Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Asset Management - Global / AIQ Limited

AIQ Limited

aiq · LSE Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker aiq
Exchange LSE
Sector Financial Services
Industry Asset Management - Global
Employees 11-50
← All annual reports
FY2021 Annual Report · AIQ Limited
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
AIQ LIMITED 

(incorporated and registered under the Companies Law (as revised) of The Cayman Islands and registered 
number 327983.) 

Annual Report and Consolidated Financial Statements 

For the year ended 31 October 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Contents 

Strategic Report – Chairman’s Statement 

Strategic Report – Executive Director’s Statement  

Directors’ Report 

Corporate Governance Report 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities  

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position  

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity  

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows  

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Company Information 

Annual Report 2021 

Page Number 

1 

2 

6 

10 

17 

18 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

50 

2 

 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

STRATEGIC REPORT – CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

On behalf of the Board, I present the annual report and financial statements of AIQ Limited for the year ended 
31 October 2021. 

The  COVID-19  pandemic,  combined  with  the  early  nature  of  the  Alchemist  Codes  business,  resulted  in  a 
disappointing performance in 2021 with negligible revenue being generated and significant losses incurred. As 
we have outlined previously, economic uncertainty resulted in customers delaying purchasing decisions for IT 
consultancy  projects  and  stringent  lockdown  measures  in  Malaysia  prevented  management  meeting  with 
potential customers and business contacts. In addition, retailers transitioned to focus on direct-to-consumer 
online sales & marketing, which had a severe impact on OctaPLUS’ affiliate marketing commission model.  

Accordingly, the Board undertook a strategic review resulting in the implementation of significant cost cutting 
measures  and  a  refocusing  of  the  strategy  of  the  Group  on  the  provision  of  IT  consultancy  services  to 
customers who deliver blockchain technology and digital assets, such as non-fungible tokens (“NFTs”).  

In particular, we are seeking to capitalise on  the lack of IT solutions providers in Asia that specialise in the 
delivery of blockchain platforms, and to take advantage of the increasing popularity of decentralised finance 
and  NFTs  in  the  region.  As  part  of  this  process,  we  are  seeking  to  form  partnerships  with  key  solutions 
providers, primarily in Hong Kong and India, to enable us to expand our offer to potential clients.    

While it is early days, we are receiving initial interest in the IT solutions that we can provide for  this market, 
including securing a contract to project manage the supply of a decentralised finance exchange to a customer 
based in Australia.  

However,  while  there  have  been  initial  signs  of  progress,  revenue  generation  remains  low  and  the  Board 
continues to closely monitor the cash position and forecasts, and to contain expenditure levels. This includes, 
for example, taking the decision, post year-end, to put all activity relating the OctaPLUS e-commerce platform 
on hold. In addition, to support our working capital as we execute on the strategy outlined above, we raised 
£500,000 in January 2022 through the issue of unsecured convertible loan notes to our largest shareholders 
and our Executive Director, Lee Chun Chung. We are grateful for this backing.  

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank all of our shareholders for their continued support and we hope to 
be able to provide an update on progress with our strategy in due course.     

Graham Duncan 
Non-Executive Chairman 

25 February 2022 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

STRATEGIC REPORT – EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S STATEMENT  

Below I review the Company’s operational and financial performance for the year ended 31 October 2021.  

Operational Review  

As  previously  announced,  the  prolonged  and  multifaceted  impact  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  which  was 
compounded by Alchemist Codes being at a relatively early stage of development, had a severe impact on our 
business in Malaysia, with negligible revenue being generated in the first half of the year. Consequently, and 
combined  with  the  continued  significant  uncertainty  over  the  post-pandemic  market  recovery,  in  April  2021 
(and as announced in the results for the year to 31 October 2020), the Board undertook a strategic review to 
determine the future of the business, which resulted in actions to cut costs, dispose of non-core activities and 
reposition the Group. 

Our IT consultancy business in Hong Kong, Alcodes International Limited ("Alcodes International"), made initial 
progress during the year in securing and delivering IT projects based on the Hong Kong government grant 
schemes for IT solutions providers. However, the sales value was an insignificant amount corresponding with 
the early nature of the business following its establishment in July 2020. 

The key outcomes of the strategic review were as follows: 
•  Divestment of certain e-commerce software and technology developed in-house by Alchemist Codes to 

Wepin Sdn Bhd (“Wepin”) in May 2021 for £35,424.  

•  A  number  of  Alchemist  Codes  staff,  including  Charles  Yong,  CEO  of  Alchemist  Codes,  becoming 

employed by Wepin. 

•  The OctaPLUS e-commerce platform and a small team were retained to develop the product and seek 
methods to monetise the registered user base. However, post year-end,  the Board  decided to put this 
activity on hold to focus the Group’s resources on the IT consultancy business. 

•  Alcodes International would focus on building the IT consultancy business and look to expand it into other 

technology areas such as digital assets.  

•  The Board and senior management took a voluntary cut of 20% in their fees, that was backdated from 1 

May 2021.  

Following the completion of the strategic review, we have been focused on securing projects for the delivery 
of blockchain platforms and digital assets through the provision of IT consultancy. Shortly before the end of 
our financial year, we were pleased to have been awarded a contract to supply a decentralised finance ("DeFi") 
exchange ("DEX") to a customer based in Australia. Under the terms of the contract, we will receive payment 
in tranches upon completion of milestones, with the revenue expected to be recognised in the current financial 
year to 31 October 2022. The project, for which we perform the role of project manager and subcontract the 
technical  delivery  (such  that  the  net  benefit  to  the  Group  will  be  the  margin  earned  on  the  contract),  is 
progressing to plan and is expected to complete in Q2 of calendar year 2022.  

Financial Review  

Revenue for the twelve months to 31 October 2021 was £61,863, with sales being severely impacted by the 
pandemic  as  described  above,  compared  with  £154,649  for  the  previous  year,  a  period  which  included  an 
approximately seven-month contribution from Alchemist Codes following the acquisition in March 2020. The 
revenue was predominantly based on the delivery of IT projects in Hong Kong (approximately £19,415) and 
sale of software products (£37,639) which consists of sale of software technology to Wepin (£35,424) with a 
small contribution from other software sales (£4,628) and cashback income of £3,121 generated by OctaPLUS.  

The Group recognised a gross loss of £188,807 compared with a gross profit of £11,381 for the previous year. 
This was as a result of the lower revenue and higher costs of staff directly engaged on projects. In addition, 
the period under review includes a full year of direct costs of Alchemist Codes compared with seven months 
in the previous year. 

Administrative  expenses  were  reduced  to  £864,601  (2020:  £1,367,162)  reflecting  a  saving  in  marketing 
expenses  of  £376,084  (with  the  Company  recording  a  net  credit  of  £79,686  in  2021  against  expenses  of 
£296,398 in the previous year) and the absence of amortisation costs in 2021 compared with an amortisation 
expense  of  £239,765  in  the  previous  year  following  the  impairment  of  intangible  assets,  partly  offset  by 
additional depreciation costs of £88,297. The net credit of £79,686 relating to marketing costs reflected certain 

2 

 
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
  
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

cashback  commissions  that  expired  and  were  no  longer  payable  and  which  were  written  back.  The  Group 
recognised  a  net  loss  on  foreign  exchange  of  £126,708  (2020:  £2,926  loss)  due  to  the  weakness  of  the 
Malaysian Ringgit and Hong Kong Dollar against the Pound. However, during the year the Group did not incur 
any transaction costs or impairment charges compared with £380,495 and £2,400,931 respectively in 2020. 
As a result, total expenses were reduced to £998,309 compared with £4,151,514 for the previous year. 

The lower expenses more than offset the lower revenue to enable a reduction in operating loss for the year to 
£1,180,116 (2020: £4,140,133 loss).  

Net finance costs were £12,704 compared with net finance income of £9,546 for the previous year.  

Loss before tax for the year was reduced to £1,192,820 (2020: £4,130,587 loss) and the loss per share to 1.9 
pence (2020: 6.1 pence loss per share).   

The Group had cash and cash equivalents of £581,618 at 31 October 2021 (30 April 2021: £1,022,585; 31 
October 2020: £1,827,379).  

Post period, as announced on 25 January 2022, the Group raised £500k from the issue of convertible loan 
notes. Accordingly, at the date of this report, the Group had cash and cash equivalents of approximately £1.0m.  

Key Performance Indicators 

During the period, and following the strategic review, the Directors revised the metrics that it tracks as the key 
performance  indictors  (‘KPIs’)  to  be  consistent  with  the  new  business  plan.  The  Directors  now  track  the 
following as the Company’s KPIs:  

•  Revenue 

Reflects  the  element  of  billings  generated  and  recognised  during  the  period  from  all  operations  and 
measures the Group’s overall performance at a sales level. Revenues for the year to 31 October 2021 
totalled  £61,863  (2020:  £154,649).  As  noted,  revenues  were  severely  impacted  by  the  COVID-19 
pandemic, which necessitated the Company undertaking a strategic review in the second half of the year 
that resulted in actions to cut costs, dispose of non-core activities and prioritise new sources of revenue. 

• 

• 

Pipeline sales 
The  Company  tracks  the  number  of  qualified  sales  opportunities  (that  is,  the  prospective  buyer  has  a 
credible intent to purchase) and projected sales value. As the Group is at an early stage in the pursuit of 
its new strategy, the number of new opportunities is an important indicator of the potential success of that 
strategy. The projected sales value represents the health of that pipeline. As these are new metrics that 
have  been  adopted  by  the  Company  post  the  strategic  review,  the  Company  will  be  able  to  report  on 
progress in future reports.   

Administrative expenses 
Indirect expenditure on running the business, which reflects cost effectiveness and cost management and 
which is of key importance while the Company is developing its revenue streams. Administrative expenses 
for the year were £864,601 (2020: £1,367,162).  

•  Cash 

The Company’s cash balance provides a measure of the Group’s financial strength and  self-sufficiency 
to support operations while revenue streams are still in development. The Group’s losses resulted in a 
material reduction in cash balances during the year to £581,618 (31 October 2020: £1,827,379). As noted, 
the Company undertook a strategic review in the second half of the year that resulted in actions to cut 
costs, dispose of non-core activities and prioritise new sources of revenue. In addition, as announced on 
25 January 2022, the Group raised £500k post period from the issue of convertible loan notes resulting 
in cash and cash equivalents at the date of this report of approximately £1.0m.  

The Company’s accounting systems track performance on a monthly basis, focusing in particular on revenue 
generation, development and marketing expenditure and working capital needs. 

3 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Going Concern 

Annual Report 2021 

The financial statements are required to be prepared on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to do 
so. 

The Group incurred losses of £1.2m during the year and experienced cash outflows of £1.2m. As at 31 October 
2021,  the  Group  had  net  current  assets  of  £385k  and  cash  of  £581k.  The  Group’s  cash  position  was 
approximately £1.0m at the date of this report.  

As noted above, revenues were severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitated the Company 
undertaking a strategic review in the second half of the year that resulted in actions to cut costs, dispose of non-
core  activities  and  prioritise  new  sources  of  revenue.  The  Group’s  assessment  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  is 
detailed in the Operational Review section of the Strategic Report above. 

The Group meets its day-to-day working capital requirements through cash generated from the capital it raised on 
admission  to  the  London  Stock  Exchange  and,  subsequent  to  the  acquisition  of  Alchemist  Codes,  from  the 
operations of its subsidiaries. More recently, the Company raised £500k through the issue of unsecured convertible 
loan  notes  to  three  existing  shareholders  as  more  fully  described  in  Note  23  to  the  financial  statements.  The 
proceeds of the Loan Notes will be used for working capital purposes as well as widening the Company’s offer to 
new sectors. 

Following the issue of the convertible loan notes, the Group’s cash position gives it sufficient headroom to execute 
its business plans. This has enabled the financial statements to be prepared on a going concern basis.  

The Directors have prepared forecasts and projections and have specifically performed a detailed review of those 
forecasts for the period to June 2023. These reflect the expected trading performance of the Group on the basis 
of  best  estimates  of  management  using  current  knowledge  and  expectations  of  trading  performance.  These 
forecasts and projections have also been stress tested to consider what the Directors believe to be a ‘plausible 
worst-case scenario’. 

The  Directors  report  that  they  have  re-assessed  the  principal  risks,  reviewed  current  performance  and 
forecasts,  combined  with  expenditure  commitments,  including  capital  expenditure.  The  Group’s  forecasts 
demonstrate it will have sufficient cash reserves to enable it to meet its obligations as they fall due, for a period 
of at least 12 months from the date of signing of these financial statements.  

Accordingly, the Directors consider the Group to be a going concern.  

Principal Risks and Uncertainties  

The Directors consider the principal risks and uncertainties facing the  Company and a summary of the key 
measures taken to mitigate those risks are as follows: 

Financial risks 

The  key  financial  risk  is  that  of  funding  the  continued  development  of  the  business  with  the  current  cash 
reserves whilst protecting shareholder value. The Board manages this risk by maintaining close oversight of 
the cash position to enable it to take action as necessary. During the year, the Board implemented measures 
to increase oversight of the cash position and revenue forecasts as described in the Corporate Governance 
Report below. In addition, the Company implemented actions to significantly reduce costs, while prioritising 
new sources of revenue, and, post period, secured  £500k through the issue of convertible loan notes. As a 
result of these actions, the Board believes that this risk level is lower than at the same time last year.  

COVID-19 

The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  had  a  profound  impact  on  Alchemist  Codes  and  the  Group  as  a  whole.  As 
detailed further in the Operational Review, this resulted in a low level of revenue generation and, consequently, 
the incurring of substantial losses. 

The  continued  market  uncertainty  and  the  prolonged  nature  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  across  the  region 
poses a significant risk to Alchemist Codes’ business, which is at an early stage of its development. To address 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

this  risk,  the  Board  undertook  a  strategic  review  and  implemented  a  number  of  consequent  measures  as 
described above.  

Since  the  outbreak  of  the  pandemic  in  March  2020,  we  have  followed  WHO  and  government  guidance  to 
protect the safety of our employees, customers and partners. We implemented a work-from-home policy with 
effect for all staff, putting in place a number of measures to enable remote working.   

