group’s cash 
flow forecast models and their impact on forecast liquidity and 
banking covenants to identify under what circumstances the 
group’s liquidity would be compromised;

Key audit 
matters

•  Considering the likelihood of management’s ability to 

execute mitigating actions based on our understanding of 
the group and the sector, including whether those mitigating 
actions were controllable by management. This assessment 
was supported by our analysis of management’s historical 
ability to take controllable actions such as non-payment of 
dividends, suspension of non-essential capital expenditure and 
inventory orders, as well as the likelihood of non-controllable 
actions such as obtaining further covenant waivers or raising 
additional funds through debt, equity or sale of pubs in the 
portfolio being plausible; 

•  Assessing the appropriateness of the going concern 

disclosures in describing the risks associated with the group’s 
ability to continue as a going concern for the period to 
27 June 2022; and 

•  Discussing with management whether any events or 

conditions beyond 27 June 2022 had been identified that 
may cast significant doubt on the group’s ability to continue 
as a going concern and considering whether we were aware 
of any such events or conditions from our audit work.

The audit engagement partner and senior team members 
increased their time directing and supervising the audit 
procedures on going concern, in particular in assessing the going 
concern model and assumptions and reviewing evidence of 
changes to financing arrangements and banking covenants. 

We communicated our conclusions to the Audit Committee that, 
based on our work performed, we found that management has 
made reasonable assumptions in its cash flow forecasts, which 
support the group and parent company preparing their financial 
statements on a going concern basis. We observed that there 
continues to be uncertainty over the impact of Coronavirus 
on the group’s ability to trade and communicated the results 
of our independent reverse stress testing on liquidity and 
covenant compliance. We confirmed that we are satisfied with 
management’s conclusion that the group and parent company 
are a going concern, but that there is a material uncertainty over 
this assumption, and that management has accurately described 
this material uncertainty within the financial statements. We also 
determined going concern to be a key audit matter. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors 
with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report. However, because not all future events 
or conditions can be predicted, this statement is not a guarantee 
as to the group and parent company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern.

•  We performed an audit of the complete 
financial information of the group, which 
accounted for 100% of adjusted loss before 
taxation, 100% of revenue and 100% of 
total assets.

•  Valuation of the freehold pub estate

•  Asset impairment

•  Going concern

•  Deferred taxation arising on the valuation of 

the pub estate 

•  Management override in the recognition 

of revenue

•  Overall group materiality of £1.2m which 
represents 3.5% of the prior period’s profit 
before taxation, adjusted for the movement 
on the revaluation of properties.

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Materiality

An overview of the scope of the group and 
parent company audits

Tailoring the scope
Our assessment of audit risk, our evaluation of materiality and 
our allocation of performance materiality determine our audit 
scope for each company within the Group. Taken together, 
this enables us to form an opinion on the consolidated 
financial statements.

The group’s operations are based solely in the United Kingdom 
with a single head office and finance function and therefore 
all audit procedures are completed by one audit team at this 
location. The audit team includes tax and IT specialists.

In assessing the risk of material misstatement to the Group 
financial statements, and to ensure we had adequate quantitative 
coverage of significant accounts in the financial statements we 
performed full scope audit procedures over 100% of the group’s 
results for the 52 weeks to 29 March 2021 and 100% of the 
group’s total assets at that date. We obtained an understanding 
of the entity-level controls of the group which assisted us in 
identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement due to 
fraud or error, as well as assisting us in determining the most 
appropriate audit strategy. This approach is consistent with the 
prior period. 

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Corporate Governance

Independent auditors’ report continued

Key audit matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) 
that we identified. These matters included those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources 
in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the 
financial statements as a whole, and in our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. In addition to 
the matter described in the material uncertainty related to going concern section, we have determined the matters described below to 
be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report:

Key observations communicated 
to the Audit Committee 

We concluded that the 
methodology applied is 
reasonable and that the 
external valuations are an 
appropriate assessment of 
the market value of freehold 
properties at 29 March 2021.

We concluded that the values 
of the sample of 34 properties 
tested by our internal property 
valuations specialists were 
within the reasonable range 
of values as assessed by 
them, including the impact 
of Coronavirus. 

We consider that management 
provided an appropriate level 
of review and challenge over 
the valuations and we did not 
identify evidence of undue 
management bias.

We reviewed the disclosures 
in note 18 to the financial 
statements, including those 
relating to the material 
valuation uncertainty paragraph 
included by Savills in its 
valuation report, and consider 
them to be appropriate.

Risk
Valuation of the freehold pub estate 

Our response to the risk

Refer to the Audit Committee Report 
(page 60); Accounting policies (page 91); and 
Note 18 of the financial statements (page 108)

We performed a walkthrough of each aspect of the group’s 
freehold pub valuation process and assessed the design 
effectiveness of the key controls that were in place.

In accordance with the group’s accounting policy 
for property and equipment, management 
applies the revaluation model for the 
freehold pub estate, which had a carrying 
value of £726.1 million at 29 March 2021 
(2020: £722.2 million). As permitted by IAS 16 
and in common with other listed pub operators 
in the UK, this revaluation was achieved through: 

•  A reassessment of the fair maintainable trade 
of each freehold pub based on its current 
and forecast trading performance, or a 
spot valuation; 

•  A revaluation by Savills, independent 

chartered surveyors, of a representative 
sample of 20% of the group’s freehold pubs, 
including pubs of varying location and type; 
and 

•  A revaluation of the remaining 80% of 

the freehold pub estate, led by the group’s 
interim director of property and tenancies, 
and supported by Savills, using updated 
trading results, management’s knowledge of 
each pub, and appropriate consideration of 
the results of the external valuation. 

This involves significant management 
judgement, particularly in respect of the 
methodology and assumptions used in the 
valuation model. Management also assesses 
viable alternative uses for a property should they 
provide increased value.

The ongoing uncertainties over the current 
economic environment caused by the 
Coronavirus pandemic, including the closure or 
restricted trading of all pubs in the UK, had an 
impact on the valuation of the group’s freehold 
pub estate. 

As described in note 18, Savills highlighted in 
its assessment of the fair value of the freehold 
pub estate that the valuation contains material 
uncertainty given the lack of comparable 
transactional activity since the onset of 
Coronavirus and the uncertainty over future 
trade at the valuation date. Accordingly, the 
group has reported the valuation of the freehold 
pub estate at 29 March 2021 on the basis of a 
‘material valuation uncertainty’. 

We met with management and the group’s external 
valuation specialists to discuss their valuation approach and 
the judgements made in determining the fair value of the 
freehold pub estate. These included the fair maintainable 
trade, EBITDA multiples, spot valuations and the assumptions 
made in respect of the impact of Coronavirus. They also 
included the impact on management’s valuation of the 
inclusion in the external valuer’s valuation opinion of a 
‘material valuation uncertainty’ clause as a result of the 
Coronavirus pandemic.

We assessed the competence and objectivity of the 
external valuer, including consideration of its qualifications 
and expertise.

We tested the inputs, assumptions and methodology used 
by the external valuers. We tested management’s valuation 
model for mathematical accuracy and consistency with 
underlying records. This included an assessment of the fair 
maintainable trade of each pub by reference to the group’s 
financial records, management’s historical forecasting accuracy 
and its consideration of the external valuation results on the 
remainder of the estate.

Of the group’s 205 freehold pubs, with support from our 
property valuation specialists we tested a sample of 34 
pub valuations. We performed testing over the underlying 
valuation assumptions, with a particular focus on pubs valued 
using a spot valuation as these involved a higher level of 
management judgement.

We benchmarked the group’s pub valuations by comparing 
with other pub market transactions.

With support from our property valuations specialists, we 
also considered the approach taken to reflect the impact of 
the Coronavirus pandemic on freehold pub values, given the 
continued level of uncertainty. This included consideration 
of the methodology applied compared to the limited market 
data available, the approach being taken by other property 
companies and the characteristics of the individual pub assets.

We verified that changes in pub valuations were appropriately 
accounted for through the revaluation reserve or the 
income statement.

We considered the appropriateness of the valuation 
disclosures in note 18 the financial statements and whether 
they were compliant with the fair value information required 
under IFRS 13. In particular, we considered whether they 
adequately described the judgements made in respect of the 
impact of Coronavirus on freehold pub values.

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Risk
Asset impairment

Our response to the risk

Key observations communicated 
to the Audit Committee 

Refer to the Audit Committee Report 
(page 60); Accounting policies (page 91); and 
Notes 17 and 19 of the financial statements 
(pages 107 and 111)

We understood and walked through the methodology applied 
by management in performing its impairment test for each of 
the relevant pubs, and assessed the design effectiveness of the 
key controls that are in place.

We concluded that no material 
impairment was required at 
29 March 2021, based on the 
results of our work. 

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However, the impairment 
test is sensitive to adverse 
changes that could arise given 
the uncertainties surrounding 
the impact of Coronavirus. 
In particular, a decline in the 
long-term growth rate could 
result in an impairment of a 
number of pubs or groups 
of pubs.

Management describes these 
sensitivities appropriately in 
notes 17 and 19 to the financial 
statements, in accordance with 
IAS 36.

In addition to its freehold property portfolio, the 
group has significant other assets connected 
with its pub estate, including goodwill of 
£32.5 million (2020: £32.5 million), fixtures, 
fittings and equipment of £79.5 million 
(2020: £89.0 million) and right of use assets of 
£158.0 million (2020: £163.4 million). 

The continued uncertainties over the current 
economic environment caused by the 
Coronavirus pandemic, including the closure or 
restricted trading of all pubs in the UK, has been 
identified as an indicator of impairment. 

Impairment is tested on the basis of each 
individual cash generating unit (an individual 
pub) or in the case of goodwill, the group of 
pubs associated with it.

There is a risk that, given the uncertainties 
over future trading caused by the Coronavirus, 
pubs may not achieve the anticipated business 
performance to support their carrying value. 
This could lead to an impairment charge that 
has not been recognised by management. 

Significant judgement is required in forecasting 
the future cash flows of each pub, together with 
the rate at which they are discounted.

We assessed the appropriateness of management’s 
identification of cash generating units being at the individual 
pub level and, in the case of goodwill, the fact that the 
goodwill was allocated to the group of cash generating units 
(individual pubs) associated with it. 

We tested the arithmetical accuracy and integrity of the 
impairment model and confirmed that the forecasts were 
consistent with the Board approved forecasts and those used 
in the going concern assessments.

For those pubs or groups of pubs that assumed more than 
a long-term growth rate in the short term, we considered 
management’s estimates in the context of the actions 
already taken to achieve profit improvement, the expected 
impact of other external events and management’s historical 
forecasting accuracy.

We used our internal valuations specialists to support our 
assessment of the discount rate and long term growth rate 
applied to cash flows by independently determining an 
acceptable range of values for each assumption.

In respect of the impact of Coronavirus on both short-term 
trading and the longer-term growth rate, we compared 
management’s assumptions against external economic 
forecasts and actual performance from the last year.

We calculated the degree to which the key inputs and 
assumptions, including location-specific evidence, would 
need to fluctuate before an impairment was triggered and 
considered the likelihood of this occurring. We performed 
our own sensitivities on the group’s forecasts, which included 
various scenarios on short term disruption and long-term 
growth rate. We then determined whether adequate 
headroom remained using these sensitivities and our 
independent assessment. 

We assessed the disclosures in notes 17 and 19 of the 
financial statements against the requirements of IAS 36 
Impairment of Assets, in particular the requirement to disclose 
further sensitivities for CGUs where a reasonably possible 
change in a key assumption would cause an impairment.

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Corporate Governance

Independent auditors’ report continued

Risk
Deferred tax arising on the valuation of the pub estate

Our response to the risk

Refer to the Audit Committee Report 
(page 60); Accounting policies (page 91); and 
Note 26 of the financial statements (page 119)

At 29 March 2021, the group had deferred 
tax assets of £8.6 million (2020: £8.3 million) 
and deferred tax liabilities of £73.6 million 
(2020: £69.9 million). 

There is complexity in the group’s accounting 
for deferred tax. Specifically, a significant level 
of management judgement and complex 
calculations are required in accounting for the 
deferred tax arising both on the valuation of 
each freehold pub and on the right of use asset 
for each leasehold pub.

These judgements are focused on:

the treatment of capital losses, rollover 
relief, indexation allowances and initial 
recognition exemptions;

recognising deferred tax on the pubs on a 
sale, in-use or a dual basis;

• 

• 

• 

We performed a walkthrough of the group’s process for 
determining the deferred tax arising from the valuation of the 
pub estate. We also assessed the design effectiveness of the 
key controls that were in place. 

In conjunction with our tax specialists we tested the deferred 
tax calculations based on the valuation of each freehold pub 
and the right of use asset for each leasehold pub. This focused 
on verifying the inputs into the deferred tax calculation, testing 
its mathematical accuracy and recalculating the deferred 
tax for a sample of pubs across the estate. This included a 
review of capital losses, rollover relief, indexation allowances 
and initial recognition exemptions, as well as management’s 
calculation of the impact of a historical adjustment in the 
calculation, which was adjusted in the current period. 

We challenged management on the assumptions used in 
calculating the deferred tax balances, including whether the 
deferred tax was consistent with the group’s intended use of 
each pub – being a sale, in-use or a dual basis.

We evaluated if the tax rates applied in calculating the 
deferred tax on the group’s pub estate were appropriate 
based on when the balances are expected to unwind. 

recognising the deferred tax at the correct 
corporation tax rate, depending on the 
underlying assumptions; and

We considered whether the related deferred tax disclosures, 
included in note 26 to the group financial statements, were in 
line with IAS 12 requirements.

Key observations communicated 
to the Audit Committee 

We considered management’s 
judgements in the recognition 
of deferred tax arising on the 
valuation of the pub estate 
to be appropriate and the 
underlying calculation to be 
accurate. We also consider that 
the disclosures in note 26 to 
the group financial statements 
are appropriate.

•  calculating the deferred tax associated with 
right of use assets recognised under IFRS 
16, which have a similar risk profile to the 
freehold pub estate.

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Key observations communicated 
to the Audit Committee 

We did not identify any 
instances of management 
override of controls, including 
through topside journals. 
Based on our work, which 
included using data analysis 
tools to test 100% of the 
group’s revenue transactions 
and the extent to which they 
converted to trade receivables 
or cash, we consider that 
revenue is fairly stated. 

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Risk
Our response to the risk
Management override in the recognition of revenue

We performed a walkthrough of each of the group’s 
significant revenue processes, including the recording 
of manual journal adjustments, and assessed the design 
effectiveness of the key controls that are in place. 

We applied correlation data analysis over the group’s 
revenue journal population to identify how much of the 
revenue was converted to cash and to isolate non-standard 
revenue transactions for further analysis. This included 
identification and further testing of cash received through the 
UK Government’s “Eat Out to Help Out” scheme, as well as 
analysing revenue recorded for each accounting period to 
compare results against our expectations based on the UK 
Government’s trading restrictions. 

We identified manual journals to revenue and obtained 
corroborative evidence to support them. 

We performed cut-off testing procedures including review of 
post period end cash receipts and journals and an analytical 
review of significant variances.

Refer to the Audit Committee Report 
(page 60) and Accounting policies (page 91)

The group recorded revenue of £90.6 million 
in the year (2020: £311.6 million), including 
£87.0 million in the Managed houses 
segment (2020: £299.1 million) and 
£3.3 million in the Ram Pub Company segment 
(2020: £12.1 million). The vast majority of 
the group’s revenue transactions are non-
complex, with no judgement applied over the 
amount recorded. 

We consider the significant risk relating to 
revenue to be around management override of 
controls and topside journals to revenue in the 
managed and tenanted estate. 

For managed houses, revenue is typically 
comprised of a large number of low value 
transactions. Although there is little management 
judgement involved, there is a risk that manual 
topside adjustments could be posted which 
could result in revenue being overstated or sales 
not being recorded. For the Ram Pub Company 
(tenanted pubs) there is also a risk that manual 
topside adjustments could be posted to revenue.

The Coronavirus pandemic has resulted in the 
group adopting new processes for revenue 
recognition in the year, including to account for 
the UK Government’s “Eat Out to Help Out” 
scheme during Autumn 2020.

In the prior period, our auditor’s report included a key audit 
matter in relation to Accounting under IFRS 16 Leases. 
Following the initial adoption of IFRS 16 in the prior period, 
the risk in the current period has reduced as lease changes 
are lower in frequency and value. In addition, our prior period 
auditor’s report included a key audit matter in relation to Spring 
Pubs preliminary purchase price allocation. As this was a non-
recurring transaction, there is no such key audit matter for the 
current period. 

Our application of materiality
We apply the concept of materiality in planning and performing 
the audit, in evaluating the effect of identified misstatements on 
the audit and in forming our audit opinion. 

Materiality
The magnitude of an omission or misstatement that, individually 
or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of the users of the financial statements. 
Materiality provides a basis for determining the nature and 
extent of our audit procedures.

We determined materiality for the Group to be £1.2 million 
(2020: £1.7 million), which is 3.5% (2020: 5.0%) of the prior 
period profit before taxation, adjusted for the movement on the 
revaluation of properties (2020: profit before taxation, adjusted 

for the movement on the revaluation of properties). We believe 
that profit before taxation is considered to be the primary area of 
focus of the group’s stakeholders. We exclude the impact of the 
movement on the revaluation of properties as we consider it to 
be a material, non-recurring adjusting item which does not reflect 
the underlying trading performance of the group.

The use of the prior period’s profit before taxation as the 
basis for determining materiality is appropriate under auditing 
standards where there is an expectation of a return to similar 
levels of profitability in the short term. Although there is still 
uncertainty over the continued impact of Coronavirus on the 
group, both external indicators (market forecasts and analyst 
reports) and Young’s internal information indicate that it is 
reasonable to assume that Young’s will return to a similar 
level of profitability within a year. The use of this normalised 
earnings basis is also supported by a history of profitability and 
clear evidence linking the recent decline in profitability to the 
Coronavirus pandemic and resulting enforced pub closures and 
trading restrictions. To reflect the uncertainty, we have applied 
a lower percentage of 3.5% to this basis in calculating our 
materiality (previous periods: 5.0%).

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Corporate Governance

Independent auditors’ report continued

Opinions on other matters prescribed 
by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of 
the audit:

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the 
directors’ report for the financial period for which the financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the financial 
statements; and 

• 

the strategic report and directors’ report have been prepared 
in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report 
by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group 
and the parent company and its environment obtained in the 
course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements 
in the strategic report or the directors’ report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in 
relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report 
to you if, in our opinion:

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the 

parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not 
been received from branches not visited by us; or

• 

the parent company financial statements are not in agreement 
with the accounting records and returns; or

•  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law 

are not made; or

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we 

require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement 
set out on page 73, the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied 
that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control 
as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation 
of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are 
responsible for assessing the group and parent company’s ability 
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters 
related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the 
group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have 
no realistic alternative but to do so.

We believe that the primary area of focus of the parent 
company’s stakeholders are consistent with those of the group 
and despite the prior period’s profit before taxation, adjusted for 
the movement on the revaluation of properties, being a higher 
figure, we have capped materiality at £1.2 million, in line with 
the group. 

Performance materiality
The application of materiality at the individual account or balance 
level. It is set at an amount to reduce to an appropriately low 
level the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and 
undetected misstatements exceeds materiality.

On the basis of our risk assessments, together with our 
assessment of the group’s overall control environment, 
our judgement was that performance materiality was 75% 
(2020: 75%) of our planning materiality, namely £0.9 million 
(2020: £1.3 million). We maintained performance materiality at 
this percentage reflecting the results of our testing of the group’s 
systems and processes and historical audit findings.

Reporting threshold
An amount below which identified misstatements are considered 
as being clearly trivial.

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to 
them all uncorrected audit differences in excess of £60,000 
(2020: £85,000), which is set at 5% of planning materiality, 
as well as differences below that threshold that, in our view, 
warranted reporting on qualitative grounds.

We evaluate any uncorrected misstatements against both the 
quantitative measures of materiality discussed above and in 
light of other relevant qualitative considerations in forming 
our opinion.

Other information 
The other information comprises the information included in 
the annual report other than the financial statements and our 
auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the 
other information within the annual report. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the 
other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly 
stated in this report, we do not express any form of assurance 
conclusion thereon. 

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the course of the audit or otherwise appears to be 
materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies 
or apparent material misstatements, we are required to 
determine whether there is a material misstatement in the 
financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have 
performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of 
the other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

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•  We assessed the susceptibility of the group’s financial 

statements to material misstatement, including how fraud 
might occur by making inquiries of management, those 
charged with governance, internal audit and various 
other individuals within the financial reporting function. 
We corroborated these inquiries by inspecting board minutes, 
internal audit reports and findings, reports to the group’s 
internal whistleblowing hotline and by understanding both 
the group’s bonus scheme structure and the expectations 
of investors and analysts, to understand areas in which 
individuals may be incentivised to commit fraud.

•  Based on this understanding we designed our audit 

procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and 
regulations. Our procedures involved making inquiries as 
described above, inspecting minutes of all significant board 
and committee meetings, reading correspondence with 
regulatory authorities, testing manual journal entries with 
higher risk characteristics and testing unusual or non-
standard transactions.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit 
of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting Council’s website at https://www.frc.org.uk/
auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of 
our auditor’s report.

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, 
in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might 
state to the company’s members those matters we are required 
to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. 
To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or 
assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and 
the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Jon Killingley (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor

London

19 May 2021

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether 
the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an 
auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance 
is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a 
material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or 
in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
financial statements. 

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered 
capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance 
with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 
responsibilities, outlined above, to detect irregularities, including 
fraud. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement due 
to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting 
from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for 
example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through 
collusion. The extent to which our procedures are capable of 
detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below.

However, the primary responsibility for the prevention and 
detection of fraud rests with both those charged with governance 
of the company and management. 

•  We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory 

frameworks that are applicable to the group and determined 
that the most significant are:

 ~ Those that relate to the reporting framework: International 
Accounting Standards in conformity with the requirements 
of the Companies Act 2006, the UK Companies Act 2006 
and AIM Rules;

 ~ Those that relate to the accrual or recognition of expenses 
for taxation, such as UK Corporate Tax legislation; and

 ~ Those that relate to the accrual for or recognition of 
expenses for employee benefit costs including post-
employment benefit costs, as well as the treatment of 
its employees.

•  We understood how the group is complying with those 
frameworks by making inquiries of management, those 
charged with governance, internal audit, those responsible for 
legal and compliance procedures and the company secretary. 
We corroborated our inquiries through inspection of board 
minutes and correspondence with regulatory authorities and 
through attendance at Audit Committee meetings throughout 
and subsequent to the period under audit.

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Financial Statements

Financial Statements

83  Group income statement
84  Group statement of comprehensive income
85  Balance sheets
86  Statements of cash flow
87  Group statement of changes in equity
88  Parent company statement of changes in equity
89  Notes to the financial statements
 130 Five-year review

“Securing our long-term future and 
success also means creating value 
for all our stakeholders, ensuring 
that they are a key consideration 
in our decision-making process.”

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Group income statement
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

Revenue
Other income
Operating costs before adjusting items
Adjusted operating (loss)/profit
Adjusting items
Operating (loss)/profit

Finance costs
Finance charge for pension obligations
(Loss)/profit before tax
Income tax credit/(expense)
(Loss)/profit for the period attributable to shareholders of the parent company

(Loss)/earnings per 12.5p ordinary share 
Basic
Diluted

All of the results above are from continuing operations.

Notes
6
9
7

10

12
27

13

16
16

2021
£m
90.6
4.7
(129.3)
(34.0)
(1.1)
(35.1)

(9.9)
(0.2)
(45.2)
6.9
(38.3)

2020 
£m
311.6
–
(265.1)
46.5
(8.6)
37.9

(8.6)
(0.2)
29.1
(9.8)
19.3

Pence

Pence

(68.23)
(68.23)

39.37
39.35

i

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The notes on pages 89 to 130 form part of these financial statements.

