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Allot Ltd.

allt · NASDAQ Technology
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FY2023 Annual Report · Allot Ltd.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

(Mark One)

  ☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

  ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

  ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934   

OR

  ☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report..........................................

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission File Number 001-33129

ALLOT LTD
(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

N/A
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

ISRAEL
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

22 Hanagar Street
Neve Ne’eman Industrial Zone B
Hod-Hasharon 4501317
Israel
(Address of principal executive offices)

Rael Kolevsohn, Adv.
VP Legal Affairs & General Counsel
Allot Ltd
22 Hanagar Street
Neve Ne’eman Industrial Zone B
Hod-Hasharon 4501317, Israel
Tel/Fax: +972 (9) 762-8419
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Ordinary Shares, par value ILS 0.10 per share

ALLT

The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital stock or ordinary shares as of December 31, 2023:

38,376,939 ordinary shares, ILS 0.10 par value per share

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐ 

  No  ☒

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes ☐ 

  No  ☒

Note - Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ 

  No  ☐

Yes ☒ 

  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See
definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐

Accelerated filer ☒

Non-accelerated filer ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected
not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the
Exchange Act. ☐

†   The  term  “new  or  revised  financial  accounting  standard”  refers  to  any  update  issued  by  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  to  its  Accounting
Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on the attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control
over  financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C.  7262(b))  by  the  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  prepared  or
issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the
filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive- based compensation received
by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ☒

International Financial Reporting
Standards as issued by the
International Accounting Standards Board ☐

Other ☐

If  “Other”  has  been  checked  in  response  to  the  previous  question,  indicate  by  check  mark  which  financial  statement  item  the  registrant  has  elected  to
follow.

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Item 17 ☐ 

  Item 18 ☐

Yes ☐ 

  No  ☒

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

ITEM 1: Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

ITEM 2: Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

ITEM 3: Key Information

A. [Reserved]

B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

C. Reasons for Offer and Use of Proceeds

D. Risk Factors

ITEM 4: Information on Allot

A. History and Development of Allot

B. Business Overview

C. Organizational Structure

D. Property, Plant and Equipment

ITEM 4A: Unresolved Staff Comments

ITEM 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

A. Operating Results

B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses

D. Trend Information

E. Critical Accounting Estimates

ITEM 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees

A. Directors and Senior Management

B. Compensation of Officers and Directors

C. Board Practices

D. Employees

E. Share Ownership

ITEM 7: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

A. Major Shareholders

B. Record Holders

C. Related Party Transactions

D. Interests of Experts and Counsel

ITEM 8: Financial Information

A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information.

B. Significant Changes

ITEM 9: The Offer and Listing

ITEM 10: Additional Information

A. Share Capital

B. Memorandum and Articles of Association

C. Material Contracts

D. Exchange Controls

E. Taxation

F. Dividends and Paying Agents

G. Statement by Experts

H. Documents on Display

I. Subsidiary Information

ITEM 11: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

ITEM 12: Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities

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PART II

ITEM 13: Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

ITEM 14: Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

A. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders

B. Use of Proceeds

ITEM 15: Controls and Procedures

ITEM 16: Reserved

ITEM 16A: Audit Committee Financial Expert

ITEM 16B: Code of Ethics

ITEM 16C: Principal Accountant Fees and Services

ITEM 16D: Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

ITEM 16E: Purchase of Equity Securities by the Company and Affiliated Purchasers

ITEM 16F: Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

ITEM 16G: Corporate Governance

ITEM 16H: Mine Safety Disclosure

ITEM 16I: Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

ITEM 16J:  Insider Trading Policies

ITEM 16K: Cybersecurity

PART III

ITEM 17: Financial Statements

ITEM 18: Financial Statements

ITEM 19: Exhibits

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Terms

PRELIMINARY NOTES

As used herein, and unless the context suggests otherwise, the terms “Allot,” “Company,” “we,” “us” or “ours” refer to Allot Ltd.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

In  addition  to  historical  facts,  this  annual  report  on  Form  20-F  contains  forward-looking  statements  within  the  meaning  of  Section  27A  of  the  U.S.
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”),
and the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current
expectations  and  projections  about  future  events.  Forward-looking  statements  include  information  concerning  our  possible  or  assumed  future  results  of
operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, potential market opportunities
and  the  effects  of  competition.  Forward-looking  statements  include  all  statements  that  are  not  historical  facts  and  can  be  identified  by  terms  such  as
“anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “would”
or similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes and the negatives of those terms. These statements include but are not limited
to:

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statements regarding projections of capital expenditures;

statements regarding competitive pressures;

statements regarding expected revenue growth;

statements regarding the expected growth in demand of our products;

statements  regarding  trends  in  mobile  networks,  including  the  development  of  a  digital  lifestyle,  over-the-top  applications,  the  need  to  manage
mobile network traffic and cloud computing, among others;

statements regarding our ability to develop technologies to meet our customer demands and expand our product and service offerings;

statements regarding the acceptance and growth of our services by our customers;

statements regarding the expected growth in the use of particular broadband applications;

statements as to our ability to meet anticipated cash needs based on our current business plan;

statements as to the impact of the rate of inflation and the political and security situation on our business;

statements regarding the price and market liquidity of our ordinary shares;

statements as to our ability to retain our current suppliers and subcontractors; and

statements regarding our future performance, sales, gross margins, expenses (including share-based compensation expenses) and cost of revenues.

3

 
 
 
 
 
These statements may be found in the sections of this annual report on Form 20-F entitled “ITEM 3: Key Information-Risk Factors,” “ITEM 4: Information
on Allot,” “ITEM 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects,” “ITEM 10: Additional Information-Taxation-United States Federal Income Taxation-
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations” and elsewhere in this annual report, including the section of this annual report entitled “ITEM 4:
Information  on  Allot-Business  Overview-Overview”  and  “ITEM  4:  Information  on  Allot-Business  Overview-Industry  Background,”  which  contain
information obtained from independent industry sources. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements
due to various factors, including all the risks discussed in “ITEM 3: Key Information-Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report.

All forward-looking statements in this annual report reflect our current views about future events and are based on assumptions and are subject to risks and
uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Many of
these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Unless we are required to
do so under U.S. federal securities laws or other applicable laws, we do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements.

PART I

ITEM 1: Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

Not applicable.

ITEM 2: Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not applicable.

ITEM 3: Key Information

A. [Reserved]

B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C. Reasons for Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

D. Risk Factors

Summary of Risk Factors

Our business involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, together with the financial and other
information contained in this annual report and our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). If any of the following
risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations would suffer. In this case, the trading price of our ordinary shares would
likely decline and you might lose all or part of your investment. This report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Our results of operations could materially differ from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, as a result of certain factors including the
risks described below and elsewhere in this report and our other filings with the SEC. These risks are not the only ones we face. Additional risks that we
currently do not know about or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also impair our business operations.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Below  is  a  high-level  overview  of  the  risks  that  we  and  those  in  our  industry  face,  and  is  intended  to  enhance  the  readability  and  accessibility  of  our
disclosures. These risks include, but are not limited to:

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general economic and business conditions, including fluctuations of interest and inflation rates, which may affect demand for our technology and
solutions;

the effects of fluctuations in currency on our results of operation and financial condition;

our  ability  to  achieve  profitability,  such  as  through  keeping  pace  with  advances  in  technology  and  achieving  market  acceptance  and  increasing the
functionality of our products and offering additional features and products;

the impact of the telco operator’s Go To Market strategy and implementation efforts, on the success of a Revenue Share deal of our Security-as-a-
service (“SECaaS”) Solution;

the impacts of new market and technology trends on our enterprise market;

our reliance on our network intelligence solutions for significant revenues;

impacts to our revenues and operational risk as a result of making sales to large service providers;

technological risks, including network encryption, live network failures and software or hardware errors;

our ability to retain and recruit key personnel and maintain satisfactory labor relations;

supply chain interruption and the ability, and lead time, of our suppliers to provide certain hardware due to the global semiconductor shortage;

our dependence on third parties for products that make up a material portion of our business;

the  ability  of  our  suppliers  to  provide,  or  refusal  of  our  customers  to  implement,  the  single  or  limited  sources  from  which  certain  hardware  and
software components for our products are made;

sales disruptions or costs arising from a loss of rights to use the third-party solutions we integrate with our products;

our ability to increase sales of Allot Secure products;

our ability to comply with international regulatory regimes wherever we conduct business, including governmental requirements and initiatives related
to the telecommunication industry and data privacy;

potential misuse of our products by governmental or law enforcement customers;

risks related to our proprietary rights and information, including our ability to protect the intellectual property embodied in our technology, to defend
against third-party infringement claims, and protect our IT systems from disruptions;

risks related to our ordinary shares, including volatile share prices and tax consequences for U.S. shareholders;

our status as a foreign private issuer and related exemptions with respect thereto;

exposure to unexpected or uncertain tax liabilities or consequences as a result of changes to fiscal and tax policies;

conditions and requirements as a result of being incorporated in Israel, including economic volatility and obligations to perform military service;

costs and business impacts of complying with the requirements of the Israeli government grants received for research and development expenditures;

costs and business impacts of litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings encountered in the course of business;

our ability to successfully identify, manage and integrate acquisitions; and

other factors as described in the section below.

5

 
 
Economic and External Risks

Unfavorable  or  unstable  economic  conditions  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial
condition or operating results.

In recent years, economies worldwide have demonstrated instability. Negative economic conditions in the global economy or certain regions such as the
European Market, from which we derived 43% of our revenues in 2023, could cause a decrease in spending on the types of products and services that we
offer.

Additionally, if the worldwide economy remains unstable or further deteriorates, enterprises, telecommunication carriers and service providers in affected
regions may significantly reduce or postpone capital investments, which could result in reductions in sales of our products or services, longer sales cycles,
slower  adoption  of  new  technologies  and  increased  price  competition  in  such  regions.  Such  circumstances  would  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our
results of operations and cash flows.

Further, because a substantial portion of our operating expenses consists of salaries, we may not be able to reduce our operating expenses in line with any
reduction in revenues and, therefore, may not be able to continue to generate increased revenues and manage our costs to achieve profitability.

The  global  semiconductor  chip  shortage  could  delay  or  disrupt  the  ability  of  our  suppliers  to  manufacture  and  deliver  certain  hardware  that  is
necessary to our operations.

The global semiconductor chip supply shortage has had, and continues to have, wide-ranging effects across our industry. The shortage has been reported
since early 2021 and has caused challenges in the manufacturing industry and impacted our supply chain and production as well. While the semiconductor
chip shortage has begun to improve, we still face uncertainties and our ability to source the components that use semiconductor chips may be adversely
affected in the future. Component delivery lead times are expected to increase, which may cause delays in our production and increase the cost to obtain
components with available semiconductor chips. To the extent this semiconductor chip shortage continues, we may experience delays, increased costs, and
an inability to fulfill engineering design changes or customer demand, each of which could adversely impact our results of operations.

Our international operations expose us to the risk of fluctuations in currency exchange rates.

Our revenues are generated primarily in U.S. dollars and a major portion of our expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. As a result, we consider the U.S.
dollar  to  be  our  functional  currency.  A  significant  portion  of  our  revenues  are  also  generated  in  Euros.  Other  significant  portions  of  our  expenses  are
denominated in Israeli shekel (ILS) and, to a lesser extent, in Euros and other currencies. Our ILS-denominated expenses consist principally of salaries and
related  personnel  expenses.  We  anticipate  that  a  material  portion  of  our  expenses  will  continue  to  be  denominated  in  ILS.  In  the  past  years,  we  have
experienced material fluctuations between the ILS and the U.S. dollar and we anticipate that the ILS will continue to fluctuate against the U.S dollar in the
future. In 2023, the ILS depreciated by approximately 3% against the U.S. dollar, while in 2022 the ILS depreciated by approximately 11.6% against the
U.S. dollar. In 2023, the Euro depreciated by approximately 3.7% against the U.S. dollar, and in 2022 the Euro appreciated by approximately 5.8% against
the U.S. dollar. As the U.S dollar weakens against the ILS, we are exposed to negative impact on our results of operations. Moreover, if the U.S. dollar
strengthens against the Euro, our results of operations generated by revenue in the EUR may be negatively impacted.

We translate sales and other results denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for our financial statements. During periods of a strengthening dollar,
our reported international sales and earnings have been, and could continue to be, reduced because foreign currencies may translate into fewer U.S. dollars.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We use derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward contracts, in an effort to mitigate the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates
on forecasted cash flows. We may not purchase derivative instruments adequately to insulate ourselves from foreign currency exchange risks. Volatility in
the foreign currency markets may make hedging our foreign currency exposures challenging. In addition, because a portion of our revenue is not earned in
U.S. dollars, fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in which such revenue is earned may have a material adverse effect
on our results of operations and financial condition. We could be adversely affected when the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to the local currency between
the time of a sale and the time we receive payment, which would be collected in the devalued local currency. Accordingly, if there is an adverse movement
in one or more exchange rates, we might suffer significant losses and our results of operations may otherwise be adversely affected. Uncertainty in global
market conditions has resulted in and may continue to cause significant volatility in foreign currency exchange rates which could increase these risks. As
our international operations expand, our exposure to these risks also increases.

The  invasion  of  Ukraine  by  Russia,  and  the  related  disruptions  to  the  global  economy  and  financial  markets,  has  affected  and  could  continue  to
adversely  affect  our  operations  in  Ukraine  and  with  our  service  provider  in  Poland,  as  well  as  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of
operations as a whole.

We  are  currently  engaged  with  two  subcontractors  in  Ukraine  and  Poland  to  support  our  research  and  development  activities.  The  Russian  invasion  of
Ukraine  in  February  2022  and  sanctions  on  Belarus  have  had  a  minimal  impact  on  the  operations  of  our  subcontractors  thus  far.  However,  we  may
experience interruptions or delays in the services that the Polish company provide to us in the future due to them employing Belarus employees.

In  response  to  the  conflict,  the  United  States,  the  European  Union,  Japan  and  the  United  Kingdom,  among  others,  have  announced  targeted  economic
sanctions on Russia, the regions of Donetsk and Luhansk, certain Russian citizens and enterprises, including financial measures such as freezing Russia’s
central bank assets and limiting its ability to access its dollar reserves. The continuation of the conflict may trigger a series of additional economic and
other sanctions enacted by the United States and other countries, as well as counter responses by the governments of Russia or other jurisdictions, which
could adversely affect the global financial markets generally, levels of economic activity, and increase financial markets volatility. The potential impact of
bans,  sanction  programs  and  boycotts  on  our  business  is  uncertain  at  the  current  time  due  to  the  fluid  nature  of  the  military  conflict  and  international
responses  to  it,  but  it  could  result  in  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations.  In  addition,  the  potential
impacts include supply chain and logistics disruptions, financial impacts including volatility in commodity prices, foreign exchange rates and interest rates,
inflationary pressures on raw materials and energy, heightened cybersecurity threats and other restrictions.

Risks Related to our Business and Results of Operations

We have a history of losses and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

We have a history of net losses in the last ten years. We had a net loss of $63 million in 2023 and $32 million in 2022. In the future, we intend to continue
to invest significantly in research and development and sales and marketing, which we believe will contribute to our future growth. We can provide no
assurance that we will be able to achieve or maintain profitability, and we may incur losses in the future if we do not generate sufficient revenues.

Our  inability  to  streamline  operations  and  improve  cost  efficiencies  could  result  in  the  contraction  of  our  business  and  the  implementation  of
significant cost cutting measures.

We have undertaken, and may continue to undertake, efforts to streamline operations and improve cost efficiencies. We may not realize, in full or in part,
the anticipated benefits, savings and improvements in our operating results from these efforts due to unforeseen difficulties, delays or unexpected costs. If
we are unable to realize the expected operational efficiencies and cost savings, our operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.
We also cannot guarantee that we will not have to undertake additional workforce reductions in the future. Furthermore, our workforce reductions may be
further disruptive to our operations. For example, our workforce reductions could yield unanticipated consequences, such as adversely impacting our ability
to perform our contractual obligations in a timely manner and at required level of quality, attrition beyond planned staff reductions, increased difficulties in
our  day-to-day  operations  and  reduced  employee  morale.  In  addition,  while  positions  have  been  eliminated,  certain  functions  necessary  to  our  reduced
operations remain, and we may be unsuccessful in distributing the duties and obligations of departed employees among our remaining employees. We may
also discover that the reductions in workforce and cost cutting measures will make it difficult for us to pursue new opportunities and initiatives and require
us to hire qualified replacement personnel, which may require us to incur additional and unanticipated costs and expenses. Moreover, there is no assurance
we will be successful in our efforts. Our failure to successfully accomplish any of the above activities and goals may have a material adverse impact on our
business, financial condition, and results of operations.

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our future growth and prospects depend significantly on our ability to grow revenues from the recurring revenue share Security-as-a-service offering.

We generated 11% of our revenues in 2023, 6% of our revenues in 2022 and 3% of our revenues in 2021 from our SECaaS offering. While we continue to
forecast  significant  future  expansion  of  our  SECaas  business,  the  growth  of  our  SECaaS  recurring  revenue  model  has  been  slower  than  originally
anticipated. We will need to expand the number of recurring security revenue deals and the end user penetration within existing customers to achieve the
goals that we have set for our business. This will involve a number of steps. Initially, we need to persuade Communication Service Providers (CSPs) as to
the  benefits  that  Allot  Secure  can  offer  them  in  terms  of  driving  additional  revenue.  Those  CSPs,  with  our  support,  will  then  need  to  persuade  their
customers, consumers and small and medium-sized businesses, to subscribe for security services. We expect that we will need to demonstrate the value that
our services offer and add new features to both (i) retain customers in the face of competition and (ii) to capitalize on opportunities where CSPs currently
using our competitors’ products are considering a change. We face significant challenges in growing our security business and our failure to do so would
adversely impact our future growth and prospects.

Our revenues and business may be adversely affected if we do not effectively compete in the markets in which we operate, or expand into new markets.

We compete against large companies in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive sector of the networking technology and security markets, which offer,
or may offer in the future, competing technologies, including partial or alternative solutions to operators’ and enterprises’ challenges, and which, similarly
to us, intensely pursue the largest service providers (referred to as Tier 1 operators) as well as large enterprises. Our ability to effectively compete in these
markets may be limited since our competitors may have greater financial resources, significant market share and established relationships with operators
and distribution channels.

Our Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) technology enabled offerings face significant competition from router and switch infrastructure companies that integrate
functionalities into their platforms, addressing some of the same types of issues that our products are designed to address.

Our security products are offered to operators and are deployed in their networks, enabling them to provide security services to their end customers. Such
products face significant competition from companies that directly offer to end customers security applications to be installed on their devices; companies
that approach that directly offer cloud security products to the business enterprise sector through distribution channels; and companies that offer security
products  bundled  with  other  products.  By  offering  our  security  products  to  operators  that  provide  security  services  to  both  business  enterprises  and
individual end customers, we aim to expand the reach of our products. However, this business model may prove to be slower to market or less effective
than our competitors’ models, in which case our business and growth prospects may be harmed.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
Certain  of  our  current  direct  competitors  are  substantially  larger  than  we  are  and  have  significantly  greater  financial,  sales  and  marketing,  technical,
manufacturing and other resources. As the intelligent broadband solutions market has grown, including the markets for DPI enabled solutions for mobile
networks and for security products, new competitors have entered and may continue to enter the market. This competition has contributed to a slowing
growth of DPI bids for CSPs. Furthermore, our market is subject to industry consolidation, as companies attempt to maintain or strengthen their positions
in  our  evolving  industry.  Some  of  our  current  and  potential  competitors  have  made  acquisitions  or  have  announced  new  strategic  alliances  designed  to
position them to provide many of the same products and services that we provide to both the service provider and enterprise markets, such as Procera’s
acquisition of Sandvine.

If  our  competitors  announce  new  products,  services  or  enhancements  that  better  meet  the  needs  of  customers  or  changing  industry  requirements,  offer
alternative methods to achieve customer objectives or implement faster go to market strategies, if our business model proves less effective than those of our
competitors,  if  new  competitors  enter  the  market,  or  if  industry  consolidation  results  in  stronger  competitors  with  wider  range  of  product  offerings  and
greater  financial  resources,  our  ability  to  effectively  compete  may  be  harmed,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial
condition or results of operations.

In  addition  to  enhancing  our  presence  in  existing  markets,  we  will  need  to  continue  to  expand  our  global  reach  to  enter  new  markets  and  build  local
delivery and support teams to serve customers in new territories.

Our revenues and business will be harmed if we do not keep pace with changes in broadband applications, network security threats and with advances
in technology, or if we do not achieve widespread market acceptance, including through significant investments.

We  will  need  to  invest  heavily  in  the  continued  development  of  our  technology  in  order  to  keep  pace  with  rapid  changes  in  applications,  increased
broadband  network  speeds,  network  security  threats  and  with  our  competitors’  efforts  to  advance  their  technology.  Our  ability  to  develop  and  deliver
effective product offerings depends on many factors, including identifying our customers’ needs, technical implementation of new services and integration
of our products with our customers’ existing network infrastructure. While we plan to continue introducing innovative products, we cannot provide any
assurance that new products we introduce will achieve the level of market acceptance that we target. Designers of broadband applications and distributors
of  various  network  security  threats  that  our  products  identify,  manage  or  mitigate  are  using  increasingly  sophisticated  methods  to  avoid  detection  and
management and/or mitigation by network operators.

Even if our products successfully identify a particular application, it is sometimes necessary to distinguish between different types of traffic belonging to a
single application. Accordingly, we face significant challenges in ensuring that we identify new applications and new versions of current applications as
they are introduced, without impacting network performance, especially as networks become faster. This challenge is increased as we seek to expand sales
of our products to new geographic territories because the applications vary from country to country and region to region.

The network equipment market is characterized by rapid technological progress, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements and
evolving industry standards. To compete, we need to achieve widespread market acceptance. Alternative technologies could achieve widespread market
acceptance and displace the technology on which we have based our product architecture. Our business and revenues will be adversely affected if we fail to
develop enhancements to our products, in order to keep pace with changes in broadband applications, network security threats and advances in technology.
We can give no assurance that our technological approach will achieve broad market acceptance or that other technology or devices will not supersede our
technology and products.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additionally, as the adoption of 5G continues to expand, we will need to adapt the functionality of our products to comply with the design and standards
prescribed  by  the  3rd  Generation  Partnership  Project  (the  3GPP  Organization),  which  is  responsible  for  the  industry  standardization  effort  and  requires
significant investment. Our business may be affected if we are unable to adapt our existing products in a quick and timely manner or successfully develop
and introduce solutions supporting 5G networks. In addition, in 4G/LTE networks, Allot provides a Traffic Detection Function (TDF) element of the core
network. According to the recent network design specifications, published by the 3GPP Organization, in 5G networks this TDF function will be merged
within the User Plane Function (UPF), which is provided by major NEP (Network Equipment Provider) competitors. This change in network architecture
may jeopardize Allot’s ability to sell a standalone TDF function, which may have a material adverse impact on our business and financial results.

Our revenues and business from the enterprise market may be adversely affected by new market and technology trends, including public cloud adoption
and the transition to 5G networks.

Our  business  from  the  enterprise  market  may  depend  on  new  market  and  technology  trends.  For  example,  some  enterprises  are  implementing  a  new
network architecture, transitioning their datacenter infrastructure to public clouds (such as AWS, Azure, and Google), in which most of the data traffic is
sent directly to and from the public cloud. In such designs, Allot’s products deployed at the central location of the enterprise datacenter will have less traffic
capacity to manage and will provide only partial visibility into the enterprise’s traffic. This may erode the value provided by Allot’s solutions and reduce
amount of revenues derived from the enterprise market. Additionally, some enterprises might decide to outsource their network operation to a public cloud,
which would diminish the need for Allot’s products. Due to these factors, we do not anticipate additional growth in the enterprise market.

Our revenues and business may be adversely affected due to decline in revenues and profits of CSPs.

A  substantial  amount  of  our  revenues  are  currently  generated  from  CSPs.  Many  of  these  CSPs  are  facing  declining  revenues  and  profits  due  to
commoditization of the voice and data services they provide and limited success in introduction of the new services for the consumers. In addition, many
CSPs are seeing a rise in operational expenses due to the global energy crisis, which may affect their budget allocation for new projects. This might impact
their ability to continue to purchase our products and services for the prices we charge or will be unable to purchase these products and services entirely.
The outcome of such could result in a decline in our revenues and profits and adversely affect our business.

The  growth  of  aging  receivables  and  a  deterioration  in  the  collectability  of  these  accounts  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our  results  of
operations.

We provide for doubtful debts principally based upon the aging of accounts receivable, in addition to the collectability of specific customer accounts, our
history of doubtful debts, and the general condition of the industry. In 2023, we booked a credit loss of $14 million related to sales that we made to resellers
in  African  countries.  Most  of  the  revenue  related  to  those  sales  was  recognized  in  2022  upon  signing  the  agreement  with  resellers  and  delivery  of  the
products. We subsequently learned that the cash flows of some of these resellers were impacted by a failure to receive payments from end customers which
in turn affected their ability to meet the payment terms to which they agreed with us. In addition, in 2023 we booked a credit loss provision of $9 million
related to customers in the Americas. Recognition of the credit losses in 2023 adversely impacted our results of operations and share price and any such
outcome with respect to our currently past-due receivables could have a similar material adverse impact on us.

We depend on our network intelligence solutions for the substantial majority of our revenues.

In  the  past  few  years,  we  have  increased  sales  of  our  security  products.  However,  sales  of  our  network  intelligence  solutions,  which  provide  service
providers and governmental customers with visibility and control of their networks, continue to account for a major portion of our revenues, and accounted
for 77% of our total revenue in 2023. If we are unable to increase these sales, or compensate for them by sales of security products, our business will suffer.
In addition, service providers may choose embedded or integrated solutions using routers and switches from larger networking vendors over a standalone
solution that we offer. Any factor adversely affecting our ability to sell, or the pricing of or demand for, our network intelligence solutions would severely
harm our ability to generate revenues and could have a material adverse effect on our business.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We depend on one or more significant customers and the loss of any such significant customer or a significant decrease in business from any such
customer could harm our results of operations.

In 2023, we derived 15% of our total revenue from our largest customer and 9% of our total revenue from our second largest customer. In 2022, we derived
8% of our total revenue from our largest customer and 7% of our total revenue from our second largest customer. The loss of any significant customer or a
significant decrease in business from any such customer could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, results of operations and financial condition.

Sales  of  our  products  to  large  service  providers  can  involve  a  lengthy  sales  cycle,  which  may  impact  the  timing  of  our  revenues  and  result  in  us
expending significant resources without making any sales.

We may incur significant expenses without generating any sales. As of December 31, 2023, only 59% of our SECaaS sales contracts signed by customers
had generated revenues. Our management views realization of revenue from signed contracts as a primary challenge for our current business model and
failure to do so could adversely affect our profitability.

Beginning in late 2022 and throughout 2023 we shifted our primary sales strategy to target large, strategic accounts, while implementing minimum revenue
thresholds or customer assurances for our small to medium sized accounts. While we believe this strategy will generate greater revenue and help us achieve
profitability  sooner,  it  may  decrease  our  market  share. Additionally,  there  is  inherent  risk  in  implementing  a  new  business  plan  successfully.  If  we  are
unable to secure large, strategic accounts, the economic harm to our business will be exacerbated due to this strategic shift.

Our  sales  cycles  to  large  service  providers,  including  carriers,  mobile  operators  and  cable  operators,  are  generally  lengthy  because  these  end-customers
consider  our  products  to  be  critical  equipment  and  undertake  significant  testing  to  assess  the  performance  of  our  products  within  their  networks.  In
particular, beginning in 2022, DPI deals took longer to close than in the past, at least in part due to macroeconomic conditions and tighter expense controls
by CSPs. Furthermore, many of our product and service arrangements with our customers provide that the final acceptance of a product or service may be
specified by the customer. As a result, we often invest significant time from initial contact with a large service provider until it decides to incorporate our
products into its network, and we may not be able to recognize the revenue from a customer until the acceptance criteria have been satisfied. We have in the
past, and may in the future, cancelled certain contracts that we later anticipate are unlikely to launch projects and generate revenues.

We may also expend significant resources in attempting to persuade large service providers to incorporate our products into their networks without success.
Even after deciding to purchase our products, the initial network deployment of our products by a large service provider may last up to one year and in
certain exceptional instances up to two years. If a competitor succeeds in convincing a large service provider to adopt that competitor’s product, it may be
difficult for us to displace the competitor because of the cost, time, effort and perceived risk to network stability involved in changing solutions.

In addition, in our deals based on a revenue share model (and determined by the number of end subscribers using our solution), the cycle from the upfront
investments by our company and the revenues stream, is very long.

The complexity and scope of the solutions we provide to larger service providers are increasing, and such larger projects entail greater operational risk
and an increased chance of failure.

The complexity and scope of the solutions and services we provide to larger service providers are increasing. The larger and more complex such projects
are, the greater the operational risks associated with them. These risks include, but are not limited to, the failure to meet all the requirements of service
providers, the failure to fully integrate our products into the service provider’s network or with third-party products, our dependence on subcontractors and
partners and on effective cooperation with third-party vendors for the successful and timely completion of such projects. If we encounter any of these risks,
we  may  incur  higher  costs  in  order  to  complete  the  project  and  may  be  subject  to  contractual  penalties  resulting  in  lower  profitability.  In  addition,  the
project may demand more of our management’s time than was originally planned, and our reputation may be adversely impacted.

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continued  salary  increases  of  research  and  development  personnel  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  recruit  such  employees  and  could  have  an
adverse effect on our business and revenues.

The  current  ongoing  increase  in  salaries  of  research  and  development  personnel  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  ability  to  recruit  such  suitable
individuals as well as adversely affect our ability to meet the ongoing research and development related requirements of the market and our customers.

Risks Related to Our Technology and Products

Our technology faces challenges due to increased network encryption.

Our DPI, analytics and security products rely on the ability to read, understand and analyze the nature of Internet traffic. Due to an increase in network
encryption, including the meta-data of the network data packets, our ability to read, understand and analyze the traffic transmitted becomes impaired and
may reduce or eliminate our ability to provide our customers with the classification and categorization of the traffic and the necessary tools, capabilities and
values that they might require. We will need to invest significant research and development resources into this domain so that similar value can be provided
to the customers; however, we cannot guarantee success of these activities.

We need to continue to increase the functionality of our products and offer additional features and products to maintain or increase our profitability.

The commoditization of DPI technology and the introduction of competitive features and services may result in a decrease of the average sale prices of our
DPI technology enabled products.

The market in which we operate is highly competitive and unless we continue to enhance the functionality of our products, add additional features and offer
additional products, our competitiveness may be harmed.

We seek to offset this risk by enhancing our products by offering higher system speeds, additional features, such as advanced Quality of Experience (QoE)
management  functionality,  and  support  for  additional  applications  and  enhanced  reporting  tools.  We  also  continuously  endeavor  to  assure  our  solutions
comply with contemporary network and software architectures such as, but not limited to, virtualized network services (NFV), containerized deployments
and 5G networks compliance.

Our products offer customers additional tools to increase the efficiency of their networks or to help them offer additional services to their end customers
and derive additional revenues from their end customers. The industry and market for our products are still developing and are affected, among others, by
trends and changes in internet broadband traffic, including changes in methods used by various content providers and broadband applications and evolution
of network security threats.

We cannot provide any assurance that demand for our additional features and products will continue or grow, or that we will be able to generate revenues
from such sales at the levels we anticipate or at all. Any inability to sell or maintain our additional features and products may lead to commercial disputes
with our customers and increased spending on technical solutions, any of which may negatively impact our results of operations.

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A failure of our products may adversely affect the operation of our customers’ live networks or the quality and scope of service to our customers and
their end users, including, specifically with regard to security protection which could harm our reputation, brand position, and financial condition.

Our products are, generally, installed in line as part of our customers’ networks and provide a wide range of services that our customers may offer to their
own customers. We endeavor to avoid any interruption to the regular operation of our customers’ networks, any reduction of quality of services or failure to
provide the quality and/or scope of services to users, including, by performing certain tasks during predetermined maintenance windows, and implementing
a system bypass, in the event of malfunctions. In addition, we offer security protection services offered by our customers to their end users at a certain level
and terms of performance. However, in certain cases, a failure of our products or failure of our products to perform in accordance with the performance
levels  to  which  we  may  be  committed,  may  result  in  our  customers  experiencing  loss  of  functionality,  denial  of  service  and  access,  interruption  of  live
traffic  on  our  customers’  networks,  loss  of  security  protection  or  inability  to  provide  similar  services  to  our  customers’  end  users.  Such  failure  of  our
products, may cause disputes with our customers, adversely affect our reputation, lead to loss of revenues and potential legal exposure.

Our  products  are  highly  technical  and  any  undetected  software  or  hardware  errors  in  our  products  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our
operating results.

Our products are complex and are incorporated into broadband networks, which are a major source of revenue for service providers and support critical
applications for subscribers and enterprises. Due to the highly technical nature of our products and variations among customers’ network environments, we
may not detect product defects until our products have been fully deployed in our customers’ networks. Regardless of whether warranty coverage exists for
a product, we may be required to dedicate significant technical resources to repair any defects. If we encounter significant errors, we could experience,
among other things, loss of major customers, cancellation of orders, increased costs, delay in recognizing revenues and damage to our reputation. We could
also  face  claims  for  product  liability,  tort  or  breach  of  warranty.  Defending  a  lawsuit,  regardless  of  its  merit,  is  costly  and  may  divert  management’s
attention. In addition, if our business liability insurance is inadequate or future coverage is unavailable on acceptable terms or at all, our financial condition
could be harmed.

Demand for our DPI technology enabled products depends, in part, on the rate of adoption of bandwidth-intensive broadband applications, and the
impact multiple applications may have on network speed.

Our DPI technology enabled products are used by service providers and enterprises to monitor and manage bandwidth-intensive applications that cause
congestion in broadband networks and impact the quality of experience for users. Demand for our products is driven particularly by growth in applications,
which are highly sensitive to network delays and therefore require efficient network management. If the rapid growth in the adoption of such applications
does not continue, the demand for our products may be adversely impacted.

Demand  for  our  security  products  depends,  in  part,  on  continued  evolution  of  on-line  threats  as  well  as  on  operators’  interest  in  providing  security
services to their end customers.

Our  security  products  are  used  by  service  providers  to  offer  security  services  to  their  end  customers,  comprising  both  business  enterprises  as  well  as
individual  end  customers.  The  demand  for  these  services  depends  highly  on  continued  evolution  and  increase  of  online  threats.  In  the  event  that  such
threats decrease, that end customers are unwilling to incur the costs of security services and/or that ISPs do not continue to pursue security services to their
end customers as a revenue source, demand for our security products may be materially adversely impacted.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties

We depend on third parties to market, sell, and install our products and to provide initial technical support for our products for a material portion of
our business.

We depend on third-party channel partners, such as distributors, resellers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and system integrators, to market and
sell a material portion of our products to end-customers. In 2023, approximately 42% of our revenues were derived from channel partners. In some cases,
our channel partners are also responsible for installing and providing initial customer support for our products, with our continuous technical assistance. In
the majority of the cases, the partners are responsible for the initial customer support (Tier 1 support), while we act as the escalation level. As a result, we
depend  on  the  ability  of  our  channel  partners  to  successfully  market  and  sell  our  products  to  these  end-customers.  We  can  give  no  assurance  that  our
channel  partners  will  market  our  products  effectively,  receive  and  fulfill  customer  orders  for  our  products  on  a  timely  basis  or  continue  to  devote  the
resources necessary to provide us with effective sales, marketing and technical support. In addition, our channel partners may experience disruptions in, or
be  prevented  from,  conducting  business  activities  as  a  result  of  macroeconomic  factors,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of
operations. Any failure by our channel partners to provide adequate initial support to end-customers could result in customer dissatisfaction with us or our
products, which could result in a loss of customers, harm our reputation and delay or limit market acceptance of our products. Our products are complex
and it takes time for a new channel partner to gain experience in the operation and installation of these products. Therefore, it may take a long period of
time  before  a  new  channel  partner  can  successfully  market,  sell  and  support  our  products  if  an  existing  channel  partner  ceases  to  sell  our  products.
Additionally, our agreements with channel partners are generally not exclusive and our channel partners may market and sell products that compete with
our  products.  Our  agreements  with  our  distributors  and  resellers  are  usually  for  an  initial  one-year  term  and  following  the  expiration  of  this  term,  are
usually  automatically  renewed  for  additional  one  year  periods,  unless  terminated  by  either  party.  We  can  give  no  assurance  that  these  agreements  will
continue to remain in effect. If we are unable to maintain our relationships with existing channel partners and to develop relationships with new channel
partners in key markets our profitability and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.

We integrate into or bundle various third-party solutions with our products and may integrate or offer additional third-party solutions in the future. If
we lose the right to use such solutions, our sales could be disrupted and we would have to spend additional capital to replace such components.

We integrate various third-party solutions into our products and offer third-party solutions bundled with our products. We may integrate or offer additional
third-party solutions in the future. Sales of our products could be disrupted if such third-party solutions were either no longer available to us or no longer
offered to us on commercially reasonable terms. In either case, we would be required to spend additional capital to either source alternative third-party
solutions, redesign our products to function with alternate third-party solutions or develop substitute components ourselves. As a result, our sales may be
delayed  and/or  adversely  affected  and  we  might  be  forced  to  limit  the  features  available  in  our  current  or  future  product  offerings,  which  could  have  a
material adverse effect on our business.

We currently depend on a limited number of subcontractors to integrate, assemble, store and service, as well as provide hardware and warranty support
for, our Service Gateway platform. If any one of these subcontractors experiences delays, disruptions, quality control problems or a loss in capacity, our
operating results could be adversely affected.

We  currently  depend  on  a  limited  number  of  subcontractors,  such  as  Flex  (Israel)  Ltd.  (previously  Flextronics  (Israel)  Ltd.),  Malam  Team  and  Arrow
Electronics,  to  integrate,  assemble,  test,  store,  package  and  prepare  for  shipment  our  various  Service  Gateway,  Network  Management  and  Enterprise
platforms. If any of these subcontractors experience delays, disruptions or quality control problems in manufacturing or integrating our products or if we
fail to effectively manage our relationships with them, product shipments may be delayed and our ability to deliver certain products to customers could be
adversely affected.

Certain hardware and software components for our products come from single or limited sources and we could lose sales if these sources fail to satisfy
our supply requirements or if our customers refuse to implement components from certain sources.

We obtain certain hardware components used in our products from single or limited sources.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Although such hardware components are off-the-shelf items, because our systems have been designed to incorporate these specific hardware components,
any  change  to  these  components  due  to  an  interruption  in  supply  chains  or  our  inability  to  obtain  such  components  on  a  timely  basis  may  require
engineering changes to our products before substitute hardware components could be incorporated. Such changes could be costly and could result in lost
sales particularly to our traffic management systems. The agreements with our suppliers do not contain any minimum supply commitments. If we or our
contract manufacturers fail to obtain components in sufficient quantities when required, our business could be harmed.

We obtain certain software components of our security products from a few limited sources, depending primarily on our customers’ preferences. In the
event that we are no longer able to source such software components from a particular source, and our customers refuse to implement components from our
alternative sources, we may be required to identify an alternative source from which we do not currently acquire such software or develop such software
ourselves. This may result in disputes with our customers and/or cancellation or delay of orders, which may materially adversely affect our business.

Our  suppliers  also  sell  products  to  our  competitors  and  may  enter  into  exclusive  arrangements  with  our  competitors,  stop  selling  their  products  or
components  to  us  at  commercially  reasonable  prices  or  refuse  to  sell  their  products  or  components  to  us  at  any  price.  Our  inability  to  obtain  sufficient
quantities of single-source or limited-sourced components or to develop alternative sources for components or products would harm our ability to maintain
and expand our business.

Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks

We are subject to certain regulatory regimes that may affect the way that we conduct business internationally, and our failure to comply with applicable
laws and regulations could materially adversely affect our reputation and result in penalties and increased costs.

We  are  subject  to  a  complex  system  of  laws  and  regulations  related  to  international  trade,  including  economic  sanctions  and  export  control  laws  and
regulations. We also depend on our distributors and agents outside of Israel for compliance and adherence to local laws and regulations in the markets in
which they operate. It is our policy not to make direct or indirect prohibited sales of our products, including into countries sanctioned under laws to which
we are subject, and to contractually limit the territories into which our channel partners may sell our products. None of our contracts with channel partners
authorize or contemplate any activities with sanctioned countries, and we do not intend to authorize any channel partner to engage in activities with those
countries in the future. Nevertheless, over ten years ago one of our channel partners sold certain of our products (designed for the enterprise market) outside
of its contractually designated territory, including into a sanctioned country, and we subsequently determined that our contract management protocol for
authorizing channel partner sales was not adequately followed in that instance. Although we are not aware of any channel partner making indirect sales to
entities or individuals in sanctioned countries in 2023, there is no guarantee that our channel partners will not make such indirect sales in the future, which
could result in material adverse impact on our reputation and lead to penalties and increased costs. Though we have not had a material impact to date, we
can provide no assurance that new or existing measures will not have a material impact in the future.

We are also subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and may be subject to similar worldwide anti-bribery laws that generally prohibit companies
and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Some of the countries
in which we operate have experienced governmental corruption to some degree and, in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may
conflict  with  local  customs  and  practices.  Despite  our  compliance  and  training  programs,  we  cannot  be  certain  that  our  procedures  will  be  sufficient  to
ensure consistent compliance with all applicable international trade and anti-corruption laws, or that our employees or channel partners will strictly follow
all policies and requirements to which we subject them. Any alleged or actual violations of these laws may subject us to government scrutiny, investigation,
debarment, and civil and criminal penalties, which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and reputation.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As with many DPI products, some of our products may be used by governmental or law enforcement customers in a manner that is, or that is perceived
to be, incompatible with human rights.

We cannot always verify whether our customers are using our products in a lawful or ethical manner. It is possible that some of our governmental or law
enforcement customers have used our products in a manner that is incompatible with, or that is perceived to be incompatible with, human rights. In some
circumstances, governmental customers may desire to surveil their citizenry and may use our products to achieve those ends. For example, some foreign
governments use internet infrastructure to undermine democratic values through surveillance of and control over online communications between political
activists. Any misuse of our products by our governmental or law enforcement customers, or allegations of misuse, may damage our reputation, business
and results of operations.

Demand for our products may be impacted by government regulation of the internet and telecommunications industry.

Service providers are subject to government regulation in a number of jurisdictions in which we sell our products. There are several existing regulations
and  proposals  in  the  United  States,  Europe  and  elsewhere  for  regulating  service  providers’  ability  to  prioritize  applications  in  their  networks.  Some
advocates  for  regulating  this  industry  claim  that  collecting  premium  fees  from  certain  “preferred”  applications  would  distort  the  market  for  Internet
applications in favor of larger and better-funded content providers. They also claim that this would impact end-users who already purchased broadband
access  only  to  experience  response  times  that  differ  based  on  content  provider.  Some  opponents  believe  that  content  providers  who  support  bandwidth-
intensive applications should be required to pay service providers a premium in order to support further network investments.

On December 14, 2017, the United States Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) announced that it voted to repeal the Open Internet Report
and Order on Remand, Declaratory Ruling, and Order (the Open Internet Order). The Open Internet Order was issued by the FCC and went into effect on
June 12, 2015. The Open Internet Order set forth rules, grounded, among others, on Title II of the Communications Act of 1934; the Open Internet Order
regulated both fixed and mobile Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and prohibited them, subject to reasonable network management, from blocking and/or
throttling of lawful content, applications, services, or non-harmful devices, and from unreasonably interfering or disadvantaging of (i) end users’ ability to
select, access service of the lawful Internet content, applications, services, or devices of their choice or (ii) edge providers’ ability to make lawful content,
applications, services, or devices available to end users. The Open Internet Order also prohibited paid prioritization of content. The repeal largely reversed
the Open Internet Order, including the classification of broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service, which is subject to certain common
carrier  regulations,  and  restored  the  regulatory  framework  that  preceded  the  Open  Internet  Order.  Because  our  products  allow  ISPs  to  identify  network
traffic and facilitate traffic management, the reinstatement of this traditional regulatory framework has not, to date, affected but may in the future affect
ISP’s demand for certain of our products. The repeal of the Open Internet Order was upheld by a federal appeals court in October 2019, however, the repeal
does not preclude state and local governments from enacting their own net neutrality rules and certain U.S. states have already implemented net neutrality
protections which could impact our operations.

On  April  30,  2016,  Regulation  (EU)  2015/2120  of  the  European  Parliament  and  of  the  Council  came  into  effect,  setting  forth  the  first  EU-wide  Net
Neutrality (“Open Internet”) rules. Under these rules, blocking, throttling and discrimination of internet traffic by ISPs is prohibited in the EU, with three
exceptions: (i) compliance with legal obligations; (ii) integrity of the network; and (iii) congestion management in exceptional and temporary situations.
Outside these exceptions, there can be no prioritization of traffic within an internet access service. However, equal treatment permits reasonable day-to-day
traffic management according to objectively justified technical requirements, and which must be independent of the origin or destination of the traffic and
of any commercial considerations. These rules also allow internet access providers, as well as content and applications providers, to offer special services
with  specific  quality  requirements  (provided  the  Open  Internet  is  not  negatively  affected  by  the  provision  of  these  services).  Such  specialized  services
cannot be a substitute to internet access services can only be provided if there is sufficient network capacity to provide them in addition to any internet
access service and must not be to the detriment of the availability or general quality of internet access services for end-users.

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
Such  regulation  of  both  fixed  and  mobile  ISPs,  in  European  Economic  Area  (EEA)  Member  States,  may  limit  ISPs’  ability  to  manage,  prioritize  and
monetize their network. Additionally, these regulations may attract growing public debate and attention of regulators in other jurisdictions we operate in.
Demand from service providers, in affected jurisdictions, for the traffic management and subscriber management features of our products may be adversely
affected by such regulations. To date, we have not experienced any material decrease in demand for these features; however, a decrease in demand in the
future could adversely impact sales of our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our failure to comply with data privacy laws may expose us to reputational harm and potential regulatory actions and fines.

Strict  data  privacy  laws  regulating  the  collection,  transmission,  storage  and  use  of  employee  data  and  consumers’  personally-identifying  information
applicable to ISPs are evolving in the US, European Union and other jurisdictions in which we sell our products. For example, in the US, legislation has in
recent  years  been  proposed  regarding  restrictions  on  the  use  of  geolocation  information  collected  by  mobile  devices  without  consumer  consent  and
California’s  California  Consumer  Privacy  Act,  which  grants  expanded  rights  to  access  and  delete  personal  information  and  opt  out  of  certain  personal
information sharing, among other things, became effective on January 1, 2020. Similarly, the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), enforcement
of which began on May 25, 2018, creates a range of new compliance obligations, increases financial penalties for non-compliance and extends the scope of
the EU data protection law to all companies established in the EEA, and all companies established outside the EEA that either: (a) offer goods or services
to  individuals  in  the  EEA;  or  (b)  monitor  the  behavior  of  individuals  in  the  EEA.  The  GDPR  imposes  a  strict  data  protection  compliance  regime  and
includes  enhanced  rights  for  individuals.  It  applies  to  the  collection,  use,  retention,  security,  processing,  transfer  and  deletion  of  personally  identifiable
information  of  individuals,  and  creates  a  range  of  new  compliance  obligations.  Implementation  of,  and  compliance  with,  the  GDPR  has  increased,  and
could continue to increase, our cost of doing business. In addition, the GDPR may be interpreted or applied in a manner that is unforeseen by, or adverse to,
us. Violations of the GDPR may result in significant fines (up to four percent of worldwide annual turnover or EUR 20.0 million, whichever is greater) and
reputational  harm.  Such  regulations  have  increased  our  compliance  and  administrative  burden  significantly  and  require  us  to  invest  resources  and
management attention in order to update our IT systems to meet the new requirements, including those related to recordkeeping of personal identifiable
information and segregation of duties.

The GDPR and other privacy and data protection laws may be interpreted and applied differently from country to country and may create inconsistent or
conflicting requirements. Such regulations increase our customers’ compliance and administrative burden significantly and may require us to adapt certain
of our products, as well as our support and maintenance services, if necessary, to different requirements in EEA Member States, as well as in the US, in
order to allow our customers in such jurisdictions, to comply with such regulations. There is also no assurance that we will be able to adapt our products
and/or  our  support  and  maintenance  services  sufficiently  in  order  to  allow  our  customers  in  various  jurisdictions  to  comply  with  such  regulatory
requirements in each jurisdiction.