Strategic risks 

The success of the Company’s business strategy is dependent on growing the Group’s initiative to be an IT 
solutions provider to creators of NFTs and decentralised finance companies. While decentralised finance and 
NFT issuance is growing rapidly globally, the legal and regulatory treatment of these continues to evolve and 
could evolve to render them a commercially unviable business proposition should governments deem the risk 
to the capital of their citizens too high a price to pay and increase regulations. To mitigate this risk, the Company 
intends to operate its business in territories where there are already robust laws in place that could be applied 
to this nascent market.  

Commercial risks 

The success of Alchemist Codes (including its Alcodes International subsidiary), which is the current operating 
entity of the Group, is dependent on its ability to secure and deliver IT consultancy projects. The key  risk to 
these  activities  is  competition  from  other  IT  service  providers,  which  may  prevent  the  Group  from  winning 
business and/or result in pricing pressure. 

The Group manages this risk through its business development and product functions tracking the activities of 
its competitors and this insight is used by management to quickly adapt the go-to-market strategy. The Group 
always  seeks  to  differentiate  itself  from  the  competition  and  has  increased  its  focus  on  product  marketing, 
pricing and packaging to support this. In addition, the Group intends to continue to enhance its service provision 
and product portfolio through a mix of internal development, forming partnerships and making acquisitions.   

Operational risks 

The key risk to the Group’s ability  to  deliver IT consultancy projects  is ineffective succession  planning and 
failure to retain skills. The Group operates in very competitive markets and the skills that its employees possess 
are attractive to other employers. Not having the right people and skills could negatively impact the Group’s 
ability to service its customers and grow the business. It is important that the Group maintains high levels of 
employee engagement to ensure that it is able to retain and attract the best talent. Employee engagement is 
monitored along with attrition rates in order to identify issues and, where necessary, take restorative action.  

Another key operational risk is non-supply by a major supplier. Some of the Group’s technical infrastructure 
and software is sourced from third-party suppliers and partners. The removal from the market of one or more 
of these third-party suppliers or interruption in supply could quickly and adversely affect the Group’s operations 
and  result  in  the  loss  of  revenue  or  additional  expenditure.  To  mitigate  this  risk,  the  Group’s  business 
development  and  management  teams  work  strategically  to  prevent  over  reliance  on  any  one  key  supplier. 
Suppliers are carefully selected to minimise risk of supplier failure or insolvency and the Group ensures that 
team members are aware of supplier requirements or restrictions to minimise the risk of loss of a supplier due 
to  a  breach  of  contractual  obligations.  In  addition,  the  Group  is  seeking  to  form  business  partnerships  to 
enhance its offerings but also help to ensure its ‘production capability’. 

Li Chun Chung, Executive Director 

25 February 2022 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT  

Annual Report 2021 

The Directors present their report on the Group, together with the audited consolidated financial statements of 
the Group, for the year ended 31 October 2021. 

Principal activities 

The principal activity of the Company is to seek acquisition opportunities and to act as a holding company for a 
group of subsidiaries that are involved in the technology sector. The Company’s current operating entities are 
Alchemist Codes and Alcodes International.  

The Group is an information technology (IT) solutions provider, currently focused on the delivery of blockchain 
platforms in Asia through the provision of IT consultancy. 

Results and dividends 

The results of the Group are set out in detail in the financial statements.  

The Directors do not propose to recommend a dividend for the year ended 31 October 2021. Given the losses 
incurred to date, it is unlikely that the Board will recommend a dividend in the near-term.  

Business review and future developments  

Details  of  the  business  activities  and  developments  made  during  the  period  can  be  found  in  the  Strategic 
Report.  

Financial instruments and risk management 

Disclosures  regarding  financial  instruments  are  provided  within  the  Strategic  Report  and  Note  20  to  the 
financial statements. 

Capital structure and issue of shares 

Details of the Company’s share capital are set out in Note 18 to the financial statements. The Company has 
one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income.  

Post balance sheet events 

On  24  January  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  a  convertible  loan  note  instrument  constituting  up  to 
£1,000,000  of  unsecured  convertible  loan  notes  with  an  expiry  date  of  24  January  2024.  Pursuant  to  this 
instrument, the Company raised £500,000 through the issue  of unsecured convertible loan notes to several 
existing investors, including an Executive Director of the Company. The net proceeds of the loan notes will be 
used  for  working  capital  purposes.  Further  details  are  included  in  Note  23  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

Directors  

The Directors of the Company who have served during the period and at the date of this report are: 

Director 

Role 

Date of 
appointment 

Board 
Committee 

Graham Duncan 
Harry Chathli 
Soon Beng Gee*  
Lee Chong Liang*  
Charles Yong Kai Yee 
Li Chun Chung 

Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
Independent Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Executive Director 
Executive Director 
Executive Director 

09/01/2018 
09/01/2018 
11/11/2017 
11/10/2017 
26/03/2020 
30/12/2020 

N/A/R 
N/A/R 

* Resigned 30 December 2020 

Board  Committee  abbreviations:  N  =  Nomination  Committee;  A  =  Audit  Committee;  R  =  Remuneration 
Committee 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

The Board comprises two executive and two non-executive directors. 

Graham Duncan, Independent Non-Executive Chairman.  

Graham Duncan is a UK-based chartered accountant with more than 20 years’ capital markets experience. He 
also holds the Corporate Finance Diploma issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and 
Wales.  

He has specialised in advising quoted companies since 2000 with regard to financial reporting, transaction 
support and regulatory compliance. Since 2013, Graham has run a consultancy business providing advice to 
growing private and public companies in the UK and internationally. Until 2013, Graham was a capital markets 
director with Mazars LLP in London. Graham has worked closely with Asian companies and previously worked 
for an international firm of chartered accountants in Asia and was based  in Hong Kong between 1993 and 
1996. He resides in the UK. 

Li Chun Chung, Executive Director 

Mr Li has over 20 years' experience in  assisting companies with their strategic  growth. As an experienced 
investment  consultant  and  Certified  Financial  Planner,  he  began  his  career  working  for  several  financial 
planning  and  wealth  management  consultancies  based  in  Hong  Kong.  Since  2016,  Mr  Li  has  provided 
business advisory and mentorship services to companies across a range of industries related to e-commerce 
and digital business primarily in Australia and China. This includes helping companies prepare for the public 
market;  overseeing  development  such  as  through  business  model  construction  and  optimisation,  company 
reorganisation and recruitment; fundraising; and assisting with establishing a digital business presence.  

Charles Yong Kai Yee, Executive Director 

Charles  Yong  Kai  Yee  is  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Founder  of  Alchemist  Codes.  He  founded  Alchemist 
Codes  in  2018  and  his  initial  efforts  were  focused  around  the  development  of  an  enterprise  messaging 
applications for corporate users. Prior to founding Alchemist Codes, Charles was the lead developer of MM 
Intelligence Technology Sdn Bhd where he headed a CMS system project and was responsible for managing 
and leading a team of mobile and backend developers and performing Research & Development on related 
new  technologies.  In  2012,  Charles  was  the  Senior  Design  Engineer  at  Itrimech  Technology  (M)  Sdn  Bhd 
where he was actively involved in leading and delivering large scale Internet of Things applications for multiple 
institutions and corporations in Malaysia, including Taylor University and Sunway Group. Charles obtained a 
Bachelor’s  degree  in  Engineering  with  First  Class  Honours  in  Electrical  Engineering  from  the  University  of 
Bradford, UK. 

Harry Chathli, Independent Non-Executive Director 

Harry is an experienced capital markets specialist with over 30 years’ experience in advising global companies, 
organisations  and  government  agencies.  Currently  he  is  a  director  of  Luther  Pendragon,  an  independent 
communications consultancy, and a number of early-stage businesses. He is also a Non-executive Director of 
BiON plc, a Malaysian AIM-quoted renewable energy company. 

For over 20 years he has been advising public companies listed on the London Stock Exchange’s main market 
and quoted on AIM, as well as on NASDAQ and other international bourses.  

Harry’s experience includes advising on international M&A deals, IPOs, MBOs, crisis communications as well 
as financial PR starting in 1998 at Brunswick Group, a global partnership advising on business critical issues 
to  companies  worldwide.  Prior  to  that,  Harry  worked  for  Adam  Smith  International,  a  global  advisory  and 
consulting business, with his particular focus being Vietnam. In 2004, he established a financial PR company, 
Corfin, which was then acquired by Luther Pendragon in 2011. He resides in the UK. 

Directors’ interests in shares 

Directors’ interests in the shares of the Company as at 31 October 2021 and as at the date of this report are 
disclosed below. There are no requirements for Directors to hold shares in the Company.   

Director 

Ordinary Shares held 

% held 

Graham Duncan 
Charles Yong Kai Yee 
Li Chun Chung 
Harry Chathli 

- 
1,679,755 
1,425,500 
 - 

- 
2.59 
2.20 
- 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Substantial interests 

Annual Report 2021 

-  Soon Beng Gee holds 11,766,650 (18.17%) shares in the Company through GBS Infinity Holding 

- 

Ltd, a BVI company whose issued share capital is wholly and beneficially owned by him.  
Lee Chong Liang holds 11,766,650 (18.17%) shares in the Company through ML Infinity Holding Ltd, 
a BVI company whose issued share capital is wholly and beneficially owned by him.  

-  Teong Tiek Wah holds 8,786,516 (13.57%) shares in the Company of which 8,398,876 (12.97%) are 
held through Soctech Capital Fund, a Cayman island company whose issued share capital is wholly 
and beneficially owned by him. 
JIM Nominees Ltd holds 6,424,340 (9.92%) shares in the Company. 

- 
-  Securities Services Nominees Ltd holds 6,301,554 (9.73%) shares in the Company. 

Except as referred to above, the Directors are not aware of any person who, as at the date of this report, was 
interested in 3% or more of the issued share capital of the Company or could directly or indirectly, jointly or 
severally, exercise control.  

Donations 

No political or charitable donations have been made in the period. 

Provision of information to auditors 
Each of the persons who are Directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that: 

• 

so far as that Director is aware, there is no information relevant to the audit of which the Company's 
auditors are unaware; and 

•  each Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware 
of any information needed by the Company's auditors in connection with preparing their report and to 
establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information. 

Independent auditors  
A resolution for the re-appointment of Haysmacintyre LLP as auditor of the Company is to be proposed at the 
next Annual General Meeting. 

Duty to promote the success of the Company 

The likely consequences of any decisions in the long-term 

In making its decisions, the Board considers its priority of making the Group profitable alongside the interests 
of our staff and the need to keep pace with market initiatives and technological changes so the business is 
appropriately positioned to take best advantage of market conditions and remain viable for the long-term.  

Engagement with employees 

The Group's policy is to consult and engage with employees, by way of meetings and through personal contact 
by Executive Directors and other senior executives, on matters likely to affect employees' interests. Information 
on matters of concern to employees is given in meetings, handouts, letters and reports, which seek to achieve 
a common awareness on the part of all employees on the financial and economic factors affecting the Group's 
performance. We maintain oversight of their performance through a development review process. We value 
our employees’ thoughts and ideas and two-way communication is actively sought and encouraged.  

Business relationships with customers, suppliers and others 

Our customers, suppliers and business partners are key to the long-term success of our business. We seek to 
maintain and  grow our relationships  with  all parties through regular dialogue as  a means of  enhancing our 
reputation and to help us achieve our growth ambitions. We set out our relationship with our business partners 
in terms of business or service level agreements. We maintain oversight of these arrangements as well as 
making sure our customers receive appropriate levels of feedback. 

The impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment 

AIQ seeks to be a responsible member of its community and take its environmental impact into account. 

The desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct 

We communicate with shareholders through financial results on a yearly and half-yearly basis. We also provide 
the required press releases to ensure compliance with the listing rules.  

8 

 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual General Meeting 

Annual Report 2021 

The Company will issue notice of its Annual General Meeting for 2022 in due course. 

Signed by order of the Board 

Harry Chathli, Non-Executive Director 

25 February 2022 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The Board of AIQ Limited considers sound governance to be a critical component of the Company’s success 
and  understands  that  it  is  the  Board’s  job  to  ensure  that,  through  good  decision-making,  the  Company  is 
managed for the long-term benefit of all its stakeholders.  

The Board has endeavoured to establish financial controls and reporting procedures that are appropriate given 
the size, early stage and structure of the Group. The Board reviews these controls regularly and adjusts as 
required. During the year, the Board appointed an internal financial controller (a function that had previously 
been conducted by an external provider) to improve the timeliness of reporting to the Board and enable closer 
engagement of the finance function with the Board.  

The  Board  meets regularly throughout the year  (either in person or by video conference call).  Additionally, 
special  meetings will take  place or other arrangements will be made when Board decisions are required  in 
advance of regular meetings.  

During  the  year  ended  31  October  2021,  a  total  of  14  Board  meetings  were  held.  All  Directors  were  in 
attendance at these meetings, either in person or by video conference call.  

Corporate Governance Code 

The Company is not required to adopt the UK Corporate Governance Code, as a  company with a standard 
listing.  

The  corporate  governance  structures  and  practices  will  be  kept  under  review  and  communicated  to 
shareholders as changes are required and made. 

The Directors consider each of Graham Duncan and Harry Chathli to be independent upon appointment and 
throughout their tenure. Whilst the business has been at early stage, it has not been considered appropriate 
to  appoint  a  full-time  FD/CFO.  Accordingly,  Graham  Duncan  Limited,  a  company  controlled  by  Graham 
Duncan, provided support during the year under review to the Group’s finance team in this area as a means 
of controlling costs. This appointment was approved by the Board independently of Graham Duncan, and the 
Board continues to consider Graham Duncan as independent in character and judgement. 

The  Board  has  an  audit  committee,  remuneration  committee  and  nomination  committee  with  formally 
delegated duties and responsibilities, as described below. 

Board of Directors 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  formulating,  reviewing  and  approving  the  Company’s  strategy,  budgets  and 
corporate actions.  

In accordance with the early stage of the Company’s development, the Board conducts an informal evaluation 
of its performance, which includes identifying the Board’s ability to assess the operating environment, think 
strategically and adapt as necessary. As the Company develops and its operations expand, the Board intends 
to adopt a more comprehensive and formal performance evaluation process. 

