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Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A.

asps · NASDAQ Real Estate
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FY2023 Annual Report · Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☑

☐

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                to

Commission File Number: 1-34354

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its Charter)

Luxembourg
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

98-0554932
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

33, Boulevard Prince Henri
L-1724 Luxembourg
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
(352) 2060 2055
(Address and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $1.00 par value

Trading Symbol
ASPS

Name of each exchange on which registered
NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  
Yes þ  No o
Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted  pursuant  to  Rule  405  of  Regulation  S-T 
(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes þ  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth 
company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer   ☑

Accelerated filer                  ☐
Smaller reporting company ☑
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial 
accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial 
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  Yes ☐ No ☑
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the 
correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the 
registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐ No ☑
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2023 was $55,147,580 based on the closing share price as quoted on the 
NASDAQ Global Select Market on that day and the assumption that all directors and executive officers of the Company are affiliates.  This determination of affiliate status is 
not necessarily a conclusive determination for any other purpose.
As of March 1, 2024, there were 26,569,887 outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock (excluding 3,392,861 shares held as treasury stock).

Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed subsequent to the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in 
connection with the registrant’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 30, 2023 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.  Such Definitive Proxy 
Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the conclusion of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Table of Contents

PART I

ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 1B.
ITEM 1C.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.

PART II

ITEM 5.

ITEM 6
ITEM 7.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.

FORM 10-K

BUSINESS
RISK FACTORS
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
CYBERSECURITY
PROPERTIES
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

[RESERVED]
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION 
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

ITEM 8.
ITEM 9.

ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9C.

PART III

ITEM 10.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 12.

ITEM 13.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING 
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
OTHER INFORMATION
DISCLOSURES REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT 
INSPECTIONS

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND 
MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

SIGNATURES

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  and  certain  information  incorporated  herein  by  reference  contain  forward-looking 
statements  within  the  safe  harbor  provisions  of  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.    These  statements  may 
relate  to,  among  other  things,  future  events  or  our  future  performance  or  financial  condition.    Words  such  as  “anticipate,” 
“intend,”  “expect,”  “may,”  “could,”  “should,”  “would,”  “plan,”  “estimate,”  “believe,”  “predict,”  “potential”  or 
“continue”  or  the  negative  of  these  terms  and  comparable  terminology  are  intended  to  identify  such  forward-looking 
statements.  Such statements are based on expectations as to the future and are not statements of historical fact.  Furthermore, 
forward-looking  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance  and  involve  a  number  of  assumptions,  risks  and 
uncertainties  that  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially.    Important  factors  that  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ 
materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the risks discussed in Item 1A 
of Part I “Risk Factors.”  We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which reflect our 
view only as of the date of this report.  We are under no obligation (and expressly disclaim any obligation) to update or alter 
any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or change in 
events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

PART I

Except  as  otherwise  indicated  or  unless  the  context  requires  otherwise  “Altisource,”  the  “Company,”  “we,”  “us”  or  “our” 
mean  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.,  a  Luxembourg  société  anonyme,  or  public  limited  liability  company,  and  its 
subsidiaries.

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

The Company

Altisource®  is  an  integrated  service  provider  and  marketplace  for  the  real  estate  and  mortgage  industries.    Combining 
operational  excellence  with  a  suite  of  innovative  services  and  technologies,  Altisource  helps  solve  the  demands  of  the  ever-
changing markets we serve.

We are publicly traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ASPS.”  We are organized under the laws of 
the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

We  have  prepared  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the 
United States of America (“GAAP”).

Reportable Segments

Our reportable segments are as follows:

Servicer and Real Estate segment provides loan servicers and real estate investors with solutions and technologies that span the 
mortgage and real estate lifecycle.  Within the Servicer and Real Estate segment we provide:

Solutions

Our  Solutions  business  includes  property  preservation  and  inspection  services,  title  insurance  (as  an  agent)  and 
settlement  services,  real  estate  valuation  services,  foreclosure  trustee  services,  and  residential  and  commercial 
construction inspection and risk mitigation services.

Marketplace

Our Marketplace business includes the Hubzu® online real estate auction platform and real estate auction, real estate 
brokerage and asset management services.

Technology and software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) Products

Our Technology and SaaS Products business includes Equator® (a SaaS-based technology to manage real estate owned 
(“REO”),  short  sales,  foreclosure,  bankruptcy  and  eviction  processes),  Vendorly  Invoice  (a  vendor  invoicing  and 
payment  system),  RentRange®  (a  single  and  multi-family  rental  data,  analytics  and  rent-based  valuation  solution), 
REALSynergy® (a commercial loan servicing platform), and NestRangeTM (an automated residential valuation model 
and analytics solution).

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Origination segment provides originators with solutions and technologies that span the mortgage origination lifecycle.  Within 
the Origination segment we provide:

Solutions

Our Solutions business includes title insurance (as an agent) and settlement services, real estate valuation services, and 
loan fulfillment, certification and certification insurance services.

Lenders One

Our Lenders One business includes management services provided to the Best Partners Mortgage Cooperative, Inc., 
doing  business  as  Lenders  One®  (“Lenders  One”),  and  certain  loan  manufacturing  and  capital  markets  services 
provided to the members of the Lenders One cooperative.

Technology and SaaS Products

Our  Technology  and  SaaS  Products  business  includes  Vendorly  Monitor  (a  vendor  management  platform),  Lenders 
One  Loan  Automation  (“LOLA”)  (a  marketplace  to  order  services  and  a  tool  to  automate  components  of  the  loan 
manufacturing  process),  TrelixAITM  (technology  to  manage  the  workflow  and  automate  components  of  the  loan 
fulfillment,  pre  and  post-close  quality  control  and  service  transfer  processes),  and  ADMS  (a  document  management 
and data analytics delivery platform).

Corporate and Others includes interest expense and costs related to corporate functions including executive, infrastructure and 
certain  technology  groups,  finance,  law,  compliance,  human  resources,  vendor  management,  facilities,  risk  management  and 
eliminations between reportable segments.

We classify revenue in three categories: service revenue, revenue from reimbursable expenses and non-controlling interests.  In 
evaluating our performance, we focus on service revenue.  Service revenue consists of amounts attributable to our fee-based 
services.    Reimbursable  expenses  and  non-controlling  interests  are  pass-through  items  for  which  we  earn  no  margin.  
Reimbursable expenses consist of amounts we incur on behalf of our customers in performing our fee-based services that we 
pass directly on to our customers without a markup.  Non-controlling interests represent the earnings of Lenders One.  Lenders 
One is a mortgage cooperative managed, but not owned, by Altisource.  The Lenders One members’ earnings are included in 
revenue and reduced from net income to arrive at net income attributable to Altisource.

2023 Highlights

Company, Corporate and Financial:

•

•

•

•

Improved  total  Company  loss  from  operations  by  $16.4  million  in  2023  compared  to  2022  by  (1)  improving  operating 
income as a percentage of service revenue in the Servicer and Real Estate and Origination segments (together, “Business 
Segments”) to 19.1% in 2023 from 13.2% in 2022, and (2) reducing Corporate and Others operating loss as a percentage of 
total Company service revenue to (31.4)% in 2023 from (36.1)% in 2022, primarily through efficiency initiatives and cost 
savings measures
Amended the senior secured term loans (“SSTL”) and revolving credit facility to, among other things, extend the maturity 
dates to April 2025, with options to extend both to April 2026, subject to certain terms and conditions

Generated $38.8 million in net proceeds from the sale of common stock and used $30 million to partially repay the SSTL

Ended the year with $32.5 million of cash and cash equivalents, $15.0 million available under a revolving credit facility 
and $191.6 million of net debt

Business Segments:

•

•

•

In  the  face  of  serious  market  headwinds  for  both  Business  Segments,  service  revenue  in  the  Servicer  and  Real  Estate 
segment was only down 4% and service revenue in the Origination segment outperformed the overall market with a decline 
of 11% compared to a 36% decline in industrywide residential origination volume

Improved  income  from  operations  in  the  Business  Segments  by  $7.0  million  to  $26.1  million,  representing  19.1%  of 
service  revenue,  in  2023  compared  to  $19.0  million,  representing  13.2%  of  service  revenue,  in  2022,  primarily  through 
efficiency and cost cutting initiatives
Ended 2023 with a weighted average sales pipeline between $43 million and $53 million of potential estimated revenue on 
a stabilized basis based upon forecasted probability of closing (comprised of between $27 million and $33 million in the 
Servicer and Real Estate segment and between $16 million and $20 million in the Origination segment)

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•

Generated 2023 sales wins which we estimate represent potential annualized revenue on a stabilized basis of $58.4 million 
for the Servicer and Real Estate segment and $10.3 million for the Origination segment

Industry:

•

•

•

•

•

Industrywide  foreclosure  initiations  were  4%  lower  in  2023  compared  to  2022  (and  31%  lower  than  the  same  pre-
COVID-19 period in 2019)

Industrywide foreclosure sales were 8% higher in 2023 compared to 2022 (and 46% lower than the same pre-COVID-19 
period in 2019)

Industrywide  early-stage  mortgage  delinquencies  (30-days  late)  increased  by  15%  and  borrowers  who  have  missed  two 
payments (60-days past due) increased by 16% in December 2023 compared to December 2022

Industrywide mortgage origination volume decreased by 36% in 2023 compared to 2022

Industrywide  seriously  delinquent  mortgage  rate  (90+  day  past  due  and  loans  in  foreclosure)  decreased  to  1.3%  in 
December 2023 compared to 1.6% in December 2022

Customers

Overview

Our  customers  include  large  financial  institutions,  government-sponsored  enterprises  (“GSEs”),  banks,  asset  managers, 
servicers,  investors,  property  management  firms,  real  estate  brokerages,  insurance  companies,  mortgage  bankers,  originators, 
correspondent and private money lenders.

Customer Concentration

Ocwen

Ocwen  Financial  Corporation  (together  with  its  subsidiaries,  “Ocwen”)  is  a  residential  mortgage  loan  servicer  of  mortgage 
servicing rights (“MSRs”) it owns, including those MSRs in which others have an economic interest, and a subservicer of loans 
owned by others.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, Ocwen was our largest customer, accounting for 44% of our total revenue.  Ocwen 
purchases certain mortgage services from us under the terms of services agreements and amendments thereto (collectively, the 
“Ocwen  Services  Agreements”)  with  terms  extending  through  August  2030.    Certain  of  the  Ocwen  Services  Agreements 
contain a “most favored nation” provision and also grant the parties the right to renegotiate pricing, among other things.

Revenue from Ocwen primarily consists of revenue earned from the loan portfolios serviced and subserviced by Ocwen when 
Ocwen  engages  us  as  the  service  provider,  and  revenue  earned  directly  from  Ocwen,  pursuant  to  the  Ocwen  Services 
Agreements.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  revenue  from  Ocwen  of  $63.2  million  and 
$63.5 million, respectively.  Revenue from Ocwen as a percentage of segment and consolidated revenue was as follows:

Servicer and Real Estate
Origination
Corporate and Others
Consolidated revenue

2023

2022

 55 %
 — %
 — %
 44 %

 53 %
 — %
 — %
 41 %

We earn additional revenue related to the portfolios serviced and subserviced by Ocwen when a party other than Ocwen or the 
MSRs owner selects Altisource as the service provider.  For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $9.2 
million and $9.5 million, respectively, of such revenue.  These amounts are not included in deriving revenue from Ocwen and 
revenue from Ocwen as a percentage of revenue discussed above.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  accounts  receivable  from  Ocwen  totaled  $3.4  million,  $2.2  million  of  which  was  billed  and  $1.2 
million of which was unbilled.  As of December 31, 2022, accounts receivable from Ocwen totaled $4.0 million, $3.2 million of 
which was billed and $0.8 million of which was unbilled.

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Rithm

Rithm Capital Corp. (individually, together with one or more of its subsidiaries or one or more of its subsidiaries individually, 
“Rithm”)  (formerly  New  Residential  Investment  Corp.)  is  an  asset  manager  focused  on  the  real  estate  and  financial  services 
industries.

Ocwen  has  disclosed  that  Rithm  is  a  significant  client  of  Ocwen’s.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  Ocwen  reported  that 
approximately  16%  of  loans  serviced  and  subserviced  by  Ocwen  (measured  in  unpaid  principal  balance  (“UPB”))  and 
approximately 67% of all delinquent loans that Ocwen services were related to Rithm MSRs or rights to MSRs (the “Subject 
MSRs”).

Rithm purchases brokerage services for REO exclusively from us, irrespective of the subservicer, subject to certain limitations, 
for certain MSRs set forth in and pursuant to the terms of a Cooperative Brokerage Agreement, as amended, and related letter 
agreement (collectively, the “Brokerage Agreement”) with terms extending through August 2025.

For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  revenue  from  Rithm  of  $2.8  million  and  $3.2  million, 
respectively,  under  the  Brokerage  Agreement.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  additional 
revenue of $12.6 million and $13.0 million, respectively, relating to the Subject MSRs when a party other than Rithm selects 
Altisource as the service provider.

Other

Our services are provided to customers predominantly located in the United States.

Sales and Marketing

We believe our sales and marketing team has extensive relationship management and industry experience.  These individuals 
cultivate  and  maintain  relationships  throughout  the  industry  sectors  we  serve.    We  sell  our  suite  of  services  to  mortgage 
servicers, mortgage originators, GSEs, buyers and sellers of homes for investment use and financial services firms.

Our primary sales and marketing focus areas are to:

•

•

Expand relationships with existing customers by cross-selling additional services and growing the volume of existing 
services we provide.  We believe our customer relationships represent meaningful growth opportunities for us.

Develop new customer relationships by leveraging our comprehensive suite of services, performance and controls.  We 
believe there are meaningful growth opportunities to sell our suite of services to new customers.

Given the highly regulated nature of the industries we serve, and the comprehensive purchasing process that our institutional 
customers  and  prospects  follow,  the  time  and  effort  we  spend  in  expanding  relationships  or  winning  new  relationships  is 
significant.    For  example,  it  can  often  take  more  than  one  year  from  the  request  for  proposal  or  qualified  lead  stage  to  the 
selection of Altisource as a service provider.  Furthermore, following the selection of Altisource, it is not unusual for it to take 
an additional six to twelve months or more to negotiate the services agreement(s), complete the implementation procedures and 
begin receiving referrals.

Intellectual Property and Data

We rely on a combination of contractual restrictions, internal security practices, patents, trademarks and copyrights to establish 
and protect our trade secrets, intellectual property, software, technology and expertise.  We also own or, as we deem necessary 
and  appropriate,  have  obtained  licenses  from  third  parties  to  intellectual  property  relating  to  our  services,  processes  and 
businesses.  These intellectual property rights are important factors in the success of our businesses.

As of December 31, 2023, we have been awarded five patents that expire in 2025, one patent that expires in 2026, one patent 
that expires in 2027, one patent that expires in 2029, one patent that expires in 2030. In addition, we have registered trademarks 
in a number of jurisdictions including the United States, the European Union (“EU”), India and five other jurisdictions. These 
trademarks generally can be renewed indefinitely, provided they are being used in commerce.

We actively protect our rights and intend to continue our policy of taking the measures we deem reasonable and necessary to 
develop and protect our patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights.

In  addition,  we  may  make  use  of  data  in  connection  with  certain  of  our  services.    This  data  generally  relates  to  mortgage 
information, real property information and consumer information.  We gather this data from a variety of third party sources, 
including from governmental entities and, subject to licensed usage rights, we use this data in connection with the delivery of 

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certain  of  our  services,  including  combining  it  with  proprietary  data  we  generate  to  further  enhance  data  and  metrics  in 
connection with our services.

Market and Competition

We sell our suite of services to mortgage servicers, mortgage originators, GSEs, buyers and sellers of homes for investment use 
and financial services firms.  The mortgage and real estate markets are very large and are influenced by macroeconomic factors 
such as credit availability, interest rates, home prices, inflation, unemployment rates, consumer confidence, natural disasters and 
pandemics, and responses to such factors.

The markets for services provided to mortgage servicers and mortgage originators are highly competitive and generally consist 
of  national  companies,  in-house  providers  and  a  large  number  of  regional  and  local  providers.    We  typically  compete  based 
upon product and service awareness and offerings, product performance and service delivery, quality and control environment, 
technology integration and support, national coverage, price, financial strength, reputation and customer service.

The markets for services provided to buyers and sellers of home for investment are highly competitive and generally consist of 
several  national  companies,  a  large  number  of  regional  and  local  providers  and  start-up  companies.    We  typically  compete 
based upon product and service awareness and offerings, product performance and service delivery, national coverage, ease of 
transacting, price, quality and control environment, technology integration and support, customer service and personal service.

Our competitors may have greater financial resources, brand recognition, alternative or disruptive products and technology and 
other  competitive  advantages.    We  cannot  determine  our  market  share  with  certainty,  but  believe  for  mortgage  servicers  we 
have a modest share of the market, and for the others we have a relatively small market share.

Public offerings of Common Stock

On February 14, 2023, Altisource closed on an underwritten public offering to sell 4,550,000 shares of its common stock, at a 
price of $5.00 per share, generating net proceeds of $20.5 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions 
and other offering expenses.

On September 7, 2023, Altisource closed on an underwritten public offering to sell 5,590,277 shares of its common stock, at a 
price of $3.60 per share, generating net proceeds of $18.4 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions 
and other offering expenses.

Term Loan Amendment

On February 9, 2023, we executed Amendment No. 2 (the “Second Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement effective February 
14, 2023 (as amended by the Second Amendment, the “Amended Credit Agreement”).

The following is a summary of certain key terms of the Second Amendment and the Amended Credit Agreement.

•

•

•

•

The maturity date of the term loans under the Amended Credit Agreement is April 30, 2025

If the amount of par paydown that we make on the term loans (excluding amortization and other required payments) in 
the aggregate using proceeds from issuances of equity interest or from junior indebtedness prior to February 14, 2024 
("Aggregate  Paydowns”)  is  equal  to  or  greater  than  $30  million,  then  (subject  to  the  representations  and  warranties 
being true and correct as of such date and there being no default or event of default being in existence as of such date) 
the maturity date of the term loans may be extended to April 30, 2026, at our option subject to Company's payment of 
a 2% payment-in-kind extension fee.

The principal amortization of the term loans under the Amended Credit Agreement is 1.00% per year through April 30, 
2025 and, if the maturity date is extended, 1% per month during the 12 month extension period.

The interest rate on the term loans will initially be Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus 5.00% per annum 
payable in cash plus 5.00% per annum payable in kind (“PIK”).  The PIK component of the interest rate is subject to 
adjustment based on the amount of Aggregate Paydowns as set forth in the table below:

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Aggregate Paydowns

Less than $20 million
$20 million+ but less than below
$30 million+ but less than below
$40 million+ but less than below
$45 million+ but less than below
$50 million+ but less than below
$55 million+ but less than below
$60 million+ but less than below
$65 million+ but less than below
$70 million+

PIK Component of 
Interest Rate
5.00%
4.50%
3.75%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
2.00%
1.00%
0.50%
0.00%

•

•

•

•

•

•

If, as of the end of any calendar quarter, (i) our amount of unencumbered cash and cash equivalents on a consolidated 
basis plus (ii) the undrawn commitment amount under our revolving credit facility is, or is forecast as of the end of the 
immediately subsequent calendar quarter to be, less than $35 million, then up to 2.00% in interest otherwise payable in 
cash in the following quarter may be paid in kind at our election

The lenders under the Amended Credit Agreement received warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase 3,223,851 shares of 
Altisource common stock (the “Warrant Shares”).  The number of Warrant Shares is subject to reduction based on the 
amount of Aggregate Paydowns as set forth in the table below.

Aggregate Paydowns

Less than $20 million
$20 million+ but less than below
$30 million+

Warrant Shares
3,223,851
2,578,743
1,612,705

The exercise price per share of common stock under each Warrant is equal to $0.01.  The Warrants may be exercised 
at  any  time  on  and  after  February  14,  2024  and  prior  to  their  expiration  date.  The  Warrants  are  exercisable  on  a 
cashless  basis  and  are  subject  to  customary  anti-dilution  provisions.    The  Warrants,  if  not  previously  exercised  or 
terminated,  will  be  automatically  exercised  on  May  22,  2027.    The  Warrants  are  subject  to  a  lock-up  agreement, 
subject to customary exceptions, ending on February 16, 2024

The  lenders  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement  were  paid  an  amendment  fee  equal  to  1.0%,  substantially  all  of 
which was paid in cash at closing

Various of the affirmative and negative covenants, mandatory prepayments, events of default and other terms to which 
we  are  subject  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement  have  been  modified  including  in  many  cases  to  be  more 
restrictive or to reduce certain permissions previously available to us

Based on the $30 million of Aggregate Paydowns made by Company during the year ended December 31, 2023, the 
maturity date may be extended to April 30, 2026 at the Company's option (subject to conditions described above), the 
PIK  component  of  the  interest  rate  decreased  to  3.75%,  the  number  of  Warrant  Shares  decreased  to  1,612,705  and 
there is no contractual amortization due until the April 30, 2025 maturity date.  If the maturity date is extended to April 
30, 2026, the Company is required to make mandatory repayments of $5.2 million in the first quarter of 2026 with the 
remaining balance due at the April 2026 maturity

•

As of December 31, 2023 the outstanding amount of our SSTL was $224.1 million.

Revolver Amendment

On February 9, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 1 (the “First Revolver Amendment”) to our revolving credit facility (the 
“Revolver”) effective February 14, 2023.  The First Revolver Amendment establishes the credit available under our revolving 
credit facility at $15 million, extends the facility termination and maturity date to coincide with the maturity date of the term 
loans  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement,  and  increases  the  interest  rate  under  our  revolving  credit  facility  to  10%  per 
annum payable in cash and 3% per annum PIK.  A usage fee of $0.75 million will be payable upon the initial drawing under our 
revolving credit facility following the effectiveness of the First Revolver Amendment.  Our revolving credit facility is secured 
by a first-priority lien on substantially all of our assets, which lien will be pari passu with liens securing the term loans under 
the Amended Credit Agreement, and our revolving credit facility will continue to be guaranteed by Altisource and substantially 
all  of  our  material  subsidiaries.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  there  are  no  outstanding  amounts  under  the  First  Revolver 
Amendment and the First Amendment Revolver has never been drawn.

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Employees

As of December 31, 2023, we had the following number of employees:

Total employees

Seasonality

United States

India

Uruguay

Luxembourg

Consolidated 
Altisource

187 

810 

66 

8 

1,071 

Certain of our revenues can be impacted by seasonality.  More specifically, revenues from property sales, loan originations and 
certain  property  preservation  services  in  Field  Services  typically  tend  to  be  at  their  lowest  level  during  the  fall  and  winter 
months and at their highest level during the spring and summer months.  However, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and 
related measures and the rapid rise in mortgage interest rates, the seasonal impact to revenue may not follow historical patterns.

Government Regulation

Our business and the business of our customers are or may be subject to extensive scrutiny and regulation by federal, state and 
local  governmental  authorities  including  the  Federal  Trade  Commission  (“FTC”),  the  CFPB,  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission (“SEC”), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (“HUD”), the Treasury Department, various federal 
and  state  banking,  financial  and  consumer  regulators  and  the  state  and  local  agencies  that  license  or  oversee  certain  of  our 
auction,  real  estate  brokerage,  title  insurance  agency,  appraisal  management,  valuation,  property  preservation  and  inspection, 
mortgage and debt collection, trustee, mortgage origination underwriter and broker, property and asset management, insurance 
and credit report reselling services.  We also must comply with a number of federal, state and local laws, which may include, 
among others:

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the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”);
the Bank Secrecy Act;
the California Homeowner Bill of Rights (“CHBR”);
the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography And Marketing Act (“CAN-SPAM”);
the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (“ECOA”);
the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (“FACTA”);
the Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FCRA”);
the Fair Housing Act;
the Federal Trade Commission Act (“FTC Act”);
the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (“GLBA”);
the Home Affordable Refinance Program (“HARP”);
the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (“HMDA”);
the Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act (“HOEPA”);
the National Housing Act;
the New York Real Property Actions and Proceedings Law (“RPAPL”);
the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (“RESPA”);
the Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing (“SAFE”) Act;
the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (“SCRA”);
the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (“TCPA”);
the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”); and
Unfair, Deceptive or Abusive Acts and Practices statutes (“UDAAP”); and
Applicable state laws addressing consumer data privacy, use or disclosure.

We are also subject to the requirements of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and comparable foreign laws due to our 
activities in foreign jurisdictions.

In  addition  to  federal  and  state  laws  regarding  privacy  and  data  security,  we  are  also  subject  to  data  protection  laws  in  the 
countries in which we operate.  Additionally, certain of our entities are or may be subject to the EU General Data Protection 
Regulation (“GDPR”).

Legal  requirements  can  and  do  change  as  statutes  and  regulations  are  enacted,  promulgated  or  amended.    One  such  enacted 
regulation is the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank Act”).  The Dodd-Frank Act is 
extensive and includes reform of the regulation and supervision of financial institutions, as well as the regulation of derivatives, 
capital  market  activities  and  consumer  financial  services.    The  Dodd-Frank  Act,  among  other  things,  created  the  CFPB,  a 

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federal entity responsible for regulating consumer financial services and products.  Title XIV of the Dodd-Frank Act contains 
the Mortgage Reform and Anti-Predatory Lending Act (“Mortgage Act”).  The Mortgage Act imposes a number of additional 
requirements on lenders and servicers of residential mortgage loans by amending and expanding certain existing regulations.  
The interpretation or enforcement by regulatory authorities of applicable laws and regulations also may change over time.  In 
addition,  the  creation  of  new  regulatory  authorities  or  changes  in  the  regulatory  authorities  overseeing  applicable  laws  and 
regulations may also result in changing interpretation or enforcement of such laws or regulations.

Our failure or the failure of our customers or vendors to comply with applicable laws or regulations or changing interpretation 
of  such  laws  or  regulations  could  subject  the  Company  to  criminal  or  civil  liability,  significant  penalties,  fines,  settlements, 
costs and consent orders affecting us or our customers that may curtail or restrict the business as it is currently conducted and 
could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Furthermore,  certain  of  our  services  are  provided  at  the  direction  of,  and  pursuant  to,  the  identified  requirements  of  our 
customers.  The failure of our customers to properly identify or account for regulatory requirements applicable to such services 
could expose us to significant penalties, fines, settlements, costs and consent orders that could have an adverse effect on our 
financial condition or results of operations.

We  are  subject  to  licensing  and  regulation  as  a  provider  of  certain  services  including,  among  others,  auction,  real  estate 
brokerage,  title  insurance  agency,  appraisal  management,  valuation,  property  preservation  and  inspection,  mortgage  and  debt 
collection,  trustee,  mortgage  origination  underwriter  and  broker,  property  and  asset  management,  insurance  and  credit  report 
reselling services in a number of jurisdictions.  Our employees and subsidiaries may be required to be licensed by or registered 
with various jurisdictions for the particular type of service sold or provided and to participate in regular continuing education 
programs.    Periodically,  we  are  subject  to  audits,  examinations  and  investigations  by  federal,  state  and  local  governmental 
authorities  and  receive  subpoenas,  civil  investigative  demands  or  other  requests  for  information  from  such  governmental 
authorities in connection with their regulatory or investigative authority.  Due to the inherent uncertainty of such actions, it is 
often difficult to predict the potential outcome or estimate any potential financial impact in connection with any such inquiries.

Available Information

We file Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other information 
with the SEC.  These filings are available to the public on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Our principal Internet address is www.altisource.com and we encourage investors to use it as a way to easily find information 
about  us.    We  promptly  make  the  reports  we  file  or  furnish  with  the  SEC,  corporate  governance  information  (including  our 
Code  of  Business  Conduct  and  Ethics),  select  press  releases  and  other  related  information  available  on  this  website.    The 
contents of our website are available for informational purposes only and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference in this 
report.

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

The following risk factors and other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K should be carefully considered.  
The risks and uncertainties described below address the most materials risks, of which we are currently aware but are not the 
only ones we face.  Therefore, the following risk factors should not be considered a complete list of potential risks that we may 
face.

Any  risk  factor  described  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  or  in  any  of  our  other  SEC  filings,  or  any  risk  not  currently 
known to us or that we currently anticipate to be immaterial may, by itself, or together with other factors, materially adversely 
affect  our  business,  reputation,  prospects,  competitive  position,  liquidity,  results  of  operations,  capital  position  or  financial 
condition, including by materially increasing our expenses or decreasing our revenues or profits, which could result in material 
losses.  If any of these risks occur, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and investors could lose all or part of 
their investment.

While insurance coverage may be applicable to help address certain risks that may result in losses, recovery pursuant to our 
insurance  policies  may  not  be  available,  and  available  insurance  may  be  insufficient  to  compensate  for  damages,  expenses, 
fines, penalties, and other losses we may incur as a result of these and other risks.

In this ITEM 1A, unless the context otherwise clearly indicates, references to our “services” include any services, products or 
solutions provided, or made available, by us.

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Summary

• We  may  experience  a  significant  and  extended  reduction  in  the  demand  for  our  default-related  services  due  to  the 
continued low number of residential mortgage foreclosures, extended time periods from foreclosure starts to sales, the 
reduction  in  rates  of  foreclosures  starts  converting  to  foreclosure  sales  and  reduced  supply  of  Real  Estates  Owned 
inventory  resulting  from  loss  mitigation  and  borrower  relief  measures,  fiscal  policies,  and  other  relevant  economic 
conditions.

• We earn a significant portion of our revenue in connection with providing services to two customers.

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Changes that reduce or limit the use of online default real estate auctions or otherwise reduce the volume or rate of 
success of such auctions can negatively impact us.

If our agreement with Rithm is terminated, expires, is breached, or suffers a significant reduction in volume we could 
be adversely affected.

Technology disruptions, failures, defects or inadequacies, delays or difficulties in implementing software or hardware 
changes, acts of vandalism or the introduction of harmful code could negatively impact us.

• We depend on our ability to use services, products, data and infrastructure provided by third parties to maintain and 

grow our businesses.

• We may not successfully detect fraudulent activity, which could impact our services, our clients or third parties and 

could adversely affect our reputation and our results of operations.

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The  Company’s  databases  contain  our  proprietary  information,  the  proprietary  information  of  third  parties  and 
personal  information  of  our  customers,  consumers,  vendors  and  employees.    Our  failure  to  comply  with  applicable 
information  management  requirements  or  best  practices  or  the  legal  rights  of  individuals  about  whom  we  collect  or 
process personal information, or an unauthorized disclosure or processing of information, or our failure to comply with 
required disclosures or notifications related to unauthorized disclosure or processing of information, could subject us 
to adverse publicity, investigations, fines, costly government enforcement actions or private litigation and expenses.

Our  business  continuity  and  disaster  recovery  plans  and  other  adjustments  to  business  may  not  be  sufficient  to 
anticipate impacts of, or address or adequately recover from, business interruptions or a pandemic.

The insurance underwriting loss limitation methods we use may not be effective or sufficient.

Under  certain  material  agreements  to  which  we  are  currently  a  party  or  into  which  we  may  enter  in  the  future,  the 
formation  by  shareholders  of  Altisource  of  a  “group”  with  beneficial  ownership  of  a  defined  percentage  of  the 
combined voting power or economic interest of Altisource capital stock exceeding a defined percentage may give rise 
to a termination event or an event of default.

The majority of our employees and contractors work from locations other than our facilities, which could negatively 
impact our control environment or productivity and create additional risks.

• We rely on vendors for many aspects of our business.  If our vendor oversight activities are ineffective, we may fail to 
meet  customer  or  regulatory  requirements.    We  may  face  difficulties  sourcing  required  vendors  or  supplies  or 
managing our relationships with vendors.

• We make extensive use of contractors in certain of our lines of business.  If we are required to reclassify contractors as 

employees, we may incur fines and penalties and additional costs and taxes.

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There  can  be  no  guarantee  that  we  will  be  able  to  continue  to  implement  appropriate  measures  to  manage  potential 
conflicts of interest.

Our  success  depends  on  the  relevant  industry  experience  and  relationships  of  certain  members  of  our  Board  of 
Directors, executive officers and other key personnel.

• We may face difficulties to attract, motivate and retain skilled employees.

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The presence of our operations in multiple countries subjects us to risks endemic to those countries.

• We may be unable to realize sales represented by our awarded business or sales pipeline.

• We  may  fail  to  adapt  our  services  to  changes  in  technology  or  in  the  marketplace  related  to  mortgage  servicing  or 

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origination, changing requirements of governmental authorities, GSEs and customers.
Business expansion involves potential risks.
Acquisitions to accelerate growth initiatives involve potential risks.
Changes in economic and market conditions that reduce residential real estate sales or values or mortgage origination 
volumes could negatively impact demand for our services.
A reduction in residential mortgage delinquencies, defaults or foreclosures in the United States can negatively affect 
demand for certain of our services.

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Developments that impact residential foreclosures or the supply, sale price or sale of REO could negatively impact us.

Changes  to  real  estate  brokerage  commission  structures  or  rates  paid  for  residential  property  transactions  could 
negatively impact us.

• We may never pay dividends on our common stock so any returns would be limited to the potential appreciation of our 

stock.

• We  may  take  advantage  of  specified  reduced  disclosure  requirements  applicable  to  a  “smaller  reporting  company” 
under Regulation S-K, and the information that we provide to stockholders may be different than they might receive 
from other public companies.

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The market price and trading volume of our stock may be volatile.

If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow or access the capital markets or our borrowing capacity is reduced, 
our liquidity and competitive position may be negatively affected.

Our  level  of  debt  and  the  variable  interest  rate  on  our  term  loan  makes  us  sensitive  to  the  effects  of  our  current 
financial performance and interest rate increases; our level of debt and provisions in our senior secured term loan and 
revolving credit facility could limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry.

Our failure to comply with the covenants or terms contained in our senior secured term loan agreements or our credit 
facility, including as a result of events beyond our control, could result in an event of default.

• We may be unable to exercise the option to extend the maturity of our loan agreements (Amended Credit Agreement 
and Revolver) from April 2025 to April 2026.  We may be unable to repay or refinance the balance of our loans under 
the Amended Credit Agreement or Revolver upon maturity, particularly if cash from operations fails to significantly 
improve, assets are not readily available for sale and sold or we are unable to timely refinance on favorable terms or at 
all.

• We have a significant net operating loss recognized by one of our Luxembourg subsidiaries.  We may not be able to 

fully utilize this deferred tax asset before the net operating loss expires.

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Cash, cash equivalents and escrow funds we hold at financial institutions could be lost and not recoverable.

The  rights  of  shareholders  under  Luxembourg  law  may  differ  in  certain  respects  from  the  rights  afforded  to 
shareholders of companies organized under laws in other jurisdictions.

Luxembourg tax law could have a negative impact on us.

Our business and the business of our customers are subject to extensive scrutiny and legal requirements.

Failure to comply with US sanctions, including blocking certain activities in Sanctioned Countries, could expose the 
company to penalties and other adverse consequences.

• We are subject to licensing and regulation as a provider of certain services and our failure to maintain licensing or to 
comply  with  licensing  or  regulatory  requirements  could  adversely  impact  our  ability  to  continue  performing  the 
services in compliance with the applicable legal or contractual requirements.

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A violation by our customers of applicable legal requirements in the selection or use of our services could generate 
legal liability or additional expense for us.

