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AIQ Limited

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FY2022 Annual Report · AIQ Limited
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AIQ LIMITED 

(incorporated and registered under the Companies Law (as revised) of The Cayman Islands and registered 
number 327983.) 

Annual Report and Consolidated Financial Statements 

For the year ended 31 October 2022 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Contents 

Strategic Report – Chairman’s Statement 

Strategic Report – Executive Director’s Statement  

Directors’ Report 

Corporate Governance Report 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities  

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position  

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity  

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows  

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Company Information 

Annual Report 2022 

Page Number 

1 

2 

6 

10 

17 

18 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

STRATEGIC REPORT – CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present my first annual report and financial statements of AIQ Limited 
as  Chairman  for  the  year  ended  31  October  2022.  The  Board  would  like  to  take  this  opportunity  to  thank 
Graham Duncan, my predecessor, for his leadership and guidance since the Company came to the market 
and we wish him all the best for the future. 

We entered the year having decided to pivot, following a strategic review towards the end of 2021, to focus on 
the provision of IT consultancy services to customers who deliver blockchain technology and digital assets, 
such as non-fungible tokens (“NFTs”). As described in the Executive Director’s report, the Group had some 
success during 2022 in capitalising on the lack of IT solutions providers in Asia that specialise in the delivery 
of blockchain platforms, and to take advantage of the increasing popularity of decentralised finance and NFTs 
in the region. As part of this process, we formed partnerships with key solutions providers and completed a 
key contract to project manage the supply of a decentralised finance exchange (“DeFi DEX”) to a customer 
based in Australia.     

While there have been initial signs of progress during 2022 and subsequently, revenue generation remains 
low  as  the  environment  for  NFT  projects  comes  under  pressure.  We  continue  to  receive  interest  and  are 
hopeful  of  generating  growth for the full year,  but we  expect this to  be second-half weighted based  on our 
pipeline, with revenue for the six months to 30 April 2023 anticipated to be lower than H1 2022. Consequently, 
the Board continues to closely monitor the cash position and forecasts, and to contain expenditure levels. This 
includes,  for  example,  taking  the  decision,  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  to  put  all  activity  relating  to  the 
OctaPLUS  e-commerce  platform  on  hold.  In  addition,  to  support  our  working  capital  as  we  execute  on  the 
strategy outlined above, we raised £500,000 in January 2022 through the issue of unsecured convertible loan 
notes to our largest shareholders and our Executive Director, Li Chun Chung.   

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank all of our shareholders for their continued support and we hope to 
be able to provide an update on progress with our strategy in due course.     

Harry Chathli 
Non-Executive Chairman 
28 February 2023 

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

STRATEGIC REPORT – EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S STATEMENT  

Below I review the Group’s operational and financial performance for the year ended 31 October 2022.  

Operational Review  

Our largest project during the year was the delivery of a contract, which had been secured at the end of the 
previous year, to supply a DeFi DEX to a customer based in Australia. For this project, we performed the role 
of  project  manager  and  subcontracted  the  technical  delivery  (such  that  the  net  benefit  to  the  Group  is  the 
margin earned on the contract). The majority of the project was delivered during the first half, with completion 
occurring in the second half of the year. 

We took our first step into the NFT marketplace with the award of a contract to supply an NFT platform designed 
to enable art schools and education centres in Hong Kong to assist their students in publishing NFTs  on a 
blockchain platform. We commenced delivery during the year and completed it post period. As with the DeFi 
DEX,  we  performed  the  role  of  project  manager  herein  as  well.  The  platform  is  fully  operational  and  the 
customer is expected to engage the Group to administer and maintain the portal for 12 months. We are also 
in discussions with the customer regarding expanding the coverage of the platform from its current focus on 
Hong Kong to other regions. 

We also continued to secure and deliver ICT projects (not blockchain related) in our regular IT consultancy 
business in Hong Kong. However, this business only accounts for a small proportion of our revenue and is not 
a focus of our strategy.   

An important focus for us during the year was seeking to establish partnerships to enable us to expand our 
network and our offer. This resulted in a number of collaborations that supported the delivery of the projects 
mentioned above as well as some exciting prospects for 2023. In particular, we are having positive discussions 
with  potential  partnerships  that  would  expand  our  offer  to  customers  wishing  to  build  infrastructure  for  the 
Blockchain-based  Service  Network  (BSN)  Spartan  Network.  The  BSN  Spartan  Network,  which  was  beta 
launched in September 2022, is a public infrastructure network that provides non-cryptocurrency blockchain 
services and is based on data centre software, which is open source, free and anonymous for anyone to install. 
By removing cryptocurrencies, the BSN Spartan Network aims to make this infrastructure available to any IT 
system globally. While it is early days, we have received interest from several potential customers in this area.    

Financial Review  

Revenue for the twelve months to 31 October 2022 was £498,388, compared with £61,863 for the previous 
year, a period in which sales were severely impacted by the pandemic. The revenue was primarily based on 
the delivery of the DeFi DEX contract, which accounted for £438,824, with £35,141 from the NFT contract and 
a £22,331 contribution from IT projects in Hong Kong.  

The Group recognised a gross  profit of £113,926 compared with a gross  loss of £188,807 for the previous 
year. This reflects the significantly higher revenues and lower staff costs directly engaged on projects.  

Administrative expenses were reduced to £682,722 (2021: £864,601) as the Group implemented cost control 
measures. The Group recognised a net gain on foreign exchange of £74,031 (2021: £126,698 loss) due to the 
strengthening of the Malaysian Ringgit, HK Dollar and US Dollar against the Pound during the year. However, 
this  was  counteracted  by  an  impairment  charge  of  £133,682  related  to  expenditure  on  improvements  in 
furniture  and  fixtures  in  the  Group’s  Malaysian  office  where  the  lease  is  due  to  expire  in  July  2023  and  a 
decision has not yet been taken as to whether it will be renewed. While the lease may be renewed, the Group 
has taken the prudent approach of brining the value of those assets down to £nil. 

Even  with  the  impairment  charge,  the  lower  expenses  and  gain  on  foreign  exchange  together  with  higher 
revenues combined to reduce operating loss for the year to £616,245 (2021: £1,180,106 loss). 

Net finance costs were £24,934 compared with £14,806 for the previous year. The increase was due to interest 
on loan notes in the current year. 

Loss before tax for the year was reduced to £640,906 (2021: £1,192,820 loss) and the loss per share to 1.0 
pence (2021: 1.8 pence loss per share).  

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

The Group had cash and cash equivalents of £636,459 at 31 October 2022 (31 October 2021: £581,618). This 
follows the Group raising £500,000 in January 2022 from the issue of convertible loan notes (“Loan Notes”). 
The Loan Notes are classified as non-current liabilities as the noteholders have confirmed  to the Company 
that they do not intend to convert the Loan Notes in the next 12 months. 

Key Performance Indicators 

The following key performance indicators (“KPIs”) have been selected as the most appropriate measures of 
strategy execution for the Group. The Directors review the KPIs on an ongoing basis to ensure they remain 
relevant:  

•  Revenue 

Reflects  the  element  of  billings  generated  and  recognised  during  the  period  from  all  operations  and 
measures the Group’s overall performance at a sales level. Revenues for the year to 31 October 2022 
totalled £498,388 (2021: £61,863). This reflects the increase in revenue from a neglible base as the Group 
began to implement its new strategy following the strategic review undertaken in the prior year. 

• 

• 

Pipeline sales 
The  Company  tracks  the  number  of  qualified  sales  opportunities  (that  is,  the  prospective  buyer  has  a 
credible intent to purchase) and projected sales value. As the Group is at an early stage in the pursuit of 
its new strategy, the number of new opportunities is an important indicator of the potential success of that 
strategy. The projected sales value represents the health of that pipeline. As as at the date of the signing 
of these financial statements, the Group’s pipeline is larger than at the same point in the prior year.   

Administrative expenses 
Indirect expenditure on running the business, which reflects cost effectiveness and cost management and 
which is of key importance while the Group is developing its revenue streams. Administrative expenses 
for the year were reduced to £682,722 (2021: £864,601).  

•  Cash 

The Company’s cash balance provides a measure of the Group’s financial strength and self-sufficiency 
to support operations while revenue streams are still in development. As as at year end, cash and cash 
equivalents were £636,459 (31 October 2021: £581,618), which reflects the Group’s losses being offset 
by the raising of £500,000 from the issue of convertible loans.  

The Company’s accounting systems track performance on a monthly basis, focusing in particular on revenue 
generation, development and marketing expenditure and working capital needs. 

Going Concern 

The Group incurred losses of £641k during the year and experienced operating cash outflows of £326k. As at 31 
October 2022, the Group had net current assets of £469k and cash of £636k. The Group’s cash position was 
approximately £486k at 31 January 2023.  

During the year, the Company raised £500k through the issue of unsecured convertible loan notes to three existing 
shareholders as more fully described in Note 23 to the financial statements.  

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. 

In assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, the Directors take into account all available 
information for the foreseeable future, in particular for the 12 months from the date of approval of the financial 
statements, and perform scenario planning thereon. This information includes management prepared cash flows 
forecasts for the Group. The Directors have assessed that to meet its forecasted cash requirements, the Group is 
dependent on cash generated from  the successful winning of revenue contracts and/or further funding. Whilst 
there is no indication at the date of signing of these financial statements that these new revenue contracts will not 
be forthcoming, there can be no certainty that it will be successful.  

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

Based on the new contract win and successful cost management in the current year and significant prospective 
customer pipeline, the Directors are confident that the Group will be able to generate sufficient resources to meet 
liabilities as they fall due for at least 12 months from the date of approval of the financial statements. Accordingly, 
the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments that 
would result if the Group was unable to continue as a going concern.  

The auditors make reference to going concern by way of material uncertainty within their audit report. 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties  

The  Directors  consider  the  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Group  and  a  summary  of  the  key 
measures taken to mitigate those risks are as follows: 

Financial 

The  key  financial  risk  is  that  of  funding  the  continued  development  of  the  business  with  the  current  cash 
reserves whilst protecting shareholder value. The Board manages this risk by maintaining close oversight of 
the  cash  position  to  enable  it  to  take  action  as  necessary.  Taking  its  cash  position  into  account  and  the 
forecasts  and  projections,  as  well  as  possible  mitigating  actions  available  to  the  Group,  the  Directors  are 
satisfied that the Company and the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future and for a period of not less than 12 months from the date of signing the financial statements. 
Further  discussion  of  the  Group’s  financial  risk  management  can  be  found  in  Note  24  to  the  financial 
statements. 

Strategy 

The  success  of  the  Group’s  business  strategy  is  dependent  on  growing  the  Group’s  initiative  to  be  an  IT 
solutions provider to creators of NFTs and decentralised finance companies. If the decentralised finance and 
NFT market does not grow as expected, this would have a detrimental  impact on the Company’s  ability to 
deliver its strategy. To mitigate this risk, the Group continues to seek opportunities through partnerships and 
association outside of the NFT sector. 

Legal and regulatory 

While decentralised finance and NFT issuance is growing rapidly globally, the legal and regulatory treatment 
of these continues to evolve and could evolve to render them a commercially unviable business proposition 
should  governments  deem  the  risk  to  the  capital  of  their  citizens  too  high  a  price  to  pay  and  increase 
regulations.  To  mitigate  this  risk,  the  Group  intends    to  operate  its  business  in  territories  where  there  are 
already robust laws in place that could be applied to this nascent market.  

Competition 

The success of the Group is dependent on its ability to secure and deliver IT consultancy projects. The key 
risk to these activities is competition from other IT service providers, which may prevent the Group from winning 
business and/or result in pricing pressure. 

The Group manages this risk through its business development and product functions tracking the activities of 
its competitors and this insight is used by management to quickly adapt the go-to-market strategy. The Group 
always  seeks  to  differentiate  itself  from  the  competition  and  has  increased  its  focus  on  product  marketing, 
pricing and packaging to support this. In addition, the Group intends to continue to enhance its service provision 
and product portfolio through a mix of internal development, forming partnerships and making acquisitions.   

Suppliers 

Another key operational risk is non-supply by a major supplier. Some of the Group’s technical infrastructure 
and software is sourced from third-party suppliers and partners. The removal from the market of one or more 
of these third-party suppliers or interruption in supply could quickly and adversely affect the Group’s operations 
and  result  in  the  loss  of  revenue  or  additional  expenditure.  To  mitigate  this  risk,  the  Group’s  business 
development  and  management  teams  work  strategically  to  prevent  over  reliance  on  any  one  key  supplier. 
Suppliers are carefully selected to minimise risk of supplier failure or insolvency and the Group ensures that 
team members are aware of supplier requirements or restrictions to minimise the risk of loss of a supplier due 
to  a  breach  of  contractual  obligations.  In  addition,  the  Group  is  seeking  to  form  business  partnerships  to 
enhance its offerings but also help to ensure its ‘production capability’. 

4 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

People 

Annual Report 2022 

The key risk to the Group’s ability  to  deliver IT consultancy projects  is ineffective succession  planning and 
failure to retain skills. The Group operates in very competitive markets and the skills that its employees possess 
are attractive to other employers. Not having the right people and skills could negatively impact the Group’s 
ability to service its customers and grow the business. It is important that the Group maintains high levels of 
employee engagement to ensure that it is able to retain and attract the best talent. Employee engagement is 
monitored along with attrition rates in order to identify issues and, where necessary, take restorative action.  

Li Chun Chung 
Executive Director 
28 February 2023 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT  

Annual Report 2022 

The Directors present their report on the Group, together with the audited consolidated financial statements of 
the Group, for the year ended 31 October 2022. 

Principal activities 

The principal activity of the Company is to seek acquisition opportunities and to act as a holding company for a 
group of subsidiaries that are involved in the technology sector. The Group’s current operating entity is Alcodes 
International.  

The Group is an information technology (IT) solutions provider, currently focused on the delivery of blockchain 
platforms in Asia through the provision of IT consultancy. 