It is the responsibility of the Chairman and  the Company Secretary to ensure that Board members receive 
sufficient and timely information regarding corporate and business issues to enable them to discharge their 
duties. As noted above, the Board took action during the year to improve this provision of information. 

The Board considers that there is an appropriate balance between the Executive and Non-Executive Directors 
and that no individual or small group dominates the Board’s decision making. The Board’s members have a 
wide range of expertise. 

The Company requires each Director to devote as much time to their duties and responsibilities as is necessary 
to conduct those duties and responsibilities on behalf of the Company. Li Chun Chung, Executive Director, is 
full-time and the Non-Executive Directors provide their services on a part-time basis. Charles Yong Kai Yee, 
Executive Director, was full-time until June 2021 and subsequently provides his services on a part-time basis 
as required.    

Ensuring that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

The Directors also expect to receive technical updates, compliance and governance training as needed by 
attending courses  and relevant  events to stay up to  date  in  terms of regulatory  changes  and technological 
developments. During the year, training sessions were provided to the Board, senior manager in Hong Kong 
and the new financial controller and Company Secretary on the regulatory requirements of the London Stock 
Exchange.      

10 

 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

The  Board  is  satisfied  that,  between  the  Directors,  it  has  an  appropriate  balance  of  up-to-date  skills  and 
experience for the Company’s stage of development. Additional experience will be added as and when it is 
considered necessary. Biographical details of the Directors are included in the Directors’ Report above. 

Appointment, removal and re-election of Directors  

The  Board  makes  decisions  regarding  the  appointment  and  removal  of  Directors,  and  there  is  a  formal 
procedure for appointments.   

In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association, there is no requirement for Directors to retire from 
office by rotation.  

There is a minimum requirement of two Directors who have the power to fill a vacancy on the Board, or to add 
another Board member. 

The Executive Directors were appointed for a minimum period of twenty-four months, after which the service 
agreement may be terminated by either party giving not less than three months’ prior written notice. The Non-
Executive Directors have signed service agreements that contain notice periods of  three months. There are 
no financial provisions for termination.  

All Directors are able to take independent professional advice in the furtherance of their duties, if necessary, 
at  the  Company’s  expense.  In  addition,  the  Directors  have  direct  access  to  the  advice  and  services  of  the 
Company Secretary. 

Directors’ responsibilities 

The Board comprises two executive and two non-executive directors. All Directors bring a wide range of skills 
and  international  experience  to  the  Board.  The  Non-Executive  Directors  may  hold  meetings  without  the 
Executive Directors present. The Non-Executive Chairman is primarily responsible for the working of the Board 
of the Company and oversight of Corporate Governance. The Executive Directors are primarily responsible for 
the running of the business and implementation of the Board's strategy and policy.  

High-level strategic decisions are discussed and taken by the full Board. Investment decisions are taken by 
the full Board. Operational decisions are taken by the  Executive Directors within the framework approved in 
the annual financial plan and within a framework of Board-approved authorisation levels. 

The Board regulations define a framework of high-level authorities that map the structure of delegation below 
Board level, as well as specifying issues that remain the Board’s preserve. The Board typically meets at least 
monthly  (either  in  person  or  by  conference  call),  with  the  Company  Secretary  in  attendance,  to  consider  a 
formal schedule of matters including the operating performance of the business and to review the Company’s 
financial plan and business model. 

It is the responsibility of the Chairman and the Company Secretary to ensure that Board members receive 
sufficient and timely information regarding corporate and business issues  to enable them to discharge their 
duties. As noted above, the Board took action during the year to improve this provision of information.  

Strategy and business model 

Following completion of the acquisition of Alchemist Codes, the Directors developed a strategic growth plan 
and business model that looked to develop the business within Malaysia and with an international presence. 
As  described  above,  the  COVID-19  pandemic  –  and  associated  economic  impacts  and  travel  and  social 
distancing measures – inhibited the execution of this strategy. Accordingly, the Board undertook a strategic 
review during the year, which resulted in the disposal of non-core activities and the prioritisation of new sources 
of revenue. In particular, the Group is focused on the provision of IT consultancy for the delivery of blockchain 
platforms  and  in  technology  areas  such  as  digital  assets.  The  Group  is  targeting  the  Asian,  Indian  and 
Australasian  markets  where  the  Directors  believe  that  blockchain  platforms  and  digital  assets  are  most 
developed  and  where  the  Group  can  capitalise  on  the  lack  of  IT  solutions  providers  specialising  in  these 
technology areas 

Meeting shareholders’ needs and expectations 

The  Directors  seek  to  build  on  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders by offering meetings to discuss long-term issues and receive feedback, and issuing updates to 
the market as appropriate. The Board also seeks to use the Annual General Meeting to communicate with its 
shareholders, who are encouraged to attend, and to meet and ask questions of Directors and to discuss the 
development of the business.  

11 

 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

The Company operates a website at www.aiqhub.com. The website contains details of the Company and its 
activities;  regulatory  announcements;  interim  financial  statements,  preliminary  statements  and  Annual 
Reports.  

Shareholder  relations  are  managed  primarily  by  the  Chairman  with  the  support  of  Luther  Pendragon.  The 
Board is also kept informed of shareholder views and concerns through its Financial Adviser and Broker, VSA 
Capital Limited.  

Each of the Directors is available to meet with shareholders (in person or via video conference) if required to 
discuss issues of importance or concern. 

Our stakeholders 

Our key stakeholders include shareholders, suppliers, regulators and creditors. The principal ways in which 
their  feedback  is  gathered  are  via  one-to-one  meetings  and  conversations  with  stakeholders  with  an  open 
dialogue. 

Material feedback from stakeholders is reviewed at meetings of the Board as a means of making sure we keep 
to our stated commitments. In particular, shareholders may communicate directly with the Chairman and the 
Directors. In all cases, the Company’s ethos is to act on feedback and to respond in a timely manner.   

The Board does not support discrimination of any form, positive or negative, and all appointments are based 
solely on merit.  

Risk management – Internal controls 

In applying the principle that the Board should maintain a system of internal control to safeguard shareholders’ 
investment and the Company’s assets, the Directors recognise that they have overall responsibility for ensuring 
that  the  Company  maintains  systems  to  provide  them  with  reasonable  assurance  regarding  effective  and 
efficient  operations,  internal  control  and  compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  and  for  reviewing  the 
effectiveness  of  those  systems.  However,  there  are  inherent  limitations  in  any  system  of  control  and 
accordingly even the most effective system can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance against 
material  misstatement or loss, and that the system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of 
failure to achieve the business objectives.  

The Company has a documented framework of financial and non-financial procedures, but it does not currently 
maintain a risk register. The key features of the internal control system are described below:  

-  Financial controls  

The Board takes responsibility for reviewing and approving all financial budgets and business plans. These 
are reviewed and updated where necessary to reflect changes in the business environment or internal strategy 
changes.  

The Board is supported by the Audit Committee in respect of its responsibilities to prepare financial reports to 
shareholders. This includes an assessment of the appropriateness of key accounting policies, internal controls 
and regulatory compliance. 

The Board has recognised the need for improvement in the area of financial controls, particularly  regarding 
internal  control  procedures  to  ensure  the  Board  is  presented  with  complete  and  accurate  accounting 
information.  During  the  year,  the  Company  appointed  an  internal  financial  controller  (a  function  that  had 
previously been conducted by an external provider) to improve the timeliness of reporting to the Board and 
enable closer engagement of the finance function with the Board. The Audit Committee is undertaking a full 
review to identify, and implement, actions to be taken to strengthen the Company’s internal controls procedures 
and processes.        

-  Non-financial controls  

Non-financial  controls  are  considered  as  important  as  financial  controls  and  these  encompass  risk 
management and fraud, IT and business continuity, regulatory compliance, health and safety and corporate 
social responsibility.  

The key elements of these non-financial controls are set out below: 

•  Control environment: the Company is committed to high standards of business conduct and there are 

also policies in place for the reporting and resolution of suspected fraudulent activities.  

•  Risk  identification:  Management  is  responsible  for  the  identification  and  evaluation  of  key  risks 
applicable  to  their  areas  of  business.  These  risks  are  assessed  on  a  continual  basis  –  however,  a 

12 

 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

formal risk register is not currently maintained – and may be associated with a variety of internal and 
external sources, including investment risk and regulatory requirements.  

The Audit Committee reviews the scope and scale of  any non-audit services undertaken by the auditors in 
order to ensure that their independence and objectivity is safeguarded. 

Market Abuse Regulations 

The Board recognises the importance of complying with the Market Abuse Regulations (“MAR’’) relating to the 
disclosure  of  inside  information  and  disclosure  of  deals  by  persons  discharging  managerial  responsibilities 
(“PDMR”) and persons closely associated (“PCA”). The Company has adopted an appropriate share dealing 
policy. 

Anti-Corruption and Bribery Policy  

The Board recognises the importance of having and operating effective anti-corruption and bribery practices 
and safeguards. All Directors are bound by a code of conduct which covers anti-corruption and bribery.  

The Company’s internal control processes are reviewed at least annually as a means of ensuring they remain 
fit for purpose as the business evolves. 

Relations with shareholders 

The  Directors  seek  to  build  on  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders by being available to meet to discuss long-term issues and receive feedback. The Board also 
seeks to use the Annual General Meeting to communicate with its shareholders. 

Fair, balanced and understandable assessment of position and prospects 

The  Board  is  committed  to  presenting  fair,  balanced  and  comprehensible  assessments  of  the  Company’s 
position  and  prospects.  The  Board  has  applied  the  principles  of  good  governance  relating  to  Directors’ 
remuneration as described below. The Board has determined that there are no specific issues that need to be 
brought to the attention of shareholders.  

Board Committees 

The Board maintains three standing committees, being the Audit, Remuneration and Nomination Committees. 
The  minutes  of  all  sub-committees  are  circulated  for  review  and  consideration  by  all  relevant  Directors, 
supplemented by oral reports from the Committee Chairmen at Board meetings. 

Audit Committee 

The  Audit  Committee  comprises  Graham  Duncan,  who  chairs  the  Committee,  and  Harry  Chathli.  The 
Committee held two meetings during the year ended 31 October 2021, which were held to approve the annual 
report for the period ended 31 October 2020 and interim report for the six months ended 30 April 2021. Further 
details on the Audit Committee are provided below in the Report of the Audit Committee. 

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee comprises Harry Chathli, who chairs the committee, and Graham Duncan. One 
meeting was held during the financial year. Further details on the Remuneration Committee are provided below 
in the Report of the Remuneration Committee. 

Nomination Committee 

The Nomination Committee comprises Harry Chathli, who chairs the Committee, and Graham Duncan. One 
meeting was held during the financial year. Further details on the Nomination Committee are provided below 
in the Report of the Nomination Committee. 

Report of the Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee has written terms of reference and provides a mechanism through which the Board can 
maintain the integrity of the financial statements of the Company and any formal announcements relating to 
its financial performance; to review the Company’s internal financial controls and its internal control and risk 
management  systems;  and  to  make  recommendations  to  the  Board  in  relation  to  the  appointment  of  the 
external auditor, their remuneration  both  for audit  and non-audit work, the nature, scope and results of the 
audit and the cost effectiveness, independence and objectivity of the auditors. Provision is made by the Audit 
Committee to meet the auditors at least twice a year.  

13 

 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

The Group is still at an early stage of its development and is reliant on the Audit Committee to perform various 
reporting  requirements  particularly  with  regards  the  preparation  of  supporting  accounting  papers  for  audit 
purposes. 

The Audit Committee has reviewed, considered and agreed the scope and methodology of the audit work to 
be undertaken by the external auditors, their appointment and fees and agreed the terms of engagement for 
the audit of the financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2021. 

Significant  matters  considered  by  the  Audit  Committee  during  the  year  included  the  auditor’s  scope  and 
methodology for the audit of the financial statements, in  particular determining the areas at greatest risk of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud or poor internal controls). This included consideration of 
risks that might impact results for the period, impairment reviews, the going concern assessment, net assets 
at the end of the period and the disclosures in the financial statements.   

Following  the  Audit  Committee’s  recommendation,  the  Board  considers  the  internal  control  system  to  be 
adequate  for  the  Company.  The  Audit  Committee  reviews  the  scope  and  scale  of  the  non-audit  services 
undertaken  by  the  auditors  in  order  to  ensure  that  their  independence  and  objectivity  is  safeguarded.  The 
Directors recognise the business will increase in complexity as it grows and they will review the internal control 
system to ensure it responds to any change. 

Report of the Remuneration Committee 

The  Remuneration  Committee  monitors  the  remuneration  policies  of  the  Company  to  ensure  that  they  are 
consistent with its business objectives. Its terms of reference include the recommendation and execution of 
policy on Director and executive management remuneration and for reporting decisions made to the Board. 
The Committee determines the individual remuneration package of the executive management of the Board. 
During the year, the Board and senior management took a voluntary 20% reduction in their fees, backdated 
from 1 May 2021, as part of the Company’s cost saving measures. This reduction has remained in place as at 
the signing of this annual report. In addition, post year end, Li Chun Chung, Executive Director, and Ng Chun 
Fai, Senior Manager, have taken a voluntary reduction in fees of a further 50% effective 1 February 2022.  

The duties of the Committee are to: 

•  determine  and  agree  with  the  Board  the  framework  or  broad  policy  for  the  remuneration  of  the 
Chairman, Executive Directors, Non-Executive Directors and any employees that the Board delegates 
to it; 

•  within the terms of the agreed policy, determine individual remuneration packages including bonuses, 

incentive payments, share options, pension arrangements and any other benefits; 

•  determine the contractual terms on termination and individual termination payments, ensuring that the 

duty of the individual to mitigate loss is fully recognised; 

• 

in  determining  individual  packages  and  arrangements,  give  due  regard  to  the  comments  and 
recommendations of the Listing Rules; 

•  be told of and be given the chance to advise on any major changes in employee benefit structures in 

the Company; and 

• 

recommend  and  monitor  the  level  and  structure  of  remuneration  for  senior  managers  below  Board 
level as determined. 