As  data  protection  and  privacy-related  laws  and  regulations  continue  to  evolve,  these  changes  may  result  in  increased  regulatory  and  public  scrutiny,
escalating levels of enforcement and sanctions and increased costs of compliance. Therefore, we may be required to modify the features and functionalities
of certain of our products, in a manner that is less attractive to customers. Such adjustments of our products, if required, may require extensive financial
investments  and  may  take  long  periods  of  time,  leading  to  delay  in  sales  cycles,  deployment  of  our  products  and  recognition  of  related  revenues.
Furthermore, we may be required to adjust the geographical and operational structure of our Customer Success department, if required, and this may entail
extensive financial investments in providing support and maintenance services.

17

 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property and Proprietary Information

If we are unable to successfully protect the intellectual property embodied in our technology, our business could be materially adversely affected.

Know-how relating to networking protocols, building carrier-grade systems, identifying applications and developing and maintaining security products is
an important aspect of our intellectual property. It is our practice to have our employees sign appropriate non-compete agreements when permitted under
applicable law. These agreements prohibit our employees who cease working for us from competing directly with us or working for our competitors for a
limited period of time. The enforceability of non-compete clauses in certain jurisdictions in which we operate may be limited. Under the current laws of
some jurisdictions in which we operate, we may be unable to enforce these agreements and it may thereby be difficult for us to restrict our competitors
from gaining the expertise our former employees gained while working for us.

Further, to protect our know-how, we customarily require our employees, distributors, resellers, software testers and contractors to execute confidentiality
agreements  or  agree  to  confidentiality  undertakings  when  their  relationship  with  us  begins.  Typically,  our  employment  contracts  also  include  clauses
regarding  assignment  of  intellectual  property  rights  for  all  inventions  developed  by  employees  and  non-disclosure  of  all  confidential  information.  We
cannot provide any assurance that the terms of these agreements are being observed and will be observed in the future. Because our product designs and
software are stored electronically and thus are highly portable, we attempt to reduce the portability of our designs and software by physically protecting our
servers  through  the  use  of  closed  networks,  which  prevent  external  access  to  our  servers.  We  cannot  be  certain,  however,  that  such  protection  will
adequately  deter  individuals  or  groups  from  wrongfully  accessing  our  technology.  Monitoring  unauthorized  use  of  intellectual  property  is  difficult  and
some foreign laws do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. We cannot be certain that the steps we have taken to
protect our proprietary information will be sufficient. In addition, to protect our intellectual property, we may become involved in litigation, which could
result  in  substantial  expenses,  divert  the  attention  of  management,  or  materially  disrupt  our  business,  all  of  which  could  adversely  affect  our  revenue,
financial condition and results of operations.

We also aim to protect our intellectual property with patent protection. As of December 31, 2023, we had a patent portfolio consisting of 29 patent families,
including 35 issued U.S. patents, 4 reissued U.S. patents 3 pending U.S. patent applications, and 40 patents issued in Canada, Israel and other jurisdictions.
There can be no assurance that: 

•

•

•

•

•

current or future U.S. or foreign patents applications will be approved;

our issued patents will protect our intellectual property and not be held invalid or unenforceable if challenged by third-parties;

we will succeed in protecting our technology adequately in all key jurisdictions in which we or our competitors operate;

the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on our ability to do business; or

others will not independently develop similar or competing products or methods or design around any patents that may be issued to us.

Any failure to obtain patents, inability to obtain patents with claims of a scope necessary to cover our technology or the invalidation of our patents may
weaken our competitive position and may adversely affect our revenues.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
We use certain “open source” software tools that may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims, the assertion of which could impair our
product development plans, interfere with our ability to support our clients or require us to pay licensing fees

Certain  of  our  products  contain  open  source  code,  and  we  may  use  more  open  source  code  in  the  future.  Open  source  code  is  the  type  of  code  that  is
covered by a license agreement that permits the user to copy, modify and distribute the software without cost, provided that users and modifiers abide by
certain licensing requirements. The original developers of the open source code provide no warranties on such code. As a result of our use of open source
software, we could be subject to suits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source code, and we may incur expenses in defending
claims that we did not abide by the open source code license. If we are not successful in defending against such claims, we may be subject to monetary
damages or be required to remove the open source code from our products. Such events could disrupt our operations and the sales of our products, which
would  negatively  impact  our  revenues  and  cash  flow.  In  addition,  under  certain  conditions,  the  use  of  open  source  code  to  create  derivative  code  may
obligate us to make the resulting derivative code available to others at no cost. If we are required to publicly disclose the source code for such derivative
products or to license our derivative products that use an open source license, our previously proprietary software products would be available to others,
including our customers and competitors without charge. While we endeavor to ensure that no open source software is used in a way which may require us
to  disclose  the  source  code  to  our  related  product,  such  use  could  inadvertently  occur.  If  we  were  required  to  make  our  software  source  code  freely
available, our business could be seriously harmed. The use of such open source code may ultimately subject some of our products to unintended conditions
so that we are required to take remedial action that may divert resources away from our development efforts.

Disruption to our IT systems could adversely affect our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Risks  related  to  cybersecurity  and  privacy,  including  the  activities  of  criminal  hackers,  hacktivists,  state-sponsored  intrusions,  industrial  espionage,
employee malfeasance and human or technological error, are constantly evolving. Computer hackers and others routinely attempt to breach the security of
companies, governmental agencies, technology products, services and systems.

Our IT systems contain personal, financial and other information that is entrusted to us by our customers and employees as well as financial, proprietary
and other confidential information related to our business, and we rely on said systems to manage our business, operations and research and development.
If these IT systems are compromised as a result of cyber-attacks or cyber-related incidents, it could result in the loss or misappropriation of sensitive data or
other disruption to our operations. Although we have a cybersecurity program designed to protect and preserve the integrity of our information technology
systems, we have experienced and expect to continue to experience cyber-attacks of our IT systems or networks (such as limited phishing, ransomware and
malware activities identified by us in the past, which were mitigated). Although none of these cyber-attacks nor breaches that have been of a minor nature,
has had a material effect on our operations or financial condition, due to our security measures and awareness, we cannot guarantee that any such incidents
would not materially harm our business in the future.

If our IT systems are compromised as a result of cyber-attacks or cyber-related incidents, it could result in the loss or misappropriation of sensitive data or
other disruption to our operations. It could also disrupt our electronic communications systems and thus our ability to conduct our business operations, our
ability to process customer orders and electronically deliver products and services and our distribution channels.

Additionally, as a provider of network intelligence and security solutions for mobile and fixed service providers, an actual or perceived cyber-attack, breach
of security or theft of personal data store by us, regardless of whether the cyber-attack, breach or theft is attributable to the failure of our products, could
adversely  affect  the  market’s  perception  of  the  efficacy  of  our  solutions,  and  current  or  potential  customers  may  look  to  our  competitors  for  alternative
solutions. A breach of our systems may also lead defects and security vulnerabilities to be introduced into our software, thereby damaging the reputation
and perceived reliability and security of our products and services and potentially making the data systems of our customers vulnerable to further data loss
and cyber incidents.

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Despite our investments in risk prevention and contingencies, data protection, prevention of intrusions, access control systems and other security measures,
we can provide no assurance that our current IT systems are fully protected against third-party intrusions, viruses, hacker attacks, information or data theft
or other similar threats. Any such security breach, whether actual or alleged, could result in system disruptions or shutdowns and/or destruction, alteration,
theft or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. Even when an actual or attempted security breach is detected, the full extent of the breach may
not be determined for some time. An increasing number of companies have disclosed security breaches of their IT systems and networks, some of which
have involved sophisticated and highly targeted attacks. We believe such incidents are likely to continue, and we are unable to predict the direct or indirect
impact of these future attacks on our business.

We may be subject to claims of intellectual property infringement by third parties that, regardless of merit, could result in litigation and our business,
operating results or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

There can be no assurance that we will not receive communications from third parties asserting that our products and other intellectual property infringe, or
may infringe their proprietary rights. We are not currently subject to any proceedings for infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights and are
not aware of any parties that intend to pursue such claims against us except for an initial approach from a competitor asserting a potential infringement
which we strongly refute. Any such claim, regardless of merit, could result in litigation, which could result in substantial expenses, divert the attention of
management, cause significant delays and materially disrupt the conduct of our business. As a consequence of such claims, we could be required to pay
substantial damage awards, develop non-infringing technology, enter into royalty-bearing licensing agreements, stop selling our products or re-brand our
products.  If  it  appears  necessary,  we  may  seek  to  license  intellectual  property  that  we  are  alleged  to  infringe.  Such  licensing  agreements  may  not  be
available  on  terms  acceptable  to  us  or  at  all.  Litigation  is  inherently  uncertain  and  any  adverse  decision  could  result  in  a  loss  of  our  proprietary  rights,
subject us to significant liabilities, require us to seek licenses from others and otherwise negatively affect our business. In the event of a successful claim of
infringement  against  us  and  our  failure  or  inability  to  develop  non-infringing  technology  or  license  the  infringed  or  similar  technology,  our  business,
operating results or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Risks Related to Our Ordinary Shares

The share price of our ordinary shares has been and may continue to be volatile.

The market price of our ordinary shares has been volatile in the past and may continue to be volatile. Our quarterly financial performance is likely to vary
in the future, and may not meet our expectations or the expectations of analysts or investors, which may lead to additional volatility in our share price.
Many factors could cause the market price of ordinary shares to fluctuate substantially, including, but not limited to:

•

•

•

•

•

announcements or introductions of technological innovations, new products, product enhancements or pricing policies by us or our competitors;

winning or losing contracts with service providers;

disputes or other developments with respect to our or our competitors’ intellectual property rights;

announcements of strategic partnerships, joint ventures, acquisitions or other agreements by us or our competitors;

recruitment or departure of key personnel;

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

•

•

regulatory developments in the markets in which we sell our products;

our future repurchases, if any, of our ordinary shares pursuant to our current share repurchase program and/or any other share repurchase program
which may be approved in the future;

our sale of ordinary shares or other securities;

changes in the estimation of the future size and growth of our markets;

• market conditions in our industry, the industries of our customers and the economy as a whole;

•

•

a failure to meet publicly announced guidance or other expectations; or

equity awards to our directors, officers and employees.

Share price fluctuations may be exaggerated if the trading volume of our ordinary shares is too low. The lack of a trading market may result in the loss of
research coverage by securities analysts. Moreover, we can provide no assurance that any securities analysts will initiate or maintain research coverage of
our company and our ordinary shares. If our future quarterly operating results are below the expectations of securities analysts or investors, the price of our
ordinary shares would likely decline. Securities class action litigation has often been brought against companies following periods of volatility.

Our  shareholders  do  not  have  the  same  protections  afforded  to  shareholders  of  a  U.S.  company  because  we  have  elected  to  use  certain  exemptions
available to foreign private issuers from certain corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”).

As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted under Nasdaq Rule 5615(a)(3) to follow Israeli corporate governance practices instead of Nasdaq requirements
that  apply  to  U.S.  companies.  As  a  condition  to  following  Israeli  corporate  governance  practices,  we  must  disclose  which  requirements  we  are  not
following and describe the equivalent Israeli law requirement. We must also provide Nasdaq with a letter from our Israeli outside counsel, certifying that
our corporate governance practices are not prohibited by Israeli law. As a result of these exemptions, our shareholders do not have the same protections as
are afforded to shareholders of a U.S. company.

We currently follow Israeli home country practices with regard to the quorum requirement for shareholder meetings and shareholder approval of equity
compensation plans requirements. As permitted under the Israeli Companies Law, 5759-1999, or the Companies Law, our articles of association provide
that the quorum for any meeting of shareholders shall be the presence of at least two shareholders present in person or by proxy who hold at least 25% of
the voting power of our shares instead of 33% of our issued share capital (as prescribed by Nasdaq’s rules). We do not seek shareholder approval for (i)
equity compensation plans in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Law, which does not reflect the requirements of Rule 5635(c), (ii) the
issuance of securities that would result in a change of control, which does not reflect the requirements of Rule 5635(b), and (iii) certain private issuances of
securities representing more than 20% of our outstanding shares or voting power at below market prices, which does not reflect the requirements of Rule
5635(b).

In the future, we may also choose to follow Israeli corporate governance practices instead of Nasdaq requirements with regard to, among other things, the
composition of our board of directors, compensation of officers, director nomination procedures and quorum requirements at shareholders’ meetings. In
addition, we may choose to follow Israeli corporate governance practice instead of Nasdaq requirements to obtain shareholder approval for certain dilutive
events. Accordingly, our shareholders may not be afforded the same protection as provided under Nasdaq corporate governance rules. Following our home
country governance practices, as opposed to the requirements that would otherwise apply to a U.S. company listed on Nasdaq, may provide less protection
than is accorded to investors of domestic issuers. See “ITEM 16G: Corporate Governance.”

21

 
 
 
 
 
As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to the provisions of Regulation FD or U.S. proxy rules and are exempt from filing certain Exchange Act
reports.

As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules and regulations under the Exchange Act related to the furnishing and content of proxy statements,
and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of
the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file annual and current reports and financial statements with the SEC as
frequently  or  as  promptly  as  U.S.  domestic  companies  whose  securities  are  registered  under  the  Exchange  Act.  We  are  permitted  to  disclose  limited
compensation information for our executive officers on an individual basis and we are generally exempt from filing quarterly reports with the SEC under
the Exchange Act. Moreover, we are not required to comply with Regulation FD, which restricts the selective disclosure of material nonpublic information
to, among others, broker-dealers and holders of a company’s securities under circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable that the holder will trade
in the company’s securities on the basis of the information. These exemptions and leniencies reduce the frequency and scope of information and protections
to which you may otherwise have been eligible in relation to a U.S. domestic issuer.

We would lose our foreign private issuer status if (a) a majority of our outstanding voting securities were either directly or indirectly owned of record by
residents of the United States and (b) either (i) a majority of our executive officers or directors were United States citizens or residents, (ii) more than 50%
of our assets were located in the United States or (iii) our business were administered principally in the United States. Our loss of foreign private issuer
status would make U.S. regulatory provisions mandatory. The regulatory and compliance costs to us under U.S. securities laws as a U.S. domestic issuer
may be significantly higher. If we are not a foreign private issuer, we will be required to file periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic
issuer forms with the SEC, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We would also be required to follow
U.S. proxy disclosure requirements, including the requirement to disclose, under U.S. law, more detailed information about the compensation of our senior
executive  officers  on  an  individual  basis.  We  may  also  be  required  to  modify  certain  of  our  policies  to  comply  with  accepted  governance  practices
associated with U.S. domestic issuers. Such conversion and modifications will involve additional costs. In addition, we would lose our ability to rely upon
exemptions from certain Nasdaq corporate governance requirements that are available to foreign private issuers.

Certain  U.S.  holders  of  our  ordinary  shares  may  suffer  adverse  tax  consequences  if  we  or  any  of  our  non-US  subsidiaries  are  characterized  as  a
“controlled foreign corporation,” or a CFC, under Section 957(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

A non-U.S. corporation is considered a CFC if more than 50% of (1) the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of such corporation entitled to
vote, or (2) the total value of the stock of such corporation, is owned, or is considered as owned by applying certain constructive ownership rules, including
certain downward attribution rules by United States shareholders who each own stock representing 10% or more of the vote or 10% or more of the value on
any day during the taxable year of such non-U.S. corporation (“10% U.S. Shareholder”). Because our group includes one or more U.S. subsidiaries, certain
of our non-U.S. subsidiaries will be treated as CFCs (regardless of whether or not we are treated as a CFC). Generally, 10% U.S. Shareholders of a CFC are
required to report annually and include currently in its U.S. taxable income such 10% U.S. Shareholder’s pro rata share of the CFC’s “Subpart F income,”
“global  intangible  low-taxed  income,”  and  investments  in  U.S.  property  by  CFCs,  regardless  of  whether  we  make  an  actual  distribution  to  such
shareholders.  “Subpart  F  income”  includes,  among  other  things,  certain  passive  income  (such  as  income  from  dividends,  interests,  royalties,  rents  and
annuities or gain from the sale of property that produces such types of income) and certain sales and services income arising in connection with transactions
between the CFC and a person related to the CFC.

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Any  individual  that  is  a  10%  U.S.  Shareholder  with  respect  to  a  CFC  generally  would  not  be  allowed  certain  tax  deductions  or  foreign  tax  credits  that
would  be  allowed  to  a  10%  U.S.  Shareholder  that  is  a  U.S.  corporation.  Failure  to  comply  with  these  reporting  obligations  may  subject  a  10%  U.S.
Shareholder to significant monetary penalties and may prevent the statute of limitations with respect to such shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax return
for the year for which reporting was due from starting. We cannot provide any assurances that we will assist investors in determining whether any of our
non-U.S. subsidiaries is treated as a CFC or whether any investor is treated as a 10% U.S. Shareholder with respect to any such CFC or furnish to any 10%
United States shareholders information that may be necessary to comply with the aforementioned reporting and tax payment obligations. A United States
investor should consult its tax advisors regarding the potential application of these rules to an investment in our ordinary shares.

Your percentage ownership in the Company may be diluted in the future because of equity awards that have been, or may be, granted to our directors,
officers and employees.

We have adopted equity compensation plans that provide for the grant of equity-based awards, including restricted units and share options to our directors,
officers,  and  other  employees.  As  of  March  31,  2024,  we  had  3,955,755  options  and  restricted  units  outstanding  to  employees  and  directors  of  the
Company, and there were 252,847 shares available for future awards under our equity compensation plans. The vesting of restricted units and granting of
share options are generally contingent upon performance and/or service conditions. Vesting of those shares of restricted units and share would dilute the
ownership interest of existing shareholders. Equity awards will continue to be a source of compensation for employees and directors going forward.

We may fail to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business, which could cause our share price to decline.

We  may  provide  from  time  to  time  guidance  regarding  our  expected  financial  and  business  performance.  Correctly  identifying  key  factors  affecting
business conditions and predicting future events is inherently an uncertain process, and our guidance may not ultimately be accurate and has in the past
been inaccurate in certain respects. Our guidance is based on certain assumptions such as those relating to anticipated production and sales volumes (which
generally are not linear throughout a given period), average sales prices, and supplier and commodity costs. If our guidance varies from actual results due
to our assumptions not being met or the impact on our financial performance that could occur as a result of various risks and uncertainties, the market value
of our ordinary shares could decline significantly.

Risks Relating to our Indebtedness and Capital Structure

The issuance of ordinary shares upon conversion of the Note (as defined below) could substantially dilute your investment and could impede our ability
to obtain additional financing.

On February 18, 2022, we issued to Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP a senior unsecured promissory note in an aggregate principal amount of $40 million
(the “Note”). The Note is convertible into our ordinary shares at an initial conversion rate of 97.0874 ordinary shares per $1,000 of the principal amount
being converted (based on an initial conversion price equal to $10.30 per ordinary share). The conversion price decreases by up to two $1 increments if we
elect to extend the maturity of the Note by up to two successive years following the initial maturity date of February 14, 2025. Conversion of the Note
would  result  in  dilution  to  the  equity  interests  of  our  other  shareholders.  We  have  no  control  over  whether  or  when  the  holder  will  exercise  its  right  to
convert  the  Note.  We  cannot  predict  the  market  price  of  our  ordinary  shares  at  any  future  date,  and  therefore  cannot  predict  whether  the  Note  will  be
converted. The existence and potentially dilutive impact of the conversion of the Note may prevent us from obtaining additional financing in the future on
acceptable terms, or at all.

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our  indebtedness  and  liabilities  could  limit  the  cash  flow  available  for  our  operations,  expose  us  to  risks  that  could  adversely  affect  our  business,
financial condition and results of operations, restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness and impair our ability to satisfy our obligations under
the Note.

Our  indebtedness  could  have  material  adverse  consequences  for  our  security  holders  and  our  business,  results  of  operations  and  financial  condition  by,
among other things:

•

•

•

•

•

increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions;

limiting our ability to obtain additional financing;

limiting our flexibility to plan for, or react to, changes in our business;

diluting the interests of our existing shareholders as a result of issuing ordinary shares upon conversion of the Note; and

placing us at a possible competitive disadvantage with competitors that are less leveraged than us or have better access to capital.

The Note includes financially restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur additional debt. Without the consent of the holders of
a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Note, we may not create, incur, assume or be liable for any indebtedness for borrowed money unless the
aggregate principal amount of such indebtedness does not exceed $5 million.

The Note matures on February 14, 2025, subject to our right to extend it for two successive years. At maturity, unless converted or redeemed, we will need
to repay the principal amount under the Note. Our business may not generate sufficient funds, and we may otherwise be unable to maintain sufficient cash
reserves, to pay amounts due under our indebtedness, including the Note, and our cash needs may increase in the future.

We may be unable to raise the funds necessary to repurchase the Note for cash following a change of control, or to pay any cash amounts due upon
redemption or conversion, and our other indebtedness may limit our ability to repurchase the Note or pay cash upon its conversion.

In the event of a change of control, the holder of the Note has the right to require us to convert all or a portion of the Note to ordinary shares or redeem all
(but  not  less  than  all)  of  the  outstanding  principal  amount  of  the  Note.  In  the  event  of  such  conversion  or  redemption  in  connection  with  a  change  of
control, we will also be required to pay to the holder an amount in cash equal to 6% per annum of the then-outstanding principal amount of the Note. We
may  not  have  enough  available  cash  or  be  able  to  obtain  financing  at  the  time  we  are  required  to  redeem  the  Note  or  pay  the  cash  amounts  due  upon
conversion or redemption. In addition, applicable law, regulatory authorities and the agreements governing any future indebtedness may restrict our ability
to repurchase the Note or pay the cash amounts due upon conversion or redemption. Our failure to repurchase the Note or to pay the cash amounts due
upon  conversion  or  redemption  when  required  will  constitute  a  default  under  the  Note.  A  default  under  the  Note  could  also  lead  to  a  default  under
agreements  governing  any  future  indebtedness,  which  may  result  in  that  other  indebtedness  becoming  immediately  payable  in  full.  We  may  not  have
sufficient funds to satisfy all amounts due under such other indebtedness and the Note.

Provisions in the Note could delay or prevent an otherwise beneficial takeover of us.

Certain provisions in the Note could make a third-party attempt to acquire us more difficult or expensive. For example, if a takeover constitutes a change of
control,  then  the  noteholder  will  have  the  right  to  convert  all  or  a  portion  of  the  Note  or  redeem  all  (but  not  less  than  all)  of  the  outstanding  principal
amount of the Note. In this case, and in other cases, our obligations under the Note could increase the cost of acquiring us or otherwise discourage a third
party from acquiring us, including in a transaction that holders of our ordinary shares may view as favorable.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Relating to our Location in Israel

Conditions in Israel could adversely affect our business.

We  are  incorporated  under  Israeli  law  and  our  principal  offices,  research  and  development  division  and  manufacturing  facilities  are  located  in  Israel.
Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in Israel directly affect our business.  Since the State of Israel was established in 1948, a number
of armed conflicts have occurred between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Although Israel has entered into various agreements with Egypt, Jordan and the
Palestinian  Authority,  there  has  been  an  increase  in  unrest  and  terrorist  activity,  which  began  in  September  2000  and  continued  with  varying  levels  of
severity throughout 2023.

On October 7, 2023, terrorists from Hamas and other terrorist organizations infiltrated Israel’s southern border from the Gaza Strip and conducted a series
of attacks on civilian and military targets, including widespread killings and kidnappings. They also launched extensive rocket attacks on the Israeli civilian
population. Shortly following the attack, Israel declared war against Hamas. Furthermore, following Hamas’ attack on Israel and Israel’s security cabinet
declaration of war against Hamas, the Houthi movement, which controls parts of Yemen, launched a number of attacks on marine vessels traversing the
Red Sea, which marine vessels were thought to either be in route towards Israel or to be partly owned by Israeli businessmen. There has also been increased
fighting  along  Israel’s  northern  border  with  Lebanon.  The  south  of  Lebanon  is  occupied  by  Hezbollah,  a  paramilitary  organization  backed  by  Iran.  In
addition, Iran has threatened to attack Israel and has been developing a nuclear program.

To  date,  none  of  our  facilities  or  infrastructure  have  been  damaged  nor  have  our  supply  chains  been  significantly  impacted  since  the  war  broke  out.
However, a prolonged war could adversely impact our supply chain and our ability to ship products from Israel, which could disrupt our operations.  Our
commercial  insurance  does  not  cover  losses  that  may  occur  as  a  result  of  events  associated  with  war  and  terrorism.  Although  the  Israeli  government
currently covers the reinstatement value of direct damages that are caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war, we cannot assure you that this government
coverage will be maintained or that it will sufficiently cover our potential damages. Any losses or damages incurred by us could have a material adverse
effect on our business.

In the past, the State of Israel and Israeli companies have been subjected to economic boycotts. Several countries still restrict business with the State of
Israel  and  with  Israeli  companies.  These  restrictive  laws  and  policies  may  have  an  adverse  impact  on  our  operating  results,  financial  condition  or  the
expansion of our business. A campaign of boycotts, divestment and sanctions has been undertaken against Israel, which could also adversely impact our
business.

Our operations may be disrupted by the obligations of personnel to perform military service.

As of December 31, 2023, we employed 559 Employees, of whom 222 were based in Israel. Some of our employees in Israel are obligated to perform
annual  military  reserve  duty  in  the  Israel  Defense  Forces,  depending  on  their  age  and  position  in  the  army.  Additionally,  they  may  be  called  to  active
reserve duty at any time under emergency circumstances for extended periods of time. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence of one or more of
our executive officers or key employees for a significant period due to military service and any significant disruption in our operations could harm our
business.  The  full  impact  on  our  workforce  or  business  if  some  of  our  executive  officers  and  employees  are  called  upon  to  perform  military  service,
especially in times of national emergency, is difficult to predict.

25

 
 
 
 
The tax benefits that are available to us require us to meet several conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which would increase
our costs and taxes.

Our investment program in equipment at our facility in Hod-Hasharon, Israel, has been granted Approved Enterprise status and we are therefore eligible for
tax benefits under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, referred to as the Investments Law. We have also been granted
benefited  enterprise  status  in  prior  years,  but  beginning  in  2021,  this  status  is  no  longer  applicable  to  us.  We  expect  that  the  Approved  Enterprise  tax
benefits will be available to us after we utilize our net operating loss carry forwards As of December 31, 2023, our net operating loss carry forwards for
Israeli  tax  purposes  amounted  to  approximately  $119  million.  To  remain  eligible  for  these  tax  benefits,  we  must  continue  to  meet  certain  conditions
stipulated in the Investments Law and its regulations and the criteria set forth in the specific certificate of approval. If we do not meet these requirements,
the tax benefits would be canceled and we could be required to refund any tax benefits and investment grants that we received in the past. Further, in the
future these tax benefits may be reduced or discontinued. If these tax benefits are cancelled, our Israeli taxable income would be subject to regular Israeli
corporate tax rates. The standard corporate tax rate in Israel since the 2018 tax year is 23%.

Effective January 1, 2011, the Investments Law was amended (the “2011 Amendment”) to revise the criteria for receiving tax benefits. Under the transition
provisions  of  the  2011  Amendment,  a  company  may  decide  to  irrevocably  implement  the  2011  Amendment  while  waiving  benefits  provided  under  the
Investments Law’s prior benefits programs or to remain subject to the Investments Law’s prior benefits programs. We have opted not to apply the benefits
under the 2011 Amendment, however, in the future, we may not be eligible to receive additional tax benefits as were made available under the Investments
Law  prior  to  the  2011 Amendment.  The  termination  or  reduction  of  these  tax  benefits  would  increase  our  tax  liability,  which  would  reduce  our  profits.
Finally, in the event of a distribution of a dividend from the abovementioned tax-exempt income, we would also be subject to income tax on the amount
distributed  in  accordance  with  the  effective  corporate  tax  rate  which  would  have  been  applied  had  we  not  enjoyed  the  exemption.  See  “ITEM  10:
Additional Information-Taxation-Israeli Tax Considerations and Government Programs.”

No assurance can be given that we will be eligible to receive additional tax benefits under the Investments Law in the future. The termination or reduction
of these tax benefits would increase our tax liability in the future, which would reduce our profits or increase our losses. Additionally, if we increase our
activities outside of Israel, for example, by future acquisitions, our increased activities may not be eligible for inclusion in Israeli tax benefit programs.

The government grants we have received for research and development expenditures require us to satisfy specified conditions and restrict our ability to
manufacture products and transfer technologies outside of Israel. If we fail to comply with these conditions or such restrictions, we may be required to
refund grants previously received together with interest and penalties and may be subject to criminal charges.

We have received grants from the Israel Innovation Authority (formerly known as the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Economy) for the
financing of a portion of our research and development expenditures in Israel, pursuant to the provisions of The Encouragement of Research, Development
and  Innovation  in  Industry  Law,  1984,  referred  to  as  the  Research  and  Development  Law.  In  the  future  we  may  not  receive  grants  or  we  may  receive
significantly smaller grants from the Israel Innovation Authority, and our failure to receive grants in the future could adversely affect our profitability. In
2022, we recognized non-royalty-bearing grants totaling $0.5 million, representing 1% of our gross research and development expenditures. In 2023, we
recognized  non-royalty-bearing  grants  totaling  $0.6  million,  representing  1%  of  our  gross  research  and  development  expenditures.  In  each  of  the  years
2023  and  2022,  we  qualified  to  participate  in  one  non-royalty-bearing  research  and  development  program,  funded  by  the  Israel  Innovation Authority  to
develop generic technology relevant to the development of our products. Such programs are approved pursuant to special provisions of the Research and
Development  Law.  In  the  past  three  years,  we  were  eligible  to  receive  grants  constituting  of  up  to  53%  of  certain  research  and  development  expenses
relating to these programs. Although the grants under these programs are not required to be repaid by way of royalties, the restrictions of the Research and
Development Law described below apply to these programs.

The provisions of the Research and Development Law and the terms of the Israel Innovation Authority grants prohibit us from transferring manufacturing
products which we originally planned to manufacture in Israel outside of Israel if they incorporate technologies funded by the Israel Innovation Authority,
and  from  transferring  intellectual  property  rights  in  technologies  developed  using  these  grants,  without  special  approvals  from  the  Israel  Innovation
Authority.

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Even if we receive approval to manufacture our products outside of Israel, we may be required to pay an increased total amount of royalties, which may be
up to 150% of the grant amount plus interest, depending on our manufacturing volume outside Israel. This restriction may impair our ability to outsource
manufacturing or engage in similar arrangements for those products or technologies. Know-how developed under an approved research and development
program may not be transferred to any third-parties, except in certain circumstances and subject to prior approval. Similarly, even if we receive approval to
transfer  intellectual  property  rights  in  technologies  developed  using  these  grants,  we  may  be  required  to  repay  up  to  6  times  of  the  original  grants  plus
LIBOR interest to the Israel Innovation Authority. In addition, if we fail to comply with any of the conditions and restrictions imposed by the Research and
Development Law or by the specific terms under which we received the grants, we may be required to refund any grants previously received together with
interest and penalties, and we may be subject to criminal charges.

It may be difficult to enforce a U.S. judgment against us, our officers and directors, or our auditors in Israel or the United States, or to assert U.S.
securities laws claims in Israel or serve process on our officers and directors or our auditors.

We are incorporated in Israel. The majority of our executive officers and directors, and our auditors are not residents of the U.S., and the majority of our
assets and the assets of these persons are located outside the U.S. Therefore, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to enforce a
U.S. court judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us or any of these persons in a U.S. or Israeli court,
or to effect service of process upon these persons in the United States. Additionally, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to
assert U.S. securities law claims in original actions instituted in Israel. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on a violation of U.S. securities laws
on the grounds that Israel is not the most appropriate forum in which to bring such a claim. Even if an Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine
that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact
which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by Israeli law. There is little binding case law in
Israel addressing the matters described above.

Provisions of Israeli law and our articles of association may delay, prevent or make undesirable an acquisition of all or a significant portion of our
shares or assets.

Our articles of association contain certain provisions that may delay or prevent a change of control, including a classified board of directors. In addition,
Israeli corporate law regulates acquisitions of shares through tender offers and mergers, requires special approvals for transactions involving significant
shareholders and regulates other matters that may be relevant to these types of transactions. These provisions of Israeli law could delay or prevent a change
in control and may make it more difficult for third-parties to acquire us, even if doing so would be beneficial to our shareholders, and may limit the price
that  investors  may  be  willing  to  pay  for  our  ordinary  shares  in  the  future.  Furthermore,  Israeli  tax  considerations  may  make  potential  transactions
undesirable  to  us  or  to  some  of  our  shareholders.  See  “ITEM  10:  Additional  Information-Memorandum  and  Articles  of  Association-Acquisitions  under
Israeli Law” and “-Anti-Takeover Measures.”

General Risk Factors

Our financial results may differ materially from any guidance we may publish from time to time.

We may, from time to time, voluntarily publish guidance regarding our future performance that represents our management’s estimates as of the date of
relevant release. Any such guidance is based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while presented with numerical specificity, is inherently
subject  to  significant  business,  economic  and  competitive  uncertainties  and  contingencies,  many  of  which  are  beyond  our  control  and  are  based  upon
specific assumptions with respect to future business decisions, some of which will change. The principal reason that we may release this data is to provide a
basis for our management to discuss our business outlook with analysts and investors. We do not accept any responsibility for any projections or reports
published by any such persons. Guidance is necessarily speculative in nature, and it can be expected that some or all of the assumptions of the guidance
furnished by us will not materialize or will vary significantly from actual results. Further, our sales during any given quarter tend to be unevenly distributed
as individual orders tend to close in greater numbers immediately prior to the relevant quarter end and further. Our revenues from individual customers may
also  fluctuate  from  time  to  time  based  on  the  timing  and  the  terms  under  which  further  orders  are  received  and  the  duration  of  the  delivery  and
implementation of such orders. Therefore, if our projected sales do not close before the end of the relevant quarter, our actual results may be inconsistent
with our published guidance. Accordingly, our guidance is only an estimate of what management believes is realizable as of the date of release. Actual
results will vary from the guidance and the variations may be material. Investors should also recognize that the reliability of any forecasted financial data
diminishes  the  farther  in  the  future  that  the  data  is  forecast.  In  light  of  the  foregoing,  investors  are  urged  to  consider  any  guidance  we  may  publish  in
context and not to place undue reliance on it.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our financial condition and results of operations may be harmed by political events and regulatory developments that could have a material adverse
effect on global economic condition.

Significant political or regulatory developments in the jurisdictions in which we sell our products, such as those stemming from the recent change in the
presidential administration in the U.S. or the U.K.’s exit from the E.U., are difficult to predict and may have a material adverse effect on us. For example, in
the United States, tariffs have recently been imposed on imports from China, Mexico, Canada and other countries, and there may be further restrictions on
free trade and has increased tariffs on goods imported into the United States. Changes in U.S. political, regulatory and economic conditions or in its policies
governing international trade and foreign manufacturing and investment in the U.S. could materially adversely affect our sales in the U.S.

In the United Kingdom, following the vote to approve an exit from the E.U., commonly referred to as “Brexit,” the government officially separated from
the E.U. on January 31, 2020. A transition period ended on December 31, 2020, during which the U.K. and the E.U. negotiated the terms of the U.K.’s
relationship with the E.U. going forward. With the implementation of the E.U.-U.K. Trade and Cooperation Agreement beginning on January 1, 2021, it is
still unclear how the deal will impact relationships within the U.K. and between the U.K. and other countries on many aspects of fiscal policy, cross-border
trade and international relations. The Trade and Cooperation Agreement could potentially disrupt the free movement of goods, services and people between
the  U.K.  and  the  E.U.,  undermine  bilateral  cooperation  in  key  geographic  areas  and  significantly  disrupt  trade  between  the  U.K.  and  the  E.U.  or  other
nations as the U.K. pursues independent trade relations. Because this is an unprecedented event, it is unclear what long-term economic, financial, trade, tax
and legal implications Brexit would have and how it would affect the regulation applicable to our business globally and in the region. The impact on us will
depend,  in  part,  on  the  outcome  of  tariff,  trade,  regulatory  and  other  negotiations.  Brexit  could  also  lead  to  legal  uncertainty  and  potentially  divergent
national laws and regulations as the U.K. determines which E.U. laws to replace or replicate. In addition, Brexit may lead other E.U. member countries to
consider referendums regarding their European Union membership. Any of these developments, along with any political, economic and regulatory changes
that may occur, could cause political and economic uncertainty in Europe and internationally and could materially adversely affect our sales in Europe.

We may expand our business or enhance our technology through acquisitions that could result in diversion of resources and extra expenses. This could
disrupt our business and adversely affect our financial condition.

Part  of  our  strategy  is  to  selectively  pursue  partnerships  and  acquisitions.  We  have  acquired  a  number  of  companies  in  the  past.  The  negotiation  of
acquisitions,  investments  or  joint  ventures,  as  well  as  the  integration  of  acquired  or  jointly  developed  businesses  or  technologies,  could  divert  our
management’s time and resources. Acquired businesses, technologies or joint ventures may not be successfully integrated with our products and operations
and we may not realize the intended benefits of these acquisitions. We may also incur future losses from any acquisition, investment or joint venture. In
addition, acquisitions could result in:

•

substantial cash expenditures;

28

 
 
 
 
 
•

•

•

•

potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities;

the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities;

a decrease in our profit margins; and

amortization of intangibles and potential impairment of goodwill.

Our business may be materially affected by changes to fiscal and tax policies. Potentially negative or unexpected tax consequences of these policies, or
the uncertainty surrounding their potential effects, could adversely affect our results of operations and share price.

As  we  operate  in  the  global  market,  we  are  subject  to  taxation  in  Israel  and  various  jurisdictions  in  which  we  conduct  our  business.  Our  tax  expenses
include  the  impact  of  tax  exposures  in  certain  jurisdictions,  and  may  also  be  affected  by  adverse  changes  in  the  underlying  profitability  and  financial
outlook  of  our  operations  or  changes  in  tax  laws,  including  introduction  of  unilateral  taxation  such  as  digital  services  taxes  in  certain  countries,
international tax treaties, guidelines such as the OECD inclusive framework on BEPS, proposed regimes informally known as Pillar 2 which apply to large
multinational corporations, or EU ATAD I and II, all of which could lead to an increase in our effective tax rate or to changes in our valuation allowances
against deferred tax assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Furthermore, we are subject to tax audits by governmental authorities everywhere we do
business. If we experience unfavorable results from one or more such tax audits, there could be an adverse effect on our tax rate and therefore on our net
income. Our results of operations may also be affected by changes in tax laws, tax rates or double tax treaties.

London  Interbank  Offered  Rate  (“LIBOR”)  and  other  interest  rates  that  are  indices  deemed  to  be  “benchmarks”  are  the  subject  of  recent  and  ongoing
national,  international  and  other  regulatory  guidance  and  proposals  for  reform.  Some  of  these  reforms  are  already  effective,  while  others  are  still  to  be
implemented. These reforms may cause such benchmarks to perform differently than in the past, or to disappear entirely as in the case of LIBOR, or have
other consequences that cannot be predicted. Any such consequence could have a material adverse effect on our future debt linked to such a “benchmark”
and our ability to service debt that bears interest at floating rates of interest.

If the price of our ordinary shares declines, we may be more vulnerable to an unsolicited or hostile acquisition bid.

We do not have a controlling shareholder. Notwithstanding provisions of our articles of association and Israeli law, a decline in the price of our ordinary
shares  may  result  in  us  becoming  subject  to  an  unsolicited  or  hostile  acquisition  bid.  In  the  event  that  such  a  bid  is  publicly  disclosed,  it  may  result  in
increased speculation regarding our company and volatility in our share price even if our board of directors decides not to pursue a transaction. If our board
of directors does pursue a transaction, there can be no assurance that it will be consummated successfully or that the price paid will represent a premium
above the original price paid for our shares by all of our shareholders.

Additionally, in recent years, U.S. and non-U.S. companies listed on securities exchanges in the United States have been faced with governance-related
demands  from  activist  shareholders,  unsolicited  tender  offers  and  proxy  contests. Although  as  a  foreign  private  issuer  we  are  not  subject  to  U.S.  proxy
rules,  responding  to  any  action  of  this  type  by  activist  shareholders  could  be  costly  and  time-consuming,  disrupting  our  operations  and  diverting  the
attention of management and our employees. Such activities could interfere with our ability to execute our strategic plans. In addition, a proxy contest for
the election of directors at our annual meeting would require us to incur significant legal fees and proxy solicitation expenses and require significant time
and  attention  by  management  and  our  board  of  directors.  The  perceived  uncertainties  due  to  such  actions  of  activist  shareholders  also  could  affect  the
market price of our securities.

Adverse resolution of litigation may harm our operating results or financial condition.

We  are  a  party  to  lawsuits  in  the  normal  course  of  our  business.  Litigation  can  be  expensive,  lengthy,  and  disruptive  to  normal  business  operations.
Moreover, the results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict. Unfavorable resolution of lawsuits could have a material adverse effect on our
business, operating results, or financial condition.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 4: Information on Allot

A. History and Development of Allot

Our History

Our legal and commercial name is Allot Ltd. We were incorporated on November 12, 1996. We are a company limited by shares organized under the laws
of the State of Israel. Our principal executive offices are located at 22 Hanagar Street, Neve Ne’eman Industrial Zone B, Hod-Hasharon 4501317, Israel,
and our telephone number is +972 (9) 761-9200. We have irrevocably appointed Allot Communications Inc. as our agent to receive service of process in
any action against us in any United States federal or state court. The address of Allot Communications Inc. is 1500 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803.

Our website address is www.allot.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this annual
report and is not incorporated by reference herein. We have included our website address in this annual report solely for informational purposes. Our SEC
filings are available to you on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information
regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The information on that website is not part of this annual report and is not incorporated by reference
herein.

B. Business Overview

Overview

We  are  a  provider  of  leading  innovative  security  solutions  and  network  intelligence  solutions  for  mobile,  fixed  and  cloud  service  providers  as  well  as
enterprises worldwide. For 25 years, our solutions have been deployed globally for network-based security, including mobile security, distributed denial of
service  (“DDoS”)  protection  and  Internet  of  Things  (“IoT”)  security,  network  and  application  analytics,  traffic  control  and  shaping,  and  more.  More
recently, we have cultivated a strategic focus on the expansion and advancement of our SECaaS product offerings.

The Company delivers a unified security service for individual consumers and small and medium-sized businesses (“SMBs”), at home, at work and on the
go, with the Allot Secure product family. Our Allot Security Management product is, to our knowledge, the only platform that unifies security services for
mobile, fixed and 5G converged networks.

Our industry-leading network-based SECaaS solution has previously achieved up to 50% penetration with some service providers and is already used by
over 20 million subscribers globally. Our multi-service platforms (AllotSmart) are deployed by over 500 mobile, fixed and cloud service providers and over
1,000 enterprises.

We have a global and diverse customer base composed of mobile and fixed broadband service providers, cable operators, satellite service providers, private
networks,  data  centers,  governments,  and  enterprises  such  as  financial  and  educational  institutions.  We  have  a  strong  backlog  representing  customers’
orders  for  products  and  services  not  yet  recognized  as  revenues.  Backlog  is  subject  to  delivery  delays  or  program  cancellations,  which  are  beyond  our
control.

With over 20 years of experience empowering service providers and enterprises to get more out of their networks and to manage them better, we enable
network operators and enterprises to detect security breaches, to protect their own networks and their users from attacks, to clearly see and understand their
networks from within, to optimize, innovate and capitalize on every opportunity, to learn about users and network behaviors, and to improve Quality of
Service (“QoS”) and reduce costs, all while increasing value to customers and deploying new services faster.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Through  our  combination  of  innovative  technology,  proven  know-how  and  collaborative  approach  to  industry  standards  and  partnerships,  we  deliver
solutions  that  equip  service  providers  with  the  capabilities  to  elevate  their  role  as  premier  digital  services  providers  and  to  expand  into  new  business
opportunities.  We  offer  our  customers  market  leading,  proprietary  technologies  that  are  powerful,  diverse  and  scalable.  In  addition,  we  have  developed
significant industry know-how and expertise through our experience in designing and implementing use cases with our large customer base.

We generated total revenues of $93 million in the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of 24% over the prior year. In 2023, 23% of our revenues
were attributable to security solutions, and 77% of our revenues were attributable to network intelligence solutions.

Industry Overview

Security Solutions

As  the  number  of  networks,  applications  and  network-connected  devices  has  increased,  consumers  and  SMBs  have  become  increasingly  vulnerable  to
cyber  threats  and  crime,  and  communication  service  providers  (“CSPs”)  have  begun  to  encounter  complex  operational  challenges  requiring  nuanced
solutions.

•

•

Network Security Threats: As reliance on the Internet has grown, service providers and enterprise networks have become increasingly vulnerable
to a wide range of security threats, including DDoS attacks, spambots, malware and other threats. These attacks are designed to flood the network
with  traffic  that  consumes  all  available  bandwidth,  impeding  operators’  ability  to  provide  high  quality  broadband  access  to  subscribers  or
preventing  enterprises  from  using  mission-critical  applications.  These  threats  also  compromise  network  and  data  integrity.  We  believe  service
providers and enterprises can better protect against such attacks by detecting and neutralizing malicious traffic at very early stages, before such
threats can compromise network integrity and services.

End-User Security Threats: Broadband devices and mobile devices have also become increasingly vulnerable to online threats, such as malware,
ransomware  and  phishing.  Broadband  and  mobile  device  users  have  limited  cyber-security  expertise  and  therefore  present  easy  targets  for
cybercriminals.  In  recent  years,  we  have  seen  a  growing  demand  from  large  and  mid-size  operators  to  offer  such  security  services  to  their
customers-both individual consumers and small and mid-size businesses. We believe few consumers download security applications to all of their
personal devices, but CSPs are well positioned to provide security services because they are the sole providers of access to the network for their
consumers,  are  capable  of  blocking  attacks  before  they  reach  the  consumer  and  have  multiple  touch  points  with  consumers  as  trusted  brands,
through  ongoing  customer  support  and  frequent  communication.  Research  conducted  in  partnership  with  Coleman  Parkes  Research  in  2022
revealed that 84% of consumers believe that security solutions should already be on the device or the responsibility of the devise manufacturer or
CSPs.  Further,  data  provided  and  developed  by  Coleman  Parkes  Research  in  a  separate  research  study  of  consumers’  attitudes  toward
cybersecurity  revealed  that  68%  of  mobile  users  are  willing  to  pay  an  additional  $3  per  month  for  a  security  service,  and  that  64%  of  fixed
broadband users are willing to pay an additional $6 per month for broadband a security service.

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
Network Visibility and Traffic Management Solutions

The  rapid  proliferation  of  broadband  networks  in  recent  years  has  been  driven  largely  by  demand  from  users  for  faster  and  more  reliable  access  to  the
Internet  and  by  the  increased  number  and  complexity  of  broadband  applications,  as  well  as  the  proliferation  of  mobile  smartphones,  tablets  and  other
Internet-connected devices. As a result of this rapid proliferation, service providers have been forced to invest heavily in network infrastructure upgrades
and customer support services to maintain the quality of experience for subscribers. Further, the cost of increasing the bandwidth in mobile networks is
significantly  higher  than  that  in  wireline  networks,  and  mobile  operators  require  intelligent  bandwidth  management  solutions  to  handle  increased  data
traffic and the requirement for continuous low-latency transmission. Moreover, to offset the increased investment and operational costs, CSPs need to be
able to offer premium services to consumers. To offer premium services, to guarantee high-quality delivery of content and user experience, to optimize
bandwidth utilization and to reduce operational costs, CSPs need enhanced visibility into and control of network traffic, including visibility into the type of
applications used on the network and levels of traffic generated by different subscribers.

Our Security Solutions

Our Security-as-a-Service Market Opportunity

For CSPs offering the Allot solutions as security services to their subscribers, the Allot SECaaS solutions are offered to the CSPs on a revenue sharing
basis, in which both Allot and the operator share the revenue generated from the operator’s subscribers for the use of Allot security services, or offered for
a fixed yearly fee or a fixed fee up to an agreed number of subscribers.

Our Products

Allot  provides  a  comprehensive  security  solution,  referred  to  as  Allot  Secure  360,  to  protect  network  customers,  network  service  integrity  and  brand
reputation. Allot’s SECaaS solutions enable operators to secure subscribers against online threats and harmful content by providing network-based SECaaS
to their customers. Allot Secure 360 provides consumers with a 360-degree security architecture-complete, end-to-end protection anywhere, against any
cyber threat, and on any device.

