Quarterlytics / Rental & Leasing Services / Andrews Sykes Group plc / FY2021 Annual Report

Andrews Sykes Group plc
Annual Report 2021

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FY2021 Annual Report · Andrews Sykes Group plc
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GROUP PLC

Andrews 
Sykes 
Group plc
Annual Report 
and Financial 
Statements 2021

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Contents

1
2
5
5
5
5
8

18
22
23

24

35
36

Summary of Results
Chairman’s Statement
Strategic Report

Principal objectives and strategy
Future development of the business
2021 operational performance
Review of risks, uncertainties and financial 
performance
Directors’ Report
Directors and Advisers 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities in respect 
of the Annual Report and Financial Statements
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of 
Andrews Sykes Group plc
Consolidated Income Statement
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive  
Total Income
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
Group Accounting Policies

37
38
39
40
48 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
76
77
78
84

Parent Company Balance Sheet
Parent Company Statement of Changes in Equity
Notes to the Company Financial Statements
Five–Year History

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Summary of Results

12 months 

12 months 

ended 

ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2021

£'000

 75,219 

2020

£'000

 67,259 

 28,946 

 26,089 

 20,074 

 16,386 

 15,540 

 13,020 

 23,589 

 22,255 

 16,509 

 7,672 

 9,869 

 19,442 

Revenue from continuing operations 

Adjusted EBITDA* from continuing operations 

Operating profit 

Profit after tax for the financial period 

Net cash inflow from operating activities 

Net funds 

Total interim and final dividends paid 

Basic earnings per share from total operations (pence) 

 36.85p 

 30.87p 

Interim and final dividends paid per equity share (pence) 

 23.40p 

 46.10p 

Proposed final dividend per equity share (pence) 

 12.50p 

 11.50p 

*   Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation, profit on sale of property, plant and equipment, Amortisation and non-recurring items as reconciled 

on the consolidated income statement. 

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1

Chairman’s Statement
Overview and financial highlights

Overview and outlook

Andrews Sykes’ trading has recovered strongly after the unprecedented challenge posed by the coronavirus pandemic. 

We are thankful and proud of our team members who responded as essential service providers throughout the various stages of 

the pandemic. The wellbeing of our employees and business partners has always been of paramount importance as we adhered to 

the various local government guidelines which evolved throughout 2020 and 2021. Our priority of keeping our operations safe for 

customers, employees, and business partners has allowed Andrews Sykes to weather hopefully the worst of the pandemic and still 

produce strong financial results for shareholders.

Despite these unprecedented circumstances, we are encouraged how the business has constantly adapted to overcome operational 

issues and explore new revenue opportunities which have arisen through various avenues such as the supporting of COVID testing and 

vaccinations stations. The group has also achieved a rebound in revenues from our core traditional markets of “comfort” cooling and 

heating despite various lockdowns and “stay at home” guidance being in effect at multiple different times throughout the year. 

This year was once again supported by another strong year for our UK pump hire business, which finished the year 16% up on the 

previous year’s revenue and continues the recent history of setting record levels of revenue yearly.

The group is confident in its core markets, its revenues and its profits. 

2021 trading summary

The group’s revenue for the year ended 31 December 2021 was £75.2 million, an increase of £8.0 million, or 11.8%, compared with 

the same period last year. This increase had a more than proportionate impact on operating profit which increased by 22.5%, or 

£3.7 million, from £16.4 million last year to £20.1 million in the year under review. This increase reflects a much higher level of trading 

across most of our businesses as the effects of the coronavirus pandemic started to recede. Turnover for the second half of the year 

was up 10.7% on the first half, further underlining the improving market conditions in which we operate.

Net finance costs were £0.6 million this year compared with £0.6 million last year. Profit before taxation was £19.5 million 
(2020: £15.8 million) and profit after taxation was £15.5 million (2020: £13.0 million).

The group has reported an increase in the basic earnings per share of 5.98p, or 19.4%, from 30.87p in 2020 to 36.85p in the current 

year. This is mainly attributable to the above increase in the group’s operating profit. 

The group continues to generate strong cash flows. Net cash inflow from operating activities was £23.6 million compared with 

£22.3 million last year reflecting strong cash management. 

Cost control, cash and working capital management continue to be priorities for the group with stocks reduced by £2.4 million during 

the year. Capital expenditure is concentrated on assets with strong returns; in total, £5.0 million was invested in the hire fleet this 

year. In addition, the group invested a further £0.4 million in property, plant and equipment. These actions will ensure that the group’s 
infrastructure and revenue generating assets are sufficient to support future growth and profitability. Hire fleet utilisation, condition 

and availability continue to be the subjects of management focus.

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Operating performance

The following table splits the results between the first and second half years:

1st half 2021

1st half 2020

2nd half 2021

2nd half 2020

Total 2021

Total 2020

Turnover

 Operating profit

£’000

35,693

33,480

39,526

33,779

75,219

67,259

£’000

7,955

7,000

12,119

9,386

20,074

16,386

The above table reflects the continued recovery from the coronavirus pandemic, with second-half revenues being 10.7% up on first 

half revenues and second half profitability returning to pre-pandemic levels. 

The turnover of our main business segment in the UK increased from £38.3m last year to £45.2m with operating profit increasing 

from £11.5m to £15.4m. This result was supported by an exceptional overall year for our pump hire business and our core markets of 

heating and air conditioning recovered strongly from 2020 being 33% and 36% higher in 2021.

Our European businesses recorded similar increases in turnover, increasing from £16.1 million last year to £19.4 million, and operating 

profit increasing from £3.6 million to £5.2 million in 2021. This reflects a strong rebound in both air conditioning and heater hire 

revenues following a general return to work and a cold end to the winter period in mainland Europe. Both our Dutch and Italian 

subsidiaries reported record turnover levels in 2021. 

The turnover of our hire and sales business in the Middle East decreased from £10.3 million last year to £7.9 million, and operating 

profit decreased from £2.0 million to £0.3 million in the year under review. COVID restrictions continued to impact HVAC rental 

division product demand during Ramadan in the first half of the year and a lack of significant infrastructure projects is depressing 

turnover in the pumps division. Whilst turnover in the second half of the year was below that in the first half, it is encouraging to note 

that fourth quarter revenue was 6.7% above third quarter revenue.

Our fixed installation business sector in the UK returned an operating profit of £0.2 million this year; the same as that achieved in 

2020. The market continues to be fragmented with high levels of price competition.

Central overheads were £1.1 million in the current year compared with £0.8 million in 2020. 

Profit for the financial year

Profit before tax was £19.5 million this year compared with £15.8 million last year; an increase of £3.7 million. This is wholly 

attributable to the above £3.7 million increase in operating profit with net interest costs remaining the same at £0.6 million. 

Tax charges increased from £2.8 million in 2020 to £4.0 million this year. The overall effective tax rate increased slightly from 17.8% 

in 2020 to 20.3% this year. A detailed reconciliation of the theoretical corporation tax charge based on the accounts profit multiplied 

by 19% and the actual tax charge is given in note 10 to the consolidated financial statements. Profit for the financial year was 

£15.5 million compared with £13.0 million last year.

Defined benefit pension scheme

A formal funding valuation as at 31 December 2020, together with a revised schedule of contributions and recovery plan, was agreed 

by the Board with the pension scheme trustees in March 2021. In accordance with this agreement, the group paid and will be paying 

£1.3 million per annum into the pension scheme in both 2021 and 2022. 

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3

Chairman’s Statement
Overview and financial highlights (continued)

Equity dividends

The company paid two dividends during the year. On 18 June 2021, a final dividend for the year ended 31 December 2020 of 11.50 

pence per ordinary share was paid. This was followed by an interim dividend for 2021 of 11.90 pence per ordinary share, which was paid 

on 5 November 2021. Therefore, during 2021, a total of £9.9 million in cash dividends has been returned to our ordinary shareholders.

The Board has decided to propose a final dividend of 12.50 pence per share. If approved at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting, 

this dividend, which in total amounts to £5.27 million, will be paid on 17 June 2022 to shareholders on the register as at 27 May 2022.

Share buybacks

The company did not purchase any of its own ordinary shares for cancellation during the period under review. In previous years, 

purchases were made which enhanced earnings per share and were for the benefit of all shareholders. As at 3 May 2022, there 

remained an outstanding general authority for the directors to purchase 5,271,794 ordinary shares, which was granted at last year’s 

Annual General Meeting.

The Board believes that it is in the best interests of shareholders to have this authority in order that market purchases may be made 

in the right circumstances if the necessary funds are available. Accordingly, at the next Annual General Meeting, shareholders will be 

asked to vote in favour of a resolution to renew the general authority to make market purchases of up to 12.5% of the ordinary share 

capital in issue.

Net funds

Net funds increased by £8.8 million from £7.7 million at 31 December 2020 to £16.5 million at 31 December 2021; this increase is after 

the cash distribution of £9.9m in dividend payments during 2021.

Bank loan facilities

In April 2017, a bank loan of £5 million was taken out with the group’s bankers, Royal Bank of Scotland. The first four loan repayments 

of £0.5 million were made in accordance with the bank agreement on 30 April 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021. The remaining balance of 

£3.0 million, outstanding as at 31 December 2021, was repaid by a final balloon repayment on 30 April 2022.

JG Murray

Chairman

3 May 2022

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Strategic Report
Operational performance

Principal objectives and strategy 

The Andrews Sykes Group is one of the market leaders in the rental of specialist hire equipment, offering bespoke solutions to our 

customers for their temporary or emergency needs. Our product range includes pumping equipment, air conditioning, chillers, 

heaters, boilers, dehumidifiers and ventilation units.

We aim to provide the most modern, technically advanced and environmentally friendly rental equipment in the market. Our products 

and services are supplied throughout the UK, Europe and the Middle East, via a network of depots which are supported by regional 

agents. Having been originally established in the UK since 1857, we now have over 40 locations and operate with around 600 staff 

worldwide. Our operations in mainland Europe began over 40 years ago in Rotterdam and now extend to depots located throughout 

Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Italy and Switzerland. In the Middle East, we have been operating from Dubai since the 1970s 

and now have locations in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah, with agents and partners based throughout the Middle East.

In addition to renting our products, we provide our equipment for sale along with a full service and repair back up. In the UK, we also 

have a specialist air conditioning installation, service and maintenance subsidiary, which provides a nationwide coverage from a base 

in Manchester.

By providing a premium level of service 24 hours per day, 365 days per year, we have become the preferred suppliers to many major 

businesses and operations spanning a huge range of industries and geographic locations. Our reputation for providing high levels of 

training to our staff whilst maintaining a strict health and safety workplace, within an environmentally conscious culture, makes us an 

employer of choice for our industry.

Continual investment in new technology ensures that we provide our customers with new solutions to overcome their operational 

challenges. We constantly review and refresh our fleet of rental equipment to ensure that we set the standards within the rental 

industry throughout the UK, Europe and the Middle East.

Future development of the business

Our success has been centred on providing technically advanced climate rental and pumping products to numerous geographic 

locations and market sectors. We plan to continue to develop new products and services within our specialist portfolio whilst 

continuing to expand our geographic coverage both within existing territories and new markets. During 2021, we continued to develop 

new products and have a number of new developments ready for launching in 2022, which will extend our product offering to both 

new and existing customers. 

Although our business benefits from extreme climate conditions and is affected by regional economic influences, we aim to provide 

acceptable levels of success without relying on advantageous market conditions, whilst optimising favourable conditions when they 

arise. At the same time, the company continues to carefully control its cost base to ensure that satisfactory levels of profit can be 

achieved even during difficult market conditions. In 2021, the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic both on the business 

and the markets it serves worldwide was partially reflected in the year-end numbers, but of equal importance is our proven ability 
to adapt and continue to find new COVID-secure methods of operating our business as circumstances changed throughout the year. 

2021, above all else, reflects this flexibility in our group business and its ability to adapt to service our markets safely and securely on a 

sustainable basis moving forward.

2021 operational performance

With 2021 still being impacted by the effects of COVID-19, we are pleased to report that our business continued to adapt well to the 

ever-changing challenges that the pandemic created for us and profits returned to pre-pandemic levels. The group operating profit 
increased by £3.7 million in 2021 to £20.1m (2020: £16.4m). We are pleased that we have managed our way through the year with 
agility in response to each change in our business on both a regional and country level. 

The UK hire business experienced a 16% turnover increase when compared to last year, supported by an exceptional overall year for 

our pump hire business in the UK. We are pleased to report company turnover surpassed the previous record set in 2018.  Our core 

markets of heating and air conditioning (in the traditional markets of “comfort” cooling and heating) recovered strongly from 2020 

being 33% and 36% higher respectively in 2021. Chiller and boiler revenue was the only part of the business not to improve on 2020 

revenues, being 7% down on 2020.

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Strategic Report
Operational performance

In mainland Europe, our total turnover experienced an even stronger recovery than in the UK, rising 20% on the previous year, with 

operating profit up 47% on the previous year. As with the UK, there was a strong recovery in the comfort cooling and heating sectors, 

helped by late winter low temperatures. In the Benelux region, our business performed strongly with Holland comfortably surpassing 

previous record turnover set in 2019 by 7% and being 26% favourable to 2020. Belgium and Luxembourg, being more heavily 

impacted by COVID restrictions, remain below pre-COVID levels but pleasingly grew 26% and 41% respectively in the year. Our Italian 

subsidiary, Nolo Climat, reported continued strong growth in 2021; this continued the year-on-year growth we have enjoyed since 

entering the Italian market in 2011. Turnover increased 20% compared to 2020 and reached new record levels. In France, turnover 

increased 13% and returned to pre-COVID levels. Whilst France remains the only loss-making geographic location, that operating loss 

was reduced in 2021. Management continue to focus on revenue growth opportunities and are investing in human resource across the 

country in order to grow the business further and improve the operating profit performance. Switzerland, whilst being the smallest 

of our operations, experienced a very strong recovery, increasing turnover 94% and returning to the strong growth path experienced 

pre-COVID. 

In the Middle East, Khansaheb Sykes remains the company most heavily impacted from COVID and the market remained challenging 

for the entire year. Turnover decreased 18% compared to 2020 with 2020 being 22% down on 2019. Operating profit was adverse 

85% as compared to the prior year. COVID restrictions continued to impact HVAC rental division product demand during Ramadan in 

the first half of the year and a lack of significant infrastructure projects is depressing turnover in the pumps division. 

The overall group operating profit of £20.1 million increased 23% or £3.7 million when compared to the prior year (2020: £16.4 million). 
Net funds of £16.5 million as at 31 December 2021 is an increase of £8.8 million on the prior year (2020: £7.7 million).

Hire and sales UK
Andrews Sykes Hire Limited
Our main UK trading subsidiary, Andrews Sykes Hire, has 26 locations covering the UK and employing around 300 members of staff. 

During the year, we continued to develop both our product range and service offering, with further investments in our hire fleet, 

depots, and infrastructure. The profit for 2021 of £15.4 million was an increase of £3.9 million, or 34%, on 2020. This result, we believe, 

shows the ability of the business to react to changing customer needs and market circumstances, and to mobilise quickly to adapt to 

customer requirements.

Hire and sales Europe
Summary
Turnover of the European hire and sales business sector increased from £16.2 million last year to £19.5 million in the current year; 

an increase of £3.3 million or 20% compared with last year. Operating profit increased by £1.7 million, or 47%, from 2020 to 2021. A 

reconciliation of the result of this and other business sectors to the consolidated results for the year is given in note 5 to the financial 

statements.

Andrews Sykes BV
With over 40 years of experience in the Dutch market, we currently have four depots strategically located throughout the Netherlands 

providing full coverage of the country. Our Dutch business also provides back up support to our operations in Belgium and 

Luxembourg. This subsidiary performed exceptionally well with total revenue 26% above that of the previous year.

Andrews Sykes BVBA 
Our Belgian subsidiary is based in Brussels and provides the full range of Andrews Sykes climate rental products throughout Belgium. 

Trading in both French and Flemish languages, the business has dual language branding, literature and website for the Belgian market. 

A second depot in Antwerp was opened in Q4 2021. Turnover increased 26% as compared to prior year.

Andrews Sykes Sarl
Our operation in Luxembourg was opened in 2014 and is strategically located to provide the full range of our climate rental products 

throughout the country. This subsidiary produced 41% growth during the year, which was supported by further investment in products, 

staff and facilities. Our Luxembourg subsidiary works in conjunction with our Belgian operation, with administration and technical 

support provided from Brussels.

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Nolo Climat SRL
Nolo Climat is our Italian subsidiary, which opened in 2011. Our main depot is strategically located close to the centre of Milan where it 

is well-placed to cover the Lombardy region and the North of Italy, with further depots located in Bologna and Verona. Following the 

progress made in recent years, this business provided another record result in 2021 with turnover up 20% as compared to 2020. 

Andrews Sykes Climat Location SAS
Our French subsidiary was established in 2012; since then, we have established depots in Paris, Lyon, Lille, Marseille, Nantes and Toulouse. 

Despite France producing an operating loss in 2021, the group has continued to invest in our hire fleet and staff in order to maximise 

future potential revenue opportunities. Turnover for 2021 finished the year 13% favourable to the comparable number for 2020. 

Climat Location SA
Climat Location SA is our Swiss subsidiary, which opened in 2013; this operation was established to service the French cantons and 

works closely with our French subsidiary. We have recently relocated our operations to a larger facility and are now exploring further 

opportunities within the German cantons. Following a small operating loss in 2020, our Swiss operation returned to profitability in 

2021 with turnover increasing 94% to that achieved in 2020. 

UK installation business
Andrews Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Limited
Andrews Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (AAC&R) is our UK-based fixed air conditioning, service, maintenance and installation 

business. This subsidiary provides a specialist service to customers who have or require permanently installed air conditioning 

systems. The total revenue for this business is split between the sale of new systems, and the service and maintenance of existing 

systems. In 2021, the business increased turnover by 7% as compared to 2020 with levels of profitability comparable to the prior 

year. Service work was comparable to prior year but installations activity was increased 15% as restrictions imposed in the pandemic 

were eased. 

Hire and sales Middle East
Khansaheb Sykes LLC
Khansaheb Sykes is our long-established pump hire and dewatering business, which is based in the UAE with locations in Sharjah, 

Dubai and Abu Dhabi. These centres also provide a base from which we cover other parts of the Middle East for both pump sales and 

hire. We have agents based throughout the Middle East including Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar, which allows us to provide our 

products and services in these local markets. The business remains the most heavily impacted from COVID and the market remained 

challenging for the entire year. Turnover decreased 18% compared to 2020 and operating profit was adverse 85% as compared to the 

prior year.

Group summary

The overall group result for 2021 shows an increase in operating profit of £3.7 million, or 23%, when compared to 2020, which was a 

good result given the continued challenges faced throughout the World in 2021.

The Andrews Sykes business remains strong: the experience of our senior management team, coupled with our development plans, 

provide optimism for further progress in 2022 as we navigate out of the pandemic and adapt to the new environment accordingly. 

The group continues to develop new sales channels and propositions, which will enable the business to take advantage of favourable 

market conditions and opportunities as they arise. At the same time, the company continues to carefully control its cost base and 

ensure that satisfactory levels of profit can be achieved even during difficult market conditions.

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7

Strategic Report
Review of risks, uncertainties  
and financial performance

Key performance indicators (KPIs)
The group’s principal KPIs are as follows:

Average revenue per employee

Adjusted EBITDA(1) from continuing operations

Operating cash flow as a percentage of operating assets employed (2)

Net funds

Net funds to equity percentage

Basic EPS from continuing operations (pence)

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£133,000

£116,000

£28,946,000

£26,089,000

81.9%

£16,509,000

25.9%

36.85p

64.2%

£7,672,000

13.7%

30.87p

(1)    Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation, profit on sale of property, plant and equipment, Amortisation and non-recurring items as reconciled 

on the consolidated income statement.

(2)   Cash generated from operations before defined benefit pension scheme contributions. Operating assets are net assets employed excluding pension 

assets and liabilities, loans, deferred and corporation tax balances, bank deposit accounts and cash.

Non-financial KPIs monitored internally by the Board include staff absenteeism and energy consumption. These are disclosed below:

Staff absenteeism as a % of total working days

Energy consumption (kWh)

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

1.54%

8,761,747

1.67%

8,563,413

The average revenue per employee and the operating cash flow as a percentage of operating assets employed are indicative ratios 

used to monitor the revenue generation of the group relative to its fixed resources. The average revenue per employee continues to 

be high and indicates a strong underlying operating performance and high staff utilisation levels. Operating cash flow as a percentage 

of operating assets continues to demonstrate both strong working capital management and high levels of asset utilisation.

Adjusted EBITDA(1) is a traditional non-statutory measure used by the Board to monitor the ability of the group to generate cash.

Net funds are monitored by the Board as being indicative of the long-term financial stability of the group and to assist in directing 

capital investment decisions.

The net funds-to-equity percentage is indicative of the group’s strength and capacity for taking on additional finance as and when the 

need arises. A reconciliation of the movement in net funds during the year is provided on page 10.

The basic earnings per share (EPS) is the traditional ratio used by the group to monitor its performance relative to its equity base. 

This, in the long term, ultimately drives the share price and gives a good indication of how well the directors and staff are delivering 

the success of the company for the benefit of the members as a whole. The EPS increased this year by 19.4% from 30.87p in 2020 

to 36.85p in 2021, primarily due to the increase in operating profit resulting from the post-COVID-19 recovery and return to historic 
turnover levels. Achieving an EPS of 36.85p is regarded as an exceptional performance bettered only in 2018.

Operating profit
The consolidated operating profit was £20.1 million for the year under review, an increase of £3.7 million, or 23%, compared with last 

year’s operating profit of £16.4 million. Note 5 to the financial statements analyses these results by business segment and this can be 

summarised as follows:

Hire and sales UK

Hire and sales Europe

Hire and sales Middle East

UK installation business

Subtotal

Unallocated costs and eliminations

Consolidated operating profit

8

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£’000

15,419

5,225

301

236

21,181

(1,107)

20,074

£’000

11,496

3,566

2,026

249

17,337

(951)

16,386

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A review of the performance of each business sector is given in the operational performance section of this strategic report.

Operating profit in the current and prior period is after crediting furlough income that has been received from various government 

bodies to subsidise the cost of employing individuals whilst not in gainful employment, thereby avoiding the need to make them 

redundant. This has been disclosed on the face of the income statement as other operating income and within staff costs in note 9 

to the financial statements. This income has reduced employment costs, which would otherwise have been saved had the employees 

been made redundant. The amount received by business sector is as follows:

Hire and sales UK

Hire and sales Europe

UK installation business

Other operating income

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£’000

91

26

34

151

£’000

1,337

100

193

1,630

Adjusted EBITDA* as disclosed in these financial statements is reconciled to operating profit as below:

Adjusted EBITDA*

Depreciation and impairment losses

Depreciation of right-of-use assets

Profit on the sale of plant and equipment

 Profit on the sale of right-of-use assets

Operating profit

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£’000

28,946

(6,628)

(3,111)

840

27

20,074

£’000

26,089

(7,183)

(3,014)

450

44

16,386

*  Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation, profit on sale of property, plant and equipment, Amortisation and non-recurring items as reconciled 

on the consolidated income statement.