The independent auditor’s report is set out on pages 74 to 81.

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Financial Statements

Group statement of comprehensive income
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

(Loss)/profit for the period

Other comprehensive income

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Unrealised gain/(loss) on revaluation of property
Remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes
Tax on above components of other comprehensive income

Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Fair value movement of interest rate swaps
Tax on fair value movement of interest rate swaps

Total comprehensive (loss)/income attributable to shareholders of the parent company

All of the results above are from continuing operations.

Notes

2021
£m
(38.3)

2020
£m
19.3

18
27

25

9.0
0.9
(4.0)

2.5
(0.5)
7.9
(30.4)

(9.3)
(0.7)
(3.1)

0.4
–
(12.7)
6.6

The notes on pages 89 to 130 form part of these financial statements.

The independent auditor’s report is set out on pages 74 to 81.

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Balance sheets
At 29 March 2021

Non-current assets
Goodwill
Property and equipment
Right-of-use assets
Investment in subsidiaries
Deferred tax assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Income tax receivable
Cash

Asset held for sale
Total assets

Current liabilities
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
Trade and other payables
Income tax payable

Non-current liabilities
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
Deferred tax liabilities
Retirement benefit schemes
Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Net assets

Capital and reserves
Share capital
Share premium
Capital redemption reserve
Hedging reserve
Revaluation reserve
Retained earnings
Total equity

Notes

Group

2021 
£m

17
18
19
20
26

21
22

23

25
29
25
24

25
29
25
26
27
28

30

32.5
773.7
158.0
–
8.6
972.8

2.6
10.4
5.8
4.7
23.5
1.2
997.5

(29.8)
(4.9)
(1.8)
(15.8)
–
(52.3)

(143.4)
(75.3)
(1.4)
(73.6)
(6.1)
–
(299.8)
(352.1)
645.4

7.3
7.6
1.8
(2.4)
253.6
377.5
645.4

2020 
£m

32.5
771.1
163.4
–
8.3
975.3

3.3
9.3
0.1
1.1
13.8
0.5
989.6

(50.0)
(5.3)
(2.4)
(33.3)
–
(91.0)

(149.2)
(77.0)
(3.3)
(69.9)
(8.2)
(0.2)
(307.8)
(398.8)
590.8

6.1
7.5
1.8
(4.4)
248.4
331.4
590.8

Company
2021 
£m

2020 
£m

31.0
769.1
149.2
14.3
8.6
972.2

2.6
11.3
6.0
4.7
24.6
1.2
998.0

(29.8)
(4.1)
(1.8)
(27.5)
–
(63.2)

(143.4)
(69.1)
(1.4)
(73.4)
(6.1)
–
(293.4)
(356.6)
641.4

7.3
7.6
1.8
(2.4)
244.4
382.7
641.4

27.7
751.5
136.9
34.4
8.3
958.8

3.2
9.9
–
1.1
14.2
0.5
973.5

(50.0)
(5.0)
(2.4)
(43.2)
(0.1)
(100.7)

(149.2)
(59.6)
(3.3)
(65.7)
(8.2)
(0.2)
(286.2)
(386.9)
586.6

6.1
7.5
1.8
(4.4)
239.2
336.4
586.6

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The company’s loss after tax for the period was £38.1 million (2020: profit after tax £18.1 million).

Approved by the board of directors and signed on its behalf by:

Patrick Dardis 
Chief Executive  

19 May 2021

Michael Owen
Chief Financial Officer

The notes on pages 89 to 130 form part of these financial statements.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. Registered in England number 32762. 

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

85

 
Financial Statements

Statements of cash flow
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

Operating activities
Net cash generated from operations
Tax paid
Net cash flow from operating activities

Investing activities
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment
Purchases of property and equipment 
Business combinations, net of cash acquired
Right-of-use assets acquired
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired
Net cash used in investing activities

Financing activities
Interest paid
Issued equity, net of transaction costs
Equity dividends paid
Payments of principal portion of lease liabilities
Repayment of borrowings
Proceeds from borrowings
Net cash flow used in financing activities

Increase/(decrease) in cash
Cash at the beginning of the period
Cash at the end of the period

Notes

33

18
14

15

Group

2021 
£m

(23.0)
–
(23.0)

0.4
(19.1)
–
–
–
(18.7)

(9.8)
84.9
–
(4.3)
(115.5)
90.0
45.3

3.6
1.1
4.7

2020 
£m

72.5
(13.5)
59.0

1.0
(32.7)
(35.3)
(0.2)
–
(67.2)

(8.6)
–
(10.5)
(8.1)
(8.5)
36.5
0.8

(7.4)
8.5
1.1

Company
2021 
£m

(23.9)
–
(23.9)

0.4
(19.1)
–
–
–
(18.7)

(9.4)
84.9
–
(3.8)
(115.5)
90.0
46.2

3.6
1.1
4.7

2020 
£m

71.1
(13.0)
58.1

0.9
(32.5)
(15.3)
(0.2)
(20.1)
(67.2)

(8.2)
–
(10.5)
(7.3)
(8.5)
36.5
2.0

(7.1)
8.2
1.1

The notes on pages 89 to 130 form part of these financial statements.

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Group statement of changes in equity
At 29 March 2021

At 2 April 2019

Total comprehensive income
Profit for the period

Other comprehensive income
Unrealised loss on revaluation of property
Remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes
Fair value movement of interest rate swaps
Tax on above components of other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity
Share capital issued
Dividends paid on equity shares
Share based payments
Tax on share based payments
Movement in shares held by The Ram Brewery Trust II

At 30 March 2020

Total comprehensive income
Loss for the period

Other comprehensive income
Unrealised gain on revaluation of property
Remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes
Fair value movement of interest rate swaps
Tax on above components of other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive loss

Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity
Share capital issued2
Share based payments
Tax on share based payments
Movement in shares held by The Ram Brewery Trust II

At 29 March 2021

Notes

Share
capital1
£m
12.8

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£m
1.8

Hedging 
reserve 
£m
(4.8)

Revaluation 
reserve 
£m
261.5

Retained 
earnings 
£m
322.5

Total 
equity 
£m
593.8

18
27
25
13

15
31
26

18
27
25
13

31
26

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

0.8
–
–
–
–
0.8
13.6

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

1.3
–
–
–
1.3
14.9

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
1.8

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
1.8

–

–

19.3

19.3

–
–
0.4
–
0.4
0.4

–
–
–
–
–
–
(4.4)

(9.3)
–
–
(3.8)
(13.1)
(13.1)

–
–
–
–
–
–
248.4

–
(0.7)
–
0.7
–
19.3

–
(10.5)
0.1
(0.3)
0.3
(10.4)
331.4

(9.3)
(0.7)
0.4
(3.1)
(12.7)
6.6

0.8
(10.5)
0.1
(0.3)
0.3
(9.6)
590.8

–

–

(38.3)

(38.3)

–
–
2.5
(0.5)
2.0
2.0

–
–
–
–
–
(2.4)

9.0
–
–
(3.8)
5.2
5.2

–
–
–
–
–
253.6

–
0.9
–
(0.2)
0.7
(37.6)

83.6
(0.1)
–
0.2
83.7
377.5

9.0
0.9
2.5
(4.5)
7.9
(30.4)

84.9
(0.1)
–
0.2
85.0
645.4

1   Total share capital comprises the nominal value of the share capital issued and fully paid of £7.3 million (2020: £6.1 million) and the share premium account of £7.6 million (2020: £7.5 million). 

Share capital issued in the period comprises the nominal value of £1.2 million (2020: £nil) and share premium of £0.1 million (2020: £0.8 million).

2    During the period, the group raised equity resulting in gross proceeds of £88.4 million. A cash box structure was used in such a way that merger relief was available under Companies Act 2006, 

section 612, and thus no share premium was recorded. As the redemption of the cash box entity’s preference shares was in the form of cash, the transaction was treated as qualifying consideration 
and the premium is therefore considered to be a realised profit and £83.6 million was recognised directly in retained earnings.

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The notes on pages 89 to 130 form part of these financial statements.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Financial Statements

Parent company statement of changes in equity
At 29 March 2021

At 2 April 2019

Total comprehensive income
Profit for the period

Other comprehensive income
Unrealised loss on revaluation of property
Remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes
Fair value movement of interest rate swaps
Tax on above components of other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity
Share capital issued
Dividends paid on equity shares
Share based payments
Tax on share based payments
Movement in shares held by The Ram Brewery Trust II

At 30 March 2020

Total comprehensive income
Loss for the period

Other comprehensive income
Unrealised gain on revaluation of property
Remeasurement of retirement benefit schemes 
Fair value movement of interest rate swaps
Tax on above components of other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive loss

Transactions with owner recorded directly in equity
Share capital issued2
Share based payments
Tax on share based payments
Movement in shares held by The Ram Brewery Trust II

At 29 March 2021

Notes

Share
capital1
£m
12.8

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£m
1.8

Hedging 
reserve 
£m
(4.8)

Revaluation 
reserve 
£m
252.6

Retained 
earnings 
£m
328.7

Total 
equity 
£m
591.1

18
27
25
13

15
31
26

18
27
25
13

31
26

 –

 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

0.8
 –
 –
 –
 –
0.8
13.6

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

1.3
–
–
–
1.3
14.9

 –

 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
1.8

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
1.8

 –

 –

18.1

18.1

 –
 –
0.4
 –
0.4
0.4

 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
(4.4)

(9.6)
 –
 –
(3.8)
(13.4)
(13.4)

 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
239.2

 –
(0.7)
 –
0.7
 –
18.1

 –
(10.5)
0.1
(0.3)
0.3
(10.4)
336.4

(9.6)
(0.7)
0.4
(3.1)
(13.0)
5.1

0.8
(10.5)
0.1
(0.3)
0.3
(9.6)
586.6

–

–

(38.1)

(38.1)

–
–
2.5
(0.5)
2.0
2.0

–
–
–
–
–
(2.4)

9.0
–
–
(3.8)
5.2
5.2

–
–
–
–
–
244.4

–
0.9
–
(0.2)
0.7
(37.4)

83.6
(0.1)
–
0.2
83.7
382.7

9.0
0.9
2.5
(4.5)
7.9
(30.2)

84.9
(0.1)
–
0.2
85.0
641.4

1   Total share capital comprises the nominal value of the share capital issued and fully paid of £7.3 million (2020: £6.1 million) and the share premium account of £7.6 million (2020: £7.5 million). 

Share capital issued in the period comprises the nominal value of £1.2 million (2020: £nil) and share premium of £0.1 million (2020: £0.8 million). 

2   During the period, the group raised equity resulting in gross proceeds of £88.4 million. A cash box structure was used in such a way that merger relief was available under Companies Act 2006, 

section 612, and thus no share premium was recorded. As the redemption of the cash box entity’s preference shares was in the form of cash, the transaction was treated as qualifying consideration 
and the premium is therefore considered to be a realised profit and £83.6 million was recognised directly in retained earnings.

The notes on pages 89 to 130 form part of these financial statements.

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Notes to the financial statements
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

1. General information
The group and parent company financial statements of Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. for the period ended 29 March 2021 
were authorised for issue by the board of directors on 19 May 2021. Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. is a public limited company 
incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales. The company’s shares are listed on the Alternative Investment Market of the 
London Stock Exchange. The nature of the group’s operations and its principal activities are set out in note 5 and in the strategic 
report on pages 1 to 42.

The current period and prior period relate to the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021 and the 52 weeks ended 30 March 
2020 respectively.

The financial statements are presented in pounds sterling, which is the functional currency of the parent company, and all values are 
rounded to the nearest hundred thousand (£0.1 million) except where otherwise indicated.

Going concern
The group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development and performance, financial position and 
its cash flows are set out within the strategic report on pages 1 to 42. 

At the start of the financial year the group’s financing position was strengthened through raising further debt and equity. 
Additional debt facilities have been obtained through accessing the CCFF, whereby £30.0 million of commercial paper with a maturity 
date of 13 May 2021 was secured, alongside a new revolving credit facility of £20.0 million with NatWest for an initial period of 
one year to May 2021. This has now been extended for a further six months to 28 November 2021, with a final further six month 
extension option available subject to NatWest consent. Longer-term, the £50.0 million term loan due to expire in March 2021 was 
replaced with a five-year facility expiring in 2025. In June 2020, the group also completed an equity issue raising gross proceeds of 
£88.4 million in the period. 

At 29 March 2021, the group had cash in bank of £4.7 million and committed borrowing facilities of £285.0 million, of which 
£174.8 million was drawn down. The group expects, by the end of June 2022 (the ‘going concern’ period), to have available 
facilities of £235.0 million; it has already repaid the £30.0 million due under the CCFF and is not anticipating continuing with the 
£20.0 million RCF with NatWest beyond November 2021. In addition to these facilities, the group has a £10.0 million overdraft with 
HSBC, which is not committed.

During the period the group has also considered the effects of its then latest forecasts on its compliance with bank covenants, which 
were due to be tested each quarter on a 12-month rolling basis. In anticipation of breaches due to the impact of the pandemic, 
the group agreed with its lenders in May 2020 that the financial covenants would be replaced by a monthly available liquidity test. 
These initial covenant waivers have now been extended until the quarter ending March 2022. The waivers require the group to have 
£25.0 million of available liquidity at each month end until the quarter ending March 2022 and for total loan facilities not to exceed 
£220.0 million during the waiver period. In addition, they have waived any technical “cessation of business” breach of our banking 
facilities as a result of our pubs being closed due to the coronavirus pandemic through to the quarter end June 2021. Although there 
is no material uncertainty about the group’s ability to comply with the minimum debt headroom covenant that is in place until March 
2022, those banking covenants revert to the group’s original financial covenants for the March 2022 quarterly covenant test onwards. 

In response to covid-19, the group’s entire pub estate has endured extended periods of Government-enforced closure and significant 
restrictions on trade. Although the Government has provided the roadmap to ultimately remove trade restrictions there remains 
a degree of uncertainty ahead. As part of the directors’ consideration of the appropriateness of adopting the going concern basis, 
the group has modelled several scenarios for the period to the end of June 2022. The key judgements applied are the extent of 
disruption to trading as a result of the Government’s reopening roadmap, the speed at which trade resumes and any potential future 
unplanned restrictions or closures. The base case scenario assumes that pubs with outdoor space reopen on 12 April, followed by 
all pubs reopening on 17 May and ultimately restrictions dropping away from 21 June. The more severe scenarios include a slower 
build of trade in the summer months, further long periods of forced closure and reduced trade through key trading periods such as 
December. We have assumed no significant structural changes to the business will be needed in any of the scenarios modelled.

In the base case scenario, there is significant headroom under the revised monthly available liquidity test through to March 2022 and, 
when covenants revert to the group’s original financial covenants from March 2022 onwards, there would be significant headroom 
and all covenants would be fully complied with through the going concern period. However, under the more severe scenarios where 
our pubs may be required to close again for prolonged periods and trade might be suppressed at key times due to the reintroduction 
of social distancing measures, the group would still comply with revised covenants to March 2022, but on reverting to the original 
financial covenants for the March 2022 and June 2022 quarter end tests, certain performance-based covenants would risk being 
breached. Under the reverse stress test, we looked at the impact of pubs remaining closed (the trigger point) indefinitely, combined 
with not receiving the final six-month extension on the £20.0 million RCF, effectively dropping away end of November 2021. 
Under this scenario Young’s would fail the monthly minimum liquidity test at the end of December 2021 and on revision to the 
original banking covenants in March 2022 certain performance-based covenants would be breached. 

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89

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

1. General information continued
There are numerous covid-19 impacted trading scenarios which could be modelled highlighting how Young’s might deviate from the 
base case. Ultimately, operating profit would need to drop by almost 80% from the base model for banking covenants to fail in March 
2022 when we resume the quarterly testing. To realise this level of lost profit would involve significant periods of closure, delay in the 
reopening roadmap and the reintroduction of trading restrictions at key periods. 

Given there remains uncertainty over trade, compliance with the original banking covenants for the March 2022 test date does 
represent a material uncertainty to Young’s that casts doubt about the group’s ability to continue as a going concern. We are in 
regular dialogue with our lenders and, should such a scenario arise, we are confident that we would be able to agree remedies, 
including an extension of the covenant changes agreed already, well in advance of March 2022.

The coronavirus pandemic will continue to have an impact on Young’s business during the going concern period to 27 June 2022, 
as restrictions are relaxed, and trade rebuilds. Based on current forecasts and sensitivities, together with the potential remedy should 
a covenant breach occur as described above, the Young’s board is confident that with the current reopening plans, the ongoing debt 
structure in place and the June 2020 equity raise there are sufficient financial resources to meet all liabilities until at least 27 June 2022 
even with further trading disruption or closure periods. 

Accordingly, the board continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. The financial statements do 
not contain the adjustments that would result if the company was unable to continue as a going concern.

2. Basis of preparation
The group and parent company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (IFRS). IFRS includes the application of International Financial Reporting 
Standards including International Accounting Standards (IAS) and related Interpretations of the International Financial Reporting 
Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) and Interpretations of the Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC). During the period, new IFRS 
and amendments to existing IFRS were issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The impact and, if applicable, 
the adoption of these standards is described below in “New Accounting Standards, Amendments and Interpretations”.

No separate income statement or statement of comprehensive income are presented for the company, as permitted by section 408(3) 
of the Companies Act 2006. 

New Accounting Standards, Amendments and Interpretations

Covid-19-Related Rent Concessions – Amendment to IFRS 16
Amendments were made to IFRS 16 Leases to provide relief to lessees from applying the IFRS 16 guidance on lease modifications to 
rent concessions arising as a direct consequence of the covid pandemic. 

As a practical expedient, the group elected not to assess whether covid-related rent concessions from a lessor were a lease 
modification; this resulted in 23 property leases becoming within scope of the amendment due to payment holidays or rent deferrals 
being granted directly as a result of the covid pandemic. 

Adoption of the amendment has been applied retrospectively, however had no material impact on opening retained earnings, the 
opening lease liabilities or the opening right-of-use assets due to the timing of the rent concessions. The accounting treatment applied 
varied on a lease-to-lease basis dependent upon the specific conditions of each rent concession. In general, rent concessions were 
treated as a contingency that fixed previously variable lease payments. In such cases, the lease liabilities were remeasured, using 
the remeasured consideration, with a corresponding adjustment to the right-of-use assets. Where rent deferrals were agreed with 
only short-term timing differences, no changes were made to the lease liability payment schedule. In these cases, the lease liabilities 
and right-of-use assets remained unchanged, however a separate payable was reflected within trade and other payables in the 
balance sheet.

Other amendments to accounting standards applied from 31 March 2020 were as follows:

•  Definition of Material – amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8;

•  Definition of a Business – amendment to IFRS 3;

•  Revised Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting; and

• 

Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7.

The application of these did not have a material impact on the group’s accounting treatment and has therefore not resulted in any 
material changes.

The group has applied phase 1 of the interest rate benchmark reform and has identified a number of swaps that are linked to the 
LIBOR rate. Under phase 1 the group has elected to take the relief provided for continuation of hedge accounting and continues to 
hedge account on interest rate swaps. The group is in the process of assessing the transition to alternative interest rate benchmarks 
ahead of phase 2 of the reform being implemented.

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The directors will adopt, subject to UK adoption, the following Standards, Amendments and Interpretations listed below in the first full 
financial period following their effective date. The directors do not expect that adoption in future periods will have a material impact:

New Standard
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform — Phase 2
IFRS 16 (amended)
Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards
IAS 1 (amended) 
IAS 1 (amended)
IAS 8 (amended)

Accounting Standard
Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7
Covid-19 related rent concessions beyond 30 June 2021
Updates to IFRS 9 and IFRS 16
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current
Disclosure of Accounting Policies
Definition of Accounting Estimates

Effective date
1 January 2021
1 April 2021
1 January 2022
1 January 2023
1 January 2023
1 January 2023

3. Summary of significant accounting policies
The significant accounting policies adopted are set out below and have been applied consistently in presenting the group and parent 
company financial information.

(a) Basis of consolidation
The group’s financial statements consolidate the financial statements of Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. with the entities it controls, 
its subsidiaries and a special purpose entity, drawn up to the period end. An investor controls an investee when it is exposed, or has 
rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over 
the investee. The special purpose entity is the Ram Brewery Trust II; the trust holds assets for the benefit of employees and former 
employees, is an ESOP trust and is consolidated only in the group accounts. 

The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the period are included in the group income statement from the effective 
date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate.

The financial statements of the subsidiaries and special purpose entity are consolidated on a comparable period basis, using consistent 
accounting policies. All inter-company balances and transactions, including unrealised profits arising on them, are eliminated.

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(b) The parent company’s investments in subsidiaries
In its separate financial statements, the parent company recognises its investments in its subsidiaries on the basis of cost less provision 
for impairment. Income is recognised from these investments in relation to distributions received.

(c) Revenue recognition
Revenue is measured at the transaction price when control passes to the customer in respect of goods and services provided, net of 
discounts and VAT. The recognition of revenue under each of the group’s material revenue streams is as follows:

Sale of goods
Revenue is recognised at a point in time when control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer.

Accommodation sales
Revenue is recognised on a straight-line basis over the duration of the room occupation. 

Rental income
Rental income arising from operating leases on properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As a result 
of covid-19 various rental concessions have been granted to lessees, and where a rent concession has been granted the remaining 
consideration has been spread over the remaining lease term. Rental income does not fall within the scope of IFRS 15.

(d) Adjusting items
Adjusting items are separately disclosed in order to draw them to the attention of the reader of the financial statements. This is due 
either to their material and non-recurring nature or that, in management’s judgement, they are required to be disclosed separately 
in order to present the underlying business performance of the group in a consistent manner and to reflect how the business is 
managed and measured on a day-to-day basis. 

(e) Business combinations and goodwill
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the 
consideration transferred and the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. The consideration transferred is measured 
at the acquisition date fair value. The non-controlling interest is measured as the proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable net 
assets. Acquisition costs incurred are expensed and included in operating adjusting items.

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Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

3. Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Goodwill arising on acquisition represents the excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. On disposal of a subsidiary, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the 
determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

(f) Property and equipment
Freehold properties, including land and buildings, fixtures, fittings and equipment are held at fair value and are revalued by qualified 
valuers on a sufficiently regular basis using open market values so that the carrying value of an asset does not differ significantly from 
its fair value at the balance sheet date. The valuation is assessed on the basis of the highest and best use. 

Surpluses which arise from the revaluation exercise are included within other comprehensive income (in the revaluation reserve) 
unless they are reversing a revaluation adjustment which has been recognised in the income statement previously. Where the 
revaluation exercise gives rise to a deficit, this is reflected directly in other comprehensive income (in the revaluation reserve) to the 
extent that a surplus exists against the same asset. Any further decrease in value is recognised in the income statement as an adjusting 
expense. At the date of revaluation, any accumulated depreciation is eliminated to the extent of the difference between the revalued 
amount and the carrying value of the asset immediately before valuation.

Leasehold improvements and fixtures, fittings and equipment within those sites are measured at cost on recognition, and are stated as 
such less any accumulated depreciation.

The carrying amount of an asset, less any residual value, is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the asset’s useful life or lease term, 
if shorter. The residual value, useful life and depreciation method applied to each asset are reviewed annually. The group does not 
depreciate freehold land or the residual value of its freehold buildings.

Useful lives:
Freehold buildings 
Leasehold improvements 
Fixtures, fittings and equipment 

50 years 
Shorter of the estimated useful life and the lease term 
3–10 years

An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its 
estimated recoverable amount (note 3(h)).