Protection for Consumers and SMBs - 360-Degree Security

•

•

•

•

Allot Secure Management (ASM): The Allot Secure Management platform creates a unified security experience for Allot security consumers by
providing  an  end-to-end  security  management  infrastructure  that  seamlessly  communicates  with  and  integrates  each  enforcement  point-
NetworkSecure, HomeSecure, DNSecure, IoTSecure, EndpointSecure, and BusinessSecure. On-net coverage is provided through NetworkSecure,
HomeSecure,  DNSecure,  and  IoTSecure,  and  off-net  coverage  through  EndPoint  Secure,  and  the  ASM  solution  creates  a  flexible  security
architecture of advanced threat detection technologies in-network, at the consumer-premises equipment and at the endpoint device with network
intelligence  solutions,  machine  learning  and  comprehensive  personalization  capabilities.  The  ASM  solution  delivers  a  scalable  platform  that
simplifies  security  service  activation,  system  awareness,  new  enforcement  point  integration,  threat  event  reporting  and  handling,  operation  and
management by the consumer regardless of which enforcement point is active.

Allot NetworkSecure: A multi-tenant solution that allows the service provider to offer opt-in security services that allow subscribers to define and
enforce  safe-browsing  limits  (Parental  Control)  and  to  prevent  incoming  malware  from  infecting  their  devices  (Anti-Malware).  Services  are
enforced at the network level, requiring no device involvement or battery consumption.

Allot HomeSecure: A multi-tenant solution that allows the service provider to offer opt-in security services that allow subscribers to define and
enforce  safe-browsing  limits  (Parental  Control)  and  to  prevent  incoming  malware  from  infecting  their  devices  (Anti-Malware).  Services  are
enforced at the home router & network level.

Allot DNSecure:  A  multi-tenant  solution  that  allows  the  service  provider  to  offer  opt-in  security  services  that  allow  subscribers  to  define  and
enforce  safe-browsing  limits  (Parental  Control)  and  to  prevent  incoming  malware  from  infecting  their  devices  (Anti-Malware).  Services  are
enforced at the network DNS requests level, requiring no device involvement or battery consumption.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
•

•

•

•

Allot  IoTSecure:  A  multi-tenant  solution  that  enables  CSPs  to  grant  each  of  its  enterprise  customers  a  dedicated  management  console  for
monitoring and securing their mobile IoT deployments on the CSP network.

Allot BusinessSecure: A multi-tenant solution that provides a simple, reliable and secure network for the connected business achieved through a
small firmware agent installed on the business router, supported by the Allot Secure cloud, and a mobile application. These elements, working in
concert, provide visibility into the network and block both external and internal attacks.

EndPoint  Secure:  A  multi-tenant  solution  that  functions  as  an  extension  of  NetworkSecure,  securing  the  subscribers’  devices  while  off  the
Internet, producing seamless customer protection using market leading malware protection and controls.

Allot Secure Cloud: The Allot Secure cloud provides to each enforcement point in the security architecture up-to-date threat intelligence, web
categorization  and  device  fingerprint  data.  The  Allot  Secure  cloud  uses  machine  learning  and  Artificial  Intelligence  technologies  to  identify
connected devices, create device-specific profiles and provide anti-virus screening.

Protection for the Carriers

•

Allot  DDoS  Secure:  A  solution  that  provides  attack  detection  and  mitigation  services  that  protect  commercial  networks  against  inbound  and
outbound Denial of Service (“DoS”) and DDoS attacks, Zero Day attacks, worms, zombie and spambot behavior.

Integrated Network Visibility and Traffic Management Solutions

In addition to our comprehensive and sophisticated security offerings, our integrated network visibility and traffic management solutions, together called
AllotSmart, provide network visibility and control and allow mobile, fixed and enterprise operators to elevate their role in the digital lifestyle ecosystem
and expand into new business opportunities. AllotSmart provides our customers with the potential to increase their revenues by monetizing network usage
through value-added products and services, implementing value-based charging and reducing costs by optimizing the delivery and performance of OTT
content and cloud computing services. AllotSmart also promotes improved customer loyalty by enabling service providers to offer a selection of service
tiers  and  digital  lifestyle  options,  empowering  customers  to  personalize  their  network  experience.  In  addition,  AllotSmart  enables  telecommunication
providers to comply with a wide range of regulatory requirements aimed to assist governments with securing the public. Our products enable both CSPs
and  our  governmental  and  law  enforcement  customers  to  monitor  the  content  of  internet  traffic  in  order  to  oversee  compliance  with  legal  and  law
enforcement requirements.

Allot Smart offering includes the following solutions:

•

•

Smart5G: Deliver  granular  visibility  and  control  of  5G  network  and  application  performance  to  help  CSPs  meet  customer  expectations  from
eMBB, mMTC, and URLLC.

SmartVisibility:  Access  accurate  usage  data  and  analytics  to  improve  network  performance  and  deliver  the  services  subscribers  want.  Make
informed business decisions based on granular insights.

33

 
 
 
•

•

•

•

SmartTraffic QoE: Leverage SmartVisibility to reap the benefits of automated congestion management and QoE optimization. Get the most out
of deployed infrastructure and defer expansion.

SmartPCC: Innovate and grow revenue by rolling out personalized service plans that cater to the unique and dynamic needs of prepaid, postpaid,
and business customers.

SmartSentinel:  Navigate  the  regulatory  landscape  with  flexibility  and  precision.  Comply  with  URL  filtering,  data  retention  and  GDPR
regulations efficiently and cost effectively.

Smart  NetProtect:  Allot’s  multi-layer  approach  provides  protection  from  multi-vector  attacks  against  network  infrastructure,  subscribers,  and
applications. It is composed of multiple protection capabilities: Anti-DDoS, Anti-Botnet, Firewall and QoE protection.

Centralized Management

The Allot NetXplorer is the management umbrella for our devices, platforms and solutions, providing a central access point for network-wide monitoring,
reporting,  analytics,  troubleshooting,  accounting  and  Quality  of  Service  policy  provisioning.  Its  user-friendly  interface  provides  our  customers  with  a
comprehensive overview of the application, user, device and network topology traffic, while its wide variety of reports provide accessible, detailed analyses
of granular traffic data.

Customers

We derive a significant and growing portion of our revenue from direct sales to large mobile and fixed-line service providers, as well as government and
law enforcement entities. We generate the remainder of our revenue through a select and well-developed network of channel partners, generally consisting
of distributors, resellers, OEMs and system integrators. We also endeavor to increase our sales to enterprises and have adapted the structure of our sales
organization to this end. In 2023, we derived 43% of our revenues from Europe, 18% from the Americas, 22% from Asia and Oceania and 17% from the
Middle East and Africa. A breakdown of total revenues by geographic location for 2021, 2022 and 2023 is set forth in the following table.

34

 
 
 
     
Revenues:
Europe
Asia and Oceania
Middle East and Africa
Americas
Total Revenues

2023

%
Revenues

Revenues by Location
($ in thousands)

2022

%
Revenues

2021

%
Revenues

  $

  $

39,945     
20,547     
16,116     
16,542     
93,150     

43%   $
22%    
17%    
18%    
100%  $

41,773     
29,888     
29,285     
21,791     
122,737     

34%   $
24%    
24%    
18%    
100%  $

58,414     
44,227     
23,568     
19,391     
145,600     

40%
30%
16%
14%
100%

(*) As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, 1% represent revenues in Israel

Channel Partners

We  market  and  sell  our  products  to  end-customers  both  by  direct  sales  and  through  channel  partners,  which  include  distributors,  resellers,  OEMs  and
system integrators. A significant portion of our sales occur through our channel partners. In 2023, approximately 42% of our revenues were derived from
channel partners. In some cases, our channel partners are also responsible for installing and providing initial customer support for our products, with our
continuous technical assistance. In the majority of the cases, the partners are responsible for the initial customer support (Tier 1 support), while we act as
the escalation level. Our channel partners are located around the world and address most major markets. Our channel partners target a range of end-users,
including carriers, alternative carriers, cable operators, private networks, data centers and enterprises in a wide range of industries, including government,
financial institutions and education. Our agreements with channel partners that are distributors or resellers are generally non-exclusive, for an initial term of
one year and automatically renew for successive one-year terms unless terminated. After the first year, such agreements may typically be terminated by
either party upon ninety days prior notice.

We  offer  support  to  our  channel  partners.  This  support  includes  the  generation  of  leads  through  marketing  events,  seminars  and  web-based  leads  and
incentive programs as well as technical and sales training.

Sales and Marketing

Our product sales cycle varies based on the intended use by the end-customer. The sales cycle for initial network deployment may generally last between
twelve  and  twenty-four  months  for  large  and  medium  service  providers,  six  to  twelve  months  for  small  service  providers,  and  one  to  six  months  for
enterprises. Follow-on orders and additional deployment of our products usually require shorter cycles. Large and medium service providers generally take
longer to plan the integration of our solutions into their existing networks and to set goals for the implementation of the technology.

Beginning  in  late  2022,  we  changed  our  SECaaS  sales  strategy  to  target  strategic  accounts  that  have  high  revenue  potential,  while  ensuring  small  to
medium sized deals have customer assurances or minimum revenue threshold. Moving forward, the number of our SECaaS deals will likely drop, but we
anticipate  the  total  sales  potential  will  remain  the  same  as  was  expected  under  the  prior  SECaaS  sales  strategy,  and  we  believe  the  emphasis  on  larger
customers with a minimum guaranteed revenues will help us achieve profitability sooner.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We focus our marketing efforts on product positioning, increasing brand awareness, communicating product advantages and generating qualified leads for
our sales organization. We rely on a variety of marketing communications channels, including our website, trade shows, industry research and professional
publications, the press and special events to gain wider market exposure, as well as an internal cyber marketing team.

We have organized our worldwide sales efforts into the following regions: North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa; and Asia
and Oceania. We have regional offices in Spain, Italy, France, Singapore, India, Kazakhstan, Japan, Colombia and Israel. As of December 31, 2023, our
sales and marketing staff, including product management and business development functions, consisted of 116 Employees.

Service and Technical Support

We  believe  our  technical  support  and  professional  services  capabilities  are  a  key  element  of  our  sales  strategy.  Our  technical  staff  provides  project
management, delivery, training, support and professional services, as well as assists in presale activities and advises channel partners on the integration of
our solutions into end-customer networks. Our basic warranty to end-customers (directly or through our partners) is three months for software and twelve
months for hardware. Generally, end-customers are also offered a choice of one year or multi-year customer support programs when they purchase our
products.  These  customer  support  programs  can  be  renewed  at  the  end  of  their  terms.  Our  end-customer  support  plans  generally  offer  the  following
features:

•

•

•

•

unlimited 24/7 access to our global support organization, via phone, email and online support system, provided by regional support centers;

expedited replacement units in the event of a warranty claim;

software updates and upgrades offering new features and protocols and addressing new and changing network applications; and

periodic updates of solution documentation, technical information and training.

Our support plans are designed to maximize network up-time and minimize operating costs. Our customers, including partners and their end-customers, are
entitled  to  take  advantage  of  our  around-the-clock  technical  support,  which  we  provide  through  our  seven  support  centers  located  in  France,  Israel,
Singapore, India, Colombia, Spain and the United States. We also offer our customers 24-hour access to an external web-based technical knowledge base,
which provides technical support information and, in the case of our channel partners, enables them to support their customers independently and obtain
follow up and support from us.

We also offer particular professional services, such as network audit, solution design, project management, business intelligence reports, customer project
documentation, integration services, interoperability testing and training.

The expenditures associated with the technical support staff are allocated in our statements of comprehensive loss between sale and marketing expenses
and cost of goods sold, based on the roles of and tasks performed by personnel.

As of December 31, 2023, our technical staff consisted of 147 Employees, including 57 technical support persons, 79 deployment and professional services
engineers, 11 documentation and training persons, and 1 Management.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and Development

Our research and development activities take place primarily in Israel. We also have research and development activities in Spain and India. In addition,
since  2020  we  have  been  using  subcontractors  in  Ukraine,  Israel  and  Belarus  to  source  research  and  development  engineers.  We  devote  a  significant
amount of our resources towards research and development in order to introduce new products and continuously enhance existing products and to support
our growth strategy. We have assembled a core team of experienced engineers, many of whom are leaders in their particular field or discipline and have
technical  degrees  from  top  universities  and  have  experience  working  for  leading  Israeli  or  international  networking  companies.  These  engineers  are
involved in advancing our core technologies, as well as in applying these core technologies to our product development activities. In previous years, our
research and development efforts have benefited from non-royalty-bearing grants from the Israel Innovation Authority. As of December 31, 2023, there are
no  outstanding  royalties  due  from  us  to  the  Israel  Innovation  Authority.  In  2023,  we  received  additional  grants  from  the  Israel  Innovation  Authority;
however, these grants do not bear royalties. Under the terms of those grants, we are required to perform our manufacturing activities within the state of
Israel, as a condition to maintaining these benefits. The State of Israel does not own any proprietary rights in technology developed with the Innovation
Authority funding and there is no restriction related to the Israel Innovation Authority on the export of products manufactured using technology developed
with the Israel Innovation Authority funding (other limitations on export apply under applicable law). In addition, we have received during 2023 grants
from the Spain Tax Authority. For a description of restrictions on the transfer of the technology and with respect to manufacturing rights, please see “ITEM
3:  Key  Information-Risk  Factors-The  government  grants  we  have  received  for  research  and  development  expenditures  require  us  to  satisfy  specified
conditions and restrict our ability to manufacture products and transfer technologies outside of Israel. If we fail to comply with these conditions or such
restrictions, we may be required to refund grants previously received together with interest and penalties and may be subject to criminal charges.”

Subcontracting

We subcontract the integration of our software products with off-the-shelf hardware platforms provided mainly by Lenovo and Hewlett Packard Enterprise
(HPE). Based on verbal understandings, Arrow ocs (Israel) performs the integration of the software product with HPE servers, while Malam-Team (Israel)
performs  the  integration  of  such  software  with  Lenovo  Servers.  Such  hardware  components  are  manufactured  in  accordance  with  the  design  of  our
products.

Some of the hardware components of our products are obtained from single or limited sources. Since our products have been designed to incorporate these
specific components, any change in these components due to an interruption in supply or our inability to obtain such components on a timely basis may
require  engineering  changes  to  our  products  before  we  could  incorporate  substitute  components.  The  global  semiconductor  shortage  could  increase  the
possibility  of  making  such  engineering  changes,  or  taking  other  remedial  measures,  as  many  of  our  suppliers  use  semiconductors  in  the  products  we
require.

We  also  purchase  off-the-shelf  hardware  components  from  single  or  limited  sources  for  our  security  and  Traffic  Management  products.  We  carry
approximately  three  to  nine  months  of  inventory  of  key  components.  We  also  work  closely  with  our  suppliers  to  monitor  the  end-of-life  of  the  product
cycle for integral components, and believe that in the event that they announce end of life, we will be able to increase our inventory to allow enough time
for  replacing  such  components.  The  agreements  with  our  suppliers  do  not  contain  any  minimum  purchase  or  supply  commitments.  Product  testing  and
quality assurance is performed by our integrators using tests and automated testing equipment and according to controlled test documentation we specify.
We also use inspection testing and statistical process controls to assure the quality and reliability of our products.

Competition

We compete against large companies in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive sector of the networking technology market, which offer, or may offer in
the future, competing technologies, including partial or alternative solutions to operators’ and enterprises’ challenges, and which, similarly to us, intensely
pursue  the  largest  service  providers  (referred  to  as  Tier  1  operators)  as  well  as  large  enterprises.  Our  DPI  technology  enabled  offerings  face  significant
competition from router and switch infrastructure companies that integrate functionalities into their platforms addressing some of the same types of issues
that our products are designed to address. This competition is expected to intensify as expansion of 5G networks progresses. We do not anticipate growth in
our DPI segment for the 2024 fiscal year.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our security products, which are offered to operators and are deployed in their networks for the purpose of enabling them to provide security services to
their  end  customers,  are  subject  to  competition  from  companies  which  offer  security  products,  based  on  different  technology  and  marketing  and  sales
approaches. Primarily we compete by providing a network native architecture that allows zero touch operation by the end-user. Additionally, we compete
on the basis of product performance, ease of use and installation, customer support, ability to integrate multiple solutions over our management system and
price.

Our security product offerings face significant competition from companies that directly approach end customers and offer them security applications to be
installed  on  their  devices;  companies  that  approach  the  business  enterprise  sector  through  distribution  channels  and  offer  cloud  security  products;  and
companies that offer security products bundled with other products. By offering our security products to operators that provide security services to both
small and medium size business and individual end customers, we aim to expand the reach of our products.

See  “ITEM  3:  Key  Information-Risk  Factors-Our  revenues  and  business  may  be  adversely  affected  if  we  do  not  effectively  compete  in  the  markets  in
which we operate.”

Intellectual Property

Our intellectual property rights are very important to our business. We believe that the complexity of our products and the know-how incorporated into
them makes it difficult to copy them or replicate their features. We rely on a combination of confidentiality and other protective clauses in our agreements,
copyright  and  trade  secrets  to  protect  our  know-how.  We  also  restrict  access  to  our  servers  physically  and  through  closed  networks  since  our  product
designs and software are stored electronically and thus are highly portable.

We customarily require our employees, subcontractors, customers, distributors, resellers, software testers, technology partners and contractors to execute
confidentiality agreements or agree to confidentiality undertakings when their relationship with us begins. Typically, our employment contracts also include
assignment  of  intellectual  property  rights  for  all  inventions  developed  by  employees,  non-disclosure  of  all  confidential  information,  and  non-compete
clauses, which generally restrict the employee for six months following termination of employment. The enforceability of non-compete clauses in certain
jurisdictions  in  which  we  operate  may  be  limited.  See  “ITEM  3:  Key  Information-Risk  Factors-If  we  are  unable  to  successfully  protect  the  intellectual
property embodied in our technology, our business could be harmed significantly.”

The  communications  equipment  industry  is  characterized  by  constant  product  changes  resulting  from  new  technological  developments,  performance
improvements and lower hardware costs. We believe that our future growth depends to a large extent on our ability to be an innovator in the development
and application of hardware and software technology. As we develop the next generation products, we initiated and continuously pursue patent protection
for  our  core  technologies  in  the  telecommunications  market.  We  have  and  plan  to  continue  to  seek  patent  protection  in  our  largest  markets  and  our
competitors’  markets,  for  example  in  the  United  States  and  Europe.  As  we  continue  to  spread  our  business  into  additional  markets,  such  as  Japan  and
Australia,  we  will  evaluate  how  best  to  protect  our  technologies  in  those  markets.  We  intend  to  vigorously  prosecute  and  defend  the  rights  of  our
intellectual property.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  we  had  35  issued  U.S.  patents,  4  U.S.  reissued  patents,  and  3pending  U.S.  patent  applications.  We  expect  to  formalize  our
evaluation process for determining which inventions to protect by patents or other means. We cannot be certain that patents will be issued as a result of the
patent applications we have filed.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government Regulation

Due to the industry and geographic diversity of our operations and services, our operations are subject to a variety of rules and regulations, and several
government agencies in the United States, the E.U. and other countries regulate various aspects of our business. See the following risk factors in “ITEM 3.
Key Information-D. Risk Factors” for more information on regulation material to our business, financial condition and results of operations:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Legal,  Regulatory  and  Compliance  Risks  -  We  are  subject  to  certain  regulatory  regimes  that  may  affect  the  way  that  we  conduct  business
internationally,  and  our  failure  to  comply  with  applicable  laws  and  regulations  could  materially  adversely  affect  our  reputation  and  result  in
penalties and increased costs.

Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks - As with many DPI products, some of our products may be used by governmental or law enforcement
customers in a manner that is, or that is perceived to be, incompatible with human rights.

Legal,  Regulatory  and  Compliance  Risks  -  Demand  for  our  products  may  be  impacted  by  government  regulation  of  the  internet  and
telecommunications industry.

Legal,  Regulatory  and  Compliance  Risks  -  Our  failure  to  comply  with  data  privacy  laws  may  expose  us  to  reputational  harm  and  potential
regulatory actions and fines.

Risks Related to our Ordinary Shares - Our shareholders do not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of a U.S. company because we
have elected to use certain exemptions available to foreign private issuers from certain corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.

Risks Related to our Ordinary Shares - As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to the provisions of Regulation FD or U.S. proxy rules and
are exempt from filing certain Exchange Act reports.

Risks Related to our Ordinary Shares - Certain U.S. holders of our ordinary shares may suffer adverse tax consequences if we or any of our non-
U.S. subsidiaries are characterized as a “controlled foreign corporation,” or a CFC, under Section 957(a) of the Code.

Risks Related to our Location in Israel - The tax benefits that are available to us require us to meet several conditions and may be terminated or
reduced in the future, which would increase our costs and taxes.

Risks Related to our Location in Israel - The government grants we have received for research and development expenditures require us to satisfy
specified conditions and restrict our ability to manufacture products and transfer technologies outside of Israel. If we fail to comply with these
conditions or such restrictions, we may be required to refund grants previously received together with interest and penalties and may be subject to
criminal charges.

General  Risks  -  Our  business  may  be  materially  affected  by  changes  to  fiscal  and  tax  policies.  Potentially  negative  or  unexpected  tax
consequences of these policies, or the uncertainty surrounding their potential effects, could adversely affect our results of operations and share
price.

Additionally,  see  “ITEM  5:  Overview-Government  Grants”  for  a  description  of  grants  received  from  the  Israel  Innovation  Authority  of  the  Ministry  of
Economy and “ITEM 10: Additional Information-Taxation-United States Federal Income Taxation-Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”
for a description of classification as a “passive foreign investment company,” or a PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes.

Internal Cybersecurity

As  a  provider  of  innovative  network  intelligence  and  security  solutions  for  mobile  and  fixed  service  providers,  we  are  particularly  sensitive  about  the
possibility of cyber-attacks and data theft. A breach of our system could provide data information about us and the customers that our solutions protect.
Further, we may be targeted by cyber-terrorists because we are an Israeli company. We are also aware of the material impact that an actual or perceived
breach  of  our  network  may  have  on  the  market  perception  of  our  products  and  services  and  on  our  potential  liability.  In  2022,  we  believe  we  have
successfully prevented all cyber-attack and breach attempts, with no impact on our ongoing operations.

39

 
 
 
 
 
We  are  focused  on  instituting  new  technologies  and  solutions  to  assist  in  the  prevention  of  potential  and  attempted  cyber-attacks,  as  well  as  protective
measures and contingency plans in the event of an existing attack. For instance, in our internal IT systems, we employ identity and access controls, next-
gen endpoint protection and other security measures that we believe make our infrastructure less susceptible to cyber-attacks. We also continuously monitor
our  IT  networks  and  systems  for  intrusions  and  regularly  maintain  our  backup  and  protective  systems.  We  have  made  certain  updates  to  our  IT
infrastructure to enhance our ability to prevent and respond to such threats and we routinely test the infrastructure for vulnerabilities.

We  conduct  periodic  trainings  for  our  employees  in  this  respect  on  phishing,  malware  and  other  cybersecurity  risks  to  the  Company.  We  also  have
mechanisms  in  place  designed  to  ensure  prompt  internal  reporting  of  potential  or  actual  cybersecurity  breaches,  and  maintain  compliance  programs  to
address  the  potential  applicability  of  restrictions  on  trading  while  in  possession  of  material,  nonpublic  information  generally  and  in  connection  with  a
cybersecurity breach. Finally, our agreements with third parties also typically contain provisions that reduce or limit our exposure to liability.

C. Organizational Structure

As of December 31, 2023, we held directly and indirectly the percentage indicated of the outstanding capital of the following subsidiaries:

Company

Allot Communications Inc.
Allot Communications Europe SARL
Allot Communications (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited
Allot Communications (UK) Limited (with branches in Italy and Germany)
Allot Communications Japan K.K.
Allot Communications Africa (PTY) Ltd
Allot Communications India Private Ltd
Allot Communications Spain, S.L. Sociedad Unipersonal
Allot Communications (Colombia) S.A.S
Allot MexSub
Allot Turkey Komunikasion Hizmeleri limited
Allot Australia (PTY) LTD

* Allot Ltd also holds a branch in Colombia.

40

  Jurisdiction of Incorporation 
  United States
  France
  Singapore
  United Kingdom

Japan

  South Africa

India
  Spain
  Colombia
  Mexico
  Turkey
  Australia

Percentage
Ownership  

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

 
 
 
    
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
D. Property, Plant and Equipment

Our principal administrative and research and development activities are located in our approximately 57,048 square foot (5,300 square meter) facilities in
Hod-Hasharon, Israel. The leases for our facilities vary in dates and terms, with the main facility’s non-stabilized lease expiring in February 2025.

We also lease a total of 7,664 square feet (712 square meters) in two facilities in Spain, mainly for our sales and research and development operations in
Spain, pursuant to lease agreements. The lease agreement of our main site in Spain was renewed for three years in 2023 till 2026.

ITEM 4A: Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

ITEM 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023
and related notes and the information contained elsewhere in this annual report. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S.
generally  accepted  accounting  principles  (“U.S.  GAAP”).  This  discussion  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  are  subject  to  known  and  unknown
risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, such as those set forth under “ITEM 3.D: Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-
Looking Statements,” our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

A. Operating Results

Overview

We are a leading provider of innovative network intelligence and security solutions that enable service providers and enterprises to protect and personalize
the  digital  experience  and  monetize  on  their  networks.  Our  flexible  and  highly  scalable  service  delivery  framework  leverages  the  intelligence  in  data
networks, enabling service providers to get closer to their customers, safeguard network assets and users, and accelerate time-to-revenue for value-added
services. Our customers use our solutions to create sophisticated policies to monitor network applications, enforce quality of service policies that guarantee
mission-critical application performance, mitigate security risks and leverage network infrastructure investments.

41

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We market and sell our products through a variety of channels, including direct sales and through our channel partners, which include distributors, resellers,
OEMs  and  system  integrators.  We  have  a  diversified  end-customer  base  consisting  primarily  of  service  providers,  enterprises,  government  and  law
enforcement entities. The resulting intelligent, content-aware broadband networks enable our customers to accurately monitor and manage network traffic
per application, subscriber, network topology and device.

In 2023, the primary drivers of our revenues were the mobile and fixed markets.

Key measures of our performance

Revenues

We  generate  revenues  from  two  sources:  (1)  sales  of  our  network  traffic  management  systems,  our  network  management  application  solutions  and
platforms, and our security solution to telecom providers and (2) the provision of maintenance and support services and professional services, including
installation and training. We generally provide maintenance and support services pursuant to a maintenance and support program, which may be purchased
by customers at the time of product purchase or on a renewal basis.

We recognize revenue under the core principle that transfer of control of our products or services to our customers should be reflected by an amount that
represents the consideration we expect to receive in revenue. As such, we identify a contract with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the
contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract and recognize revenues when (or as)
we  satisfy  each  performance  obligation. Apart  from  our  Security-as-a-Service  deals,  we  typically  grant  a  one-year  hardware  and  three-month  software
warranty on all of our products, or one-year hardware and software warranty to customers that purchase annual maintenance and support. As part of our
Security-as-a-Service  offering,  the  maintenance  and  support  services  are  inherent  to  the  security  service  fee.  Typically,  our  support  contracts  with  our
customers provide hot line support, warranty, and software updates and upgrades if and when available. We record a provision for warranty at the time the
product’s revenue is recognized. We estimate the liability of possible warranty claims based on our historical experience. Warranty claims have to date been
immaterial  to  our  results  of  operations.  Maintenance  and  support  revenues  are  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  term  of  the  applicable
maintenance and support agreement. See “-Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates-Revenue Recognition” below.

Geographical breakdown. See “-Operating Results-Results of Operations-Revenues.” for the geographic breakdown of our revenues by percentage for the
years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of revenues and gross margins

Our  products’  cost  of  revenues  consists  primarily  of  costs  of  materials,  manufacturing  services  and  overhead,  warehousing  and  product  testing.  Our
services’  cost  of  revenues  consists  primarily  of  salaries  and  related  personnel  costs  for  our  customer  success  staff.  In  2023  our  gross  margin  decreased
compared to 2022 due to decrease of revenues. In 2022, our gross margin decreased compared to 2021 due to a decrease in revenues mainly attributable to
delays in a number of our large projects.

We  believe  that  measuring  our  products’  cost  of  revenues  and  gross  margins  is  helpful  to  understand  our  financial  statements  and  results  of  operations
because it enables the investors to evaluate the company’s effectiveness in its operations. In addition, our management team uses these metrics to monitor
the company’s performance.

Operating expenses

Research  and  development.  Our  research  and  development  expenses  consist  primarily  of  salaries  and  related  personnel  costs,  costs  for  subcontractor
services, depreciation, rent and costs of materials consumed in connection with the design and development of our products. We expense all of our research
and development costs as they are incurred. Our net research and development expenses are comprised of gross research and development expenses offset
by financing through grants from the Israel Innovation Authority and Spain Tax Authority. Such participation grants are recognized at the time at which we
are entitled to such grants on the basis of the costs incurred and included as a deduction of research and development expenses (see “-Government Grants”
below). We believe that significant investment in research and development, including hiring high quality research and development personnel, is essential
to our future success.

Sales and marketing.  Our  sales  and  marketing  expenses  consist  primarily  of  salaries  and  related  personnel  costs,  travel  expenses,  costs  associated  with
promotional activities such as public relations, conventions and exhibitions, rental expenses, depreciation and commissions paid to third parties, promote
our brand, establish new marketing channels and expand our presence worldwide.

General and administrative. Our general and administrative expenses consist of salaries and related personnel costs, rental expenses, costs for professional
services,  credit  loss  expenses  and  depreciation.  General  and  administrative  expenses  also  include  costs  associated  with  corporate  governance,  VAT  and
other tax expenses and regulatory compliance, compliance with the rules implemented by the SEC, Nasdaq and the TASE and premiums for our director
and officer liability insurance.

Approved Enterprise

Our  facilities  in  Hod-Hasharon,  Israel  have  been  granted  Approved  Enterprise  status  under  the  Encouragement  of  Capital  Investments  Law,  1959,  and
enjoy certain tax benefits under this program. We intend to utilize these tax benefits after we utilize our net operating loss carry forwards. As of December
31, 2023, our net operating loss carry forwards for Israeli tax purposes totaled approximately $119 million. Income derived from other sources, other than
through our “Approved Enterprise” status, during the benefit period will be subject to the regular corporate tax rate.

Government Grants

Our  research  and  development  efforts  have  been  financed,  in  part,  through  grants  from  the  Israel  Innovation  Authority  under  our  approved  plans  in
accordance  with  the  Research  and  Development  Law.  In  2022  and  2023,  we  received  grants  from  the  Israel  Innovation  Authority  through  non-royalty
bearing programs. In addition, during 2021, 2022 and 2023, we received non-royalty bearing grants from the Spain Tax Authority.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Factors Affecting Our Performance

Our business, financial position and results of operations, as well as the period-to-period comparability of our financial results, are significantly affected by
a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including:

Customer concentration. The revenues derived from our largest customer in each of the past three years were 15%, 8% and 11% of our total revenues in
2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The revenues derived from our second largest customer amounted to 9%, 7% and 9% of our total revenues for 2023,
2022 and 2021, respectively. While we have some visibility into the likely scope of the customers’ projects, our relationships are conducted solely on a
purchase order basis and we do not have any commitment for future purchase orders from these customers. The loss of any of such third parties could harm
our results of operations and financial condition.

Size of end-customers and sales cycles. We have a global, diversified end-customer base consisting primarily of service providers, enterprises, government
and law enforcement entities. The deployment of our products by small and midsize enterprises and service providers can be completed relatively quickly.
Large  service  providers  take  longer  to  plan  the  integration  of  our  solutions  into  their  existing  networks  and  to  set  goals  for  the  implementation  of  the
technology. Sales to large service providers are therefore more complicated as they involve a relatively larger number of network elements and solutions.
We are seeking to obtain further significant customers in the large service provider market that would positively impact our future performance, but could
decrease  our  market  share.  The  longer  sales  cycles  associated  with  the  increased  sales  to  large  service  providers  of  our  platforms  may  increase  the
unpredictability  of  the  timing  of  our  sales  and  may  cause  our  quarterly  and  annual  operating  results  to  fluctuate  if  a  significant  customer  delays  its
purchasing decision and/or defers an order. Furthermore, longer sales cycles may result in delays from the time we increase our operating expenses and
make investments in inventory to the time that we generate revenue from related product sales.

Average  selling  prices.  Our  performance  is  affected  by  the  selling  prices  of  our  products.  We  price  our  products  based  on  several  factors,  including
manufacturing  costs,  the  stage  of  the  product’s  life  cycle,  competition,  technical  complexity  of  the  product,  and  discounts  given  to  channel  partners  in
certain territories. We typically are able to charge the highest price for a product when it is first introduced to the market. We expect that the average selling
prices for our products will decrease over each product’s life cycle as our competitors introduce new products. In order to maintain or increase our current
prices, we expect that we will need to enhance the functionality of our existing products by offering higher system speeds, additional products and features,
such  as  additional  security  functions,  supporting  additional  applications  and  providing  enhanced  reporting  tools.  We  also  from  time  to  time  introduce
enhanced products, typically higher-end models that include new architecture and design and new capabilities that will be offered for an additional charge.
Such enhanced products typically increase our average selling price. To further offset such declines, we sell maintenance and support programs for our
products, and as our customer base and number of field installations grow, our related service revenues are expected to increase.

44

 
 
 
 
 
Cost of revenues and cost reductions. Our cost of revenues as a percentage of total revenues was 43.4% for 2023 and 32.5% for 2022. Our products use off-
the-shelf components and typically the prices of such components decline over time. However, the introduction and sale of new or enhanced products and
services may result in an increase in our cost of revenues. We make a continuous effort to identify cheaper components of comparable performance and
quality. We also seek improvements in engineering and manufacturing efficiency to reduce costs. Our products incorporate features that are purchased from
third parties. In addition, new products usually have higher costs during the initial introduction period. We generally expect such costs to decline as the
product matures and sales volume increases. The introduction of new products may also involve a significant decrease in demand for older products. Such a
decrease  may  result  in  a  devaluation  or  write-off  of  such  older  products  and  their  respective  components.  The  growth  of  our  customer  base  is  usually
coupled  with  increased  service  revenues  primarily  resulting  from  increased  maintenance  and  support.  In  addition,  the  growth  of  our  installed  base  with
large service providers may result in increased demand for professional services, such as training and installation services. An increase in demand for such
services may require us to hire additional personnel and incur other expenditures. However, these additional expenses, handled efficiently, may be utilized
to further support the growth of our customer base and increase service revenues. In 2023, our cost of revenues increased due to cost of services revenue
that increased mainly attributed to assets impairment in 2023. In 2022, our cost of revenues decreased due to a decrease in revenues mainly attributable to
delays in a number of our large projects.

Currency exposure. A majority of our revenues in previous years and a substantial portion of our expenses are denominated in the U.S. dollar. However, a
significant  portion  of  our  revenues  is  incurred  in  currencies  other  than  the  U.S.  dollar,  for  example  in  Euros.  In  addition,  a  significant  portion  of  our
expenses, associated with our global operations, including personnel and facilities-related expenses, are incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar;
this is the case primarily in Israel and to a lesser extent in other countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America. Consequently, a decrease in the value
of the U.S. dollar relative to local currencies will increase the dollar cost of our operations in these countries. A relative decrease in the value of the U.S.
dollar would be partially offset to the extent that we generate revenues in such currencies. In order to partially mitigate this exposure, we have decided in
the past and may decide from time to time in the future to enter into hedging transactions. We may discontinue hedging activities at any time. As such
decisions involve substantial judgment and assessments primarily regarding future trends in foreign exchange markets, which are very volatile, as well as
our future level and timing of cash flows of these currencies, we cannot provide any assurance that such hedging transactions will not affect our results of
operations when they are realized. See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report for further information. Also
see “ITEM 11: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk.”

Interest rate exposure. We have a significant amount of cash that is currently invested primarily in interest bearing vehicles, such as bank time deposits and
available  for  sale  marketable  securities.  These  investments  expose  us  to  risks  associated  with  interest  rate  fluctuations  See  “ITEM  11:  Quantitative  and
Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk.”

45

 
 
 
Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our statements of operations as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

Revenues:
Products
Services
Total revenues
Cost of revenues:
Products
Services
Total cost of revenues
Gross profit
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net
Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Total operating expenses
Operating loss
Financing income, net
Loss before income tax expense
tax expense
Net loss

Revenues

Year Ended December 31,

2022

2023

49.7     
50.3     
100     

17.4     
15.1     
32.5     
67.5     

40.6     
40.2     
13     
93.8     
26.2     
1.7     
24.5     
1.5     
26.1     

40.4 
59.6 
100 

17.9 
25.5 
43.4 
56.6 

42 
47.1 
37.2 
126.3 
69.7 
3.45 
66.26 
1.16 
67.4 

See  “ITEM  4B:  Information  on  Allot-Business  Overview-Customers”  for  the  geographic  breakdown  of  our  revenues  by  percentage  for  the  years  ended
December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.

Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2022

Products. Product revenues decreased by $23.4 million, or 38%, to $37.6 million in 2023 from $61 million in 2022. The decrease in revenues in 2023 was
mainly attributable to decrease in the numbers of new deals.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
Services. Service revenues decreased by $6.2 million, or 10%, to $55.6 million in 2023 from $61.8 million in 2022. The decrease was mainly attributed to a
decrease in the numbers of new professional services deals.

Product  revenues  comprised  40.4%  of  our  total  revenues  in  2023,  a  decrease  of  9.3%  compared  to  2022  while  the  services  revenues  portion  of  total
revenues comprised 59.6% of our total revenues in 2023, an increase by 9.3%.

Cost of revenues and gross margin

Products.  Cost  of  product  revenues  decreased  by  $4.6  million,  or  21.6%,  to  $16.7  million  in  2023  from  $21.3  million  in  2022.  Product  gross  margin
decreased to 55.6% in 2023 from 65% in 2022. The decrease was mainly attributed to a decrease in revenues in 2023.

Services.  Cost  of  services  revenues  increased  by  $5.3  million,  or  28.6%,  to  $23.8  million  in  2023  from  $18.5  million  in  2022.  Services  gross  margin
decreased to 57.2% in 2023 from 70.1% in 2022. This increase is mainly attributed to assets impairment in 2023.

Total gross margin decreased from 67.5% in 2022 to 56.6% in 2023.

Operating expenses

Research and development. Gross research and development expenses decreased by $8.4 million, or 16.6%, to $42.2 million in 2023 from $50.6 million in
2022.  The  decrease  in  our  research  and  development  expenses  is  mainly  attributable  to  reduction  in  workforce  carried  out  in  2023.  Gross  research  and
development expenses as a percentage of total revenues increased to 45.3% (42%, net) in 2023 from 41.3% (40.6%, net) in 2022.

Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased by 5.5 million, or 11.1%, to $43.9 million in 2023 from $49.4 million in 2022. The decrease
is primarily attributable to reduction in workforce carried out in 2023. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues increased to 47.1% in
2023 from 40.2% in 2022.

General and administrative.  General  and  administrative  expenses  increased  by  $18.7  million,  or  116.9%,  to  $34.7  million  in  2023  from  $16  million  in
2022.  The  increase  is  primarily  attributable  to  an  increase  in  credit  loss  expenses.  General  and  administrative  expenses  as  a  percentage  of  revenues
increased to 37.2% in 2023 from 13% in 2022.

Financial income, net. In 2023 we had $3.2 million financial income, net. In 2022, we had $2.1 million financial income, net. The change in 2023 was
mainly attributed to an increase in interest income as well as income from discount amortization on marketable securities.

Income tax expense.  In 2023 we had $1 million Income tax expense. In 2022 we had $1.9 million Income tax expense. The change in 2023 was mainly
attributed to the decrease in revenue.

For a discussion of our operating results for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, see “ITEM
5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects-Operating Results” of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021,
which was filed with the SEC on March 28, 2023.

B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2023, we had $14.2 million in cash and cash equivalents, $28.9 million available for sale marketable securities, and $10 million in
short-term  deposits  and  $1.7  million  restricted  deposits.  As  of  December  31,  2023,  our  working  capital,  which  we  calculate  by  subtracting  our  current
liabilities from our current assets, was $50.5 million.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Based on our current business plan, we believe that our existing cash balances will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and
capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months. If our estimates of revenues, expense or capital or liquidity requirements change or are inaccurate
and are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or arrange additional debt financing. In addition, we may
seek to sell additional equity or arrange debt financing to give us financial flexibility to pursue attractive acquisitions or investment opportunities that may
arise in the future.

Operating Activities

Net  cash  used  in  operating  activities  in  2023  was  $29.7  million.  Net  cash  used  in  operating  activities  consisted  mainly  of  a  net  loss  of  $62.8  million,
depreciation,  amortization  and  impairment  of  intangible  assets  of  $8.1  million,  $8.8  million  of  share-based  compensation  expense,  a  decrease  of  $1.4
million in inventory, a decrease of $1.6 million in employees and payroll accruals, a decrease of $34.3 million in trade receivables, a decrease of $10.7
million in trade payables, a decrease of $1.1 million in other payables and accrued expenses, a decrease of $0.5 million in other receivables and prepaid
expenses, a decrease of $5.8 million in deferred revenues and a decrease of $1 million related to other operating activities. The change in employees and
payroll accruals, trade payables and other receivables and prepaid expenses was mainly due to advanced payments to suppliers and payroll-related items
occurring in 2022.

During 2022, we had $32.6 million in cash and cash equivalents from operating activities. Net cash used in operating activities consisted mainly of a net
loss of $32 million, depreciation, amortization and impairment of intangible assets of $7.4 million, $9.2 million of share-based compensation expense, a
decrease of $2.2 million in inventory, a decrease of $0.4 million in employees and payroll accruals, an increase of $11.6 million in trade receivables, an
increase of $7.7 million in trade payables, a decrease of $1.7 in other payables and accrued expenses, an increase of $0.1 million in other receivables and
prepaid expenses, a decrease of $10 million in deferred revenues and $1.1 million related to other operating activities. The change in employees and payroll
accruals, trade payables and other receivables and prepaid expenses was mainly due to advanced payments to suppliers and payroll-related items.

Investing Activities

Net  cash  provided  for  investing  activities  in  2023  was  $31.6  million,  primarily  attributable  to  proceeds  from  maturities  of  short-term  deposits  of  $74.7
million,  the  purchase  of  short-term  deposits  of  $15.9  million,  the  purchase  of  property  and  equipment  of  $2.5  million,  investment  in  available-for  sale
marketable securities $46 and other activities. The above changes were partially offset by the redemption or sale of marketable securities of $23 million and
an increase in restricted deposits of $0.8 million.

Net cash used by investing activities in 2022 was $6.5 million, primarily attributable to proceeds from maturities of short-term deposits of $122.2 million,
the purchase of short-term deposits of $130 million, the purchase of property and equipment of $5.6 million and an increase in restricted deposits of $0.5
million. The above changes were partially offset by the redemption or sale of marketable securities of $7 million and a decrease in restricted deposits of
$0.4 million.

We expect that our capital expenditure will total approximately $2.1 million in 2024. We anticipate that these capital expenditures will be primarily related
to purchase of equipment of SECaaS deals and to further investments in lab equipment for research and development and customer success as well as IT
infrastructure.

Financing Activities

There is no Net cash provided by financing activities in 2023. Net cash provided by financing activities in 2022 was $39.7 million, which was mainly
attributable to the issuance of convertible debt in February 2022.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For a discussion of our liquidity and capital resources for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, see “ITEM 5. Operating and Financial Review and
Prospects-Liquidity and Capital Resources” of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the
SEC on March 28, 2023.

On  February  18,  2022,  we  issued  to  Lynrock  Lake  Master  Fund  LP  a  senior  unsecured  promissory  note,  convertible  into  our  ordinary  shares,  with  an
aggregate principal amount of $40 million. The note will mature on February 14, 2025, subject to the Company’s option to extend the maturity date by one
year up to two times. The closing balance of the convertible note as of December 31, 2023 was $39.8 million (calculated by subtracting the $0.4 million
issuance expense from the gross principal amount of $40 million).

Material Cash Requirements

Our material cash requirements as of December 31, 2023, and any subsequent interim period, primarily include our capital expenditures, lease obligations
and purchase obligations.

Our capital expenditures primarily consist of purchases of lab equipment, computers and peripheral equipment, office furniture and equipment, leasehold
improvements  and  SECaaS  equipment.  Our  capital  expenditures  were  $7.6  million  in  2021,  $5.6  million  in  2022  and  $2.5  million  in  2023.  We  will
continue to make capital expenditures to meet the expected growth of our business.

Our lease obligations consist of the commitments under the lease agreements for our group facilities and motor vehicles. The group facilities are leased
under several lease agreements with various expiration dates. Our leasing expenses were $3.1 million in 2021, $3.8 million in 2022 and $3.6 million in
2023.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  we  had  fixed  future  minimum  lease  payments  of  $2.1  million  related  to  offices  and  car  leases  arrangements,  of  which  $0.7
million is due in the next twelve months, and that we cannot early terminate or where we would be required to pay a termination fee in the event of early
termination.

Our purchase obligations consist primarily of commitments for our operating activities. Our operating expenses were $115 million in 2021, $115 million in
2022 and $118 million in 2023. More than 70% of the Company’s operating expenses are attributable to salary expenses.

We  intend  to  fund  our  existing  and  future  material  cash  requirements  with  our  existing  cash  balance.  We  will  continue  to  make  cash  commitments,
including capital expenditures, to support the growth of our business.

Other than as discussed above, we did not have any significant capital and other commitments or long-term obligations as of December 31, 2023.

C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses

In  2021,  2022  and  2023,  we  received  non-royalty  bearing  grants  from  the  Israel  Innovation Authority.  However,  the  terms  of  the  grants  require  us  to
comply with the IIA’s restrictions and obligations as set out below.

•

•

Local  Manufacturing  Obligation.  We  must  manufacture  the  products  developed  with  these  grants  in  Israel.  We  may  manufacture  the  products
outside Israel only if we receive prior approval from the IIA (such approval is not required for the transfer of up to 10% of the manufacturing
capacity in the aggregate, in which case a notice must be provided to the IIA and not objected to by the IIA within 30 days of such notice).

Know-How Transfer Limitation. We have certain limitations on our ability to transfer know-how funded by the IIA. Approval of any transfer of
IIA funded know-how to another Israeli company will be granted only if the recipient abides by the provisions of the Innovation Law and related
regulations. Transfer of IIA funded know-how outside of Israel requires prior approval of the IIA and may be subject to payments to the IIA.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

Change of Control. We must notify the IIA in respect of any change in the means of control in our company, including ownership of our shares. In
respect of any non-Israeli citizen, resident or entity that, among other things, (i) becomes a holder of 5% or more of our share capital or voting
rights, (ii) is entitled to appoint one or more of our directors or our chief executive officer or (iii) due to the change in the means of control in our
company, is nominated as one of our directors or as our chief executive officer  we are required to obtain an undertaking that such non-Israeli
citizen, resident or entity will comply with the rules and regulations applicable to the grant programs of the IIA.

Approval to manufacture products outside of Israel or consent to the transfer of IIA funded know-how, if requested, is within the discretion of the IIA.
Furthermore,  the  IIA  may  impose  conditions  on  any  arrangement  under  which  it  permits  us  to  transfer  IIA  funded  know-how  or  manufacturing  out  of
Israel.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  we  had  35  issued  U.S.  patents,  4  U.S.  reissued  patents,  and  3  pending  U.S.  patent  applications.  We  expect  to  formalize  our
evaluation process for determining which inventions to protect by patents or other means. We cannot be certain that patents will be issued as a result of the
patent applications we have filed.

In addition, during 2021, 2022 and 2023, we received non-royalty bearing grants from the Spain Tax Authority.

D. Trend Information

See “ITEM 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” above.

E. Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  financial  statements  and  the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty and
actual results may differ. Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere
in this annual report. Certain of our accounting policies are particularly important to the portrayal of our financial position and results of operations. In
applying  these  critical  accounting  policies,  our  management  uses  its  judgment  to  determine  the  appropriate  assumptions  to  be  used  in  making  certain
estimates.  Those  estimates  are  based  on  our  historical  experience,  the  terms  of  existing  contracts,  our  observance  of  trends  in  our  industry,  information
provided by our customers and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. With respect to our policies on revenue recognition and
warranty  costs,  our  historical  experience  is  based  principally  on  our  operations  since  we  commenced  selling  our  products  in  1998.  Our  estimates  are
primarily guided by observing the following critical accounting policies:

•

•

•

•

•

Revenue recognition;

Provision for returns;

Allowance for credit losses;

Accounting for share-based compensation;

Inventories;

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

•

•

Impairment of goodwill and long lived assets;

Income taxes;

Contingent liabilities; and

Contingent Consideration.