The Committee is authorised by the Board to: 

• 

seek any information it requires from any employee of the Company in order to perform its duties; 

•  be responsible for establishing the selection criteria and then for selecting, appointing and setting the 
terms  of  reference  for  any  remuneration  consultants  providing  advice  to  the  Committee,  at  the 
Company’s expense; and 

•  obtain, at the Company’s expense, outside legal or other professional advice where necessary in the 

course of its activities. 

The Company’s Remuneration Policy is designed to provide remuneration packages to motivate and retain 
high-calibre executives and to attract new talent as required. The Committee takes into account the principles 
of sound risk management when setting pay and takes action to ensure that the remuneration structure at AIQ 
Limited does not encourage undue risk. The Remuneration Policy is unaudited. 

14 

 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Executive Directors’ fees 

Annual Report 2021 

Purpose – a core element of remuneration, used to attract and retain executive directors of the calibre required 
to develop and deliver our business strategy. 

Operation and opportunity – fees for executive directors are reviewed annually, although an out-of-cycle review 
may be conducted if the Remuneration Committee determines it appropriate. A review may not necessarily 
lead to an increase in fees.   

Performance measures or basis of payment – whilst there are no formal performance measures to determine 
fee levels, general individual and business performance are taken into account. For the executive directors, 
changes to fees may be made under certain circumstances such as increase in the scope or responsibility of 
an individual’s role.  

As noted above, during the year, each of the Executive Directors agreed to a reduction in their remuneration 
as part of the reduction  in Group costs. In addition, post year end, Li Chun Chung, Executive Director, has 
taken a voluntary reduction in fees of a further 50% effective 1 February 2022.  

Non-Executive Directors’ fees 

Purpose – core element of remuneration paid for fulfilling the relevant role. 

Operation  – non-executive  directors receive  a basic fee,  paid quarterly in arrears, in respect of their  board 
duties. Further fees may be paid for chairmanship or membership of board committees. Additional fees may 
be paid for travelling regularly from overseas to board and committee meetings. Non-executive directors are 
not eligible for annual  bonus or other benefits. Expenses incurred  directly in performance  of non-executive 
duties for the Company may be reimbursed or paid directly on their behalf. 

Opportunity – current fee levels can be found below in the remuneration report. Fees are set at a level which 
is considered appropriate to attract or retain non-executive directors of the calibre required by the Company. 
Fee levels are normally set by reference to amounts paid to non-executive directors serving on the boards of 
similar sized UK-listed companies, taking into account the size, responsibility and time commitment of the role. 

As  noted  above,  during  the  year,  each  of  the  Non-Executive  Directors  agreed  to  a  reduction  in  their 
remuneration as part of the reduction in Group costs.   

Termination 

The Executive Directors were appointed for a minimum period of twenty-four months, after which the service 
agreement may be terminated by either party giving not less than three months’ prior written notice to the other 
party.  

Each of the Non-Executive Directors were appointed for a minimum period of twelve months, after which the 
service agreement may be terminated by either party giving not less than three months’ prior written notice to 
the other party.  

There are no additional financial provisions for termination.  

Annual remuneration  

The remuneration of the Directors for the year ended 31 October 2021 was as follows: 

Executive Directors 
Li Chun Chung1 
Charles Yong Kai Yee2 
Lee Chong Liang3 
Non-executive Directors 
Graham Duncan 
Harry Chathli 
Soon Beng Gee4 

Year ended 
31 October 
2021 
£ 

Year ended 
31 October 
2020 
£ 

35,420 
32,400     

      8,050 

- 

21,000     
43,575 

31,050 
25,875 
8,050 

31,125 
25,938 
43,575 

140,845 

165,213 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

1 Appointed on 30 December 2020 
2 Appointed on 26 March 2020  
3 Resigned on 30 December 2020 
4  Served  as  an  executive  director  until  March  2020  and  as  a  non-executive  subsequently  until  his  resignation  on  30 
December 2020 

All  of  the  above  amounts  comprised  fees  paid  in  accordance  with  each  Director’s  service  agreement.  No 
pension  contributions  or  other  allowances  were  paid.  None  of  the  above  remuneration  was  performance 
related. There are no additional financial provisions for termination.  

None of the Directors were entitled to any other cash or non-cash benefits or pension entitlements.  

Details of Directors’ shareholdings are disclosed in the Directors’ Report. 

In addition to the remuneration above, other costs incurred in relation to services provided by Directors were 
as follows: 

-  A  total  of  £39,000  (2020:  £42,000)  was  paid  during  the  year  to  Luther  Pendragon  for  financial  PR 

services, a company in which Harry Chathli is a director and shareholder. 

-  A total of £4,000 (2020: £24,000) was paid during the year to Graham Duncan Limited for accounting 
services in preparation of the interim financial statements, a company in which Graham Duncan is a 
director and shareholder. 

-  A total of £9,500 (2020: £nil) was paid to Ever Billions International Limited for general management 

services, a company in which Li Chun Chung is a director. 

Report of the Nomination Committee 

The function of the Nomination Committee is to provide a formal, rigorous and transparent procedure for the 
appointment of new directors to the Board. There was one meeting held during the financial year. In carrying 
out its duties, the Nomination Committee is primarily responsible for: 

• 

identifying and nominating candidates to fill Board vacancies; 

•  evaluating the structure and composition of the Board with regard to the balance of skills, knowledge 

and experience and making recommendations accordingly; 

• 

reviewing the time requirements of Non-Executive Directors; 

•  giving full consideration to succession planning; and 

• 

reviewing the leadership of the Company. 

Signed by order of the Board 

Harry Chathli, Non-Executive Director 

25 February 2022 

16 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES  

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  annual  report  and  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.   
The  Directors  of  the  Company  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  financial  information  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).   

The Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing these 
financial statements, the Directors are required to:   

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;   

•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;   

• 

state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs; and   

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 

the Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the 
Company. They have general responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard 
the assets of the Company and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.   

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information 
included  on  the  Company’s  website.  Legislation  in  the  UK  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Directors’ responsibilities pursuant to DTR4 

The Directors confirm to the best of their knowledge: 

• 

• 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs and Article 4 of the IAS regulation 
and give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Group; and 

the management report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and 
the financial position of the Group, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that 
they face. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE DIRECTORS OF AIQ LIMITED 

Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of AIQ Limited and its subsidiary undertakings (together the “Group”) 
for the year ended 31 October 2021 which comprise of the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, 
the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position,  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, and the notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of 
significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is 
applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) as adopted by the United Kingdom 
(“UK”). 

In our opinion, the financial statements: 

•  give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 31 October 2021 and of the Group’s 

loss for the year then ended; 

•  have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRS’s as adopted by the UK. 

Basis for opinion 
We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK)  (ISAs  (UK))  and 
applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities 
for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance 
with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the 
FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in 
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit 
of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on the 
overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement team. 
These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

Key audit matter: Going Concern 

There is a risk that the Group may not be a going concern. The continued losses incurred by the group in the 
year, along with the reduction in cash, are potential indicators of risk that the Group is not a going concern. 

COVID-19 has continued to have a significant impact on the Group’s ability to operate, giving rise to a further 
indicator of risk that the Group may not be a going concern. 

How our scope addressed this key audit matter  

Our audit work included, but was not limited to the following:  

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

reviewing the Group’s cashflow forecasts and budgets for a period of 16 months (to June 2023) post 
signing the financial statements; 
challenging the reasonableness of assumptions applied to the cashflow forecasts; 
performing sensitivity analysis on the cashflow forecasts; 
scrutinising and assessing the feasibility of the mitigations detailed within the sensitised forecasts; 
discussing future plans, future revenue streams and pipeline contracts with management;  
reviewing, scrutinising, and corroborating post year-end management financial information; and 
reviewing details of funding arrangements, specifically ensuring the convertible loan notes issued post 
year-end  support  the  ongoing  working  capital  requirements  of  the  Group  and  are  not  available  for 
recall within the 16-month forecast period. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of 
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. We draw attention to Notes 3c, 4 and 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

23  to  the  financial  statements  relating  to  the  going  concern  of  the  Group  and  post  balance  sheet  funding 
received. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as 
a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for 
issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. 

Key audit matter: Revenue recognition  

There is a risk of incorrect treatment of revenue under IFRS. Specifically, there is a risk surrounding the cut-
off of revenue at the year-end relating to projects which were ongoing as at 31 October 2021. 

How our scope addressed this key audit matter  

Our audit work included, but was not limited to the following:  

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

testing all bank transactions around the year-end to ensure correct application of cut-off; 
testing all contracts with customers won during the year to ensure revenue is recognised correctly in 
accordance with IFRS 15; 
reviewing management’s assessment of performance obligations in their revenue recognition paper 
for  appropriateness,  providing  challenge  where  necessary  and  corroborating  through  review  of 
contracts and purchase orders; 
assessing all cashback earnings to the latest conversion reports; 
a review of the DefiDEX contract to ensure it has been recognised in the correct period; and 
an assessment of the sale of intellectual property to ensure the accounting treatment was recognised 
in accordance with IFRS. 

Our application of materiality 
The scope and focus of our audit was influenced by our assessment and application of materiality. We define 
materiality as the magnitude of misstatement that could reasonably be expected to influence the readers and 
the economic decisions of the users of the financial statements. We use materiality to determine the scope of 
our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures and to evaluate the effect of misstatements, 
both individually and on the financial statements as a whole. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined overall materiality for the Group financial statements as 
a whole at the planning stage to be £25,000, based on 2% of the Group’s draft consolidated loss before tax 
for  the  year.  This  was  determined  an  appropriate  basis  for  setting  materiality  as  the  principal  focus  of 
stakeholders of the financial statements is profitability due to the historic acquisition of trading subsidiaries. 
Our  planning  materiality  equates  to  2%  of  the  Group’s  final  loss  before  tax,  which  remains  within  the 
appropriate benchmark range for setting materiality.  

We determined  a level  of  performance materiality, used to  determine the extent of testing, to reduce to an 
appropriately  low  level  the  risk  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and  undetected  misstatement  exceeds 
materiality for the financial statements as a whole. The performance materiality was set at 75% of materiality, 
being £18,750.  

The reporting threshold to the Audit Committee was set at 5% of materiality,  being £1,250. If in our opinion 
differences below this level warranted reporting on qualitative grounds, these would also be reported.  

An overview of the scope of our audit 
Our audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including internal 
control, and assessing the risks of material misstatement. 

The  Group  includes  the  listed  parent  company,  AIQ  Limited,  and  its  trading  subsidiaries,  Alchemist  Codes 
Sdn.  Bhd  (“Alchemist  Codes”)  and  Alcodes  International  Limited  (“Alcodes”).  Due  to  Alchemist  Codes  and 
Alcodes being significant components of the group, we performed full scope audits on both subsidiaries. This 
involved designing and performing audit procedures to obtain sufficient and appropriate evidence to respond 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

to the assessed risks and support our audit opinion. The parent company is registered in the Cayman Islands 
and does not require an audit under the law of the Cayman Islands; however, we performed a level of review 
on  the  company,  equivalent  to  that  of  an  audit,  to  provide  sufficient  comfort  over  the  inputs  into  the 
consolidation and disclosures for the Group financial statements. 

The  component  materiality  set  for  Alchemist  Codes  and  Alcodes  was  £15,000,  being  60%  of  the  group 
materiality.  This  was  based  on  our  assessment  of  aggregation  risk  with  most  of  the  trade  residing  within 
Alchemist Codes. 

We  communicated  with  both  the  Directors  and  the  Audit  Committee  our  planned  audit  work  via  our  audit 
planning report, and our audit planning call. We communicated with the Director’s and Audit Committee any 
audit issues in our audit findings report issued to them, which was discussed in further detail at the completion 
call with the Audit Committee. 

Other information 
The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  The  other  information  comprises  the  information 
included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion 
on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly 
stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, 
in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or 
our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the 
work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are 
required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of the Directors for the financial statements 
As  explained  more  fully  in  the  Directors’  responsibilities  statement  set  out  on  page  17  the  Directors  are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue 
as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern 
basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have 
no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures  in  line  with  our  responsibilities,  outlined  above,  to  detect  material  misstatements  in  respect  of 
irregularities,  including  fraud.  The  extent  to  which  our  procedures  are  capable  of  detecting  irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below: 

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including 
fraud 
We identified and assessed the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud 
or  error,  and  then  designed  and  performed  audit  procedures  responsive  to  those  risks,  including  obtaining 
audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

Identifying and assessing potential risks related to irregularities 
In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-
compliance with laws and regulations, we considered the following: 

• 

• 

the  nature  of the industry  and sector, control environment and  business performance including the 
design of the Group’s remuneration policies, and key drivers for directors’ remuneration; 
results of our enquiries of  management and the audit committee about their  own identification and 
assessment of the risks of irregularities; 

•  any matters we identified having obtained and reviewed the Group’s documentation of their policies 

• 

and procedures; 
identifying, evaluating and complying with laws and regulations and whether they were aware of any 
instances of non-compliance; 

•  detecting  and  responding  to  the  risks  of  fraud  and  whether  they  have  knowledge  of  any  actual, 

• 
• 

suspected or alleged fraud; 
the internal controls established to mitigate risks of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations; 
the matters discussed among the audit engagement team regarding how and where fraud might occur 
in the financial statements and any potential indicators of fraud. 

As  a  result  of  these  procedures,  we  considered  the  opportunities  and  incentives  that  may  exist  within  the 
organisation for fraud and identified the greatest potential for fraud in revenue recognition. In common with all 
audits  under  ISAs  (UK),  we  are  also  required  to  perform  specific  procedures  to  respond  to  the  risk  of 
management  override. We also obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that the 
group  operates  in,  focusing  on  provisions  of  those  laws  and  regulations  that  had  a  direct  effect  on  the 
determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The key laws and regulations 
we  considered  in  this  context  included  the  London  Stock  Exchange  rules,  Disclosure  Guidance  and 
Transparency Rules of the FCA, Cayman Islands company law and tax regulations, Malaysian and Hong Kong 
tax regulations, and General Data Protection Regulations. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This  description  forms  part  of  our 
auditor’s report. 