Results and dividends 

The results of the Group are set out in detail in the financial statements.  

The Directors do not propose to recommend a dividend for the year ended 31 October 2022. Given the losses 
incurred to date, it is unlikely that the Board will recommend a dividend in the near-term.  

Business review and future developments  

Details  of  the  business  activities  and  developments  made  during  the  period  can  be  found  in  the  Strategic 
Report.  

Financial instruments and risk management 

Disclosures  regarding  financial  instruments  are  provided  within  the  Strategic  Report  and  Note  24  to  the 
financial statements. 

Capital structure and issue of shares 

Details of the Company’s share capital are set out in Note 20 to the financial statements. The Company has 
one class of ordinary shares, which carry no right to fixed income.  

Post balance sheet events 

There are no significant or disclosable post balance sheet events. 

Directors  

The Directors of the Company who have served during the year and to the date of this report (unless otherwise 
stated) are: 

Director 

Role 

Date of 
appointment 

Board 
Committee 

Harry Chathli* 
Dwight Mighty 
Charles Yong Kai Yee 
Li Chun Chung 

Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
Independent Non-Executive Director 
Executive Director 
Executive Director 

09/01/2018 
06/10/2022 
26/03/2020 
30/12/2020 

N/A/R 
N/A/R 

Graham Duncan** 

Independent Non-Executive Chairman 

09/01/2018 

N/A/R 

* Assumed the role of Chairman of the Company on 6 October 2022, having previously been a Non-Executive Director 
** Resigned 6 October 2022 

Board  Committee  abbreviations:  N  =  Nomination  Committee;  A  =  Audit  Committee;  R  =  Remuneration 
Committee 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

The Board comprises two executive and two non-executive directors. Details of the current Directors are: 

Harry Chathli, Independent Non-Executive Chairman 

Mr  Chathli  is  a  capital  markets  specialist  with  significant  experience  in  advising  global  companies, 
organisations and government agencies. Currently, he is a director of Gracechurch Group, an independent 
communications consultancy, and a number of early-stage businesses. He is also a Non-executive Director of 
AIM-listed BiON plc. 

For over 20 years he has been advising public companies listed on the London Stock Exchange’s Main Market 
and on AIM as well as on NASDAQ and other international bourses.  This includes working on international 
M&A deals, IPOs, MBOs, crisis communications as well as financial PR starting in 1998 at Brunswick Group, 
a global partnership advising on business critical issues to companies worldwide. In 2004, he established a 
financial PR company, Corfin, which was acquired by Luther Pendragon in 2011. After eight years at Luther, 
he conducted an MBO to set up the company now trading as Gracechurch Group. Prior to his career in financial 
PR,  Harry  worked  for  Adam  Smith  International,  a  global  advisory  and  consulting  business,  advising 
governments in emerging nations with their economic reform policies. 

Li Chun Chung, Executive Director 

Mr Li has  over 20 years’ experience in assisting companies with  their strategic  growth. As  an  experienced 
investment  consultant  and  Certified  Financial  Planner,  he  began  his  career  working  for  several  financial 
planning  and  wealth  management  consultancies  based  in  Hong  Kong.  Since  2016,  Mr  Li  has  provided 
business advisory and mentorship services to companies across a range of industries related to e-commerce 
and digital business primarily in Australia and China. This includes helping companies prepare for the public 
market;  overseeing  development  such  as  through  business  model  construction  and  optimisation,  company 
reorganisation and recruitment; fundraising; and assisting with establishing a digital business presence.  

Charles Yong Kai Yee, Executive Director 

Charles  Yong  Kai  Yee  is  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Founder  of  Alchemist  Codes.  He  founded  Alchemist 
Codes  in  2018  and  his  initial  efforts  were  focused  around  the  development  of  an  enterprise  messaging 
applications for corporate users. Prior to founding Alchemist Codes, Charles was the lead developer of MM 
Intelligence Technology Sdn Bhd where he headed a CMS system project and was responsible for managing 
and leading a team of mobile and backend developers and performing Research & Development on related 
new  technologies.  In  2012,  Charles  was  the  Senior  Design  Engineer  at  Itrimech  Technology  (M)  Sdn  Bhd 
where he was actively involved in leading and delivering large scale Internet of Things applications for multiple 
institutions and corporations in Malaysia, including Taylor University and Sunway Group. Charles obtained a 
Bachelor’s  degree  in  Engineering  with  First  Class  Honours  in  Electrical  Engineering  from  the  University  of 
Bradford, UK. 

Dwight Mighty, Independent Non-Executive Director 

Mr Mighty holds an MBA in Finance from Henley Management College and is an Associate of the Chartered 
Institute of Bankers in England. He is currently a Non-Executive Director of Hawkwing plc, a cash shell listed 
on London Stock Exchange’s Main Market. Dwight specialises in private company and private equity advisory, 
with a focus of the leisure/sport and media sectors. He has spent over 15 years in the private equity sector, 
latterly as a senior director with Gresham Private Equity and prior to this with HSBC Private Equity. He was 
one of the founders of AIM-listed company, TLA Worldwide plc, a sports marketing and management business, 
where he was Chief Operating Officer until 2019. 

Directors’ interests in shares 

Directors’ interests in the shares of the Company as at 31 October 2022 and as at the date of this report are 
disclosed below. There are no requirements for Directors to hold shares in the Company.   

Director 

Ordinary Shares held 

% held 

Harry Chathli 
Charles Yong Kai Yee 
Li Chun Chung 
Dwight Mighty 

- 
1,679,755 
1,425,500 
 - 

- 
2.59 
2.20 
- 

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

In addition, Li Chun Chung holds convertible loan notes worth £250,000. If converted, based on the Company’s 
share price prevailing as at the date of this report, Li Chun Chung would be issued with 2,272,727 ordinary 
shares, which would result in his shareholding increasing to 3,698,227 ordinary shares, representing 5.34% of 
the Company’s enlarged issued share capital. Further details on the loan notes can be found in Note 23 to the 
financial statements.   

Substantial interests 

Name 

Number of ordinary shares 

Percentage of issued share 
capital 

GBS Infinity Holding Ltd1 
ML Infinity Holding Ltd2 
Soctech Capital Fund3 
JIM Nominees 
Securities Services Nominees Ltd 

11,766,650 
11,766,650 
8,398,876 
6,421,029 
6,300,817 

18.17 
18.17 
12.97 
9.92 
9.73 

1 GBS Infinity Holding Ltd is wholly and beneficially owned by Soon Beng Gee. In addition, Soon Beng Gee holds convertible 
loan notes worth £125,000, which if converted as at the date of this report, would result in him being issued with 1,136,364 
ordinary shares, bringing his total holding to 12,903,014 ordinary shares representing 18.62% of the Company’s enlarged 
issued share capital.  
2  ML  Infinity  Holding  Ltd  is  wholly  and  beneficially  owned  by  Lee  Chong  Liang.  In  addition,  Lee  Chong  Liang  holds 
convertible loan notes worth £125,000, which if converted as at the date of this report, would result in  him being issued 
with  1,136,364  ordinary  shares,  bringing  his  total  holding  to  12,903,014  ordinary  shares  representing  18.62%  of  the 
Company’s enlarged issued share capital.   
3 Soctech Capital Fund is wholly and beneficially owned by Teon Tiek Wah, who, combined with holdings in his own name, 
has a total interest in the Company of 8,786,516 ordinary shares representing 13.57% of the Company’s issued share 
capital. 

Except as referred to above, the Directors are not aware of any person who, as at the date of this report, was 
interested in 3% or more of the issued share capital of the Company or could directly or indirectly, jointly or 
severally, exercise control.  

Donations 

No political or charitable donations have been made in the period. 

Provision of information to auditors 
Each of the persons who are Directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that: 

• 

so far as that Director is aware, there is no information relevant to the audit of which the Company's 
auditors are unaware; and 

•  each Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware 
of any information needed by the Company's auditors in connection with preparing their report and to 
establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information. 

Independent auditors  
A resolution for the appointment of PKF Littlejohn LLP as auditor of the Company is to be proposed at the next 
Annual General Meeting. 

Duty to promote the success of the Company 

The likely consequences of any decisions in the long-term 

In making its decisions, the Board considers its priority of making the Group profitable alongside the interests 
of our staff and the need to keep pace with market initiatives and technological changes so the business is 
appropriately positioned to take best advantage of market conditions and remain viable for the long-term.  

Engagement with employees 

The Group's policy is to consult and engage with employees, by way of meetings and through personal contact 
by Executive Directors and other senior executives, on matters likely to affect employees' interests. Information 
on matters of concern to employees is given in meetings, handouts, letters and reports, which seek to achieve 
a common awareness on the part of all employees on the financial and economic factors affecting the Group's 
performance. We maintain oversight of their performance through a development review process. We value 
our employees’ thoughts and ideas and two-way communication is actively sought and encouraged.  

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

Business relationships with customers, suppliers and others 

Our customers, suppliers and business partners are key to the long-term success of our business. We seek to 
maintain and  grow our relationships  with  all parties through regular dialogue as  a means of  enhancing our 
reputation and to help us achieve our growth ambitions. We set out our relationship with our business partners 
in terms of business or service level agreements. We maintain oversight of these arrangements as well as 
making sure our customers receive appropriate levels of feedback. 

The impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment 

AIQ seeks to be a responsible member of its community and take its environmental impact into account. 

The desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct 

We communicate with shareholders through financial results on a yearly and half-yearly basis. We also provide 
the required press releases to ensure compliance with the Listing Rules.  

Annual General Meeting 

The Company will issue notice of its Annual General Meeting for 2023 in due course. 

Signed by order of the Board 

Li Chun Chung 
Executive Director 
28 February 2023 

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AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The Board of AIQ Limited considers sound governance to be a critical component of the Company’s success 
and  understands  that  it  is  the  Board’s  job  to  ensure  that,  through  good  decision-making,  the  Company  is 
managed for the long-term benefit of all its stakeholders.  

The Board has endeavoured to establish financial controls and reporting procedures that are appropriate given 
the size, early stage and structure of the Group. The Board reviews these controls regularly and adjusts as 
required.  

The  Board  meets regularly throughout the year  (either in person or by video conference call).  Additionally, 
special  meetings will take  place or other arrangements will be made when Board decisions are required  in 
advance of regular meetings.  

During  the  year  ended  31  October  2022,  a  total  of  13  Board  meetings  were  held.  All  Directors  were  in 
attendance at these meetings, either in person or by video conference call, except for one meeting where Li 
Chun Chung was absent.  

Corporate Governance Code 

The Company is not required to adopt the UK Corporate Governance Code (the “Code”), as a company with 
a standard listing.  The Company has not adopted the Code, but has chosen to follow certain guidelines of the 
Code that the Directors consider are appropriate for the size of the Company at present. 

The  corporate  governance  structures  and  practices  will  be  kept  under  review  and  communicated  to 
shareholders as changes are required and made. 

The Directors consider each of Harry Chathli and Dwight Mighty to be independent. Whilst the business has 
been at early stage, it has not been considered appropriate to appoint a full-time FD/CFO. Accordingly, Graham 
Duncan Limited, a company controlled by Graham Duncan, who was Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
of  the  Company  during  the  year  until  his  resignation  on  6  October  2022,  provided  support  during  the  year 
under review to the Group’s finance team in this area as a means of controlling costs. This appointment was 
approved  by  the  Board  independently  of  Graham  Duncan,  and  the  Board  continued  to  consider  Graham 
Duncan as independent in character and judgement. 

The  Board  has  an  audit  committee,  remuneration  committee  and  nomination  committee  with  formally 
delegated duties and responsibilities, as described below. 

Board of Directors 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  formulating,  reviewing  and  approving  the  Company’s  strategy,  budgets  and 
corporate actions.  

In accordance with the early stage of the Company’s development, the Board conducts an informal evaluation 
of its performance, which includes identifying the Board’s ability to assess the operating environment, think 
strategically and adapt as necessary. As the Company develops and its operations expand, the Board intends 
to adopt a more comprehensive and formal performance evaluation process. 

It is the responsibility of the Chairman and the Company Secretary to ensure that Board members receive 
sufficient and timely information regarding corporate and business issues to enable them to discharge their 
duties.  

The Board considers that there is an appropriate balance between the Executive and Non-Executive Directors 
and that no individual or small group dominates the Board’s decision making. The Board’s members have a 
wide range of expertise. 

The Company requires each Director to devote as much time to their duties and responsibilities as is necessary 
to conduct those duties and responsibilities on behalf of the Company. Li Chun Chung, Executive Director, is 
full-time and the Non-Executive Directors provide their services on a part-time basis. Charles Yong Kai Yee, 
Executive Director, was full-time until June 2021 and subsequently provides his services on a part-time basis 
as required.    

Ensuring that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

The Directors also expect to receive technical updates, compliance and governance training as needed by 
attending courses  and relevant  events to stay up to  date  in terms of regulatory  changes  and technological 
developments. 

10 

 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

The  Board  is  satisfied  that,  between  the  Directors,  it  has  an  appropriate  balance  of  up-to-date  skills  and 
experience for the Company’s stage of development. Additional experience will be added as and when it is 
considered necessary. Biographical details of the Directors are included in the Directors’ Report above. 

Appointment, removal and re-election of Directors  

The  Board  makes  decisions  regarding  the  appointment  and  removal  of  Directors,  and  there  is  a  formal 
procedure for appointments.   

In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association, there is no requirement for Directors to retire from 
office by rotation.  

There is a minimum requirement of two Directors who have the power to fill a vacancy on the Board, or to add 
another Board member. 

The Executive Directors were appointed for a minimum period of twenty-four months, after which the service 
agreement may be terminated by either party giving not less than three months’ prior written notice. The Non-
Executive Directors have signed service agreements that contain notice periods of  three months. There are 
no financial provisions for termination.  

All Directors are able to take independent professional advice in the furtherance of their duties, if necessary, 
at  the  Company’s  expense.  In  addition,  the  Directors  have  direct  access  to  the  advice  and  services  of  the 
Company Secretary. 