Certain of our customers are subject to governmental oversight, regulations, orders, judgments or settlements which 
may impose certain obligations and limitations on their use of our services.

The tax regulations, and the interpretation thereof, in the countries, states and local jurisdictions in which we operate 
periodically  change  and  our  operations  and  intercompany  arrangements  are  subject  to  the  tax  laws  of  various 
jurisdictions.

Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic

We may experience a significant and extended reduction in the demand for our default-related services due to the continued 
reduction in residential mortgage foreclosures, extended time periods from foreclosure starts to sales, the reduction in rates of 
foreclosure  starts  converting  to  foreclosure  sales  and  reduced  supply  of  REO  inventory  resulting  from  loss  mitigation  and 
borrower relief measures, fiscal policies, and other relevant economic conditions.

Actions  taken  by  federal,  state  and  local  governments,  GSEs  and  mortgage  servicers  in  connection  with  the  COVID-19 
pandemic  continue  to  have  a  profound  impact  on  our  business,  our  customers,  and  the  industries  in  which  we  operate.    In 
response  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  beginning  in  March  2020,  various  governmental  entities  and  servicers  implemented 
unprecedented foreclosure and eviction moratoriums, forbearance programs and loss mitigation measures to help mitigate the 
impact to borrowers and renters (collectively, “Relief Measures”).  The Federal government’s foreclosure moratorium expired 
on July 1, 2021 and the CFPB’s temporary loss mitigation measures expired on December 31, 2021.  Despite the expiration of 

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these  and  certain  other  governmental  measures,  we  believe  servicers  are  proceeding  slowly  with  foreclosure  initiations  for 
borrowers in default.  Industrywide foreclosure starts were 4% lower in 2023 compared to 2022, and 31% lower than the same 
pre-COVID-19 period in 2019.  The average length of time loans in foreclosure have been delinquent extended to 34 months in 
2023 from 29 months in 2019.

Industrywide foreclosure sales were 8% higher in 2023 compared to 2022, and 46% lower than the same pre-COVID-19 period 
in  2019.    Foreclosure  sales  as  a  percentage  of  foreclosure  inventory  has  declined  to  37%  in  2023  from  51%  in  2019.    The 
decline  in  foreclosure  initiations  and  foreclosure  sales  throughout  the  pandemic,  partially  offset  by  the  restart  of  the  default 
market,  significantly  decreased  default  related  referrals  to  us  and  continues  to  negatively  impact  virtually  all  of  our  default 
related services revenue. 

We  anticipate  that  we  will  continue  to  experience  significant  impacts  of  the  Relief  Measures  and  cannot  predict  when  those 
impacts  may  begin  to  abate.    Based  on  the  expirations  of  certain  Relief  Measures,  we  believe  the  demand  for  our  Default 
business  will  grow,  but  our  estimate  may  not  be  correct  and  is  subject  to  macro  and  micro  economic  factors  that  could 
negatively impact us.  We estimate that in today’s environment it typically takes on average two years to convert foreclosure 
initiations to foreclosure sales and six months to market and sell the REO, but multiple factors could impact this estimate.  The 
extent  and  duration  of  the  impact  of  the  Relief  Measures  and  societal  responses  will  depend  on  future  developments  which 
remain highly uncertain.  As a result, it is difficult to predict the impact on our business and the timing for the recovery of the 
default market, if it recovers at all. 

Volatile or uncertain economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, as well as governmental 
fiscal policies and other relevant economic conditions, have and may continue to affect our customers and the markets we serve, 
causing customers to reduce, defer or eliminate spending on our services.

Risks Related to Our Business and Operations 

We earn a significant portion of our revenue in connection with providing services to two customers.

A  significant  portion  of  our  revenue  is  earned  from  providing  services  to  Ocwen  and  Rithm.    If  either  party  substantially 
reduces the scope or volume of services acquired from us, or otherwise ceases using us as a vendor, it would negatively impact 
our business.  For example, we could experience a reduction in scope or volume of business as a direct or indirect result of the 
existence  or  outcome  of  regulatory  matters  impacting  one  or  more  of  these  clients,  a  change  in  the  servicing  relationship 
between these clients, a reduction in the MSRs for which Ocwen or Rithm acts as a servicer or subservicer or controls the rights 
to designate service providers, or a change in the contractual relationship between Altisource and Ocwen or Rithm.  In addition, 
providing services to these customers affords us the opportunity to provide certain services to third parties and the loss of these 
customers or reduction in the quantity of services provided to these customers would also result in the loss or reduction of these 
additional revenue streams.  For example, we may have the opportunity to earn commissions or fees from, or we may be able to 
provide  on-line  auction  services,  title  insurance  and  escrow  services,  or  other  services  to,  buyers  on  certain  real  estate 
transactions, and the loss or reduction in the number of these customers would also prevent us from offering these additional 
services  related  to  the  underlying  transaction.    Customer  concentration  also  exposes  us  to  concentrated  credit  risk,  as  a 
significant portion of our accounts receivable may be from one or both of these customers.

If  the  characteristics  of  the  portfolios  of  properties  on  which  we  provide  services  for  either  of  these  customers  were  to 
significantly change, for example to become less delinquent, more rural or lower value, this could impact the type and volume 
of services that we provide, increase our costs of doing business, or reduce the value of commissions or fees we earn.

Our business concentration or relationships with these two customers may be viewed as a risk or otherwise negatively by other 
customers or potential customers, impeding our efforts to retain customers or obtain new customers.

Changes that reduce or limit the use of online default real estate auctions or otherwise reduce the volume or rate of success of 
such auctions can negatively impact our auction marketplace, real estate brokerage and related default services.

Governmental,  GSE,  servicer  or  investor  actions  or  action  by  others  that  restrict  online  real  estate  auctions  (foreclosure  and 
REO), reduce the permissible fees or direct the use of auction providers other than us, could negatively impact demand for our 
auction  marketplace,  real  estate  brokerage  and  related  services,  and  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  meet  certain  contractual 
performance metrics, including those related to aging of assets, time on market and sale price compared to valuation.  If we fail 
to satisfy applicable performance metrics or perform in a manner satisfactory to our customers, such customers may reduce the 
services they acquire from us or otherwise terminate us as a provider.

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We entered into a brokerage agreement with Rithm’s licensed brokerage subsidiary.  If the agreement is terminated, expires, is 
breached  or  if  there  is  a  significant  reduction  in  the  volume  of  services  that  we  provide  pursuant  to  such  agreement,  our 
business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

On  August  28,  2017,  Altisource,  through  its  licensed  subsidiaries,  entered  into  the  Brokerage  Agreement  with  Rithm  which 
extends  through  August  2025  (“Brokerage  Agreement”).    Under  this  agreement  and  related  amendments,  Altisource  is  the 
exclusive provider (with certain exceptions) of brokerage services for REO associated with the certain MSR through August 
2025,  irrespective  of  the  subservicer,  as  long  as  Rithm  owns  such  MSRs.    The  Brokerage  Agreement  may  be  terminated  by 
Rithm upon the occurrence of certain specified events.  Termination events include, but are not limited to, a breach of the terms 
of the Brokerage Agreement (including, without limitation, the failure to meet performance standards and non-compliance with 
law  in  a  material  respect),  the  failure  to  maintain  licenses  which  failure  materially  prevents  performance  of  the  contract, 
regulatory  allegations  of  non-compliance  resulting  in  an  adversarial  proceeding  against  Rithm,  voluntary  or  involuntary 
bankruptcy,  appointment  of  a  receiver,  disclosure  in  a  Form  10-K  or  Form  10-Q  that  there  is  significant  uncertainty  about 
Altisource’s ability to continue as a going concern, failure to maintain a specified level of cash and an unapproved change of 
control.  Rithm could decide to not renew or extend the term of the Brokerage Agreement upon its termination in August 2025, 
in which case Rithm may elect to use a brokerage service provider other than the Altisource subsidiaries for some or all of its 
REO.  If any one of these termination events occurs and the Brokerage Agreement is terminated or if the Brokerage Agreement 
is not renewed or extended, Altisource’s business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

In  addition,  Rithm  operational  changes,  breach  of  the  Brokerage  Agreement  or  other  actions  that  reduce  the  number  of 
properties converting to REO status could: (i) reduce the volume of services that we provide on the applicable MSRs pursuant 
to our agreements with Ocwen, and (ii) reduce the volume of services that we provide pursuant to the Brokerage Agreement.

Technology disruptions, failures, defects or inadequacies, delays or difficulties in implementing software or hardware changes, 
acts of vandalism or the introduction of harmful code could damage our business operations and increase our costs.

We  rely  on  critical  technology  to  provide  certain  of  our  services.    We  rely  on  our  proprietary  technology  in  our  Hubzu  real 
estate  marketing,  Equator,  Equator.com,  NestRange,  LOLA,  REALSynergy,  RentRange,  TrelixTM  Connect,  Vendorly®  and 
other platforms.  Certain of our proprietary technology includes licensed open source and third-party code or may be created or 
maintained by using artificial intelligence, low-code or other coding techniques that contain inherent risks.  We also leverage 
third-party technology to provide certain of our services, including using third-party order management and billing technology, 
and  using  third-party  technology  to  access  data  or  take  actions,  such  as  governmental  filings,  and  externally  hosted  and 
managed  data  centers  and  operating  environments.    Disruptions,  failures,  defects  or  inadequacies  in  our  technology  or  third-
party  technology  or  related  services  we  utilize,  delays  or  errors  in  developing  or  maintaining  our  technology,  or  acts  of 
vandalism,  misuse  or  malicious  use  of  our  solutions,  system  attacks  or  the  introduction  of  malicious  code  in  technology  we 
utilize, the use of outdated or unsupported open source or third-party code, or the use of defective, compromised or insecure 
code  may  interrupt  or  delay  our  ability  to  provide  products  or  services  to  our  customers,  impact  our  ability  to  satisfy 
performance requirements, or cause the loss, corruption or disclosure of data.  We may be a target for network hackers or others 
with malicious intent due to our storage and processing of consumer information as part of providing our services or as a result 
of  operating  public-facing  technology  platforms,  including,  for  example,  our  Hubzu  marketing  platform.    Any  sustained  and 
repeated disruptions in these services may have an adverse impact on our and our customers’ business and results of operations 
and,  in  the  case  of  acts  of  vandalism  or  introduction  of  harmful  code,  could  necessitate  improvements  to  our  physical  and 
cybersecurity practices that may require an investment of money, time and resources. 

Many  of  our  services  and  processes  require  effective  interoperation  with  internal  and  external  technology  platforms  and 
services,  and  failures  in  such  interoperation  could  have  a  negative  impact  on  our  operations  and  the  operations  of  our 
customers.

Further, our customers may require changes and improvements to the systems we provide to them to manage the volume and 
complexity,  laws  or  regulations  of  their  businesses,  or  to  interoperate  with  other  systems,  which  changes  and  improvements 
may be unfeasible, unsuccessful, costly or time-consuming to implement or may create disruptions in our provision of services 
to customers.  Our customers may refuse to agree to modifications to technology or infrastructure that we provide to them or 
that  interoperate  with  the  technology  or  infrastructure  we  provide  to  them  that  we  may  believe  are  desirable  to  improve  the 
reliability,  performance,  efficiency  or  cost  in  delivering.    Additionally,  the  improper  implementation  or  use  of  Altisource 
technology, such as Equator, by customers could adversely impact the operation of that technology, and potentially cause harm 
to our reputation, loss of customers, negative publicity or exposure to liability claims or government investigations or actions.

We depend on our ability to use services, products, data and infrastructure provided by third parties to maintain and grow our 
businesses.

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We rely on certain third parties to provide services, products and solutions including certain data, infrastructure, technology, 
systems  and  functionality  including  a  third-party  hosted  and  managed  data  center  and  operating  environment  (collectively, 
“Inputs”) critical to our services, including our Hubzu real estate marketing, Equator, Field Services, NestRange, RentRange, 
Trelix  Connect,  Vendorly,  and  other  solutions.    The  failure  of  such  third  parties  to  provide  or  make  available  the  Inputs  in 
accordance with applicable requirements could negatively impact our ability to provide our services or perform transactions and 
to meet our obligations.  In addition, these third parties could cease providing or reduce the availability, type, details or other 
aspects of the Inputs, and change the pricing, performance or functionality of the Inputs.  If such Inputs become unavailable or 
too expensive and we are unable to obtain suitable alternatives and efficiently and effectively integrate these alternatives into 
our  service  offerings  or  infrastructure,  we  could  experience  service  disruptions,  increased  costs  and  reduced  quality  of  our 
services. 

We  may  not  successfully  detect  fraudulent  activity,  which  could  impact  our  services,  our  clients  or  third  parties  and  could 
adversely affect our reputation and our results of operations.

Our  provision  of  certain  services  in  connection  with  real  estate-related  transactions  relies  upon  information  provided  by 
employees and third parties, including our vendors, and upon certain technology systems. The provisions of such services could 
be  negatively  impacted  by  fraudulent  or  incorrect  information  provided  by  employees  or  third  parties.  Vulnerabilities  in 
technology systems on which we rely to provide certain services could permit employees or third parties to introduce fraudulent 
information into those systems or otherwise compromise those systems, impacting our ability to provide services without error. 
If we are not able to detect that information on which we rely to provide services is inaccurate or fraudulent, or that systems are 
compromised, we may take actions in providing certain services which could damage third parties or our clients. Employees 
and third parties have in the past conducted, and may attempt in the future to conduct, fraudulent activity, which may result in, 
among others, transferring funds to fraudulent actors, paying for services which were not performed or failed to meet applicable 
requirements,  disbursing  construction  funds  when  applicable  conditions  have  not  been  satisfied,  selling  real  estate  for  below 
market values, issuing title insurance based on fraudulent ownership documentation, underwriting mortgage applications based 
on fraudulent information and insuring fraudulent mortgages. Persistent and pervasive fraudulent activity may harm our client 
relationships  and  our  reputation  and  could  result  in  financial  loss,  thereby  adversely  affecting  our  business  and  results  of 
operations.	

The  Company’s  databases  contain  our  proprietary  information,  the  proprietary  information  of  third  parties  and  personal 
information  of  our  customers,  consumers,  vendors  and  employees.    Our  failure  to  comply  with  applicable  information 
management  requirements  or  best  practices  or  the  legal  rights  of  individuals  about  whom  we  collect  or  process  personal 
information, or an unauthorized disclosure or processing of information, or our failure to comply with required disclosures or 
notifications  related  to  unauthorized  disclosure  or  processing  of  information,  could  subject  us  to  adverse  publicity, 
investigations, fines, costly government enforcement actions or private litigation and expenses.

As  part  of  our  business  we  collect,  store,  process,  transfer  and  dispose  in  tangible  and  electronic  forms  customer,  consumer, 
vendor and employee personal information (“PI”).  We and our vendors rely on processes that are intended to provide necessary 
notices,  processes  and  controls  regarding  the  collection,  storage,  processing  and  destruction  of  PI,  and  to  permit  subjects  to 
exercise their legal rights concerning their PI in our possession.  If those notices, processes or controls are not sufficient, or our 
processes  or  controls  experience  an  error  or  other  disruption,  we  or  our  vendors  may  fail  to  comply  with  applicable 
requirements concerning PI.  In addition, we rely on the security of our facilities, networks, databases, systems, processes and 
controls,  and,  in  certain  circumstances,  third  parties,  such  as  vendors,  to  protect  PI.    If  such  facilities,  networks,  databases, 
systems, processes and controls, or those of our customers or vendors, are not effective, are outdated or compromised, or do not 
exist, or if we, our customers or vendors fail to detect or respond to attacks or intrusions, unauthorized parties may gain access 
to  our  networks  or  databases  or  information,  or  those  of  our  customers  or  vendors  with  which  we  interconnect  or  share 
information,  and  they  may  be  able  to  steal,  publish,  delete,  or  modify  PI.    In  addition,  employees  may  intentionally  or 
inadvertently process PI in an unauthorized manner or cause data or security breaches that result in unauthorized release of such 
PI.    Further,  our  efforts  to  process,  delete  or  destroy  PI  may  not  be  consistent  with  our  disclosed  policies  or  may  not  be 
successful,  resulting  in  the  theft  or  unintentional  disclosure  of  PI,  including  when  disposing  of  media  on  which  PI  may  be 
stored.  In such circumstances, our business could be harmed and we could be liable to our customers, employees or vendors, or 
to regulators, consumers or other parties, as well as be subject to disclosure or notification requirements, and regulatory or other 
actions for breaching applicable laws, failing to make or provide required disclosures or notifications, or failing to adequately 
protect  such  information.    This  could  result  in  costly  investigations  and  litigation,  civil  or  criminal  penalties,  large  scale 
remediation  requirements,  operational  changes  or  other  response  measures,  significant  penalties,  fines,  settlements,  costs, 
consent orders, loss of consumer confidence in our security measures and negative publicity.

The  inadequacy,  disruption  or  failure  of  our  business  continuity  or  disaster  recovery  plans  and  procedures  in  response  to 
significant business or system disruption could adversely affect our business.

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Our  business  continuity  and  disaster  recovery  plans  and  other  adjustments  to  business  may  not  be  sufficient  to  anticipate 
impacts of, or address or adequately recover from, business interruptions or a pandemic, or may not be implemented on a timely 
or error free basis in response to business interruptions or a pandemic, resulting in negative operational impacts and errors.

The insurance underwriting loss limitation methods we use may not be effective or sufficient.

Altisource, through its subsidiary Association of Certified Mortgage Originators Risk Retention Group, Inc., provides certified 
loan insurance to its customers.  Altisource reduces a portion of its risk of insurance loss through third-party reinsurance.  The 
incidence and severity of claims against insurance policies are inherently unpredictable.  Although we attempt to manage our 
exposure  to  insurance  underwriting  risk  through  the  use  of  disciplined  underwriting  controls  and  the  purchase  of  third-party 
reinsurance, we maintain first loss exposure and the frequency and severity of claims could be greater than contemplated in our 
pricing and risk management methods and our controls and mitigation efforts may not be effective or sufficient.

We also face counterparty risk when purchasing reinsurance from third-party reinsurers.  The insolvency or unwillingness of 
any of our present or future reinsurers to contract with us or make timely payments to us under the terms of our reinsurance 
agreements could have an adverse effect on us.  Further, there is no certainty that we will be able to purchase the amount or 
type of reinsurance we desire in the future or that the reinsurance we desire will be available on terms we consider acceptable or 
with reinsurers with whom we want to do business.

Under certain material agreements to which we are currently a party or into which we may enter in the future, the formation by 
shareholders of Altisource of a “group” with beneficial ownership of a defined percentage of the combined voting power or 
economic interest of Altisource capital stock exceeding a defined percentage may give rise to a termination event or an event of 
default.

Under certain of our material agreements a change of control would be deemed to occur if, among other things, a “group” (as 
that term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) is formed by shareholders holding beneficial ownership of a 
defined percentage of the combined voting power or economic interest of our capital stock.  The Brokerage Agreement with 
Rithm’s licensed brokerage subsidiary contains a similar provision, and we may enter into material agreements in the future that 
contain similar provisions.  The formation of a “group” could occur without the involvement of or input by us, and we are not 
in a position to prevent such an event from occurring.  Such a change of control could constitute a termination event or an event 
of default under these agreements. 

Risks Related to Human Capital

The majority of our employees and contractors work from locations other than in our facilities, which could negatively impact 
our  control  environment  or  productivity  and  create  additional  risks  for  our  business,  including  increasing  our  risk  for 
cybersecurity breaches or failures.

A significant portion of our workforce works from locations other than our facilities (“Remote Work Environment”).  We may 
incur significant costs associated with the Remote Work Environment and we may not be able to increase our fees to cover the 
additional  costs.    Employing  a  Remote  Work  Environment  could  decrease  workforce  productivity,  including  due  to  a  lower 
level  of  oversight,  supervision  or  monitoring,  increased  distractions,  impediments  to  real-time  communication  or  other 
challenges to effective collaboration, use of slower residential internet connections, the instability, inadequacy or unavailability 
of our network, unstable electrical services or unreliable internet access.  We also may face increased data privacy and security 
risks resulting from the use of non-Altisource networks to access information and to provide services.

Additional risks to our systems and data as well as customer, vendor and borrower data include increased phishing activities 
targeting our workforce, vendors and counterparties in transactions and the possibility of attacks on our systems or systems of 
our  remote  workforce.    A  Remote  Work  Environment  could  also  negatively  impact  certain  controls,  such  as  our  financial 
reporting  systems,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  and  controls  designed  to 
detect or prevent misconduct.  If any reduction in productivity or data privacy or cybersecurity failures or breaches or issues 
with our controls occurs, we may incur additional costs to address such issues and our financial condition and results may be 
adversely impacted.

In addition, our Remote Work Environment may result in difficulties creating and maintaining current and accurate records of 
where our employees are working.  Such uncertainty in employee location may subject us to risks related to taxing jurisdictions 
or maintaining certain licenses.

We rely on vendors for many aspects of our business.  If our vendor oversight activities are ineffective, we may fail to meet 
customer  or  regulatory  requirements.    We  may  face  difficulties  sourcing  required  vendors  or  supplies  or  managing  our 
relationships with vendors.

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We  rely  on  vendors  to  provide  goods  and  services  in  relation  to  many  aspects  of  our  operations,  including  field  services 
providers  and  certain  providers  of  web-based  services  or  software  as  services.    Our  dependence  on  these  vendors  makes  our 
operations  vulnerable  to  the  unavailability  of  such  vendors,  the  pricing  and  quality  of  services  and  products  offered  by  such 
vendors,  solvency  of  those  vendors,  security  failures  of  those  vendors,  deficiencies  and  failures  of  business  continuity  and 
disaster recovery plans and efforts of such vendors, and such vendors’ failure to perform adequately under our agreements with 
them.    In  addition,  where  a  vendor  provides  services  or  products  that  we  are  required  to  provide  under  a  contract  with  a 
customer, we are generally responsible for such performance and could be held accountable by the customer for any failure of 
performance by our vendors or related defects.  If our vendor sourcing efforts are not effective or if we are otherwise not able to 
secure an appropriate supply and quality of vendors, services or supplies, if vendors are unable to hire or retain employees or 
acquire supplies or are prohibited or prevented from performing the services or providing the products for which we contract, 
including as the result of restrictions imposed by state or local governments or health departments, we may be unable to provide 
services or compliant services or services may become more expensive.  If our vendor oversight activities are ineffective, if a 
vendor  fails  to  provide  the  services  or  products  that  we  require  or  expect  or  fails  to  meet  contractual  requirements,  such  as 
service  levels  or  compliance  with  applicable  laws,  or  a  vendor  engages  in  misconduct,  the  failure  or  misconduct  could 
negatively  impact  our  business  by  adversely  affecting  our  ability  to  serve  our  customers  or  subjecting  us  to  litigation  and 
regulatory risk for ineffective vendor oversight.  Furthermore, the failure to obtain services or products at anticipated pricing 
could impact our cost structure and the prices of our services and we may not be able to increase our fees to cover the additional 
costs.  In addition, Altisource may be contractually required by its customers or by applicable regulations to oversee its vendors 
and  document  procedures  performed  to  demonstrate  that  oversight.    If  we  fail  to  meet  such  customer  or  regulatory 
requirements,  or  we  face  difficulties  managing  our  relationships  with  vendors,  we  may  lose  customers  or  may  no  longer  be 
granted referrals for certain services or could be subject to adverse regulatory action.

We  make  extensive  use  of  contractors  in  certain  of  our  lines  of  business.    If  we  are  required  to  reclassify  contractors  as 
employees, we may incur fines and penalties and additional costs and taxes.

A significant number of contractors provide services in our operations for which we do not pay or withhold any federal, state or 
local employment tax or provide employee benefits.  These contractors may be retained by us or retained by vendors providing 
services to us.  There are a number of tests used in determining whether an individual is an employee or a contractor.  There can 
be no assurance that we are in compliance, or that legislative, judicial or regulatory (including tax) authorities will not introduce 
proposals or assert interpretations of existing rules and regulations that would change, or at least challenge, the classification of 
our  contractors.    The  United  States  Internal  Revenue  Service  or  other  United  States  federal  or  state  authorities  or  similar 
authorities of a foreign government may determine that we or our vendors have misclassified our contractors for employment 
tax  or  other  purposes  and,  as  a  result,  seek  additional  taxes  from  us,  require  us  to  pay  certain  compensation  or  benefits  to 
wrongly classified employees, or attempt to impose fines or penalties.  In addition, contractors, or contractors or employees of 
our vendors, may assert claims that they are our employees and seek to recover compensation, benefits, damages and penalties 
from us.  If we are required to pay employer taxes, pay backup withholding compensation, benefits, damages or penalties with 
respect to or on behalf of our contractors or contractors or employees of our vendors, our operating costs will increase.

We  could  have  conflicts  of  interest  with  Ocwen,  Rithm,  Deer  Park  Road  Management  Company  L.P.,  or  affiliates  of  the 
foregoing, and/or certain of our shareholders, members of management, employees and members of our Board of Directors, 
which may be resolved in a manner adverse to us.

We  have  significant  business  relationships  with  and  provide  services  to  Ocwen  and  to  Rithm,  and  we  have  business 
relationships with certain companies in which William C. Erbey has invested.  We also have a revolving credit facility with a 
fund managed by Deer Park Road Management Company L.P. (together with its affiliates and managed funds, “Deer Park”), 
and Deer Park owns Altisource debt as a lender pursuant to our senior secured term loan agreement, as amended and restated 
with an effective date of February 14, 2023 (the “Amended Credit Agreement”).  Deer Park and William C. Erbey (directly or 
through trust or investment vehicles in which he has sole voting and investment power) have disclosed that they own equity 
interests in Altisource representing approximately 16% and 23%, respectively, of Altisource’s outstanding common stock as of 
December 31, 2023.  As of December 31, 2023, Deer Park owned approximately 18% of Altisource’s debt under the Amended 
Credit Agreement and held 292 thousand warrants received in connection with the February 2023 debt amendment.  Certain 
members of our management and independent members of our Board of Directors (or entities affiliated with such members of 
the Board of Directors) have direct or beneficial equity interests in one or more of Altisource, Ocwen and Rithm, including in 
one instance, equity interests in both Ocwen (estimated to be approximately 8%) and Altisource (approximately 16%) as well as 
debt of both of these companies.  Such interests and relationships could create, or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest 
with respect to matters involving or affecting us and Ocwen, Rithm, Deer Park, William C. Erbey or their affiliates.  There can 
be  no  assurance  that  we  will  implement  measures  that  will  enable  us  to  manage  such  potential  conflicts.    There  can  be  no 
assurance that any current or future measures that may be implemented to manage potential conflicts will be effective or that we 
will be able to manage or resolve all potential conflicts with Ocwen, Rithm, Deer Park, William C. Erbey or their affiliates and, 

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even if we do, that the resolution will be no less favorable to us than if we were dealing with another third-party that has none 
of the connections we have with Ocwen, Rithm, Deer Park or William C. Erbey.  There can be no guarantee that we will be able 
to continue to implement appropriate measures to manage these potential conflicts of interest.

Our  success  depends  on  the  relevant  industry  experience  and  relationships  of  certain  members  of  our  Board  of  Directors, 
executive officers and other key personnel.

Our success is dependent on the efforts and abilities of members of our Board of Directors, our executive officers and other key 
employees,  many  of  whom  have  significant  experience  in  the  real  estate  and  mortgage,  financial  services  and  technology 
industries or play a substantial role in our relationship with certain customers.  We are dependent on the services of members of 
our  Board  of  Directors  and  key  executives  at  our  corporate  headquarters  and  personnel  at  each  of  our  lines  of  business  and 
support  groups.    In  addition,  certain  members  of  our  Board  of  Directors,  executive  officers  or  other  key  employees  have 
relationships with certain customers or vendors that facilitate our business and operations.  The loss of the services of any of 
these members of our Board of Directors, executives or key personnel could have an adverse effect on our business and results 
of operations or relationships with certain customers or vendors.

To  maintain  our  substance  and  leadership  as  a  Luxembourg  company,  we  seek  to  convene  at  least  one  Board  of  Directors 
meeting in Luxembourg each year and our executive management is largely based in Luxembourg.  The travel required by our 
directors to Luxembourg, and potential future restrictions on and requirements for such travel, may serve as an impediment to 
attract  and  retain  directors  and  director  candidates.    Our  Luxembourg  location  can  also  make  it  difficult  to  attract  and  retain 
executive officers and other senior leadership and to achieve diversity and succession planning in such roles.

We may face difficulties to attract, motivate and retain skilled employees.

Our  business  is  labor  intensive  and  places  significant  importance  on  our  ability  to  recruit,  engage,  train  and  retain  skilled 
employees.  Additionally, demand for qualified professionals with experience in certain businesses or technologies may exceed 
available supply.  Our ability to recruit and train employees is critical to achieving our growth objective.  Further, some of our 
business  operations  require  recruiting  and  retaining  employees  with  certain  professional  licenses,  particularly  in  the  United 
States.    An  increase  in  demand  for  professionals  licensed  to  work  in  our  origination,  real  estate  brokerage  and  auction,  and 
default  business,  and  significant  turnover  in  those  areas,  may  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  attract  and  retain  such 
professionals.  We face inflationary wage pressures which may continue for an extended period.  We may continue to encounter 
significant  challenges  in  attracting  and  retaining  employees  as  needed  to  satisfy  demand  or  growth  expectations  for  our 
services,  or  to  be  able  to  limit  compensation  related  costs  to  make  operations  economically  viable.    We  may  not  be  able  to 
attract and retain skilled employees.  We may face an increase in wages or other costs of attracting, training or retaining skilled 
employees.    In  addition,  attrition  of  current  employees  may  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  provide  services  of  a  quality  or 
volume that satisfy applicable contractual obligations or that support our planned growth or expansion of services. 

The presence of our operations in multiple countries subjects us to risks endemic to those countries.

We have employees and operations outside of the United States, in countries such as Luxembourg, India and Uruguay.  The 
occurrence  of  natural  disasters,  epidemics  or  other  health  emergencies,  or  political  or  economic  instability  impacting  these 
countries, could interfere with work performed by these labor sources or could result in us having to replace or reduce these 
labor sources. 

We  operate  in  jurisdictions  that  have  experienced  corruption,  bribery  and  other  similar  practices  from  time-to-time.    We  are 
subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions, and the failure to comply 
with these laws could result in substantial penalties.

Furthermore, the practice of utilizing labor based in foreign countries has at times come under increased scrutiny in the United 
States.  Governmental authorities could seek to impose financial costs or restrictions on foreign companies providing services to 
customers in the United States.  Governmental authorities may attempt to prohibit or otherwise discourage our United States-
based customers from sourcing services from foreign companies and, as a result, some of our customers may require us to use 
labor based in the United States or cease doing business with Altisource.  In addition, some of our customers may require us to 
use labor based in the United States for other reasons.  To the extent that we are required to use labor based in the United States, 
we may not be able to pass on the increased costs of higher-priced United States-based labor to our customers.

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Risks Related to Our Growth Strategy

We may be unable to realize sales represented by our awarded business or sales pipeline.

As  part  of  our  business  and  financial  planning,  we  make  assumptions  about  the  quantity  and  timing  of  services  that  our 
customers and prospective customers will order from us.  In many instances, however, our customers may not be obligated to 
acquire our services or may only be obligated to acquire our services to the extent the customer can make use of such services.  
Our volume of sales may not materialize to the extent our customers or prospect customers elect to use providers of services 
other than us, or if economic, industry or company specific conditions exist such that our customers or prospect customers do 
not require the assumed quantity of services or reduce the fees paid for the services.  For example, economic conditions and 
restrictions instituted by governmental authorities, GSEs, servicers or investors, or the sale, consolidation or failure of current 
or potential customers, may negatively impact the quantity or timing of customer demand for our services despite the existence 
of an agreement.  Our customers may use more than one provider for given services resulting in such customers varying over 
time  the  quantity  or  mix  of  services  acquired  from  us  versus  other  providers.    Even  in  cases  where  our  customer  contracts 
require  minimum  purchases  by  a  customer,  we  may  be  unable  or  we  may  determine  that  it  is  inadvisable  for  us  to  seek  to 
enforce or collect upon the contractual minimums.

We may fail to adapt our services to changes in technology or in the marketplace related to mortgage servicing or origination, 
changing  requirements  of  governmental  authorities,  GSEs  and  customers.    Customers  may  seek  to  reduce  reliance  upon  the 
number of service providers.

The markets for our services are characterized by constant technological and other changes, our customers’ and competitors’ 
frequent  introduction  of  new  services,  and  evolving  industry  standards  and  government  regulations.    We  are  currently  in  the 
process  of,  and  from  time  to  time  will  be,  developing  and  introducing  new  services  and  technologies  and  improvements  to 
existing  services  and  technologies.    Our  future  success  will  be  significantly  affected  by  our  ability  to  complete  our  current 
efforts and in the future enhance, our services and technologies, and to develop and introduce new services that address changes 
in technology or applicable marketplaces or the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers and their customers, as well 
as our ability to reduce costs by relying on cloud architecture and other infrastructure advancements.  These efforts may include 
implementing new real estate auction and marketing capabilities, as well as technological and other modifications to increase 
efficiency and flexibility in supplying our default-related and origination services.  These initiatives carry the risks associated 
with  any  new  technology  or  service  development  effort,  including  cost  overruns,  delays  in  delivery  and  performance 
effectiveness.    There  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  continue  with  our  current  efforts  and  be  successful  in  developing, 
enhancing,  marketing,  selling  and  implementing  new  and  improved  technology  or  services.    In  addition,  we  may  experience 
difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development, enhancement, introduction and marketing of technologies or 
services.  Our technology and services and their enhancements may also not adequately meet the demands of the marketplace or 
governmental authorities and achieve market acceptance. 

Customers  of  our  default-related  services  and  origination  services  may  seek  to  reduce  the  number  of  service  providers 
employed  through  vendor  consolidation,  insourcing  (providing  the  services  itself)  or  by  other  means.    Such  changes  could 
reduce the demand for our services or control over the prices we are able to charge for our services.

Business expansion involves potential risks.

Entry  into  new  business  sectors,  expansion  beyond  our  core  services,  and  organic  growth  initiatives  may  not  result  in  the 
anticipated benefits, may take longer or be more costly than expected, which may adversely affect our financial results, ability 
to  conduct  investments  in  other  businesses,  reputation  and  growth  prospects.    We  may  not  accurately  identify  market  needs.  
New products and services may not function as intended or achieve anticipated rates of market adoption or commercial success.  
Because of the obligations to maintain a minimum cash threshold in the Cooperative Brokerage Agreement and restrictions in 
our Amended Credit Agreement, we may not be able to provide adequate funding to new initiatives.

Newly-developed businesses, products, services or initiatives may have lower or negative margins.  Growth related investments 
may increase our costs and lower our margins in the short term and potentially over longer periods.  We may not be able to 
recoup our investments in such initiatives or achieve anticipated financial returns, and such initiatives may negatively impact 
our ability to identify or pursue other potential opportunities.

Acquisitions to accelerate growth initiatives involve potential risks.

Historically, our strategy has included the acquisition of complementary businesses from time to time.  In the future, we may 
consider acquisitions of or merger with other businesses that we believe could complement our business, offer us greater access 
in our current markets or offer us greater access and expertise in other asset types and markets that are related to ours, but we do 
not currently serve.  Our ability to pursue additional acquisitions in the future depends on our access to sufficient capital (equity 

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and/or  debt)  to  fund  the  acquisition  and  subsequent  integration.    Because  of  the  obligations  to  maintain  a  minimum  cash 
threshold in the Cooperative Brokerage Agreement and restrictions in our Amended Credit Agreement, we may not be able to 
secure adequate capital as needed on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all.