Net interest charge
The net interest charge for the current year is £575,000 compared with £553,000 in 2020. This can be analysed as follows:

Interest charge on bank loans and overdrafts

Interest charge on right-of-use lease liabilities

Interest receivable

Foreign exchange loss on inter-company balances

Net IAS 19 pension interest credit

Total net interest charge

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£’000

£’000

44

530

(9)

25

(15)

575

64

530

(71)

75

(45)

553

The interest charge on bank loans and overdrafts and interest receivable both continue to reflect low external interest rates in the 

primary economic environments in which the group operates.

The weighted average interest rate charged on the bank loans decreased from 1.38% last year to 1.20% in 2021, and the weighted 

average capital amount of the gross outstanding loans reduced from £3.7 million last year to £3.2 million. These two factors are 

reflected in the decrease in the bank loan interest shown above.

The interest charge on the right-of-use lease liabilities is due to the adoption of IFRS 16 on 1 January 2019 and is calculated based on 

the incremental borrowing rate. 

The average rate of interest receivable on short-term bank deposits decreased from last year’s level of 0.3% to 0.1%, this factor 

primarily explaining the decrease in interest receivable this year. 

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9

Strategic Report
Review of risks, uncertainties  
and financial performance (continued)

There was a net foreign exchange loss on inter-company balances this year of £25,000 compared with a loss of £75,000 last year. This 

reflects a strengthening of Sterling compared with the Euro and a weakening of Sterling compared with the UAE Dirham. The group’s 

policy continues to be to not hedge its international assets with respect to foreign currency balance sheet translation exposure.

The net IAS 19 pension interest credit has been calculated by the group’s actuary based on the assumptions as set out in note 17 to the 

financial statements. In accordance with IAS 19 (2011), the expected percentage return on assets has been limited to an equivalent rate 

used to discount the scheme’s liabilities. A net credit arises in both periods as the scheme has a surplus calculated in accordance with 

IAS 19 (2011) at the end of both the current and previous financial years.

Tax on profit on ordinary activities
The group’s tax charge on ordinary activities was £3,959,000 (2020: £2,813,000) resulting in an overall effective tax rate of 20.3% 

(2020: 17.8%), which is more than the standard effective tax rate in the UK for the current year of 19.0% (2020: 19.0%). A summary of 

the factors giving rise to this increase is given in the table below:

Profit before taxation

Theoretical tax charge at the UK effective tax rate of 19.0% 

Effects of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating abroad

Net overseas tax losses not recognised in deferred tax

Non tax-deductible expenses

Adjustments to prior periods

Movement in deferred tax on change in corporation tax rate

Total tax charge for the financial year

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£’000

19,499

3,705

(109)

84

536

(160)

(97)

3,959

£’000

15,833

3,008

(119)

33

125

(234)

—

2,813

A detailed reconciliation of the theoretical corporation tax charge based on the accounts profit multiplied by 19.0% and the actual tax 

charge is given in note 10 to the consolidated financial statements.

The prior year adjustment primarily relates to provision movements that were previously disallowed for tax purposes being included 

as allowed for tax deduction. Accordingly, these liabilities were released in the current year.

The deferred tax balances at both 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 have been calculated based on the substantively enacted 

rates that the directors anticipate will apply when the temporary differences are expected to reverse and, accordingly, a rate of 25% 
(2020: 19%) has been used. In the UK budget on 15 March 2021, the Chancellor announced that the rate of corporation tax in the UK 

would increase from its current level of 19% to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023. This has now been enacted by parliament and as 

such it will increase the amount of corporation tax payable in the UK in future years.

Profit for the financial year
Profit after tax for the financial year was £15,540,000 compared with £13,020,000 last year.

Basic earnings per share (EPS)
The basic earnings per share increased by 5.98p, or 19.4%, from 30.87p last year, to 36.85p in 2021. There were no dilutive instruments 

outstanding in either 2021 or 2020, and therefore there is no difference between the basic and diluted earnings per share figures.

10

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Cash flow from operating activities
The table below summarises the group’s cash flow from operating activities compared with the previous year:

Operating profit

Depreciation and profit on the sale of plant and equipment

Depreciation and profit on disposal of right-of-use assets

Adjusted EBITDA*

Pension scheme administration costs in excess of defined benefit pension scheme 

contributions

Interest paid

Tax paid

Net working capital movements

Net cash inflow from operating activities

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

£m

20.1

5.8

3.0

28.9

(1.2)

(0.6)

(3.7)

0.2

23.6

£m

16.4

6.7

3.0

26.1

(0.5)

(0.6)

(3.4)

0.7

22.3

*  Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation, profit on sale of property, plant and equipment, Amortisation and non-recurring items as reconciled 

on the consolidated income statement.

As demonstrated by the table above, the group continues to generate strong operating cash flows. 

As well as cost control, management of working capital continues to be a priority. Whilst trading activity levels have increased, working 

capital has remained comparable to prior year. Total outstanding debtor days at the year-end increased from 74 days at the end of 

2020 to 78 days at the end of the current year. Although still high in UK terms, the debtor day statistic in both years includes our 
subsidiary in the Middle East, whose debtor days were 220 days (2020: 225 days). The local economy remains badly affected by the 
coronavirus pandemic and slow-down in major construction projects. Consequently, debtor days have increased dramatically in this 

region compared to historic levels as payment terms were extended. The group’s average debtor days for current unimpaired debts 

increased slightly to 42 days from last year’s level of 35 days. 

Adequate provisions continue to be made for expected credit losses and impairment of trade debtors. In 2021, debts written off 

against the expected credit loss provision were £449,000 compared with £477,000 last year, and there was a net charge of £1,470,000 
(2020: £490,000) to the income statement from the expected credit loss provision, which was calculated on a consistent basis each 

year. Of these figures, £306,000 (2020: £456,000) of the debts written off and £1,204,000 (2020: £441,000) of the expected credit 

loss charge related to external debtors of our subsidiary in the Middle East.

Employer pension contributions of £1,320,000 (2020: £720,000) have been made by the group to the pension scheme in 2021. 
Pension scheme costs charged within administration expenses in the income statement in accordance with IAS 19 (2011) amounted to 

£120,000 (2020: £150,000), and there was also a charge in the prior year of £100,000 in respect of “Guaranteed Minimum Pension 

equalisation” regarding transfer values. Pensions are discussed in more detail on pages 14 and 15, and in note 17 to the financial 

statements.

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11

Strategic Report
Review of risks, uncertainties  
and financial performance (continued)

Net funds 
Net funds increased by £8.8 million from £7.7 million at 31 December 2020 to £16.5 million at 31 December 2021; this increase is after 

the cash distribution of £9.9m in dividend payments during 2021. The movement can be reconciled as follows:

12 months ended 

12 months ended 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

Opening net funds

Significant inflows:

Cash inflow from operating activities 

Sale of plant and equipment

Interest received

Significant outflows:

Capital expenditure 

Equity dividends paid

Significant non-cash movements:

Foreign exchange rate changes

Termination of right-of-use lease obligations

New IFRS 16 right-of-use lease obligations

Closing net funds

Comprises:

Bank loans net of loan finance costs

Cash at bank

Total cash reserves

IFRS 16 right-of-use lease obligations

Closing net funds

£m

7.7

23.5

1.2

—

(2.5)

(9.9)

(0.2)

—

(3.3)

16.5

(3.0)

32.4

29.4

(12.9)

16.5

£m

12.1

22.3

0.6

0.1

(4.2)

(19.4)

(0.1)

0.2

(3.9)

7.7

(3.5)

24.0

20.5

(12.8)

7.7

Foreign exchange rate changes include a loss on the reconversion of the group’s overseas cash balances of (£0.5) million and an 

exchange gain of £0.2 million on the reconversion of the element of the right-of-use lease obligations that are denominated in 

foreign currency.

The bank loan repayment profile is set out in note 23 to the financial statements. Interest is charged based on the three-month LIBOR 
rate plus a margin of 1.1%. The weighted average interest rate charged in the year was 1.20% (2020: 1.38%). Costs of raising loan 
finance are being amortised to the income statement over the period of the loan.

Management has been careful to ensure that the hire fleet is up to date and well-maintained in order to meet customer demand. 
Total cash spent on the hire fleet, property, plant and equipment and vehicles amounted to £2.5 million (2020: £4.2 million). Capital 
expenditure has been concentrated on hire fleet assets with high levels of utilisation and good rates of return as well as business 

development opportunities. Savings continue to be made in non-essential areas, and hire fleet maintenance and utilisation have 

been prioritised.

Bank loan facilities
The group continues to operate within its bank covenants. In April 2017, a bank loan of £5 million was taken out with the group’s 

bankers, Royal Bank of Scotland. This loan was repayable in four annual instalments of £0.5 million commencing 30 April 2018, 

followed by a balloon payment of £3 million on 30 April 2022. All instalments have all been made in accordance with the agreement 

and the group has operated within the agreed bank covenants. Interest is being charged at the three-month LIBOR rate plus a 

margin of 1.1%. 

Principal risks and uncertainties
The group’s principal risks are as follows:
Going concern
The Board remains satisfied with the group’s funding and liquidity position. The group has operated throughout the 2021 financial year 

within its financial covenants as contained in the bank agreement. We continue to make payments to our suppliers in accordance with 

our agreed terms and all fiscal payments to the UK and overseas government bodies have been and will continue to be made on time. 

12

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Post year-end the final balloon instalment on the external bank loan has been made and the loan is now fully repaid.

The directors are required to consider the application of the going concern concept when approving financial statements. The 

principal element required to meet the test is sufficient liquidity for a period from the end of the year until at least 12 months 

subsequent to the date of approving the accounts. Management has prepared a detailed “bottom-up” budget including profit and loss 

and cash flow for the financial year ending 31 December 2022, and has extrapolated this forward until the end of May 2023 in order to 

form a view of an expected trading and cash position for the required period. This base level forecast fully incorporates management’s 

expectations around the continued recovery of the group and was prepared on a cautiously realistic basis. This forecast takes into 

account specific factors relevant in each of our businesses. These 2022 forecasts have been reviewed and approved by the Board.

Whilst profitability and cash flow performance to the end of February 2022 has been close to expectation, in order to further assess 

the company’s ability to continue to trade as a going concern, management have performed an exercise to assess a reasonable worst-

case trading scenario and the impact of this on profit and cash. For the purposes of the cash forecast, only the below assumptions 

have been incorporated into this forecast:

 ● Normal level of dividends will be maintained during the 12 months subsequent to the date of approving the accounts;

 ● No new external funding sought;

 ● Hire turnover and product sales reduced by 12% versus budget—a similar variance when comparing 2021 actual results to 

2021 budgets; 

 ● All overheads continue at the base forecast level apart from overtime and commission and repairs and marketing, which are 

reduced by 5% and travel costs reduced by 2.5%;

 ● All current vacancies are filled immediately; and

 ● Capital expenditure is reduced by 5%.

The above factors have all been reflected in the forecast for the period ending 12 months subsequent to the date of approving the 

accounts. The headline numbers at a group level are as follows:

 ● Group turnover for the 12 months ending 31 December 2022 is forecast to be comparable to the 31 December 2021 figures. 

Operating profit is below the profit for 2021.

 ● Closing net funds as at the end of May 2023 are forecast to be below the level reported at 31 December 2021.

Under this reasonable worst-case scenario, the group has sufficient net funds throughout 2022 and up to the end of May 2023, to 

continue to operate as a going concern.

A final sensitivity analysis was performed in order to assess by how much group turnover could fall before further external financing 

would need to be sought. Under this scenario it was assumed that:

 ● Capital expenditure falls proportionately to turnover;

 ● Temporary staff are removed from the group; and

 ● Various overheads decrease proportionately with turnover. 

Given these assumptions, and for modelling purposes only, assuming dividends are maintained at normal levels, group turnover could 

fall to below £50 million on an annualised basis without any liquidity concerns. Due to the level of confidence the Board has in the 

future trading performance of the group, this scenario is considered highly unlikely to occur.

The group has considerable financial resources and a wide operational base. Based on the detailed forecast prepared by management, 

the Board has a reasonable expectation that the group has adequate resources to continue to trade for the foreseeable future even in 

the reasonable worst-case scenario identified by the group. Accordingly, the Board continues to adopt the going concern basis when 

preparing this Annual Report and Financial Statements.
Strategic risks
In common with all entities operating in a dynamic marketplace, the group faces a number of strategic risks. Management has 

developed long-term business plans to manage the impact of these risks to ensure that the group continues to deliver a satisfactory 

performance in future years. The main strategic risks faced by the business, together with the actions taken by management to 

mitigate their impact, are set out below. 

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13

Strategic Report
Review of risks, uncertainties  
and financial performance (continued)

Competition, product innovations and industry changes are regarded as the main strategic risks. These are mitigated by investment in 

new environmentally friendly, technologically advanced products and equipment, and providing service levels that are recognised as 

being among the best in the industry. Market research and customer satisfaction studies are undertaken to ensure that our products 

and services continue to meet the needs of our customers.

In order to remain competitive, management recognises the need to invest in appropriate IT equipment and software. Consequently, 

the communication network, website, data capture systems and customer relationship systems are all being constantly reviewed and 

updated to ensure they remain at the forefront of industry standards. The group has recently approved the upgrade of its existing IT 

systems and a group wide ERP system will be rolled out over the next few years. 

The potential impact of the weather has been reduced over the past few years by the expansion of our non-weather-related business. 

The group also has a diverse product range of pumps, heaters and air conditioning and environmental control equipment, which 

enables it to take maximum advantage of the opportunities presented by any extremes in weather conditions whenever they arise. 

This, combined with our policy of reducing fixed costs and linking them to a sustainable level of turnover, enables the group to achieve 

a satisfactory level of profits even in non-extreme weather conditions. 
Financial risks
There has been no change during the year, or since the year-end, to the type of financial risks faced by the group or the group’s 

management of those risks.

The key risks, which are discussed in more detail in note 28 to the consolidated financial statements, are:

 ● Interest rate risk;

 ● Market risk;

 ● Credit risk; and

 ● Funding and liquidity risk.
Pension scheme surplus 
As set out in note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, as at 31 December 2021, the pension scheme assets were £48.5 million 

which, after deducting the present value of the pension scheme liabilities of £42.3 million, calculated in accordance with IAS 19, 

results in a pre-tax surplus of £6.1 million. When assessing the appropriateness of the recognition of this surplus, the directors have 

considered the guidance in IAS 19 and IFRIC 14 and have concluded that because of the rights upon wind-up, it is appropriate to 

recognise this asset in the financial statements.

Management continues to work with the pension scheme trustees to maximise the return from the pension scheme assets and 

to match that return with the pension scheme liabilities as they crystallise in order to minimise the exposure to the group. The 

net surplus or deficit is sensitive to changes in assumptions, which are at least in part influenced by changes in external market 

conditions, and therefore, this area continues to be subject to management focus.

Andrews Sykes Group pension schemes
Defined benefit pension scheme
The group had, for many years, operated a defined benefit pension scheme for the benefit of the majority of its UK employees. This 

scheme provided a pension based on the employee’s final salary and length of service. This scheme was closed to new entrants on 

31 December 2002. Existing members are no longer eligible to make contributions to the scheme and no further pension liabilities 

accrue as a result of any future service.

The group has adopted the requirements of IAS 19 (2011) Employee Benefits and the scheme surplus has been calculated in 

accordance with the rules set out in the standard by an independent qualified actuary. The results were based on the last full actuarial 
valuation as at 31 December 2019 (2020: 31 December 2019) and have been rolled forward by an independent qualified actuary to 31 
December 2021. The net surplus, before deferred tax, at the year-end amounted to £6.1 million (2020: £0.5 million) and this has been 
recognised as a separate item, within non-current assets, on the face of the consolidated balance sheet. 

14

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A reconciliation of the surplus at the beginning of the year of £0.5 million to the surplus as at 31 December 2021 of £6.1 million is as 

follows:

Opening IAS 19 surplus recognised in the financial statements

Contributions paid by the group into the scheme

Actual return plus interest income on scheme assets

Actuarial gain on scheme liabilities

Net pension charge

Closing IAS 19 surplus recognised in the financial statements

£m

0.5

1.3

3.4

1.0

(0.1)

6.1

The assumptions adopted by the directors, including mortality assumptions and discount rates, used to arrive at the above surplus are 

set out in note 17 to the financial statements.

Defined benefit scheme funding valuation
The last triennial funding valuation was as at 31 December 2019. A draft funding valuation was presented to the Board of directors in 

early summer 2020, and the group made a one-off contribution of £600,000 in late May 2020 to largely eliminate the funding deficit 

as at 31 December 2019 as indicated by that draft valuation.

The formal 2019 funding valuation, including a revised schedule of contributions and recovery plan, was agreed between the pension 

scheme trustees and the Board of directors in March 2021 and was effective from 1 January 2021. In accordance with this schedule 

of contributions and recovery plan, the group will be making regular contributions of £110,000 per month for the period 1 January 

2021 to 31 December 2022, and £10,000 per month for the period 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2025, or until a revised schedule of 

contributions is agreed, if earlier. Consequently, the group expects to make total contributions to the pension scheme of £1,320,000 

during 2022.

Defined contribution pension scheme and auto enrolment
The group operates the Andrews Sykes Stakeholder Pension Plan, for which the majority of UK employees are eligible. The scheme is 

managed on behalf of the group by Legal & General. Both the employer and employee contributions vary, generally based upon the 

individual’s length of service with the company.

The group has adopted the requirements of auto enrolment for all eligible UK employees. 

Contributions for both existing members and members that have been auto enrolled are made to the same scheme. The employers’ 
contribution rates vary from 1% to 10%. The current period charge in the income statement amounted to £692,000 (2020: £457,000). 
Employee contribution rates are normally 5% with the employees having the option of increasing their contributions on a voluntary 

basis. The contributions are used to purchase a specific fund for the individual employee with both gains and losses from changes in 

the fund’s market value accruing to that employee.

Reconciliation of movement in group shareholders’ funds
Group shareholders’ funds have increased from £56.0 million at the beginning of the year to £63.6 million at 31 December 2021. The 

movement can be reconciled as follows:

Opening shareholders’ funds

Profit for the financial period

IAS 19 actuarial gain net of deferred tax

Dividends declared and paid during the year

Currency translation differences on foreign currency net investments

Closing shareholders’ funds

£m

56.0

15.5

2.9

(9.9)

(0.9)

63.6

Details of dividends declared and paid during the year are given in the directors’ report on page 18.

An analysis of the net IAS 19 actuarial gain of £2.9 million is given in note 17 to the consolidated financial statements.

The currency translation difference on foreign currency net investments arises on consolidation and is primarily due to movements in 

Sterling compared with the Euro and the UAE Dirham. During the current year, Sterling strengthened against the Euro, but weakened 

against the UAE Dirham, and the combined impact on the group’s foreign currency net investments was a loss of £0.9 million.

15

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Strategic Report
Review of risks, uncertainties  
and financial performance (continued)

Share buybacks
No shares were purchased for cancellation in 2021 and, to date, the company has not purchased any of its own shares for cancellation 

during 2022. In prior years, the company has purchased its own ordinary shares for cancellation and these purchases enhanced 

earnings per share and were for the benefit of all shareholders.

At the forthcoming 2022 Annual General Meeting, shareholders will be asked to vote in favour of a resolution to renew the general 

authority to make market purchases of up to 12.5% of the ordinary share capital in issue. Any purchases will only be made on the 

London Stock Exchange and they will only be bought back for cancellation provided they enhance earnings per share. If this resolution 

is passed, it should not be taken to imply that shares will be purchased but the Board believes that it is in the best interests of 

shareholders if it has this authority in order that market purchases may be made in the right circumstances if the necessary funds are 

available.

Directors’ duties
The directors of the company, as those of all UK companies, must act in accordance with a set of general duties. These duties are 

detailed in Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 and are summarised as follows:

A director of a company must act in the way he/she considers, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the 

company for the benefit of the shareholders as a whole, and in doing so, to have regard, amongst other matters, to:

 ● The likely consequences of any decision in the long term;

 ● The interests of the company’s employees;

 ● The need to foster the company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others;

 ● The impact of the company’s operations on the community and environment;

 ● The desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and

 ● The need to act fairly as between shareholders of the company.

As part of their induction, a director is briefed on his/her duties and he/she can access professional advice on these either from the 

company secretary or from an independent advisor. This support is available throughout the period a director holds office as well as 

on initial induction. The directors fulfil their duties partly through a governance framework. The company complies with the Quoted 

Companies Alliance (QCA) corporate governance code and details of compliance are set out in the corporate governance code on the 

company’s website.

The following paragraphs summarise how the directors fulfil their duties:
Risk management
We aim to provide dependable high-quality services to our business partners in the UK, Northern Europe and Middle East. We often 

provide business critical solutions to key businesses and are instrumental in helping our customers achieve their goals. As we expand 

our businesses, we face a number of challenges and risks, which the directors address on a daily basis. These risks, and how they are 
addressed, are summarised in the principal risks and uncertainties section of this strategic report on pages 12 to 14 and paragraph 4 of 

the corporate governance code on the company’s website.
Our employees
The company is committed to being a responsible employer. Our behaviour is aligned with the expectations of our employees and 

together we provide a first-class service to our clients, 24 hours per day, all year round. Further details of how we engage with our 

employees is given in the employee and other stakeholder engagement section of the directors’ report on page 20.

16

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Business relationships
Our business strategy prioritises organic growth. We regard customer relationships as being of the utmost importance and our 

key account customers, that account for approximately 50% of our business, are visited by a customer relationship manager on a 

quarterly basis to ensure we are meeting their expectations. The next largest 25% of customers are actively managed by desktop 

reviews supported by contact by telephone, and the remaining customers’ accounts are subject to periodic internal reviews to ensure 

no issues are apparent.

We employ a supply chain manager who is responsible to the directors for ensuring that suppliers are aware of our requirements and 

have sufficient resources and abilities to meet our demands. Key suppliers are met regularly on a face-to-face basis and there is a non-

conformance process in place. The company has certification to ISO 9001:2015.
Community and the environment
The group’s corporate policies are based on our ethical values and can be found on the “Our Policies” page on our website. In recent 

years, many of our product innovations have been focused on environmental improvements covering initiatives such as reduced 

emissions and fuel efficiency. We have a long list of accreditations, including ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001:2018, details of which 

can be found on the “Accreditations” page of the company’s website.

We pride ourselves in providing our staff with a good working environment within a strong ethical culture. The group’s HR policies are 

regularly reviewed by the senior operations team, are provided to all staff both on commencement of employment and are available at 

all times via a company intranet site. The group has a large number of long-serving staff members, many with 30-plus years’ service, 

which is a testament to our working culture. We engage with a number of community trusts and charities to offer opportunities to 

those who have had difficulties finding employment.
Business conduct
Our business strategy is to differentiate our services from those of our competitors by providing our customers with a first-class level 

of service 24 hours per day, all year round. Our reputation is among the best in the industry and means we are the employer and 

service provider of choice for many individuals and businesses alike.
Shareholders
The company is committed to openly engaging with our shareholders. The company has a controlling shareholder that owns 86.25% 

of the shares in issue and this shareholder has a number of representatives on the Board. A relationship agreement has been entered 

into with this shareholder (originally dated 10 December 1999 and updated on 21 September 2018), which confirms that the company’s 

business and affairs will be managed for the benefit of shareholders as a whole.

Further details of how the directors fulfil their obligations with shareholders are given in the corporate governance code on the 

company’s website.