Other matters which we are required to address  
We were appointed by the audit committee  on  29 November 2020 to audit the financial statements for the 
period  ending  31  October  2020  and  subsequent  financial  periods.  Our  total  uninterrupted  period  of 
engagement is two years, covering the periods ending 31 October 2020 to 31 October 2021. The non-audit 
services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the group and we remain independent 
of the group and the parent company in conducting our audit. Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional 
report to the audit committee. 

Jon Dawson (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of Haysmacintyre LLP 
Statutory Auditors 
10 Queen Street Place 
London 
EC4R 1AG 

25 February 2022 

Haysmacintyre LLP is a limited liability partnership, registered in England and Wales with registered number: 
OC423459. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2021 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross (loss) / profit 

Administrative expenses 
Transaction costs 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Losses on foreign exchange (net) 
Operating loss 

Finance income 
Finance costs 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation 
Loss  attributable  to  equity  holders  of 
the Company  

Note 

5 

7 

12 

9 

to  profit  and 

Other comprehensive income (as may be 
reclassified 
in 
subsequent periods, net of taxes): 
Exchange  difference  on 
foreign operations 

translating 

loss 

Comprehensive income attributable to 
equity holders of the Company  

Annual Report 2021 

Year ended 
31 October 
2021 

£ 
61,863 
(250,670) 
(188,807) 

(864,601) 
- 
- 
(126,708) 
(1,180,116) 

447 
(13,151) 
(1,192,820) 
(2,109) 

Year ended 
31 October  
2020 

£ 
154,649 
(143,268) 
11,381 

(1,367,162) 
(380,495) 
(2,400,931) 
(2,926) 
(4,140,133) 

13,852 
(4,306) 
(4,130,587) 
493,000 

(1,194,929) 

    (3,637,587) 

16,949 

(7,619) 

(1,177,980) 

    (3,645,206) 

Loss per share basic and diluted (£) 

10 

(0.018) 

(0.061) 

Current and prior year amounts are all derived from continuing operations.  

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION  

AS AT 31 OCTOBER 2021 

Assets 

Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Right of use assets 
Intangible assets 
Rental deposits 

Note 

11 
13 
12 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables                       14 
Tax receivable                                             9 
Cash and cash equivalents 
15 
Total current assets 
Total assets 

Equity and liabilities 
Capital and reserves  
Ordinary shares 
Share premium 
Foreign currency translation 
reserve 
Accumulated losses 
Total equity 

18 

19 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade payables                                           16 
Accruals and other payables                      17 
Lease liabilities                                           13 
Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Total non-current liabilities 
Total equity and liabilities 

13 

31 Oct 2021 
£ 

31 Oct 2020 
£ 

175,207 
163,410 
- 
29,834 
368,451 

204,684 
270,727 
- 
31,453 
506,864 

127,414 
23,489 
581,618 
732,521 
1,100,972 

69,459 
24,764 
1,827,379 
1,921,602 
2,428,466 

647,607 
6,019,207 

647,607 
6,019,207 

9,330 
(5,990,400) 
685,744 

(7,619) 
(4,795,471) 
1,863,724 

1,075 
244,664 
94,672 
340,411 

155,468 
136,573 
94,012 
386,053 

74,817 
74,817 
1,100,972 

178,689 
178,689 
2,428,466 

The  accompanying  notes  form  an  integral  part  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  financial 
statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 25 February 2022 and signed 
on its behalf by: 

Li Chun Chung, Executive Director 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2021  

Share 
capital 
£ 

Share 
premium 
£ 

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 

Accumulated 
losses 

    £ 

£ 

Total 
equity 
£ 

Balance as at 31 October 
2019                 

Total comprehensive 
loss for the year 
Issue of shares 
(Note 18) 

518,394  3,848,420 

- 

(1,157,884) 

3,208,930 

- 

- 

129,213  2,170,787 

(7,619) 
- 

(3,637,587) 

(3,645,206) 

- 

  2,300,000 

Balance at 31 October 2020  

647,607  6,019,207 

(7,619) 

(4,795,471) 

1,863,724 

Total comprehensive 
loss for the year 
Balance at 31 October 2021  

- 

- 
647,607  6,019,207 

16,949 
9,330 

(1,194,929) 
(5,990,400) 

  (1,177,980) 
685,744 

  The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2021 

Annual Report 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss before taxation 
Adjustments for:- 
Depreciation charges 
Amortisation charges 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Interest income 
Loss on foreign exchange 
Operating loss before working capital changes 
Increase in receivables 
(Decrease)/ increase in payables 
Increase/ (decrease) in amounts owing to directors  
Tax paid 
Cash used in operations 

Year 
ended 
31 October 
2021 
£ 

Year 
ended 
31 October 
2020 
£ 

(1,192,820) 

(4,130,587) 

119,328 
- 
- 
(447) 
116,106 
(957,833) 
(56,318) 
(48,854) 
2,533 
(2,109) 
      (1,062,581)

31,031 
239,765 
2,400,931 
(13,852) 
16,623 
(1,456,090) 
(33,544) 
19,579 
(290,317) 
(18,184) 
(1,778,556) 

Interest received 

447 

13,852 

Net cash used in operating activities 

(1,062,134) 

(1,764,704) 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Cash acquired on purchase of subsidiary  
Acquisition of plant and equipment 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Repayment of lease liabilities 

- 
(6,540) 

(6,540) 

111,073 
(194,244) 

(83,171) 

(82,512) 

(22,637) 

Net cash used in financing activities 

(82,512) 

(22,637) 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 
Effect  of  exchange  rates  on  cash  and  cash 
equivalents 

(1,151,186) 
1,827,379 

(1,870,512) 
3,703,592 

(94,575) 

(5,701) 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

581,618 

1,827,379 

  The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.  GENERAL INFORMATION 

AIQ Limited (“The Company”) was incorporated and registered in The Cayman Islands as a public limited 
company on 11 October 2017 under the Companies Law (as revised) of The Cayman Islands, with the 
name AIQ Limited, and registered number 327983. 

The Company’s registered office is located at 5th Floor Genesis Building, Genesis Close, PO Box 446, 
Cayman Islands, KY1-1106. 

On 20 March 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of the entire issued share capital of Alchemist 
Codes  Sdn  Bhd  (“Alchemist  Codes”),  (together,  the  “Group”),  a  Malaysian  incorporated  information 
technology solutions developer focusing on the e-commerce sector. 

The Company has a standard listing on the London Stock Exchange. 

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its controlled 
subsidiaries (the “Group”) as follows: 

Name 

Place of 
incorporation 

Registered address  Principal activity 

Effective interest 

Alchemist 
Codes Sdn Bhd 

Malaysia 

Design and 
development of 
software 

2-9, Jalan Puteri 
4/8, Bandar Puteri, 
47100 Puchong, 
Selangor Darul 
Ehsan  
Malaysia 

31.10.2021  31.10.2020 

100% 

100% 

Hong Kong 

Alcodes 
International 
Limited* 

20/F One Pacific 
Centre, 414 Kwun 
Tong Road Kwun 
Tong, Hong Kong  

Software and 
app 
development 

100% 

100% 

              * Held by Alchemist Codes Sdn Bhd. 

2.  PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 

The principal activity of the Company is to seek acquisition opportunities and to act as a holding company 
for a group of subsidiaries that are involved in the technology sector.  

Alchemist  Codes’  principal  activities  currently  comprise  the  delivery  of  information  technology  (IT) 
solutions for clients through the provision of IT consultancy. 

Alcodes International’s principal activities currently comprise the delivery of information technology (IT) 
solutions for clients through the provision of IT consultancy, primarily website development. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

3.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

a) Basis of preparation 

Annual Report 2021 

The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards  (“IFRS”)  as  adopted  by  the  United  Kingdom  (“UK”),  issued  by  the  International  Accounting 
Standards Board (“IASB”), including related interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting 
Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”). 

As permitted by Companies Law (as revised) of The Cayman Islands only the consolidated financial 
statements are presented. 

The financial statements are presented in Pound Sterling (“GBP”) which is the presentational currency 
of the Company. All values are rounded to the nearest pound, except where otherwise indicated. 

The results for 31 October 2021 are prepared for a 12-month period. The results for the comparative 
period  include  the  results  of  the  subsidiaries  from  acquisition  and  or  incorporation.  Therefore,  the 
comparative  information  which  relates  to  the  Company  only  for  part  of  the  year  is  not  entirely 
comparable. 

New interpretations and revised standards effective for the year ended 31 October 2021 
The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year except for the 
following new and amended standards and interpretations during the year that are applicable to the 
Group. 

Other Standards 
New standards and interpretations that have been adopted in the annual financial statements for the 
year ended 31 October 2021, but have not had a significant effect on the Group are:  

• 

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements and IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in 
Accounting Estimates and Errors (Amendment – Definition of Material); 

•  Revised Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting; 
•  Amendments to IFRS 3 Business Combinations (Amendment – Definition of Business);  
•  Amendments to IFRS 16 COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions; and 
•  Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 Interest Rate Benchmark Reform.  

These standards did not have a significant effect on the Group. 

Standards and interpretations in issue but not yet effective  

There are  a number of standards, amendments to standards, and interpretations which have been 
issued by the IASB that are effective in future accounting periods that the Group has decided not to 
adopt early. The most significant of these are as follows:  

•  Amendments to IAS 37 Onerous Contracts – Cost of Fulfilling a Contract;  
•  Amendments to IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment: Proceeds before Intended Use;  
•  Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current (Amendments to IAS 1); 
•  Definition of Accounting Estimate (Amendments to IAS 8); and 
•  Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising from a Single Transaction – 

Amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes. 

The  Directors  do  not  anticipate  the  adoption  of  any  of  these  standards  issued  by  IASB,  but  not  yet 
effective, to have a material impact on the financial statements of the Group. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

b) Basis of consolidation 

Annual Report 2021 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries made up to the end of the reporting period. Subsidiaries are entities over which the Group 
has control. The Group controls an investee if the Group has power over the investee, exposure to variable 
returns from the investee, and the ability to use its power to affect those variable returns.  

The consolidated financial statements present the results of the Company and its subsidiaries as if they 
formed a single entity. Inter-company balances and transactions between Group companies are therefore 
eliminated in full. The financial information of subsidiaries is included in the Group’s financial statements 
from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. 

c) Going concern 

The financial statements are required to be prepared on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate 
to do so. 

The Group incurred losses of £1.2m during the year and experienced cash outflows of £1.2m. As at 31 
October 2021, the Group had net current assets of £385k and cash of £585k. The Group’s cash position 
was approximately £1.0m at the date of this report.  

As noted above, revenues were severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitated the 
Company undertaking a strategic review in the second half of the year that resulted in actions to cut costs, 
dispose  of  non-core  activities  and  prioritise  new  sources  of  revenue.  The  Group’s  assessment  of  the 
COVID-19 pandemic is detailed in the Operational Review section of the Strategic Report above. 

The Group meets its day-to-day working capital requirements through cash generated from the capital it 
raised  on  admission  to  the  London  Stock  Exchange  and,  subsequent  to  the  acquisition  of  Alchemist 
Codes, from the operations of its subsidiaries.  

More recently, the Company raised £500k through the issue of unsecured convertible loan notes to three 
existing shareholders as more fully described in Note 23 to the financial statements. The proceeds of the 
Loan Notes will be used for working capital purposes as well as widening the Group’s offer to new sectors. 

Following the issue of the convertible loan notes, the Group’s cash position gives it sufficient headroom 
to execute its business plans. This has enabled the financial statements to be prepared on a going concern 
basis.  

The Directors have prepared forecasts and projections and have specifically performed a detailed review 
of those forecasts for the period to June 2023. These reflect the expected trading performance of the 
Group on the basis of best estimates of management using current knowledge and expectations of trading 
performance.  These  forecasts  and  projections  have  also  been  stress  tested  to  consider  what  the 
Directors believe to be a ‘plausible worst-case scenario’. 

The Directors report that they have re-assessed the principal risks, reviewed current performance and 
forecasts,  combined  with  expenditure  commitments,  including  capital  expenditure.  The  Group’s 
forecasts demonstrate it will have sufficient cash reserves to enable it to meet its obligations as they 
fall  due,  for  a  period  of  at  least  12  months  from  the  date  of  signing  of  these  financial  statements. 
Accordingly, the Directors consider the Group to be a going concern.   

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

d) Revenue 

Annual Report 2021 

Revenue is recognised at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be 
entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer net of sales taxes and discounts. 
A  performance  obligation  may  be  satisfied  at  a  point  in  time  or  over  time.  The  amount  of  revenue 
recognised is the amount allocated to the satisfied performance obligation. The board believe that the 
Group has one source of revenue, which is IT software services. This source of income can be broken 
down further into distinct revenue streams: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

Revenue from software sales 
Revenue from sales of software application is recognised progressively over time based on 
milestones and customers’ acceptance by using the output method. In the current year the 
output method effectively equates to the timing of invoices raised. 

Included within software sales during the year is an amount of £35,424 relating to the sale of 
certain e-commerce software and technology developed by the Group to Wepin Sdn Bhd. The 
agreement  for  the  sale  became  effective  on  the  25  May  2021.  All  costs  relating  to  the 
development of the software have been expensed in the current year. 

Revenue from maintenance and support contracts 
The  Group  enters  into  annual  fixed  price  support  and  maintenance  services  and  managed 
services contracts with its customers. Revenues are recognised on a straight-line basis over 
the term of the contract.  This method best depicts the transfer of services to the customer as 
there is no reliable prediction that can be made as to if and when any individual customer will 
require the service. 

No maintenance income was generated during the period. 

Revenue from merchant contracts 
The  Group  earns  commissions  from  merchants  when  transactions  are  completed  on  the 
OctaPLUS e-commerce platform. The commissions are generally determined as a percentage 
based on the value of merchandise being sold by the merchants. The variable consideration 
is estimated at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting period if additional 
information becomes available. Revenue related to commissions is recognised based on the 
expected value when the performance obligation is satisfied.  

The  OctaPLUS  e-commerce  platform  was  effectively  closed  during  the  year  and  income 
generated from merchant contracts totalled £3,121. 