When we acquire new businesses, we may face a number of integration risks, including a loss of focus on our daily operations, 
the need for additional management, constraints on operating resources, constraints on financial resources from integration and 
system  conversion  costs,  and  the  inability  to  maintain  key  pre-acquisition  relationships  with  customers,  suppliers  and 
employees.    We  may  have  particular  integration  risks  as  we  are  a  Luxembourg-domiciled  company,  resulting  in  numerous 
changes  that  may  need  to  be  made  immediately  or  promptly  following  closing  of  such  an  acquisition.    In  addition,  any 
acquisition may result in the incurrence of additional amortization expense of related intangible assets, which could reduce our 
profitability. 

Failure to properly and timely integrate any acquired business may result in our inability to realize the expected value from the 
acquisition, which can lead us to generate less revenue and/or earnings than anticipated, and/or sell or otherwise dispose of the 
acquired business at a loss.

Risks Related to Our Industry

Changes in economic and market conditions that reduce residential real estate sales or values or mortgage origination volumes 
could negatively impact demand for our services.

Economic  or  market  fluctuations  such  as  a  decrease  in  sales  or  sales  prices  of  residential  properties  or  an  increase  in  sales 
transaction timelines could reduce the demand for certain of our services related to marketing and real estate sale transactions, 
including services ancillary to such transactions, such as closing services and title insurance services.  Typically, the volume of 
residential  property  sales  decline  and  transaction  timelines  increase  as  residential  mortgage  interest  rates  increase,  financing 
options  and  availability  for  borrowers  decline  or  consumer  confidence  falls.    A  reduction  in  the  volume  of  real  estate 
transactions or the sales price of real estate could negatively impact our residential real estate brokerage and auction businesses 
which earn commission fees that are generally set as a percentage based on the property sale price.  Demand for services from 
other businesses, such as mortgage origination, valuation, title and closing, may also decline as a result of a reduction in real 
estate  transaction  volumes  including  from  increasing  residential  mortgage  interest  rates.    Home  price  appreciation  typically 
increases equity in the borrowers’ homes providing borrowers with more options to avoid foreclosure and, therefore, reducing 
foreclosure auction and REO referrals and ancillary services such as closing and title insurance services.

Economic  or  market  fluctuations  that  reduce  the  volume  or  value  of  residential  mortgage  origination  or  re-financings  could 
decrease  the  demand  for  our  mortgage  origination  and  mortgage  insurance  related  services,  including  those  provided  to 
members of the Lenders One mortgage cooperative.  An increase in residential mortgage interest rates or a decline in financing 
available for borrowers as a result of an inflationary environment or government action responding to the same could result in a 
decrease in such demand.  Increasing housing prices could also reduce the number of sale transactions resulting in a decrease in 
new mortgage origination.

A reduction in residential mortgage delinquencies, defaults or foreclosures in the United States can negatively affect demand 
for certain of our services.

We  provide  certain  services  to  residential  mortgage  servicers  and  subservicers,  as  well  as  government  sponsored  entities, 
federal  agencies  and  others,  to  protect,  preserve,  manage  and  potentially  dispose  of  properties  securing  residential  mortgage 
loans, when such loans become delinquent, default, undergo foreclosure or become a REO asset.  Rates of residential mortgage 
delinquencies,  defaults  and  foreclosures  can  be  negatively  impacted  by  numerous  factors,  including  strengthening  economic 
conditions, increasing housing equity from rising home values, decreasing residential mortgage interest rates, a reduction in the 
number  of  residential  mortgages  outstanding  or  a  reduction  in  home  ownership  levels  or  governmental  or  servicer  action.  
National  servicing  standards,  federal  and  state  government  scrutiny  and  regulation,  requirements  specifying  loan  loss 
mitigation, modification and foreclosure procedures, rules instituted by governmental authorities, GSEs, servicers or investors 
preventing  actions  related  to  loan  delinquencies  and  foreclosures,  including  moratoriums  on  foreclosures  and  mortgage 
payment forbearance plans, may also reduce the number of mortgage loans entering the foreclosure process or suspend pending 
foreclosure and eviction actions.  Such conditions could negatively impact demand for our default services.  Reductions in the 
rates of residential mortgage delinquencies, defaults, foreclosures and REO would likely reduce demand for our services related 
to non-judicial foreclosures, inspecting, maintaining, valuing, marketing and selling such assets.

If  faced  with  an  extended  period  of  decline  in  demand  for  and  revenue  from  certain  of  our  services  as  a  result  of  economic 
conditions, borrower loss mitigation or relief measures, or due to government, GSE, servicer or investor restrictions related to 
loan delinquencies and foreclosures, including moratoriums on foreclosures and mortgage payment forbearance plans, we may 

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be unable to sufficiently adjust our cost structure, in our operations that provide such impacted services or at the corporate level, 
to avoid negative impacts to net revenue or profits.  We also may be unable to maintain our ability to offer such services in the 
future.  The expiration dates of certain requirements, loss mitigation or relief measures that impact demand for our services may 
be indefinite or extended in the future making it difficult to predict when such requirements or measures may end.  In response 
to  such  conditions,  we  may  be  required  to  modify  or  suspend  such  operations  which  could  negatively  impact  our  ability  to 
timely respond to an increase in demand for such services or to provide such services in the future, or which could cause us to 
incur significant expense to restart or scale such services in response to an increase in demand.  

Developments that impact residential foreclosures or the supply, sale price or sale of REO could negatively affect demand for 
certain of our default-related services and negatively impact our ability to meet certain contractual performance metrics.

Reduction  in  residential  foreclosures  or  the  supply  or  sales  of  REO  in  the  United  States  could  reduce  the  demand  for  and 
volume  of  certain  of  our  services,  including  foreclosure  trustee,  foreclosure  auction,  REO  asset  management,  REO  property 
inspection  and  preservation,  real  estate  brokerage,  real  estate  auction  and  marketing  services,  as  well  as  sales  of  REO, 
especially  in  cases  where  more  loans  are  resolved  prior  to  foreclosure  or  sold  at  foreclosure  auctions  and  therefore  do  not 
convert  to  REO.    The  reduced  supply  of  REO  or  sales  of  REO  could  also  impact  our  ability  to  meet  certain  contractually 
required service metrics, including those metrics tied to satisfying certain conversion percentage requirements as the size of the 
applicable population declines and the population of REO that remains is often the most difficult to sell.  Reduced volumes may 
make it more difficult to provide services in an economic manner, undermine beneficial efficiencies, and increase the risks and 
costs of securing vendors to provide required services and products on a smaller scale.  

We may not be able to effectively manage rapid or unanticipated increases in foreclosures or the supply, sale price or sale of 
REO  which  could  negatively  impact  our  ability  to  satisfy  service  level  metrics  that  are  tied  to  conversion  rates  or  other 
percentage requirements.  For example, if a service metric specifies that a certain percentage of the total population of REO is 
to be sold within a defined period of time, a rapid increase in the total REO population may increase the risk of failing to meet 
the defined percentage metric during the period required to prepare the newly added REO to be marketed. 

Some  of  the  service  metrics  which  may  be  impacted  include  those  related  to  REO  conversion  rates,  aging  of  REO,  time  on 
market  and  sale  price  compared  to  valuation.    If  we  fail  to  satisfy  applicable  performance  metrics  or  perform  in  a  manner 
satisfactory  to  our  customers,  such  customers  may  reduce  the  services  they  acquire  from  us  or  otherwise  terminate  us  as  a 
service provider. 

Changes  to  real  estate  brokerage  commission  structures  or  rates  paid  for  residential  property  transactions  could  negatively 
impact us.

Changes to real estate brokerage commission structures or rates paid for residential property transactions as a result of litigation, 
claims,  settlements,  governmental  regulations  or  other  reasons,  which  reduce  real  estate  brokerage  compensation  or  limit 
commission sharing or cooperative commissions amongst among brokerages or brokers, could negatively impact the value of 
commissions to which we are entitled or receive and could negatively impact certain contractual obligations. 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

We may never pay dividends on our common stock so any returns would be limited to the potential appreciation of our stock.

We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the development, operation and expansion of our business and do 
not anticipate we will declare or pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future.  In addition, the terms of applicable debt 
agreements  may  preclude  us  from  paying  dividends.    Any  return  to  stockholders  will  therefore  be  limited  to  the  potential 
appreciation of their stock.

We  may  take  advantage  of  specified  reduced  disclosure  requirements  applicable  to  a  “smaller  reporting  company”  under 
Regulation S-K, and the information that we provide to stockholders may be different than they might receive from other public 
companies.

We  are  a  “smaller  reporting  company,”  as  defined  under  Regulation  S-K.    As  a  smaller  reporting  company,  we  may  take 
advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies.  
These  provisions  include,  among  other  things,  scaled  disclosure  requirements,  including  simplified  executive  compensation 
disclosures  in  our  filings,  exemption  from  the  provisions  of  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  requiring  that  an 

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independent  registered  accounting  firm  provide  an  attestation  report  on  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting and certain other decreased disclosure obligations in our SEC filings.

We intend to continue to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosure requirements of smaller reporting companies.  We 
may  continue  to  take  advantage  of  these  allowances  until  we  are  no  longer  a  smaller  reporting  company.    Therefore,  the 
information that we provide stockholders may be different than one might get from other public companies.  Further, if some 
investors find our shares of common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our shares of 
common stock and the market price of such shares of common stock may be more volatile.

Although  we  are  currently  eligible  to  file  new  short  form  registration  statements  on  Form  S-3,  we  cannot  guarantee  we  will 
remain eligible to do so. If we were to lose such eligibility, it may impair our ability to raise capital on terms favorable to us, in 
a timely manner or at all.

Form S-3 permits eligible issuers to conduct registered offerings using a short form registration statement that allows the issuer 
to incorporate by reference its past and future filings and reports made under the Exchange Act. In addition, Form S-3 enables 
eligible  issuers  to  conduct  primary  offerings  “off  the  shelf”  under  Rule  415  of  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  as  amended  (the 
“Securities Act”). The shelf registration process, combined with the ability to forward incorporate information, allows issuers to 
avoid  delays  and  interruptions  in  the  offering  process  and  to  access  the  capital  markets  in  a  more  expeditious  and  efficient 
manner  than  raising  capital  in  a  standard  registered  offering  pursuant  to  a  registration  statement  on  Form  S-1.  The  ability  to 
newly  register  securities  for  resale  may  also  be  limited  as  a  result  of  the  loss  of  Form  S-3  eligibility  with  respect  to  such 
registrations.

SEC  regulations  limit  the  amount  of  funds  we  may  raise  during  any  12-month  period  pursuant  to  our  shelf  registration 
statement on Form S-3

Our  public  float  was  less  than  $75  million  as  of  the  date  of  filing  of  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  As  a  result,  under 
General Instruction I.B.6 to Form S-3, the amount of funds we can raise through primary public offerings of securities, in any 
12-month period using our registration statement on Form S-3 is limited to one-third of the aggregate market value of the shares 
of our common stock held by our non-affiliates. We are subject to this limitation until such time as our public float exceeds $75 
million. If we are required to file a new registration statement on another form, we may incur additional costs and be subject to 
delays due to review by the SEC.  As of January 23, 2024, our public float (i.e., the aggregate market value of our outstanding 
equity securities held by non-affiliates) was approximately $48.8 million, based on 15.3 million shares of outstanding common 
stock held by non-affiliates and on the closing price of $3.20 per share of our common stock as reported on Nasdaq on January 
23, 2024 (a date within 60 days of the date hereof), as calculated in accordance with General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3.  In 
addition, during the 12 calendar month period that ends on the date of this filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we had 
offered and sold $20.1 million of our common stock pursuant to the prospectus supplement dated September 7, 2023.  After 
giving  effect  to  the  $16.3  million  offering  limit  imposed  by  General  Instruction  I.B.6  of  Form  S-3,  and  after  deducting  the 
shares  we  sold  within  the  preceding  12  months,  as  of  the  date  of  filing  this  Annual  Report,  we  may  sell  $0  shares  of  our 
common stock at this time under our shelf registration statement.

The market price and trading volume of our stock may be volatile.

The market price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations.  Stock markets in general have experienced 
substantial volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of individual companies or our sector.  These 
broad market fluctuations, in addition to our operating performance, may also adversely affect the trading price of our common 
stock.

If  we  issue  common  stock,  warrants  or  other  securities,  the  trading  price  of  our  common  stock  or  other  Company  securities 
could experience significant volatility or be negatively impacted.

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, stockholders have often instituted class 
action securities litigation against those companies.  Such litigation, if instituted, could result in substantial costs and diversion 
of management’s attention and resources, which could significantly impact our profitability and reputation.

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Owners of our securities could be diluted.

We may issue new shares of common stock or other forms of securities which could dilute the economic and voting interests of 
current shareholders.  We may issue warrants and holders of outstanding warrants may exercise their warrant rights to acquire 
Company securities, which actions would dilute the economic and voting interests of current shareholders.

Risks Related to Financing, Our Indebtedness and Capital Structure

If  we  are  unable  to  generate  sufficient  cash  flow  or  access  the  capital  markets  or  our  borrowing  capacity  is  reduced,  our 
liquidity and competitive position will be negatively affected.

An extended period of reduced demand for all or certain of our default-related services could negatively impact our cash flow 
such  that  we  may  need  to  use  unrestricted  cash  on  hand  to  satisfy  our  obligations,  which  would  reduce  our  cash  balance 
negatively impacting our liquidity.

In  addition,  our  liquidity  would  be  adversely  affected  by  any  inability  to  access  the  capital  markets,  volatility  in  the  capital 
markets, unforeseen outflows of cash, funding for contingencies and increased regulatory liquidity requirements.

Our ability to borrow money could be limited, or our cost of borrowing could increase, due to volatility in the capital markets, 
worsening terms on which credit is available or limitations in our loan agreements.  In addition, our financial results, reduced 
revenue  or  cash  flow,  or  volatility  in  the  markets  which  we  support,  could  negatively  impact  our  customer  and  prospective 
customer relationships, as well as our ability to borrow or our ability to continue to satisfy the covenants and terms of our loan 
agreements.  If we were to have a default under our loan agreements, we would not be able borrow additional funds under our 
existing  agreements  and  our  lenders  could  seek  to  enforce  the  remedies  available  to  them  under  our  loan  agreements.    A 
reduction in our ability to borrow funds to support our operations or a reduction in cash flow would also reduce our ability to 
pursue our business strategy to diversify and grow our customer base.

Our  level  of  debt  and  the  variable  interest  rate  on  our  term  loan  makes  us  sensitive  to  the  effects  of  our  current  financial 
performance  and  interest  rate  increases;  our  level  of  debt  and  provisions  in  our  Amended  Credit  Agreement  and  revolving 
credit facility could limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry.

Our term loans under the Amended Credit Agreement make us more vulnerable to changes in our results of operations because 
a portion of our cash flows from operations and current cash on the balance sheet is dedicated to servicing our debt and is not 
available  for  other  purposes.    Our  term  loans  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement,  and  the  Revolver  (amended  with  an 
effective date of February 14, 2023) are secured by virtually all of our assets.  From time to time, our debt under the Amended 
Credit Agreement may trade at a substantial discount to face value.

Our  ability  to  raise  additional  debt  is  limited,  and  in  many  circumstances  is  subject  to  lender  approval  and  could  require 
modification of certain of the loan agreements.  The provisions of our Amended Credit Agreement could have other negative 
consequences to us including the following:

•

•

•

•

•

limiting  our  ability  to  borrow  money  for  our  working  capital,  capital  expenditures  and  debt  service  requirements  or 
other general corporate purposes;

limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our operations, our business or the industry in which 
we compete;

requiring us to use 50% of our excess cash flow, as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement, to repay debt;

requiring us to use 75% of the first $50 million of net proceeds received from equity issuances or capital contributions 
to repay debt; and

placing us at a competitive disadvantage by limiting our ability to invest in our business

Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness depends on our ability to generate cash in the future.  As a result of the low 
default, foreclosure and REO levels and declining origination volumes in the recent rising interest rate environment, our cash 
flows  were  and  remain  severely  impacted.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  be  able  to  achieve  historical  levels  of 
revenues and cash flows (adjusted for businesses sold or discontinued).  If we do not generate sufficient cash flows and do not 
have  sufficient  cash  on  hand  to  meet  our  debt  service  and  working  capital  requirements,  we  may  need  to  seek  additional 
financing, raise equity or sell assets, and our ability to take these actions may be limited by the terms of the Amended Credit 
Agreement, Revolver or the market.  We may not be able to refinance our existing indebtedness when it becomes due or obtain 
alternative financing on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all.  Without any such financing, we could be forced to sell assets 
or reduce costs under unfavorable circumstances to make up for any shortfall in our payment obligations.  Even if necessary, we 
may not be able to sell assets or reduce costs quickly enough or for sufficient amounts to enable us to meet our obligations.  

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Failure to meet our debt service requirements could result in an event of default under our loans agreement which, if not cured 
or  waived,  would  result  in  the  holders  of  the  defaulted  debt  causing  all  outstanding  amounts  with  respect  to  that  debt  to  be 
immediately due and payable and potentially permitting lenders to execute applicable security interests, negatively impacting 
our future operations or ability to engage in other favorable business activities.  An event of default under the loan agreements 
would provide certain of our customers, including Ocwen and Rithm, with the ability to terminate our agreements. 

In addition, our Amended Credit Agreement contains covenants that limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to changes 
in, our business and our industry, including limitations on incurring additional indebtedness, making investments, adding new 
product lines, disposing or selling of assets, granting liens and merging or consolidating with other companies.  Complying with 
these covenants may impair our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs or to engage in other favorable business 
activities.

Our  failure  to  comply  with  the  covenants  or  terms  contained  in  our  Amended  Credit  Agreement  or  Revolver,  including  as  a 
result of events beyond our control, could result in an event of default.

Our  Amended  Credit  Agreement  requires  us  to  comply  with  various  operational,  reporting  and  other  covenants  or  terms 
including,  among  other  things,  limiting  us  from  engaging  in  certain  types  of  transactions.    If  we  do  not  have  appropriate 
controls, or the controls we implement fail or are not effective, we could experience an event of default under our Amended 
Credit Agreement or Revolver.  If we experience an event of default under our Amended Credit Agreement or Revolver that is 
not  cured  or  waived,  it  could  result  in  the  debt  being  called  and  immediately  due  and  payable  in  full.  a  going  concern 
uncertainty, which in turn could provide certain of our customers the ability to terminate our agreements and allow the holders 
of the defaulted debt to cause all amounts outstanding with respect to that debt to be immediately due and payable or choose to 
execute on applicable security interests.  Our assets or cash flows may not be sufficient to fully repay borrowings under our 
outstanding  Amended  Credit  Agreement  and  Revolver  if  accelerated  upon  an  event  of  default  and  we  may  not  be  able  to 
refinance or restructure the payments on the borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement and Revolver.

We  may  be  unable  to  exercise  the  option  to  extend  the  maturity  of  our  Amended  Credit  Agreement  and  Revolver  from  April 
2025 to April 2026.  We may be unable to repay or refinance the balance of our loans under the Amended Credit Agreement or 
Revolver upon maturity, particularly if cash from operations fails to significantly improve, assets are not readily available for 
sale and sold or we are unable to timely refinance on favorable terms or at all.

Our loan agreements require us to repay the outstanding balance due in April 2025, with an option to extend to April 2026 if we 
make par paydowns from the proceeds of issuances of equity interests or from junior indebtedness totaling at least $30 million 
on  or  before  February  13,  2024,  and  there  is  no  continuing  default  of  the  loan  agreements.    We  satisfied  the  $30  million 
paydown requirement through a par paydown in the amount of $20 million in February 2023 and an additional par paydown of 
$10 million in September 2023 each from the proceeds of equity issuances, providing us with the option to be able to extend the 
maturity date of our debt to April 2026.  However, there can be no assurance that we will be permitted under our Amended 
Credit Agreement and Revolver to exercise the option to extend the maturity of our Amended Credit Agreement and Revolver 
to April 2026.

If  our  cash  from  operations  fails  to  significantly  improve,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  cash  balances  and  other  assets 
readily  available  for  sale  and  sold  would  be  sufficient  to  fully  repay  borrowings  under  our  outstanding  Amended  Credit 
Agreement and Revolver upon maturity, or that we will be able to refinance the remaining portion of the debt sufficiently prior 
to the due date or on terms acceptable to us.  If we were to default on our debt, our lenders could take action adverse to our 
interests under the terms of the loan agreements, including seeking to take possession of the applicable collateral.  In addition, a 
default under the loan agreements could constitute a termination event under certain of our client or vendor agreements, which 
could adversely impact our revenue or cash flow or our ability to provide products and services.  Under such circumstances, if 
we  are  not  able  to  agree  upon  a  resolution  with  our  lenders,  we  might  seek  applicable  legal  protections  including  under 
bankruptcy law, which further could provide certain of our customers or vendors the ability to terminate our agreements.  If we 
refinance the loans under less favorable terms, we may be required to accept a higher interest rate and debt-related costs, as well 
as additional restrictions and covenants which constrain our ability to finance and operate our business.

We have a significant net operating loss recognized by one of our Luxembourg subsidiaries, Altisource S.à r.l. We may not be 
able to fully utilize this deferred tax asset before the net operating loss expires.

In connection with a merger of two of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries in December 2017, which was recognized at 
fair value, a net operating loss of $1.3 billion with a 17-year life was generated, creating a deferred tax asset of $342.6 million.  
During 2019, the Company recognized a full valuation allowance with respect to this deferred tax asset.  If Altisource S.à r.l. is 
unable to generate sufficient pretax income by 2034, the Company may not be able to fully utilize this deferred tax asset.  In 

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addition, changes in our structure or operations could prevent us from fully realizing some or all of the benefit of such deferred 
tax asset.

We have significant investments in goodwill and intangible assets recorded as a result of prior acquisitions and an impairment 
of these assets would require a write-down that would reduce our net income.

As  a  result  of  prior  investments,  we  have  significant  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  recorded  in  our  financial  statements.  
Goodwill and intangible assets are assessed for impairment annually or sooner if circumstances indicate a possible impairment.  
Factors  that  could  lead  to  impairment  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  include  significant  under-performance  relative  to 
historical or projected future operating results, a significant decline in our stock price and market capitalization and negative 
industry or economic trends, among other indications of impairment.  If the recorded values of goodwill and intangible assets 
are  impaired,  any  such  impairment  would  be  charged  to  earnings  in  the  period  of  impairment.    In  the  event  of  significant 
volatility in the capital markets or a worsening of current economic conditions, we may be required to record an impairment 
charge, which would adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Cash, cash equivalents and escrow funds we hold at financial institutions could be lost and not recoverable.

We hold our cash and cash equivalents, including customer deposits held in escrow accounts pending completion of certain real 
estate  activities,  at  various  financial  institutions.    These  cash  balances  expose  us  to  purposeful  misappropriation  of  cash  by 
employees or others and unintentional mistakes resulting in a loss of cash which may not be recoverable.

Amounts  that  are  held  in  escrow  accounts  for  limited  periods  of  time  are  not  included  in  the  accompanying  consolidated 
balance sheets.  We may become liable for funds owed to third parties as a result of purposeful misappropriation of cash by 
employees or others, unintentional mistakes or the failure of one or more of these financial institutions.  There is no guarantee 
we would recover the funds deposited, whether through Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation coverage, private insurance or 
otherwise.

Foreign Exchange

We  have  operations  in  India,  Luxembourg  and  Uruguay  which  may  result  in  us  being  party  to  transactions  denominated,  or 
incurring obligations, in currencies other than the United States dollar, including, for example, payroll, taxes, facilities-related 
expenses. Weakness of the United States dollar in relation to these applicable currencies (e.g., Euro, Indian rupee, Uruguayan 
peso) may increase our costs.

Risks Relating to Luxembourg Organization and Ownership of Our Shares

We  are  a  Luxembourg  company.    The  rights  of  shareholders  under  Luxembourg  law  may  differ  in  certain  respects  from  the 
rights afforded to shareholders of companies organized under laws in other jurisdictions.  It may also be difficult to obtain and 
enforce judgments against us or our directors and executive officers.

We are a public limited liability company (société anonyme) organized and existing under the laws of, and headquartered in, 
Luxembourg.  As a result, Luxembourg law and our amended and restated articles of incorporation, as amended from time to 
time (“Articles”) govern the rights of shareholders.  The rights of shareholders under Luxembourg law may differ from the 
rights of shareholders of companies incorporated in other jurisdictions.  A significant portion of our assets are owned outside of 
the United States.  It may be difficult for our investors to obtain and enforce, in the United States, judgments obtained in United 
States courts against us or our directors based on the civil liability provisions of the United States securities laws or to enforce, 
in Luxembourg, judgments obtained in other jurisdictions including the United States.

A  significant  challenge  of  the  Luxembourg  tax  regime  or  of  its  interpretation  by  the  Luxembourg  tax  authorities,  or  its 
application of us or our business could have a negative impact us.

We received and historically operated under a tax ruling from the Luxembourg tax authorities, which would have expired in 
2019 unless extended or renewed.  In connection with an internal reorganization by the Company during 2017, we no longer 
operate under this tax ruling.  The European Commission (“EC”) has initiated investigations into several EU member states, 
including Luxembourg, to determine whether these EU member states have provided tax advantages to companies pursuant to 
tax rulings or otherwise on a basis not allowed by the EU.  While the EC’s investigations continue, it has concluded that certain 
companies in certain EU member states, including Luxembourg, have been provided such tax advantages.  The EC is requiring 
these EU member states to recover from certain companies the prior year tax benefits they received.

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Risks Relating to Regulation

Our business and the business of our customers are subject to extensive scrutiny and legal requirements.  We, or our services, 
may fail or be perceived as failing to comply with applicable legal requirements.

Our  business  and  the  business  of  our  customers  are  subject  to  extensive  scrutiny  and  regulation  by  federal,  state  and  local 
governmental  authorities  including  the  FTC,  the  CFPB,  the  SEC,  HUD  and  state  and  local  agencies,  including  those  which 
license  or  oversee  certain  of  our  auction,  real  estate  brokerage,  mortgage  services,  trustee  services,  residential  mortgage 
origination services, title insurance and other insurance services, as well as collection and use of personal information.  We also 
must comply with a number of federal, state and local consumer protection laws.  We are subject to various foreign laws and 
regulations based on our operations or the location of our affiliates as well, including those pertaining to data protection, such as 
the  GDPR.    These  foreign,  federal,  state  and  local  requirements  can  and  do  change  as  statutes  and  regulations  are  enacted, 
promulgated or amended.  Furthermore, the interpretation or enforcement by regulatory authorities of these requirements may 
change  over  time  or  may  not  be  predictable  or  consistent  with  our  interpretations  or  expectations.    The  creation  of  new 
regulatory  authorities  or  changes  in  the  regulatory  authorities  overseeing  applicable  laws  and  regulations  may  also  result  in 
changing interpretation or enforcement of such laws or regulations. 

If  governmental  authorities  impose  new  or  more  restrictive  requirements  or  enhanced  oversight  related  to  our  services  or 
operations, we may be required to increase or decrease our prices, modify our contracts or course of dealing and/or we may 
incur significant additional costs to comply with such requirements.  Additionally, we may be unable to adapt our services or 
operations to conform to the new laws and regulations. 

Periodically,  we  are  subject  to  audits  and  examinations  by  federal,  state  and  local  governmental  authorities  and  receive 
subpoenas, civil investigative demands or other requests for information from such governmental authorities in connection with 
their  regulatory  or  investigative  authority.    Responding  to  audits,  examinations  and  inquiries  will  cause  us  to  incur  costs, 
including legal fees or other charges, which may be material in amount, and in addition, may result in management distraction 
or may cause us to modify or terminate certain services we currently offer.  If any such audits, examinations or inquiries result 
in allegations or findings of non-compliance, we could incur significant penalties, fines, settlements, costs and consent orders 
that may curtail, restrict or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business.

Regulatory inquiries or determinations of failures to comply with applicable requirements could increase our costs and expose 
us to sanctions which could include limitations on our ability to provide services, or otherwise reduce demand for our services.  
Furthermore, even if we believe we comply with applicable laws and regulations, we may choose to settle such allegations in 
order to avoid the potentially significant costs of defending such allegations and to further avoid the risk of increased damages 
if we ultimately were to receive an unfavorable outcome, but such settlements may also result in further claims or create issues 
for  existing  and  potential  customers.    Such  settlements  and  additional  actions  could  increase  costs,  place  limitations  on  our 
services, and result in a reduction in demand.

From time to time, we may be subject to costly and time-consuming regulatory or legal proceedings that claim legal violations 
or wrongful conduct, including claims for violations of consumer protection laws, laws concerning PI or third-party intellectual 
property  rights.    These  proceedings  may  involve  regulators,  customers,  our  customers’  clients,  vendors,  competitors,  third 
parties  or  other  large  groups  of  plaintiffs  and,  if  resulting  in  findings  of  violations,  could  result  in  substantial  damages  or 
indemnification obligations.  Additionally, we may be forced to settle some claims and change our existing practices, services 
processes  or  technologies  that  are  currently  revenue  generating.    Certain  regulations  to  which  we  are  subject  provide  for 
potentially significant penalties such that even if we believe we have no liability for the alleged regulatory or legal violations or 
wrongful  conduct,  we  may  choose  to  settle  such  regulatory  or  legal  proceedings  in  order  to  avoid  the  potentially  significant 
costs  of  defending  such  allegations  and  to  further  avoid  the  risk  of  increased  damages  if  we  ultimately  were  to  receive  an 
unfavorable  outcome;  however,  such  settlements  may  also  result  in  further  claims  or  create  issues  for  existing  and  potential 
customers.  Such proceedings and settlement could increase our costs and expose us to sanctions, including limitations on our 
ability to provide services, or otherwise reduce demand for our services.

Failure to comply with US sanctions, including blocking certain activities in Sanctioned Countries, could expose us to penalties 
and other adverse consequences.

Our business activities may be subject to U.S. sanctions laws administered and maintained by the US government, including 
restrictions  or  prohibitions  on  transactions  with,  or  on  dealing  in  funds  transfers  to/  from  certain  embargoed  jurisdictions 
(currently,  Iran,  North  Korea,  Syria,  Cuba,  and  the  Crimea,  so-called-  Donetsk  People’s  Republic,  and  so-called  Luhansk 
People’s  Republic  regions  of  Ukraine).    We  have  implemented  internet  protocol  (“IP”)  address  blocking  and  screening 
mechanisms to promote compliance with US sanctions rules and regulations, although the blocking and screening mechanisms 
may not be able to completely block all unwanted IP access.  A determination that we have failed to comply with US sanctions, 

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whether knowingly or inadvertently, could result in the imposition of substantial penalties, including enforcement actions, fines, 
and civil and/or criminal penalties, and may adversely affect our business.

If we fail to timely make required disclosure filings with the U.S. Department of Treasury Financial Crimes Enforcement 
Network, we could be subject to fines and penalties.

We operate as a title insurance agent through one or more subsidiaries.  As a title insurance agent, we are contractually required 
by certain insurance underwriters to make Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Currency Transaction Report filings with the 
U.S. Department of the Treasury in connection with cash real estate transactions in specified United States jurisdictions which 
satisfy certain requirements (the “Filing Requirements”).  Filings pursuant to the Filing Requirements must be made within a 
specified  time  period  after  a  subject  transaction  closes  and  must  be  accompanied  by  certain  information  concerning  the 
applicable transaction.  If our procedures fail to identify transactions which are subject to the Filing Requirements, or if we fail 
to  make  required  filings  or  fail  to  provide  the  required  transaction  information,  we  could  be  subject  to  civil,  criminal  and 
monetary penalties.  The failure to satisfy the Filing Requirements could also cause us to be in breach of our agreements with 
the title insurance underwriter and could subject us to liability and lead to termination of such agreements.

We  are  subject  to  licensing  and  regulation  as  a  provider  of  certain  services.    If  we  fail  to  maintain  our  licenses  or  if  our 
licenses are suspended or terminated, we may not be able to provide certain of our services.  In addition, the lack of certain 
licenses in one or more jurisdictions could cause us to breach applicable contracts.

We are required to have and maintain licenses as a provider of certain product and services including, among others, services as 
a  residential  mortgage  origination  underwriter,  valuation  provider,  appraisal  management  company,  asset  manager,  property 
manager, title insurance agent, insurance broker and underwriter, real estate broker, auctioneer, foreclosure trustee and credit 
report provider in a number of jurisdictions.  Our employees and subsidiaries may be required to be licensed by various state or 
regulatory commissions or bodies for the particular type of product or service provided and to participate in regular continuing 
education programs.  If one or more of our licenses are lost, revoked, expire or limited, or if we fail to maintain or otherwise 
surrender  one  or  more  such  license,  we  may  be  prohibited  from  doing  business  in  certain  markets.    Further,  certain  of  our 
agreements require that we possess and maintain certain licenses.  The failure to hold such licenses may result in us breaching 
certain agreements, which could cause us to be subject to claims for damages, termination of applicable agreements or unable to 
obtain inputs required for certain of our services.

A  violation  by  our  customers  of  applicable  legal  requirements  in  the  selection  or  use  of  our  services  could  generate  legal 
liability for us.

Certain  of  our  services  are  provided  at  the  direction  and  pursuant  to  the  identified  requirements  of  our  customers,  including 
property  preservation,  inspection,  title,  valuations,  brokerage,  auction,  foreclosure  and  eviction  services  that  are  triggered  by 
information  provided  by  our  customers.    The  failure  of  our  customers  to  properly  identify  or  account  for  regulatory 
requirements applicable to the use of our services, in selecting appropriate services for the intended purposes, or in specifying 
how services are rendered could expose us to significant penalties, fines, litigation, settlements, costs and consent orders.

Certain  of  our  customers  are  subject  to  governmental  oversight,  regulations,  orders,  judgments  or  settlements  which  may 
impose certain obligations and limitations on their use of our services.

Participants  in  the  industries  in  which  we  operate  are  subject  to  a  high  level  of  oversight  and  regulation.    The  failure  of  our 
services to meet applicable legal requirements could subject us to civil and criminal liability, loss of licensure, damage to our 
reputation, significant penalties, fines, settlements, adverse publicity, litigation, including class action lawsuits or administrative 
enforcement  actions,  costs  and  consent  orders  against  us  or  our  customers  that  may  curtail  or  restrict  our  business  as  it  is 
currently conducted.  Such failures could also cause customers to reduce or cease using our services.

Certain of our customers are subject to vendor oversight requirements.  As such, we are subject to oversight by our customers.  
If  we  do  not  meet  the  standards  established  by  or  imposed  upon  our  customers,  regulators  allege  that  products  or  services 
provided  by  Altisource  fail  to  meet  applicable  legal  requirements,  or  if  any  other  oversight  procedures  result  in  a  negative 
outcome  for  Altisource,  we  may  lose  customers,  may  no  longer  be  granted  referrals  for  certain  services,  or  may  have  to 
conform our business to address these standards.