Because each of the accounting policies listed above requires the exercise of certain judgments and the use of estimates, actual results may differ from our
estimations and as a result would increase or decrease our future revenues and net income.

Revenue recognition. The Company generates revenues mainly from selling its products along with related maintenance and support services. At times,
these  arrangements  may  also  include  professional  services,  such  as  installation  services  or  training.  Some  of  the  Company’s  product  sales  are  through
resellers, distributors, OEMs and system integrators, all of whom are considered end-users. The Company also generates revenues from services, in which
the Company provides network filtering and security services to its customers.

The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle that transfer of control to the Company’s customers should be depicted in an amount reflecting
the consideration the Company expects to receive. As such, the Company identifies a contract with a customer, identifies the performance obligations in the
contract, determines the transaction price, allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract and recognizes revenues when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Most of the Company’s contracts usually include combinations of products and services, that are capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate
performance obligations.

The  products  are  distinct  as  the  customer  can  derive  the  economic  benefit  of  it  without  any  professional  services,  updates  or  technical  support.  The
Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price out of the total consideration of the
contract. For support, the Company determines the standalone selling prices based on the price at which the Company separately sells a renewal support
contract on a stand-alone basis. For professional services, the Company determines the standalone selling prices based on the price at which the Company
separately sells those services on a stand-alone basis. If the standalone selling price is not observable, the Company estimates the standalone selling price
by  taking  into  account  available  information  such  as  geographic  or  regional  specific  factors,  internal  costs,  profit  objectives,  and  internally  approved
pricing guidelines related to the performance obligation.

Product revenue is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation is being satisfied. Maintenance and support related revenues are deferred
and recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the applicable maintenance and support agreement. Professional services are usually recognized at a
point in time when the performance obligation is being satisfied.

The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle that transfer of control to the Company’s customers should be depicted in an amount reflecting
the consideration the Company expects to receive. As such, the Company identifies a contract with a customer, identifies the performance obligations in the
contract, determines the transaction price, allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract and recognizes revenues when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The  Company  also  enters  into  service  contracts,  in  which  the  Company  provides  SECaaS  solutions  to  operators,  which  the  Company  considers  as  its
customers. The Company’s SECaaS solutions are offered to operators on a Revenue Share business model, where both the Company and the operator share
the revenue generated from the operator’s subscribers, or offered for a fixed yearly fee or up to an agreed number of subscribers. Most of the Company’s
SECaaS  contracts  contain  a  single  performance  obligation  comprised  of  series  of  distinct  goods  and  services  satisfied  over  time.  The  contracts
consideration  is  based  on  usage  by  the  operator’s  subscribers.  As  such,  the  Company  allocates  the  variable  consideration  in  those  contracts  to  distinct
service periods in which the service is provided and recognizes revenue for each distinct service period.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for credit losses. Trade receivables are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount which was recognized as revenues less an allowance
for  any  potential  uncollectible  amounts.  The  Company  makes  estimates  of  expected  credit  losses  for  the  allowance  for  credit  losses  and  allowance  for
unbilled receivables based upon its assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the trade receivable balances, credit quality of
its customers, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect its ability
to  collect  from  customers.  The  estimated  credit  losses  allowance  is  recorded  as  general  and  administrative  expenses  on  the  Company’s  consolidated
statements of income (loss).

Accounting  for  share-based  compensation.  We  account  for  share-based  compensation  in  accordance  with  Accounting  Standards  Codification  No.  718,
“Compensation - Stock Compensation” (“ASC No. 718”) that requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of
grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite
service periods in our consolidated statement of comprehensive loss. We recognize compensation expense for the value of its awards granted based on the
straight-line method over the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. ASC No. 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at
the  time  of  the  grant  and  revised  in  subsequent  periods  if  actual  forfeitures  differ  from  those  estimates.  The  expected  annual  pre-vesting  forfeiture  rate
affects the number of vested RSUs. The pre-vesting rate ranged between 0% and 30% in the years 2023, 2022 and 2021. In connection with the grant of
options  and  RSUs,  we  recorded  total  share-based  compensation  expenses  of  $9.2  million  in  2022  and  $8.8  million  in  2023.  In  2023,  $1.2  million,  $3
million, $2.6 million and $2 million of our share-based compensation expense resulted from cost of revenue, research and development expenses, net, sales
and  marketing  expenses  and  general  and  administrative  expenses,  respectively,  based  on  the  department  in  which  the  recipient  of  the  option  grant  was
employed. As of December 31, 2023, we had an aggregate of $8.1 million of unrecognized share-based compensation remaining to be recognized over a
weighted average vesting period of 2 years.

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Inventory write-offs are provided to cover risks arising from slow-moving items, technological
obsolescence,  excess  inventory  and  discontinued  products.  Inventory  write-off  expenses  in  2023  and  2022  totaled  $1.6  million  and  $0.9  million,
respectively.

Marketable securities. We account for our investments in marketable securities using Accounting Standards Codification No. 320, “Investments - Debt and
Equity Securities” (“ASC No. 320”).

We determine the appropriate classification of marketable securities at the time of purchase and evaluate such designation as of each balance sheet date. We
classify all of our investments in marketable securities as available for sale. Available for sale securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and
losses reported in “accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” in shareholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses on sales of investments are included
in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of securities. The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted
for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization together with interest and dividends on securities are included in
financial income, net, if any.

As of December 31, 2023, we held available for sale marketable securities of $28.9 million.

Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets.

ASC 350 allows an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If the
qualitative assessment does not result in a more likely than not indication of impairment, no further impairment testing is required. If the Company elects
not to use this option, or if the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then
the  Company  prepares  a  quantitative  analysis  to  determine  whether  the  carrying  value  of  reporting  unit  exceeds  its  estimated  fair  value.  If  the  carrying
value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment of goodwill for the amount of this excess.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company operates in one operating segment, and this segment comprises its only reporting unit. The Company has performed an annual impairment
analysis as of December 31, 2023 and determined that the carrying value of the reporting unit was lower than the fair value of the reporting unit. Fair value
is determined using market value. During the years 2023, 2022 and 2021, no impairment losses were recorded.

We perform an annual impairment analysis of goodwill at December 31 of each year, or more often as applicable. We operate in one operating segment,
and this segment comprises only one reporting unit. The provisions of ASC No. 350 require that a two-step impairment test be performed on goodwill at
the level of the reporting units. In the first step, we compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value exceeds the carrying
value  of  the  net  assets,  goodwill  is  considered  not  impaired,  and  no  further  testing  is  required  to  be  performed.  If  the  carrying  value  of  the  net  assets
exceeds the fair value, then we must perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of goodwill. If the carrying
value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then we would record an impairment loss equal to the difference.

We believe that our business activity and management structure meet the criterion of being a single reporting unit for accounting purposes. We performed
an annual impairment analysis as of December 31, 2023, and determined that the carrying value of the reporting unit was lower than the fair value of the
reporting unit. Fair value is determined using market value. During the years ended 2022 and 2023, no impairment losses were recorded.

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recorded at fair value at the date of the acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets
are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed to be either
finite or indefinite. Intangible assets that are not considered to have an indefinite useful life are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Some of the
acquired intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives in proportion to the economic benefits realized. This accounting policy results in
accelerated amortization of such customer relationships and backlog as compared to the straight-line method. All other intangible assets are amortized over
their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis.

Property and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC No. 360, “Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash
flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by
which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. During the year ended 2022 no impairment losses were recorded and during the
year 2023 impairment losses were recorded in the amount of $1.6 million, due to concerns regarding the recoverability of the asset's carrying value.

Income taxes. We account for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification No. 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC No. 740”). ASC No.
740  prescribes  the  use  of  the  liability  method,  whereby  deferred  tax  asset  and  liability  account  balances  are  determined  based  on  differences  between
financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences
are expected to reverse. We provide a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value in the near future, if
it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
In  Israel,  we  have  accumulated  operating  loss  carry  forwards  of  approximately  $119  million  and  capital  losses  of  approximately  $27  million  for  tax
purposes as of December 31, 2023, which may be carried forward and offset against ordinary income and capital gains respectively in the future for an
indefinite  period.  In  the  United  States,  the  accumulated  losses  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  return  purposes  were  approximately  $2  million  and  the
accumulated  losses  for  U.S.  state  income  tax  return  purposes  were  approximately  $5  million.  The  federal  accumulated  losses  for  tax  purposes  expire
between 2027 and 2038. U.S. states have varying rules regarding expiration of net operating losses. We believe that because of our history of losses, and
uncertainty with respect to future taxable income, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets regarding the loss carry forwards will not be utilized
in the foreseeable future, and therefore, a valuation allowance was provided to reduce deferred tax assets to nil. The valuation allowance attributed to such
losses for the year ended December 31, 2023, was $50 million.

ASC No. 740 contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring a liability for uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position
taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation
of the technical merits, the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to
measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement.

Contingent liabilities. We are, from time to time, involved in claims, lawsuits, government investigations, and other proceedings arising in the ordinary
course  of  our  business.  In  making  a  determination  regarding  provisions  for  liability,  using  available  information,  we  evaluate  the  likelihood  of  an
unfavorable outcome in legal or regulatory proceedings to which we are a party to and record a loss contingency when it is probable a liability has been
incurred  and  the  amount  of  the  loss  can  be  reasonably  estimated.  These  subjective  determinations  are  based  on  the  status  of  such  legal  or  regulatory
proceedings,  the  merits  of  our  defenses  and  consultation  with  legal  counsel.  Legal  proceedings  are  inherently  unpredictable  and  subject  to  significant
uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, it could have a
material impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Contingent  Consideration.  We  measure  liabilities  related  to  earn-out  payments  at  fair  value  at  the  end  of  each  reporting  period.  The  fair  value  was
estimated by utilizing the future potential cash payments discounted to arrive at a present value amount, based on our expectation. The discount rate was
based on the Monte-Carlo simulation method by taking into account, forecast future revenues, expected volatility and weighted average cost of debt.

For more information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements.

54

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees

A. Directors and Senior Management

The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions of our directors and executive officers as of March 31, 2024:

 Name
Directors
David Reis (5)
Efrat Makov (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
Steven D. Levy (1)(2)(4)(5)
Nadav Zohar (2)(5)
Cynthia L. Paul
Raffi Kesten (1)(5)

Age

63
56
67
58
51
70

Executive Officers
Erez Antebi
Ziv Leitman
Rael Kolevsohn
Boaz Grossmann 
Assaf Eyal
Vered Zur
Mark Shteiman
Sarah Warshavsky-Oberman
Noam Lila
_____________
(1) Member of our compensation and nomination committee.
(2) Member of our audit committee.
(3) Lead independent director.
(4) Outside director.
(5) Independent director under the rules of Nasdaq.

65
65
54
55
63
60
48
51
49

Position

Chairman of the Board
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director

Chief Executive Officer and President
Chief Financial Officer
Vice President, Legal Affairs, General Counsel and Company Secretary
Senior Vice President, Cyber Security Product Unit
Senior Vice President, Global Sales
Vice President, Marketing
Senior Vice President Allot Smart Product Unit
Chief People Officer
Senior Vice President, Customer Success and Operations

55

 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors

David  Reis  has  served  as  Chairman  of  our  Board  since  September  2023.  Mr.  Reis  has  served  as  a  director  of  Stratasys  Ltd.  (NASDAQ:  SSYS)
(“Stratasys”) since June 2013. During his tenure with Stratasys, he also served as vice chairman of the board of directors of Stratasys and as an executive
director. Since 2017, Mr. Reis has served as Chairman at Enercon Technologies Ltd., Tuttnauer Ltd and Seed X Inc. (since 2020) and a director at Scodix
Ltd (since 2021). He also served as a director of Objet Ltd. from 2003 until the closing of the Stratasys-Objet merger and as the Chief Executive Officer of
Stratasys from March 2009 until July 2016 (and, prior to the Stratasys-Objet merger, as Chief Executive Officer of Objet). Previously, he served as Chief
Executive Officer and President of NUR Macroprinters Ltd. (NURMF.PK), a wide format printer manufacturer that was acquired by HP, from February
2006 to March 2008. Prior to joining NUR, Mr. Reis served as the Chief Executive Officer and President of ImageID, an automatic identification and data
capture  solution  provider,  and  of  Scitex  Vision,  a  developer  and  manufacturer  of  wide-format  printers.  Mr.  Reis  holds  a  B.A.  in  Economics  and
Management from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology and an M.B.A. from the University of Denver. Mr. Reis is also a graduate of the Harvard
Business School Advanced Management Program.

Efrat Makov has served as the lead independent director on our board since November 2021. She has served as a director of Ceragon Networks Ltd since
October 2022and B Communications Ltd. (TASE: BCOM) since November 2019. Ms. Makov previously served as a director of BioLight Life Sciences
Ltd. (TASE: BOLT), an emerging global ophthalmic company, from April 2011 to July 2020. Ms. Makov served as a director of Kamada Ltd. (NASDAQ:
KMDA),  a  plasma-derived  biopharmaceutical  company,  from  December  2018  to  December  2019,  of  Anchiano  Therapeutics  Ltd.  (NASDAQ:  ANCN)
(now known as Chemomab Therapeutics Ltd. (NASDAQ: CMMB)), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, from September 2018 to February 2020
and of  iSPAC 1 Ltd. (TASE: ISPC) from July 2021 to July 2023. Ms. Makov served as the Chief Financial Officer of Alvarion Ltd. (formerly NASDAQ;
TASE: ALVR), a global provider of autonomous Wi-Fi networks, from April 2007 to December 2010. Ms. Makov served as the Chief Financial Officer of
Aladdin Knowledge Systems Ltd. (formerly NASDAQ; TASE: ALDN), an information security leader specializing in authentication, software DRM and
content security, from September 2005 to January 2007, where she was responsible for the finance, operations, information systems and human resources
functions. Prior to that, Ms. Makov served in management positions at two Israeli-based public companies, including as Vice President of Finance at Check
Point  Software  Technologies  Ltd.  (NASDAQ:  CHKP),  a  worldwide  leader  in  IT  security,  from  September  2002  to  August  2005.  Ms.  Makov  served  as
Director of Finance for NUR Macroprinters Ltd. (formerly NASDAQ: NURM) (now known as Ellomay Capital Ltd. (NYSE; TASE: ELLO)), from August
2000 to August 2002. Prior to that, Ms. Makov spent seven years in public accounting with Arthur Andersen LLP in its New York, London and Tel Aviv
offices.  Ms.  Makov  holds  a  B.A.  degree  in  Accounting  and  Economics  from  Tel  Aviv  University  and  is  a  certified  public  accountant  in  Israel  and  the
United States.

Steven D. Levy has served as an outside director since 2007. Mr. Levy served as a Managing Director and Global Head of Communications Technology
Research  at  Lehman  Brothers,  a  global  financial  services  firm,  from  1998  to  2005.  Before  joining  Lehman  Brothers,  Mr.  Levy  was  a  Director  of
Telecommunications  Research  at  Salomon  Brothers,  an  American  investment  bank,  from  1997  to  1998,  Managing  Director  and  Head  of  the
Communications  Research  Team  at  Oppenheimer  &  Co.,  a  global  full-service  brokerage  and  investment  bank  from  1994  to  1997  and  a  senior
communications analyst at Hambrecht & Quist, a California-based investment bank, from 1986 to 1994. Mr. Levy has served as a director of PCTEL, a
broadband wireless technology company since 2006 and currently serves as the their Chairman and served as a director of Edison Properties, a privately
held  U.S.  real  estate  company,  since  2015.  Mr.  Levy  previously  served  as  a  director  of  privately  held  GENBAND  Inc.,  a  U.S.  provider  of
telecommunications equipment. Mr. Levy holds a B.Sc. in Materials Engineering and an M.B.A., both from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Nadav Zohar has served as an interim director since February 2017 and as a director since April 2017. Mr. Zohar has held the position of Chairman of the
LRC Group since 2018. Mr. Zohar served as the head of Business Development of Gett, an “on demand” transportation service provider from March 2015
and October 2018. Prior to joining Gett, Mr. Zohar served as Chief Operating Officer of Delek Global Real Estate PLC, company description to be added,
between  2006  and  2009  and  held  several  executive  positions  with  Morgan  Stanley,  a  multinational  investment  bank  and  financial  services  company,
between  2001  and  2006,  the  last  of  which  was  Executive  Director,  Financial  Sponsors  Group.  Prior  to  joining  Morgan  Stanley,  Mr.  Zohar  served  in
executive  roles  at  Lehman  Brothers,  a  global  financial  services  firm,  between  1997  and  2001.  Mr.  Zohar  serves  as  a  board  member  of  Matomy  Media
Group Ltd. (London Stock Exchange: MTMY), a digital performance-based advertising company. Mr. Zohar holds a Masters in Finance (graduated with
Merit) from the London Business School and a LLB in Law (graduated with honors) from the University of Reading.

56

 
 
 
 
 
Cynthia L. Paul, CFA, has served as a director since December 2022. She is Chief Investment Officer and Chief Executive Officer of Lynrock Lake LP,
an investment management firm she founded in 2018. Ms. Paul invests across the full capital structure of public and private companies, employing a long-
term, fundamentally-driven, value-oriented investment strategy, with a focus on the technology industry. She is a board member of ON24, Inc. (NYSE:
ONTF), a SaaS company providing a cloud-based sales and marketing platform for digital engagement. From 2018 until the time of its acquisition in 2021,
Ms.  Paul  served  as  a  board  member  of  DSP  Group,  a  NASDAQ-listed  semiconductor  company.  She  served  as  chairperson  of  the  Nomination  and
Corporate Governance Committee, a member of the Audit Committee, and a member of the Compensation Committee. Ms. Paul served as Chairperson of
the  Board  of  Directors  of  Conexant  Systems,  LLC,  a  privately-held  semiconductor  company,  from  2013  until  its  acquisition  in  2017.  Ms.  Paul  is  an
advisory board member and former board member of AlphaSense Inc., a privately-held SaaS company providing intelligent search to enterprise customers.
From 2002 to 2017, Ms. Paul was a portfolio manager at Soros Fund Management LLC (“SFM”), where she managed a portfolio across corporate credit,
convertible and equity securities. Ms. Paul joined SFM in 2000 and served as a SFM representative for the Council on Foreign Relations and on SFM’s
Investment Committee. Prior to joining SFM, she worked at The Palladin Group in 1999 and at JP Morgan from 1994 to 1999, most recently as Head of
Convertible  Research.  Ms.  Paul  graduated  from  Princeton  University  in  1994  with  an  Independent  Major  in  Statistics  and  Operations  Research,  a
Certificate from the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, and a Certificate in Engineering Management Systems.

Raffi Kesten has served as an interim director since May 2022 and as a director since December 2022. Mr. Kesten served as Chief Business Officer of
Radware Ltd. (NASDAQ: RDWR) since June 2019 until February 2022, leading all customer-facing functions worldwide as well as international sales,
professional services, sales engineering and business development, and international sales. Mr. Kesten has over 30 years of experience in leadership roles at
various technology companies, including Intel ,Vice President of HP Indigo Division, a division of HP Inc., between 1991 and 1995, as a Chief Operating
Officer  and  General  Manager  of  Cisco  Videoscape  (formerly  NDS  Group  -  Prior  acquisition)  from  1996  to  2015,  as  Vice  President  Video  and  General
Manager Israel of Cisco Videoscape from 2012 to 2015, as Silicon Process Engineer of Intel Corporation from 1982 to 1991, and as a managing partner at
Jerusalem Venture Partners from 2014 to 2018. Mr. Kesten holds a B.S. in chemical engineering from Ben Gurion University and an Executive M.B.A.
from The Hebrew University, Israel.

Executive Officers

Erez Antebi  has  served  as  our  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  since  February  2017.  Mr.  Antebi  served  as  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Gilat
Satellite Networks (NADAQ: GILT), a satellite communications technology and services provider, between 2012 and 2015. Between 2005 and 2012, Mr.
Antebi also served in several executive roles at Gilat Satellite Networks. Between 2003 and 2005, Mr. Antebi served as the Chief Executive Officer of
Clariton Networks, a start-up company, providing services in cellular coverage. Prior to that Mr. Antebi has served in a variety of roles at Gilat Satellite
Networks, Tadiran, a provider of radio communications for military applications and for Rafael, Israel Ministry of Defense. Mr. Antebi currently serves on
the  advisory  boards  of  HiSky.  Mr.  Antebi  holds  a  B.  Sc.,  Electrical  Engineering  (Communications),  Summa  Cum  Laude,  and  a  M.Sc.,  Electrical
Engineering (Information Theory), both from the Technion, Israel.

Ziv Leitman  has  served  as  our  Chief  Financial  Officer  since  November  2019.  Prior  to  joining  Allot,  Mr.  Leitman  served  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  of
Powermat Technologies, a wireless charging pioneer leader, and from 2011 to 2017 as CFO of Partner Communications, one of Israel’s leading mobile,
fixed-line, Internet and TV service providers. Between 2009 to 2011, he served as Deputy Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Paz Oil
Company, and between 2002 to 2009, as CFO of Comverse Inc., a leading provider of telecommunications products. From 1989 to 2002, Mr. Leitman also
held  Chief  Financial  Officer  positions  at  Discount  Investment  Corp.,  Lucent  Technologies  EIS,  Kimberly-Clark  Israel  and  Optrotech  (Orbotech).  Mr.
Leitman is a Certified Public Accountant and holds a B.A. in Economics and Accounting and an M.B.A. in Finance & Information Systems, both from the
Tel Aviv University.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
Mark Shteiman has served as our Senior Vice President Allot Smart Business Unit since December 2021. Prior to that Mr. Shteiman served as our Vice
President  Product  Management  since  October  2019.  Prior  to  that  Mr.  Shteiman  served  as  our  Associate  Vice  President  Product  Management  from  June
2018. Prior to Allot Mr. Shteiman served as Vice President Product Management at Kaminario Ltd. a leading All-flash Software-defined storage company,
redefining the future of cloud-scale datacenters, between 2012 and 2015 served as Head of Product, City business unit of AGT International Ltd., between
2011  and  2013  founded  Friendize  Me.  a  SaaS  Social  E-commerce  company  and  served  as  its  Chief  Executive  Officer,  between  2009  and  2011  as  Vice
President, Products at Gigafone Ltd., between 2006 and 2008 as VP Product Management NGM at Neustar, between 2000 - 2006 he held a number of
positions at Followap a leading mobile instant messaging (IM) and interoperability provider for mobile telecom operators and internet service providers,
during  2000  held  a  position  in  the  Israeli  Defense  Forces  and  between  1996  -  1998  served  as  a  software  developer  at  Aitech  Defense  Systems.  Mr.
Shteiman holds a B.Sc in Computer Science from the Technion, Israel.

Rael Kolevsohn joined our company in 2014 and serves as our Vice President Legal Affairs, General Counsel, and Company Secretary. Prior to joining us,
he served as Vice President and General Counsel of Radvision Ltd. from 2007 to 2014. From 1998 to 2007, Mr. Kolevsohn served as General Counsel and
Vice President of Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd. after joining Gilat as Legal Counsel. From 1994 to 1998, he completed his legal internship and worked as an
attorney at the Tel Aviv law firm of Yossifof, Amir Cohen & Co. Mr. Kolevsohn is a member of the Israel Bar Association and holds an LL.B. degree, with
honors, from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Assaf Eyal has served as our Senior Vice President, Global Sales since June 2021. Over the last 25 years, Mr. Eyal held leadership roles in sales, marketing
and customer service. Most recently, he served as SVP APAC at Drivenets. Prior to Drivenets, Mr. Eyal was Executive VP, Cyber Security for Enterprise at
Cognyte (NASDAQ:VRNT), President Commercial Division & Corporate VP at Gilat (NASDAQ: GILT), President & CEO at Ultrashape Medical and
EVP  at  Nur  Macroprinters. Additionally,  Mr.  Eyal  worked  at  Orbotech  Ltd.,  (NASDAQ:  ORBK,  now  a  KLA  company)  for  over  17  years  in  various
management positions in the United States, Hong Kong and Israel. Mr. Eyal holds an M.Sc in Management and B.Sc in Engineering.

Vered Zur has served as our Vice President, Marketing since April 2017. Prior to joining us, Ms. Zur served as Chief Marketing Officer of Electra Ltd.
(TASE:  ELECTRA),  a  leading  supplier  of  electric  appliances.  Between  2011  and  2014,  Ms.  Zur  served  as  VP  global  Sales  Operations  and  Business
enablement of Amdocs (NASDAQ: DOX), a provider of software and services to communications and media companies. Between 2005 and 2011, Ms. Zur
served as VP Customer Marketing of Comverse (Xura), a company that provided telecommunications software. Prior to that Ms. Zur served in various
marketing roles at telecommunications companies and advertising agencies. Ms. Zur holds a B.A. in Behavioral Science from the Ben-Gurion University
and a M.B.A from the Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University.

Boaz Grossmann has served as our Senior Vice President, Cybersecurity Product Unit since January 2024. Prior to that time, Mr. Grossmann has served as
our Vice President Cyber Security R&D since May 2022. Prior to that time Mr. Grossmann has served as our AVP Security Management System since
October  2020.  Mr.  Grossmann  has  more  than  20  years  R&D  and  management  experience  in  software  development  in  multi-disciplinaries  areas  (ISP,
Satellite, Managed Network Service and Cybersecurity) and technologies leading units and groups in different geographical locations.

Boaz holds B.Sc. in Mathematics and Computer Sciences from University of Haifa and Executive MBA from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 

Sarah Warshavsky-Oberman has served as our Chief People Officer since May 2022. Prior to joining Allot, Mrs. Warshavsky-Oberman served as a VP
of HR for National Instruments Corp. (NASDAQ: NATI) from 2021 to 2022. Mrs. Warshavsky-Oberman served as global VP of HR for Optimalplus, a
global software startup company, from 2018 until its acquisition by National Instruments Corp. in May 2020. Between 2014 and 2018, Mrs. Warshavsky-
Oberman  served  as  the  Global  HR  strategic  programs  lead  at  Teva  pharmaceuticals.  From  2010  to  2014,  she  served  in  different  HR  roles  for  Micron
Technology Inc. During the years 1996-2010, Mrs. Warshavsky-Oberman worked for Intel/Numonyx and served in various positions, including production
and engineering roles. Mrs. Warshavsky-Oberman holds M.B.A. from Tel Aviv University.

Noam Lila  has  served  as  our  Senior  Vice  President,  Customer  Success  and  Operations  since  January  2021.  Prior  to  that  time,  Mr.  Lila  served  as  our
Assistant Vice President, APAC Customer Success from February 2019. Prior to joining Allot, Mr. Lila accumulated over 20 years of experience in the
telecommunications industry, holding various executive positions at Amdocs and Comverse. Most recently, he was Vice President of Services at Amdocs
located in Australia, Vice President of APAC CS at Comverse located in Japan, VP of IT & SCM at Comverse, AVP of EMEA CS at Comverse and others.
Throughout his career, Mr. Lila lead hundreds of projects deployment and transformation programs to Tier 1 customers and some with value of more than
$100 million (USD) each.

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
Board Diversity

The table below provides certain information regarding the diversity of our board of directors as of December 31, 2023.

Country of Principal Executive Offices:

Foreign Private Issuer

Disclosure Prohibited under Home Country Law

Total Number of Directors

Board Diversity Matrix

Israel

Yes

No

8

Part I: Gender Identity

Directors

Part II: Demographic Background

Underrepresented Individual in Home Country Jurisdiction

LGBTQ+

Did Not Disclose Demographic Background

B. Compensation of Officers and Directors

Female

Male

Non-Binary

Did Not Disclose Gender

2

6

0

0

0

0

8

The aggregate compensation paid to or accrued on behalf of our directors and executive officers as a group during 2023 consisted of approximately $3.1
million  in  salary,  fees,  bonus,  commissions  and  directors’  fees,  including  amounts  we  expended  for  automobiles  made  available  to  our  officers,  but
excluding equity based compensation, dues for professional and business associations, business travel and other expenses, and other benefits commonly
reimbursed or paid by companies in Israel. This amount includes approximately $0.6 million set aside or accrued to provide pension, severance, retirement
or similar benefits or expenses.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In 2023, we paid or accrued to the chairman of the board of directors, Mr. Yigal Jacoby, an annual fee of ILS 358,200 (approximately $97,284 USD). we
paid or accrued to the chairman of the board of directors, Mr. David Reis, an annual fee of ILS 114,000 (approximately $29,900 USD). During such time
we  paid  our  directors,  Itzhak  Danziger,  Nadav  Zohar,  Efrat  Makov  and  Manuel  Echanove  ILS  71,190  (approximately  $19,334  USD),  ILS  92,190
(approximately $25,038 USD), ILS 120,690 (approximately $32,778 USD) and ILS 77,190 (approximately $20,964 USD), respectively, and we paid or
accrued to each of our outside directors, Steven Levy, Raffi Kesten and Cynthia Paul, as permitted by the Companies Law, an annual fee of ILS 107,190
(approximately $29,112 USD), ILS 106,440 (approximately $28,908 USD), and ILS 89,190 (approximately $24,223 USD), respectively. . The above fees
for each of our directors (other than Yigal Jacoby and David Reis) have included a per-meeting attendance fee of ILS 3,750 (approximately $1,018 USD)
for  any  meeting  he  or  she  attended  in  person  and  ILS  2,250  (approximately  $611  USD)  for  a  meeting  he  or  she  attended  by  conference  call  or  similar
means. Our directors are also typically granted upon election a total of 20,000 equity based awards, which vest over a period of not less than three years,
and 10,000 RSUs, as of every third annual general meeting following the respective director’s initial election.

During 2023, our executive officers and directors received, in the aggregate, 350,000 RSUs under our equity incentive plans.

Compensation of our Five Most Highly Compensated Office Holders

Summary Compensation Table

For so long as we qualify as a foreign private issuer, we are not required to comply with the proxy rules applicable to U.S. domestic companies, including
the  requirement  applicable  to  U.S.  domestic  companies  to  disclose  the  compensation  of  certain  executive  officers  on  an  individual,  rather  than  an
aggregate,  basis.  Nevertheless,  the  regulations  promulgated  under  the  Companies  Law  require  us  to  disclose  the  annual  compensation  of  our  five  most
highly compensated directors and officers on an individual, rather than on an aggregate, basis.

The  table  and  summary  below  outline  the  compensation  granted  to  our  five  most  highly  compensated  office  holders  during  or  with  respect  to  the  year
ended December 31, 2023. We refer to the five individuals for whom disclosure is provided herein as our “Covered Executives.”

For  purposes  of  the  table  and  the  summary  below,  “compensation”  includes  base  salary,  discretionary  and  non-equity  incentive  bonuses,  equity-based
compensation accrued or paid, payments accrued or paid in connection with retirement or termination of employment, and personal benefits and perquisites
such as car, phone and social benefits paid to or earned by each Covered Executive during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Name and Principal Position(1)
Ziv Leitman, Chief Financial Officer
Keren  Rubanenko,  Senior  Vice  President,  Cyber  Security
Business Unit
Assaf Eyal, Senior Vice President, Global Sales
Erez Antebi, President and Chief Executive Officer
Mark  Shteiman,  Senior  Vice  President  Allot  Smart  Business
Unit

Salary
($)
260,726     

Bonus and
Commission
($)(2)

Equity-Based
Compensation
($)(3)

All Other
Compensation
($)(4)

-     

390,285     

68,340     

246,233     
260,726     
260,726     

-     
35,364     
-     

358,285     
289,370     
330,799     

79,402     
87,894     
68,360     

Total
($)
719,352 

683,920 
673,355 
659,885 

228,136     

29,701     

238,625     

64,096     

530,857 

________________________
(1) Unless otherwise indicated herein, all Covered Executives are full-time employees of Allot.
(2) Amounts reported in this column represent annual incentive bonuses and commissions granted to the Covered Executives based on performance-metric

based formulas set forth in their respective employment agreements.

(3) Amounts reported in this column represent the grant date fair value computed in accordance with accounting guidance for share-based compensation.
For a discussion of the assumptions used in reaching this valuation, see Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December
31, 2023, included herein.

(4) Amounts reported in this column include personal benefits and perquisites, including those mandated by applicable law. Such benefits and perquisites
may include, to the extent applicable to the respective Covered Executive, payments, contributions and/or allocations for savings funds (e.g., Managers
Life  Insurance  Policy),  education  funds  (referred  to  in  Hebrew  as  “keren  hishtalmut”),  pension,  severance,  vacation,  car  or  car  allowance,  medical
insurances  and  benefits,  risk  insurance  (e.g.,  life  insurance  or  work  disability  insurance),  telephone  expense  reimbursement,  convalescence  or
recreation  pay,  relocation  reimbursement,  payments  for  social  security,  and  other  personal  benefits  and  perquisites  consistent  with  the  Company’s
guidelines. All amounts reported in the table represent incremental cost to the Company.

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
Compensation Policy

Under the Companies Law, we are required to adopt a compensation policy, recommended by the compensation and nominating committee and approved
by our board of directors and the shareholders, in that order. The shareholder approval requires a majority of the votes cast by shareholders, excluding any
controlling  shareholder  and  those  who  have  a  personal  interest  in  the  matter.  In  general,  all  directors  and  executive  officers’  terms  of  compensation,
including fixed remuneration, bonuses, equity compensation, retirement or termination payments, indemnification, liability insurance and the grant of an
exemption from liability, must comply with the compensation policy.

In  addition,  the  compensation  terms  of  directors,  the  chief  executive  officer,  and  any  employee  or  service  provider  who  is  considered  a  controlling
shareholder must be approved separately by the compensation and nominating committee, the Board of Directors and the shareholders of the Company (by
the same majority noted above), in that order. The compensation terms of other executive officers require the approval of the compensation and nominating
committee and the Board of Directors.

We strive to provide a mix of compensation that supports a pay-for-performance culture and emphasizes long-term incentives. Our executive compensation
packages have historically included equity grants, which we believe to be effective tools in aligning performance with compensation.

The  compensation  and  nominating  committee  and  the  Board  are  committed  to  responsible  management  of  earnings-per-share  dilution,  as  the  Company
must  balance  the  requirements  associated  with  its  equity  compensation  program  during  its  growth  stage  with  the  effect  on  dilution.  Therefore,  the
compensation and nominating committee and the Board continue to review the Company’s equity compensation practices to ensure that they remain in line
with evolving regulatory conditions and changes in best practices. The Company remains focused on open and ongoing dialogue with its shareholders and
welcomes regular feedback regarding its compensation policies.

Our compensation policy was approved by our compensation and nominating committee and by our Board of Directors, and subsequently approved by our
shareholders in December 2023, and will be in effect for a period of three years following approval. Our compensation policy provides:

•

•

Objectives: To attract, motivate and retain highly experienced personnel who will provide leadership for Allot’s success and enhance shareholder
value, and to promote for each executive officer an opportunity to advance in a growing organization.

Compensation instruments:  Includes  base  salary;  benefits  and  perquisites;  cash  bonuses;  equity-based  awards;  and  retirement  and  termination
arrangements.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Ratio between fixed and variable compensation: Allot aims to balance the mix of fixed compensation (base salary, benefits and perquisites) and
variable compensation (cash bonuses and equity-based awards) pursuant to the ranges set forth in the compensation policy in order, among other
things, to tie the compensation of each executive officer to Allot’s financial and strategic achievements and enhance the alignment between the
executive officer’s interests and the long-term interests of Allot and its shareholders.

Internal compensation ratio: Allot will target a ratio between overall compensation of the executive officers and the average and median salary of
the other employees of Allot, as set forth in the compensation policy, to ensure that levels of executive compensation will not have a negative
impact on work relations in Allot.

Base  salary,  benefits  and  perquisites:  The  compensation  policy  provides  guidelines  and  criteria  for  determining  base  salary,  benefits  and
perquisites for executive officers.

Cash bonuses: Allot’s policy is to allow annual cash bonuses, which may be awarded to executive officers pursuant to the guidelines and criteria,
including maximum bonus opportunities, set forth in the compensation policy.

“Clawback”: In the event of an accounting restatement, Allot shall be entitled to recover from current executive officers bonus compensation in
the amount of the excess over what would have been paid under the accounting restatement, with a three-year look-back.

Equity-based  awards:  Allot’s  policy  is  to  provide  equity-based  awards  in  the  form  of  share  options,  restricted  share  units  and  other  forms  of
equity,  which  may  be  awarded  to  executive  officers  pursuant  to  the  guidelines  and  criteria,  including  minimum  vesting  period,  set  forth  in  the
compensation policy.

Retirement and termination: The compensation policy provides guidelines and criteria for determining retirement and termination arrangements of
executive officers, including limitations thereon.

Exculpation,  indemnification  and  insurance:  The  compensation  policy  provides  guidelines  and  criteria  for  providing  directors  and  executive
officers with exculpation, indemnification and insurance.

Directors:  The  compensation  policy  provides  guidelines  for  the  compensation  of  our  directors  in  accordance  with  applicable  regulations
promulgated  under  the  Companies  Law,  and  for  equity-based  awards  that  may  be  granted  to  directors  pursuant  to  the  guidelines  and  criteria,
including minimum vesting period, set forth in the compensation policy.

Applicability:  The  compensation  policy  applies  to  all  compensation  agreements  and  arrangements  approved  after  the  date  on  which  the
compensation policy is approved by the shareholders.

Review:  The  compensation  and  nominating  committee  and  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Allot  shall  review  and  reassess  the  adequacy  of  the
Compensation Policy from time to time, as required by the Companies Law.

C. Board Practices

Corporate Governance Practices

As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted under Nasdaq Rule 5615(a)(3) to follow Israeli corporate governance practices instead of Nasdaq requirements
applicable to the U.S. issuers, provided we disclose which requirements we are not following and describe the equivalent Israeli requirement. See “ITEM
16G:  Corporate  Governance  Requirements”  for  a  discussion  of  those  ways  in  which  our  corporate  governance  practices  differ  from  those  required  by
Nasdaq for domestic companies.

62

 
 
 
Board of Directors

Terms of Directors

Our articles of association provide that we may have not less than five directors and have up to nine directors.

Under our articles of association, our directors (other than our outside directors) are divided into three classes. Each class of directors consists, as nearly as
possible, of one-third of the total number of directors constituting the entire board of directors (other than our outside directors). At each annual meeting of
our shareholders, the election or reelection of directors following the expiration of the term of office of the directors of that class of directors is for a term
of  office  that  expires  on  the  third  annual  meeting  following  such  election  or  reelection,  such  that  each  year  the  term  of  office  of  one  class  of  directors
expires.

Our Class II directors, David Reis (who also serves as our chairman of the board of directors) and Raffi Kesten, will hold office until our annual meeting of
shareholders  to  be  held  in  2024.  Our  Class  I  directors,  Nadav  Zohar  and  Cynthia  Paul,  will  hold  office  until  the  2025  Annual  General  Meeting  of
Shareholders. We currently have no Class III directors on our board. The directors (other than the outside directors) are elected by a vote of the holders of a
majority of the voting power present and voting at the meeting. Each director will hold office until the annual general meeting of our shareholders for the
year in which his or her term expires and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, unless the tenure of such director expires earlier pursuant
to the Companies Law or unless he or she resigns or is removed from office.

Under the Companies Law, a director (including an outside director) must declare in writing that he or she has the required skills and the ability to dedicate
the time required to serve as a director in addition to other statutory requirements. A director who ceases to meet the statutory requirements for his or her
appointment must immediately notify us of the same and his or her office will become vacated upon such notice.

Under  our  articles  of  association,  the  approval  of  a  special  majority  of  the  holders  of  at  least  75%  of  the  voting  rights  present  and  voting  at  a  general
meeting is generally required to remove any of our directors (other than the outside directors) from office. The holders of a majority of the voting power
present and voting at a meeting may elect directors in their stead or fill any vacancy, however created, in our board of directors. In addition, vacancies on
our board of directors, other than a vacancy in the office of an outside director, may be filled by a vote of a simple majority of the directors then in office. A
director so chosen or appointed will hold office until the next annual general meeting of our shareholders, unless earlier removed by the vote of a majority
of the directors then in office prior to such annual meeting. See “-Outside Directors” for a description of the procedure for election of outside directors.

Outside Directors

Qualifications of Outside Directors

The Companies Law requires companies incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel with shares listed on a stock exchange, including Nasdaq, to
appoint at least two outside directors. Our outside directors are Ms. Makov and Mr. Levy. Ms. Makov also serves as the lead independent director.

Outside  directors  are  required  to  meet  standards  of  independence  requirements  set  forth  in  the  Companies  Law  and  of  the  listing  standards  of  Nasdaq.
Among other independence qualifications, a person may not serve as an outside director if he is a relative of a controlling shareholder of a company, or if
he  or  his  affiliate  (as  defined  in  the  Companies  Law)  has  an  employment,  business  or  professional  relationship  or  other  affiliation  (as  defined  in  the
Companies Law) with us.

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, the Companies Law requires every outside director appointed to the board of directors of an Israeli company to qualify as a “financial and
accounting expert” or as “professionally competent,” as such terms are defined in the applicable regulations under the Companies Law, and at least one
outside director must qualify as a “financial and accounting expert.” If at least one of our directors meets the independence requirements of the Exchange
Act and the standards of Nasdaq rules for membership on the audit committee and also has financial and accounting expertise as defined in the Companies
Law, then the other outside directors are only required to meet the professional qualifications requirement. Under applicable regulations, a director with
financial and accounting expertise is a director who, through his or her education, professional experience and skill, has a high level of proficiency in and
understanding of business accounting matters and financial statements. He or she must be able to thoroughly comprehend the financial statements of the
company and initiate debate regarding the manner in which financial information is presented.

Election of Outside Directors

Outside directors are elected by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, provided that either:

•

•

the majority of shares voted at the meeting, including at least a majority of the shares of non-controlling shareholder(s) and shareholders who do not
have a personal interest in the election of the outside director (other than a personal interest that does not result from the shareholder’s relationship
with a controlling shareholder), voted at the meeting, excluding abstentions, vote in favor of the election of the outside director; or

the total number of shares of non-controlling shareholders and shareholders who do not have a personal interest in the election of the outside director
(excluding a personal interest that does not result from the shareholder’s relationship with a controlling shareholder) voted against the election of the
outside director does not exceed two percent of the aggregate voting rights in the company.

The initial term of an outside director is three years, and he or she may be reelected to up to two additional terms of three years each at a shareholders’
meeting, subject to the voting threshold set forth above. Thereafter, an outside director may be reelected for additional periods of up to three years each,
only if the company’s audit committee and board of directors confirm that, in light of the outside director’s expertise and special contribution to the work of
the board of directors and its committees, the reelection for such additional period is beneficial to the company. The terms of our outside directors, Efrat
Makov and Steven Levy, will continue until November 30, 2024 and August 14, 2025, respectively, unless such office is vacated in accordance with our
Articles of Association or the Israel Companies Law. Outside directors may be removed by the same voting threshold as is required for their election, or by
a  court,  and  only  if  the  outside  directors  cease  to  meet  the  statutory  qualifications  for  their  appointment  or  if  they  violate  their  duty  of  loyalty  to  the
company. The tenure of outside directors, like all directors, may also be terminated by a court under limited circumstances. If the vacancy of an outside
director position causes the company to have fewer than two outside directors, a company’s board of directors is required under the Companies Law to call
a special general meeting of the company’s shareholders as soon as possible to appoint a new outside director. Each committee of a company’s board of
directors which is authorized to exercise the board of directors’ authorities is required to include at least one outside director, except for the audit committee
and the compensation committee, which are required to include all outside directors.

An outside director is entitled to compensation and reimbursement of expenses as provided in regulations promulgated under the Companies Law, and is
otherwise prohibited from receiving any other compensation, directly or indirectly, in connection with services provided as an outside director, other than
indemnification, exculpation and insurance as permitted pursuant to the Companies Law.

Nasdaq Requirements

Under  Nasdaq  rules,  a  majority  of  directors  must  meet  the  independence  requirements  specified  in  those  rules.  Our  board  of  directors  consists  of  six
members,  all  of  whom  are  independent  under  the  listing  standards  of  Nasdaq,  as  determined  by  the  board  of  directors.  Specifically,  our  board  has
determined  that  Ms.  Efrat  Makov,  Mr.  David  Reis,  Mr.  Steven  Levy,  Mr.  Raffi  Kesten,  Ms.  Cynthia  Paul  and  Mr.  Nadav  Zohar  meet  the  independence
standards of Nasdaq rules. In reaching this conclusion, the board determined that none of these directors has a relationship that would interfere with the
exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. None of our directors is a member of our executive team. See “ITEM
16G. Corporate Governance” for additional information.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee

Companies Law Requirements

Under the Companies Law, the board of directors of any public company must appoint an audit committee comprised of at least three directors, including
all of the outside directors. The following persons may not be appointed as members of the audit committee:

•

•

•

the chairperson of the board of directors;

a controlling shareholder or a relative of a controlling shareholder (as defined in the Companies Law); or

any  director  who  is  engaged  by,  or  provides  services  on  a  regular  basis  to  the  company,  the  company’s  controlling  shareholder  or  an  entity
controlled by a controlling shareholder or any director who generally relies on a controlling shareholder for his or her livelihood.

The  Companies  Law  requires  the  majority  of  the  audit  committee  members  to  be  independent  directors  (as  defined  in  the  Companies  Law),  and  the
chairman of the audit committee is required to be an outside director. Any person disqualified from serving as a member of the audit committee may not be
present  at  the  audit  committee  meetings,  unless  the  chairperson  of  the  audit  committee  has  determined  that  this  person  is  required  to  be  present  for  a
particular matter. The Companies Law provides for certain other exclusions to this provision.

Nasdaq Requirements

Under Nasdaq rules, companies are required to maintain an audit committee consisting of at least three independent directors, all of whom are financially
literate  and  one  of  whom  has  accounting  or  related  financial  management  expertise.  Our  audit  committee  members  are  required  to  meet  additional
independence standards, including minimum standards set forth in rules of the SEC and adopted by Nasdaq.

Each of the members of our audit committee is “independent” under the relevant Nasdaq rules and as defined in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Exchange Act,
which is different from the general test for independence of board and committee members.

Approval of Transactions with Related Parties

The  approval  of  the  audit  committee  is  required  to  effect  specified  actions  and  transactions  with  office  holders  and  controlling  shareholders.  The  term
“office  holder”  means  a  general  manager,  chief  business  manager,  deputy  general  manager,  vice  general  manager,  or  any  other  person  assuming  the
responsibilities of any of the foregoing positions, without regard to such person’s title, as well as any director or manager directly subordinate to the general
manager. The term “controlling shareholder” means a shareholder with the ability to direct the activities of the company, other than by virtue of being an
office holder. A shareholder is presumed to be a controlling shareholder if the shareholder holds 50% or more of the voting rights in a company or has the
right  to  appoint  the  majority  of  the  directors  of  the  company  or  its  general  manager.  For  the  purpose  of  approving  transactions  with  controlling
shareholders, the term also includes any shareholder that holds 25% or more of the voting rights of the company, if the company has no shareholder that
owns more than 50% of its voting rights. For purposes of determining the holding percentage stated above, two or more shareholders who have a personal
interest  in  a  transaction  that  is  brought  for  the  company’s  approval  are  deemed  as  joint  holders.  The  audit  committee  may  not  approve  an  action  or  a
transaction  with  a  controlling  shareholder  or  with  an  office  holder  unless  all  the  requirements  of  the  Companies  Law  regarding  the  structure  of  the
committee and the persons entitled to be present at meetings are met at the time of approval.

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee Role

Our board of directors has adopted an audit committee charter setting forth the responsibilities of the audit committee consistent with the rules of the SEC
and Nasdaq, which include:

•

•

•

retaining and terminating the company’s independent auditors, subject to shareholder ratification;

pre-approval of audit and non-audit services provided by the independent auditors; and

approval of transactions with office holders and controlling shareholders, as described above, and other related-party transactions.