Signed on behalf of the Board:

CD Webb 

Director 

3 May 2022 

St David’s Court

Union Street

Wolverhampton

WV1 3JE

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17

 
Directors’ Report

Principal activity
The principal activity of the group continues to be the hire, sale and installation of a range of equipment, including pumping, portable 

heating, air conditioning, drying and ventilation equipment. A review of the group’s activities and an indication of likely future 

developments are set out in the chairman’s statement and the strategic report on pages 2 to 17.

The principal activity of the company is that of an investment holding company.

Financial management objectives and policies
Financial management objectives and policies are discussed in the strategic report on pages 8 to 17.

Results and equity dividends
The results for the financial year are set out in the consolidated income statement on page 35.

The company paid two dividends during the year. On 18 June 2021, a final dividend for the year ended 31 December 2020 of 

11.50 pence per ordinary share was paid to shareholders on the register on 28 May 2021. This was followed by an interim dividend for 

2021 of 11.90 pence per ordinary share, which was paid on 5 November 2021 to shareholders on the register on 8 October 2021. Total 
dividend payments made during the year amounted to £9,869,000 (2020: £19,442,000).

The Board has decided to propose a final dividend of 12.50 pence per share. If approved at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting, 

this dividend, which in total amounts to £5.27 million, will be paid on 17 June 2022 to shareholders on the register as at 27 May 2022.

Directors
The directors in office at 3 May 2022 are shown on page 22. 

On 27 January 2021, Mr PT Wood passed away after a short illness with COVID-19. Paul had worked for the company since 1978 when 

he joined from school as an apprentice. He rose to the top of the business with exemplary leadership skills and he has delivered 

excellent and consistent returns for shareholders.

On 5 March 2021, the Board appointed Mr CD Webb as Group Managing Director. Carl is an industry specialist and has been the 

Managing Director of the group’s UK business for the past 15 years, working closely with Paul Wood during that period. 

In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association, Mr JJ Murray, Mr AJ Kitchingman and Mr EDOA Sebag also retire by 

rotation and, being eligible, will offer themselves for re-election at the forthcoming 2022 Annual General Meeting.

Directors’ interests
Other than the beneficial interests disclosed below, no director in office at 31 December 2021 had any disclosable interests in share 

capital of the company or any subsidiary undertaking.

JG Murray

JJ Murray

JP Murray

Ordinary one pence shares

At 31 December 

At 31 December 

2021

298,749

231,800

1,160,886

2020

298,749

231,800

1,160,886

There were no changes to the above shareholdings between 31 December 2021 and 3 May 2022 or the date of resignation, if earlier.

Substantial shareholdings
At 4 May 2021, the company had been notified of the following interest of 3% or more in the company’s issued ordinary share capital:

EOI Sykes Sarl

Number

36,377,213

Percentage

86.25%

Directors’ share options
None of the directors in office at 31 December 2021 held any options to subscribe for ordinary shares at either 31 December 2021 

or 31 December 2020. There have been no changes in the directors’ share options during the period from 31 December 2021 to 

3 May 2022.

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Health, safety and the environment

Andrews Sykes Group plc aims to achieve world-class performance in health and safety by providing our staff with a safe environment 

in which to work, thereby helping to eliminate injuries and work-related ill health. Health and safety officers are appointed at each 

location and receive periodic training to keep abreast of both legislative requirements and technological advances. This is further 

enhanced with regular internal audits by our own fully qualified health and safety managers, along with training, induction and 

awareness programmes for our staff.

The group aims to continually improve its performance in order to meet changing business and regulatory requirements, to minimise 

the effect of our activities on the environment, and to provide products and services that fully and consistently meet the requirements 

of our customers, both now and in the future. In the UK, the group has met the mandatory requirements of the Energy Savings 

Opportunity Scheme (ESOS) and also has certification to the ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, CEMARS (in accordance with ISO 14064-

1:2006) and ISO 45001:2018 standards. In the UAE, the group has certification to ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 14001:2015.

SECR disclosures

These disclosures have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the measure-step of the CEMARS programme, which is 

based on the Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (2004) and ISO 14064-1:2006 Specification 

with Guidance at the Organisation Level for Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals. Where relevant, 

the disclosures are aligned with industry or sector best practice for emissions measurement and reporting.

The data reported is for Andrews Sykes Hire Limited. The parent company consumes less than 40MWh of energy per year and is, 

therefore, exempt from providing full disclosure in this directors’ report.
GHG emissions and energy use for period 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021

Emissions from activities for which the company own or control including combustion 
of fuel & operation of facilities tCO2e (Scope 1)
Emissions from purchase of electricity, heat, steam and cooling purchased for own 

use tCO2e (Scope 2, location-based)
Total gross Scope 1 & Scope 2 emissions tCO2e
Energy consumption used to calculate above emissions (kWh)

 Gas (kWh)

 Electricity (kWh)

 Transport fuels (kWh)

 Other energy sources (Scope 1 & 2)
Total gross Scope 1 & Scope 2 emissions by unit turnover/revenue (tCO2e/£M)
Methodology

Emissions from other activities tCO2e (Scope 3): Electricity

Emissions from other activities tCO2e (Scope 3): Waste

Emissions from other activities tCO2e (Scope 3): Transport — other

Total gross Scope 3 emissions tCO2e
Total gross Scope 1, Scope 2 & Scope 3 emissions tCO2e
Total gross GHG emissions per unit turnover/revenue (tCO2e/£M)
Third Party verification

1 January 2021 to 

1 January 2020 to 

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

1,961.59

2,123.92

185.73

2,147.32

8,761,747.42

595,747.00

874,718.00

7,291,282.42

N/A

41.46

199.60

2,323.52

8,563,412.94

448,431.00

856,149.00

7,258,832.94

N/A

54.98

ISO14064 Part 1 

ISO14064 Part 1 2018 

2018 and CEMARS

and CEMARS

16.44

N/A

1.99

18.43

2,165.74

44.38

17.17

N/A

0.69

17.86

2,341.38

55.40

Verified to 

Verified to ISO14064 

ISO14064 Part 1 

Part 1 2018 and 

2018 and CEMARS

CEMARS

Energy efficiency action
In accordance with our efforts to mitigate and control our emissions, we have the following initiatives in operation in the business.

We continue to invest in hybrid vehicles with our transport fleet where possible.

Fuel consumption is constantly monitored by our internal transport department to measure performance throughout the businesses.

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Directors’ Report

Awareness training is given to all staff on driving behaviours whilst vehicles are fitted with tracking software that enables the 

management of vehicle routes, idling times, and efficient driving style and behaviour in order to optimise fuel consumption.

In our depots, we continue to fit LED lighting with PIR sensor technology as depots are refurbished and maintained to reduce 

energy consumption.

In our business we saw a reduction in travel during 2020 with the impact of the pandemic on minimising travel. This has been a 

feature of all businesses but we have seen an increase in meetings carried via on line conferences — thus mitigating the need for travel 

and reducing fuel consumption accordingly. We have maintained this change into 2021.

In our hire fleet, continued investments in environmentally friendly equipment continues to be a feature of our product design and 

specification to drive investment in a fleet that is environmentally friendly.

Employment of disabled persons

The group makes every reasonable effort to give disabled applicants and existing employees who become disabled equal opportunities 

for work, training and career development in keeping with their individual aptitudes and abilities.

Employee and other stakeholder engagement

The group operates a training and development programme for its employees. By improving employee skill levels, the group aims to 

encourage staff retention and provide opportunities for internal promotion. Regular personal development reviews are conducted, 

with training and development plans being devised for each employee. Employees also have access to third-party assistance to provide 

them with support on personal issues.

The group recognises the need to ensure effective communications with employees to encourage involvement in the group’s 

performance and achieve a common awareness of factors affecting that performance. Policies and procedures have been developed 

to suit the needs of each subsidiary undertaking, taking into account factors such as numbers employed and location, including 

newsletters and communication meetings. Team talks are held regularly with departmental heads and any issues raised are noted, 

followed up and action taken as appropriate.

Externally, the group has strong relationships with a number of key suppliers; many of these relationships have been in place for 

10 years or more. Regular meetings are held with these suppliers to ensure that relationships are optimised, with new innovation high 

on the agenda. We communicate with our customers in many ways and channel feedback via a line management structure, which 

is much flatter than many companies within our sector. Customer communication ranges from social media through to high-level 

contract reviews. Customer feedback is monitored by senior management on a regular basis. Executive and non-executive directors 

communicate with shareholders directly and make themselves available for such meetings.

Corporate governance

The group has chosen to apply the Quoted Companies Alliance (“QCA”) corporate governance code (the “code”) following the change to 

the AIM Rules for Companies in September 2018, which required AIM companies to comply with a recognised corporate governance code.

The company’s corporate governance disclosures are included on the company’s website, www.andrews-sykes.com. 

Special business

Four resolutions are to be proposed at the forthcoming 2022 Annual General Meeting as special business: resolutions 7 and 8 as 

ordinary resolutions and resolutions 9 and 10 as special resolutions. Notice of the 2022 Annual General Meeting (including the full text 

of each of these three resolutions) is set out in a separate document being sent to all shareholders of the company.

Two resolutions, numbered 7 and 9, will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting. Resolution 7 would confer general authority 

on the directors to allot or to grant options over ordinary shares up to a maximum nominal value of £63,261 (representing 15% of 

the company’s existing issued share capital) as they see fit. Resolution 9 would additionally empower the directors to allot equity 

securities for cash (and disapply existing shareholders’ pre-emption rights in relation to any such allotment) in connection with a 

rights offering to existing shareholders that does not comply in all respects with the statutory pre-emption rights or otherwise up to a 

maximum nominal value of £63,261. The authority and power granted to the directors under both resolutions would expire at the 2023 

Annual General Meeting (or if sooner, 15 months after the passing of the relevant resolution).

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Resolution numbered 8 would, if approved at the Annual General Meeting, renew the annual authority of the directors to make 

market purchases of the company’s own shares of up to a maximum of 5,271,794 ordinary shares of 1p each, representing 12.5% of the 

current ordinary issued share capital. This authority would then enable the directors to carry out the strategy of making own market 

purchases to increase shareholder value as set out in the strategic report on page 16.

Resolution numbered 10 seeks shareholder approval to revise the Articles of Association as per The Companies (Model Articles) 

Regulations 2008 Schedule 3 to enable the ability to operate a full or partial electronic AGM, enable the ability to withdraw cheque as 

a payment option but retain cash payments where bank details are not provided and amend Article 36 relating to untraced members 

to reflect modern best practice.

Purchase of own shares 

The company did not purchase any of its own ordinary shares for cancellation during the period from 1 January 2021 to 3 May 2022. 

Accordingly, as at 3 May 2022, there remained an outstanding general authority for the directors to purchase 5,271,794 ordinary 

shares that was granted at the Annual General Meeting held on 15 June 2021. The directors are seeking to renew the general authority 

in respect of 5,271,794 ordinary shares as set out in resolution number 8. 
Recommendation
Your directors unanimously recommend that shareholders vote in favour of the resolutions to be proposed at the Annual General 

Meeting of the company, as they intend to do in respect of their own beneficial holdings amounting to 1,691,435 ordinary shares 

representing approximately 4.01% of the current issued ordinary shares. 

Directors’ and officers’ liability insurance

Directors’ and officers’ third-party indemnity insurance is in place for all directors and officers in office as at 31 December 2021 and 

subsequently. 

Financial risks

Financial risks are discussed in the strategic report under the principal risks and uncertainties section on page 12.

Post balance sheet event

The directors are not aware of any material post balance sheet events.

Foreign branches

The company does not have any foreign branches outside the UK.

Auditor

Grant Thornton UK LLP has expressed its willingness to continue in office as auditor and a resolution to reappoint them will be 

proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

In the case of each of the persons who are directors of the company at the date when this report was approved:

 ● so far as each director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company’s auditor is unaware; and

 ● the directors have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of any relevant 

audit information and to establish that the company’s auditor is aware of that information.

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of s418 of the Companies Act 2006.

Signed on behalf of the Board:

JJ Murray 

St David’s Court

Vice–Chairman 

Union Street

Wolverhampton

3 May 2022 

WV1 3JE

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21

 
 
Directors and Advisors

Non-executive Chairmen

Company Secretary

JG Murray — Chairman

IS Poole FCA

Age 102. Chairman of London Security plc, Nu 

Appointed Company Secretary on 25 June 2021. 

Swift Limited and Ansul S.A. Mr Murray has a long 

Finance Director for the Group.

successful history in the industrial services sector.

JJ Murray MBA — Vice-Chairman

Age 55. Chairman of the Remuneration Committee. 

Executive Vice-Chairman of London Security plc, Nu 

Swift Limited and Ansul S.A.

Executive director

CD Webb

Age 55. Managing Director. Industry specialist, having 

managed the group’s UK hire and sales business for 

the last 15 years. Appointed Group Managing Director 

on 5 March 2021.

Non-executive directors

AJ Kitchingman FCA

Age 57. Appointed senior independent non-executive 

director on 10 July 2018. Chairman of the Audit 

Committee and member of the Remuneration 

Committee. Chairman of Mpac Group plc.

MC Leon BS

Age 58. Non-executive director of London 

Security plc.

X Mignolet (HEC-Economics)

Age 57. Director of London Security plc,

Ansul S.A. and Importex S.A. Member of the Audit 

Committee.

JP Murray

Age 53. Non-executive director of London 
Security plc. 

EDOA Sebag MBA

Age 54. Director of London Security plc and Nu Swift 

Limited. Member of the Remuneration Committee.

Registered Office and Company Number

St David’s Court

Union Street

Wolverhampton 

West Midlands

WV1 3JE

Company number: 00175912

Registrar

Equiniti Limited

Aspect House

Spencer Road

Lancing

West Sussex

BN99 6DA

Nominated Advisor

Houlihan Lokey UK Limited

1 Curzon Street

London

W1J 5HD

Stockbroker 

Arden Partners plc

125 Old Broad Street

London

EC2N 1AR

Auditor 

Grant Thornton UK LLP

17th Floor

103 Colmore Row

Birmingham

B3 3AG

Bankers

Royal Bank of Scotland plc

National Westminster Bank plc

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Statement of Directors’ 
Responsibilities in respect  
of the Annual Report and 
Financial Statements

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and 

regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law, the directors have to 

prepare the group financial statements in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards and the parts of the 

Companies Act 2006 that applies to companies applying UK-adopted international accounting standards and have elected to prepare 

the company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom 

Accounting Standards and applicable law, including FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic 

of Ireland”). Under company law, the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give 

a true and fair view of the state of affairs and profit or loss of the company and group for that period. In preparing these financial 

statements, the directors are required to:

 ● select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

 ● make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

 ● for the group financial statements, state whether applicable UK-adopted international accounting standards and the parts of the 

Companies Act 2006 that applies to companies applying UK-adopted international accounting standards have been followed, 

subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

 ● for the company financial statements, state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any 

material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and

 ● prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in 

business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company’s 

transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that 

the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company 

and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the company’s 

website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from 

legislation in other jurisdictions.

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23

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the members of Andrews Sykes 
Group plc

Opinion

Our opinion on the financial statements is unmodified
We have audited the financial statements of Andrews Sykes Group plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) for 

the year ended 31 December 2021, which comprise the Consolidated Income Statement, Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 

Income, the Consolidated Balance Sheet, the Consolidated Cash Flow Statement, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, 

the Company Balance Sheet, the Company Statement of Changes in Equity and notes to the financial statements, including a 

summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the 

group financial statements is applicable law and UK-adopted international accounting standards. The financial reporting framework 

that has been applied in the preparation of the parent company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom 

Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and 

Republic of Ireland’ (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion:

 ● the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 

December 2021 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended;

 ● the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards;

 ● the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 

Accounting Practice; and

 ● the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 

responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ 

section of our report. We are independent of the group and the parent company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are 

relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we 

have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have 

obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

We are responsible for concluding on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on 

the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on 

the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are 
required to draw attention in our report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to 

modify the auditor’s opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our report. However, future 

events or conditions may cause the group or the parent company to cease to continue as a going concern.

Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern 

basis of accounting included: 

 ● Obtaining the director’s base case forecasts covering the period to the end of May 2023. We assessed how these forecasts were 

compiled and challenged the accuracy of management’s forecasts;

 ● Assessing the reliability of the director’s forecasting by comparing the accuracy of the actual financial performance to forecast 

information obtained in the prior period;

 ● Evaluating and challenging the underlying assumptions incorporated into the director’s downside scenario; 

 ● Evaluating the results of the reverse stress test performed by management; 

 ● Evaluating management’s sensitivity analysis on key inputs to determine the impact of reasonably possible movements; and

 ● Assessing the adequacy of the going concern disclosures included within note 1 of the financial statements

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In our evaluation of the directors’ conclusions, we considered the inherent risks associated with the group’s and the parent company’s 

business model including effects arising from macro-economic uncertainties such as Brexit and Covid-19, we assessed and challenged 

the reasonableness of estimates made by the directors and the related disclosures and analysed how those risks might affect the 

group’s and the parent company’s financial resources or ability to continue operations over the going concern period.  

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, 

individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern 

for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 

preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. 

The responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the ‘Responsibilities of directors for the financial 

statements’ section of this report.

Our approach to the audit

Overview of our audit approach
Overall materiality: 

Group: £975,000, which represents 5% of the group’s profit before tax.

Parent company: £455,000, which represents approximately 1% of the parent company’s total assets.

Key audit matters were identified as 

 ● Accuracy and completeness of revenue related deductions (new in the year, but refines the prior 

year key audit matter being occurrence of hire revenue generated from continuous hire invoices 

raised in the final quarter of the year); and

 ● Accuracy of the defined benefit pension liability assumptions (same as previous year).

Our auditor’s report for the year ended 31 December 2020 did not include any key audit matters that 

have not been reported as key audit matters in our current year’s report

Materiality

Key audit
matters

Scoping

We performed an audit of the financial information of the component using component materiality 

(full-scope audit) for certain group components in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands the United 

Arab Emirates and for the parent company. 

We performed an audit of one or more account balances, classes of transactions or disclosures of the 

component (specific-scope audit) for components in Italy and Belgium.

We performed analytical procedures on the financial information of other group components in  France, 

Luxembourg, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 

We issued instructions to component auditors Grant Thornton Netherlands and Grant Thornton UAE in 

respect of their procedures on the financial information of the group components.

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25

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the members of Andrews Sykes 
Group plc

Key audit matters (“KAM”)

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, 

were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the 

current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material 

Description

Audit response

misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified. These 

matters included those that had the greatest effect on: the overall audit 

strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts 

of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context 

of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our 

opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these 

KAM

matters.

Disclosures

Key observations

In the graph below, we have presented the key audit matters and significant risks relevant to the audit and going concern.

High

Potential
financial
statement
impact

Low

Low

Going concern 

Management 
override of controls 

Accuracy and completeness 
of revenue related deductions

Accuracy of defined benefit
pension liability assumptions

Extent of management judgement

High

KEY AUDIT MATTER

SIGNIFICANT RISK

GOING CONCERN

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Key Audit Matter — Group

How our scope addressed the  
matter — Group

Accuracy and completeness of revenue 
related deductions

In responding to the key audit matter, we performed the 

following audit procedures:

We identified the accuracy and completeness of revenue related 

deductions as one of the most significant assessed risks of 

material misstatement due to fraud.

Under International Standards on Auditing (UK) 240: ‘The 

Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Fraud in an Audit of 

Financial Statements’, there is a rebuttable presumed risk that 

revenue may be misstated due to the improper recognition of 

revenue.

 ● Evaluating the design effectiveness of relevant controls;

 ● Testing a sample of revenue deductions or credit notes issued 

to customers in the period to determine whether they were 

related to rebate arrangements and whether a provision for 

rebates was made at year end;

 ● Testing a sample of customer deductions recorded during 

the year and rebate provisions at the year end by agreeing to 

supporting documentation including contractual agreements 

as well as subsequent cash payment or a credit note issued 

Incomplete or inaccurate revenue recognition could have an 

to the customer; 

adverse impact on the group’s profitability, net asset value, 

earnings per share, and its level of dividend cover. 

We deemed the significant risk of fraud in revenue recognition 

to be in respect of the accuracy and completeness of revenue 

related deductions recorded including customer rebate 

arrangements and year end credit note provisioning. Both 

 ● Testing a sample of new customers and related rebate 

agreements entered into within the year and challenging as 

to whether a rebate provision was in place for these items 

at the year end. We inspected credit notes or cash payments 

after the year end to determine if post year-end activity was 

indicative of an unrecorded arrangement;

of these areas are considered to be most susceptible to 

 ● Testing a sample of post year end credit notes and agreeing 

manipulation by management in close proximity to the year end 

details to the related invoice, and if relating to the current 

where there may be an incentive to overstate revenue, which is a 

year, testing the related completeness and accuracy of the 

key performance indicator for the group

corresponding provision; and

 ● Testing a sample of items from the off-hire records in close 

proximity to the year end. For the off-hire transactions we 

obtained a copy of the respective off-hire invoice to ensure 

that the revenue had been recognised in the correct period.

Relevant disclosures in the Annual Report 
and Accounts 2021
Financial statements: Accounting policies; Revenue recognition

Our results
Based on our audit work, we did not identify evidence of material 

misstatement in relation to the accuracy and completeness of 
revenue related deductions.

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27

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the members of Andrews Sykes 
Group plc

Key Audit Matter — Group

How our scope addressed the  
matter — Group

Accuracy of defined benefit pension 
liability assumptions

In responding to the key audit matter, we performed the 

following audit procedures:

We identified the accuracy of defined benefit pension liability 

 ● Documenting our understanding of management’s process 

assumptions as one of the most significant assessed risks of 

and methodology used for valuing the defined benefit 

material misstatement due to error.

pension scheme;

The group operates a defined benefit pension scheme that 

 ● Evaluating the design effectiveness of relevant controls;

provides benefits to a number of current and former employees. 

 ● Testing the accuracy and completeness of the data and 

At 31 December 2021 the defined benefit pension scheme’s 

inputs used in the year-end valuation through agreeing these 

net surplus was £6.1m. The gross value of the pension scheme 

into reports provided by the scheme administrators; and

liabilities amounted to £42.3m.

The valuation of the pension liability assumptions in accordance 

with International Accounting Standard (‘IAS’) 19 ‘Employee 

benefits’ involves significant judgement and is subject to various 

actuarial assumptions, including the longevity and mortality 

rates, the discount rate and the inflation rate. Small variations 

in these actuarial assumptions can lead to a materially 

different defined benefit pension scheme asset or liability being 

recognised within the group financial statements.

 ● Using the work of an auditor’s expert to challenge the 

key assumptions used, including longevity and mortality 

rates, discount rates and inflation rates and assessing the 

calculation methods employed in the calculation of the 

pension liability. 

Relevant disclosures in the Annual Report 
and Accounts 2021
Financial statements: Note 17, Retirement benefit pension 

Our results
Based on our audit work, we did not identify evidence of 

material misstatement in the accuracy of defined benefit 

schemes.

pension assumptions.

Accounting policies; Defined benefit scheme

Our application of materiality
We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing the audit, and in evaluating the effect of identified misstatements 

on the audit and of uncorrected misstatements, if any, on the financial statements and in forming the opinion in the auditor’s report.

Materiality was determined as follows:

Materiality 
measure

Materiality 
for financial 
statements as a 
whole

Group

Parent company

We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements that, individually 

or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of the users 

of these financial statements. We use materiality in determining the nature, timing and extent of our 

audit work.

Materiality threshold

£975,000, which represents 5% of profit before 

£455,000, which represents approximately 

taxation. 