The  tax  regulations,  and  the  interpretation  thereof,  in  the  countries,  states  and  local  jurisdictions  in  which  we  operate 
periodically change, which may adversely affect our results due to higher taxes, interest and penalties, or our inability to utilize 
tax credits available to us.

Certain of our subsidiaries provide services in the United States and several other countries.  Those jurisdictions are subject to 
changing tax environments, which may result in higher operating expenses or taxes and which may introduce uncertainty as to 

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the application of tax laws and regulations to our operations.  Furthermore, we may determine that we owe additional taxes or 
may be required to pay taxes for services provided in prior periods as interpretations of tax laws and regulations are clarified or 
revised.    Changes  in  laws  concerning  sales  tax,  gross  recipient  tax,  dividends,  retained  earnings,  application  of  operating  or 
other losses, and intercompany transactions and loans, among others, could impact us.  We may not be able to raise our prices 
to customers or pass-through such taxes to our customers or vendors in response to changes, which could adversely affect our 
results of operations.  If we fail to accurately anticipate or apply tax laws and regulations to our operations, we could be subject 
to  liabilities  and  penalties.    We  may  be  unable  to  take  advantage  of  operating  losses  or  other  tax  credits  to  the  full  extent 
available or at all due to changes in tax regulations or our results of operations.

Our operations and intercompany arrangements are subject to the tax laws of various jurisdictions, and we could be obligated 
to pay additional taxes, which would harm our results of operations.

We conduct our operations in several countries, states and local jurisdictions and may be required to report our taxable income 
in various jurisdictions worldwide based upon our business operations in those jurisdictions.  Our intercompany relationships 
are subject to complex transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions.  The amount of 
taxes paid in different jurisdictions may depend on the application of the tax laws of the various jurisdictions to our business 
activities, changes in tax rates, new or revised tax laws or interpretations of existing tax laws and policies, and our ability to 
operate our business in a manner consistent with our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements.  The relevant taxing 
authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions.  If such a 
disagreement  were  to  occur,  and  our  position  was  not  sustained,  we  could  be  required  to  pay  additional  taxes,  interest  and 
penalties,  which  could  result  in  one-time  tax  charges,  higher  effective  tax  rates,  reduced  cash  flows  and  lower  overall 
profitability of our operations.

We  are  subject  to  income,  withholding,  transaction  and  other  taxes  in  numerous  jurisdictions.    Significant  judgment  will  be 
required  in  evaluating  our  tax  positions  and  our  worldwide  provision  for  taxes.    During  the  ordinary  course  of  our  business, 
there are many activities and transactions for which the ultimate tax determination may be uncertain.  We may be audited in 
various jurisdictions, and such jurisdictions may assess additional taxes, sales taxes and value added taxes against it.  Even if 
we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of any tax audits or litigation could be materially different 
from our historical tax provisions and accruals, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows in 
the period or periods for which a determination is made.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

The  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  the  Company’s  risk  management  strategy  and  overseeing  the  Company’s  risk 
management program, of which cybersecurity is a critical element.  The Chief Strategy and Technology Officer (“CSTO”) and 
the Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”) are responsible for designing, implementing and administering the Company’s 
cybersecurity risk management policies, processes and practices, business continuity planning and disaster recovery functions 
and  activities.    The  CSTO  and  CISO  meet  on  a  quarterly  basis  with  other  members  of  Management  as  the  Technology  and 
Information  Security  Committee  (“TIS  Committee”)  to  review  the  Company’s  cybersecurity  risk  management,  business 
continuity planning and disaster recovery strategy and performance.  

The Company’s cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices are based on recognized frameworks established by 
the  National  Institute  of  Standards  and  Technology  (“NIST”),  the  International  Organization  for  Standardization  (“ISO”), 
applicable industry standards, and applicable data privacy and cybersecurity regulations.  Annual technology and cybersecurity 
risk assessments are conducted to identify and evaluate applicable risks and controls designed to address such risks.  In general, 
the Company seeks to identify, assess and manage material cybersecurity risks through a company-wide approach addressing 
the  confidentiality,  integrity,  and  availability  of  the  Company’s  information  systems  and  the  information  that  the  Company 
collects and processes. 

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy

The Company’s cybersecurity risk management strategy focuses on several areas: 

•

Identification and Reporting: The Company has controls and procedures designed to identify, assess, manage and 
respond to cybersecurity threats and incidents, including fulfilling potential public disclosure or reporting requirements 
as may be applicable. 

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•

•

•

•

Technical  Safeguards:  The  Company  implements  and  maintains  technical  safeguards  designed  to  protect  the 
Company’s  information  systems  and  data  from  cybersecurity  threats,  including  perimeter  and  web  application 
firewalls, proxy, intrusion prevention and detection systems, anti-malware, endpoint detection response functionality, 
data loss prevention systems, security incident event management, geo-blocking and access controls.  Such safeguards 
are generally evaluated through internal security testing, third party penetration testing and vulnerability assessments, 
as  well  as  outside  audits  and  certifications,  and  revised  as  warranted.    The  Company  seeks  to  comply  with  the 
cybersecurity framework guidelines issued by the NIST and ISO. 

Education and Awareness: The Company provides periodic, mandatory training for all levels of employees regarding 
information  security,  cybersecurity  threats,  business  continuity  planning  and  disaster  recovery  to  equip  Company 
employees  with  tools  to  address  cybersecurity  threats,  and  to  communicate  the  Company’s  evolving  information 
security policies, standards, processes and practices. 

Incident Response and Recovery Planning: The Company’s Security Operations Center (“SOC”), reporting to the 
CISO, provides 24x7 incident monitoring.  If an incident occurs which SOC determines qualifies as a “critical risk” 
according  to  predetermined  criteria,  the  SOC  engages  an  incident  management  team  to  assist  with  evaluating, 
responding to and managing the response of the incident.  The Company has established and maintains comprehensive 
incident  identification,  containment,  response  and  business  continuity  plans  designed  to  respond  to  potential 
cybersecurity incidents.  The Company conducts periodic drills and tabletop exercises to test these.

Third-Party Risk Management: The Company conducts initial, and on a periodic basis, subsequent risk evaluations 
of  vendors  that  satisfy  certain  preestablished  criteria  classifying  such  vendors  as  presenting  higher  potential 
cybersecurity  risks  based  upon  vendor  access  to  or  provision  of  information  systems  or  data  to  the  Company  that 
present significant potential risks. 

The Company conducts periodic assessments of the Company’s policies, standards, processes and practices.  Summary results 
of  such  assessments  are  evaluated  by  the  CISO  to  assist  the  Company  in  adjusting  its  cybersecurity  policies,  standards, 
processes and practices; the CISO reviews critical results with the TIS Committee.

Governance

The Board of Directors oversees the Company’s risk management program, including the management of cybersecurity threats.  
The Board of Directors receives regular reports from the CTSO on cybersecurity threats and the Company’s strategy to manage 
the  risks  associated  with  such  threats.    The  TIS  Committee  provides  Management  oversight  of  the  Company’s  cybersecurity 
risk management, business continuity planning and disaster recovery strategy and performance. 

To  facilitate  the  success  of  the  Company’s  cybersecurity  program,  cross-functional  teams  work  with  the  CISO  and  SOC  to 
address cybersecurity threats and respond to cybersecurity incidents.  Through ongoing communications with these teams, the 
CISO and Management are informed about and monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity 
threats and incidents and report such threats and incidents to the Board of Directors, as appropriate.

The  CISO  has  served  in  various  roles  in  information  technology,  information  security,  and  business  continuity  for  over  20 
years.    The  CISO  holds  undergraduate  and  graduate  degrees  in  Information  Systems  Management  and  has  attained  the 
professional  certification  of  Certified  Information  Security  Manager  from  the  Information  Systems  Audit  and  Control 
Association.

Material Effects of Cybersecurity Incidents

Previous  cybersecurity  incidents  did  not  have,  and  are  not  reasonably  likely  to  have,  a  material  effect  on  the  Company, 
including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

ITEM 2. 

PROPERTIES

Our principal executive offices are located in leased office space in Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.  Our principal 
leased offices in other countries as of December 31, 2023 include two offices in the United States and one office each in India 
and Uruguay.

We do not own any office facilities.  We consider these facilities to be suitable and currently adequate for the management and 
operations of our businesses.

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ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We  may  become,  from  time  to  time,  involved  in  various  disputes,  litigation,  regulatory  inquiry,  audit,  examinations  and 
investigation matters that arise in the course of business. Given the inherent unpredictability of these proceedings, it is possible 
that future adverse outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Litigation

We are currently involved in legal actions in the course of our business, most of which seek monetary damages.  Although the 
outcome of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we currently believe that their outcome, both individually and 
in the aggregate, will not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Regulatory Matters

Periodically, we are subject to audits, examinations and investigations by governmental authorities and receive subpoenas, civil 
investigative demands or other requests for information from such governmental authorities in connection with their regulatory 
or  investigative  authority.    We  are  currently  responding  to  such  inquiries  from  governmental  authorities  relating  to  certain 
aspects of our business.  We believe it is premature to predict the potential outcome or to estimate any potential financial impact 
in connection with these inquiries.

Our businesses are also subject to extensive regulation which may result in regulatory proceedings or actions against us.  For 
further information, see Item 1A of Part I, “Risk Factors” above and Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

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PART II

ITEM  5. MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “ASPS.”

The  number  of  holders  of  record  of  our  common  stock  as  of  March  1,  2024  was  304.    We  believe  the  number  of  beneficial 
shareholders  is  substantially  greater  than  the  number  of  holders  as  a  large  portion  of  our  common  stock  is  held  through 
brokerage firms.

Dividends

We have not historically declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock, but may declare dividends in the future.  Under 
Luxembourg law, shareholders need to approve certain dividends.  Such approval typically occurs during a company’s annual 
meeting of shareholders.  Luxembourg law imposes limits on our ability to pay dividends based on annual net income and net 
income  carried  forward,  less  any  amounts  placed  in  reserve.    The  provisions  of  our  senior  secured  term  loan  agreement,  as 
amended, also limit our ability to pay dividends.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement in connection with 
our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On May 16, 2023, our shareholders approved the renewal and amendment of the share repurchase program previously approved 
by  the  shareholders  on  May  15,  2018.    Under  the  program,  we  are  authorized  to  purchase  up  to  3.1  million  shares  of  our 
common stock, based on a limit of 15% of the outstanding shares of common stock on the date of approval, at a minimum price 
of  $1.00  per  share  and  a  maximum  price  of  $25.00  per  share,  for  a  period  of  five  years  from  the  date  of  approval.    As  of 
December  31,  2023,  approximately  3.1  million  shares  of  common  stock  remain  available  for  repurchase  under  the  program.  
There were no purchases of shares of common stock during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.  Luxembourg law 
limits  share  repurchases  to  the  balance  of  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  (unconsolidated  parent  company)  retained 
earnings, less the value of shares repurchased.  As of December 31, 2023, we can repurchase up to approximately $116 million 
of  our  common  stock  under  Luxembourg  law.    Under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement,  we  are  not  permitted  to  repurchase 
shares except for limited circumstances.

ITEM 6.

[Reserved]

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ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 

OPERATIONS

Management’s  discussion  and  analysis  of  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  (“MD&A”)  is  a  supplement  to  the 
accompanying consolidated financial statements and is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative 
from  the  perspective  of  management  on  our  businesses,  current  developments,  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and 
liquidity.  Significant sections of the MD&A are as follows:

Overview.    This  section,  beginning  below,  provides  a  description  of  recent  developments  we  believe  are  important  in 
understanding our results of operations and financial condition as well as understanding anticipated future trends.  It also 
provides  a  brief  description  of  significant  transactions  and  events  that  affect  the  comparability  of  financial  results  and  a 
discussion of the progress being made on our strategic initiatives.

Consolidated Results of Operations.  This section, beginning on page 37, provides an analysis of our consolidated results of 
operations for the two years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Segment Results of Operations.  This section, beginning on page 40, provides analysis of our business segments’ results of 
operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources.  This section, beginning on page 45, provides an analysis of our cash flows for the two 
years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022.    We  also  discuss  restrictions  on  cash  movements,  future  commitments  and 
capital resources.

Critical  Accounting  Policies,  Estimates  and  Recent  Accounting  Pronouncements.    This  section,  beginning  on  page  48, 
identifies  those  accounting  principles  we  believe  are  most  important  to  our  financial  results  and  that  require  significant 
judgment and estimates on the part of management in application.  We provide all of our significant accounting policies in 
Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Other Matters.  This section, beginning on page 50, provides a discussion of customer concentration.

OVERVIEW

Our Business

We  are  an  integrated  service  provider  and  marketplace  for  the  real  estate  and  mortgage  industries.    Combining  operational 
excellence  with  a  suite  of  innovative  services  and  technologies,  Altisource  helps  solve  the  demands  of  the  ever-changing 
markets we serve.

We conduct our operations through two reportable segments: Servicer and Real Estate and Origination.  In addition, we report 
Corporate and Others separately.

The Servicer and Real Estate segment provides loan servicers and real estate investors with solutions and technologies that span 
the mortgage and real estate lifecycle.  Within the Servicer and Real Estate segment we provide:

Solutions

Our  Solutions  business  includes  property  preservation  and  inspection  services,  title  insurance  (as  an  agent)  and 
settlement  services,  real  estate  valuation  services,  foreclosure  trustee  services,  and  residential  and  commercial 
construction inspection and risk mitigation services.

Marketplace

Our  Marketplace  business  includes  the  Hubzu  online  real  estate  auction  platform  and  real  estate  auction,  real  estate 
brokerage and asset management services.

Technology and SaaS Products

Our Technology and SaaS Products business includes Equator (a SaaS-based technology to manage REO, short sales, 
foreclosure,  bankruptcy  and  eviction  processes),  Vendorly  Invoice  (a  vendor  invoicing  and  payment  system), 
RentRange  (a  single  and  multi-family  rental  data,  analytics  and  rent-based  valuation  solution),  REALSynergy  (a 
commercial loan servicing platform), and NestRange (an automated valuation model and analytics solution).

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The  Origination  segment  provides  originators  with  solutions  and  technologies  that  span  the  mortgage  origination  lifecycle.  
Within the Origination segment we provide:

Solutions

Our Solutions business includes title insurance (as an agent) and settlement services, real estate valuation services, and 
loan fulfillment, certification and certification insurance services.

Lenders One

Our Lenders One business includes management services provided to the Best Partners Mortgage Cooperative, Inc., 
doing business as Lenders One, and certain loan manufacturing and capital markets services provided to the members 
of the Lenders One cooperative.

Technology and SaaS Products

Our Technology and SaaS Products business includes Vendorly Monitor (a vendor management platform), LOLA (a 
marketplace  to  order  services  and  a  tool  to  automate  components  of  the  loan  manufacturing  process),  TrelixAI 
(technology  to  manage  the  workflow  and  automate  components  of  the  loan  fulfillment,  pre  and  post-close  quality 
control and service transfer processes), and ADMS (a document management and data analytics delivery platform).

Corporate and Others includes interest expense and costs related to corporate functions including executive, infrastructure and 
certain  technology  groups,  finance,  law,  compliance,  human  resources,  vendor  management,  facilities,  risk  management  and 
eliminations between reportable segments.

We classify revenue in three categories: service revenue, revenue from reimbursable expenses and non-controlling interests.  In 
evaluating our performance, we focus on service revenue.  Service revenue consists of amounts attributable to our fee-based 
services.    Reimbursable  expenses  and  non-controlling  interests  are  pass-through  items  for  which  we  earn  no  margin.  
Reimbursable expenses consist of amounts we incur on behalf of our customers in performing our fee-based services that we 
pass directly on to our customers without a markup.  Non-controlling interests represent the earnings of Lenders One.  Lenders 
One is a mortgage cooperative managed, but not owned, by Altisource.  The Lenders One members’ earnings are included in 
revenue and reduced from net income to arrive at net income attributable to Altisource.

Strategy and Core Businesses

We  are  focused  on  becoming  the  premier  provider  of  mortgage  and  real  estate  marketplaces  and  related  technology  enabled 
solutions to a broad and diversified customer base of residential real estate and loan investors, servicers, and originators.  The 
real estate and mortgage marketplaces represent very large markets, and we believe our scale and suite of offerings provide us 
with competitive advantages that could support our growth.  As we navigate the continuing unsettled nature of the housing and 
mortgage servicing markets in the wake of governmental mandates taken in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and other 
macro-economic trends, we continue to evaluate our strategy and core businesses and seek to position our businesses to provide 
long term value to our customers and shareholders.

Each  of  our  business  segments  provides  Altisource  the  potential  to  grow  and  diversify  our  customer  and  revenue  base.    We 
believe  these  business  segments  address  very  large  markets  and  directly  leverage  our  core  competencies  and  distinct 
competitive advantages.  Our business segments and strategic initiatives follow:

Servicer and Real Estate:

Through  our  offerings  that  support  residential  real  estate  and  loan  investors  and  forward  and  reverse  servicers,  we  provide  a 
suite of solutions and technologies intended to meet their growing and evolving needs.  We are focused on growing referrals 
from our existing customer base and attracting new customers to our offerings.  We have a customer base that includes GSEs, 
asset managers, and several large bank and non-bank servicers including Ocwen and Rithm.  We believe we are one of only a 
few providers with a broad suite of solutions, nationwide coverage and scalability.  Further, we believe we are well positioned 
to gain market share from existing and new customers if they consolidate to larger, full-service providers or outsource services 
that have historically been performed in-house.

Origination:

Through our offerings that support mortgage loan originators (or other similar mortgage market participants), we provide a suite 
of solutions and technologies to meet the evolving and growing needs of lenders, mortgage purchasers and securitizers.  We are 
focused on growing business from our existing customer base, attracting new customers to our offerings and developing new 

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offerings.  We have a customer base that includes the Lenders One cooperative members, which includes independent mortgage 
bankers, credit unions, and banks, as well as bank and non-bank loan originators.  We believe our suite of services, technologies 
and  unique  access  to  the  members  of  the  Lenders  One  mortgage  cooperative  position  us  to  grow  our  relationships  with  our 
existing  customer  base  by  growing  membership  of  Lenders  One,  increasing  member  adoption  of  existing  solutions  and 
developing and cross-selling new offerings.  Further, we believe we are well positioned to gain market share from existing and 
new customers as customers and prospects look to Lenders One to help them improve their profitability and better compete.

Corporate and Others includes interest expense and costs related to corporate functions including executive, infrastructure and 
certain  technology  groups,  finance,  law,  compliance,  human  resources,  vendor  management,  facilities,  risk  management  and 
eliminations between reportable segments.

COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts

Actions  taken  by  federal,  state  and  local  governments,  GSEs  and  mortgage  servicers  in  connection  with  the  COVID-19 
pandemic continue to have a profound impact on our business, our customers, and the industries in which we operate.  Despite 
the expiration of certain such measures, we believe servicers are proceeding slowly with foreclosure initiations for borrowers in 
default and foreclosure initiations may not convert to foreclosure sales and REO at the same pace as prior to the pandemic due 
to improved home equity and borrower relief options.  The decline in foreclosure initiations and foreclosure sales throughout 
the pandemic, partially offset by the restart of the default market, significantly decreased default related referrals to Altisource 
and continues to negatively impact virtually all of Altisource’s default related services revenue.

While  we  cannot  predict  whether  the  default  market  will  return  to  a  pre-pandemic  operating  environment,  we  believe  the 
demand for our Default business will grow.  We estimate that in today’s environment it typically takes on average two years to 
convert foreclosure initiations to foreclosure sales and six months to market and sell the REO.  The foreclosure timelines could 
vary  significantly  based  upon,  for  example,  upon  the  state  where  the  property  is  located  and  whether  the  foreclosure  is 
contested.  The REO sale timelines could also vary significantly based upon, for example, the local real estate market, whether 
the home is located in a redemption state and whether the home is occupied post foreclosure.

During 2022 and 2023, to address lower revenue, we worked to (1) reduce our cost structure, (2) maintain the infrastructure to 
deliver default related services for our customer base and support the anticipated increase in demand following the expiration of 
the moratoriums and forbearance plans and CFPB’s rules on temporary loss mitigation measures, and (3) add new Lenders One 
members,  launch  new  solutions  and  increase  customer  adoption  of  our  solutions  to  accelerate  the  growth  of  our  origination 
business.

Share Repurchase Program

On May 16, 2023, our shareholders approved the renewal and amendment of the share repurchase program previously approved 
by  the  shareholders  on  May  15,  2018.    Under  the  program,  we  are  authorized  to  purchase  up  to  3.1  million  shares  of  our 
common stock, based on a limit of 15% of the outstanding shares of common stock on the date of approval, at a minimum price 
of  $1.00  per  share  and  a  maximum  price  of  $25.00  per  share,  for  a  period  of  five  years  from  the  date  of  approval.    As  of 
December  31,  2023,  approximately  3.1  million  shares  of  common  stock  remain  available  for  repurchase  under  the  program.  
There were no purchases of shares of common stock during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.  Luxembourg law 
limits  share  repurchases  to  the  balance  of  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  (unconsolidated  parent  company)  retained 
earnings, less the value of shares repurchased.  As of December 31, 2023, we can repurchase up to approximately $116 million 
of  our  common  stock  under  Luxembourg  law.    Under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement,  we  are  not  permitted  to  repurchase 
shares except for limited circumstances.

Ocwen Related Matters

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  Ocwen  was  our  largest  customer,  accounting  for  44%  of  our  total  revenue.  
Additionally, 6% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 was earned on the loan portfolios serviced by Ocwen, 
when a party other than Ocwen or the MSR owner selected Altisource as the service provider.

Ocwen has disclosed that it is subject to a number of ongoing regulatory examinations, consent orders, inquiries, subpoenas, 
civil  investigative  demands,  requests  for  information  and  other  actions  and  is  subject  to  pending  and  threatened  legal 
proceedings,  some  of  which  include  claims  against  Ocwen  for  substantial  monetary  damages.    Previous  regulatory  actions 
against Ocwen have subjected Ocwen to independent oversight of its operations and placed certain restrictions on its ability to 
acquire servicing rights or proceed with default-related actions on the loans it services.  Existing or future similar matters could 
result  in  adverse  regulatory  or  other  actions  against  Ocwen.    In  addition  to  the  above,  Ocwen  may  become  subject  to  future 
adverse regulatory or other actions.

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Ocwen  has  disclosed  that  Rithm  is  a  significant  client  of  Ocwen’s.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  Ocwen  reported  that 
approximately 16% of loans serviced and subserviced by Ocwen (measured in UPB) and approximately 67% of all delinquent 
loans that Ocwen services were related to Rithm MSRs or rights to MSRs.

The existence or outcome of Ocwen regulatory matters or the termination of Ocwen’s sub-servicing agreements with Rithm or 
other  significant  Ocwen  clients  may  have  significant  adverse  effects  on  Ocwen’s  business.    For  example,  Ocwen  may  be 
required  to  alter  the  way  it  conducts  business,  including  the  parties  it  contracts  with  for  services,  it  may  be  required  to  seek 
changes to its existing pricing structure with us, it may lose its non-GSE servicing rights or subservicing arrangements or may 
lose one or more of its state servicing or origination licenses.  Additional regulatory actions or adverse financial developments 
may impose additional restrictions on or require changes in Ocwen’s business that could require it to sell assets or change its 
business  operations.    Any  or  all  of  these  effects  and  others  could  result  in  our  eventual  loss  of  Ocwen  as  a  customer  or  a 
reduction in the number and/or volume of services it purchases from us or the loss of other customers.

If any of the following events occurred, Altisource’s revenue could be significantly reduced and our results of operations could 
be materially adversely affected, including from the possible impairment or write-off of goodwill, intangible assets, property 
and equipment, other assets and accounts receivable:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Altisource loses Ocwen as a customer or there is a significant reduction in the volume of services it purchases from us

Ocwen loses, sells or transfers a significant portion of its GSE or Federal Housing Administration servicing rights or 
subservicing arrangements or remaining other servicing rights or subservicing arrangements and Altisource fails to be 
retained as a service provider

The  contractual  relationship  between  Ocwen  and  Rithm  changes  significantly,  including  Ocwen’s  sub-servicing 
arrangement with Rithm expiring without renewal, and this change results in a change in our status as a provider of 
services related to the Subject MSRs

Ocwen loses state servicing licenses in states with a significant number of loans in Ocwen’s servicing portfolio

Ocwen is subject to stays, moratoriums, suspensions or other restrictions that limit or delay default-related actions on 
the loans it services

The contractual relationship between Ocwen and Altisource changes significantly or there are significant changes to 
our pricing to Ocwen for services from which we generate material revenue

Altisource otherwise fails to be retained as a service provider and/or there is a reduction in referral volumes

The foregoing list is not intended to be exhaustive.  Management cannot predict whether any of these events or other events will 
occur  or  the  amount  of  any  impact  they  may  have  on  Altisource.    We  are  seeking  to  diversify  and  grow  our  revenue  and 
customer base and we have a sales and marketing strategy to support these efforts.  Moreover, in the event one or more of these 
events materially negatively impact Altisource, we believe the variable nature of our cost structure would allow us to realign 
our cost structure to address some of the impact to revenue and that current liquidity would be sufficient to meet our working 
capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other cash needs.  There can be no assurance that our plans will be successful or 
our operations will be profitable.

Factors Affecting Comparability

The following items impact the comparability of our results:

•

•

•

•

•

Industrywide  foreclosure  initiations  were  4%  lower  in  2023,  compared  to  2022,  and  31%  lower  than  the  same  pre-
COVID-19 period in 2019
Industrywide  foreclosure  sales  were  8%  higher  in  2023,  compared  to  2022,  and  46%  lower  than  the  same  pre-
COVID-19 period in 2019
The  interest  rate  on  the  Company’s  senior  secured  term  loans  was  14.24%  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023, 
compared to 7.67% for the same period in 2022
On February 14, 2023, Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Altisource S.à r.l., entered 
into  Amendment  No.  2  to  the  Credit  Agreement.    In  connection  with  Amendment  No.  2,  the  Company  paid  $3.4 
million  to  advisors  and  recorded  these  payments  as  other  expense  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and 
comprehensive loss
The Company recognized an income tax provision of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.  The income 
tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2023 was driven primarily by income tax expense on transfer pricing 
income from India and the United States, reduction in deferred tax assets related to intangible assets, no tax benefit on 
the pretax loss from our Luxembourg operating company and uncertain tax positions

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•

The Company recognized an income tax provision of $5.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.  The income 
tax  provision  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022  was  driven  by  income  tax  expense  on  transfer  pricing  income 
from  India,  no  tax  benefit  on  the  pretax  loss  from  our  Luxembourg  operating  company,  uncertain  tax  positions  and 
anticipated withholding tax on current year earnings in India

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CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following is a discussion of our consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.  For a 
more detailed discussion of the factors that affected the results of our business segments in these periods, see “Segment Results 
of Operations” below.

The following table sets forth information on our consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands, except per share data)

Service revenue

Servicer and Real Estate
Origination

Total service revenue

Reimbursable expenses
Non-controlling interests
Total revenue
Cost of revenue
Gross profit
Operating expense (income):
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Loss on sale of business
Loss from operations
Other income (expense), net:

Interest expense
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Debt amendment costs
Other income (expense), net

Total other income (expense), net

Loss before income taxes and non-controlling interests
Income tax provision

Net loss
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

2023

% Increase 
(decrease)

2022

$ 

107,779 
28,786 
136,565 
8,273 
228 
145,066 
115,414 
29,652 

46,420 
— 
(16,768) 

(36,103) 
1,145 
(3,410) 
2,788 
(35,580) 

(52,348) 
(3,714) 

(56,062) 
(228) 

 (4)  $ 
 (11) 
 (5) 
 3 
 (61) 
 (5) 
 (12) 
 36 

 (15) 
 (100) 
 49 

 117 
N/M  
N/M  
 24 
 (147) 

 (10) 
 (29) 

 (6) 
 (61) 

112,132 
32,364 
144,496 
8,039 
585 
153,120 
131,305 
21,815 

54,755 
242 
(33,182) 

(16,639) 
— 
— 
2,254 
(14,385) 

(47,567) 
(5,266) 

(52,833) 
(585) 

Net loss attributable to Altisource

$ 

(56,290) 

 (5)  $ 

(53,418) 

Margins:

Gross profit / service revenue
Loss from operations / service revenue

Loss per share:

Basic
Diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

_____________________________________
N/M — not meaningful.

 22 %
 (12) %

 15 %
 (23) %

$ 
$ 

(2.51) 
(2.51) 

 24  $ 
 24  $ 

(3.32) 
(3.32) 

22,418 
22,418 

 40 
 40 

16,070 
16,070 

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Revenue

We recognized service revenue of $136.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a 5% decrease compared to the year 
ended December 31, 2022.  The decrease in service revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 is driven by lower revenue 
in both segments.  Revenue was lower in the Servicer and Real Estate segment from the exit of a low margin customer care 
business in the fourth quarter 2022 and the apparent decline in a customer’s propensity to order services in two of our lower 
margin Solutions businesses within the Servicer and Real Estate segment, partially offset by growth in our foreclosure trustee 
business in the Solutions business within the Servicer and Real Estate segment.  Revenue was lower in the Origination segment 
from  the  overall  market  decline  in  mortgage  originations  partially  offset  by  Lenders  One  growth  driven  by  our  new  reseller 
products.

We recognized reimbursable expense revenue of $8.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a 3% increase compared 
to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.    The  increase  in  reimbursable  expenses  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  is 
primarily driven by an increase in property preservation services in the Solutions business within the Servicer and Real Estate 
segment  partially  offset  by  lower  asset  resolution  and  asset  management  activities  in  the  Marketplace  business  within  the 
Servicer and Real Estate segment.

Certain of our revenues can be impacted by seasonality.  More specifically, revenues from property sales, loan originations and 
certain  property  preservation  services  in  Field  Services  typically  tend  to  be  at  their  lowest  level  during  the  fall  and  winter 
months and at their highest level during the spring and summer months.  However, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and 
related measures and the rapid rise in mortgage interest rates, the seasonal impact to revenue may not follow historical patterns.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost  of  revenue  principally  includes  payroll  and  employee  benefits  associated  with  personnel  employed  in  customer  service, 
operations  and  technology  roles,  fees  paid  to  external  providers  related  to  the  provision  of  services,  reimbursable  expenses, 
technology and telecommunications costs as well as depreciation and amortization of operating assets.

Cost of revenue consists of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Outside fees and services
Compensation and benefits
Technology and telecommunications
Reimbursable expenses
Depreciation and amortization

2023

% Increase 
(decrease)

2022

$ 

55,858 
35,396 
14,196 
8,273 
1,691 

 —  $ 
 (26) 
 (16) 
 3 
 (26) 

55,979 
48,064 
16,937 
8,039 
2,286 

Total

$ 

115,414 

 (12)  $ 

131,305 

We recognized cost of revenue of $115.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a 12% decrease compared to the year 
ended  December  31,  2022.    Compensation  and  benefits  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  decreased  primarily  due  to 
efficiency  initiatives  and  cost  savings  measures  taken  in  2022  and  2023.    Technology  and  telecommunications  for  the  year 
ended  December  31,  2023  decreased  primarily  due  to  the  renegotiation  of  certain  contracts  and  lower  overall  headcount.  
Depreciation and amortization was lower from the completion of the depreciation periods of certain premises and equipment 
and the reduction in capital expenditures.

Gross profit increased to $29.7 million, representing 22% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared 
to $21.8 million, representing 15% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2022.  Gross profit as a percentage of 
service revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 primarily due 
to margin expansion in both the Servicer and Real Estate segment and the Origination segment from efficiency initiatives and 
cost savings measures and lower corporate costs as a percentage of revenue.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling,  general  and  administrative  (“SG&A”)  expenses  includes  payroll  for  personnel  employed  in  executive,  sales  and 
marketing, finance, technology, law, compliance, audit, human resources, vendor management, facilities and risk management 
roles.  This category also includes professional services fees, occupancy costs, marketing costs, depreciation and amortization 
of non-operating assets and other expenses.

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SG&A expenses consist of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Compensation and benefits
Professional services
Amortization of intangible assets
Occupancy related costs
Marketing costs
Depreciation and amortization
Other

2023

% Increase 
(decrease)

2022

$ 

20,879 
7,885 
5,182 
4,917 
1,977 
701 
4,879 

 (9)  $ 
 (32) 
 1 
 (2) 
 (36) 
 (39) 
 (16) 

22,973 
11,595 
5,129 
5,000 
3,107 
1,154 
5,797 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

$ 

46,420 

 (15)  $ 

54,755 

SG&A  expenses  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  of  $46.4  million  decreased  by  15%  compared  to  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2022.    The  decrease  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  primarily  driven  by  lower  compensation  and 
benefits,  professional  services  and  marketing  costs.    Compensation  and  benefits  and  marketing  costs  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023 decreased from efficiency initiatives and cost savings measures.  Professional services for the year ended 
December 31, 2023 decreased primarily due to lower legal and litigation fees.

Loss from Operations

Loss  from  operations  was  $(16.8)  million,  representing  (12)%  of  service  revenue,  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023 
compared to loss from operations of $(33.2) million, representing (23)% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 
2022.  Loss from operations as a percentage of service revenue improved for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 
the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily as a result of higher gross profit margins and the percentage reduction in SG&A 
expenses in excess of the percentage change in revenue.

Other income (expense), net

Other income (expense), net, principally includes interest expense and other non-operating gains and losses.

Other income (expense), net was $(35.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $(14.4) million for the 
year  ended  December  31,  2022.    The  change  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  primarily  driven  by  higher  interest 
expense  and  debt  amendment  costs,  partially  offset  by  a  gain  on  the  change  in  fair  value  of  the  warrant  liability  and  higher 
interest and other income.  The higher interest expense was driven by higher interest rates due to the increase in SOFR and the 
increase in the SOFR spread on our amended SSTL and higher amortization of debt discount and debt issuance and amendment 
costs.

Income Tax Provision

We  recognized  an  income  tax  provision  of  $3.7  million  and  $5.3  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022, 
respectively.

The  income  tax  provision  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  driven  primarily  by  income  tax  expense  on  transfer 
pricing income from India and the United States, reduction in deferred tax assets related to intangible assets, no tax benefit on 
the pretax loss from our Luxembourg operating company and uncertain tax positions.

The income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2022 was driven by income tax expense on transfer pricing income 
from India, no tax benefit on the pretax loss from our Luxembourg operating company, uncertain tax positions and anticipated 
withholdings tax on current year earnings in India.

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SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The  following  section  provides  a  discussion  of  pretax  results  of  operations  of  our  business  segments.    Transactions  between 
segments are accounted for as third party arrangements for purposes of presenting segment results of operations.