Additionally, under the Companies Law, the audit committee is responsible for: (a) identifying deficiencies in the management of a company’s business and
making  recommendations  to  the  board  of  directors  as  to  how  to  correct  them;  (b)  reviewing  and  deciding  whether  to  approve  certain  related  party
transactions and certain transactions involving conflicts of interest; (c) deciding whether certain actions involving conflicts of interest are material actions
and  whether  certain  related  party  transactions  are  extraordinary  transactions;  (d)  reviewing  the  internal  auditor’s  work  program;  (e)  examining  the
company’s  internal  control  structure  and  processes,  the  performance  of  the  internal  auditor  and  whether  the  internal  auditor  has  the  tools  and  resources
required to perform his or her duties; and (f) examining the independent auditor’s scope of work as well as the independent auditor’s fees, and providing
the  corporate  body  responsible  for  determining  the  independent  auditor’s  fees  with  its  recommendations.  In  addition,  the  audit  committee  is  also
responsible  for  implementing  procedures  concerning  employee  complaints  on  improprieties  in  the  administration  of  the  company’s  business  and  the
protection  to  be  provided  to  such  employees.  Furthermore,  in  accordance  with  regulations  promulgated  under  the  Companies  Law,  the  audit  committee
discusses the draft financial statements and presents to the board its recommendations with respect to the draft financial statements. The audit committee
charter states that in fulfilling this role the committee is entitled to rely on interviews and consultations with our management, our internal auditor and our
independent auditor, and is not obligated to conduct any independent investigation or verification.

Our audit committee consists of Ms. Efrat Makov, Mr. Steven Levy and Mr. Nadav Zohar. The chairperson is Ms. Makov. The financial experts on the audit
committee pursuant to the definition under the relevant SEC rules and are all members of the audit committee.

Compensation and Nominating Committee

Under  the  Companies  Law,  the  compensation  committee  of  a  public  company  must  consist  of  at  least  three  directors  who  satisfy  certain  independence
qualifications,  including  the  additional  independence  requirements  of  Nasdaq  rules  applicable  to  the  members  of  compensation  committees,  and  the
chairman  of  the  compensation  committee  is  required  to  be  an  outside  director.  We  have  established  a  compensation  and  nominating  committee  which
currently consists of Ms. Efrat Makov, Mr. Steven Levy, and Mr. Raffi Kesten. The chairperson is Mr. Levy. This committee oversees matters related to our
compensation policy and practices. Our board of directors has adopted a compensation and nominating committee charter setting forth the responsibilities
of the committee consistent with the Companies Law and Nasdaq rules, which include:

•

approving, and recommending to the board of directors and the shareholders for their approval, the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer
and other executive officers;

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

•

granting options and RSUs to our employees and the employees of our subsidiaries;

recommending candidates for nomination as members of our board of directors; and

developing  and  recommending  to  the  board  corporate  governance  guidelines  and  a  code  of  business  ethics  and  conduct  in  accordance  with
applicable laws.

The compensation committee is also authorized to retain and terminate compensation consultants, legal counsel or other advisors to the committee and to
approve  the  engagement  of  any  such  consultant,  counsel  or  advisor,  to  the  extent  it  deems  necessary  or  appropriate  after  specifically  analyzing  the
independence of any such consultant retained by the committee.

On  specified  criteria,  to  review  modifications  to  the  compensation  policy  from  time  to  time,  to  review  its  implementation  and  to  approve  the  actual
compensation terms of office holders prior to approval by the board of directors.

Internal Auditor

Under the Companies Law, the board of directors of a public company must appoint an internal auditor nominated by the audit committee. The role of the
internal auditor is, among other things, to examine whether a company’s actions comply with applicable law and orderly business procedure. The internal
auditor may be an employee of the company but not an interested party (as defined in the Companies Law), an office holder of the company, or a relative of
an interested party or an office holder, among other restrictions. The audit committee has appointed the firm of Deloitte Brightman Almagor Zohar as the
internal auditor of the Company.

Exculpation, Insurance and Indemnification of Office Holders

Under  the  Companies  Law,  a  company  may  not  exculpate  an  office  holder  from  liability  for  a  breach  of  the  duty  of  loyalty.  However,  a  company  may
provide  certain  indemnification  rights  as  detailed  below  and  obtain  insurance  for  an  act  performed  in  breach  of  the  duty  of  loyalty  of  an  office  holder
provided that the office holder acted in good faith, the act or its approval does not harm the company, and the office holder discloses the nature of his or her
personal  interest  in  the  act  and  all  material  facts  and  documents  a  reasonable  time  before  discussion  of  the  approval.  Our  articles  of  association,  in
accordance with Israeli law, allow us to exculpate an office holder, in advance, from liability to us, in whole or in part, for damages caused to us as a result
of a breach of duty of care. We may not exculpate a director for liability arising out of a prohibited dividend or distribution to shareholders or prohibited
purchase of its securities.

In accordance with Israeli law, our articles of association allow us to indemnify an office holder in respect of certain liabilities either in advance of an event
or following an event. Under Israeli law, an undertaking provided in advance by an Israeli company to indemnify an office holder with respect to a financial
liability imposed on him or her in favor of another person pursuant to a judgment, settlement or arbitrator’s award approved by a court must be limited to
events which in the opinion of the board of directors can be foreseen based on the company’s activities when the undertaking to indemnify is given, and to
an amount or according to criteria determined by the board of directors as reasonable under the circumstances, and such undertaking must detail the above
mentioned events and amount or criteria. Our articles of association allow us to undertake in advance to indemnify an office holder for, among other costs,
reasonable  litigation  expenses,  including  attorneys’  fees,  and  certain  financial  liabilities  and  obligations,  subject  to  certain  restrictions  pursuant  to  the
Companies Law.

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
In accordance with Israeli law, our articles of association allow us to insure an office holder against certain liabilities incurred for acts performed as an
office  holder,  including  certain  breaches  of  duty  of  loyalty  to  the  company,  a  breach  of  duty  of  care  to  the  company  or  to  another  person  and  certain
financial liabilities and obligations imposed on the office holder.

We may not indemnify or insure an office holder against any of the following:

•

•

•

•

a breach of duty of loyalty, except to the extent that the office holder acted in good faith and had a reasonable basis to believe that the act would
not prejudice the company;

a breach of duty of care committed intentionally or recklessly, excluding a breach arising out of the negligent conduct of the office holder;

an act or omission committed with intent to derive illegal personal benefit; or

a fine, civil fine, monetary sanction or forfeit levied against the office holder.

Under the Companies Law, exculpation, indemnification and insurance of office holders must be approved by our compensation committee and our board
of directors and, in respect of our directors, the chief executive officer, and any employee or service provider who is considered a controlling shareholder,
by  our  shareholders,  provided  that  changes  to  existing  arrangements  may  be  approved  by  the  audit  committee  if  it  approves  that  such  changes  are
immaterial.

As of the date of this annual report, there are no claims for directors’ and officers’ liability insurance which have been filed in 2023 under our policies and
we are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors or officers in which indemnification is sought.

We have entered into agreements with each of our directors and with certain of our office holders exculpating them, to the fullest extent permitted by law,
from liability to us for damages caused to us as a result of a breach of duty of care, and undertaking to indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted by
law. This indemnification is limited to events determined as foreseeable by the board of directors based on our activities, and to an amount or according to
criteria  determined  by  the  board  of  directors  as  reasonable  under  the  circumstances,  and  the  insurance  is  subject  to  our  discretion  depending  on  its
availability,  effectiveness  and  cost.  The  current  maximum  amount  set  forth  in  such  agreements  is  the  greater  of  (1)  with  respect  to  indemnification  in
connection  with  a  public  offering  of  our  securities,  the  gross  proceeds  raised  by  us  and/or  any  selling  shareholder  in  such  public  offering,  and  (2)  with
respect  to  all  permitted  indemnification,  including  a  public  offering  of  our  securities,  an  amount  equal  to  50%  of  the  our  shareholders’  equity  on  a
consolidated basis, based on our most recent financial statements made publicly available before the date on which the indemnity payment is made.

In  the  opinion  of  the  SEC,  indemnification  of  directors  and  office  holders  for  liabilities  arising  under  the  Securities  Act  is  against  public  policy  and
therefore unenforceable.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
D. Employees*

As of December 31, 2023, we had 559 Employees of whom 222 were based in Israel, 197 in Europe, 27 in North America, 20 in Latin America and 93 in
Asia, Africa and Oceania. We have never experienced a work stoppage or a strike. The breakdown of our employees by department is as follows:

Department
Manufacturing and operations
Research and development
Sales, marketing, service and support
Management and administration
Total

2021

December 31,
2022

2023

13     
331     
324     
73     
741     

15     
328     
328     
78     
749     

12 
220 
263 
64 
559 

The table below provides a breakdown of employees, permanent contractors and subcontractors employed or engaged by the Company (herein: “Personnel
Employed”):

Full time Employee
Part time Employee
Permanent Contractor
Subcontractor
Total

2021

December 31,
2022

2023

508     
38     
33     
162     
741     

523     
38     
37     
151     
749     

401 
33 
32 
93 
559 

* Based on the number of full time equivalent Personnel Employed, which is the product of all full time Personnel Employed, plus the ratio of the average
monthly hours of part time Personnel Employed to average monthly hours of full time Personnel Employed. In the foregoing table and in each instance
herein where number of employees is provided, employees include full time and part time employees, as well as subcontractors and consultants. Typically,
our employees, as well as our subcontractors and consultants, are employed or engaged for indefinite periods of time and may be dismissed or terminated
with or without notice, depending on the jurisdiction and contracts under which they are employed or engaged. Under applicable Israeli law, we and our
employees are subject to protective labor provisions such as restrictions on working hours, minimum wages, minimum vacation, sick pay, severance pay
and  advance  notice  of  termination  of  employment  as  well  as  equal  opportunity  and  anti-discrimination  laws.  Orders  issued  by  the  Israeli  Ministry  of
Economy make certain industry-wide collective bargaining agreements applicable to us. These agreements affect matters such as cost of living adjustments
to salaries, length of working hours and week, recuperation, travel expenses, and pension rights. Except as otherwise stated hereunder, our employees are
not  represented  by  a  labor  union.  Under  Spanish  Labor  law,  we  and  our  employees  are  subject  to  protective  labor  provisions  and  collective  bargaining
agreements, governing, among others, restrictions on working hours, minimum wages, minimum vacation, sick pay, severance pay and advance notice of
termination of employment as well as equal opportunity and anti-discrimination laws. Our workers in our San Sebastian office in Spain are represented by a
worker’s representative, who was recently elected for a term of four years. In addition, our employees in our Madrid office in Spain are represented by five
worker representatives, who were recently elected for a term of four years. Such representatives represent the employees with respect to labor health and
prevention,  training  and  equality.  We  provide  our  employees  with  benefits  and  working  conditions  which  we  believe  are  competitive  with  benefits  and
working conditions provided by similar companies. To foster wellbeing, we allow a hybrid mode of work to employees who attend an office. We expect
employees to work in the office for 3 days each week, while in the remaining 2 days they may work remotely to allow flexibility and work life balance. In
addition,  starting  May  2023,  we  have  allowed  a  short  work  week  (4  working  days  a  week)  once  a  month,  for  all  company  personnel.  We  have  never
experienced labor-related work stoppages and believe that our relations with our employees are good.

69

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
E. Share Ownership

Beneficial Ownership of Executive Officers and Directors

The  following  table  sets  forth  certain  information  regarding  the  beneficial  ownership  of  our  ordinary  shares  as  of  March  31,  2024  by  (i)  each  of  our
directors, (ii) each of our executive officers and (iii) all of our executive officers and directors serving as of March 31, 2024, as a group. Unless otherwise
stated,  the  address  of  each  named  executive  officer  and  director  is  c/o  Allot  Ltd,  22  Hanagar  Street,  Neve  Ne’eman  Industrial  Zone  B,  Hod-Hasharon
4501317, Israel.

Name of Beneficial Owner
Directors
David Reis
Efrat Makov
Manuel Echanove(2)
Nadav Zohar
Steven D. Levy
Yigal Jacoby(2)
Raffi Kesten
Cynthia Paul

Executive Officers
Erez Antebi
Ziv Leitman
Rael Kolevsohn
Vered Zur
Mark Shteiman
 Noam Lila
 Assaf Eyal
 Sarah Warshavsky Oberman
 Boaz Grossman
All directors and executive officers as a group

____________

* Less than one percent of the outstanding ordinary shares.

70

Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Held(1)

Percent of
Class

*     
*     
*     
*     
*     
*     
*     
8,776,999     

*     
446,666     
*     
*     
*     
*     

*     
*     
*     
10,234,587     

* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*
* 
22.8%

* 
1.2%
* 
* 
* 
* 

* 
* 
* 
26.6%

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
  
 
(1)

As used in this table, “beneficial ownership” is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and consists of either or both voting or investment
power with respect to securities. For purposes of this table, a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner of securities that can be acquired within 60
days  from  March  31,  2024  through  the  exercise  of  any  option  or  pursuant  to  vesting  of  RSU.  Ordinary  shares  subject  to  options  that  are  currently
exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2024 and outstanding RSUs vesting within 60 days of March 31, 2024 are deemed outstanding
for computing the ownership percentage of the person holding such options or RSUs, but are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the
ownership percentage of any other person. Except as otherwise indicated, the persons named in the table have reported that they have sole voting and
sole  investment  power  with  respect  to  all  ordinary  shares  shown  as  beneficially  owned  by  them.  The  amounts  and  percentages  are  based  upon
38,441,772 ordinary shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024 pursuant to Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i) under the Exchange Act.

(2) Former Director, stepped down during the 2023 Fiscal Year.

Our  directors  and  executive  officers  hold,  in  the  aggregate,  1,234,587  outstanding  options  and  RSUs.  The  said  amount  includes  options  currently
exercisable for 360,000 ordinary shares, as of March 31, 2024. The options (excluding RSUs) have a weighted average exercise price of $5.11 per share
and have expiration dates until 2025.

Share Option Plans

The following table summarizes our equity incentive plans, which have outstanding awards as of March 31, 2024:

Plan
2016 Incentive Compensation
Plan

Shares
reserved

Option and
RSU grants,
net (*)

Outstanding
options and
RSUs

Options
outstanding
exercise
price

252,847     

11,858,262     

3,955,755     

0.028-27.58 

Date of expiration

5/5/2023-9/6/2025

Options
exercisable  

377,095 

____________
(*) “Option and RSU grants, net” is calculated by subtracting options and RSUs expired or forfeited.

As of March 31, 2024, we had 38,441,772 ordinary shares outstanding. We have adopted four share option plans. Under our share option plans, as of March
31, 2024, there were 3,955,755 outstanding options and RSUs, including options currently exercisable for 377,095 ordinary shares. As of March 31, 2024,
252,847 shares remained available for future grants under the 2016 Plan (as described below). Upon issuance, such ordinary shares may be freely sold in
the public market, except for shares held by affiliates who have certain restrictions on their ability to sell. The options (excluding RSUs) have a weighted
average exercise price of $5.37 per share.

We will only grant options, RSUs or other equity incentive awards under the 2016 Incentive Compensation Plan, although previously-granted options will
continue to be governed by our other plans.

2016 Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (formerly, 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan)

The Allot Ltd. 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2006 Plan”) was adopted by the Company’s board of directors on October 29, 2006 and became
effective  immediately  prior  to  the  effective  date  of  the  Company’s  initial  public  offering.  Effective  October  28,  2016,  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the
Company  amended  and  restated  the  2006  Plan  to  extend  the  term  of  the  2006  Plan  by  ten  years  and  to  rename  the  2006  Plan  as  the  Allot  Ltd.  2016
Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan will remain in effect, subject to the right of the Board of Directors to amend or terminate
the 2016 Plan at any time pursuant to the terms of the 2016 Plan, until all shares reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan shall have been delivered, and
any restrictions on such shares shall have lapsed, provided that in no event may an award under the 2016 Plan be granted on or after October 27, 2026.

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
The  2016  Plan  is  intended  to  further  our  success  by  increasing  the  ownership  interest  of  certain  of  our  and  our  subsidiaries’  employees,  directors  and
consultants and to enhance our and our subsidiaries’ ability to attract and retain employees, directors and consultants.

The number of ordinary shares that we may issue under the 2016 Plan will increase on the first day of each fiscal year, in each case in an amount equal to
the  lesser  of  (i)  3,000,000,  (ii)  3.5%  of  the  outstanding  shares  on  the  last  day  of  the  immediately  preceding  year,  or  (iii)  an  amount  determined  by  the
Board; provided, however, that there may be one or more additional increases during such fiscal year, on such date or dates as may be determined by the
Board of Directors  provided that the aggregate amount of all increases during any fiscal year shall not exceed 3.5% of the outstanding shares on the last
day of the immediately preceding year . The number of shares subject to the 2016 Plan is also subject to adjustment if particular capital changes affect our
share  capital.  Ordinary  shares  subject  to  outstanding  awards  under  the  2006  Plan  or  our  2003  plan  or  1997  plans  that  are  subsequently  forfeited  or
terminated for any other reason before being exercised will again be available for grant under the 2016 Plan. As of March 31, 2024, there were 3,955,755
outstanding  options  and  RSUs  under  the  2016  Plan  and  252,847  ordinary  shares  remained  reserved  for  future  grants  under  the  2016  Plan.  Israeli
participants in the 2016 Plan may be granted options and/or restricted share units subject to Section 102 of the Ordinance. Section 102 of the Ordinance,
allows employees, directors and officers, who are not controlling shareholders and are considered Israeli residents to receive favorable tax treatment for
compensation  in  the  form  of  shares  or  options.  Our  non-employees  service  providers  and  controlling  shareholders  may  only  be  granted  options  under
another  section  of  the  Ordinance,  which  does  not  provide  for  similar  tax  benefits.  Section  102  includes  two  alternatives  for  tax  treatment  involving  the
issuance of options or shares to a trustee for the benefit of the grantees and also includes an additional alternative for the issuance of options or shares
directly to the grantee. The most favorable tax treatment for the grantees is under Section 102(b)(2) of the Ordinance, the issuance to a trustee under the
“capital gain track.” However, under this track we are not allowed to deduct an expense with respect to the issuance of the options or shares. Any share
options  granted  under  the  2016  Plan  to  participants  in  the  United  States  will  be  either  “incentive  share  options,”  which  may  be  eligible  for  special  tax
treatment  under  the  U.S.  Internal  Revenue  Code  of  1986,  or  options  other  than  incentive  share  options  (referred  to  as  “nonqualified  share  options”),  as
determined by our compensation and nominating committee and stated in the option agreement.

Our compensation and nominating committee administers the 2016 Plan and it selects which of our and our subsidiaries’ and affiliates’ eligible employees,
directors  and/or  consultants  receive  options,  RSUs  or  other  awards  under  the  2016  Plan  and  will  determine  the  terms  of  the  grant,  including,  exercise
prices, method of payment, vesting schedules, acceleration of vesting and the other matters necessary in the administration of the plan.

If we undergo a change of control, as defined in the 2016 Plan, subject to any contrary law or rule, or the terms of any award agreement in effect before the
change of control, (a) the compensation and nominating committee may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting, exercisability and payment, as applicable,
of outstanding options, RSUs and other awards; and (b) the compensation and nominating committee, in its discretion, may adjust outstanding awards by
substituting ordinary shares or other securities of any successor or another party to the change of control transaction, or cash out outstanding options, RSUs
and other awards, in any such case, generally based on the consideration received by our shareholders in the transaction.

72

 
 
 
 
ITEM 7: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

A. Major Shareholders

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our outstanding ordinary shares as of March 31, 2024,  by  each
person who we know beneficially owns 5.0% or more of the outstanding ordinary shares. Each of our shareholders has identical voting rights with respect
to its shares. All of the information with respect to beneficial ownership of the ordinary shares is given to the best of our knowledge.

Ordinary
Shares
Beneficially
Owned(1)

Percentage of
Ordinary
Shares
Beneficially
Owned

Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP (2)
Clal Insurance Enterprises Holdings Ltd. (3)
Outerbridge Capital Management, LLC (4)
__________________
(1) As used in this table, “beneficial ownership” means the sole or shared power to vote or direct the voting or to dispose or direct the disposition of any
security. For purposes of this table, a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner of securities that can be acquired within 60 days from March 31,
2024 through the exercise of any option or warrant. Ordinary shares subject to options or warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within
60  days  are  deemed  outstanding  for  computing  the  ownership  percentage  of  the  person  holding  such  options  or  warrants,  but  are  not  deemed
outstanding for computing the ownership percentage of any other person. The amounts and percentages are based upon 38,441,772 PFIC status is an
annual ordinary share outstanding as of March 31, 2024.

8,768,666     
2,739,043     
2,735,112     

22.8%
7.1%
7.1%

(2) Based on a Schedule 13D/A filed on November 11, 2023, Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP directly holds 8,768,666 of our ordinary shares. Cynthia Paul,
the Chief Investment Officer of Lynrock Lake LP (“Lynrock Lake”) and Sole Member of Lynrock Lake Partners LLC, the general partner of Lynrock
Lake, may be deemed to exercise voting and investment power over securities of the Issuer held by Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP.

(3) Based on a Schedule 13G/A filed on February 14, 2024, Clal Insurance Enterprises Holdings Ltd. (“Clal”) had shared voting and dispositive power
over 2,749,041 of our shares.  All of the 2,739,043 ordinary shares reported in this statement as beneficially owned by Clal are held for members of the
public through, among others, provident funds and/or pension funds and/or insurance policies, which are managed by subsidiaries of Clal.

(4) Based on a Schedule 13D/A filed on May 12, 2022, Outerbridge Capital Management, LLC (“Outerbridge”) had shared voting and dispositive power

over 2,735,112 ordinary shares. The address of Outerbridge is 767 Third Avenue, 11th Floor, New York, New York 10017.

Significant Changes in the Ownership of Major Shareholders

Based on a Schedule 13D/A filed on February 11, 2022 by Outerbridge, Outerbridge became the beneficial owner of 5% or more of our ordinary shares,
and is now the beneficial owner of 2,735,112, or 7.1% of our ordinary shares.

B. Record Holders

As of March 31, 2024, there were 16 record holders of ordinary shares, of which seven consisted of United States record holders holding approximately
99.5% of our outstanding ordinary shares. The actual number of shareholders is greater than this number of record holders, and includes shareholders who
are beneficial owners, but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. The United States record holders included Cede & Co., the
nominee of the Depositary Trust Company.

73

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
C. Related Party Transactions

Our policy is to enter into transactions with related parties on terms that, on the whole, are no less favorable, than those available from unaffiliated third
parties. Based on our experience in the business sectors in which we operate and the terms of our transactions with unaffiliated third parties, we believe that
all of the transactions described below met this policy standard at the time they occurred.

Agreements with Directors, Officers and Suppliers

Engagement of Officers. We have entered into employment agreements with each of our officers, who work for us as employees or as consultants. These
agreements  all  contain  provisions  standard  for  a  company  in  our  industry  regarding  noncompetition,  confidentiality  of  information  and  assignment  of
inventions. The enforceability of covenants not to compete in Israel may be limited. In connection with the engagement of our officers, we have granted
them options pursuant to our 2016 Plan.

Exculpation, Indemnification and Insurance. Our articles of association permit us to exculpate, indemnify and insure our office holders, in accordance with
the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Law.  We  have  entered  into  agreements  with  each  of  our  directors  and  certain  office  holders,  exculpating  them  from  a
breach of their duty of care to us to the fullest extent permitted by law and undertaking to indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted by law, to the
extent  that  these  liabilities  are  not  covered  by  insurance.  See  “ITEM  6:  Directors,  Senior  Management  and  Employees-Board  Practices-Exculpation,
Insurance and Indemnification of Office Holders.”

Engagement with Suppliers. We have entered into a service agreement with Galil Software Ltd. as a supplier. Galil Software Ltd. is owned by one of the
members of the board of directors of the Company. This service agreement was approved by the board of directors of the Company.

D. Interests of Experts and Counsel

Not applicable.

ITEM 8: Financial Information

A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information.

Consolidated Financial Statements

For our audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in
shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, please see pages F-5 to F-49 of this report.

Export Sales

See “ITEM 4: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” under the caption “Customers” for certain details of export sales for the last three fiscal
years.

Legal Proceedings

We may, from time to time in the future be involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are generally subject to many
uncertainties and outcomes are not predictable with assurance. We accrue for contingencies when the loss is probable and it can reasonably estimate the
amount  of  any  such  loss.  Except  as  set  forth  in  Note  11  to  our  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31,  2023  included
elsewhere  in  this  report,  we  are  currently  not  a  party  to  any  material  legal  or  administrative  proceedings  for  which  an  appropriate  accrual  has  not  been
made, and is not aware of any pending or threatened material legal or administrative proceedings against us.

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our ordinary shares and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the
future.  We  currently  intend  to  retain  all  future  earnings  to  finance  our  operations  and  to  expand  our  business.  Any  future  determination  relating  to  our
dividend  policy  will  be  made  at  the  discretion  of  our  board  of  directors  and  will  depend  on  a  number  of  factors,  including  future  earnings,  capital
requirements, financial condition and future prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.

B. Significant Changes

Since the date of our audited financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report, there have not been any significant changes in our financial
position.

ITEM 9: The Offer and Listing

Our ordinary shares have been quoted under the symbol “ALLT” on Nasdaq since November 16, 2006 and on the TASE since December 21, 2010.

As of March 31, 2024 the last reported sale price of our ordinary shares on Nasdaq was $2.26 per share and on the TASE was 8.7 ILS per share.

ITEM 10: Additional Information

A. Share Capital

Not applicable.

B. Memorandum and Articles of Association

Registration Number and Objectives

We are registered as a public company with the Israeli Registrar of Companies. Our registration number is 51-239477-6.

Our  objectives  under  our  memorandum  of  association  are  to  engage  in  the  business  of  computers,  hardware  and  software,  including  without  limitation
research and development, marketing, consulting and the selling of knowledge, and any other activity which our board of directors shall determine.

Ordinary Shares

Our authorized share capital consists of 200,000,000 ordinary shares, par value ILS 0.10 per share. As of March 31, 2024, we had 38,441,772  ordinary
shares  outstanding.  All  outstanding  ordinary  shares  are  validly  issued,  fully  paid  and  non-assessable.  The  rights  attached  to  the  ordinary  shares  are  as
follows:

Voting.  Holders  of  our  ordinary  shares  have  one  vote  for  each  ordinary  share  held  on  all  matters  submitted  to  a  vote  of  shareholders  at  a  shareholder
meeting. Shareholders may vote at shareholder meeting either in person, by proxy or by written ballot. Shareholder voting rights may be affected by the
grant of any special voting rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future.

Transfer  of  Shares.  Fully  paid  ordinary  shares  are  issued  in  registered  form  and  may  be  freely  transferred  under  our  articles  of  association  unless  the
transfer is restricted or prohibited by another instrument, Israeli law or the rules of a stock exchange on which the shares are traded.

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Election of Directors. Our ordinary shares do not have cumulative voting rights for the election of directors. Rather, under our articles of association our
directors are elected by the holders of a simple majority of our ordinary shares at a general shareholder meeting. As a result, the holders of our ordinary
shares that represent more than 50% of the voting power represented at a shareholder meeting have the power to elect any or all of our directors whose
positions are being filled at that meeting, subject to the special approval requirements for outside directors. See “ITEM 6: Directors, Senior Management
and Employees-Board Practices-Outside Directors.”

Dividend and Liquidation Rights. Under the Companies Law, shareholder approval is not required for the declaration of a dividend, unless the company’s
articles of association provide otherwise. Our articles of association provide that our board of directors may declare and distribute a dividend to be paid to
the holders of ordinary shares without shareholder approval in proportion to the paid up capital attributable to the shares that they hold. Dividends may be
paid only out of profits legally available for distribution, as defined in the Companies Law, provided that there is no reasonable concern that the payment of
a  dividend  will  prevent  us  from  satisfying  our  existing  and  foreseeable  obligations  as  they  become  due.  If  we  do  not  have  profits  legally  available  for
distribution, we may seek the approval of the court to distribute a dividend. The court may approve our request if it is convinced that there is no reasonable
concern that a payment of a dividend will prevent us from satisfying our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due.

In the event of our liquidation, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, our assets will be distributed to the holders of ordinary shares in proportion to the
paid up capital attributable to the shares that they hold. Dividend and liquidation rights may be affected by the grant of preferential dividend or distribution
rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future.

Shareholder Meetings

We are required to convene an annual general meeting of our shareholders once every calendar year within a period of not more than 15 months following
the preceding annual general meeting. Our board of directors may convene a special general meeting of our shareholders and is required to do so at the
request of two directors or one quarter of the members of our board of directors or, as we are a Nasdaq-listed company at the request of one or more holders
of 10% or more of our share capital and 1% of our voting power or the holder or holders of 10% or more of our voting power. All shareholder meetings
require prior notice of at least 21 days. The chairperson of our board of directors, or any other person appointed by the board of directors, presides over our
general meetings. In the absence of the chairperson of the board of directors or such other person, one of the members of the board designated by a majority
of  the  directors  presides  over  the  meeting.  If  no  director  is  designated  to  preside  as  chairperson,  then  the  shareholders  present  will  choose  one  of  the
shareholders present to be chairperson. Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law and the regulations promulgated thereunder, shareholders entitled
to participate and vote at general meetings are the shareholders of record on a date to be decided by the board of directors, which, as we are a Nasdaq-listed
company, may be between four and 60 days prior to the date of the meeting.

Quorum

The  quorum  required  for  a  meeting  of  shareholders  consists  of  at  least  two  shareholders  present  in  person,  by  proxy  or  by  written  ballot,  who  hold  or
represent  between  them  at  least  25%  of  our  voting  power.  A  meeting  adjourned  for  lack  of  a  quorum  generally  is  adjourned  to  the  same  day  in  the
following week at the same time and place or any time and place as the directors designate in a notice to the shareholders. At the reconvened meeting, the
required quorum consists of at least two shareholders present, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, who hold or represent between them at least 10% of
our voting power, provided that if the meeting was initially called pursuant to a request by our shareholders, then the quorum required must include at least
the number of shareholders entitled to call the meeting. See “-Shareholder Meetings.”

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Resolutions

An  ordinary  resolution  requires  approval  by  the  holders  of  a  simple  majority  of  the  voting  rights  represented  at  the  meeting,  in  person,  by  proxy  or  by
written ballot, and voting on the resolution.

Under the Companies Law, unless otherwise provided in the articles of association or applicable law, all resolutions of the shareholders require a simple
majority. A resolution for the voluntary winding up of the company requires the approval by holders of at least 75% of the voting rights represented at the
meeting, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, and voting on the resolution. Under our articles of association (1) certain shareholders’ resolutions require
the approval of a special majority of the holders of at least 75% of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, and
voting  on  the  resolution,  and  (2)  certain  shareholders’  resolutions  require  the  approval  of  a  special  majority  of  the  holders  of  at  least  two-thirds  of  the
voting securities of the company then outstanding.

Access to Corporate Records

Under the Companies Law, all shareholders generally have the right to review minutes of our general meetings, our shareholder register, including with
respect to material shareholders, our articles of association, our financial statements and any document we are required by law to file publicly with the
Israeli Companies Registrar. Any shareholder who specifies the purpose of its request may request to review any document in our possession that relates to
any action or transaction with a related party which requires shareholder approval under the Companies Law. We may deny a request to review a document
if we determine that the request was not made in good faith, that the document contains a commercial secret or a patent or that the document’s disclosure
may otherwise impair our interests.

Fiduciary Duties and Approval of Specified Related Party Transactions Under Israeli Law

Fiduciary duties of office holders

The Companies Law imposes a duty of care and a duty of loyalty on all office holders of a company.

The  duty  of  care  of  an  office  holder  requires  an  office  holder  to  act  with  the  degree  of  proficiency  with  which  a  reasonable  office  holder  in  the  same
position would have acted under the same circumstances. The duty of care includes, among other things, a duty to use reasonable means, in light of the
circumstances, to obtain certain information pertaining to the proposed action before the board of directors.

The duty of loyalty incumbent on an office holder requires him or her to act in good faith and for the benefit of the company, and includes, among other
things, the duty to avoid conflicts of interest with the company, to refrain from competing with the company, and to disclose to the company information
disclosed to him or her as a result of being an office holder.

We may approve an act specified above which would otherwise constitute a breach of the office holder’s duty of loyalty, provided that the office holder
acted in good faith, the act or its approval does not harm the company, and the office holder discloses his or her personal interest a sufficient time before the
approval of such act. Any such approval is subject to the terms of the Companies Law, setting forth, among other things, the organs of the company entitled
to provide such approval, and the methods of obtaining such approval.

Disclosure of personal interests of an office holder and approval of acts and transactions

The Companies Law requires that an office holder promptly disclose to the company any personal interest that he or she may have relating to any existing
or proposed transaction by the company (as well as certain information or documents). Once an office holder has disclosed his or her personal interest in a
transaction, the approval of the appropriate organ(s) in the company is required in order to effect the transaction. However, a company may approve such a
transaction or action only if it is in the best interests of the Company.

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Disclosure of personal interests of a controlling shareholder and approval of transactions

Under the Companies Law, a controlling shareholder must also disclose any personal interest it may have in an existing or proposed transaction by the
company. Transactions with controlling shareholders that are material, that are not in the ordinary course of business or that are not on market terms require
approval  by  the  audit  committee,  the  board  of  directors  and  the  shareholders  of  the  company,  and  the  Companies  Law  provides  for  certain  quantitative
requirements in respect of the voting of shareholders not having a personal interest in the applicable transaction.

Duties of shareholders

Under the Companies Law, a shareholder has a duty to refrain from abusing its power, to act in good faith and to act in an acceptable manner in exercising
its  rights  and  performing  its  obligations  to  the  company  and  other  shareholders.  A  shareholder  also  has  a  general  duty  to  refrain  from  acting  to  the
detriment of other shareholders.

In  addition,  any  controlling  shareholder  or  any  shareholder  having  specific  power  with  respect  to  a  company  (the  power  to  appoint  an  office  holder,  or
specific influence over a certain vote) is under a duty to act with fairness towards the company. The Companies Law does not describe the substance of this
duty except to state that the remedies generally available upon a breach of contract will also apply in the event of a breach of the duty to act with fairness,
taking the shareholder’s position in the company into account.

Approval of private placements

Under the Companies Law and the regulations promulgated thereunder, certain private placements of securities may require approval at a general meeting
of the shareholders of a company. These include, for example, certain private placements completed in lieu of a special tender offer (See “Memorandum
and  Articles  of  Association-Acquisition  under  Israeli  law”)  or  a  private  placement  which  qualifies  as  a  related  party  transaction  (See  “Corporate
governance practices-Fiduciary duties and approval of specified related party transactions under Israeli law”).

Acquisitions under Israeli Law

Full Tender Offer. A person wishing to acquire shares of a public Israeli company and who would as a result hold over 90% of the target company’s issued
and outstanding share capital is required by the Companies Law to make a tender offer for the purchase of all of the issued and outstanding shares of the
company. If the shareholders who do not accept the offer hold less than 5% of the issued and outstanding share capital of the company, and more than half
of the offerees who do not have a personal interest in the tender offer accept the tender offer, all of the shares that the acquirer offered to purchase will be
transferred to the acquirer by operation of law. Notwithstanding the above, if the shareholders who do not accept the offer hold less than 2% of the issued
and outstanding share capital of the company or of the applicable class, the offer will nonetheless be accepted. However, a shareholder that had its shares so
transferred may, within six months from the date of acceptance of the tender offer, petition the court to determine that the tender offer was for less than fair
value and that the fair value should be paid as determined by the court. The bidder may provide in its tender offer that any accepting shareholder may not
petition the court for fair value, but such condition will not be valid unless all of the information required under the Companies Law was provided prior to
the acceptance date. The description above regarding a full tender offer also applies, with certain limitations, when a full tender offer for the purchase of all
of the company’s securities is accepted.

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Special Tender Offer. The Companies Law provides, subject to certain exceptions, that an acquisition of shares of a public Israeli company must be made
by  means  of  a  “special  tender  offer”  if,  as  a  result  of  the  acquisition,  the  purchaser  would  become  a  holder  of  at  least  25%  of  the  voting  rights  in  the
company. This rule does not apply if there is already another holder of at least 25% of the voting rights in the company. Similarly, the Companies Law
provides that an acquisition of shares in a public company must be made by means of a tender offer if, as a result of the acquisition, the purchaser would
become a holder of more than 45% of the voting rights in the company, and there is no other shareholder of the company who holds more than 45% of the
voting rights in the company. The special tender offer may be consummated subject to certain majority requirements set forth in the Companies Law, and
provided further that at least 5% of the voting rights attached to the company’s outstanding shares will be acquired by the party making the offer.

Merger.  The  Companies  Law  permits  merger  transactions  between  two  Israeli  companies  if  approved  by  each  party’s  board  of  directors  and  a  certain
percentage of each party’s shareholders. Following the approval of the board of directors of each of the merging companies, the boards must jointly prepare
a merger proposal for submission to the Israeli Registrar of Companies.

Under the Companies Law, if the approval of a general meeting of the shareholders is required, merger transactions may be approved by the holders of a
simple majority of our shares present, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, at a general meeting of the shareholders and voting on the transaction. In
determining  whether  the  required  majority  has  approved  the  merger,  if  shares  of  the  company  are  held  by  the  other  party  to  the  merger,  by  any  person
holding at least 25% of the voting rights, or 25% of the means of appointing directors or the general manager of the other party to the merger, then a vote
against the merger by holders of the majority of the shares present and voting, excluding shares held by the other party or by such person, or any person or
entity acting on behalf of, related to or controlled by either of them, is sufficient to reject the merger transaction. In certain circumstances, a court may still
approve the merger upon the request of holders of at least 25% of the voting rights of a company, if the court holds that the merger is fair and reasonable,
taking into account the value of the parties to the merger and the consideration offered to the shareholders.

The Companies Law provides for certain requirements and procedures that each of the merging companies is to fulfill. In addition, a merger may not be
completed unless at least fifty days have passed from the date that a proposal for approval of the merger was filed with the Israeli Registrar of Companies
and thirty days from the date that shareholder approval of both merging companies was obtained.

Anti-Takeover Measures

Undesignated preferred shares. The Companies Law allows us to create and issue shares having rights different from those attached to our ordinary shares,
including shares providing certain preferred or additional rights with respect to voting, distributions or other matters and shares having preemptive rights.
We do not have any authorized or issued shares other than ordinary shares. In the future, if we do create and issue a class of shares other than ordinary
shares,  such  class  of  shares,  depending  on  the  specific  rights  that  may  be  attached  to  them,  may  delay  or  prevent  a  takeover  or  otherwise  prevent  our
shareholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their ordinary shares. The authorization of a new class of shares will require an
amendment to our articles of association which requires the prior approval of a simple majority of our shares represented and voted at a general meeting. In
addition, we undertook towards the TASE that, as long as our shares are registered for trading with the TASE we will not issue or authorize shares of any
class other than the class currently registered with the TASE, unless such issuance is in accordance with certain provisions of the Israeli Securities Law
determining that a company registering its shares for trade on the TASE may not have more than one class of shares for a period of one year following
registration with the TASE, and following such period the company is permitted to issue preferred shares if the preference of those shares is limited to a
preference in the distribution of dividends and the preferred shares have no voting rights.

Supermajority voting. Our articles of association require the approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of our combined voting power to effect certain
amendments to our articles of association.

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Classified  board  of  directors.  Our  articles  of  association  provide  for  a  classified  board  of  directors.  See  “ITEM  6:  Directors,  Senior  Management  and
Employees-Board Practices-Term of Directors.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our ordinary shares is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. Its address is 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New
York 11219, and its telephone number is (800) 937-5449.

C. Material Contracts

We have not been party to any material contracts within the two years prior to the date of this annual report, other than contracts entered into in the ordinary
course of business, or as otherwise described below in this ITEM 10.C.

Material Contract
Non-Stabilized Lease Agreement

  Location
  “ITEM 4: Information on Allot - D. Property, Plant and Equipment”

D. Exchange Controls

In 1998, Israeli currency control regulations were liberalized significantly, so that Israeli residents generally may freely deal in foreign currency and foreign
assets, and non-residents may freely deal in Israeli currency and Israeli assets. There are currently no Israeli currency control restrictions on remittances of
dividends on the ordinary shares or the proceeds from the sale of the shares provided that all taxes were paid or withheld; however, legislation remains in
effect pursuant to which currency controls can be imposed by administrative action at any time.

Non-residents of Israel may freely hold and trade our securities. Neither our memorandum of association nor our articles of association nor the laws of the
State  of  Israel  restrict  in  any  way  the  ownership  or  voting  of  ordinary  shares  by  non-residents,  except  that  such  restrictions  may  exist  with  respect  to
citizens of countries which are in a state of war with Israel. Israeli residents are allowed to purchase our ordinary shares.

E. Taxation

Israeli Tax Considerations and Government Programs

The following is a general discussion only and is not exhaustive of all possible tax considerations. It is not intended, and should not be construed, as legal
or professional tax advice and should not be relied upon for tax planning purposes. In addition, this discussion does not address all of the tax consequences
that may be relevant to purchasers of our ordinary shares in light of their particular circumstances, or certain types of purchasers of our ordinary shares
subject to special tax treatment. Examples of this kind of investor include residents of Israel and traders in securities who are subject to special tax regimes
not  covered  in  this  discussion.  Each  individual/entity  should  consult  its  own  tax  or  legal  advisor  as  to  the  Israeli  tax  consequences  of  the  purchase,
ownership and disposition of our ordinary shares.

To the extent that part of the discussion is based on new tax legislation, which has not been subject to judicial or administrative interpretation, we cannot
assure that the tax authorities or the courts will accept the views expressed in this section.

The following summary describes the current tax structure applicable to companies in Israel, with special reference to its effect on us. The following also
contains a discussion of the material Israeli tax consequences to holders of our ordinary shares.

80

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General Corporate Tax Structure in Israel

Israeli companies are generally subject to corporate tax rate of 23%. However, the effective tax rate payable by a company that derives income from an
Approved  Enterprise,  a  Benefited  Enterprise,  a  Preferred  Enterprise  or  a  Technological  Preferred  Enterprise  (as  discussed  below)  may  be  considerably
lower. Capital gains derived by an Israeli company are generally subject to the prevailing corporate tax rate.

Tax Benefits and Grants for Research and Development

Israeli tax law allows, under certain conditions, a tax deduction for expenditures, including capital expenditures, for the year in which they are incurred.
Expenditures are deemed related to scientific research and development projects, if:

•

•

•

The expenditures are approved by the relevant Israeli government ministry, determined by the field of research;

The research and development must be for the promotion of the company; and

The research and development is carried out by or on behalf of the company seeking such tax deduction.

The amount of such deductible expenses is reduced by the sum of any funds received through government grants for the finance of such scientific research
and  development  projects.  No  deduction  under  these  research  and  development  deduction  rules  is  allowed  if  such  deduction  is  related  to  an  expense
invested  in  an  asset  depreciable  under  the  general  depreciation  rules  of  the  Ordinance.  Expenditures  for  research  and  development  not  approved  are
deductible in equal amounts over three years, according to the Ordinance.

From time to time, we may apply the Israel Innovation Authority for approval to allow a tax deduction for all research and development expenses during
the year incurred. There can be no assurance that such application will be accepted.

Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969

The  Law  for  the  Encouragement  of  Industry  (Taxes),  1969,  generally  referred  to  as  the  Industry  Encouragement  Law,  provides  several  tax  benefits  for
industrial  companies.  We  believe  that  we  currently  qualify  as  an  “Industrial  Company”  within  the  meaning  of  the  Industry  Encouragement  Law.  The
Industry Encouragement Law defines “Industrial Company” as a company resident in Israel, of which 90% or more of its income in any tax year, other than
of income from certain government loans, from an “Industrial Enterprise which is located in Israel” owned by it. An “Industrial Enterprise” is defined as an
enterprise whose major activity in a given tax year is industrial production activity.

The following corporate tax benefits, among others, are available to Industrial Companies:

•

•

•

Amortization of the cost of purchased know-how and patents and of rights to use a patent and know-how which are used for the development or
advancement of the company, over an eight-year period;

Under specified conditions, an election to file consolidated tax returns with additional related Israeli Industrial Companies; and

Expenses related to a public offering in Israel and in recognized stock markets, are deductible in equal amounts over three years.

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Under certain tax laws and regulations, an “Industrial Enterprise” may be eligible for special depreciation rates for machinery, equipment and buildings.
These rates differ based on various factors, including the date the operations begin and the number of work shifts. An “Industrial Company” owning an
approved enterprise may choose between these special depreciation rates and the depreciation rates available to the approved enterprise.

Eligibility for the benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not subject to receipt of prior approval from any governmental authority. We can give
no assurance that we qualify or will continue to qualify as an “Industrial Company” or that the benefits described above will be available in the future.

Tax Benefits under the Law for Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959

Tax Benefits Prior to the 2005 Amendment

The Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, as amended, generally referred to as the Investments Law, provides that a proposed capital
investment  in  eligible  facilities  may,  upon  application  to  the  Investment  Center  of  the  Ministry  of  Industry  and  Commerce  of  the  State  of  Israel,  be
designated as an “Approved Enterprise.”

The Investments Law provides that an approved enterprise is eligible for tax benefits on taxable income derived from its approved enterprise programs. The
tax benefits under the Investments Law also apply to income generated by a company from the grant of a usage right with respect to know-how developed
by  the  Approved  Enterprise,  income  generated  from  royalties,  and  income  derived  from  a  service  which  is  auxiliary  to  such  usage  right  or  royalties,
provided that such income is generated within the Approved Enterprise’s ordinary course of business. The tax benefits under the Investments Law are not,
generally, available with respect to income derived from products manufactured outside of Israel. In addition, the tax benefits available to an Approved
Enterprise  are  contingent  upon  the  fulfillment  of  conditions  stipulated  in  the  Investments  Law  and  regulations  and  the  criteria  set  forth  in  the  specific
certificate of approval, as described above. In the event that a company does not meet these conditions, it would be required to refund the amount of tax
benefits, plus a consumer price index linkage adjustment and interest.

Should a company derive income from sources other than the Approved Enterprise during the relevant period of benefits, such income is taxable at the
regular corporate tax rates.

A company may elect to receive an alternative package of benefits. Under the alternative package of benefits, a company’s undistributed income derived
from the Approved Enterprise will be exempt from corporate tax for a period of between two and ten years from the first year the company derives taxable
income under the program, after the commencement of production, depending on the geographic location of the Approved Enterprise within Israel, and
such company will be eligible for a reduced tax rate for the remainder of the benefits period. Under certain circumstances (as detailed below regarding
Foreign Investment Companies), the benefit period may extend to a maximum of ten years from the commencement of the benefit period.

A  company  that  has  elected  the  alternative  track  of  benefits,  such  as  us,  that  subsequently  pays  a  dividend  out  of  income  derived  from  the  approved
enterprise(s)  during  the  tax  exemption  period  will  be  subject  to  corporate  tax  in  the  year  the  dividend  is  distributed  in  respect  of  the  gross  amount
distributed, at the rate which would have been applicable had the company not elected the alternative track of benefits, (generally 10%-25%, depending on
the percentage of the company’s ordinary shares held by foreign shareholders). The dividend recipient is subject to withholding tax at the reduced rate of
15% applicable to dividends from approved enterprises if the dividend is distributed during the tax exemption period or within twelve years thereafter. In
the event, however, that the company qualifies as a foreign investors’ company, there is no such time limitation.

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Investors’ Company (“FIC”)

A company that has an Approved Enterprise program is eligible for further tax benefits if it qualifies as a foreign investors’ company. A foreign investors’
company is a company of which, among other criteria, more than 25% of its share capital and combined share and loan capital is owned by non-Israeli
residents.  A  company  that  qualifies  as  a  foreign  investors’  company  and  has  an  approved  enterprise  program  is  eligible  for  tax  benefits  for  a  ten-year
benefit period.

Subject  to  applicable  provisions  concerning  income  under  the  alternative  package  of  benefits,  dividends  paid  by  a  company  are  considered  to  be
attributable to income received from the entire company and the company’s effective tax rate is the result of a weighted average of the various applicable
tax rates, excluding any tax-exempt income. Under the Investments Law, with the exception of amendment 74, a company that has elected the alternative
track of benefits is not obliged to distribute retained profits, and may generally decide from which year’s profits to declare dividends.

In 1998, the production facilities of the Company related to its computational technologies were granted the status of an “Approved Enterprise” under the
Law. In 2004, an expansion program was granted the status of “Approved Enterprise.” According to the provisions of the Law, the Company has elected
the alternative track of benefits and has waived Government grants in return for tax benefits.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  has  not  yet  realized  the  benefits  under  the  “Approved  Enterprise”  program.  We  believe  that  we  met  the
aforementioned conditions.