Directors’ responsibilities 

The Board comprises two executive and two non-executive directors. All Directors bring a wide range of skills 
and  international  experience  to  the  Board.  The  Non-Executive  Directors  may  hold  meetings  without  the 
Executive Directors present. The Non-Executive Chairman is primarily responsible for the working of the Board 
of the Company and oversight of Corporate Governance. The Executive Directors are primarily responsible for 
the running of the business and implementation of the Board's strategy and policy.  

High-level strategic decisions are discussed and taken by the full Board. Investment decisions are taken by 
the full Board. Operational decisions are taken by the  Executive Directors within the framework approved in 
the annual financial plan and within a framework of Board-approved authorisation levels. 

The Board regulations define a framework of high-level authorities that map the structure of delegation below 
Board level, as well as specifying issues that remain the Board’s preserve. The Board typically try to meet at 
least  each  month  (either  in  person  or  by  conference  call),  with  the  Company  Secretary  in  attendance,  to 
consider a formal schedule of matters including the operating performance of the business and to review the 
Company’s financial plan and business model. 

It is the responsibility of the Chairman and the Company Secretary to ensure that Board members receive 
sufficient and timely information regarding corporate and business issues to enable them to discharge their 
duties.  

Strategy and business model 

The  Group  is  focused  on  the  provision  of  IT  consultancy  for  the  delivery  of  blockchain  platforms  and  in 
technology areas such as digital assets. The Group is targeting the Asian, Indian and Australasian markets 
where the Directors believe that blockchain platforms and digital assets are most developed and where the 
Group can capitalise on the lack of IT solutions providers specialising in these technology areas. The Group 
performs the role of project manager for its contracts, with the technical delivery being subcontracted. 

Meeting shareholders’ needs and expectations 

The  Directors  seek  to  build  on  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders by offering meetings to discuss long-term issues and receive feedback, and issuing updates to 
the market as appropriate. The Board also seeks to use the Annual General Meeting to communicate with its 
shareholders, who are encouraged to attend, and to meet and ask questions of Directors and to discuss the 
development of the business.  

The Company operates a website at www.aiqhub.com. The website contains details of the Company and its 
activities;  regulatory  announcements;  interim  financial  statements,  preliminary  statements  and  Annual 
Reports.  

Shareholder relations are managed primarily by the  Chairman with the support of Gracechurch Group. The 
Board is also kept informed of shareholder views and concerns through its Financial Adviser, Guild Financial 
Advisory Limited.  

11 

 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

Each of the Directors is available to meet with shareholders (in person or via video conference) if required to 
discuss issues of importance or concern. 

Our stakeholders 

Our key stakeholders include shareholders, suppliers, regulators and creditors. The principal ways in which 
their  feedback  is  gathered  are  via  one-to-one  meetings  and  conversations  with  stakeholders  with  an  open 
dialogue.  In  particular,  shareholders  may  communicate  directly  with  the  Chairman  and  the  Directors.  In  all 
cases, the Company’s ethos is to act on feedback and to respond in a timely manner.   

The Board does not support discrimination of any form, positive or negative, and all appointments are based 
solely on merit.  

Risk management – Internal controls 

In applying the principle that the Board should maintain a system of internal control to safeguard shareholders’ 
investment and the Company’s assets, the Directors recognise that they have overall responsibility for ensuring 
that  the  Company  maintains  systems  to  provide  them  with  reasonable  assurance  regarding  effective  and 
efficient  operations,  internal  control  and  compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  and  for  reviewing  the 
effectiveness  of  those  systems.  However,  there  are  inherent  limitations  in  any  system  of  control  and 
accordingly even the most effective system can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance against 
material  misstatement or loss, and that the system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of 
failure to achieve the business objectives.  

The Company has a documented framework of financial and non-financial procedures, but it does not currently 
maintain a risk register. The key features of the internal control system are described below:  

-  Financial controls  

The Board takes responsibility for reviewing and approving all financial budgets and business plans. These 
are reviewed and updated where necessary to reflect changes in the business environment or internal strategy 
changes.  

The Company has implemented control procedures designed to ensure complete and accurate accounting for 
financial transactions and to limit the exposure to loss of assets and fraud.  

The Board is supported by the Audit Committee in respect of its responsibilities to prepare financial reports to 
shareholders. This includes an assessment of the appropriateness of key accounting policies, internal controls 
and regulatory compliance. 

-  Non-financial controls  

Non-financial  controls  are  considered  as  important  as  financial  controls  and  these  encompass  risk 
management and fraud, IT and business continuity, regulatory compliance, health and safety and corporate 
social responsibility.  

The key elements of these non-financial controls are set out below: 

•  Control environment: the Company is committed to high standards of business conduct and there are 

also policies in place for the reporting and resolution of suspected fraudulent activities.  

•  Risk  identification:  Management  is  responsible  for  the  identification  and  evaluation  of  key  risks 
applicable  to  their  areas  of  business.  These  risks  are  assessed  on  a  continual  basis  –  however,  a 
formal risk register is not currently maintained – and may be associated with a variety of internal and 
external sources, including investment risk and regulatory requirements.  

The Audit Committee reviews the scope and scale of  any non-audit services undertaken by the auditors in 
order to ensure that their independence and objectivity is safeguarded. 

Market Abuse Regulations 

The Board recognises the importance of complying with the Market Abuse Regulations (“MAR’’) relating to the 
disclosure  of  inside  information  and  disclosure  of  deals  by  persons  discharging  managerial  responsibilities 
(“PDMR”) and persons closely associated (“PCA”). The Company has adopted an appropriate share dealing 
policy. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Anti-Corruption and Bribery Policy  

Annual Report 2022 

The Board recognises the importance of having and operating effective anti-corruption and bribery practices 
and safeguards. All Directors are bound by a code of conduct which covers anti-corruption and bribery.  

The Company’s internal control processes are reviewed at least annually as a means of ensuring they remain 
fit for purpose as the business evolves. 

Relations with shareholders 

The  Directors  seek  to  build  on  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders by being available to meet to discuss long-term issues and receive feedback. The Board also 
seeks to use the Annual General Meeting to communicate with its shareholders. 

Fair, balanced and understandable assessment of position and prospects 

The  Board  is  committed  to  presenting  fair,  balanced  and  comprehensible  assessments  of  the  Company’s 
position  and  prospects.  The  Board  has  applied  the  principles  of  good  governance  relating  to  Directors’ 
remuneration as described below. The Board has determined that there are no specific issues that need to be 
brought to the attention of shareholders.  

Board Committees 

The Board maintains three standing committees, being the Audit, Remuneration and Nomination Committees. 
The  minutes  of  all  sub-committees  are  circulated  for  review  and  consideration  by  all  relevant  Directors, 
supplemented by oral reports from the Committee Chairmen at Board meetings. 

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee comprises Dwight Mighty, who chairs the Committee, and Harry Chathli. During the year 
under  review,  Graham  Duncan  was  chair  of  the  Committee  until  his  resignation  on  6  October  2022,  when 
Dwight Mighty assumed  the role  following his appointment to the Board that  day. The Committee held  two 
meetings during the year ended 31 October 2022, which were held to approve the annual report for the period 
ended 31 October 2021 and interim report for the six months ended 30 April 2022. Further details on the Audit 
Committee are provided below in the Report of the Audit Committee. 

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee comprises Harry Chathli, who chairs the committee, and Dwight Mighty. During 
the year under review, Graham Duncan was a member of the Committee until his resignation on 6 October 
2022,  which  coincided  with  Dwight  Mighty  being  appointed  that  day.  There  were  no  meetings  of  the 
Remuneration Committee held during the financial year. Further details on the Remuneration Committee are 
provided below in the Report of the Remuneration Committee. 

Nomination Committee 

The Nomination Committee comprises Harry Chathli, who chairs the Committee, and Dwight Mighty. During 
the year under review, Graham Duncan was a member of the Committee until his resignation on 6 October 
2022, which coincided with Dwight Mighty being appointed that day. There were no meetings of the Nomination 
Committee held during the financial year. Further details on the Nomination Committee are provided below in 
the Report of the Nomination Committee. 

Report of the Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee has written terms of reference and provides a mechanism through which the Board can 
maintain the integrity of the financial statements of the Company and any formal announcements relating to 
its financial performance; to review the Company’s internal financial controls and its internal control and risk 
management  systems;  and  to  make  recommendations  to  the  Board  in  relation  to  the  appointment  of  the 
external auditor, their remuneration  both  for audit  and non-audit work, the nature, scope and results of the 
audit and the cost effectiveness, independence and objectivity of the auditors. Provision is made by the Audit 
Committee to meet the auditors at least twice a year.  

The Group is still at an early stage of its development and is reliant on the Audit Committee to perform various 
reporting  requirements  particularly  with  regards  the  preparation  of  supporting  accounting  papers  for  audit 
purposes. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

During the year, the Group reviewed all of its suppliers to identify potential cost savings. The Audit Committee 
requested proposals and indications of fees from three auditors – including the then-incumbent auditor. The 
Audit Committee decided to appoint PKF Littlejohn LLP (“PKF”) on the basis of capability, capacity and cost. 

The Audit Committee reviewed, considered and agreed the scope and methodology of the audit work to be 
undertaken by the external auditors and fees and agreed the terms of engagement for the audit of the financial 
statements for the year ended 31 October 2022. PKF have completed the audit for the year ended 30 October 
2022 and their appointment will be formally put before shareholders at the next AGM. 

Significant  matters  considered  by  the  Audit  Committee  during  the  year  included  change  in  auditor  and  the 
auditor’s scope and methodology for the audit of the financial statements, in particular determining the areas 
at greatest risk of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud or poor internal controls). This included 
consideration  of  risks  that  might  impact  results  for  the  period,  impairment  reviews,  the  going  concern 
assessment, net assets at the end of the period and the disclosures in the financial statements.   

Following  the  Audit  Committee’s  recommendation,  the  Board  considers  the  internal  control  system  to  be 
adequate  for  the  Company.  The  Audit  Committee  reviews  the  scope  and  scale  of  the  non-audit  services 
undertaken  by  the  auditors  in  order  to  ensure  that  their  independence  and  objectivity  is  safeguarded.  The 
Directors recognise the business will increase in complexity as it grows and they will review the internal control 
system to ensure it responds to any change. 

Report of the Remuneration Committee 

The  Remuneration  Committee  monitors  the  remuneration  policies  of  the  Company  to  ensure  that  they  are 
consistent with its business objectives. Its terms of reference include the recommendation and execution of 
policy on Director and executive management remuneration and for reporting decisions made to the Board. 
The Committee determines the individual remuneration package of the executive management of the Board. 
During  the  year,  Li  Chun  Chung,  Executive  Director,  and  Ng  Chun  Fai,  Senior  Manager,  took  a  voluntary 
reduction in fees of 50% effective 1 February 2022. This followed a voluntary reduction of 20% in the previous 
financial year, which was backdated from 1 May 2021.  

The duties of the Committee are to: 

•  determine  and  agree  with  the  Board  the  framework  or  broad  policy  for  the  remuneration  of  the 
Chairman, Executive Directors, Non-Executive Directors and any employees that the Board delegates 
to it; 

•  within the terms of the agreed policy, determine individual remuneration packages including bonuses, 

incentive payments, share options, pension arrangements and any other benefits; 

•  determine the contractual terms on termination and individual termination payments, ensuring that the 

duty of the individual to mitigate loss is fully recognised; 

• 

in  determining  individual  packages  and  arrangements,  give  due  regard  to  the  comments  and 
recommendations of the Listing Rules; 

•  be told of and be given the chance to advise on any major changes in employee benefit structures in 

the Company; and 

• 

recommend  and  monitor  the  level  and  structure  of  remuneration  for  senior  managers  below  Board 
level as determined. 

The Committee is authorised by the Board to: 

• 

seek any information it requires from any employee of the Company in order to perform its duties; 

•  be responsible for establishing the selection criteria and then for selecting, appointing and setting the 
terms  of  reference  for  any  remuneration  consultants  providing  advice  to  the  Committee,  at  the 
Company’s expense; and 

•  obtain, at the Company’s expense, outside legal or other professional advice where necessary in the 

course of its activities. 

The Company’s Remuneration Policy is designed to provide remuneration packages to motivate and retain 
high-calibre executives and to attract new talent as required. The Committee takes into account the principles 
of sound risk management when setting pay and takes action to ensure that the remuneration structure at AIQ 
Limited does not encourage undue risk. The Remuneration Policy is unaudited. 

14 

 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Executive Directors’ fees 

Annual Report 2022 

Purpose – a core element of remuneration, used to attract and retain executive directors of the calibre required 
to develop and deliver our business strategy. 

Operation and opportunity – fees for executive directors are reviewed annually, although an out-of-cycle review 
may be conducted if the Remuneration Committee determines it appropriate. A review may not necessarily 
lead to an increase in fees.   

Performance measures or basis of payment – whilst there are no formal performance measures to determine 
fee levels, general individual and business performance are taken into account. For the executive directors, 
changes to fees may be made under certain circumstances such as increase in the scope or responsibility of 
an individual’s role.  

Non-Executive Directors’ fees 

Purpose – core element of remuneration paid for fulfilling the relevant role. 

Operation  – non-executive  directors receive  a basic fee,  paid quarterly in arrears, in respect of their  board 
duties. Further fees may be paid for chairmanship or membership of board committees. Additional fees may 
be paid for travelling regularly from overseas to board and committee meetings. Non-executive directors are 
not eligible for annual  bonus or other benefits. Expenses incurred  directly in performance  of non-executive 
duties for the Company may be reimbursed or paid directly on their behalf. 

Opportunity – current fee levels can be found below in the remuneration report. Fees are set at a level which 
is considered appropriate to attract or retain non-executive directors of the calibre required by the Company. 
Fee levels are normally set by reference to amounts paid to non-executive directors serving on the boards of 
similar sized UK-listed companies, taking into account the size, responsibility and time commitment of the role. 