Financial information for our segments was as follows:

(in thousands)

Revenue

Service revenue
Reimbursable expenses
Non-controlling interests

Cost of revenue
Gross profit (loss) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Income (loss) from operations
Total other income (expense), net

For the year ended December 31, 2023

Servicer and 
Real Estate

Origination

Corporate and 
Others

Consolidated 
Altisource

$ 

107,779 
7,688 
— 
115,467 
73,746 
41,721 
9,622 
32,099 
— 

$ 

$ 

28,786 
585 
228 
29,599 
27,946 
1,653 
7,693 
(6,040) 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
13,722 
(13,722) 
29,105 
(42,827) 
(35,580) 

136,565 
8,273 
228 
145,066 
115,414 
29,652 
46,420 
(16,768) 
(35,580) 

Income (loss) before income taxes and non-controlling interests

$ 

32,099 

$ 

(6,040) 

$ 

(78,407)  $ 

(52,348) 

Margins:

Gross profit (loss) / service revenue
Income (loss) from operations / service revenue

_____________________________________
N/M — not meaningful.

(in thousands)

Revenue

Service revenue
Reimbursable expenses
Non-controlling interests

Cost of revenue
Gross profit (loss) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Gain on sale of business
Income (loss) from operations
Total other income (expense), net

 39 %
 30 %

 6 %
 (21) %

N/M
N/M

 22 %
 (12) %

For the year ended December 31, 2022

Servicer and 
Real Estate

Origination

Corporate and 
Others

Consolidated 
Altisource

$ 

112,132 
7,529 
— 
119,661 
81,148 
38,513 
12,057 
— 
26,456 
4 

$ 

$ 

32,364 
510 
585 
33,459 
32,052 
1,407 
8,825 
— 
(7,418) 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
18,105 
(18,105) 
33,873 
242 
(52,220) 
(14,389) 

144,496 
8,039 
585 
153,120 
131,305 
21,815 
54,755 
242 
(33,182) 
(14,385) 

Income (loss) before income taxes and non-controlling interests

$ 

26,460 

$ 

(7,418) 

$ 

(66,609)  $ 

(47,567) 

Margins:

Gross profit (loss) / service revenue
Income (loss) from operations / service revenue

_____________________________________
N/M — not meaningful.

 34 %
 24 %

 4 %
 (23) %

N/M
N/M

 15 %
 (23) %

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Servicer and Real Estate

Revenue

Revenue by line of business was as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Service revenue:

Solutions
Marketplace
Technology and SaaS Products

Total service revenue

Reimbursable expenses:

Solutions
Marketplace

Total reimbursable expenses

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

67,946  $ 
27,878 
11,955 
107,779 

71,686 
29,020 
11,426 
112,132 

3,551 
4,137 
7,688 

3,203 
4,326 
7,529 

 (5) 
 (4) 
 5 
 (4) 

 11 
 (4) 
 2 

 (4) 

Total revenue

$ 

115,467  $ 

119,661 

We recognized service revenue of $107.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a 4% decrease compared to the year 
ended December 31, 2022.  We also recognized reimbursable expense revenue of $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 
2023,  a  2%  increase  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.    The  decrease  in  service  revenue  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023 was driven by the exit of a low margin customer care business within the Solutions business in the fourth 
quarter 2022 and the apparent decline in a customer’s propensity to order services in two of our lower margin businesses within 
the Solutions business, partially offset by growth in our foreclosure trustee business in the Solutions business.

Certain  of  our  Servicer  and  Real  Estate  businesses  are  impacted  by  seasonality.    Revenues  from  property  sales  and  certain 
property preservation services are generally lowest during the fall and winter months and highest during the spring and summer 
months.  However, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and related measures and the rapid rise in mortgage interest rates, the 
seasonal impact to revenue may not follow historical patterns.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost of revenue consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Outside fees and services
Compensation and benefits
Reimbursable expenses
Technology and telecommunications
Depreciation and amortization

Cost of revenue

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

35,962  $ 
22,214 
7,688 
7,138 
744 

40,235 
25,786 
7,529 
6,627 
971 

$ 

73,746  $ 

81,148 

 (11) 
 (14) 
 2 
 8 
 (23) 

 (9) 

Cost  of  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  of  $73.7  million  decreased  by  9%  compared  to  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2022.  

The decrease in cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily driven by lower compensation and benefits 
primarily  due  to  efficiency  initiatives  and  cost  savings  measures  and  outside  fees  and  services  from  lower  revenue,  partially 
offset by higher technology and telecommunications in the Solutions business from a prior year credit received related to the 
renegotiation of a vendor agreement for property management technologies.

Gross profit increased to $41.7 million, representing 39% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared 
to $38.5 million, representing 34% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2022.  Gross profit as a percentage of 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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service  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  increased  primarily  due  to  efficiency  initiatives  and  cost  savings 
measures.  Our margins can vary substantially depending upon the service revenue mix. 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Amortization of intangible assets
Compensation and benefits
Professional services
Marketing costs
Occupancy related costs
Depreciation and amortization
Other

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

2,960  $ 
2,311 
1,734 
1,258 
631 
2 
726 

2,970 
2,594 
2,711 
1,524 
931 
12 
1,315 

 — 
 (11) 
 (36) 
 (17) 
 (32) 
 (83) 
 (45) 

 (20) 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

$ 

9,622  $ 

12,057 

SG&A  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  of  $9.6  million  decreased  by  20%  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31, 
2022.  

The decrease in SG&A for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily due to lower professional services, marketing costs, 
compensation and benefits, occupancy related costs and other expenses.  Professional services for the year ended December 31, 
2023  decreased  primarily  due  to  lower  legal  fees.    Compensation  and  benefits,  occupancy  related  costs,  marketing  costs  and 
other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased from efficiency initiatives and cost savings measures.

Income from operations

Income from operations increased to $32.1 million, representing 30% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2023 
compared  to  $26.5  million,  representing  24%  of  service  revenue,  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.    The  increase  in 
operating  income  as  a  percentage  of  service  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  is  primarily  the  result  of  higher 
gross profit margins and a percentage reduction in SG&A in excess of the percentage reduction in revenue.

Origination

Revenue

Revenue by business unit was as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Service revenue:
Lenders One
Solutions
Technology and SaaS Products

Total service revenue

Reimbursable expenses:

Solutions

Total reimbursable expenses

Non-controlling interests

Total revenue

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

22,644  $ 
5,507 
635 
28,786 

20,027 
11,610 
727 
32,364 

585 
585 

228 

510 
510 

585 

$ 

29,599  $ 

33,459 

 13 
 (53) 
 (13) 
 (11) 

 15 
 15 

 (61) 

 (12) 

We recognized service revenue of $28.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, an 11% decrease compared to the year 

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ended December 31, 2022.  We also recognized reimbursable expense revenue of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 
2023,  a  15%  increase  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.    The  decrease  in  service  revenue  in  the  Origination 
segment  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  is  primarily  driven  by  the  overall  market  decline  in  mortgage  originations 
partially  offset  by  Lenders  One  growth  with  our  new  reseller  products.    The  decline  in  the  Solutions  business  revenue  was 
greater than the overall market decline as a greater percentage of revenue in some of our Solutions businesses was derived from 
refinance transactions which declined at a greater rate than the overall market.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost of revenue consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Outside fees and services
Compensation and benefits
Technology and telecommunications
Reimbursable expenses
Depreciation and amortization

Cost of revenue

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

19,896  $ 
6,320 
1,108 
585 
37 

15,744 
13,955 
1,806 
510 
37 

$ 

27,946  $ 

32,052 

 26 
 (55) 
 (39) 
 15 
 — 

 (13) 

Cost  of  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  of  $27.9  million  decreased  by  13%  compared  to  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2022.    The  decrease  in  cost  of  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  primarily  driven  by  the 
alignment of compensation and benefits and technology and telecommunications with lower service revenue discussed above, 
partially offset by the increase in outside fees and services from Lenders One revenue growth.

Gross profit increased to $1.7 million, representing 6% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 
$1.4  million,  representing  4%  of  service  revenue,  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.    Gross  profit  as  a  percentage  of 
service revenue increased from margin expansion from efficiency initiatives and cost savings measures.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Compensation and benefits
Amortization of intangible assets
Professional services
Marketing costs
Occupancy related costs
Depreciation and amortization
Other

Selling, general and administrative expenses
_____________________________________
N/M — not meaningful.

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

2,194  $ 
2,222 
894 
728 
302 
1 
1,352 

2,887 
2,159 
815 
1,569 
543 
— 
852 

 (24) 
 3 
 10 
 (54) 
 (44) 
N/M
 59 

$ 

7,693  $ 

8,825 

 (13) 

SG&A  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  of  $7.7  million  decreased  by  13%  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31, 
2022.    The  decrease  in  SG&A  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  primarily  due  to  lower  marketing  costs  and 
compensation and benefits from efficiency initiatives and cost savings measures and lower occupancy related costs.

Income from Operations

Loss  from  operations  was  $(6.0)  million,  representing  (21)%  of  service  revenue,  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023 
compared to loss from operations of $(7.4) million, representing (23)% of service revenue, for the year ended December 31, 
2022.  The improvement in operating loss as a percentage of service revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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from  higher  gross  profit  margins  and  from  a  greater  percentage  reduction  in  SG&A  expenses  than  the  percentage  change  in 
revenue.

Corporate and Others

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Compensation and benefits
Technology and telecommunications
Depreciation and amortization

Cost of revenue

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

6,862  $ 
5,950 
910 

8,323 
8,504 
1,278 

$ 

13,722  $ 

18,105 

 (18) 
 (30) 
 (29) 

 (24) 

Cost  of  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  of  $13.7  million  decreased  by  24%  compared  to  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2022.    The  decrease  in  cost  of  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  is  primarily  driven  by  lower 
technology and telecommunications and compensation and benefits due to efficiency initiatives and cost savings initiatives.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A in Corporate and Others include costs related to the corporate functions including executive, finance, technology, law, 
compliance, human resources, vendor management, facilities, risk management and eliminations between reportable segments.

SG&A expenses consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Compensation and benefits
Professional services
Occupancy related costs
Depreciation and amortization
Marketing costs
Other

2023

2022

% Increase 
(decrease)

$ 

16,374  $ 
5,257 
3,984 
698 
(9) 
2,801 

17,492 
8,069 
3,526 
1,142 
14 
3,630 

 (6) 
 (35) 
 13 
 (39) 
 (164) 
 (23) 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

$ 

29,105  $ 

33,873 

 (14) 

SG&A for the year ended December 31, 2023 of $29.1 million decreased by 14% compared to the year ended December 31, 
2022.  The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily driven by lower professional services, compensation 
and benefits and other expenses.  Professional services for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased due to lower insurance, 
legal  and  audit  related  expenses.    The  decrease  in  compensation  and  benefits  was  driven  by  efficiency  initiatives  and  cost 
savings measures.

Other Income (Expense), net

Other Income (Expense), net principally includes interest expense and other non-operating gains and losses.

Other Income (Expense), net was $(35.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $(14.4) million for the 
year  ended  December  31,  2022.    The  change  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  primarily  driven  by  higher  interest 
expense  and  debt  amendment  costs,  partially  offset  by  a  gain  on  the  change  in  fair  value  of  the  warrant  liability  and  higher 
interest and other income.  The higher interest expense was driven by higher interest rates, higher interest rates on our amended 
SSTL and higher amortization of debt discount and debt issuance and amendment costs.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

Our primary source of liquidity has historically been cash flow from operations, cash proceeds from sales of businesses, cash 
proceeds  from  the  sale  of  equity  securities  and  cash  on  hand.    However,  due  to  governmental  and  market  responses  to  the 
COVID-19 pandemic, revenue has declined significantly.  The lower revenue, partially offset by efficiency initiatives and cost 
savings measures, resulted in negative operating cash flow from operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.  
We  believe  our  anticipated  revenue  growth  from  the  return  of  the  default  market,  on-boarding  sales  wins,  and  revenue  mix 
together with our reduced cost structure, should help reduce negative operating cash flow.  We seek to deploy cash generated in 
a disciplined manner.  Principally, we intend to use cash to develop and grow complementary services and businesses that we 
believe will generate attractive margins in line with our core capabilities and strategy and fund negative operating cash flow.  
We also use cash for repayments of our long-term debt and capital investments.  In addition, from time to time we consider and 
evaluate business acquisitions, dispositions, closures, sales of equity securities or other similar actions that are aligned with our 
strategy.

Senior Secured Term Loans

In  April  2018,  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Altisource  S.à  r.l.,  entered  into  a  credit 
agreement  with  Morgan  Stanley  Senior  Funding,  Inc.,  as  administrative  agent  and  collateral  agent,  and  certain  lenders  (the 
“Credit  Agreement”).    Under  the  Credit  Agreement,  Altisource  borrowed  $412  million  in  the  form  of  the  SSTL.    Effective 
February  14,  2023,  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  and  Altisource  S.à  r.l.  entered  into  Amendment  No.  2  to  the  Credit 
Agreement (as amended by Amendment No. 2, the “Amended Credit Agreement”).  Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. and its 
subsidiaries, subject to the applicable exclusions in the Amended Credit Agreement, are guarantors on the SSTL (collectively, 
the  “Guarantors”).    Effective  June  1,  2023,  the  administrative  agent  and  collateral  agent  of  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement 
changed to Wilmington Trust, N.A.

The  maturity  date  of  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement  is  April  30,  2025.    If  Aggregate  Paydowns  under  the  Amended  Credit 
Agreement are equal to or greater than $30 million by February 13, 2024, then (subject to the representations and warranties 
being  true  and  correct  as  of  such  date  and  there  being  no  default  or  event  of  default  being  in  existence  as  of  such  date)  the 
maturity date of the SSTL may be extended at the Company’s option to April 30, 2026.  Such extension is conditioned upon the 
Company’s payment of a 2% payment-in-kind extension fee on or before April 30, 2025. 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, Company made $30 million of Aggregate Paydowns.

All amounts outstanding under the SSTL become due on the earlier of (i) the maturity date, and (ii) the date on which the loans 
are declared to be due and owing by the administrative agent at the request (or with the consent) of the Required Lenders (as 
defined in the Amended Credit Agreement; other capitalized terms, unless defined herein, are defined in the Amended Credit 
Agreement) or as otherwise provided in the Amended Credit Agreement upon the occurrence of any event of default.  There are 
no mandatory repayments of the SSTL, except as set forth herein, until the April 30, 2025 maturity when the balance is due.  If 
the maturity date is extended to April 30, 2026, the Company is required to make mandatory repayments of $5.2 million in the 
first quarter of 2026 with the remaining balance due at the April 2026 maturity.

In addition to the scheduled principal payments, subject to certain exceptions, the SSTL is subject to mandatory prepayment 
upon issuances of debt, certain casualty and condemnation events and sales of assets, as well as 50% of Consolidated Excess 
Cash Flow, as calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Amended Credit Agreement.

Altisource may incur incremental indebtedness under the Amended Credit Agreement from one or more incremental lenders, 
which may include existing lenders, in an aggregate incremental principal amount not to exceed $50 million, subject to certain 
conditions  set  forth  in  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement.    The  lenders  have  no  obligation  to  provide  any  incremental 
indebtedness.

Through March 29, 2023, the SSTL’s interest rate was the Adjusted Eurodollar Rate plus 4.00%.  Beginning March 30, 2023, 
the SSTL bears interest at rates based upon, at our option, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or the Base Rate, 
as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement.  If the Company selects SOFR, the term loans initially bear interest at a rate per 
annum equal to SOFR plus 5.00% payable in cash plus 5.00% payable in kind (“PIK”).  If the Company selects Base Rate, the 
loans initially bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus 4.00% payable in cash plus 5.00% PIK.  Base Rate 
term loans bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (x) the Base Rate and (y) 2.00% plus (ii) 
4.00%.   The PIK component of the interest rate is subject to adjustment based on the amount of Aggregate Paydowns as set 
forth in the table below.  The PIK component of the interest rate was 3.75% for the six months ended December 31, 2023 and 

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Table of Contents

4.50% for the three months ended June 30, 2023.  The interest rate as of December 31, 2023, including the PIK component, 
was 14.24%.

Aggregate Paydowns

Less than $20 million
$20 million+ but less than below
$30 million+ but less than below
$40 million+ but less than below
$45 million+ but less than below
$50 million+ but less than below
$55 million+ but less than below
$60 million+ but less than below
$65 million+ but less than below
$70 million+

PIK Component of 
Interest Rate
5.00%
4.50%
3.75%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
2.00%
1.00%
0.50%
0.00%

If, as of the end of any calendar quarter, (i) the amount of unencumbered cash and cash equivalents of Altisource S.à r.l. and 
its direct and indirect subsidiaries on a consolidated basis plus (ii) the undrawn commitment amount under the Revolver is, or 
is  forecast  as  of  the  end  of  the  immediately  subsequent  calendar  quarter  to  be,  less  than  $35  million,  then  up  to  2.00%  in 
interest otherwise payable in cash in the following quarter may be paid in kind at the Company’s election.

The payment of all amounts owing by Altisource under the Amended Credit Agreement is guaranteed by the Guarantors and is 
secured by a pledge of all equity interests of certain subsidiaries of Altisource, as well as a lien on substantially all of the assets 
of Altisource S.à r.l. and the Guarantors, subject to certain exceptions.

The  Amended  Credit  Agreement  includes  covenants  that  restrict  or  limit,  among  other  things,  our  ability,  subject  to  certain 
exceptions  and  baskets,  to  incur  additional  debt,  pay  dividends  and  repurchase  shares  of  our  common  stock.    Under  the 
Amended  Credit  Agreement,  we  are  not  permitted  to  repurchase  shares  except  for  limited  circumstances.    In  the  event  we 
require additional liquidity, our ability to obtain it may be limited by the Amended Credit Agreement.

As of December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal balance of the SSTL was $224 million.

Revolver

On June 22, 2021 Altisource S.à r.l, a subsidiary of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A., entered into a revolving credit facility 
with a related party, STS Master Fund, Ltd. (“STS”) (the “Revolver”).  STS is an investment fund managed by Deer Park.  Deer 
Park owns approximately 16% of Altisource’s common stock as of December 31, 2023 and owns Altisource debt as a lender 
under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement.    Deer  Park’s  Chief  Investment  Officer  and  managing  partner  was  a  member  of 
Altisource’s Board of Directors until his resignation on March 1, 2022.  The replacement director appointed by the Board of 
Directors and subsequently elected  by shareholders is a current employee of Deer Park.  The Revolver was amended effective 
February 14, 2023 (the “Amended Revolver”).  Under the terms of the Amended Revolver, STS will make loans to Altisource 
from  time  to  time,  in  amounts  requested  by  Altisource  and  Altisource  may  voluntarily  prepay  all  or  any  portion  of  the 
outstanding loans at any time.  The Amended Revolver provides Altisource the ability to borrow a maximum amount of $15.0 
million.  Amounts that are repaid may be re-borrowed in accordance with the limitations set forth below.

The  maturity  date  of  the  Amended  Revolver  coincides  with  the  maturity  date  of  the  SSTL  under  the  Amended  Credit 
Agreement, as it may be extended.  The outstanding balance on the Amended Revolver is due and payable on such maturity 
date.

Borrowings under the Amended Revolver bear interest of 10.00% per annum in cash and 3.00% per annum PIK and are payable 
quarterly on the last business day of each March, June, September and December.  In connection with the Amended Revolver, 
Altisource  is  required  to  pay  a  usage  fee  equal  to  $0.75  million  at  the  initial  extension  of  credit  pursuant  to  the  Amended 
Revolver.

Altisource’s obligations under the Amended Revolver are secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the 
Company, which lien will be pari passu with liens securing the SSTL under the Amended Credit Agreement.

The  Amended  Revolver  contains  additional  representations,  warranties,  covenants,  terms  and  conditions  customary  for 
transactions  of  this  type,  that  restrict  or  limit,  among  other  things,  our  ability  to  use  the  proceeds  of  credit  only  for  general 
corporate purposes.

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Table of Contents

As  of  December  31,  2023,  there  was  no  outstanding  debt  under  the  Amended  Revolver  and  since  obtaining  the  Amended 
Revolver, the Company has not borrowed any amount under the Amended Revolver.

Cash Flows

The following table presents our cash flows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

2023

% Increase 
(decrease)

2022

Net cash used in operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period

$ 

(21,833) 
— 
2,976 
(18,857) 
54,273 

 (51)  $ 
 (100) 
 234 
 (61) 
 (47) 

(44,888) 
(767) 
(2,221) 
(47,876) 
102,149 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period

$ 

35,416 

 (35)  $ 

54,273 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash  flows  from  operating  activities  generally  consist  of  the  cash  effects  of  transactions  and  events  that  enter  into  the 
determination  of  net  loss.    For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  net  cash  used  in  operating  activities  was  $(21.8)  million 
compared to net cash used in operating activities of $(44.9) million for the year ended December 31, 2022.  During the year 
ended December 31, 2023, the decrease in cash used in operating activities was driven by a $17.9 million improvement in cash 
provided by (used for) working capital and a $11.5 million increase in non-cash interest expense (amortization of debt discount 
and  amortization  of  debt  issuance  and  amendment  costs),  partially  offset  by  a  $3.2  million  increase  in  net  loss  and  a  $2.1 
million  decrease  in  non-cash  depreciation  and  deferred  income  tax  expenses.    The  increase  in  net  loss  was  primarily  due  to 
higher interest expense driven by higher interest rates on our Amended Credit Agreement and debt amendment costs, partially 
offset by lower corporate costs and higher operating income in the Servicer and Real Estate segment from our cash cost savings 
measures.  The improvement in cash provided by (used for) changes in working capital was primarily driven by the $3.8 million 
net collection of taxes receivable for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to a net payment of taxes of $3.3 million for 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2022,  a  $2.0  million  return  of  surety  bonds,  and  no  cash  bonuses  paid  in  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2023.    Non-cash  interest  expense  increased  as  a  result  of  the  February  2023  Amended  Credit  Agreement.  
Operating  cash  flows  can  be  negatively  impacted  because  of  the  nature  of  some  of  our  services  and  the  mix  of  services 
provided.  Certain services are performed immediately following or shortly after the referral, but the collection of the receivable 
does not occur until a specific event occurs (e.g., the foreclosure is complete, the REO asset is sold, etc.).  Furthermore, lower 
margin services generate lower income and cash flows from operations.  Consequently, our cash flows from operations may not 
be comparable from one period to another.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash  flows  from  investing  activities  generally  include  additions  to  premises  and  equipment  and  proceeds  from  the  sale  of 
businesses.  Net cash used in investing activities was $(0.8) million for the year ended 2022 (no comparable amount for the year 
ended December 31, 2023).  We used $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 (no comparable amount for the year 
ended December 31, 2023), for additions to premises and equipment primarily related to the purchase of technology hardware.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash flows from financing activities primarily included payments of tax withholding on issuance of restricted share units and 
restricted shares, distributions to non-controlling interests, proceeds from the sale of equity securities, debt repayments and debt 
amendment costs.  Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities were $3.0 million and $(2.2) million for the years ended 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  During the year ended December 31, 2023, we received $38.8 million in proceeds 
from the issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs and used $30.0 million of the proceeds for repayment of debt.  Also 
during the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid $4.9 million to lenders or others on behalf of the lenders related to the debt 
amendment.    During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  made  payments  of  $0.5  million  and  $1.1  million, 
respectively,  to  satisfy  employee  tax  withholding  obligations  on  the  issuance  of  restricted  share  units  and  restricted  shares.  
These payments were made to tax authorities, at the employees’ direction, to satisfy the employees’ tax obligations rather than 
issuing  a  portion  of  vested  restricted  share  units  and  restricted  shares  to  employees.    In  addition,  during  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, we distributed $0.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, to non-controlling interests.

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Future Uses of Cash

Our significant future liquidity obligations primarily pertain to the maturity of the SSTL under the Amended Credit Agreement, 
interest expense under the Amended Credit Agreement (see Liquidity section above), and operating lease payments on certain 
of our premises and equipment.

Significant future uses of cash include the following:

(in thousands)

Senior secured term loans (1)
Interest expense payments (2)
Lease payments

Total

2024

2025-2026

2027-2028

Payments Due by Period

$ 

235,741  $ 
31,880 
3,785 

—  $ 

23,752 
1,762 

235,741  $ 
8,128 
2,023 

Total

$ 

271,406  $ 

25,514  $ 

245,892  $ 

— 
— 
— 

— 

______________________________________
(1)  The outstanding balance of our SSTL as of December 31, 2023 is $224 million and is due on April 30, 2025.  If Aggregate 
Paydowns are equal to or greater than $30 million, then (subject to a payment of a 2% payment-in-kind extension fee on or 
before April 30, 2025 and subject to the representations and warranties being true and correct as of such date and there being 
no  default  or  event  of  default  being  in  existence  as  of  such  date)  the  maturity  date  of  the  SSTL  may  be  extended  at  the 
Company’s option to April 30, 2026.  During the year ended December 31, 2023, Company made $30 million of Aggregate 
Paydowns.    The  table  herein  reflects  a  maturity  of  April  2025.    The  increase  in  outstanding  balance  is  from  the  PIK 
component of our interest expense and is assumed to be paid in kind through the April 2025 maturity date.

(2)  Estimated  future  interest  payments  based  on  the  SOFR  interest  rate  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  the  April  30,  2025 
maturity date.  Based on the April 30, 2025 maturity date, no interest expense has been included beyond April 30, 2025.

We  anticipate  funding  future  liquidity  requirements  with  a  combination  of  existing  cash  balances,  cash  anticipated  to  be 
generated by operating activities and, as needed, proceeds from the Amended Revolver.  For further information, see Note 11 
and Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Our off-balance sheet arrangements consist of escrow arrangements.

We  hold  customers’  assets  in  escrow  accounts  at  various  financial  institutions  pending  completion  of  certain  real  estate 
activities.  These amounts are held in escrow accounts for limited periods of time and are not included in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets.  Amounts held in escrow accounts were $21.6 million and $13.2 million as of December 31, 2023 
and 2022, respectively.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES, ESTIMATES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP.  In applying many of these accounting principles, 
we  need  to  make  assumptions,  estimates  and  judgments  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  revenue  and 
expenses  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements.    We  base  our  estimates  and  judgments  on  historical  experience  and  other 
assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances.  These assumptions, estimates and judgments, however, 
are  often  subjective.    Actual  results  may  be  negatively  affected  based  on  changing  circumstances.    If  actual  amounts  are 
ultimately different from our estimates, the revisions are included in our results of operations for the period in which the actual 
amounts become known.

We have identified the critical accounting policies and estimates addressed below.  We also have other key accounting policies, 
which involve the use of assumptions, estimates and judgments that are significant to understanding our results.  For additional 
information,  see  Note  2  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements.    Although  we  believe  that  our  assumptions,  estimates  and 
judgments  are  reasonable,  they  are  based  upon  information  presently  available.    Actual  results  may  differ  significantly  from 
these estimates under different assumptions, judgments or conditions.

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Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service to a customer in 
an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive.  This revenue can be recognized at a point in time or over 
time.  We invoice customers based on our contractual arrangements with each customer, which may not be consistent with the 
period that revenues are recognized.  When there is a timing difference between when we invoice customers and when revenues 
are recognized, we record either a contract asset (unbilled accounts receivable) or a contract liability (deferred revenue or other 
current liabilities), as appropriate.

Descriptions of our principal revenue generating activities are as follows:

Servicer and Real Estate

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

For property preservation and inspection services and payment management technologies, we recognize transactional 
revenue when the service is provided

For  vendor  management  transactions,  we  recognize  revenue  over  the  period  during  which  we  perform  the  services.  
We use judgment to determine the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services

For loan disbursement review services, we recognize revenue over the period during which we perform the processing 
services with full recognition upon completion of the disbursements

For foreclosure trustee services, we recognize revenue over the period during which we perform the related services, 
with full recognition upon completion and/or recording the related foreclosure deed.  We use judgment to determine 
the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services

For the real estate auction platform, real estate auction and real estate brokerage services, we recognize revenue on a 
net basis (i.e., commission and/or auction fee, as applicable, on the sale) at the closing of the sale of the REO as we 
perform services as an agent without assuming the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset and the commission 
earned on the sale is a fixed percentage or amount

For SaaS based technology to manage REO, we recognize revenue over the estimated average number of months the 
REO are on the platform or ratably over the contract period.  We generally recognize revenue for professional services 
as services are provided.  We use judgment to determine the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of 
these services

For  loan  servicing  technologies,  we  generally  recognize  revenue  based  on  the  number  of  loans  on  the  system.    We 
generally recognized revenue from professional services as services are provided.  We use judgment to determine the 
period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services

Reimbursable expenses revenue related to property preservation and inspection services, real estate sales, title services 
and  foreclosure  trustee  services  is  included  in  revenue  with  an  equal  amount  recognized  in  cost  of  revenue.    These 
amounts are recognized on a gross basis, principally because generally we have control over selection of vendors and 
the vendor relationships are with us, rather than with our customers

Origination

•

•

For  the  majority  of  the  services  we  provide,  we  recognize  transactional  revenue  when  the  service  is  provided.    We 
recognize membership fees from Lender One members ratably over the term of membership

For vendor management oversight SaaS, we recognize revenue over the period during which we perform the services.  
We use judgment to determine the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

Goodwill 

We  evaluate  goodwill  for  impairment  annually  during  the  fourth  quarter  or  more  frequently  when  an  event  occurs  or 
circumstances change in a manner that indicates the carrying value may not be recoverable.  We first assess qualitative factors 
to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value as a basis for 
determining whether we need to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test.  Only if we determine, based on qualitative 
assessment, that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value will we calculate the 
fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit.    We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  units  using  discounted  cash  flows  and  market 
comparisons.  The discounted cash flow method is based on the present value of projected cash flows.  Forecasts of future cash 
flows are based on our estimate of future sales and operating expenses, based primarily on estimated pricing, sales volumes, 
market segment share, cost trends and general economic conditions.  The estimated cash flows are discounted using a rate that 

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represents our estimated weighted average cost of capital.  The market comparisons include an analysis of revenue and earnings 
multiples of guideline public companies compared to the Company.

Identifiable Intangible Assets

Identified intangible assets consist primarily of customer related intangible assets, operating agreements, trademarks and trade 
names  and  other  intangible  assets.    We  determine  the  useful  lives  of  our  identifiable  intangible  assets  after  considering  the 
specific facts and circumstances related to each intangible asset.  Factors we consider when determining useful lives include the 
contractual term of any arrangements, the history of the asset, our long-term strategy for use of the asset and other economic 
factors.    We  amortize  intangible  assets  that  we  deem  to  have  definite  lives  in  proportion  to  actual  and  expected  customer 
revenues or on a straight-line basis over their useful lives, generally ranging from 4 to 20 years.

We perform tests for impairment if conditions exist that indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable.  When facts and 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  value  of  intangible  assets  determined  to  have  definite  lives  may  not  be  recoverable, 
management assesses the recoverability of the carrying value by preparing estimates of cash flows of discrete intangible assets 
generally consistent with models utilized for internal planning purposes.  If the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash 
flows is less than the carrying value, we recognize an impairment to the extent the carrying amount exceeds fair value.

Income Taxes

We record income taxes in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 
740, Income Taxes (“ASC Topic 740”).  We account for certain income and expense items differently for financial reporting 
purposes and income tax purposes.  We recognize deferred income tax assets and liabilities for these differences between the 
financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities as well as expected benefits of utilizing net operating loss 
and  credit  carryforwards.    The  most  significant  temporary  differences  relate  to  accrued  compensation,  amortization,  loss 
carryforwards and valuation allowances.  We measure deferred income tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected 
to apply to taxable income in the years in which we anticipate recovery or settlement of those temporary differences.  The effect 
on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted.  
Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred 
tax assets will not be realized.

Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective governmental taxing authorities.  
Significant judgment is required in determining tax expense and in evaluating tax positions including evaluating uncertainties 
under ASC Topic 740.  We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax 
position  will  be  sustained  on  examination  by  the  taxing  authorities  based  on  the  technical  merits  of  the  position.    The  tax 
benefits  recognized  in  the  financial  statements  from  such  positions  are  then  measured  based  on  the  largest  benefit  that  has  a 
greater  than  50%  likelihood  of  being  realized  upon  ultimate  settlement.    Resolution  of  these  uncertainties  in  a  manner 
inconsistent with management’s expectations could have a material impact on our results of operations.

Recently Adopted and Future Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the recent adoption of a new accounting pronouncements 
and the future adoption of new accounting pronouncements.

OTHER MATTERS

Customer Concentration

Ocwen

Revenue from Ocwen primarily consists of revenue earned from the loan portfolios serviced and subserviced by Ocwen when 
Ocwen  engages  us  as  the  service  provider,  and  revenue  earned  directly  from  Ocwen,  pursuant  to  the  Ocwen  Services 
Agreements.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  revenue  from  Ocwen  of  $63.2  million  and 
$63.5 million, respectively.  Revenue from Ocwen as a percentage of segment and consolidated revenue was as follows:

Servicer and Real Estate
Origination
Corporate and Others
Consolidated revenue

50

2023

2022

 55 %
 — %
 — %
 44 %

 53 %
 — %
 — %
 41 %

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We earn additional revenue related to the portfolios serviced and subserviced by Ocwen when a party other than Ocwen or the 
MSRs owner selects Altisource as the service provider.  For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $9.2 
million and $9.5 million, respectively, of such revenue.  These amounts are not included in deriving revenue from Ocwen and 
revenue from Ocwen as a percentage of revenue discussed above.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  accounts  receivable  from  Ocwen  totaled  $3.4  million,  $2.2  million  of  which  was  billed  and  $1.2 
million of which was unbilled.  As of December 31, 2022, accounts receivable from Ocwen totaled $4.0 million, $3.2 million of 
which was billed and $0.8 million of which was unbilled.

Rithm

Ocwen  has  disclosed  that  Rithm  is  a  significant  client  of  Ocwen’s.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  Ocwen  reported  that 
approximately 16% of loans serviced and subserviced by Ocwen (measured in UPB) and approximately 67% of all delinquent 
loans that Ocwen services were related to Rithm MSRs or rights to MSRs.

Rithm purchases brokerage services for REO exclusively from us, irrespective of the subservicer, subject to certain limitations, 
for certain MSRs set forth in and pursuant to the terms of a Cooperative Brokerage Agreement, as amended, and related letter 
agreement (collectively, the “Brokerage Agreement”) with terms extending through August 2025.

For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  revenue  from  Rithm  of  $2.8  million  and  $3.2  million, 
respectively,  under  the  Brokerage  Agreement.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  additional 
revenue of $12.6 million and $13.0 million, respectively, relating to the Subject MSRs when a party other than Rithm selects 
Altisource as the service provider.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market Risk

Our financial market risk consists primarily of interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate risk.

Interest Rate Risk

Under the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement, the initial interest rate charged on the SSTL is SOFR (as defined in the 
Amended  Credit  Agreement),  with  a  minimum  floor  of  1.00%,  plus  5.00%  paid  in  cash  plus  5.00%  PIK.    Based  on  par 
paydowns  of  $30  million  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  the  PIK  component  was  reduced  to  3.75%  and  may  be 
further reduced on a prospective basis based on the Aggregate Paydowns made prior to February 14, 2024.

Based on the principal amount outstanding and SOFR as of December 31, 2023, a one percentage point increase in SOFR above 
the minimum floor would increase our annual interest expense by approximately $2.2 million.  There would be a $2.2 million 
decrease in our annual interest expense if there was a one percentage point decrease in SOFR.

Currency Exchange Risk

We  are  exposed  to  currency  risk  from  potential  changes  in  currency  values  of  our  non-United  States  dollar  denominated 
expenses,  assets,  liabilities  and  cash  flows.    Our  most  significant  currency  exposure  relates  to  the  Indian  rupee.    Based  on 
expenses incurred in Indian rupees for the year ended December 31, 2023, a one percentage point increase or decrease in value 
of the Indian rupee in relation to the United States dollar would increase or decrease our annual expenses by approximately $0.1 
million.