Tax Benefits under the 2005 Amendment

An amendment to the Investments Law, generally referred as the 2005 Amendment, effective as of April 1, 2005 has significantly changed the provisions
of the Investments Law. The amendment includes revisions to the criteria for investments qualified to receive tax benefits as an Approved Enterprise.

The 2005 Amendment simplifies the approval process for the approved enterprise. According to the 2005 Amendment, only approved enterprises receiving
cash grants require the approval of the Investment Center.

A program receiving benefits under the 2005 Amendment is referred to as the Benefited Enterprise.

The duration of tax benefits is subject to a limitation of the earlier of seven to ten years from the Commencement Year, or twelve years from the first day of
the Year of Election. We elected the year of 2009 as “year of election” under the Investments Law after the 2005 Amendment. The benefit period under this
year of election has ended on December 31, 2020.

We believe that a portion of taxable operating income that we may realize in the future will be eligible to benefits under the Investments Law.

As of December 31, 2023, we did not generate exempt income under the provisions of the Investments Law.

Trapped Earning

Following amendment 74 to the Investment Law as part of the Law for Economic Efficiency (Legislative Amendments for Attaining the Budget Goals for
Fiscal Years 2021 and 2022), which was enacted in November, 2021, any dividends distributed, or deemed as distributed under the Investment Law after
August 15, 2021 by a company which earned exempt income under the Approved or Benefited Enterprise regimes (Trapped Earnings) which it did not elect
to release under the terms of amendment 74, will be allocated pro-rata between exempt income and other sources and taxed accordingly. In addition, the
corporate income tax claw-back will apply upon any dividend distribution, as long as the company has Trapped Earnings.

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax Benefits under the 2011 Amendment

As of January 1, 2011, new legislation amending the Investments Law came into effect (the “2011 Amendment”). The 2011 Amendment introduced a new
status of “Preferred Company” and “Preferred Enterprise.” replacing the then existing status of “Benefited Company” and “Benefited Enterprise.” Similar
to  a  “Benefited  Company,”  a  Preferred  Company  is  an  industrial  company  owning  a  Preferred  Enterprise  which  meets  certain  conditions  (including  a
minimum threshold of 25% export). However, under this legislation the requirement for a minimum investment in productive assets was cancelled.

Under the 2011 Amendment, a uniform corporate tax rate applies to all qualifying income of the Preferred Company, as opposed to the former law, which
was limited to income from the Approved Enterprises and Benefited Enterprise during the benefits period. As of the 2017 tax year the corporate tax rate for
preferred taxable income is 7.5% in areas in Israel designated as Development Zone A and 16% elsewhere in Israel.

A  dividend  distributed  from  income  which  is  attributed  to  a  Preferred  Enterprise  will  be  subject  to  withholding  tax  at  source  at  the  following  rates:  (i)
Israeli resident corporation -0%, (ii) Israeli resident individual - 20% in 2014 and onwards (iii) non-Israeli resident - 20% in 2014 and onwards, subject to a
reduced tax rate under the provisions of an applicable double tax treaty.

The provisions of the 2011 Amendment also provided transitional provisions to address companies already enjoying current benefits. Under the transition
provisions  of  the  new  legislation,  a  company  may  decide  to  irrevocably  implement  the  2011  Amendment  while  waiving  benefits  provided  under  the
Investments Law prior to the 2011 Amendment; or to remain subject to the Investments Law prior to the 2011 Amendment. We have examined the possible
effect, if any, of these provisions of the 2011 Amendment on our financial statements and have decided, at this time, not to opt to apply the new benefits
under the 2011 Amendment.

Tax Benefits under the 2016 Amendment

In December 2016, new legislation amended the Investments Law, effective as of the 2017 tax year (the “2016 Amendment”). Under the 2016 Amendment
a new status of “Technological Preferred Enterprise” was introduced to the Investments Law.

Under the 2016 Amendment, two new tracks are available:

•

•

Technological Preferred Enterprise - an enterprise which is part of a consolidated group with consolidated annual revenues of less than ILS 10
billion. A Technological Preferred Enterprise which is located in areas other than Development Zone A will be subject to tax at a rate of 12% on
profits derived from intellectual property, and a Technological Preferred Enterprise in Development Zone A will be subject to tax at a rate of 7.5%;
and

Special Technological Preferred Enterprise - an enterprise which is part of a consolidated group with consolidated annual revenues exceeding ILS
10  billion.  Such  an  enterprise  will  be  subject  to  tax  at  a  rate  of  6%  on  profits  derived  from  intellectual  property  regardless  of  the  enterprise’s
geographical location.

Any dividends distributed to foreign companies, as defined in the Investments Law, derived from income from the Technological Preferred Enterprise will
be subject to tax at a rate of 20% (with an exemption from such withholding tax applying to dividends paid to an Israeli company), or a lower rate of 4% in
case 90% or more of the Preferred Technological Enterprise’s shares are held by foreign corporations. The above rates may be reduced by an applicable
double tax treaty, subject to the receipt in advance of a valid certificate from the Israel Tax Authority allowing for a reduced tax rate.

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We have examined the possible effect, if any, of these provisions of the 2016 Amendment on our financial statements and have decided, at this time, not to
opt to apply the new benefits under the 2016 Amendment.

Special Provisions Relating to Israeli Tax Reporting in United States Dollars

Under the Income Tax (Inflationary Adjustments) Law, 1985, results for tax purposes are measured in real terms, in accordance with the changes in the
Israeli  Consumer  Price  Index  (“Israeli  CPI”).  Accordingly,  until  2011,  results  for  tax  purposes  were  measured  in  terms  of  earnings  in  ILS  after  certain
adjustments for increases in the Israeli CPI. Commencing in the taxable year 2012, we have elected to measure our taxable income and file our tax return in
United  States  Dollars,  under  the  Israeli  Income  Tax  Regulations  (Principles  Regarding  the  Management  of  Books  of  Account  of  Foreign  Invested
Companies and Certain Partnerships and the Determination of Their Taxable Income), 1986.

Capital Gains Tax on Sales of Our Ordinary Shares

Israeli law generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of any capital assets by residents of Israel, as defined for Israeli tax purposes, and on the sale of
assets located in Israel, including shares in Israeli companies, by both residents and non-residents of Israel, unless a specific exemption is available or a tax
treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence provides otherwise. The law distinguishes between real gain and inflationary surplus. The
inflationary surplus is a portion of the total capital gain which is equivalent to the increase of the relevant asset’s purchase price which is attributable to the
increase in the Israeli consumer price index or, in certain circumstances, a foreign currency exchange rate, between the date of purchase and the date of
sale. The real gain is the excess of the total capital gain over the inflationary surplus.

The tax rate applicable to capital gains derived from the sale of shares, whether listed on a stock market or not, is 25% for Israeli individuals, unless such
shareholder  claims  a  deduction  for  financing  expenses  in  connection  with  such  shares,  in  which  case  the  gain  is  generally  taxed  at  a  rate  of  30%.
Additionally, if such shareholder is considered a “material shareholder” at any time during the 12-month period preceding such sale, i.e., such shareholder
holds directly or indirectly, including with others, at least 10% of any means of control in a company, the tax rate is 30%. Israeli companies are subject to
the Corporate Tax rate on capital gains derived from the sale of shares. However, the foregoing tax rates do not apply to: (i) dealers in securities; and (ii)
shareholders who acquired their shares prior to an initial public offering (that may be subject to a different tax arrangement).

Individuals  who  are  subject  to  tax  in  Israel  are  also  subject  to  an  additional  tax  at  a  rate  of  3%  on  annual  income  exceeding  a  certain  threshold  (NIS
698,280 and NIS 721,560 for 2023 and 2024 respectively linked to the annual change in the Israeli Consumer Price Index), including, but not limited to
income derived from, dividends, interest and capital gains.

Non-Israeli  residents  are  exempt  from  Israeli  capital  gains  tax  on  any  gains  derived  from  the  sale  of  shares  of  Israeli  companies  publicly  traded  on  a
recognized stock exchange or regulated market outside of Israel, provided that such capital gains are not derived from a permanent establishment in Israel,
and the shareholders did not acquire their shares prior to an initial public offering. However, non-Israeli corporations will not be entitled to such exemption
if Israeli residents (i) have a controlling interest of more than 25% in such non-Israeli corporation, or (ii) are the beneficiaries or are entitled to 25% or more
of the revenues or profits of such non-Israeli corporation, whether directly or indirectly.

In some instances where our shareholders may be liable to Israeli tax on the sale of their ordinary shares, the payment of the consideration may be subject
to the withholding of Israeli tax at the source.

85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the Convention between the government of the United States and the government of Israel with respect to taxes on income, as amended (the
“U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty”), the sale, exchange or disposition of ordinary shares by a person who (i) holds the ordinary shares as a capital asset, (ii) qualifies
as a resident of the United States within the meaning of the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty and (iii) is entitled to claim the benefits afforded to such person by the
U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty, generally, will not be subject to the Israeli capital gains tax. Such exemption will not apply if (i) the capital gain arising from such
sale, exchange or disposition is attributed to real estate located in Israel, (ii) the capital gain arising from such sale, exchange or disposition is attributed to
royalties, (iii) such U.S. resident holds, directly or indirectly, shares representing 10% or more of our voting power during any part of the 12-month period
preceding such sale, exchange or disposition, subject to certain conditions, (iv) the capital gains from such sale, exchange or disposition can be allocated to
a permanent establishment in Israel, or (v) such U.S. resident is an individual and was present in Israel for 183 days or more during the relevant taxable
year. In such case, the sale, exchange or disposition of ordinary shares would be subject to Israeli tax, to the extent applicable; however, under the U.S.-
Israel Tax Treaty, such U.S. resident would be permitted to claim a credit for such taxes against the U.S. federal income tax imposed with respect to such
sale, exchange or disposition, subject to the limitations in U.S. laws applicable to foreign tax credits. The U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty does not relate to U.S. state
or local taxes.

Taxation of Dividends paid to Non-Resident Holders of Shares

Non-residents of Israel are subject to income tax on income accrued or derived from sources in Israel. Such sources of income include passive income such
as  dividends.  On  distributions  of  dividends  other  than  bonus  shares,  or  stock  dividends,  income  tax  is  applicable  at  the  rate  of  25%,  or  30%  for  a
shareholder that is considered a “material shareholder” at any time during the 12-month period preceding such distribution, which tax will be withheld at
source,  unless  a  different  rate  is  provided  in  a  treaty  between  Israel  and  the  shareholder’s  country  of  residence.  However,  under  the  Investments  Law,
dividends  generated  by  an  Approved  Enterprise,  Benefited  Enterprise,  Preferred  Enterprise  or  Technological  Preferred  Enterprise  may  be  are  taxed  at  a
different rate as discussed above.

Under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty, the maximum tax on dividends paid to a holder of ordinary shares that is a Treaty U.S. Resident is 25%. However, if the
income out of which the dividend is paid is not generated by an Approved Enterprise, Benefited Enterprise, Preferred Enterprise or Technological Preferred
Enterprise, and not more than 25% of our gross income consists of interest or dividends (and certain other conditions are met), dividends paid to a U.S.
corporation holding at least 10% of our issued voting power during the part of the tax year which precedes the date of payment of the dividend and during
the whole of its prior tax year are generally taxed at a rate of 12.5%. If the aforementioned conditions are met and the income out of which the dividend is
paid  is  generated  by  an  Approved  Enterprise,  Benefited  Enterprise,  Preferred  Enterprise  or  Technological  Preferred  Enterprise,  then  the  tax  rate  will  be
15%.  If  the  dividend  is  partly  attributable  to  income  derived  from  an  Approved  Enterprise,  Benefited  Enterprise,  Preferred  Enterprise  or  Technological
Preferred Enterprise, and partly to other sources of income, the withholding rate will be a blended rate reflecting the relative portions of the two types of
income. We cannot assure you that we will designate the profits that we may distribute in a way that will reduce shareholders’ tax liability.

United States Federal Income Taxation

The  following  is  a  description  of  the  material  United  States  federal  income  tax  consequences  to  U.S.  Holders  (defined  below)  of  the  ownership  and
disposition  of  our  ordinary  shares,  but  does  not  purport  to  be  a  comprehensive  discussion  of  all  tax  considerations  that  may  be  relevant  to  a  particular
person’s decision to acquire our ordinary shares. This description addresses only the United States federal income tax considerations of holders that hold
such ordinary shares as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This description does not address tax considerations applicable to holders that
may be subject to special tax rules, including:

•

•

•

•

financial institutions or insurance companies;

real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies or grantor trusts;

dealers or traders in securities or currencies;

tax-exempt entities;

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;

persons that will hold our shares through a partnership or other pass-through entity or arrangement;

persons that received our shares as compensation for the performance of services;

persons that will hold our shares as part of a “hedging,” “conversion,” “wash sale,” or other integrated transaction or as a position in a “straddle”
for United States federal income tax purposes;

persons whose “functional currency” for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not the United States dollar;

persons owning ordinary shares in connection with a trade or business conducted outside the United States;

certain U.S. expatriates;

persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to our ordinary shares being taken into account
in an applicable financial statement; or

holders that own directly, indirectly or through attribution 10.0% or more of the voting power or value of our shares.

Moreover, this description does not address any U.S. state, local or non-U.S. tax law, the Medicare tax on net investment income, the United States federal
estate and gift or alternative minimum tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our ordinary shares, and, except as expressly described herein,
this description does not address the U.S. federal income tax consequences that may apply to U.S. Holders under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty.

This description is based on the Code, existing, proposed and temporary United States Treasury Regulations and judicial and administrative interpretations
thereof, in each case as in effect and available on the date hereof. All of the foregoing are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and
could affect the tax consequences described below.

For purposes of this description, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our ordinary shares that, for United States federal income tax purposes, is:

•

•

•

•

a citizen or individual resident of the United States;

corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United
States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

a trust if such trust has validly elected to be treated as a United States person for United States federal income tax purposes or if (1) a court within
the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and (2) one or more United States persons have the authority to
control all of the substantial decisions of such trust.

If a partnership (or any other entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) holds our ordinary shares, the tax
treatment  of  a  partner  in  such  partnership  will  generally  depend  on  the  status  of  the  partner  and  the  activities  of  the  partnership.  Such  a  partner  or
partnership should consult its tax advisor as to its tax consequences.

You should consult your tax advisor with respect to the United States federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of owning and disposing of
our ordinary shares.

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributions

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” for United States federal income tax purposes, the gross
amount of any distribution made to you, with respect to our ordinary shares before reduction of any Israeli taxes withheld therefrom, other than certain
distributions, if any, of our ordinary shares distributed pro rata to all our shareholders, will be includible in your income as dividend income to the extent
such distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined under United States federal income tax principles. Subject to
the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” to the extent, if any, that the amount of any distribution by us exceeds
our current and accumulated earnings and profits as determined under United States federal income tax principles, it will be treated first as a tax-free return
of your adjusted tax basis in our ordinary shares and thereafter as capital gain. We do not expect to maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under
United States federal income tax principles and, therefore, if you are a U.S. Holder you should expect that the entire amount of any distribution generally
will be reported as dividend income to you.

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” dividends paid to non-corporate U.S. Holders will be taxed
at the lower capital gains rate applicable to “qualified dividend income,” provided that (i) we are eligible for the benefits of the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty, (ii)
we are not a PFIC (as discussed below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”) for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid and
the preceding taxable year, and (iii) certain holding period and other requirements are met. However, such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends
received deduction generally allowed to corporate U.S. Holders.

If you are a U.S. Holder, dividends paid to you with respect to your ordinary shares will be treated as foreign source income, which may be relevant in
calculating your foreign tax credit limitation. Subject to certain conditions and limitations, Israeli tax withheld on dividends at a rate not exceeding the rate
provided in the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty (if applicable) may be deducted from your taxable income or credited against your United States federal income tax
liability. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends
that we distribute generally should constitute “passive category income,” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, “general category income.” A foreign tax
credit for foreign taxes imposed on distributions may be denied when you do not satisfy certain minimum holding period requirements. In addition, for
periods in which we are a “United Stated-owned foreign corporation,” a portion of dividends paid by us may be treated as U.S. source solely for purposes
of the foreign tax credit. We would be treated as a United States-owned foreign corporation if 50% or more of the total value or total voting power of our
shares is owned, directly, indirectly or by attribution, by United States persons. Furthermore, Treasury Regulations that apply to taxable years beginning on
or after December 28, 2021 may in some circumstances prohibit a U.S. Holder from claiming a foreign tax credit unless the taxes are creditable under the
U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty and the holder is eligible for benefits under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty and elects its application. However, a recent notice from the
IRS  indicates  that  the  U.S.  Department  of  the  Treasury  and  the  IRS  are  considering  proposing  amendments  to  such  Treasury  Regulations  and  allows,
subject  to  certain  conditions,  taxpayers  to  defer  the  application  of  many  aspects  of  such  Treasury  Regulations  for  taxable  years  beginning  on  or  after
December 28, 2021 and ending before the date that a notice or other guidance withdrawing or modifying the temporary relief is issued (or any later date
specified  in  such  notice  or  other  guidance).  The  rules  relating  to  the  determination  of  the  foreign  tax  credit  are  complex,  and  you  should  consult  your
personal tax advisors to determine whether and to what extent you would be entitled to this credit.

Sales Exchange or other Disposition of Ordinary Shares

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” if you are a U.S. Holder, you generally will recognize gain
or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ordinary shares equal to the difference between the amount realized on such sale, exchange or other
disposition and your adjusted tax basis in our ordinary shares. Such gain or loss will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, capital
gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of ordinary shares is eligible for the preferential rate of taxation applicable to long-term capital gains if
your  holding  period  for  such  ordinary  shares  exceeds  one  year  (that  is,  such  gain  is  long-term  capital  gain).  Gain  or  loss,  if  any,  recognized  by  you
generally will be treated as United States source income or loss for United States foreign tax credit purposes. The deductibility of capital losses for U.S.
federal income tax purposes is subject to limitations.

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations

A  non-U.S.  corporation  will  be  classified  as  a  “passive  foreign  investment  company,”  or  a  PFIC,  for  United  States  federal  income  tax  purposes  in  any
taxable year in which, after applying certain look-through rules, either:

•

•

at least 75 percent of its gross income is “passive income;” or

at least 50 percent of the average value of its gross assets (generally based on the quarterly value of such gross assets, or in certain cases, adjusted
basis) is attributable to assets that produce “passive income” or are held for the production of passive income.

Passive income for this purpose generally includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents, gains from commodities and securities transactions and the excess of
gains over losses from the disposition of assets which produce passive income.

PFIC status is an annual determination that is based on tests which are factual in nature and our status in future years will depend on our income, assets and
activities in each of those years. Therefore, there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year. As a public company, the
market  capitalization  method  was  employed  to  value  our  assets  for  PFIC  purposes.  In  previous  years,  we  obtained  an  independent  valuation  of  our
company which employed an approach other than the market capitalization approach. For the 2023 tax year, based on the analysis of our U.S. tax advisor,
the market capitalization method was determined to be appropriate for determining our PFIC status. On that basis, we believe that we were not a PFIC for
the 2023 tax year. However, there can be no certainty that the IRS will not challenge such a position and determine that based on the IRS’s interpretation of
the asset test, we were a PFIC for the 2023 tax year. However, because PFIC status is based on our income, assets and activities for the entire taxable year,
it is not possible to determine whether we will be characterized as a PFIC for the 2024 taxable year until after the close of the year. Moreover, we must
determine our PFIC status annually based on tests which are factual in nature, and our status in future years will depend on our income, assets, market
capitalization and activities in each of those years. Because the market price of our ordinary shares is likely to fluctuate and the market price of the shares
of technology companies has been especially volatile, and because that market price may affect the determination of whether we will be considered a PFIC,
we cannot assure you that we will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year. If we were a PFIC, and you are a U.S. Holder, you generally would be
subject  to  ordinary  income  tax  rates,  imputed  interest  charges  and  other  disadvantageous  tax  treatment  (including  the  denial  of  the  taxation  of  such
dividends  at  the  lower  rates  applicable  to  long-term  capital  gains,  as  discussed  above  under  “-Distributions”)  with  respect  to  any  gain  from  the  sale,
exchange or other disposition of, and certain distributions with respect to, your ordinary shares. A U.S. Holder should consult his, her or its own tax advisor
with respect to the potential application of the PFIC rules in his, her or its particular circumstances.

Under the PFIC rules, unless a U.S. Holder makes one of the elections described in the next paragraphs, a special tax regime will apply to both (a) any
“excess distribution” by us (generally, the U.S. Holder’s ratable portion of distributions in any year which are greater than 125% of the average annual
distribution received by such U.S. Holder in the shorter of the three preceding years or the U.S. Holder’s holding period) and (b) any gain realized on the
sale or other disposition of the ordinary shares. Under this regime, any excess distribution and realized gain will be treated as ordinary income and will be
subject to tax as if (a) the excess distribution or gain had been realized ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period, (b) the amount deemed realized had
been subject to tax in each year of that holding period, and (c) the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax had been imposed on the
taxes deemed to have been payable in those years. In addition, dividend distributions made to you will not qualify for the lower rates of taxation applicable
to long term capital gains discussed above under “Distributions.”

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
Certain elections are available to U.S. Holders of shares that may serve to alleviate some of the adverse tax consequences of PFIC status. If we agreed to
provide the necessary information, you could avoid the interest charge imposed by the PFIC rules by making a qualified electing fund, or a QEF election,
which election may be made retroactively under certain circumstances, in which case you generally would be required to include in income on a current
basis your pro rata share of our ordinary earnings as ordinary income and your pro rata share of our net capital gains as long-term capital gain. We do not
expect to provide to U.S. Holders the information needed to report income and gain pursuant to a QEF election, and we make no undertaking to provide
such information in the event that we are a PFIC.

Under an alternative tax regime, you may also avoid certain adverse tax consequences relating to PFIC status discussed above by making a mark-to-market
election with respect to our ordinary shares annually, provided that the shares are “marketable.” Shares will be marketable if they are regularly traded on
certain  U.S.  stock  exchanges  (including  Nasdaq)  or  on  certain  non-U.S.  stock  exchanges.  For  these  purposes,  the  shares  will  generally  be  considered
regularly traded during any calendar year during which they are traded, other than in negligible quantities, on at least fifteen days during each calendar
quarter.

If you choose to make a mark-to-market election, you would recognize as ordinary income or loss each year an amount equal to the difference as of the
close of the taxable year between the fair market value of the PFIC shares and your adjusted tax basis in the PFIC shares. Losses would be allowed only to
the extent of net mark-to-market gain previously included by you under the election for prior taxable years. If the mark-to-market election were made, then
the PFIC rules set forth above relating to excess distributions and realized gains would not apply for periods covered by the election. If you make a mark-
to-market election after the beginning of your holding period of our ordinary shares, you would be subject to interest charges with respect to the inclusion
of ordinary income attributable to the period before the effective date of such election.

We may invest in stock of non-U.S. corporations that are PFICs, or if we are a PFIC, U.S. Holders will be deemed to own their proportionate share of our
PFIC subsidiaries. In such a case, provided that we are classified as a PFIC, a U.S. Holder would be treated as owning its pro rata share of the stock of the
PFIC  owned  by  us.  Such  a  U.S.  Holder  would  be  subject  to  the  rules  generally  applicable  to  shareholders  of  PFICs  discussed  above  with  respect  to
distributions received by us from such a PFIC and dispositions by us of the stock of such a PFIC (even though the U.S. Holder may not have received the
proceeds of such distribution or disposition). Assuming we receive the necessary information from the PFIC in which we own stock, certain U.S. Holders
may  make  the  QEF  election  discussed  above  with  respect  to  the  stock  of  the  PFIC  owned  by  us,  with  the  consequences  discussed  above.  However,  no
assurance can be given that we will be able to provide U.S. Holders with such information. A. U.S. Holder generally would not be able to make the mark-
to-market election described above with respect to the stock of any PFIC owned by us.

If we were a PFIC, a holder of ordinary shares that is a U.S. Holder must file United States Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 for each tax year in which
the U.S. Holder owns the ordinary shares.

You should consult your own tax advisor regarding our potential status as a PFIC and the tax consequences and filing requirements that would
arise if we were treated as a PFIC.

Foreign Asset Reporting

Certain U.S. Holders who are individuals (and certain specified entities) are required to report information relating to an interest in ordinary shares, subject
to certain exceptions (including an exception for securities held in certain accounts maintained by financial institutions). U.S. Holders are encouraged to
consult their own tax advisers regarding the effect of this reporting requirement on their ownership and disposition of ordinary shares.

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Backup Withholding Tax and Information Reporting Requirements

United States backup withholding tax and information reporting requirements generally apply to certain payments to certain non-corporate U.S. Holders of
shares.  Information  reporting  generally  will  apply  to  payments  of  dividends  on,  and  to  proceeds  from  the  sale  or  redemption  of,  ordinary  shares  made
within  the  United  States,  or  by  a  United  States  payor  or  United  States  middleman,  to  a  U.S.  Holder  of  ordinary  shares,  other  than  an  exempt  recipient
(including a corporation, a payee that is not a United States person that provides an appropriate certification and certain other persons). A payor will be
required to withhold backup withholding tax from any payments of dividends on, or the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, ordinary shares within the
United States, or by a United States payor or United States middleman, to a U.S. Holder, other than an exempt recipient, if such holder fails to furnish its
correct taxpayer identification number or otherwise fails to comply with, or establish an exemption from, such backup withholding tax requirements.

Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or credit against the beneficial owner’s United States federal income
tax liability, if any, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.

The  above  description  is  not  intended  to  constitute  a  complete  analysis  of  all  tax  consequences  relating  to  ownership  and  disposition  of  our
ordinary shares. You should consult your tax advisor concerning the tax consequences of your particular situation.

F. Dividends and Paying Agents

Not applicable.

G. Statement by Experts

Not applicable.

H. Documents on Display

We are currently subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and file periodic reports and other information with
the  SEC  through  its  electronic  data  gathering,  analysis  and  retrieval  (EDGAR)  system.  The  SEC  maintains  a  website  at  http:/www.sec.gov  containing
reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Our securities filings, including this
annual report and the exhibits thereto, are available on the SEC’s website, the TASE’s website at http://maya.tase.co.il and the Israeli Securities Authority’s
website at http://www.magna.isa.gov.il. As permitted under Nasdaq Rule 5250(d)(1)(C), we will also post our annual reports filed with the SEC on our
website at http://www.allot.com. The information contained on our website is not part of this or any other report filed with or furnished to the SEC. We will
furnish hard copies of such reports to our shareholders upon written request free of charge. The information contained on our website is not part of this or
any other report filed with or furnished to the SEC.

As  a  foreign  private  issuer,  we  are  exempt  from  the  rules  under  the  Exchange  Act  relating  to  the  furnishing  and  content  of  proxy  statements,  and  our
officers,  directors  and  principal  shareholders  are  exempt  from  the  reporting  and  short-swing  profit  recovery  provisions  contained  in  Section  16  of  the
Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as
promptly as United States companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we are required to file with the SEC, within 120
days after the end of each subsequent fiscal year, an annual report on Form 20-F containing financial statements which will be examined and reported on,
with  an  opinion  expressed,  by  an  independent  public  accounting  firm.  We  also  furnish  to  the  SEC  reports  on  Form  6-K  containing  quarterly  unaudited
financial information.

I. Subsidiary Information

Not applicable.

91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 11: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to a variety of market risks, including foreign currency exchange fluctuations, changes in interest rates and inflation. We regularly assess
currency, interest rate and inflation risks to minimize any adverse effects on our business as a result of those factors.

Risk of Interest Rate Fluctuation

The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal, support liquidity requirements, and maximize income without significantly
increasing risk. Our investments are subject to market risk due to changes in interest rates, which may affect our interest income and fair market value of
our investments.

To minimize this risk, we maintain our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and short and long-term investments in a variety of securities, including U.S.
government and agency securities, and corporate debt securities. We do not have any long-term borrowings. We have a significant amount of cash that is
currently invested primarily in interest bearing investment such as bank time deposits, money market funds and available for sale marketable securities.
These investments expose us to risks related to changes in interest rates. If interest rates decline, our results of operations may be adversely affected due to
lower interest income from these investments. We do not believe that a 10% increase or decrease in interest rates would have a material impact on our
operating results, cash flows or the fair value of our portfolio. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing
the  income  that  we  receive  from  our  investments  without  significantly  increasing  risk  and  loss.  Our  investments  are  exposed  to  market  risk  due  to
fluctuation in interest rates, which may affect our interest income and the fair market value of our investments. We manage this exposure by performing
ongoing evaluations of our investments. Due to the short- and medium-term maturities nature of our investments to date, their carrying value approximates
the fair value. We generally hold investments to maturity in order to limit our exposure to interest rate fluctuations.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Our foreign currency exposures give rise to market risk associated with exchange rate movements of the U.S. dollar, our functional and reporting currency,
mainly against the ILS. In 2023, we derived substantial part of our revenues in U.S. dollars and also a substantial portion in Euros and other currencies.
Although a substantial part of our expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars, a significant portion of our expenses were denominated in ILS and to a lesser
extent in Euros and other currencies. Our ILS-denominated expenses consist principally of salaries and related personnel expenses. We monitor foreign
currency exposure and, from time to time, may use various instruments to preserve the value of sales transactions and commitments; however, this cannot
assure our protection against risks of currency fluctuations. Any strengthening or weakening in the value of the ILS against the U.S. dollar is being partially
mitigated using hedging transactions and therefore, though we cannot provide any assurance that such transaction will fully mitigate the effect on our net
income, it is not likely that such effect will be material in the upcoming year.

In the event of a 10% hypothetical strengthening or weakening in the value of the Euro against the U.S. dollar, we may be able to mitigate the effect of such
currency exchange fluctuation by adapting our pricing. However, in the event that market conditions will limit our ability to adjust our pricing, we might
not be able to fully mitigate the adverse effect of such currency fluctuation. We estimate that in such event, the impact on our net income in 2023 did not
exceed $2 million. For more information regarding foreign currency related risks, see “ITEM 3: Key Information-Risk Factors-Our international operations
expose us to the risk of fluctuations in currency exchange rates.”

We use currency derivatives contracts primarily to hedge payments in ILS, EUR, AUD and CAD against USD. These transactions constitute a future cash
flow hedge. As of December 31, 2023, we had outstanding derivatives contracts in the amount of $4.4 million, net. These transactions were for a period of
up to twelve months. As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of the above-mentioned foreign currency derivative contracts was $0.5 million.

92

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 12: Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 13: Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

None.

ITEM 14: Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

A. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders

None.

B. Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

ITEM 15: Controls and Procedures

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)
under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2023. Based upon, and as of the date of, such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer  have  concluded  that,  as  of  December  31,  2023,  our  disclosures  controls  and  procedures  were  effective  such  that  the  information  required  to  be
disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified
in SEC rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as
appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting
is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

•

•

•

pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;

provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management
and directors; and

provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have
a material effect on the financial statements.

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023.

In  making  this  assessment,  our  management  used  the  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Our management has concluded, based on its assessment, that our internal control over
financial  reporting  was  effective  as  of  December  31,  2023  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the
preparation of consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Independent Public Accounting Firm. Our independent auditors, Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer, A Member of EY
Global, have audited the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 20-F, and as part of its audit, have issued an unqualified
audit report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. The report is included in pages F-2 and F-3 of
this annual report on Form 20-F and is incorporated herein by reference.

(d)  Changes  in  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  During  the  period  covered  by  this  report,  no  changes  in  our  internal  control  over  financial
reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) have occurred that have materially affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16: Reserved

ITEM 16A: Audit Committee Financial Expert

The board of directors has determined that Ms. Efrat Makov is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under the U.S. federal securities laws and is
independent under the rules of Nasdaq. The board of directors has also determined that Ms. Makov is independent, as such term is defined by Nasdaq Rule
5605(a)(2) and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 16B: Code of Ethics

We have adopted a code of ethics applicable to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, principal accounting officer or controller and persons
performing similar functions. This code has been posted on our website, www.allot.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our
website does not constitute a part of this annual report and is not incorporated by reference herein. Waivers of our code of ethics may only be granted by the
board of directors. Under Item 16B of Form 20-F, if a waiver or amendment of the code of ethics applies to the persons specified in Item 16B(a) of the
Form 20-F and relates to standards promoting any of the values described in Item 16B(b) of Form 20-F, we will disclose such waiver or amendment (i) on
our website within five business days following the date of amendment or waiver in accordance with the requirements of Instruction 4 to such Item 16B or
(ii) through the filing of a Form 6-K. We granted no waivers under our code of ethics in 2023.

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 16C: Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Fees paid to the Auditors

The following table sets forth, for each of the years indicated, the fees expensed by our independent registered public accounting firm.

Audit Fees(1)
Audit-Related Fees(2)
Tax Fees(3)
Other
Total

__________________

Year ended December, 31,

2022

2023

(in thousands of U.S. dollars)
445    $
10     
60     
30     
545    $

489 
5 
70 
- 
564 

  $

  $

(1)

“Audit fees” include fees for services performed by our independent public accounting firm in connection with our annual audit for 2022 and 2023,
certain  procedures  regarding  our  quarterly  financial  results  submitted  on  Form  6-K  and  consultation  concerning  financial  accounting  and  reporting
standards.

(2)

“Audit-Related  fees”  relate  to  assurance  and  associated  services  that  are  traditionally  performed  by  the  independent  auditor,  including:  accounting
consultation and consultation concerning financial accounting, reporting standards and due diligence investigations.

(3) “Tax fees” include fees for professional services rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm for tax compliance, transfer pricing and

tax advice on actual or contemplated transactions.

Audit Committee’s Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

Our audit committee has adopted a pre-approval policy for the engagement of our independent accountant to perform certain audit and non-audit services.
Pursuant  to  this  policy,  which  is  designed  to  assure  that  such  engagements  do  not  impair  the  independence  of  our  auditors,  the  audit  committee  pre-
approves annually a catalog of specific audit and non-audit services in the categories of audit service, audit-related service and tax services that may be
performed by our independent accountants.

Our audit committee pre-approved all audit and non-audit services provided to us and to our subsidiaries during the periods listed above.

ITEM 16D: Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

Not applicable.

ITEM 16E: Purchase of Equity Securities by the Company and Affiliated Purchasers

On August 2015, the Board of Directors approved a program for the Company to repurchase up to $15 million of its outstanding ordinary shares, which
program  was  thereafter  approved  by  the  Israeli  court,  pursuant  to  Israeli  law  on  November  26,  2015.  Share  purchases  will  take  place  in  open  market
transactions or in privately negotiated transactions and may be made from time to time depending on market conditions, share price, trading volume and
other factors. Such purchases will be made in accordance with all applicable securities laws and regulations. The repurchase program does not require Allot
to acquire a specific number of shares, and may be suspended from time to time or discontinued. The court approvals previously granted were each valid
for a period of six months. During 2021, 2022 and 2023 we did not repurchase any outstanding ordinary shares under this program.

95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 16F: Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

None.

ITEM 16G: Corporate Governance

As  a  foreign  private  issuer,  we  are  permitted  under  Nasdaq  Rule  5615(a)(3)  to  follow  Israeli  corporate  governance  practices  instead  of  Nasdaq
requirements, provided we disclose which requirements we are not following and describe the equivalent Israeli requirement. We must also provide Nasdaq
with a letter from outside counsel in our home country, Israel, certifying that our corporate governance practices are not prohibited by Israeli law.

We rely on this “foreign private issuer exemption” with respect to the following items:

• We follow the requirements of Israeli law with respect to the quorum requirement for meetings of our shareholders, which are different from the
requirements of Rule 5620(c). Under our articles of association, the quorum required for an ordinary meeting of shareholders consists of at least
two shareholders present in person, by proxy or by written ballot, who hold or represent between them at least 25% of the voting power of our
shares, instead of the issued share capital provided by under Nasdaq requirements. This quorum requirement is based on the default requirement
set forth in the Companies Law.

• We do not seek shareholder approval for equity compensation plans a practice which complies with the requirements of the Companies Law, but
does not reflect the requirements of Rule 5635(c). Under Israeli law, we may amend our 2016 Plan by the approval of our board of directors, and
without shareholder approval as is generally required under Rule 5635(c). Under Israeli law, the adoption and amendment of equity compensation
plans, including changes to the reserved shares, do not require shareholder approval.

• We follow Section 274 of the Companies Law, which does not require shareholder approval for (i) certain private issuance of securities that may
result in a change of control, which does not reflect the requirements of Rule 5635(b), and (ii) certain private issuances of securities representing
more than 20% of our outstanding shares or voting power at below market prices, which does not reflect the requirements of Rule 5635(d).

We are subject to additional Israeli corporate governance requirements applicable to companies incorporated in Israel whose securities are listed for trading
on a stock exchange outside of Israel.

We may in the future provide Nasdaq with an additional letter or letters notifying Nasdaq that we are following our home country practices, consistent with
the Companies Law and practices, in lieu of other requirements of Rule 5600.

ITEM 16H: Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

ITEM 16I: Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

Not applicable.

ITEM 16J: Insider Trading Policies

Not applicable.

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 16K: Cybersecurity

Risk management and strategy

We prioritize the management of cybersecurity risk and the protection of information across our enterprise by embedding risk-based data protection and
cybersecurity risk management in our operations. Our processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats have
been integrated into our overall risk management system and processes.

As  a  foundation  for  this  approach,  we  have  implemented  a  layered  governance  structure  to  help  assess,  identify  and  manage  cybersecurity  risks.  Our
cybersecurity risk management program includes conducting surveys related to the processes we apply with regards to our assets, classifying the risks, and
implementing  corrective  and  preventive  actions  in  accordance  with  industry  best  practice.  We  undergo  annual  external  evaluation  by  third  party
consultants,  whose  work  includes  the  performance  of  cybersecurity  risk  management  process  reviews,  penetration  testing,  and  security  surveys.  We  are
ISO27001 and ISO22301 certified and undergo annual SOX audits by our external auditors.

Our privacy and cybersecurity policies encompass incident response procedures, information security policies and vendor management standards. In order
to  help  develop  these  policies  and  procedures,  we  monitor  the  privacy  and  cybersecurity  laws,  regulations  and  guidance  applicable  to  us  in  the  regions
where we do business. Our cybersecurity risk management program is modeled on industry standards and best practices, as well as the requirements of
applicable privacy and cybersecurity laws and regulations.

With respect to third party service providers, we require our vendors to adhere to privacy and cybersecurity standards, and we perform risk assessments of
vendors,  including  evaluating  their  ability  to  protect  data  from  unauthorized  access.  We  maintain  an  experienced  information  technology  team  who  are
tasked with implementing our privacy and cybersecurity program and support the CISO in carrying out reporting, security and mitigation functions. We
also  hold  employee  trainings  on  privacy  and  cybersecurity,  records  and  information  management,  conduct  phishing  tests  and  generally  seek  to  promote
awareness of cybersecurity risk through communication and education of our employee population.

As described in Item 3.D “Risk Factors,” our operations rely on the secure processing, storage and transmission of confidential and other information in our
computer  systems  and  networks.  Computer  viruses,  hackers,  employee  or  vendor  misconduct,  and  other  external  hazards  could  expose  our  information
systems and those of our vendors to security breaches, cybersecurity incidents or other disruptions, any of which could materially and adversely affect our
business,  by  way  of  disclosing  our  confidential  business  and  financial  information  and/or  affecting  our  platforms’  availabilities  (affecting  our  ability  to
provide  services  and  support  to  our  customers)  and/or  affecting  our  data  integrity.  We  are  not  aware  that  we  have  experienced  a  material  cybersecurity
incident during the 2023 fiscal year. 

The  sophistication  of  cybersecurity  threats,  including  through  the  use  of  artificial  intelligence,  continues  to  increase,  and  the  controls  and  preventative
actions we take to reduce the risk of cybersecurity incidents and protect our systems, including the regular testing of our cybersecurity incident response
plan, may be insufficient. In addition, new technology that could result in greater operational efficiency such as use of artificial intelligence may further
expose our computer systems to the risk of cybersecurity incidents.

Governance

As part of our overall risk management approach, we prioritize the identification and management of cybersecurity risk at several levels, including Board
oversight, executive commitment, IT management team. Our Audit Committee, comprised of independent directors from our Board, oversees the Board’s
responsibilities relating to the operational risk affairs of the Company (including information systems (IT), business continuity and data security risks). This
is  also  supported  by  an  annual  Risk  Assessment  Survey  Validation,  presented  to  the  Board,  by  our  external  auditors,  where  the  main  risk  exposures
are assessed, quantified and ranked.

Our CISO, who has been a chief information security officer for 20 years and worked in banking and hi-tech industries, oversees the implementation and
compliance  of  our  information  security  standards  and  mitigation  of  information  security  related  risks.  The  IT  Steering  Committee,  which  includes  our
group Chief Information Officer and members of executive leadership, oversees IT initiatives while considering cybersecurity risk mitigation with respect
to these initiatives.

The IT Steering Committee reports regularly to the company’s management of the security risks. According to our Incident Response procedures, the CISO
is responsible for supervising cybersecurity alerts and incidents, investigating them, and escalating them, through the company’s management to the Board,
if and when necessary.

97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART III

ITEM 17: Financial Statements

Not applicable.

ITEM 18: Financial Statements

See Financial Statements included at the end of this report.

ITEM 19: Exhibits

See exhibit index incorporated herein by reference.

98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Dated: April 9, 2024

Allot Ltd

By: /s/ Erez Antebi
Erez Antebi
Chief Executive Officer and President

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F

INDEX OF EXHIBITS

Number
1.1
1.2
1.3
2.1
2.2
4.1

4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5

4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
8.1
12.1
12.2
13.1

15.1
97.1
101.INS
101.SCH
101.PRE
101.CAL
101.LAB
101.DEF
104

Description
Articles of Association of the Registrant (2)
Certificate of Name Change (9)
Memorandum of Association of the Registrant (10)
Specimen share certificate (1)
Description of Registrant’s Securities
Non-Stabilized Lease  Agreement,  dated  February  13,  2006  (as  amended  from  time  to  time),  by  and  among,  Aderet  Hod  Hasharon  Ltd.,
Miritz,  Inc.,  Leah  and  Israel  Ruben  Assets  Ltd.,  Tamar  and  Moshe  Cohen  Assets  Ltd.,  Drish  Assets  Ltd.,  S.  L.  A.  A.  Assets  and
Consulting Ltd., Iris Katz Ltd., Y. A. Groder Investments Ltd., Ginotel Hod Hasharon 2000 Ltd. and Allot Ltd (1)
2016 Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (6)
Israeli Subplan (Appendix A) of the 2016 Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (7)
US Subplan (Appendix B) of the 2016 Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (8)
Amendment No. 1, dated September 1, 2012, to the Manufacturing Agreement, dated July 19, 2007, by and between Flextronics (Israel)
Ltd. and the Registrant (11)
Compensation Policy for Executive Officers and Directors (5)
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 14, 2022, between the Registrant and Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP (12)
Convertible Promissory Note, dated February 17, 2022 between the Registrant and Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP
Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 17, 2022 between the Registrant and Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP
Cooperation Agreement, dated May 11, 2022, between the Registrant and Outerbridge Special Opportunities Fund II, LP (13)
List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant
Certification of Principal Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) (Section 302 Certifications)
Certification of Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) (Section 302 Certifications)
Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Rule 15d-14(b) (Section 906
Certifications), furnished herewith
Consent of Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation
Inline XBRL Instance Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

___________________

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

Previously  filed  with  the  SEC  on  October  31,  2006  pursuant  to  a  registration  statement  on  Form  F-1  (File  No.  333-138313)  and  incorporated  by
reference herein.
Previously included in Exhibit 99.3 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on November 1, 2018 and incorporated
by reference herein.
Previously  filed  with  the  SEC  on  March  26,  2015  as  Exhibit  4.8  to  the  annual  report  on  Form  20-F  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2014  and
incorporated by reference herein.
Previously  filed  with  the  SEC  on  March  28,  2016  as  Exhibit  5.1  to  the  annual  report  on  Form  20-F  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2015  and
incorporated by reference herein.
Previously included as Exhibit A-1 to the proxy statement included in Exhibit 99.1 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to
the SEC on November 17, 2022 and incorporated by reference herein.
Previously filed with the SEC on March 23, 2017 as Exhibit 4.2 to the annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2016 and
amended as set forth in Exhibit 99.1 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to the Commission on November 16, 2023, each of
which are incorporated by reference herein.
Previously  filed  with  the  SEC  on  March  23,  2017  as  Exhibit  4.3  to  the  annual  report  on  Form  20-F  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and
incorporated by reference herein.
Previously  filed  with  the  SEC  on  March  23,  2017  as  Exhibit  4.4  to  the  annual  report  on  Form  20-F  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and
incorporated by reference herein.
Previously included in Exhibit 99.1 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on November 1, 2018 and incorporated
by reference herein.

(10) Previously included in Exhibit 99.2 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on November 1, 2018 and incorporated

by reference herein.

(11) Previously  filed  with  the  SEC  on  March  22,  2018  as  Exhibit  4.6  to  the  annual  report  on  Form  20-F  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  and

incorporated by reference herein.

(12) Previously included in Exhibit 4.1 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on February 15, 2022 and incorporated by

reference herein.

(13) Previously included in Exhibit 4.1 to the report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 12, 2022 and incorporated by

reference herein.

100

 
 
 
ALLOT LTD.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023

U.S. DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS

 
 
 
ALLOT LTD.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023

U.S. DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS

INDEX

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 1281)

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

F - 2 - F - 4

F - 5 - F - 6

F - 7

F - 8

F - 9 – F - 10

F - 11 - F - 48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menahem Begin Road, Building A
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Opinion on the Financial Statements

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of ALLOT LTD.

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Allot  Ltd.  (the  "Company")  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  related
consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB),  the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued
by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework)  and  our  report  dated  April  10,  2024  expressed  an
unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain
reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included
performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures
that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or
required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2)
involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex  judgments.  The  communication  of  the  critical  audit  matter  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our
opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

F - 2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description of the Matter

  Revenue Recognition
  As described in Note 2m to the consolidated financial statements, the Company derives its revenues mainly from
sales  of  products,  related  maintenance  and  support  services  and  professional  services.  The  Company’s  contracts
with customers often contain multiple performance obligations which are accounted for separately when they are
distinct.  The  Company  allocates  the  transaction  price  to  the  distinct  performance  obligations  on  a  relative
standalone selling price basis and recognizes revenue when control is transferred. Product revenues are recognized
at the point in time when the product has been delivered. The Company recognizes revenues from maintenance and
support  services  ratably  over  the  term  of  the  applicable  maintenance  and  support  agreement.  Revenues  from
professional services are recognized, when the services are provided or once the service term has expired.

Auditing the Company’s revenue recognition was complex due to the subjectivity of the assumptions that were used
in developing the stand-alone selling price of distinct performance obligations.

How We Addressed the Matter in
Our Audit

  We obtained an understanding, evaluated design and tested the operating effectiveness of internal controls related to

the determination of the stand-alone selling prices.

To  test  management’s  determination  of  stand-alone  selling  price  for  each  performance  obligation,  we  performed
procedures to evaluate the methodology applied. We evaluated the Company's analysis of stand-alone selling price,
including  reading  sample  of  executed  contracts  to  understand  and  evaluate  management’s  identification  of
significant  terms,  tested  the  accuracy  of  the  underlying  data  and  calculations  and  the  application  of  that
methodology to the sampled contracts. We also tested the mathematical accuracy of management’s calculations of
revenue and the associated timing of revenue recognized in the financial statements.

Finally, we assessed the appropriateness of the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2006.

Tel-Aviv, Israel
April 10, 2024

/s/ KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER
A Member of EY Global

F - 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menahem Begin Road, Building A
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of ALLOT LTD.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Allot Ltd. internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control—
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our
opinion, Allot Ltd. (the "Company") maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based
on the COSO criteria.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB),  the
consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in
shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and our report dated April 10,
2024, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The  Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  for  its  assessment  of  the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain

reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures
of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also,  projections  of  any
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Tel-Aviv, Israel
April 10, 2024

/s/ KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER
A Member of EY Global

F - 4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

U.S. dollars in thousands

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted deposits
Short-term bank deposits
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Trade receivables, net (net of allowance for credit losses of $ 25,253 and $ 2,908 on December 31, 2023 and 2022,

  $

respectively)

Other receivables and prepaid expenses
Inventories

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS:

Severance pay fund
Restricted deposit
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Trade receivables, net
Other assets
Property and equipment, net
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill

Total non-current assets

Total assets

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F -  5

ALLOT LTD.