Project management and coordination  
In  addition  to  the  above  revenues,  the  Group  earns  project  management  and  coordination 
revenues.  In  the  current  year,  these  primarily  related  to  website  development  for  clients. 
Revenue  is  recognised  progressively  over  time  based  on  milestones  and  customers’ 
acceptance by using the output method. During the year the revenue earned was recognised 
on delivery of performance obligation based on the estimate of the percentage completed as 
judged by management.  

The performance obligations extend over several months with milestone obligations over the 
term of the service agreement.  

With  regard  to  the  Group’s  income  as  Project  Coordinator,  a  customer  agrees  a  DBP  IT 
Contract for implementing the DBP IT Solution.  Typically, the Group invoices for 30% of the 
project fee on signing. These fees are intended to cover time costs incurred for initial planning 
of the project, soliciting and coordinating with the potential vendors, project management costs 
and  preparing  all  documentation  in  relation  to  the  project.  Development  of  the  solution 
including debugging and testing are the key performance obligations under the DBP Contract. 
Upon  the  final  completion  of  the  project,  the  client  is  expected  to  execute  a  UAT  (User 
Acceptance Testing) confirmation signifying the final closure of the project, at which point a 
final  invoice  for  the  balance  is  issued.    Income  is  recognised  over  time  under  the  output 
29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

method, which looks at the measure of progress of the asset being transferred to the customer, 
in  an  amount  that  reflects  the  consideration  to  which  the  entity  expects  to  be  entitled  in 
exchange for those goods or services.  

For each Service Level Agreement (SLA) there are agreed values attached to each element 
of  performance  obligation.  Income  is  recognised  for  each  such  performance  obligation  as 
follows: 

-  Project and website management: Over the period of the contract (typically 6 

months) 

IT support: Post completion over 12 months 

-  Documentation of system – gateway and infrastructure: At point of completion 
-  Technical development of web systems: At point of completion 
- 
-  Maintenance (including bug fixes): Post completion over time 
-  Training: Post completion on provision of manual to customer 
-  Website hosting: Post completion over 12 months 
-  Warranty: Post completion over 12 months 

In most cases, the measurement of revenue (when recognised over time) will not be the same 
as amounts invoiced to a customer. In these circumstances, the Company will recognise either 
a contract asset (accrued income) or a contract liability (deferred income) for the difference 
between cumulative revenue recognised and cumulative amounts billed for that contract. For 
income recognised over time, management estimates the percentage of work completed by 
reference to each customer. 

The Group has been seeking larger project management contracts to support its turnaround 
efforts.  In  September  2021,  a  contract  was  signed  with  a  total  value  of  US$552,500 
(approximately  £404,000). 
received  US$128,400 
(approximately £94,000) as a first deposit and kick start payment under the contract and work 
commenced shortly afterwards. No revenue under this contract has been recognised in the 
year as no work had been commenced or costs incurred prior to the year end and hence no 
milestones had been achieved. 

In  November  2021, 

the  Group 

(v) 

Software development contractual income 
Alcodes International delivers IT projects based on the Hong Kong government grant schemes 
for  IT  solutions  providers.  During  the  year  the  revenue  earned  was  based  on  delivery  of 
performance  obligation  based  on  the  estimate  of  the  percentage  completed  as  judged  by 
management.  

e) Foreign currency transactions and translation  

Functional and presentational currencies  

The presentational currency of AIQ Limited and the Group is Pound Sterling. The functional currency 
of  the  Company  and  Group  is  also  Pound  Sterling.  This  is  based  on  the  principal  currency  of 
expenditure and the Company’s fundraising activities, all being in Sterling. 

The functional currency of Alchemist Codes Sdn Bhd is Malaysian Ringgit, being the currency in which 
the majority of the company’s transactions are denominated. 

The functional currency of Alcodes International Limited is the Hong Kong dollar, being the currency 
in which the majority of the company’s transactions are denominated. 

In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the 
entity’s  functional  currency  are  recorded  at  the  rate  of  exchange  prevailing  on  the  date  of  the 
transaction.  

At the end of each financial year, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated 
at the rates prevailing as of the end of the financial year. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the date when the fair 
value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign 
currency are not retranslated. 

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items, and on retranslation of monetary 
items are included in profit or loss for the period. Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of 
non-monetary  items  carried  at  fair  value  are  included  in  profit  or  loss  for  the  period  except  for 
differences arising on the retranslation of non-monetary items in respect of which gains and losses are 
recognised directly in equity. For such non-monetary items, any exchange component of that gain or 
loss is also recognised directly in equity. 

In order to satisfy the requirements of IAS 21 with respect to presentation currency, the consolidated 
financial statements have been translated into Pound Sterling using the procedures outlined below: 

• 

• 

• 

Assets  and  liabilities  where  the  functional  currency  is  other  than  Pounds  were  translated  into 
Pounds at the relevant closing rates of exchange; 
non-Sterling  trading  results  were  translated  into  Pounds  at  the  relevant  average  rates  of 
exchange; and 
differences arising from the retranslation of the opening net assets and the results for the period 
are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  taken  to  the  foreign  currency  translation 
reserve. 

f) Property, plant and equipment  

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated 
impairment losses. 

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted 
for as separate items of property, plant and equipment. 

Depreciation  is  charged  to  the  income  statement  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  estimated  useful 
lives of each part of an item of property, plant and equipment. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Computers  
Furniture and fittings 
Office equipment    
Renovations 

                                 5 years 
            10 years 
  10 years 
  10 years 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each balance sheet date. 

g) Intangible assets 

With the exception of goodwill, intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less 
accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. All intangible assets have been fully 
impaired however they remain in use by the business. All intangible assets purchased during the year 
have been expensed. 

Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the amount by which the fair value of the cost of a business combination exceeds 
the  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired.  Goodwill  is  not  amortised  and  is  stated  at  cost  less  any 
accumulated impairment losses. 

The recoverable amount of goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when events or changes in 
circumstance indicate that it might be impaired. Impairment charges are deducted from the carrying 
value and recognised immediately in the income statement. For the purpose of impairment testing, 
goodwill  is  allocated  to  each  of  the  Group’s  cash  generating  units  expected  to  benefit  from  the 
synergies of the combination. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than the 
carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any 
goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying 
amount  of  each  asset  in  the  unit.  An  impairment  loss  recognised  for  goodwill  is  not  reversed  in  a 
subsequent period.   

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
                                
 
   
                                
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

Acquisition-related intangible assets 
Net assets acquired as part of a business combination includes an  assessment  of the fair value of 
separately identifiable acquisition-related intangible assets, in addition to other assets, liabilities and 
contingent  liabilities  purchased.  These  are  amortised  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  their  useful  lives 
which are individually assessed. Useful lives are regularly reviewed. 

The estimated useful lives of the Group’s intangible assets are as follows: 

•  OctaPLUS Platform  3 years 
•  Messenger App          3 years 
•  Software                     3 years 

As more fully described in Note 12, each of these intangible assets were fully impaired in the prior year. 

h) Research and development expenditure 

Research expenditure is recognised as an expense when it is incurred. 

Development  expenditure  is  recognised  as  an  expense  except  that  costs  incurred  on  development 
projects are capitalised as long-term assets to the extent that such expenditure is expected to generate 
future  economic  benefits.  Development  expenditure  is  capitalised  if,  and  only  if  an  entity  can 
demonstrate all of the following:- 

its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the asset under development; 
the product or process is technically and commercially feasible; 

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii)  its future economic benefits are probable; 
(iv)  its ability to use or sell the developed asset; and 
(v) 

the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the asset under 
development. 

Capitalised  development  expenditure  is  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortisation  and 
impairment  losses,  if  any.  Development  expenditure  initially  recognised  as  an  expense  is  not 
recognised as assets in subsequent periods.  

i) Impairment of financial assets   

IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” requires an expected credit loss model as opposed to an incurred credit 
loss model under IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. The expected credit 
loss  (ECL)  model  requires  the  Group  to  account  for  expected  credit  losses  and  changes  in  those 
expected credit losses at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition 
of the financial assets. The credit event does not have to occur before credit losses are recognised. 
IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” allows for a simplified approach for measuring the loss allowance at an 
amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables and contract assets. 

The Group has one type of financial asset subject to the expected credit loss model: trade receivables. 
The Group recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on trade receivables. The amount 
of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial 
recognition of the respective financial instrument. 

The expected credit losses are estimated using a provision based on the Group’s historical credit loss 
experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an 
assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, 
including time value of money where appropriate.  

As the Group is  at  an  early stage  and the volume of sales  is  very low,  it  does  not  have  significant 
amounts of historic information on credit losses. Accordingly, only specific provisions have been made. 
To analyse and adjust for any expected credit loss would likely skew the reported results for the year. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

The Group considers a financial asset in default when contractual payments are between 30 to 180 
days  past  due.  However,  in  certain  cases,  the  Group  may  also  consider  a  financial  asset  to  be  in 
default  when  internal  or  external  information  indicates  that  the  Group  is  unlikely  to  receive  the 
outstanding contractual amounts in full before taking into account any credit enhancements held by 
the Group.  A financial asset is written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the 
contractual cash flows. 

j) Impairment of non-financial assets   

At each reporting date, the Directors assess whether indications exist that an asset may be impaired. 
If  indications  do  exist,  or  when  annual  impairment  testing  for  an  asset  is  required,  the  Directors 
estimate the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or 
cash-generating  unit’s  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  and  its  value-in-use,  and  is  determined  for  an 
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those 
from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit 
exceeds its recoverable amount, the Directors consider the asset impaired and write the subject asset 
down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value-in-use, the Directors discount the estimated future 
cash flows to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments 
of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to 
sell,  the  Directors  consider  recent  market  transactions,  if  available.  If  no  such  transactions  can  be 
identified, the Directors utilise an appropriate valuation model. 

When applicable, the Group recognises impairment losses of continuing operations in the “Statements 
of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income” in those expense categories consistent with the 
function of the impaired asset. 

k) Right of use assets  

A right of use asset is recognised at the  commencement date of a lease. The  right of  use asset is 
measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, adjusted for, as applicable, 
any lease payments made at or before the commencement date net of any lease incentives received, 
any initial direct costs incurred, and an estimate of costs expected to be incurred for dismantling and 
removing the underlying asset, and restoring the site or asset.   

Right of use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the unexpired period of the lease or 
the  estimated  useful  life  of  the  asset,  whichever  is  the  shorter.  Right  of  use  assets  are  subject  to 
impairment or adjusted for any re-measurement of lease liabilities.    

The Group has elected not to recognise a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for short-
term leases with terms of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. Lease payments on these 
assets are expensed to profit or loss as incurred. 

l) Leases  

Except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets, right of use assets and corresponding 
lease  liabilities  are  recognised  in  the  statement  of  financial  position.  Straight-line  operating  lease 
expense  recognition  is  replaced  with  a  depreciation  charge  for  the  right-of-use  assets  (included  in 
operating costs) and an interest expense on the recognised lease liabilities (included in finance costs).  

Lease liabilities are recognised at the present value of the contractual payments due to the lessor over 
the lease term, with the discount rate determined by reference to the rate inherent in the lease. If this 
rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate is used. The discount 
rate estimated by management is 6% per annum. The current Malaysian base rate is 1.75% and the 
premium of 4.25% is considered reasonable given the nature of the asset. 

Payments  associated  with  all  short-term  leases  and  certain  leases  of  all  low-value  assets  are 
recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. The Company applies the exemption 
for low-value assets on a lease-by-lease basis i.e. for the leases where the asset is sub-leased, a right-
of-use asset is recognised with corresponding lease liability; for all other leases of low value asset, the 
lease payments associated with those leases will be recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

over the lease term. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less.  Low-value 
assets comprise computers, tablets, mobile phones and small items of office furniture. 

m) Financial instruments  

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and 
financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value.  

Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial 
liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added 
to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial 
recognition.  

Non-derivative financial instruments 

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, 
and trade and other payables. 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses. 

Trade and other payables 

Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. 

n) Financial assets  

(i)  Initial recognition and measurement  

The Company classifies its existing financial assets as  financial assets carried at amortised cost. The 
classification depends on the nature of the assets and the purpose for which the assets were acquired. 
Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition and this designation 
at every reporting date.   

Financial assets carried at amortised cost 

Financial assets carried at amortised cost are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable 
payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are presented as current assets, except for those 
expected to be realised later than twelve months after the reporting date which are classified as non-
current assets. They include cash and bank balances, and a rental deposit.   

Subsequent to initial recognition, these assets are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
rate method, less impairment.  

Impairment of financial assets is considered using a forward-looking expected credit loss (ECL) review. 

(ii)  De-recognition  

Financial assets are de-recognised when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial 
assets have expired or have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all the risks 
and rewards of ownership. On de-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the 
carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and any cumulative gain or loss that had been 
recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

o) Financial liabilities  

Annual Report 2021 

The Company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables and accruals. Financial liabilities are 
recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provision of the instrument. All financial 
liabilities are recognised initially at their fair value, net of transaction costs, and subsequently measured 
at  amortised  cost,  using  the  effective  interest  method,  unless  the  effect  of  discounting  would  be 
insignificant, in which case they are stated at cost.  

The  Company  derecognises  financial  liabilities  when,  and  only  when,  the  Company's  obligations  are 
discharged, cancelled or they expire.  

p) Share capital  

Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares are classified as equity. Amounts in excess of the nominal 
value of the shares issued are recognised as share premium. 

Transaction  costs  that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  share  capital  are  deducted  from  share 
premium.  

q) Taxation  

Current tax 
Current tax is the expected amount of income taxes payable in respect of the taxable profit for the 
reporting period and is measured using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted 
at the end of the reporting period, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous financial 
years. 

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between 
the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Group’s Financial Statements. 
Deferred tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted 
by the reporting date and expected to apply when the related deferred tax is realised or the deferred 
liability is settled. 

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that the future taxable profit will be 
available against which the temporary differences can be utilised. 

r) Cash and cash equivalents  

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  include  cash  in  hand,  demand  deposits  and  other short-term  highly  liquid 
investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts 
of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. 

s) Finance income and expense 

Finance income comprises interest receivable on funds invested. 