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ITEM 8. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 49)

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

53

55

56

57

58

59

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. and its subsidiaries (the 
Company) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, equity 
(deficit), and cash flows for the years then ended and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements (collectively, the 
financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the 
Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Emphasis of a Matter 

As discussed in Notes 3, 14, and 22 to the financial statements, the Company has a concentration of revenue associated with its 
largest  customer,  Ocwen  Financial  Corporation  (together  with  its  subsidiaries,  Ocwen).  The  Company  has  disclosed  various 
uncertainties associated with Ocwen.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company 
Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB)  and  are  required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in 
accordance  with  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error  or  fraud.  The  Company  is  not  required  to  have,  nor  were  we  engaged  to  perform,  an  audit  of  its  internal  control  over 
financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting 
but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due 
to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, 
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that 
was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that 
are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective  or  complex  judgments.  The 
communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and 
we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the 
accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Accounting for Income Taxes

As described in Notes 2 and 20 to the financial statements, the Company is subject to income taxes in the United States and a 
number of foreign jurisdictions. Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective 
governmental taxing authorities. Significant judgment is required in determining tax expense and in evaluating tax positions, 
including evaluating uncertainties. The Company recorded $5.0 million of net deferred tax assets, $9.0 million of net deferred 
tax liabilities, and $18.1 million of total unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, as of December 31, 2023. 
The Company also recorded a $3.7 million income tax provision for the year ending December 31, 2023. 

We identified the accounting for income taxes as a critical audit matter because of the specialized expertise and high degree of 
auditor judgment required in auditing the income tax provision due to the Company’s presence in foreign jurisdictions, transfer 
pricing determinations, and evaluating the reasonableness of uncertain tax positions. 

Our audit procedures related to the Company’s accounting for income taxes included the following, among others:

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• We  tested  components  of  the  income  tax  provision  for  significant  jurisdictions,  including  evaluating  permanent  and 

temporary differences between book and tax reporting balances, and tested the application of statutory tax rates;

• With the assistance of our tax professionals, including international tax professionals, we:  

–

–

–

Evaluated  the  reasonableness  of  management’s  estimates  by  considering  the  application  of  foreign  tax 
jurisdiction laws and regulations;

Evaluated  the  transfer  pricing  analyses  provided  by  the  Company  and  tested  certain  transfer  pricing 
computations;

Evaluated  the  completeness  of  uncertain  tax  positions  and  the  reasonableness  of  the  outcomes  and 
measurements.

/s/ RSM US LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.

Jacksonville, Florida
March 7, 2024

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except per share data)

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,123 and $4,363, respectively
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

$ 

ASSETS

Total current assets

Premises and equipment, net
Right-of-use assets under operating leases
Goodwill
Intangible assets, net
Deferred tax assets, net
Other assets

December 31,

2023

2022

32,522  $ 
11,682 
11,336 
55,540 

1,709 
3,379 
55,960 
26,548 
4,992 
6,730 

51,025 
12,989 
23,544 
87,558 

4,222 
5,321 
55,960 
31,730 
5,048 
5,429 

Total assets

$ 

154,858  $ 

195,268 

LIABILITIES AND DEFICIT

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred revenue
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt
Deferred tax liabilities, net
Other non-current liabilities

Commitments, contingencies and regulatory matters (Note 22)

Deficit:

Common stock ($1.00 par value; 100,000 shares authorized, 29,963 issued and 26,496 outstanding 
as of December 31, 2023; 25,413 issued and 16,129 outstanding as of December 31, 2022)

Additional paid-in capital
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings
Treasury stock, at cost (3,467 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 9,284 shares as of December 31, 

2022)

Altisource deficit

Non-controlling interests

Total deficit

Total liabilities and deficit

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

$ 

30,088  $ 
3,195 
2,477 
35,760 

215,615 
9,028 
19,510 

33,507 
3,711 
2,867 
40,085 

245,493 
9,028 
19,536 

29,963 
177,278 
(180,162) 

(152,749) 
(125,670) 

615 
(125,055) 

25,413 
149,348 
118,948 

(413,358) 
(119,649) 

775 
(118,874) 

$ 

154,858  $ 

195,268 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands, except per share data)

Revenue
Cost of revenue

Gross profit
Operating expense (income):

Selling, general and administrative expenses
Loss on sale of business

Loss from operations
Other income (expense), net:

Interest expense
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Debt amendment costs
Other income (expense), net

Total other income (expense), net

Loss before income taxes and non-controlling interests
Income tax provision

Net loss
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

Net loss attributable to Altisource

Loss per share:

Basic
Diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

Comprehensive loss:

Comprehensive loss, net of tax
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests

For the years ended December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

145,066  $ 
115,414 

153,120 
131,305 

29,652 

21,815 

46,420 
— 

54,755 
242 

(16,768) 

(33,182) 

(36,103) 
1,145 
(3,410) 
2,788 
(35,580) 

(52,348) 
(3,714) 

(56,062) 
(228) 

(16,639) 
— 
— 
2,254 
(14,385) 

(47,567) 
(5,266) 

(52,833) 
(585) 

$ 

$ 
$ 

(56,290)  $ 

(53,418) 

(2.51)  $ 
(2.51)  $ 

(3.32) 
(3.32) 

22,418 
22,418 

16,070 
16,070 

(56,062) 
(228) 

(52,833) 
(585) 

Comprehensive loss attributable to Altisource

$ 

(56,290)  $ 

(53,418) 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit)
(in thousands)

Altisource Deficit

Additional 
paid-in 
capital

(Accumulated 
deficit) 
retained 
earnings

Treasury 
stock, at 
cost

Non-
controllin
g interests

Total

Common stock

Shares

Balance, January 1, 2022

25,413  $  25,413  $  144,298  $ 

186,592  $ (426,445)  $  1,272  $  (68,870) 

Net loss
Distributions to non-controlling interest 

holders

Share-based compensation expense
Issuance of restricted share units and restricted 

shares 

Treasury shares withheld for the payment of 
tax on restricted share unit and restricted 
share issuances

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
5,050 

— 

— 

— 

(53,418) 

— 

— 
— 

585 

(52,833) 

(1,082) 
— 

(1,082) 
5,050 

— 
— 

(9,747) 

9,747 

— 

— 

(4,479) 

3,340 

— 

(1,139) 

Balance, December 31, 2022

25,413 

25,413 

  149,348 

118,948 

  (413,358) 

775 

  (118,874) 

Net loss
Distributions to non-controlling interest 

holders

Reclassification of warrant liability to equity
Share-based compensation expense
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance 

costs

Sale of treasury stock, net of transaction costs
Issuance of restricted share units and restricted 

shares

Treasury shares withheld for the payment of 
tax on restricted share unit and restricted 
share issuances

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

(56,290) 

— 
6,951 
5,068 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

4,550 
— 

4,550 
— 

15,911 
— 

— 
(228,322) 

— 
  246,643 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(10,071) 

10,071 

— 

(4,427) 

3,895 

228 

(56,062) 

(388) 
— 
— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

(388) 
6,951 
5,068 

20,461 
18,321 

— 

(532) 

Balance, December 31, 2023

29,963  $  29,963  $  177,278  $ 

(180,162)  $ (152,749)  $ 

615  $ (125,055) 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of right-of-use assets under operating leases
Amortization of intangible assets
PIK accrual
Share-based compensation expense
Bad debt expense
Amortization of debt discount
Amortization of debt issuance costs
Deferred income taxes
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
Loss on sale of business
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Current and non-current operating lease liabilities
Other current and non-current liabilities

Net cash used in operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Additions to premises and equipment
Proceeds from the sale of business
Other investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs 
Proceeds from sale of treasury stock, net of transaction costs
Debt issuance and amendment costs
Repayments of long-term debt
Distributions to non-controlling interests
Payments of tax withholding on issuance of restricted share units and restricted shares

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period

Supplemental cash flow information:

Interest paid
Income taxes (refunded) paid, net
Acquisition of right-of-use assets with operating lease liabilities
Reduction of right-of-use assets from operating lease modifications or reassessments

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

Net decrease in payables for purchases of premises and equipment
Warrants issued in connection with Amended Credit Agreement 

For the years ended December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

(56,062)  $ 

(52,833) 

2,392 
1,771 
5,182 
6,881 
5,068 
858 
3,777 
2,446 
45 
121 
— 
(1,145) 

449 
12,231 
(1,667) 
(3,419) 
(1,777) 
1,016 
(21,833) 

— 
— 
— 
— 

20,461 
18,321 
(4,886) 
(30,000) 
(388) 
(532) 
2,976 

(18,857) 
54,273 

3,440 
2,730 
5,129 
— 
5,050 
885 
661 
932 
1,098 
10 
242 
— 

4,134 
(1,922) 
341 
(12,964) 
(2,911) 
1,090 
(44,888) 

(863) 
346 
(250) 
(767) 

— 
— 
— 
— 
(1,082) 
(1,139) 
(2,221) 

(47,876) 
102,149 

$ 

$ 

$ 

35,416  $ 

54,273 

22,876  $ 
(3,775) 
500 
(671) 

—  $ 

8,096 

14,962 
3,299 
920 
(463) 

(64) 
— 

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets 
and the consolidated statements of cash flows as of December 31:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the statements of cash flows

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

32,522  $ 
2,894 
35,416  $ 

51,025 
3,248 
54,273 

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION

Description of Business

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A., together with its subsidiaries (which may be referred to as “Altisource,” the “Company,” 
“we,” “us” or “our”), is an integrated service provider and marketplace for the real estate and mortgage industries.  Combining 
operational  excellence  with  a  suite  of  innovative  services  and  technologies,  Altisource  helps  solve  the  demands  of  the  ever-
changing markets we serve.

NOTE 2 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Accounting and Presentation

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America (“GAAP”).  Intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.  Certain amounts 
disclosed in prior period statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Principles of Consolidation

The financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and those entities in which we 
have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary.

Altisource consolidates Best Partners Mortgage Cooperative, Inc., which is managed by The Mortgage Partnership of America, 
L.L.C.  (“MPA”),  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  Altisource.    Best  Partners  Mortgage  Cooperative,  Inc.  is  a  mortgage 
cooperative doing business as Lenders One® (“Lenders One”).  MPA provides services to Lenders One under a management 
agreement that ends on December 31, 2025 (with renewals for three successive five-year periods at MPA’s option).

The management agreement between MPA and Lenders One, pursuant to which MPA is the management company, represents 
a variable interest in a variable interest entity.  MPA is the primary beneficiary of Lenders One as it has the power to direct the 
activities  that  most  significantly  impact  the  cooperative’s  economic  performance  and  the  right  to  receive  benefits  from  the 
cooperative.  As a result, Lenders One is presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements on a consolidated 
basis and the interests of the members are reflected as non-controlling interests.  As of December 31, 2023, Lenders One had 
total assets of $0.4 million and total liabilities of $0.6 million.  As of December 31, 2022, Lenders One had total assets of $1.2 
million and total liabilities of $1.1 million.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires estimates and assumptions that affect the reported 
amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities,  revenue  and  expenses  and  related  disclosures  of  contingent  liabilities  in  the  consolidated 
financial  statements  and  accompanying  notes.    Estimates  are  used  for,  but  not  limited  to,  determining  share-based 
compensation, income taxes, collectability of receivables, valuation of acquired intangibles and goodwill, depreciable lives and 
valuation of fixed assets and contingencies.  Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We  classify  all  highly  liquid  instruments  with  an  original  maturity  of  three  months  or  less  at  the  time  of  purchase  as  cash 
equivalents.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for expected credit losses.  We monitor and estimate the allowance for 
credit losses based on our historical write-offs, historical collections, our analysis of past due accounts based on the contractual 
terms of the receivables, relevant market and industry reports and our assessment of the economic status of our customers, if 
known.  The carrying value of accounts receivable, net, approximates fair value.

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Premises and Equipment, Net

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

We report premises and equipment, net at cost or estimated fair value at acquisition for premises and equipment recorded in 
connection  with  a  business  combination  and  depreciate  these  assets  over  their  estimated  useful  lives  using  the  straight-line 
method as follows:

Furniture and fixtures
Office equipment
Computer hardware
Computer software
Leasehold improvements

5 years
5 years
3-5 years
3-7 years
Shorter of useful life, 10 years or the term of the lease

Maintenance  and  repair  costs  are  expensed  as  incurred.    We  capitalize  expenditures  for  significant  improvements  and  new 
equipment and depreciate the assets over the shorter of the capitalized asset’s life or the life of the lease.

We  review  premises  and  equipment  for  impairment  following  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  that  indicate  the  carrying 
amount  of  an  asset  or  asset  group  may  not  be  recoverable.    We  measure  recoverability  of  assets  to  be  held  and  used  by 
comparing the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated 
by  the  asset  or  asset  group.    If  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  asset  group  exceeds  its  estimated  future  cash  flows,  we 
recognize an impairment charge for the amount that the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds the fair value of the 
asset or asset group.

Computer  software  includes  the  fair  value  of  software  acquired  in  business  combinations,  capitalized  software  development 
costs and purchased software.  Capitalized software development and purchased software are recorded at cost and amortized 
using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives.  Software acquired in business combinations is recorded at fair 
value and amortized using the straight-line method over its estimated useful life.

Business Combinations

We  account  for  acquisitions  using  the  purchase  method  of  accounting  in  accordance  with  Financial  Accounting  Standards 
Board  (“FASB”)  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  Topic  805,  Business  Combinations.    The  purchase  price  of  an 
acquisition is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed using their fair value as of the acquisition date.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination.  We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth 
quarter or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change in a manner that indicates the carrying value may not 
be  recoverable.    We  first  assess  qualitative  factors  to  determine  whether  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  fair  value  of  a 
reporting unit is less than its carrying value as a basis for determining whether we need to perform the quantitative goodwill 
impairment test.  Only if we determine, based on qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair 
value  is  less  than  its  carrying  value  will  we  calculate  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit.    We  would  then  test  goodwill  for 
impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount.  If the fair value is determined to be less 
than  its  carrying  amount,  we  recognize  an  impairment  charge  for  the  amount  by  which  the  carrying  amount  exceeds  the 
reporting  unit’s  fair  value;  however,  the  loss  recognized  should  not  exceed  the  total  amount  of  goodwill  allocated  to  that 
reporting  unit.    We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  using  discounted  cash  flows  and  market  comparisons.    The 
discounted cash flow method is based on the present value of projected cash flows.  Forecasts of future cash flows are based on 
our estimate of future sales and operating expenses, based primarily on estimated pricing, sales volumes, market segment share, 
cost trends and general economic conditions.  The estimated cash flows are discounted using a rate that represents our estimated 
weighted average cost of capital.  The market comparisons include an analysis of revenue and earnings multiples of guideline 
public companies compared to the Company.

Intangible Assets, Net

Identified intangible assets consist primarily of customer related intangible assets, operating agreements, trademarks and trade 
names and other intangible assets.  Identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations are recorded based on their 
fair values at the date of acquisition.  We determine the useful lives of our identifiable intangible assets after considering the 
specific facts and circumstances related to each intangible asset.  Factors we consider when determining useful lives include the 
contractual term of any arrangements, the history of the asset, our long-term strategy for use of the asset and other economic 
factors.    We  amortize  intangible  assets  that  we  deem  to  have  definite  lives  in  proportion  to  actual  and  expected  customer 
revenues or on a straight-line basis over their useful lives, generally ranging from 4 to 20 years.

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

We perform tests for impairment if conditions exist that indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable.  When facts and 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  value  of  intangible  assets  determined  to  have  definite  lives  may  not  be  recoverable, 
management assesses the recoverability of the carrying value by preparing estimates of cash flows of discrete intangible assets 
generally consistent with models utilized for internal planning purposes.  If the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash 
flows is less than the carrying value, we recognize an impairment to the extent the carrying amount exceeds fair value.

Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt is reported net of applicable discount or premium and net of debt issuance costs.  The debt discount or premium 
and  debt  issuance  costs  are  amortized  to  interest  expense  through  maturity  of  the  related  debt  using  the  effective  interest 
method.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in 
an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.    The  three-tier  hierarchy  for  inputs  used  in 
measuring fair value, which prioritizes the inputs used in the methodologies of measuring fair value for assets and liabilities, is 
as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities
Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of 

assets or liabilities.

Financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  are  classified  based  on  the  lowest  level  of  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value 
measurements.  Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurements requires judgment and 
may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and their placement within the fair value hierarchy.

Functional Currency

The  currency  of  the  primary  economic  environment  in  which  our  operations  are  conducted  is  the  United  States  dollar.  
Therefore, the United States dollar has been determined to be our functional and reporting currency.  Non-United States dollar 
transactions and balances have been measured in United States dollars in accordance with ASC Topic 830, Foreign Currency 
Matters.  All transaction gains and losses from the measurement of monetary balance sheet items denominated in non-United 
States dollar currencies are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income as income or 
expenses, as appropriate.

Defined Contribution 401(k) Plan

Some  of  our  employees  participate  in  a  defined  contribution  401(k)  plan  under  which  we  may  make  matching  contributions 
equal  to  a  discretionary  percentage  determined  by  us.    We  recorded  expenses  of  $0.2  million  and  $0.2  million  for  the  years 
ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, related to our discretionary contributions.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service to a customer in 
an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive.  This revenue can be recognized at a point in time or over 
time.  We invoice customers based on our contractual arrangements with each customer, which may not be consistent with the 
period that revenues are recognized.  When there is a timing difference between when we invoice customers and when revenues 
are recognized, we record either a contract asset (unbilled accounts receivable) or a contract liability (deferred revenue or other 
current liabilities), as appropriate.  A description of our principal revenue generating activities are as follows:

Servicer and Real Estate

•

•

•

For property preservation and inspection services and payment management technologies, we recognize transactional 
revenue when the service is provided.
For  vendor  management  transactions,  we  recognize  revenue  over  the  period  during  which  we  perform  the  services.  
We use judgment to determine the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services
For loan disbursement review services, we recognize revenue over the period during which we perform the processing 
services with full recognition upon completion of the disbursements.  

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

•

•

•

•

•

For foreclosure trustee services, we recognize revenue over the period during which we perform the related services, 
with full recognition upon completion and/or recording the related foreclosure deed.  We use judgment to determine 
the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services.

For the real estate auction platform, real estate auction and real estate brokerage services, we recognize revenue on a 
net basis (i.e., the commission on the sale) at the closing of the sale of the REO as we perform services as an agent 
without  assuming  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  the  asset  and  the  commission  earned  on  the  sale  is  a  fixed 
percentage or amount.

For SaaS based technology to manage REO, we recognize revenue over the estimated average number of months the 
REO are on the platform or ratably over the contract period.  We generally recognize revenue for professional services 
as services are provided.  We use judgment to determine the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of 
these services

For  loan  servicing  technologies,  we  generally  recognize  revenue  based  on  the  number  of  loans  on  the  system.    We 
generally recognized revenue from professional services as services are provided.  We use judgment to determine the 
period over which we recognize revenue for certain of these services

Reimbursable expenses revenue related to property preservation and inspection services, real estate sales title services 
and  foreclosure  trustee  services  is  included  in  revenue  with  an  equal  amount  recognized  in  cost  of  revenue.    These 
amounts are recognized on a gross basis, principally because generally we have control over selection of vendors and 
the vendor relationships are with us, rather than with our customers.

Origination

•

•

For  the  majority  of  the  services  we  provide,  we  recognize  transactional  revenue  when  the  service  is  provided.    We 
recognize membership fees from Lender One members ratably over the term of membership.

For vendor management oversight software-as-a-service (“SaaS”), we recognize revenue over the period during which 
we perform the services.  We use judgment to determine the period over which we recognize revenue for certain of 
these services

Share-Based Compensation

Share-based  compensation  is  accounted  for  under  the  provisions  of  ASC  Topic  718,  Compensation  -  Stock  Compensation 
(“ASC Topic 718”).  Under ASC Topic 718, the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments is 
generally measured based on the grant date fair value of the award.  Share-based awards that do not require future service are 
expensed  immediately.    Share-based  awards  that  require  future  service  are  recognized  over  the  relevant  service  period.    The 
Company has made an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures in compensation expense as they occur.

Income Taxes

We record income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC Topic 740”).  We account for certain income 
and  expense  items  differently  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  income  tax  purposes.    We  recognize  deferred  income  tax 
assets and liabilities for these differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities as 
well as expected benefits of utilizing net operating loss and credit carryforwards.  The most significant temporary differences 
relate  to  accrued  compensation,  interest  expense,  amortization,  loss  carryforwards  and  valuation  allowances.    We  measure 
deferred income tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which we 
anticipate recovery or settlement of those temporary differences.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in 
tax  rates  is  recognized  in  income  in  the  period  when  the  change  is  enacted.    Deferred  tax  assets  are  reduced  by  a  valuation 
allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective governmental taxing authorities.  
Significant judgment is required in determining tax expense and in evaluating tax positions including evaluating uncertainties 
under ASC Topic 740.  We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax 
position  will  be  sustained  on  examination  by  the  taxing  authorities  based  on  the  technical  merits  of  the  position.    The  tax 
benefits  recognized  in  the  financial  statements  from  such  positions  are  then  measured  based  on  the  largest  benefit  that  has  a 
greater  than  50%  likelihood  of  being  realized  upon  ultimate  settlement.    Resolution  of  these  uncertainties  in  a  manner 
inconsistent with management’s expectations could have a material impact on our results of operations.

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Earnings Per Share

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

We  compute  earnings  per  share  in  accordance  with  ASC  Topic  260,  Earnings  Per  Share.    Basic  net  income  per  share  is 
computed  by  dividing  net  income  attributable  to  Altisource  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  shares  of  common  stock 
outstanding  for  the  period.    Diluted  net  income  per  share  reflects  the  assumed  conversion  of  all  dilutive  securities  using  the 
treasury stock method.

Future Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncement

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-07,  Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to  Reportable  Segment 
Disclosures.  This standard updates reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about 
significant segment expenses that are part of an entity’s segment measure of profit or loss and regularly provided to the chief 
operating decision maker.  In addition, it adds or makes clarifications to other segment-related disclosures, such as clarifying 
that the disclosure requirements in ASC 280 are required for entities with a single reportable segment and that an entity may 
disclose  multiple  measures  of  segment  profit  and  loss.    This  standard  will  be  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  after 
December 15, 2023, and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024.  Early adoption of this standard is permitted.  
The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In  December  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-09,  Income  Taxes  (Topic  740):  Improvements  to  Income  Tax  Disclosures.   
This  standard  amends  the  Codification  to  enhance  the  transparency  and  decision  usefulness  of  income  tax  disclosures,  to 
provide  information  to  better  assess  how  an  entity’s  operations  and  related  tax  risks  and  tax  planning  and  operational 
opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows.  This standard will be effective for annual periods beginning 
after December 15, 2024.  Early adoption of this standard is permitted.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact this 
guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3 — CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION

Ocwen

Ocwen  Financial  Corporation  (together  with  its  subsidiaries,  “Ocwen”)  is  a  residential  mortgage  loan  servicer  of  mortgage 
servicing rights (“MSRs”) it owns, including those MSRs in which others have an economic interest, and a subservicer of loans 
owned by others.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, Ocwen was our largest customer, accounting for 44% of our total revenue.  Ocwen 
purchases certain mortgage services from us under the terms of services agreements and amendments thereto (collectively, the 
“Ocwen  Services  Agreements”)  with  terms  extending  through  August  2030.    Certain  of  the  Ocwen  Services  Agreements 
contain a “most favored nation” provision and also grant the parties the right to renegotiate pricing, among other things.

Revenue from Ocwen primarily consists of revenue earned from the loan portfolios serviced and subserviced by Ocwen when 
Ocwen  engages  us  as  the  service  provider,  and  revenue  earned  directly  from  Ocwen,  pursuant  to  the  Ocwen  Services 
Agreements.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  revenue  from  Ocwen  of  $63.2  million  and 
$63.5 million, respectively.  Revenue from Ocwen as a percentage of segment and consolidated revenue was as follows for the 
years ended December 31:

Servicer and Real Estate
Origination
Corporate and Others
Consolidated revenue

2023

2022

 55 %
 — %
 — %
 44 %

 53 %
 — %
 — %
 41 %

We earn additional revenue related to the portfolios serviced and subserviced by Ocwen when a party other than Ocwen or the 
MSRs owner selects Altisource as the service provider.  For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $9.2 
million and $9.5 million, respectively, of such revenue.  These amounts are not included in deriving revenue from Ocwen and 
revenue from Ocwen as a percentage of revenue discussed above.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  accounts  receivable  from  Ocwen  totaled  $3.4  million,  $2.2  million  of  which  was  billed  and  $1.2 
million of which was unbilled.  As of December 31, 2022, accounts receivable from Ocwen totaled $4.0 million, $3.2 million of 
which was billed and $0.8 million of which was unbilled.

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Rithm

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Rithm Capital Corp. (individually, together with one or more of its subsidiaries or one or more of its subsidiaries individually, 
“Rithm”)  (formerly  New  Residential  Investment  Corp.)  is  an  asset  manager  focused  on  the  real  estate  and  financial  services 
industries.

Ocwen  has  disclosed  that  Rithm  is  a  significant  client  of  Ocwen’s.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  Ocwen  reported  that 
approximately  16%  of  loans  serviced  and  subserviced  by  Ocwen  (measured  in  unpaid  principal  balance  (“UPB”))  and 
approximately 67% of all delinquent loans that Ocwen services were related to Rithm MSRs or rights to MSRs (the “Subject 
MSRs”).

Rithm purchases brokerage services for real estate owned (“REO”) exclusively from us, irrespective of the subservicer, subject 
to  certain  limitations,  for  certain  MSRs  set  forth  in  and  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  a  Cooperative  Brokerage  Agreement,  as 
amended, and related letter agreement (collectively, the “Brokerage Agreement”) with terms extending through August 2025.

For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  revenue  from  Rithm  of  $2.8  million  and  $3.2  million, 
respectively,  under  the  Brokerage  Agreement.    For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  we  recognized  additional 
revenue of $12.6 million and $13.0 million, respectively, relating to the Subject MSRs when a party other than Rithm selects 
Altisource as the service provider.

NOTE 4 — ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

Accounts receivable, net consists of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Billed
Unbilled

Less: Allowance for credit losses

Total

2023

2022

$ 

9,826  $ 
4,979 
14,805 
(3,123) 

11,993 
5,359 
17,352 
(4,363) 

$ 

11,682  $ 

12,989 

Unbilled accounts receivable consist primarily of certain real estate asset management, REO sales, title and closing services for 
which we generally recognize revenue when the service is provided but collect upon closing of the sale, and foreclosure trustee 
services,  for  which  we  generally  recognize  revenues  over  the  service  delivery  period  but  bill  following  completion  of  the 
service.  We also include amounts in unbilled accounts receivable that are earned during a month and billed in the following 
month.

We  are  exposed  to  credit  losses  through  our  sales  of  products  and  services  to  our  customers  which  are  recorded  as  accounts 
receivable, net on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  We monitor and estimate the allowance for credit losses 
based on our historical write-offs, historical collections, our analysis of past due accounts based on the contractual terms of the 
receivables,  relevant  market  and  industry  reports  and  our  assessment  of  the  economic  status  of  our  customers,  if  known.  
Estimated credit losses are written off in the period in which the financial asset is determined to be no longer collectible.  There 
can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from estimates or that consideration of these factors in the future will not 
result in an increase or decrease to our allowance for credit losses.

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Changes in the allowance for expected credit losses consist of the following:

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(in thousands)

Allowance for expected credit losses:

Additions

Balance at 
Beginning of 
Period

Charged to 
Expenses

Charged to 
Other Accounts 
Note(1)

Deductions 
Note(2)

Balance at End 
of Period

Year ended December 31, 2023
Year ended December 31, 2022

$ 

4,363  $ 
5,297 

858  $ 
885 

—  $ 

(260) 

2,098  $ 
1,559 

3,123 
4,363 

______________________________________
(1)  Primarily includes amounts previously written off which were credited directly to this account when recovered.
(2)  Amounts written off as uncollectible or transferred to other accounts or utilized.

NOTE 5 — PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

2023

2022

Prepaid expenses
Income taxes receivable
Indemnity escrow receivable from Pointillist sale
Maintenance agreements, current portion
Surety bond collateral
Restricted cash
Other current assets

$ 

3,722  $ 
325 
3,201 
1,327 
— 
23 
2,738 

5,165 
7,031 
3,223 
1,498 
4,000 
— 
2,627 

Total

$ 

11,336  $ 

23,544 

NOTE 6 — PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Premises and equipment, net consists of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Computer hardware and software
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and fixtures
Office equipment and other

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

Total

2023

2022

$ 

46,519  $ 
1,011 
102 
17 
47,649 
(45,940) 

49,339 
5,794 
3,832 
346 
59,311 
(55,089) 

$ 

1,709  $ 

4,222 

Depreciation and amortization expense amounted to $2.4 million and $3.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 
2022, respectively, and is included in cost of revenue for operating assets and in selling, general and administrative expenses for 
non-operating assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

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Premises and equipment, net consist of the following by country as of December 31:

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(in thousands)

Luxembourg
India
United States
Uruguay

Total

NOTE 7 — RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS UNDER OPERATING LEASES, NET

Right-of-use assets under operating leases, net consists of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Right-of-use assets under operating leases

Less: Accumulated amortization

Total

2023

2022

$ 

1,131  $ 
492 
64 
22 

2,455 
1,129 
586 
52 

$ 

1,709  $ 

4,222 

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

7,242  $ 
(3,863) 

11,808 
(6,487) 

3,379  $ 

5,321 

Amortization  of  operating  leases  was  $1.8  million  and  $2.7  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022, 
respectively, and is included in cost of revenue for operating assets and in selling, general and administrative expenses for non-
operating assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

NOTE 8 — GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Goodwill

The following is a summary of goodwill by segment:

(in thousands)

Servicer and 
Real Estate

Origination

Corporate and 
Others

Total

Balance as of December 31, 2023 and 2022

$ 

30,681  $ 

25,279  $ 

—  $ 

55,960 

We determined that each reportable segment represents a reporting unit.  Goodwill was allocated to each reporting unit based 
on the relative fair value of each of our reporting units.

Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net consist of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Definite lived intangible assets:

Customer related intangible 

assets

Operating agreement
Trademarks and trade names

Weighted 
average 
estimated 
useful life 
(in years)

Gross carrying amount

Accumulated amortization

Net book value

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

9
20
16

$ 

214,307  $ 
35,000 
9,709 

214,307  $ 
35,000 
9,709 

(200,656)  $ 
(24,354) 
(7,458) 

(197,594)  $ 
(22,604) 
(7,088) 

13,651  $ 
10,646 
2,251 

16,713 
12,396 
2,621 

Total

$ 

259,016  $ 

259,016  $ 

(232,468)  $ 

(227,286)  $ 

26,548  $ 

31,730 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Amortization expense for definite lived intangible assets was $5.2 million and $5.1 million for the years ended December 31, 
2023 and 2022, respectively.  Forecasted annual definite lived intangible asset amortization expense for 2024 through 2028 is 
$5.1 million, $5.1 million, $4.9 million, $4.7 million and $4.4 million, respectively.

NOTE 9 — OTHER ASSETS

Other assets consist of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Restricted cash
Security deposits
Surety bond collateral
Other

Total

2023

2022

$ 

2,871  $ 
397 
2,000 
1,462 

3,248 
596 
— 
1,585 

$ 

6,730  $ 

5,429 

NOTE 10 — ACCOUNTS PAYABLE, ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Accounts payable
Accrued expenses - general
Accrued salaries and benefits
Income taxes payable

Total

Other current liabilities consist of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Operating lease liabilities
Other

Total

NOTE 11 — LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Senior secured term loans

Less: Debt issuance and amendment costs, net
Less: Unamortized discount, net

Net Senior secured term loans

Total Long-term debt

Senior Secured Term Loans

2023

2022

$ 

15,275  $ 
8,637 
5,048 
1,128 

14,981 
11,858 
5,501 
1,167 

$ 

30,088  $ 

33,507 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2023

2022

1,570  $ 
907 

2,097 
770 

2,477  $ 

2,867 

2023

2022

224,085  $ 
(3,318) 
(5,152) 
215,615 

247,204 
(878) 
(833) 
245,493 

$ 

215,615  $ 

245,493 

In  April  2018,  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Altisource  S.à  r.l.,  entered  into  a  credit 
agreement  with  Morgan  Stanley  Senior  Funding,  Inc.,  as  administrative  agent  and  collateral  agent,  and  certain  lenders  (the 
“Credit Agreement”).  Under the Credit Agreement, Altisource borrowed $412 million in the form of senior secured term loans 
(“SSTL”).  Effective February 14, 2023, Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. and Altisource S.à r.l. entered into Amendment No. 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

2  to  the  Credit  Agreement  (as  amended  by  Amendment  No.  2,  the  “Amended  Credit  Agreement”).    Altisource  Portfolio 
Solutions S.A. and its subsidiaries, subject to the applicable exclusions in the Amended Credit Agreement, are guarantors on the 
SSTL (collectively, the “Guarantors”).  Effective June 1, 2023, the administrative agent and collateral agent of the Amended 
Credit Agreement changed to Wilmington Trust, N.A.

The  maturity  date  of  the  SSTL  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement  is  April  30,  2025.    If  the  aggregate  amount  of  par 
paydowns  on  the  SSTL  made  prior  to  February  14,  2024  using  proceeds  from  issuances  of  equity  interests  or  from  junior 
indebtedness  (“Aggregate  Paydowns”)  are  equal  to  or  greater  than  $30  million,  then  the  maturity  date  of  the  SSTL  may  be 
extended  at  the  Company’s  option  to  April  30,  2026.    Such  extension  is  conditioned  upon  the  Company’s  payment  of  a  2% 
payment-in-kind  extension  fee  on  or  before  April  30,  2025  and  subject  to  the  representations  and  warranties  being  true  and 
correct as of such date and there being no default or event of default being in existence as of such date.  During 2023, Company 
made $30 million of Aggregate Paydowns.

All amounts outstanding under the SSTL will become due on the earlier of (i) the maturity date, and (ii) the date on which the 
loans are declared to be due and owing by the administrative agent at the request (or with the consent) of the Required Lenders 
(as  defined  in  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement;  other  capitalized  terms,  unless  defined  herein,  are  defined  in  the  Amended 
Credit Agreement) or as otherwise provided in the Amended Credit Agreement upon the occurrence of any event of default.  
There are no mandatory repayments of the SSTL, except as set forth herein, until the April 30, 2025 maturity when the balance 
is  due.    If  the  maturity  date  is  extended  to  April  30,  2026,  the  Company  is  required  to  make  mandatory  repayments  of  $5.2 
million in the first quarter of 2026 with the remaining balance due at the April 2026 maturity.

In addition to the scheduled principal payments, subject to certain exceptions, the SSTL is subject to mandatory prepayment 
upon issuances of debt, certain casualty and condemnation events and sales of assets, as well as 50% of Consolidated Excess 
Cash Flow, as calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Amended Credit Agreement.

Altisource may incur incremental indebtedness under the Amended Credit Agreement from one or more incremental lenders, 
which may include existing lenders, in an aggregate incremental principal amount not to exceed $50 million, subject to certain 
conditions  set  forth  in  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement.    The  lenders  have  no  obligation  to  provide  any  incremental 
indebtedness.