The gain arising on the disposal or retirement of an asset is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying 
amount of the asset, and is recognised in the income statement. Property, plant and equipment are treated as disposals in the period 
of their write-down.

(g) Asset held for sale
Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather 
than through continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable. They are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and 
fair value less costs to sell.

An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset to fair value less costs to sell. A gain is 
recognised for any subsequent increases in fair value less costs to sell of an asset, but not in excess of any cumulative impairment loss 
previously recognised. A gain or loss not previously recognised by the date of the sale of the non-current asset is recognised at the 
date of derecognition.

Non-current assets are not depreciated or amortised while they are classified as held for sale. 

(h) Impairment of assets
The carrying values of investments, property and equipment and right-of-use assets are reviewed for impairment if events or changes 
in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Goodwill is mandatorily assessed for impairment on an annual 
basis or more frequently if there are indications that the carrying value may be impaired.

Impairment is assessed on the basis of either each individual asset or each individual cash generating unit (an individual pub), or, in the 
case of goodwill, the group of cash generating units associated with it. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a 
business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the group’s cash generating units (or groups of cash generating 
units) that are expected to benefit from the combination.

An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. 
The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less cost of disposal and the value in use, and is determined for an 
individual asset unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups 
of assets. Value in use is assessed by reference to the estimated future cash flows which are discounted to present value using an 
appropriate pre-tax discount rate. Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement.

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Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its 
recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been 
determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior periods. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised 
immediately in the group income statement unless the impairment loss relates to goodwill, in which case it is not reversed.

(i) Right-of-use assets
The group recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of a new lease. Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any 
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of a right-of-use 
asset includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, including lease premiums to take on a lease, and 
lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, unless the group is reasonably certain 
to obtain ownership of the leased asset at the end of the lease term, the recognised right-of-use asset is depreciated on a straight-line 
basis over the shorter of its estimated useful life and the lease term. Right-of-use assets are subject to impairment under the group’s 
accounting policy for impairment.

(j) Leases
At inception of a contract, the group considers whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains a lease if the 
contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

(1) Where the group is the lessee
At the commencement date of a new lease, the group recognises a lease liability measured at the present value of lease payments to 
be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments 
that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also 
include payments of penalties for terminating a lease or payments for exercising an extension option, if the lease term reflects the 
group exercising the option to terminate or extend the lease. The variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate 
are recognised as an expense in the period on which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the group uses the incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date 
if the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is 
increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease 
liabilities is remeasured if there is a change in the amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, a change in 
variable lease payments based on an index or a rate, a modification that is not accounted for as a separate lease, a change in the lease 
term, a change in the in-substance fixed lease payments or a change in the assessment to purchase the underlying asset.

The group has taken the recognition exemption for short-term leases and low-value leases. Expenses from such leases have been 
recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The group has applied the practical expedient available in assessing whether covid-related rent concessions were a lease modification.

(2) Where the group is the lessor
Assets leased out under operating leases are included within property and equipment and are depreciated over their estimated useful 
lives. Rental income, including the effect of lease incentives, is recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As a result of 
covid-19 various rent concessions have been granted to lessees. 

(k) Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other 
costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The cost formula used is equivalent to a ‘First in, First 
out’ method.

(l) Cash
Cash in the balance sheet comprises cash at banks, cash in transit due from credit card providers and cash in hand. For the purpose 
of the group and parent company cash flow statements, cash is net of outstanding bank overdrafts. Cash and cash equivalents include 
only deposits which mature in less than three months.

(m) Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. When applicable, trade and other 
payables are analysed between current and non-current liabilities on the face of the balance sheet, depending on when the obligation 
to settle will crystallise.

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Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

3. Summary of significant accounting policies continued

(n) Interest bearing loans and borrowings
All loans and borrowings are recognised initially at fair value. Directly attributable transaction costs are capitalised and amortised over 
the life of the facility using the effective interest method through finance expense.

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective 
interest method.

Expected credit losses are recognised from initial recognition based on the group’s historical credit loss experience, factors specific for 
each loan, the current economic climate and expected changes in forecasts of future events. Changes in expected credit losses are 
recognised in the income statement. 

(o) Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The current tax payable is based on taxable profit for the period. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the income 
statement because the former excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and also excludes 
items that are never taxable or deductible. The group’s liability for current tax is calculated using UK tax rates that have been enacted 
under UK law and that are applicable to the period.

The current tax expense is recognised in the income statement unless it relates to items that are credited or charged to equity, in 
which case it is credited or charged directly to equity.

Deferred tax is recognised on all temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying 
amounts, with the following exceptions:

•  where the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a 

business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

• 

in respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, where the timing of the reversal of the 
temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future; 
and

•  deferred income tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which 

the deductible temporary differences, carried forward tax credits or tax losses can be utilised.

Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside the profit and loss is recognised outside profit and loss. Deferred tax on those items 
is recognised consistently with the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Where capital gains have been rolled over for tax purposes, a deferred tax liability is recorded on the rolled over gain to reflect the tax 
that may be due on this amount at a future date.

Where there has been an upward revaluation of an asset and the asset is expected to be realised through disposal, a deferred tax 
liability is recorded based on the difference between the indexed cost of the asset less any capital gains which have been rolled over 
against the asset and the revalued amount.

Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the UK tax rates that are expected to apply on reversal of the underlying 
temporary differences, based on tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

(p) Accounting for the ESOP Trust
The capital gains tax liability that may arise on the notionally allocated shares in the Ram Brewery Trust II when they are transferred to 
employees is recognised as a provision in the financial statements under trade and other payables.

(q) Derivative financial instruments and hedging
The group uses derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps to hedge its risk associated with interest rate fluctuations. 
Derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are 
subsequently remeasured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as assets when the fair value is positive and as liabilities when the fair 
value is negative.

The fair value of interest rate swap contracts is determined by reference to market values for similar instruments.

For those derivatives designated as hedges and for which hedge accounting is desired, the hedging relationship is documented at its 
inception. This documentation identifies the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged 
and how its effectiveness will be measured throughout its duration. Such hedges are expected at inception to be highly effective.

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Where cash flow hedge accounting is not applied, the movement in the fair value of the derivative is recognised immediately in the 
income statement. Where cash flow hedge accounting is applied, as in the case of the interest rate swaps held by the group, the 
effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income, while the 
ineffective portion is recognised in the income statement.

If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover, or if its designation as a hedge 
is revoked, amounts previously recognised in equity remain in equity until the forecast transaction occurs, at which point they are 
immediately expensed. If the related transaction is not expected to occur, the amount held in equity is immediately expensed.

(r) Pensions and other post-retirement benefits
The company operates one defined benefit pension scheme, namely the Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. Pension Scheme, a defined 
contribution pension scheme and a post-retirement health care scheme.

Contributions to the defined contribution scheme are recognised in the income statement in the period in which they become due.

For the defined benefit scheme, the actuarial cost charged to the income statement in the period consists of the current service cost, 
net interest on the net defined benefit liability or asset, past service cost and the impact of any settlements or curtailments.

Remeasurements of the defined benefit pension and post-retirement health care schemes are recognised in full in the statement of 
comprehensive income in the period in which they relate.

The net defined benefit pension liability or asset in the balance sheet comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligations 
less the fair value of scheme assets out of which the obligations are to be settled directly. Fair value is based on market price 
information and in the case of quoted securities is the published bid price. The value of a net pension benefit asset is restricted to 
the sum of the present value of any amount the group expects to recover by way of refunds from the scheme or reductions in the 
future contributions.

Post-retirement health care benefits are provided for certain employees and certain directors. Entry to the scheme is on a discretionary 
basis. The annual premium for providing cover is determined by Bupa. This information is taken by qualified actuaries who then assess 
the reserve required to provide this benefit for participants’ future lifetimes, using IAS 19 assumptions. The liability for new entrants is 
recognised through the income statement in the period in which the benefit is granted. Remeasurements of health care benefits are 
recognised in full directly in the statement of comprehensive income.

(s) Trade and other receivables
Trade receivables are initially recognised at the transaction price less impairment as they do not contain a significant financial 
component. In measuring and recognising the impairment, the group has applied the simplified approach to expected credit losses 
as permitted by IFRS 9. Expected credit losses are recognised from initial recognition based on the group’s historical credit loss 
experience, factors specific for each receivable, the current economic climate and expected changes in forecasts of future events. 
Changes in expected credit losses are recognised in the income statement. 

(t) Share based payments
The group operates two types of share based payment arrangements: a director/senior management employee deferred bonus 
scheme (“DAB”) and a Save-As-You-Earn (“SAYE”) scheme. 

Under the DAB, directors and senior management are encouraged to receive bonus payments in the form of shares instead of cash. 
They are encouraged to do this by being offered ‘matching’ shares (see note 31). The ‘matching’ shares constitute shares with non-
market performance based vesting conditions over three years. The group has used the “grant date model” as its valuation model for 
recording the fair value of these equity instruments at the date when they were originally granted. The fair value of equity represents 
the market value of the shares at grant date, less the nominal value which the employees will pay. 

Under the SAYE scheme, eligible employees are encouraged to save over a set period and then, if they choose, purchase shares at 
the price set before the start of that period (see note 31). The group uses the “Black-Scholes model” as its valuation model for valuing 
awards at fair value.

The fair value cost of both schemes is expensed to the income statement with a corresponding credit in equity on a straight-line 
basis over the vesting period. The cumulative expense also takes account of the group’s estimate of the number of shares that will 
ultimately vest.

(u) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial information in conformity with IFRS requires management to make certain judgements, estimates and 
assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. Although these 
estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of the amount, event or actions, actual results ultimately may differ from those 
estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised 
in the period in which the estimate is revised and in any future period affected.

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95

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

3. Summary of significant accounting policies continued
The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or where the most sensitive estimates and assumptions are 
significant to the financial statements, are set out in note 4.

(v) Supplier income
The group earns supplier income through purchase volume-related discounts and stocking incentives. Most of the supplier income 
received relates to volume discounts and is driven by the number of units purchased from suppliers. The volume discounts relate to 
adjustments to a gross purchase price, and as such are recognised on an accrual basis at the point of purchase. Stocking incentives 
are earned through a fixed payment in return for fulfilling certain stocking obligations, including number of stockists. Supplier income 
is recognised when the group has met all obligations conditional for earning the income and it is recognised as a credit within cost 
of sales. 

Outstanding amounts due from suppliers for earned income at the period end are recognised within trade receivables, except in cases 
where the group has rights of set-off and intends to offset these against trade payables to suppliers.

(w) Government grants and assistance
Government grants represent monetary resources transferred to the group by the Government, government agencies or similar 
bodies. These are recognised at fair value when the group has reasonable assurance that it will comply with any conditions attached to 
the grant and that the grant will be received. Government grants are recognised in the income statement, on a systematic basis, over 
the same period during which the expenses, for which the grant was intended to compensate, are recognised.

Government assistance represents monetary and non-monetary resources received from government agencies or similar bodies. 
Where monetary assistance has been received the benefit has been recorded against the associated expense at the time the assistance 
was received. See note 9.

Government grants

Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (‘CJRS’)
Under this scheme, HMRC reimburses up to 80% of the wages of certain employees who have been furloughed up to a maximum 
of £2,500 per employee per month. The scheme is designed to compensate for staff costs, so amounts received are recognised in the 
income statement over the same period as the costs to which they relate. In the income statement, operating costs are shown net of 
CJRS grant income received. 

Eat Out to Help Out
From 3 to 31 August, HMRC offered a 50% discount of food and non-alcoholic drinks, capped to £10 per person, when dining out 
between Monday and Wednesday. The group took advantage of this scheme. In the income statement, revenue includes amounts 
reimbursed from HMRC in respect of the scheme.

Government grant income
Sites with a rateable value between £15,000 and £51,000 were eligible for a £25,000 grant with no further qualifying conditions. 
The business also received support from the various local restriction support grants administered by local councils in response to the 
various restrictions placed on trading between November 2020 and March 2021. Income relating to the various grants has been 
recognised in other income in the income statement. 

Covid Corporate Financing Facility (‘CCFF’)
A 364-day commercial paper issued to the Bank of England at a favourable yield is deemed to constitute a government grant. 
The debt has been recognised within current borrowings on the balance sheet at fair value, with the grant element, reflecting the 
favourable yield, recognised as deferred income within trade and other payables. On amortisation, the grant element has been 
recognised within finance costs, consistent with where the cost is recognised, as the group’s policy is to present the income as a 
deduction from the related expense.

Government assistance

Business rates relief
Businesses in the retail, hospitality and leisure sectors in England do not have to pay business rates for the 2020 to 2021 tax year. 
No business rate charge has therefore been recognised in the income statement for the period ending 29 March 2021.

Deferred VAT payments
Under this assistance, eligible businesses were able to defer VAT payments due between 20 March and 30 June 2020. The VAT 
deferred became due for payment by 31 March 2021.

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4. Key accounting estimates and judgements
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. 

As a result of covid-19 the group has experienced a significant decline in trading activity. Accordingly, this has had an impact upon 
the key estimates, judgements and assumptions used in the year to which the management have considered when determining 
the impact upon the valuation of property and equipment, carrying value of goodwill, pension obligations and cash flow forecasts, 
including those used in the going concern model.

In applying the group’s accounting policies, the following estimates are considered to carry the most significant risk of resulting in a 
material adjustment to the reported amount in the next financial year if the actual outcome differs from these estimates:

(a) Valuation of property and equipment
The group is required to value property and equipment on a sufficiently regular basis using open market values to ensure the current 
carrying value does not differ significantly from the fair value. The valuation, performed by qualified valuers, is based on market 
observations and estimates on the selling price in an arms’ length transaction, and includes estimates of future income levels and 
trading potential for each pub, as well as taking into account other factors such as location, tenure and current income levels. See notes 
14 and 18.

(b) Carrying value of goodwill
The group considers annually whether goodwill has suffered any impairment in accordance with the accounting policy set out in note 
3(h). The recoverable amounts for cash generating units have been determined based on value in use calculations. This calculation 
requires the use of estimates, including growth rates, capital maintenance expenditure and pre-tax discount rates. See notes 3(h) 
and 17.

(c) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided so as to write down the assets to their residual values over the estimated useful lives. The selection of these 
residual values and useful lives requires the use of estimates. See notes 3(f) and 18.

(d) Defined benefit pension and health care scheme obligations
Measurement of defined benefit pension and health care scheme obligations requires an estimate of future changes in salaries 
and inflation, as well as mortality rates, the expected return on assets and the selection of a suitable discount rate. These have been 
determined on advice from an independent qualified actuary. See notes 3(r) and 27.

The critical judgements considered to carry the most significant risk of a material adjustment to the reported amount if the actual 
outcome differs from these judgements are as follows: 

(e) Business combinations
When assets are acquired, management determines whether the assets form a business combination. A fair value exercise of both the 
consideration paid and the net assets acquired is performed once it is determined that a business combination has taken place. If the 
fair value of the consideration is in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired, the difference is recognised as goodwill. If the 
opposite occurs, the difference is recognised in the income statement. The group makes judgements in relation to the fair value of the 
consideration, the net assets acquired and whether the purchase represents a business combination. See notes 3(e), 14, 17 and 18.

(f) Taxation
The group reviews potential tax liabilities and benefits to assess the appropriate accounting treatment. Tax provisions are made if it is 
probable that a tax authority will not accept a tax treatment in a previously filed or future tax return. Tax benefits are not recognised 
unless it is probable that they will be recovered. Calculating the group’s tax provisions requires judgements to be made based on past 
experience and the current tax environment. See notes 3(o), 13 and 26.

(g) Leases
IFRS 16 defines the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease together with the options to extend or terminate a lease, if the 
lessee were reasonably certain to exercise that option. Where a lease includes the option for the group to terminate the lease term, the 
group makes a judgement as to whether it is reasonably certain that the option will be taken. This will take into account the length of 
time remaining before the option is exercisable, current trading, future trading forecasts as to the ongoing profitability of the asset and 
the level and type of planned future capital investment. The group has reviewed long leaseholds and made a judgement to classify 
these as right-of-use assets on the basis that none of the leases convey a right or option to purchase at the lease end date and hence 
control of the building would never pass to the group, only the right to use it. See note 29.

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Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

5. Segmental reporting
The group is organised into the reporting segments referred to below. These segments are based on the different resources and risks 
involved in the running of the group. The executive board of the group internally reviews each reporting segment’s operating profit or 
loss before adjusting items for the purpose of deciding on the allocation of resources and assessing performance.

The group has two operating segments: managed houses and the Ram Pub Company. The managed house segment operates pubs. 
Revenue is derived from sales of drink, food and accommodation. The Ram Pub Company consists of pubs owned or leased by the 
company and leased or subleased to third parties. Revenue is derived from rents payable by, and sales of drink made to, tenants. 
Unallocated relates to head office income and costs and unlicensed properties.

Total segment revenue is derived externally with no intersegment revenues between the segments in either period. The group’s 
revenue is derived entirely from the UK.

Income statement

2021
Sales of goods
Accommodation sales
Total revenue from contracts with customers
Rental income
Total revenue recognised

Adjusted operating loss
Adjusting items
Operating loss

2020
Sales of goods
Accommodation sales
Total revenue from contracts with customers
Rental income
Total revenue recognised

Adjusted operating profit/(loss) 
Adjusting items
Operating profit/(loss)

Managed 
houses 
£m
84.5
2.5
87.0
–
87.0

(18.6)
(0.6)
(19.2)

284.5
14.0
298.5
0.6
299.1

59.9
(7.0)
52.9

Ram Pub 
Company 
£m
2.2
–
2.2
1.1
3.3

(0.7)
0.1
(0.6)

8.8
 –
8.8
3.3
12.1

4.3
(1.4)
2.9

Segments 
total 
£m
86.7
2.5
89.2
1.1
90.3

(19.3)
(0.5)
(19.8)

293.3
14.0
307.3
3.9
311.2

64.2
(8.4)
55.8

£0.3 million of unallocated income (2020: £0.4 million) is rental income derived from unlicensed properties.

The following is a reconciliation of the operating profit to the profit before tax:

Operating (loss)/profit
Finance costs
Finance charge for pension obligations
(Loss)/profit before tax 

Unallocated 
£m
–
–
–
0.3
0.3

(14.7)
(0.6)
(15.3)

 –
 –
 –
0.4
0.4

(17.7)
(0.2)
(17.9)

2021 
£m
(35.1)
(9.9)
(0.2)
(45.2)

Total 
£m
86.7
2.5
89.2
1.4
90.6

(34.0)
(1.1)
(35.1)

293.3
14.0
307.3
4.3
311.6

46.5
(8.6)
37.9

2020 
£m
37.9
(8.6)
(0.2)
29.1

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Balance sheet

2021
Segment assets
Deferred tax assets
Cash
Asset held for sale
Total assets
Other segmental information
Depreciation of property, equipment and right-of-use 
assets (note 18, note 19)
Additions to non-current assets1
Net movements in property valuation through income 
statement (note 10, note 18)

2020
Segment assets
Deferred tax assets
Cash
Asset held for sale
Total assets
Other segmental information
Depreciation of property, equipment and right-of-use 
assets (note 18, note 19)
Additions to non-current assets (note 18)1
Net movements in property valuation through income 
statement (note 10, note 18)

Managed 
houses 
£m
898.7
–
–
–
898.7

(30.4)
19.3

0.9

Managed 
houses 
£m
898.4
 –
 –
 –
898.4

(29.8)
79.7

(3.9)

Ram Pub 
Company 
£m
61.8
–
–
1.2
63.0

(2.2)
0.7

0.9

Ram Pub 
Company 
£m
67.9
 –
 –
0.5
68.4

(2.3)
3.8

(1.3)

Segments 
total 
£m
960.5
–
–
1.2
961.7

(32.6)
20.0

1.8

Segments 
total 
£m
966.3
 –
 –
0.5
966.8

(32.1)
83.5

(5.2)

1  Non-current assets for this purpose consist of property and equipment, right-of-use assets and intangible assets.

6. Revenue
The recognition of revenue under each of the group’s material revenue streams is as follows:

Sales of goods
Accommodation sales
Total revenue from contracts with customers
Rental income
Total revenue recognised

Unallocated 
£m
22.5
8.6
4.7
–
35.8

(1.1)
1.3

–

Unallocated 
£m
13.4
8.3
1.1
 –
22.8

(1.0)
0.2

(0.1)

2021 
£m
86.7
2.5
89.2
1.4
90.6

Total 
£m
983.0
8.6
4.7
1.2
997.5

(33.7)
21.3

1.8

Total 
£m
979.7
8.3
1.1
0.5
989.6

(33.1)
83.7

(5.3)

2020 
£m
293.3
14.0
307.3
4.3
311.6

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

99

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

7. Operating costs before adjusting items

Changes in inventories of finished goods and raw materials
Raw materials, consumables and finished goods used
Employment costs (note 8(a))
Depreciation of properties (note 18)
Depreciation of right-of-use assets (note 19)
Expense relating to short-term, low value or variable rent payments (note 29)
Other operating costs1

2021 
£m
0.7
20.3
92.1
26.1
7.6
0.2
(17.7)
129.3

2020 
£m
0.4
71.0
102.3
25.6
7.5
0.4
57.9
265.1

Auditor’s remuneration in respect of audit of the group financial statements

0.3

0.2

1   Credits of £43.3 million (2020: £1.4 million) in respect of the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme have been recognised within other operating costs as permitted by IAS 20.

8. Employment

(a) Costs and employee numbers

Wages and salaries
Social security
Pension and health care schemes
Employment costs 

Group

2021 
£m
84.2
6.2
1.7
92.1

2020 
£m
93.1
7.2
2.0
102.3

Company
2021 
£m
82.8
6.2
1.7
90.7

2020 
£m
93.0
7.2
2.0
102.2

The group’s and the company’s average monthly number of employees was 4,714 and 4,600 respectively (2020 group and 
company: 4,763 and 4,742 respectively). The group’s and the company’s number of employees at the period end was 4,185 (2020 
group and company: 5,145 and 4,894 respectively).

The group’s and the company’s average monthly number of operational employees was 4,590 and 4,476 respectively (2020 group 
and company: 4,632 and 4,611 respectively). The group’s and the company’s number of operational employees at the period end 
was 4,071 (2020 group and company: 5,016 and 4,765 respectively).

The group’s and the company’s average monthly number of administration employees was 123 (2020 group and company:132). 
The group’s and the company’s number of administration employees at the period end was 114 (2020 group and company: 129).

100 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

(b) Directors’ emoluments

Stephen Goodyear 4
Patrick Dardis
Michael Owen5
Simon Dodd6
Tracy Dodd
Roger Lambert
Nick Miller
Ian McHoul
Torquil Sligo–Young7
Trish Corzine8
Total

Basic 
salary 
and fees1 
2021 
£000
92
435
289
220
213
40
40
40
105
31
1,505

Basic 
salary 
and fees1 
2020 
£000
95
457
169
131
224
42
42
42
164
42
1,408

Benefits2
2021 
£000
–
2
2
17
2
–
–
–
16
–
39

Benefits2
2020 
£000
2
1
1
10
3
–
–
–
22
–
39

Bonus3
2021 
£000
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Total 
excluding 
pension 
costs 
2021 
£000
92
437
291
237
215
40
40
40
121
31
1,544

Total 
excluding 
pension 
costs 
2020 
£000
97
458
170
141
227
42
42
42
186
42
1,447

Bonus3
2020 
£000
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

1  Certain car-related benefits can be taken as benefits in kind, in cash or as a combination of the two. Where any cash is taken, that sum is included with the amounts shown in the ‘Basic salary 

and fees’ columns.