Interest income and interest payable is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest 
method.   

t) Employee benefits 

Short-term benefits 
Short-term employee benefit obligations; wages, salaries, paid annual leave, sick leave, bonuses and 
non-monetary benefits, are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed in the profit or loss as 
the related service is provided.  A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-
term cash bonus or profit-sharing plans if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay 
this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated 
reliably. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

Long-term benefits 
Defined contribution plans 
The  income  statement  expense  for  the  defined  contribution  pension  plans  operated  represents  the 
contributions payable for the year. As required by law, companies in Malaysia make contributions to the 
state pension scheme, the Employees Provident Fund (“EPF”) which is charged to profit or loss in the 
year to which they relate. Once the contributions have been paid, the Group has no further liabilities in 
respect of the defined contribution plans. 

u) Earnings per share  

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during 
the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares during 
the period plus the dilutive effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares outstanding during the period.  

4.  ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

Preparation of financial information in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of 
assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  The  estimates  and  associated  assumptions  are  based  on 
historical  experience  and  various  other  factors  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgements about carrying values of assets 
and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  

The key estimates and underlying assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation 
uncertainty at the statement of financial position date, that have a significant risk of causing a material 
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial period are reviewed 
on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate 
is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the 
revision affects both current and future periods. In particular: 

Key judgments 

Going concern 
As more fully described above, the Directors have prepared forecasts and projections for the Group for 
the purposes of assessing the Company’s going concern assumptions. 

The Directors have concluded that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the Annual Report. 

Key estimates 

Impairment reviews 
IFRS requires management to undertake an annual test for impairment of indefinite lived assets and, for 
finite lived assets, to test for impairment if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. 

Impairment testing is an area involving management judgement, requiring assessment as to whether the 
carrying value of assets can be supported by the net present value of future cash flows derived from such 
assets using cash flow projections which have been discounted at an appropriate rate. In calculating the 
net present value of the future cash flows, certain assumptions are required to be made in respect of 
highly uncertain matters including management’s expectations of: 

• 
• 
• 

growth in EBITDA, calculated as adjusted operating profit before depreciation and amortisation; 
long-term growth rates; and 
the selection of discount rates to reflect the risks involved. 

The  Group  prepares  and  approves  a  detailed  annual  budget  and  longer-term  strategic  plan  for  its 
operations, which are used in the fair value calculations.  

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

Changing  the  assumptions  selected  by  management,  in  particular  the  discount  rate  and  growth  rate 
assumptions used in the cash flow projections, could significantly affect the Group’s impairment evaluation 
and hence results.  

Goodwill of £546,874 relating to the acquisition of Alchemist Codes was allocated to the Alchemist Codes 
business and represents a Cash Generating Unit (“CGU”) and was tested for impairment last year. The 
goodwill and other intangible assets were tested for impairment on the basis of value in use, including a 
discount rate of 22.4% based on the rate that would be used by a market participant. These impairment 
tests indicated an impairment loss was required and this loss has resulted in the full write-down of goodwill 
and intangibles arising from the acquisition of Alchemist Codes. The assets remain fully impaired. 

Revenue recognition 
The Group earns project management and coordination revenues. In the current year, these primarily 
related to website development costs for clients. Revenue is recognised progressively over time based 
on milestones and customers’ acceptance. During the year the revenue earned was recognised on the 
delivery of performance obligations based on the estimate of the percentage completed as judged by 
management.  

The performance obligations extend over several months with milestone obligations over the term of the 
service agreement.  

Any changes to the Directors’ estimates of the percentage of completion of a project would impact on the 
level of income recognised in the year. 

MSC Pioneer Status 
In Malaysia, Alchemist Codes has applied for MSC Pioneer Status which, if granted, would result in the 
company becoming income tax exempt. Although the application has been submitted there is no certainty 
as to whether Alchemist Codes will be successful in obtaining MSC Pioneer Status.  Alchemist Codes 
continues to account for tax and makes scheduled tax payments, which are recoverable if the Pioneer 
status is granted. The Directors are of the view that this tax is probably recoverable and have included the 
receivable in the balance sheet. 

5.  REVENUE 

Sale of software products 
Software development contractual income 
Maintenance income 
Project  management  and  coordination 
income 
Cashback income 
Other 

Total 

             All revenues were generated in Asia.  

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
37,639 
- 
- 
19,415 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
£ 
- 
99,596 
41,725 
- 

4,628 
181 

13,043 
285 

61,863 

154,649 

During  the  year  ended  31  October  2021,  one  customer  accounted  for  £35,424  (57.26%)  (2020:  one 
customer accounted for £85,304 (55.15%)) of the Group’s revenues. No other customers accounted for 
more than 10%.   

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

An analysis of revenue by the timing of the delivery of goods and services to customers for 2021 is as 
follows: 

Annual Report 2021 

Sale of software products 
Project management 
Cashback income 
Other 

Total 

Goods transferred 
at a point in time 

£ 
35,424 
12,822 
- 
- 

48,246 

Services 
transferred 
over time 
£ 
2,215 
6,593 
4,628 
181 

13,617 

Revenue in 2020 was entirely from services transferred over time. 

6.  SEGMENT REPORTING  

IFRS  8  defines  operating  segments  as  those  activities  of  an  entity  about  which  separate  financial 
information is available and which are evaluated by the Board of Directors to assess performance and 
determine the allocation of resources. The Board of Directors is of the opinion that under IFRS 8 the Group 
has  only  one  operating  segment,  the  sale  of  software  and  ancillary  services.  The  Board  of  Directors 
assesses  the  performance of  the  operating  segment  using  financial  information  that  is  measured  and 
presented  in  a  manner  consistent  with  that  in  the  Financial  Statements.  Segmental  reporting  will  be 
reviewed  and  considered  in  light  of  the  development  of  the  Group’s  business  over  the  next  reporting 
period. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

7.  OPERATING LOSS BEFORE TAXATION  

              Loss from operations has been arrived at after charging and (crediting): 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

-  Audit of the financial statements 
-  Other services 

Cost of sales: 
Wages and salaries 
Cashback expenses 
Other 

Administrative expenses: 

Directors’ remuneration 
Wages and salaries 
Consultancy fees 
Amortisation of intangibles 
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets 
Depreciation of right of use assets 
Short-term leases on property 
Professional fees 
Regulatory fees 
Secretarial fees 
Audit fees 
Credit loss adjustment 
Vetting fees 
Other costs 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 

Year 
 ended  
31 October 
2020 
£ 

96,750 
3,500 

58,000 
- 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
252,576 
(1,906) 
- 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
£ 
135,350 
7,860 
58 

250,670 

143,268 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
140,844 
211,066 
45,376 
- 
25,542 
93,786 
23,018 
34,359 
30,738 
44,059 
99,079 
2,354 
- 
114,380 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
£ 
165,212 
158,293 
84,322 
239,765 
6,483 
24,548 
13,051 
18,982 
14,802 
33,143 
61,281 
- 
35,000 
512,280 

864,601 

1,367,162 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

8.  STAFF COSTS AND KEY MANAGEMENT EMOLUMENTS  

Staff costs: 
Wages and salaries (including directors) 
Social security costs 
Post-employment benefits 

Annual Report 2021 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
592,673 
576 
11,237 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
£ 
433,931 
2,397 
22,527 

604,486 

458,855 

Key management personnel are considered to be the directors and one senior member of staff. Their 
remuneration was as follows:  

Key management personnel: 

Wages and salaries (including directors) 
Social security costs 
Post-employment benefits 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
227,839 
0 
0 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
£ 
224,445 
0 
0 

227,839 

224,445 

Included within accruals is £7,666 (2020: £23,196), which relates to Directors’ remuneration yet to be paid.  

The average monthly number of employees (including directors) during the year ended 31 October 2021 
was as follows: 

Management 
Administrative 
Operations 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
No. 
4 
4 
34 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
No. 
2 
2 
25 

42 

29 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

9.  TAXATION 

Annual Report 2021 

The Company is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, and its activities are subject to taxation at a rate of 
0%. 

In Malaysia, Alchemist Codes has applied for MSC Pioneer Status which, if granted, would result in the 
Company becoming income tax exempt. Although the application has been submitted there is no certainty 
as to whether Alchemist Codes will be successful in obtaining MSC Pioneer Status.  Alchemist Codes 
continues to account for tax and makes scheduled tax payments, which are recoverable if the Pioneer 
status is granted. A total of RM133,200 has been paid on account in this regard (equivalent to £24,764). 
As outlined in note 4, the Directors are of the view that this tax is probably recoverable and have included 
the receivable in the balance sheet. 

The income tax rate in Malaysia is calculated at the Malaysian statutory tax rate of 24% of the chargeable 
income for the year, except for companies with paid-up capital of RM2.5m (approximately £470k) and 
below  at  the  beginning  of  the  basis  period  and  gross  income  from  source  of  business  not  exceeding 
RM50m (approximately £9.4m), the first RM600k (approximately £110k) of chargeable income is subject 
to tax at a rate of 17%. 

A  reconciliation  of  income  tax  applicable  to  the  loss  before  taxation,  at  the  effective  tax  rate  of 
Alchemist Codes is as follows: 

Loss before taxation 

Tax  calculated  at  the  standard  rate  of  tax 
applicable to Alchemist Codes of 24% (2020: at 
24%) 
Tax effects of: 
Non-deductible expenditure 
Effect  of  different 
jurisdictions 
Withholding tax charge 
Deferred  tax  assets  on  temporary  differences 
not recognised  

foreign 

rates 

tax 

in 

Tax charge/(credit) 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
(1,192,820) 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2020 
£ 
(4,130,587) 

(286,277) 

(991,340) 

119,328 

25,827 

166,949 
2,109 

87,030 
- 

- 

385,483 

2,109 

(493,000) 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

10.  LOSS PER SHARE  

Annual Report 2021 

The Company presents basic and diluted loss per share information for its ordinary shares. Basic loss per 
share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  loss  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  of  the  Company  by  the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per 
share are determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares. 

There is no difference between the basic and diluted earnings per share, as the Company has no potential 
ordinary shares. 

Year ended 
31 October 
2021 

Year ended  
31 October 
 2020 

Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders (£)  

(1,194,929) 

(3,637,587) 

Weighted average number of shares 

64,760,721 

59,818,130 

Loss per share (expressed as £ per share) 

(0.018) 

(0.061) 

11.  PROPERTY PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Fixtures and 
fittings 

Office 
equipment 

Computer 
equipment  Renovations 

    £ 

    £ 

    £ 

£ 

75,056 
173 

(3,779) 

71,450 

1,247 
7,173 

(7) 

8,413 

9,731 
4,034 

(155) 

13,610 

368 
1,936 

353 

2,657 

28,192 
2,333 

2,757 

33,282 

3,059 
6,593 

4,033 

13,685 

98,033 
- 

(4,952) 

93,081 

1,654 
9,840 

(33) 

11,461 

Total 

£ 

211,012 
6,540 

(6,129) 

211,423 

6,328 
25,542 

4,346 

36,216 

63,037 

73,809 

10,953 

9,363 

19,597 

25,133 

81,620 

96,379 

175,207 

204,684 

Cost 
At 1 November 2020 
Additions 
Currency translation 
differences 

As at 31 October 2021 

Accumulated 
depreciation 

At 1 November 2020 
Depreciation for the year 
Currency translation 
differences 

As at 31 October 2021 

Carrying amounts 

At 31 October 2021 

At 31 October 2020 

12.  INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Goodwill and acquisition related intangible assets arising from the acquisition of Alchemist Codes were 
fully impaired in the prior year. The OctaPLUS Platform and Messenger App were also fully impaired 
and any development costs relating to the OctaPLUS Platform and Messenger App incurred during the 
year have been expensed to profit and loss. 
No research and development costs were capitalised in the year. The amount expensed during the year 
was £5,728. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

13.  RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES 

Annual Report 2021 

Cost 
At 1 November 2020 

Currency translation differences 

Land and 
buildings 

    £ 

Total 

£ 

295,338 

(15,207) 

295,338 

(15,207) 

As at 31 October 2021 

280,131 

280,131 

Accumulated amortisation 

At 1 November 2020 
Depreciation for the year 
Currency translation differences 

As at 31 October 2021 

Carrying amounts 

At 31 October 2021 

At 31 October 2020 

24,611 
93,786 
(1,676) 

24,611 
93,786 
(1,676) 

116,721 

116,721 

163,410 

270,727 

163,410 

270,727 

Future minimum lease payments associated with these leases were as follows: 

Not later than one year 

Later than one year and not later than five years 

Total minimum lease payments 

Less future finance charges 

Present value of minimum lease payments 

Current liability 
Non-current liability 

As at  
31 Oct 2021 
    £ 

As at  
31 Oct 2020 
    £ 

178,966 

- 

178,966 

(9,477) 

169,489 

94,672 
74,817 

169,489 

107,817 

188,680 

296,497 

(23,796) 

272,701 

94,012 
178,689 

272,701 

The lease may be extended at the end of its two-year term for a further two years, at a new rental rate to 
be based on the prevailing market rate provided, that in the event that there is any increase in rental, such 
increase shall not exceed 15% of the preceding’s rental rate. No option to extend has been assumed in 
the above calculations. 

Short-term  leases  are recognised  on  a straight-line  basis  as  an  expense  in  profit or  loss.  In  the year, 
£23,018 (2020: £13,051) was charged as an expense. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

14.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Trade receivables   
Provision for expected credit losses 

Total trade receivables 

Prepayments, deposits and other receivables 
Total trade and other receivables 

Annual Report 2021 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

As at 
31 October 
 2020 
£ 

6,693 
(2,354) 

4,339 

123,075 
127,414 

7,799 
- 

7,799 

61,660 
69,459 

All  balances  are  reviewed  specifically  due  to  the  limited  number  of  receivables  and  limited  history  of 
average rates of default losses to rely on. The increase in the provision for expected credit losses rose 
from £nil brought forward to £2,354 at the end of the year.  

15.  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash at bank   

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

581,618 
581,618 

As at 
31 October 
 2020 
£ 

1,827,379 
1,827,379 

Cash at bank earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. 