Termination 

The Executive Directors were appointed for a minimum period of twenty-four months, after which the service 
agreement may be terminated by either party giving not less than three months’ prior written notice to the other 
party.  

Each of the Non-Executive Directors were appointed for a minimum period of twelve months, after which the 
service agreement may be terminated by either party giving not less than three months’ prior written notice to 
the other party.  

There are no additional financial provisions for termination.  

Annual remuneration  

The remuneration of the Directors for the year ended 31 October 2022 was as follows: 

Executive Directors 
Li Chun Chung 
Charles Yong Kai Yee 
Lee Chong Liang1 
Non-executive Directors 
Graham Duncan2 
Harry Chathli 
Dwight Mighty3 
Soon Beng Gee1 

1 Resigned on 30 December 2020 
2 Resigned on 6 October 2022 
3 Appointed on 6 October 2022 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 
£ 

Year ended 
31 October 
2021 
£ 

25,760 
31,200     

- 

35,420 
32,400     
8,050 

25,670 
23,000 
1,827 
- 

95,457 

31,050 
25,875 
- 
8,050 

140,845 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

All  of  the  above  amounts  comprised  fees  paid  in  accordance  with  each  Director’s  service  agreement.  No 
pension  contributions  or  other  allowances  were  paid.  None  of  the  above  remuneration  was  performance 
related. There are no additional financial provisions for termination.  

None of the Directors were entitled to any other cash or non-cash benefits or pension entitlements. There were 
outstanding monies owed at the year end to directors of £6,420 (2021: £7,666) 

Details of Directors’ shareholdings are disclosed in the Directors’ Report. 

In addition to the remuneration above, other costs incurred in relation to services provided by related parties 
of Directors (as detailed in Note 26 on related party transactions) were as follows: 

-  A total of £38,631 (2021: £41,000) was paid during the year to Gracechurch Group (formerly trading 
as Luther Pendragon) for financial PR services, a company in which Harry Chathli is a director and 
shareholder. 

-  A total of £Nil (2021: £11,000) was paid during the year to Graham Duncan Limited for accounting 
services in preparation of the interim financial statements, a company in which Graham Duncan is a 
director and shareholder. 

-  A  total  of  £16,500  (2021:  £9,500)  was  paid  to  Ever  Billions  International  Limited  for  general 

management services, a company in which Li Chun Chung is a director. 

-  Proceeds from sale of fixed assets of £512 was received from Wepin Digital Sdn Bhd in which Charles 

Yong Kai Yee is a Chief Technology Officer. 

There were no outstanding monies owed at the year end (2021: £Nil). 

Report of the Nomination Committee 

The function of the Nomination Committee is to provide a formal, rigorous and transparent procedure for the 
appointment of new directors to the Board. In carrying out its duties, the Nomination Committee is primarily 
responsible for: 

• 

identifying and nominating candidates to fill Board vacancies; 

•  evaluating the structure and composition of the Board with regard to the balance of skills, knowledge 

and experience and making recommendations accordingly; 

• 

reviewing the time requirements of Non-Executive Directors; 

•  giving full consideration to succession planning; and 

• 

reviewing the leadership of the Company. 

Signed by order of the Board 

Li Chun Chung 
Executive Director 
28 February 2023 

16 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES  

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  annual  report  and  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.   
The  Directors  of  the  Group  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  financial  information  in  accordance  with  UK 
adopted internal accounting standards (IFRSs).   

The Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing these 
financial statements, the Directors are required to:   

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;   

•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;   

• 

state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs; and   

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 

the Group will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Group’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group. 
They have general responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets 
of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.   

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information 
included  on  the  Company’s  website.  Legislation  in  the  Cayman  Island  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Directors’ Responsibility Statement Pursuant to Disclosure and Transparency Rules  

The Directors confirm to the best of their knowledge: 

• 

• 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs and give a true and fair view of the 
assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Group; and 

the management report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and 
the financial position of the Group, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that 
they face. 

Signed by order of the Board 

Li Chun Chung 
Executive Director 
28 February 2023 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF AIQ LIMITED 

Opinion 

We have audited the group financial statements of AIQ Limited (the ‘group’) for the year ended  31 October 
2022 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated Statement of 
Financial Position, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated Statement of Cash 
Flows  and  notes  to  the  group  financial  statements,  including  significant  accounting  policies.  The  financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and UK-adopted international 
accounting standards. 

In our opinion, the group financial statements: 

•  give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s affairs as at 31 October 2022 and of its loss for 

the year then ended; and 

•  have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. 

Basis for opinion 

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK)  (ISAs  (UK))  and 
applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the group financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
group  in  accordance  with  the  ethical  requirements  that  are  relevant  to  our  audit  of  the  group  financial 
statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled 
our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence 
we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We  draw  attention  to  note  3(c)  in  the  financial  statements,  which  indicates  that  the  Group  is  not  currently 
generating  substantial  revenues  and  therefore  an  operating  loss  and  operating  cash  outflows  have  been 
reported. New contract wins and / or further funding is required to meet liabilities as they fall due and whilst 
management are confident that these will occur and are in active discussions to secure new contracts, there 
is no guarantee that they will happen within the required timelines. As stated in note 3(c) , these events or 
conditions, along with the other matters as set forth in note 3(c), indicate that a material uncertainty exists that 
may cast significant doubt on the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not modified 
in respect of this matter. 

In auditing the group financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern 
basis of accounting in the preparation of the group financial statements is appropriate.  

Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the group’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting included: 

• 

• 

• 

consideration of the group’s objectives, policies and processes in managing its working capital as well 
as exposure to financial, credit and liquidity risks;  
reviewing  management’s  going  concern  memorandum  and  assessment  and  discussing  with 
management regarding the future plans and availability of funding; 
reviewing the cash flow forecasts for the ensuing twelve months from the date of approval of these 
group financial statements and assessment thereof; 

•  obtaining  corroborative  supporting  for  the  key  assumptions  and  estimates  used  in  the  cashflow 

forecast; 

•  performing sensitivity analysis on the cash flow forecast prepared by management, and challenging 

the reasonableness of the key assumptions included thereto; and 
reviewing the adequacy and completeness of disclosures in the group financial statements. 

• 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF AIQ LIMITED (CONTINUED) 

Our application of materiality  

For the purposes of determining whether the group financial statements are free from material misstatement, 
we define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement that makes it probable that the economic decisions 
of  a  reasonably  knowledgeable  person,  relying  on  the  group  financial  statements,  would  be  changed  or 
influenced. 

We also determine a level of performance materiality which we use to assess the extent of testing needed to 
reduce  to  an  appropriately  low  level  the  probability  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and  undetected 
misstatements exceeds materiality for the group financial statements as a whole. 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of 
misstatements. Materiality is used to determine the group financial statements areas that are included within 
the scope of our audit and the extent of sample sizes during the audit. No significant changes have come to 
light  during  the  course  of  the  audit  which  required  a  revision  to  our  materiality  for  the  group  financial 
statements as a whole. 

Materiality for the group financial statements was set at £14,300. This was calculated as a percentage of loss 
before tax. Using our professional judgement, we have determined this to be the principal benchmark within 
the group financial statements as the principal focus of the stakeholders is profitability as the group is currently 
undertaking activities to successfully implement its new business strategy by closely monitoring loss. 

Materiality  for  the  significant  components  of  the  group  ranged  from  £8,000  to  £10,000  calculated  as  a 
percentage of loss before tax and revenue. 

Performance materiality for the group financial statements was set at £10,000 being 70% of materiality for the 
group  financial  statements  as  a  whole.  The  performance  materiality  for  the  significant  components  is 
calculated on the same basis as group materiality. 

In determining performance materiality, we considered the following factors: 

•  our cumulative knowledge of the group and its environment, including industry specific trends; 
the change in the level of judgement required in respect of the key accounting estimates; 
• 
significant transactions during the year; 
• 
the stability in key management personnel; and 
• 
the level of misstatements identified in prior periods. 
• 

The materiality and performance materiality for the significant components is calculated considering the same 
factors as for group materiality. 

We  agreed  to  report  to  those  charged  with  governance  all  corrected  and  uncorrected  misstatements  we 
identified through our audit with a value in excess of £715 for the group. We also agreed to report any other 
audit misstatements below that threshold that we believe warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Our approach to the audit 

Our  audit  was  risk  based  and  was  designed  to  focus  our  efforts  on  the  areas  at  greatest  risk  of  material 
misstatement, together with areas subject to significant management judgement. 

The group includes the listed parent company, AIQ Limited, and its subsidiaries, Alchemist Codes Sdn. Bhd 
(“Alchemist Codes”) and Alcodes International Limited (“Alcodes”). 

The  scope  of  our  audit  was  based  on  significance  of  operations  and  materiality.  Each  component  was 
assessed  as  to  whether  they  were  significant  or  not  to  the  group  by  either  their  size  or  risk.  The  parent 
company and the two subsidiaries were considered to be significant due to identified risk and size.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF AIQ LIMITED (CONTINUED) 

Due to AIQ Limited, Alchemist Codes and Alcodes being significant components of the group, we performed 
full  scope  audits  on  all  the  components.  The  work  on  all  significant  components  of  the  group  has  been 
performed by us as group auditor. 

In  designing  our  audit  approach,  we  considered  those  areas  which  were  deemed  to  involve  significant 
judgement and estimation by the directors, such as the key audit matter surrounding the revenue recognition 
and  carrying  value  of  tangible  assets.  Other  judgemental  areas  were  the  accounting  treatment  of  share 
warrants issued to AIQ Limited’s corporate advisor, the recoverability of tax receivables and accrual for lease 
restoration.  We also  addressed the risk of management  override of controls,  including evaluating whether 
there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. 

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit 
of  the  group  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of 
material  misstatement  (whether  or  not  due  to  fraud)  we  identified,  including  those  which  had  the  greatest 
effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the 
engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the group financial statements 
as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 
In  addition  to  the  matter  described  in  the  Material  uncertainty  related  to  going  concern  section,  we  have 
determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report. 

We  have determined the  matters  described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated  in our 
report. 

Key Audit Matter 

Revenue  recognition  (Accuracy  and  Cut-
off) (Refer to notes 3(d) and 5)  

The  group  generates  revenue  from 
IT 
development  projects  wherein  revenue  is 
recognised  based  on  the  percentage  of 
work completed.   

There  is  a  risk  of  incorrect  treatment  of 
revenue  under 
IFRS  15  Revenue  from 
Contracts  with  Customers.  Specifically, 
there is a risk surrounding the accuracy and 
cut-off of revenue at the year-end relating to 
projects  which  were  ongoing  as  at  31 
October 2022. 

Revenue  recognition is considered to be a 
KAM due to: 

1)  The  highly  material  nature  of 

revenue;  

2)  The 

level  of  subjectivity  and 
complexity involving estimates and 
revenue 
judgements  used 
recognition; and  

for 

3)  The  risk  of  onerous  contracts 
arising due to delays in delivery. 

How the scope of our audit responded to the 
key audit matter 

Our work in this area included: 

systems  and 

•  Obtaining  an  understanding  of  the 
information 
related 
controls relevant to the revenue stream; 
•  Performing  a  walkthrough  test  for  the 
revenue stream to understand the point 
of  recognition  of  the  revenue  and  to 
ensure  that  the  revenue  has  been 
recognised  in  accordance  with  the 
agreed contract and IFRS 15; 
and 
reviewing 
to 

•  Obtaining 
contracts 
agree 
obligations and terms; 

signed 
performance 

•  For contracts that were in progress as 
at the year-end, reviewing the revenue 
recognised  by  obtaining  the  revenue 
computations  and  corroborating  them 
from 
to 
customers, where applicable, to ensure 
that 
the  performance  objectives 
required  to  recognise  revenue  have 
been met; 

acceptance/certificates 

•  Obtaining  an  understanding  of  and 
reviewing estimates made in regard to 
revenue  recognition  and  challenging 
management thereon;  

•  Reviewing  and  stress  testing  contract 
margins 
to  ensure  profitability  and 
determining  whether  or  not  any 
onerous contracts existed; and 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

value 

assets 
of 
Carrying 
(Valuation)  (Refer  to  note  3(f),  3(j),  12  and 
13) 

tangible 

Tangible  assets  are  stated  at  cost  less 
accumulated depreciation and accumulated 
impairment losses. 

Due to continued operating losses over the 
years, adverse financial ratios and changes 
in business strategy, there is a risk that the 
assets are impaired and the carrying value 
of  the  asset  within  the  group  financial 
statements is not appropriate.  

This is considered to be a KAM due to the 
material nature of the balance and the level 
of  management  estimation  and  judgement 
required 
impairment 
considerations and therefore there is a risk 
of  management  bias  and  override  of 
control. 

in  management’s 

Annual Report 2022 

•  Reviewing disclosure and presentation 
in the group financial statements. 

Our work in this area included: 

•  Obtaining  an  understanding  of  the 
process 

assessment 

impairment 
followed by management; 

•  Obtaining 

and 

assessment 

reviewing 
of 

management’s 
impairment; 

•  Considering  and  challenging 

the 
assumptions made by management  in 
their assessment; 

•  Performing sensitivity analysis over the 
key estimates and judgements used in 
the assessment; 

•  Reviewing  Board  minutes  and  RNS 

announcements; and 

•  Reviewing disclosure and presentation 
in the group financial statements. 

Accounting for convertible loan notes (CLN) 

Our work in this area included: 

(Accuracy and Presentation) (Refer to note 
3(m) and 23) 

the  year, 

the  group 

During 
issued 
convertible loan notes (CLNs) amounting to 
£500,000.  This  transaction  is  material  in 
nature 
involving  complex  classification 
assessment  of  the  CLN  into  liability  or 
equity. There is a risk that this transaction 
is not  correctly assessed in line with IFRS 
9-  Financial 
in 
resulting 
Instruments, 
incorrect classification and accounting. 