2  These relate to cars and/or private medical insurance.

3  For 2021, no bonus scheme was offered, and the remuneration committee determined that no discretionary bonuses should be paid. For 2020, the remuneration committee determined that 

no performance-related bonuses were payable to the executive directors pursuant to the bonus award letters issued in respect of FY2019/20.

4  The amount shown in the ‘Benefits 2020’ column was a cash contribution paid towards private medical insurance. For 2021, it is included in the amount shown in the ‘Basic salary and fees 

2021’ column. 

5  Mike Owen was appointed to the board on 9 September 2019. 

6  Simon Dodd was appointed to the board on 2 September 2019. 

7  Torquil Sligo-Young stepped down as an executive director on 30 September 2020 and became a non-executive director. Included within the amount shown in the ‘Benefits 2021’ column 

is a cash contribution paid towards private medical insurance. Note 8(e) on page 102 sets out the gains made on the exercise of share options.

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8  Trish Corzine stepped down from the board on 11 January 2021.

(c) Retirement benefits

Defined benefit pension scheme 
The company operates a defined benefit pension scheme: the Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. Pension Scheme. All active members 
contribute to it and continue to accrue benefits; during the period, those contributions were, on average, at a rate between 8% 
and 11% of pensionable earnings, dependent on each member’s accrual rate. The scheme invests largely in managed funds. 
The company accounts for retirement benefits in accordance with IAS 19; detailed disclosures covering this are set out in note 27. 
No director was accruing any defined benefit under the scheme as at 29 March 2021. Further, no director accrued any defined 
benefit under the scheme during the period. Stephen Goodyear, Patrick Dardis and Torquil Sligo-Young are pensioner members 
of the scheme.

Defined contribution pension scheme 
The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. As at 29 March 2021, Mike Owen, Simon Dodd and Tracy Dodd 
were members of the scheme and accruing retirement benefits under it. For the period, the company paid the following contributions 
into the scheme for them in respect of their qualifying services, being an amount equal to not more than 6% of their pensionable 
earnings, up to a pensionable earnings cap of £170,400: for Mike Owen – £8,817 (2020: £5,817), for Simon Dodd – £9,972 
(2020: £5,817) and for Tracy Dodd – £9,972 (2020: £9,972). The company contribution rates for these three individuals are aligned 
with the contribution rates for staff at Riverside House (and certain others) who are members of the scheme. 

Post-retirement health care 
The company bears the cost of post-retirement health care premia for certain employees and ex-employees (see note 27).

(d) Profit sharing scheme
This scheme, which involved an annual profit share allocation, was closed some time ago. As a result, it has effectively been in ‘run-off’, 
with periodic releases of accrued entitlements, represented by A shares, happening as and when a member reaches his or her normal 
retirement date. Several years ago, it was agreed with HM Revenue & Customs that all accrued entitlements could be released free 
of tax, even where an individual had not reached his or her retirement date. No A shares were released to scheme members during 
the period (2020: 3,060). As at 29 March 2021, an accrued entitlement effectively remained in respect of 712 A shares (2020: 712 
A shares).

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

101

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

8. Employment continued

(e) Savings-related share option scheme
The company operates a savings-related share option scheme. Ordinarily, from year to year, eligible employees of the group are 
invited to join the scheme and be granted options to buy shares in the company. Employees must agree to save a fixed monthly 
amount with a savings institution through deductions from net salary, generally over a three-year period. The amount to be saved 
determines the number of shares over which an option is granted. If the board chooses, options are granted at a discount of up to 
20% of the market price of a share at the time invitations are sent out to join the scheme for that year. There are no performance 
conditions other than continued employment. Due to the impact of coronavirus and the disproportionate impact of furlough on a 
significant proportion of the group’s employees, no invitations to join the scheme were sent out in 2020; the intention is to start 
sending them out again in 2021.

Of the directors who served throughout or during the period, only the following have an entitlement to A shares under the scheme:

Torquil Sligo-Young2
Tracy Dodd

At 30
March
 2020
659
1,013

Granted
–
–

Exercised
–
–

Lapsed
–
1,013

At 29 
March 
2021
659
–

Ordinarily
exercisable  

Ordinarily
exercisable 
from

Exercise price 
(pence per
share)1
to
1,364 01.09.21 28.02.22
1,066 01.09.20 28.02.21

Gains made 
on exercise of 
share options 
(£)2
–
–

1   The exercise prices of 1,364p per share and 1,066p per share represent a discount of not more than 20% to the market price of an A share at the time the relevant invitations to join the scheme 

were issued, being 1,705p per share and 1,332p per share respectively.

2  The gain made on the exercise of a share option is calculated by taking the difference between the exercise price and the opening market price of an A share on the day the option is exercised, and 
then multiplying that by the number of A shares in respect of which the option is exercised. Torquil Sligo-Young exercised a share option (over 933 A shares) in the prior period – that option had an 
exercise price of 964p per share and its exercise resulted in a gain of £6,400. 

9. Government grants and assistance
During the period, the group was eligible for a number of government grant schemes which were introduced to mitigate the impact 
of covid-19. The impact of each scheme on the income statement for the period ended 29 March 2021 was as follows:

Government grant scheme
Eat Out to Help Out
Government grant income
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme ('CJRS')
Covid Corporate Financing Facility ('CCFF')
Total government grants received

Income statement line impacted
Revenue
Other income
Operating costs before adjusting items
Finance costs

2021
£m
2.4
4.7
43.3
0.1
50.5

2020 
£m
–
–
1.4
–
1.4

At 29 March 2021, £29.8 million has been recognised within current borrowings in the balance sheet representing the fair value of 
the CCFF, with a further £0.2 million recognised within trade and other payables as deferred income, representing the favourable 
conditions granted by the Government. 

In respect of the CJRS, £4.6 million remained outstanding at 29 March 2021, and a further £1.3 million remains outstanding 
at 29 March 2021 in respect of government grant income. Both these amounts have been recognised within trade and 
other receivables. 

The group additionally took advantage of the business rate holiday, saving £15.6 million in the period, reduced 5% VAT on eligible 
sales and the deferral of VAT payments. See note 3(w) for further information.

102 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

10. Adjusting items

Amounts included in operating profit:
Upward movement on the revaluation of properties (note 18)1 
Downward movement on the revaluation of properties (note 18)1
Group reorganisation2
Covid restructuring3
Tenant compensation4
Net loss on disposal of properties5
Acquisition costs6

Tax on adjusting items:
Tax attributable to adjusting items
Total adjusting items after tax

2021 
£m

3.4
(1.6)
(1.4)
(0.5)
(0.5)
(0.5)
–
(1.1)

0.2
(0.9)

2020 
£m

1.7
(7.0)
–
–
(1.7)
(0.6)
(1.0)
(8.6)

(1.6)
(10.2)

1  The movement on the revaluation of properties is a non-cash item that relates to the revaluation exercise that was completed at the period end date. The revaluation was conducted at an individual 
pub level and identified an upward movement of £3.4 million (2020: £1.7 million) representing reversals of previous impairments recognised in the income statement, and a downward movement 
of £1.6 million (2020: £7.0 million), representing downward movements in excess of amounts recognised in equity. These resulted in a net upward movement of £1.8 million (2020: £5.3 million 
net downward) which has been recognised in the income statement. The upward movement for the period ended 29 March 2021 was split between land and buildings of £1.8 million 
(2020: £5.3 million downward) and fixtures and fittings of £nil (2020: £nil). See note 5 for segmental information and note 18 for information on the revaluation of properties.

2  The group reorganisation costs of £1.4 million related to the stamp duty land tax and associated legal and professional fees incurred on the transfer of the business and assets of Spring Pub 

Company Limited, a group of five sites acquired on 12 March 2020 to Young’s. The cost was foreseen at the time of the acquisition in March 2020, but did not crystallise until the transfer happened 
in September 2020.

3  Covid restructuring costs of £0.5 million related to a reorganisation of the group’s head office functions. These were largely made up of severance costs.

4  Tenant compensation of £0.5 million was paid to previous tenants of the Royal Oak (Bethnal Green) and an unlicensed property (Wandsworth) to terminate their lease agreements early. During the 

prior period, tenant compensation of £1.7 million was paid to the previous tenants of the White Bear (Tunbridge Wells), New Inn (Ealing), Constitution (Camden) and an unlicensed property 
(Wandsworth) to terminate their lease agreements early.

5  The loss on disposal of properties related to the difference between cash, less disposal costs, received from the sale of the Horse Pond Inn (Castle Cary), the lease expiry of the Black Cat (Catford), 
the Surprise (Chelsea) and the Greyhound (Hendon) and the carrying value of their assets, including goodwill, at the dates of disposal. In the prior period, the carrying value of the Horse Pond Inn 
was previously derecognised from property and equipment and instead classified as an asset held for sale. Proceeds of £0.4 million were recognised in respect of the sale of the Horse Pond Inn in 
the current period. During the prior period, the loss on disposal of properties related to the difference between cash, less disposal costs, received from the lease expiry of the Builder’s Arms (Chelsea), 
termination of the lease of the Alphabet (Islington) and the sale of the Bristol Ram (Bristol) and the carrying value of their assets, including goodwill, at the dates of disposal.

6  The prior period acquisition costs related to the purchase of Spring Pub Company Limited, a group of five sites acquired on 12 March 2020, along with the White Bear (Tunbridge Wells) and the 

Constitution (Camden). They included legal and professional fees and stamp duty land tax (note 14). 

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11. Other financial measures
The table below shows how adjusted group EBITDA, operating profit and profit before tax have been arrived at. They exclude 
adjusting items which due to their material or non-recurring nature distort the group’s performance. These alternative performance 
measures have been provided to help investors assess the group’s underlying performance. Details of the adjusting items can be seen 
in note 10. All the results below are from continuing operations.

EBITDA
Depreciation and net movement on the 
revaluation of properties
Operating (loss)/profit
Net finance costs
Finance charge for pension obligations
(Loss)/profit before tax

Unadjusted
£m
(3.2)

(31.9)
(35.1)
(9.9)
(0.2)
(45.2)

2021

Adjusting
items
£m
2.9

(1.8)
1.1
–
–
1.1

Adjusted
£m
(0.3)

Unadjusted
£m
76.3

(33.7)
(34.0)
(9.9)
(0.2)
(44.1)

(38.4)
37.9
(8.6)
(0.2)
29.1

2020

Adjusting
items
£m
3.3

5.3
8.6
–
–
8.6

Adjusted
£m
79.6

(33.1)
46.5
(8.6)
(0.2)
37.7

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

103

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

12. Finance costs

Bank loans and overdrafts
Interest on lease liabilities (note 29)

2021 
£m
7.3
2.6
9.9

13. Taxation
The major components of income tax (credit)/expense for the years ended 29 March 2021 and 30 March 2020 are:

Tax (credited)/charged in the group income statement
Current income tax
Current tax (credit)/expense 

Deferred tax
Relating to origin and reversal of temporary differences
Adjustment in respect of deferred tax of prior periods
Change in corporation tax rate

Income tax (credited)/charged in the income statement

Deferred tax in the group income statement
Property revaluation and disposals
Capital allowances
Retirement benefit schemes
Share based payments
Trade losses
Deferred tax (credited)/charged in the income statement

Deferred tax in the group statement of other comprehensive income
Property revaluation and disposals
Retirement benefit schemes
Interest rate swaps
Change in corporation tax rate
Deferred tax charged to other comprehensive income

2021 
£m

(5.8)
(5.8)

(1.6)
0.5
–
(1.1)
(6.9)

(0.1)
(0.2)
0.2
–
(1.0)
(1.1)

3.8
0.2
0.5
–
4.5

2020 
£m
6.1
2.5
8.6

2020 
£m

8.6
8.6

(0.4)
–
1.6
1.2
9.8

1.4
(1.2)
0.6
0.3
0.1
1.2

(1.5)
(0.1)
0.1
4.6
3.1

A reconciliation of the tax expense at the group’s effective tax rate to the accounting profit before tax at the statutory tax rate for the 
periods ended 29 March 2021 and 30 March 2020 respectively is as follows:

Accounting (loss)/profit before income tax

At the group's statutory income tax rate of 19% (2020: 19%)
Tax effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes1
Recognition of property revaluation, rollover claim and other property movements
Non-taxable income
Remeasurement of deferred tax – change in corporation tax rate
Prior period adjustment – deferred tax
Total tax (credit)/expense

2021 
£m
(45.2)

(8.6)

1.4
(0.1)
(0.1)
–
0.5
(6.9)

2020 
£m
29.1

5.6

3.2
(0.3)
(0.3)
1.6
–
9.8

1  Expenses not deductible for tax purposes include property acquisition costs, pension service costs, depreciation on assets ineligible for capital allowances and share based payments.

The deferred tax assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date are calculated at the substantively enacted rate of 19%. 

104 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

14. Business combinations

Acquisitions in 2021
In the current period, the group and the company have made no business acquisitions and no further amendments to the fair value of 
business combinations.

Acquisitions in 2020

Spring Pub Company Limited
In the prior period, the group and the company acquired the entire issued share capital of Spring Pub Company Limited, a non-listed 
company incorporated in England and specialising in the operation of pubs. Total cash consideration was £29.9 million, of which 
£20.1 million was in respect of share capital and £9.8 million was for the freehold of site leased by Spring Pub Company Limited. 
Spring Pub Company Limited consisted of five premium managed houses in prime locations throughout Surrey and South West 
London which complement the group’s current pub estate. 

The fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities of Spring Pub Company Limited as at the date of acquisition were:

Identifiable assets and liabilities
Property and equipment (note 18)
Right-of-use assets (note 19)
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other payables
Lease liabilities (note 29)
Deferred tax on fair value adjustment
Net assets
Goodwill
Cash consideration on acquisition of Spring Pub Company business

Provisional
fair value
£m

24.3
15.0
0.1
0.5
(1.0)
(8.3)
(4.0)
26.6
3.3
29.9

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The fair value of property and equipment on acquisition was valued externally by Fleurets, independent Chartered Surveyors, taking 
into account the properties’ highest and best value. The valuation was based on information such as current and historic levels 
of turnover, gross profit, wages and overheads and resultant EBITDA. The valuers had then applied an appropriate multiplier to 
the EBITDA.

The group measured the acquired lease liabilities using the present value of the remaining lease payments at the date of acquisition. 
The right-of-use assets were measured at an amount equal to the lease liabilities and adjusted to reflect the favourable terms of the 
lease relative to market terms.

During the prior period, £3.3 million of goodwill was recognised in respect of the acquisition of Spring Pub Company Limited. 
This was largely generated from deferred tax liabilities which arose on the fair value adjustment of property, equipment and right-of-
use assets. None of the goodwill recognised was expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The group incurred £0.5 million 
of costs associated with the acquisition, which had been recorded as adjusting items (note 10).

In the prior period, between the date of acquisition and the balance sheet date, Spring Pub Company Limited contributed £0.2 million 
of revenue and £0.1 million of operating loss. If the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of the year, revenue would have 
increased by £12.2 million and operating profit would have increased by £3.4 million.

Other business combinations
In the prior period, the group and the company acquired the White Bear (Tunbridge Wells) and the Constitution (Camden) as 
business combinations for considerations totalling £5.4 million. The aggregated fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the 
acquired businesses was property and equipment of £5.4 million and inventories of £nil. The group incurred £0.5 million of costs 
associated with the acquisitions, which have had recorded within operating adjusting items.

In the prior period, between the date of acquisition and the balance sheet date, the White Bear and the Constitution had contributed 
£1.2 million of revenue and £nil to the operating profit of the group. If the acquisition had been completed at the beginning of the 
previous year, group revenue for the period would have been expected to increase by £2.0 million and the group operating profit 
would have increased by £0.3 million.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

105

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

14. Business combinations continued

Cash flow from business combinations

Spring Pub Company Limited
Other business combinations
Total net cash outflow

15. Dividends on equity shares

Final dividend (previous period)
Interim dividend (current period)

2021 
£m
–
–
–

2021 
£m
–
–
–

2020 
£m
(29.9)
(5.4)
(35.3)

2020 
£m
5.3
5.2
10.5

2021 
pence per share
–
–
–

2020 
pence per share
10.81
10.57
21.38

The table above sets out dividends that have been paid. The board has decided that it is not appropriate to recommend payment of a 
final dividend in respect of the period ended 29 March 2021.

16. (Loss)/earnings per ordinary share

(a) (Loss)/earnings

(Loss)/profit attributable to equity shareholders of the parent
Adjusting items
Tax attributable to above adjustments
Adjusted (loss)/earnings after tax

Basic weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue
Dilutive potential ordinary shares from outstanding employee share options
Diluted weighted average number of shares

(b) Basic (loss)/earnings per share

Basic
Effect of adjusting items
Adjusted basic (loss)/earnings per share

(c) Diluted (loss)/earnings per share

Diluted
Effect of adjusting items 
Adjusted diluted (loss)/earnings per share

2021
£m
(38.3)
1.1
(0.2)
(37.4)

2020
£m
19.3
8.6
1.6
29.5

Number
56,132,368
–
56,132,368

Number
49,018,801
28,901
49,047,702

Pence
(68.23)
1.60
(66.63)

Pence
(68.23)
1.60
(66.63)

Pence
39.37
20.81
60.18

Pence
39.35
20.80
60.15

The basic (loss)/earnings per share figure is calculated by dividing the net (loss)/profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders 
of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period.

Diluted (loss)/earnings per share are calculated on a similar basis taking into account dilutive potential shares under our SAYE scheme. 
There were 61 potential dilutive shares, which were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, as they were 
antidilutive in the period due to the group being loss making. During the prior period, there were 28,901 dilutive shares (see notes 
8(e) and 31).

Adjusted (loss)/earnings per share are presented to eliminate the effect of the adjusting items and the tax attributable to those items on 
basic and diluted (loss)/earnings per share.

106 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

17. Goodwill
Goodwill is recognised in respect of the following acquisitions for group and company: 

Geronimo Inns Limited
Redcomb Pubs Limited
Spring Pub Company Limited
Smiths of Smithfield Limited
580 Limited
At 29 March 2021

Cost
At 2 April 2019 
Acquisitions
At 30 March 2020
Acquisitions
At 29 March 2021
Amortisation
At 2 April 2019 
Disposals
At 30 March 2020
Disposals
At 29 March 2021
Carrying amount
At 2 April 2019 
At 30 March 2020
At 29 March 2021

Group

2021 
£m
18.4
8.8
3.3
1.1
0.9
32.5

2020 
£m
18.4
8.8
3.3
1.1
0.9
32.5

Company
2021 
£m
17.0
8.7
3.3
1.1
0.9
31.0

Group
£m

31.4
3.3
34.7
–
34.7

1.8
0.4
2.2
–
2.2

29.6
32.5
32.5

2020 
£m
17.0
8.7
–
1.1
0.9
27.7

Company
£m

18.3
9.8
28.1
3.3
31.4

0.2
0.2
0.4
–
0.4

18.1
27.7
31.0

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The opening group goodwill of £32.5 million arose on the acquisition of Geronimo Group Limited, Redcomb Pubs Limited, Spring 
Pub Company Limited, Smiths of Smithfield Limited and 580 Limited. 

During the current period, the trade and assets of Spring Pub Company Limited were transferred in full into Young’s at consolidated 
book value. As a result, associated goodwill has been transferred into Young’s creating goodwill of £3.3 million within the company.

During the prior period, £3.3 million of goodwill was recognised in respect of the acquisition of Spring Pub Company Limited. 
This was largely generated from deferred tax liabilities which arose on the fair value adjustment of property, equipment and right-of-
use assets. None of the goodwill recognised was expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

During the prior period, the lease of the Builders Arms (Chelsea) expired and no longer formed part of Geronimo group and the 
managed houses segment. The relative value of goodwill associated with the Builders Arms, £0.4 million, had been expensed and 
classified within adjusting items. 

In the prior period, the trade and assets of the Redcomb group, with the exception of a pre-defined list of excluded assets, were transferred 
into Young’s at consolidated book value. As a result, associated goodwill had been transferred into Young’s creating goodwill of £8.7 million 
within the company. The properties within Smiths of Smithfield also transferred into Young’s. As the goodwill relating to Smiths of Smithfield 
arose from deferred tax only, both the goodwill and deferred tax liability transferred into the company accordingly in the prior period. 

The group tests goodwill annually for impairment or more frequently if there are indicators that goodwill may have been impaired. 
There will be an impairment if the recoverable amount is lower than carrying value. Recoverable amount is value in use. The value in 
use is calculated based upon, in management’s view, the most likely impact of coronavirus in the short term, followed by a return to 
full trade in the year commencing 30 March 2021. No impairment has been recognised in the current period. For all cash generating 
units, cash flows assume 1.4% growth (2020: 2.0%), with the exception of Smiths of Smithfield Limited where growth rates increase 
over a five-year period to reflect the anticipated arrival of Crossrail in 2022 and the opening of the Museum of London in 2024. 
The pre-tax discount rate applied to all cash flow projections is 8.8% (2020: 7.7%).

The impairment calculation is most sensitive to the pre-tax discount rate and EBITDA assumptions. Management have performed a 
sensitivity analysis on the impairment test. Given the uncertainty surrounding future trade levels due to the impact of the coronavirus 
pandemic, several scenarios have been modelled. Management have considered the impact of an increase in either the pre-tax 

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

107

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

17. Goodwill continued
discount rate to 10.3% or a reduction of EBITDA by 15% and none of the models are sensitive to an impairment with these variables 
with the exception of Smiths of Smithfield Limited, which a small impairment would be recognised with a change in these variables. 
The model includes a number of assumptions, including those around covid-19, and assumes that Smiths of Smithfield will return to 
pre-pandemic trading as the pandemic subsides in the financial year commencing 30 March 2021.

18. Property and equipment

Cost or valuation
At 2 April 2019
Additions 
Business combinations
Transfers from subsidiary companies
Disposals
Transfer out to asset held for sale
Fully depreciated assets
Revaluation1
  – upward movement in valuation
  – downward movement in valuation
At 30 March 2020
Additions
Transfers from subsidiary companies
Disposals
Transfer out to asset held for sale
Fully depreciated assets
Revaluation1
  – upward movement in valuation
  – downward movement in valuation
At 29 March 2021

Depreciation and impairment
At 2 April 2019
Depreciation charge
Disposals
Transfer out to asset held for sale
Fully depreciated assets
Revaluation1
  – upward movement in valuation
  – downward movement in valuation
At 30 March 2020
Depreciation charge
Disposals
Transfer out to asset held for sale
Fully depreciated assets
Revaluation1
  – upward movement in valuation
  – downward movement in valuation
At 29 March 2021

At 2 April 2019
At 30 March 2020
At 29 March 2021

Group

Company

Land & 
buildings 
£m
693.3
6.6
27.1
–
(1.7)
(0.8)
(0.2)

19.1
(29.3)
714.1
3.9
–
–
(0.9)
(7.7)

14.5
(6.0)
717.9

27.8
1.6
(1.0)
(0.6)
(0.2)

7.0
(2.6)
32.0
1.7
–
–
(7.7)

(3.9)
1.6
23.7

665.5
682.1
694.2

Fixtures, 
fittings & 
equipment 
£m
148.0
26.1
2.6
–
(0.8)
(0.4)
(14.8)

–
–
160.7
15.2
–
(0.2)
(0.4)
(19.1)

–
–
156.2

62.9
24.0
(0.3)
(0.1)
(14.8)

–
–
71.7
24.4
(0.2)
(0.1)
(19.1)

–
–
76.7

85.1
89.0
79.5

Total 
£m
841.3
32.7
29.7
–
(2.5)
(1.2)
(15.0)

19.1
(29.3)
874.8
19.1
–
(0.2)
(1.3)
(26.8)

14.5
(6.0)
874.1

90.7
25.6
(1.3)
(0.7)
(15.0)

7.0
(2.6)
103.7
26.1
(0.2)
(0.1)
(26.8)

(3.9)
1.6
100.4

750.6
771.1
773.7

Land & 
buildings 
£m
668.8
6.5
14.4
20.8
(1.0)
(0.8)
(0.2)

19.1
(28.8)
698.8
3.9
14.7
–
(0.9)
(7.4)

14.5
(6.0)
717.6

26.6
1.4
(0.3)
(0.6)
(0.2)

7.0
(2.6)
31.3
1.6
–
–
(7.4)

(3.9)
1.6
23.2

642.2
667.5
694.4

Fixtures, 
fittings & 
equipment 
£m
141.3
26.0
0.9
2.1
(0.6)
(0.4)
(14.8)

–
–
154.5
15.2
0.1
(0.2)
(0.4)
(19.1)

–
–
150.1

62.2
23.5
(0.3)
(0.1)
(14.8)

–
–
70.5
24.3
(0.2)
(0.1)
(19.1)

–
–
75.4

79.1
84.0
74.7

Total 
£m
810.1
32.5
15.3
22.9
(1.6)
(1.2)
(15.0)

19.1
(28.8)
853.3
19.1
14.8
(0.2)
(1.3)
(26.5)

14.5
(6.0)
867.7

88.8
24.9
(0.6)
(0.7)
(15.0)

7.0
(2.6)
101.8
25.9
(0.2)
(0.1)
(26.5)

(3.9)
1.6
98.6

721.3
751.5
769.1

1  The group’s net book value uplift during the period was £10.8 million (2020: an impairment £14.6 million). This uplift was recognised either in the revaluation reserve or the income statement, 

as appropriate.