Through March 29, 2023, the SSTL’s interest rate was the Adjusted Eurodollar Rate plus 4.00%.  Beginning March 30, 2023, 
the SSTL bears interest at rates based upon, at our option, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or the Base Rate, 
as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement.  If the Company selects SOFR, the term loans initially bear interest at a rate per 
annum equal to SOFR plus 5.00% payable in cash plus 5.00% payable in kind (“PIK”).  If the Company selects Base Rate, the 
loans initially bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus 4.00% payable in cash plus 5.00% PIK.  Base Rate 
term loans bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (x) the Base Rate and (y) 2.00% plus (ii) 
4.00%.  The PIK component of the interest rate is subject to adjustment based on the amount of Aggregate Paydowns as set 
forth in the table below.  The PIK component of the interest rate was 3.75% for the six months ended December 31, 2023 and 
4.50% for the three months ended June 30, 2023.  The interest rate as of December 31, 2023, including the PIK component, 
was 14.24%.

Aggregate Paydowns

Less than $20 million
$20 million+ but less than below
$30 million+ but less than below
$40 million+ but less than below
$45 million+ but less than below
$50 million+ but less than below
$55 million+ but less than below
$60 million+ but less than below
$65 million+ but less than below
$70 million+

PIK Component of 
Interest Rate
5.00%
4.50%
3.75%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
2.00%
1.00%
0.50%
0.00%

If, as of the end of any calendar quarter, (i) the amount of unencumbered cash and cash equivalents of Altisource S.à r.l. and 
its direct and indirect subsidiaries on a consolidated basis plus (ii) the undrawn commitment amount under the Revolver is, or 
is  forecast  as  of  the  end  of  the  immediately  subsequent  calendar  quarter  to  be,  less  than  $35  million,  then  up  to  2.00%  in 
interest otherwise payable in cash in the following quarter may be paid in kind at the Company’s election.

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

The payment of all amounts owing by Altisource under the Amended Credit Agreement is guaranteed by the Guarantors and is 
secured by a pledge of all equity interests of certain subsidiaries of Altisource, as well as a lien on substantially all of the assets 
of Altisource S.à r.l. and the Guarantors, subject to certain exceptions.

The  Amended  Credit  Agreement  includes  covenants  that  restrict  or  limit,  among  other  things,  our  ability,  subject  to  certain 
exceptions  and  baskets,  to  incur  indebtedness;  incur  liens  on  our  assets;  sell,  transfer  or  dispose  of  assets;  make  Restricted 
Junior Payments including share repurchases, dividends and repayment of junior indebtedness; make investments; dispose of 
equity interests of any Material Subsidiaries; engage in a line of business substantially different than existing businesses and 
businesses reasonably related, complimentary or ancillary thereto; amend material debt agreements or other material contracts; 
engage  in  certain  transactions  with  affiliates;  enter  into  sale/leaseback  transactions;  grant  negative  pledges  or  agree  to  such 
other restrictions relating to subsidiary dividends and distributions; make changes to our fiscal year; and engage in mergers and 
consolidations.

The Amended Credit Agreement contains certain events of default including (i) failure to pay principal when due or interest or 
any other amount owing on any other obligation under the Amended Credit Agreement within five days of becoming due, (ii) 
material  incorrectness  of  representations  and  warranties  when  made,  (iii)  breach  of  certain  other  covenants,  subject  to  cure 
periods described in the Amended Credit Agreement, (iv) failure to pay principal or interest on any other debt that equals or 
exceeds $5 million when due, (v) default on any other debt that equals or exceeds $5 million that causes, or gives the holder or 
holders of such debt the ability to cause, an acceleration of such debt, (vi) occurrence of a Change of Control, (vii) bankruptcy 
and  insolvency  events,  (viii)  entry  by  a  court  of  one  or  more  judgments  against  us  in  an  aggregate  amount  in  excess  of  $10 
million that remain unbonded, undischarged or unstayed for a certain number of days after the entry thereof, (ix) the occurrence 
of certain ERISA events, (x) the failure of certain Loan Documents to be in full force and effect and (xi) failure to comply in 
any material respects with the terms of the Warrants or the Warrant Purchase Agreement.  If any event of default occurs and is 
not cured within applicable grace periods set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement or waived, all loans and other obligations 
could become due and immediately payable and the facility could be terminated.

The  lenders  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement  received  Warrants  to  purchase  shares  of  Altisource  common  stock.    The 
number  of  Warrant  Shares  is  subject  to  reduction  based  on  the  amount  of  Aggregate  Paydowns  (see  Note  12  for  additional 
information).  The fair value of the Warrants on February 14, 2023 was $8.1 million and was recorded as an increase in debt 
discount.  

In  connection  with  Amendment  No.  2,  the  Company  paid  $4.9  million  to  the  lenders  and  to  third  parties  on  behalf  of  the 
lenders.    The  $4.9  million  payment  was  recorded  as  an  increase  in  debt  issuance  and  amendment  costs.    In  connection  with 
Amendment  No.  2,  the  Company  paid  $3.4  million  to  advisors  and  recorded  these  payments  as  other  expense  in  the 
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Deer Park Road Management Company, LP (“Deer Park”), a related party, owns approximately 16% and 24% of Altisource’s 
common  stock  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively,  and  $40.6  million  of  Altisource  debt  under  the  Amended 
Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2023 (no comparative amount as of December 31, 2022).  Deer Park’s Chief Investment 
Officer and managing partner was a member of Altisource’s Board of Directors until his resignation on March 1, 2022.  The 
replacement  director  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Directors  and  subsequently  elected  by  shareholders  is  a  current  employee  of 
Deer Park.  In connection with the Amended Credit Agreement, Deer Park received 292 thousand Warrants.  During the year 
ended December 31, 2023, Deer Park received interest of $4.1 million from the Altisource SSTL (no comparative amount for 
the year ended December 31, 2022).

As  of  December  31,  2023,  debt  issuance  and  amendment  costs  were  $3.3  million,  net  of  $6.1  million  of  accumulated 
amortization.    As  of  December  31,  2022,  debt  issuance  costs  were  $0.9  million,  net  of  $3.6  million  of  accumulated 
amortization.

Interest expense on the SSTL, including amortization of debt issuance costs and the net debt discount, totaled $32.6 million and 
$16.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

As of December 31, 2023, maturities of our long-term debt are as follows:

(in thousands)

2024
2025

Maturities

$ 

$ 

— 
224,085 

224,085 

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Revolver

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

On June 22, 2021 Altisource S.à r.l, a subsidiary of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A., entered into a revolving credit facility 
with STS Master Fund, Ltd. (“STS”) (the “Revolver”).  STS is an investment fund managed by Deer Park.

The  Revolver  was  amended  effective  February  14,  2023  (the  “Amended  Revolver”).    Under  the  terms  of  the  Amended 
Revolver,  STS  will  make  loans  to  Altisource  from  time  to  time,  in  amounts  requested  by  Altisource  and  Altisource  may 
voluntarily  prepay  all  or  any  portion  of  the  outstanding  loans  at  any  time.    The  Amended  Revolver  provides  Altisource  the 
ability to borrow a maximum amount of $15.0 million.  Amounts that are repaid may be re-borrowed in accordance with the 
limitations set forth below.

The  maturity  date  of  the  Amended  Revolver  coincides  with  the  maturity  date  of  the  SSTL  under  the  Amended  Credit 
Agreement, as it may be extended.  The outstanding balance on the Amended Revolver is due and payable on such maturity 
date.

Borrowings under the Amended Revolver bear interest of 10.00% per annum in cash and 3.00% per annum PIK and are payable 
quarterly on the last business day of each March, June, September and December.  In connection with the Amended Revolver, 
Altisource  is  required  to  pay  a  usage  fee  equal  to  $0.75  million  at  the  initial  extension  of  credit  pursuant  to  the  Amended 
Revolver.

Altisource’s obligations under the Amended Revolver are secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the 
Company, which lien will be pari passu with liens securing the SSTL under the Amended Credit Agreement.

The  Amended  Revolver  contains  additional  representations,  warranties,  covenants,  terms  and  conditions  customary  for 
transactions  of  this  type,  that  restrict  or  limit,  among  other  things,  our  ability  to  use  the  proceeds  of  credit  only  for  general 
corporate purposes.

The Amended Revolver contains certain events of default including (i) failure to pay principal when due or interest or any other 
amount owing on any other obligation under the Amended Revolver within three business days of becoming due, (ii) failure to 
perform or observe any material provisions of the Amended Revolver Documents to be performed or complied with and such 
failure continues for a period of 30 days after written notice is given by the Lender to the Borrower, (iii) material incorrectness 
of representations and warranties when made, (iv) default on any other debt that equals or exceeds $40.0 million that causes, or 
gives the holder or holders of such debt the ability to cause, an acceleration of such debt, (v) entry by a court of one or more 
judgments against us in an aggregate amount in excess of $40.0 million that remain unbonded, undischarged or unstayed for a 
certain number of days after the entry thereof, (vi) occurrence of a Change of Control, (vii) bankruptcy and insolvency events.  
If any event of default occurs and is not cured within applicable grace periods set forth in the Amended Revolver or waived, all 
loans and other obligations could become due and immediately payable and the facility could be terminated.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no outstanding debt under the Amended Revolver and Revolver, respectively.  
As  of  December  31,  2023,  debt  issuance  costs  were  $0.2  million,  net  of  $0.4  million  of  accumulated  amortization.    As  of 
December  31,  2022,  debt  issuance  costs  were  $0.3  million,  net  of  $0.3  million  of  accumulated  amortization.    Debt  issuance 
costs for the Amended Revolver and Revolver are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

NOTE 12 — WARRANTS

On  February  14,  2023,  the  lenders  under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement  (see  Note  11  for  additional  information)  received 
warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase 3,223,851 shares of Altisource common stock (the “Warrant Shares”).  The number of 
Warrant Shares is subject to reduction based on the amount of Aggregate Paydowns as set forth in the table below.

Aggregate Paydowns
Less than $20 million
$20 million+ but less than below
$30 million+

Warrant Shares
3,223,851
2,578,743
1,612,705

During  2023,  the  Company  made  $30  million  of  Aggregate  Paydowns.    As  a  result,  the  number  of  Warrant  Shares  as  of 
December 31, 2023 is 1,612,705.

The exercise price per share of common stock under each Warrant is equal to $0.01.  The Warrants may be exercised at any 
time on and after February 14, 2024 and prior to their expiration date.  The Warrants are exercisable on a cashless basis and are 
subject to customary anti-dilution provisions.  The Warrants, if not previously exercised or terminated, will be automatically 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

exercised  on  May  22,  2027.    The  Warrants  are  subject  to  a  lock-up  agreement,  subject  to  customary  exceptions,  ending  on 
February 16, 2024.

The Warrants are free standing financial instruments that are legally detachable and separately exercisable from the term loans 
under the Amended Credit Agreement.  At inception, the Warrants were not considered to be indexed to the Company’s stock 
because  the  number  of  Warrant  Shares  varied  based  on  Aggregate  Paydowns.    Pursuant  to  ASC  815-40,  Derivatives  and 
Hedging–Contracts  in  Entity’s  Own  Equity,  the  outstanding  Warrants  were  recognized  as  a  warrant  liability  on  the  balance 
sheet based on their inception date fair value and subsequently re-measured at each reporting period with changes recorded as a 
component  of  other  income  (expense)  in  the  statement  of  operations.    On  September  18,  2023,  the  Company  reached  the 
$30  million  in  Aggregate  Paydowns  threshold  and  the  number  of  Warrant  Shares  was  no  longer  variable.    As  a  result,  the 
Warrants are considered to be indexed to the Company’s stock and the Warrant Liability was reclassified to equity.

The fair value of the warrant liability was based on the number of Warrant Shares that were expected to be exercisable on and 
after February 14, 2024 and the Altisource share price less $0.01 at the measurement date.

The fair value of the warrant liability at each of the respective valuation dates is summarized below:

 Warrant Liability

Warrant Shares based on 
Aggregate Paydowns

Expected Warrant Shares that will be 
exercisable on February 14, 2024

Fair Value per 
Warrant Share

Fair Value 
(in thousands)

Fair value at initial measurement date 

of February 14, 2023

Gain on change in fair value of warrant 

liability

3,223,851

1,612,705

Fair value at September 18, 2023

1,612,705

1,612,705

$5.02

$4.31

$ 

$ 

8,096 

(1,145) 
6,951 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  recorded  a  gain  on  changes  in  fair  value  of  warrant  liability  of 
$1.1 million.  During the  year ended December 31, 2022, there were no warrant liabilities outstanding.

NOTE 13 — OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Other non-current liabilities consist of the following as of December 31:

(in thousands)

Income tax liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Deferred revenue
Other non-current liabilities

Total

2023

2022

$ 

17,506  $ 
1,950 
9 
45 

16,079 
3,371 
82 
4 

$ 

19,510  $ 

19,536 

NOTE 14 — FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The  following  table  presents  the  carrying  amount  and  estimated  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  and  certain  liabilities 
measured at fair value as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.  The following fair values are estimated using market information 
and what the Company believes to be appropriate valuation methodologies under GAAP:

(in thousands)

Assets:

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Carrying 
amount

Fair value

Carrying 
amount

Fair value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Short-term receivable

$  32,522  $  32,522  $ 

2,894 
3,201 

2,894 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 

—  $  51,025  $  51,025  $ 
— 
3,201 

3,248 
3,223 

3,248 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 

— 
— 
3,223 

Liabilities:

Senior secured term loan

  224,085 

— 

  177,027 

— 

  247,204 

— 

  200,235 

— 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are carried at amounts that approximate their fair values due to the highly liquid 
nature of these instruments and are measured using Level 1 inputs.

The fair value of our SSTL is based on quoted market prices.  Based on the frequency of trading, we do not believe that there is 
an active market for our debt.  Therefore, the quoted prices are considered Level 2 inputs.

In connection with the sale of Pointillist on December 1, 2021, $3.5 million was deposited into an escrow account to satisfy 
certain indemnification claims that may arise on or prior to the first anniversary of the sale closing.  The deposit was recorded 
as a short-term receivable.  We measure short-term receivables without a stated interest rate based on the present value of the 
future payments. 

There were no transfers between different levels during the periods presented.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that subject us to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts 
receivable.  Our policy is to deposit our cash and cash equivalents with larger, highly rated financial institutions.  The Company 
derived  44%  of  its  revenue  from  Ocwen  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  (see  Note  3  for  additional  information  on 
Ocwen  revenues  and  accounts  receivable  balance).    The  Company  strives  to  mitigate  its  concentrations  of  credit  risk  with 
respect to accounts receivable by actively monitoring past due accounts and the economic status of larger customers, if known.

NOTE 15 — SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Common Stock

As  of  December  31,  2023,  we  had  100.0  million  shares  authorized,  30.0  million  issued  and  26.5  million  shares  of  common 
stock  outstanding.    As  of  December  31,  2022,  we  had  100.0  million  shares  authorized,  25.4  million  shares  issued  and  16.1 
million shares of common stock outstanding.  The holders of shares of Altisource common stock generally are entitled to one 
vote  for  each  share  on  all  matters  voted  on  by  shareholders,  and  the  holders  of  such  shares  generally  will  possess  all  voting 
power.

Equity Incentive Plan

Our  2009  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (the  “Plan”)  provides  for  various  types  of  equity  awards,  including  stock  options,  stock 
appreciation rights, stock purchase rights, restricted shares, restricted share units and other awards, or a combination of any of 
the above.  Under the Plan, we may grant up to 8.4 million Altisource share-based awards to officers, directors, employees and 
to employees of our affiliates.  As of December 31, 2023, 1.8 million share-based awards were available for future grant under 
the Plan.  Expired and forfeited awards are available for reissuance.

Share Repurchase Program

On May 16, 2023, our shareholders approved the renewal and amendment of the share repurchase program previously approved 
by  the  shareholders  on  May  15,  2018.    Under  the  program,  we  are  authorized  to  purchase  up  to  3.1  million  shares  of  our 
common stock, based on a limit of 15% of the outstanding shares of common stock on the date of approval, at a minimum price 
of  $1.00  per  share  and  a  maximum  price  of  $25.00  per  share,  for  a  period  of  five  years  from  the  date  of  approval.    As  of 
December  31,  2023,  approximately  3.1  million  shares  of  common  stock  remain  available  for  repurchase  under  the  program.  
There were no purchases of shares of common stock during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.  Luxembourg law 
limits  share  repurchases  to  the  balance  of  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  (unconsolidated  parent  company)  retained 
earnings, less the value of shares repurchased.  As of December 31, 2023, we can repurchase up to approximately $116 million 
of  our  common  stock  under  Luxembourg  law.    Under  the  Amended  Credit  Agreement,  we  are  not  permitted  to  repurchase 
shares except for limited circumstances.

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Public offerings of Common Stock

On February 14, 2023, Altisource closed on an underwritten public offering to sell 4,550,000 shares of its common stock, at a 
price of $5.00 per share, generating net proceeds of $20.5 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions 
and other offering expenses. 

On September 7, 2023, Altisource closed on an underwritten public offering to sell 5,590,277 shares of its common stock, at a 
price of $3.60 per share, generating net proceeds of $18.4 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions 
and other offering expenses. 

Share-Based Compensation

We  issue  share-based  awards  in  the  form  of  stock  options,  restricted  shares  and  restricted  share  units  for  certain  employees, 
officers and directors.  We recognized share-based compensation expense of $5.1 million and $5.1 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  As of December 31, 2023, estimated unrecognized compensation costs related to 
share-based  awards  amounted  to  $2.1  million,  which  we  expect  to  recognize  over  a  weighted  average  remaining  requisite 
service period of approximately 1.14 years.

Stock Options

Stock option grants are composed of a combination of service-based, market-based and performance-based options.

Service-Based  Options.    These  options  generally  vest  over  three  or  four  years  with  equal  annual  vesting  and  generally 
expire  on  the  earlier  of  ten  years  after  the  date  of  grant  or  following  termination  of  service.    A  total  of  182  thousand 
service-based options were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

Market-Based  Options.    These  option  grants  generally  have  two  components,  each  of  which  vests  only  upon  the 
achievement  of  certain  criteria.    The  first  component,  which  we  refer  to  as  “ordinary  performance”  grants,  generally 
consists of two-thirds of the market-based grant and begins to vest if the stock price is at least double the exercise price, as 
long as the stock price realizes a compounded annual gain of at least 20% over the exercise price.  The remaining third of 
the market-based options, which we refer to as “extraordinary performance” grants, generally begins to vest if the stock 
price is at least triple the exercise price, as long as the stock price realizes a compounded annual gain of at least 25% over 
the exercise price.  Market-based options generally vest in three or four year installments with the first installment vesting 
upon  the  achievement  of  the  criteria  and  the  remaining  installments  vesting  thereafter  in  equal  annual  installments.  
Market-based options generally expire on the earlier of ten years after the date of grant or following termination of service, 
unless the performance criteria is met prior to termination of service or in the final three years of the option term, in which 
case  vesting  will  generally  continue  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  award  agreement.    A  total  of  96  thousand 
market-based options were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

Performance-Based Options.  These option grants generally will vest if certain specific financial measures are achieved; 
typically  with  one-fourth  vesting  on  each  anniversary  of  the  grant  date.    The  award  of  performance-based  options  is 
adjusted  based  on  the  level  of  achievement  specified  in  the  award  agreements.    If  the  performance  criteria  achieved  is 
above  threshold  performance  levels,  participants  generally  have  the  opportunity  to  vest  in  50%  to  200%  of  the  option 
grants,  depending  upon  performance  achieved.    If  the  performance  criteria  achieved  is  below  a  certain  threshold,  the 
options  are  canceled.    The  options  generally  expire  on  the  earlier  of  ten  years  after  the  date  of  grant  or  following 
termination  of  service,  unless  the  performance  criteria  is  met  prior  to  termination  of  service  in  which  case  vesting  will 
generally  continue  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  award  agreement.    There  were  461  thousand  performance-
based options outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

There  were  no  stock  option  grants  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023.    The  Company  granted  120  thousand  stock 
options (at a weighted average exercise price of $11.86 per share) for the year ended December 31, 2022.

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

The fair values of the performance-based options are determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  The following 
assumptions were used to determine the fair values as of the grant date for the year ended December 31:

Risk-free interest rate (%)
Expected stock price volatility (%)
Expected dividend yield
Expected option life (in years)
Fair value

2022

Black-Scholes

1.62 - 4.20
67.75 - 67.99
— 
6
$7.27 - $7.63

We determined the expected option life of all service-based stock option grants using the simplified method, determined based 
on the graded vesting term plus the contractual term of the options, divided by two.  We use the simplified method because we 
believe that our historical data does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected option life.

The following table summarizes the grant date fair value of stock options that vested during the years ended December 31:

(in thousands, except per share data)

2023

2022

Weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted per share
Intrinsic value of options exercised
Grant date fair value of stock options that vested

$ 

$ 

—  $ 
— 
98  $ 

8.25 
— 
1,031 

The following table summarizes the activity related to our stock options:

Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
Granted
Forfeited

Outstanding as of December 31, 2023

Exercisable as of December 31, 2023

Number of 
options

Weighted 
average exercise 
price

Weighted 
average 
contractual term 
(in years)

Aggregate 
intrinsic value 
(in thousands)

745,277  $ 
— 
(6,088) 

739,189 

544,951 

27.03 
— 
25.26 

27.04 

25.24 

4.83

$ 

— 

3.84

3.26

— 

— 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2023:

Exercise price range (1)

Number

Options outstanding

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(in years)

Weighted 
average 
exercise price

Number

Options exercisable

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(in years)

Weighted 
average exercise 
price

$10.01 — $20.00
$20.01 — $30.00
$30.01 — $40.00
$80.01 — $90.00
$90.01 — $100.00

245,100 
410,610 
28,479 
25,000 
30,000 

739,189 

$ 

4.70
3.15
2.65
0.60
0.75

15.40 
24.83 
33.21 
86.69 
96.87 

129,187 
385,258 
16,756 
6,250 
7,500 

544,951 

$ 

1.73
3.16
2.65
0.60
0.75

18.35 
24.80 
33.61 
86.69 
96.87 

______________________________________
(1)  These options contain market-based and performance-based components as described above.

The following table summarizes the market prices necessary in order for the market-based options to begin to vest:

Vesting price

$50.01 — $60.00
$60.01 — $70.00
$80.01 — $90.00
$90.01 — $100.00
$170.01 — $180.00
Over $190.00

Total

Weighted average share price

Other Share-Based Awards

Market-based options

Ordinary 
performance

Extraordinary 
performance

7,581 
7,815 
— 
— 
12,500 
15,000 

4,162 
6,250 
3,791 
3,908 
— 
13,750 

42,896 

31,861 

$ 

69.98  $ 

53.85 

The Company’s other share-based and similar types of awards are comprised of restricted shares and restricted share units.  The 
restricted shares and restricted share units are comprised of a combination of service-based awards, performance-based awards, 
market-based awards and performance and market-based awards.

Service-Based Awards.  These awards generally vest over one-to-four year periods.  A total of 884 thousand service-based 
awards were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

Performance-Based  Awards.    These  awards  generally  vest  if  certain  specific  financial  measures  are  achieved;  generally 
one-third vests on each anniversary of the grant date or cliff-vest on the third anniversary of the grant date.  The number of 
performance-based  restricted  shares  and  restricted  share  units  that  may  vest  is  based  on  the  level  of  achievement  as 
specified in the award agreements.  If the performance criteria achieved is above certain financial performance levels and 
Altisource’s share performance is above certain established criteria, participants have the opportunity to vest in up to 150% 
of the restricted share unit award for certain awards.  If the performance criteria achieved is below certain thresholds, the 
award is canceled.  A total of 141 thousand performance-based awards were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

Market-Based Awards.  50% of these awards generally vest if certain specific market conditions are achieved over a 30-day 
period  and  the  remaining  50%  of  these  awards  generally  vest  on  the  one  year  anniversary  of  the  initial  vesting.    The 
Company  estimates  the  grant  date  fair  value  of  these  awards  using  a  lattice  (binomial)  model.    A  total  of  112  thousand 
market-based awards were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

Performance-Based  and  Market-Based  Awards.    These  awards  generally  vest  if  certain  specific  financial  measures  are 
achieved  and  if  certain  specific  market  conditions  are  achieved.    If  the  performance  criteria  achieved  is  above  certain 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

financial performance levels and Altisource’s share performance is above certain established criteria, participants have the 
opportunity to vest in up to 300% of the restricted share unit award for certain awards.  If the performance criteria or the 
market criteria is below certain thresholds, the award is canceled.  The Company estimates the grant date fair value of these 
awards using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  A total of 125 thousand performance-based and market-based awards were 
outstanding as of December 31, 2023.

The Company granted 891 thousand restricted share units (at a weighted average grant date fair value of $4.82 per share) during 
the year ended December 31, 2023.  These grants include 57 thousand performance-based awards and 57 thousand awards that 
include both a performance condition and a market condition.  The Company granted 501 thousand restricted share units (at a 
weighted average grant date fair value of $10.33 per share) during the year ended December 31, 2022.  These grants include 
46  thousand  performance-based  awards  and  46  thousand  awards  that  include  both  a  performance  condition  and  a  market 
condition.

The following table summarizes the activity related to our restricted shares and restricted share units:

Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
Granted
Issued
Forfeited / canceled

Outstanding as of December 31, 2023

Number of 
restricted shares 
and restricted 
share units

755,006 
890,810 
(227,182) 
(155,892) 

1,262,742 

The following assumptions were used to determine the fair values for the awards that include both a performance condition and 
a market condition for the years ended December 31:

Risk-free interest rate (%)
Expected stock price volatility (%)
Expected dividend yield
Expected life (in years)
Fair value

NOTE 16 — REVENUE

2023

2022

 4.18 
 62.13 
— 
3
$9.63 

 1.04 
 59.90 
— 
3
$— 

We  classify  revenue  in  three  categories:  service  revenue,  revenue  from  reimbursable  expenses  and  non-controlling  interests.  
Service  revenue  consists  of  amounts  attributable  to  our  fee-based  services.    Reimbursable  expenses  and  non-controlling 
interests are pass-through items for which we earn no margin.  Reimbursable expenses consist of amounts we incur on behalf of 
our  customers  in  performing  our  fee-based  services  that  we  pass  directly  on  to  our  customers  without  a  markup.    Non-
controlling interests represent the earnings of Lenders One, a consolidated entity that is a mortgage cooperative managed, but 
not owned, by Altisource.  The Lenders One members’ earnings are included in revenue and reduced from net income to arrive 
at net income attributable to Altisource (see Note 2).  Our services are provided to customers located in the United States.  The 
components of revenue were as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Service revenue
Reimbursable expenses
Non-controlling interests

Total

2023

2022

$ 

136,565  $ 
8,273 
228 

144,496 
8,039 
585 

$ 

145,066  $ 

153,120 

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Disaggregation of Revenue

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Disaggregation of total revenue by segment and major source was as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Servicer and Real Estate
Origination

Total revenue

(in thousands)

Servicer and Real Estate
Origination

Total revenue

2023

Revenue 
recognized when 
services are 
performed or 
assets are sold

Revenue related 
to technology 
platforms and 
professional 
services

Reimbursable 
expenses revenue

Total revenue

$ 

$ 

95,643  $ 
28,379 
124,022  $ 

12,136  $ 
635 
12,771  $ 

7,688  $ 
585 
8,273  $ 

115,467 
29,599 
145,066 

2022

Revenue 
recognized when 
services are 
performed or 
assets are sold

Revenue related 
to technology 
platforms and 
professional 
services

Reimbursable 
expenses revenue

Total revenue

$ 

$ 

100,477  $ 
32,223 

132,700  $ 

11,655  $ 
726 

12,381  $ 

7,529  $ 
510 

8,039  $ 

119,661 
33,459 

153,120 

Transactions with Related Parties

In May 2022, John G. Aldridge, Jr., the Managing Partner of Aldridge Pite LLP (“Aldridge Pite”), joined the Board of Directors 
of Altisource.  Aldridge Pite provides eviction and other real estate related services to the Company.  The Company recognized 
less than $0.1 million for both the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, of service revenue relating to services provided to 
Aldridge Pite.

Contract Balances

Our  contract  assets  consist  of  unbilled  accounts  receivable  (see  Note  4).    Our  contract  liabilities  consist  of  current  deferred 
revenue  and  other  non-current  liabilities  as  reported  on  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets.    Revenue  recognized 
that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the period was $3.5 million and $4.2 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

NOTE 17 — COST OF REVENUE

Cost  of  revenue  principally  includes  payroll  and  employee  benefits  associated  with  personnel  employed  in  customer  service, 
operations  and  technology  roles,  fees  paid  to  external  providers  related  to  the  provision  of  services,  reimbursable  expenses, 
technology and telecommunications costs as well as depreciation and amortization of operating assets.  The components of cost 
of revenue were as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Outside fees and services
Compensation and benefits
Technology and telecommunications
Reimbursable expenses
Depreciation and amortization

Total

2023

2022

$ 

55,858  $ 
35,396 
14,196 
8,273 
1,691 

55,979 
48,064 
16,937 
8,039 
2,286 

$ 

115,414  $ 

131,305 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Transactions with Related Parties

The  Company  recognized  $0.7  million  and  $0.5  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively  of 
reimbursable expenses relating to services provided to Aldridge Pite.  As of December 31, 2023, the Company had no payable 
to Aldridge Pite.

NOTE 18 — SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

Selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  include  payroll  and  employee  benefits  associated  with  personnel  employed  in 
executive, sales and marketing, finance, technology, law, compliance, human resources, vendor management, facilities and risk 
management roles.  This category also includes professional services fees, occupancy costs, marketing costs, depreciation and 
amortization of non-operating assets and other expenses.  The components of selling, general and administrative expenses were 
as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Compensation and benefits
Professional services
Amortization of intangible assets
Occupancy related costs
Marketing costs
Depreciation and amortization
Other

Total

NOTE 19 — OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET

Other income (expense), net consists of the following for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Interest income (expense)
Other, net

Total

NOTE 20 — INCOME TAXES

2023

2022

$ 

20,879  $ 
7,885 
5,182 
4,917 
1,977 
701 
4,879 

22,973 
11,595 
5,129 
5,000 
3,107 
1,154 
5,797 

$ 

46,420  $ 

54,755 

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

1,314  $ 
1,474 

665 
1,589 

2,788  $ 

2,254 

The  components  of  loss  before  income  taxes  and  non-controlling  interests  consist  of  the  following  for  the  years  ended 
December 31:

(in thousands)

Domestic - Luxembourg 
Foreign - U.S.
Foreign - non-U.S.

Total

2023

2022

$ 

(56,506)  $ 
(453) 
4,611 

(47,432) 
912 
(1,047) 

$ 

(52,348)  $ 

(47,567) 

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The income tax provision consists of the following for the years ended December 31:

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(in thousands)

Current:

Domestic - Luxembourg
Foreign - U.S. federal
Foreign - U.S. state
Foreign - non-U.S.

Deferred:

Domestic - Luxembourg
Foreign - U.S. federal
Foreign - U.S. state
Foreign - non-U.S.

Income tax provision

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

(1,014) 
(206) 
(2,449) 

(570) 
547 
497 
(4,642) 

(3,669)  $ 

(4,168) 

—  $ 
257 
(11) 
(291) 

— 
(495) 
(400) 
(203) 

(45)  $ 

(1,098) 

(3,714)  $ 

(5,266) 

We operate in a Uruguay free trade zone that provides an indefinite future tax benefit.  The tax holiday is conditioned upon our 
meeting  certain  employment  and  investment  thresholds.    The  impact  of  these  tax  holidays  decreased  foreign  taxes  by  $0.1 
million (less than $0.01 per diluted share) and $0.1 million ($0.01 per diluted share) for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 
2022, respectively.

The  Company  accounts  for  certain  income  and  expense  items  differently  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  income  tax 
purposes.  We recognize deferred income tax assets and liabilities for these differences between the financial reporting basis 
and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities as well as expected benefits of utilizing net operating loss and credit carryforwards.  
We measure deferred income tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in 
which we expect to recover or settle those temporary differences.

A summary of the tax effects of the temporary differences is as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Non-current deferred tax assets:

Net operating loss carryforwards
U.S. federal and state tax credits
Other non-U.S. deferred tax assets
Share-based compensation
Accrued expenses
Capital loss carryforward
Depreciation

Non-current deferred tax liabilities:

Intangible assets
Other non-U.S. deferred tax liability
Other

$ 

2023

2022

481,741  $ 
228 
12,487 
1,420 
1,931 
10,046 
8 

(9,122) 
(433) 
(415) 
497,891 

383,908 
282 
12,775 
1,317 
1,369 
10,112 
144 

(9,082) 
(420) 
(244) 
400,161 

Valuation allowance

(501,927) 

(404,141) 

Non-current deferred tax liabilities, net

$ 

(4,036)  $ 

(3,980) 

A valuation allowance is provided when it is deemed more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will 
not be realized.  In determining whether a valuation allowance is needed requires an extensive analysis of positive and negative 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

evidence regarding realization of the deferred tax assets and, inherent in that, an assessment of the likelihood of sufficient future 
taxable income.  When there is a cumulative pretax loss for financial reporting for the current and two preceding years (i.e., a 
three year cumulative loss), this is a significant element of negative evidence that would be difficult to overcome on a more 
likely than not or any other basis.  Therefore, the Company’s valuation allowance was $501.9 million and $404.1 million as of  
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company does not recognize deferred taxes on cumulative earnings of its U.S. subsidiaries because the Company intends 
for  those  earnings  to  be  indefinitely  reinvested.    The  other  non-Luxembourg  earnings  that  are  indefinitely  reinvested  as  of 
December 31, 2023 were approximately $4.2 million, which if distributed would result in no additional tax due.

The Company had a deferred tax asset of $481.7 million as of December 31, 2023 relating to Luxembourg, U.S. federal, state 
and foreign net operating losses compared to $383.9 million as of December 31, 2022.  As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, a 
valuation  allowance  of  $481.0  million  and  $383.1  million,  respectively,  has  been  established  related  to  Luxembourg  net 
operating  loss  (“NOL”).    The  gross  amount  of  net  operating  losses  available  for  carryover  to  future  years  is  approximately 
$1,930.0  million  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  approximately  $1,537.7  million  as  of  December  31,  2022.    These  losses  are 
scheduled to expire between the years 2024 and 2043.

In  addition,  the  Company  had  a  deferred  tax  asset  of  $0.8  million  and  $0.8  million  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022, 
respectively, relating to state tax credits.  Some of the state tax credit carryforwards have an indefinite carryforward period.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act signed into law on March 27, 2020 allowed the Company 
to  utilize  a  five  year  carryback  of  the  full  $14.8  million  net  operating  loss  generated  in  the  U.S.  in  2020.  The  Company’s 
income tax receivable related to such carryback was $5.1 million as of December 31, 2022.  The Company received the full 
receivable in the first quarter of 2023.