•  Obtaining  details  of  the  agreements 
and  supporting  documentation 
in 
respect  of  the  CLNs,  including  bank 
statements and board minutes; 
reviewing 

the  supporting 
documents (as above) and challenging 
the  accounting  treatment  against  the 
terms of the agreement; 

•  Critically 

•  Confirming the accounting treatment is 

in accordance with IFRS 9; and 

•  Reviewing disclosure and presentation 
in the group financial statements. 

Other information 

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the group financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained 
within the annual report. Our opinion on the group financial statements does not cover the other information 
and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance 
conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the 
other information is materially inconsistent with the group financial statements or our knowledge obtained in 
the  course  of  the  audit,  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to 
a material misstatement in the group financial statements themselves.  

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF AIQ LIMITED (CONTINUED) 

If, based  on the work we  have performed, we conclude that there is a material  misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact.  

Annual Report 2022 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of directors  

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities, the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the group financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and 
for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of group financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the group financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or to cease operations, 
or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the group financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the group financial statements as a whole 
are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted  in  accordance  with  ISAs  (UK)  will  always  detect  a  material  misstatement  when  it  exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
group financial statements. 

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures  in  line  with  our  responsibilities,  outlined  above,  to  detect  material  misstatements  in  respect  of 
irregularities,  including  fraud.  The  extent  to  which  our  procedures  are  capable  of  detecting  irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the group and the sector in which it operates to identify laws and 
regulations  that  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  have  a  direct  effect  on  the  group  financial 
statements.  We  obtained  our  understanding  in  this  regard  through  discussions  with  management, 
industry research, application of cumulative audit knowledge and experience of the sector. We also 
selected  a  specific  audit  team  based  on  experience  with  auditing  entities  within  the  information 
technology industry facing similar audit and business risks. 

•  We  determined  the  principal  laws  and  regulations  relevant  to  the  group  in  this  regard  to  be  those 

arising from: 

o  London Stock Exchange Rules;  
o  UK-adopted international accounting standards; 
o  Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the FCA;  
o  Local  company,  tax  and  employment  laws  and  regulations  applicable  in  Cayman  Island, 

Malaysia and Hong Kong; and 

o  General Data Protection Regulations. 

•  We  designed  our  audit  procedures  to  ensure  the  audit  team  considered  whether  there  were  any 
indications  of  non-compliance  by  the  group  with  those  laws  and  regulations.  These  procedures 
included, but were not limited to:  

o  Making enquiries of management;  
o  Obtaining  confirmation  from  AIQ  Limited’s  company  secretary  and  financial  advisor  on 

compliance with laws and regulations, where applicable; 

o  A review of Board minutes;  
o  A review of the nature of legal professional fees; and  
o  A review of RNS announcements. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF AIQ LIMITED (CONTINUED) 

Annual Report 2022 

•  We also identified the risks of material misstatement of the group financial statements due to fraud. We 
considered,  in  addition  to  the  non-rebuttable  presumption  of  a  risk  of  fraud  arising  from  management 
override  of  controls,  that  the  potential  for  management  bias  was  identified  in  relation  to  the  revenue 
recognition, the carrying value of tangible assets and we addressed this by challenging the assumptions 
and judgements made by management when auditing these significant accounting estimates (refer to the 
key audit matter section). 

•  As in all of our audits, we addressed the risk of fraud arising from management override of controls 
by  performing  audit  procedures,  which  included,  but  were  not  limited  to:  the  testing  of  journals, 
reviewing accounting, key judgement and estimates for evidence of bias (refer to the key audit matter 
section)  and  evaluating  the  business  rationale  of  any  significant  transactions  that  are  unusual  or 
outside the normal course of business. 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including 
those leading to a material misstatement in the group financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. 
This  risk  increases  the  more  that  compliance  with  a  law  or  regulation  is  removed  from  the  events  and 
transactions reflected in the group financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances 
of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as 
fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the group financial statements is located on the 
Financial Reporting Council’s website at: http://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the group’s members, as a body, in accordance with our engagement letter dated 
13 December 2022.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might  state to the group’s members 
those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest 
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone, other than the group and the 
group's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Joseph Archer (Engagement Partner)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 

28 February 2023 

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2022 

Note 

5 

6 

8 
13 

10 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit/(loss) 

Other income 

Administrative expenses 
Impairment charge 
Gain/(losses) on foreign exchange  
Operating loss 

Finance income 
Finance costs 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation 
Loss attributable to equity holders 
of the Company  

Other  comprehensive  income  (as 
may be reclassified to profit and loss 
in subsequent periods, net of taxes): 
Exchange  difference  on  translating 
foreign operations 

Comprehensive 
income 
attributable  to  equity  holders  of 
the Company  

Earnings per share basic and diluted 
(£) 

11 

Annual Report 2022 

Year ended 
31 October  
2022 

Year ended 
31 October  
2021 

£ 
498,388 
(384,462) 
113,926 

12,202 

(682,722) 
(133,682) 
74,031 
(616,245) 

273 
(24,934) 
(640,906) 
- 

£ 
61,863 
(250,670) 
(188,807) 

- 

(864,601) 
- 
(126,698) 
(1,180,106) 

447 
(13,151) 
(1,192,820) 
(2,109) 

(640,906) 

(1,194,929) 

(2,902) 

16,949 

(643,808) 

(1,177,980) 

(0.010) 

(0.018) 

Current and prior year amounts are all derived from continuing operations.  

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION  

AS AT 31 OCTOBER 2022 

Assets 

Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Right of use assets 
Rental deposits 

Note 

12 
14 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables                        15 
Tax receivable                                              
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 
Total assets 

16 

Equity and liabilities 
Capital and reserves  
Share capital 
Share premium 
Share warrant reserve 
Foreign currency translation 
reserve 
Accumulated losses 
Total equity 

20 

22 

21 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade payables                                           17 
Accruals and other payables                      18 
Lease restoration provision 
19 
Lease liabilities                                           14 
Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Convertible loan notes 
Total non-current liabilities 
Total equity and liabilities 

14 
23 

As at 
31 Oct 2022 
£ 

As at 
31 Oct 2021 
£ 

12,270 
73,026 
- 
85,296 

175,207 
163,410 
29,834 
368,451 

66,408 
- 
636,459 
702,867 
 788,163 

127,414 
23,489 
581,618 
732,521 
 1,100,972 

647,607 
6,019,207 
12,000 

647,607 
6,019,207 
- 

6,428 
(6,631,306) 
53,936 

9,330 
(5,990,400) 
685,744 

- 
137,714 
18,500 
78,013 
234,227 

- 
500,000 
500,000 
788,163 

1,075 
244,664 
- 
94,672 
340,411 

74,817 
- 
74,817 
1,100,972 

The  accompanying  notes  form  an  integral  part  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  financial 
statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 28 February 2023 and signed 
on its behalf by: 

Li Chun Chung,  
Executive Director 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2022 

Annual Report 2022 

Share 
capital 

Share 
premium 

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 

Share 
warrant 
reserve 

Accumulated 
losses 

Total 
equity 

£ 

£ 

£ 

    £ 

£ 

£ 

Balance as at 31 October 
2020                 

647,607  6,019,207 

Total comprehensive 
loss for the year 
Balance at 31 October 
2021  

Total comprehensive 
loss for the year 
Share warrant 
reserve  
Balance at 31 October 
2022  

- 

- 

647,607  6,019,207 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(7,619) 

(4,795,471) 

1,863,724 

16,949 

(1,194,929) 

(1,177,980) 

9,330 

(5,990,400) 

685,744 

(2,902) 

(640,906) 

   (491,628) 

12,000 

- 

- 

12,000 

647,607  6,019,207 

12,000 

6,428 

(6,631,306) 

53,936 

Share premium – Represents amounts received in excess of the nominal value on the issue of share capital 
less any costs associated with the issue of shares. 

Accumulated losses – The accumulated losses reserve includes all current and prior periods retained profits 
and losses. 

Share warrant reserve – Amount arising on the issue of warrants during the year. 

Translation  reserve  –  The  translation  reserves  includes  foreign  exchange  movements  on  translating  the 
overseas subsidiaries records, denominated  MYR and HK$, to the presentational currency, GBP. 

  The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2022 

Annual Report 2022 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss before taxation 
Adjustments for:- 
Depreciation  
Impairment charge 
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 
Share based payment charge 
Write off tax receivable 
Lease restoration cost 
Interest income 
Interest expense 
Foreign exchange 
Operating loss before working capital changes 
Decrease/(increase)  in receivables 
Decrease in payables 
Tax paid 
Cash used in operations 

Year ended 
31 October  
2022 
£ 

Year ended 
31 October 
2021 
£ 

(640,906) 

(1,192,820) 

123,272 
133,682 
10,467 
1,000 
24,493 
18,500 
(273) 
24,934 
(16,891) 
(321,722) 
103,115 
(108,025) 
- 
(326,632) 

119,328 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(447) 
- 
116,106 
(957,833) 
(56,318) 
(46,321) 
(2,109) 
(1,062,581)

Interest received 

273 

447 

Net cash used in operating activities 

(326,359) 

(1,062,134) 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of plant and equipment 
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of convertible loan notes 
Interest on lease liability 
Repayment of lease liabilities 

- 
512 

512 

500,000 
(7,879) 
(91,476) 

(6,540) 
- 

(6,540) 

- 
- 
(82,512) 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) in financing activities 

400,645 

(82,512) 

increase/(decrease) 

in  cash  and  cash 

Net 
equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 
Effect  of  exchange  rates  on  cash  and  cash 
equivalents 

74,798 
581,618 

(1,151,186) 
1,827,379 

(19,957) 

(94,575) 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

636,459 

581,618 

The non cash movement from financing activities is £18,055 (2021: £Nil) on account of accrual of interest on 
loan notes £17,055 (refer to Note 23) and share-based payment charge £1,000 (refer to Note 22). 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.  GENERAL INFORMATION 

AIQ Limited (“The Company”) was incorporated and registered in The Cayman Islands as a public limited 
company on 11 October 2017 under the Companies Law (as revised) of The Cayman Islands, with the 
name AIQ Limited, and registered number 327983. 

The Company’s registered office is located at 5th Floor Genesis Building, Genesis Close, PO Box 446, 
Cayman Islands, KY1-1106. 

On 20 March 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of the entire issued share capital of Alchemist 
Codes  Sdn  Bhd  (“Alchemist  Codes”),  (together,  the  “Group”),  a  Malaysian  incorporated  information 
technology solutions developer focusing on the e-commerce sector. 

The Company has a standard listing on the London Stock Exchange. 

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its controlled 
subsidiaries (the “Group”) as follows: 

Name 

Place of 
incorporation 

Registered address  Principal activity 

Effective interest 

Alchemist 
Codes Sdn Bhd 

Malaysia 

Design and 
development of 
software 

2-9, Jalan Puteri 
4/8, Bandar Puteri, 
47100 Puchong, 
Selangor Darul 
Ehsan  
Malaysia 

31.10.2022  31.10.2021 

100% 

100% 

Hong Kong 

Alcodes 
International 
Limited* 

20/F One Pacific 
Centre, 414 Kwun 
Tong Road Kwun 
Tong, Hong Kong  

Software and 
app 
development 

100% 

100% 

              * Held by Alchemist Codes Sdn Bhd. 

2.  PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES 

The principal activity of the Company is to seek acquisition opportunities and to act as a holding company 
for a group of subsidiaries that are involved in the technology sector.  

Alchemist  Codes’  principal  activities  currently  comprise  the  delivery  of  information  technology  (IT) 
solutions for clients through the provision of IT consultancy. 

Alcodes International’s principal activities currently comprise the delivery of information technology (IT) 
solutions for clients through the provision of IT consultancy, primarily website development. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

3.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

a)  Basis of preparation 

Annual Report 2022 

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting 
standards (IFRSs).  

As permitted by Companies Law (as revised) of The Cayman Islands only the consolidated financial 
statements are presented. 

The financial statements are presented in Pound Sterling (“GBP”) which is the functional currency of 
the Company. The functional currencies of the subsidiaries are Malaysian Ringgit and HK Dollar and 
they have been converted to GBP as explained in note 3(e).  All values are rounded to the nearest 
pound, except where otherwise indicated. 

The results for 31 October 2022 are prepared for a 12-month period.  

New interpretations and revised standards effective for the year ended 31 October 2022 
The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year except for the 
following new and amended standards and interpretations during the year that are applicable to the 
Group. 

Other Standards 
New standards and interpretations that have been adopted in the annual financial statements for the 
year ended 31 October 2022, but have not had a significant effect on the Group are:  

•  Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16: Interest Rate Benchmark 

Reform – Phase 2 

•  Amendments to IFRS 16 COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions 

These standards did not have a significant effect on the Group. 

Standards and interpretations in issue but not yet effective  

There are  a number of standards, amendments to standards, and interpretations which have been 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) that are effective in future accounting 
periods that the Group has decided not to adopt early. The most significant of these are as follows:  

•  Amendments to IAS 16: Property, Plant and Equipment 
•  Amendments to IAS 37: Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets 
•  Amendments to IAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements and IFRS Practice Statement 2: 

Disclosure of Accounting Policies 

•  Amendments to IAS 8: Accounting policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors – 

Definition of Accounting Estimates 

The  Directors  do  not  anticipate  the  adoption  of  any  of  these  standards  issued  by  IASB,  but  not  yet 
effective, to have a material impact on the financial statements of the Group. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

b) Basis of consolidation 

Annual Report 2022 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries made up to the end of the reporting period. Subsidiaries are entities over which the Group 
has control. The Group controls an investee if the Group has power over the investee, exposure to variable 
returns from the investee, and the ability to use its power to affect those variable returns.  

The consolidated financial statements present the results of the Company and its subsidiaries as if they 
formed a single entity. Inter-company balances and transactions between Group companies are therefore 
eliminated in full. The financial information of subsidiaries is included in the Group’s financial statements 
from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. 

c) Going concern 

The Group incurred losses of £641k during the year and experienced operating cash outflows of £326k. 
As at 31 October 2022, the Group had net current assets of £469k and cash of £636k. The Group’s cash 
position was approximately £486k at 31 January 2023.  