108 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

The impact of the revaluations was as follows:

Income statement
Revaluation loss charged as impairment
Reversal of past impairment
Net uplift/(impairment) recognised in the income statement

Revaluation reserve
Unrealised revaluation surplus
Reversal of past surplus
Net uplift/(impairment) recognised in the revaluation reserve

Net revaluation increase/(decrease) in property

Group

2021 
£m

(1.6)
3.4
1.8

15.0
(6.0)
9.0

10.8

2020 
£m

(7.0)
1.7
(5.3)

20.0
(29.3)
(9.3)

Company
2021 
£m

(1.6)
3.4
1.8

15.0
(6.0)
9.0

2020 
£m

(7.0)
1.7
(5.3)

20.0
(29.6)
(9.6)

(14.6)

10.8

(14.9)

(a) Revaluation of property and equipment
On an annual basis, a portion of the group’s property estate is valued externally by Savills, independent Chartered Surveyors, in 
accordance with the provisions of the RICS Valuation – Professional Standards January 2014 (Revised April 2015) (‘the Red Book’), 
which takes account of the properties’ highest and best value. The remaining portion of the estate is valued on a desktop basis by 
Savills and by Brendan Brammer BSc (Hons) MRICS, the group’s interim director of property and tenancies and a Chartered Surveyor, 
based upon the information provided by the group.

The valuation is based on information such as current and historical levels of turnover, gross profit, wages and overheads and 
resultant EBITDA. The valuers have then applied a multiplier to the EBITDA based upon the relative risks associated with the trading 
format, tenure and property. In a number of cases, the value of the property derived purely from an income approach understates 
the underlying property value. In these cases the valuers have applied a spot value to the property rather than a value derived from 
a multiple applied to the income. For a small number of properties, a net investment yield valuation approach is considered most 
appropriate based upon the nature of site operations. 

The valuation contains a material uncertainty given the lack of comparable transactional activity since the onset of coronavirus and the 
uncertainty over future trade at the valuation date.

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The external valuations made are consistent and in support with the values derived by Brendan Brammer. These valuations and 
the assumptions used are reviewed by the board and the auditor. The highest and best use of the group’s properties do not differ 
materially from their current use.

These techniques are consistent with the principles in IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement and use significant unobservable inputs 
such that the fair value measurement of each property within the portfolio has been classified as Level 3 (2020: Level 3) in the fair 
value hierarchy.

The key inputs to valuation on property and equipment are as follows:

Tenure
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold

2021
Managed houses
Ram Pub Company
Managed houses
Ram Pub Company
Segment total
Leasehold properties
Unallocated
Total net book value at 29 March 2021

EBITDA multiple range

Low
7.0
7.0
Spot
Spot

High
12.0
12.0
Spot
Spot

Number
of pubs
92
31
58
23
204
68
–
272

Value 
of pubs
£m
434.9
29.8
236.5
24.9
726.1
39.1
8.5
773.7

In addition, the group’s estate includes a pub which has been reclassified as asset held for sale (note 23). The total number of pubs 
owned by the group is 273 (2020: 276, including one pub reclassified as asset held for sale at period end).

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

109

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

18. Property and equipment continued

Tenure
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold

2020
Managed houses
Ram Pub Company
Managed houses
Ram Pub Company
Ram Pub Company
Segment total
Leasehold properties
Unallocated
Total net book value at 30 March 2020

EBITDA multiple range

Low
7.0
7.0
Spot
Spot
Yield

High
12.0
12.0
Spot
Spot
Yield

Number
of pubs
115
42
30
17
1
205
70
–
275

Value 
of pubs
£m
551.9
39.3
109.1
17.0
4.9
722.2
41.2
7.7
771.1

If, at 2021, the property estate had been carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, its carrying 
amount would have been approximately £459.6 million (2020: £467.8 million).

The revaluation surplus represents the amount by which the fair value of the estate exceeds its historic cost.

A sensitivity analysis has been conducted on the property estate to give an indication of the impact of movements in the most sensitive 
assumption, EBITDA. The analysis considers this single change with the other assumptions unchanged. In practice, changes in one 
assumption may be accompanied by changes in another. Changes in market values may also occur at the same time as any changes 
in assumptions. This information should not be taken as a projection of likely future valuation movements. Decreasing the EBITDA 
used in the revaluation by 10% would decrease the valuation by £46.2 million (2020: £59.1 million). Increasing the EBITDA used in 
the revaluation by 10% would increase the valuation by £46.2 million (2020: £59.1 million).

(b) Disaggregation of property and equipment
The table below sets out the disaggregation of property and equipment between pubs used by the group and pubs leased to tenants.

Land and buildings
As at 2 April 2019
Additions, disposals and transfers
Depreciation charge
Revaluation
As at 30 March 2020
Additions, disposals and transfers
Depreciation charge
Revaluation
As at 29 March 2021

Fixtures, fittings and equipment
As at 2 April 2019
Additions, disposals and transfers
Depreciation charge
As at 30 March 2020
Additions, disposals and transfers
Depreciation charge
As at 29 March 2021

(c) Capital commitments

Used by group
£m
617.1
33.2
(1.5)
(14.2)
634.6
3.8
(1.6)
8.5
645.3

Leased to tenants
£m
48.4
(0.4)
(0.1)
(0.4)
47.5
(0.8)
(0.1)
2.3
48.9

Used by group
£m
78.3
25.2
(22.1)
81.4
14.6
(22.5)
73.5

Leased to tenants
£m
6.8
2.7
(1.9)
7.6
0.3
(1.9)
6.0

Capital commitments not provided for in these financial statements and for which contracts have been 
placed amounted to:

2021
£m

10.6

110 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Total
£m
665.5
32.8
(1.6)
(14.6)
682.1
3.0
(1.7)
10.8
694.2

Total
£m
85.1
27.9
(24.0)
89.0
14.9
(24.4)
79.5

2020
£m

0.8

19. Right-of-use assets
Set out below are the carrying amounts of right-of-use assets recognised and the movements during the period:
Company

Group

As at 2 April 2019
Additions
Business combinations 
Lease amendments
Depreciation 
As at 30 March 2020
Additions
Lease amendments
Depreciation 
As at 29 March 2021

Property
£m
147.8
2.8
15.0
4.7
 (7.3)
163.0
2.1
0.1
(7.4)
157.8

Motor vehicles
£m
0.3
0.2
–
–
 (0.2)
0.3
0.1
–
(0.2)
0.2

Other assets
£m
0.1
–
–
–
–
0.1
–
(0.1)
–
–

Total
£m
148.2
3.0
15.0
4.7
(7.5)
163.4
2.2
–
(7.6)
158.0

Property
£m
125.4
12.5
–
4.7
(6.1)
136.5
18.3
0.3
(6.2)
148.9

Motor vehicles
£m
0.3
0.2
–
–
(0.2)
0.3
0.1
–
(0.1)
0.3

Other assets
£m
0.1
–
–
–
–
0.1
–
(0.1)
–
–

Total
£m
125.8
12.7
–
4.7
(6.3)
136.9
18.4
0.2
(6.3)
149.2

The depreciation charge has been recognised within operating costs in the income statement. 

The group lease amendments include £0.7 million of rent holidays treated as lease modifications which have been offset against 
£0.7 million of rent amendments in the period.

The group tests right-of-use assets for impairment when there are indicators that the assets may have been impaired. The loss of trade 
following coronavirus was considered an indicator of impairment. There will be an impairment if the recoverable amount is lower 
than carrying value. Recoverable amount is value in use. The inputs to the impairment model are consistent with those applied to the 
goodwill impairment test (note 17). No impairment has been recognised in the current period. 

The impairment calculation is most sensitive to the pre-tax discount rate and EBITDA assumptions. Management have performed a 
sensitivity analysis on the impairment test. Given the uncertainty surrounding future trade levels, due to the impact of the coronavirus 
pandemic, several scenarios have been modelled. A 50% decline in year 1 and year 2 EBITDA, with trade returning to normal levels 
in year 3 and all other assumptions remaining the same, would result in an impairment of £1.0 million on the right-of-use assets.

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20. Investments in subsidiaries 

Cost and net book value
At 1 April 2019
Additions
Impairment
At 30 March 2020
Additions
Impairment
At 29 March 2021

The group financial statements include:

Group subsidiary undertakings
580 Limited
BFI Limited1
Geronimo Inns Limited 
Old Manor Trading Limited1
Redcomb Pubs & Bars Limited1
Redcomb Pubs Limited
Spring Pub Company Limited2
The Canbury Arms Limited2

1  The shares in this subsidiary undertaking are held indirectly.

2  Expected to be struck off and dissolved at its own request.

Company
£m
35.8
20.1
(21.5)
34.4
–
(20.1)
14.3

Country of  
incorporation  

and registration
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England

% of equity 
and votes held
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

20. Investments in subsidiaries continued
Smiths of Smithfield Limited was struck off and dissolved at its own request on 5 January 2021; before that, it was a wholly owned 
subsidiary of the company.

During the current period, impairment losses of £20.1 million were recognised on the investments in Spring Pub Company Limited, 
the parent company of The Canbury Arms Limited. This was a result of all the assets being transferred to the company.

During the prior period, Geronimo Airports Limited was dissolved, having gone into members’ voluntary liquidation in December 
2017; before that, it was a wholly owned subsidiary of the company.

During the prior period, the company acquired the entire issued share capital of Spring Pub Company Limited, the parent company of 
The Canbury Arms Limited. This created an additional investment of £20.1 million. 

During the prior period, impairment losses of £6.7 million and £14.8 million were recognised on the investments in Smiths of 
Smithfield Limited and the Redcomb group of companies respectively; these were as a result of the majority of the assets within those 
companies being transferred to the company. 

Each of the company’s subsidiary undertakings has its registered office located at Riverside House, 26 Osiers Road, Wandsworth, 
London SW18 1NH. 

21. Inventories

Finished goods and raw materials

Group

2021 
£m
2.6

2020 
£m
3.3

Company
2021 
£m
2.6

Inventory is stated net of a provision for obsolete finished goods and raw materials of £nil (2020: £0.2).

22. Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables
Other receivables
Prepayments
Amounts due from subsidiaries

Group

2021 
£m
0.8
7.5
2.1
–
10.4

2020 
£m
2.7
3.8
2.8
–
9.3

Company
2021 
£m
0.8
7.5
2.1
0.9
11.3

2020 
£m
3.2

2020 
£m
2.7
3.8
2.4
1.0
9.9

Trade receivables are denominated in sterling, are non-interest bearing and are generally on 0-20 days’ terms. They are carried at 
amortised cost less expected lifetime credit losses.

Other receivables include £4.6 million (2020: £1.4 million) receivable from the Government in respect of the Coronavirus Job 
Retention Scheme, £1.3 million (2020: £nil) in respect of government grant income claimed but not received and £0.6 million 
(2020: £1.3 million) for fees in respect of project costs.

Prepayments include an amount due from the pension scheme in respect of payments made to beneficiaries on behalf of the 
scheme. The balance outstanding at 29 March 2021 was £0.9 million (2020: £1.1 million). The amount is non-interest bearing and is 
repayable on demand. 

The 12-month expected credit losses on amounts due from subsidiaries are not material in the current period or prior period. 

At 29 March 2021, there were expected lifetime credit losses recognised against the trade receivables of £0.5 million 
(2020: £0.6 million). The table below provides an indication of movement during the period.

Opening balance
Amounts written off

112 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

2021 
£m
0.6
(0.1)
0.5

2020 
£m
0.7
(0.1)
0.6

Management have applied the provision matrix to identify expected credit losses in the current period as follows:

2021
Percentage loss rate
Expected lifetime credit loss
2020
Percentage loss rate
Expected lifetime credit loss

23. Asset held for sale

Property held for sale

Neither past  
due nor 
impaired 
£m
0.5
24%
0.1
2.2
9%
0.2

Total 
£m
1.3

0.5
3.3

0.6

<31 
days 
£m
–
43%
–
0.2
26%
0.1

Group

2021 
£m
1.2

31-60 
days 
£m
0.1
44%
–
0.3
32%
0.1

2020 
£m
0.5

61-90 
days 
£m
0.1
49%
–
0.1
37%
–

Company
2021 
£m
1.2

91+ 
days 
£m
0.6
56%
0.4
0.5
42%
0.2

2020 
£m
0.5

At 29 March 2021, one property has been classified as held for sale. The property, which sits within the Ram Pub Company 
operating segment, has been identified as asset held for sale based on its fit with the remaining Young’s estate. Sale is expected within 
12 months from the reporting date. No material change in value was recognised on reclassifying the property as held for sale.

In the prior period, one property, which sat within the Ram Pub Company operating segment, had been reclassified as held for sale 
and no material change in value was recognised on reclassification. The sale occurred during the current period.

24. Trade and other payables

Trade payables
Other tax and social security
Other creditors
Accruals and deferred income
Amounts due to subsidiaries

Group

2021 
£m
3.1
0.9
5.2
6.6
–
15.8

2020 
£m
16.1
5.7
6.1
5.4
–
33.3

Company
2021 
£m
3.1
0.9
5.3
6.6
11.6
27.5

2020 
£m
16.1
5.7
5.9
5.0
10.5
43.2

All trade payables are payable on demand and the carrying values above equate to fair value. 

Other creditors mainly consist of employee and property related creditors.

25. Capital management and financial instruments
The group’s capital management objective is to maintain an optimal structure, measuring investment opportunities against returning 
capital to shareholders, but with an appropriate level of gearing. This provides a platform from which the group can seek to maximise 
shareholder value. The board monitors its capital using gearing ratios, such as net debt as a multiple of EBITDA and interest cover.
All covenants in relation to bank loans are prepared on a pre-IFRS 16 basis. Due to covid-19 the group agreed a covenant waiver 
in relation to debt facilities which during the year required the group to maintain a liquidity headroom of at least £20.0 million. 
The waiver has been comfortably complied with. The group finances the business with a mixture of equity (note 30) and debt 
(note 33). 

The group’s principal treasury objective is to manage financial risks and provide secure and competitively priced funding for the 
group’s activities. When appropriate, the group uses financial instruments and derivatives to manage these risks.

The borrowing requirements are met largely by bank debt. Other sources of funding arise directly from trading activities, such as trade 
and other payables. The right-of-use assets are funded by lease liabilities.

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113

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

25. Capital management and financial instruments continued
The main financial risks relate to interest rates, credit, liquidity and cash flow. Other risks that the group faces are referred to in the 
Principal risks and uncertainties section starting on page 26. The board seeks to manage the financial risks in the following manner:

Interest rate risk
The objective is to minimise the group’s interest cost and provide protection from adverse movements in interest rates. The board 
does this by maintaining a mix of debt at fixed and variable interest rates. Interest rate swaps are used to help manage this exposure 
by fixing interest rates whilst matching the maturity profile and cash flows of the underlying debt. These swaps are designated as cash 
flow hedges.

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity of the group’s profit before tax to a change in interest rates, with all other variables 
held constant.

2021

2020

Increase/ 
decrease in %
+1.0
-0.5
+1.0
-0.5

Effect on profit 
before tax
£m
(0.10)
0.05
(0.70)
0.30

Credit risk
The objective is to minimise the group’s credit risk. Credit risks include counterparties defaulting on their debts or other obligations 
which would impair the group’s ability to recover the carrying value of that asset. This is assessed with regard to historical credit losses 
experienced, the current economic climate, expected changes in forecasts and specific other factors of future events.

The group has financial control policies which it follows before entering into arrangements with a new counterparty or when there 
is a substantial change in the existing relationship. Any potential impairments are monitored and, where appropriate, provision is 
made for any irrecoverable balances. The group’s maximum credit risk is considered to be limited to its trade receivables (note 22). 
The company is not considered to have any exposure to credit risk from amounts due from subsidiaries. In light of covid-19 the group 
has considered credit risk in the expected credit loss model and has modified the loss rate to reflect an increased level of risk.

Liquidity and cash flow risk
The objective is to ensure that the group has sufficient financial resources to develop its existing business and exploit opportunities 
as they arise. The board manages liquidity risk by ensuring that the group’s debt profile is long-dated, facilities are committed and 
the group does not rely unduly on short-term borrowings. The group’s borrowings are dependent on certain financial covenants 
being met. If these were breached, funding could be withdrawn, leaving the group with insufficient working capital and if the group 
were unable to find other alternative sources of funding it may not be possible to continue trading in its current form. The group 
has considered the effects of its latest forecasts on its compliance with bank covenants, which are tested each quarter on a 12-month 
rolling basis. Due to the ongoing covid-19 disruption, the group has agreed with its lending banks and private placement lenders that 
the quarterly financial covenants have been replaced by monthly debt headroom covenants. This test will continue to occur at the end 
of each Young’s financial period through to and including March 2022. The board is vigilant in managing the business, assessing 
and monitoring acquisitions and investments, and forecasting the group’s profit and cash flows. The funding position of the group is 
continuously reviewed against the headroom in the group’s borrowing facilities (note 1).

(a) Derivative financial instruments: interest rate swaps

Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total financial liabilities

Fair value movement of interest rate swaps recognised in other comprehensive income

Group and company

2021
£m
(1.8)
(1.4)
(3.2)

2.5

2020 
£m
(2.4)
(3.3)
(5.7)

0.4

114 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

The group has a number of interest rate swaps that fix future interest cash flows on the variable interest rate bank loans. 
These instruments result in the group paying fixed interest rates on the notional amount for each swap’s life. The swaps are being 
used to hedge the exposure to changes in the group’s cash flows on its variable rate loans due to changes in LIBOR. The secured 
loans and the interest rate swaps have the same critical terms over their relevant period.

The duration of each swap and its respective interest rates once combined with the bank’s margin and other costs are detailed in part 
(b) of this note.

(b) Loans, borrowings, interest rates and fair values

Group and company

Effective 
interest 
rate when 
hedged

Variable 
interest 
rate when 
unhedged1

Term or 
expiry date

March 2023
May 2024
May 2024
May 2025
May 2025
July 2039

5.97%
4.52%
3.71%
3.30%
3.30%
Fixed
November 2021 Variable
March 2025 Variable

L+0.95%
L+3.10%
L+2.50%
L+3.10%
L+3.10%
Fixed
Fixed
L+2.75%

Period 
rate fixed

2 years
3 years
3 years
4 years
4 years
18 years
None
None

2021
Secured
£30 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£10 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£10 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£25 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£25 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£35 million private placement at fixed rate2
£20 million revolving credit facility
£100 million revolving credit facility

Unsecured
£30 million CCFF at fixed rate
Financial liabilities

Fair 
value 
2021 
£m

32.9
10.3
10.2
24.6
24.6
34.6
–
9.4
146.6

Book 
value 
2021 
£m

30.0
10.0
10.0
24.7
24.7
34.6
–
9.4
143.4

29.8
173.2

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1  For variable rate loans, the interest rate payable is either one-month or three-month LIBOR (L) plus the margin shown.

2  £35 million private placement has a fixed rate of interest at 3.3%.

As at 29 March 2021, the group had committed borrowing facilities of £285.0 million, of which £173.2 million was drawn down, net 
of arrangement fees of £1.6 million.

Current borrowings
Non-current borrowings
Financial liabilities
Unsecured current lease liabilities
Unsecured non-current lease liabilities
Financial liabilities

2020
Secured
£30 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£20 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£30 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£10 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£10 million loan swapped into fixed rate
£35 million private placement at fixed rate2
£100 million revolving credit facility

Term or 
expiry date

March 2021
March 2021
March 2023
May 2024
May 2024
July 2039
March 2025

Group and company

Effective 
interest 
rate

4.34%
2.23%
5.97%
2.77%
2.71%
Fixed
Variable

Variable 
interest 
rate when 
unhedged1

L+1.50%
L+1.50%
L+0.95%
L+1.35%
L+1.50%
Fixed
L+0.75%

Period 
rate fixed

1 year
1 year
3 years
4 years
4 years
19 years
None

1  For variable rate loans, the interest rate payable is either one-month or three-month LIBOR (L) plus the margin shown.

2  £35 million private placement has a fixed rate of interest at 3.3%.

Group
2021
£m
29.8
143.4
173.2
4.9
75.3
253.4

Fair 
value 
2020 
£m

30.7
20.1
34.1
10.3
10.3
34.6
64.8
204.9

Company 
2021
£m
29.8
143.4
173.2
4.1
69.1
246.4

Book 
value 
2020 
£m

30.0
20.0
30.0
9.9
9.9
34.6
64.8
199.2

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

115

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

25. Capital management and financial instruments continued

Current borrowings
Non-current borrowings
Financial liabilities
Unsecured current lease liabilities
Unsecured non-current lease liabilities
Financial liabilities

Group
2020
£m
50.0
149.2
199.2
5.3
77.0
281.5

Company 
2020
£m
50.0
149.2
199.2
5.0
59.6
263.8

The secured borrowings are secured on the freehold assets of the group (other than two pubs, broadly up to a value of £12.8 million, 
which provide security to the Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. Pension Scheme).

The fair values of borrowings and interest rate derivatives are estimates based on prevailing market rates of interest and expected 
future cash flows arising from those instruments. The group enters into interest rate derivatives with various banks; these 
counterparties each have investment grade credit ratings. Interest rate swaps are valued using Level 2 valuation techniques, which 
employ the use of market observable inputs. The valuation techniques include swap models using present value calculations. 
The models incorporate various inputs, including the credit quality of counterparties, discount factors and interest rate curves. As at 
29 March 2021, the marked-to-market value of other derivative asset positions is net of a credit valuation adjustment attributable 
to derivative counterparty default risk. The changes in counterparty credit risk had no material effect on the hedge effectiveness 
assessment for derivatives designated in hedge relationships.

Bank overdrafts
Bank overdrafts are used for day-to-day cash management. The group has a £10.0 million overdraft facility with interest linked to the 
Bank of England base rate. No amounts were drawn down at 29 March 2021. 

Bank loans
The group has a bilateral £10.0 million term loan with Barclays Bank plc and a bilateral £10.0 million term loan with HSBC Bank plc, 
both repayable on 23 May 2024.