December 31,

2023

2022

14,192    $
1,728     
10,000     
28,853     

14,828     
8,437     
11,874     

12,295 
1,050 
68,765 
4,293 

44,167 
7,985 
13,262 

89,912     

151,817 

395     
158     
3,057     
-     
704     
11,189     
915     
31,833     

371 
- 
5,387 
4,934 
864 
14,236 
3,511 
31,833 

48,251     

61,136 

  $

138,163    $

212,953 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Trade payables
Employees and payroll accruals
Deferred revenues
Short-term operating lease liabilities
Other payables and accrued expenses

Total current liabilities

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:

Deferred revenues
Long-term operating lease liabilities
Accrued severance pay
Convertible debt

Total long-term liabilities

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:

Share capital -

Ordinary shares of NIS 0.1 par value - Authorized: 200,000,000 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022; Issued:
39,192,939 and 38,186,043 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively; Outstanding: 38,376,939 and
37,370,043 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively

Additional paid-in capital
Treasury share at cost - 816,000 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Accumulated deficit

Total shareholders' equity

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F -  6

ALLOT LTD.

December 31,

2023

2022

  $

969    $
12,566     
14,892     
1,453     
9,528     

11,661 
14,149 
20,825 
2,542 
11,424 

39,408     

60,601 

7,437     
702     
1,080     
39,773     

7,285 
2,579 
940 
39,575 

48,992     

50,379 

981     
312,128     
(3,998)    
483     
(259,831)    

954 
303,298 
(3,998)
(1,254)
(197,027)

49,763     

101,973 

  $

138,163    $

212,953 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

Revenues:
Products
Services
Total revenues

Cost of revenues:

Products
Services

Total cost of revenues

Gross profit

Operating expenses:

Research and development (net of grant participations of $ 3,129, $ 825 and $ 167 for the years

ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively)

Sales and marketing
General and administrative

Total operating expenses

Operating loss
Financial income, net

Loss before income tax expense
Income tax expense

Net loss

 Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted

ALLOT LTD.

Year ended December 31,
2022

2023

2021

 $

 $

37,599 
55,551 
93,150 

 $

60,980 
61,757 
122,737 

88,229 
57,371 
145,600 

16,693 
23,771 
40,464 

52,686 

39,115 
43,850 
34,656 

21,345 
18,486 
39,831 

31,603 
12,950 
44,553 

82,906 

101,047 

49,800 
49,393 
15,982 

47,093 
52,337 
15,145 

117,621 

115,175 

114,575 

(64,935)
3,215 

(61,720)
1,084 

(32,269)   
2,134 

(30,135)   
1,895 

(13,528)
339 

(13,189)
1,851 

(62,804)

 $

(32,030)  $

(15,040)

(1.66)

 $

(0.87)  $

(0.42)

 $

 $

 Weighted average number of shares used in per share computations of net loss:
Basic and diluted

37,911,214 

36,975,424 

36,050,540 

Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale marketable securities
Net amount reclassified to earnings from available-for-sale marketable securities
Total comprehensive gain (loss) from available-for-sale marketable securities
Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency cash flow hedges transactions
Net amount reclassified to earnings from hedging transactions
Total comprehensive gain (loss) from hedge transactions

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

Total comprehensive loss

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F -  7

41 
- 
41 
(960)
2,656 
1,696 

1,737 

(140)   
2 
(138)   
(5,562)   
4,175 
(1,387)   

(359)
(15)
(374)
1,269 
(770)
499 

(1,525)   

125 

 $

(61,067)

 $

(33,555)  $

(14,915)

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
     
     
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share data

ALLOT LTD.

Ordinary shares

Outstanding
shares

    Amount    

Additional
paid-in
capital

Treasury
share

    Accumulated

other
comprehensive
income (loss)

Accumulated
deficit

Total
shareholders'
equity

Balance as of January 1, 2021

    35,382,638     

896     

283,065     

(3,998)    

146     

(149,957)    

130,152 

Exercise of share options and restricted

share units

Share-based compensation
Other comprehensive income
Net loss

1,108,842     
-     
-     
-     

33     
-     
-     
-     

2,778     
7,960     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
125     
-     

-     
-     
-     
(15,040)    

2,811 
7,960 
125 
(15,040)

Balance as of December 31, 2021

    36,491,480     

929     

293,803     

(3,998)    

271     

(164,997)    

126,008 

Exercise of share options and restricted

share units

Share-based compensation
Other comprehensive loss
Net loss

878,563     
-     
-     
-     

25     
-     
-     
-     

226     
9,269     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
(1,525)    
-     

-     
-     
-     
(32,030)    

251 
9,269 
(1,525)
(32,030)

Balance as of December 31, 2022

    37,370,043     

954     

303,298     

(3,998)    

(1,254)    

(197,027)    

101,973 

Exercise of share options and restricted

share units

Share-based compensation
Other comprehensive loss
Net loss

1,006,896     
-     
-     
-     

27     
-     
-     
-     

(27)    
8,857     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
1,737     
-     

-     
-     
-     
(62,804)    

- 
8,857 
1,737 
(62,804)

Balance as of December 31, 2023

    38,376,939     

981     

312,128     

(3,998)    

483     

(259,831)    

49,763 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F -  8

 
 
 
   
     
     
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

U.S. dollars in thousands

Cash flows from operating activities:

 Net loss
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

Depreciation, amortization and impairment
Share-based compensation
Amortization of issuance costs of Convertible debt

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase (decrease) in severance pay, net
Decrease in other assets, other receivables and prepaid expenses
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest and amortization of premium on available-for
sale marketable securities
Decrease (increase) in operating lease right-of-use asset
Increase (decrease) in operating leases liability
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables
Decrease (increase) in inventories
Decrease in long-term deferred taxes, net
Increase (decrease) in trade payables
Increase (decrease) in employees and payroll accruals
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenues
Decrease in other payables and accrued expenses

Net cash used in operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Decrease (increase) in restricted deposits
Investment in short-term bank deposits
 Withdrawal of short-term bank deposits
Purchase of property and equipment
Investment in available-for sale marketable securities
Proceeds from sales and maturity of available-for sale marketable securities
Acquisition

ALLOT LTD.

Year ended December 31,
2022

2023

2021

  $

(62,804)   $

(32,030)   $

(15,040)

8,132     
8,845     
198     

116     
621     

(712)    
2,686     
(3,322)    
34,273     
1,388     
-     
(10,692)    
(1,571)    
(5,781)    
(1,113)    

7,352     
9,165     
171     

92     
720     

71     
3,126     
(3,131)    
(11,629)    
(2,170)    
-     
7,721     
(385)    
(9,970)    
(1,668)    

5,575 
8,000 
- 

(58)
5,908 

182 
(4,055)
3,604 
(16,787)
1,494 
420 
1,848 
458 
1,640 
(1,559)

(29,736)    

(32,565)    

(8,370)

(836)    
(15,900)    
74,665     
(2,489)    
(46,742)    
22,935     
-     

430     
(130,050)    
122,220     
(5,642)    
-     
7,030     
(500)    

(280)
(82,220)
68,725 
(7,642)
- 
15,094 
- 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

31,633     

(6,512)    

(6,323)

F -  9

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
     
     
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

U.S. dollars in thousands

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from exercise of share options
Issuance of convertible debt

Net cash provided by financing activities

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

ALLOT LTD.

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

-     
-     

-     

1,897     
12,295     

251     
39,404     

39,655     

578     
11,717     

2,811 
- 

2,811 

(11,882)
23,599 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

  $

14,192    $

12,295    $

11,717 

Supplementary cash flow information:

Cash paid during the year for:

Taxes

Non-cash activity:

  $

385    $

413    $

633 

Right-of-use assets obtained in the exchange for operating lease liabilities

  $

356    $

196    $

6,746 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F -  10

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
     
     
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 1: - GENERAL

ALLOT LTD.

a.

Allot Ltd. (the "Company") was incorporated in November 1996 under the laws of the State of Israel. The Company is engaged in
developing, selling and marketing of leading innovative network intelligence (“Allot Smart”) and security solutions (“Allot Secure”)
for  mobile  and  fixed  service  providers  as  well  as  enterprises  worldwide.  Our  solutions  are  deployed  globally  for  network  and
application  analytics,  traffic  control  and  shaping,  network-based  security  including  mobile  security,  distributed  denial  of  service
(DDoS) protection, IoT security, and more. Allot Smart generates insightful intelligence that allows CSPs to analyze every packet of
network,  user,  application  and  security  data,  CSPs  can  see,  control  and  secure  their  networks,  optimizing  performance,  minimizing
costs and maximizing end-user QoE. Allot Secure provides security service for the mass market and SMB at home, at work and on the
go for mobile, fixed and 5G converged networks. Allot Secure enables customers to detect security breaches and protect networks and
network users from attacks.

The Company's Ordinary Shares are listed in the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "ALLT" from its initial public
offering in November 2006. Since November 2010, the Company's Ordinary Shares have been listed for trading in the Tel Aviv Stock
Exchange as well.

The Company holds twelve wholly-owned subsidiaries (the Company together with its subsidiaries shall collectively be referred to as
"Allot"): Allot Communications, Inc. in Burlington, Massachusetts, United-States (the "U.S. subsidiary"), which was incorporated in
1997 under the laws of the State of California, Allot Communication Europe SARL, France (the "European subsidiary"), which was
incorporated in 1998 under the laws of France, Allot Communications Japan K.K. in Tokyo, Japan (the "Japanese subsidiary"), which
was incorporated in 2004 under the laws of Japan, Allot Communication (UK) Limited (the "UK subsidiary"), which was incorporated
in 2006 under the laws of England and Wales, Allot Communications (Asia Pacific) Pte. Ltd. ("the Singaporean subsidiary"), which
was incorporated in 2006 under the laws of Singapore, Allot India Private Limited. (the "Indian subsidiary”), which was incorporated
in  2012  under  the  laws  of  India  and  commenced  its  activity  in  2013,  Allot  Communications  Africa  (PTY)  Ltd.  (the  "African
subsidiary”),  which  was  incorporated  in  2013  under  the  laws  of  South  Africa,  Allot  Communications  Spain,  S.L.  Sociedad
Unipersonal (the "Spanish subsidiary”), which was incorporated in 2015 under the laws of Spain, Allot Communications (Colombia)
S.A.S (the "Colombian subsidiary”), which was incorporated in 2015 under the laws of Colombia and Allot MexSub (the "Mexican
subsidiary"), which was incorporated in 2015 under the laws of Mexico, Allot Turkey Komunikasion Hizmeleri limited (the “Turkish
subsidiary”), which was incorporated in 2018 under laws of Turkey, Allot Australia (PTY) LTD (the “Australian subsidiary”), which
was incorporated in 2018 under the laws of Australia.

The European, Singaporean, Indian, Colombian, U.S, Japanese, African and Turkish subsidiaries are engaged in sales and marketing,
technical support services and other services of the Company's products. The UK and Australian subsidiaries are engaged in sales and
marketing and other services.

F - 11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 1: - GENERAL (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The Spanish and Mexican subsidiaries commenced operations in 2015 and are engaged in the sales and marketing, technical support
and development activities of one of the Company's product lines.

b.

Acquisitions:

a.

On January 14, 2018 (the "Netonomy acquisition date"), the Company entered into a purchase agreement with the shareholders
of Netonomy LTD ("Netonomy"), a developer of software-based cybersecurity solutions for the connected home.

The total consideration for the acquisition was $ 3,765, which consisted of $ 3,180 paid in cash, holdback amount summing to $ 303
and  additional  contingent  consideration  at  a  fair  value  of  $  282  at  the  Netonomy  acquisition  date.  As  of  December  31,  2021,  the
contingent consideration is estimated at a fair value of $ 834, The change in fair value of the contingent consideration was recorded to
operating expenses.

According to the agreement, the holdback amount (“Holdback Amount”) summing to $ 1,100 would be held to partially satisfy any
claims for indemnification. Such amount shall be paid in three installments consisting 40%, 40% and 20% of the Holdback amount
following the first, second and 30-months anniversaries of the Closing Date, respectively. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, a sum
of $ 797 out of the Holdback amount shall be paid provided that certain employees keep working in the Company during the here
mentioned periods (“the Restricted Holdback Amount”). As of December 31, 2023 the Company has no Holdback liability.

In  this  agreement,  the  contingent  consideration  was  payable  over  a  two-and-a-half-year  term,  starting  April  1,  2018  and  ending
September 30, 2020 ("Contingent Consideration Period") depending on the Company’s revenues from Netonomy’s technology, and
has payments cap of $ 1,100. A maximum sum of $ 797 out of the contingent consideration amount shall be paid provided that certain
employees keep working in the Company during the mentioned period. The obligations in respect of the holdback amount and the
contingent consideration are presented under other payables and accrued expenses.

As of December 31, 2023, the Contingent Consideration Period ended however, part of Contingent Consideration was not settled yet.
See Note 12b.

F - 12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 1: - GENERAL (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

b.

On  December  18,  2022  (the  "Keepers  acquisition  date"),  the  Company  entered  into  an  Bussines  combination  (the  "Keepers
PPA") with the shareholders of Keepers Child Safety Ltd. ("Keepers") a private company which has a business of developing
and marketing software to protect children from digital online threats.

The  total  consideration  for  the  acquisition  was  $  1,152,  which  consisted  of  $  500  paid  in  cash  and  an  additional  contingent
consideration estimated at fair value of $ 652 at the Keepers acquisition date. As of December 31, 2023, the contingent consideration
is estimated at fair value of $ 0.

The contingent consideration consists of two components: (a) $ 1,000 paid against actual income. (b) All expected revenues exceeding
$ 1,000 multiplied by 3.0% limited for the period of 10 years as of Valuation Date.

The  acquisition  was  accounted  for  using  the  purchase  method  of  accounting  in  accordance  with  ASC  No.  805,  “Business
Combinations” ("ASC No. 805"). Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated according to the estimated fair values of the assets
acquired and the excess of the purchase price over the net tangible and identified intangible assets was assigned to goodwill.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:

Technology
Goodwill

Net assets acquired

  Fair value  

  $

1,002 
150 

  $

1,152 

During 2023, the Company reassess it’s research and development projects in order to focuse it’s available resources. As a result of
this assessment, management decided to stop further development of the Keepers technology and abandon the technology. As a result,
the Company recorded an impairment for the year ended December 31, 2023, in the amount of $870.

Since the Company abandon the technology, management estimate that as of December 31, 2023, the contingent consideration relating
with the acquisition of Keppers has fair value of $0.

Unaudited pro forma condensed results of operations:

Pro  forma  results  of  operations  related  to  this  acquisition  have  not  been  prepared  because  they  are  not  material  to  the  Company’s
consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss.

F - 13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

ALLOT LTD.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP").

a.

Use of estimates:

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  U.S.  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates,
judgments and assumptions. The Company's management believes that the estimates, judgments and assumptions used are reasonable
based  upon  information  available  at  the  time  they  are  made.  These  estimates,  judgments  and  assumptions  can  affect  the  reported
amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  dates  of  the  financial  statements,  and  the
reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

b.

Financial statements in U.S. dollars:

The  majority  operation  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  are  generated  in  U.S.  dollars  ("dollar")  or  linked  to  the  dollar.  The
Company's management believes that the dollar is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company and its
subsidiaries operate. Thus, the functional and reporting currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the dollar.

Accordingly, monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than the dollar are remeasured into U.S. dollars in accordance with
Accounting Standards Codification No. 830, "Foreign Currency Matters" ("ASC No. 830"). All transactions gains and losses from the
remeasurement  of  monetary  balance  sheet  items  are  reflected  in  the  statements  of  operations  as  financial  income  or  expenses  as
appropriate. Financial gains and (losses) related to exchange rate differences in connection with revaluation of assets and liabilities in
non-dollar denominated currencies for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 amounted to $ 378, $ 442 and $ (454),
respectively.

c.

Principles of consolidation:

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries.  Intercompany  balances  and
transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

d.

Cash and cash equivalents:

The Company considers all unrestricted highly liquid investments which are readily convertible into cash, with a maturity of three
months or less at the date of acquisition, to be cash equivalents.

F - 14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

e.

Restricted deposits:

ALLOT LTD.

Restricted  deposits  consists  of  depoisits  used  as  security  for  the  company’s  transactions  with  customers,  hedging  transactions  and
lease agreements. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, restricted deposits were mainly denominated in U.S. dollars, amounted to $
1,886 and $1,050, respectively, and bore a weighted average interest rate of 4.77% and 5.55%, respectively.

f.

Short-term bank deposits:

Short-term bank deposits are deposits with maturities of more than three months but less than one year at the balance sheet date. The
deposits are in dollars and bear interest at an annual weighted average rate of 6.58% and 4.05% on December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively.

g.

Trade Receivable and Allowances:

Trade receivables are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount which was recognized as revenues less an allowance for
any potential uncollectible amounts. The Company makes estimates of expected credit losses for the allowance for credit losses and
allowance for unbilled receivables based upon its assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the trade
receivable  balances,  credit  quality  of  its  customers,  current  economic  conditions,  reasonable  and  supportable  forecasts  of  future
economic  conditions,  and  other  factors  that  may  affect  its  ability  to  collect  from  customers.  The  estimated  credit  loss  allowance  is
recorded as general and administrative expenses on the Company’s consolidated statements of income (loss).

The following table displays a rollforward of the total allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and
2021.

Total allowance for credit losses – January 1
Current-period provision for expected credit losses
Write-offs
Recoveries collected

2023

2022

2021

2,908     
22,563     
(145)    
(73)    

2,398     
823     
(64)    
(249)    

2,309 
293 
(9)
(195)

Total allowance for credit losses – December 31

25,253     

2,908     

2,398 

During  2023,  the  Company  recognized  $  22,563  increase  in  the  credit  losses  provision.  This  increase  was  primarily  due  to
management’s estimation regarding the deterioration in the economic conditions of four customers, mainly in Africa, during 2023 and
their ability to repay their outstanding debt.

F - 15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

h.

Marketable securities:

ALLOT LTD.

Marketable  securities  consist  mainly  of  government  bonds.  The  Company  determines  the  appropriate  classification  of  marketable
securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such designation at each balance sheet date. In accordance with FASB ASC No. 320
“Investments-  Debt  and  Equity  Securities,”  the  Company  classifies  marketable  securities  as  available-for-sale.  Available-for-sale
securities  are  stated  at  fair  value,  with  unrealized  gains  and  losses  reported  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss),  a
separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of taxes. Realized gains and losses on sales of marketable securities, as determined on
a  specific  identification  basis,  are  included  in  financial  income,  net.  The  amortized  cost  of  marketable  securities  is  adjusted  for
amortization of premium and accretion of discount to maturity, both of which, together with interest, are included in financial income,
net. The Company has classified all marketable securities as short-term, even though the stated maturity date may be one year or more
beyond  the  current  balance  sheet  date,  because  it  is  probable  that  the  Company  will  sell  these  securities  prior  to  maturity  to  meet
liquidity needs or as part of risk versus reward objectives.

Available-for-sale debt securities with an amortized cost basis in excess of estimated fair value are assessed to determine what amount
of that difference, if any, is caused by expected credit losses.

The  Company  periodically  evaluates  its  available-for-sale  debt  securities  for  impairment.  If  the  amortized  cost  of  an  individual
security exceeds its fair value, the Company considers its intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be
required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized basis. If either of these criteria are met, the Company writes down the
security  to  its  fair  value  and  records  the  impairment  charge  in  interest  and  other  income,  net  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of
Operations. If neither of these criteria are met, the Company determines whether credit loss exists.

Expected  credit  losses  on  available-for-sale  debt  securities  are  recognized  in  interest  and  other  income  (expense),  net,  on  the
Company’s consolidated statements of income (loss), and any remaining unrealized losses, net of taxes, are included in accumulated
other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  in  Shareholder's  equity.  As  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  no  credit  loss  impairment  was
recorded regarding the available for sale marketable securities.

F - 16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

i.

Inventories:

ALLOT LTD.

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory write-offs are provided to cover risks arising primarily
from  end  of  life  products  and  from  slow-moving  items,  technological  obsolescence,  and  excess  inventory.  Inventory  net  write-offs
during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 amounted to $ 1,558, $ 905 and $ 4,593, respectively, and were recorded
in cost of revenues.

Provision for slow moving inventory as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $ 8,895 and $ 8,862, respectively.

Inventory cost is determined using the weighted average cost method.

j.

Property and equipment, net:

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated by the straight-line method over
the estimated useful lives of the assets at the following annual rates:

Lab equipment
Computers and peripheral equipment
Office furniture
SECaaS equipment *
Leasehold improvements

* SECaaS equipment – the equipment used for SECaaS revenues

k.

Goodwill:

%

16 - 25
33
6
16
Over the shorter of the
term of the lease or the
useful life of the asset

Goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  the  purchase  price  over  the  fair  value  of  net  assets  of  purchased  businesses.  Under  Accounting
Standards Codification No. 350, "Intangibles-Goodwill and Other" ("ASC No. 350"), goodwill is not amortized, but rather subject to
an annual impairment test, or more often if there are indicators of impairment present. In accordance with ASC No. 350 the Company
performs an annual impairment test at December 31 each year.

ASC 350 allows an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill
impairment test. If the qualitative assessment does not result in a more likely than not indication of impairment, no further impairment
testing is required. If the Company elects not to use this option, or if the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the
fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then the Company prepares a quantitative analysis to determine whether
the carrying value of reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair
value, the Company recognizes an impairment of goodwill for the amount of this excess.

F - 17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The Company operates in one operating segment, and this segment comprises its only reporting unit. The Company has performed an
annual impairment analysis as of December 31, 2023 and determined that the carrying value of the reporting unit was lower than the
fair value of the reporting unit. Fair value is determined using market value. During the years 2023, 2022 and 2021, no impairment
losses were recorded.

l.

Impairment of long-lived assets, Right-of-use assets, and intangible assets subject to amortization:

Property and equipment, Right-of-use assets, and intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment in accordance
with ASC No. 360, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a
comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such
assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the
assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition,
intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. The useful lives of
intangible assets are assessed to be either finite or indefinite. Intangible assets that are not considered to have an indefinite useful life
are amortized over their estimated useful lives.

Some of the acquired intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives in proportion to the economic benefits realized.
This accounting policy results in accelerated amortization of such customer relationships as compared to the straight-line method. All
other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis.

The Company has performed an annual impairment analysis as of December 31, 2023 and determined that there were circumstances
indicating the asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. During the year 2023, impairment losses were recorded in the amount of
$ 1,614. During the years 2022 and 2021, no impairment losses were recorded.

m.

Revenue recognition:

The  Company  generates  revenues  mainly  from  selling  its  products  along  with  related  maintenance  and  support  services.  At  times,
these arrangements may also include professional services, such as installation services or training. Some of the Company’s product
sales  are  through  resellers,  distributors,  OEMs  and  system  integrators,  all  of  whom  are  considered  end-users.  The  Company  also
generates revenues from services, in which the Company provides network filtering and security services to its customers.

F - 18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle that transfer of control to the Company’s customers should be depicted in
an amount reflecting the consideration the Company expects to receive. As such, the Company identifies a contract with a customer,
identifies  the  performance  obligations  in  the  contract,  determines  the  transaction  price,  allocates  the  transaction  price  to  each
performance obligation in the contract and recognizes revenues when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Some  of  the  Company's  contracts  usually  include  combinations  of  products  and  services,  that  are  capable  of  being  distinct  and
accounted  for  as  separate  performance  obligations.  The  products  are  distinct  as  the  customer  can  derive  the  economic  benefit  of  it
without  any  professional  services,  updates  or  technical  support.  The  Company  allocates  the  transaction  price  to  each  performance
obligation  based  on  its  relative  standalone  selling  price  out  of  the  total  consideration  of  the  contract.  For  support,  the  Company
determines  the  standalone  selling  prices  based  on  the  price  at  which  the  Company  separately  sells  a  renewal  support  contract  on  a
stand-alone  basis.  For  professional  services,  the  Company  determines  the  standalone  selling  prices  based  on  the  price  at  which  the
Company  separately  sells  those  services  on  a  stand-alone  basis.  If  the  standalone  selling  price  is  not  observable,  the  Company
estimates  the  standalone  selling  price  by  taking  into  account  available  information  such  as  geographic  or  regional  specific  factors,
internal costs, profit objectives, and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligation.

Product revenue is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation is being satisfied. Maintenance and support related
revenues  are  deferred  and  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  term  of  the  applicable  maintenance  and  support  agreement.
Professional services are usually recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation is being satisfied.

The Company elected the practical expedient to not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation
at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of the promised goods or services to the
customer will be one year or less.

In certain contracts, the Company provides the customer with financing for a period exceeding the regular credit terms for customers.
In such circumstances, the Company recognizes revenue based on the amount that reflects the price that would have been paid by the
customer in cash on the date of receipt of the goods or services, and the balance is recognized in finance income.

The  Company  also  enters  service  contracts,  in  which  the  Company  provides  security  as  a  service  (SECaaS)  solution  to  operators,
which the Company considers as its customers. The Company's security as a service solution is offered to operators on a Revenue
Share  business  model,  where  both  the  Company  and  the  operator  share  the  revenue  generated  from  the  operator's  subscribers  or  a
monthly  fee  per  user.  Most  of  the  Company's  security  as  a  service  contracts  contain  a  single  performance  obligation  comprised  of
series of distinct goods and services satisfied over time. The contracts consideration is based on usage by the operator's subscribers.
As  such,  the  Company  allocates  the  variable  consideration  in  those  contracts  to  distinct  service  periods  in  which  the  service  is
provided and recognizes revenue for each distinct service period.

F - 19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

Deferred revenue includes amounts received from customers for which revenue has not yet been recognized. Deferred revenues are
classified  as  short  and  long-term  based  on  their  contractual  term  and  recognized  as  (or  when)  the  Company  performs  under  the
contract.

The  portion  of  the  transaction  price  allocated  to  remaining  performance  obligations  represents  contracts  that  have  not  yet  been
recognized  that  include  deferred  revenue  and  amounts  not  yet  received  that  will  be  recognized  as  revenue  in  future  periods.  As  of
December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations that the Company
expects to recognize is $ 59 million of which approximately $ 39 million is estimated to be recognized before December 31, 2024 and
approximately $ 20 million is estimated to be recognized after December 31, 2024.

The  Company  pays  sales  commissions  to  sales  and  marketing  personnel  based  on  their  certain  predetermined  sales  goals.  The
company  evaluates  its  commission  and  capitalize  only  incremental  commissions  costs  which  are  considered  recoverable  costs  of
obtaining  a  contract  with  a  customer.  These  capitalized  sales  commissions  costs  are  amortized  over  a  period  of  benefit  which  is
typically over the term of the customer contracts as initial commission rates are commensurate with the renewal commission rates.
Amortization  expenses  related  to  these  costs  are  included  in  sales  and  marketing  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  and  December  31,  2022  ,  the  deferred  commission  was  $1,572  and  $1,863
accordingly. The amortization of deferred commission for 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $1,239, $1,296 and $1,394. The Company uses
the practical expedient and does not assess the existence of a significant financing component when the difference between payment
and revenue recognition is a year or less.

The Company estimated variable consideration related to product returns based on its experience with historical product returns and
other known factors. Such provisions amounted to $90 and $90 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31,
2023 and 2022, this provision was recorded as part of other payables and accrued expenses.

The Company recognizes term-based license agreements at the point in time when control transfers and the associated maintenance
revenues over the contract period.

n.

Cost of revenues:

Cost of revenues consists primarily of costs of materials and the cost of maintenance and services, resulting from costs associated with
support, customer success and professional services.

F - 20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

o.

Research and development costs:

ALLOT LTD.

Accounting  Standards  Codification  No.  985-20,  requires  capitalization  of  certain  software  development  costs  subsequent  to  the
establishment of technological feasibility.

Based  on  the  Company's  product  development  process,  technological  feasibility  is  established  upon  the  completion  of  a  working
model. The Company does not incur material costs between the completion of a working model and the point at which the products
are ready for general release. Therefore, research and development costs are charged to the consolidated statement of comprehensive
loss as incurred.

p.

Severance pay:

The liability in Israel for substantially all of the Company`s employees in respect of severance pay liability is calculated in accordance
with Section 14 of the Severance Pay Law -1963 (herein- "Section 14"). Section 14 states that Company's contributions for severance
pay  shall  be  in  line  of  severance  compensation  and  upon  release  of  the  policy  to  the  employee,  no  additional  obligations  shall  be
conducted between the parties regarding the matter of severance pay and no additional payments shall be made by the Company to the
employee.

Furthermore, the related obligation and amounts deposited on behalf of such obligation under Section 14, are not stated on the balance
sheet, because pursuant to the current ruling, they are legally released from the obligation to employees once the deposits have been
paid.

There are a limited number of employees in Israel, for whom the Company is liable for severance pay. The Company's liability for
severance pay for its Israeli employees was calculated pursuant to Section 14, based on the most recent monthly salary of its Israeli
employees multiplied by the number of years of employment as of the balance sheet date for such employees.

The Company's liability was partly provided by monthly deposits with severance pay funds and insurance policies and the remainder
by an accrual.

Severance expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, amounted to $ 6,057, $ 3,516 and $ 2,456, respectively.
During  2023,  the  Company  implemented  a  cost  reduction  plan  which  included  separation  of  employees  which  derived  the  2023
severance exepenses.

F - 21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

q.

Accounting for share-based compensation:

ALLOT LTD.

The  Company  accounts  for  share-based  compensation  in  accordance  with  Accounting  Standards  Codification  No.  718,
"Compensation - Stock Compensation" ("ASC No. 718") that requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment
awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is
recognized  as  an  expense  over  the  requisite  service  periods  in  the  Company's  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  loss.  For
graded vesting with only service condition the Company recognizes compensation expenses for the value of its awards based on the
straight-line method over the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures.

A  modification  to  the  terms  of  an  award  should  be  treated  as  an  exchange  of  the  original  award  for  a  new  award  with  total
compensation cost equal to the grant-date fair value of the original award plus the incremental value measured at the same date. Under
ASC  718,  the  calculation  of  the  incremental  value  is  based  on  the  excess  of  the  fair  value  of  the  new  (modified)  award  based  on
current circumstances over the fair value of the original award measured immediately before its terms are modified based on current
circumstances.

The Company estimated the forfeiture rate based on historical forfeitures of equity awards and adjusted the rate to reflect changes in
facts and circumstances if any.

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  total  share-based  compensation  expense  resulting  from  share  options,  restricted  share  units  and
Phantoms  granted  to  employees  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  loss,  for  the  years  ended  December  31,
2023, 2022 and 2021:

Cost of revenues
Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

  $

1,219    $
3,010     
2,651     
1,965     

1,133    $
3,168     
2,943     
1,921     

581 
2,499 
3,212 
1,708 

Total share-based compensation expense

  $

8,845    $

9,165    $

8,000 

During 2023, 2022 and 2021 no options were granted by the Company.

The computations of expected volatility and suboptimal exercise multiple is based on the average of the Company's realized historical
share price. The computation of the suboptimal exercise multiple and the forfeiture rates are based on the grantee's expected exercise
prior and post vesting termination behavior. The interest rate for a period within the contractual life of the award is based on the U.S.
Treasury Bills yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

F - 22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The Company currently has no plans to distribute dividends and intends to retain future earnings to finance the development of its
business.

The expected life of the share options represents the weighted-average period the share options are expected to remain outstanding
and is a derived output of the binomial model. The expected life of the share options is impacted by all of the underlying assumptions
used in the Company's model.

The option pricing model of the of restricted share units ("RSUs") is based on the closing market value of the underlying shares at the
date of grant.

The expected annual pre-vesting forfeiture rate affects the number of vested RSUs. Based on the Company's historical experience, the
pre-vesting is in the range of 0%-30% in the years 2023, 2022 and 2021.

r.

Treasury share:

In the past, the Company repurchased its Ordinary shares on the open market and holds such shares as treasury share. The Company
presents the cost to repurchase treasury share as a reduction of shareholders' equity.

s.

Concentration of credit risks:

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash
equivalents, marketable securities, short-term bank deposits, trade receivables and derivative instruments.

The majority of cash and cash equivalents and short-term deposits of the Company are invested in dollar deposits in major U.S. and
Israeli  banks.  Such  investments  in  the  United  States  may  be  in  excess  of  insured  limits  and  are  not  insured  in  other  jurisdictions.
Generally, the cash and cash equivalents and short-term bank deposits may be redeemed upon demand, and therefore, bear minimal
risk.

Marketable securities include investments in Dollar linked corporate and government bonds. Marketable securities consist of highly
liquid debt instruments with high credit standing. The Company’s investment policy, approved by the Board of Directors, limits the
amount  the  Group  may  invest  in  any  one  type  of  investment  or  issuer,  thereby  reducing  credit  risk  concentrations.  Management
believes  that  the  portfolio  is  well  diversified  and,  accordingly,  minimal  credit  risk  exists  with  respect  to  these  marketable  debt
securities.

The Company's trade receivables are derived from sales to customers located in EMEA, as well as in APAC, Latin America and the
United States. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is limited by credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation and
account monitoring procedures. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and establishes an allowance for
credit losses on a specific basis. Allowance for credit losses amounted to $ 25,253 and $ 2,908 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. See note 2g above.

F - 23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

As of 31.12.2023 we have past due of $2 million.

ALLOT LTD.

The Company utilizes foreign currency forward contracts to protect against risk of overall changes in exchange rates for some of its
currencies exposure. The derivative instruments hedge a portion of the Company's non-dollar currency exposure. Counterparties to the
Company’s derivative instruments are all major financial institutions and its exposure is limited to the amount of any asset resulting
from the forward contracts.

t.

Government grants:

Grants from the Israel Innovation Authority (IIA):

Participation  grants  from  the  Israel  Innovation  Authority  (Previously  known  as  the  Office  of  the  Chief  Scientist)  for  research  and
development activity are recognized at the time the Company is entitled to such grants on the basis of the costs incurred and included
as a deduction of research and development costs. Research and development non royalty bearing grants recognized amounted to $
552, $ 539 and $ (42) in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Grants from the Spain Tax Authorities:

Participation grants from the Spain Tax Authorities for research and development activity are recognized at the time the Company is
entitled to such grants on the basis of the costs incurred and included as a deduction of research and development costs. Research and
development non royalty bearing grants recognized amounted to $ 2,577 and $ 286 in 2023 ,2022 respectively.

u.

Income taxes:

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification No. 740, "Income Taxes" ("ASC No.
740").  ASC  No.  740  prescribes  the  use  of  the  liability  method,  whereby  deferred  tax  asset  and  liability  account  balances  are
determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted
tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.

The  Company  provides  a  valuation  allowance,  if  necessary,  to  reduce  deferred  tax  assets  to  their  estimated  realizable  value  if  it  is
more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are
classified to non-current assets and liabilities, respectively.

F - 24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

ASC No. 740 contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring a liability for uncertain tax positions. The first step is to
evaluate the tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that
it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation of the technical merits, the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution
of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than
50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company classifies interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in taxes on
income.

v.

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:

Basic  net  income  (loss)  per  share  is  computed  based  on  the  weighted  average  number  of  Ordinary  Shares  outstanding  during  each
year. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding during
each  year,  plus  dilutive  potential  Ordinary  Shares  considered  outstanding  during  the  year,  in  accordance  with  FASB  ASC  260
"Earnings Per Share".

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, all outstanding options and RSUs have been excluded from the calculation of
the diluted net loss per share since their effect was anti-dilutive. The amount of those options and RSU’s was: 2,665,194, 2,735,125,
2,613,894 respectively.

w.

Comprehensive loss:

The  Company  accounts  for  comprehensive  loss  in  accordance  with  Accounting  Standards  Codification  No.  220,  "Comprehensive
Income"  ("ASC  No.  220").  This  statement  establishes  standards  for  the  reporting  and  display  of  comprehensive  loss  and  its
components in a full set of general purpose financial statements. Comprehensive loss represents all changes in shareholders' equity
during the period except those resulting from investments by, or distributions to shareholders. The Company determined that its items
of other comprehensive loss relate to unrealized gains and losses on hedging derivative instruments and unrealized gains and losses on
available-for-sale marketable securities.

F - 25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The following table shows the components and the effects on net loss of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive
loss as of December 31, 2023:

Year ended
December 31, 2023
Unrealized
gains
(losses) on
cash flow
hedges

Unrealized
gain
(losses) on
marketable
securities    

Total

  $

(40)   $
41     

(1,214)   $
(960)    

(1,254)
(919)

-     
-     
-     
-     

475     
1,198     
542     
441     

475 
1,198 
542 
441 

Balance as of December 31, 2022
Changes in other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to:
Cost of revenues
Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative

Net current-period other comprehensive loss

41     

1,696     

1,737 

Balance as of December 31, 2023

  $

1    $

482    $

483 

There was no income tax expense or benefit allocated to other comprehensive income, including reclassification adjustments for the
year ended December 31, 2023.

x.

Fair value of financial instruments:

The carrying amounts of short-term bank deposits, trade receivables, other receivables, trade payables and other payables approximate
their fair value due to the short-term maturities of such instruments.

The Company measures its cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, derivative instruments and earn-out considerations at fair
value.  Fair  value  is  an  exit  price,  representing  the  amount  that  would  be  received  if  the  Company  were  to  sell  an  asset  or  paid  to
transfer  a  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants.  As  such,  fair  value  is  a  market-based  measurement  that
should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability.

The  Company  uses  a  three-tier  value  hierarchy,  which  prioritizes  the  inputs  used  in  the  valuation  methodologies  in  measuring  fair
value:

Level 1 -

Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

F - 26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

Level 2 -

Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace, other than quoted prices included in
Level  1,  such  as  quoted  prices  for  similar  assets  or  liabilities  in  active  markets,  quoted  prices  for  identical  or  similar
assets  or  liabilities  in  markets  with  insufficient  volume  or  infrequent  transactions,  or  other  inputs  that  are  observable
(model-derived  valuations  in  which  significant  inputs  are  observable),  or  can  be  derived  principally  from  or
corroborated by observable market data; and

Level 3 -

Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The Company categorized each of its fair value measurements in one of those three levels of hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy also
requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The  Company  measures  its  marketable  securities  and  foreign  currency  derivative  contracts  at  fair  value.  Marketable  securities  and
foreign  currency  derivative  contracts  are  classified  within  Level  2  as  the  valuation  inputs  are  based  on  quoted  prices  and  market
observable data of similar instruments.

The Company's earn-out considerations were classified within Level 3. This year, the valuation methodology used by the Company to
calculate  the  fair  value  consideration  is  the  discounted  cash  flow  using  purchase  method  by  taking  into  account,  forecast  future
revenues. According to the management there are no estimation for future revenues and therefore the earn-out fair value measurement
is nil. As of December 31, 2022 the fair value of the earn-out was $ 656.

y.

Derivatives and hedging:

The Company accounts for derivatives and hedging based on Accounting Standards Codification No. 815, "Derivatives and Hedging"
("ASC No. 815").

The  Company  accounts  for  its  derivative  instruments  as  either  assets  or  liabilities  and  carries  them  at  fair  value.  Derivative
instruments that are not designated and qualified as hedging instruments must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For highly
effective derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are designated as cash flow
hedges. Gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in
shareholders' equity and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.

F - 27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

z.

Business combinations:

ALLOT LTD.

The  Company  accounts  for  business  combinations  in  accordance  with  ASC  No.  805.  ASC  No.  805  requires  recognition  of  assets
acquired, liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date. Any
excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the purchase price is recorded as goodwill and any subsequent changes in estimated
contingencies are to be recorded in earnings. In addition, changes in valuation allowance related to acquired deferred tax assets and
acquired income tax positions are to be recognized in earnings.

aa.

Lease:

The  Company  determines  if  an  arrangement  is  a  lease  and  the  classification  of  that  lease  at  inception  based  on:  (1)  whether  the
contract involves the use of an identified asset, (2) whether the Company obtains the right to substantially all the economic benefits
from the use of the asset throughout lease period, and (3) whether the Company has a right to direct the use of the asset. The Company
elected  to  not  recognize  a  lease  liability  and  a  right-of-use  (“ROU”)  asset  for  leases  with  a  term  of  twelve  months  or  less.  The
Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for its leases.

ROU  assets  represent  the  right  to  use  an  underlying  asset  for  the  lease  term  and  lease  liabilities  represent  the  obligation  to  make
minimum  lease  payments  arising  from  the  lease.  ROU  assets  are  initially  measured  at  amounts,  which  represents  the  discounted
present  value  of  the  lease  payments  over  the  lease,  plus  any  initial  direct  costs  incurred.  The  lease  liability  is  initially  measured  at
lease commencement date based on the discounted present value of minimum lease payments over the lease term. The implicit rate
within  the  company's  operating  leases  is  generally  not  determinable,  therefore  the  Company  uses  it’s  Incremental  Borrowing  Rate
(“IBR”)  based  on  the  information  available  at  commencement  date  in  determining  the  present  value  of  lease  payments.  The
Company’s  IBR  is  estimated  to  approximate  the  interest  rate  for  collateralized  borrowing  with  similar  terms  and  payments  and  in
economic environments where the leased asset is located. Certain leases include options to extend or terminate the lease.

An option to extend the lease is considered in connection with determining the ROU asset and lease liability when it is reasonably
certain  that  the  Company  will  exercise  that  option.  An  option  to  terminate  is  considered  unless  it  is  reasonably  certain  that  the
Company will not exercise the option.

Payments  under  our  lease  arrangements  are  primarily  fixed,  however,  certain  lease  agreements  include  rental  payments  that  are
adjusted  periodically  for  the  consumer  price  index  ("CPI").  The  ROU  and  lease  liability  were  calculated  using  the  CPI  as  of  the
commencement date and will not be subsequently adjusted, unless the liability is reassessed for other reasons. Other variable lease
payments are primarily comprised of payments affected by common area maintenance and utility charges.

F - 28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 2: - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

ab. Warranty costs:

ALLOT LTD.

The Company generally provides three months software and a one-year hardware assurance for its products. A provision is recorded
for estimated warranty costs at the time revenues are recognized based on the Company's experience. Warranty expenses for the years
ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were immaterial.

ac.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements:

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-07,  Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to  Reportable  Segment
Disclosures.  The  amendments  in  this  update  improve  reportable  segment  disclosure  requirements,  primarily  through  enhanced
disclosures about significant segment expenses. Specifically, the new guidance requires disclosure, on an annual and interim basis, of
significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, and an amount for other segment items
by reportable segment, with a description of its composition. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements,
clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, and provide new segment disclosure
requirements for entities with a single reportable segment. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023,
and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently
evaluating the impact of the amendments to its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In  December  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-09,  Income  Taxes  (Topic  740):  Improvements  to  Income  Tax  Disclosures.  The
amendments in this update require entities to disclose specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and provide additional
information for reconciling items where the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5% of the amount computed by
multiplying pretax income/loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate. In addition, entities are required to disclose the year-to-
date amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by jurisdictions. This ASU is effective for annual periods
beginning  after  December  15,  2024  with  early  adoption  permitted.  The  Company  is  currently  evaluating  the  impact  of  these
amendments on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

F - 29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 3: - AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE MARKETABLE SECURITIES

The following is a summary of available-for-sale marketable securities:

ALLOT LTD.

Available-for-sale -

matures within one
year:
Governmental
debentures

Corporate

debentures

Available-for-sale -
matures after one
year through three
years:
Governmental
debentures

Corporate

debentures

December 31, 2023
Gross
Gross
unrealized
unrealized
loss
gain

Amortized
cost

Fair
value    

Amortized
cost

December 31, 2022
Gross
Gross
unrealized
unrealized
loss
gain

Fair
value  

 $

28,495   $

357    

28,852    

-    

-    

-    

9   $

-    

9    

-    

-    

-    

-   $ 28,504   $

-   $

(8)   

349    

4,029    

(8)    28,853    

4,029    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

304    

304    

-   $

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-   $

- 

(37)   

3,992 

(37)   

3,992 

-    

- 

(3)   

301 

(3)   

301 

 $

28,852   $

9   $

(8)  $ 28,853   $

4,333   $

-   $

(40)  $

4,293 

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had no investments with a significant unrealized loss for more than 12 months.

As of December 31,2023, no credit loss impairment was recorded regarding the available for sale marketable securities.

NOTE 4: - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

In accordance with ASC No. 820, the Company measures its marketable securities and foreign currency derivative instruments at fair value.
Cash equivalents and available for sale marketable securities are classified within Level 1 or Level 2. This is because these assets are valued
using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs.

This year, the earn-out liability related to the acquisitions of Keepers are classified within Level 3 because these liabilities were based on
present value calculations and an external valuation model whose inputs include market interest rates, estimated operational capitalization
rates and volatilities. The fair value of the consideration was determined according to discounted cash flow.

F - 30

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
  
 
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
  
  
 
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
  
 
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 4: - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The  Company's  financial  net  assets  measured  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis,  including  accrued  interest  components,  consisted  of  the
following types of instruments as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively:

Assets:
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Foreign currency derivative contracts

Liabilities:
Earn-out liability
Foreign currency derivative contracts

As of December 31, 2023
Fair value measurements using input type

Level 1     Level 2

    Level 3    

Total

  $

-    $
-     

28,853    $
650     

-    $
-     

28,853 
650 

-     
-     

-     
(106)    

-     
-     

- 
(106)

Total financial net assets

  $

-    $

29,397    $

-    $

29,397 

Assets:
Available-for-sale marketable securities
Foreign currency derivative contracts

Liabilities:
Earn-out liability
Foreign currency derivative contracts

As of December 31, 2022
Fair value measurements using input type

Level 1     Level 2

    Level 3    

Total

  $

-    $
-     

-     
-     

4,293    $
23     

-    $
-     

4,293 
23 

-     
(901)    

(656)    
-     

(656)
(901)

Total financial net assets

  $

-    $

3,415    $

(656)   $

2,759 

Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

Balance at January 1, 2023

 Earn Out liability – Keepers

Balance at December 31, 2023

F - 31

  $

656 

(656)

  $

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
   
      
      
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
   
      
      
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
   
  
   
 
   
  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 5: - DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

ALLOT LTD.

The Company enters into hedge transactions with a major financial institution, using derivative instruments, primarily forward contracts and
options to purchase and sell foreign currencies, in order to reduce the net currency exposure associated with anticipated expenses (primarily
salaries and related expenses that are designated as cash flow hedges), trade receivables and forecasted revenues denominated in currencies
other than U.S. dollar.

The Company currently hedges such future exposures for a maximum period of two years. However, the Company may choose not to hedge
certain foreign currency exchange exposures for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to immateriality, accounting considerations
and the prohibitive economic cost of hedging particular exposures. There can be no assurance the hedges will offset more than a portion of
the financial impact resulting from movements in foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company records all derivatives on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value in accordance with ASC No. 820 at Level 2. Cash flow
hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The Company does not enter into
derivative transactions for trading purposes. The net income (loss) recognized in "Financial income (expense), net" during the years ended
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $(42), $1,520 and $1,272, respectively.

The Company had a net unrealized gain (loss) associated with cash flow hedges of $ 482 and $(1,214) recorded in other comprehensive loss
as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had outstanding hedge transactions in the
net amount of $ 17,245 and $ 33,711, respectively.

The fair value of the outstanding foreign exchange contracts recorded by the Company on its consolidated balance sheets as of December 31,
2023 and 2022, as assets and liabilities are as follows:

Foreign exchange forward and
options contracts

Balance sheet

December 31,

2023

2022

Fair value of foreign exchange hedge

transactions

Fair value of foreign exchange hedge

transactions

Total derivatives designated as hedging

instruments

  Other receivables and prepaid expenses

  $

537    $

12 

  Other payables and accrued expenses

(55)    

(838)

Other Comprehensive profit (loss)

$

482

$

(1,214)

Gain  or  loss  on  the  derivative  instruments,  which  partially  offset  the  foreign  currency  impact  from  the  underlying  exposures,  reclassified
from other comprehensive loss to cost of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 were $ (474) and $ (503), respectively. The
amount  reclassified  from  other  comprehensive  loss  to  Research  and  development  expenses  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022
were $ (1,196) and $ (1,955), respectively. The amount reclassified from other comprehensive loss to Sales and marketing expenses for the
years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 were $ (540) and $ (1,210), respectively.