During the year, the Company raised £500k through the issue of unsecured convertible loan notes to three 
existing shareholders as more fully described in Note 23 to the financial statements.  

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. 

In assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, the Directors take into account all 
available information for the foreseeable future, in particular for the 12 months from the date of approval 
of  the  financial  statements,  and  perform  scenario  planning  thereon.  This  information  includes 
management prepared cash flows forecasts for the Group.The Directors have assessed that to meet its 
forecasted cash requirements, the Group is dependent on cash generated from the successful winning of 
revenue  contracts  and/or  further  funding.  Whilst  there  is  no  indication  at  the  date  of  signing  of  these 
financial statements that these new revenue contracts will not be forthcoming, there can be no certainty 
that it will be successful.  

Based  on  the  new  contract  win  and  successful  cost  management  in  the  current  year  and  significant 
prospective customer pipeline, the Directors are confident that the Group will be able to generate sufficient 
resources to meet liabilities as they fall due for at least 12 months from the date of approval of the financial 
statements.  

Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include 
any adjustments that would result if the Group was unable to continue as a going concern.  

The auditors make reference to going concern by way of material uncertainty within their audit report. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
AIQ Limited 

d) Revenue 

Annual Report 2022 

Revenue is recognised at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be 
entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer net of sales taxes and discounts. 
A  performance  obligation  may  be  satisfied  at  a  point  in  time  or  over  time.  The  amount  of  revenue 
recognised is the amount allocated to the satisfied performance obligation. The board believe that the 
Group has one source of revenue, which is IT software services. This source of income can be broken 
down further into distinct revenue streams: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

(v) 

Government grants 
Monies received from government grants are recognised as other income. 

Sub-letting income 
Income received from sub-letting is netted off against administrative expenses. 

Revenue from maintenance and support contracts 
The  Group  enters  into  annual  fixed  price  support  and  maintenance  services  and  managed 
services contracts with its customers. Revenues are recognised on a straight-line basis over 
the term of the contract.  This method best depicts the transfer of services to the customer as 
there is no reliable prediction that can be made as to if and when any individual customer will 
require the service. 

Revenue from merchant contracts 
The  Group  earned  a  nominal  amount  from  merchant  contracts  during  the  year  as  the 
OctaPLUS  e-commerce  platform  was  effectively  closed  in  the  prior  year.  The  Group  earns 
commissions  from  merchants  when  transactions  are  completed  on  the  OctaPLUS  e-
commerce platform. The commissions are generally determined as a percentage based on 
the value of merchandise being sold by the merchants. The variable consideration is estimated 
at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting period if additional information 
becomes available. Revenue related  to commissions is recognised  based on the expected 
value when the performance obligation is satisfied.  

Project management and coordination  
The Group earns project management and coordination revenues. In the current year, these 
primarily related to blockchain platform development and digital business platform IT solutions 
for  clients.  Revenue  is  recognised  progressively  over  time  based  on  milestones  and 
customers’ acceptance by using the output method. During the year the revenue earned  was 
recognised on delivery of performance obligation.  

The performance obligations extend over several months with milestone obligations over the 
term of the service agreement.  

In most cases, the measurement of revenue (when recognised over time) will not be the same 
as amounts invoiced to a customer. In these circumstances, the Company will recognise either 
a contract asset (accrued income) or a contract liability (deferred income) for the difference 
between cumulative revenue recognised and cumulative amounts billed for that contract. For 
income recognised over time, management estimates the percentage of work completed by 
reference to each customer. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

e) Foreign currency transactions and translation  

Functional and presentational currencies  

The presentational currency of AIQ Limited and the Group is Pound Sterling. The functional currency 
of  the  Company  and  Group  is  also  Pound  Sterling.  This  is  based  on  the  principal  currency  of 
expenditure and the Company’s fundraising activities, all being in Sterling. 

The functional currency of Alchemist Codes Sdn Bhd is Malaysian Ringgit, being the currency in which 
the majority of the company’s transactions are denominated. 

The functional currency of Alcodes International Limited is the Hong Kong dollar, being the currency 
in which the majority of the company’s transactions are denominated. 

In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the 
entity’s  functional  currency  are  recorded  at  the  rate  of  exchange  prevailing  on  the  date  of  the 
transaction.  

At the end of each financial year, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated 
at the rates prevailing as of the end of the financial year. Non-monetary items that are measured in 
terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. 

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items, and on retranslation of monetary 
items are included in profit or loss for the period. 

In order to satisfy the requirements of IAS 21 with respect to presentation currency, the consolidated 
financial statements have been translated into Pound Sterling using the procedures outlined below: 

• 

• 

• 

Assets  and  liabilities  where  the  functional  currency  is  other  than  Pounds  were  translated  into 
Pounds at the relevant closing rates of exchange; 
non-Sterling  trading  results  were  translated  into  Pounds  at  the  relevant  average  rates  of 
exchange; and 
differences arising from the retranslation of the opening net assets and the results for the period 
are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  taken  to  the  foreign  currency  translation 
reserve. 

f) Property, plant and equipment  

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated 
impairment losses. 

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted 
for as separate items of property, plant and equipment. 

Depreciation  is  charged  to  the  income  statement  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  estimated  useful 
lives of each part of an item of property, plant and equipment. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Computers  
Furniture and fittings 
Office equipment    
Renovations 

                                 5 years 
            10 years 
  10 years 
  10 years 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each balance sheet date. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
                                
 
   
                                
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

g) Intangible assets 

Annual Report 2022 

With the exception of goodwill, intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less 
accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. All intangible assets have been fully 
impaired however they remain in use by the business. All intangible assets purchased during the year 
have been expensed. 

Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the amount by which the fair value of the cost of a business combination exceeds 
the  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired.  Goodwill  is  not  amortised  and  is  stated  at  cost  less  any 
accumulated impairment losses. 

The recoverable amount of goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when events or changes in 
circumstance indicate that it might be impaired. Impairment charges are deducted from the carrying 
value and recognised immediately in the income statement. For the purpose of impairment testing, 
goodwill  is  allocated  to  each  of  the  Group’s  cash  generating  units  expected  to  benefit  from  the 
synergies of the combination. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than the 
carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any 
goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying 
amount  of  each  asset  in  the  unit.  An  impairment  loss  recognised  for  goodwill  is  not  reversed  in  a 
subsequent period.   

Acquisition-related intangible assets 
Net assets acquired as part of a business combination includes an  assessment  of the fair value of 
separately identifiable acquisition-related intangible assets, in addition to other assets, liabilities and 
contingent  liabilities  purchased.  These  are  amortised  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  their  useful  lives 
which are individually assessed. Useful lives are regularly reviewed. 

The estimated useful lives of the Group’s intangible assets are as follows: 

•  OctaPLUS Platform  3 years 
•  Messenger App          3 years 
•  Software                     3 years 

Each of these intangible assets were fully impaired in the prior year. 

h) Research and development expenditure 

Research expenditure is recognised as an expense when it is incurred. 

Development  expenditure  is  recognised  as  an  expense  except  that  costs  incurred  on  development 
projects are capitalised as long-term assets to the extent that such expenditure is expected to generate 
future  economic  benefits.  Development  expenditure  is  capitalised  if,  and  only  if  an  entity  can 
demonstrate all of the following: 

its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the asset under development; 
the product or process is technically and commercially feasible; 

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii)  its future economic benefits are probable; 
(iv)  its ability to use or sell the developed asset; and 
(v) 

the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the asset under 
development. 

Capitalised  development  expenditure  is  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortisation  and 
impairment  losses,  if  any.  Development  expenditure  initially  recognised  as  an  expense  is  not 
recognised as assets in subsequent periods.  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

i) Impairment of financial assets   

IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” requires an expected credit loss model as opposed to an incurred credit 
loss model under IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. The expected credit 
loss  (ECL)  model  requires  the  Group  to  account  for  expected  credit  losses  and  changes  in  those 
expected credit losses at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition 
of the financial assets. The credit event does not have to occur before credit losses are recognised. 
IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” allows for a simplified approach for measuring the loss allowance at an 
amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables and contract assets. 

The Group has one type of financial asset subject to the expected credit loss model: trade receivables. 
The Group recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on trade receivables. The amount 
of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial 
recognition of the respective financial instrument. 

The expected credit losses are estimated using a provision based on the Group’s historical credit loss 
experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an 
assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, 
including time value of money where appropriate.  

As the Group is  at  an  early stage  and the volume of sales  is  very low,  it  does  not  have  significant 
amounts of historic information on credit losses. Accordingly, only specific provisions have been made. 
To analyse and adjust for any expected credit loss would likely skew the reported results for the year. 

The Group considers a financial asset in default when contractual payments are between 30 to 180 
days  past  due.  However,  in  certain  cases,  the  Group  may  also  consider  a  financial  asset  to  be  in 
default  when  internal  or  external  information  indicates  that  the  Group  is  unlikely  to  receive  the 
outstanding contractual amounts in full before taking into account any credit enhancements held by 
the Group. A financial asset is written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the 
contractual cash flows. 

j) Impairment of non-financial assets   

At each reporting date, the Directors assess whether indications exist that an asset may be impaired. 
If  indications  do  exist,  or  when  annual  impairment  testing  for  an  asset  is  required,  the  Directors 
estimate the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or 
cash-generating  unit’s  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  and  its  value-in-use,  and  is  determined  for  an 
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those 
from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit 
exceeds its recoverable amount, the Directors consider the asset impaired and write the subject asset 
down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value-in-use, the Directors discount the estimated future 
cash flows to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments 
of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to 
sell,  the  Directors  consider  recent  market  transactions,  if  available.  If  no  such  transactions  can  be 
identified, the Directors utilise an appropriate valuation model. 

When applicable, the Group recognises impairment losses of continuing operations in the “Statements 
of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income” in those expense categories consistent with the 
function of the impaired asset. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

k) Right of use assets  

Annual Report 2022 

A right of use asset is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The  right of  use asset is 
measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, adjusted for, as applicable, 
any lease payments made at or before the commencement date net of any lease incentives received, 
any initial direct costs incurred, and an estimate of costs expected to be incurred for dismantling and 
removing the underlying asset, and restoring the site or asset.   

Right of use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the unexpired period of the lease or 
the  estimated  useful  life  of  the  asset,  whichever  is  the  shorter.  Right  of  use  assets  are  subject  to 
impairment or adjusted for any re-measurement of lease liabilities.    

The Group has elected not to recognise a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for short-
term leases with terms of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. Lease payments on these 
assets are expensed to profit or loss as incurred. 

l) Leases  

Except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets, right of use assets and corresponding 
lease  liabilities  are  recognised  in  the  statement  of  financial  position.  Straight-line  operating  lease 
expense  recognition  is  replaced  with  a  depreciation  charge  for  the  right-of-use  assets  (included  in 
operating costs) and an interest expense on the recognised lease liabilities (included in finance costs).  

Lease liabilities are recognised at the present value of the contractual payments due to the lessor over 
the lease term, with the discount rate determined by reference to the rate inherent in the lease. If this 
rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate is used. The discount 
rate estimated by management is 6% per annum. 

m) Financial instruments  

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and 
financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value.  

Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial 
liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added 
to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial 
recognition.  

Non-derivative financial instruments 

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise trade and other receivables, security deposits, cash and 
cash equivalents, convertible loan notes, lease liabilities and trade and other payables. 

Convertible loan notes (CLNs) 

Convertible  Loan  Notes  are  recorded  at  their  issue  price  and  are  carried  at  their  face  value. 
Subsequently, the CLN is accounted for at amortised cost. Any interest due on these CLNs is recorded 
on accrual basis. On conversion/redemption, the face value of converted CLNs is reduced from the 
total carried value. 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses. 

Trade and other payables 

Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. 

n) Financial assets  

(i)  Initial recognition and measurement  

The Company classifies its existing financial assets as  financial assets carried at amortised cost. The 
classification depends on the nature of the assets and the purpose for which the assets were acquired. 
Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition and this designation 
at every reporting date.   

Financial assets carried at amortised cost 

Financial assets carried at amortised cost are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable 
payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are presented as current assets, except for those 
expected to be realised later than twelve months after the reporting date which are classified as non-
current assets. They include cash and bank balances, trade and other receivables and a rental deposit.   

Subsequent to initial recognition, these assets are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
rate method, less impairment.  

Impairment of financial assets is considered using a forward-looking expected credit loss (ECL) review. 

(ii)  De-recognition  

Financial assets are de-recognised when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial 
assets have expired or have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all the risks 
and rewards of ownership. On de-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the 
carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and any cumulative gain or loss that had been 
recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss. 

o) Financial liabilities  

The Company's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, accruals and convertible loan notes. 
Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provision of the 
instrument. All financial liabilities are recognised initially at their fair value, net of transaction costs, and 
subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost,  using  the  effective  interest  method,  unless  the  effect  of 
discounting would be insignificant, in which case they are stated at cost.  

The  Company  derecognises  financial  liabilities  when,  and  only  when,  the  Company's  obligations  are 
discharged, cancelled or they expire.  

p) Share capital  

Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares are classified as equity. Amounts in excess of the nominal 
value of the shares issued are recognised as share premium. 

Transaction  costs  that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  share  capital  are  deducted  from  share 
premium.  

q) Taxation  

Current tax 
Current tax is the expected amount of income  taxes payable in respect of the taxable profit for the 
reporting period and is measured using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted 
at the end of the reporting period, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous financial 
years. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between 
the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Group’s Financial Statements. 
Deferred tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted 
by the reporting date and expected to apply when the related deferred tax is realised or the deferred 
liability is settled. 

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that the future taxable profit will be 
available against which the temporary differences can be utilised. 

r) Cash and cash equivalents  

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  include  cash  in  hand,  demand  deposits  and  other short-term  highly  liquid 
investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts 
of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. 

s) Finance income and expense 

Finance income comprises interest receivable on funds invested. 