The group also has a bilateral £30.0 million term loan with the Royal Bank of Scotland and a £50.0 million syndicated facility with the 
Royal Bank of Scotland and HSBC. The bilateral loan with the Royal Bank of Scotland is repayable on 28 March 2023. The syndicated 
loan is repayable on 19 May 2025 and has two one-year extension options, bringing the potential expiry to 19 May 2027. 
Interest rate swaps have been entered into in respect of these bank loans which result in the effective interest charge being fixed at the 
rates disclosed on the previous page.

In July 2019, the group completed on the addition of a private placement debt facility, raising £35.0 million at a fixed rate of 3.3% 
repayable in July 2039.

Revolving credit facility
The group has a £100.0 million revolving credit facility, split evenly with Barclays and HSBC, which matures in March 2025.

At the period end, £10.0 million (2020: £65.5 million) was drawn. Final repayment of the total drawn down balance is due as one 
payment on 20 March 2025. This is a committed facility which permits drawings of different amounts and for different periods. 
These drawings carry interest at a margin above LIBOR with a commitment payment on the undrawn portions. Interest is payable 
at each loan renewal date.

The group also has a £20.0 million revolving credit facility with Royal Bank of Scotland, which matures on 28 November 2021. 
To date this facility remains undrawn. The availability of these funds served to maintain the headroom available to the group during 
the ongoing period of uncertainty caused by covid-19.

Covid Corporate Financing Facility (‘CCFF’)
In May 2020 Young’s issued commercial paper with a nominal value of £30.0 million and a maturity date of 13 May 2021 under 
HM Treasury and the Bank of England’s CCFF.

116 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

(c) Maturity of the group’s financial liabilities and expiry of facilities
The below maturity tables include contractual gross undiscounted cash flows of the borrowings, related interest, net derivatives, finance 
leases, trade and other payables and contractual accruals.

2021
Borrowings
Derivative financial instruments
Lease liabilities (note 29)
Trade and other payables

2021
Borrowings
Derivative financial instruments
Lease liabilities (note 29)
Trade and other payables
Amounts due to subsidiaries

2020
Borrowings
Derivative financial instruments
Lease liabilities (note 29)
Trade and other payables

2020
Borrowings
Derivative financial instruments
Lease liabilities (note 29)
Trade and other payables
Amounts due to subsidiaries

Within 
one year 
£m
31.4
1.9
7.5
14.6
55.4

Within 
one year 
£m
31.4
1.9
6.2
14.7
11.6
65.8

Within 
one year 
£m
52.4
2.4
7.7
21.8
84.3

Within 
one year 
£m
52.4
2.4
6.1
21.8
10.5
93.2

Between 
one and  
two years 
£m
31.5
1.9
7.0
–
40.4

Between 
one and  
two years 
£m
31.5
1.9
5.7
–
–
39.1

Between 
one and  
two years 
£m
2.4
1.6
7.3
–
11.3

Between 
one and  
two years 
£m
2.4
1.6
5.7
–
–
9.7

Group

Between 
two and 
five years 
£m
83.8
0.5
19.6
–
103.9

Company

Between 
two and 
five years 
£m
83.8
0.5
15.5
–
–
99.8

Group

Between 
two and 
five years 
£m
121.4
1.8
19.7
–
142.9

Company

Between 
two and 
five years 
£m
121.4
1.8
18.0
–
–
141.2

After 
five years 
£m
51.5
–
80.8
–
132.3

After 
five years 
£m
51.5
–
79.4
–
–
130.9

After 
five years 
£m
50.0
–
97.9
–
147.9

After 
five years 
£m
50.0
–
64.9
–
–
114.9

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Total 
£m
198.2
4.3
114.9
14.6
332.0

Total 
£m
198.2
4.3
106.8
14.7
11.6
335.6

Total 
£m
226.2
5.8
132.6
21.8
386.4

Total 
£m
226.2
5.8
94.7
21.8
10.5
359.0

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

117

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

25. Capital management and financial instruments continued

(d) Fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value

Financial liabilities at fair value
Interest rate swaps

Financial liabilities at fair value
Interest rate swaps

Group and company

Fair value
2021
£m

3.2
3.2

Fair value
2020
£m

5.7
5.7

Level 1
2021
£m

–
–

Level 1
2020
£m

–
–

Level 2
2021
£m

3.2
3.2

Level 2
2020
£m

5.7
5.7

Level 3
2021
£m

–
–

Level 3
2020
£m

–
–

Level 1
Fair values measured using quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

Level 2 
Fair values measured using inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability either 
directly or indirectly.

Interest rate swaps are accounted for at their fair value, calculated using a discounted cash flow method. Actual and estimated cash 
flows are discounted by applying discount factors derived from observable market data and by considering the credit risk.

Level 3
Fair values measured using inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data.

(e) Financial assets and other financial liabilities 
Financial assets and other financial liabilities of the group and the company are not included in this note because their fair value 
approximates their carrying value.

(f) Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities

Bank loans
Lease liabilities
Total liabilities from financing activities

Bank loans
Lease liabilities
Total liabilities from financing activities

At 
30 March 2020 
£m
199.2
82.3
281.5

At 
30 March 2020 
£m
199.2
64.6
263.8

Group

Cash flow 
£m
(25.5)
(4.3)
(29.8)

Company

Cash flow 
£m
(25.5)
(3.8)
(29.3)

Additions 
£m
–
2.2
2.2

Additions 
£m
–
12.4
12.4

Other 
£m
(0.5)
–
(0.5)

Other 
£m
(0.5)
–
(0.5)

At 
29 March 2021 
£m
173.2
80.2
253.4

At 
29 March 2021 
£m
173.2
73.2
246.4

118 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Bank loans
Lease liabilities
Total liabilities from financing activities

Bank loans
Lease liabilities
Total liabilities from financing activities

26. Deferred tax
Deferred tax relates to the following:

Deferred tax assets
Interest rate swaps
Retirement benefit schemes
Decelerated capital allowances
Capital losses
Share based payments
Trade losses
Deferred tax assets

At 
2 April 2019 
£m
171.5
74.6
246.1

At 
2 April 2019 
£m
171.5
64.3
235.8

Group

Cash flow 
£m
28.0
(8.1)
19.9

Company

Cash flow 
£m
28.0
(7.3)
20.7

Additions 
£m
 –
15.8
15.8

Additions 
£m
–
7.6
7.6

Group

2021 
£m

0.6
1.2
4.8
0.7
0.3
1.0
8.6

2020 
£m

1.1
1.6
4.5
0.7
0.3
0.1
8.3

Other 
£m
(0.3)
 –
(0.3)

Other 
£m
(0.3)
–
(0.3)

At 
30 March 2020 
£m
199.2
82.3
281.5

At 
30 March 2020 
£m
199.2
64.6
263.8

Company
2021 
£m

0.6
1.2
4.8
0.7
0.3
1.0
8.6

2020 
£m

1.1
1.6
4.5
0.7
0.3
0.1
8.3

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Deferred tax liabilities
Rolled over gains on property revaluations

(73.6)

(69.9)

(73.4)

(65.7)

Net deferred tax liabilities

(65.0)

(61.6)

(64.8)

(57.4)

Reconciliation of net deferred tax liabilities:

Opening balance 
Tax credit/(charge) in the income statement
Tax charge in the statement of comprehensive income
Adjustment in respect of deferred tax of prior periods
Recognised on acquisition
Tax charge recognised directly in equity
Closing balance

Group

2021 
£m
(61.6)
1.6
(4.5)
(0.5)
–
–
(65.0)

2020 
£m
(53.2)
(1.2)
(3.1)
–
(4.0)
(0.1)
(61.6)

Company
2021 
£m
(57.4)
1.6
(4.5)
(0.5)
(4.0)
–
(64.8)

2020 
£m
(50.5)
(1.2)
(3.1)
–
(2.5)
(0.1)
(57.4)

During the year, it was identified that the historical calculation of the deferred tax liability relating to rolled over gains on property 
revaluations incorrectly calculated the initial recognition exemption on certain properties. Following a detailed review of all deferred 
tax calculations on the group’s properties, it was confirmed that this only affected certain properties that had been revalued upwards 
historically. The group considers that as the correcting adjustment has no impact on the group income statement in either period 
presented, that the impact on the group statement of comprehensive income, balance sheets, deferred tax liabilities and revaluation 
reserve in either period presented is not material and that the impact does not materially affect key performance indicators or 
remuneration, the adjustment has been recorded through the current period. The impact of this adjustment was to increase deferred 
tax liabilities and to decrease the revaluation reserve by £2.5 million at 29 March 2021, with the adjustment recorded as an expense 
in the statement of comprehensive income for the period ended 29 March 2021.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

119

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

26. Deferred tax continued
Movements in the deferred tax assets are shown below: 

Deferred tax assets
Balance as at 1 April 2019
(Charged)/credited to the income statement
(Charged)/credited to other comprehensive income
Charged directly to equity
Balance as at 30 March 2020
(Charged)/credited to the income statement
Credited to other comprehensive income
Balance as at 29 March 2021

Interest  
rate swap 
£m
1.1
–
–
–
1.1
–
(0.5)
0.6

Retirement 
benefit 
scheme 
£m
1.5
(0.6)
0.7
–
1.6
(0.2)
(0.2)
1.2

Decelerated 
capital 
allowances 
£m
3.3
1.2
–
–
4.5
0.3
–
4.8

Capital 
losses 
£m
0.6
0.1
–
–
0.7
–
–
0.7

Share based 
payments 
£m
0.7
(0.3)
–
(0.1)
0.3
–
–
0.3

Trade 
losses 
£m
0.2
(0.1)
–
–
0.1
0.9
–
1.0

Total 
£m
7.4
0.3
0.7
(0.1)
8.3
1.0
(0.7)
8.6

The deferred tax assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date are calculated at the substantively enacted rate of 19%. On 3 March 
2021, the Chancellor confirmed in his Budget statement that the UK rate of corporation tax will increase to 25% from 1 April 2023. 
Deferred tax has been calculated in the period ended 29 March 2021 at the current rate of 19%, the rate that was substantively 
enacted at the balance sheet date. The overall impact of the rate change on the net deferred tax liability, based on the deferred tax 
liability balance as at 29 March 2021, is expected to increase the deferred tax liability by £20.5 million.

The group has realised capital losses of £5.2 million (2020: £5.0 million), which are available indefinitely to offset against future 
capital gains. A deferred tax asset has not been recognised in respect of £1.5 million (2020: £1.5 million) of these losses because at 
present it is unclear whether suitable gains will arise in the foreseeable future to utilise them. The company has realised capital losses of 
£3.7 million (2020: £3.5 million). A deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of these losses in both the current and the prior 
period. The group’s tax losses can be carried forward for an unlimited period.

The group has unrealised capital losses of £8.5 million (2020: £12.4 million). No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of 
these losses (2020: £nil) because it is uncertain whether they will be utilised. 

In addition, the group has current year interest restrictions capable of reactivation in future periods of £5.1 million (2020: £nil). 
A deferred tax asset has been recognised on the basis that it is probable that profits will arise in future periods, enabling the interest 
deduction to be utilised in full.

27. Retirement benefit schemes
The company operates one defined benefit pension scheme, namely the Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. Pension Scheme, a defined 
contribution pension scheme and a post-retirement health care scheme. The defined benefit scheme is closed to new entrants.

The aggregate contribution to the defined contribution scheme was £1.6 million (2020: £1.6 million) which is recognised as an 
expense in the income statement.

Independent, professionally qualified actuarial advice is sought to determine the liabilities arising from the defined benefit scheme, 
using the projected unit credit method. The scheme is formally valued every three years. The obligations under the scheme consist 
mainly of a final salary scheme which provides members with benefits based on length of service and salary.

Through its defined benefit scheme and post-retirement health care scheme, the group is exposed to a number of risks. For details of 
the Principal risks and uncertainties, see page 26.

The employer contribution to the defined benefit scheme for the period ended 29 March 2021 was £1.4 million of which 
£1.2 million were special contributions (2020: £1.4 million of which £1.2 million were special contributions) plus premiums of 
£0.2 million (2020: £0.2 million) to the post-retirement health care scheme. The current arrangement as regards contribution rates 
specifies that annual special contributions of £1.2 million will be payable until October 2034.

Future employee contribution rates are projected to be between 8% and 11% of pensionable earnings. Future employer contribution 
rates are projected to be 18% of pensionable earnings. The total contributions to the defined benefit scheme in the 2022 financial 
period are expected to be £1.4 million which includes a special contribution of £1.2 million. The total contributions to the post-
retirement health care scheme in the 2022 financial period are expected to be £0.2 million. 

The defined benefit scheme is closed to new entrants. 

120 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Financial assumptions 

Discount rate
Inflation
Rate of increase in salaries
Discretionary pension increases
Rate of revaluation of deferred pensions
General medical expenses inflation

Mortality assumptions
The life expectancies underlying the valuation are as follows:

Current pensioners (at age 65) – males
Current pensioners (at age 65) – females
Future pensioners (at age 65) – males
Future pensioners (at age 65) – females

Pension

2021 
%
2.00
3.30
2.50
3.30
2.80
N/A

2020 
%
2.40
2.80
2.50
2.80
1.80
N/A

Health care
2021 
%
2.00
3.30
N/A
N/A
N/A
9.00

2021 
Years
21.9
24.3
23.2
25.7

2020 
%
2.40
2.80
N/A
N/A
N/A
9.00

2020 
Years
21.9
24.2
23.2
25.6

At the period end date, the average age of current pensioners was 74 years (2020: 73 years) and for future pensioners was 56 years 
(2020: 55 years).

The weighted average duration of liabilities for the current period was 18.0 years (2020: 17.0 years).

A one percentage point change in the assumed rate of increase in health care costs would have the following effects:

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Effect on the aggregate service cost and interest cost
Effect on the defined benefit obligation

Increase 
£m
–
0.4

Decrease 
£m
–
(0.4)

The sensitivities regarding the principal assumptions used to measure the schemes’ liabilities are set out below. The illustrations 
consider the single change shown with the other assumptions assumed to be unchanged. In practice, changes in one assumption may 
be accompanied by changes in another assumption. Changes in market values may also occur at the same time as the changes in 
assumptions and may or may not offset them.

Assumption
Discount rate
Rate of inflation
Rate of increase in salary
Discretionary pension increases
Rate of revaluation of deferred pensions
Life expectations

Pension scheme and health care scheme assets and liabilities

Equities
Diversified growth fund
Corporate bonds
Insured pensions
Other
Total fair value of assets
Present value of retirement benefit liabilities
Scheme deficit

Change in assumption

Impact on scheme liabilities
Increase/decrease by 0.5% Decrease/increase by 8.6%
Increase/decrease by 0.5% Increase/decrease by 7.1%
Increase/decrease by 0.5%
Increase/decrease by nil
Increase/decrease by 0.5% Increase/decrease by 4.3%
Increase/decrease by 0.5% Increase/decrease by 1.1%
Increase by 4.8%

Increase by 1 year

Group and company
Assets and liabilities

2021 
£m
41.3
20.8
63.5
7.9
(0.8)
132.7
(138.8)
(6.1)

2020 
£m
31.1
19.2
56.8
7.9
(1.1)
113.9
(122.1)
(8.2)

The pension scheme assets include some of the company’s A shares with a fair value of £4.9 million (2020: £3.6 million). There are 
no property assets of the scheme occupied by the company.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

121

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

27. Retirement benefit schemes continued
Of the above assets, £125.6 million (2020: £107.1 million) are quoted securities.

Movement in scheme deficits in the period

(a) Changes in the present value of the schemes are as follows:

Opening deficit
Current service cost
Contributions
Other finance charges
Remeasurement through other 
comprehensive income
Closing deficit

(b) Recognised in the income statement

Current service cost included in  
operating costs

Net interest expense

Group and company

Pension 
scheme 
£m
(4.6)
(0.2)
1.4
(0.1)

1.3
(2.2)

(0.2)

(0.1)

2021 
Health care 
scheme 
£m
(3.6)
–
0.2
(0.1)

(0.4)
(3.9)

–

(0.1)

Total 
£m
(8.2)
(0.2)
1.6
(0.2)

0.9
(6.1)

(0.2)

(0.2)

(c) Recognised in the statement of comprehensive income

Experience gains arising on the  
schemes' liabilities
Changes in demographic assumptions 
underlying the schemes' liabilities
Changes in financial assumptions 
underlying the schemes' liabilities
Remeasurement of obligations
Return on schemes' assets (less amounts 
included in the net interest expense)
Net remeasurement recognised

Group and company

Pension 
scheme 
£m

1.4

0.2

(19.3)
(17.7)

19.0
1.3

2021 
Health care 
scheme 
£m

(0.3)

–

(0.1)
(0.4)

–
(0.4)

Total 
£m

1.1

0.2

(19.4)
(18.1)

19.0
0.9

(d) Movements in the present value of schemes’ obligations during the period

Opening defined benefit obligations
Current service cost
Interest on obligations
Contributions by schemes' members
Remeasurement of obligations
Benefits paid
Present value of schemes' liabilities

Group and company

Pension 
scheme 
£m
(118.5)
(0.2)
(2.8)
(0.1)
(17.7)
4.4
(134.9)

2021 
Health care 
scheme 
£m
(3.6)
–
(0.1)
–
(0.4)
0.2
(3.9)

Total 
£m
(122.1)
(0.2)
(2.9)
(0.1)
(18.1)
4.6
(138.8)

Pension 
scheme 
£m
(5.1)
(0.3)
1.4
(0.1)

(0.5)
(4.6)

(0.3)

(0.1)

Pension 
scheme 
£m

3.3

(0.3)

6.5
9.5

(10.0)
(0.5)

Pension 
scheme 
£m
(129.2)
(0.3)
(3.2)
(0.1)
9.5
4.8
(118.5)

2020 
Health care 
scheme 
£m
(3.5)
–
0.2
(0.1)

(0.2)
(3.6)

–

(0.1)

2020 
Health care 
scheme 
£m

(0.2)

–

–
(0.2)

–
(0.2)

2020 
Health care 
scheme 
£m
(3.5)
–
(0.1)
–
(0.2)
0.2
(3.6)

Total 
£m
(8.6)
(0.3)
1.6
(0.2)

(0.7)
(8.2)

(0.3)

(0.2)

Total 
£m

3.1

(0.3)

6.5
9.3

(10.0)
(0.7)

Total 
£m
(132.7)
(0.3)
(3.3)
(0.1)
9.3
5.0
(122.1)

122 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

(e) Change in fair value of schemes’ assets

Opening fair value of schemes' assets
Interest on schemes' assets
Return on schemes' assets (less amounts 
included in the net interest expense)
Contributions by employer
Contributions by schemes' members
Benefits paid
Fair value of schemes' assets

28. Other non-current liabilities

At 2 April 2019
Released 
At 30 March 2020
Released
At 29 March 2021

29. Lease liabilities

Group and company

Pension 
scheme 
£m
113.9
2.7

19.0
1.4
0.1
(4.4)
132.7

2021 
Health care 
scheme 
£m
–
–

–
0.2
–
(0.2)
–

Total 
£m
113.9
2.7

19.0
1.6
0.1
(4.6)
132.7

Pension 
scheme 
£m
124.1
3.1

(10.0)
1.4
0.1
(4.8)
113.9

2020 
Health care 
scheme 
£m
–
–

–
0.2
–
(0.2)
–

Total 
£m
124.1
3.1

(10.0)
1.6
0.1
(5.0)
113.9

Deferred income
£m
0.3
(0.1)
0.2
(0.2)
–

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(a) Group as lessee
The group has lease contracts for various items of property, vehicles and other equipment used in its operations. Leases of property 
generally have lease terms between 20 and 999 years, while motor vehicles and other equipment generally have lease terms between 
three and five years. 

There are several lease contracts that include extension and termination options and variable lease payments, which are further 
discussed below.

The group also has certain leases of machinery with lease terms of 12 months or less and leases of office equipment with low value. 
The group applies the ‘short-term lease’ and ‘lease of low-value assets’ recognition exemptions for these leases.

Set out below are the carrying amounts of lease liabilities and the movements during the period:

At 2 April 2019
Additions
Business combinations
Lease amendments
Accretions of interest
Payments

Current
Non-current
As at 30 March 2020 
Additions
Lease amendments
Accretions of interest
Payments
As at 29 March 2021
Current
Non-current

Group 
£m
74.6
2.8
8.3
4.7
2.5
(10.6)
82.3
5.3
77.0
82.3
2.2
–
2.6
(6.9)
80.2
4.9
75.3

Company 
£m
64.3
2.9
–
4.7
2.1
(9.4)
64.6
5.0
59.6
64.6
12.2
0.2
2.3
(6.1)
73.2
4.1
69.1

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

123

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

29. Lease liabilities continued

Group cash flow benefits arising from rent concessions totalled £1.2 million in the period, including £0.5 million of rent deferrals. 
This also includes £0.7 million of rent holidays which have been offset against £0.7 million of rent amendments in the period.

Note 25(c) summarises the maturity profile of the group’s lease liability based on contractual undiscounted payments.

The following amounts have been recognised in the income statement:

Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets (note 19)
Interest expense on lease liabilities (note 12)
Expense relating to short-term leases and low-value assets
Variable lease payments 
Total amount recognised in the income statement

Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets (note 19)
Interest expense on lease liabilities (note 12)
Expense relating to short-term leases and low-value assets
Variable lease payments 
Total amount recognised in the income statement

Group
2021
£m
7.6
2.6
0.2
–
10.4

Group
2020
£m
7.5
2.5
–
0.4
10.4

Company
2021
£m
6.3
2.3
0.2
–
8.8

Company
2020
£m
6.3
2.1
–
0.3
8.7

During the current year the group had total cash outflows for leases of £7.1 million (2020: £11.0 million). The group also had  
non-cash additions to right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of £2.2 million (2020: £11.0 million).

The group has lease contracts for properties that contains variable payments based on turnover levels achieved. The following provides 
information on the group’s variable lease payments, including the magnitude in relation to fixed payments:

2021
Fixed rent
Variable rent with minimum payment
Variable rent only

2020
Fixed rent
Variable rent with minimum payment
Variable rent only

Fixed payments
£m
5.9
1.0
–
6.9

Fixed payments
£m
9.4
1.2
–
10.6

Group

Variable  

payments
£m
–
–
–
–

Group

Variable  

payments
£m
–
–
0.4
0.4

Total payments
£m
5.9
1.0
–
6.9

Fixed payments
£m
5.6
0.5
–
6.1

Total payments
£m
9.4
1.2
0.4
11.0

Fixed payments
£m
8.7
0.7
–
9.4

Company

Variable  

payments
£m
–
–
–
–

Total payments
£m
5.6
0.5
–
6.1

Company

Variable  

payments
£m
–
–
0.3
0.3

Total payments
£m
8.7
0.7
0.3
9.7

The group has several lease contracts that include termination options. These options are negotiated by management to provide 
flexibility in managing the leased-asset portfolio and align with the group’s business needs. 

Set out below are the undiscounted potential future rental payments relating to periods following the termination options that are not 
included in the lease term:

Termination options expected to be exercised

Within five years 
£m
2.0

More than  
five years 
£m
0.3

Total 
£m
2.3

124 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

(b) Group as lessor
During the period, the group received lease income from tenants within the Ram Pub Company operating segment which were 
designated as operating leases. £1.1 million has therefore been recognised in the income statement for the period ended 29 March 
2021 (2020: £3.3 million), of which £0.1 million relates to sublease income received (2020: £0.5 million). All lease income is fixed 
rent. Other revenue received within the Ram Pub Company operating segment was generated from sales of drink and accounted for 
under IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers.

In the period, the group offered a rent concession to the majority of the tenanted estate from 16 March 2020. It was communicated 
to the tenants that any rent concessions would be treated as variable rent payments, under which the variable element of rent is taken 
directly to the profit and loss statement in the period that it relates to.

For the period ended 29 March 2021 the rent concessions granted to tenants have resulted in foregone rental income of £2.0 million 
for the period. 