1% of total assets. 

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Materiality 
measure

Group

Parent company

Significant judgements 

In determining materiality, we considered this 

In determining materiality, we considered this 

made by auditor 

benchmark as the most appropriate because this is 

benchmark as the most appropriate as we 

in determining the 

the key performance measure used by the directors 

consider that it reflects the Company’s status 

materiality

to report to investors on the financial performance 

as a non-trading holding Company.

of the group.

Materiality for the current year is lower than 

Materiality for the current year is higher than the 

the level we determined for the year ended 

level determined for the year ended 31 December 

31 December 2020 to reflect the Company’s 

2020 to reflect the group’s improved performance 

decreased asset base in the current year.

and increased profit before tax.

Performance 
materiality used 
to drive the extent 
of our testing

We set performance materiality at an amount less than materiality for the financial statements as a 

whole to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and 

undetected misstatements exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole.

Performance materiality 

£731,250, which is 75% of financial statement 

£341,250, which is 75% of financial statement 

threshold

materiality.

materiality.

Significant judgements 

In determining materiality, we made the significant 

In determining materiality, we made the 

made by auditor 

judgement of setting performance materiality at 

significant judgement of setting performance 

in determining the 

75% since there were no material adjustments 

materiality at 75% since there were no 

materiality

identified in the prior year audit, the group has a 

material adjustments identified in the prior 

strong control environment, and management is 

year audit, the company has a strong control 

suitably qualified and experienced.

environment, and management is suitably 

qualified and experienced.

Specific 
materiality

We determine specific materiality for one or more particular classes of transactions, account 

balances or disclosures for which misstatements of lesser amounts than materiality for the financial 

statements as a whole could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users 

taken on the basis of the financial statements.

Specific materiality 

We determined a lower level of specific materiality 

We determined a lower level of specific 

for the following areas:

Directors’ remuneration

materiality for the following areas:

Directors’ remuneration

Related party transactions outside of the normal 

Related party transactions outside of the 

course of business

normal course of business

We determine a threshold for reporting unadjusted differences to the audit committee.

£48,750 and misstatements below that threshold 

£22,750 and misstatements below that 

that, in our view, warrant reporting on qualitative 

threshold that, in our view, warrant reporting 

grounds.

on qualitative grounds.

Communication 
of misstatements 
to the audit 
committee

Threshold for 

communication

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29

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the members of Andrews Sykes 
Group plc

The graph below illustrates how performance materiality interacts with our overall materiality and the tolerance for potential 

uncorrected misstatements

Overall materiality – Group

Overall materiality – Parent company

Profit before
taxation
£19,499,00

FSM
£975,250
5%

PM
£731,000
75%

TFPUM
£243,750
25%

Total assets
£45,695,000

FSM
£455,000
1%

PM
£341,250
75%

TFPUM
£113,750
25%

FSM: Financial statements materiality, PM: Performance materiality, TFPUM: Tolerance for potential uncorrected misstatements.

An overview of the scope of our audit
We performed a risk-based audit that requires an understanding of the group’s and the parent company’s business and in particular 

matters related to:
Understanding the group, its components, and their environments, including group-wide 
controls
 ● The group’s accounting process is primarily resourced through a central function within the United Kingdom, with local finance 

functions in the Netherlands, the United Arab Emirates, Italy and France. Each local finance function reports into the central 

group finance function based at the group’s head office. The engagement team obtained an understanding of the group and its 

environment, including group-wide controls, and assessed the risks of material misstatement at the group level.

 ● We documented our understanding of the group’s processes and controls over the following areas of identified audit risk and 

performed walkthroughs on these controls to confirm they are designed effectively:

 ● Accuracy and completeness of revenue related deductions;

 ● Accuracy of defined benefit pension liability assumptions; and

 ● Management override of controls

Identifying significant components
 ● Component significance was determined based on their relative share of key group financial metrics including revenue, 

underlying profit before tax and assets for hire. For significant components requiring a full scope audit approach, we  obtained 

an understanding of the relevant controls over the entity-specific financial reporting systems identified as well as the centralised 

financial reporting system as part of our risk assessment. 

Type of work to be performed on financial information of parent and other components 
(including how it addressed the key audit matters)
 ● For all significant risks and key audit matters identified, the group engagement team obtained an understanding of the relevant 

controls that management have implemented over the related processes.

 ● For components classified as “individually financially significant to the group”, an audit of the financial information of the 

component using component materiality (full-scope audit) was performed. The components which fell into this scope were; 

Andrews Sykes Hire Limited,  Andrews Sykes BV.

 ● An audit of financial information using component materiality (full-scope audit) was also performed for the parent company and 

Khansaheb Sykes LLC.

 ● Specific-scope audit procedures were performed within Noloclimat S.R.L and Andrews Sykes BVBA. Procedures to obtain assurance 

over the existence of cash and cash equivalents within Andrews Sykes BVBA and Noloclimat S.R.L were performed. Procedures to 

obtain assurance over the financial statement level risk of management override of controls were performed over Noloclimat S.R.L.

 ● Analytical procedures were performed for all other components.

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Performance of our audit
 ● In order to address the audit risks identified during our planning procedures the audit of the financial information of the 

component Andrews Sykes Hire Limited was completed by the group engagement team using component materiality (full-scope 

audit). The group engagement team also performed a full-scope audit of the group’s parent company, Andrews Sykes Group plc; 

 ● We issued group instructions to component auditors in respect of their full scope audit of Andrew Sykes BV (Netherlands) as well 

as in respect of their full scope audit of Khansaheb Sykes LLC (United Arab Emirates).

 ● The financial information of the remaining operations of the group in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Switzerland and 

Luxembourg were subjected to analytical procedures carried out by the group engagement team. 

 ● Alongside these procedures, the group engagement team also evaluated the group’s internal control environment including both 

general and IT-based systems and controls.

 ● The group engagement team visited the significant components in the United Kingdom, with component audit teams also visiting 

locations in the Netherlands and UAE. The remainder of the work performed on the overseas components was performed remotely. 

We held detailed discussions with the component teams, including remote reviews of the work performed, update calls on the 

progress of their fieldwork and by attending the component audit clearance meetings with component management via video call.

 ● Our full-scope  audit procedures provided coverage of 78% of the group’s consolidated equipment for hire, 83% of the group’s 

consolidated revenues and 90% of the group’s consolidated profit before taxation.

 ● To add unpredictability to our group scoping and risk assessment, the group engagement team also carried our procedures 

in respect of Noloclimat S.R.L relating to management override of controls and confirming the existence of cash, as well as 

procedures to confirm the existence of cash in respect of Andrews Sykes BVBA.

Audit approach

Full-scope audit

Analytical procedures

No. of 

coverage of 

coverage 

coverage of profit 

components

equipment for hire

of revenue

before taxation

4

16

78%

22%

84%

16%

83%

17%

Communications with component auditors
 ● Detailed audit instructions were issued to the component auditors of the significant reporting components where a full scope 

approach had been determined to be required, except for those significant components where the audit was carried out by the 

group engagement team. The instructions highlighted the significant risks to be addressed through the audit procedures and 

detailed the information that were required to be reported to the group engagement team. 

 ● The group engagement team conducted a review of the work performed by the component auditor, and communicated with the 

component auditor throughout the planning, fieldwork and concluding stages of the group audit. 

 ● All component auditors used were part of the Grant Thornton International Limited (GTIL) network.

Changes in approach from previous period
 ● The scope of the current year’s audit was similar to that in the prior year, other than to add unpredictability to our group scoping 

and risk assessment. To add unpredictability to our group scoping and risk assessment, the group audit team also carried out 

procedures in respect of a subsidiary in Italy relating to management override of controls.

 ● Andrews Sykes BV became a component which required a full-scope audit based on its revenues in the period, compared to a 

specific-scope being performed in the prior period. 

Other information
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual 

report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover 

the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance 

conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 

whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or 

otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are 

required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other 

information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we 

are required to report that fact. 

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31

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the members of Andrews Sykes 
Group plc

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Our opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 is unmodified
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

 ● the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the financial statements 

are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

 ● the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matter on which we are required to report under the Companies Act 2006
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment obtained in the course of 

the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you 

if, in our opinion:

 ● adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 

from branches not visited by us; or

 ● the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

 ● certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or

 ● we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit

Responsibilities of directors for the financial statements
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial 

statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is 

necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the parent company’s ability 

to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 

accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic 

alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 

misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high 

level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement 

when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could 
reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s 

website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting 
irregularities, including fraud
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 

responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. Owing to the inherent 

limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that material misstatements in the financial statements may not be detected, even 

though the audit is properly planned and performed in accordance with ISAs (UK). 

The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

 ● We determined the most significant legal and regulatory frameworks which are directly relevant to specific assertions in the 

financial statements are those related to the reporting framework, including UK-adopted international accounting standards, FRS 

102, the AIM Rules for Companies, the Companies Act 2006 and the relevant taxation regulations in the jurisdictions in which the 

parent company and group operate. 

32

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 ● We obtained an understanding of how the parent company and the group are complying with those legal and regulatory 

frameworks by making inquiries of management, those responsible for legal and compliance procedures, and the company 

secretary. We corroborated our inquiries through our review of Board minutes.

 ● We assessed the susceptibility of the parent company’s and the group’s financial statements to material misstatement, including 

how fraud might occur, by considering management’s incentives and opportunities for manipulation of the financial statements. 

This included the evaluation of the risk of management override of controls. We determined that the principal risks were in relation 

to the estimation and judgemental areas with a risk of fraud, including potential management bias,  deductions made to revenue 

and  management override of controls.

 ● Our audit procedures included:

 − Making inquiries of management concerning the parent company’s and the group’s policies and procedures relating to the 

identification, evaluation and compliance with laws and regulations; the detection and response to the risks of fraud; and the 

establishment of internal controls to mitigate risks related to fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations. 

 − Making inquiries of  management and those charged with governance of whether they were aware of any instances of non-

compliance with laws and regulations, and whether they had any knowledge of actual, suspected, or alleged fraud.  We 

corroborated the results of our enquires to relevant supporting documentation.

 − Gaining an understanding of the controls that management has in place to prevent and detect fraud.

 − Challenging significant accounting assumptions, estimates and judgements made by management, including those relevant to 

the estimation and judgemental areas with a risk of fraud, including potential management bias.

 − Journal entry testing, with a focus on journals indicating large or unusual transactions or account combinations based on our 

understanding of the business and those posted directly to the financial statements that related to revenue.

 − Obtaining an understanding of and testing significant identified related party transactions.

 − Performing audit procedures to consider the compliance of disclosures in the financial statements with the applicable financial 

reporting framework requirements.

 − For components at which audit procedures were performed by the component auditor, we requested the component auditor 

to report to us instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations that gave rise to a risk of material misstatement of the 

group financial statements. 

 ● These audit procedures were designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free from fraud or error. 

The risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error and 

detecting irregularities that result from fraud is inherently more difficult than detecting those that result from error, as fraud may 

involve collusion, deliberate concealment, forgery or intentional misrepresentations. Also, the further removed non-compliance 

with laws and regulations is from events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become 

aware of it; 

 ● The engagement partner’s assessment of the appropriateness of the collective competence and capabilities of the engagement 

team included consideration of the engagement team’s:

 − Understanding of, and practical experience with, audit engagements of a similar nature and complexity through appropriate 

training and participation;

 − Knowledge of the industry in which the parent company and the group operate; and

 − Understanding of the legal and regulatory requirements specific to the parent company and the group.

 ● Communications within the engagement team in respect of potential non-compliance with laws and regulations and fraud included 

the potential for fraud in relation to the estimation and judgemental areas with a risk of fraud, including potential management 

bias, accuracy and completeness of revenue related deductions, which we identified as a key audit matter, and through 

management override of controls in the preparation of the financial statements.

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33

Independent Auditor’s Report  
to the members of Andrews Sykes 
Group plc

Other matters which we are required to address
As we reported to the Audit Committee, we identified that accounting services, of which the firm was not aware, were provided by Grant 

Thornton International Limited network firms in the Netherlands and Belgium to controlled undertakings of Andrews Sykes Group 

Plc, in respect of the year ended 31 December 2020, for which non-audit fees totalled £3,000. These services are not permitted to be 

provided to a controlled undertaking of an ‘other entity of public interest’ under the FRC Ethical Standard (2019). We have subsequently 

considered the impact on our independence and concluded that these accounting services do not impair our independence as the 

accounting services were of a routine and mechanical nature, and the work undertaken for purposes of the group audit was performed 

on the underlying financial information, which did not rely on the presentation of local statutory financial statements. The non-audit fee 

of £3,000 is also considered to be trivial. The Audit Committee was in agreement with this conclusion.

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our 

audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an 

auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 

other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Andrew Turner FCA

Senior Statutory Auditor

for and on behalf of Grant Thornton UK LLP

Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants

Birmingham

3 May 2022

34

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Consolidated Income Statement
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Continuing operations

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Distribution costs

Administrative expenses

Increase in credit loss provision

Other operating income

Operating profit

Adjusted EBITDA*

Depreciation and impairment losses

Depreciation of right-of-use assets

Profit on the sale of plant and equipment

Profit on the sale of right-of-use assets

Operating profit

Finance income

Finance costs

Profit before tax 

Tax expense

Profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent company

There were no discontinued operations in either of the above periods.

Earnings per share from continuing and total operations

Basic (pence)

Diluted (pence)

Interim and final dividends paid per equity share (pence)

Proposed final dividend per equity share (pence)

12 months

12 months

ended

ended

31 December

31 December

Note

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

4

 75,219 

 67,259 

  (29,001) 

  (28,184) 

 46,218 

  (14,066) 

  (10,759) 

  (1,470) 

 151 

 39,075 

  (12,136) 

  (11,693) 

  (490) 

 1,630 

8

 20,074 

 16,386

 28,946 

  (6,628) 

  (3,111) 

 840 

 27 

 26,089 

  (7,183) 

  (3,014) 

 450 

 44 

 20,074 

 16,386 

 24 

  (599) 

 19,499 

  (3,959) 

 15,540 

 116 

  (669) 

 15,833 

  (2,813) 

 13,020 

36.85p

36.85p

23.40p

12.50p

30.87p

30.87p

46.10p

11.50p

6

7

10

11

11

31

31

*   Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation, profit on the sale of property, plant and equipment, Amortisation and non-recurring items.

30816 

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35

 
Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income

Currency translation differences on foreign operations

Foreign exchange difference on IFRS 16 adjustments

Net other comprehensive income that may be recycled to profit and loss

Remeasurement of defined benefit pension assets and liabilities

Related deferred tax 

Net other comprehensive income/(expense) that will not be recycled to profit and loss

Other comprehensive income/(expense) for the year net of tax

Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to equity holders  

Year

ended

Year

ended

31 December

31 December

2021

£'000

 15,540 

  (954) 

 — 

  (954) 

 4,430 

  (1,551) 

 2,879 

 1,925 

2020

£'000

 13,020 

 529 

  (2) 

 527 

  (1,980) 

 376 

  (1,604) 

  (1,077) 

Note

17

10

of the parent company

 17,465 

 11,943

36

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Consolidated Balance Sheet
At 31 December 2021 

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use assets
Prepayments
Deferred tax asset
Retirement benefit pension surplus

Current assets

Stock
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables
Current tax liabilities
Bank loans
Right-of-use lease obligations

Non current liabilities

Bank loans
Right-of-use lease obligations
Deferred tax liability
Provisions

Total liabilities

Net Assets

Capital and reserves

Share capital
Share premium
Retained earnings
Translation reserve
Other reserve

Total equity

Note

12
13
14
16
17

18
19
20

21
22
23
24

23
24
16
25

26

31 December 

31 December 

2021 

£'000

 20,877 
 12,423 
 — 
 — 
 6,137 
 39,437 

 5,660 
 19,796 
 32,443 
 57,899 

2020 

£'000

 22,774 
 12,463 
 42 
 704 
 498 
 36,481 

 8,048 
 17,274 
 24,012 
 49,334 

 97,336 

 85,815 

 13,587 
 265 
 3,000 
 2,602 
 19,454 

 — 
 10,332 
 1,959 
 1,971 
 14,262 
 33,716 

 12,290 
 1,161 
 493 
 2,656 
 16,600 

 2,998 
 10,193 
 — 
 — 
 13,191 
 29,791 

 63,620 

 56,024 

 422 
 13 
 59,971 
 2,968 
 246 
 63,620 

 422 
 13 
 51,421 
 3,922 
 246 
 56,024 

These consolidated financial statements of Andrews Sykes Group plc, company number 00175912, were approved and authorised for 

issue by the Board of directors on 3 May 2022 and were signed on its behalf by:

JJ Murray

Vice-Chairman

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37

 
 
 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Year

ended

Year

ended

31 December

31 December

Note

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 15,540 

 13,020 

10

7

6

8

8

12

13

17

23

31

 3,959 

 599 

  (24) 

  (840) 

  (27) 

 6,628 

 3,111 

  (1,194) 

  (635) 

  (2,653) 

 2,322 

 1,112 

 27,898 

  (574) 

  (3,735) 

 23,589 

 2,813 

 669 

  (116) 

  (450) 

  (44) 

 7,183 

 3,014 

  (470) 

  (2,690) 

 4,099 

  (762) 

 — 

 26,266 

  (592) 

  (3,419) 

 22,255 

 1,173 

 619 

  (2,530) 

  (4,157) 

 9 

 79 

  (1,348) 

  (3,459) 

  (500) 

  (2,951) 

  (9,869) 

  (13,320) 

 8,921 

 24,012 

  (490) 

  (500) 

  (2,832) 

  (19,442) 

  (22,774) 

  (3,978) 

 27,880 

 110 

 24,012 

20

 32,443 

Operating activities

Profit for the year after tax

Adjustments to reconcile profit for the year to net cash inflow from  

operating activities:

Taxation charge

Finance costs

Finance income

Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment

Profit on sale of right-of-use assets

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Depreciation of right-of-use assets

Difference between pension contributions paid and amounts recognised in the 

Consolidated Income Statement

Increase in stocks

(Increase)/decrease in receivables

Increase/(decrease) in payables

Movement in provisions

Cash inflow from continuing operations

Interest paid

Corporation tax paid

Net cash inflow from operating activities

Investing activities

Disposal of plant and equipment

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

Interest received

Net cash outflow from investing activities

Financing activities

Loan repayments

Capital repayments for right-of-use lease obligations

Equity dividends paid

Net cash outflow from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the start of the year

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

38

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Consolidated Statement of 
Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Share

Share

premium

Retained

Translation

capital

£'000

account

earnings

£'000

£'000

reserve

£'000

Capital

redemp-

tion

reserve

£'000

UAE

legal

reserve

£'000

Nether-

lands

legal 

reserve

£'000

Balance at  

31 December 2019

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive 

income for the year net 

of tax 
Total comprehensive 

income/(expense)
Dividends paid
Total of transactions with 

shareholders
Balance at 

 31 December 2020
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive 

income  for the year net 

of tax 
Total comprehensive 

income/(expense)
Dividends paid
Total of transactions with 

shareholders
Balance at  

 13 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 422 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

 59,447 

 3,395 

 13,020 

 — 

 158 

 — 

  (1,604) 

 527 

 11,416 
  (19,442) 

 527 
 — 

 — 

  (19,442) 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

 422 
 — 

 13 
 — 

 51,421 
 15,540 

 3,922 
 — 

 158 
 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 2,879 

  (954) 

 18,419 
  (9,869) 

  (954) 
 — 

 — 

  (9,869) 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

 79 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

 79 
 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

Attri-

butable to

equity 

holders

of the 

parent

£’000

 63,523 

 13,020 

  (1,077) 

 11,943 
  (19,442) 

 9 

 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

  (19,442) 

 9 
 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 

 56,024 
 15,540 

 1,925 

 17,465 
  (9,869) 

 — 

  (9,869) 

31 December 2021

 422 

 13 

 59,971 

 2,968 

 158 

 79 

 9 

 63,620 

Share premium account
The share premium account balance includes the proceeds that were above the nominal value from issuance of the Company’s equity 

share capital comprising 1p shares.
Retained earnings
Retained earnings include the accumulated profits and losses arising from the Consolidated Income Statement and items from the 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income attributable to equity shareholders, less distributions to shareholders.
Translation reserve
The translation reserve represents the cumulative translation differences on the foreign currency net investments held at the year 

end since the date of transition to IFRS.
Capital redemption reserve
The capital redemption reserve has arisen on the cancellation of previously issued shares and represents the nominal value of those 

shares cancelled.
UAE legal reserve
Local legislation in the United Arab Emirates requires Khansaheb Sykes LLC to maintain a non-distributable reserve equal to 50% of 

its share capital.
Netherlands legal reserve
The Netherlands legal reserve represents the required minimum aggregate share capital and capital reserve needed to be retained 

under Dutch law by Andrews Sykes BV.

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39

Group Accounting Policies
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1 General information
Legal status and country of incorporation
Andrews Sykes Group plc, company number 00175912, was incorporated in England and Wales under the Companies Acts 1908-1917. 

The address of the registered office is given on page 22. The nature of the group’s operations and its principal activities are set out in 

note 5 and in the strategic report and directors’ report on pages 5 to 21.

Basis of preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards and the parts of 

the Companies Act 2006 that applies to companies applying UK-adopted international accounting standards in conformity with the 

requirements of the Companies Act 2006. Therefore, the group financial statements comply with the “AIM Rules for Companies”.

The accounts are presented on the historical cost basis of accounting except for:

a) Properties held at the date of transition to IFRS that are stated at deemed cost;

b) Pension scheme assets and liabilities calculated at fair value in accordance with IAS 19.

Going concern
The Board remains satisfied with the group’s funding and liquidity position. The group has operated throughout the 2021 financial year 

within its financial covenants as contained in the bank agreement. We continue to make payments to our suppliers in accordance with 

our agreed terms and all fiscal payments to the UK and overseas government bodies have been and will continue to be made on time. 

Post year-end the final balloon instalment on the external bank loan has been made and the loan is now fully repaid.

The directors are required to consider the application of the going concern concept when approving financial statements. The 

principal element required to meet the test is sufficient liquidity for a period from the end of the year until at least 12 months 

subsequent to the date of approving the accounts. Management has prepared a detailed “bottom-up” budget including profit and loss 

and cash flow for the financial year ending 31 December 2022, and has extrapolated this forward until the end of May 2023 in order to 

form a view of an expected trading and cash position for the required period. This base level forecast fully incorporates management’s 

expectations around the continued recovery of the group and was prepared on a cautiously realistic basis. This forecast takes into 

account specific factors relevant in each of our businesses. These 2022 forecasts have been reviewed and approved by the Board.

Whilst profitability and cash flow performance to the end of February 2022 has been close to expectation, in order to further assess 

the company’s ability to continue to trade as a going concern, management have performed an exercise to assess a reasonable worst-

case trading scenario and the impact of this on profit and cash. For the purposes of the cash forecast, only the below assumptions 

have been incorporated into this forecast:

 ● Normal level of dividends will be maintained during the 12 months subsequent to the date of approving the accounts;

 ● No new external funding sought;

 ● Hire turnover and product sales reduced by 12% versus budget—a similar variance when comparing 2021 actual results to 2021 

budgets;

 ● All overheads continue at the base forecast level apart from overtime and commission and repairs and marketing, which are 

reduced by 5% and travel costs reduced by 2.5%;

 ● All current vacancies are filled immediately; and

 ● Capital expenditure is reduced by 5%.