Interest income and interest payable is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest 
method.   

t) Employee benefits 

Short-term benefits 
Short-term employee benefit obligations; wages, salaries, paid  annual leave, sick leave, bonuses and 
non-monetary benefits, are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed in the profit or loss as 
the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-
term cash bonus or profit-sharing plans if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay 
this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated 
reliably. 

Long-term benefits 
Defined contribution plans 
The  income  statement  expense  for  the  defined  contribution  pension  plans  operated  represents  the 
contributions payable for the year. As required by law, companies in Malaysia make contributions to the 
state pension scheme, the Employees Provident Fund (“EPF”), which is charged to profit or loss in the 
year to which they relate. Once the contributions have been paid, the Group has no further liabilities in 
respect of the defined contribution plans. 

u) Earnings per share  

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during 
the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares during 
the period plus the dilutive effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares outstanding during the period.  

v) Share warrants 

Equity-settled share-based payments against services received are measured at fair value at the date 
of grant (i.e. date of agreement) by reference to the fair value of the services received. The fair value 
determined  at  the  grant  date  is  expensed  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  service  period.  A 
corresponding  adjustment  is  made  to  equity  as  share  warrant  reserve  and  accounts  receivable  as 
prepaid expense. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

4.  ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

Preparation of financial information in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of 
assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  The  estimates  and  associated  assumptions  are  based  on 
historical  experience  and  various  other  factors  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgements about carrying values of assets 
and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  

The key estimates and underlying assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation 
uncertainty at the statement of financial position date, that have a significant risk of causing a  material 
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial period are reviewed 
on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate 
is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the 
revision affects both current and future periods. In particular: 

Key judgments 

Impairment reviews 

Fixed assets 
An impairment charge of £133,682 has been made in respect of leasehold improvements and furniture 
and fixtures in the Group’s Malaysian office, which have been fully impaired bringing the value of those 
assets down to £nil on the basis that the lease expires in July 2023 and the lease may not be renewed. 
While a decision to renew the lease has not been taken, it was felt prudent at this stage to fully impair the 
associated costs and an element may be reinstated if the lease is renewed. 

MSC Pioneer  
In Malaysia, Alchemist Codes applied for MSC Pioneer Status but decided not to pursue the application 
as they did not consider it would be successful and on that basis the tax previously considered to be 
recoverable of £24,493 has been written off.  

Key estimates 

Going concern 
As more fully described above, the Directors have prepared forecasts and projections for the Group for 
the purposes of assessing the Company’s going concern assumptions. 

The Directors have concluded that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the Annual Report. 

Provisions 
Provisions  are  recognised  when  the  Group  has  a  legal  obligation  and  a  provision  has  been  made 
based on an estimate and expectation of the future restoration costs relating to the leasehold premises 
in Malaysia to restore the premises to its original state. The lease expires in July 2023, and based on 
an estimation by management of the future expected costs of £37,000, a provision of 50% amounting to 
£18,500 has been provided for with the remaining £18,500 to be provided for in the year to 31 October 
2023 if the Company does not renew its lease. The Group has been prudent in its approach as no decision 
has yet been made as to whether to renew the lease. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

5.  REVENUE 

Sale of software products 
Software development income 
Merchant commission income 
Other 

Total 

             All revenues were generated in Asia.  

Annual Report 2022 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 
- 
496,296 
844 
1,248 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
37,639 
19,415 
4,628 
181 

498,388 

61,863 

During  the  year  ended  31  October  2022,  one  customer  accounted  for  £438,824 (88.05%) (2021:  one 
customer accounted for £35,424 (57.26%)) of the Group’s revenues. No other customers accounted for 
more than 10%.   

An analysis of revenue by the timing of the delivery of goods and services to customers for 2022 is as 
follows: 

31 October 
2022 
Goods 
transferred at a 
point in time 
£ 
- 
- 
- 
19 

31 October 
2022 
Services 
transferred 
over time 
£ 
- 
496,296 
844 
1,229 

31 October 
2021 
Goods 
transferred at a 
point in time 
£ 
35,424 
12,822 
- 
- 

31 October 
2021 
Services 
transferred 
over time 
£ 
2,215 
6,593 
4,628 
181 

Sale of software products 
Software development income 
Merchant commission income 
Other 

Total 

19 

498,369 

48,246 

13,617 

6.  OTHER INCOME 

Other income derives from the receipt of government grants. 

7.  SEGMENT REPORTING  

IFRS  8  defines  operating  segments  as  those  activities  of  an  entity  about  which  separate  financial 
information is available and which are evaluated by the Board of Directors to assess performance and 
determine the allocation of resources. The Board of Directors is of the opinion that under IFRS 8 the Group 
has only one operating segment, information technology product and services. In addition, the Group is 
only  trading  in  Asia  and  therefore  there  is  only  one  geographical  segment.  The  Board  of  Directors 
assesses the performance of the operating and geographical segments using financial information that is 
measured  and  presented  in  a  manner  consistent  with  that  in  the  Financial  Statements.  Segmental 
reporting will be reviewed and considered in light of the development of the Group’s business over the 
next reporting period. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

8.  OPERATING LOSS BEFORE TAXATION  

              Loss from operations has been arrived at after charging and (crediting): 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

-  Audit of the financial statements 
- 
- 
-  Other services – Haysmacintyre (included under 

- PKF – accrued fees 
- Haysmacintyre 

professional fees) 

Cost of sales: 
Wages and salaries 
Cashback expenses 
Purchases 
Other 

Administrative expenses: 

Directors’ remuneration 
Wages and salaries 
Consultancy fees 
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets 
Depreciation of right of use assets 
Short term leases on property 
Provision for lease restoration 
Professional fees 
Regulatory fees 
Secretarial fees 
Audit fees 
Credit loss adjustment 
Travel. Subsistence and Entertainment 
Other costs 
Sub-letting income 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 

Year 
 ended  
31 October 
2021 
£ 

55,873 
43,500 
3,500 

- 
96,750 
3,500 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 
5,421 
(109) 
356,541 
22,391 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
252,576 
(1,906) 
- 
- 

384,462 

250,670 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 
95,457 
143,555 
50,500 
10,467 
19,487 
96,877 
12,875 
18,500 
38,648 
37,269 
35,909 
99,373 
- 
26,675 
65,040 
(67,910) 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
140,844 
211,066 
45,376 
- 
25,542 
93,786 
23,018 
- 
34,359 
30,738 
44,059 
99,079 
2,354 
414 
123,985 
(10,019) 

682,722 

864,601 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

9.  STAFF COSTS AND KEY MANAGEMENT EMOLUMENTS  

Staff costs: 
Wages and salaries  
Social security costs 
Post-employment benefits 

Annual Report 2022 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 
242,556 
437 
1,440 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
592,673 
576 
11,237 

244,433 

604,486 

Key management personnel are considered to be the directors and three senior members of staff. Their 
remuneration was as follows:  

Key management personnel: 
Wages  and  salaries  (including  directors 
as detailed in the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report on page 15) 
Social security costs 
Post-employment benefits 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 
162,559 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
227,839 

113 
913 

- 
- 

163,585 

227,839 

Included within accruals is £6,420 (2021: £7,666), which relates to Directors’ remuneration yet to be paid.  

The average monthly number of employees during the year ended 31 October 2022 was as follows: 

Management 
Administrative 
Operations 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
No. 
6 
3 
6 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
No. 
4 
4 
34 

15 

42 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

10.  TAXATION  

Annual Report 2022 

The Company is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, and its activities are subject to taxation at a rate of 
0%. Loss before taxation is £396,531. 

The income tax rate in Malaysia is calculated at the Malaysian statutory tax rate of 24% of the chargeable 
income for the year, except for companies with paid-up capital of RM2.5million (approximately £460,000) 
and below at the beginning of the basis period and gross income from source of business not exceeding 
RM50million (approximately £9.4 million), the first RM600,000 (approximately £110,000) of chargeable 
income is subject to tax at a rate of 17%. 

A  reconciliation  of  income  tax  applicable  to  the  loss  before  taxation  at  the  statutory  tax  rate  to  the 
income tax at the effective tax rate of Alchemist Codes is as follows: 

Loss before taxation 

Tax  calculated  at  the  standard  rate  of  tax 
applicable to Alchemist Codes of 24% (2021: at 
24%) 
Tax effects of: 
Non-deductible expenditure 
Effect  of  different 
jurisdictions 
Withholding tax charge 
Unrelieved tax losses carried forward  

foreign 

rates 

tax 

in 

Tax charge/(credit) 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2022 
£ 
(321,269) 

Year 
ended  
31 October  
2021 
£ 
(1,192,820) 

(77,104) 

(286,277) 

20,442 

119,328 

- 
- 
56,662 

- 

166,949 
2,109 
- 

2,109 

The income tax rate used excludes that of Alcodes International due to the scaling of Hong Kong tax 
rates making any estimation of tax rates used difficult to apply. The profit before taxation for Alcodes 
International is £76,894 and due to brought forward tax loss, no tax expense is expected in the current 
year. Also, the results of Alcodes International are largely immaterial compared to those of Alchemist 
Codes.  

The Group has not recognised deferred tax assets on carried forward tax losses as the management 
is not certain that it  will generate sufficient taxable profits in the  near future to absorb such carried 
forward tax losses.  

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

11.  EARNINGS PER SHARE  

Annual Report 2022 

The  Company  presents  basic  and  diluted  earning  per  share  information  for  its  ordinary  shares.  Basic 
earning per share is calculated by dividing the loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company 
by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the reporting period. Diluted earnings 
per  share  are  determined  by  adjusting  the  profit  or  loss  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  and  the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary 
shares. 

There is no difference between the basic and diluted earnings per share, as the  warrants and loan 
notes are anti dilutive in nature and therefore the diluted loss per share has not been presented. 

Year ended 
31 October 
2022 

Year ended  
31 October 
 2021 

Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders (£)  

(640,906) 

(1,194,929) 

Basic - Weighted average number of shares 

64,760,721 

64,760,721 

Basic  earning  per  share  (expressed  as  £  per 
share) 

(0.010) 

(0.018) 

12.  PROPERTY PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Cost 

At 1 November 2021 
Additions 
Disposals 
Currency translation 
differences 

As at 31 October 2022 

Accumulated 
depreciation 

At 1 November 2021 
Depreciation for the 
year 
Impairment 
Disposals 
Currency translation 
differences 

As at 31 October 2022 

Carrying amounts 

At 31 October 2022 

At 31 October 2021 

Fixtures and 
fittings 

Office 
equipment 

Computer 
equipment 

Leasehold 
improvements 

    £ 

    £ 

    £ 

£ 

Total 

£ 

71,450 
- 
- 

3,076 

74,526 

8,413 

7,432 
58,279 
- 

402 

74,526 

13,610 
- 
(547) 

1,688 

14,751 

2,657 

2,400 
- 
(136) 

484 

5,405 

33,282 
- 
(28,815) 

1,421 

5,888 

93,081 
- 
- 

211,423 
- 
(29,362) 

3,979 

10,164 

97,060 

192,225 

13,685 

11,461 

36,216 

6,906 
- 
(18,247) 

620 

2,964 

9,657 
75,403 
- 

26,395 
133,682 
(18,383) 

539 

2,045 

97,060 

179,955 

- 

63,037 

9,346 

10,953 

2,924 

19,597 

- 

12,270 

81,620 

175,207 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

As  stated  in  Note  13,  an  impairment  charge  of  £133,682  has  been  made  in  respect  of  leasehold 
improvements  and  furniture  and  fixtures  in  the  Group’s  Malaysian  office  bringing  the  value  of  those 
assets down to £nil on the basis that the lease expires in July 2023. While the lease may be renewed, it 
was felt prudent at this stage to fully impair the associated costs and an element may be reinstated if the 
lease is renewed. 

Annual Report 2022 

13.  IMPAIRMENT CHARGE 

An impairment charge of £133,682 has been made in respect of leasehold improvements and furniture 
and fixtures in the Group’s Malaysian office bringing the value of those assets down to £nil on the basis 
that the lease expires in July 2023. While the lease may be renewed, it was felt prudent at this stage to fully 
impair the associated costs and an element may be reinstated if the lease is renewed. 

14.  RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES 

Cost 

At 1 November 2021 

Currency translation differences 

As at 31 October 2022 

Accumulated amortisation 

At 1 November 2021 
Depreciation for the year 
Currency translation differences 

As at 31 October 2022 

Carrying amounts 

At 31 October 2022 

At 31 October 2021 

Land and 
buildings 

    £ 

280,131 

11,971 

292,102 

116,721 
96,877 
5,478 

219,076 

Total 

£ 

280,131 

11,971 

292,102 

116,721 
96,877 
5,478 

219,076 

73,026 

73,026 

163,410 

163,410 

Future minimum lease payments associated with these leases were as follows: 

Not later than one year 

Later than one year and not later than five years 

Total minimum lease payments 

Less future finance charges 

Present value of minimum lease payments 

Current liability 
Non-current liability 

As at  
31 Oct 2022 

As at  
31 Oct 2021 

    £ 

88,690 

- 

88,690 

(10,677) 

78,013 

78,013 
- 

78,013 

    £ 

178,966 

- 

178,966 

(9,477) 

169,489 

94,672 
74,817 

169,489 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

The lease may be extended at the end of its two-year term for a further two years, at a new rental rate to 
be based on the prevailing market rate provided, that in the event that there is any increase in rental, such 
increase shall not exceed 15% of the preceding rental rate. No option to extend has been assumed in the 
above calculations 

The interest paid on lease liability is £7,879 (2021: £13,151). The lease rental paid on short-term lease is 
£12,875 (2021: £23,018). 

15.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Trade receivables   
Provision for expected credit losses 

Total trade receivables 

Rental deposits 
Prepayments and other receivables 

As at 
31 October 
 2022 
£ 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

773 
- 

773 

31,109 
34,526 
66,408 

6,693 
(2,354) 

4,339 

- 
123,075 
127,414 

The rental deposits have been transferred from long-term assets to current assets as the lease term 
expires in July 2023. 