2021
Undiscounted lease income

2020
Undiscounted lease income

30. Share capital and reserves

Within one 
year
£m
2.3

One to two 
years
£m
1.4

Two to three 
years
£m
0.9

Three to four 
years
£m
0.7

Four to five 
years
£m
0.7

More than five 
years
£m
2.5

Within one 
year
£m
2.0

One to two 
years
£m
2.0

Two to three 
years
£m
1.2

Three to four 
years
£m
0.7

Four to five 
years
£m
0.7

More than five 
years
£m
3.5

Issued and fully paid shares – 12.5p each
Opening balance
Issued under employee share schemes
Issued in connection with the June 2020 equity issue
Closing balance

2021
Shares

2021
£000

2020
Shares

49,036,547
14,865
9,424,148
58,475,560

6,130  48,965,040
71,507
–
49,036,547

2
1,178
7,310

Total
£m
8.5

Total
£m
10.1

2020
£000

6,121
9
–
6,130

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Of the opening balance, 29,876,547 are A shares and 19,160,000 are non-voting shares (2020: 29,805,040 A shares, 19,160,000 
non-voting shares). Of the closing balance, 34,404,808 are A shares and 24,070,755 are non-voting shares (2020: 29,876,547 A 
shares, 19,160,000 non-voting shares).

For details of the shares issued in the current period under employee share schemes, see Share Awards (note 31).

The June 2020 equity issue comprised (a) the placing of 4,263,453 new A shares and 4,900,000 new non-voting shares (together, 
the “Placing Shares”), (b) the subscription of 236,547 new A shares pursuant to an offer made by the company, concurrent to the 
placing, for retail investors to subscribe for new A shares and (c) the subscription, in conjunction with the placing, of 13,393 new 
A shares and 10,755 new non-voting shares by certain of the company’s directors and/or persons closely associated with them. 
The new A shares were placed or issued at 1,160p per share and the new non-voting shares were placed or issued at 735p per 
share. The allotment and issue of the Placing Shares was effected by way of a placing of new A shares and new non-voting shares for 
non-cash consideration: J.P. Morgan Securities plc, which conducts its UK investment banking activities as J.P. Morgan Cazenove (“J.P. 
Morgan”), subscribed for ordinary shares and redeemable preference shares in Project Uppercase No. 1 Limited (“JerseyCo”), a Jersey 
incorporated wholly owned subsidiary of the company, for an amount approximately equal to the net proceeds of the placing, and the 
company allotted and issued the Placing Shares on a non-pre-emptive basis to placees in consideration for the transfer of the ordinary 
shares and redeemable preference shares in JerseyCo that were issued to J.P. Morgan.

A cash box structure was used in such a way that merger relief was available under Companies Act 2006, section 612, and thus no 
share premium was recorded. As the redemption of the cash box entity’s preference shares was in the form of cash, the transaction 
was treated as qualifying consideration and the premium is therefore considered to be a realised profit. Transaction costs incremental 
to the equity issue totalled £3.6 million and have been recorded directly in retained earnings, resulting in net realised profit recorded 
in retained earnings of £83.6 million. Including the nominal share capital of £1.2 million, total gross equity raised was £88.4 million.

The two classes of shares are equal in all respects except that the non-voting shares do not carry the right to receive notices of, or to 
attend, speak or vote at, general meetings.

Share premium account
The share premium account represents the excess of proceeds received over the nominal value of new shares issued.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

125

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

30. Share capital and reserves continued

Capital redemption reserve
The capital redemption reserve arose from the repurchase and subsequent cancellation of ordinary share capital. The balance 
represents the nominal amount of the share capital cancelled.

Hedging reserve
Hedging reserve adjustments arise from the movement in fair value of the group’s derivative instruments used as an effective hedge.

Revaluation reserve
The revaluation reserve represents unrealised gains generated on the property estate from annual property valuations. It arises from 
the surplus of fair value over the original cost, net of any associated deferred taxation.

Retained earnings
Retained earnings consists of cumulative historic realised gains and losses net of dividends paid. It also includes a non-distributable 
reserve of £16.4 million (2020: £17.1 million) arising on the transfer of assets from subsidiaries to the parent at consolidated book 
value, and a non-distributable reserve of £33.6 million (2020: £33.6 million) arising from the transfer of revaluation reserves relating 
to leasehold assets following the adoption of IFRS 16.

31. Share awards
The group operates two types of share-based payment arrangements: an executive director/senior management employee deferred 
annual bonus (“DAB”) scheme and a Save-As-You-Earn (“SAYE”) scheme. 

In addition, during the period, the group offered a special one-off retention and reward bonus in the form of shares. 

(a) DAB scheme
This scheme is designed to incentivise the executive directors and certain other senior management employees to deliver long-
term superior shareholder returns. For the directors, it is expected that half of any bonus will be settled in shares, with the other half 
being paid in cash except to the extent that the director elects to receive all or part of it in shares instead. For the non-director senior 
management employees, there is no expectation that any bonus will be settled in shares, but the individual may elect to take up to half 
in this way. For every share taken in place of cash by a director or other senior management employee, the individual can subscribe 
at nominal value for one ‘matching’ share. The company retains the right to determine, at its sole and absolute discretion, the form in 
which any bonus is provided (i.e. by issue or transfer of shares and/or payment of cash); this is notwithstanding any election that an 
individual may make. So, if the company decides to pay a bonus entirely in cash, no ‘matching’ shares are receivable. The individuals 
are not generally free to sell any of the shares received before the end of a restricted period which ordinarily will end three years after 
the shares are received; special rules apply if an individual’s employment terminates earlier by reason of death, retirement, illness, 
disability or redundancy. The ‘matching’ shares are subject to satisfaction of a further condition relating to the extent to which the 
group’s adjusted earnings per ordinary share grow over a particular period; in relation to this, the remuneration committee (in respect 
of the directors) and the executive committee (in respect of the other senior management employees) may adjust the group’s adjusted 
earnings per ordinary share outcome. In certain circumstances, the shares received have to be transferred to the company or to an 
employee benefit trust designated by the company at a pre-agreed price or, in the case of ‘matching’ shares, for no consideration. 
The number of shares to be received by an individual in order to fulfil their entitlement is based on the market price of the company’s 
A shares as shown in the online version of the Financial Times published on the date on which the shares are allotted (in the case of 
shares to be issued) or on the date of transfer set out in the relevant transfer form (in the case of shares to be transferred).

126 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

The following table summarises, at 30 March 2020 and at 29 March 2021, the outstanding entitlements to A shares under the 
DAB scheme of the directors and those other senior management employees who served during the period ended 29 March 2021. 
Neither Mike Owen nor Simon Dodd had any outstanding entitlement to A shares under the DAB scheme at 30 March 2020 or at 
29 March 2021. All shares listed in the table are registered in the relevant individual’s name and, save as explained above, are fully 
vested. No A shares were awarded during the period, and the weighted fair value of the A shares awarded during the prior period 
was 1,765 pence per share. During the prior period, the ‘matching’ shares were issued on the same date as the ‘non-matching’ shares 
which had a market value of 1,765 pence per share.

Patrick Dardis

Torquil Sligo–Young

Tracy Dodd

Senior management
employees

Date  

of award
June 2017
June 2017
June 2018
June 2018
June 2019
June 2019
June 2017
June 2017
June 2018
June 2018
June 2019
June 2019
June 2017
June 2018
June 2018
June 2019
June 2019
June 2017
June 2017
June 2018
June 2018
June 2019
June 2019

Matching 
shares 
(Y/N)

At 
30 March 
2020
N 17,671
Y
8,835
N 14,179
Y
7,089
N 21,671
10,835
Y
7,045
N
3,522
Y
6,929
N
3,464
Y
6,371
N
3,185
Y
2,579
N
4,329
N
393
Y
4,682
N
780
Y
4,609
N
6,936
Y
4,315
N
6,807
Y
5,982
N
5,982
Y

Awarded 
during 
the period
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Restrictions 
ceased to 
apply during 
the period
(17,671)
(2,650)
–
–
–
–
(7,045)
(1,056)
–
–
–
–
(2,579)
–
–
–
–
(4,609)
(2,079)
(2,114)
–
(1,557)
–

Transferred 
during
period1
–
(6,185)
–
–
–
–
–
(2,466)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
(4,857)
–
–
(839)
(839)

At 
29 March 
2021
–
–
14,719
7,089
21,671
10,835
–
–
6,929
3,464
6,371
3,185
–
4,329
393
4,682
780
–
–
2,201
6,807
3,586
5,143

Issue 
price 
(pence
per share)2
1,332.0
12.5
1,705.0
12.5
1,765.0
12.5
1,332.0
12.5
1,705.0
12.5
1,765.0
12.5
1,332.0
1,705.0
12.5
1,765.0
12.5
1,332.0
12.5
1,705.0
12.5
1,765.0
12.5

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1   These shares were transferred to the Ram Brewery Trust II, an employee benefit trust designated by the company. The transfers were for no consideration, apart from the 839 A shares with an issue 
price of 1,765 pence per share which were transferred at 812 pence per share, being the price for an A share as shown in the online version of the Financial Times published on the day of the 
transfer, 31 October 2020.

2   For ‘matching’ shares, the price shown is the nominal value.

The group’s adjusted earnings per share measurement growth periods for the 2018 and 2019 awards are the group’s four-year 
financial periods ending in 2021 and 2022 respectively. The related performance conditions set a range for the growth target; they 
are not disclosed due to commercial sensitivity. Due to the impact of the coronavirus pandemic, it has been determined that the 
condition was met as to 0% for the 2018 awards. It is anticipated that the condition for the 2019 awards will be met only as to 15%, 
likewise due to the impact of covid-19.

A charge of £nil (2020: £nil) was made to the group and company income statements in respect of the outstanding 37,696 
’matching’ shares at 29 March 2021 (2020: 57,828).

(b) SAYE scheme
This scheme enables eligible directors and employees to acquire options over the company’s A shares. The options can be granted at 
a discount of up to 20% of the market price of an A share at the time invitations to join the scheme for the relevant year are issued, 
with the proceeds of a related SAYE savings contract then being used to acquire shares at a later date if the option holders choose 
to do so. All employees who have worked for the minimum qualifying period on an invitation date are eligible to join the scheme. 
Options granted under the scheme are not subject to performance conditions other than continued employment. These options are all 
equity-settled.

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

127

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

31. Share awards continued
In the current period, no options over A shares (2020: 68,511 A shares) were granted under the scheme (as explained in the 
Employee engagement section of the directors’ report on page 69). The options granted in the prior period had an exercise price of 
1,412 pence per share.

Options over 140,031 A shares were outstanding at the beginning of the period. During the period, options over 65,062 A shares 
lapsed, and options over 16,383 A shares were exercised at 1,066 pence per share. The weighted average share price of options 
exercised during the period was 1,379 pence (2020: 1,621 pence). The options that were exercised (and in respect of which new 
shares were issued) resulted in an increase in share capital of £1,858.125 (2020: £1,502.375) and an increase in share premium of 
£156,602.775 (2020: £114,360.785). A credit of £0.1 million (2020: a charge of £0.1 million), valued using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model, was made to the group and company income statements in respect of these options in the period. The cumulative fair 
value of the share options outstanding at 29 March 2021 was £0.1 million (2020: £0.2 million). Options over 58,586 A shares were 
outstanding at the end of the period. 

Valuation assumptions
Assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model to determine the fair value of share options at grant date for the period ending 
29 March 2021 and 30 March 2020 were as follows:

Share price at grant date (pence)
Exercise price (pence)
Expected volatility (%)
Option life (years)
Expected dividends (expressed as dividend yield %)
Risk-free interest rate (%)
Probability of forfeiture (%)

During the current period SAYE scheme was not introduced. 

Group and company

2019 plan
1,765.0
1,412.0
24.9
3
0.9
0.3
18.3

2018 plan
1,705.0
1,364.0
21.0
3
1.3
0.7
17.2

2017 plan
1,332.0
1,066.0
8.5
3
1.3
2.4
33.7

Volatility is based on the standard deviation of an A share of Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. over the three years prior to the 
grant date, adjusted for management’s view of future volatility of share price. The assumed volatility may not necessarily be the 
actual outcome. 

(c) Reward and retention bonus
In recognition of the vital role that a select group of individuals (all below board level) played during the covid-19 crisis following 
the initial closure of the group’s pubs in March 2020 and in the lead-up to the pubs reopening in July, the company offered 
those individuals the opportunity to receive a special one-off retention and reward bonus. The terms of the offer were such that 
the net bonus amount would be used to purchase shares in the company on their behalf; no cash only alternative was available. 
Everyone accepted the offer; this resulted in 13,542 A shares being acquired from the Ram Brewery Trust II at 1,300p per share at a 
cost of £0.2 million (which was the mid-market closing price of an A share on 31 December 2020, being the last dealing day before 
the shares were purchased). All the shares are subject to restrictions which ordinarily mean that the individuals who received them 
cannot sell them before 18 December 2021. Further, if the individual ‘leaves’ the company before that date other than in limited 
‘good leaver’ circumstances, he or she will have to transfer the shares back to the trust for £nil.

32. Related party transactions

Directors
Directors’ emoluments and retirement benefits are disclosed in notes 8(b) and (c). Directors’ interests in the company’s share capital 
are disclosed or referred to on page 68 and in notes 8(e) and 31. No other transactions requiring disclosure have been entered into 
with the directors.

Pension scheme and other trust
The Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. Pension Scheme provides pensions and other benefits to employees of the group and certain 
other individuals. It is managed by a corporate trustee, Young’s Pension Trustees Limited. Torquil Sligo-Young, a non-executive 
director of the company, and two other individuals, neither of whom is a director of the company, are the directors of the pension 
trustee company. At 29 March 2021, the scheme held 337,067 A shares (2020: 337,067), being 0.98% of the class. In March 2018, 
the company granted a charge over two of its pubs as security for its obligation to make payments to the scheme: the company felt 
it was appropriate to agree to this so as to demonstrate its commitment to the scheme and to provide the pension trustee company 
with greater comfort as to the security of the scheme. The charge was based on a standard form document issued by the Pension 
Protection Fund.

128 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

 
 
i

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The Ram Brewery Trust II holds assets for the benefit of employees and former employees. It is managed by a corporate trustee, RBT 
II Trustees Limited. Two individuals, neither of whom is a director of the company, are the directors of the employee benefit trustee 
company. At 29 March 2021, the trust held 7,652 A shares (2020: 7,526), being 0.02% of the class. 

During the period:

•  nil A shares (2020: 3,060) were transferred from the trust in connection with the company’s profit sharing scheme (note 8(d));

•  1,518 A shares (2020: 28,127) were transferred from the trust in connection with the company’s savings-related share option 

scheme (note 8(e)); 

•  13,542 A shares (2020: nil) were transferred from the trust in connection with the special one-off retention and reward bonus 

referred to in the directors’ report on pages 69 and 70; and

•  15,186 A shares (2020: 8,973) were transferred to the trust in connection with the company’s deferred annual bonus scheme 

(note 31(a)). 

Neither the pension trustee company nor the employee benefit trustee company is a related party of the company for the purposes of 
the AIM Rules for Companies. 

Key management
The group considers key management personnel to be solely the directors of the company as they are the only ones with authority 
and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the group. The compensation provided to the directors is 
detailed in note 8; in addition, the group made employers’ national insurance contributions of £0.2 million (2020: £0.3 million) and 
incurred a share based payment charge of £nil (2020: £nil).

33. Net cash generated from operations and analysis of net debt

(Loss)/profit before tax on continuing operations
Net finance cost
Finance charge for pension obligations
Operating (loss)/profit on continuing operations
Depreciation of property and equipment
Depreciation of right-of-use assets
Movement on revaluation of properties
Net loss on disposal of property
Difference between pension service cost and cash contributions paid
Business transfer from subsidiary to parent
Movement in other provisions
Share based payments

Movements in working capital
  – Inventories
  – Receivables
  – Payables
Net cash generated from operations

Analysis of net debt

Cash
Current borrowings and loan capital
Current lease liability
Non-current borrowings and loan capital 
Non-current lease liability
Net debt

Group

2021
£m
(45.2)
9.9
0.2
(35.1)
26.1
7.6
(1.8)
0.5
(1.4)
–
–
(0.1)

0.7
(1.2)
(18.3)
(23.0)

Group

2021 
£m
4.7
(29.8)
(4.9)
(143.4)
(75.3)
(248.7)

2020 
£m
29.1
8.6
0.2
37.9
25.6
7.5
5.3
0.6
(1.3)
–
–
0.1

0.5
(1.8)
(1.9)
72.5

2020 
£m
1.1
(50.0)
(5.3)
(149.2)
(77.0)
(280.4)

Company
2021
£m
(45.1)
9.5
0.2
(35.4)
25.9
6.3
(1.8)
0.5
(1.4)
–
–
(0.1)

0.6
(1.5)
(17.0)
(23.9)

2020 
£m
28.0
8.4
0.2
36.6
24.9
6.3
5.3
0.3
(1.3)
0.8
0.6
0.1

0.4
(1.2)
(1.7)
71.1

Company
2021 
£m
4.7
(29.8)
(4.1)
(143.4)
(69.1)
(241.7)

2020 
£m
1.1
(50.0)
(5.0)
(149.2)
(59.6)
(262.7)

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129

 
Financial Statements

Notes to the financial statements continued
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2021

34. Post balance sheet events
There were no post balance sheet events except the acquisition of the Greenwich Union and the sale of the Grove House 
(Camberwell) which was classified as asset held for sale at 29 March 2021.

35. Contingent liabilities
There were no contingent liabilities at the current or prior period balance sheet date.

Five-year review

Revenue
Adjusted operating (loss)/profit
Adjusting items
Net finance costs and other finance charges
(Loss)/profit before tax
Taxation credit/(charge)
(Loss)/profit for the period from continuing operations
Adjusted (loss)/profit before tax

Net assets employed
Non-current assets
Current assets and assets held for sale
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Financed by
Share capital
Reserves

2021
52 weeks
£m
90.6
(34.0)
(1.1)
(10.1)
(45.2)
6.9
(38.3)
(44.1)

972.8
24.7
(52.3)
(299.8)
645.4

7.3
638.1
645.4

2020
52 weeks
£m
311.6
46.5
(8.6)
(8.8)
29.1
(9.8)
19.3
37.7

975.3
14.3
(91.0)
(307.8)
590.8

6.1
584.7
590.8

2019
52 weeks
£m
303.7
48.5
(3.9)
(5.1)
39.5
(8.0)
31.5
43.4

860.8
21.2
(51.2)
(237.5)
593.3

6.1
587.2
593.3

2018
52 weeks
£m
279.3
46.9
(3.4)
(5.9)
37.6
(7.5)
30.1
41.0

782.6
18.0
(47.1)
(204.3)
549.2

6.1
543.1
549.2

2017 
53 weeks
£m
268.9
46.1
(3.4)
(5.7)
37.0
(7.0)
30.0
40.4

724.0
18.5
(71.4)
(178.1)
493.0

6.1
486.9
493.0

Purchase of fixed assets, lease premiums
and business combinations

19.1

62.4

67.0

53.0

38.3

Net debt

(248.7)

(280.4)

(163.6)

(140.5)

(126.6)

Per 12.5p ordinary share
Adjusted basic (loss)/earnings from continuing operations
Basic (loss)/earnings from continuing operations
Dividends – paid in period
Gearing
Average number of employees

Pence

Pence

Pence

Pence

Pence

(66.63)
(68.23)
–
38.5%
4,714

60.18
39.37
21.38
47.5%
4,763

72.13
64.36
20.17
27.6%
4,735

67.74
61.60
19.03
25.6%
4,116

66.43
61.51
17.95
25.7%
3,924

130 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Notice of meeting

If you hold any A shares, this notice is important and requires your immediate attention. If you are in any doubt as to the 
action you should take, you should immediately consult your stockbroker, solicitor, accountant or other duly authorised 
professional adviser.

If you have sold or otherwise transferred all your shares, please pass this annual report and any accompanying documents (except 
any personalised proxy form, if applicable) to the purchaser or transferee, or to the person through whom the sale or transfer was 
arranged, so they can pass it or them to the person who now holds the shares. 

If you hold any A shares, you should have received a proxy form for use in respect of the meeting. Guidance notes on how to 
complete it, and on other matters, are given on the form itself and in the notes to this notice. In view of the uncertainty around 
whether shareholders will be able to attend the meeting in person, and because tighter Government restrictions may be 
introduced due to a change in the covid-19 pandemic situation, you are encouraged to complete and return your proxy form 
appointing the chair of the meeting as your proxy. This will ensure that your vote will be counted even if you (or any other 
proxy you might otherwise appoint) are unable to attend the meeting. Completed forms must be received by Computershare 
Investor Services PLC by 11.30am on Sunday, 18 July 2021. Appointing a proxy does not stop you from attending the meeting, 
should this be permitted under applicable covid-19 restrictions in place at the time of the meeting, and voting). An attendance card 
is attached to the proxy form; please bring this with you to the meeting, should attendance in person be permitted under applicable 
covid-19 restrictions.

If you do not hold any A shares, this notice is for information purposes only.

Notice is hereby given that the 132nd annual general meeting of Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. (the “Company”) will be held in 
the Civic Suite in Wandsworth Town Hall, Wandsworth High Street, Wandsworth, London SW18 2PU on Tuesday, 20 July 2021 
at 11.30am. Resolutions 1 to 9 will be proposed as ordinary resolutions, and resolutions 10 and 11 will be proposed as special 
resolutions. All A shareholders are asked to vote on these resolutions in advance of the AGM by filling in the accompanying 
proxy form. 

The directors consider that all the resolutions to be put to the meeting are in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders 
as a whole and unanimously recommend that all A shareholders vote in favour of them as they intend to do in respect of their 
beneficial holdings.

Annual accounts and reports

Re-appointment of directors

1.   To receive the Company’s annual accounts for the financial 
year ended 29 March 2021, together with the strategic 
report, directors’ report and the auditor’s report on those 
accounts and reports.

Auditor appointment

2.   To resolve that Ernst & Young LLP be, and is hereby,  

re-appointed as the Company’s auditor to hold office until 
the conclusion of the next general meeting of the Company 
at which the Company’s annual accounts and reports are laid 
in accordance with section 437 of the Companies Act 2006.

Auditor remuneration

3.   To resolve that the directors be, and are hereby, authorised 
to determine the remuneration of the Company’s auditor.

4.   To resolve that Roger Lambert be, and is hereby,  

re-appointed as a director.

5.   To resolve that Ian McHoul be, and is hereby, re-appointed 

as a director.

6.   To resolve that Torquil Sligo-Young be, and is hereby,  

re-appointed as a director.