F - 32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
     
 
   
 
 
 
   
      
  
 
 
   
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 5: - DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The amount reclassified from other comprehensive loss to General and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022
were $ (440) and $ (509), respectively.

Non-designated hedges:

The Company also uses foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate variability in gains and losses generated from the re-measurement of
certain  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies.  These  derivatives  do  not  qualify  for  special  hedge  accounting
treatment.  These  derivatives  are  carried  at  fair  value  with  changes  recorded  in  financial  income,  net.  Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  these
derivatives are largely offset by the re-measurement of the underlying assets and liabilities. The derivatives have maturities of up to twelve
months.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s outstanding non-hedge transactions were $ 12,459 and $ 11,949, respectively.

The fair value of the outstanding non-designated foreign exchange contracts recorded by the Company on its consolidated balance sheets as
of December 31, 2023 and 2022, as assets and liabilities are as follows:

Foreign exchange forward and
options contracts

Balance sheet

December 31,

2023

2022

Fair value of foreign exchange non-designated

hedge transactions

  Other receivables and prepaid expenses

  $

113    $

Fair value of foreign exchange non-designated

hedge transactions

  Other payables and accrued expenses

(51)    

11 

(63)

Total derivatives non-designated as hedging

instruments

NOTE 6: - OTHER RECEIVABLES AND PREPAID EXPENSES

Prepaid expenses
Government authorities
Accrued interest
Foreign currency derivative contracts
Short-term deposits
Others

F - 33

$

62

$

(52)

December 31,

2023

2022

  $

5,890    $
988     
591     
650     
145     
173     

4,560 
2,108 
1,059 
23 
163 
72 

  $

8,437    $

7,985 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
     
 
   
 
 
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 7: -

INVENTORIES

Raw materials
Finished goods

ALLOT LTD.

December 31,

2023

2022

  $

1,656    $
10,218     

2,003 
11,259 

  $

11,874    $

13,262 

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the finished products line item above includes deferral of the cost of goods sold for which revenue was
not yet recognized in the amount of approximately $ 1,788 and $ 1,729, respectively.

NOTE 8: - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Cost:

Lab equipment
Computers and peripheral equipment
Office furniture and equipment
Leasehold improvements
SECaaS equipment

Accumulated depreciation:

Lab equipment
Computers and peripheral equipment
Office furniture and equipment
Leasehold improvements
SECaaS equipment

  $

December 31,

2023

2022

12,750    $
11,353     
1,438     
2,990     
8,036     

19,711 
11,856 
1,568 
3,039 
7,722 

36,567     

43,896 

9,835     
9,041     
535     
1,692     
4,275     

16,037 
8,239 
589 
1,453 
3,342 

25,378     

29,660 

Depreciated cost

  $

11,189    $

14,236 

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $ 5,536, $ 6,406 and $ 4,635, respectively.

F - 34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
 
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
 
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
 
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 9: -

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

a.

The following table shows the Company's intangible assets for the periods presented:

ALLOT LTD.

Gross Carrying Amount:

 Technology
Backlog
Customer relationships
Software license
IP R&D

Accumulated amortization:

 Technology
Backlog
Customer relationships
Software license
IP R&D

Net Carrying Amount:

December 31,

2023

2022

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

10,113 
1,877 
3,592 
1,651 
3,659 

10,113 
1,877 
3,592 
1,651 
3,659 

20,892 

 $

20,892 

 $

10,113 
1,877 
3,592 
1,651 
2,744 

9,117 
1,877 
3,592 
660 
2,135 

19,977 

 $

17,381 

915 

 $

3,511 

b.

c.

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $ 982, $ 946 and $ 940, respectively.

Estimated amortization expense for the years ending:

Year ending December 31,

2024
2025

Total

F - 35

  $

  $

610 
305 

915 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
 
   
     
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 10: - OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses
Deferred revenues from IIA
Onerous contract liability
Government authorities
Foreign currency derivative contracts
Holdback and contingent earnout
Provision for returns
Others

ALLOT LTD.

  $

December 31,

2023

2022

5,964    $
302     
551     
2,108     
106     
299     
90     
108     

7,056 
110 
- 
1,955 
901 
1,216 
90 
96 

  $

9,528    $

11,424 

NOTE 11: - LEASES

The Group's facilities are leased under several lease agreements.

In addition, the Company has various operating lease agreements with respect to motor vehicles.

Lease expenses of office rent and vehicles for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were approximately $ 3,545, $ 3,784 and $
3,141, respectively. Expenses for short- term leases in 2023 were $ 229, $ 82 and $ 92, respectively. Variable lease costs for the years ended
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $ 831, $ 813 and $732, respectively.

The following table represents the weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate:

Weighted average remaining lease term
Weighted average discount rate

Year ended December
31,

2023

2022

  1.5 years     2.1 years  
1.49%  

2.10%    

The discount rate was determined based on the estimated collateralized borrowing rate of the Company, adjusted to the specific lease term
and location of each lease.

Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities during the years ended 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $4,152, $2,843, and
$3,253, respectively.

F - 36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 11: - LEASES (Cont.)

Maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:

Year ending December 31,

2024
2025
2026

Total lease payments

Less - imputed interest

Present value of lease liabilities

ALLOT LTD.

  $

1,465 
673 
64 

2,202 

(47)

  $

2,155 

The  Company  elected  to  not  recognize  a  lease  liability  and  a  right-of-use  (“ROU”)  asset  for  leases  with  a  term  of  twelve  months  or  less
During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021  the  short-term  maturities  of  operating  lease  liabilities  with  a  term  of  twelve
months or less were $ 195, $ 126 and $ 116.

NOTE 12: - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

a.

Liens and guarantees:

As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  has  provided  bank  guarantees  in  respect  of  performance  obligation  to  customers  in  an
aggregate amount of approximately $ 903, in addition to bank guarantees in favor of leases agreements in an aggregate amount of
approximately $ 398.

b.

Litigations:

On November 2, 2021 two founders and six employees of Netonomy Ltd., a company acquired by Allot in January, 2018, filed a civil
claim against Allot (the “plaintiffs”), alleging that Allot breached certain clauses of the share acquisition agreement claiming damages
in  the  amount  of  app.  $  834.  Allot  has  filed  its  defense  statement  refuting  all  claims  and  denying  any  breach  and  obligation  to
compensate. As of December 31, 2022, the results of this claim were uncertain. On March 6, 2023 the Company signed a settlement
agreement with the two founders according to which the Company paid both founders an amount of $ 260 and the founders waived
their claim.

There are ongoing legal proceedings against the rest.

F - 37

 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
  
   
 
   
  
   
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 13: - SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

a.

Company's shares:

ALLOT LTD.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Company's  authorized  share  capital  consists  of  NIS  20,000,000  divided  into  200,000,000  Ordinary
Shares,  par  value  NIS  0.1  per  share.  Ordinary  Shares  confer  on  their  holders  the  right  to  receive  notice  to  participate  and  vote  in
general meetings of the Company, the right to a share in the excess of assets upon liquidation of the Company, and the right to receive
dividends if declared.

b.

Share option plan:

A summary of the Company's share option activity, pertaining to its option plans for employees and related information is as follows:

2023

Year ended December 31,
2022

2021

Number
of shares
upon

exercise    

Weighted
average
exercise
price

Number
of shares
upon

exercise    

Weighted
average
exercise
price

Number
of shares
upon

exercise    

Weighted
average
exercise
price

Outstanding at beginning of

year
Forfeited
Exercised

487,839    $
(72,480)   $
(1,364)   $

5.96     
9.04     
0.03     

675,986    $
(139,494)   $
(48,653)   $

7.99      1,134,256    $
(30,861)   $
16.08     
(427,409)   $
5.01     

7.68 
16.78 
6.54 

Outstanding at end of year

413,995    $

5.44     

487,839    $

5.96     

675,986    $

7.99 

Exercisable at end of year

413,995    $

5.44     

487,839    $

5.96     

660,986    $

8.04 

Vested and expected to vest

413,995    $

5.44     

487,839    $

5.96     

675,584    $

7.99 

The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total intrinsic value (the difference between the Company's closing share price on the last
trading day of the fiscal years 2023, 2022 and 2021 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that
would have been received by the option holders if all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021,
respectively.  This  amount  may  change  based  on  the  fair  market  value  of  the  Company's  share.  The  total  intrinsic  value  of  options
outstanding as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, were $ 0, $ 10 and $ 3,481, respectively.

The total intrinsic value of exercisable options as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, were approximately $ 1, $ 10 and $ 3,392 ,
respectively.  The  total  intrinsic  value  of  options  vested  and  expected  to  vest  as  of  December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  were
approximately $ 0, $ 10 and $ 3,479, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options outstanding as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and
2021, were approximately $ 0, $ 10 and $ 3,481, respectively.

F - 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 13: - SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The  total  intrinsic  value  (the  difference  between  the  Company's  closing  share  price  on  the  exercise  date  and  the  exercise  price)  of
options  exercised  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021  were  approximately  $  93,  $  93  and  $  4,113  ,
respectively.  The  number  of  options  vested  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  was  0.  The  weighted-average  remaining
contractual life of the outstanding options as of December 31, 2023, is 0.51 years. The weighted-average remaining contractual life of
exercisable options as of December 31, 2023, is 0.51 years.

The following provides a summary of the restricted share unit activity for the Company for the two years ended December 31, 2023:

Year ended December 31,

2023

2022

Number
of shares
upon

exercise    

Weighted
average
share price   

Number
of shares
upon

exercise    

Weighted
average
share price 

    2,255,620    $
    1,330,500    $
    (1,005,532)   $
(316,889)   $

8.52      1,937,908    $
2.47      1,473,400    $
(829,910)   $
2.19     
(325,778)   $
2.38     

12.92 
5.22 
15.82 
5.78 

Outstanding at beginning of year
Granted
Vested
Forfeited

Unvested at end of year

    2,263,699    $

4.95      2,255,620    $

8.52 

As of December 31, 2023, $ 8,134,803 unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs is expected to be recognized over a weighted
average vesting period of 1.62 years.

Under the terms of the above option plans, options may be granted to employees, officers, directors and various service providers of
the Company and its subsidiaries. The options vest over a four-year period, subject to the continued employment of the employee. The
options generally expire no later than ten years from the date of the grant. The exercise price of the options at the date of grant under
the plans may not be less than the nominal value of the shares into which such options are exercised, any options, which are forfeited
or cancelled before expiration, become available for future grants. As of December 31, 2023, 252,548 Ordinary shares are available
for future issuance under the option plans.

The Company granted 1,330,500 and 1,473,400 RSUs in 2023 and 2022, respectively under the 2016 option plan. RSUs vest over a
period of between three  to  four  years,  subject  to  the  continued  employment  of  the  employee.  RSUs  that  are  cancelled  or  forfeited
become available for future grants.

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME

a.

Corporate tax rates:

The Israeli corporate income tax rate was 23% in 2023, 2022 and 2021.

F - 39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

b.

Foreign Exchange Regulations:

ALLOT LTD.

Commencing in taxable year 2012, the Company has elected to measure its taxable income and file its tax return under the Israeli
Income  Tax  Regulations  (Principles  Regarding  the  Management  of  Books  of  Account  of  Foreign  Invested  Companies  and  Certain
Partnerships and the Determination of Their Taxable Income) 1986 ("Foreign Exchange Regulations"). Under the Foreign Exchange
Regulations,  an  Israeli  company  must  calculate  its  tax  liability  in  U.S.  Dollars  according  to  certain  rules.  The  tax  liability,  as
calculated in U.S. Dollars is translated into NIS according to the exchange rate as of December 31st of each year.

c.

Pre-tax income (loss) is comprised as follows:

Domestic
Foreign

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

  $

(64,360)   $
2,640     

(32,826)   $
2,691     

(15,419)
2,230 

  $

(61,720)   $

(30,135)   $

(13,189)

F - 40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

d.

A reconciliation of the theoretical tax expenses, assuming all income is taxed at the statutory tax rate applicable to the income of the
Company and the actual tax expenses is as follows:

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

Loss before taxes on income

  $

(61,720)   $

(30,135)   $

(13,189)

Theoretical tax income computed at the Israeli statutory tax rate (23% for

the years 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively)

  $

(14,196)   $

(6,931)   $

(3,034)

Changes in valuation allowance

13,131     

4,116     

2,604 

Write off of prepaid and withholding taxes
Foreign tax rates differences related to subsidiaries
Non-deductible expenses and exempt income
Capital note and inter-company balances release taxes
Other expenses and Exchange rate differences
Non-deductible share-based compensation expense
Change in uncertain tax positions

749     
20     
(269)    
-     
(37)    
1,586     
100     

1,388     
46     
512     
544     
195     
1,925     
100     

875 
14 
71 
100 
488 
633 
100 

Actual tax expense

  $

1,084    $

1,895    $

1,851 

F - 41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

e.

Taxes on income

Income tax expense is comprised as follows:

ALLOT LTD.

Year ended December 31,
2022

2023

2021

Current taxes
Deferred taxes expense
Taxes in respect of previous years
Write off of prepaid and withholding taxes
Change in expense associated with tax positions for current year

  $

248    $
-     
(13)    
749     
100     

391    $
-     
16     
1,388     
100     

334 
420 
122 
875 
100 

  $

1,084    $

1,895    $

1,851 

Taxes on income by jurisdiction were as follows:

Year ended December 31,
2022

2023

2021

Domestic
Foreign

Total

Domestic
Taxes in respect of previous years
Write off of prepaid and withholding taxes

Total Domestic

Foreign
Current taxes
Deferred taxes expense
Taxes in respect of previous years
Write off of prepaid and withholding taxes
Change in expense associated with tax positions for current year

Total foreign

Total income tax expense (benefit)

F - 42

  $

822    $
262     

1,129    $
766     

973 
878 

  $

1,084    $

1,895    $

1,851 

  $

  $

 $

 $

 $

-    $
822     

(20)   $
1,149     

822    $

1,129    $

248   $
-    
(13)   
(73)   
100    

391   $
-    
36    
239    
100    

262   $

766   $

37 
936 

973 

334 
420 
85 
(61)
100 

878 

1,084   $

1,895   $

1,851 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
   
     
     
 
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
   
     
     
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
     
     
  
 
  
     
     
  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

f.

Net operating losses carry forward:

ALLOT LTD.

The Company has accumulated net operating losses for Israeli tax purposes as of December 31, 2023, in the amount of approximately
$ 118,905, which may be carried forward and offset against taxable income in the future for an indefinite period. As of December 31,
2023, the Company recorded a full valuation allowance with respect to its net deferred tax assets in Allot Ltd. and wrote-off prepaid
and  withholding  taxes  of  $  6,297  as  the  Company  does  not  expect  to  utilize  these  tax  assets  in  the  near  future.  In  addition,  the
Company has accumulated capital losses for tax purposes as of December 31, 2023, of approximately $ 27,191, which may be carried
forward and offset against taxable capital gains in the future for an indefinite period. Management currently believes that since the
Company has a history of losses, and uncertainty with respect to future taxable income, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax
assets  regarding  the  loss  carry  forwards  will  not  be  utilized  in  the  foreseeable  future.  Thus,  a  valuation  allowance  was  provided  to
reduce deferred tax assets to their realizable value.

The U.S. subsidiary has accumulated losses for U.S. federal income tax return purposes of approximately $ 1,615 and $ 5,414 for state
taxes.  The  federal  accumulated  losses  for  tax  purposes  expire  between  2027  and  2038.  As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Company
recorded a valuation allowance with respect to its deferred tax assets in the US Subsidiary.

A portion of the losses are subject to limitations of Internal Revenue Code, Section 382, which in general provides that utilization of
net operating losses is subject to an annual limitation if an ownership change results from transactions increasing the ownership of
certain shareholders or public groups in the share of a corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. The
annual limitations may result in the expiration of losses before utilization.

F - 43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

g.

Deferred income taxes:

ALLOT LTD.

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for
financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  income  tax  purposes.  Significant  components  of  the  Company's  deferred
income taxes are as follows:

Deferred tax assets:

Operating and capital loss carryforwards
Research and development
Employee benefits
Intangible assets
Operating lease liabilities
Stock based compensation expenses
Onerous contract
Prepaid and withholding taxes
Other temporary differences

Deferred tax asset before valuation allowance
Valuation allowance
Deferred tax asset net of valuation allowance

Deferred tax liability:
Intangible assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets

Net deferred tax asset

 $

December 31,

2023

2022

34,420   $
8,423    
1,522    
353    
496    
1,733    
127    
6,297    
543    

25,962 
10,260 
1,286 
77 
1,178 
1,481 
- 
5,702 
563 

53,914    
(49,928)   
3,986    

46,509 
(41,917)
4,592 

3,284    
702    

3,354 
1,239 

 $

-   $

- 

As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  has  provided  a  valuation  allowance  of  approximately  $50  million  in  respect  of  the
Company’s  deferred  tax  assets  resulting  from  tax  loss  carryforwards  and  other  temporary  differences.  Realization  of  deferred  tax
assets is dependent upon future earnings, if any, the time and amount of which are uncertain. As the Company has accumulated net
operating losses for Israeli tax purposes as of December 31, 2023, in the amount of approximately $118,905, so it is more likely than
not that sufficient taxable income will not be available for the tax losses to be utilized in the future. Therefore, a valuation allowance
was recorded to reduce the deferred tax assets to nil.

Non-Israeli  subsidiaries  are  taxed  according  to  the  tax  laws  in  their  respective  countries  of  residence.  Deferred  taxes  were  not
provided for undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Currently, the Company does not intend to distribute any
amounts  of  its  undistributed  earnings  as  dividends.  Accordingly,  no  deferred  income  taxes  have  been  provided  in  respect  of  these
subsidiaries.  If  these  earnings  were  distributed  to  Israel  in  the  form  of  dividends  or  otherwise,  the  Company  would  be  subject  to
additional Israeli income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and foreign withholding taxes.

F - 44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
     
  
  
  
  
 
  
     
  
  
     
  
  
  
 
  
     
  
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 14: - TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

As of December 31, 2023, $ 5,220 of undistributed earnings held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are designated as indefinitely
reinvested. If these earnings were re-patriated to Israel, they would be subject to income taxes and to an adjustment for foreign tax
credits  and  foreign  withholding  taxes  in  the  amount  of  $771.  The  Company  did  not  recognize  deferred  taxes  liabilities  on
undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries, as the Company intends to indefinitely reinvest those earnings.

h.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company have an outstanding provision for uncertain tax position in the amount of $ 1,043
and $ 943, respectively.

The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, the Company or one or more of its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the
U.S.  federal  jurisdiction  and  various  states  and  foreign  jurisdictions.  In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Company  is  subject  to
examination  by  taxing  authorities  throughout  the  world,  including  such  major  jurisdictions  as  Israel,  France,  Spain,  Japan  and  the
United  States.  With  a  few  exceptions,  the  Company  is  no  longer  subject  to  Israeli  tax  assessment  through  the  year  2020  and  the
Spanish and U.S. subsidiaries have final tax assessments through 2018 and 2019, respectively.

NOTE 15: - GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Allot operates in a single reportable segment. Revenues are based on the location of the Company's channel partners which are considered as
end customers, as well as direct customers of the Company:

Europe
Asia and Oceania
Americas
Middle East and Africa (*)

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

  $

39,945    $
20,547     
16,542     
16,116     

41,773    $
29,888     
21,791     
29,285     

58,414 
44,227 
19,391 
23,568 

  $

93,150    $

122,737    $

145,600 

(*) As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, 1% from total revenues represent revenues in Israel

F - 45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 15: - GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (Cont.)

ALLOT LTD.

The following table sets forth the customers that represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues in each of the periods set forth
below:

1st Customer

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

15%   

15%   

-     

-     

11%

11%

A total percentage of 77%, 77% and 72% of the Company’s revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively
are attributed to network intelligence solutions, while 23%, 23% and 28% are attributed to security solutions for the years ended December
31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The following presents total long-lived assets, including right-of-use assts, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

Long-lived assets:

Israel
Other

NOTE 16: - FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSES), NET

December 31,

2023

2022

  $

13,431    $
815     

18,472 
1,151 

  $

14,246    $

19,623 

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

Financial income:
Interest income
Amortization/accretion of premium/discount on marketable securities, net
Exchange rate differences and other

  $

2,341    $
732     
214     

1,880    $
-     
292     

1,045 
- 
- 

Financial expenses:

Exchange rate differences and other
institutions interest Expenses
Amortization/accretion of premium/discount on marketable securities, net

-     
72     
-     

-     
-     
38     

  $

3,215    $

2,134    $

F - 46

630 
- 
76 

339

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
 
   
  
   
      
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 17: - RELATED PARTIES BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS

ALLOT LTD.

a. The Company acquired services from Galil Software Ltd. (“Galil”), a related party as part of a service agreement between them which
was approved by the board of directors of the Company. Galil is owned by a member of the board of directors of the Company. The
Company recorded expenses related to services received from Galil amounting to approximately $ 325 and $ 993 for the years ended
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

In  addition,  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  Company  had  outstanding  balances  due  to  Galil  in  amounts  of  $  24  and  $  93,
respectively.these balances are presented in other payables account on the balance sheet.

b. Lynrock Lake Master Fund LP (“Lynrock”) is a Major Sharholder of the Company’s ordinary shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.
As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  had  an  outstanding  senior  unsecured  promissory  note  in  an  aggregate  principal  amount  of  $
40,000 (the “Note”) issued to Linrock, see note 18 below. The Company recorded amortization expenses related to the issuance costs of
the notes during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, in amountes of $ 198 and $ 171, respectively.

In addition, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had Convertible debt balances due to its Note in amounts of approximately
$ 39,773 and $ 39,575, respectively.

NOTE 18: - CONVERTIBLE NOTES

On February 14, 2022, the Company issued to Lynrock a senior unsecured promissory note in an aggregate principal amount of $ 40,000.
The Note is convertible into the company's ordinary shares at an initial conversion rate of 97.0874 ordinary shares per $1,000 of the principal
amount being converted (based on an initial conversion price equal to $10.30 per ordinary share). The conversion price decreases by up to
two $1 increments if the company elects to extend the maturity of the Note by up to two successive years following the initial maturity date
of February 14, 2025.

In event of a change of control (as defined in the note), the holder of the note has the right to require the company to convert all or a portion
of the note to ordinary shares or redeem all (but not less than all) of the outstanding principal amount of the note.

In the event of such a conversion or redemption in connection with a change in control, the company will also be required to pay the holder
an  amount  in  cash  equal  to  6%  per  annum  on  the  then-outstanding  principal  amount  of  the  note  from  the  date  of  such  conversion  or
redemption trough the maturity date, as it may have been extended.

F - 47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data

NOTE 18: - CONVERTIBLE NOTES (Cont.)

The Convertible Notes consisted of the following as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

Liability:
Principal
Unamortized issuance costs

Net carrying amount

ALLOT LTD.

December 31,

2023

2022

  $

40,000    $
(227)    

40,000 
(425)

  $

39,773    $

39,575 

As of the issuing date, the company recorded the issuance costs related to the Note in amount of $596 as a deduction of the liability which
will be amortized over 3 years with an annual effective interest rate of the net liability is 0.14%.

The company recorded amortization expenses related to the issuance costs during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 in amountes
of $ 198 and $ 171, respectively.

F - 48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
      
  
 
 
EXHIBIT 2.2 

DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES
REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1934 

The  following  description  sets  forth  certain  material  terms  and  provisions  of  Allot  Ltd.’s  (the  “Company”)  securities  that  are  registered  under

Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 

DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL 

This description summarizes relevant provisions of the Israeli Companies Law, 5759-1999, or the Companies Law.  The following summary does
not  purport  to  be  complete  and  is  subject  to,  and  is  qualified  in  its  entirety  by  reference  to,  the  applicable  provisions  of  the  Companies  Law  and  the
Company’s articles of association, a copy of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 20-F of which this Exhibit 2.2
is a part.  The Company encourages you to read its articles of association and the applicable provisions of the Companies Law for additional information. 

Ordinary Shares 

Our authorized share capital consists of 200,000,000 ordinary shares, par value ILS 0.10 per share.  As of February 20, 2024, we had 38,416,939
ordinary  shares  outstanding.  All  outstanding  ordinary  shares  are  validly  issued,  fully  paid  and  non-assessable.    Our  ordinary  shares  are  listed  under  the
symbol “ALLT” on the NASDAQ Stock Market and on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”).

The rights attached to the ordinary shares are as follows: 

Voting.    Holders  of  our  ordinary  shares  have  one  vote  for  each  ordinary  share  held  on  all  matters  submitted  to  a  vote  of  shareholders  at  a
shareholder  meeting.    Shareholders  may  vote  at  shareholder  meeting  either  in  person,  by  proxy  or  by  written  ballot.    Shareholder  voting  rights  may  be
affected by the grant of any special voting rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future. 

Transfer of Shares.  Fully paid ordinary shares are issued in registered form and may be freely transferred under our articles of association unless

the transfer is restricted or prohibited by another instrument, Israeli law or the rules of a stock exchange on which the shares are traded. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Election  of  Directors.    Our  ordinary  shares  do  not  have  cumulative  voting  rights  for  the  election  of  directors.    Rather,  under  our  articles  of
association our directors are elected by the holders of a simple majority of our ordinary shares at a general shareholder meeting.  As a result, the holders of
our  ordinary  shares  that  represent  more  than  50%  of  the  voting  power  represented  at  a  shareholder  meeting  have  the  power  to  elect  any  or  all  of  our
directors whose positions are being filled at that meeting, subject to the special approval requirements for outside directors. 

Outside directors are elected by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, provided that either: 

•

•

the majority of shares voted at the meeting, including at least a majority of the shares of non-controlling shareholder(s) and shareholders who do not
have a personal interest in the election of the outside director (other than a personal interest that does not result from the shareholder’s relationship
with a controlling shareholder), voted at the meeting, excluding abstentions, vote in favor of the election of the outside director; or

the total number of shares of non-controlling shareholders and shareholders who do not have a personal interest in the election of the outside director
(excluding a personal interest that does not result from the shareholder’s relationship with a controlling shareholder) voted against the election of the
outside director does not exceed two percent of the aggregate voting rights in the company.

Dividend and Liquidation Rights.  Under the Companies Law, shareholder approval is not required for the declaration of a dividend, unless the
company’s articles of association provide otherwise.  Our articles of association provide that our board of directors may declare and distribute a dividend to
be  paid  to  the  holders  of  ordinary  shares  without  shareholder  approval  in  proportion  to  the  paid  up  capital  attributable  to  the  shares  that  they  hold. 
Dividends may be paid only out of profits legally available for distribution, as defined in the Companies Law, provided that there is no reasonable concern
that  the  payment  of  a  dividend  will  prevent  us  from  satisfying  our  existing  and  foreseeable  obligations  as  they  become  due.    If  we  do  not  have  profits
legally available for distribution, we may seek the approval of the court to distribute a dividend.  The court may approve our request if it is convinced that
there is no reasonable concern that a payment of a dividend will prevent us from satisfying our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. 

In  the  event  of  our  liquidation,  after  satisfaction  of  liabilities  to  creditors,  our  assets  will  be  distributed  to  the  holders  of  ordinary  shares  in
proportion  to  the  paid  up  capital  attributable  to  the  shares  that  they  hold.    Dividend  and  liquidation  rights  may  be  affected  by  the  grant  of  preferential
dividend or distribution rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future. 

Shareholder Meetings

We are required to convene an annual general meeting of our shareholders once every calendar year within a period of not more than 15 months
following the preceding annual general meeting. Our board of directors may convene a special general meeting of our shareholders and is required to do so
at the request of two directors or one quarter of the members of our board of directors or, as we are a Nasdaq-listed company at the request of one or more
holders of 10% or more of our share capital and 1% of our voting power or the holder or holders of 10% or more of our voting power. All shareholder
meetings require prior notice of at least 21 days. The chairperson of our board of directors, or any other person appointed by the board of directors, presides
over our general meetings. In the absence of the chairperson of the board of directors or such other person, one of the members of the board designated by a
majority of the directors presides over the meeting. If no director is designated to preside as chairperson, then the shareholders present will choose one of
the  shareholders  present  to  be  chairperson.  Subject  to  the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Law  and  the  regulations  promulgated  thereunder,  shareholders
entitled to participate and vote at general meetings are the shareholders of record on a date to be decided by the board of directors,  which,  as  we  are  a
Nasdaq-listed company, may be between four and 60 days prior to the date of the meeting.

 
 
 
 
 
 
Quorum 

The quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of at least two shareholders present in person, by proxy or by written ballot, who hold
or represent between them at least 25% of our voting power.  A meeting adjourned for lack of a quorum generally is adjourned to the same day in the
following week at the same time and place or any time and place as the directors designate in a notice to the shareholders.  At the reconvened meeting, the
required quorum consists of at least two shareholders present, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, who hold or represent between them at least 10% of
our voting power, provided that if the meeting was initially called pursuant to a request by our shareholders, then the quorum required must include at least
the number of shareholders entitled to call the meeting. 

Resolutions 

An ordinary resolution requires approval by the holders of a simple majority of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or

by written ballot, and voting on the resolution. 

Under the Companies Law, unless otherwise provided in the articles of association or applicable law, all resolutions of the shareholders require a
simple majority.  A resolution for the voluntary winding up of the company requires the approval by holders of at least 75% of the voting rights represented
at the meeting, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, and voting on the resolution.  Under our articles of association (1) certain shareholders’ resolutions
require the approval of a special majority of the holders of at least 75% of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or by written
ballot, and voting on the resolution, and (2) certain shareholders’ resolutions require the approval of a special majority of the holders of at least two-thirds
of the voting securities of the company then outstanding.

Access to Corporate Records 

Under the Companies Law, all shareholders generally have the right to review minutes of our general meetings, our shareholder register, including
with respect to material shareholders, our articles of association, our financial statements and any document we are required by law to file publicly with the
Israeli Companies Registrar.  Any shareholder who specifies the purpose of its request may request to review any document in our possession that relates to
any action or transaction with a related party which requires shareholder approval under the Companies Law.  We may deny a request to review a document
if we determine that the request was not made in good faith, that the document contains a commercial secret or a patent or that the document’s disclosure
may otherwise impair our interests. 

Acquisitions under Israeli Law 

Full  Tender  Offer.    A  person  wishing  to  acquire  shares  of  a  public  Israeli  company  and  who  would  as  a  result  hold  over  90%  of  the  target
company’s  issued  and  outstanding  share  capital  is  required  by  the  Companies  Law  to  make  a  tender  offer  for  the  purchase  of  all  of  the  issued  and
outstanding shares of the company.  If the shareholders who do not accept the offer hold less than 5% of the issued and outstanding share capital of the
company, and more than half of the offerees who do not have a personal interest in the tender offer accept the tender offer, all of the shares that the acquirer
offered to purchase will be transferred to the acquirer by operation of law.  Notwithstanding the above, if the shareholders who do not accept the offer hold
less  than  2%  of  the  issued  and  outstanding  share  capital  of  the  company  or  of  the  applicable  class,  the  offer  will  nonetheless  be  accepted.    However,  a
shareholder that had its shares so transferred may, within six months from the date of acceptance of the tender offer, petition the court to determine that the
tender offer was for less than fair value and that the fair value should be paid as determined by the court.  The bidder may provide in its tender offer that
any accepting shareholder may not petition the court for fair value, but such condition will not be valid unless all of the information required under the
Companies Law was provided prior to the acceptance date.  The description above regarding a full tender offer also applies, with certain limitations, when
a full tender offer for the purchase of all of the company’s securities is accepted. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Special Tender Offer.  The Companies Law provides, subject to certain exceptions, that an acquisition of shares of a public Israeli company must
be made by means of a “special tender offer” if, as a result of the acquisition, the purchaser would become a holder of at least 25% of the voting rights in
the company.  This rule does not apply if there is already another holder of at least 25% of the voting rights in the company.  Similarly, the Companies Law
provides that an acquisition of shares in a public company must be made by means of a tender offer if, as a result of the acquisition, the purchaser would
become a holder of more than 45% of the voting rights in the company, and there is no other shareholder of the company who holds more than 45% of the
voting  rights  in  the  company.    The  special  tender  offer  may  be  consummated  subject  to  certain  majority  requirements  set  forth  in  the  Companies  Law,
and provided further that at least 5% of the voting rights attached to the company’s outstanding shares will be acquired by the party making the offer. 

Merger.  The Companies Law permits merger transactions between two Israeli companies if approved by each party’s board of directors and a
certain percentage of each party’s shareholders.  Following the approval of the board of directors of each of the merging companies, the boards must jointly
prepare a merger proposal for submission to the Israeli Registrar of Companies. 

Under  the  Companies  Law,  if  the  approval  of  a  general  meeting  of  the  shareholders  is  required,  merger  transactions  may  be  approved  by  the
holders of a simple majority of our shares present, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, at a general meeting of the shareholders and voting on the
transaction.  In determining whether the required majority has approved the merger, if shares of the company are held by the other party to the merger, by
any person holding at least 25% of the voting rights, or 25% of the means of appointing directors or the general manager of the other party to the merger,
then a vote against the merger by holders of the majority of the shares present and voting, excluding shares held by the other party or by such person, or
any person or entity acting on behalf of, related to or controlled by either of them, is sufficient to reject the merger transaction.  In certain circumstances, a
court may still approve the merger upon the request of holders of at least 25% of the voting rights of a company, if the court holds that the merger is fair
and reasonable, taking into account the value of the parties to the merger and the consideration offered to the shareholders. 

The Companies Law provides for certain requirements and procedures that each of the merging companies is to fulfill.  In addition, a merger may
not  be  completed  unless  at  least  fifty  days  have  passed  from  the  date  that  a  proposal  for  approval  of  the  merger  was  filed  with  the  Israeli  Registrar  of
Companies and thirty days from the date that shareholder approval of both merging companies was obtained. 

Anti-Takeover Measures 

Undesignated  preferred  shares.    The  Companies  Law  allows  us  to  create  and  issue  shares  having  rights  different  from  those  attached  to  our
ordinary shares, including shares providing certain preferred or additional rights with respect to voting, distributions or other matters and shares having
preemptive rights.  We do not have any authorized or issued shares other than ordinary shares.  In the future, if we do create and issue a class of shares
other than ordinary shares, such class of shares, depending on the specific rights that may be attached to them, may delay or prevent a takeover or otherwise
prevent our shareholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their ordinary shares.  The authorization of a new class of shares will
require an amendment to our articles of association which requires the prior approval of a simple majority of our shares represented and voted at a general
meeting.  In addition, we undertook towards the TASE that, as long as our shares are registered for trading with the TASE we will not issue or authorize
shares  of  any  class  other  than  the  class  currently  registered  with  the  TASE,  unless  such  issuance  is  in  accordance  with  certain  provisions  of  the  Israeli
Securities Law determining that a company registering its shares for trade on the TASE may not have more than one class of shares for a period of one year
following  registration  with  the  TASE,  and  following  such  period  the  company  is  permitted  to  issue preferred shares if the preference of those shares is
limited to a preference in the distribution of dividends and the preferred shares have no voting rights. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supermajority voting.  Our articles of association require the approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of our combined voting power to effect

certain amendments to our articles of association. 

Classified board of directors.  Under our articles of association, our directors (other than the outside directors, whose appointments are required
under  the  Companies  Law)  are  divided  into  three  classes.    Each  class  of  directors  consists,  as  nearly  as  possible,  of  one-third  of  the  total  number  of
directors constituting the entire board of directors (other than the outside directors).  At each annual general meeting of our shareholders, the election or re-
election of directors following the expiration of the term of office of that class of directors is for a term of office that expires on the third annual general
meeting following such election or re-election, such that each year the term of office of only one class of directors will expire. 

The directors (other than the outside directors) are elected by a vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power present and voting at the
meeting.  Each director will hold office until the annual general meeting of our shareholders for the year in which his or her term expires and until his or
her successor is duly elected and qualified, unless the tenure of such director expires earlier pursuant to the Companies Law or unless he or she resigns or is
removed from office. 

The  initial  term  of  an  outside  director  is  three  years,  and  he  or  she  may  be  reelected  to  up  to  two  additional  terms  of  three  years  each  at  a
shareholders’ meeting, subject to the voting threshold set forth above.  Thereafter, an outside director may be reelected for additional periods of up to three
years each, only if the company’s audit committee and board of directors confirm that, in light of the outside director’s expertise and special contribution to
the work of the board of directors and its committees, the reelection for such additional period is beneficial to the company.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
List of Subsidiaries

EXHIBIT 8.1

Jurisdiction of Incorporation

Company
Allot Communications Inc.
Allot Communications Europe SARL
Allot Communications (Asia Pacific) Pte. Limited
Allot Communications (UK) Limited (with branches in Italy and Germany)   United Kingdom
Allot Communications Japan K.K.
Allot Communications Africa (PTY) Ltd
Allot Communications India Private Ltd
Allot Communications Spain, S.L. Sociedad Unipersonal
Allot Communications (Colombia) S.A.S
Allot MexSub
Allot Turkey Komunikasion Hizmeleri limited.
Allot Australia (PTY) LTD

India
  Spain
  Colombia
  Mexico
  Turkey
  Australia

  United States
  France
  Singapore

  South Africa

Japan

* Allot Ltd also holds a branch in Colombia.

 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(d)
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 12.1

I, Erez Antebi, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Allot Ltd. (the “company”);

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the company and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by
the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial
reporting; and

5.

The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to
the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal
control over financial reporting.

Date: April 9, 2024

/s/ Erez Antebi
Erez Antebi
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(d)
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 12.2

I, Ziv Leitman, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Allot Ltd. (the “company”);

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the company and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by
the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial
reporting; and

5.

The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to
the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal
control over financial reporting.

Date: April 9, 2024

/s/ Ziv Leitman
Ziv Leitman
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Allot Ltd. (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the period ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Erez Antebi, and I, Ziv Leitman, do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

•

•

the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

EXHIBIT 13.1

Date:  April 9, 2024

Date:  April 9, 2024

/s/ Erez Antebi
Erez Antebi
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Ziv Leitman
Ziv Leitman
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Allot Ltd. and will be retained by Allot Ltd. and furnished to the
Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-140701,  333-149237, 333-159306, 333-165144,
333-172492, 333-180770, 333-187406, 333-194833, 333-203028, 333- 210420, 333-216893, 333-223838, 333-230391, 333-270903 and       333-237405)
pertaining to the 2016 Incentive Compensation Plan of Allot  Ltd., of our reports dated April 10, 2024, with respect to the consolidated financial statements
of Allot Ltd., and  the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Allot Ltd., included in this Annual Report (Form  20-F) for the year ended
December 31, 2023.

April 10, 2024
Tel-Aviv, Israel

/s/ Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
A Member of EY Global

Exhibit 15.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
ALLOT LTD.

POLICY FOR THE
RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION

Exhibit 97.1

A.

OVERVIEW

In accordance with the applicable rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market (the “Nasdaq Rules”), Section 10D and Rule 10D-1 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (“Rule 10D-1”), the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of ALLOT LTD. (the “Company”)
has adopted this Policy (the “Policy”) to provide for the recovery of erroneously awarded Incentive-based Compensation from Executive Officers.
All capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in Section H, below.

B.

RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION

(1)                    In  the  event  of  an  Accounting  Restatement,  the  Company  will  reasonably  promptly  recover  the  Erroneously  Awarded

Compensation Received in accordance with Nasdaq Rules and Rule 10D-1 as follows:

(i)

After an Accounting Restatement, the Compensation Committee (if composed entirely of independent directors, or in the absence of
such a committee, a majority of independent directors serving on the Board) (the “Committee”) shall determine the amount of any
Erroneously Awarded Compensation Received by each Executive Officer and shall promptly notify each Executive Officer with a
written notice containing the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation and a demand for repayment or return of such
compensation, as applicable.

(a)

For Incentive-based Compensation based on (or derived from) the Company’s stock price or total shareholder return, where the
amount of Erroneously Awarded

Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in the applicable Accounting
Restatement:

i.

ii.

The amount to be repaid or returned shall be determined by the Committee based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of
the  Accounting  Restatement  on  the  Company’s  stock  price  or  total  shareholder  return  upon  which  the  Incentive-based
Compensation was Received; and

The  Company  shall  maintain  documentation  of  the  determination  of  such  reasonable  estimate  and  provide  the  relevant
documentation as required to the Nasdaq.

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

The Committee shall have discretion to determine the appropriate means of recovering Erroneously Awarded Compensation based on
the particular facts and circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as set forth in Section B(2) below, in no event may the
Company accept an amount that is less than the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation in satisfaction of an Executive Officer’s
obligations hereunder.

To the extent that the Executive Officer has already reimbursed the Company for any Erroneously Awarded Compensation Received
under  any  duplicative  recovery  obligations  established  by  the  Company  or  applicable  law,  it  shall  be  appropriate  for  any  such
reimbursed amount to be credited to the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is subject to recovery under this Policy.

To the extent that an Executive Officer fails to repay all Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company when due, the Company
shall  take  all  actions  reasonable  and  appropriate  to  recover  such  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation  from  the  applicable  Executive
Officer.  The  applicable  Executive  Officer  shall  be  required  to  reimburse  the  Company  for  any  and  all  expenses  reasonably  incurred
(including  legal  fees)  by  the  Company  in  recovering  such  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation  in  accordance  with  the  immediately
preceding sentence.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)          Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to take the actions contemplated by Section
B(1) above if the Committee (which, as specified above, is composed entirely of independent directors or in the absence of such a committee, a
majority  of  the  independent  directors  serving  on  the  Board)  determines  that  recovery  would  be  impracticable  and  any  of  the  following  two
conditions are met:

(i)

(ii)

The Committee has determined that the direct expenses paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Policy would exceed the amount to
be recovered. Before making this determination, the Company must make a reasonable attempt to recover the Erroneously Awarded
Compensation, documented such attempt(s) and provided such documentation to the Nasdaq; or

Recovery would violate home country law where that law was adopted prior to November 28, 2022, provided that, before determining
that it would be impracticable to recover any amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation based on violation of home country law,
the Company has obtained an opinion of home country counsel, acceptable to the Nasdaq, that recovery would result in such a violation
and a copy of the opinion is provided to Nasdaq.

C.

DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS

The  Company  shall  file  all  disclosures  with  respect  to  this  Policy  required  by  applicable  U.S.  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission

(“SEC”) filings and rules.

D.

PROHIBITION OF INDEMNIFICATION

The  Company  shall  not  be  permitted  to  insure  or  indemnify  any  Executive  Officer  against  (i)  the  loss  of  any  Erroneously  Awarded
Compensation that is repaid, returned or recovered pursuant to the terms of this Policy, or (ii) any claims relating to the Company’s enforcement of its
rights under this Policy. Further, the Company shall not enter into any agreement that exempts any Incentive-based Compensation that is granted,
paid  or  awarded  to  an  Executive  Officer  from  the  application  of  this  Policy  or  that  waives  the  Company’s  right  to  recovery  of  any  Erroneously
Awarded  Compensation,  and  this  Policy  shall  supersede  any  such  agreement  (whether  entered  into  before,  on  or  after  the  Effective  Date  of  this
Policy).

E.

ADMINISTRATION AND INTERPRETATION

This  Policy  shall  be  administered  by  the  Committee,  and  any  determinations  made  by  the  Committee  shall  be  final  and  binding  on  all

affected individuals.

The Committee is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the
administration  of  this  Policy  and  for  the  Company’s  compliance  with  Nasdaq  Rules,  Section  10D,  Rule  10D-1  and  any  other  applicable  law,
regulation, rule or interpretation of the SEC or Nasdaq promulgated or issued in connection therewith.

F.

AMENDMENT; TERMINATION

The  Committee  may  amend  this  Policy  from  time  to  time  in  its  discretion  and  shall  amend  this  Policy  as  it  deems  necessary.
Notwithstanding  anything  in  this  Section  F  to  the  contrary,  no  amendment  or  termination  of  this  Policy  shall  be  effective  if  such  amendment  or
termination would (after taking into account any actions taken by the Company contemporaneously with such amendment or termination) cause the
Company to violate any federal securities laws, SEC rule or Nasdaq rule.

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
G.

OTHER RECOVERY RIGHTS

This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Executive Officers and, to the extent required by applicable law or guidance from
the SEC or Nasdaq, their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives. The Committee intends that this Policy will be
applied  to  the  fullest  extent  required  by  applicable  law.  Any  employment  agreement,  equity  award  agreement,  compensatory  plan  or  any  other
agreement or arrangement with an Executive Officer shall be deemed to include, as a condition to the grant of any benefit thereunder, an agreement
by the Executive Officer to abide by the terms of this Policy. Any right of recovery under this Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other
remedies or rights of recovery that may be available to the Company under applicable law, regulation or rule or pursuant to the terms of any policy of
the Company or any provision in any employment agreement, equity award agreement, compensatory plan, agreement or other arrangement.

H.

DEFINITIONS

For purposes of this Policy, the following capitalized terms shall have the meanings set forth below.

(1)          “Accounting Restatement” means an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial
reporting  requirement  under  the  securities  laws,  including  any  required  accounting  restatement  to  correct  an  error  in  previously  issued  financial
statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements (a “Big R” restatement), or that would result in a material misstatement if the
error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period (a “little r” restatement).

(2)          “Clawback Eligible Incentive Compensation” means all Incentive-based Compensation Received by an Executive Officer (i) on or
after the effective date of the applicable Nasdaq rules (ii) after beginning service as an Executive Officer, (iii) who served as an Executive Officer at
any time during the applicable performance period relating to any Incentive-based Compensation (whether or not such Executive Officer is serving at
the time the Erroneously Awarded Compensation is required to be repaid to the Company), (iv) while the Company has a class of securities listed on
a national securities exchange or a national securities association, and (v) during the applicable Clawback Period (as defined below).

(3)                    “Clawback  Period”  means,  with  respect  to  any  Accounting  Restatement,  the  three  completed  fiscal  years  of  the  Company
immediately preceding the Restatement Date (as defined below),and if the Company changes its fiscal year, any transition period of less than nine
months within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years.

(4)                    “Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation”  means,  with  respect  to  each  Executive  Officer  in  connection  with  an  Accounting
Restatement,  the  amount  of  Clawback  Eligible  Incentive  Compensation  that  exceeds  the  amount  of  Incentive-based  Compensation  that  otherwise
would have been Received had it been determined based on the restated amounts, computed without regard to any taxes paid.

(5)                    “Executive Officer”  means  each  individual  who  is  currently  or  was  previously  designated  as  an  “officer”  of  the  Company  as
defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act. For the avoidance of doubt, the identification of an executive officer for purposes of this Policy
shall include each executive officer who is or was identified pursuant to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K or Item 6.A of Form 20-F, as applicable, as
well as the principal financial officer and principal accounting officer (or, if there is no principal accounting officer, the controller).

(6)          “Financial Reporting Measures” means measures that are determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles
used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and all other measures that are derived wholly or in part from such measures. Stock price and
total shareholder return (and any measures that are derived wholly or in part from stock price or total shareholder return) shall, for purposes of this
Policy,  be  considered  Financial  Reporting  Measures.  For  the  avoidance  of  doubt,  a  Financial  Reporting  Measure  need  not  be  presented  in  the
Company’s financial statements or included in a filing with the SEC.

(7)          “Incentive-based Compensation”  means  any  compensation  that  is  granted,  earned  or  vested  based  wholly  or  in  part  upon  the

attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8)           “Nasdaq” means The Nasdaq Stock Market.

(9)                    “Received”  means,  with  respect  to  any  Incentive-based  Compensation,  actual  or  deemed  receipt,  and  Incentive-based
Compensation shall be deemed received in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive-
based Compensation award is attained, even if the payment or grant of the Incentive-based Compensation to the Executive Officer occurs after the
end of that period.

(10)          “Restatement Date” means the earlier to occur of (i) the date the Board, a committee of the Board or the officers of the Company
authorized  to  take  such  action  if  Board  action  is  not  required,  concludes,  or  reasonably  should  have  concluded,  that  the  Company  is  required  to
prepare an Accounting Restatement, or (ii) the date a court, regulator or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare an Accounting
Restatement.

Effective as of December 1, 2023

 
 
 
ATTESTATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY
AWARDED COMPENSATION

Exhibit A

By my signature below, I acknowledge and agree that:

•
•

I have received and read the attached Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation (this “Policy”).
I hereby agree to abide by all of the terms of this Policy both during and after my employment with the Company, including, without limitation,
by promptly repaying or returning any Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company as determined in accordance with this Policy.

Signature: ______________________________         

Printed Name: ___________________________

Date: __________________________________