16.  TRADE PAYABLES 

Redeemable cash back credit 
Other trade payables 

17.  ACCRUALS AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Accruals   
Deferred revenue 
Taxes and social security 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

1,075 
- 
1,075 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

139,410 
105,254 
- 
244,664 

As at 
31 October 
 2020 
£ 

123,100 
32,368 
155,468 

As at 
31 October 
 2020 
£ 

123,998 
1,464 
11,111 
136,573 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

18.   SHARE CAPITAL 

Authorised 
Ordinary shares of £0.01 each  

Issued 
As at 31 October 2021 

As at beginning of year  
Issued during the year  
As at end of year 

Annual Report 2021 

Number        Nominal 

value       

£ 

800,000,000 

8,000,000 

64,760,721 

647,607 

Year  
ended 
31 Oct 2021 
£ 
647,607 
- 
647,607 

Year  
ended 
31 Oct 2020 
£ 
518,394 
129,213 
647,607 

The holders of Ordinary Shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are 
entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. 

19.   FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION RESERVE 

The foreign currency translation reserve represents cumulative foreign exchange differences arising from 
the  translation  of  the  financial  statements  of  foreign  subsidiaries  and  is  not  distributable  by  way  of 
dividends. 

20.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

a) Categories of financial instruments  

The carrying amounts and fair value of the Group’s  financial assets and liabilities as at the end of the 
reporting period are as follows:  

Financial assets: 

Trade receivables 
Tax recoverable 
Deposits and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities at amortised cost: 

Trade payables 
Accruals and other payables 
Finance leases 

As at 
31 October 
2021 
£ 
4,339 

23,489 
107,146 
581,618 

As at 
  31 October 
2020 
£ 
7,799 
24,764 
45,008 
1,827,379 

716,592 

1,904,950 

As at 
31 October 
2021 
£ 
1,075 
244,664 
171,581 

As at 
  31 October 
2020 
£ 
155,468 
136,573 
272,701 

417,320 

564,742 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

The  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  maturing  within  the  next  12  months  approximate  their  fair 
values due to the relatively short-term maturity of the financial instruments. 

b) Financial risk management objectives and policies 

The Group is exposed to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including interest rate risk and currency 
risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The risk management policies employed by the Company to manage 
these risks are discussed below. The primary objectives of the financial risk management function are to 
establish risk limits, and then ensure that exposure to risk stays within these limits. The operational and 
legal  risk  management  functions  are  intended  to  ensure  proper  functioning  of  internal  policies  and 
procedures to minimise operational and legal risks.  

i) 

Interest rate risks  

Certain cash holdings and cash equivalents are held in accounts with variable rates. If interest rates were 
to increase or decrease by 2%, the effect would not be material. 

ii) 

Currency risks  

The Group is exposed to exchange rate fluctuations as certain transactions are denominated in foreign 
currencies. 

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate due to 
changes in foreign exchange rates. The Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange 
rates relates primarily to its financing activities (when cash balances are denominated other than in a 
company’s functional currency). 

Most of the Group’s transactions are carried out in Pounds, Malaysian Ringgit (‘RM’) and Hong Kong 
Dollar  (‘HK$’).  Foreign  currency  risk  is  monitored  closely  on  an  ongoing  basis  to  ensure  that  the  net 
exposure is at an acceptable level.  

The Group maintains a natural hedge whenever possible, by matching the cash inflows (revenue stream) 
and  cash  outflows  used  for  purposes  such  as  capital  and  operational  expenditure  in  the  respective 
currencies. The Group’s net exposure to foreign exchange risk was as follows: 

As at 31 October 2021 
Financial assets denominated in £ 
Financial liabilities denominated in £ 
Net foreign currency exposure 

As at 31 October 2020 
Financial assets denominated in £ 
Financial liabilities denominated in £ 
Net foreign currency exposure 

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis: 

US$ 
£’000 
522 
- 
522 

US$ 
£’000 
894 
- 
894 

Total 
£’000 
522 
- 
522 

Total 
£’000 
894 
- 
894 

The  following  tables  demonstrate  the  sensitivity  to  a  reasonably  possible  change  in  foreign  currency 
exchange rates, with all other variables held constant.  

The impact on the Group’s loss before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets  and 
liabilities. The Group’s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.   

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

A 10 per cent. movement in US Dollar ($) would increase/(decrease) net assets by the amounts shown 
below. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. 

Annual Report 2021 

As at 31 October 2021 
Effect on net assets: 
Strengthened by 10% 
Weakened by 10% 

As at 31 October 2020 
Effect on net assets: 
Strengthened by 10% 
Weakened by 10% 

US$ 
£’000 

52 
(52) 

US$ 
£’000 

89 
(89) 

At 31 October 2021 the Company had £427,511 (2020: £893,965) of cash and cash equivalents in United 
States  Dollar  accounts.  At 31  October  2021,  had  the exchange  rate  between  the  Pound  Sterling  and 
United States Dollar increased/decreased by 10%, the effect on the result in the period would be a gain 
of £42,751 (2020: £89,396) / loss of £42,751 (2020: £89,396). 

At  31  October  2021  the  Company  had  £71,758  (2020:  £894,587)  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  in 
Malaysian Ringgit accounts. At 31 October 2021, had the exchange rate between the Pound Sterling and 
Malaysian Ringgit increased/decreased by 10%, the effect on the result in the period would be a gain of 
£7,176 (2020: £89,459) / loss of £7,176 (2020: £89,459). 

At 31 October 2021 the Company had £13,129 (2020: £14,758) of cash and cash equivalents in Hong 
Kong Dollar accounts. At 31 October 2021, had the exchange rate between the Pound Sterling and Hong 
Kong Dollar increased/decreased by 10%, the effect on the result in the period would be a gain of £1,313 
(2020: £1,476) / loss of £1,313 (2020: £1,476). 

iii) 

Credit risk  

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss  to  the  Group.  Credit  allowances  are  made  for  estimated  losses  that  have  been  incurred  by  the 
reporting date. No such amounts have been made to date. 

Concentrations  of  credit  risk  exist  to  the  extent  that  the  equivalent  of  £494,371  of  the  Group's  cash 
balances were held with DBS Bank Limited in Singapore and the equivalent of £43,507 was held with 
Hong Leong Bank in Malaysia. 

S&P Global Ratings affirmed on 31 October 2021 the issuer credit ratings of DBS Bank Limited at AA-
. Hong Leong Bank’s was recently downgraded by Fitch from A- to BBB+. 

Accordingly, the Company considers that the credit risk in relation to its cash holding to be low. 

iv) 

Liquidity risk  

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with 
its financial liabilities. The Company's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that 
it  will  always  have  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet  its  liabilities  when  due,  under  both  normal  and  stressed 
conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation.  

The  Group's  financial  liabilities  are  primarily  trade  and  other  payables.  The  amounts  are  unsecured, 
interest-free and repayable on demand. Details of trade payables are found in Note 16. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

21.  CAPITAL MANAGEMENT  

Annual Report 2021 

The  Group  manages  its  capital  to  ensure  that  it  will  be  able  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  while 
maximising the return to shareholders through the optimisation of the balance between debt and equity.  

The capital structure of the  Group as at 31 October 2021 consisted  of Ordinary  Shares  and  equity 
attributable to the shareholders of the Company, totalling £676,652 (2020: £1,863,724) (disclosed in 
the statement of changes in equity).  

The capital structure is reviewed on an on-going basis. As part of this review, the Directors consider 
the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital. 

22.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  

The  remuneration  of  the  Directors  of  the  Company  is  set  out  in  the  Report  of  the  Remuneration 
Committee.  

A  total  of  £41,000  (2020:  £42,000)  was  paid  during  the  year  to  Luther  Pendragon  for  financial  PR 
services, a company in which Harry Chathli is a director and shareholder. 

Included  within  accruals  is  £7,667  (2020:  £23,196),  which  relates  to  Directors’  remuneration 
outstanding and £1,457 (2020: £nil) relating to KMP salaries. 

A total of £11,000 (2020: £24,000) was paid during the year to Graham Duncan Limited for accounting 
services, a company in which Graham Duncan is a director and shareholder.  

A total of £9,500 (2020: £nil) was paid to Ever Billions International Limited for general management 
services,  a  company  in  which  Li  Chun  Chung  is  a  director.  Additionally,  revenue  for  project 
management services of £3,020 was recognised during the year and £1,836 recognised as deferred 
revenue at year end. 

A  total  of  £2,900  (2020:  £nil)  was  paid  to  Credigroup  Fiduciary  Services  for  payment  processing 
services, a company in which Ng Chun Fai, Senior Manager of the Group, is a director. 

Revenue from AI Sport Asia for project management services, a company in which Ng Chun Fai is a 
director, of £231 was recognised during the year and £1,544 recognised as deferred revenue at year 
end. 

Revenue from Consortium Family Office Ltd for project management services, a company in which Ng 
Chun Fai is a director, of £2,520 was recognised during the year and £1,897 recognised as deferred 
revenue at year end. 

The related party transactions were  made on terms  equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s length 
transactions. 

23.  MATERIAL SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Issue of convertible loan notes 

On 24 January 2022, the Company entered into a convertible loan note instrument constituting up to 
£1,000,000 of unsecured convertible loan notes with an expiry date of 24 January 2024. Pursuant to 
this instrument, the Company immediately raised £500,000 through the issue of unsecured convertible 
loan notes (the “Loan Notes”) to several existing investors (together the “Noteholders”), including an 
Executive Director of the Company. The net proceeds of the Loan Notes will be used for working capital 
purposes.  

Terms of the Loan Notes 

The Loan Notes have an expiration date of 24 January 2024 (“Expiration Date”) and can be repaid, in 
part or in full, by the Company on 31 December in any year prior to the Expiration Date by giving not 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2021 

less than 14 days’ written notice to the Noteholders. All outstanding Loan Notes attract interest at a 
rate of 5% per annum from the date of issue (24 January 2022) to the date of repayment or conversion.  

The Loan Notes shall  be convertible into  new Ordinary Shares  of the Company  at the lesser of 11 
pence per Ordinary Share or the Volume Weighted Average Price of the Company’s Ordinary Shares 
on the London Stock Exchange in the seven-day period prior to the date on which the Loan Note is 
converted into Ordinary Shares. The Loan Notes shall be convertible, in part or in full, at any time from 
the date of issue until the Expiration Date by the Noteholder giving to the Company at least one week’s 
written notice (the “Conversion Notice”).  

In  the  event  of  the  Company  receiving  a  Conversion  Notice  in  circumstances  where  the  Company 
would  be  required  to  publish  a  prospectus  in  relation  to  the  application  to  trading  of  such  Ordinary 
Shares, the Company shall have the sole right to reject such notice. In addition, a Noteholder shall not 
be permitted to issue a Conversion Notice if they are in possession of any unpublished price sensitive 
or inside information as such terms are defined in the UK Criminal Justice Act 1993 and the Market 
Abuse Regulation (as in force in the United Kingdom). 

The Loan Notes have been issued to the Noteholders as follows:  

• 

• 

• 

£250,000 to Li Chun Chung, an Executive Director of the Company and who has an interest 
in 1,425,500 ordinary shares in the Company (“Ordinary Shares”), representing 2.2% of the 
Company’s issued share capital 

£125,000 to Soon Beng Gee who has an interest in 11,766,650 Ordinary Shares, 
representing 18.2% of the Company’s issued share capital 

£125,000 to Lee Chong Liang who has an interest in 11,766,650 Ordinary Shares, 
representing 18.2% of the Company’s issued share capital 

24.  ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

As at 31  October  2021, no one entity owns greater than 50% of the  issued share  capital,  or holds 
significant control over the Company. Therefore, the  Directors have determined the  Company does 
not have an ultimate controlling party. 

25.  COVID-19 

SARS-CoV-2 (“COVID-19”) has continued to severely impact the Group’s revenues and results for the 
year. The  stringent  lockdown  measures  still  being  taken  by  the  Malaysian  government  –  known  as 
“movement  control  orders”  (MCO),  which  were  in  effect  throughout  the  year;  and  the  economic 
downturn  and  uncertainty  continues  to  negatively  impact  customers’  budget  availability  and  the 
willingness to commit resources to new projects. The pandemic also severely impacted the rollout of 
the Group’s e-commerce solution, OctaPLUS, which resulted in this area of the business closing. 

Hong  Kong  is  showing  signs  of  improving  and  this  appears  to  be  the  Groups  best  opportunity  for 
growth in the future. 

Whilst significant cost cutting measures and reorganisations have been put into effect these savings 
have not been augmented by revenue improvements during the year. 

The pandemic continues to have a profound impact on the Group’s operations, with MCO measures 
in Malaysia still in place as the pace of emerging from the pandemic in the region remains slow.  

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Directors 

Company Secretary 

Annual Report 2021 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

Graham Duncan, Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
Harry Chathli, Independent Non-Executive Director 
Charles Yong Kai Yee, Executive Director 
Li Chun Chung, Executive Director 

Registered office of the Company 

Financial Adviser and Broker 

English Legal Advisers to the Company 

Cayman  Islands  Legal  Adviser  to  the 
Company 

Auditors  

Registrars 

Principal Bankers 

Financial PR 

MSP Secretaries Limited  
27/28 Eastcastle Street 
London W1W 8DH 

Genesis Building, 5th Floor 
Genesis Close, PO Box 446 
Cayman Islands, KY1-1106 

VSA Capital Limited 
Park House 
16-18 Finsbury Circus 
London EC2M 7EB 

Stephenson Harwood LLP 
18/F United Centre 
95 Queensway 
Hong Kong 

Conyers Dill & Pearman 
Cricket Square 
Hutchins Drive 
P.O. Box 2681 
Grand Cayman KY1-1111 
Cayman Islands  

Haysmacintyre LLP 
10 Queen Street Place  
London EC4R 1AG 

Computershare Investor Services (Cayman) Limited 
The R&H Trust Co. Ltd. 
Winward 1, Regatta Office Park 
West Bay Road Grand Cayman KY1-1103 
Cayman Island  

DBS Bank (Hong Kong) Limited 
18th Floor, The Center 
99 Queen’s Road Central 
Central Hong Kong 

Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited 
Bank of China Tower 
1 Garden Road 
Central Hong Kong 

Luther Pendragon 
48 Gracechurch Street 
London EC3V 0EJ 

Company Website 

www.aiqhub.com  

50