Political donations and expenditure

7.   To resolve that the Company and all companies that are 

subsidiaries of the Company at any time during the period 
for which this resolution has effect be, and are hereby, 
authorised to:

(a) 

 make political donations to political parties, not 
exceeding £50,000 in total;

(b)   make political donations to political organisations 

other than political parties, not exceeding £50,000 
in total; and

(c) 

 incur political expenditure, not exceeding £50,000 
in total;

 in each case at any time during the period starting with the 
date this resolution is passed and ending at the end of next 
year’s annual general meeting (or, if earlier, at 11.59pm on 

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Disapplication of pre-emption rights

10.  To resolve that, if resolution 9 is passed, the directors be, and 
are hereby, given power to allot equity securities (as defined 
in the Companies Act 2006) for cash under the authority 
given by that resolution and/or to sell shares held by the 
Company as treasury shares for cash as if section 561 of the 
Companies Act 2006 did not apply to any such allotment or 
sale, such power to be limited:

(a) 

 to the allotment of equity securities and sale of treasury 
shares in connection with an offer of, or invitation 
to apply for, equity securities (but in the case of the 
authority granted under paragraph (b) of resolution 9, 
by way of a rights issue only):

(i)   to ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly as 
may be practicable) to their existing holdings; and

(ii)   to holders of other equity securities, as required 

by the rights of those securities, or as the directors 
otherwise consider necessary,

 and so that the directors may impose any limits or 
restrictions and make any arrangements which they 
consider necessary or appropriate to deal with treasury 
shares, fractional entitlements, record dates, legal, 
regulatory or practical problems in, or under the laws of, 
any territory or any other matter; and

(b)    in the case of the authority granted under paragraph (a) 
of resolution 9 and/or in the case of any sale of treasury 
shares, to the allotment of equity securities or sale of 
treasury shares (otherwise than under paragraph (a) 
above) up to a nominal amount of £365,472, 

 such power to apply until the end of next year’s annual 
general meeting (or, if earlier, until 11.59pm on 
30 September 2022) but, in each case, during this period 
the Company may make offers and enter into agreements 
which would, or might, require equity securities to be allotted 
(and treasury shares to be sold) after the power ends and the 
directors may allot equity securities (and sell treasury shares) 
under any such offer or agreement as if the power had 
not ended.

Shareholder Information

Notice of meeting continued

30 September 2022) but the aggregate amount of political 
donations and political expenditure that may be made and 
incurred by the Company and its subsidiaries pursuant to 
this authority must not exceed £50,000.

 Note: for the purposes of this resolution, “political donation” has 
the meaning given in section 364 of the Companies Act 2006, 
“political expenditure” has the meaning given in section 365 of 
the Companies Act 2006, and reference to a “political party” 
or to a “political organisation” is to a party or to an organisation 
to which Part 14 of the Companies Act 2006 applies.

Increased limit on the amount payable in 
respect of directors’ fees

8.   That, for the purposes of article 52(A) of the Company’s 

articles of association, a higher sum of £375,000 be, and is 
hereby, decided.

Directors’ authority to allot shares etc.

9.   To resolve that the directors be, and are hereby, generally 
and unconditionally authorised to allot shares in the 
Company and to grant rights to subscribe for or convert any 
security into shares in the Company:

(a) 

 up to a nominal amount of £2,436,485 (such amount 
to be reduced by any allotments or grants made under 
paragraph (b) below in excess of such sum); and

(b)   comprising equity securities (as defined in section 

560(1) of the Companies Act 2006) up to a nominal 
amount of £4,872,970 (such amount to be reduced 
by any allotments or grants made under paragraph 
(a) above) in connection with an offer by way of a 
rights issue:

(i)   to ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly as 
may be practicable) to their existing holdings; and

(ii)   to holders of other equity securities as required 

by the rights of those securities or as the directors 
otherwise consider necessary,

 and so that the directors may impose any limits or 
restrictions and make any arrangements which they 
consider necessary or appropriate to deal with treasury 
shares, fractional entitlements, record dates, legal, 
regulatory or practical problems in, or under the laws of, 
any territory or any other matter, 

 such authority to apply until the end of next year’s 
annual general meeting (or, if earlier, until 11.59pm on 
30 September 2022) but, in each case, during this period 
the Company may make offers and enter into agreements 
which would, or might, require shares to be allotted or 
rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares to be 
granted after the authority ends and the directors may allot 
shares or grant rights to subscribe for or convert securities 
into shares under any such offer or agreement as if the 
authority had not ended.

132 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Authority to purchase own shares

Notes

11.  To resolve that the Company be, and is hereby, authorised 
for the purposes of section 701 of the Companies Act 
2006 to make one or more market purchases (as defined in 
section 693(4) of the Companies Act 2006) of its shares of 
12.5p each, provided that:

(a) 

 the maximum number of shares hereby authorised to 
be purchased (which may be all A shares, all Non-
Voting shares or a mix) is 5,847,564;

(b)   the minimum price, exclusive of expenses, which may 

be paid for a share is 12.5p; and

(c)    the maximum price, exclusive of expenses, which may 

be paid for a share is the highest of:

Covid-19: intention to attend and attendance

If you wish to attend the meeting (should this be possible 
in light of covid-19 restrictions in place at the time of 
the meeting), please register your attendance as soon as 
practicable by completing your proxy form in the usual 
manner, and entering a tick in the ‘Intention to Attend’ box, 
which is located below the resolutions on the second page 
of the proxy form. Please note that rules around capacity at 
the meeting venue and changes in public health guidance 
and legislation issued by the UK Government may mean that 
you will not be able attend the meeting. The following notes 
should be read in this context.

(i)   an amount equal to 5% above the average of the 

middle market quotations for a share of that class as 
derived from the AIM appendix to the Daily Official 
List of the London Stock Exchange for the five 
business days immediately preceding the day on 
which that share is contracted to be purchased; and

(ii)   the higher of the price of the last independent trade 
and the highest current independent bid on the 
trading venues where the purchase is carried out at 
the relevant time,

 such authority to apply until the end of next year’s 
annual general meeting (or, if earlier, until 11.59pm on 
30 September 2022) but during this period the Company 
may enter into a contract to purchase shares which would, 
or might, be completed or executed wholly or partly 
after the authority ends and the Company may purchase 
shares pursuant to any such contract as if the authority had 
not ended. 

By order of the board 

Anthony Schroeder
Joint Company Secretary

19 May 2021

Registered office:  
Riverside House  
26 Osiers Road  
Wandsworth  
London  
SW18 1NH

Registered in England and Wales No. 32762

Covid-19: safety constraints and Government 
guidelines

The health and safety of shareholders, employees and other 
stakeholders remains the Company’s primary concern, and 
at time of preparing this document, covid-19 restrictions 
issued by the UK Government remain in place. As such, 
indoor events of up to 1,000 people or half a venue’s capacity 
(if lower) are allowed to take place. Currently this means, 
amongst other things, that A shareholders will not be able to 
mix beyond what is permitted by social contact restrictions, 
namely the rule of six or two households. The Company 
will also put in place further arrangements to seek to ensure 
that the meeting is safe. In light of this, attendance by guests 
(other than carers accompanying a shareholder) will not be 
permitted.  In the absence of a full relaxation of covid-19 
restrictions and social distancing rules, the Company’s 
directors will not be mingling before or after the meeting, and 
no refreshments will be provided before or after the meeting. 
You will also need to observe any rules on social distancing 
that are in place at the time of the meeting, be prepared to 
wear a face covering (unless exempt from that requirement), 
have your temperature checked, and confirm on arrival 
that you have not recently developed symptoms or been 
exposed to someone who has tested positive or is displaying 
covid-19 symptoms.

Covid-19: updates on meeting arrangements

Given the constantly evolving nature of the covid-19 
situation, it may be necessary to adapt the meeting 
arrangements to respond to changes in circumstances. 
You should therefore continue to monitor the Company’s 
website at www.youngs.co.uk/investors as well as the 
Company’s stock exchange announcements for any updates 
to the arrangements.

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Shareholder Information

Notice of meeting continued

Entitlement to attend, speak and vote at 
the meeting

To be entitled to attend, speak and vote at the meeting (and 
for the purpose of determining the number of votes you may 
cast), your name must be entered in that part of the register of 
members relating to holders of A shares at 7am on Monday, 
19 July 2021 (or, in the event of any adjournment, at 7am on 
the day before the day of the adjourned meeting). 

What you need to bring

If you come to the meeting, please bring with you the 
attendance card attached to the proxy form. 

Appointment of proxies

If you hold any A shares, you may appoint a proxy to exercise 
all or any of your rights to attend and to speak and vote on 
your behalf at the meeting. You can do this by completing 
the proxy form which came with this document. If you did not 
receive a proxy form and believe that you should have one, or 
if you require additional forms, please contact the Company 
or its registrar. To be valid, your proxy form must be received 
by the Company’s registrar no later than 11.30am on Sunday, 
18 July 2021. 

Who to appoint as a proxy

A proxy does not have to be a member of the Company but 
must attend the meeting in order for you to be represented 
and for your vote to be counted. Your proxy could be the 
chair of the meeting, a director of the Company or another 
person who has agreed to attend the meeting to represent you. 
If you appoint a proxy, you may still attend the meeting and 
vote in person, but in that case your proxy appointment will 
automatically terminate. Given the uncertainty around whether 
shareholders will be able to attend the meeting due to safety 
related capacity constraints at the meeting venue or due to 
a change in the covid-19 pandemic situation, the Company 
strongly encourages all shareholders to appoint the chair 
of the meeting as their proxy rather than a named person. 
This will ensure that your vote is counted even if attendance 
at the meeting is restricted or you or any other proxy you 
might appoint are unable to attend in person.

134 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Multiple proxies

You may appoint more than one proxy in relation to the 
meeting provided each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights 
attached to a different A share or different A shares held by you. 
A space has been included in the proxy form to allow you to 
specify the number of A shares in respect of which that proxy 
is appointed. If you return the proxy form duly executed but 
leave this space blank, you will be deemed to have appointed the 
proxy in respect of all of your holding of A shares. If you wish to 
appoint more than one proxy in respect of your A shares, you 
should contact the Company or its registrar for further proxy 
forms or photocopy the form as required; you should also read 
the notes on the proxy form relating to the appointment of 
multiple proxies. 

The following principles apply in relation to the appointment of 
multiple proxies:

(a)   The Company will give effect to your intentions and include 

votes wherever and to the fullest extent possible.

(b)   Where a proxy does not state the number of A shares 
to which it applies (a “blank proxy”) then, subject to 
the following principles where more than one proxy is 
appointed, that proxy is deemed to have been appointed in 
relation to the total number of A shares registered in your 
name (“your entire holding”). If there is a conflict between 
a blank proxy and a proxy which does state the number of 
A shares to which it applies (a “specific proxy”), the specific 
proxy will be counted first, regardless of the time it was sent 
or received (on the basis that as far as possible the conflicting 
forms of proxy should be judged to be in respect of different 
A shares) and remaining A shares will be apportioned to the 
blank proxy (pro rata if there is more than one).

(c)   Where there is more than one proxy appointed and the 
total number of A shares in respect of which proxies are 
appointed is no greater than your entire holding, it is 
assumed that proxies are appointed in relation to different A 
shares, rather than that conflicting appointments have been 
made in relation to the same A shares; that is, there is only 
assumed to be a conflict where the aggregate number of 
A shares in respect of which proxies have been appointed 
exceeds your entire holding.

(d)   When considering conflicting proxies, later proxies will 

prevail over earlier proxies, and which proxy is later will be 
determined on the basis of which proxy is last sent (or, if 
the Company is unable to determine which is last sent, last 
received). Proxies in the same envelope will be treated as 
sent and received at the same time to minimise the number 
of conflicting proxies.

(e)   If conflicting proxies are sent or received at the same time 
in respect of (or deemed to be in respect of) your entire 
holding, none of them will be treated as valid.

(f)   Where the aggregate number of A shares in respect of 

which proxies are appointed exceeds your entire holding 
and it is not possible to determine the order in which they 
were sent or received (or they were all sent or received at the 
same time), the Company’s registrar or the Company will 
take steps to try to clarify the situation with you should time 
permit. If this is not possible, none of your proxies will be 
treated as valid.

(g)   If you appoint a proxy or proxies and then decide to attend 
the meeting in person and vote in person, then the vote in 
person will override any proxy vote. If the vote in person 
is on a poll and is in respect of your entire holding then all 
proxy votes will be disregarded. If, however, you vote at the 
meeting on a poll in respect of less than your entire holding, 
then if you indicate on your poll card that all proxies are 
to be disregarded, that shall be the case; but if you do not 
specifically revoke proxies, then the vote in person will be 
treated in the same way as if it were the last received proxy 
and earlier proxies will only be disregarded to the extent that 
to count them would result in the number of votes being 
cast exceeding your entire holding. 

(h)   In relation to paragraph (g), if you do not specifically revoke 

proxies, it will not be possible for the Company to determine 
your intentions in this regard. However, in light of the aim to 
include votes wherever and to the fullest extent possible, it 
will be assumed that earlier proxies should continue to apply 
to the fullest extent possible.

Multiple corporate representatives

If you are a corporation, you may appoint one or more corporate 
representatives who may exercise on your behalf all your powers 
as a member provided they do not do so in relation to the same 
A shares.

Name and address of the Company’s registrar

The Company’s registrar is Computershare Investor Services 
PLC. They can be contacted at The Pavilions, Bridgwater Road, 
Bristol BS99 6ZZ. Their telephone number is 0370 7071420.

Display documents

The following will be available for inspection at the Company’s 
registered office during normal business hours (Saturdays, 
Sundays and public holidays excepted) from the date of this 
notice until 10am on the day of the meeting:

•  copies of the executive directors’ service contracts; and

•  copies of the letters of appointment of the non-

executive directors. 

After 10am on the day of the meeting, these documents will be 
available for inspection at the meeting venue until the end of 
the meeting. 

Changing proxy instructions

Communication

To change your proxy instructions, you need to submit a new 
proxy appointment - further copies can be obtained from the 
Company or its registrar. However, in doing so, you should be 
aware of the principles that apply to multiple proxies - see the 
note headed Multiple proxies. If you are in any doubt as to what 
to do where you wish to change your proxy instruction, please 
contact the Company’s registrar or your stockbroker, solicitor, 
accountant or other duly authorised professional adviser.

Any address or number used for the purpose of sending or 
receiving documents or information by electronic means that 
is referred to in the Company’s 2021 annual report, which 
includes this notice of meeting, or any proxy form for the 
Company’s 132nd annual general meeting may not be used to 
communicate with the Company for any purpose other than any 
expressly stated. 

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Termination of proxy appointments

If you wish to revoke your proxy instruction, you must send 
to the Company’s registrar a signed hard copy notice clearly 
stating your intention to revoke your proxy appointment. If you 
are a corporation, the revocation notice must be executed 
under your common seal or signed on your behalf by an officer 
of you or an attorney for you. Any power of attorney or any 
other authority under which the revocation notice is signed (or 
a notarially certified copy of such power or authority) must be 
included with the revocation notice. The revocation notice must 
be received by the Company’s registrar before the start of the 
meeting. If you attempt to revoke your proxy appointment but 
the revocation is received after the time specified then, subject as 
follows, your proxy appointment will remain valid. Appointing a 
proxy does not stop you from attending the meeting and voting. 
If you appoint a proxy and attend the meeting, your proxy 
appointment will automatically be terminated. 

Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

135

 
 
Shareholder Information

Explanatory notes to the notice of meeting

Resolution 8: increased limit on the amount 
payable in respect of directors’ fees

Broadly, article 52(A) of the Company’s articles of association 
provides that the total fees to be paid to all the directors must 
not exceed £300,000 a year or any higher sum decided on 
by an ordinary resolution at a general meeting – a fee payable 
to a director pursuant to this article is distinct from any salary, 
remuneration or other amount payable to him or her pursuant 
to any other provision of the articles. On the basis of the 
Company’s board including a non-executive chair and four other 
non-executive directors, the Company would currently expect 
the total fees payable to directors in any year to amount to 
c.£270,000. Therefore, to ensure that the £300,000 cap (which 
was set in 2017) is not inadvertently breached and to ensure that 
the Company is able to continue to recruit and retain suitable 
candidates, it is proposed that the higher sum authority for article 
52(A) be increased to £375,000. The directors have no present 
intention of making any further board appointments that would 
cause the existing £300,000 cap to be exceeded, however the 
increased amount provides the board with the flexibility to allow 
it to do so should it be considered appropriate.

Resolution 9: directors’ authority to allot shares etc.

Paragraph (a) of this resolution would give the directors the 
authority to allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for or convert 
any securities into shares up to an aggregate nominal amount 
equal to £2,436,485 (representing 19,491,880 shares of 12.5p 
each). This amount represents approximately one-third of the 
Company’s issued share capital as at 18 May 2021. In line with 
guidance issued by the Investment Association in July 2016, 
paragraph (b) of this resolution would give the directors authority 
to allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for or convert any 
securities into shares in connection with a rights issue in favour of 
ordinary shareholders up to an aggregate nominal amount equal 
to £4,872,970 (representing 38,983,760 shares), as reduced by 
the nominal amount of any shares issued under paragraph (a) of 
this resolution). This amount (before any reduction) represents 
approximately two-thirds of the Company’s issued share capital 
as at 18 May 2021. The authority sought under this resolution 
will expire at the end of next year’s annual general meeting (or, if 
earlier, at 11.59pm on 30 September 2022). The directors have 
no present intention to exercise the authority sought under this 
resolution. As at the date of the notice, no shares are held by the 
Company in treasury.

Notice of the 132nd annual general meeting of 
Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. (the “Company”) 
to be held on Tuesday, 20 July 2021 is set out 
on pages 131 to 135.
Resolutions 1 to 9 are ordinary resolutions; this 
means that for each of those resolutions to be 
passed, more than half of the votes cast must be 
in favour.

Resolution 1: annual accounts and reports

The directors have to lay copies of the Company’s annual 
accounts, the strategic report, directors’ report and the auditor’s 
report on those accounts and reports before you at a general 
meeting; this is a legal requirement.

Resolution 2: auditor appointment 

An auditor is required to be appointed for each financial year 
of the Company. Ernst & Young LLP, the Company’s current 
auditor, has agreed to serve for the current financial year and 
their re-appointment is therefore being proposed.

Resolution 3: auditor remuneration 

In accordance with normal practice, the directors are asking for 
your authority to determine the auditor’s remuneration.

Resolutions 4, 5 and 6: re-appointment of 
directors

Roger Lambert, Ian McHoul and Torquil Sligo-Young are all 
retiring as directors at this meeting; this is because they were 
directors at the last two annual general meetings and did not 
retire at either of them. All are seeking re-appointment; their 
brief biographical and other details are on page 51.

Resolution 7: political donations and expenditure

This resolution seeks renewal of the existing authority for the 
Company and its subsidiaries to make or incur certain political 
donations and political expenditure. Although there is no 
intention to make or incur such donations or expenditure, the 
legislation is very broadly drafted and may catch activities such 
as funding seminars and other functions to which politicians are 
invited and supporting certain bodies involved in policy review 
and law reform. The authority given by this resolution will be 
capped at £50,000 in total.

136 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Resolutions 10 and 11 are special resolutions; 
this means that for each of those resolutions to 
be passed, at least three-quarters of the votes 
cast must be in favour.

Resolution 10: disapplication of pre-emption rights

This resolution would give the directors the power to allot 
shares (or sell any shares which the Company elects to hold 
in treasury) for cash without first offering them to existing 
shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings. 
This power would be limited to allotments or sales in connection 
with pre-emptive offers and offers to holders of other equity 
securities if required by the rights of those shares or as the 
directors otherwise consider necessary, or otherwise up to 
an aggregate nominal amount of £365,472 (representing 
2,923,776 shares). This amount represents approximately 5% 
of the Company’s issued share capital as at 18 May 2021. 
The power sought under this resolution will expire at the end of 
next year’s annual general meeting (or, if earlier, at 11.59pm on 
30 September 2022).

Resolution 11: authority to purchase own shares

This resolution would give the Company the authority to 
purchase just under 10% of the Company’s issued shares 
(excluding any treasury shares). The directors have no present 
intention to exercise the authority to make market purchases, 
however the authority provides the flexibility to allow them to 
do so in the future. The directors will exercise this authority only 
when to do so would be in the best interests of the Company, 
and of its shareholders generally, and could be expected to 
be earnings enhancing. Shares purchased by the Company 
pursuant to this authority may be held in treasury or may be 
cancelled. The Company currently has no shares in treasury. 
The minimum price, exclusive of expenses, which may be paid 
for a share is 12.5p. The maximum price, exclusive of expenses, 
which may be paid for a share is the highest of (i) an amount 
equal to 5% above the average of the middle market quotations 
for a share of that class as derived from the AIM appendix to 
the Daily Official List of the London Stock Exchange for the five 
business days immediately preceding the date of the purchase 
and (ii) the higher of the price of the last independent trade 
and the highest current independent bid on the trading venues 
where the purchase is carried out at the relevant time. As at 
1 May 2021, the Company had options outstanding over 
58,015 A shares, representing 0.10% of the Company’s issued 
share capital at that date. If the Company were to purchase 
(and cancel) its own shares to the fullest possible extent of its 
existing authority and of the authority sought by this resolution, 
these options would then represent 0.12% of the Company’s 
issued share capital. No warrants to subscribe for shares are 
outstanding. The authority sought under this resolution will 
expire at the end of next year’s annual general meeting (or, if 
earlier, at 11.59pm on 30 September 2022).

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Shareholder Information

Senior personnel, committees, banks, advisers and others

Directors
Stephen Goodyear 
Non-executive Chairman

Patrick Dardis 
Chief Executive 

Mike Owen 
Chief Financial Officer

Simon Dodd 
Chief Operating Officer

Tracy Dodd 
People

Roger Lambert 
Non-executive and senior independent

Nick Miller 
Non-executive 

Ian McHoul 
Non-executive

Torquil Sligo-Young 
Non-executive

Joint Company Secretaries
Anthony Schroeder 
Chris Taylor

Audit committee
Ian McHoul (Chair) 
Stephen Goodyear 
Roger Lambert 
Nick Miller 
Torquil Sligo-Young

Remuneration committee
Nick Miller (Chair) 
Roger Lambert 
Ian McHoul 
Torquil Sligo-Young

Banks
HSBC Bank plc 
8 Canada Square  
London E14 5HQ

Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc 
Corporate Banking London 
250 Bishopsgate 
London EC2M 4RB

Barclays Bank plc 
1 Churchill Place 
London E14 5HP

Shareholder information

Auditor
Ernst & Young LLP 
1 More London Place 
London SE1 2AF

Nominated adviser
J.P. Morgan Securities plc 
25 Bank Street 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 5JP

Stockbrokers
J.P. Morgan Securities plc 
25 Bank Street 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 5JP

Panmure Gordon (UK) Limited 
One New Change 
London EC4M 9AF

Solicitors
Gowling WLG (UK) LLP 
Two Snowhill 
Birmingham 
B4 6WR

Slaughter and May 
One Bunhill Row 
London EC1Y 8YY

Registrar
The company’s registrar is 
Computershare Investor Services PLC. 
They can be contacted at The Pavilions, 
Bridgwater Road, Bristol BS99 6ZZ. 
Their telephone no. is 0370 707 1420.

Queries
If a shareholder has any questions about 
their shareholding or if they require 
other guidance (e.g. to notify a change 
of address or to give instructions for 
dividends to be paid directly into a bank 
account), please contact Computershare 
(see above). All requests to amend 
account details must be made in writing.

Shareholding management and 
receiving certain documents and 
information via email
Shareholders can manage 
their shareholding online at 
www.investorcentre.co.uk. If they would 
like to receive certain documents and 
information from the company via 
email, they should read the company’s 
November 2018 letter to shareholders 
and then set up or update their profile 
online at www.investorcentre.co.uk. 
Shareholders may change their 
email address at any time and can 
also, via the online portal, revert to 
receiving hard copy documents and 
information. The letter can be found at 
https://www.youngs.co.uk/electronic-
communications

Shareholder offers
Details of shareholder discounts and 
offers are mailed to shareholders from 
time to time. Any shareholder who does 
not wish to receive details of such offers 
should write to the Company Secretary at 
the registered office.

Registered office and 
company number
Riverside House 
26 Osiers Road 
Wandsworth 
London SW18 1NH

Registered number: 32762

Further information
Please visit: www.youngs.co.uk

138 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

Notes

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

139

 
Shareholder Information

Notes continued

140 Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C.  |  Annual Report 2021

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Young & Co.’s Brewery, P.L.C. 
Riverside House, 26 Osiers Road,  
Wandsworth, London SW18 1NH

Telephone: 020 8875 7000 

Fax: 020 8875 7100

www.youngs.co.uk

Registered in England number 32762