The above factors have all been reflected in the forecast for the period ending 12 months subsequent to the date of approving the 

accounts. The headline numbers at a group level are as follows:

 ● Group turnover for the 12 months ending 31 December 2022 is forecast to be comparable to the 31 December 2021 figures. 

Operating profit is below the profit for 2021.

 ● Closing net funds as at the end of May 2022 are forecast to be below the level reported at 31 December 2021.

Under this reasonable worst-case scenario, the group has sufficient net funds throughout 2022 and up to the end of May 2023, to 

continue to operate as a going concern.

40

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1 General information continued
A final sensitivity analysis was performed in order to assess by how much group turnover could fall before further external financing 

would need to be sought. Under this scenario it was assumed that:

 ● Capital expenditure falls proportionately to turnover;

 ● Temporary staff are removed from the group; and

 ● Various overheads decrease proportionately with turnover. 

Given these assumptions, and for modelling purposes only, assuming dividends are maintained at normal levels, group turnover could 

fall to below £50 million on an annualised basis without any liquidity concerns. Due to the level of confidence the Board has in the 

future trading performance of the group, this scenario is considered highly unlikely to occur.

The group has considerable financial resources and a wide operational base. Based on the detailed forecast prepared by management, 

the Board has a reasonable expectation that the group has adequate resources to continue to trade for the foreseeable future even in 

the reasonable worst-case scenario identified by the group. Accordingly, the Board continues to adopt the going concern basis when 

preparing this Annual Report and Financial Statements.

Accounting period
The current period is for the 12 months ended 31 December 2021 and the comparative period is for the 12 months ended 

31 December 2020.

Functional and presentational currency
The individual financial statements of each group entity are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in 

which the entity operates (its functional currency). For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial 

position of each entity are expressed in Sterling, which is the functional currency of the company, and the presentation currency for 

the consolidated financial statements. Foreign operations are included in accordance with the accounting policy as set out in note 2.

Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards
On 1 January 2006, the group adopted IFRS for the first time when advantage was taken of the following exemptions as permitted 

by IFRS 1:

 ● The requirements of IFRS 3 Business Combinations were not applied to business combinations that occurred before the date of 

transition to IFRS.

 ● The carrying values of freehold and leasehold properties are based on previously adopted UK GAAP valuations and these were 

taken as deemed cost on transition to IFRS.

IFRS has only been applied to the group’s consolidated financial statements. The parent company’s financial statements, which are set 

out on pages 76 to 83, have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 and the Companies Act 2006. The UK subsidiaries’ company 

financial statements will also be prepared in accordance with FRS 102 and the Companies Act 2006. Advantage will continue to be 
taken, where applicable, of the reduced disclosure framework, as set out in paragraph 1.12 of FRS 102, as no objections have been 

received from shareholders to this request.

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adopted for the first time in 2021
There were no new standards or amendments to standards adopted for the first time this year that had a material impact on the 

results of the group. The prior year comparatives have not been restated for any changes in accounting policies that were required 

due to the adoption of new standards this year.

Future adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards
At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, management are not aware of any new UK-adopted international financial 

reporting standards which would have a material impact on the group’s financial statements. 

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41

Group Accounting Policies
For the year ended 31 December 2021  

2 Significant accounting policies
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the company and entities controlled by the company (its 

subsidiaries) made up to 31 December 2021. Control is achieved when the investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its 

involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee.

Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with 

those used by the group.

All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation.

Business combinations and goodwill
The acquisition of subsidiaries is accounted for using the acquisition method. The assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities that meet 

the conditions for recognition under IFRS 3 are recognised at their fair value at their acquisition date except for non-current assets 

(or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5, which are recognised and measured at fair value less 

costs to sell. Any excess of the cost over the asset valuation as calculated above is recognised as goodwill.

In accordance with the options that were available under IFRS 1 on transition to IFRS, the group elected not to apply IFRS 3 

retrospectively to past business combinations that occurred before 1 January 2006, the date of transition to IFRS. Accordingly, 

goodwill amounting to £37,206,000 that had previously been offset against reserves under UK GAAP was not recognised in the 

opening IFRS balance sheet.

The interest of any non-controlling shareholders in the acquiree is initially measured at the minority’s proportion of the net fair value 

of the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised.

Property, plant and equipment
Property is carried at deemed cost at the date of transition to IFRS based on the previous UK GAAP valuations adopted in 1998. Plant 

and equipment held at the date of transition and subsequent additions to property, plant and equipment are stated at purchase cost 

including directly attributable costs. The group does not have a revaluation policy. 

Freehold land is not depreciated. Depreciation of other property, plant and equipment is provided on a straight-line basis using rates 

calculated to write down the cost of each asset to its estimated residual value over its estimated useful life as follows:

Property:

Freehold and long leasehold buildings 

Short leasehold buildings 

Equipment for hire:

2%

Period of the lease

Heating, air conditioning and other environmental control equipment 

20%

Pumping equipment 
Accessories 

Motor vehicles 

Plant and machinery 

10% to 33%
33%

20% to 25%

7.5% to 33%

Annual reviews are made of estimated useful lives and material residual values.

Profit on the sale of plant and equipment is credited within operating profit.

Leased assets
Lessor accounting
The group does not hold any assets for hire under finance leases.

Assets held for hiring to customers under operating leases are recorded as hire fleet assets within property, plant and equipment 

and are depreciated over their useful lives to their estimated residual value. The group does not have any material non-cancellable 

operating leases.

42

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2 Significant accounting policies continued
Lessee accounting
The group adopted IFRS 16 Leases with effect from 1 January 2019.

All operating leases, other than those of a short-term nature, are capitalised and included on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset 

and a right-of-use lease obligation. The amount capitalised is the net present value of the future expected minimum capital payments 

under the group’s operating lease obligations discounted at the group’s incremental borrowing rates. The right-of-use assets are 

then depreciated over the term of the lease. Interest is charged to the income statement and is calculated based on the incremental 

borrowing rate. 

Prior to the adoption of IFRS 16, operating lease payments were charged as an expense in the income statement on a straight-line 

basis over the lease term. This accounting policy continues to be adopted for short-term leases, as defined by IFRS 16, and non-capital 

payments under all operating leases, for example, maintenance costs on vehicles. The commitments for such leases continue to be 

disclosed as operating lease obligations in note 29.

As permitted by IFRS 1 at the date of transition to IFRS, the carrying value of long leasehold properties is based on the previous UK 

GAAP valuations adopted in 1998 and this has been taken as deemed cost. 

Impairment of non-financial assets
Property, plant and equipment are assessed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 

amount may not be recovered. If there are such indications then a test is performed on the asset affected to assess its recoverable 

amount against carrying value.

An impaired asset is written down to the higher of value in use and its fair value less costs to sell.

Deferred and current taxation
The charge for taxation is based on the taxable profit or loss for the period and takes into account taxation deferred because of 

differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and for accounting purposes. Full provision is made for the tax effects 

of these differences.

Current income tax assets or liabilities comprise those claims from, or obligations to, fiscal authorities relating to current or prior 

periods that are unpaid at the balance sheet date. They are calculated according to the tax rates and tax laws applicable to fiscal 

periods to which they relate based on the taxable profit for the year.

Deferred tax is calculated using the liability method on temporary differences. This involves the comparison of the carrying amount of 

assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements with their respective tax bases. Deferred tax is provided on the difference 

between the carrying value of the right-of-use asset and the associated lease liability, and their respective tax bases, both calculated 

in accordance with IFRS 16. Although not specifically covered by IAS 12 or IFRS 16, this is consistent with the group’s accounting policy 

to fully provide for deferred tax on temporary differences.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date to ensure that it is probable that sufficient 

taxable profits will be available to allow the asset to be recovered. Assets and liabilities, in respect of both deferred and current tax, 

are only offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset and the assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same 

taxation authority.

Deferred and current tax are charged or credited in the income statement except when they relate to items charged directly to equity, 

in which case the associated tax is also dealt with in equity.

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43

Group Accounting Policies
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

2 Significant accounting policies continued
Stocks
Stocks are valued at the lower of cost of purchase and net realisable value. Cost comprises actual purchase price and, where 

applicable, associated direct costs incurred bringing the stock to its present location and condition. Net realisable value is based on 

estimated selling price less further costs expected to be incurred to completion and disposal. Provision is made for obsolete, slow-

moving or defective items where appropriate.

Financial instruments
Recognition criteria, classification and initial carrying value
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised on the consolidated balance sheet when the group becomes a party to the 

contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date where the purchase or sale of an asset is under a contract whose 

terms require delivery of the investment within the time frame established by the market concerned. Financial assets are classified as 

“assets at amortised cost, assets at fair value through profit or loss and fair value through other comprehensive income” depending 

upon the nature and purpose of the financial asset. The classification is determined at the time of the initial recognition.

Financial assets are generally classified as assets held at amortised cost and are initially measured at fair value including transaction 

costs incurred. No financial assets are currently classified as assets at fair value through profit or loss and fair value through other 

comprehensive income. The categories of financial assets are trade receivables, other receivables and cash.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. 

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the group after deducting all of its liabilities. 

Financial liabilities are normally classified as “other financial liabilities” and are initially measured at fair value, normally cost, net of 

transaction costs. There are currently no financial liabilities held at “fair value through profit or loss”.

Assets held at amortised cost
Trade receivables are recognised as transaction price on initial recognition. Loans and other receivables (including cash held on ring-

fenced deposit accounts) are measured on initial recognition at fair value and, except for short-term receivables where the recognition 

of interest would be immaterial, are subsequently remeasured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method as reduced 

by appropriate allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts.

The group makes use of a simplified approach in accounting for trade and other receivables and records the loss allowance as lifetime 

expected credit losses. These are the expected shortfalls in contractual cash flows, considering the potential for default at any point 

during the life of the financial instrument. The group uses its historical experience, external indicators and forward-looking information 

to calculate the expected credit loss using a provision matrix.

The group assesses impairment of trade receivables on a collective basis as they possess shared credit risk characteristics and they 

have been grouped based on the number of days overdue. See note 19 for an analysis of how the impairment requirements of IFRS 9 
are applied.

Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting
The group’s policy is not to hedge its international assets with respect to foreign currency balance sheet translation exposure, nor 

against foreign currency transactions. Generally, the group does not enter into any forward exchange contracts and it does not use 

financial instruments for speculative purposes.

The group does not hold any derivative financial instruments or embedded derivative financial instruments at either period end.

44

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2 Significant accounting policies continued
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, cash at bank and short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible 

into known amounts of cash within three months from the date of initial acquisition with an insignificant risk of a change in value. 

Cash held in ring-fenced bank deposit accounts to which the group does not have access within three months from the date of initial 

acquisition is classified within other financial assets.

Other financial liabilities
Other financial liabilities, including trade payables, are measured on initial recognition at fair value and, except for short-term payables 

where the recognition of interest would be immaterial, are subsequently remeasured at amortised cost using the effective interest 

rate method. 

Bank loans
Interest-bearing bank loans are recorded at the proceeds received less capital repayments made. Initial costs incurred entering 

into the bank loans are carried as an asset, presented as a deduction from the carrying value of the loans, which is amortised to 

the income statement over the period of the loans. Ongoing finance charges are accounted for on an accruals basis in the income 

statement using the effective interest rate method. They are included within accruals to the extent that they are not settled in the 

period in which they arise.

Retirement benefit costs
Defined benefit scheme
As disclosed in note 17, the group previously operated a defined benefit pension scheme for the majority of its employees. This scheme 

was closed to new entrants and all existing members became deferred members on 29 December 2002.

Interest income on pension assets less interest on pension scheme liabilities is shown within finance income. The rate used to 

calculate the expected return on pension assets is capped at a rate equivalent to the rate used to discount the scheme’s liabilities. 

Settlement gains and losses and pension scheme administration expenses are also included within the income statement, either within 

administration expenses or as part of a separate disclosure where material. Actuarial remeasurement gains and losses are recognised 

immediately in other comprehensive income.

The defined benefit scheme is funded with the assets of the scheme held separately in trustee administered funds. Pension scheme 

assets are measured at fair value and liabilities are measured on an actuarial basis using the projected unit method and discounted 

at a rate equivalent to the current rate of return on a high-quality corporate bond of equivalent currency and term to the scheme 

liabilities. Full actuarial valuations are obtained triennially and are updated at each balance sheet date in accordance with IAS 19 (2011). 

Net defined benefit pension scheme surpluses and deficits are presented separately on the balance sheet within non-current assets 

and liabilities respectively before tax relief. The attributable deferred tax liability/asset is included within deferred tax and is subject 

to the recognition criteria as set out in the accounting policy on deferred and current taxation. Net defined benefit pension scheme 

surpluses are only recognised to the extent of any future refunds or reductions in future contributions to the scheme.

Defined contribution schemes
Employer’s contributions are charged to the income statement on an accruals basis.

Net funds
Net funds are defined as including cash and cash equivalents, ring-fenced deposit accounts, bank and other loans, finance lease 

obligations, right-of-use lease obligations calculated in accordance with IFRS 16 and derivative financial instruments stated at current 

fair value.

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45

Group Accounting Policies
For the year ended 31 December 2021  

2 Significant accounting policies continued
Foreign currencies
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate of exchange at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities 

in foreign currencies are translated into pounds Sterling at the financial year-end rates. Non-monetary items that are measured in 

terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

The results of overseas subsidiary undertakings, associates and trade investments are translated into pounds Sterling at average 

rates for the period unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case, exchange rates at the date of 

transactions are used. The closing balance sheets are translated at the year-end rates and the exchange differences arising are 

transferred to the group’s translation reserve as a separate component of equity and are reported within the CSOCTI. All other 

exchange differences are included within the consolidated income statement for the year. Inter-company foreign exchange gains and 

losses arising from financing activities are included within finance income and costs respectively. All other exchange differences are 

included in operating profit. 

In accordance with IFRS 1, the translation reserve was set to zero at 1 January 2006, the date of transition to IFRS. Cumulative 

translation differences that are included within the translation reserve at the date of disposal of the relevant overseas company are 

recognised in the consolidated income statement.

Revenue recognition
Revenue
Revenue is recorded at transaction price being the amount of consideration to which the group expects to be entitled in exchange for 

transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties, for example, some sales 

or value added taxes.

The group has four categories of revenue:

 ● Rental or lease income that is recognised on a straight-line basis over the period of the hire in accordance with IFRS 16. Hire 

revenue includes compensation receipts for lost or damaged equipment, chargeable to the customer under the terms of the hire 

agreement, which is recognised on an accruals basis when the loss or damage is identified;

 ● Revenue for the sale of goods that is recognised at a point in time (i.e. on the delivery of goods) in accordance with IFRS 15;

 ● maintenance revenue is recognised at a point in time when the service has been completed, which is normally within one day, in 

accordance with IFRS 15; and

 ● Revenue relating to installation and sale of units is recognised at a point in time (i.e. when the installation is complete) in 

accordance with IFRS 15.

Contracts are entered into with customers to provide one of the above goods or services on a standalone basis. The standalone selling 

price of the related performance obligation is therefore clearly determined from the contract. The total transaction price is estimated 

as the amount of the consideration to which the group expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or 
services after deducting trade discounts and volume rebates. Trade discounts and volume rebates are estimated based on the terms of 

the contractually agreed arrangements. 

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue 

recognised will not occur. Therefore, the amount of revenue recognised is adjusted for any negotiated rebates which are estimated 

based on historical data. Rebates are recognised as a separate liability to reflect the method of settlement and included as a 

component of accruals (see note 21). The Group reviews its estimate at each reporting date and updates the liability accordingly.

Volume rebates are estimated based on the terms of the contractually agreed arrangements with customers and the amount of 

consideration to which the group will be entitled in exchange for providing hire services to the customer. Variable consideration is 

estimated using the “most likely amount” method.

Payment terms are between 30 and 60 days for all types of sale and therefore the impact of the time value of money is minimal.

46

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2 Significant accounting policies continued
Investment and interest income
Dividend income is recognised in the income statement when the group’s right to receive payment has been established.

Interest income from bank deposit accounts is recognised on an accruals basis calculated by reference to the principal on deposit and 

the effective interest rate applicable.

Operating profit
Operating profit is defined as the profit for the period from continuing operations after all operating costs and income but before 

investment income, income from trade investments, finance income, finance costs, other gains and losses and taxation. Operating 

profit is disclosed as a separate line on the face of the income statement.

Normalised operating profit is the same as the above but excludes non-recurring items, for example, profit on the sale of property. 

When applicable, normalised operating profit is reconciled to operating profit on the face of the income statement.

Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation, profit on the sale of property, plant and equipment, Amortisation and non-

recurring items (EBITDA) is disclosed as a separate line on the face of the consolidated income statement and reconciled to operating 

profit.

Adjusted EBITDA is a traditional non-statutory measure of the ability of the group to generate cash and management considers that 

its disclosure provides useful information to shareholders in conjunction with the statutory indicators. 

Other gains and losses
Other gains and losses are material items that arise from unusual non-recurring events. They are disclosed separately, in aggregate, 

on the face of the income statement after operating profit where, in the opinion of the directors, such disclosure is necessary in order 

to fairly present the results for the financial period.

Government grants
Income related government grants, for example, those related to the furlough scheme, are recognised in the income statement on 

an accruals basis. They are disclosed separately on the face of the income statement and/or in the notes to the accounts where that 

degree of prominence is deemed necessary.

Finance costs
Finance costs are recognised in the income statement on an accruals basis in the period in which they are incurred.

Provisions
Dilapidation costs expected to be settled at the end of the lease term for rectification of wear and tear damage of the Group’s 

leasehold premises are provided for as an expense over the tenancy period as the wear and tear occurs. The cost of the remedial work 

required on the group’s properties is based upon the group’s previous dilapidation experience and quotes received from professional 

surveyors.

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47

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

3 Use of critical accounting judgements and estimates
Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and assessed based on historical experience and other factors, including 

expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable given the circumstances prevailing when the accounts are approved. 

The group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom 

equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the 

carrying value of assets and liabilities are discussed below. The directors do not consider there to be any critical judgements.

Pension scheme assumptions and mortality tables
As set out in note 17, the carrying value of the defined benefit pension scheme is calculated using actuarial valuations. These 

valuations are based on assumptions including the selection of the most appropriate mortality table for the profile of the members in 

the scheme and the financial assumptions concerning discount rates and inflation. All these are estimates of future events and are, 

therefore, uncertain. The choices are based on advice received from the scheme actuaries that are checked from time to time with 

benchmark surveys. Sensitivity analysis regarding assumptions concerning longevity, discount rates and inflation is provided in note 17 

on page 61.

When assessing the appropriateness of the recognition of a surplus, the directors have considered the guidance in IAS 19 and IFRIC 

14, and have concluded that because of the rights upon wind-up, it is appropriate to recognise the asset in the consolidated financial 

statements.

Useful economic life of hire fleet assets included within property, plant and equipment
Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of equipment for hire assets at each reporting date based on the expected utility 

of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates include those relating to technological obsolescence that may change the utility of 

certain equipment. Information on the estimated useful lives of equipment for hire is included in the accounting policies.

If the economic life was one year less than estimated, the depreciation charge would be increased by approximately £1.6 million. If the 

economic life was one year more than estimated, the depreciation charge would be reduced by approximately £1.1 million.

Expected credit losses
Management consider the main factors in assessing the appropriate allowance for doubtful debt and credit losses are the age 

of the balances held relative to the due date and the profile of the customers; past default experience; external indicators and 

forward-looking information. Specific trade receivables may be written off when there is considered to be little likelihood of recovering 

the debt. 

If the credit loss percentage for the gross debtors greater than 12 months old was increased by 10%, the expected credit loss provision 

would increase by approximately £0.3m. Similarly, if the credit loss percentage for the gross debtors greater than 12 months old was 

decreased by 10%, the expected credit loss provision would decrease by approximately £0.3m. 

4 Revenue
An analysis of the group’s revenue by income stream is as follows:

Continuing operations

Revenue outside the scope of IFRS 15 and recognised as lease income in accordance with IFRS 16:

Hire

Revenue recognised at a point in time in accordance with IFRS 15:

Sales

Maintenance

Installation and sale of units

Group consolidated revenue from the sale of goods and provision of services

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

67,734

59,598

4,630

1,368

1,487

75,219

5,162

1,348

1,151

67,259

48

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5 Business and geographical segmental analysis
The group operates in the United Kingdom, Europe (The Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, France, Switzerland and Luxembourg) and the 

United Arab Emirates providing the hire and sale of a range of environmental control equipment. It also installs and maintains fixed air 

conditioning equipment within the United Kingdom.

The group operates through statutory entities that are based in each of the above locations. In the case of the main UK operation, 

there are separate statutory entities for hire and sales (Andrews Sykes Hire Limited) and installation and maintenance (Andrews 

Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Limited) as well as a separate property holding company. Each operating company has its own 

Divisional Director who is responsible to the Board for that company’s operating result. These Divisional Directors meet the IFRS 8 

definition of segmental managers.

All the group’s external loans are held in the parent company, Andrews Sykes Group plc. No attempt is made in the internal 

management accounts to allocate the interest charge to either individual entities or activities. Similarly, the internal management 

accounts provided to the Board include a balance sheet and cash flow information provided only on an entity and consolidated basis. 

Capital expenditure and working capital movements are reviewed on an entity basis.

The Chief Operating Decision Maker is considered to be a subsection of the Board including the Vice-Chairman and Group Managing 

Director. The directors therefore consider that the group’s revenue-generating operating segments that are reviewed on a regular 

basis by the Board and for which discrete financial information is available, are:

Activity

Hire and sales

Entity

Andrews Sykes Hire Limited

Andrews Sykes BV

Andrews Sykes BVBA

Nolo Climat S.R.L.

Climat Location SAS

Climat Location SA

Khansaheb Sykes LLC

Installation and maintenance

Andrews Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Limited

Andrews Sykes Luxembourg SARL

Location

United Kingdom

The Netherlands

Belgium

Italy

France

Switzerland

United Arab Emirates

Luxembourg

United Kingdom

The directors consider that the long-term economic characteristics of the hire and sales operations based in the The Netherlands, 

Belgium, Italy, France, Luxembourg and Switzerland are similar. These entities have similar products and services, operate in the same 

manner providing services to a similar customer base and incur similar risks and rewards. Whilst there is a level of currency fluctuation 

between these entities, the directors do not consider the currencies themselves (Euro and Swiss Franc) to be particularly volatile 

when compared to the group’s presentational currency or to be exposed to significant fluctuations that would indicate the economic 

characteristics of those operations are not appropriate to be aggregated as reportable segments under IFRS 8. Whilst the operational 

activities of the hire and sales business in the UK are similar to Europe, the legal and monetary jurisdictions are distinctively different. 

However, the operation based in the United Arab Emirates, whilst similar in many ways, faces significantly different risks due to the 

local environment in which it operates. The installation business operates in a different manner and regulatory environment to the 

rest of the group.

The reportable segments are therefore:

Segment

Hire and sales UK

Hire and sales Europe

Incorporating the following operating entities

Andrews Sykes Hire Limited

Andrews Sykes Properties Limited

Andrews Sykes BV

Andrews Sykes BVBA

Nolo Climat S.R.L.