The effective tax rate differs from the Luxembourg statutory tax rate due to tax rate differences on foreign earnings, increases in 
uncertain  tax  positions,  state  taxes,  a  decrease  in  unrecognized  tax  benefits,  tax  exempt  income  primarily  from  the  sale  of 
Pointillist  and  a  valuation  allowance  against  deferred  tax  assets  the  Company  believes  it  is  more  likely  than  not  will  not  be 
realized

The following table reconciles the Luxembourg statutory tax rate to our effective tax rate for the years ended December 31:

Statutory tax rate
Change in valuation allowance
State tax expense
Uncertain tax positions
Tax rate differences on foreign earnings
Tax exempt income
Provision to return
Loss on treasury shares
Other

Effective tax rate

2023

2022

 24.94 %

 (186.89) 
 (0.33) 
 (2.98) 
 (1.58) 
 0.18 
 — 
 160.11 
 (0.54) 

 24.94 %
 (32.14) 
 (0.01) 
 (6.80) 
 (1.21) 
 0.19 
 3.45 
 3.91 
 (3.40) 

 (7.09) %

 (11.07) %

The  Company  follows  ASC  Topic  740  which  clarifies  the  accounting  and  disclosure  for  uncertainty  in  tax  positions.    We 
analyzed our tax filing positions in the domestic and foreign tax jurisdictions where we are required to file income tax returns as 
well as for all open tax years subject to audit in these jurisdictions.  The Company has open tax years in the United States (2016 
through 2022), India (2011 through 2023) and Luxembourg (2016 through 2022).

Under Luxembourg legal and regulatory requirements, the public offering of common stock and the share-based compensation 
are issued out of treasury shares.  The difference between the cost of the own shares when acquired and when reissued results in 
tax deductible losses on owned shares of $336.0 million and $7.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 
respectively.  

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

The following table summarizes changes in unrecognized tax benefits during the years ended December 31:

(in thousands)

Amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of the beginning of the year
Decreases as a result of tax positions taken in a prior period
Increases as a result of tax positions taken in a prior period
Increases as a result of tax positions taken in the current period

2023

2022

$ 

9,015  $ 
(65) 
— 
258 

9,023 
(1,595) 
11 
1,576 

Amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of the end of the year

$ 

9,208  $ 

9,015 

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits including interest and penalties that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax 
rate is $18.1 million and $16.7 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The Company recognizes interest, if 
any,  related  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  as  a  component  of  income  tax  expense.    As  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the 
Company  had  recorded  accrued  interest  and  penalties  related  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  of  $8.9  million  and  $7.6  million, 
respectively.

NOTE 21 — LOSS PER SHARE

Basic  loss  per  share  is  computed  by  dividing  loss  available  to  common  shareholders  by  the  weighted  average  number  of 
common  shares  outstanding  for  the  period.    In  accordance  with  ASC  260,  penny  warrants  are  included  in  the  calculation  of 
weighted average basic and diluted loss per share for the period that they are classified as equity.  For the twelve months ended 
December 31, 2023, 0.5 million penny warrants have been included in the calculation of weighted average basic and diluted 
loss  per  share.    Diluted  net  loss  per  share  excludes  all  dilutive  securities  because  their  impact  would  be  anti-dilutive,  as 
described below.

Basic and diluted loss per share are calculated as follows for the years ended December 31:

(in thousands, except per share data)

2023

2022

Net loss attributable to Altisource

$ 

(56,290)  $ 

(53,418) 

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic

Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted

Loss per share:

Basic
Diluted

22,418 

16,070 

22,418 

16,070 

$ 
$ 

(2.51)  $ 
(2.51)  $ 

(3.32) 
(3.32) 

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 1.6 million and 1.3 million, respectively, stock options, restricted shares and 
restricted share units were excluded from the computation of loss per share, as a result of the following:

•

•

•

For the year ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, 0.4 million and 0.2 million, respectively, stock options, restricted 
shares and restricted share units were anti-dilutive and have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per 
share because the Company incurred a net loss

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 0.3 million and 0.2 million, respectively, stock options were anti-
dilutive and have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share because their exercise price was greater 
than the average market price of our common stock.

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 0.9 million and 0.9 million, respectively, stock options, restricted 
shares  and  restricted  share  units,  which  begin  to  vest  upon  the  achievement  of  certain  market  criteria  related  to  our 
common stock price, performance criteria and a total shareholder return compared to the market benchmark, that have 
not yet been met in each period have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share.

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NOTE 22 — COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND REGULATORY MATTERS

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

We  record  a  liability  for  contingencies  if  an  unfavorable  outcome  is  probable  and  the  amount  of  loss  can  be  reasonably 
estimated, including expected insurance coverage.  For proceedings where the reasonable estimate of loss is a range, we record 
a best estimate of loss within the range.

Litigation

We are currently involved in legal actions in the course of our business, most of which seek monetary damages.  Although the 
outcome of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we currently believe that their outcome, both individually and 
in the aggregate, will not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Regulatory Matters

Periodically, we are subject to audits, examinations and investigations by governmental authorities and receive subpoenas, civil 
investigative demands or other requests for information from such governmental authorities in connection with their regulatory 
or  investigative  authority.    We  are  currently  responding  to  such  inquiries  from  governmental  authorities  relating  to  certain 
aspects of our business.  We believe it is premature to predict the potential outcome or to estimate any potential financial impact 
in connection with these inquiries.

Ocwen Related Matters

As discussed in Note 3, during the year ended December 31, 2023, Ocwen was our largest customer, accounting for 44% of our 
total  revenue.    Additionally,  6%  of  our  revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  earned  on  the  loan  portfolios 
serviced by Ocwen, when a party other than Ocwen or the MSRs owner selected Altisource as the service provider.

Ocwen has disclosed that it is subject to a number of ongoing regulatory examinations, consent orders, inquiries, subpoenas, 
civil  investigative  demands,  requests  for  information  and  other  actions  and  is  subject  to  pending  and  threatened  legal 
proceedings,  some  of  which  include  claims  against  Ocwen  for  substantial  monetary  damages.    Previous  regulatory  actions 
against Ocwen have subjected Ocwen to independent oversight of its operations and placed certain restrictions on its ability to 
acquire servicing rights or proceed with default-related actions on the loans it services.  Existing or future similar matters could 
result  in  adverse  regulatory  or  other  actions  against  Ocwen.    In  addition  to  the  above,  Ocwen  may  become  subject  to  future 
adverse regulatory or other actions.

Ocwen  has  disclosed  that  Rithm  is  a  significant  client  of  Ocwen’s.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  Ocwen  reported  that 
approximately 16% of loans serviced and subserviced by Ocwen (measured in UPB) and approximately 67% of all delinquent 
loans that Ocwen services were related to Rithm MSRs or rights to MSRs.

The existence or outcome of Ocwen regulatory matters or the termination of Ocwen’s sub-servicing agreements with Rithm, or 
other  significant  Ocwen  clients  may  have  significant  adverse  effects  on  Ocwen’s  business.    For  example,  Ocwen  may  be 
required  to  alter  the  way  it  conducts  business,  including  the  parties  it  contracts  with  for  services,  it  may  be  required  to  seek 
changes to its existing pricing structure with us, it may lose its non-government-sponsored enterprise (“GSE”) servicing rights 
or  subservicing  arrangements  or  may  lose  one  or  more  of  its  state  servicing  or  origination  licenses.    Additional  regulatory 
actions or adverse financial developments may impose additional restrictions on or require changes in Ocwen’s business that 
could  require  it  to  sell  assets  or  change  its  business  operations.    Any  or  all  of  these  effects  and  others  could  result  in  our 
eventual loss of Ocwen as a customer or a reduction in the number and/or volume of services it purchases from us or the loss of 
other customers.

If any of the following events occurred, Altisource’s revenue could be significantly reduced and our results of operations could 
be materially adversely affected, including from the possible impairment or write-off of goodwill, intangible assets, property 
and equipment, other assets and accounts receivable:

•

•

•

•

Altisource loses Ocwen as a customer or there is a significant reduction in the volume of services it purchases from us

Ocwen loses, sells or transfers a significant portion of its GSE or Federal Housing Administration servicing rights or 
subservicing arrangements or remaining other servicing rights or subservicing arrangements and Altisource fails to be 
retained as a service provider
The  contractual  relationship  between  Ocwen  and  Rithm  changes  significantly,  including  Ocwen’s  sub-servicing 
arrangement with Rithm expiring without renewal, and this change results in a change in our status as a provider of 
services related to the Subject MSRs
Ocwen loses state servicing licenses in states with a significant number of loans in Ocwen’s servicing portfolio

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

•

•

•

Ocwen is subject to stays, moratoriums, suspensions or other restrictions that limit or delay default-related actions on 
the loans it services

The contractual relationship between Ocwen and Altisource changes significantly or there are significant changes to 
our pricing to Ocwen for services from which we generate material revenue

Altisource otherwise fails to be retained as a service provider.

The foregoing list is not intended to be exhaustive.  Management cannot predict whether any of these events or other events will 
occur or the amount of any impact they may have on Altisource.

Leases

We lease certain premises and equipment, primarily consisting of office space and information technology equipment.  Certain 
of  our  leases  include  options  to  renew  at  our  discretion  or  terminate  leases  early,  and  these  options  are  considered  in  our 
determination  of  the  expected  lease  term.    Certain  of  our  lease  agreements  include  rental  payments  adjusted  periodically  for 
inflation.    Our  lease  agreements  generally  do  not  contain  any  material  residual  value  guarantees  or  material  restrictive 
covenants.  We sublease certain office space to third parties.  Sublease income was $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  The amortization periods of right-of-use assets are generally limited by the 
expected lease term.  Our leases generally have expected lease terms at adoption of one to six years.

Information about our lease terms and our discount rate assumption were as follows as of December 31:

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)
Weighted average discount rate

Our lease activity was as follows for the years ended December 31:

2023

2022

2.27
 6.44 %

2.99
 5.68 %

(in thousands)

2023

2022

Operating lease costs:

Selling, general and administrative expense
Cost of revenue

Cash used in operating activities for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Short-term (twelve months or less) lease costs

Maturities of our lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:

$ 

$ 

2,127  $ 
— 

2,127  $ 
2,127 

2,787 
265 

2,198 
1,183 

(in thousands)

2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
Total lease payments

Less: interest

Operating lease 
obligations

$ 

1,762 
1,385 
638 
— 
— 
3,785 
(265) 

Present value of lease liabilities

$ 

3,520 

We have executed no standby letters of credit related to office leases that are secured by restricted cash balances.

Escrow Balances

We  hold  customers’  assets  in  escrow  accounts  at  various  financial  institutions  pending  completion  of  certain  real  estate 
activities.  These amounts are held in escrow accounts for limited periods of time and are not included in the accompanying 

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ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

consolidated balance sheets.  Amounts held in escrow accounts were $21.6 million and $13.2 million as of December 31, 2023 
and 2022, respectively.

NOTE 23 — SEGMENT REPORTING

Our business segments are based upon our organizational structure, which focuses primarily on the services offered, and are 
consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  used  by  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  (our  chief  operating  decision  maker)  to  evaluate 
operating performance and to assess the allocation of our resources.

We conduct our operations through two reportable segments: Servicer and Real Estate and Origination.  In addition, we report 
Corporate and Others separately.

The    Servicer  and  Real  Estate  segment  provides  loan  servicers  and  real  estate  investors  with  solutions  and  technologies  that 
span the mortgage and real estate lifecycle.  The Origination segment provides originators with solutions and technologies that 
span  the  mortgage  origination  lifecycle.    Corporate  and  Others  includes  interest  expense  and  costs  related  to  corporate 
functions including executive, infrastructure and certain technology groups, finance, law, compliance, human resources, vendor 
management, facilities, risk management, and eliminations between reportable segments.

Financial Information

Financial information for our segments is as follows:

(in thousands)

Revenue
Cost of revenue
Gross profit (loss) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Income (loss) from operations
Total other income (expense), net

For the year ended December 31, 2023

Servicer and 
Real Estate

Origination

Corporate and 
Others

Consolidated 
Altisource

$ 

115,467  $ 
73,746 
41,721 
9,622 
32,099 
— 

29,599  $ 
27,946 
1,653 
7,693 
(6,040) 
— 

—  $ 

13,722 
(13,722) 
29,105 
(42,827) 
(35,580) 

145,066 
115,414 
29,652 
46,420 
(16,768) 
(35,580) 

Income (loss) before income taxes and non-controlling interests

$ 

32,099  $ 

(6,040)  $ 

(78,407)  $ 

(52,348) 

(in thousands)

Revenue
Cost of revenue
Gross profit (loss) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Gain on sale of business
Income (loss) from operations
Total other income (expense), net

For the year ended December 31, 2022

Servicer and 
Real Estate

Origination

Corporate and 
Others

Consolidated 
Altisource

$ 

119,661  $ 
81,148 
38,513 
12,057 
— 
26,456 
4 

33,459  $ 
32,052 
1,407 
8,825 
— 
(7,418) 
— 

—  $ 

18,105 
(18,105) 
33,873 
242 
(52,220) 
(14,389) 

153,120 
131,305 
21,815 
54,755 
242 
(33,182) 
(14,385) 

Income (loss) before income taxes and non-controlling interests

$ 

26,460  $ 

(7,418)  $ 

(66,609)  $ 

(47,567) 

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Total Assets

ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Total assets for our segments are as follows:

(in thousands)

Total assets:

December 31, 2023
December 31, 2022

Servicer and 
Real Estate

Origination

Corporate and 
Others

Consolidated 
Altisource

$ 

57,535  $ 
63,696 

50,431  $ 
53,984 

46,892  $ 
77,588 

154,858 
195,268 

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ITEM  9. 

CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that 
we  file  or  submit  under  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”),  is  recorded,  processed, 
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.  Disclosure controls and procedures 
include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports 
we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of December 31, 2023, an evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, 
including our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act).  Based on this evaluation, such officers 
have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2023.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  as  defined  in 
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act.  Management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over 
financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2023  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  (2013) 
issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission.    As  a  result  of  this  assessment, 
management concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, our internal control over financial reporting was effective in providing 
reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external 
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There  were  no  changes  in  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  defined  in  the  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(f)  and 
15d-15(f)) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to 
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Controls

Our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  are  designed  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance of achieving their objectives as specified above.  Management does not expect, however, that our disclosure controls 
and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and fraud.  Any control system, no 
matter  how  well  designed  and  operated,  is  based  upon  certain  assumptions  and  can  provide  only  reasonable,  not  absolute, 
assurance that its objectives will be met.  Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements 
due  to  error  or  fraud  will  not  occur  or  that  all  control  issues  and  instances  of  fraud,  if  any,  within  the  Company  have  been 
detected.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C.  DISCLOSURES REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

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PART III

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement in connection with 
our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement in connection with 
our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement in connection with 
our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement in connection with 
our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement in connection with 
our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

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ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

(a)

1.

2.

3.

The following documents are filed as part of this annual report.

Financial Statements

See Item 8 above.

Financial Statement Schedules:

Financial  statements  schedules  are  omitted  because  they  are  not  required  or  applicable  or  the  required 
information is included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Exhibits:

Exhibit 
Number

Exhibit Description

2.1

2.2

2.3

Form of Separation Agreement between Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. and Ocwen Financial Corporation 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Registrant’s Form 10-12B/A — Amendment No. 1 to Form 10 as 
filed with the Commission on June 29, 2009)

Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2013, by and among Altisource Portfolio Solutions, Inc., 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.,  Ocwen  Financial  Corporation,  Homeward  Residential,  Inc.  and  Power  Valuation 
Services, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of August 19, 2013, by and among Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A., 
Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and the Equity Interestholders of Equator, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 21, 2013)

2.4 **

Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of October 6, 2021 by and among Genesys Cloud Services, Inc., Altisource 
S.à  r.l.,  Pointillist,  Inc,.  and  other  holders  of  the  outstanding  capital  stock  of  Pointillist,  Inc.  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 7, 2021)

3.1

4.1

4.2

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

Amended  and  Restated  Articles  of  Incorporation  of  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2017)

Description of Securities

Form of Warrant issued February 14, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-
K filed on February 21, 2023)

Separation  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  10,  2009,  by  and  between  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.  and 
Ocwen Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2009, by and between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and Ocwen 
Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Transition Services Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2009, by and between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and 
Ocwen Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Employee  Matters  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  10,  2009,  by  and  between  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  and 
Ocwen Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Technology Products Services Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2009, by and between Altisource Solutions S.à 
r.l.  and  Ocwen  Financial  Corporation  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  of  the  Registrant’s  Current 
Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  10,  2009,  by  and  between  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  and  Ocwen 
Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Data  Center  and  Disaster  Recovery  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  10,  2009,  by  and  between 
Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and Ocwen Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

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10.8

10.9 †

10.10 †

10.11

10.12 †

10.13 †

10.14

10.15

10.16 †

10.17 †

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

Intellectual Property Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2009, by and between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and 
Ocwen Financial Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the Registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009)

Employment Contract between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and William B. Shepro (incorporated by reference 
from  Exhibit  10.9  to  Amendment  No.  1  to  the  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10  of  Altisource  Portfolio 
Solutions S.A. as filed with the Commission on June 29, 2009)

Employment Contract between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. and Kevin J. Wilcox (incorporated by reference from 
Exhibit 10.11 to Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form 10 of Altisource Portfolio Solutions 
S.A. as filed with the Commission on June 29, 2009)

Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of February 12, 2010, by and among Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A., 
and the Equity Interest Holders of The Mortgage Partnership of America, L.L.C. and the Management Owners 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of the Company’s 10-K as filed with the Commission on March 17, 
2010)

Form  of  Put  Option  Agreements  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.13  of  the  Company’s  10-K  as  filed 
with the Commission on March 17, 2010)

Form  of  Non-qualified  Stock  Option  Agreement,  pursuant  to  the  2009  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.14 of the Company’s 10-K as filed with the Commission on February 18, 2011)

First Amendment to the Transition Services Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2011, by and between Ocwen 
Financial  Corporation  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the 
Company’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on August 16, 2011)

Support Services Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2012, by and between Ocwen Mortgage Servicing, Inc. and 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
August 16, 2012)

First Amendment to the Employment Contract dated as of August 15, 2012 between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. 
and  William  B.  Shepro  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
August 20, 2012)

First Amendment to the Employment Contract dated as of August 15, 2012 between Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. 
and Kevin J. Wilcox (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 20, 
2012)

Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  1,  2012,  by  and  between  Ocwen  Mortgage  Servicing,  Inc.  and 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
October 5, 2012)

Technology  Products  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  1,  2012,  by  and  between  Ocwen  Mortgage 
Servicing,  Inc.  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  of  the  Company’s 
Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

Data Center and Disaster Recovery Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2012, by and between Ocwen Mortgage 
Servicing,  Inc.  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  of  the  Company’s 
Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

Intellectual Property Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2012, by and between Ocwen Mortgage Servicing, Inc. 
and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on 
October 5, 2012)

First  Amendment  to  Support  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  1,  2012,  by  and  between  Ocwen 
Mortgage  Servicing,  Inc.  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  of  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

First  Amendment  to  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  1,  2012,  by  and  between  Ocwen  Financial 
Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of the Company’s Form 
8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

First Amendment to Technology Products and Services Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2012, by and between 
Ocwen Financial Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

First  Amendment  to  Data  Center  and  Disaster  Recovery  Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  1,  2012,  by  and 
between  Ocwen  Financial  Corporation  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
10.8 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

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10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

First  Amendment  to  Intellectual  Property  Agreement,  dated  as  of  October  1,  2012,  by  and  between  Ocwen 
Financial  Corporation  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.9  of  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2012)

Support Services Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2012, between Altisource Residential Corporation and 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
December 28, 2012)

Support  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  21,  2012,  between  Altisource  Asset  Management 
Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Form 
8-K filed on December 28, 2012)

Tax  Matters  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  21,  2012,  between  Altisource  Residential  Corporation  and 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
December 28, 2012)

Tax  Matters  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  21,  2012,  between  Altisource  Asset  Management  Corporation 
and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on 
December 28, 2012)

10.31 **

Master  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  21,  2012,  between  Altisource  Residential  Corporation  and 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
December 28, 2012)

10.32

10.33

10.34

10.35

10.36

10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.41

10.42

Trademark  License  Agreement,  dated  as  of  December  21,  2012,  between  Altisource  Asset  Management 
Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of the Company’s Form 
8-K filed on December 28, 2012)

Technology  Products  Services  Agreement,  between  Altisource  Asset  Management  Corporation  and  Altisource 
Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 28, 
2012)

Second  Amendment  to  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  March  29,  2013,  by  and  between  Ocwen  Financial 
Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 
8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

Second Amendment to Technology Products Services Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2013, by and between 
Ocwen Financial Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

Second Amendment to Data Center and Disaster Recovery Services Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2013, by 
and between Ocwen Financial Corporation and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.3 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

Second  Amendment  to  Intellectual  Property  Agreement,  dated  as  of  March  29,  2013,  by  and  between  Ocwen 
Financial  Corporation  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.4  of  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

First  Amendment  to  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  March  29,  2013,  by  and  between  Ocwen  Mortgage 
Servicing,  Inc.  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  of  the  Company’s 
Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

First  Amendment  to  Technology  Products  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  March  29,  2013,  by  and  between 
Ocwen Mortgage Servicing, Inc. and Altisource Solutions S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of 
the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

First  Amendment  to  Data  Center  and  Disaster  Recovery  Services  Agreement,  dated  as  of  March  29,  2013,  by 
and  between  Ocwen  Mortgage  Servicing,  Inc.  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.7 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

First  Amendment  to  Intellectual  Property  Agreement,  dated  as  of  March  29,  2013,  by  and  between  Ocwen 
Mortgage  Servicing,  Inc.  and  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.8  of  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2013)

Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2013, by and among Altisource Solutions S.à r.l., Ocwen Financial Corporation 
and  Ocwen  Mortgage  Servicing,  Inc.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s  Form  8-K 
filed on April 18, 2013)

10.43 †

Form of Cash Retention Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-
K filed on April 21, 2015)

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10.44 †

10.45 †

10.46 †

10.47 †

10.48

10.49 †

10.50 †

10.51 †

10.52 †

10.53 **

10.54 **

10.55 **

10.56 **

10.57

10.58 †

10.59 †

10.60

10.61 †

10.62

Form  of  Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Award  Agreement  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  of  the 
Company’s Form 10-Q filed on July 23, 2015)

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement effective as of October 1, 2014 between Altisource Solutions 
S.à r.l. and Gregory J. Ritts (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.63 of the Company’s Form 10-K filed on 
March 15, 2016)

Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement between the Company and Gregory J. Ritts dated as of August 
29, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on October 27, 2016)

Form  of  Director  Restricted  Share  Award  Agreement  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 24, 2016)

Amendment  and  Waiver  Agreement  dated  September  30,  2016  between  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  and 
Altisource Residential Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on October 3, 2016)

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement (2017 Performance-Based Stock Options) (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 13, 2017)

Form  of  Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Award  Agreement  (Service  Revenue  Stock  Options)    (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 13, 2017)

Form  of  Restricted  Stock  Award  Agreement  (2017  Performance-Based  Restricted  Shares)    (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 13, 2017)

Form  of  Restricted  Stock  Award  Agreement  (Service-Based  Restricted  Shares)    (incorporated  by  reference  to 
Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 13, 2017)

Cooperative Brokerage Agreement, dated as of  August 28, 2017, between REALHome Services and Solutions, 
Inc., REALHome Services and Solutions - CT, Inc. and New Residential Sales Corp. (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.8 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on October 26, 2017)

Letter  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  28,  2017,  between  New  Residential  Investment  Corp.,  New  Residential 
Mortgage  LLC,  REALHome  Services  and  Solutions,  Inc.,  REALHome  Services  and  Solutions  -  CT,  Inc.  and 
Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.9  of  the  Company’s  Form  10-Q  filed  on 
October 26, 2017)

First  Amendment  to  the  Cooperative  Brokerage  Agreement,  dated  as  of  November  16,  2017,  between 
REALHome Services and Solutions, Inc., REALHome Services and Solutions - CT, Inc. and New Residential 
Sales  Corp.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.71  of  the  Company’s  Form  10-K  filed  on  February  22, 
2018)

Second  Amendment  to  the  Cooperative  Brokerage  Agreement,  dated  as  of  January  18,  2018,  between 
REALHome Services and Solutions, Inc., REALHome Services and Solutions - CT, Inc. and New Residential 
Sales  Corp.  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.72  of  the  Company’s  Form  10-K  filed  on  February  22, 
2018)

Third Amendment to the Cooperative Brokerage Agreement, dated as of March 23, 2018, between REALHome 
Services  and  Solutions,  Inc.,  REALHome  Services  and  Solutions  -  CT,  Inc.  and  New  Residential  Sales  Corp. 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on April 26, 2018)

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement (2018 Performance-Based Stock Options) (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on April 26, 2018)

Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement (2018 Service-Based Restricted Share Units) (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on April 26, 2018)

Credit  Agreement,  dated  April  3,  2018  among  Altisource  S.à  r.l.  and  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A., 
Morgan  Stanley  Senior  Funding,  Inc.,  as  Administrative  Agent  and  Collateral  Agent,  and  the  Lenders  party 
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2018)

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement (2018 Performance-Based Stock Options) (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on July 26, 2018)

Amendment  No.  1  to  Credit  Agreement  dated  as  of  June  27,  2018  among  Altisource  S.à  r.l.  and  Altisource 
Portfolio Solutions S.A., Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, 
and the Lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on 
July 26, 2018)

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10.63

10.64

10.65 †

10.66 †

10.67 †

10.68 †

10.69 †

10.70 **

10.71 †

Omnibus Amendment to Master Services Agreement, Waiver Agreement, Services Letter and Fee Letter, dated 
August 8, 2018 among Altisource S.à r.l. and Front Yard Residential Corporation (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 9, 2018)

Fourth  Amendment  to  the  Cooperative  Brokerage  Agreement,  dated  as  of  September  11,  2018,  between 
REALHome Services and Solutions, Inc., REALHome Services and Solutions - CT, Inc. and New Residential 
Sales Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on October 25, 2018)

Second  Amended  and  Restated  Employment  Contract  dated  as  of  November  6,  2018  between  Altisource 
Solutions S.à r.l. and Gregory J. Ritts (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.78 of the Company’s Form 10-K 
filed on February 26, 2019)

Employment  Agreement  effective  as  of  August  1,  2017  between  Altisource  Solutions  S.à  r.l  and  Marcello 
Mastioni (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.79 of the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2019)

Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement between the Company and Marcello Mastioni dated as of August 
1, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.80 of the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2019)

Restricted  Share  Award  Agreement  between  the  Company  and  Marcello  Mastioni  dated  as  of  August  1,  2017 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.81 of the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2019)

Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. Amended and Restated 2009 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of November 
12, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.82 of the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 26, 2019)

Binding Term Sheet dated as of February 22, 2019 between Altisource S.à r.l., Ocwen Financial Corporation and 
Ocwen Mortgage Servicing, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed 
on April 25, 2019)

Amended  and  Restated  Employment  Contract  of  Indefinite  Duration  dated  as  of  March  22,  2019  between 
Altisource S.à r.l. and Marcello Mastioni (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Form 10-
Q filed on April 25, 2019)

10.72 ** †

Separation  Agreement  and  Release  dated  as  of  March  22,  2019  between  Indroneel  Chatterjee  and  Altisource 
Solutions, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on April 25, 2019)

10.73 ** †

Side Letter to Separation Agreement and Release by and between Indroneel Chatterjee and Altisource Solutions, 
Inc. dated as of March 22, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on 
April 25, 2019)

10.74†

10.75 †

10.76 †

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant to Altisource’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan and 2019 
Long Term Equity Incentive Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Company’s Form 10-Q 
filed on April 25, 2019)

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant to Altisource’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan and 2018 
Annual Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on April 
25, 2019)

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement Pursuant to Altisource’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan and 2019 
Long Term Equity Incentive Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q 
filed on July 25, 2019)

10.77 †

Agreement  dated  as  of  October  11,  2019  between  Altisource  S.à  r.l.  and  Kevin  J.  Wilcox  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on October 24, 2019)

10.78

10.79

10.80

10.81

Binding Term Sheet dated as of May 5, 2021 between Altisource S.à r.l., Ocwen Financial Corporation and and 
Ocwen USVI Services, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on 
May10, 2021)

Settlement Agreement and Full Release dated as of April 28, 2021 between Marcello Mastioni and Altisource 
S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May10, 2021)

Post-Separation  Covenant  Agreement  dated  as  of  April  28,  2021  between  Marcello  Mastioni  and  Altisource 
S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May10, 2021)

Credit Agreement, dated June 22, 2021 among Altisource S.à r.l. and STS Master Fund, Ltd. (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2021)

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10.82

10.83

10.84

10.85

Director Restricted Share Award Agreement dated as of April 13, 2022 between Mary C. Hickok and Altisource 
Portfolio Solutions S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on April 
28, 2022)

 Transaction Support Agreement (including the Term Sheet) dated as of February 2, 2023 (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2023)

Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 14, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 21, 2023)

Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated February 14, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 21, 2023)

10.86 * ** Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated February 9, 2023 among Altisource S.à r.l. and Altisource 

Portfolio Solutions S.A., Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, 
and the Lenders party thereto

10.87 *

Amended Credit Agreement dated February 9, 2023 by among Altisource S.à r.l and STS Master Fund, Ltd

21.1 *

23.1 *

31.1 *

31.2 *

32.1 *

101*

Subsidiaries of the Registrant.

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (RSM US LLP).

Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).

Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002.

Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, the following financial information from the Company’s Annual Report 
on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  is  formatted  in  Inline  XBRL  interactive  data  files:  (i) 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022; (ii) Consolidated Statements of 
Operations and Comprehensive Loss for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023; (iii) 
Consolidated  Statements  of  Equity  (Deficit)  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended  December  31, 
2023  (iv)  Consolidated  Statements  of  Cash  Flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended 
December 31, 2023; (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements; and (vi) Financial Statement Schedule.

104*

Cover Page Interactive Data File formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

______________________________________

*

**

†

Filed herewith

Portions  of  this  exhibit  have  been  redacted  pursuant  to  a  request  for  confidential  treatment.    The  non-public 
information has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Denotes management contract or compensatory arrangement

93

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: March 7, 2024

Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A.

By:

/s/ William B. Shepro
Name: William B. Shepro
Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

By:

/s/ Michelle D. Esterman
Name: Michelle D. Esterman
Title: Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and 
Principal Accounting Officer)

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the  following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ William B. Shepro
William B. Shepro

/s/ Joseph L. Morettini
Joseph L. Morettini

/s/ Roland Müller-Ineichen
Roland Müller-Ineichen

/s/ John G. Aldridge
John G. Aldridge

/s/ Mary Hickok
Mary Hickok

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

March 7, 2024

March 7, 2024

March 7, 2024

March 7, 2024

March 7, 2024

/s/ Michelle D. Esterman
Michelle D. Esterman

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

March 7, 2024

94

The following are subsidiaries of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. as of December 31, 2023 and the jurisdictions in which 
they are organized.

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES

Exhibit 21.1

Name

Absotech Solutions Private Limited
Altisource Access, Inc.
Altisource Asia Holdings Ltd. I
Altisource Business Solutions Private Limited
Altisource Business Solutions S.à r.l.
Altisource Fulfillment Operations, Inc.
Altisource Holdings, LLC
Altisource Mortgage Solutions S.à r.l.
Altisource Online Auction, Inc.
Altisource Outsourcing Solutions S.R.L.
Altisource Portfolio Solutions, Inc.
Altisource Real Estate Web Portal S.à r.l.
Altisource S.à r.l.
Altisource Solutions, Inc.
Altisource Technology Solutions S.à r.l.
Altisource US Data, Inc.
Association of Certified Mortgage Originators Risk Retention Group, Inc.
Association of Certified Originators
Beltline Road Insurance Agency, Inc.
Best Partners Mortgage Cooperative, Inc.*
CastleLine Re, Inc.
CastleLine Risk and Insurance Services, LLC
Coolsol Solutions Private Limited
Correspondent One, LLC
Equator, LLC
Power Default Services, Inc.
Premium Title Agency, Inc.
Premium Title Insurance Agency - UT, Inc.
Premium Title of California, Inc.
Premium Title Services - FL, Inc.
Premium Title Services - IL, Inc.
Premium Title Services - Indiana, Inc.
Premium Title Services - LA, Inc.
Premium Title Services - MD, Inc.
Premium Title Services - MN, Inc.
Premium Title Services - MO, Inc.
Premium Title Services - NY, Inc.
Premium Title Services - VA, Inc.

Jurisdiction of 
incorporation or 
organization

India
Delaware
Mauritius
India
Luxembourg
Delaware
Delaware
Luxembourg
Delaware
Uruguay
Delaware
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Delaware
Luxembourg
Delaware
Nevada
Nevada
Texas
Delaware
Nevada
Nevada
India
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Utah
California
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Louisiana
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware

______________________________________
*  The Best Partners Mortgage Cooperative, Inc. is a mortgage products cooperative owned by its members and managed by 

The Mortgage Partnership of America, L.L.C.

Name

Premium Title Services, Inc.
PTS – Escrow, Inc.
PTS – Texas Title, Inc.
REALHome Services and Solutions – CT, Inc.
REALHome Services and Solutions, Inc.
Springhouse, LLC
The Mortgage Partnership of America, L.L.C.
Western Progressive – Arizona, Inc.
Western Progressive – Mississippi, Inc.
Western Progressive – Missouri, Inc.
Western Progressive – Nevada, Inc.
Western Progressive – Tennessee, Inc.
Western Progressive – Utah, Inc.
Western Progressive – Virginia, Inc.
Western Progressive – Washington, Inc.
Western Progressive Trustee, LLC

Jurisdiction of 
incorporation or 
organization

Florida
Delaware
Delaware
Connecticut
Florida
Missouri
Missouri
Delaware
Delaware
Missouri
Delaware
Tennessee
Utah
Virginia
Washington
Delaware

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Nos. 333-268761 and 333-276301) on Form S-3 
and (No. 333-161175) on Form S-8 of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. of our report dated March 7, 2024, relating to the 
consolidated  financial  statements  of  Altisource  Portfolio  Solutions  S.A.,  appearing  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  of 
Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Exhibit 23.1

/s/ RSM US LLP

Jacksonville, Florida
March 7, 2024

CERTIFICATION BY THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, William B. Shepro, hereby certify that:

Exhibit 31.1

1. 

I  have  reviewed  this  annual  report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ending  December  31,  2023  of  Altisource  Portfolio 
Solutions S.A.;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those  entities,  particularly  during  the  period  in 
which this report is being prepared;

(b)  designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

(c)  evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  all  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and

(b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 7, 2024

By:

/s/ William B. Shepro
William B. Shepro
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

CERTIFICATION BY THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Michelle D. Esterman, hereby certify that:

Exhibit 31.2

1. 

I  have  reviewed  this  annual  report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ending  December  31,  2023  of  Altisource  Portfolio 
Solutions S.A.;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those  entities,  particularly  during  the  period  in 
which this report is being prepared;

(b)  designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

(c)  evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  all  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and

(b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 7, 2024

By:

/s/ Michelle D. Esterman
Michelle D. Esterman
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and 
 Principal Accounting Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION UNDER SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(UNITED STATES CODE, TITLE 18, CHAPTER 63, SECTION 1350)
ACCOMPANYING ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K OF
ALTISOURCE PORTFOLIO SOLUTIONS S.A. FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2021

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A. (the “Company”) for the year ended 
December  31,  2023,  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  “Report”),  William  B. 
Shepro, as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Michelle D. Esterman, as Chief Financial Officer of the 
Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange 

Act of 1934; and

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company.

By:

/s/ William B. Shepro
William B. Shepro
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

March 7, 2024

By:

/s/ Michelle D. Esterman
Michelle D. Esterman
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and 
 Principal Accounting Officer)
March 7, 2024