All  balances  are  reviewed  specifically  due  to  the  limited  number  of  receivables  and  limited  history  of 
average rates of default losses to rely on.  

16.  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Fixed deposits held with bank 
Cash at bank   
Cash in hand 

As at 
31 October 
 2022 
£ 

12,872 
623,004 
583 
636,459 

Cash at bank earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. 

17.  TRADE PAYABLES 

Redeemable cash back credit 

As at 
31 October 
 2022 
£ 

- 
- 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

17,635 
558,203 
5,780 
581,618 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

1,075 
1,075 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

18.  ACCRUALS AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Other creditors 
Accruals   
Deferred revenue 
Taxes and social security 

Annual Report 2022 

As at 
31 October 
 2022 
£ 

32,975 
96,825 
6,979 
935 
137,714 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

37,205 
102,205 
105,254 
- 
244,664 

Included within accruals is £6,420 (2021: £7,666), which relates to Directors’ remuneration yet to be paid 
and accrual of interest on loan notes of £17,055. 

19.     LEASE RESTORATION PROVISION 

Balance b/f 
Addition 
Balance c/f 

As at 
31 October 
 2022 
£ 

- 
18,500 
18,500 

As at 
31 October 
 2021 
£ 

- 
- 
- 

The  Group  has  made  a  provision  for  the  future  costs  of  restoring  its  Malaysian  office  to  its  original 
specification as the lease expires in July 2023. Based on an estimation by management of the future 
expected costs of £37,000 to restore the premises to its original state, a provision of 50% amounting to 
£18,500 has been provided in the period with the remaining £18,500 to be provided for in the year to 31 
October 2023 if the Company does not renew its lease. The Group has been prudent in its approach as 
no decision has yet been made whether to renew the lease. 

20.  SHARE CAPITAL 

Authorised 
Ordinary shares of £0.01 each  

Number        Nominal 

value       

£ 

800,000,000 

8,000,000 

As at 31 October 2022 

64,760,721 

647,607 

As at beginning of year  
Issued during the year  
As at end of year 

As at 
31 Oct 2022 
£ 
647,607 
- 
647,607 

As at 
31 Oct 2021 
£ 
647,607 
- 
647,607 

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as may be declared from time to time and 
are entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

21.   FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION RESERVE 

The foreign currency translation reserve represents cumulative foreign exchange differences arising from 
the  translation  of  the  financial  statements  of  foreign  subsidiaries  and  is  not  distributable  by  way  of 
dividends. 

22.  SHARE WARRANT RESERVE 

On 3 October 2022 the Company granted 300,000 warrants to Guild Financial Advisory (“GFA”), the 
Company’s corporate adviser, exercisable at a price of £0.01 for a period of up to ten years. The warrants 
were granted in return in part for their corporate financial services carried out for a period of 12 months 
whereby it was agreed that GFA would provide services for an amount of £24,000 with £12,000 being 
settled in cash and the balance of £12,000 represented by the issue of the warrants. As a result of this 
the fair value of the warrants is deemed to be £12,000 spread evenly over the 12-month period of the 
contract with £1,000 expensed for October 2022 and £11,000 carried forward as a prepaid expense 
and £12,000 taken to a warrant reserve.  

23.  CONVERTIBLE LOAN NOTES 

On 25 January 2022, the Company entered into an unsecured convertible loan note agreement for a 
total  subscription  of  £500,000  (the  “Loan  Notes”).  Pursuant  to  this  instrument,  the  Company 
immediately raised £500,000 through the issue of unsecured convertible loan notes to several existing 
investors (together the “Noteholders”), including an Executive Director of the Company. 

The Loan Notes have an expiration date of 25 January 2024 ("Expiration Date") and can be repaid, in 
part or in full, by the Company on 31 December in any year prior to the Expiration Date by giving not 
less than 14 days' written notice to the Noteholders. All outstanding Loan Notes attract interest at a 
rate of 5% per annum from the date of issue (25 January 2022) to the date of repayment or conversion 
and is payable on the anniversary of the issue of the Loan Notes.  

The Loan Notes shall be convertible into new ordinary shares of the Company at the lesser of 11 pence 
per ordinary share or the Volume Weighted Average Price of the Company's ordinary shares on the 
London Stock Exchange in the seven-day period prior to the date on which the Loan Note is converted 
into ordinary shares. The Loan Notes shall be convertible, in part or in full, at any time from the date 
of issue until the Expiration Date at the option of the Noteholders by giving to the Company at least 
one week's written notice.  

The Loan Notes have been issued to the Noteholders as follows:  

a.  £250,000 to Li Chun Chung, an Executive Director of the Company and who has an interest 
in 1,425,500 ordinary shares in the Company, representing 2.2% of the Company’s issued 
share capital 

b.  £125,000 to Soon Beng Gee who has an interest in 11,766,650 ordinary shares, representing 

18.2% of the Company’s issued share capital 

c.  £125,000  to  Lee  Chong  Liang  who  has  an  interest  in  11,766,650  ordinary  shares, 

representing 18.2% of the Company’s issued share capital 

Accrual of interest on loan notes was £17,055 at year end. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

24.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

a) Categories of financial instruments  

Annual Report 2022 

The carrying amounts and fair value of the Group’s  financial assets and liabilities as at the end of the 
reporting period are as follows:  

Financial assets: 

Trade receivables 
Tax recoverable 

Rental deposits 
Prepayments and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities at amortised cost: 

Convertible loan notes 
Trade payables 
Accruals and other payables 
Provisions 
Finance leases 

As at 
31 October 
2022 
£ 
773 

As at 
  31 October 
2021 
£ 
4,339 

- 
31,109 
34,526 
636,459 

702,867 

23,489 
29,834 
123,075 
581,618 

762,355 

As at 
31 October 
2022 
£ 
500,000 
- 
137,714 
18,500 
78,013 

As at 
  31 October 
2021 
£ 
500,000 
1,075 
244,664 
- 
171,581 

734,227 

917,320 

The  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  maturing  within  the  next  12  months  approximate  their  fair 
values due to the relatively short-term maturity of the financial instruments. 

b) Financial risk management objectives and policies 

The Group is exposed to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including interest rate risk and currency 
risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The risk management policies employed by the Company to manage 
these risks are discussed below. The primary objectives of the financial risk management function are to 
establish risk limits, and then ensure that exposure to risk stays within these limits. The operational and 
legal  risk  management  functions  are  intended  to  ensure  proper  functioning  of  internal  policies  and 
procedures to minimise operational and legal risks.  

i) 

Interest rate risks  

Certain cash holdings and cash equivalents are held in accounts with variable rates. If interest rates were 
to increase or decrease by 2%, the effect would not be material. 

ii) 

Currency risks  

The Group is exposed to exchange rate fluctuations as certain transactions are denominated in foreign 
currencies. 

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate due to 
changes in foreign exchange rates.  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

The Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to its financing 
activities (when cash balances are denominated other than in a company’s functional currency). 

Most of the Group’s transactions are carried out in Pounds, Malaysian Ringgit (‘RM’) Hong Kong Dollar 
(‘HK$’) and United States Dollar (‘US$’). Foreign currency risk is monitored closely on an ongoing basis 
to ensure that the net exposure is at an acceptable level.  

The Group maintains a natural hedge whenever possible, by matching the cash inflows (revenue stream) 
and  cash  outflows  used  for  purposes  such  as  capital  and  operational  expenditure  in  the  respective 
functional currencies. The Group’s net exposure to foreign exchange risk in US$ is as follows: 

As at 31 October 2022 
Financial assets denominated in £ 
Financial liabilities denominated in £ 
Net foreign currency exposure 

As at 31 October 2021 
Financial assets denominated in £ 
Financial liabilities denominated in £ 
Net foreign currency exposure 

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis: 

US$ 
£’000 
288 
- 
288 

US$ 
£’000 
522 
- 
522 

Total 
£’000 
288 
- 
288 

Total 
£’000 
522 
- 
522 

The  following  tables  demonstrate  the  sensitivity  to  a  reasonably  possible  change  in  foreign  currency 
exchange rates, with all other variables held constant.  

The impact on the Group’s loss before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets  and 
liabilities. The Group’s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.   

A 10 per cent. movement in US Dollar ($) would increase/(decrease) net assets by the amounts shown 
below. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. 

As at 31 October 2022 
Effect on net assets: 
Strengthened by 10% 
Weakened by 10% 

As at 31 October 2021 
Effect on net assets: 
Strengthened by 10% 
Weakened by 10% 

US$ 
£’000 

29 
(29) 

US$ 
£’000 

43 
(43) 

At 31 October 2022 the Company had £288,357 (2021: £427,511) of cash and cash equivalents in United 
States  Dollar  accounts.  At 31  October  2022,  had  the exchange  rate  between  the  Pound  Sterling  and 
United States Dollar increased/decreased by 10%, the effect on the result in the period would be a gain 
of £28,836 (2021: £28,836) / loss of £26,214 (2021: £42,751). 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

iii) 

Credit risk  

Annual Report 2022 

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss  to  the  Group.  Credit  allowances  are  made  for  estimated  losses  that  have  been  incurred  by  the 
reporting date. No such amounts have been made to date. 

Concentrations of major credit risk exist to the extent that the equivalent of £533,548 of the Group's bank 
balances were held with DBS Bank Limited in Singapore and the equivalent of £74,480 was held with 
Standard Chartered Bank in Hong Kong. There are bank balances with other banks totalling to £27,848 
were the credit risk is relatively low. 

S&P Global Ratings affirmed on 31 October 2022 the issuer credit ratings of DBS Bank Limited at AA- 
and Standard Chartered  at A+. 

Accordingly, the Group considers that the credit risk in relation to its cash holding to be low. 

iv) 

Liquidity risk  

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with 
its financial liabilities. The Group's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it 
will  always  have  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet  its  liabilities  when  due,  under  both  normal  and  stressed 
conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group's reputation.  

The  Group's  financial  liabilities  are  primarily  trade  and  other  payables.  The  amounts  are  unsecured, 
interest-free and repayable on demand. Details of trade payables are found in Note 16. 

25.  CAPITAL MANAGEMENT  

The  Group  manages  its  capital  to  ensure  that  it  will  be  able  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  while 
maximising the return to shareholders through the optimisation of the balance between debt and equity.  

The  capital  structure  of  the  Group  as  at  31  October  2022  consisted  of  ordinary  shares  and  equity 
attributable to the shareholders of the Company, totalling £41,936 (2021: £685,744) (disclosed in the 
statement of changes in equity excluding share warrants reserve).  

The capital structure is reviewed on an ongoing basis. As part of this review, the Directors consider 
the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital. 

26.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  

The  remuneration  of  the  Directors  of  the  Company  is  set  out  in  the  Report  of  the  Remuneration 
Committee.  

Included  within  accruals  is  £6,420  (2021:  £7,667),  which  relates  to  Directors’  remuneration 
outstanding. 

In addition to the remuneration, other costs incurred in relation to services provided by related parties 
of Directors were as follows: 

A total of £38,631 (2021: £41,000) was paid during the year to Gracechurch Group (formerly trading 
as Luther Pendragon) for financial PR services, a company in which Harry Chathli is a director and 
shareholder. 

A total of £Nil (2021: £11,000) was paid during the  year to Graham Duncan Limited for accounting 
services, a company in which Graham Duncan is a director and shareholder.  

A  total  of  £16,500  (2021:  £9,500)  was  paid  to  Ever  Billions  International  Limited  for  general 
management services, a company in which Li Chun Chung is a director.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Annual Report 2022 

A  total  of  £Nil  (2021:  £2,900)  was  paid  to  Credigroup  Fiduciary  Services  for  payment  processing 
services, a company in which Ng Chun Fai, Senior Manager of the Group, is a director. 

Revenue from AI Sport Asia for project management services, a company in which Ng Chun Fai is a 
director, of £4,484 was recognised during the year.  

Revenue from Consortium Family Office Ltd for project management services, a company in which Ng 
Chun Fai is a director, of £4,931 was recognised during the year.  

Proceeds from sale of fixed assets of £512 was received from Wepin Digital Sdn Bhd in which Charles 
Yong Kai Yee is a Chief Technology Officer. 

There were no outstanding monies owed at the year end (2021: £Nil). 

27.  MATERIAL SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

There are no significant or disclosable post-balance sheet events. 

28.  ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

As at 31 October 2022, no one entity or individual owns greater than 50% of the issued share capital, 
or holds significant control over the Company. Therefore, the Directors have determined the Company 
does not have an ultimate controlling party. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AIQ Limited 

Directors 

Company Secretary 

Registered office of the Company 

Financial Adviser 

Auditors  

Registrars 

Principal Bankers 

Financial PR 

Annual Report 2022 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

Harry Chathli, Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
Charles Yong Kai Yee, Executive Director 
Li Chun Chung, Executive Director 
Dwight Mighty, Independent Non-Executive Director 

MSP Secretaries Limited  
27/28 Eastcastle Street 
London W1W 8DH 

Genesis Building, 5th Floor 
Genesis Close, PO Box 446 
Cayman Islands, KY1-1106 

Guild Financial Advisory Limited 
382 Russell Court 
Woburn Place 
London WC1H 0NH 

PKF Littlejohn LLP 
15 Westferry Circus  
London E14 4HD 

Computershare Investor Services (Cayman) Limited 
The R&H Trust Co. Ltd. 
Winward 1, Regatta Office Park 
West Bay Road Grand Cayman KY1-1103 
Cayman Island  

DBS Bank (Hong Kong) Limited 
18th Floor, The Center 
99 Queen’s Road Central 
Central Hong Kong 

Bank of China (Hong Kong) Limited 
Bank of China Tower 
1 Garden Road 
Central Hong Kong 

Gracechurch Group 
48 Gracechurch Street 
London EC3V 0EJ 

Company Website 

www.aiqhub.com  

52