Climat Location SAS

Climat Location SA

Andrews Sykes Luxembourg SARL

Location

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The Netherlands

Belgium

Italy

France

Switzerland

Luxembourg

Hire and sales Middle East

Khansaheb Sykes LLC

Installation and maintenance

Andrews Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Limited

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

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49

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

5 Business and geographical segmental analysis (continued)
The property holding company, Andrews Sykes Properties Limited, is considered immaterial to the Group as a whole. On this basis, 

and because it holds properties mainly for the use of Andrews Sykes Hire Limited, it has been included within the Hire and Sales UK 

segment. 

Transactions between the above reportable segments are made on an arm’s length basis after taking into account the reduced levels 

of risks incurred.

The above segments exclude the results of non-revenue earning holding companies, including Andrews Sykes Group plc. These 

entities’ results have been included as unallocated items (overheads and expenses, corporate assets and corporate liabilities as 

appropriate) in the tables below.

The group has a diverse customer base with no single customer accounting for 10% or more of the group’s revenue in either the 

current or previous financial period.

(i)  Business segment
Income statement analysis for the 12 months ended 31 December 2021

Installation 

Hire & sales 

Hire & sales 

Hire & sales 

and 

Consolidated 

Revenue
External sales:
Hire
Sales
Maintenance
Installations
Total external sales
Inter-segment sales
Total revenue
Segment result
Unallocated overheads 

UK 

£000

42,963 
2,115 
 — 
151 
 45,229 
 842 
 46,071 
15,419 

Europe

Middle East

maintenance

Subtotal

Eliminations

 £000 

 £000 

 £000 

 £000 

 £000 

 18,455 
 976 
 — 
 11 
 19,442 
 26 
 19,468 
 5,225 

 6,316 
 1,539 
 5 
—
 7,860 
 — 
 7,860 
 301 

 — 
 — 
 1,363 
 1,325 
 2,688 
 12 
 2,700 
 236 

 67,734 
 4,630 
 1,368 
 1,487 
 75,219 
 880 
 76,099 
 21,181 

—
—
—
—
 — 
  (880) 
  (880) 

—

and expenses
Operating profit
Finance income
Finance costs
Profit before Taxation
Taxation
Profit for the period from continuing and total operations

results

 £000 

 67,734 
 4,630 
 1,368 
 1,487 
 75,219 
 — 
 75,219 
 21,181 

  (1,107) 
 20,074 
 24 
  (599) 
 19,499 
  (3,959) 
 15,540 

Income statement analysis for the 12 months ended 31 December 2020 

Installation 

Hire & sales 

Hire & sales 

Hire & sales 

and 

Consolidated 

Revenue
External sales:
Hire
Sales
Maintenance
Installations
Total external sales
Inter-segment sales
Total revenue
Segment result
Unallocated overheads 

UK

 £000

 36,595 
 1,716 
 — 
 — 
 38,311 
 1,352 
 39,663 
 11,496 

Europe

Middle East

maintenance

Subtotal

Eliminations

 £000 

 £000 

 £000 

 £000 

 £000 

 15,149 
 1,000 
 — 
 — 
 16,149 
 14 
 16,163 
 3,566 

 7,854 
 2,446 
 — 
 — 
 10,300 
 — 
 10,300 
 2,026 

 — 
 — 
 1,348 
 1,151 
 2,499 
 21 
 2,520 
 249 

 59,598 
 5,162 
 1,348 
 1,151 
 67,259 
 1,387 
 68,646 
 17,337 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
  (1,387) 
  (1,387) 
  (117) 

and expenses
Operating profit
Finance income
Finance costs
Profit before Taxation
Taxation
Profit for the period from continuing and total operations

50

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results

 £000 

 59,598 
 5,162 
 1,348 
 1,151 
 67,259 
 — 
 67,259 
 17,220 

  (834) 
 16,386 
 116 
  (669) 
 15,833 
  (2,813) 
 13,020 

  (265) 

  (3,000) 

  (1,959) 

  (82) 

  (33,716) 

Consolidated

results

£'000

5 Business and geographical segmental analysis (continued)
Balance sheet information as at 31 December 2021

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

and 

Installation

UK

£'000

Europe

Middle East

maintenance

Subtotal

Eliminations

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

Consolidated

results

£'000

Segment assets

 55,580 

 25,287 

 8,845 

 1,177 

 90,889 

 — 

 90,889 

Retirement benefit 

pension surplus

Unallocated corporate 

assets

Consolidated total 

assets

 6,137 

 310 

 97,336 

Segment liabilities

  (18,852) 

  (7,469) 

  (1,612) 

  (477) 

  (28,410) 

 — 

  (28,410) 

Current tax liabilities

Bank loans

Deferred tax liability

Unallocated corporate 

liabilities

Consolidated total 

liabilities

Balance sheet information as at 31 December 2020

Balance sheet 

information 

As at 31 December 

2020

Segment assets

Deferred tax asset

Retirement benefit 

pension surplus

Unallocated corporate 

assets

Consolidated total 

assets

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

and 

Installation

UK

£'000

Europe

Middle East

maintenance

Subtotal

Eliminations

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

 50,725 

 21,531 

 11,026 

 3,699 

 86,981 

  (2,482) 

 84,499 

 704 

 498 

 114 

 85,815 

Segment liabilities

  (15,976) 

  (9,127) 

  (1,889) 

  (489) 

  (27,481) 

 2,482 

  (24,999) 

Current tax liabilities

Bank loans

Unallocated corporate 

liabilities

Consolidated total 

liabilities

30816 

  29 April 2022 9:15 am 

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  (1,161) 

  (3,491) 

  (140) 

  (29,791) 

51

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021

5 Business and geographical segmental analysis (continued)
Other information for the 12 months ended 31 December 2021

Capital additions

Right-of-use asset additions

Depreciation

Right-of-use asset depreciation

Installation

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

and 

Consolidated

UK

£'000

 2,631 

 2,280 

 3,471 

 1,935 

Europe

Middle East

maintenance

£'000

£'000

£'000

 2,085 

 1,023 

 2,036 

 1,062 

 658 

 6 

 1,109 

 49 

— 

 16 

 12 

 65 

results

£'000

 5,374 

 3,325 

 6,628 

 3,111 

Other information for the 12 months ended 31 December 2020

Capital additions

Right-of-use asset additions

Depreciation

Right-of-use asset depreciation

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

Hire & sales

and 

Consolidated

Installation

UK

£'000

Europe

Middle East

maintenance

£'000

£'000

£'000

 2,661 

 2,573 

  (3,678) 

  (1,877) 

 1,680 

 1,343 

  (2,189) 

  (1,008) 

 906 

 27 

  (1,294) 

  (53) 

 — 

 — 

  (22) 

  (76) 

results

£'000

 5,247 

 3,943 

  (7,183) 

  (3,014) 

(ii) Geographical segments
The geographical analysis of the group’s revenue is as follows:

United Kingdom

Rest of Europe

Middle East and Africa

Rest of the World

By origin

By destination

2021

£'000

 47,917 

 19,442 

 7,860 

—

2020

£'000

2021

£'000

 40,882 

 16,077 

 10,300 

 — 

 47,526 

 19,814 

 7,861 

 18 

 75,219 

 67,259 

 75,219 

2020

£'000

 40,414 

 16,450 

 10,307 

 88 

 67,259 

The carrying amounts of segment assets and non-current assets (excluding retirement benefit pension surplus and deferred tax) 
analysed by the entity’s country of origin are as set out below. There is no significant difference between the analysis by origin and 

that by physical location of the assets.

United Kingdom

Rest of Europe

Middle East and Africa

52

Segment assets

Non–current assets

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

2021

£'000

 57,066 

 25,287 

 8,846 

 91,199 

 52,080 

 21,393 

 11,026 

 84,499 

 21,604 

 9,648 

 2,048 

 33,300 

2020

£'000

 22,572 

 10,166 

 2,541 

 35,279 

30816 

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6 Finance income

Net pension scheme interest on pension scheme surplus (note 17)

Interest receivable on bank deposit accounts

7 Finance costs

Interest charge on bank loans and overdrafts

Interest charge on right-of-use lease obligations

Inter-company foreign exchange losses

8 Profit before taxation
The following have been charged/(credited) in arriving at the profit before taxation:

Net foreign exchange trading (gains) and losses

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Depreciation of right-of-use assets

Profit on sale of plant and equipment

Profit on sale of right-of-use assets

Cost of stock recognised as an expense

Vehicle and travel costs

Property costs

Rehire costs

Professional services

IT and communication

Operating lease rental payments for short-term leases: 

       Property

       Plant, machinery and motor vehicles

Defined benefit pension scheme past service cost — GMP equalisation re transfer vales (Note 18)

Gross employment costs (note 9)

Other operating income — government grants related to the COVID-19 pandemic:

       Furlough employment support receipts (note 9)

Auditor's remuneration: 

      The audit of the consolidated accounts

      The audit of the group's subsidiaries annual accounts

      Non-audit services

Representing functional costs of:

       Cost of sales

       Distribution costs

       Administrative expenses

       Increase in credit loss provision

       Other operating income

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 15 

 9 

24

45

71

116

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 44 

 530 

 25 

599

2021

£'000

 157 

 6,628 

 3,111 

  (840) 

  (27) 

 10,186 

 3,995 

 5,308 

 2,373 

 1,630 

 1,171 

 187 

 230 

 — 

64

530

75

669

2020

£'000

  (252) 

 7,183 

 3,014 

  (450) 

  (44) 

 7,609 

 3,870 

 5,118 

 2,168 

 1,645 

 1,213 

 182 

 139 

 100 

 20,978 

 20,815 

  (151) 

  (1,630) 

 54 

 155 

—

 47 

 143 

3

55,145

50,873  

29,001

14,066

10,759

1,470

(151)

55,145

28,184  

12,136  

11,693  

490  

(1,630)   

50,873 

No fees were payable to the Company’s auditor in respect of non-audit services in the current year.

53

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Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

9 Employee information
Staff costs charged in the income statement
The average number of employees employed during the period was:

Sales and distribution

Engineers

Managers and administration

Total employees

The aggregate employment costs, including redundancy, of these employees were as follows:-

Wages and salaries

Redundancy and termination payments

Social security costs

Other pension costs (note 17)

Gross employment costs

Government grants — furlough employment support

Employment costs net of government grants

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 165 

 260 

 140 

 565 

2021

£'000

 18,064 

 59 

 2,163 

 692 

 20,978 

  (151) 

 20,827 

 185 

 263 

 133 

 581 

2020

£'000

 17,848 

 180 

 2,096 

 691 

 20,815 

  (1,630) 

 19,185 

The above furlough receipts relate to support received from governments, primarily in the UK, to support businesses and protect 

employment during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Remuneration of senior management and directors of the group (voluntary disclosure)
Amounts paid to Group individuals, including directors, having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the 

group’s activities were as follows:

Short-term employee benefits

Post employment benefits — pensions

Other long-term benefits

2021

£'000

 2,566 

 153 

 384 

 3,103 

2020

£'000

 2,483 

 124 

 344 

 2,951 

Key management compensation
The only employees of the reporting entity are the directors who also constitute the reporting entity’s key management personnel. 

The compensation given to the reporting entity’s key management personnel is included below under “Directors’ emoluments”.

54

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9 Employee information (continued)
Directors’ emoluments
Directors’ emoluments for the current and prior financial periods were as follows:

12 months ended 31 December 2021

12 months ended 31 December 2020

Director

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

Pension 

scheme 

Pension 

scheme 

Emoluments

contributions

Total

Emoluments

contributions

AJ Kitchingman

MC Leon

JJ Murray

JP Murray

CD Webb

PT Wood (deceased 27 January 2021)

 38 

 20 

 33 

 20 

 407 

 28 

 546 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 24 

 1 

 25 

 38 

 20 

 33 

 20 

 431 

 29 

 571 

 38 

 20 

 32 

 20 

 — 

 413 

 523 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 10 

 10 

For key management personnel purposes, £60,000 (2020: £57,000) of NI contributions should be included in the above totals.

No directors were granted or exercised share options during either the current or prior financial periods.

The number of directors in office at the year-end to whom retirement benefits are accruing are as follows:

Total

£'000

 38 

 20 

 32 

 20 

 — 

 423 

 533

Defined contribution

Defined benefit

2021

Number

2020

Number

1

—

1

1

The total amount payable to the highest paid director in respect of remuneration was £407,000 (2020: £413,000). Company pension 
contributions of £24,000 (2020: £10,000) were made to a money purchase pension scheme on his behalf. In the previous year, 

the highest paid director had an accrued annual pension under the defined benefit scheme of £22,545; the transfer value of the 

accumulated fund as at 31 December 2020 was £678,000. In the current year, no director had an accrued annual pension under the 

defined benefit scheme. No contributions were paid during the current or prior period into the defined benefit scheme.

10 Taxation

Current tax:

UK Corporation tax at 19% (2020: 19%)

Adjustments in respect of prior periods

Overseas tax based on the taxable profit for the period

Adjustments to overseas tax in respect of prior periods

Total current tax charge

Deferred tax:

Origination and reversal of temporary differences

Adjustments in respect of prior years

Change in tax rate

Total deferred tax charge/ (credit) (note 16)

Tax expense reported in the consolidated income statement

30816 

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2021

£'000

 2,253 

  (657) 

 1,596 

 1,251 

 — 

 2,847 

 712 

 497 

  (97) 

 1,112 

 3,959 

2020

£'000

 2,068 

  (207) 

 1,861 

 1,023 

 2 

 2,886 

  (44) 

  (29) 

 — 

  (73) 

 2,813 

55

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

10 Taxation (continued)
In addition to the amount charged to the consolidated income statement, tax movements recognised through other comprehensive 

income were as follows:

Deferred tax:

Remeasurement of defined benefit liabilities and assets

Tax (credit)/ expense reported in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 1,551 

 1,551 

  (376) 

  (376)

The tax charge for the financial period can be reconciled to the profit before tax per the income statement multiplied by the standard 
effective tax rate in the UK of 19% (2020: 19%) as follows:

Reconciliation of total tax charge

Profit on ordinary activities before tax

Corporation tax charge at standard rate of 19% (2020: 19%)

Adjusted by the effects of:

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes

Effects of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating abroad

Utilisation of overseas tax losses

Overseas tax losses not recognised

Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods

Movement in deferred tax on change in corporation tax rate

Total tax expense reported in the consolidated income statement

2021

£'000

 19,499 

 3,705 

 536 

  (109) 

  (12) 

 96 

  (160) 

  (97) 

 3,959 

2020

£'000

 15,833 

 3,008 

 125 

  (119) 

  (4) 

 37 

  (234) 

 — 

 2,813 

Matters affecting future tax charges
In the UK budget on 15 March 2021, the Chancellor announced that the rate of corporation tax would increase from its current level of 

19% to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023. The rate will remain at 19% until that date. This amendment was enacted by Parliament on 

24 May 2021 and received Royal Assent on 10 June 2021 and will increase the amount of corporation tax payable in the future.

There were no other factors that may affect future tax charges.

56

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11 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share
The basic figures have been calculated by reference to the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue and the post-tax 

earnings as set out below. There were no discontinued operations in either period.

Basic earnings/ weighted average number of shares

Basic earnings per ordinary share (pence)

Basic earnings/ weighted average number of shares

Basic earnings per ordinary share (pence)

2021

Total

earnings

Number 

 £'000

of shares

 15,540 

 42,174,359 

 36.85p 

2020

Total

earnings

 £'000

Number 

of shares

 13,020 

 42,174,359 

 30.87p 

Diluted earnings per share
There were no dilutive instruments outstanding during either the current or preceding financial period. Consequently, the diluted 

earnings per share is the same as the basic earnings per share for both periods.

30816 

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57

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

12 Property, plant and equipment

Cost 

At 31 December 2019

Exchange differences

Additions

Disposals

At 31 December 2020

Exchange differences

Additions

Disposals

At 31 December 2021

Depreciation

At 31 December 2019

Exchange differences

Charge for year

Disposals

At 31 December 2020

Exchange differences

Charge for year

Disposals

At 31 December 2021

Net book value

At 31 December 2021

At 31 December 2020

At 31 December 2019

Equipment

Motor

Plant and

Property

£'000

for hire

£'000

vehicles

machinery

£'000

£'000

Total

£'000

5,255

 18 

 6 

  (1) 

 5,278 

  (22) 

 23 

  (19) 

 5,260 

 65,127 

 744 

 4,911 

  (3,066) 

 67,716 

  (1,120) 

 5,037 

  (2,938) 

 68,695 

 1,291 

 46,696 

 7 

 126 

  (1) 

 1,423 

  (12) 

 124 

  (19) 

 1,516 

 3,744 

 3,855 

 3,964 

 454 

 6,352 

  (2,897) 

 50,605 

  (835) 

 5,903 

  (2,684) 

 52,989 

 15,706 

17,111 

 18,431 

 1,827 

 18 

 137 

  (69) 

 1,913 

  (37) 

 222 

  (257) 

 1,841 

 1,213 

 14 

 264 

  (69) 

 1,422 

  (33) 

 209 

  (205) 

 1,393 

 448 

 491 

 614 

 5,754 

 35 

 193 

  (110) 

 5,872 

  (52) 

 92 

  (140) 

 5,772 

 77,963 

 815 

 5,247 

  (3,246) 

 80,779 

  (1,231) 

 5,374 

  (3,354) 

 81,568 

 4,202 

 53,402 

 22 

 441 

  (110) 

 4,555 

  (41) 

 392 

  (113) 

 4,793 

 979 

 1,317 

 1,552 

 497 

 7,183 

  (3,077) 

 58,005 

  (921) 

 6,628 

  (3,021) 

 60,691 

 20,877 

 22,774 

 24,561 

The group did not have any non-cancellable contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment at either 31 

December 2021 or 31 December 2020.

Net book value of land and buildings comprises:

Freehold

Long leasehold

Short leasehold

2021

£'000

 3,659 

 43 

 42 

 3,744 

2020

£'000

 3,603 

 44 

 208 

 3,855 

The group’s bank loans are secured by fixed and floating charges over the group’s assets including property, plant and equipment.

58

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13 Right-of-use assets

Cost 

At 31 December 2019

Exchange differences

Additions

Disposals

At 31 December 2020

Exchange differences

Additions

Disposals

At 31 December 2021

Depreciation

At 31 December 2019

Exchange differences

Charge for year

Disposals

At 31 December 2020

Exchange differences

Charge for year

Disposals

At 31 December 2021

Net book value

At 31 December 2021

At 31 December 2020

At 31 December 2019

Motor

Plant and

Property

vehicles

machinery

£'000

£'000

£'000

 9,551 

 197 

 1,677 

  (160) 

 11,265 

  (262) 

 1,857 

  (74) 

 3,773 

 65 

 2,076 

  (519) 

 5,395 

  (88) 

 1,431 

  (496) 

 12,786 

 6,242 

 1,143 

 27 

 1,315 

  (33) 

 2,452 

  (75) 

 1,350 

  (59) 

 1,185 

 17 

 1,484 

  (442) 

 2,244 

  (42) 

 1,567 

  (499) 

 3,668 

 3,270 

 9,118 

8,813

8,408

 2,972 

3,151

2,588

 708 

 6 

 190 

  (48) 

 856 

  (13) 

 37 

  (37) 

 843 

 189 

 1 

 215 

  (48) 

 357 

  (4) 

 194 

  (37) 

 510 

 333 

499

519

Total

£'000

 14,032 

 268 

 3,943 

  (727) 

 17,516 

  (363) 

 3,325 

  (607) 

 19,871 

 2,517 

 45 

 3,014 

  (523) 

 5,053 

  (121) 

 3,111 

  (595) 

 7,448 

 12,423 

12,463 

 11,515 

IFRS 16 introduced a single, on-balance-sheet leasing model for lessees. A lessee now recognises a right-of-use asset representing its 

right to use the underlying asset and a lease liability to make lease payments (see note 24). The group adopted IFRS 16 on 1 January 

2019 using the standard’s modified retrospective approach. Under this approach, the net present value of the future expected 

minimum capital repayments under the group’s operating lease obligations were recognised on the balance sheet as a right-of-use 

asset and an obligation under right-of-use leases (see note 24). The assets are then depreciated over the length of the lease term. The 

group took advantage of the exemption available not to capitalise short-term leases with a duration of 12 months or less and therefore 

these leases continue to be treated as off-balance-sheet operating leases; see notes 8 and 29.

As disclosed in note 24, the right-to-use lease obligations are secured on the above assets.

The nature of the Group’s leasing activities are primarily around leasing property from which the entity can trade from and leasing 

vehicles both for hire equipment transportation, servicing and general sales and administration staff.

The expense relating to short-term leases for which the group has made the use of the short-term exemption is disclosed in note 8. 

The lease commitments for short-term leases is disclosed in note 29 and the maturity analysis of lease liabilities is in note 24.

The interest expenses on lease liabilities is disclosed in note 7.

The capital repayment cash outflow for leases is disclosed in the consolidated cashflow statement.

The Group has contractual asset hire revenue receivable of £1,503,000 due within less than one year after the year end date 
(2020: £1,344,000). No amounts are contractually receivable after more than one year (2020: £Nil).

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59

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021

14 Prepayments

Prepayments

The above prepayments are not recoverable within 12 months.

2021

£'000

–

2020

£'000

42

15 Subsidiaries
A complete list of the investments in subsidiaries, including the name, country of incorporation and proportion of ownership interest, 

is given in note 3 to the company’s separate financial statements.

With the exception of Khansaheb Sykes LLC, the group holds 100% of the issued share capital of its subsidiaries. Whilst the group 

only holds 49% of the issued share capital of Khansaheb Sykes LLC, this shareholding entitles the group to 90% of the profits for the 

period and control of the company by virtue of the right to appoint the majority of the company’s directors.

The 51% shareholder has waived his right to receive the 10% profit share and therefore the group has consolidated 100% of the 

company’s result for the period.

16 Deferred tax asset
The deferred tax assets and liabilities recognised by the group and the movements thereon during the current and prior periods are as 

follows:

Temporary 

Temporary 

Temporary 

Provisions 

differences 

differences 

differences 

and other 

on lease 

on property, 

on pension 

short-term 

assets and 

plant and 

scheme 

timing

liabilities

equipment

surplus 

differences

£’000

£'000

£’000

£'000

Asset/(liability) at 31 December 2019

Credited/(charged) to income statement (note 10)

Credited/(charged) to comprehensive income (note 10)

Effect of interest and administrative expenses in 

excess of pension payments

Asset/(liability) at 31 December 2020

Credited/(charged) to income statement (note 10)

Credited/(charged) to comprehensive income (note 10)

Asset/(liability) at 31 December 2021

47

 26 

 1 

 — 

 74 

 53 

 — 

 127 

 155 

  (51) 

 — 

 — 

 104 

  (64) 

 — 

 40 

  (373) 

 — 

 376 

  (98) 

  (95) 

  (502) 

  (1,551) 

  (2,148) 

Total

£'000

 254 

 73 

 377 

 — 

 704 

 425 

 98 

 — 

 98 

 621 

  (599) 

 — 

 22 

  (1,112) 

  (1,551) 

  (1,959) 

The deferred tax asset and liabilities in respect of lease assets and liabilities have been shown on a net basis in the above table.

The deferred tax balances at both 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 have been calculated based on the rates that have been 

substantially enacted at the balance sheet date and which the directors anticipate will apply when the temporary differences are 
expected to reverse. Accordingly, a rate of 25% (2020: 19%) has been used where temporary differences are expected to reverse after 
1 April 2023. A withholding tax rate of 35% has been used on the pension scheme surplus.

The group does not have any unused capital losses or any unrecognised UK deferred tax assets or liabilities at either the current or 

preceding period end.

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of overseas tax losses because it is uncertain that future tax profits will 

be available, against which the group can utilise them. A deferred tax asset relating to overseas tax losses has not been recognised 
totaling £623,000 (2020: £499,000).

The deferred tax asset as at 31 December 2021, excluding the liability on the pension surplus, is £189,000 (2020: £799,000). Of this 
amount, approximately £150,000 (2020: £370,000) is expected to be recovered after more than 12 months.

60

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17 Retirement benefit pension schemes
Defined benefit pension scheme
The group operates two pension arrangements in the UK: the Andrews Sykes Group Pension Scheme (“the DB scheme”) and the 

Andrews Sykes Stakeholder Pension Plan (“the DC Plan”). 

The DB scheme is established under trust law and complies with the Pension Scheme Act 1993, Pensions Act 1995, Pensions Act 2004, 

Pensions Act 2014 and all other relevant UK legislation. Pension assets are held in separate trustee administered funds, which have 

equal pension rights with respect to members of either gender in so far as this is required by current legislation.

The DB scheme was closed to new members on 29 December 2002 and, over recent years, the group has taken steps to manage the 

ongoing risks associated with its defined benefit liabilities.

As at 31 December 2021, the group had a net defined benefit pension scheme surplus, calculated in accordance with IAS 19 using the 
assumptions as set out below, of £6,137,000 (2020: £498,000). This asset has been recognised in these financial statements as the 
directors are satisfied that it is recoverable in accordance with IFRIC 14.

The last formal triennial funding valuation was as at 31 December 2019. A draft funding valuation was presented to the board of 

directors in early summer 2020, and the group made a one-off contribution of £600,000 in late May 2020 to largely eliminate the 

funding deficit as at 31 December 2019 as indicated by that draft valuation. In addition, in accordance with the previous schedule 

of contributions, the group has continued to make regular contributions of £10,000 per month during 2020 and therefore total 

contributions to the pension scheme during 2020 were £720,000.

The formal 2019 funding valuation, including a revised schedule of contributions and recovery plan, was agreed between the pension 

scheme trustees and the board of directors in March 2021 and was effective from 1 January 2021. In accordance with this schedule 

of contributions and recovery plan, the group will be making regular contributions of £110,000 per month for the period 1 January 

2021 to 31 December 2022, and £10,000 per month for the period 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2025 or until a revised schedule of 

contributions is agreed, if earlier. Consequently, the group has made total contributions to the pension scheme of £1,320,000 during 

2021 and expects to make contributions of £1,320,000 during 2022.

Principal risks
The following table summarises the principal risks associated with the group’s DB scheme:

Investment risk

The present value of defined benefit liabilities is calculated using a discount rate set by reference to high-

quality corporate bond yields. If scheme assets underperform corporate bonds, this will create a deficit.

Interest rate risk

A fall in bond yields would increase the value of the liabilities. This would only be partially offset by an increase 

in the value of the bond investments held.

Inflation risk

An increase in inflation would increase the value of pension liabilities. The assets would be expected to also 

increase, to the extent they are linked to inflation, but this would not be expected to fully match the increase 

in liabilities.

Longevity risk

The present value of the defined benefit liabilities is calculated having regards to a best estimate of the mortality 

of scheme members. If members live longer than this mortality assumption, this will increase the liabilities.

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61

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

17 Retirement benefit pension schemes (continued)
The last full actuarial valuation was carried out as at 31 December 2019. A qualified independent actuary has updated the results of 

this valuation to calculate the surplus as disclosed below:

The major assumptions used in this valuation to determine the present value of the scheme’s defined benefit obligation were 

as follows:

Rate of increase in salaries

Rate of increase of pensions in payment

Rate of increase of pensions in deferment

Discount rate

Inflation assumption — RPI

Inflation assumption — CPI

31 December

31 December

2021

2020

N/A

3.5%

2.9%

1.8%

3.5%

2.9%

N/A

2.9%

2.3%

1.3%

2.9%

2.3%

Percentage of deferred members taking maximum tax-free lump sum on retirement

75.0%

75.0%

Assumptions regarding future mortality experience are set based on advice in accordance with published statistics. The current 
mortality table used is 100% S3PA CMI_20208 (2020: 110% S3PA CMI_2018), heavy tables for males and middle for females, with a 
1.25% per annum long-term improvement rate for both males and females (2020: 1.25% for both males and females).

The assumed average life expectancy in years of a pensioner retiring at the age of 65 given by the above tables is as follows:

Current pensioners at 65:

Future pensioners currently 45:

Male

Female

Male

Female

2021

Years

19.7 

23.7 

21.1 

25.2 

2020

Years

19.6 

23.5 

21.0 

25.0 

The assumptions used by the actuary are the best estimates chosen from a range of possible actuarial assumptions which, due to the 

timescales covered, may not  necessarily be borne out in practice. The expected return on plan assets is based on market expectation 

at the beginning of the period for returns over the entire life of the benefit obligation.

62

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17 Retirement benefit pension schemes (continued)
Valuations
The fair value of the scheme’s assets, which are not intended to be realised in the short term and may be subject to significant change 

before they are realised, and the present value of the scheme’s liabilities, which are derived from cash flow projections over long 

periods and are inherently uncertain, were as follows:

Listed investments:

UK equities

Corporate bonds

Gilts

Cash

Fair value of plan assets 

Present value of liability

Scheme surplus recognised on the balance sheet

Related deferred tax liability

Net pension asset

Movement in scheme assets

Fair value at beginning of year

Interest income on scheme assets

Return on assets (excluding interest income)

Administrative expenses charged to the income statement

Employer contributions

Benefits paid

Fair value at end of year

2021

£'000

 18,447 

 17,584 

 11,193 

 47,224 

 1,251 

 48,475 

2020

£'000

 15,673 

 17,959 

 10,755 

 44,387 

 631 

 45,018 

  (42,338) 

  (44,520) 

 6,137 

  (2,148) 

 3,989 

 498 

  (95) 

 403 

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 45,018 

 582 

 3,442 

  (126) 

 1,320 

  (1,761) 

 48,475 

 43,995 

 865 

 1,626 

  (150) 

 720 

  (2,038) 

 45,018 

The above pension scheme assets do not include any investments in the parent company’s own shares or property occupied by the 

company or its subsidiaries at either period end. The group did not hold any unlisted investments at either period end.

Movement in scheme liabilities

Benefit obligation at start of year

Interest cost

Past service cost — GMP equalisation

Actuarial gain/ (loss) arising from:

   Demographic assumptions

   Financial assumptions

   Experience adjustments

Benefits paid

Benefit obligation at end of year

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

  (44,520) 

  (42,032) 

  (567) 

 — 

  (18) 

 494 

 512 

 1,761 

  (820) 

  (100) 

 1,792 

  (5,812) 

 414 

 2,038 

  (42,338) 

  (44,520) 

The present value of the defined benefit obligation of £42,338,000 (2020: £44,520,000) comprised approximately 45% relating to 
deferred participants and 55% relating to pensioners (2020: 45% deferred participants and 55% pensioners).

The weighted average duration of the pension scheme liabilities is 16 years (2020: 16 years).

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63

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

17 Retirement benefit pension schemes (continued)
Key assumptions — sensitivity analysis
The key assumptions used to calculate the scheme’s liabilities are longevity, discount rate and the inflation assumptions (RPI and CPI). 

If the average actual longevity from the age of 65 years is one year greater than that assumed, the pension scheme liabilities would 
increase by approximately £1.9 million (2020: £2.3 million). If the actual longevity is one year less than that assumed, the pension 
scheme liabilities would reduce by a similar amount.

A 0.1% increase in the discount rate applied to the scheme liabilities and a 0.1% increase in the inflation assumptions would 
reduce/increase the present value of the defined benefit obligation by approximately £0.7 million (2020: £0.7 million) and £0.5 
million (2020: £0.6 million) respectively. A 0.1% decrease in these assumptions would increase/reduce the present value of the defined 

benefit obligation by a similar amount.

The above sensitivity analyses are based on a change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, 

this is unlikely to occur and changes in some of the assumptions may be correlated. No allowance has been made for any change in 

assets that might arise under any of the scenarios set out above. When calculating the sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation 

to significant assumptions, the same method has been applied as when calculating the pension liability recognised within the 

consolidated balance sheet.

The sensitivities shown are just one possible outcome and should not be taken as an indication of the likelihood of a change occurring 

in the future. Economic markets are volatile and market metrics used to derive the discount rate and price inflation assumptions could 

increase or decrease in the future, by more or less than the change set out.

This methodology is unchanged from last year’s disclosures.

Amounts recognised in the income statement

Administrative expenses:

Past service cost — GMP equalisation

Pension 2scheme administrative expenses

Interest income on pension scheme assets

Interest expense on pension scheme liabilities

Net interest income on pension surplus (note 6)

Net pension charge

2021

£'000

— 

 126 

 126 

2020

£'000

 100 

 150 

 250 

  (582) 

  (865) 

 567 

  (15) 

 111 

 820 

  (45) 

 205 

Although the DB scheme was closed to new members on 29 December 2002, and future benefits ceased to accrue to existing 

members on that date, a Guaranteed Minimum Pensions (GMP) equalisation charge of £100,000 has been recognised in the prior year 
within past service costs. This follows a second High Court judgement in the case of Lloyds Banking Group in November 2020 when it 

was further clarified that, in addition to pension payments, pension transfer out values paid by UK defined benefit pension schemes 

also need to be equalised for previously unequal GMP. This charge has been recognised in the income statement as the ruling is 

considered to have created a new obligation, which was not previously incorporated into the calculation of the liabilities. Any changes 

in the assumptions adopted will be recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive total income as a remeasurement item.

64

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17 Retirement benefit pension schemes (continued)
Re-measurement (gains)/losses recognised in other comprehensive income

Return on assets (excluding interest income)

Experience adjustments

Actuarial (gains)/losses arising from changes in financial assumptions

Actuarial losses/(gains) arising from changes in demographic assumptions

Total re-measurement of the net defined asset shown in other comprehensive Income

2021

£'000

  (3,442) 

  (512) 

  (494) 

 18 

  (4,430) 

2020

£'000

  (1,626) 

  (414) 

 5,812 

  (1,792) 

 1,980 

Cumulative actuarial loss recognised in other comprehensive income

 4,331 

 8,761 

Interest income on pension scheme assets

Return on assets (excluding interest income)

Actual return on plan assets

2021

£'000

582 

3,442 

 4,024 

2020

£'000

865 

1,626 

 2,491 

The expected return on plan assets was determined by considering the expected returns available on the assets underlying the 

current investment policy as restricted to a rate equal to the assumed discount rate applied to the scheme’s liabilities. Expected yields 

on fixed interest investments are based on gross redemption yields as at the balance sheet date. Expected returns on equity and 

property investments reflect long-term real rates of return experienced in the respective markets.

Movement in surplus during the year

Surplus in scheme at beginning of year

Movement in year:

Employer contributions

Net pension charge

Actuarial gain/(loss)

Surplus in scheme at end of year

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

498 

 1,963 

1,320 

(111)

4,430 

6,137 

 720 

  (205) 

  (1,980) 

 498 

Defined contribution pension scheme and auto enrolment
The group operates the Andrews Sykes Stakeholder Pension Plan, to which the majority of UK employees are eligible. Both the 

employer and employee contributions vary, generally based upon the individual’s length of service with the company.

Contributions for both existing members and members that have been auto enrolled are made to the same scheme. The employer’s 
contribution rates vary from 3% to 10%, the current average being 3.5% (2020: 3.7%). The current period charge in the income 
statement amounted to £446,000 (2020: £457,000). 

Overseas defined contribution pension scheme arrangements
Overseas companies make their own pension arrangements, the charge for the period being £246,000 (2020: £234,000). No 

additional disclosure is given on the basis of materiality.

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65

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

18 Stock

Raw material and consumables

Work in progress

Finished goods

2021

£'000

 405 

 4 

 5,251 

5,660 

2020

£'000

 371 

 2 

 7,675 

 8,048 

The group’s bank loans are secured by fixed and floating charges over the group’s assets including stocks.

The cost of stock recognised as an expense in the period was £10,186,000 (2020: £7,609,000). In addition, a further £2,844,000 of 
items held in stock at 31 December 2020 (2020: £1,090,000 items held in stock at 31 December 2019) have been capitalised in the hire 

fleet this year. The net charge in the income statement for net realisable value provisions was £624,000 (2020: charge of £118,000).

19 Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables

Amounts due from related parties

Prepayments

Other receivables

No collateral is held in respect of overdue trade debtors.

The analysis of trade receivables that were past due is as follows:

2021

£'000

 18,022 

 3 

 1,521 

 250 

 19,796 

2020

£'000

 14,861 

 30 

 1,862 

 521 

 17,274 

2021 Gross debtor

Lifetime expected credit loss

Net carrying amount

Expected credit loss percentage

2020 Gross debtor

Lifetime expected credit loss

Net carrying amount

Expected credit loss percentage

Total

£000

 21,584 

  (3,562) 

 18,022 

16.5%

Total

£000

 17,390 

  (2,529) 

 14,861 

14.5%

Not past 

Past due 

due 

<3 months

3-6 months

6-12 months

>12 months

£000

 12,785 

  (42) 

 12,743 

0.3%

Not past 

£000

 2,850 

  (316) 

 2,534 

11.1%

£000

 1,485 

  (400) 

 1,085 

26.9%

£000

 1,454 

  (360) 

 1,094 

24.8%

£000

 3,010 

  (2,444) 

 566 

81.2%

Past due 

due 

<3 months

3-6 months

6-12 months

> 12 months

£000

 7,285 

 — 

 7,285 

—

£000

 4,631 

  (326) 

 4,305 

7.0%

£000

 1,216 

  (177) 

 1,039 

14.6%

£000

 1,183 

  (342) 

 841 

28.9%

£000

 3,075 

  (1,684) 

 1,391 

54.8%

66

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19 Trade and other receivables (continued)
Current trade debtors not considered to be overdue represents amounts due from customers that are not overdue in accordance with 

the specific credit terms agreed with those customers. The average outstanding debtor days for current trade debtors not considered 

to be overdue as at 31 December 2021 was 42 days (2020: 35 days). 

The allowance for doubtful debts and credit losses is based on past default experience, external indicators and forward-looking 

information performed on an entity-by-entity basis and not a collective basis. Debts with customers in liquidation or receivership are 

fully provided against until they have been written off. The movement in the provision during the period is as follows:

Balance at the beginning of the year

Foreign exchange difference

Charge for year

Amounts written off

Provision release

Balance at the end of the year

2021

£'000

 2,529 

 12 

 1,470 

  (449) 

 — 

 3,562 

2020

£'000

 2,549 

  (33) 

 490 

  (477) 

 — 

 2,529 

The directors consider that the carrying value of trade debtors approximates to fair value and that no impairment provisions are 

required against other receivables.

20 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash at bank

Deposit accounts

2021

£'000

 16,222 

 16,221 

 32,443 

2020

£'000

 9,429 

 14,583 

 24,012 

Cash at bank comprises cash held by the group in interest-free bank current accounts.

Deposit accounts comprise instant access interest-bearing accounts and other short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of 
three months or less. Interest was received at an average floating rate of approximately 0.1% (2020: 0.4%).

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates to their fair value.

Total cash balances and other monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are disclosed in note 28.

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67

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

21 Trade and other payables

Trade payables

Amounts due to related party

Other taxation and social security

Accruals

Other payables

2021

£'000

 3,278 

 236 

 2,554 

 6,888 

 631 

 13,587

2020

£'000

 2,917 

 197 

 2,495 

 5,811 

 870 

 12,290

Trade payables, accruals and other payables mainly comprise amounts outstanding from trade purchases and other normal business-
related costs. The average credit period taken for trade purchases is 41 days (2020: 25 days).

Information concerning credit, liquidity and market risks together with an analysis of monetary liabilities held in currencies other than 

pounds Sterling is given in note 28.

The carrying value of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value.

22 Current tax liabilities

UK corporation tax 

Overseas tax (denominated in Euros)

23 Bank loans
The borrowings are repayable as follows:

On demand or within one year

In the second year

Disclosed:

Within current liabilities

Within non-current liabilities

The total bank loans may be further analysed as follows:

Gross bank loans

Unamortised cost of raising loan finance

2021

£'000

  (58) 

 323 

 265 

2021

£'000

 3,000 

 — 

 3,000 

 3,000 

 — 

 3,000 

 3,000 

 — 

 3,000 

2020

£'000

 1,013 

 148 

 1,161 

2020

£'000

 493 

 2,998 

 3,491 

 493 

 2,998 

 3,491 

 3,500 

  (9) 

 3,491 

The group’s Sterling denominated bank loans are secured by fixed and floating charges over the assets of the group and by cross 

guarantees between group undertakings.

On 30 April 2017, the group took out a new five-year bank loan of £5 million. This loan was repayable in four annual instalments of 

£0.5 million commencing 30 April 2018, followed by a balloon payment of £3 million on 30 April 2022. The four annual instalments 

have all been made in accordance with the agreement and the group is operating within the agreed bank covenants.

Interest is charged on the group’s borrowings based on the three-month LIBOR rate plus a margin of 1.1%. The weighted average 
interest rate charged during the year was 1.20% (2020: 1.38%). Costs incurred raising the loan are being amortised over the 
loan period.

68

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24 Right-of-use lease obligations
Financial liabilities

Amounts payable under right-of-use lease obligations:

Within one year

In the second to fifth years

After five years

Less future finance charges

Present value of lease obligations

Minimum lease payments

minimum lease payments

Present value of

2021

£'000

 3,064 

 7,240 

 4,915 

 15,219 

  (2,285) 

 12,934 

2020

£'000

 3,135 

 7,435 

 4,474 

 15,044 

  (2,195) 

 12,849 

2021

£'000

 2,602 

 6,150 

 4,182 

 12,934 

 — 

2020

£'000

 2,656 

 6,329 

 3,864 

 12,849 

 — 

 12,934 

 12,849 

The group’s obligations under these leases are secured over the right-to-use assets to which they relate. Where extension options are 

included, an assessment of how likely it is for the option to extend the lease to be exercised is performed and if it is determined that 

the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise the option then the term covered by the option is included in the lease term.

25 Provisions

Balance at 1 January

Amount transferred from accruals

Provision created in the year

Utilised during the year

Unused amounts reversed

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 — 

 859 

 1,182 

  (70) 

 — 

 1,971 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

Dilapidation costs expected to be settled at the end of the lease term for rectification of wear and tear damage of the Group’s 

leasehold premises are provided for as an expense over the tenancy period as the wear and tear occurs. The cost of the remedial work 

required on the group’s properties is spread over a number of years and the provision is based upon the group’s previous dilapidation 

experience and quotes received from professional surveyors. The impact of discounting is considered immaterial to the amounts 

provided.

26 Called-up share capital

Allotted, called-up and fully paid 

42,174,359 (2020: 42,174,359) Ordinary shares of one pence each

422

422

During the year and the previous year, the company did not purchase any ordinary shares of 1p each for cancellation.

No share options were exercised, granted, forfeited or expired during either the current or preceding financial period. There were no 

outstanding share options at the end of either the current or preceding financial period.

31 December

31 December

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

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69

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

27 Analysis of net funds and movement in financing liabilities

Cash and cash equivalents per consolidated cash flow statement

Gross funds

Bank Loans:

At the beginning of the year

Loans repaid

Other non-cash changes

At the end of the year

Right-of-use lease obligations:

At the beginning of the year

Capital repayments for right-of-use lease obligations

Interest charged

Interest paid 

New right-of-use assets entered into during the year

Termination of right-of-use obligations

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on right-of-use leases

At the end of the year

Gross debt

Net funds

2021

£'000

 32,443 

 32,443 

2020

£'000

 24,012 

 24,012 

  (3,491) 

  (3,983) 

 500 

  (9) 

 500 

  (8) 

  (3,000) 

  (3,491) 

  (12,849) 

 2,951 

(530)

530

  (11,761) 

 2,832 

(530)

530

  (3,325) 

  (3,943) 

 40 

 249 

 249 

  (226) 

  (12,934) 

  (12,849) 

(15,934)

16,509

(16,340)

7,672 

28 Financial instruments
Capital risk management
The group manages its capital to ensure that it will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising the return to 

shareholders. The capital structure of the group consists of net funds, which are analysed in note 26, and equity comprising issued 

share capital, reserves and retained earnings as disclosed on the balance sheet. The net funds to equity percentage is:

Net funds per note 27

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent company

Net funds to equity percentage

2021

£'000

 16,509 

 63,620 

25.9%

2020

£'000

 7,672 

 56,024 

13.7%

70

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28 Financial instruments (continued)
Categories of financial instruments
The carrying values of each category of financial instrument, shown at amortised cost, are as follows:

Financial assets

Trade receivables and amounts due from related parties

Other debtors

Cash and cash equivalents

Financial liabilities

Trade payables and amounts due to related parties

Accruals and other creditors

Loans

Right-of-use lease obligations

Surplus of financial assets over financial liabilities

2021

£'000

18,025

250

32,443

50,718

 3,514 

 7,519 

 3,000 

 12,934 

26,967

23,751

2020

£'000

14,891

521

24,012

39,424

 3,113 

 6,634 

 3,491 

 12,849 

26,087

13,337

Financial risk management
The key risks that potentially impact on the group’s results are market risk, credit risk and liquidity and interest rate risks. The group’s 

exposure to each of these risks and the management of that exposure is discussed below. There has been no change in the period, or 

since the period end, to the type of financial risks faced by the group or to the management of those risks.

Market risk
The Group’s activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in interest rates. When appropriate, the group enters 

into derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate risk, including interest rate caps that limit the group’s 

exposure to fluctuations in LIBOR on its bank loans. However, due to the current low interest rates and the indications that these will 

not increase substantially in the immediate future, the directors do not consider that interest rate caps are currently cost-effective. 

Accordingly, the group does not hold any interest rate caps or any other derivative financial instrument as at 31 December 2021 

(2020: £Nil), although this position is constantly under review.

A 1% increase in the average bank loan agreement rate for the period would have increased the net bank loan interest charge by 
£30,000 (2020: £31,000); a 1% decrease would have decreased it by a similar amount.

The group’s policy is not to hedge its international assets with respect to foreign currency balance sheet translation exposure, nor 

against foreign currency transactions. The group generally does not enter into forward exchange contracts and it does not use 

financial instruments for speculative purposes.

Currency risk
No entities within the group hold significant financial assets or financial liabilities in a currency that is different to their functional 

currency and therefore there is no material exposure to currency risk.

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71

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021

28 Financial instruments (continued)
Credit risk
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the group. The 

group has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from 

defaults. Creditworthiness is verified by independent rating agencies when available. The group’s exposure to and credit ratings of its 

counterparties are continuously monitored. Credit exposure is controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved by 

senior management on a regular basis.

Trade receivables consist of a large number of customers spread across diverse industries and geographical locations. A review of all 

bad debt history was carried out to evaluate whether this was indicative of any expected future credit exposures. These historical rates 

of credit loss were then looked at in the context of current and future factors affecting customer creditworthiness. Trade receivables 

are written off when there is considered to be little likelihood of recovery of the debt.

The group’s lifetime expected credit loss percentage analysed by age category of debt is disclosed in note 19.

The group does not have any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or connected counterparties at the reporting 

date where “significant” is defined as 5% of gross financial assets. The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments 

is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit ratings assigned by international credit rating agencies.

The carrying amount of financial assets recorded in the financial statements, which is net of impairment losses, represents the group’s 

maximum exposure to credit risk.

Liquidity risk management
The group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate gross funds, which at 31 December 2021 amounted to £32,443,000 

(2020: £24,012,000), by operating within its agreed banking facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, by 

matching the maturity profiles of monetary assets and liabilities and by monitoring and discussing its covenants with the bank.

In view of the significant levels of net funds available to the group of £16,509,000 (2020: £7,672,000), the directors believe that 
additional unutilised borrowing facilities are not required.

Liquidity and interest risk tables
The following table details the group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities. The table has been 

prepared based on the undiscounted contractual maturities of the financial instruments. The future finance charges represent the 

charges that will be charged to the income statement in future periods based on the current weighted average interest rates and have 

not been included within the carrying amount of the financial liability.

The following liquidity and interest risk tables include non-financial liabilities relating to current tax of £265,000 (2020: £1,161,00) and 
other tax and social security of £2,554,000 (2020: £2,495,000). These have been included in the maturity analysis provided as this is 

considered to be useful information for account users in regards to the timing of likely cash outflows.

Weighted

Due within

3 months

Due 2 to 5 

Due after

average

3 months

interest rate

£'000

to 1 year

£'000

years

£'000

5 years

£'000

Due 

At 31 December 2021

Non-interest bearing

N/A

 10,093 

 3,760 

1.2%

 — 

 3,000 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

Future 

finance

charges

£'000

 — 

 — 

Total

£'000

 13,852 

 3,000 

Gross variable interest 

bank loan

Right-of-use lease 

obligation

Total

72

 766 

 10,859 

 2,298 

 9,058 

 7,240 

 7,240 

 4,915 

 4,915 

  (2,285) 

  (2,285) 

 12,934 

 29,786 

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28 Financial instruments (continued)

Due 

Weighted

Due within

3 months

Due 2 to 5 

Due after

average

3 months

interest rate

£'000

to 1 year

£'000

years

£'000

5 years

£'000

Future 

finance

charges

£'000

Total

£'000

At 31 December 2020

Non-interest bearing

Gross variable interest 

bank loan

Right-of-use lease 

obligation

Total

N/A

 9,563 

 3,888 

 — 

1.4%

 — 

 502 

 3,055 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 13,451 

  (57) 

 3,500 

 858 

 10,421 

 2,277 

 6,667 

 7,435 

 10,490 

 4,474 

 4,474 

  (2,195) 

  (2,252) 

 12,849 

 29,800 

29 Operating lease arrangements
At the balance sheet date, the group had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable 

operating leases, which fall due as follows:

Future minimum payments due:

Not later than one year

After one year but not more than five years

Property

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 — 

 — 

 — 

 187 

 — 

 187 

Plant, machinery 

and equipment

2021

£'000

 195 

 388 

 583 

2020

£'000

 230 

 429 

 659 

Property lease payments represent rentals payable by the group for certain of its operating locations and offices the duration of which 

are for 12 months or less.

Plant, machinery and equipment leases represent short-term leases for motor vehicles, office and general equipment also with a 

duration of 12 months or less. In addition, any non-capital payments under operating leases, for example, maintenance costs on 

vehicles, have not been capitalised and continue to be treated as off-balance-sheet operating leases and the commitments included 

within the table above.

Leases with a duration of over 12 months have been included within right-to-use assets in accordance with IFRS 16; see note 13.

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73

Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021

30 Related party transactions
Group
All transactions between the parent company and subsidiary companies and between subsidiary companies have been eliminated on 

preparation of the consolidated accounts. The group has not entered into any other related party transactions.

Trading transactions
During the period, the group entered into the following transactions in the normal course of business with associated companies on an 

arm’s length basis:

Sale of goods and services to associates within the London Security plc group

Purchase of goods and services from associates within the London Security plc group

Amount owed by the group to associates within the London Security plc group

Sales of goods and services to companies connected with Khansaheb Sykes LLC

Amounts owed to the group by companies connected with Khansaheb Sykes LLC

Purchase of goods and services from associates connected with Khansaheb Sykes LLC

Amounts owed by the group to companies connected with Khansaheb Sykes LLC

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 — 

 116 

 — 

 38 

 3 

 402 

 236 

 — 

 115 

 2 

 224 

 30 

 559 

 195 

The group did not hold any security and there were no impairment charges in respect of any of the above transactions.

London Security plc is associated through common control.

Khansaheb Sykes LLC, a company that is 49% owned by the group and 100% of the profits accrue to the group, trades in the normal 

course of business with its other shareholder and companies connected with that shareholder.

Transactions with key management personnel
Details of remuneration paid to directors and key management personnel are disclosed in note 9 above.

74

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31 Dividend payments
The directors declared and paid the following dividends during the 12 month periods ended 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020:

2021

2020

Total 

Total 

Pence per

dividend paid

Pence per

dividend paid

share

£'000

share

£'000

Final dividend for the 12 months ended 31 December 2020 paid to 

members on the register at 28 May 2021 on 18 June 2021

 11.50 

 4,850 

Interim dividend declared on 27 September 2021 and paid to 

shareholders on the register at 8 October 2021 on 5 November 2021

 11.90 

 5,019 

Final dividend for the 12 months ended 31 December 2019 paid to 

members on the register at 29 May 2020 on 19 June 2020

First interim dividend declared on 23 July 2020 and paid to 

shareholders on the register at 7 August 2020 on 28 August 2020

Second interim dividend declared on 29 September 2020 and paid to 

shareholders on the register at 9 October 2020 on 6 November 2020

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 23.40 

 9,869 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 10.50 

 4,428 

 23.70 

 9,995 

 11.90 

 46.10 

 5,019 

 19,442 

The above dividends were charged against reserves as shown in the consolidated statement of changes in equity of these financial 

statements.

The directors recommend the payment of a final dividend of 12.5 pence (2020: 11.5 pence) per ordinary share. If approved at the 
forthcoming Annual General Meeting, this dividend, which in total amounts to £5,272,000 (2020: £4,850,000), will be paid on 17 June 
2022 to shareholders on the register at 27 May 2022.

32 Ultimate parent company
As at 3 May 2022, EOI Sykes Sarl, which is incorporated in Luxembourg, held 86.25% of the share capital of Andrews Sykes Group plc 

and is therefore the immediate parent company. The intermediate holding company is SK Participation Sarl, a company incorporated 

in Luxembourg, and the ultimate holding company is the Tristar Corporation, a company incorporated in the Republic of Panama. 

The Tristar Corporation is held jointly, in equal proportions, by the Ariane Trust and the Eden Trust and controlled by the trustees of 

these trusts through a Trustees’ Committee. The directors therefore consider that the trustees of the Ariane and Eden Trusts are the 

ultimate controlling parties of Andrews Sykes Group plc.

The lowest level at which consolidated accounts are prepared is EOI Sykes Sarl and the highest level is the SK Participation Sarl.

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75

Parent Company Balance Sheet
At 31 December 2021 

Fixed assets

Investments

Current assets

Debtors

Cash at bank and in hand

Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Net current assets

Total assets less current liabilities

Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

Net Assets

Capital and reserves

Share capital

Share premium

Profit and loss account

Capital redemption reserve

Other reserve

Shareholders' funds

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

Note

£'000

£'000

£'000

£'000

3

4

5

5

7

 30,159 

 32,144 

 14,381 

 302 

14,683 

  (8,412) 

26,246

13

 26,259 

  (8,277) 

6,271

 36,430 

 — 

 36,430

 422 

 13 

 33,626

 158 

 2,211 

 36,430

 17,982 

 50,126 

  (2,998) 

 47,128 

 422 

 13 

 44,324 

 158 

 2,211 

 47,128 

The loss for the year dealt with in the accounts of the parent company was £829,000 (2020: profit of £11,093,000).

These consolidated financial statements of Andrews Sykes Group plc, company number 00175912, were approved and authorised for 

issue by the Board of directors on 3 May 2022 and were signed on its behalf by:

JJ Murray

Vice-Chairman

76

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Parent Company Statement of  
Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Share

Capital 

Attributable 

to equity 

Share

capital

£'000

premium

Profit and

redemption 

Other

holders of 

account

loss account

reserve 

reserves

the Company 

£'000

£'000

£000

£'000

£000

Balance at 31 December 2019

Profit for the year

Dividends paid

Total of transactions with shareholders

Balance at 31 December 2020

Loss for the year

Dividends paid

Total of transactions with shareholders

Balance at 31 December 2021

 422 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 422 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 422 

 13 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 13 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 13 

 52,673 

 11,093 

  (19,442) 

  (19,442) 

 44,324 

 (829) 

  (9,869) 

  (9,869) 

 33,626

 158 

 2,211 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 158 

 2,211 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 158 

 2,211 

 55,477 

 11,093 

  (19,442) 

  (19,442) 

 47,128 

(829) 

  (9,869) 

  (9,869) 

36,430

Share premium account
The share premium account balance includes the proceeds that were above the nominal value from issuance of the Company’s equity 

share capital comprising 1p shares.

Profit and loss account
Profit and loss include the accumulated profits and losses arising from the profit and loss attributable to equity shareholders, less 

distributions to shareholders.

Capital redemption reserve
The capital redemption reserve has arisen on the cancellation of previously issued shares and represents the nominal value of those 

shares cancelled.

Other reserve
The other reserve represents a non-distributable reserve, which arose following the historic receipt of dividends paid out of internally 

generated profits within the group and are therefore not considered payable outside the group to its shareholders.

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77

Notes to the Company  
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1 Significant accounting policies
Basis of preparation
These separate financial statements of Andrews Sykes Group plc (the “company”) have been prepared under the historical cost 

convention and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 (FRS 102) and the Companies Act 2006. 

Reduced disclosure framework
Advantage has been taken of paragraph 1.12 of FRS 102 and the company has applied the reduced disclosure framework as permitted 

by that paragraph. In accordance with paragraph 1.11, shareholders have been notified and did not object to the adoption of the 

reduced disclosure framework. Accordingly, these individual company financial statements:

 ● do not contain a cash flow statement as otherwise required by section 7 of FRS 102;

 ● do not contain accounting policies for financial instruments, as otherwise required by sections 11 and 12 of FRS 102, as these have 

been disclosed in the consolidated accounts;

 ● do not disclose key management remuneration as otherwise required by section 33 of FRS 102; and

 ● do not include the disclosures otherwise required by FRS 102.11 for basic and FRS 102.12 for other financial instruments.

The company proposes to continue to adopt the reduced disclosure framework of FRS 102 in its next financial statements.

Exemptions taken in the preparation of these financial statements on transition to FRS 102
The effective date of transition to FRS 102 was 1 January 2014. In accordance with paragraph 35.10 of FRS 102, in 2015, the company 

elected to take advantage of the following exemptions that were available on transition:

 ● Section 19 of FRS 102 was not applied retrospectively to business combinations that occurred before the date of transition to FRS 

102; and

 ● Investments in subsidiaries are stated at cost less impairment provisions and not at fair value.

Company profit and loss account
As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the company has elected not to present its own profit and loss account for 

the period.

Principal accounting policies
The principal accounting policies, which have all been applied consistently throughout the current and preceding accounting periods, 

are summarised below.

Going concern
These financial statements have been prepared on the fundamental assumption that the company is a going concern and will continue 

to trade for at least 12 months following the date of approval of the financial statements.

Further information explaining why the directors believe that the group as a whole is a going concern is given in note 1 of the group 

accounting policies.

Investments
Investments in subsidiary undertakings are stated at cost less provision for impairment. Cost is defined as the aggregate of:

(a) the cash consideration;

(b) the nominal value of shares issued as consideration where Section 612 of the Companies Act 2006 applies;

(c) the market value of the company’s shares on the date they were issued where Section 612 does not apply;

(d) the fair value of any other consideration; and

(e) costs of acquisition.

Investments are assessed for indicators of impairment at each balance sheet date. If there is such an indication, the recoverable 

amount of the investment is compared to the carrying amount of the investment. If the recoverable amount of the investment is 

estimated to be lower than the carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is 

recognised in the profit and loss account. 

If an impairment loss is subsequently reversed, the carrying amount of the investment is increased to the revised estimate of its 

recoverable amount, but only to the extent that the revised carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have 

been determined had no impairment loss been recognised in prior periods. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in the profit 

and loss account.

78

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1 Significant accounting policies (continued)
Financial instruments
The company only enters into basic financial instruments transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities 

like loans from banks and group undertakings and loans to group undertakings.

Debt instruments (other than those wholly repayable or receivable within one year), including loans, are initially measured at present 

value of the future cash flows and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

Financial assets that are measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each reporting period for objective evidence 

of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an impairment loss is recognised in the statement of comprehensive 

income.

For financial assets measured at amortised cost, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset’s carrying 

amount and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. If a financial asset has 

a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under 

the contract.

For financial assets measured at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset’s carrying 

amount and best estimate of the recoverable amount, which is an approximation of the amount that the company would receive for 

the asset if it were to be sold at the reporting date.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement of financial position when there is an 

enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle 

the liability simultaneously.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided in full on timing differences that result in an obligation to pay more tax, or a right to pay less tax, at a future 

date, at rates expected to apply when they crystallise based on current tax law enacted or substantively enacted. Timing differences 

arise from the inclusion of items of income and expenditure in taxation computations in periods different from those in which they are 

included in financial statements. Deferred tax is not provided on unremitted earnings where there is no binding commitment to remit 

these earnings. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is regarded as more likely than not that they will be recovered. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

Current tax
Current tax payable and recoverable is based on the taxable profit or loss for the year using tax rates enacted or substantively 

enacted at the reporting date. Taxable profit differs from the profit as reported in the profit and loss account as it is adjusted for both 

items that will never be taxable or deductible and temporary timing differences.

Borrowing costs
All borrowing costs are recognised in the company’s profit and loss account on an accruals basis.

Related party transactions
Under the provisions of FRS 102 paragraph 33.1A, the company has not disclosed details of intra-group transactions with wholly owned 

subsidiary companies.

2 Employee information
The company has no employees other than the directors. The directors received no remuneration in 2020 or 2021 paid directly by 

Andrews Sykes Group plc.

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79

Notes to the Company  
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

3 Fixed asset investments

Cost

At the beginning of the period

Capital distribution

At the end of the period

Provisions

At the beginning of the period

Charge for the period

At the end of the period

Net book Value

At 31 December 2021

At 31 December 2020

Subsidiary

undertakings

shares

£'000

 40,748 

  (950) 

 39,798 

8,604

1,035

9,639

30,159

32,144

During the year a subsidiary company, Andrews Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Ltd, made a return of capital of £950,000.

Directly owned by Andrews Sykes Group plc:

Andrews Sykes Hire Limited 

Andrews Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Limited 

A.S. Group Management Limited* (intermediate holding company)

Andrews Sykes International Limited* (intermediate holding company)

Andrews Sykes Investments Limited* (intermediate holding company)

Andrews Sykes Properties Limited* (property holding company)

Climate Contingency Services Limited* (non-trading)

Company 3533273 Limited* (non-trading)

Refrigeration Compressor Remanufacturers Limited* (non-trading)

Sykes Ground Water Control Limited* (non-trading)

Andrews Industrial Equipment (Scotland) Limited (Scotland; dormant)

Expert Hire Plant Limited (dormant)

Heat for Hire (Scotland) Limited (Scotland; dormant)

Plant Mart Limited (dormant)

Sykes Pumps Limited (dormant)

Indirectly owned by Andrews Sykes Group plc:

Andrews Sykes B.V. (Netherlands)

Andrews Sykes BVBA (Belgium)

Andrews Sykes Climat Location SA (Switzerland)

Andrews Sykes Climat Location SAS (France)

Andrews Sykes Luxembourg SARL (Luxembourg)

AS Holding B.V. (Netherlands; intermediate holding company)

Khansaheb Sykes LLC (49%; United Arab Emirates)

Nolo Climat S.R.L. (Italy)

AAC&R Limited (dormant)

Andrews Accommodation Limited (dormant)

Sykes Pumps International Limited* (overseas sales of specialist environmental control products)

*   Donates that the directors have taken advantage of the exemption available under Section 479A of the Companies Act 2006 relating to the 

requirement for  the audit of the individual accounts for the companies annotated as Andrews Sykes Group plc has provided these companies with a 
parental guarantee.

Unless otherwise indicated, all are incorporated in England and Wales with a registered address of St David’s Court, Union Street, 

Wolverhampton, WV1 3JE. Their principal activity is the hire, sales, service and/or installation of specialist environmental control 

products mainly in the country of incorporation.

80

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3 Fixed asset investments (continued)
The registered office address of Andrews Industrial Equipment (Scotland) Limited and Heat for Hire (Scotland) Limited is West Mains 

Industrial Estate, Grangemouth, Stirlingshire, Scotland, FK3 8YE.

The registered office address of AS Holding B.V. and Andrews Sykes B.V. is Marconistraat 32, Bleiswijk 2665 JE, The Netherlands.

The registered office address of Khansaheb Sykes LLC is P.O. Box 1848, Industrial Area 10, Geeco Signal, Sharjah 1848, United Arab 

Emirates.

The registered office address of Andrews Sykes BVBA is Industrialaan 35, Groot Bijgaarden, Dilbeek 1702, Belgium.

The registered office address of Nolo Climat S.R.L. is 27 Via Giulini, Parabiago 20015, Italy.

The registered office address of Andrews Sykes Climat Location SAS is 2 Rue des Meuniers, ZI du Moulin de Lamblin, Hallennes Lez 

Haubourdin 59320, France.

The registered office address of Andrews Sykes Climat Location SA is 122 Rue de Geneve, Neuvecelle, Thonex 1226, Switzerland.

The registered office address of Andrews Sykes Luxembourg SARL is 18 Route de Capellen, Holzem 8279, Luxembourg.

The group holds 100% of the ordinary share capital of all of the above, unless otherwise stated. 100% of the profits of Khansaheb 

Sykes LLC accrue to the group.

The movement in provisions relates to adjustments to the net carrying value of investments in non-trading subsidiaries to underlying 

net asset value.

4 Debtors

Amounts due from group undertakings  

Corporation tax

Other debtors

Deferred tax

Prepayments

The movements on the deferred tax asset during the year were as follows:

Asset at the beginning of the year at 19%

Profit and loss account charge

Asset at the end of the period at 19%

2021

£'000

14,374

 — 

 — 

 — 

 7 

2020

£'000

24,752

 1,371 

 98 

 20 

 5 

14,381 

 26,246 

Short-term

timing differences

£'000

20

(20)

— 

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81

Notes to the Company  
Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

5 Creditors

Amounts due within one year:

Bank loans and overdraft

Amounts due to group undertakings

Accruals and deferred income

Amounts due after more than one year:

Bank loans repayable between one and two years

The total bank loans may be further analysed as follows:

Gross bank loans

Unamortised costs of raising loan finance

2021

£'000

 3,000 

 5,330 

 82 

 8,412 

2021

£'000

 — 

 — 

 3,000 

 — 

 3,000 

2020

£'000

 493 

 7,666 

 118 

 8,277 

2020

£'000

 2,998 

 2,998 

 3,500 

  (9) 

 3,491 

Total company bank loans and overdrafts of £3,000,000 (2020: £3,500,000) are secured by fixed and floating charges on the assets 
of the group and by cross guarantees between group undertakings. There are no unsecured bank loans at either period end.

Details of the bank loan facilities are given in note 23 to the consolidated financial statements.

All inter-company loans are repayable on demand and, accordingly, have been classified within current liabilities. Interest is charged 

on all inter-company loans at commercial rates of interest.

The company did not have any undrawn committed borrowing facilities at either period end.

6 Financial instruments
The group’s policies, objectives and exposure in respect of capital and financial (encompassing market, credit and liquidity) risk 

management are set out in note 28 to the consolidated financial statements and these are also applicable to the company. The 

company did not hold any derivative financial instruments at either 31 December 2021 or 31 December 2020.

82

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7 Share capital

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

42,174,359 (2020: 42,174,359) Ordinary shares of one pence each

422

422

During the year and the previous year, the company did not purchase any ordinary shares of 1p each for cancellation.

No share options were exercised, granted, forfeited or expired during either the current or preceding financial period. There were no 

outstanding share options at the end of either the current or preceding financial period.

8 Reconciliation of movements in shareholders’ funds

(Loss)/profit for the financial year

Dividends declared and paid

Net decrease in shareholders' funds

Shareholders' funds at the beginning of the year

Shareholders' funds at the end of the period

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

 (829)

  (9,869) 

  (10,698) 

 47,128 

 36,430

 11,093 

  (19,442) 

  (8,349) 

 55,477 

 47,128 

9 Related party transactions
Transactions between the company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, which are related parties, are not disclosed in this note in 

accordance with paragraph 33.1A of FRS 102.

During the period, the company entered into the following transactions in the normal course of business with associated companies on 

an arm’s length basis:

2021

£'000

2020

£'000

Purchase of goods and services from associates within the London Security plc group

116

71

The company did not hold any security and there were no impairment charges in respect of any of the above transactions.

London Security plc is associated through common control. 

10 Ultimate parent company
As at 3 May 2022, EOI Sykes Sarl, which is incorporated in Luxembourg, held 86.25% of the share capital of Andrews Sykes Group plc 

and is therefore the immediate parent company. The intermediate holding company is SK Participation Sarl, a company incorporated 

in Luxembourg, and the ultimate holding company is the Tristar Corporation, a company incorporated in the Republic of Panama. 

The Tristar Corporation is held jointly, in equal proportions, by the Ariane Trust and the Eden Trust and controlled by the trustees of 

these trusts through a Trustees’ Committee. The directors therefore consider that the trustees of the Ariane and Eden Trusts are the 

ultimate controlling parties of Andrews Sykes Group plc.

The lowest level at which consolidated accounts are prepared is EOI Sykes Sarl and the highest level is the SK Participation Sarl.

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83

Five-Year History

2021

£’000

2020

£’000

2019

£’000

2018

£’000

2017

£’000

Revenue 

 75,219 

 67,259 

 77,246 

 78,563 

 71,300 

Operating profit from continuing operations 

 20,074 

 16,386 

 19,298 

 20,681 

 17,589 

Interest charge on right-of-use leases 

  (530) 

  (530) 

  (526) 

Inter-company foreign exchange (losses)/gains 

  (25) 

  (75) 

  (270) 

 — 

 336 

 — 

  (293) 

Net interest credit/(charge) excluding inter-company 

foreign exchange and right-of-use lease interest 

  (20) 

 52 

 58 

 28 

  (11) 

Profit before taxation 

 19,499 

 15,833 

 18,560 

 21,045 

 17,285 

Taxation 

  (3,959) 

  (2,813) 

  (3,541) 

  (3,999) 

  (3,184) 

Profit for the financial period 

 15,540 

 13,020 

 15,019 

 17,046 

 14,101 

Dividends per share paid in the year 

23.40p 

 46.10p 

 23.80p 

 23.80p 

 23.80p 

Dividends paid during the year 

 9,869 

 19,442 

 10,038 

 10,048 

 10,058 

Basic earnings per share from continuing operations 

 36.85p 

 30.87p 

 35.61p 

 40.39p 

 33.37p 

Proposed ordinary final dividend per share 

 12.50p 

 11.50p 

 10.50p 

 11.90p 

 11.90p 

84

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IBC

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